(RETURN TO THE TITLE PAGE) After two years he was called to the pastorate of Grace Presbyterian church in Evansville, Indiana, where he continued for six years and then went to St. Paul, Minnesota, to take charge of the Central Presbyterian church. His labors there covered a period of six and a half years and were terminated in 1902, when he was called to succeed Dr. H. C. Hayden of the Old Stone church, one of the historic churches of Cleveland. Here he has labored continuously since and is recognized as one of the ablest divines of the Presbyterian ministry in the middle west. In 1894 the honorary degree of Doctor of Divinity was conferred upon him by Hanover College of Indiana. In 1885 Dr. Meldrum was married in Oakland, California, to Miss Laura R. Rison, a daughter of Judge R. C. Rison, and unto them were born four children, all yet having; Andrew B., who is now a student in Wooster University, Wooster, Ohio ; Helen M.; Douglas Grant; and Dorothy Laura. The wife and mother died on Christmas day of 1903, and in December, 1907, Dr. Meldrum married in Cleveland, Ohio, Miss Ella Hoyt Herrick, a daughter of the late Gamaliel E. Herrick. Dr. Meldrum was at one time a Knight Templar Mason. His entire life since entering the ministry has been devoted to the upbuilding of the church. At this point it would be almost tautological to enter into any series of statements as showing him to be a man of intelligence and genuine public spirit, for these have been shadowed forth between the lines of this review, Strong in his individuality he 'never lacks the courage of his convictions, but there are as dominating elements in this individuality a lively human sympathy and an abiding charity, which, taken in connection with the sterling integrity and honor of his character, have naturally gained for him the respect and confidence of all men. His zeal, his consecration and, above all, the character of his own life, have made him a man of great influence among his own people. WILLIAM E. PEASE. William E. Pease, a civil engineer by profession, has won an enviable reputation in this connection as a member of the F. A. Pease Engineering Company of Cleveland. His birth occurred at Kingsville, Ashtabula county, Ohio, on the 27th of July, 1875, his parents being H. H. and Mary Elizabeth (Barnum) Pease, likewise natives of Kingsville. The father, who in early manhood became identified with industrial interests as a mason and contractor, met with success in his business affairs and is now well known as a leading contractor and enterprising man. William E. Pease attended the public schools of his native town in pursuit of an education that would equip him for the practical and responsible duties of life, For three years after leaving school he was connected with the old park commission and had charge of the field work in the improvement of University Circle and the building of the Nickel Plate bridge. He was afterward associated with C. W. Pratt for more than a year and in 1902 became identified with the F. A. Pease Engineering Company, of which his brother, Fred A. Pease, is the vice president and general manager. At that time he took charge of outside work, including that at Davenport, Iowa, and also devoted some attention to park and boulevard plans. In 1907 he entered the service of the Huntington Land Company of Los Angeles, California, designing parks and likewise making plans for subdivisions. On severing his connection with that concern he once more became identified with the F. A. Pease Engineering Company of this city and has since had charge of the engineering work at Oakwood on the Lake. Recently he has devoted considerable time to designing the grounds and making 102 - HISTORY OF CLEVELAND estimates for the Cleveland Art Museum. His superior ability and knowledie in the line of his profession are widely recognized and he well deserves mention in this volume as a prominent factor in engineering circles of Cleveland. Mr. Pease belongs to the Cleveland Grays and is also a member of the Rock Island Commercial Club of Rock Island, Illinois. He is a man of many friends here and has made for himself a creditable place in professional circles, his capability and efficiency winning him both recognition and prosperity. JAMES L. CAMERON. James L. Cameron, a Cleveland architect who in the practice of his profession has made a specialty of designing apartment houses, maintains an office at No. 1232 Schofield building, giving his time in almost undivided manner to the prosecution of his professional duties and the interests of his clients. He was born January 30, 1881, in Augusta, Ohio, in the same house which was the birthplace of his father, Thomas E. Cameron. The paternal grandfather was a native of the Empire state. The mother bore the maiden name of Rebecca A. Love. James L. Cameron, reared under the parental roof, pursued his education, in the public schools, completing a course in the Malvern high school, and fol- lowing his graduation therefrom took a special course in architcture in the Ohio State University. At the age of twenty-four years he arrived in Cleveland and entered upon the practice of his profession, in which he has since continued with gratifying success. He was not long in demonstrating his ability, and the skill and efficiency which he has displayed have constituted his best and most effective advertisement. He has made a specialty of designing apartment houses and has introduced much that is now original and attractive in the construction of this modern type of building. Many of the apartment houses which he has designed constitute attractive features in the best residence sections of the city. More- over, he is one of the organizers of the Murray Hill Building Company and is a director of the Buckeye Building Company. Mr. Cameron is a member of Pythian Star Lodge, Knights of Pythias, is independent in politics, unmarried, and gives his attention chiefly to his profession, in which he has already attained prominence and which is continually opening before him a still broader field of opportunity. GEORGE B. CLEMENT George B. Clement is connected with various companies and corporations having to do with the improvement and upbuilding of Cleveland, for he is well known in real-estate circles, the extent and importance of his operations gaining him prominence in this connection. He was born in Medina, Ohio, May 28, 1865, and comes of English lineage. His grandfather, Edward Clement, a native of Sheffield, England, was the founder of the family in America, arriving in this country about 1840. His son, Charles R. Clement, was born in Medina, Ohio, in 1845 and through his active business career followed farming and stock raising. He is now living in retirement at Medina, his earnest labor and industry of former years bringing him the comfortable competence that now enables him to enjoy well earned rest. He married Sophia W. Benjamin, a daughter of Daniel Benjamin, of Brunswick, Ohio. It was in the schools of Brunswick that George B. Clement acquired his early education, while subsequently he attended the high school at Medina. Entering business circles he became employed by B. H. Wood & Company of Medina as HISTORY OF CLEVELAND - 103 foreman of the planing mill and there remained for two years. In 1890 he arrived in Cleveland and engaged in the shoe business with the firm of Seamon & Smith as salesman for four years. He was afterward with W. H. Peck & Company and there remained for eight years, acting as manager of the retail department, Gradually he was working his way upward, and each forward step brought him a broader outlook and wider opportunity. He next embarked in the real-estate business, becoming one of the organizers of the Girard Company, of which he was elected president. He was also one of the organizers and the president of the Citizens Real Estate Company, is likewise identified with the Citizens Company and the Citizens Land Company, but the last named has now been reorganized under the name of the Citizens Land & Improvement Company. Through these various connections Mr. Clement has contributed in no small measure to the upbuilding and progress of the city, for he studies closely the future of Cleveland as foreshadowed in the indications of the present, and as the years have gone by his keen discrimination, well directed energy and unfaltering persistency of purpose have won for him substantial rewards of labor. In November, 1898, Mr. Clement was married to Miss Carrie B. Barnard, a daughter of Giles and Belle S. Barnard, of Cleveland. They reside at No. 1818 East Seventeenth street, and both are much interested in church and charitable work. They hold membership in the Methodist church, and Mrs. Clement is particularly active in behalf of the Protestant Orphans' Asylum, to which she devotes much thought, care and labor. Mr. Clement has attained high rank in Masonry, holding membership in Iris Lodge, No. 229, F. & A. M.; Webb Chapter, No. 14, R. A. M. Oriental Commandery, No. 12, K. T.; Lake Erie Con. sistory, of which he is a life member; and Al Koran Temple of the Mystic Shrine. His political allegiance is given to the republican party. He is greatly interested in horses, finding his recreation in driving, and is a member of the Roadside Club. HENRY STEINBRENNER. Henry Steinbrenner, who may be aptly termed a man of purpose, is today one of the most successful representatives of business life in Cleveland, and the story of. his career is the story of honest industry and thrift. In the twentieth century, other things being equal, the men of substance are the stronger forces in the progress of the world. With means at hand they can establish and control extensive business concerns which furnish employment to many and constitute features in the material development of the cities in which they reside. Such a one is Mr. Steinbrenner, who may well be termed one of the captains of industry of this city, being today closely connected with navigation interests as partial owner of some of the largest vessels on the lakes. A native of this city, he was horn May 2o, 1849. His father, George M. Steinbrenner, was a native of Germany, but came to America in early life, and was well known in this city as a shipbuilder and vessel owner. He married Magdalena Kilmer, a native of Germany. who came to America in her maidenhood. They were quiet, modest people, thrifty and successful, but both are now deceased. Henry Steinbrenner, the eldest in a family of four children, all of whom are living, although not residents of Cleveland, obtained his education in the public schools of this city, after which he read law for two years in the office of Gran- nis & Henderson, well known attorneys, Abandoning the profession at the age of twenty-four years, however, he engaged in the real-estate business on his own account and, about the same time, was united in marriage to Miss Sophia F. Minch, a daughter of the late Captain Philip Minch, one of the three largest vessel owners on the lakes: Mr. Steinbrenner continued in the real-estate bus- 104 - HISTORY OF CLEVELAND Mess until 1900, when upon the death of Captain Minch he was obliged to leave the field of real-estate operations and take charge of the estate of his father-in-law. He acquired large interests in real estate, but as necessity demanded that he take up his present line of business he gave to it his whole attention, and his concentration of purpose and his ability in securing the cooperation of employes of marked ability have constituted important features in his success in the development of these interests. In 1901 he constructed a seven thousand ton boat and has built a new boat every two years since that time, each succeeding one being larger than its predecessor. In 1907 they built a boat of eleven thousnd tons, which is one of the largest freighters on the lakes. In 1905 Mr. Steinbrenner organized the business under the name of the Kinsman Transit Company, with a capitalization of one million, five hundred thousand dollars. He is also interested in various other enterprises in Cleveland, all of which have profited by his sound judgment, his keen discernment, his clear insight into intricate business problems and his ability to coordinate and combine forces into a harmonious whole. He is today the secretary-treasurer and general manager of the Kinsman Transit Company, a director of the Tonopah Steamship Company, a director of the Pioneer Steamship Company, and a director of the State Bank & Trust Company. He has been very active in commercial and financial circles, and was at one time vice president of the Reserve Trust Company. He is also director of the Minch Transit Company and the Nicholas Transit Company. He is likewise the president of the Cayahota Motor Car Company and is himself an ardent lover of motoring, which furnishes his principal recreation. While he is still the owner of much valuable real estate he has been gradually disposing of his interests in that connection and investing his capital in his present business. As the years have passed Mr. and Mrs. Steinbrenner have become parents of six children : Carl, who is on a ranch in New Mexico ; George, who is a member of Henry Steinbrenner & Company ; Phillip, who is now a student in the law department of the Western Reserve University ; Frank, who died August 29, 1908, at the age of seventeen years ; Jessie, the wife of Herbert Snyder, manager of the Doane Exchange Bell Telephone Company, of Cleveland ; and Gertrude, at home. Mr. Steinbrenner has erected a fine residence on Bellflower Road. It was built about 1906 and is one of the palatial homes of the city, its attractive furnishings being suggestive of the wealth and cultured taste of the inmates. Aside from motoring Mr. Steinbrenner finds recreation and interest in baseball. He is a member of the Chamber of Commerce, of the Colonial Club and of the Masonic fraternity. He also belongs to the Woodland Avenue Presbyterian church. He does not care for public life, giving his attention to his business, and is modest and retiring in manner. His ability, however, is widely recognized, for it is manifest in the control of important interests which are proving elements in the business development of the state, as well as a source of substantial revenue for himself. He has carved his name deeply upon the commercial history of Cleveland, and the straightforward policy he has followed in his business career commends him to the confidence and good will of all with whom he has come in contact. DAVIS HAWLEY, JR. Davis Hawley, Jr., numbered among the most successful of the young attorneys of Cleveland, his native city, was born October 5, 1878, his parents being Davis and Mary Switz Hawley. After acquiring his preliminary education in the public schools he attended the University school, from which he was graduated with the class of 1896. He then entered Cornell University in the same year and was graduated with the class of 1900 with the degree of Bachelor of Science, in the meantime pursuing a law course which he completed in the same HISTORY OF CLEVELAND - 107 college in 1901. Thus liberal literary as well as professional training well qualified him for the onerous duties of the profession which demands a knowledge of almost every phase of life and the motive springs of human conduct. He was admitted to the bar July 13, 1901, and at once entered upon the general practice of law, but has always specialized in the department of corporation law, and is thoroughly well informed concerning this branch of the profession. He has served as counsel for J. H. Somers & Company, the Cuyahoga Savings & Loan Company and numerous other local and financial business interests which have tested his ability and have constituted the proof of his legal learning and skill. He is a member of the Cleveland Bar Association, and his contemporaries acknowledge his ability in his chosen field of labor. Pleasantly situated in his home life Mr. Hawley was married March 24, 1908, to Miss Helen Ehzabeth Harshaw, daughter of William A. and Ella (Price) Harshaw. Mrs. Hawley was educated in Smith College and is an accomplished musician, taking an active