250 - SPRINGFIELD AND CLARK COUNTY Foos Gas Engine Company bought and moved into the old Knife and Bar factory, Mr. Baker disposed of his holdings in the Springfield Metallic Casket Company. About this time, also, he associated himself with the firm of Mast, Foos & Company, makers of wind engines and pumps, and in the following year became interested in the salt-producing industry and reorganized the Royal Salt Company of Kanapolis, Kansas, the presidency of which he retained throughout the remainder of his life. Mr. Baker's business and executive ability next found expression in the reorganization of the Foos Gas Engine Company of Springfield, of which he became president and treasurer in 1897. He was also a director of the Western Salt Company of St. Louis. At the time of his demise he held the offices above mentioned, was vice president and a director of the Springfield National Bank, and president and treasurer of the Champion Chemical Company. Among the industries under the direction of Mr. Baker probably no other was quite so close to his heart as the Champion Chemical Company, which in the early days of his business career he had helped to organize. This business was the outgrowth of the Hill Fluid Company, in which a part-ownership was held by Mr. Baker's father. To the son was due its later development, its outstanding record of success and the building up of an organization which is continuing the service upon which that success rests. The Champion Chemical Company was a pioneer in developing improved methods of embalming and in perfecting high-grade embalming fluids. As in the case of other companies controlled by Mr. Baker, the quality of the product has always been regarded as the prime factor to be considered. In this field, more almost than in any other, Mr. Baker taught his organization absolute certainty of results is possible only through uniformity and dependability of product. Hence quality, rather than price, has been the key word in the Champion plant. The scope of the company's service was greatly expanded during the time of Mr. Baker's presidency, and he built up its line until it embraced, and still embraces, nearly everything required in the modern direction of funerals. One of the products of the Champion factory is a complete line of steel grave vaults, among them being the oldest of grave vaults as well as the latest, the latter being a vault of particular design and quality which perpetuates the name of Mr. Baker. Until a few days prior to his death Mr. Baker continued his business activities. On September 16, 1921, accompanied by his wife, Mrs. Jessie (Foos) Baker, he left on a business and recuperative trip through the West. Hearing of her father's serious illness, his daughter Margaret hurried westward, but he was not destined to return alive. What had seemed to be .only a heavy cold when he had left Springfield developed into a form of pneumonia, and he passed away at Beth-El Hospital, Colorado Springs, Sunday morning, September 25. During the years of his active life Mr. Baker became a well-known and useful member of society, with activities leading in various directions. He was well-known in a social way, as a member of the Lagonda and Country clubs, was quietly active in philanthropies, was a Knight Templar Mason, and was a communicant and official member of the High Street Methodist Episcopal Church. A wide circle of business acquaintances and friends extending throughout the country remember SPRINGFIELD AND CLARK COUNTY - 251 with respect and admiration his qualities of sterling integrity, of untiring devotion to his tasks and of loyal adherence to worthy principles. On June 25, 1895, Mr. Baker was united in marriage with Miss Jessie Foos, and they became the parents of one daughter, Margaret, who makes her home with her mother at Springfield. Mrs. Baker was born at Springfield, and is a daughter of the late John and Samantha (Mark) Foos. Mr. Foos, a pioneer manufacturer and capitalist of Springfield, was born in Madison County, Ohio, in 1826 and come to Springfield in 1848. In 1861 he puchased the Barnett Oil Mill, later the Steel, Lehman & Company Mill, and became a large dealer in seed and oil, although during the Civil war period he devoted his energies to the manufacture of woolens. In 1870 he became a partner in the Mast-Foos Company, and in 1876 became heavily interested in the St. John Sewing Machine Company. From the time of his locating at Springfield until his death Mr. Foos was one of the most prominent business citizens and manufacturers of his day in the city. PETER A. DILLAHUNT is a veterinary surgeon, with an extensive experience of nearly thirty years in the profession, and a large part of that time was spent in the Federal service in connection with the Bureau of Animal Husbandry. Doctor Dillahunt is a native of Clark County, and for several years has been engaged in a successful private practice, his home and stables being located on McCreight Avenue. He was born in German Township, Clark County, December 30, 1869, son of Andrew J., and Mary (Miller) Dillahunt, his father a native of Maryland and his mother of German Township. His paternal grandparents, George W. and Elizabeth (Garvin) Dillahunt, came from Maryland during the Civil war and located in German Township. The Miller family were early settlers of that township, and the maternal grandmother of Doctor Dillahunt was Rachael Bower. Andrew J. Dillahunt was a well known farmer and a veterinarian of German Township, where he died in 1905. After his death his widow removed to Springfield, where she now resides. Their children were : Elizabeth, of Northampton, Ohio, widow of S. J. Patterson ; Peter A.; G. Luther, living with his mother Fred, of Springfield ; Frank, of Mount Holly, Michigan ; and Otto C., of San Diego, California. Peter A. Dillahunt acquired a good education in the grammar and high schools of German Township, and at the age of twenty-one entered the Ontario Veterinary College at Toronto, Canada. He was graduated in 1893, and at once returned to Springfield, and conducted a successful practice over Clark County for fifteen years. In 1908 he joined the Bureau of Animal Industry, under the United States Department of Agriculture, as a veterinary inspector. The duties of this position required a great deal of travel over many states, and at the end of ten years, in 1918, he resigned, primarily for the purpose of looking after the farm of his father-in-law, Henry Kobelanz, in Springfield Township. After the death of Mr. Kobelanz on December 11, 1918, Doctor Dillahunt continued the management and operation of the farm until March 29, 1920, since which date he has given his time and attention almost entirely to his veterinary practice. 252 - SPRINGFIELD AND CLARK COUNTY December 15, 1896, Doctor Dillahunt married Elva Kobelanz, a native of Springfield Township and daughter of John Henry and Anna M. (Snyder) Kobelanz. Mr. and Mrs. Dillahunt are the parents of four children : Lelah Ester, wife of Omer Fouts, of Columbus, Ohio ; Henry Cecil, a student still at home, as are also Arthur Linden and Anna Martha. Mrs. Dillahunt was educated in the public schools of Springfield. They are active members of the first Lutheran Church, and for the past seven years Mr. Dillahunt has served as superintendent of the Sunday School of St. Marks' Church. He is a democrat, is affiliated with Springfield Lodge No. 205, Knights of Pythias, and is a member of the American Veterinary Association, has served as vice president of the Ohio State Veterinary Association, and is a member of the United States Live Stock Sanitary Association. HECTOR URQUHART, for over thirty years, has been engaged in the manufacture of bakery products. The greatest part of that period he has lived in Springfield, where he is president and general manager of the Springfield Baking Company. His generous public spirit has been constantly in evidence in connection with nearly every movement for the broader civic and social advancement of Springfield. Mr. Urquhart was born in the City of Toronto, Canada, March 21, 1845. His parents, Hector and Christian (Mitchell) Urquhart, were born in Scotland, and their voyage to America was their honeymoon. They came over in a sailing vessel, and spent all their married lives in or around Toronto. Mr. Hector Urquhart grew up in the City of Toronto, attended the public schools of Canada, and for a few years was a teacher. He is a practical business man of long and thorough training, and for a time before coming to the United States was manager of a hardware store in Canada. In 1889 Mr. Urquhart engaged in business at Lansing, Michigan, as a member of the firm Urquhart Brothers, proprietors of a large cracker bakery. This business, in 1893, was sold to the United States Baking Company, now a branch of the National Biscuit Company. Mr. Urquhart, in 1896, came to Springfield to take charge as manager of the local plant of the National Biscuit Company. In 1905 he bought that plant, and has continued it as the Springfield Baking Company, of which he is president and general manager. The company is a close corporation, its stock being held in the hands of members of the president's family. Mr. Urquhart is also president of the Reynolds Baking Company of Columbus, Ohio. As a prosperous business man, the movements that have especially appealed to his co-operation and means have been those associated with the social welfare of his community. For years he has been actively identified with the Y. M. C. A. and the Y. W. C. A., and was one of the leaders in the campaign to raise more than $30,000 for the Y. W. C. A. in March, 1922. Mr. Urquhart is a member of the Covenant Presbyterian Church, is influentially identified with the Chamber of Commerce and is affiliated with Anthony Lodge No. 445, F. and A. M., Palestine Commandery No. 33, K. T., Antioch Temple of the Mystic Shrine at Dayton. He is a member of Strathroy Lodge No. 58, Independent Order of Odd SPRINGFIELD AND CLARK COUNTY - 253 Fellows, in Ontario, Canada. He has kept his membership there since joining the order when a young man. In 1921 he and three other members of the lodge were presented with beautiful gold badges as tokens of continuous membership in good standing for fifty years. Mr. Urquhart had become eligible for this honor in 1920. JOHN MUNCHEL for thirty years