100 - CINCINNATI—THE QUEEN CITY bill clerk and five years later, in 1890, he associated with others in organizing the National Hardware Company, which succeeded to the business of Neave & Company. Although Mr. Niehaus was at the time not twenty-one years of age, he became a member of the new firm and has been one of the factors contributing largely to its success. The firm sells carriage supplies and confines itself entirely to this line. It is the largest concern of the kind in Cincinnati and the state of Ohio and its business extends to all the principal centers o the United States, showing an increase from year to year which is highly gratifying. On the 22d of June, 1892, Mr. Niehaus was married to Miss Clara Brinker a daughter of Mr. and Mrs. Gerhardt Brinker, whose golden wedding, was celebrated at the home of Mr. Niehaus. Mr. Brinker is now eighty-seven years old and is living retired after many years of successful application to business in this city. Seven children have been born to Mr. and Mrs. Niehaus, two of whom, Leo and Paul, are deceased. The former died in February, 1908, at the age of thirteen years and six months, and the latter died in infancy. The other children are; Josephine, who is a graduate of the Cedar Grove Academy; Harry, who is now a student at St. Joseph's College ; Angela, who is attending Cedar Grove Academy ; and Robert and Charles. Mr. Niehaus and his family reside in an elegant and commodious home, which was erected by •him in 1899 at 836 Suire avenue. He is an active member of the Cincinnati Business Men's Club and socially is connected with the Benevolent Protective Order of Elks. He has gained for himself a highly creditable position in the business world, his advancement being due entirely to his application and the interest which from the start he has shown in his business. He is a good salesman and a competent manager and has aimed to keep abreast of the movements which in this wonderful twentieth century have made the United States in many respects the leading nation of the world. J. C. EVANS, M. D. Among the medical practitioners of the eclectic school in Cincinnati is Dr. J. C. Evans, who has his office at No. 2948 Colerain avenue. For eighteen years he has continued in his chosen field of labor, working earnestly and conscientiously both in the field of general practice and in the educational field as well. A native of New York, he was born in Utica, on the 12th of February. 1873 and at the usual age entered the public schools there, while later he pursued his studies in the Utica Academy. He took up the study of medicine and surgery at the Utica City Hospital, afterward coming to Cincinnati, where he was graduated from the Eclectic Medical College of Cincinnati, in 1893. It was soon demonstrated that his theoretical knowledge would stand the test of active practice and throughout his professional career he has shown himself thoroughly capable in applying his knowledge to the needs of a specific case. His labors have been attended by gratifying success and the general public recognizes his ability. For several years, or until the fall of 1910, he was professor of general diagnosis at the Eclectic Medical College, having charge of CINCINNATI—THE QUEEN CITY - 101 the clinical diagnosis department. He is now surgeon for the Big Four Railroad Company and makes a specialty of general surgery. Deftness and delicacy of touch and calmness of nerve are features in the excellence of his work in that department of professional practice. He is a member of the Southwestern Eclectic Medical Society, the Ohio State Eclectic Medical Society and the National Eclectic Medical Association. In 1895 Dr. Evans was united in marriage to Miss Anna E. Reibold, of Terre Haute, Indiana, and their present home is hospitably opened to their many friends. His fraternal relations are with the Masons and in the order he has attained high rank, being a member of Cincinnati Commandery of Knights Templar, the Ohio Valley Consistory of Scottish Rite Masons, thirty-second degree, and the Mystic Shrine. He is also a member of the Cincinnati Business Men's Club and other civic organizations. Since the 1st of January, Iwo, he has represented the twenty-second ward as a member of the board of education, where he will be remembered as having established and developed the Washington evening high school, the third evening high school ever organized in the city, Ills interest in matters closely related to the welfare and progress of the city is deep and sincere and his association with the public school system has been made a valuable service in that connection. ROBERT H. BRAMKAMP. Robert H. Bramkamp, of the