part in the musical and social interests of Calvary Presbyterian church. Mr. and Mrs, Hawley reside at No. 10 Idlewood avenue, East Cleveland, and their home is always hospitably open for the reception of their many friends. Mr. Hawley votes with the republican party and is not un- mindful of the duties of citizenship, although he cares little to figure in public life outside the strict path of his profession. He is an advocate of outdoor athletic sports, being particularly fond of horseback riding and baseball. JOHN HOLLAND. The years that cover the active business career of John Holland have chronicled his success as the result of determined and persistent purpose and close applica- tion. He is now well known as a stone merchant, being interested in stone quarry lands with offices at No. 207 Arcade building. A son of Daniel Holland, he was born in Ireland in 1832, and after spending fifteen years in that country long famed in song and story, he came to the new world with its boundless oppor- tunities, having determined to try his fortune on this side of the Atlantic. He went first to Toronto, Canada, but afterward came to Cleveland, where he worked in different lines until he finally became manager of a warehouse, there having been advanced through various promotions from the humble position of clerk. He afterward became interested in lake traffic and was clerk on the Ohio, a lake steamer. Later he acted in the same capacity on the Iron City, continuing in that position for several years, beginning in 1857. Finally he established a produce commission business on the river front, and eventually in connection with William H. Stewart, he organized and started the Forest City Stone Company, opening a stone quarry at Euclid Creek and also at Columbia station. As time passed he extended the scope of his activities, his powers increasing through experience, judgment and close application. He now holds extensive quarry lands in Huron county, ̊Michigan, covering one thousand acres, and he has real- estate interests elsewhere. Mr. Holland was united in marriage in 1861 to Miss Helen Luther, a daughter of a banker of Ashland, Ohio. They have become parents of one daughter, who is now Mrs. Otto H. Backer, of Bronxville, New York, the wife of the well known artist of that name. In his political views Mr. Holland has long been a stalwart democrat and in former years was active in the work of the party. On one occasion he was nominated for city treasurer of Cleveland but was defeated by twenty-six votes. He holds membership in St. Agnes church. He is one of the oldest business men of Cleveland and has been an interested witness of the growth and development of the city through long years. He remembers the time when a sailing vessel left Cleveland for San Francisco, going by way of the lakes, the Welland canal, the St. Lawrence river, the Atlantic ocean around 108 - HISTORY OF CLEVELAND Cape Horn to the Pacific ocean and then on to San Francisco. It required six months to make the trip. Mr. Holland had almost decided to go and if he had would have undergone many hardships, for they ran short of provisions, and there was much suffering before they reached their destination. This was the only vessel that ever started from Cleveland for the Golden Gate. When he came to America in 1847 he was a passenger on the Lady Flora Hastings, which sailed from Queenstown and was nine weeks on the voyage. Out of two hundred and thirty passengers over two hundred died from ship's fever, including the two brothers of Mr. Holland. He was fortunate in escaping and has lived to a ripe old age, having now passed the seventy-seventh milestone on life's journey. In his undertakings he has met with gratifying success and still remains an active factor in the world's work, notwithstanding the fact that the great majority of men of his years have put aside business cares. THOMAS F. BLACK. At an early age Thomas F. Black gave his life in defense of the principles in which he believed, leaving the record of a brave soldier ever loyal to the cause which he espoused. He was born in Arkansas and died in battle during the Civil war in 1861. His parents were William and Sarah Black, at one time residents of Louisville, Kentucky. In his youthful days Thomas F. Black attended school for a few years in Kentucky, and when a youth of sixteen he was sent to Ballston, New York, by his guardian, H. W. Fairchild. There he attended a private boarding school conducted by Professor H. W. Bulkeley, spending a year there as a student. He afterward went to Princeton College, in New Jersey, and for five years devoted his time and attention to the study of law. While he was thus engaged the Civil war broke out and, returning to his native state, he enlisted in the Thirty-first Arkansas Volunteer Artillery. He became first regimental quartermaster and later was promoted to the rank of captain. With his troops he went to the scene of conflict, a brave and resolute soldier, willing to make any sacrifice for the principles in which he believed, and in the first battle in which his troops participated he was killed while leading his men to action. Mr. Black had been married in 1859 to Miss Mary E. Bulkeley, a daughter of H. W. and Mary Jane (Oliphant) Bulkeley, of Ballston, New York, who conducted a private preparatory school there for forty years. In September, 1885, Mr. Bulkeley removed from Ballston to Cleveland and in this city lived a retired life, enjoying a period of well earned rest that extended to the time of his demise. He was a man of very broad and liberal education. In his life the intellectual and moral graces were thoroughly cultivated. His record was that of a high-souled, large-minded and noble-hearted Christian gentlemen. For years he was a devoted adherent of the Presbyterian faith, and in Cleveland he served as an elder of the Case Avenue Presbyterian church. Mr. Black gave his political allegiance to the democratic party and was a member of several secret societies and college fraternities. His social qualities made him well liked, and he was a popular man wherever known. EDWARD JOHN THOBABEN. Edward John Thobaben, for twenty-two years a member of the bar, has spent his entire life in Cleveland. His birth occurred May 30, 1864. The family is of German descent and was founded in America by Christian Thobaben, who was born in Germany and made merchandising his life vocation. His son Henry Louis Thobaben was born in Germany in 1832 and remained a resident of his native HISTORY OF CLEVELAND - 109 country until twenty-four years of age, when in 1856 he crossed the Atlantic to the new world. For a number of years he lived at various places but at length settled in Cleveland in 1866 and turned his attention to contracting and building. At the time of the Civil war he enlisted for service from Ohio, becoming a private of Company C, Tenth Regiment of Ohio Infantry. He made a creditable record in defense of the Union, never faltering in the performance of any military duty, whether called to the lonely picket hne or stationed on the firing line. He wedded Anna Murray, a native of Ireland, who still survives, but Henry L. Thobaben passed away in June, 1874. Edward J. Thobaben was educated in the public schools of Cleveland, although his opportunities were somewhat limited, owing to his father's early death, which necessitated his providing for his own support. Energy and determination, how- ever, have accomplished for him what education has clone for others and have enabled him to overthrow all the difficulties and obstacles that have barred his path to success. He pursued his law studies in the office and under the direction of E. C. Schwan, of Cleveland, and was admitted to the bar on the 9th of June, 1887, after which he at once entered upon practice in this city. He has been alone nearly all of the time, and giving his attention to general practice, although real-estate law has claimed much of his time, and he is now attorney for a number of real-estate allotment firms. He is also the secretary of the Swaine Antidote Sanitarium Company. Admitted to the bar, from the beginning he has made substantial progress, his advancement being due to his own efforts and merits. The possession of advantages is no guarantee whatever of professional success. This comes not of itself nor can it be secured without integrity, ability and industry. Those qualities he possesses to an eminent degree, and he is faithful to every interest committed to his charge. Throughout his whole life whatsoever his hand has found to do, whether in his profession or in other relations, he has done with his might and with a deep sense of conscientious obligation. Mr. Thobaben was married July fo, 1893, to Miss Carrie M. Hubbard, a daughter of Daniel and Marvilla (Seymour) Hubbard, of Camden, Ohio. Mr. Thobaben is a member of the Masonic fraternity and a republican in his political views, greatly interested in the success of the party although never a candidate for office. He has always lived in Cleveland, and the many commendable qualities in his life record have gained for him the warm friendship and kindly regard of those with whom he has been brought in contact. SAMUEL HENRY COWELL. Samuel H. Cowell, who was connected with what is now the leading jewelry house of Cleveland, well merited his success as a reward of his industry and commercial honesty. Said one who knew him well—himself a commanding factor in the business world—"His word was as good as his bond; he was the soul of honor and the better one knew him the greater the respect and the warmer the friendship entertained for him." He was born in Tenterden, England, March 12, 1849, and his life record covered the intervening years to the 14th of February, 1889. His parents were George and Editha (Espenet) Cowell who were of English and French descent. The father learned the jewelry trade in England, where he resided until 1855, when he came with his family to America and at once made his way to Cleveland. Here he entered the jewelry business and for many years was recognized as one of the oldest and most prom- inent jewelers of Cleveland. Samuel H. Cowell was a youth of but six years when brought by his parents to the United States. Here he entered the public schools in which he pursued his studies until 1862, when he put aside his text-books to enter business circles, securing employment with George Cady, who was in the wholesale shoe busi- 110 - HISTORY OF CLEVELAND ness. He gradually worked his way upward, eventually becoming bookkeeper. Subsequently he entered the real-estate business in connection with George Richardson and so continued until 1875. He then bought out his father's interest in the jewelry business, and the firm became known as Cowell Brothers Jewelry Company. Subsequently Mr. Hubbard became connected with the firm, and the business was then carried on under the style of Cowell & Hubbard, jewelers. Later, however, a stock company was organized, now known as the Cowell & Hubbard Company, which owns and controls the largest and best known jewelry house in Cleveland today. From the time of his connection therewith Samuel H. Cowell was an active factor in the development and expansion of the trade, conducting all business along the most modern and progressive lines, having a well appointed and attractive store in which a large and complete line of jewelry, diamonds and precious stones is carried. On the 5th of September, 1877, Mr. Cowell was married to Miss Mary Bainbridge, a daughter of Samuel and Mary (Folwell) Bainbridge, of Elmira, New York. Her father devoted his life to the work of the ministry and for many years was the well known pastor of the Second Baptist church in Elmira. The children of Mr. and Mrs. Cowell are Mrs. W. B. Davis, whose husband is of the W. B. Davis Company, and Bainbridge Cowell, who is connected with the Bourne-Fuller Company. In his political views Mr. Cowell was a republican, his investigations into the vital questions and issues of the day leading him to the belief that the principles of the party are most conducive to good government. His Christian faith was evidenced in his membership in the Plymouth Congregational church. Well descended and well bred and reared in a life of constnt and helpful activity, there always remained as salient features in his record those qualities which in every land and clime command respect and regard, Envy, uncharitableness and such traits were wholly foreign to his nature. His home was always open to the reception of his friends, and no one left there without feeling glad that he had the privilege of Mr. Cowell's acquaintanceship. His influence was felt as a strong, steady, moving force in the social, moral and commercial progress of the community, and in the development of Cleveland's most important mercantile enterprises he contributed in large measure to the business activities of the city. EDWARD MAX BAKER. Edward Max Baker, holding important relations to financial interests in Cleveland through the conduct of an extensive brokerage business, took up this department of labor unacquainted with any of the elements that enter into its conduct. Bending his energies, however, to the mastery of the business, he soon became thoroughly conversant with the elements necessary to success and is today regarded as one of the most prominent representatives of this line of activity in Cleveland. A native of Pennsylvania, Edward Max Baker was born in Erie, August 18, 1875, while his parents, Isaac and Bertha (Einhorn) Baker, were natives of Germany. The father has long been known as a wholesale and retail clothing merchant at Erie, Pennsylvania, and for the past twenty years has served on the board of education there, his term exceeding that of any other individual connected with the board. His devotion to the interests of public education is marked, and his labors have been effective, beneficial and far-reaching. In the public schools of his native city Edward M. Baker began his education, which he continued through successive grades until he was graduated from the high school with the class of 1893. He afterward entered the University of Chicago and was graduated with honors in the class of 1898, at which time he received the Bachelor of Afts degree. He was also class orator and participated in two intercollegiate debates, while on several occasions he won prizes in debate at the HISTORY OF CLEVELAND - 113 university and for some years was president of the University Debating Club. He was also associate editor of the Cap & Gown, a publication of the senior class. Following his graduation Mr. Baker spent the ensuing year in Erie and then determined to prepare for the ministry of the Hebrew church. Returning to Chicago, he pursued post-graduate work at the university in philosophy and sociology and at the same time took up his religious studies under the personal tutelage of his uncle, the celebrated Dr. Emil G. Hirsch, with whom he made his home while pursuing his studies, In February, 1901, he received a call to the pulpit of Temple Israel in Chicago. This was a small, struggling congregation with little financial support. Mr, Baker at first refused the call because he felt himself unequipped and had scruples against accepting a position for which he did not feel himself fully qualified. The congregation insisted, however, saying that he and the church could grow together and that if he refused the congregation would be compelled to abandon its work. When this appeal was made to him he accepted, though with some reluctance, owing to the feeling that he was not fully prepared for the work. He did not permit his new obligations to interfere with the plan of study that he had mapped out, continuing his preparation for the ministry and also his labors in connection with the church until July, 1901, at which date his brother-in-law, Jacob Mayer, of Cleveland, died unexpectedly, leaving a widow and two little children, Mrs. Mayer being the sister of Mr. Baker. Owing to the exigencies of the case Mr. Baker felt that his first duty was to his sister and her family, and he therefore resigned his position in the Temple and abandoned his