GUERNSEY COUNTY COURTHOUSE, CAMBRIDGE, OHIO	1906 PICTURE OF GUERNSEY COUNTY COURTHOUSE, CAMBRIDGE, OHIO
2007 GUERNSEY COUNTY COURTHOUSE, CAMBRIDGE, OHIO	2007 GUERNSEY COUNTY COURTHOUSE, CAMBRIDGE, OHIO

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PREFACE All life and achievement is evolution ; present wisdom comes from past experience, and present commercial prosperity has come only from past exertion and suffering. The deeds and motives of the men that have gone before have been instrumental in shaping the destinies of later communities and states. The development of a new country was at once a task and a privilege. It required great courage, Sacrifice and privation. Compare the present conditions of the people of Guernsey county, Ohio, with what they were one hundred years ago. From a trackless wilderness and virgin land, it has come to be a center of prosperity and civilization, with millions of wealth, systems of railways, grand educational institutions, splendid industries and immense agricultural and mineral productions. Can any thinking person be insensible to the fascination of the study )which discloses the aspirations and efforts of the early pioneers who so strongly laid the foundation upon which has been reared the magnificent prosperity of later days ? To perpetuate the story of these people and to trace and -record the social, political and industrial progress of the community from its first inception is the function of the local historian. A sincere purpose to preserve facts and personal memoirs that are deserving of perpetuation, and which unite the present to the past, is the motive for the present publication. The work has been in the hands of able writers, who have, after much patient study and research, produced here the most complete biographical memoirs of Guernsey county, Ohio, ever offered to the public. A specially valuable and interesting department is that one devoted to the sketches of representative citizens of this county whose records deserve preservation bcause of their worth, effort and accomplishment. The publishers desire to extend their thanks to the gentlemen who have so faithfully labored to this end. Thanks are also due to the citizens of Guernsey county for the uniform kindness with which they have regarded this undertaking and for their many services rendered in the gaining of necessary information. In placing the "History of Guernsey County, Ohio," before the citizens. the publishers can conscientiously claim that they have carried out the plan as outlined in the prospectus. Every biographical sketch in the work has been submitted to the party interested, for correction, and therefore any error of fact, if there be any, is solely due to the person for whom the sketch was prepared. Confident that our effortS to please will fully meet the approbation of the public, we are, Respectfully, THE PUBLISHERS. CONTENTS

CHAPTER I	TOPOGRAPHY AND GEOLOGY	25
Natural Features — Drainage - Forest Trees — Minerals — Landscape—The Streams of the County—Settlement of the County—Zane Trace—Wills Creek-- Origin of Some Geographical Names.
CHAPTER II	INDIAN OCCUPANCY	30
Territory Acquired by White Man—LaSalle's Explorations—British Acquire Title from the French—Colonial Ohio Land Company—George Washington Boquet's Expedition—Indian Disturbances—Battle of Point Pleasant—Northwest Territory Acquired by United States—George Rogers Clark—Indian History—Last Tribes in Ohio--Indian Customs and Amusements—Anecdote. of Col. John McDonald
CHAPTER III	ORGANIZATION OF THE COUNTY	38
Military Land District—Land Surveys Completed—Guernsey County Formed— Civil Townships Organized—County-seat Question—Town Plats of the County —Incorporated Towns—Town. A Lost
CHAPTER IV	EARLY SETTLEMENT OF THE COUNTY	46
½ The First Settler—Pioneer Graham—Early Comers—Life of the Pioneers— First Schools-A Wounded Deer—Indian Camps
CHAPTER V	COUNTY GOVERNMENT	53
Official Record—First Officers—Commissioners Busy—Organization of Townships—The County-Seat Question-The First Court House—The County Jail— County Infirmary—The Children's Home—A Five Year Record—Assessments in 1835—Assessments for 1910—Treasury Defalcations—Resulting Trials.
CHAPTER VI	POLITICAL HISTORY OF THE COUNTY	65
Votes in 1824—The Campaign of 1840—Naphtali Luccock— Origin of Term "Hard Cider and Log-Cabin Campaign"—Notes on the Campaign of 1844—Old Time Flag Poles—The Civil War Period—A Visit to McKinley—Different Votes on Prohibition—Presidential Vote—Gubernatorial Vote—Congressmen —State Senators—Representatives—County Treasurers—Sheriffs—Clerks of the Court—Associate Judges from 1810 to 1851—County Auditors—County Recorders—County Surveyors—County Commissioners—Infirmary Directors —Prosecuting Attorneys—Probate Judges—Coroners.