Buckeye Wrecking & Building Company, is one of the enterprising and progressive representatives of business interests in Cincinnati, belonging to the younger generation of men who are attracting attention in local commercial circles for their ambition and energy. His father, who acted as an influential force in organizing the company above mentioned, is Louis C. Bramkamp. The latter was born in Louisville, Kentucky, in 1842, but came with his parents to Cincinnati, Ohio, when an infant. He acquired his education in the public schools and for one year was a student in Wittenberg College, at Springfield, Ohio, after which he entered the army, enlisting as a private with the Fourth Ohio Cavalry, which he helped to organize. Later he reenlisted, serving in all three and one-half years. Upon receiving his honorable discharge he returned to Cincinnati and took his place in the ranks of the business men in the capacity of treasurer and superintendent of the Cincinnati Barbed Wire Fence Company, with which he was connected from 1883 to 1895. At the end of that time he engaged in the manufacture of bicycles as a mem ber of the firm known as the Norwood Bicycle Company, with which he remained until 1895. In this year Louis C. Bramkamp, and Charles F. Sievers organized the Buckeye Wrecking & Building Company. Louis C. Bramkamp was united in marriage to Miss Anna Belmer, who was born in Brunswick, Germany, and at the age of twelve years accompanied her parents to this country. Robert H. Bramkamp was born August 22, 1877, and pursued his secondary education in the Hughes high school. He then attended the Cincinnati University, from which he was graduated with the degree of B. S. in 1899. On entering, upon 102 - CINCINNATI—THE QUEEN CITY his business career he joined his father in the bicycle manufacturing industry with which the latter was then connected, and worked in this capacity until 1903, when he became a member of the Buckeye Wrecking & Building Company and in conjunction with his father bought out the interests of Charles F. Sievers and the other stockholders. In 1907 his father retired from the firm, selling his interest in the business to his son, Robert H. Bramkamp. The latter has since that time assumed the heavy responsibilities of ownership and management and has concentrated his efforts on the upbuilding of the industry with which he is identified. Progress is the keynote of his character and is manifest in the conduct of his business and the methods which he employs. Keen discernment and the ability to meet every phase of n involved business situation have been potent factors in winning for him the recognition of those who have watched him rise in his career. In 1907 Robert H. Bramkamp was married to Miss Grace Atkinson, a daughter of Robert Atkinson, of Cincinnati. One son was born of this union, Allan Kenneth. The Bramkamp family holds membership in the First English Lutheran church, in which R. H. Bramkamp is a deacon and holds the position of superintendent of Sunday school, this being the largest Sunday school in Hamilton county. He is a man of sterling integrity and although young has already left his impress upon the business life of Cincinnati. HON. MORRIS LYON BUCHWALTER. For forty years past Cincinnati has numbered Hon. Morris Lyon Buchwalter among its esteemed citizens and it would be difficult to name a man who possesses in a higher degree the confidence of the .people of this city. This position he has reached by conscientious devotion to an honorable calling and by a straightforward and consistent course throughout his entire life. He was born at Hallsville, Ross county, Ohio, September 8, 1846, a son of Levi and Margaret (Lyon) Buchwalter. The father was for many years engaged in farming in Ross county. He and his wife are now deceased. Morris L. Buchwalter received his early education in the district schools of Ross county, then became a student of the Ohio Wesleyan University at Delaware, Ohio, and later changed his allegiance to Cornell University at Ithaca, New York, from which he received the degree of A. B. in 1869, being a member of the first class graduated from that institution. He was elected to membership in the Phi Beta Kappa Society. Immediately after receiving his diploma he came to Cincinnati and entered the Cincinnati Law School, from which he was graduated in 1870 with the degree of LL. B. He began general practice in this city and soon gained recognition as an energetic, reliable and progressive young lawyer who shirked no responsibility and spared no time or effort in sustaining any cause in which he was engaged. As the years passed he gained a prominent position at the bar