studies, removing to Cleveland to live with his sis- ter and to take up and manage the brokerage business formerly controlled by Mr. Mayer. His brief ministry in Chicago had been extremely gratifying to the congregation, which had grown considerably, while the interest and enthusiasm of the membership were notably increased. His resignation was therefore received with strong protest and with great reluctance. When Mr. Baker took up the brokerage business he was entirely unacquainted with it in any phase. His life in Chicago had kept him remote from all that pertained to markets and quotations. He believed, however, that honesty, common sense and energy would always prove effective in the control of any business, and with these qualities he took up the work and found little difficulty in grasping the principles and details of the business. He is now conceded to be one of the leading brokers of Cleveland, controlling an extensive private business, while his position in brokerage circles is indicated in the fact that he was elected to the vice presidency of the Cleveland stock exchange, is serving as a member of its board of governors and is also the chairman of its committee on rules. Aside from his activity in connection with the stock markets Mr. Baker is also in- terested in other enterprises, all of which have profited by his cooperation, owing to his keen business discernment and sound judgment, which is rarely, if ever, at fault, Moreover, since taking up his abode in this city Mr. Baker has interested himself in the civic life of Cleveland and has done his full share in its religious, philanthropic, educational and political activities. He has been vice president of the Temple here and has frequently occupied the pulpit of Rabbi Griess. For eight years he has been the secretary of the Federation of Jewish Charities and was instrumental in its organization. Through this avenue much good work has been done in relieving the wants of the needy Jewish people. He is also a member of the American Jewish committee of fifty, which in a measure is the most prominent Jewish organization in America. He is likewise the treasurer of the Legal Aid Society, one of the directors of the Babies' Dispensary Hospital and a member of different committees connected with the work of the As- sociated Charities. He was a member of the Cleveland educational commission of 1896, appointed by the hoard of education to examine into the government, supervision and course of studies of the Develand public schools and at all times has given his aid and his influence to further the work of public education here 114 - HISTORY OF CLEVELAND by raising the standard of the schools. Mr. Baker is not unknown in political circles and indeed is a recognized leader in republican ranks. In 1907 he was elected to the chairmanship of the republican executive committee of Cuyahoga county and was in charge for the republicans in the famous mayoralty contest between Congressman Burton and Mayor Johnson. He was also in charge of republican interests during the presidential election of 19o8, which resulted in a complete victory for the republican forces of the county. Mr. Baker holds membership in the Chamber of Commerce, the Excelsior Club, the Oakwood Club and the Council of Sociology—associations which indicate much of the nature of his interests. He is also the author of an essay which several years ago aroused considerable comment. It was entitled Judaism nd the American Spirit. It first appeared in the Arena in 1904 and afterward in pamphlet form for private circulation. Fond of baseball, he himself plays a good game and in 1906 was manager and second baseman of the Cleveland stock exchange baseball team. He likewise shows considerable skill in golf, billiards and bridge whist and is a member of the Cleveland Whist Club. His manner is that of innate refinement, and his unfailing courtesy is supplemented by geniality that makes him a favorite wherever he goes. Intellectual strength constitutes one of the forces of his character and makes his influence felt in whatever line of labor he directs his energies. He is modestly inclined, but the consensus of public opinion places him in a prominent position in various associations that go to make up the sum total of life and experiences in Cleveland. HERMON A. KELLEY. Hermon A. Kelley, attorney at law, is a representative of one of the oldest and most honored of Cleveland's pioneer families, and in a more remote period the line is traced back to several generations in New England. The first of the name of whom we have record is Joseph Kelley, who was born in 1690 and was one of the early settlers of Norwich, Connecticut, where he died m 1716. A representative of a later generation was Daniel Kelley, who was born in Norwich, March 15, 1726, and died in Vermont in 1814. His son Judge Daniel Kelley was born in Norwich, Connecticut, November 27, 1755, and died in Cleveland, Ohio, August 7, 1831. He was the second president (mayor) of the village of Cleveland. His son Alfred Kelley, on the incorporation of Cleveland as a village in 1814, had been its first president. Alfred Kelley resigned on the 19th of March, 1816, and his father Judge Daniel Kelley was chosen the second president, being unanimously elected in that year, twelve votes being cast. He thus took active part in shaping the policy of the embryo city during its formative period, and since the opening years of the nineteenth century the Kelleys have borne active and helpful part in the work of general improvement and advancement. Datus Kelley, oldest son of Judge Daniel Kelley and the grandfather of H, A. Kelley, was born in Middlefield, Connecticut, April 24, 1788, and died at Kelley's Island, January 24, 1866. In 1833 he had purchased the whole of Kelley's Island, comprising about three thousand acres, and removed his family there in 1836. He had six sons and three daughters, and the sons all assisted in developing the island, but Alfred S. Kelley, the father of H. A. Kelley, was the business head of the family. He was born at Rockford, Ohio, December 23, 1826, and was not only closely associated with the cultivation and improvement of Kelley's Island but also became prominent in business life in other ways as proprietor of a store, as a banker and as the owner of docks and of steamboat lines, He thus operated extensively, and his enterprise was of such a character that general progress as well as individual success was conserved thereby. He married Hannah Farr, who was born in Rockport, Ohio, August 9, 1837, and died February 4, 1889. She was a daughter of Aurelius Farr, whose life record ex- HISTORY OF CLEVELAND - 115 tended from September 18, 1798, until December 11, 1862. He was a son of Eliel Farr, who was born at Cummington, Massachusetts, June 16, 1777, and died at Rockport, Ohio, September 6, 1865. His father, Joseph Farr, was a native of Acton, Massachusetts, born August 3, 1743, a son of Joseph Farr, Sr., a resident of Acton and a descendant of Stephen Farr of that place, the date of whose marriage was May 23, 1674. Through the Stow family H. A. Kelley is entitled to membership with the Sons of the American Revolution. His great-grandfather, Daniel Kelley, married Jemima Stow, a daughter of Elihu Stow, who was a soldier of the American army throughout the period of the war for independence. Joshua Stow, a brother of Jemima Stow, was one of the members of the Connecticut Land Company, which purchased the Western Reserve from the state of Connecticut and was one of the surveying party which, under the leadership of Moses Cleveland, landed at the mouth of the Cuyahoga river and founded the city of Cleveland in 1796. Alfred Kelley, who is mentioned above as the first president of the village of Cleveland, was at the head of the board of commissioners who built the Ohio canal. He was also the first president of the Commercial Bank of Lake Erie, the first bank in Cleveland, organized in 1816. He was likewise the author, in 1818, of the first legislative bill either in the United States or Europe to abolish imprisonment for debt. It failed to pass at that time but has been so long in existence that it now seems almost impossible that such a law could have found place on the statute bo6ks of the country. He was likewise president of the Columbus & Xenia Railroad and in 1847 became president of the Cleveland, Columbus & Cincinnati Railroad, most of which was constructed under his direction. In 1850 he was elected to the presidency of the Cleveland, Pains- ville & Ashtabula Railroad, now a part of the Lake Shore & Michigan Southern system. He served in both branches of the state legislature and was state fund commissioner from 1840 until 1842, at which time a party arose in the legislature which advocated the non-payment of interest on the state debt and even of the debt itself. Mr. Kelley then went to New York and to Europe and on his per- sonal credit raised the funds to pay the interest and was designated as the "savior of the honor of the state," Ohio thus being saved from entering upon the disgraceful system of repudiation. Hermon A. Kelley, who was born at Kelley's Island, Ohio, May 15, 1859, pursued his college course in Buchtel College at Akron, Ohio, and was graduated in 1879 with the degree of Bachelor of Arts. Determining to make the practice of law his life work he then pursued a course in the Harvard Law School, which conferred upon him the Bachelor of Law degree in 1882. He also attended the Goettingen University in Germany, where he pursued a special course in Roman law, and in 1897 his alma mater conferred upon him the honorary degree of Doctor of Laws. Mr. Kelley began practice in 1884 and after a year spent in Detroit came to Cleveland, where he entered into partnership with Arthur A. Stearns. This relation was maintained until 1891, when Mr. Kelley became first assistant corporation counsel of Cleveland, which posi- . tion he filled until 1893, The present firm of Hoyt, Dustin & Kelley was then formed and is regarded as one of the strongest and most prominent in the state. Later Homer H. McKeehan and Horace Andrews were admitted to a partnership and the style is now Hoyt, Dustin, Kelley, McKeehan & Andrews. Mr. Kelley makes a specialty of admiralty law, and his knowledge of that branch of jurisprudence is so comprehensive and exact that his opinions are largely accepted as authority by his fellow members of the bar and are seldom seriously questioned in court. On the 3d of September, 1889, Mr. Kelley was married to Miss Florence A. Kendall, a daughter of Major Frederick A. Kendall of the United States regular army and his wife, Virginia Hutchinson Kendall, a daughter of one of the famous Hutchinson family of singers of New Hampshire. Mr. and Mrs. Kel- 116 - HISTORY OF CLEVELAND ley have three children: Virginia Hutchinson, a student in Vassar College; Alfred Kendall, attending the University School of Cleveland; and Hayward Kendall. Mr. Kelley is a valued member of the Union, University, Country and Euclid Clubs. Citizenship is to him no mere idle term, and unlike many men who have attained eminence or success in their chosen field he does not regard politics as something that should be left to others. On the contrary, he is active in support of the principles in which he believes and finds in his love of country the mcentive for his allegiance and support of the republican party. In municipal affairs he is also deeply interested, cooperating in all things for the betterment of the city, and is now one of the trustees and the secretary and treasurer of the Cleveland Museum of Art and was also a member of the building committee which has charge of the erection of the new art building. The cause of education likewise finds in him a champion, and he is serving as a member of the board of trustees of Buchtel College. While undoubtedly he is not without that honorable ambition which is so powerful and useful as an incentive to activity in public affairs, he regards the pursuits of private life as being in themselves abundantly worthy of his best efforts. His is a noble character-one that subordinates personal ambition to public good and seeks rather the benefit of others than the aggrandizement of self. Endowed by nature with high intellectual qualities, to which are added the discipline and embellishments of culture, his is a most attractive personality. Well versed in the learning of his profession, he is regarded as a strong advocate and wise counselor, whose powers have brought him to a foremost position at the Cleveland bar. JOHN S. FETZER. As alderman of the city for many years John S. Fetzer was closely connected with the events which leave their impress upon the municipal history, and his public service was characterized by a devotion to the general good that none questioned. His birth occurred December 13, 1845, in Oberhausen, Neutlingen, Wurtemburg, Germany. His parents were Andrew and Mary Fetzer, who became early residents of Cleveland, where the father conducted business as a cabinetmaker. He emigrated with his mother and brother to America in 1853, when a youth of eight years. Here they joined the husband and father, who four years before had crossed the Atlantic and had established a home for them in the western world. John S. Fetzer continued his education in the schools of this country to the age of thirteen years, when he entered the leather business in connection with the firm of Cook & Dennison, with whom he continued for twenty years. No higher testimonial of his faithful service, diligence and capability could be given than the fact that he was continued in their employ for two decades. In 1880 he became interested in the firm of J. M. Weitz & Company on Water street, and there he remained until his death as a partner in what was recognized as one of the leading enterprises of the character in the city. After his death the business was continued by his brother and brother-in-law, and is now conducted under the firm style of the Fetzer & Spies Leather Company. Mr. Fetzer was parried twice. He first wedded Rose Knecht, and unto them were born four children: Mrs. Henry Dippel; Mrs. Henry Spies, now deceased ; John, who has also passed away; and Mrs. William Schwemler. On the 9th of September, 1883, Mr. Fetzer was again married, his second union being with Elizabeth Spies, a daughter of Valentine and Eva (Seibel) Spies, who came to Cleveland in the early days from Germany. The children of the second marriage are: Florence A., Mrs. Eitel Distelhorst, John G., Carl S. and George H. HISTORY OF CLEVELAND - 119 Mr. Fetzer was one of the leading German citizens of Cleveland, popular as a member of the Schwaben Verein and the German Beneficial Society. He was also one of the organizers of the German Pioneer Society and the highest officer of the Harugari. He was also a very prominent and influential Free Mason and became a charter member of Aurora Lodge, No. 259, A. F. & A. M. He was also deputy quartermaster of the United States. He belonged to the Deutscher Ritterorder, and to the Order of Red Men. He was very popular in all these organizations, for he possessed a genial manner and unfailing courtesy, which won him high regard, while his allegiance to the beneficient principles of the societies was a well known fact in his career. He was also prominent in affairs relative to the city and served for a number of years as a member of the council, his aldermanic record being at all times free from anything that savored of misrule in public affairs. He desired and labored for the best interests of the city at large, placing the general welfare at all times before personal aggrandize- ment. He died April 21, 1899, at the age of fifty-two years, and his demise was the occasion of deep and widespread regret to the people of his nationality and to those with whom business, political or social relations had brought him in contact. SAMUEL GROSSMAN. Samuel Grossman, president of the Grossman Paper Box Company, in which connection he has developed an enterprise of large and profitable proportions, was born in Hungary, October 27, 1861, and is a son of Marcus and Anna Grossman. He was only a year and