has been one of the growers and producers of the truck and vegetable crops that supply the city population of Springfield, and is one of the well-established and substantial citizens of the community. He was born near Brookville, Franklin County, Indiana, December 3, 1872, son of Paul and Catherine (Engbers) Munchel, both natives of Germany, his father of Bavaria. Paul Munchel was four years of age when his parents, Adams and Helena (Wuest) Munchel, came to America and settled at Cincinnati, where Paul was reared and educated. After his marriage in Cincinnati he bought land at Brookville, Indiana, and in addition to farming also followed his trade as a brick-maker. He sold his farm there in 1914, and lived retired until his death on February 14, 1921. His wif e passed away in 1884. The oldest of their children is John; Joseph lives at Cedar Grove, Indiana ; Helen occupies the old homestead in Indiana; Elizabeth, also at the homestead, is the widow of Frank Meyer ; George is a public school teacher at Oldenburg, Indiana ; Paul died at the age of twenty-eight years ; Anthony lives at Brookville ; and William is a resident of Cincinnati. John Munchel while a boy attended the Oak Forest parochial school in Brookville, Indiana. When he was twenty years of age he came to Springfield and for twenty-two years was associated with the John Graeber truck farm. He then bought three acres in the south part of Springfield, improved with a substantial residence and other buildings, and has since been prosperously engaged in general gardening and trucking. Mr. Munchel and family are members of St. Bernard's Catholic Church and he is a democrat in politics. June 20, 1910, he married Miss Catherine Hoeffner. She was born at Williamstown, Ohio, daughter of George Hoeffner. Mr. and Mrs. Munchel have one son, John. THE SPRINGFIELD PLANING MILL & LUMBER COMPANY is a well-ordered industrial concern that contributes its quota to the commercial prestige of the metropolis and judicial center of Clark County, and its operations are based on ample capital and efficient executive direction. The business had its inception in a partnership formed by Frederick Michael and David A. Merkley, and with its expansion it was found expedient to incorporate the business, the present title having at that time been adopted, in 1885, when the company was incorporated with a capital stock of $20,000, the present capital being $60,000. Mr. Michael became the first president of the company and continued the incumbent of this office about one year after he had retired from active association with the enterprise in the late '90s. Mr. Merkley continued a stockholder of the company until his death. In the '90s George Dresher became identified with the company. He continued to be financially interested 254 - SPRINGFIELD AND CLARK COUNTY in the business until his death in 1919. In the meanwhile Harvey Bowers likewise had become an interested principal in the company and business. A. M. Jenkins, third president of the company, continued his active executive connection with the business until about 1901. W. C. Keppel was thereaf ter president and general manager one year, and in 1903 N. L. Duffey succeeded him in this dual office, of which he continued the incumbent until his death, on the 14th of March, 1922. his successor as president and general manager being E. E. Dresher. H. E. Fisher gave long and efficient service as secretary of the company, and upon his resignation, in February, 1900, he was succeeded by W. C. Keppel, who thus served until he was elected president of the company, as previously noted. E. E. Dresher succeeded to the office of secretary, and it was after twenty years of careful and constructive administration in this office that he was elected president of the company. A. C. Harraman is now secretary of the company. The original planing mill of the company was established on leased land, and with the great expansion of the business in the passing years there has been consecutive growth in the capacity and facilities of the manufacturing and distributing plant, the company now owing and occupying a tract of land that has a frontage of 200 feet on Columbia Street with a depth of 250 feet. Virtually this entire area is now covered with the buildings of the company, and in the mill is retained a force of thirty men, with an additional corps of ten employes in other departments. The mill has the best of modern equipment and facilities and manufactures all kinds of lumber products for building purposes, a specialty being made of supplying the demands of architects and contractors. The annual business of this vital and progressive corporation now averages fully $200,000, and the incidental capitalistic investment in the enterprise is in excess of $120,000. A. L. Duffey, former president of this company, was born at Hillsboro, Ohio, and was sixty-two years of age at the time of his death. He came to Springfield in the spring of 1882 and he was a technical authority in all departments of lumber manufacturing, so that he proved a most able and valued executive after he had identified himself with the company of which he was president at the time of his death. He was one of the strong and resourceful business men of Springfield, loyal as a citizen, but never desirous of political activity or public office. He is survived by his widow and by one daughter, Mrs. Florence Burkhart. E. E. Dresher, present chief executive of the Springfield Planing Mill & Lumber Company, was born in Pike Township, Clark County, March 15, 1882, and is a son of George Dresher, a former president of the company, as noted in a preceding paragraph. George Dresher was born near Dayton, Ohio, and was a boy at the time of the family removal to Clark County. He became actively identified with farm enterprise of independent order and developed also a prosperous business as a contractor in the erection of farm buildings, as well as one of the principal stockholders in the Springfield Planing Mill & Lumber Company. E. E. Dresher became bookkeeper for the company in the year 1904, later served as its secretary, and finally became its president, as already noted in this context. SPRINGFIELD AND CLARK COUNTY - 255 ALBERT TUTTLE. Quietly pursuing the life of the average American citizen, the late Albert Tu ttle did his duty as he saw it, and was recognized as a responsible factor in the life of his community. For a number of years he was a substantial resident and active farmer of Springfield Township, and took an effective part in public life, being especially active as a member of the local school board. His work here is ended, but the effect of what he accomplished lives on, and has its influence on thse present and rising generations. Albert Tuttle was born at Vienna, Ohio, in March, 1841, a son of Zebidee and Elizabeth (Wolf) Tuttle, natives of Virginia, who at an early day came west to Ohio and located near Vienna, and spent the remainder of their lives on a farm in Springfield Township. They were most excellent people and were very highly regarded by their neighbors. Growing up on his father's farm, Albert Tuttle early learned to be useful, and while assisting his father attended the local schools. Subsequently he was a student of Wittenberg College, Springfield, Ohio. In 1868 he moved to a farm of 145 acres in Springfield Township, of which he owned eighty-one acres, and there he was engaged in agricultural pursuits until his death, which occurred on the farm. All his life he was loyal to the republican party. Early in life he united with the Presbyterian Church, and both he and his wife became honored members of the United Presbyterian Church of Springfield, of which she is still a member. On April 5, 1868, Mr. Tuttle married Miss Catherine Johnson, born in Springfield Township, September 12, 1842, a daughter of James and Nellie (Johnson) Johnson, natives of Ireland, who, following their marriage left Ireland and came directly to Ohio, locating on a farm they bought in what is now the southern part of Springfield, and here they later died. They were the parents of nine children, of whom Mrs. Tuttle is the youngest. Mr. and Mrs. Tuttle had one son, Bert Isaac Tuttle, who is agent for the Ford automobile at Springfield. He married Jessie Russell, and they have three children, namely : Albert Russell, who operates the Tuttle homestead ; Edwin Mark, who is at home ; and Nellie, who is a public school teacher. After the death of Mr. Tuttle Mrs. Tuttle moved to Springfield, where she built a fine residence at 625 South Limestone Street, and she occupies one side of the house and her son the other. She was educated in the Possum district school. A most estimable lady, she is occupied with her household and church duties, and enjoys the companionship of a congenial circle of personal friends. WALTER ANDREW SHUIRR, one of the prosperous younger business men of Springfield, owns and operates a farm and also a milk distributing station in Springfield. His home is on the Children's Home Road on Rural Route No. 3. He was born near Tremont, Clark County, in September, 1892, a son of Warren and Clara (Derr) Shuirr. His father is one of the substantial and upstanding citizens of Clark County, and a brief review of his career is given elsewhere. The son attended the Snow Hill district school, completed a course in Nelson's Business College in Springfield, and in February, 1911, 256 - SPRINGFIELD AND CLARK COUNTY married Miss Nellie Dougal. She was born at Van Wert, Ohio, daughter of John and Mary Dougal. For six months after his marriage Mr. Shuirr remained in the parental home and then, moving to Springfield, was employed for two years in the industrial plant of Robbins and Myers. He then took charge of his father's greenhouse and truck gardens for seven years. Following that he moved to a farm in Springfield Township and in connection with general farming began the operation of a dairy. On August 13, 1921, he bought a distributing milk station at 226 West Second Street, and is now both a producer and a distributor, having four wagons for distributing milk in the city and handles about three hundred gallons daily. Mr. Shuirr is independent in politics. He and Mrs. Shuirr have two children, John Arnold and Helen Louise. JAMES G. SMITH. Forty odd years of his life has James G. Smith lived in Springfield