and on November 4, 1881, was appointed by Governor Charles Foster, of Ohio, judge of the common-pleas court of the first judicial district of Ohio to fill a vacancy caused by the election of Judge Nicholas Longworth to the supreme court of Ohio. He having been regularly CINCINNATI—THE QUEEN CITY - 103 elected for the full term in that court in October of that year and subsequently reelected for a second and third term, having also been indorsed by the vote of the bar of Hamilton county during three judicial elections, his judicial service ended February, 1897. He discharged the duties of his position with the greatest impartiality, and his decisions rank among the clearest expositions of law enunciated from the common pleas bench. Previous to filling the position of judge he served as trustee of Cincinnati University. He has never occupied any other appointive or elective office but since his retirement from the bench has devoted his attention to the duties of his profession. On May 14, 1873, Mr. Buchwalter was married to Miss Louise Zimmerman, a daughter of Hon. John Zimmerman, of Wooster, Ohio. Mrs. Buchwalter died in 1902, leaving six children, namely : Luther L., engaged in the manufacturing business at Springfield, Ohio; Robert Z., an attorney of Cincinnati; Margaret L., the wife of Dr. H. B. Martin, of Springfield; Helen E., the wife of John Van Nortwick, of Batavia, Illinois; Morris, who resides at Hallsville, Ohio; and Louise, who married H. Cameron Forster, of Middletown, Ohio. On the 22nd of July, 1909, he married Mary F. Knox, of Lakewood, New Jersey, formerly registrar of Smith College, a daughter of Rev. Charles E. Knox, deceased, formerly president of the German Theological Seminary, of Newark, New Jersey. Politically Judge Buchwalter has been identified with the republican party ever since he reached maturity. He has made a study of Free Masonry and belongs to the Scottish Rite, being a thirty-third degree member of the order having been elected as such in 1894. He is a member of Ohio Alpha of the Phi Kappa Psi college fraternity and was one of the founders of the New York Alpha, at Cornell University. He holds membership in the Loyal Legion of Ohio, on account of his brother, Luther M., who was a captain in Company A, Seventy-third Ohio Volunteer Infantry, and gave up his life for the Union at the midnight battle of Lookout Valley (Wauhatchie). He is a man of dignified presence and as he still possesses much of the vigor of middle life, he apparently has before him many years of usefulness. WILLIAM F. RAY. William F. Ray, secretary and general manager of the Clifton Springs Distilling Company, which official position he has occupied since 1907, was born in Cincinnati, September 19, 1861. The family is of English lineage although long represented in America, William Ray, the grandfather of William F. Ray, having been a native of Albany, New York. Charles J. Ray, the father, was a painting contractor of Cincinnati and was born in this city in 1829. During the Civil war he enlisted for service in the Union army and was mustered out at the close of hostilities in 1865. Ten years later he passed away and was buried in St. Joseph's cemetery in Price Hill. He had married Eliza L. Maggni. who survived him for a long period, her death occurring in 1902, when she was seventy-eight years of age. She, too, was laid to rest in the family lot in St. Joseph's cemetery. 104 - CINCINNATI—THE QUEEN CITY William F. Ray began his education in the Eighth street school and afterward attended the Cathedral school prior to completing a course in the Hughes high school with the class of 1878. Following his graduation he secured a position with the firm of R. G. Dun & Company on Third and Walnut streets, serving in a clerical capacity until November, 1880, when he took a position with the firm of Caleb Dodsworth, a distiller. In 1887 the business was incorporated under the name of the Clifton Springs Distilling Company. He remained in a clerical position under the new organization and was promoted from time to time, serving as bookkeeper, cashier and in other places of trust an responsibly until in 1907 he was chosen general manager. He has thus served as an officer and director of the company si1thits incorporation. On the 111th of June, 1907, in Cincinnati, Mr. Ray was united in marriage to Miss Adele Daller, a daughter of. John C. Daller, a very prominent jeweler of this city. They reside at No. 4225 Hamilton avenue in Cumminsville. Mr. Ray is an independent republican, usually casting his ballot with the party, yet supporting the men of the opposite political faith if he believes that the best interests of the