a half old when his parents bade adieu to friends and native land and sailed with their family for Amerioa, becoming residents of Cleveland in 1863. When he had attained the usual age Samuel Grossman was sent to the public schools and later he pursued a course in a business college, thus becoming well qualified for the duties which devolved upon him in later years. In his youthful days he engaged in clerking for his father, who was then engaged in merchandising, as proprietor of a notion store. He was nine- teen years of age when in connection with his father he began the manufacture of paper boxes under the name of the Novelty Paper Box Company. This little industrial enterprise, then in its embryonic state, occupied two rooms in the rear of the notion store at No. 350 Ontario street. They began with a force of six girls and for eighteen months continued at the original location, when the growth of the business demanded a removal and the firm secured two floors at No. 67 St. Clair avenue. There they remained for two years, when the continual increase in their patronage justified the erection of a brick factory in the rear of No. 73 Bolivar street. At that place the business was conducted for five years. In 1892 the father died, at which time Samuel Grossman assumed the management and control of the entire business, which continued to develop under his capable guidance until still larger quarters were needed and a second building was erected on Bright street. At length he purchased property from 1729 to 1745 Superior avenue and built thereon his present factory, constituting a splendidly equipped plant, supplied with all the modern machinery necessary for the con- duct of a business of this character. He continued as sole proprietor until Janu- ary 1, 1906, when the business was incorporated under the name of the Grossman Paper Box Company, with Samuel Grossman as president, Louis Glick vice presi- dent, and H. L. Brainard secretary and treasurer. Something of the growth of the business is indicated in the fact that while they started with six employes, they now have two hundred and fifty people in their factory, while the output is shipped throughout this country and also into Canada and Mexico. In various sections they have resident agents, and the enterprise has become one of the extensive and prosperous industries of Cleveland, contributing to the business activity whereon the growth and development of the city depend. 120 - HISTORY OF CLEVELAND In 1901 Mr. Grossman was united in marriage to Miss Dora Bryan, of Cleve- land, and they have three children, Marcus L., Samuel F. and Dora Violet. Mr. Grossman belongs to Excelsior Club and also has membership in the Chamber of Commerce. While he usually votes with the republican party, he does not consider himself bound by party ties at local elections, for he belongs to that public-spirited, useful and helpful type of man whose ambitions and desires are centered and directed in those channels through which flow the greatest and most pronounced good to the greatest number. It is true that his chief life work has been that of a remarkably successful manufacturer, but the range of his activities and the scope of his influence have reached far beyond this special field. His business career, however, is one which may well cause the individual to pause and consider. It is another illustration of the fact that no matter what the early environment and the place of birth, the individual of America has opportunity for the development of his latent forces and talents, for here labor is unhampered by caste or class, and indefatigable effort, intelligently directed and supplemented by honorable dealing, will eventually win its merited results. CALVIN McMILLIN, M.D. Born in Ohio during the first quarter of the nineteenth century, Dr. Calvin McMillin has for eighty-seven years been a witness of the progress and development in this city, noting its transformation as the conditions of pioneer life were put aside and the elements of growth and advancement have brought the state to a foremost position in the ranks of the great commonwealths of the nation. When he attained manhood he took his place among the world's workers, and his life's labors have been of material benefit to his fellowmen down to the pres- ent time. His birth occurred May 31, 1822, in what was then Franklin but is now Kent, Portage county, Ohio. His father, Samuel McMillin, was also born in this state and was a representative of an old New Jersey family, the grandfather of Dr. McMillin having followed farming in New Jersey They are of a long-lived race and as citizens their worth has been proven in hearty cooperation in the plans for development and progress in the different communities in which they have lived. Samuel McMillin became a blacksmith by trade and about the close of the war of 1812 was stationed in Cleveland but later returned to Franklin and subsequently became a resident of Trumbull county, Ohio, where he followed his trade until his death. He made the iron for the first locks in the canal there. He passed away in Shelby, Ohio, in 1859, while his wife, who bore the maiden name of Sarah Mathews, and was born near Warren, Ohio, died in 186o. In the country schools Dr. McMillin pursued his education to the age of seventeen years. He was one of a family of eight children, and owing to the somewhat limited financial circumstances of the parents he was then obliged to leave home and depend upon his own resources for a living. His father apprenticed him to a tailor at Youngstown, Ohio, where he completed his term of indenture of three years, and then he worked at the trade for a year and a half in Warren. In the meantime he became acquainted with Drs. H. and A. Everett, who were practicing medicine in Cleveland and who persuaded him to take up the study of the science. In May, 1846, he came to this city and spent a few weeks, after which he returned to Warren and arranged his affairs there preparatory to establishing his residence permanently in this city, which he did in September, 1846. He then eagerly entered upon the study of medicine in the office of Drs, Everett, who directed his reading for two years, and during the latter year he also attended the Western Reserve Medical University. As his funds became exhausted he could not complete the course but entered at once upon active practice and after a short period opened an office in Shelby, Richland county, Ohio, HISTORY OF CLEVELAND - 121 where he continuously and successfully followed his profession for thirty-six years. He soon built up a large practice there and found it impossible to leave it and finish his college course until the scholastic year of 1866-7, when he was graduated, was accorded his diploma and also received the Doctor of Medicine degree. In 1886 Dr. McMillin once more took up active practice in Cleveland, where he has remained continuously since, and although he is now eighty-seven years of age he still continues a large office practice in the treatment of chronic diseases and is occasionally called into consultations with other physicians, both in this city and in neighboring towns. As far as his practice would allow Dr. McMillin took an active part in public affairs in Shelby and served in various local offices. He was regarded as the leader of the medical profession there and was active in other lines as well, serving as a member of the city council and on the school board until 1860, when he put aside all other interests in order to give his individed attention to his profession, to which he has since devoted himself exclusively. As a young man he was in sympathy with some of the whig and some of the democratic principles, but later he joined the free soil party and eventually became a republican, since which time he has been a loyal supporter of its principles, although he does not consider party ties so strong that he dare not vote an independent ticket at local elections when the occasion seems to demand it. On the 29th of December, 1849; in Warren, Trumbull county, Ohio, Dr. McMillin was married to Miss Elizabeth Hadley, who died March 21, 1907, in her eighty-first year. They were parents of four sons and a daughter : H. E., now one of the leading music dealers of Cleveland ; F. C., a lawyer of this city ; Emma A.. the widow of Charles E. Richardson ; J. H., who was a jewelry clerk and died in the west about eight years ago ; and S. S., now at the head of the Marble-Shattuck Chair Company, a large chair-manufacturing industry of Cleveland. Dr. McMillin resides at 9700 Euclid avenue, where he erected his home in 1888. He has been a devoted member of the Christian church since 1841, assisting in organizing a congregation at Shelby, and was one of its elders for twenty-eight years. He is the only living charter member of Shelby Lodge, I, 0. 0. F. Now in the sixty-third year of his practice, Dr. McMillin enjoys the distinction of being the oldest physician in Cleveland in active connection with the profession and probably in the state. He is also the oldest Odd Fellow in Ohio. He has enjoyed remarkable health, being wonderfully preserved for one of his age, his appearance being that of a man twenty years younger. Now in life's late evening, knowing "the blest accompaniments of age—honor, love and troops of friends," he is able to look back on a career filled with worthy labor in the service of his fellowmen. It is the men of the type of character of Dr. McMillin who have contributed to make the American commonwealth foremost among the governments of all times. With such a citizenship our republic must endure until time shall be no more. LEVI A. SACKET. Levi A. Sacket, whose activity in business was for many years a distinct contribution to the upbuilding and progress of the city, while his personal qualifications placed him prominently in the front ranks in social circles, was born in Cleveland on the 5th of August, 1842. His father was Alexander Sacket, a son of Augustus Sacket, of Sacket Harbor, New York. The former was born August 17, 1814, and received a good mercantile education in New York City, his training well qualifying him for the attainment of success when he came to Cleveland in 1835 and became a factor in the commercial circles of this city. Here he at once engaged in the wholesale and retail trade in the old Weddell 122 - HISTORY OF CLEVELAND block on Superior street. The undertaking was a success from the beginning, the trade continually increasing under his capable management and business discernment until 1854, when he became connected with the commercial interests on the river, being thus engaged until 1868. In that year he retired from trade relations to give his undivided attention to his large real-estate interests, for from time to time he embraced his opportunity to make judicious investments until his holdings had become very extensive and his prosperity was accordingly augmented. With the growth and improvement of the city his property rose con- tinually in value, and its control occupied the entire time and attention of Mr. Sacket. In 1836 Mr. Sacket was united in marriage to Miss Harriet Johnson, a daughter of Levi Johnson, one of the early prominent residents of Cleveland. They became the parents of seven children. Levi Sacket supplemented his early school course by study in Shaw's Academy and in early life assisted his father for some years in the grain business. He then entered his father's office and became his active assistant in the management of his real-estate and other investments, and this position claimed his attention throughout his remaining days. They laid out Pearl street and greatly improved that section of the city. That they were prominent in its development and up- building is indicated by the fact that Sacket school was named in their honor. In many other ways the family has figured prominently in the affairs which have contributed to the business advancement and the social and municipal in- terests of Cleveland. They own a fine home on Euclid avenue, together with a large tract of land on that thoroughfare, which is one of the finest in the world, On the 14th of February, 1894, Levi A. Sacket was united in marriage to Miss Rose Barclay, a daughter of Dr. J. Thomas and Hannah (Hisey) Barclay. Her father is a distinguished representative of the dental fraternity of Cleveland. Unto Mr. and Mrs. Sacket was born one child, Mildred Harriet. Mr. Sacket was connected for three years with one of the leading military com- panies of Cleveland, being a member of Captain Hanna's Company of the One Hundred and Fifth Ohio, in which he held the rank of corporal. He was always deeply interested in the affairs of city life, his influence and aid being always counted upon to further measures for the public good, and he was especially interested in the plans for the adornment of the city. He died April 12, 1897, when in the prime of life, his record having been such as won for him an enviable position in the regard of his fellow men. He possessed a social na- ture that found expression in his geniality and deference for the opinions of others. Moreover, he was a man of marked personality and force of character, whose intellectual growth and keen insight made him an influencing factor in molding public thought and action along many lines. GEORGE BENNETT SIDDALL. George Bennett Siddall, attorney at law, who in his practice has confined his attention and efforts almost exclusively to banking and corporation law, is now a member of the firm of Henderson, Quail & Siddall. His birth occurred in Oberlin, Ohio, December 13, 1866, his parents being Dr. James F. and Orinda (Candeel Siddall, the former a representative of an old Virginia family, while the mother came of New England ancestry, of Scotch and English origin, con- nected with the McAlpine family. Ancestors of George B. Siddall served in both the Revolutionary war and the war of 1812. Dr. Siddall, a native of Ohio, located in Oberlin in 1854 and there engaged in the practice of dentistry until his retirement from active life about ten years ago. He died in Oberlin, October 12, 1909, at the age of seventy-six years, while his wife, a native of Michigan, is HISTORY OF CLEVELAND - 125 still living. Their family numbered six children, of whom five survive, Dr. W. A. Siddall being a prominent dentist of Cleveland. George Bennett Siddall, the fourth in order of birth, supplemented his public- school education by study in Oberlin College, from which he was graduated with the Bachelor of Arts degree in the class of 1891. He afterward engaged in teaching mathematics at Oberlin for two years and then in preparation for the practice of law entered the Western Reserve Law School, which he attended for two years. He was admitted to the bar at Columbus, March 12, 1896, and at once began practice in Cleveland, becoming a member of his present firm January 1, 1904, and in the years of his active connection with the bar has confined his legal work almost exclusively to banking and corporation law. One of his financial interests has been the organization and development of the Peerless Motor Car Company, of which he is a director and secretary. He is also interested in various other financial and commercial enterprises which constitute features in his individual success and are always elements in the commercial development of the city. On the 17th of August, 1892, Mr. Siddall was married in Calumet, Michigan, to Miss Nettie M. Danielson, a daughter of John A. Danielson, surf ace superintendent of the Calumet & Hecla mines at that place. Mrs. Siddall is a graduate of the Conservatory of Music at Oberlin, of the class of 1891, and is an accomplished musician. Prominent in the social circles of the city, their home is most attractive by reason of its cordial and gracious hospitality. Mr. Siddall is a member of various clubs and social organizations, including the Union, University, Hermit, Euclid and Clifton Clubs of Cleveland, the Columbus Club of Columbus, Ohio, and the University Club of Chicago. He also belongs " to the Pilgrim Congregational church and in professional relations is connected with the local and state bar associations. His political allegiance is given to the republican party where national issues are involved, but at local elections he casts an independent vote, being identified with that movement, which is one of the hopeful political signs of the period, indicating that men prominent in the professions and in business are awake to the conditions of the times and will not blindly follow a party leader. Mr. Siddall makes golf his principal source of recreation. Interested in municipal progress he has been very active in the Chamber of Commerce and was for one year a member of its directorate and for three years served as chairman of its committee on education, during which time he had much to do with the preparation of the present school code of the state. He has since been chairman of the committee on legislation and has given much time to that branch of the work of the organization. His insight into the issues and questions of the day is keen, his deductions sound and logical, while at all times his efforts are practical and resultant. MOSES G. CARREL. Moses G. Carrel, who in 1902 was appointed division passenger agent for the Baltimore & Ohio Railroad Company, which position he still fills, was born in Fulton county, Ohio, June 4, 1854. His father, William P. Carrel, was a native of Lake county, Ohio, and was a son of Thomas Carrel, a native of Morris- town, New Jersey. The latter came to Ohio in 1809, settling on a farm in Lake county. There his son, William P. Carrel, was reared and educated and not only early became familiar with the duties of agricultural life but also became a factor in the community in connection with its educational interests. He served for some time as a school teacher and was likewise justice of the peace in his locality. He married Elizabeth Waite, a daughter of John and Ann Waite, who were of English birth and came to the United States when their daughter, Mrs. Carrel, was but a young child. 