and vicinity. He has been a capable and trustworthy citizen, a good business man, and is still active as a cement contractor. He was born in Monroe County, West Virginia, April 13, 1859, son of Henry and Sarah (Smith) Smith, his father a native of West Virginia, and his mother of old Virginia. James G. Smith was educated in the common schools of his native state and was nineteen years of age when he came to Springfield. For a number of years he was engaged in farm work and part of the time he lived in German Township and was elected and served as assessor of that township. He is a democrat in politics. Since 1902 Mr. Smith has lived in Springfield, was in stone quarry work for several years, and in the meantime, in 1903, began contracting. His experience covers all phases of cement and concrete, and he has the facilities for executing promptly and efficiently any contracts in that line. He has from five to six men on his working force practically all the time. His offices are at 1132 North Plum Street. On June 30, 1880, Mr. Smith married Margaret E. Sider, who was born at Terre Haute, Ohio, daughter of Joseph and Martha (Pence) Sider, a native of Hancock County, Ohio, and her mother of Clark County. The children of Mr. and Mrs. Smith are : Harry C., of Pasadena, California, who married Dolly West ; Carrie, wife of Fred Dough-man, of Springfield ; Myrtle, Mrs. Charles Curry, of Springfield ; Gladys, of Springfield Township ; Ned 0., who lives at 1014 Lowry Avenue ; Hugh, of Youngstown, Ohio, who married Catherine Hannon ; Kenneth, of Pasadena, California ; Loren, at home ; Mildred, Mrs. Orin Strayer, of Springfield ; and Ivan, who married Gladys Selders and lives in Springfield. GEORGE STANLEY RAUP. In legal circles of Springfield a name that is well and favorably known is that of George Stanley Raup. During the ten years that he has been engaged in practice he has made rapid strides in his calling, demonstrating the possession of qualities that make him equally at home in all departments of the law. He is a native of Clark County, having been born on the family homestead in SPRINGFIELD AND CLARK COUNTY - 257 Moorefield Township, September 30, 1885, and is a son of the late Rev. G. P. Raup, a review of whose career will be found elsewhere in this work. After attending the local graded and high schools, from the latter of which he graduated as a member of the class of 1904, George Stanley Raup enrolled as a student in Wittenberg College, where he received the degree of Bachelor of Arts in 1908. He taught school one year in Iowa and one year in Illinois and then entered Harvard Law School and in 1913 received his law degree. Admitted to the bar in the same year, he began practice at Springfield in association with Paul Martin, but since 1919 has practiced alone, with offices in the Mitchell Building. He has a large and important clientele, and is ranked among the successful and able attorneys of the city. On October 31, 1918, having volunteered for service, Mr. Raup entered the Coast Artillery at Fort Totten, Long Island, and served therewith until receiving his honorable discharge, being mustered out November 30, 1918. He is a member of the Clark County Bar Association and American Bar Association and as a fraternalist belongs to Clark Lodge No. 101, Free and Accepted Masons. He also .holds membership in the Masonic and Kiwanis Clubs and the Springfield Chamber of Commerce. Mr. Raup was united in marriage with Miss Ada B. Bryant, daughter of John T. Bryant, of Springfield. A. J. DOMER, assistant secretary of the Springfield Building & Loan Association and treasurer and a director of the Avondale Realty Company of Springfield, is a native son of Clark County and descended from two of its old and honored families, the Domers and the Blacks. Mr. Domer was born on his father's farm in German Township, this county, on the 9th of January, 1888, and is a son of Martin and Sid-die M. (Black) Domer, both of whom were born in Pike Township, this county, the former on the 24th of March, 1860, and the latter on September 18, 1862, a daughter of John F. and Margaret Mary ( Mouck) Black and a descendant of Andrew Clinton Black, who was one of the pioneer settlers in Clark County. Since 1895 Mr. and Mrs. Martin Domer have maintained their residence in the City of Springfield. Adam Domer, grandfather of the subject of this sketch, was born near Baltimore, Maryland, and was a boy at the time of the family removal to Clark County, Ohio, where he passed the remainder of his life and where he became a substantial representative of farm industry. His wife whose maiden name was Gabrilla Davis, was born in Virginia, and was a child when her parents thence came to Ohio and numbered themselves among the early settlers in Clark County. After having profited by the advantages of the public schools of Springfield, A. J. Domer completed here a course in the Willis Business College, in which he was graduated in 1906. Since that year he has been continuously associated with the Springfield Building & Loan Association, and his effective service, covering a period of sixteen years, has resulted in his advancement to his present office, that of assistant secretary. Mr. Domer is president, in 1922, of the Exchange Club of Springfield, is senior warden of Anthony Lodge No. 445, Ancient Free Vol. II-17 258 - SPRINGFIELD AND CLARK COUNTY and Accepted Masons, and is affiliated with the Chapter and Council bodies of York Rite Masonry. He and his wife are communicants of the First Lutheran Church. Mr. Domer wedded Miss Bessie M. Rhonemus, daughter of Harry A. and Fannie (Frames) Rhonemus, of Springfield, and the two children of this union are Dorotha Dell, born September 5, 1910, and Donald Paul, born May 31, 1919. ALVIN LUTHER BAYLOR is secretary and a director of the James Leffel Company, one of the oldest and most prosperous manufacturing institutions in the City of Springfield. He entered the service of the business more than thirty-five years ago and experience and study have brought him up from the ranks to be one of the executive officials. Mr. Baylor is a native of Clark County, born on a farm in German Township, January 1, 1866. His grandfather, John Baylor, came to Ohio from York County, Pennsylvania, and was a farmer in German Township until a few years prior to his death, when he removed to Kansas, and he died in that state. He married Catherine Ferree, of York County, Pennsylvania. William Baylor, father of the Springfield manufacturer, was born in York County, Pennsylvania, in 1842. He was a boy when he came with his parents to Clark County. The family made its journey from Pennsylvania over the mountains with wagons and teams. William Baylor was for a long period of years one of Clark County's active agriculturists. He lived in German Township for some years and later on a farm in Mad River Township for twenty years, and then removed to Springfield, where he died in 1910. William Baylor married Malinda Pence, who was born in the Shenandoah Valley of Virginia, daughter of Solomon and Caroline (Zerkle) Pence. She died in 1914. Alvin L. Baylor spent his early life on his father's farm in German and Mad River townships. He acquired a common and high school education. In 1885, at the age of nineteen, he came to Springfield and soon went to work in the offices of the James Leffel Company as a stenographer. He rapidly familiarized himself with the varied details of the industry and in 1890 took over the management of the engine and boiler department of the company. His service continued, and in 1916 he was elected secretary of the company and one of the board of directors. Next to B. F. Kauffman, the treasurer of the company, Mr. Baylor is now in point of continuous service the oldest man in the business. Hard work, faithfulness and the ability to adapt himself to the changing conditions of the business have brought him success, and he is the type of man who makes such a community as Springfield an important center of industry. Mr. Baylor is a member of the Chamber of Commerce, is a charter member of the Y. M. C. A., is a member and the secretary of the board of trustees of the First Congregational Church, and is affiliated with Clark Lodge No. 101, Free and Accepted Masons, Palestine Commandery No. 33, K. T., Antioch Temple of the Mystic Shrine at Dayton, and Red Star Lodge No. 205 Knights of Pythias. Mr. Baylor married in 1889 Miss Amelia Smith, who was born in Mad River Township of Clark County, daughter of Adolphus A. and SPRINGFIELD AND CLARK COUNTY - 259 Sarah (Shellabarger) Smith. Mr. and Mrs. Baylor have three children, Helen Lucile, Alvin Smith and Paul Brannock. The daughter, Helen, is the wife of Frank E. Dock, formerly of Logansport, Indiana, now of Springfield, and they were graduated in the same class from Wittenberg College. The son Alvin is in the service of the James Leffel Company. The son Paul is a graduate of Wittenberg College and is now an employe of the James Leffel Company. J. HOWARD LITTLETON. Considering that the building up of a great city and a prosperous community depends so largely upon its substantial manufacturing enterprises, Springfield is to be congratulated upon the number that find a home here, the products of which carry her name and fame far and wide over the country. An old and stable concern of this kind is the Springfield Paper and Merchandise Company, of which J. Howard Littleton is general manager, treasurer and member of the Board of Directors. Mr. Littleton was born in Greene County, Ohio, and is a son of Burr and Hannah (Sparks) Littleton. Burr Littleton was born in Maryland in 1831, and was sixteen years old when he accompanied his parents to Greene County, Ohio. In early manhood he followed farming, and later became interested in the manufacture of paper at Clifton, Ohio, in association with Col. David King, who is now president of the Springfield Paper and Merchandise Company. In 1887 Burr Littleton came to Springfield, where he was engaged in the grocery business for a number of years. Throughout his entire life he was deeply interested in the work of the Methodist Episcopal Church, serving as a church trustee while a resident of Clifton, and being equally active after coming to Springfield. Convinced that the Sunday School was the nursery of the church, he devoted himself to its upbuilding and