CHAPTER VII	MILITARY HISTORY OF THE COUNTY	88
An Honorable Military Record—A Revolutionary Character—Soldiers of 1812 --Captain Beymer's Company—Captain Martin's Company—Captain Beatty's Company—Off to the Wars—Soldiers of ,the War of 1812—The Mexican War— The Civil War—The First Company of Cambridge Volunteers—Drafts—Murder of Marshal Cook—Guernsey County Enlistments—Soldiers' Aid Societies —A Regimental Printer—John Morgan's Raid—The Cambridge Scouts—The Spanish-American War — The Cambridge Soldiers' Monument I— Soldiers' Graves—Grand Army of the Republic
CONTENTS
CHAPTER VIII	EDUCATIONAL DEVELOPMENT OF THE COUNTY	117
Early Efforts to Provide Schools--First Free School in Cambridge—Other Early Schools—Spelling Classes—The Cambridge Academy—District School Notice--A Teacher Wanted—Other Educational Institutions — Cambridge Schools—The High School—The First Commencement---The Richland Township Free School—Pioneer School Discipline—Present School Statistics—Cambridge Seminary—Madison College.
CHAPTER IX	CHURCH AND DENOMINATIONAL HISTORY	138
Early Religious Sentiment—The Methodist Episcopal Church—The First and Second Churches at Cambridge—A Disastrous Fire—The Byesville Church, and Societies at Cumberland, Salesville and Other Points—The Christian Churches at Quaker City and Cambridge—The Friends Church—The Catholic Church—Methodist Protestant Church at Cambridge and Byesville—The Presbyterian Church at Cambridge—Cumberland—Lore City— Washington-- Senecaville—Cumberiand Presbyterian Church—United Brethren Church— Evangelical Lutheran Church—Pleasant City, Senecaville and Harmony Congregations—St. John's Episcopal Church— United Presbyterian Churches-Byesvile, Washington, Pleasant Hill, Lebanon and Fairview — Baptist Churches— Macedonia, Goshen, Cumberland and Byesville.
CHAPTER X	SECRET SOCIETIES OF THE COUNTY	167
The First Masonic Lodge—Guernsey Lodge No. 66—Cambridge Chapter No 53, Royal Arch Masons— Guernsey Council No. 74, Royal and Select Masters—Cambridge Commandery No. 47, Knights Templar— Princes of Jerusalem--Nobles of the Mystic Shrine—Guernsey Chapter No. 211, Order of the Eastern Star—Cumberland Lodge No. 134—Mount Pleasant Lodge No. 360— Quaker City Lodge No. 500—Acorn Chapter No. 205, O. E. S.—Cumberland Chapter No. 110, O. E. S.—Quaker City Chapter No. 177, O. E. S.—Pleasant City Chapter No. 227, O. E. S.—The Masonic Temple—Masonic Calendar—Independent Order of Odd Fellows--Cambridge Lodge No. 301—Cambridge Encampment No. 150, Patriarchs Militant—Other Lodges—Knights of Pythias —Cambridge Lodge No. 53—Pleasant City Lodge No. 595—Rathbone Sisters, Golden Rod Temple No. 128—Quaker City Lodge No. 310—Seneca Lodge No. 727—Benevolent and Protective Order of Elks—Cambridge Lodge No. 448.
CHAPTER XI	EDUCATIONAL INTERESTS	178
Hardships of Early Settlers—The Sheep Industry—Statistics of 1876—Report of 1907—Good Fleeces—Agricultural Societies—First Premium List—The Fair at Washington—A Peculiar Season.
CHAPTER XII	RAILWAY, WATER NAVIGATION AND THE OLD PIKE ROAD	185
Early Importance of Transportation—Zane Trace—The Pike, or National Road--The Old Wheeling Road—Survey of the Seven Ranges—New Washington--Early Roads—The Old Pike—Report of Travel—Toll Gates—First Flat or Keel Boat on Wills Creek--First Steamboat—Leaving the Country with a Flatboat—An Early River Venture-The Railroad Era—The Central Ohio (now the Baltimore & Ohio) Railroad—The Cleveland & Marietta Road —Ohio River & Western Railroad.