126 - HISTORY OF CLEVELAND Moses G. Carrel was educated in the common and high schools and in Hillsdale College, at Hillsdale, Michigan. After leaving school he learned telegraphy and took a position on the Lake Shore Railroad, acting as operator and agent from 1870 until 1880. He came to Cleveland as agent at the Union depot in 188o and held that position until 1891. He was afterward associated with the Merchants Bank & Storage Company as secretary and treasurer and subsequently became connected with the publication of a paper called the Station Agent. He was also for a time financial editor of the Cleveland Press but in 1894 returned to railway circles as general passenger agent with the Cleveland, Lorain & Wheeling Railway. Eight years thus passed and in 1902 he was appointed division passenger agent for the Baltimore & Ohio Railroad, in which capacity he still continues. The foregoing brief account of his business record indicates clearly that his advancement has followed as the logical sequence of earnest effort and capability. He has made good use of his time and opportunities, nd his determination and indefatigable labor, together with his sound judgment and business tact, have been important forces in his continued and gratifying progress. On the 8th of June, 1875, Mr. Carrel was united in marriage to Miss Jennie E. Bailey, a daughter of Washington and Iantha (Darks) Bailey, of Reading Michigan. Unto Mr. and Mrs. Carrel have been born three children : Lou Elizabeth, the wife of J. I. Tod, of Pittsburg, Pennsylvania; F. Leroy, who obtained his education in the public and high schools of Cleveland and the Case School of Applied Science and is now acting as assistant ticket agent ; and Elsie B., who is now the wife of Dr. G. I. Bauman, of Cleveland. The family residence is at No. 11211 Hessler Road in the St. Thomas apartment. Both Mr. and Mrs Carrel are prominent socially. Mr. Carrel is one of the few thirty-third degree Masons of the country and one of the widely known and distinguished representatives of the craft. He is past commander of Holyrood Commandery Knights Templar, a past potentate of the Shrine and a director of the Masonic Temple Association. He also belongs to the Royal Arcanum and the National Union, He is past president of the Masonic Club and also of the Transportation Club, and the official honors which have been conferred upon him indicate his personal popularity as well as his executive ability. He holds membership in the Euclid Avenue Congregational church and gives his political allegiance to the republican party. His wife, who is also a member of the church, is active in the Dorcas Society and in the Sorosis and Century Clubs. Mr. Carrel is very fond of literature and is an accomplished elocutionist, widely known as a gentleman of broad general culture, appreciative of the social amenities of life, while in business circles he manifests the firm resolve, indefatigable energy and keen insight which are so necessary to success in any line. CHARLES KRAMER FARBER, M.D. Dr. Charles Kramer Farber, physician and surgeon of Cleveland, his native city, was born September 17, 1877. His father, Ephraim Farber, a native of Cincinnati, came to Cleveland in 1876 and engaged in the wholesale and retail produce business at the old Fulton market for twenty years. He died in 1901 at the age of fifty-two years. His widow, Mrs. Margaretta Farber, is still living. She was a daughter of Dr. Charles Martin Kramer, a pioneer homeopathic physician of Xenia, Ohio, who was also a graduate of the allopathic and eclectic schools of medicine. Dr. Farber was a public-school student in Cleveland until he completed his course in the Central high school with the class of 1898. His professional training was received in the Cleveland Homeopathic Medical College, which he entered in the fall of that year as a member of the first class that pursued the HISTORY OF CLEVELAND - 127 four years' course, bringing him to his graduation in 1902, when the M. D. degree was conferred upon him. He entered at once into general practice, in which he has since continued, and he has gained local renown as an able exponent of advanced scientific knowledge in this line. He held the chair of materia medica at the Cleveland Homeopathic College from 1904 until 1906 and was visiting physician to the Salvation Army Home for two years. He also instituted the first maternity ward there, which has developed into a large and important institution. A strong believer in the efficiency of medicine and the needlessness of surgery in many cases, he has proven the value of his ideas in the success which has attended his efforts in the treatment of many important cases. While he is known as a homeopathic practitioner, he is also thoroughly conversant with the teachings of the allopathic school, and his professional record is creditable to the history of a family that has numbered among its members several very capable and successful physicians. He belongs to the Cleveland Homeopathic Medical Society. Dr. Farber gives his political allegiance to the republican party but without desire for office. He belongs to the Episcopal church and resides at No. 953 Lyman avenue in Collinwood. BIRD W. HOUSUM. Again and again the history of American men indicates the fact that it is only under pressure of adversity and the stimulus of necessity that the best and strongest in men is brought out and developed. The record of Mr. Housum is another exemplification of this fact, and with appreciation of the spirit of the old Greek philosopher who said : "Earn thy reward : the gods give naught to sloth" he has worked persistently and untiringly to win the opportunities which, intelligently utilized, lead to prosperity. He was born in 1861 in Miami county, Ohio, and was a little lad of five years when in 1866 he was brought to Cleveland by his parents. Here he attended the public schools, but his educational opportunities were somewhat limited although in the school of experience he has gained practical, comprehensive and valuable knowledge. At fifteen years of age he entered the service of George A. Stanley who was engaged in the oil business. He acted as salesman for Mr. Stanley and while thus employed gained a knowledge of the business and recognized its opportunities. In 1885 he entered the business on his own account as representative of the oil department of Armour & Company, and in 1889 he was joined by J. F. Grace in organizing the firm of B. W. Housum & Company. In 1893 the business was reorganized, two companies being formed. The original company was changed to Grace & Housum, the purpose of this organization being to conduct a general oil business. The firm of The B. W. Housum Company was also organized and incorporated and now represents the American Sugar Refining Company, the Postum Cereal Company, Armour & Company, the Fels-Naptha Soap Company and many other important concerns in the conduct of a successful, extensive and growing commission business. The boy of fifteen years has become the man of affairs, prominently and actively associated with business interests in Cleveland, recognized as one of the leading representatives of trade and financial interests in this. city. Mr. Housum was united in marriage to Miss Ada Weber, a daughter of Randal M. Weber, of Nashville, Tennessee. The wedding was celebrated in 1882 and has been blessed with one son, Charles Robert. Mr. Housum is a member of Woodward Lodge, No. 508, A. F. & A. M.; Lake Erie Consistory ; Oriental Commandery ; and Al Koran Temple of the Mystic Shrine. He likewise holds membership with the Royal Arcanum, the National Union, the Royal League and the Cleveland Commercial Travelers. His appreciation of social 128 - HISTORY OF CLEVELAND amenities is further indicated in his identification with the Union, Tavern, Country and Roadside Clubs and the Ohio Society of New York. His political allegiance is given to the republican party, and while thoroughly informed concerning the questions and issues of the day he does not seek office, preferring to devote his energies to other interests. He is a member of the Baptist church, and moral progress as well as social and business affairs awaken his cooperation. The activity and integrity of his life are widely recognized and, combined with these, is a pleasing personality that has attracted the attention and won the confidence and friendship of all his fellow citizens. CHARLES BROWN STOWE. Carefully devised and well executed plans in connection with the management of the Stowe-Fuller Company attest the business ability of Charles Brown Stowe, who is its president. He is widely recognized as a man of keen insight and undaunted enterprise as well as of practical and conscientious methods, and his position in the business world is due to his persistent purpose and capable control of the interests with which he is connected. He was born in Cleveland, July 18, 1862. His father, Thomas A Stowe, was a native of Hudson, Ohio, and, becoming a resident of Cleveland, was connected with the Plain Dealer for thirty years, or until the time of his death in 1877. He occupied a prominent position in journalistic circles, was also a member of the board of education and was exceedingly active in public matters. During the Civil war he served as an officer of Company E, of the One Hundred and Fiftieth Ohio Volunteer Infantry. The Stowe family has been identified with the development of this section of the state from a period antedating the founding of Cleveland, Charles Brown Stowe being a direct descendant of Joshua A. Stowe, who was commissary of the surveying party who came to Cleveland for the Connecticut Land Company in 1796 with General Moses Cleveland, the founder of the city. He belonged to one of the oldest families in Connecticut, the original American ancestor having settled in Middletown in 1634. He was a sea captain and built the boats at Buffalo Creek that brought the party to Ohio. The first house built in the Western Reserve after landing at Conneaut Creek was called Castle Stowe in honor of Joshua Stowe. Captain William Stowe, who was born in Middletown, Connecticut, in 1776, came with his wife, Margaret (Gaylord) Stowe, and her brothers, Samuel and Jonathan Gaylord, to the Western Reserve in 1809. They reached Cleveland at a time when the only frame building in this city was the postoffice, and it was a little structure twelve feet square. They did not remain in the village, but went to Stowe township, settling on the land which had previously been entered by Joshua Stowe from the Connecticut Land Company, for which he had traded a sailing vessel and a piece of tilled ground in Connecticut. He was quite a traveler for those times, as it is said he made a trip to Ohio in forty-one days with an ox-team and one horse. He built a house at Monroe Falls in 1809, which is still standing, and there he raised his family of seven sons, one of whom, William Stowe II, was the father of Thomas A. Stowe. Later Captain William Stowe came to Cleveland and rigged the first boat on Lake Erie, built at Cleveland. Albert Stowe, an uncle of Thomas A. Stowe, was one of the first white children born in the early settlement of the Western Reserve at Stowe Corners in 1810. The mother of Charles B. Stowe bore the maiden name of Maria McKenzie. She was born in Elmira, New York, but was brought to Cleveland when a little girl of six years. The marriage of Mrs. Stowe occurred in this city in 1842, She was a niece of Irad L. Beardsley, who for many years was librarian of the Cleveland public library and is still living in this city. HISTORY OF CLEVELAND - 131 Charles Brown Stowe was educated in the public schools of Cleveland, completing his course by graduation from the high school in 1878. He had previously been connected with the Plain Dealer as commercial reporter for a year, but shortly afterward became connected with the Lake Erie Iron Company. A year later he engaged as bookkeeper with the Dover Fire Brick Company, with which he was associated for about eight years, and in 1889 he established his present business under the name of C. B. Stowe & Company. In 1891 the firm style was changed to the Stowe-Fuller Company, and in 1897 it was incorporated. From the beginning the business has been successful and has grown until its operations extend all over the country. The company owns and controls four plants, manufacturing magnesite, chrome, silica and fire-clay brick. These products are exclusively for steel and iron works, smelters and other work requiring high heats. All of the products manufactured by the company are those requiring the highest refractory materials. This is the largest independent concern of the kind in the country and the second largest of any kind that produces this grade of material. Factories are maintained at Strasburg and Empire, Ohio, and Alexandria and Lock Haven, Pennsylvania, while the general offices are at Cleveland, and the company has executed some of the largest contracts for this class of work in the country. While giving much time and attention to the business of the Stowe-Fuller Company, Mr. Stowe is also connected with many other business concerns of importance, being president of the National Fire Brick Company and of the Minor Fire Brick Company and a director in a number of others. On the 18th of September, 1892, occurred the marriage of Mr. Stowe and Miss Franc Cary at Norwalk, Ohio, and they have three children : Gaylord T., who was born July 9, 1895; Margaret, who was born January 27, 1889 ; and Rosamund, born in June, 1902, Mr, Stowe is a member of the Masonic fraternity and is identified with a number of social organizations, including the Clifton, Cleveland Automobile, the Lakewood Yacht and the Westwood Golf Clubs. He is also a member of the Chamber of Commerce, cooperating in the various movements which that organization institutes for the benefit of the community at large. He is preeminently a man of action rather than of theory, and the salient qualities of leadership are his. He has therefore taken an active and important part in everything with which he has connected himself and possesses, moreover, executive ability of a high order. He is conscientious in his attitude