efficiency, teaching the older Bible class until in his eighty-first year, and serving up to his eightieth year as superintendent of the Sunday School. In this office he was succeeded by his daughter Buretta, who is an instructor in the Springfield High School. He married Hannah Sparks, who survives. She was born in Clark County, Ohio, in 1835, a daughter of Ephraim Sparks, an early settler, who passed the last twenty years of his life in Springfield. For sixty years Mr. Littleton was a member of the Odd Fellows. J. Howard Littleton, who is one of Springfield's representative men in many ways, grew up in Greene County and attended the public schools of Clifton. In June, 1882, he became office boy for the Springfield Paper and Merchandise Company, with which concern he has been identified ever since, advancing from one position to another, for twelve years representing the business on the road, and in 1897 was made general manager and treasurer, and also a member of the directing board. From the first Mr. Littleton showed enterprise and the ability to make the most of his opportunities, and this proof of essential business qualities gave assurance of success in this field. Although Mr. Littleton has devoted himself closely to the development of his business, he has found time to concern himself with civic affairs, as he deems the duty of a good citizen, and in the encouragement and promotion of enterprises which work for the general welfare Like his father, he has always been interested in church and Sunday School, 260 - SPRINGFIELD AND CLARK COUNTY and as a member of the First English Lutheran Church and served that church for nineteen years as Sunday School superintendent. For a time he was chairman of the board of the Clark County Sunday School Association, and is still active in that work. His influence and labors for the Y. M. C. A. and the Y. W. C. A. have been notable and untiring. In March, 1922, he accepted the responsibility of captain of one of the teams in the drive which resulted in raising $30,000 for the Y. W. C. A., in 1920 having served as captain in the drive that brought in a fund of $500,000 for Wittenberg College. In December, 1894, Mr. Littleton married Miss Anna Gelsenliter, who was born at Springfield and is a daughter of Andrew Gelsenliter, who for many years was connected with the International Harvester Company at Springfield. Mr. and Mrs. Littleton have two sons : Kenneth H. and J. Luther. Kenneth H. Littleton after graduating from Wittenberg College took the La Salle (Chicago) course in accounting, and afterward entered the University of Pennsylvania, where he completed the Wharton School of Finance course. He is now a member of the Fidelity Sales Company of Springfield. J. Luther Littleton after graduating from Wittenberg College became associated with the Springfield Paper and Merchandising Company. He married Miss Lois Sharp, and they have one son, J. Luther, Jr. Mr. Littleton has always been consistently interested in education, morals and commerce, but not to any undue extent in political life. He is an active member of the Chamber of Commerce and was a charter member of the old Board of Trade. He belongs to the Kiwanis Club. WILLIAM HENRY SIEVERLING. Prominent among the public servants of Clark County who are rendering efficient and conscientious service in positions of responsibility and trust is William Henry Sieverling, county surveyor and resident engineer of the State Highway Department. One of the well-known civil engineers of Ohio, during a long and active career he has been engaged in the completion of a number of important projects, and at the time of his acceptance of the office of county suveyor, in 1916, was the head of a large and prosperous contracting business. He is generally recognized as one of Clark County's most efficient and useful officials. Mr. Sieverling was born at Cincinnati, Ohio, April 29, 1865, a son of the late Frederick A. and Maria (Niemeyer) Sieverling, natives of the principality of Brunswick, Germany. The parents were married in the old country and came to the United States in 1861. Their passage, on a sailing vessel, was booked for Baltimore, Maryland, but when the vessel arrived off that point they found the city quarantined and the landing was accordingly made instead at Baton Rouge, Louisiana. Frederick A. Sieverling was an architect and builder, having learned his profession in Germany, and after reaching this country applied himself to that kind of work. He followed his vocation at Leavenworth Kansas ; Kansas City, Missouri ; Cincinnati, Ohio, and in other cities between Cincinnati and New Orleans, and on reaching Cincinnati made permanent settlement. He built many large business houses, public buildings, churches and other structures in the Queen City of the West, and was for several years superintendent of construction and maintenance for the Board of Edu- SPRINGFIELD AND CLARK COUNTY - 261 cation of that city. Later in life he became superintendent of bridges of the Santa Fe Railway, and while in the line of duty, in 1887, met his death in an accident. His widow survived until 1901. William Henry Sieverling was reared at Cincinnati, where he graduated from the old Woodward High School, and then pursued an engineering course at the University of Cincinnati. He left college to take employment on the survey and construction of the Cincinnati Southern Railway (Q. & C.), then building, and was next with Anderson & Hobby, engineers of Cincinnati, a concern with which he remained until its dissolution. His next connection was with Colonel Anderson, who succeeded the former firm for several years, being engaged in engineering and construction work in large plants at different points throughout the country, although continuing to maintain his residence at Cincinnati. In 1890 Mr. Sieverling became engineer in charge of construction of Thomas W. Lawson's Grand River Coal, Iron and Improvement Company, at a point between the mouth of the Cumberland and Tennessee rivers ; subsequently was in service with the Chesapeake & Ohio Railway Company, building bridges, etc. ; then went to the Baltimore & Ohio Southwestern Railway, in similar work ; and later moved to Anderson, Indiana, where he surveyed several routes which were later incorporated into the Indiana Traction Company. In 1895 Mr. Sieverling came to Springfield, and in that year took service with the Ohio Southern Railway, building viaducts and installing the interlocking system at Quincy, Ohio, after which he built the yards at Lima, Ohio, eventually becoming engineer of maintenance of way of that road, with residence at Springfield. He was next with the syndicate which built the Detroit, Lima & Northern Railway from Lima to Detroit, as engineer of maintenance of way, with residence at Detroit, and later was transferred to Springfield. Mr. Sieverling subsequently was prevailed upon to accept the position of city engineer of Springfield, which he held between eight and nine years. On leaving the above office he engaged in contracting, and continued therein until 1916 when he was elected county surveyor, which office he is still holding, having been twice reelected. Mr. Sieverling is a member of the Ohio Engineering Society, associate member of the American Association of Engineers, and a member of the Contractors Association of Ohio and the Association of Northwestern Ohio County Surveyors. Fraternally he is affiliated with Anthony Lodge No. 455, F. and A. M. ; Palestine Commandery No. 33, K. T. ; Dayton Consistory, S. R., thirty-second degree ; and Antioch Temple, A. A. O. N. M. S., and the Fraternal Order of Eagles. He belongs also to the Springfield Chamber of Commerce, and is a member of the Board of Trustees of Central Methodist Episcopal Church, which edifice he built. Mr. Sieverling married Miss Kate Helen Stoll, the daughter of John Stoll, of Piqua, Ohio, and to their union there have been born two sons : John Walter and Paul Adolph. John Walter Sieverling graduated from Springfield High School, Wharton School of Finance and Commerce (University of Pennsylvania), specializing in advertising, and is now engaged in that business at Chicago. During the World war he went overseas with the Three Hundred and Twenty-fourth Heavy Artillery, Eighty-third Division, and upon arriving in France was assigned to 262 - SPRINGFIELD AND CLARK COUNTY training in the Camouflage School, after which he was detailed to the French Camouflage Division. Later he was detailed in the same line of work and as interpreter with the Army of Occupation. He returned to this country June 1, 1920, and received his honorable discharge. Paul Adolph Sieverling was graduated from the Ohio State University with the degree of Civil Engineer, and is now assistant division engineer in the State Highway Department. He enlisted in the United States Navy during the World war and was assigned to the Ensign Training School. He was still receiving instruction in that school when the armistice was signed, but was detained in the navy until September, 1921. GEORGE ERNEST IRELAND. A capable, broad-minded, well-balanced man, always master of himself and knowing how to be firm and resolute, and possessing the absolute confidence of his associates, George Ernest Ireland has risen to a position of prominence among the business men of Springfield, where he is general manager of The Steel Products Engineering Company. He is a native of the Buckeye State, having been born at Greenfield, Highland County, Ohio, February 23, 1884, and is a son of Matthew Owen and Margaret L. (Simmison) Ireland. Matthew Owen Ireland was born on the home farm in Ross County, Ohio, August 3, 1850, a son of George L. Ireland, who was also born in Ross County, on a farm located between Good Hope and Chillicothe. He was a son of Silas Ireland, the Ohio pioneer of the family, who came from Eastern Pennsylvania. The mother of George E. Ireland was born in Ross County, January 19, 1855, a daughter of John Simmison, who came from Maryland and settled in Linden Township, the home community of the Irelands, and there passed his remaining years in agricultural pursuits. In 1886 the parents of George E. Ireland moved from Ross County to Washington Court House, Ohio, and from that point the father was for many years a traveling salesman for an agricultural implement firm. Subsequently he engaged