community will be thereby conserved. He holds membership with the Benevolent Protective Order of Elks and with the National Association of Steam Engineers. He is a member of the Cincinnati Business Men's Club amd the Chamber of Commerce and cooperates in all carefully formulated projects of those organizations for the improvement of the city and the development of its trade interests. He is likewise connected with the Smoke Abatement Leagu and is interested in all that pertains to Cincinnati's welfare and progress. Of the Northside Business Club he was one of the organizers and the first president and his efforts have at all times been of a practical character where the welfare of the city is involved. JAMES N. RAMSEY. James N. Ramsey, patent lawyer, is a native Buckeye and was born Thursday, June 8, 1865 on the farm of his great-uncle, Daniel Cole, at Blackman’s Grove, Plymouth township, Richland county. He is of Scotch-Irish descent. his paternal great-great-grandparents being Alexander Ramsey and Elizabeth (Lockard) Ramsey who emigrated from the North of Ireland to North Caro;oma about the middle of the eighteenth century and shortly thereafter located in York county, Pennsylvania, where his great-grandfather, James Ramsey, was born. His father, James Emmor Ramsey, was an energetic farmer who was noted for his many kind and generous deeds. Through his mother, Margaret (Cole) Ramsey, of De Kalb, Ohio, a noble and estimable lady, whose ancestors were the Coles and Champions, he inherits Dutch and English blood, and tje union of these strains blending in Mr. Ramsey forms the true American. He is the youngest of a family of four children. His only sister, Mary Elizabetj. is the wife of Aaron J. Shively, a successful farmer near Hamler, Ohio. His brother, Barnet Cole Ramsey, a nurseryman, resides with his family at De Kalb, Ohio, and his brother, John William Ramsey, died in infancy. CINCINNATI—THE QUEEN CITY - 107 James Newton Ramsey was a farmer's boy, and as such, he acquired sturdy habits is of morality and industry. He worked upon the farm and attended common school until the age of sixteen when he began teaching school and by this occupation, during the four succeeding years, worked his way through the Ohio Northern University at Ada, Ohio, and the Toledo Business College. In 1885 he entered the patent law offices of Parkinson & Parkinson at Cincinnati, Ohio, and, after pursuing the regular course, upon examination in 1891, was admitted to the bar of the supreme court of Ohio. In 1893 he was admitted to practice in the United States circuit court, in 1894 to the United States circuit court of appeals, and in 1896 to the United States supreme court. As a patent lawyer and solicitor he has been practicing before the United States patent office for the past twenty years. Mr. Ramsey never held any public office except that of United States commissioner in and for the sixth circuit and southern district of Ohio, to which he was appointed in 1891 by the late Judge George R. Sage. He held for this office for several years, discharging its responsibilities in a manner, that met the entire approval of the court. On August 21, 1890, Mr. Ramsey was married to Miss Ida Alice Neville, a daughter of the Rev. William and Lydia Jane (Hartsough) Neville of Galion, Ohio. Her father is a well known preacher of the United Brethren church, and four of her brothers, a sister-in-law and one nephew are physicians. Mrs. Ramsey, while very domestic in her habits is also active in church and social life. She excels as an elocutionist and is past worthy matron of Arra Chapter, No. 160, O.E. S. Two daughters were horn of this union, Norma Neville, who died in infancy and Alta Fern, a charming girl who is now a student at the Woodward high school. Mr. Ramsey, while thoroughly independent, is a republican, was president of the Evanston Republican Club during the McKinley campaign, and an officer of the Stamma Republican League. He was also a candidate for council and for mayor on the republican ticket. He is an active member of Trinity Methodist Episcopal church which he joined January 3, 1886, when Bishop Isaac W. Joyce was the pastor, having been baptized by him in the Central Christian church by immersion. He was formerly its financial secretary and has for several years past served as president of the board of trustees. He has devised plans for increasing church attendance and his system of invitation, membership and parish census cards is highly efficient for down-town church work. He is past master of Lafayette Lodge No. 81, F. & A. M.; a member of Cincinnati Chapter No. 2, R. A. M.; Cincinnati Council No. 1, R. & S. M. and