toward his employes and in the development of mammoth business enterprises has displayed those qualifications that entitle him to rank with Cleveland's captains of industry, giving to the city stimulus in many lines of manufacture. ADOLF KOEPFF. Adolf Koepff, who was well known among the German-American citizens of Cleveland and found in the new world the business opportunities which he sought and which led him to success, was born in Goeppingen, Germany, on the 28th of January, 1849, and died August 19, 1902. His parents were Jacob and Katherine Koepff. The father was engaged in the wine and bakery business in Goeppingen, and there in the private schools Adolf Koepff pursued his early education and later pursued a higher course. In his youthful days he also learned bookkeeping, which he followed as a profession for several years, being employed in a large metal factory. At the age of nineteen years, he came to America to avoid serving in the army, for military service is compulsory in that country. In 1868 he located in Cleveland and for six years was shipping clerk for the Weideman Company, wholesale grocers. During this period he carefully saved his earnings until his industry and economy had brought to him a sum sufficient 132 - HISTORY OF CLEVELAND to enable him to engage in business on his own account. In 1874 he entered the wholesale liquor business on Pearl street, where he continued for twenty-seven years, or until his death, when the business was sold. In that period he had built up an extensive trade and had enjoyed among his patrons the reputation of being thoroughly reliable in all of his sales and in the representation of the goods which he handled. On the 7th of June, 1876, Mr. Koepff was married to Miss Lena Konz, a daughter of Fred and Anna (Rubender) Konz, who came to Cleveland at n early day and located at the corner of Scranton road and Clark avenue. There he engaged in the manufacture of cooper tools, having one of the early industrial concerns of the city. Unto Mr. and Mrs. Koepff were born four children: Mrs. Cora Ernst ; Mrs. Alma Eppler ; Rupert and Carl, all of whom are residing in Cleveland. Mr. Koepff was one of the prominent German residents of this city, being recognized as a leader among people of his own nationality. He belonged to the German American Club, to the Concordia Heights Männerchor, the Knights of Pythias fraternity, the Pioneer Club and the German Evangelical church. His political views accorded with the principles of democracy. He never had occasion to regret his determination to seek a home in the new world for he here found the opportunities which he sought and which, by the way, are always open to ambitious, energetic young men, for in this land labor is not hampered by caste or class, and the individual by steady and persistent effort may steadily work his way upward. This Mr. Koepff did, and thus at his death he left his family in comfortable financial circumstances. REV. DAN FREEMAN BRADLEY, D. D. Rev. Dan Freeman Bradley, bending the energies of a strong intellect and forceful nature to the task of stimulating and promoting the world's progress through education in both secular and sacred lines, has since 1905 been pastor of the Pilgrim Congregational church of Cleveland. The strength of his intellect, combined with his broad sympathy and consecrated purpose have made him a power in the fields wherein he has labored, and he is today numbered among the strongest representatives of the Congregational Ministry of the country. His birth occurred at Bangkok, Siam, on the 17th of March, 1857. His father, Dr. Dan Beach Bradley, M. 0., was a missionary to that country, sailing from Boston in 1835. His second wife, Sarah Blachly, was among the first women graduates of Oberlin College to take the Bachelor of Arts degree, which was conferred upon her in 1843. Both parents died in Siam and were laid to rest there, Dr. Bradley passing away in 1874, while his wife survived until 1893. In the paternal line the ancestry of the family is traced back to William Bradley, of Yorkshire, England, who arrived in New Haven, Connecticut, in 1640. Brought to the United States for the purposes of education, Dr. Bradley of this review pursued his studies at Oberlin, and is a graduate of the academy college and divinity school, He completed the college course with the class of 1882 and is an alumnus of the seminary class of 1885. In the meantime he had learned the printer's trade in Siam, but his desire to enter the ministry led him to begin preparation for this field of labor. His father, grandfather, brother and brother-in-law were all preachers, and for eight generations the family have been members of the Congregational church. Immediately after his graduation D. F. Bradley was ordained to the ministry and engaged in preaching until 1889, when he became acting president of Yankton College at Yankton, South Dakota, there remaining for three years. In 1892 that college conferred upon him the degree of Doctor of Divinity and from Cornell College, of Iowa, he received the same degree in 1903. On severing his HISTORY OF CLEVELAND - 133 connection with Yankton College in 1892 he accepted the pastorate of the First Congregational church at Grand Rapids, Michigan, where he continued for ten years. He then again entered the educational field as president of Iowa College, where he remained from 1902 until 1905, inclusive, and in October, 1905, he was called to become pastor of the Pilgrim Congregational church at Cleveland, where he has since labored. Always interested in education, he is a trustee of Oberlin College. In politics he has always been a republican, and the work of good citizenship finds in him an able exponent. He believes it to be the duty as well as the privilege of every American citizen to exercise his right of franchise in support of principles which he believes will work for good government. He does not believe in the blind following of a party leader, however, and while he usually votes the republican ticket, he will not give his support to a man whom he thinks unworthy of office. In 1883, in Cleveland, Rev. Bradley was married to Miss Lillian Jaques, who was at the time a teacher and soloist in Oberlin Conservatory of Music. Their three sons are : Dwight Jaques, now a junior at Rollins College, Florida ; Robert Gamble, a freshman in the same college; and Dan Theodore, who is attending the public schools. Those who meet Dr. Bradley entertain for him warm friendship, for they at once recognize his ready sympathy and his broad humanitarianism. While thoroughly versed in the doctrines of the church it is the Christ spirit rather than theology which he teaches, and that his words carry influence is seen in the lives of those who have come under his ministry. He is an able and fluent speaker and one whose study of the great sociological and economic questions is enabling him to help solve for mankind many of the vital problems of the day. GEORGE WILLIAM COTTRELL. George William Cottrell, attorney at law with the firm of Hoyt, Dustin, Kelley, McKeehan & Andrews, was born in one of the suburbs of Detroit, Michigan, June 24, 1876. The ancestral history of the family is a most interesting one. They come of Pennsylvania Dutch stock of the name of Hoover. The father, mother, and a baby girl were killed by the Indians and one son was taken by the red men, who made their way into Canada, where they reared the boy. There Major Cottrell, an Enghshman and a member of the English army, bought him of the Indians, adopted him, and gave him the name of George H. Cottrell. This was the great-great-great-grandfather of George W. Cottrell of this review. The great-grandfather also bore the name of George H. Cottrell, as did the grandfather, who was born and died in Marine City, Michigan. The date of his birth was in November, 1816, nd his death, April 1907. He was captain of a sailing vessel on the lakes and also a farmer by occupation, but lived retired for twenty- five years prior to his death. At the time of the Mexican war he espoused the American cause and served with the rank of first lieutenant. Eber W. Cottrell, the father of George W. Cottrell, was born in Marine City, Michigan, February 17, 1841, was engaged in the timber business and located in Detroit as an extensive operator in timber. He has been prominent in political circles in the state and in 1879 became a member of the Michigan legislature, in which he served for two terms. His ambition, however, has never been in the line of office holding, for his extensive business interests have made full demand upon his time. He was director of the live-stock exhibit at the World's Columbian Exposition in Chicago in 1893, but resigned before the close of the fair. He wedded Ellen Smith, who was born in Devonshire, England, October 4, 1848, and was brought to the United States in 1851. They were married in Detroit in 1868. Her father, Wilham Smith, was also born in Devonshire. In the public schools George W. Cottrell pursued his education, being graduated from the Detroit high school, with the class of 1894. He afterward entered 134 - HISTORY OF CLEVELAND the University of Michigan, where he won the Bachelor of Science degree in 1898. He was also in the University of Michigan Law School for a year, but finished his course in the Detroit College of Law, which in 1901 conferred upon him the Bachelor of Law degree. He then came to Cleveland and has since been associated with the firm of Hoyt, Dustin, Kelley, McKeehan & Andrews. He makes a specialty of admiralty law and enjoys a good practice. On the 22d of October, 1902, Mr. Cottrell was married to Miss Florence Helen Chamberlain, a daughter of Marvin H. and Ellen (Wilson) Chamberlain, of Detroit, Michigan. They have two children, George William, who was born September 16, 1903; and Eleanor. Mr. Cottrell belongs to the Psi Upsilon fra- ternity, to the Union Club and to the Nisi Prius Club. He also holds membership in the Episcopal church and gives his political allegiance to the republican party but is not an active worker in its ranks. JAMES B. WILBUR. Several lines of business engrossed the attention of James B. Wilbur, nd at all times he was a busy man, in whose life there were comparatively few leisure hours, and those with whom he was associated found him to be reliable as well as energetic. He was born in Batavia, New York, a son of Eliam nd Mary (Edson) Wilbur, who came from the Empire state to Cleveland at n early day. They were among the pioneer people here, and the father served for a considerable period as sexton of the Erie Street cemetery, which he laid out. His father was one of two brothers who came from England in the eighteenth century and settled at Jersey City, New Jersey. The Wilbur family was an old and prominent one in England, the ancestry dating back to Cromwell's time. James B. Wilbur was reared on a farm in New York and pursued his education in the public schools of the Empire state. Reports reached him concerning a certain growing western city on the south shore of Lake Erie, and, believing that Cleveland would offer him a good field of labor, he made his way hither in 1818 and afterward sent for his parents. He was first employed as clerk in a grocery store for Mr. Hill and continued in that position for about three years. Subsequently he entered the grocery business on his own account, and later he became proprietor of the Forest City House, thus conducting one of the early hostelries of Cleveland. He continued in that business until forty-three years of age, when he retired and entered into the real-estate business, which he conducted for three years. He was also employed at the postoffice for many years, having charge of the stamp department, and in every relation his business methods were such as would bear close scrutiny and investigation. He not only believed that "honesty is the best policy," but exemplified that maxim in his life. With many events of a public nature that have left their impress upon the history of the city Mr. Wilbur was associated. He was at one time a member of the Old Famous Cleveland Grays and was sergeant-at-arms in the senate for two winters at Columbus, Ohio. He was also sergeant-at-arms in Cincinnati, Ohio, when a Mr. White was appointed chief justice, and in fact was instrumental in securing his appointment. Mr. Wilbur was recognized as one of the prominent political leaders of Cleveland. In his early life he gave his support to the Whig party, and upon its dissolution he joined the ranks of the republican party, to which he gave stalwart support. His opinions carried weight in its councils, and his efforts were an influencing factor in shaping its course. He was also an Odd Fellow, well known as one of the first members of Cleveland lodge. On the 29th of March, 1842, in this city, Mr. Wilbur was united in marriage to Miss Loretta Welsh, a daughter of Benjamin S. and Sophia (Wilson) Welsh, who removed from New York to Cleveland in 1815, finding here a town of but HISTORY OF CLEVELAND - 137 a few hundred inhabitants, situated on the banks of a great lake that was but little navigated, while to the south lay almost impenetrable forests. Her father had served as a soldier in the war of 1812, was appointed Indian agent and stationed at Mackinaw, Michigan, where he remained for two years, there being only four white women there at the time he made his home in that district. After coming to Cleveland he purchased a farm and assisted a Mr. Merchant in surveying a large portion of the property that is now included within the corporation limits of the city. He also made surveys through to Chillicothe, Ohio, and later conducted the old Cleveland Stage House and operated the first hack in Cleveland. He was also prominent in military circles in the early times, when there were local militia companies, whose drilling constituted an important feature in the life of the community. His daughter, Mrs. Wilbur, was born in Cleveland in 1826. She is one of the oldest native residents here and a member of the Old Settlers' Association. The children of Mr. and Mrs. Wilbur are Charles, Mrs. Loretta Whitehead, Mrs. Metta Tate and James B. Wilbur. Thus through the greater part of a century the family has figured in connection with the growth and development of Cleveland, and its members have been interested witnesses of the changes that have been wrought as the Forest city has emerged from villagehood to take its place with the ten largest cities of the United States. SANFORD K. BARSTOW. Sanford K. Barstow, merchant and banker, whose life has been one of continuous activity in which has been accorded due recognition of labor, is today identified with the oldest and most prominent furniture establishment of Cleveland. He is also well known as the president of the State Banking & Trust Company and in both connections measures up to the highest standards of business enterprise, integrity and progressiveness. He was born m New Castle, Maine, April 22, 1849. His father, George Barstow, whose birth occurred in 1810, traveled life's journey until he had compassed the intervening years to 1889. He was a seafaring man, to which life he was naturally attracted, as his father, Joseph Barstow, was a shipbuilder at New Castle, Maine. The Barstow family is of English origin and was founded in America in the early part of the seventeenth century. The brothers who came at that time, were four in number and settled at Hanover, Massachusetts, founding the town. In more remote periods the lineage is traced back to William the Conqueror. Through successive generations the family figured in New England, especially in Maine, where George Barstow, father of our subject, was known for some years as the oldest captain in point of continued service in that state, having sailed the seas between the ages of fifteen and seventy-six years. He had many adventures with pirates, particularly in the Caribbean sea and in the course of his long service encountered severe storms, when it seemed that the vessel would surely be wrecked and the lives on board all lost. He lived, however, to devote more than sixty years to active service on the sea and