in the manufacture of acetylene gas generators, a business in which he became quite successful, and he and his worthy wife are still residents of Washington Court House, where they have many friends and are held in high esteem and regard. George E. Ireland's father had two brothers, both prominent physicians of Washington Court House, Ohio. One, Dr. Stephen A. Ireland, now deceased, was a bachelor. The other, Dr. W. E. Ireland, married and is still living, but retired from active life. George Ernest Ireland was but two years of age when taken by his parents to Washington Court House, and there his education was acquired in the public schools. He graduated from the high school in 1904, following which he pursued a course in the International Correspondence Training School, and began his independent career in the employ of the Ludlow Soap Manufacturing Company at Washington Court House. He passed through the various departments, and through integrity, industry and fidelity, with accumulating ability, won promotion finally to the post of assistant bookkeeper. In 1906 Mr. Ireland resigned his position to enter the employ of the Davis Sewing Machine Company at Dayton, Ohio, and later was in the drafting room of the Recording and Computing Machine Company of that city, during which time he designed computing and banking machines which were very SPRINGFIELD AND CLARK COUNTY - 263 intricate and complex, remaining with that concern from 1907 to 1911 and passing from the drafting room into the experimental department and to Chief Engineer. In 1911 he opened an engineering office at Dayton, handling the designing of special automatic machinery and equipment, and in the spring of 1914 became president and general manager of the City Engineering Company of Dayton. In the following fall he became assistant superintendent of the Dayton Fare Recording Company, and in the spring of 1916 became general manager of the International Engineering Company of the same city, remaining with that concern until the fall of 1917, when he became identified with The Gem City Machine Company. In the fall of 1918 he came to Springfield as general manager of The Steel Products Engineering Company, a position which he still retains. In addition to general manager, he is now assistant secretary and one of the Directors to the Directorate. From the fall of 1917 to the fall of 1918 Mr. Ireland represented his company in government contract work pertaining to war supplies at Washington, District of Columbia. He also has since the war engineered many large development projects for some of the largest manufacturers in the county. The company designs and constructs all kind of special equipment and machinery for saving labor, increasing production and cutting cost, as well as giving interchangeability. Mr. Ireland has with his organization closed and fulfilled many contracts for the government even in times of peace and has been of great value to the Government in the development of aeronautical equipment, engines, etc. The Steel Products Company having designed and sold to the Government several of their own engines. Mr. Ireland is a member of the American Society of Mechanical Engineers, vice president of the Springfield Engineers' Club, a member of the Dayton Engineers' Club and of the Columbus Engineers' Club, and on the advisory staff of McCook's Aviation Field at Dayton. He also holds membership in the Springfield Chamber of Commerce, the Springfield Athletic Club, the Springfield Automobile Club, the Springfield Kiwanas Club, the Dayton Shrine Club ; Mystic Lodge No. 405, Free and Accepted Masons, of Dayton ; Dayton Consistory, Scottish Rite, thirty-second degree, and Antioch Temple, A. A. 0. N. M. S., of Dayton. CALVIN A. HORR. To the list of worth-while men now passed away who had much to do with the upbuilding of Springfield as a business center and desirable place of residence, no name had more right to be added than that of the late Calvin A. Horr, who for many years was honorably identified with Springfield interests. He was a successful business man and an exemplary, broad-minded, generous citizen. Calvin A. Horr was born at Denmark, New York, August 9, 1818, and died at Springfield, Ohio, January 21, 1873, a son of Jacob and Elizabeth Horr. He married, December 11, 1845, Elizabeth Morgan, who was born in the City of London, England, February 29, 1820, and died at Springfield, January 4, 1913. She was a daughter of Thomas and Mary (Edwards) Morgan, natives of North Wales. In 1832 Thomas Morgan brought his family from London to the United States, crossing the Atlan- 264 - SPRINGFIELD AND CLARK COUNTY tic Ocean in a sailing vessel which landed them safely in the port of New York. After a short stay there they came to Ohio and settled at Mechanicsburg, in Champaign County, and it was there that their daughter was married to Calvin A. Horr. She survived him many years. A capable, resourceful, intelligent woman, she made her presence felt in every community in which her long life was spent. To the last she was interested in all the wonderful changes taking place about her, and had a fair understanding of political questions. On many occasions during subsequent presidential campaigns she told of having, in girlhood, come with others from Mechanicsburg to Springfield to witness the great demonstration made when Gen. William Henry Harrison visited this city during his campaign. Upon coming to Ohio Calvin A. Horr established himself in the dry goods business at Mechanicsburg. Later he became secretary and treasurer of the Springfield, Mount Vernon and Pittsburgh Railway Company, with which he was identified for several years, and the rest of his life was spent at Springfield. When he retired from the railroad business he embarked in the wholesale grocery business, as a member of the firm of Wright, Horr & Bacon (the junior member being Charles H. Bacon), and later Horr & Bacon, this firm for years being leaders in its line at Springfield. In the meanwhile Mr. Horr had judiciously invested in real estate, and at the time of his death this was very valuable, and, with his other interests in favorable condition, enabled him to leave his family a large estate. He was more of a business man than politician, but he was always deeply concerned in his city's welfare, and to the utmost of his ability performed every recognized civic duty. He belonged to the Masonic fraternity and also to the Odd Fellows. Mrs. Laura H. Harshman, daughter of Calvin A. and Elizabeth (Morgan) Horr, was born and educated at Springfield, and with the exception of a few years has made this her life-long home. On March 17, 1870, she was united in marriage with Jonathan Harshman, Jr., who was born at Harshmanville, Montgomery County, Ohio, February 1, 1849, and was a son of Joseph and Caroline (Protzman) Harshman, pioneers in Montgomery County. Joseph Harshman operated a flour mill at Osborn, in Montgomery County, for many years. After completing his course at Wittenberg College Jonathan Harshman married, and then took over his father's milling interests at Osborn, which he successfully conducted until his death, March 15, 1874. Mrs. Harshman returned then to Springfield, where the large estate left her by her father required her attention. She has a wide circle of friends here and has numerous social interests and also devotes much time and means to benevolent movements and charitable purposes. She has long been a member of Christ Episcopal Church. BENJAMIN FREDERICK KAUFFMAN had the good fortune when a boy, soon after leaving school, to enter the service of one of Springfield's oldest and best known business institutions, the James Leffel & Company, and by continuous service, with increasing responsibilities, is now the oldest active member of the organization and treasurer and director of the company. Mr. Kauffman was born February 27, 1867, at Alpha in Greene County, Ohio, son of Benjamin and Mary (Fish) Kauffman. The SPRINGFIELD AND CLARK COUNTY - 265 Kauffmans were an old family of Lancaster County, Pennsylvania, where his grandparents, Michael and Katharine (Seitz) Kauffman, were both born. Michael Kauffman was born in 1789 and his wife in 1793. She was six years of age when General Washington died, and she always remembered the scenes and incidents attendant upon the death of the father of our country. Benjamin Kauffman was born October 18, 1834, at what is now the corner of High and York streets in Springfield. He became a woolen manufacturer, and was conducting a business of that kind at Springfield, with William Rabbitt, during the Civil war. In 1866 he removed to Alpha, Greene County, where he continued woolen manufacture until 1870, and until 1872 continued in the same industry at Spring Valley, Ohio, and then at St. Mary's Ohio, until 1877, when he returned to Springfield. Benjamin Kauffman died at Lawrenceville in Clark County in April, 1819. His wife, Mary Fish, was born at Dayton, Ohio, July 9, 1838, daughter of William Fish, of English ancestry. She died in 1911. Benjamin Frederick Kauffman acquired his early education in the public schools of St. Mary's and Springfield. The brief business experience he had before entering James Leffel & Company was as a messenger boy for six months in the Western Union Telegraph Company's office and then for a similar time as clerk in the telegraph office. In February, 1883, at the age of sixteen, he became an office boy for James Leffel & Company. Three years later he was promoted to bookkeeper. All the men officially identified with the business or as employes when he entered it are now gone, and he is the oldest man in the organization. Besides his official place in this well-known establishment he is a director in the Springfield Savings Bank, and is financially interested in several other enterprises. Mr. Kauffman was vice president of the Chamber of Commerce at the time of its reorganization, and he took a leading part in the work which placed the chamber on its present successful footing. He is president of the Springfield Traffic Association, is a director of the Y. M. C. A., a member of the Lagonda and Rotary clubs, and is a member of the Board of Deacons of the Covenant Presbyterian Church. On April 30, 1901, Mr. Kauffman married F. Maude Mattison, who was born near Bennington, Vermont, daughter of Leland J. and Sarah