CHAPTER XIII	THE BAR OF GUERNSEY COUNTY	197
Early Lawyers—First Colored Jury—Death Sentences—First Grand Jury in
CONTENTS
Guernsey County—Present Justices of the Peace—Prominent Early Attorneys--Published Lists—Present Court Officers—Present Members of the Guernsey County Bar.
CHAPTER XIV	THE MEDICAL PROFESSION	203
Efficiency of the Pioneer Doctors—Paper by Dr. C. A. Moore—Early Medical Advertisements—Dr. Andrew Wall—Personal Mention of Members of the Fraternity—List of Early Guernsey County Physicians—Present-Day Physicians —Medical Societies—Keenan’s Hospital.
CHAPTER XVI	NEWSPAPERS OF GUERNSEY COUNTY	215
The First Newspaper—The Guernsey Times—The Washington Republican, the First Democratic Paper—The Jeffersontan—The Guernsey Times—Joseph Sterling Thomas—People's Press—A Curious Editorial The Cambridge Herald—Other Cambridge Newspapers—Newspapers at Pleasant City—Byesville Newspapers— Those at Cumberland—Quaker City Papers.
CHAPTER XVI	BANKS AND BANKING	224
Banks Established Early to Meet a Demand—Wild-cat Money—Discount on Bank Notes-An Old Bank Detecter— Old Time Values—Value of Town Lots— Guernsey County's First Bank—National Bank of Cambridge—Guernsey National Bank—Citizens Savings Bank—Central National Bank—Cambridge Savings Bank—People's Bank—Guernsey Building and Loan Company—Byesville Banking—Banking at Cumberland—Senecaville—Quaker City—Cambridge Loan and Building Company—Bank Failures.
CHAPTER XVII	MINES AND MINING	239
Mineral Resources of Guernsey County—Development of Coal Mines—Statistics—Description of the Large Mines—Smaller Mines of the County—Salt Manufactory—Natural Gas.
CHAPTER XVIII	THE CITY OF CAMBRIDGE	245
Origin of Name—Location—The Oldest House in Town—Levi Morgan—Early History—Settlers—The Whipping Post in Cambridge—Early Deeds Made— Early Business Prospects—The Old Market House— Cambridge Postoffice-- Early Stage Lines and Mail Service—A Postoffice "Primary" Incident—First Telegraph in Cambridge—Municipal History—Present City Officers' —The Public Library—The City Cemeteries— Religious Worship—Temperance Movements—Important Events—Gen. Tom Thumb—First Events—Lorenzo Dow in Cambridge—William Henry Harrison Here—Long-ago Incidents—Old Wills Creek Bridge—A Cambridge Newsboy—Boom the Town—Industrial Cambridge—Prominent Industries—A Cambridge Fire—A Midnight Fire—Fire of 1895--A Terrible Death
CHAPTER XIX	ADAMS TOWNSHIP	281
Boundaries—Old Settlers—Personal Mention of Pioneers Who Settled in the Township
CHAPTER XX	CAMBRIDGE TOWNSHIP	284
One of the Original Five Townships—Present Boundaries and Area—Streams —Roads-Home of the First White Settler in Guernsey County.
CHAPTER XXI	CENTRE TOWNSHIP	285
Area and Boundaries—Early Settlement—Prominent Early Pioneers—Centreville--Craig.
CONTENTS
CHAPTER XXII	JEFFERSON TOWNSHIp	288
A Township Without a Village—Area—Aged Residents of the Township— First Actual Settlers.
CHAPTER XXIII	JACKSON TOWNSHIP	291
Named in Honor of General Jackson—Organization—Area—Pioneers Living in 1882—Prominent Early Families—Byesville—Incorporation History—Factories—Postoffice—Business Directory of 1910.
CHAPTER XXIV	KNOX TOWNSHIP	296
Boundary of the Township—An Agricultural Community—Old Settlers Surviving in 1876—Sketches of Some of the Early Settlers.
CHAPTER XXV	OXFORD TOWNSHIP	298
Physical Description of the Township--Organization of the Township—The Zane Trace—First Settlement in the Township—Platting of Fairview—Postoffice--Mayors—Business Interests.
CHAPTER XXVI	LIBERTY TOWNSHIP	303
Organization—A Good Agricultural Section—A Contented People—Old Residents--Towns and Villages—Kimbolton-Business Interests.