possessed that sturdy, honest and rugged character of the man who is again and again brought face to face with nature in all of her moods nd realizes of how little value are the artificialities of life. He married Sarah Borland, a daughter of Captain John Borland, of New Castle, Maine, who was a sea captain of Scotch descent and came from the north of Ireland. Sanford K. Barstow, coming of sturdy New England stock, spent his youthful days in New Castle, Maine, where he pursued his education in public and preparatory schools until he entered a private school at New Haven, from which he was eventually graduated. On putting aside his text-books he went to New York city, where he spent two years, and in 1869 he arrived in Cleveland, where he became connected with John A. Vincent, the founder of the Vincent-Barstow 138 - HISTORY OF CLEVELAND Company, the firm then operating under the name of Vincent, Sturm & Company. Mr. Barstow entered their employ in the capacity of bookkeeper but gave such practical and efficient demonstration of his ability and enterprise that at the end of two years he was admitted to a partnership, and the firm name was changed to Vincent, Barstow & Company. On the incorporation of the business in 1882 he was elected president. Theirs is the oldest existing furniture business in Ohio and one of the most important commercial enterprises of the city, founded and conducted along substantial lines, a progressive spirit being tempered by a safe conservatism, while in all of its equipment the store is thoroughly modern. The firm holds to high standards in its personnel and in the character of service rendered to the public, and the business methods of the house have won for it a large and continued patronage. In addition to his connection with the company, Mr. Barstow also figures prominently in financial circles as the president of the State Banking & Trust Company, to which he was elected in October, 1907. On the 22d of February, 1882, Mr. Barstow was married to Miss Hermione Burrows, a daughter of S. S. and Julia (Mills) Burrows, of Geneva, Ohio. Her father was a brother of Senator Burrows and of Judge Burrows, of Painesville. Dr. Burrows served throughout the Civil war as a loyal advocate of the Union cause, became prominent in his profession and was superintendent of the Asylum for the Blind, at Columbus. He also represented his district in the state senate for several terms and left the impress of his individuality upon regulative and constructive legislation. Unto Mr. and Mrs. Barstow have been born two chil- dren: Kenneth Glidden, attending Dartmouth College, and Burrows, a student in the University School, at Cleveland. The family residence is at No, 11119 Belleflower road, and they have an attractive country place at Geneva, Ohio. Mrs. Barstow is active in church and charitable work, cooperating in many move- ments toward ameliorating the hard conditions of life for the unfortunate. Mr. Barstow is an active and valued representative of the Chamber of Commerce and also of the Colonial Club. His political allegiance is given to the republican party, his religion is manifested by his membership in the Unitarian church, and his advocacy of the fraternal spirit is shown in his identification with the West Side Masonic Lodge. While he occupies today a position of distinction in mercantile and financial circles, his honors and successes have been worthily won through the wise use of his time, talents and opportunities. Strict and unremitting at- tention to business has been the salient feature in his advancement, bringing him the success which ever follows persistent and unfaltering labor intelligently controlled. JOHN A. ENSIGN. John A. Ensign was one of the pioneer hotel men of Cleveland and active in other lines that contributed to the substantial upbuilding of the city and also to its moral progress. He was born June 17, 1816, in Falls Village, Litchfield county, Connecticut. He was a direct descendant of James Ensign, who came to America from England and was one of the first settlers of Cambridge, Massachusetts. In the year 1636 James Ensign removed to Hartford, Connecticut, then called Newtown, with the Thomas Hooker colony. He was one of the first settlers there, and his name is inscribed upon the monument erected by the citi- zens of Hartford in the old Center burying ground to the memory of the founders of the city. The boyhood and young manhood of John A. Ensign was passed in a small Connecticut village. One of his schoolmates and his most intimate friend in his boyhood days was William H. Barnum, who afterward became United States senator from Connecticut. After his marriage in 1844 John A. Ensign succeeded his father as proprietor of the hotel at Falls Village, Connecticut, which had been owned and maintained by the family for many years. Subsequently he owned HISTORY OF CLEVELAND - 139 and managed a hotel at North Canaan, Connecticut, and continued in this business until 1849, the year of the discovery of gold in California, when he became impressed with the great opportunities which the west offered to energetic and actrve men. He resolved to try his fortune in the west, not as a seeker after gold, for he was hardly possessed of the characteristics of the adventurer which induced so many to risk their lives and fortune in the mad rush for gold to the new Eldorado. He was more conservative in his temperament, and his attention was entirely drawn to the "New Connecticut" or the "Connecticut Western Reserve," as Ohio was then called. This state had been settled almost wholly by Connecticut people, a very large proportion being from his own county of Litchfield, while many of them were known to him as friends and neighbors. On the 1st of May, 1849, he arrived in Cleveland, which was then a thriving city of about thirty- thousand population, although it had not very close connection with the outside world. Such commercial advantages and activities as it enjoyed were carried on mostly on the lakes. Mr. Ensign made the trip from Buffalo by boat, as the railroad connection with that city was not completed until a later date. His firs residence in Cleveland was in what was then a part of East Cleveland township, his home being on Euclid avenue, a short distance east of Willson avenue. Soon after his arrival he purchased a small farm, consisting of about fifteen acres on Euclid avenue, extending through to Cedar street. There was a brick house upon the property, which was located on the exact site of the stone residence now owned by Thomas H. White, at the corner of Lincoln and Euclid avenues. Mr. Ensign soon became impressed with the future prospects and advantages of Cleveland nd began to invest in land. During most of his life he was engaged in operations in real estate in nd about the city of Cleveland, and his sound judgment nd keen discrimination enabled him so to place his investments as to secure substntial financial return therefrom. About 1852 he purchased from the Farmers' Loan & Trust Company of Cincinnati a farm of something over one hundred acres in what was then Newburg township, just east of Willson avenue, lying on both sides of Kinsman street and extending through to Willson avenue. Upon this property he erected a brick residence, in which he established his home in 1853, there residing continuously until his death in 1885, with the exception of a period of about four years. About 1868 this portion of Newburg was annexed to the city of Cleveland and became the fifteenth ward. Mr. Ensign was the first councilman elected to the city council from this new ward and served in the council with the Hon. Nathan Payne who was afterward mayor of Cleveland, Maurice B. Clark, John Huntington and others. In 1860, just prior to the outbreak of the Civil war, Mr. Ensign at the solicitation of the owners became the proprietor of the American House, succeeding the late A. P. Winslow. At that time the American and Weddell Hotels were the leading hostelries of Clevelnd. He remained in the American House for about two years, when he went to Pittsburg as proprietor of the Scott House of that city. He remained in Pittsburg until the close of the war, when he returned to Cleveland. Mr. Ensign, in connection with S. N. Sanford, Levi T. Buttles and others, was identified with the establishment and organization of St. Mary's Protestant Episcopal church on Woodland avenue. He was a member of the church and one of its vestrymen and in the various departments of its work took active interest. Mr. Ensign was married in 1845 to Miss Caroline M. Pope, and unto them were born two children : John E. Ensign, formerly a lawyer of Cleveland, now living in New York, and Carrie J., who married U. L. Marvin, judge of the circuit court of Ohio. Mrs. Ensign still survives her husband at the advanced age of eighty-six years and resides with her daughter, Mrs. Marvin, in Cleveland, only a few blocks from the residence she first occupied in this city sixty years ago. Thus in brief is the life history of John A. Ensign, who in 1849 became a resident of Cleveland and throughout the remainder of his life was largely asso- 140 - HISTORY OF CLEVELAND ciated with the development and upbuilding of this section. "Well descended and well bred," reared in a life of constant and healthful activity, his work was of worth in the world, while his genial companionship and tenacious regard for the simple truth were among the qualities that gave him firm hold on the affec- tions of those with whom he was brought in contact. REV. JOHN J. SCULLEN. Rev. John J. Scullen, assistant pastor of St. Augustine's church of Cleve- land was born in Bellevue, Ohio, March 23, 1878. His early education was acquired in parochial schools ; after which he attended Assumption College at Sandwich, Ontario, Canada. He continued his education in St. Ignatius College of Cleveland, from which he was graduated, and in St. Mary's Seminary of this city. On the 28th of May, 1904, he was ordained to the priesthood and celebrated his first mass on the following day at Bellevue, Ohio, in the Church of the Immaculate Conception. On the 11th of June, 1904, he was appointed assistant pastor of St. Augustine's church, where he has since labored, attending to the duties with consecrated zeal. SAMUEL COOPER BLAKE. The name of Samuel Cooper Blake has figured in connection with many im- portant cases tried in the courts of Cleveland and the extent of his clientage is proof positive of the ability which he displays as a practitioner at the bar. He was born in Euclid, Cuyahoga county, Ohio, December 27, 1855. His father, John M. Blake, was a native of London, England, arriving in America in 1832. In early life he followed the miller's trade and afterward became a shoemaker and was well known. His death occurred September I, 1879. His wife, who ,survived him until the 12th of July, 188o, bore the maiden name of Harriett Lattimer Cooper and was born in Cuyahoga county in 1817. Her family came from East Haddam, Connecticut, settling in this county in 1814, among its pioneer residents. Samuel Cooper Blake was educated in the public schools of Euclid, in Shaw Academy and in Oberlin College, which he attended for three years. This completed his literary course and constituted an excellent foundation upon which to build the superstructure of his legal learning. He then pursued a course in law in the law school of Michigan University at Ann Arbor, where he won the Bachelor of Law degree in 1883. He was honored with the presidency of his class during the senior year. Immediately afterward he entered upon active practice in this city and in 1886 he joined J. A. Smith in the organization of the law firm of Smith & Blake, which continued until 1901. Mr. Blake has since been alone, giving his attention to general civil practice and to probate and office practice, In connection with J. G. White he was attorney for the plaintiff in the tax case against Mayor Johnson and his associates. He has been connected with various other important cases and his handling of legal interests indicates that he is thoroughly familiar with the work of the courts, that he has compre- hensive knowledge of the law and that he is most accurate in the application of legal principles. Aside from his profession he is interested in the Garfield Bank as one of its directors and is a member of its finance committee. On the 26th of June, 1889, Mr. Blake was married to Miss Mary Asenath Camp, of Euclid, and they have two children : Anna H., who formerly attended the East High School and is now a student in Vassar College ; and Allan B., born hr 1894. HISTORY OF CLEVELAND - 143 In his youthful days Mr. Blake served as township clerk at Euclid and was also a member of the school board at that place. He is likewise a member of the Cleveland Bar Association and is identified with the various Masonic bodies, being a Knight Templar Mason nd a veteran member of the Oriental Commandery of the I. 0. 0. F. Actively interested in the work of the Euclid Avenue Congregational church, he is serving as one of its board of deacons and does all in his power to promote the growth and extend the influence of the church. The salient characteristics of his life are industry, diligence and perseverance and as the years have gone by these traits have brought him success and advancement in his chosen field of labor. He is fond of history as a means of recreation and is today a broad-minded man, thoroughly conversant with the topics of vital import affecting the state nd national welfare at the present time. LESTER C. BEARDSLEY. Lester C. Beardsley, now living retired, was for many years actively associated with business interests as an inventor, merchant, and manufacturer. He was born in Canndaigua, in the Mohawk valley of New York, in 1831 and in 1838 came to Cleveland with his stepfather, Jasper B. Carpenter, who first located north of Euclid where he followed farming for a time. The family removed to Columbia, Lorain county, Ohio, when Mr. Beardsley was about fourteen years of age and in his youthful clays he sailed the lakes for a time on the brig Belmont, commanded by Captain Burrows. He then took up the tinsmith's trade, which had great possibilities in those days and which constituted the foundation upon which he built his later success. With a youthful friend he planned to go to California in 1848, following the discovery of gold on the Pacific slope. It was their purpose to proceed by raft down the Ohio and then to New Orleans and they went from Pittsburg as far as Cincinnati, where they spent the winter. In the spring of 1849 Mr. Beardsley started alone for New Orleans and on arriving there secured a position at his trade and remained for several years. While in the Crescent City there was an epidemic of yellow fever, and Mr. Beardsley was attacked by the disease together with eight others in his boarding place, and only two out of the nine survived. In the '50s he made his way north by river, stopping at St. Louis for a year, after which he worked at his trade. In the meantime his people had removed to Vernon, Wisconsin, to which place he made his way in order to visit with relatives. He afterward spent some time in Waukesha and in Milwaukee, Wisconsin, having in the latter city a half-brother, Martin Carpenter, and a sister, Adeline, while his step-sister, Caroline, lived about one hundred miles west of Milwaukee. His mother and his step-father continued to spend their remaining days in Vernon and both were laid to rest in the cemetery at that place. On returning to Cleveland Mr. Beardsley worked at his trade on the different buildings of what is now the Big Four Railroad, between this city and Cincinnati. He was always studying nd planning out some new machinery or device, and invented a ventilator for passenger coaches, but at that time it was too expensive for railroads to use it universally. In 1867 he engaged in the tinware, stove and furnace business at the corner of Michigan and Seneca streets. There he was in business for several years nd subsequently he engaged in the manufacture of powder kegs and tin can packages, the business being conducted as the Beardsley Can & Powder Keg