L. (Stafford) Mattison. Mr. and Mrs. Kauffman have one son, Frederick Mattison Kauffman, born June 18, 1902, now in his junior year at Wittenberg College. FRANK R. PACKHAM. The late Frank R. Packham, inventor, mechanical expert and man of affairs, was one of Springfield's most noted figures, one whose success gained him not only prominence all over this country and abroad, but also contributed materially to the prestige of his home city. He was born May 11, 1855, at Hadley, Michigan, a son of Patrick and Clarinda (Green) Packham, the former a native of England and the latter of New Hampshire. Patrick Packham was born at Lewes, County Sussex, and came with his parents to the United States when he was but ten years of age. He became a wheelwright by trade and later a miller, and from Michigan, where he had settled, removed to Canada, but in 1873 returned to the United States and settled at Springfield, later 266 - SPRINGFIELD AND CLARK COUNTY removing to Liberty Center, Henry County, Ohio, where he owned and operated a flour mill and where both he and his wife died. Frank R. Packham left school when he was a boy of fourteen years, and while the family was residing at Guelph, Canada, began to learn the trade of machinist, for which he showed peculiar and even remarkable adaptation. His first work at Springfield was with the old Warder, Mitchell & Glessner Company (now a part of the International Harvester Company's plant), and in 1875 he entered the employ of the Baker Drill Company at Mechanicsburg, Ohio, as superintendent and expert machinist. When that company, a modest one, went out of business Mr. Pack-ham opened a shop for the manufacture of tinners' tools and a stovepipe crimper, the latter bearing his name. This article, which, like his tinners' tools, was his own invention, is still on the market and enjoys a good sale. Closing out his business at Mechanicsburg, he returned to Springfield and entered the drafting room of the Superior Drill Company, and in 1903 when that company through succession or reorganization became the American Seeding Machine Company, he was put in charge of the experimental department as expert mechanic and inventor, and remained in those positions until his death. As an inventor with the above company Mr. Packham was instrumental in revolutionizing and modernizing the grain-drill business of the world. As an inventor and mechanical expert he contributed numerous improvements to various agricultural implements now in use all over the world, and as a missionary, or salesman, he twice went abroad in the interests of his company, one trip including England, Germany, France, Ireland and Russia, and the other including Honolulu, Japan and other points in Asia. He took out upwards of sixty patents covering his inventions and upwards of 150 patents on improvements, all of which proved their worth. He was a most remarkable man, remarkable for rare mechanical ingenuity, inventive genius, executive ability and good business ideas, added to which were originality and an artistic temperament, truly a remarkable combination of talent and ability. When the Japanese Government sent a commission to the United States, the Cincinnati Board of Trade selected Mr. Packham to represent the State of Ohio, and with the commission he toured this country. Mr. Packham continued with the American Seeding Machine Company until his death, which occurred New Year's Day, 1915. He was at one time vice president of the Springfield Commercial Club, was a charter member of the Springfield Country Club, and a member of the Lagonda Club. Fraternally he was affiliated with Clark Lodge No. 101, F. and A. M. Dayton Consistory, S. R., thirty-second degree, and Antioch Temple, Ancient Arabic Order Nobles of the Mystic Shrine. On July 13, 1875, Mr. Packham was united in marriage with Miss Maxmilla Mouser, who was born near Urbana, Champaign County, Ohio, the daughter of Thomas Kenton and Mary Catherine (Thomas) Mouser. During the Civil war Thomas Mouser enlisted in the Twenty-fourth Regiment, Ohio Volunteer Infantry, and was wounded at the battle of Chickamauga, where he was taken prisoner and died of his wounds in the prison at Weldon, North Carolina, in 1864. His wife, Mary Catherine, was born near Xenia, Greene County, Ohio, the daughter of Archibald and Catherine (Swimley) Thomas. The Thomas and Swimley SPRINGFIELD AND CLARK COUNTY - 267 families came to Ohio from Virginia. To Mr. and Mrs. Packham children were born as follows : Lewis Thomas, who died at the age of one and one-half years ; Charles M., educated in the public schools and at Wittenberg College, and now identified with the automobile business in New York City, who married Miss Edith Kleckner, of Lynchburg, Ohio, also a graduate of Wittenberg College, and has two daughters, Susannah and Mary Catherine ; Florence C., who married Parkman C. Leffel, of Springfield ; and Jane, who attended Wittenberg College and is now a teacher in the public schools of Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania. MITCHELL WAGNER RAUP. The spirit of business enterprise that leads to constant service and endeavor is notably manifested at Springfield by men of worth who have spent their lives here and have achieved substantial place and recognition of merit from their fellow citizens. Naturally men who have steadily advanced in the business world are not weaklings, their steady efforts have made them strong, financially and otherwise. This may be ref erred to in times when inactivity instead of conscientious industry seems acceptable in every section of the country. A busy, useful business career has been that of Mitchell Wagner Raup, who is secretary and treasurer and also a member of the board of directors of the Springfield Metallic Casket Company of Springfield. Mr. Raup was born at Constantine, Saint Joseph County, Michigan, June 9, 1879, and is a son of Rev. Gustavus P. and Fanny M. Raup, the family history being given in another part of this work. Mitchell Wagner Raup spent his boyhood on a farm inn Moorefield Township, Clark County, Ohio, and attended the country schools. Later he became a student in Wittenberg College, taking a course of two years in the preparatory department and then the regular college course of f our years, when he was graduated with the degree of A. B. Mr. Raup then found his inclinations turning in the direction of a business career, and to qualify himself for the same he took a full commercial course in a business college at Springfield. In 1898 he entered upon his independent business career and from that time until the present has been continuously identified with important Springfield interests. He entered first the advertising department of Mast, Crowell & Kirkpatrick, now the Crowell Publishing Company, going from there to the Warder, Bushnell & Glessner Company, as cashier's clerk, continuing as such until this company was consolidated with the International Harvester Company, when he became cashier of the Springfield plant. In 1903 Mr. Raup joined the organization of the Springfield Metallic Casket Company as assistant treasurer. Subsequently he was made treasurer and in 1917 was elected secretary-treasurer. He has been a member of the board of directors of this company since 1907. Mr. Raup married, May 1, 1903, Miss Margaret Detwiler, who is a daughter of Christian Detwiler formerly a resident of Urbana, Ohio, who removed to Chicago, Illinois, where he was in a general contracting business until his death in 1901. Mr. and Mrs. Raup have three daughters: Mary M., born April 12, 1904 ; Fannie L., born December 4, 1906 and Grace E., born January 24, 1908. Mr. Raup and family belong 268 - SPRINGFIELD AND CLARK COUNTY to the Presbyterian Church. He is a member of Clark Lodge No. 101, Free and Accepted Masons ; Dayton Consistory, thirty-second degree, and Antioch Temple, Mystic Shrine. He belongs also to the Masonic Club and to the Chamber of Commerce. FRANK L. MCDONALD. The career of Frank L. McDonald, of Springfield, has been one in which he has followed several lines of activity, in all of which he has made a success. He has been successively merchant, farmer and institution head, and at the present time is acting in the capacity of superintendent of the Odd Fellows Home at Springfield, a position which he has held since 1919. Mr. McDonald is well and favorably known both in business annd fraternal circles, and possesses the reputation of a man of industry, integrity and thorough capability. Frank L. McDonald was born on a farm near Wilmington, Ohio, November 17, 1871, and is a son of James W. and Sarah (Thatcher) McDonald, natives of Clinton County, Ohio. James W. McDonald was born in October, 1844, and was reared to the pursuits of agriculture, which he followed uninterruptedly until 1886. In that year he disposed of his farm and removed to Wilmington, there entering the meat business as a retailer, a line in which he continued until his death in 1906. Mr. McDonald was a good citizen and a man of proven integrity, and his death removed from this community one who had always been a supporter of constructive and public-spirited movements. He married Miss Sarah Thatcher, who was born in September, 1843, a daughter of Joseph and Deborah (Hadley) Thatcher, both natives of Clinton County, Ohio, where Mrs. McDonald was reared and received her education in the public schools. Frank L. McDonald received his early education in the country schools in the vicinity of his father's farm, and later completed a course at the high school at Wilmington, to which city the family had moved when he was fifteen years of age. Mr. McDonald left high school in 1891 to enter the furniture and undertaking business at Wilmington, in a partnership, under the firm style of Halliday & McDonald. He continued in this business until 1893, when he sold out his interest and joined a Mr. Gallup in the house furnishing business, the firm name being Gallup & McDonald. This venture proved a successful one but of ter four years Mr. McDonald's health failed and he disposed of his interest and sought the country in which to recuperate, purchasing a farm in the vicinity of Wilmington. This he operated for five years, during which time he fully recovered his health, and in 1913 sold his farm and became superintendent of the County Infirmary at Clinton. He held this position until 1919, when