S. E. M.; Cincinnati Commandery No. 3, Knights Templars ; Ohio Consistory, Scottish Rite; and Syrian Temple, A. A. O. N. Mystic Shrine; secretary of the Society of Past Masters, F. & A. M., of Hamilton county; past patron of Arra Chapter No. 160, O. E. S.; past high chief ranger and past high counselor of the Independent Order of Foresters ; a member of The Engineers' Club ; and has a host of warm personal friends in the various organizations with which he is connected. Mr. Ramsey and his family live in their beautiful home at Evanston, a suburb of Cincinnati, with which he has been identified since 1898, when as a pioneer he built their present residence. He was one of the prime factors in the move- Vol. IV-6 108 - CINCINNATI—THE QUEEN CITY ment which resulted in the setting out of two thousand shade trees and has justly earned the titles of "tree man" and "Forester of Evanston." He was president of the Evanston School Association and was instrumental in securing the erection of a beautiful 'new public-school building for that suburb. He is also a member of the Evanston Welfare Association, an organization which has done much for the good of Evanston, and has served as its treasurer and on various committees. A public speaker of ability, a man of unusual activity, originality, tact and judgment, his influence has ever been directed along channels of usefulness, and his greatest ambition has been to enhance the happiness of his fellows. He justly ranks high in the estimation of all with whom he comes into contact and is recognized as one of the most progressive and enterprising men of Cincinnati. Mr. Ramsey supplemented his natural aptitude for mechanical subjects by a course at the Ohio Mechanics' Institute. After qualifying himself he engaged in the general practice of law, including patents and trade-marks, but soon found that his services were demanded exclusively in the patent and trade-mark practice. As a patent and trade-mark lawyer he has had charge of many important cases both in the United States courts and in the United States patent office, in the conduct of which he has been highly successful and he is now recognized as one of the leading patent lawyers of the country. His offices are at 604, Johnston building, Cincinnati, Ohio. FITZ P. BOISSEAU. Fitz P. Boisseau, freight claim agent for the Big Four, has been connected with the railway service during practically the entire period of his business life. He is a native of Petersburg, Virginia, his birth having occurred in that city, on February 1, 1868, and is a son of John F. P. and Fannie (Parham) Boisseau. The family is of French descent. The ancestors being Huguenots and coming from France at a very early day, settled in South Carolina. The father who was engaged in mercantile pursuits. was identified with the commercial activities of Petersburg until the opening of the Civil war. He then entered the Confederate service and went to the front, where he received wounds that ultimately proved fatal. The attack was made from ambush, the bullets entering his lungs and subsequently resulting in his death. When he was in his early childhood Richmond, Virginia, became the home of Fitz P. Boisseau. There he was reared to manhood obtaining his education in the common schools of that city. When sufficiently qualified to begin his life work he obtained a place in the superintendent's office of the Southern Railay, under W. H. Greene. He subsequently withdrew from this position and for two years thereafter was engaged in the hay, grain and lumber business. At the expiration of that period he again entered the railway service in the capacity of bill clerk in the local office of the company he had formerly worked for. About 1887 he left Richmond and joined the Kanawha Dispatch as clerk, remaining with them until December, 1888, when he came to Cincinnati. where in 1891 he became connected-with the Big Four and has ever since been in their CINCINNATI—THE QUEEN CITY - 109 employ. Mr. Boisseau is a very capable and efficient man, well adapted to the position he is filling so satisfactorily, both to the company and their patrons. He is a member of the Transportation Club, through the medium of which he maintains relations with others identified with the same vocation, and he is also affiliated with the Business Men's Club and the Hamilton County Golf Club. Mr. Boisseau by reason of his official position is widely known in the commercial circles of Cincinnati, and numbers among his business acquaintances many personal friends who hold him in high regard. HERMAN F. CELLARIUS. Herman F. Cellarius, manager of the sales department of the Clifton Springs Distilling Company, was