CHAPTER XXVII	RICHLAND TOWNSHIP	306
Description of Township—Early Settlers—Towns and Villages—Lore City— Incorporation and Town Officers—Senecaville—Incorporation--Business Interests in 1910—Early Conditions and Events.
CHAPTER XXVIII	MILLWOOD TOWNSHIP	311
Area—Rich in Agricultural and Mineral Resources—Aged Early Settlers Surviving in 1876—Prominent Families—True Pioneer Hall—Shroud and Coffin— Towns and Villages—Millwood, now Quaker City- Salesville—Its Inception —Present History—Business Factors—Incorporation of Quaker City—Present Business Interests—Town Officers
CHAPTER XXIX	MONROE TOWNSHIP	320
Formerly a Part of Jefferson Township—Area—Drainage—New Birmingham —Pioneers Surviving in 1876.
CHAPTER XXX	MADISON TOWNSHIP	322
Organization—First Election—List of Aged Pioneers in 1876—Edward Bratton, the First White Settler—Other Pioneers.
CHAPTER XXXI	SPENCER TOWNSHIP	124
Organization and First Election—Boundary—Irrigation and Drainage—Pioneer Names—First Settlers—Town of Cumberland—Facts of Interest—Business Factors in 1910.
CHAPTER XXXII	WHEELING TOWNSHIP	329
Boundary and Area—Streams and Roads--First Settler—The Pioneer Band— Town of Guernsey—Bird's Run—A Strange Natural Formation
CHAPTER XXXIII	WESTLAND TOWNSHIP	332
One of the Original Townships—Physical Characteristics—Early Settlers— survivors in 1876.
CONTENTS
CHAPTER XXXIV	LONDONDERRY TOWNSHIP	335
Area and Boundary—Old Residents in 1876—Platting of Londonderry—Early Organization of Quakers—Early-day School Facilities.
CHAPTER XXXV	WASHINGTON TOWNSHIP	337
Boundary—Drainage—A Good Agricultural Section—Its Early Settlers—Levi Williams, the Pioneer—Towns and Villages—Antrim—Winchester.
CHAPTER XXXVI	WILLS TOWNSHIP	341
Location--Well Watered—Prominent Early Settlers Surviving in the Centennial Year—Woolen Factory— Pioneers—Towns and Villages of the Township-Elizabethtown—Washington -Present Officers and Population—Present Business Interests—An Early Sketch—Originally Called Beymerstown—Frankfort —Village of Derwent—Formerly a Sheep-Raising District.
CHAPTER XXXVII	VALLEY TOWNSHIP	349
Organization and Location—A Rich Mineral Section—First Settlers—Pleasant City—Its History, as Told by Abe T. Secrest—Business Factors of 1910—Municipal History—Buffalo (old Hartford)—Old Mills—Fire—Present Interests.
CHAPTER XXXVIII	MISCELLANEOUS EVENTS OF INTEREST	357
Unique Advertisements—A Slave Case—The "Underground Railroad"—Some Peculiar Notices—Siamese Twins—Cambridge Markets in 1837 and 1854—Market Prices at Later Dates—Present Prices—California Gold Fever Here—The Pennyroyal Reunion Society—A Curious Old Paper—Early Highway Robbery—Henry Clay in Cambridge—Colonel Sarchet's Birthday Banquet—Early Guernsey County Marriages—A Human Team— Meteoric Shower of 1833—Cyclones—Hail Storm in 1820—Cold Weather Statistics—Oldest Man in the County--Grave Robbing—The First Mails—Daring Mail Robbery—Postoffices in 1895—Guernsey County's Man-Woman—Days of Mourning—Death of President Harrison—President Lincolnls Assassination—Death of President Garfield—President Grant's Memorial Services—Death of President McKinleySarchet Brothers and Their Bible—An Old Bridge.
CHAPTER XXXIX	GENERAL REMINISCENCES	393
Pioneer Incidents—Salt for Wheat—The Old Mill—Flour and Salt—Pack Saddle—An Indian Weddings--Early Whiskey-dog Trial—County's Pioneers—Local Historical Sketch—Early Days on Wills Creek—Sarchet Gives Some History —General Jackson's Visit to Cambridge—"From Hen to Mouth"—The Old Pike and Early Inns.