he came to Springfield to accept the superintendency of the Odd Fellows Home, a position which he holds at this time. On September 18, 1895, Mr. McDonald was united in marriage with Miss Fanny M. Doam, who was born March 13, 1872, at Wilmington, Ohio, a daughter of Judge A. W. and Martha G. (Taylor) Doam. Judge Doam sat on the bench of the Common- Pleas Court of Clinton County for fif teen years, and was one of the best known and most highly respected men of his day and locality. During the Civil war he served SPRINGFIELD AND CLARK COUNTY - 269 gallantly as colonel of the Seventy-ninth Regiment, Ohio Volunteer Infantry. To Mr. and Mrs. McDonald two children have been born : Margery, born November 30, 1903, who is now in her second year at Wilmington College ; and Gerald, born June 5, 1905, now in the junior year of the Springfield High School. Mr. McDonald is a member of the Encampment branch of Odd Fellows, the Patriarch Militant and the Daughters of Rebekah. He also holds membership in the Masonic Blue Lodge ; Wilmington Chapter No. 52, R. A. M. ; the Scottish Rite at Dayton ; and the Eastern Star. He and Mrs. McDonald are members of the Friends Church at Wilmington. HENRY BRETNEY was an honored pioneer who wielded large and helpful influence in connection with the early civic and business interests of Springfield and Clark County. He was born at Hagerstown, Maryland, and was a young man when he came to Clark County and established his residence at Springfield, in the '20s. He here conducted a general merchandise store, as did he also at Yellow Springs and North Lewisburg. He also bent his energies to the development of a farm in Clark County and he would have been a wealthy man had he ref rained from endorsing notes for his friends—obligations which he had to meet and that greatly reduced his material holdings. Books still in existence disclose the fact that Mr. Bretney established here a tannery that was a rather pretentious one for the day, the same having been situated on the site of the present Bretney Tannery, 222 East Main Street, Springfield. The original tannery on this site was outside of the village limits and the National Road had not then been constructed, the location having been adopted by Mr. Bretney by reason of the excellent springs in the immediate vicinity. The water from these springs was piped to the tannery and because of its peculiar mineral constituency proved specially adapted to leather making. It is interesting to record that the water from these springs is still used by the extensive Bretney Tannery of the present day, an advantage that more than compensates for the lack of a railway siding. In the early days, owing to the diminutive supply of money in circulation, the tannery was operated on the per contra trading plan then in vogue. Henry Bretney was thoroughly versed in the science and practical details of the tanning business, his father and grandfather having been tanners, and his son and grandson having continued the operation of the tannery which he founded at Springfield, Harry V. Bretney being of the fifth generation in direct line to be actively associated with the tanning industry. Henry Bretney continued as one of the representative business men and honored citizens of Springfield until his death in 1869. He married Lucinda Van Meter. Their son, Charles Van Meter Henry Bretney, was born in the family homestead, on the opposite side of the street from the tannery, in the year 1836. When the son was five years old the family removed to a farm near Catawba, this county, and there he was reared to the age of twelve years, the family having returned to Springfield in 1848 and Charles having here completed his youthful education by attending Wittenberg College. He became actively associated with the operation of the tannery, and of ter the death of his father became the owner of the 270 - SPRINGFIELD AND CLARK COUNTY business, which he successfully continued until his death, December 5, 1893. He served as a member of the City Council and was a member of the old Neptune volunteer fire department. Mr. Bretney was a man of indefatigable energy and devoted himself assiduously to his business, which he developed to one of broad scope and substantial prosperity. His wife, whose maiden name was Josephine Clark, was born in Virginia and was a child when she made the overland journey with her parents to Ohio, before the era of railroads, the family home having been established in Champaign County. Mr. and Mrs. Bretney were among the first members of the High Street Methodist Episcopal Church and were zealous in its work. Of their nine children seven are living at the time of this writing, in 1922 ; Lee Clark, eldest of the number, is deceased ; Harry V. was next in order of birth ; Lucy is the wife of Ralph B. Miller ; Sallie is deceased ; Charles W. is a resident of New York City ; and Leontine, Clara, Ralph C. and Josephine continued their residence at Springfield. Harry V. and Ralph C. Bretney continue the operation of the pioneer tannnery established by their grandfather, and their brother-in-law, Ralph B. Miller, is treasurer of the company. Most of the other children of the family retain stock in the business. The devoted mother passed to the life eternal February 13, 1912. HARRY V. BRETNEY was born at Springfield on the 3rd of September, 1869, the year in which occurred the death of his paternal grandfather. His early education was obtained in the public schools and Wittenberg College, and during his entire adult life he has been actively associated with the tanning business established by his grandfather. He is now president and general manager of the Bretney Tannery, the concern being one of the important industrial corporations of Springfield and its history having been one of consecutive and successful operation from the time of its inception. Mr. Bretney belongs to all the Masonic bodies. He is a member of representative clubs and other social organizations in his native city, is a republican in political allegiance, was for six years a member of the board of trustees of the Springfield City Hospital, and was president of the board for three years of this period. He was active and influential in patriotic service in connection with the various local movements during the nation's participation in the World war. His wife and daughter are active members of the Episcopal Church. On the 16th of June, 1909, Mr. Bretney married Miss Juliet Webb, and they have one daughter, Adelaide. AUGUSTUS N. SUMMERS, a former justice of the Supreme Court of Ohio, retired from the bench of this tribunal on the 1st of January, 1911, and has since been engaged in the general practice of his prof ession at Springfield, where he is one of the distinguished members of the Clark County bar. Judge Summers was born at Shelby, Richland County, Ohio, on the 13th of June, 1856, and is a son of Rev. Daniel and Louisa (Hine) Summers. Rev. Daniel Summers was born on a farm near Waynesboro, Pennsylvania, and in the '40s he became a student in Wittenberg SPRINGFIELD AND CLARK COUNTY - 271 College at Springfield, Ohio. In the theological department of this old and honored Lutheran College he was duly graduated and of ter his ordination as a clergyman of the Lutheran Church he became pastor of a church of this denomination at Jeffersonville, Kentucky, this initial charge having been followed by his incumbency of pastorates in various other states of the Union, including Ohio. He was a man of fine intellectuality, and in his high calling labored long, earnestly and effectively. At Shelby, Ohio, judge Summers gained his preliminary education in the public schools, and he was twelve years old at the time of the family removal to Vandalia, this state, where he continued his studies until, in company with his brother Jacob, he entered his father's alma mater, Wittenberg College. Jacob was graduated as a member of the class of 1879, as was also Augustus N. Jacob became a minister of the Lutheran Church and continued his active services as a clergyman until the time of his death. After his graduation in the college Judge Summers began reading law under the preceptorship of Samuel A. Bowman, who was at that time one of the leading lawyers engaged in practice at Springfield. In 1881 Judge Summers was admitted to the bar of his native state and was admitted to partnership with his former and honored preceptor, under the firm name of Bowman & Summers. In 1885 he was elected city solicitor of Springfield and by re-election he continued the incumbent of this office three consecutive terms. In 1894 he was elected judge of the Circuit Court of the Second Circuit and in 1900 he was re-elected. His service on the circuit bench was marked by fine judicial discernment and broad and accurate knowledge of law and precedent. The high reputation which he gained on the circuit bench brought to him distinguished recognition in his second term, for, in 1903, he was elected a member of the Supreme Court of the state, to assume which office he resigned his position on the bench of the Circuit Court. In his seven years of service as a justice of the Supreme Court he made an admirable record that is now a part of the judicial history of this state. Judge Summers is a staunch and effective advocate of the principles of the republican party, he is president of the Springfield Country Club at the time of this writing, the winter of 1921-22, and is affiliated with the Phi Kappa Psi College fraternity. On the 17th of November, 1887, was solemnized the marrIage of Judge Summers and Miss Nellie Thomas, daughter of the late Hon. John H. Thomas, of Springfield, to whom a memoir is dedicated on other pages of this work. Judge and Mrs. Summers have three children : Thomas B., Daniel and Virginia. Both of the sons are graduates of Yale University and both were in the nation's military service in the World war period. Thomas B. attended the Officers' Training Camp at Augusta, Georgia, was assigned to the artillery branch of the service, but was not called to active duty overseas. He gained the rank of captain, as did also his brother Daniel, who was captain of a command of engineers and who was in active service in France for somewhat more than a year. JOSEPH M. COLLINS. There is no more exacting profession than that of the educator, for past is the day when