born at Dayton, Ohio, January 26, 1864. He comes of German ancestry, his father, Henry Cellarius, being a native of Germany, whence he came to the United States in 1848, making his way first to Cincinnati. He afterward removed to New Orleans and subsequently took up his abode in Dayton, Ohio, where he engaged in business as a hat merchant and was also secretary and director of the Permanent Building & Savings Association, occupying a prominent position in business circles of his adopted city. There he died April 30, 1907, at the age of seventy-eight years and was laid to rest in the Woodland cemetery. His widow, Mrs. Mary C. Cellarius, is still living in Dayton, Herman F. Cellarius is indebted to the public schools of Dayton for much of his education. lie was graduated with honor from the Central high school with the class of 1882 and subsequently pursued a business course in the Dayton Commercial College. He entered business life as a newspaper reporter but eventually became city editor of the Dayton Daily Democrat, being thus identified with the paper for six years. He was also connected with the Dayton Daily Monitor, the predecessor of the Dayton Daily News. While thus engaged in newapaper work he was in 1886 elected clerk of the Dayton board of education for one term. In 1889 he was chosen to the superintendency of the board of trade of Dayton and served until June I, 1891, when he was appointed inspector of the Building & Loan Association of the state of Ohio and organized the department under the Corcoran act which had just been passed by the general assembly, creating a bureau of building and loan associations in the insurance department of the state. There he continued until September 1, 1893. In November of the same year he was appointed chief deputy collector of internal revenue for the first district of Ohio under Collector James H. Dowling, and also occupied that position under the administration of Collector Bettmann. On the 1st of July, 1905, by appointment of President Roosevelt he became collector of internal revenue for the first district of Ohio and so remained until October 16, 1907, when he resigned the office to become manager of the Clifton Springs Distilling Company to succeed James T. McHugh, who had died a short time previous. His previous long experience in official positions qualified him for the onerous duties that devolved upon him in this connection. He has been interested for a great many years in the building and loan association movement 110 - CINCINNATI—THE QUEEN CITY in the United States and in 1896 was elected secretary of. the United Stares League of Local Building and Loan Associations. That his service in this connection has won uniform commendation is indicated by the fact that he has been reelected successively since that time and is still incumbent in the office. The statistics prepared by him for the association are received as recognized authority and are incorporated annually in the report of the comptroller of the currency and in the statistical abstract of the United States. Mr. Cellarius is also president of the San Marco Building & Loan Association to which office he was called in 1898. He is also a director of the Permanent Building & Savings Association of Dayton, which office he has held for many years. For a long period he has also served on the board of trustees of the Hamilton County League of Building Associations and for an extended period has been a member of the executive committee of the Ohio Building Association League, which he was instrumental in organizing in 1889. He served for two years as a director of the Cincinnati Chamber of Commerce and at the present writing is the second vice president of that organization. In Miamisburg, Ohio, on the 1st of October, 1889, was celebrated the marriage of Mr. Cellarius and Miss Sallie E. Kinder, a daughter of John E. and Elizabeth Kinder, and a representative of one of the old Miamisburg families. Mr. and Mrs. Cellarius have three children, namely : Charles F., now a student at Yale University ; Mary Elizabeth, a graduate of the Norwood high school and Anna Kinder, who is attending the Norwood high school. Mr. Cellarius purchased the present home of the family at No. 3843 Forest avenue, Norwood in 1899. It is a hospitable place where good cheer and unfeigned cordiality are extended to their many friends. Mr. Cellarius votes with the republican party and is thoroughly informed concerning the important questions of the day. He is perhaps best known in connection with his work in behalf of building and loan associations and no one in Ohio is better informed concerning such organizations, the legal phase of