Works. Mr. Beardsley erected a building with thirty feet frontage on Michigan street and a depth of eighty feet. It was three stories in height and back of that, facing on Canal street, was a building one hundred and three feet deep and four stories high which the company also occupied. They employed about two hundred men, nd the enterprise was a profitable one. Mr. Beardsley retired from business in 1893 on account of failing health. He had 144 - HISTORY OF CLEVELAND previously invented a machine known as the Beardsley double seamer for work- ing up tinware without the use of solder. As the years passed his enterprise brought him success, and he' developed an important productive industry, but at length with a handsome competence he retired and is now spending his time in the enjoyment of pleasures and interests for which leisure and wealth equip him. In 1863 Mr. Beardsley wedded Celesta Converse and unto them were born two daughters, Adeline and Lilly. The former is the wife of Andrew Mason and the latter of Richard Harris, and both are still living in Cleveland, At the time of the Civil war Mr. Beardsley offered his services to the gov- ernment and became a private of Company K, One Hundred and Ninety-fifth Ohio Volunteer Infantry, under Captain Edward Vaillant and Colonel Henry B. Banning. He received his discharge from the service in 1865, returning home with a most creditable military record. He cast his first presidential vote for John C. Fremont and has always been an ardent supporter of the republican party, which stood loyally in defense of the Union during the dark days of the Civil war and has always been the party of reform and progress. For a number of years he was a member of the Gentlemen's Driving Club of Glennville, so continuing until its disbandment. He has a fine collection of ribbons taken by various horses which he has owned, for he is a lover of fine stock and always keeps on hand some splendid specimens of the noble steed. Fraternally he is connected with Banner Lodge, I. O. O. F. Mrs. Beardsley died in 1897 and was buried in the family lot in Lakeview cemetery. Mr. Beardsley has now passed the seventy-eighth milestone on life's journey and during much of the time has lived in Cleveland, where he became recognized as a progressive and resourceful business man and an enterprising citizen. He improved the opportunities of early life and of later manhood, learned the lessons that each experience contained and as the years went by directed his labors by a judgment so sound that his activities placed him with Cleveland's men of affluence. FRANK N. FOOTE. Among the younger business men of the Forest city, who are forging their way to the front is Frank N. Foote, manager of the Audit Company of Cleveland and also secretary and treasurer of the Foote-Howard Company. With the exception of his first year, his entire life has been spent in Cleveland, his birth having occurred in Akron, Ohio, on the 7th of June, 1873. The following year his parents, Orlo A. and Sarah Jane (Young) Foote, natives of Pennsylvania, removed from Akron to Cleveland and when he had reached the designated school age the subject of this review entered the primary grade and by successive promotions passed on through the ensuing years until he became a high-school student. When he had put aside his text-books to learn the more difficult lessons in the school of experience he entered the employ of the Bishop & Babcock Company in the capacity of timekeeper. His trustworthiness and capability won him promotion to the position of bookkeeper, in which capacity he continued for ten years. He then came to the Audit Company, which he represented as accountant for three years, after which he spent two years in the position of assistant man- ager and in 1907 won promotion to the position of manager. He is also the sec- retary and treasurer of the Foote-Howard Company, manufacturers' agents of electric supplies with offices in the Caxton building. His fertility of resource and his indomitable energy enable him successfully to manage both interests and in his business career he is making steady progress, each forward step bringing broader outlook and wider opportunities. In 1902 Mr. Foote was joined in wedlock to Miss Maud Maxson, of Ra- venna, Ohio, a daughter of E. W. Maxson, an attorney of that place. They are HISTORY OF CLEVELAND - 145 cordially received into the homes of mny friends, and Mr. Foote is a representative member of the Lakewood Yacht Club and also belongs to Woodward Lodge, No. 508, F. & A. M. His pohtical views accord with the principles that constitute the platform of the republican party, but he takes none but a citizen's interest in politics. His chief source of recreation is found in his automobile for he is an enthusiastic motorist. With a full realization of the fact that success in business must depend upon close application and a watchful improvement of each opportunity he places social, political and fraternal interests as secondary to his life work. FREDERICK N. REED. Frederick N. Reed founded and conducted n extensive millinery business in Cleveland, and the methods which he pursued nd the policy which he followed made him one of the most honored and respected representatives of commercial life in this city. Ohio numbered him among her native sons, and his record was such as reflected credit upon the state. His early educational opportunities were those offered by the rural schools, but later he attended Oberlin College. He entered business life in Clevelnd at the age of eighteen years, accepting the position of bookkeeper in the employ of the A. C. Kendall Dry Goods Company, with whom he continued for about three years. Having the opportunity to make an advantageous change, he entered the services of Scofield Brothers and later was given charge of their store at Akron, Ohio. After remaining as manager of that establishment for a time he went upon the road as traveling salesman fcr a New York house and later was with Isom & Foote, wholesale milliners of Cleveland, for a few years. On the expiration of that period he purchased Mrs. Isom's interest in the business, which he reorganized under the name of Foote, Reed & Company, being thus connected for a few years, when Mr. Foote sold out to Frederick N. Reed and the firm became known as Reed Brothers & Company, C. T. Reed being admitted to a partnership. The brothers worked hard in building up a millinery business that in the course of time became the most extensive in the west. Frederick N. Reed concentrated his undivided attention and energy upon the development of the trade, nd the house stands today as a monument to his ability, his keen foresight and his progressive methods. It is still conducted by his brother and members of the family. Mr. Reed sought out new lines along which to develop the trade, nd the expansion of the business was attributable in large measure to his initiative spirit and his sound judgment, which were manifest in an intelligent appreciation nd utilization of opportunities. He made no false moves nd had no untried standards but along legitimate lines of trade sought and won his success. In 1880 Mr. Reed was united in marriage to Miss Jennie Beggs, of Cleveland, a daughter of Robert Beggs, one of the early residents of this city who came to the new world from Scotland. He possessed many of the sterling characteristics of that race that has had its life among the heather-clad hills, the crags and glens and the lonely heath and plains of Scotland. Coming to America, he was actively engaged in the contracting nd building business of this city for a considerable period and later established his home at Strongville, Ohio, where he lived for twenty years. Unto Mr. and Mrs. Reed was born one daughter, now Mrs. Arthur Climo, of this city. The death of Mr. Reed occurred January 28, 1905. He was a member of the Union, Euclid, Roadside and Country Clubs and popular in those organizations. He was also a member of the Chamber of Commerce and was elected one of its directors. In its work he took a deep and helpful interest, seeking the advancement and improvement of the city along the various lines to which the chamber gave its support. In Masonry he attained high rank. becoming a member of the Consistory nd of the Mystic Shrine. He at- 146 - HISTORY OF CLEVELAND tended St. Paul's church, and his life was actuated by high and lofty purposes. He was especially interested in the growth and progress of Cleveland and aided in support of those measures 'which are matters of civic virtue and civic pride, The qualities of strong and honorable manhood were his, and only kindly regard is associated with the memory of Frederick N. Reed. MAX P. GOODMAN. One of the most notable examples of a man rising from a humble position to one of prominence is Max P. Goodman, widely recognized as one of the leading factors in legal and financial circles in Cleveland. His is the story of a man's life that seems to have been an orderly progression under the steady hand of one who is a constant master of himself and possesses well balanced capacities and powers. He is eminently a man of business. What he has undertaken he has accomplished, and few men of his years have done as much in an equal length of time. Born in Cleveland on the 28th of August, 1872, Max P. Goodman is a son of J. W. and Rosa (Herskowitz) Goodman, both of whom are natives of Austria-Hungary. Coming to America in 1864 the father located in Wellsville, Ohio, and in 1866 removed to Cleveland, where he was connected with various mercantile enterprises until his retirement about ten years ago. He is still living in this city, but his wife died about eight years ago. Max P. Goodman pursued his education in the public schools, continuing his course until he became a high-school student, but at the age of twelve years was obliged to put aside his text-books on account of business reverses of his father's, which necessitated that he provide for his own support. The enterprising spirit of the lad was manifest in the readiness with which he faced the situation and began work. He at first had a small peanut stand and was so successful in the sale of the goobers that he increased his stock and gradually the busin6s devel- oped into a grocery store. After a time he opened a meat market in connection and also engaged in selling coal. He displayed marked industry and unfaltering perseverance, which are the foundation of all success in business. He not only strongly possessed the commercial instinct but, moreover, was endowed with much musical talent, which he cultivated as opportunity offered, and at seventeen years of age he began to play a violin in an orchestra. For several years he de- voted his evening hours to studying music with the intention of following it as a profession. During this time he also continued his high-school studies at home in the evenings, giving especial attention to Latin, grammar and algebra. Two years later he took up the study of shorthand at the Spencerian College and made such rapid advance therein that after five weeks Mr. Humphreys, the superintendent, secured for him a position in the law office of Peter Zucker at his present location. He did not consider the arrangement anything but temporary, yet it proved to be permanent, for after a little time spent in the office he took up the study of law, to which he devoted the hours usually termed leisure. He also continued his orchestra work in the evenings and wrote several musical compositions, among which was McKinley's Inaugural March, used at the time of his inauguration as governor of Ohio. In 1894 Mr. Goodman took the law examination at Columbus, passing with the highest average in a class of fifty-two. He was then admitted to the bar, and returning to Cleveland he entered upon active practice in the Zucker office, becoming associated with Charles Zucker, a partnership which was continued until the death of the latter in 1906. Since that time Mr. Goodman has been alone and in his practice specializes in commercial, real-estate and corporation law. His ability is carrying him into important professional relations. His practice has been extensive, and the many favorable verdicts which he has won are incontrovertible evidence of his ability and comprehensive knowledge of the law. Of notable, resourceful capacity, he has left HISTORY OF CLEVELAND - 149 the impress of his individuality upon business interests outside of specifically professional lines. He promoted the Youngstown & Ohio River Railroad Company, n interurban railway, which is now in operation, is a director of the Bankers Surety Company, secretary nd treasurer of the Trenton Rock Oil & Gas Compny, secretary-treasurer of the Majestic Oil Company, president of the Woodland Building & Improvement Compny, a large real-estate enterprise, vice president and director of the Optimo Lead & Zinc Company and a director in various other corporations. In political circles Mr. Goodman became well known as an active, influential republicn and remained one of the local leaders of the party until his health failed six years ago. In 1900 he was elected a member of the city council and served for one term, during which time he introduced the ordinance which resulted in the appointment of the first grade-crossing committee made by Mayor Farley and resulting in the abolition of grade crossings in the city of Cleveland. While on a pleasure trip in the east he had noticed that many cities were abolishing grade crossings, nd he investigated their systems and other methods of securing the same. Upon his return he drew up an ordinance, which he introduced before the council, and secured its passage. This was turned into a bill by that body and passed in the state legislature, compelling the railroads to comply with the new pln and authorizing the appointment of a grade-crossing commission by the mayor of Cleveland. In his fraternal relations Mr. Goodman is a Mason. He belongs also to the Independent Order of B'nai B'rith and to many other organizations. He likewise holds membership in the Scoville Avenue temple. He resides at East Forty-sixth and Portland streets in the Melvina apartments which he owns, having several other large real-estate holdings here. Starting out in business as a peanut vender, he has acquired a comfortable fortune at the age of thirty-seven years and has won high stnding in financial as well as professional circles. In manner courteous, quiet and unassuming, he possesses nevertheless a social, genial disposition which has won him the warm regard of those who know him. He is recognized as a man of unusual energy nd capacities and has accomplished splendid results. FANNIE COLLINS HUTCHINS, M. D. Dr. Fannie Collins Hutchins, a capable representative of the medical fraternity in Cleveland, is a native of Brooklyn, New York, and a daughter of the Rev. Robert Grosvenor and Harriett (James) Hutchins. The father, a Congregational minister, came to Cleveland in 1895 and was for three years pastor of the Woodlnd Avenue Presbyterian church. He is now pastor of the Knox Avenue Dutch Reformed church in Brooklyn, New York. His family numbered five children, the eldest being Dr. Hutchins of this review. One of her brothers, R. G. Hutchins, is president of the Jeffrey Manufacturing Company, at Columbus, Ohio, while William G. Hutchins is professor of homiletics in Oberlin University. Dr. Hutchins pursued her literary education in Carleton College, of Northfield, Minnesota, and in Oberlin of Ohio. She prepared for a professional career in the medical department of the University of Southern California, from which she was graduated in 1893 with the M. D. degree. She spent a year and a half as resident physician in the Women's and Children's Hospital in San Francisco and thus put her theoretical knowledge to the practical test, while her varied experiences there proved excellent training for the onerous duties of a general practice. Coming to Cleveland she spent two years as assistant physician in the Cleveland State Hospital for the Insane and then entered upon a practice of general medicine in 1900, since which time she has continued in the work of the