anyone can be accepted as 272 - SPRINGFIELD AND CLARK COUNTY a teacher. The training for this work is long and arduous, and the conscientious educator never ceases to be a student, but keeps on adding to his store of knowledge and improving his methods of imparting instruction and awakening in his pupils a desire to learn. The people of Clark County have long realized the necessity of placing able men and women in charge of educational matters, and in their selection of Joseph M. Collins as superintendent of their public schools they took a stand which has resulted in very admirable progress, for he is one of the leaders in his calling in the state, and a man of such compelling personality as to gain the confidence of his teachers and pupils alike. Joseph M. Collins was born on a farm in German Township, Clark County, Ohio, July 23, 1876, a son of Joseph H. and Mary E. (Rockel) Collins, and a grandson of Jerome and Margaret (Burress) Collins, the latter a cousin of President James Madison. The antecedents of the Collins family date back to Scotland, but their advent in this country took place when it was still a dependency of Great Britain. Members of the Collins family served in the American Revolution. Their home was in Virginia, and it was from Culpeper County, that state, that Jerome Collins and his family came to Ohio, living first in Champaign County. After a short time, however, they came to Clark County, which continued to be their permanent home. The family were Unionists when in Virginia, and as their neighbors were of the opposite political belief, this led to unpleasantness and was the reason for the exodus into Ohio. Jerome Collins followed f arming, and died in Clark County in the early '70s. He and his wife had eight children, five sons and three daughters. Joseph H. Collins was the sixth child in the above family, and was born in Culpeper County, Virginia, July 11, 1841. He came with his parents to Ohio when a young man. He attended school after arriving in Clark County, and completed his education at the well-known normal school at Urbana, Ohio. Later he taught school, mostly in Clark County, but some in Champaign County. Subsequently he engaged in farming, and this was really his life's occupation. He was a man keenly alive to the issues of the day, and was regarded as one of the substantial citizens of his period. In politics a republican, at the time of his death, August 17, 1905, he was one of the commissioners of Clark County. Joseph M. Collins is one of the five living children of his parents. He was reared on the home farm, attended the district schools, and later, for two years, the old Northern Indiana Normal School at Valparaiso, and then engaged in school-teaching in his native county. Incidentally he attended Wittenberg College, and while he never graduated from this institution he was honored by having conferred upon him the Master's Degree in 1918. In 1921 he had been twenty-five years in school work. For four years of this time he taught in Mad River Township, then, in 1901, he came to Springfield, where he continued teaching until 1904 when he was elected county superintendent of schools. While teaching in Springfield Township he officiated for ten years as superintendent of schools of the township, and has always been active in local matters. He is a republican, and strong in his support of his party. Mr. Collins is very prominent in state educational work, and in 1921 was elected president of the Central Ohio Teachers' Association, at the annual meeting held at Dayton, Ohio. He is the first Springfield man SPRINGFIELD AND CLARK COUNTY - 273 to be so honored since 1903. During 1920 Mr. Collins held a position on the executive committee of the association. Two other Springfield men were honored at the Dayton meeting, Earl W. Tiffany, principal of the Springfield schools, and Oscar T. Hawke, assistant superintendent of the Clark County schools being elected members of the executive committee. On August 22, 1922, Mr. Collins married Miss Amy Louise Winters, a daughter of Robert P. Winters. Mr. Collins is a Royal Arch Mason. Throughout his career he has shown an expansion of ideas and a broadening of his character. He has been quick to grasp and utilize new ideas and methods and to formulate others, and is never content with the progress made, but is urging himself and his associates to further efforts in order to raise the standards of his schools and develop the mentality of his pupils. CHARLES F. STEWART, a former member of the Board of County Commissioners of Clark County, and a representative of one of the old and honored families of this section of Ohio, is now living virtually retired in his attractive home at 1424 South Center Street, Springfield. On other pages of this work appear sketches that give adequate record concerning the history of the Stewart family. Charles F. Stewart was horn in Greene Township, this county, on the 2d of August, 1856, the sixth in order of birth in a family of nine children. On the eighty-fourth birthday anniversary of his father, Capt. Perry Stewart, June 6, 1902, the father was one of the seven brothers present to celebrate the occasion, and all are now deceased, the eldest having died at the age of ninety-six and the youngest at the age of eighty-one years, while the father of the subject of this review passed away at the age of eighty-eight years. The boyhood and early youth of Charles F. Stewart were passed on the old home farm, and he profited in the meanwhile by the advantages of the local schools. Later he advanced his education by attending the Normal School at Lebanon, of which the revered Dr. Holbrook was then the executive and scholastic head. In 1880 Mr. Stewart wedded Miss Clara Garlough, daughter of James T. Garlough, of Greene Township, and thereafter he continued his active and successful alliance with productive agricultural and live stock enterprise in Greene Township until March, 1915, when he left his well improved home farm of 130 acres and removed to Springfield, where he is now living in well-earned retirement from the labors and responsibilities that were long his portion. He made excellent improvements on his farm, including the erection of a bank barn and the remodeling of the two-story house. After having served one term as township trustee Mr. Stewart gave twenty-one years of effective service as township clerk, his eldest son being now clerk of the same township, and John T. Stewart, grandfather of the subject of this review, having been the first to serve as clerk of that township. For eight years Mr. Stewart was a member of the County Election Board and to his credit is to be accorded also four years and seven months of effective and loyal service as county commissioner, a position in which he was the advocate and supporter of progressive movements, especially in the improving of the roads of the county. He has been a stalwart in Vol. II-18 274 - SPRINGFIELD AND CLARK COUNTY the local ranks of the republican party and has done effective work in behalf of its cause. He was one of the organizers and original directors of the Farmers Bank of Springfield. He and his wife hold membership in the Covenant Presbyterian Church at Springfield, and in this city he is affiliated with the Masonic fraternity and the Knights of Pythias. Mr. and Mrs. Stewart became the parents of f our sons and one daughter, the daughter being Josie A., now the wife of Stephen Kitchen, a farmer in Greene Township, and they are the parents of seven children ; Frederick G., the eldest son, owns and operates the old Estle farm of 170 acres in Greene Township, and is serving as township clerk, as previously noted in this review. He married Rachael Estle, and they have one child ; Howard H. married Miss Florence Howett, and is a successful farmer in Springfield Township. They have two children. Samuel, who married Miss Bertha Swaby, has the active management of the old home farm of his father. They are the parents of one child. Stephen W., who served nineteen months in the United States Army in the period of the World war, and who was for fifteen months of this interval in active service in the quartermaster's department of the American Expeditionary Forces in France, returned home in July, 1919, and his death occurred on the 29th of March, 1920, about four months prior to his twenty-fourth birthday anniversary. JAMES C. WALKER, who is now living virtually retired in his pleasant home at 1223 Clifton Avenue in the City of Springfield, has shown in his career as a citizen and business man the same fine sense of loyalty that marked his course while serving as a gallant young soldier of the Union in the Civil war. He is familiarly known as Captain Walker, this military title having been first applied to him by General Thomas in recognition of his gallant achievement in leading his regiment in the historic battle of Missionary Ridge. Captain Walker is a native son of Clark County and an honored representative of one of the well known pioneer families of the county. He was born in Harmony Township, November 30, 1843, and is a son of John and Margaret ( Jenkins) Walker, the log cabin in which he was born having likewise been the birthplace of his mother. John Walker was born in the State of Virginia in 1817, a son of James and Catherine Walker, whose marriage occurred at Hagerstown, Maryland, and who established their home not far distant, but in the State of Virginia. James Walker, a native of Germany and a shoemaker by trade, came with his family to Ohio in 1819, and both he and his wife were venerable pioneer citizens of Clark County at the time of their deaths. John Walker was reared in Clark County and as a boy was indentured or "bound out" to Samuel Wolfe, under whose direction he served a thorough apprenticeship to the carpenter's trade, besides which he gained ample experience in farm work. His wife was a daughter of William and Hester Jenkins. William Jenkins, of Welch ancestry, served as a soldier in the War of 1812, and thereafter was given a grant of land in Clark County, Ohio, in recognition of such service. Here he developed a productive farm and here he died at the age of seventy-f our years, his widow having been nearly ninety years of age at the time of her death, in 1864. In 1857 John Walker removed with his family to Springfield, and there he died