the business and the possibilities for the successful conduct of such interests both in behalf of stockholders and their clients. He has studied the question in every possible phase and from every possible stand point and his work in this connection has met with widespread approval. He is also a recognized authority on questions arising under the internal revenue laws, as his long connection with that government department has given him a wide experience. FRANK FORBUS DINSMORE. An energetic and faithful practitioner at the bar of Hamilton county is Frank Forbus Dinsmore. From the beginning of his professional life, twenty-one years ago, he has been thoroughly earnest and efficient and today he stands among the successful lawyers of Cincinnati and has a reputation for ability and a knowledge of the law which can be gained only through years of conscientious endeavor. He comes of Scotch ancestry on the paternal side and was born at Cincinnati December 22, 1869, a son of Henry and Rebecca Jane (Wat- CINCINNATI—THE QUEEN CITY - 111 kins) Dinsmore. The father was born in Ireland of Scotch parentage and the mother was born in Ohio. The public schools of Portsmouth, Ohio, supplied the foundation for the education of Mr. Dinsmore. He early gave evidence of good mental endowments and having determined to become a lawyer, matriculated at the Cincinnati Law School, graduating with highest honors in 1891 with the degree of LL B. He chose Cincinnati as his field of labors and in October, 1891, opened office, for the practice of law. He served as assistant corporation counsel in —5-6, resigning before the expiration of his term of appointment to accept the position of assistant county solicitor which he held from 1897-1900. Since tiring from public office, in January, 1900, he has concentrated his attention pon his private practice and there are few attorneys of his age in Cincinnati who can claim a more substantial success than has rewarded his efforts. On the 24th of June, 1896, at Ironton, Ohio, Mr. Dinsmore was united in marriage to Miss Mary E. Campbell, a (laughter of Joseph H. Campbell, a representative of a pioneer family which founded the city. Three children have come to brighten the home of Mr. and Mrs. Dinsmore, Joseph C., Jane and Campbell. Mr. Dinsmore is a man of strong convictions and of strictest integrity and his upright character and singleness of purpose are noticeable features of his career. Socially he is connected with the Masonic order and the Knights of Pythias, being also a member of the Business Men's Club and the Queen City Club. His religious faith is indicated by his membership in the Presbyterian church of Avondale. THOMAS B. PUNSHON. Thomas B. Punshon, a civil engineer, specializing in his practice in the department of landscape engineering, was born September 6, 1855, a son of John W. and Ruth (Langdon) Punshon. He comes of English ancestry, his grandfather being the Rev. Robert Punshon who was born in Sunderland, Durham county, England, July t t, 1777. Robert Punshon having arrived at years of maturity, was married August 24, 1800, to Elizabeth Wilkinson. On attaining his majority he joined the Masonic fraternity and the beneficent spirit of the craft was manifest throughout his entire life in his thoughtful relations to his fellowmen. He was also honored by Sea Captains' Lodge, to which he belonged, being elected worshipful master. He also took the Royal Arch and Knight Templar degrees there. Several years after his initiation into the fraternity and two years after his marriage he came to the United States, arriving in New York in 1802, during a yellow-fever epidemic, and occupied his whole time rushing from house to house administering to the physical and spiritual wants of the afflicted until the epidemic subsided. He then went to Philadelphia and later to Chester, Pennsylvania, and in 1822 came to Cincinnati. He served as collector of internal revenue in this city under President Jackson and was for years in the post-office with William Burke. He was also a lay minister of the Methodist Episcopal church and throughout his entire life labored earnestly for the welfare and uplift of his fellowmen. He was spoken of by a fellow 112 - CINCINNATI—THE QUEEN CITY member of the Masonic fraternity as a faithful friend whose mind was highly cultivated and who in his fraternal relations was an ardent Mason, a devoted friend, companionable to a fault, and because of the natural urbanity of his manner was accessible at all times to the humblest brother of the mystic tie. He departed this life August I, 1848, at the age of seventy-one years. During the last three years of his life he was confined wholly to his room but his mental faculties remained unimpaired. A friend often asked him during his last days to write a little sketch of his life but he modestly declined, remarking that he wished to pass through the world and out of it unnoticed and unknown, and without a stone to tell where he lay. During his long illness he maintained an unshaken confidence in the truths of the revealed religion and leaned for support upon its promises. During all of his residence in Cincinnati he became identified with the various Masonic bodies and was one of the most prominent representatives of the order. His son, John W. Punshon, was born in Chester, Pennsylvania, in 1820, and was therefore very young when he was brought by his father to Cincinnati, where practically his entire life was passed. He pursued his education in the public schools and in early manhood entered the postoffice as assistant to his father. He afterward engaged in business as a broker and auctioneer but died at the comparatively early age of thirty-seven years. He was prominent in politics, was one of the founders of the republican party and an active worker in its ranks. He married Miss Ruth Langdon, a daughter of Oliver Langdon, who came to Cincinnati in 1807 from Wilbraham, Massachusetts. He was at one time the owner of about three hundred acres of land in the eastern part of the city, seventy-five acres of which are now included within the new Ault park. Both grandfathers of Thomas B. Punshon were soldiers of the Revolutionary war, one serving as an officer. William Brown, the grandfather of Mrs. Ruth Langdon Punshon, was buried in the old cemetery at Columbia, now Cincinnati. He was a Revolutionary soldier from Stamford, Connecticut, and had charge of the blockhouse at Columbia during the Indian raids. In the earlier period of Cincinnati's history Mrs. Ruth Punshon was connected with its educational development. She was a graduate of Pickett's College, which was located on the present site of the Carew building, and from 1839 until 1844 she engaged in teaching school where the Cincinnati Law School now stands. She was also a devoted and faithful member of the old Wesley Chapel from 1839. By her marriage she became the mother of five children: Lizzie P., now the wife of W. H. Hopkins, of Cincinnati ; Robert L., also of this city ; Annie P., the wife of John Thompson, of Cincinnati ; John W., deceased; and Thomas B. The last named was sent as a pupil to the public schools and was afterward employed in the office of Joseph Earnshaw, a civil engineer, with whom he continued as an employe until 1890, when his ability was recognized in his admission to a partnership under the firm name of Earnshaw & Punshon. The senior partner died in 1906 and Mr. Punshon has since been alone, specializing in landscape engineering. He served two years as city engineer of Cincinnati and has attained high rank in his professional specialty and his opinions are largely accepted as authority concerning intricate and involved problems. Many CINCINNATI—THE QUEEN CITY - 113 evidences of his ability are found in Cincinnati and throughout the surrounding country. In 1895 occurred the marriage of Mr. Punshon and Miss Louise Schulte, of Cincinnati, and to them has been born a daughter, Ruth. Mr. Punshon is a member of the Ohio Society of the Sons of the Revolution and of the Cincinnati Engineers Club, the Architects Club, the New England Society and the Commercial Association, all of which indicates the nature and breadth of his interests and activities. He is likewise a member of Dr. Thayer's Unitarian church, of which he is a trustee. He is a progressive, public-spirited citizen with whom patriotism is ever before partisanship and the faithful performance of duty before self interest or aggrandizement. He is thoroughly qualified for his profession and has made substantial progress therein by reason of his ability and indefatigable industry. PHILIP RENNER. In the list of successful attorneys of Cincinnati stands the name of Philip Renner, for twenty-seven years past, honorably identified with the profession for which he is thoroughly qualified by native ability, education and practical experience. He was born in this city, September 20, 1863, and ,has spent his entire life here. His parents were Joseph and Caroline (Schmidt) Renner. The father was born in Bavaria, Germany, in 1825, and the mother in Rhenish Prussia, in 1832. Mr. Renner, Sr., possessed fine opportunities of education and was graduated at the University of Munich. In 1853 he came to America and settled in Cincinnati, where he engaged in the brewery business, with which he was connected for a number of years. He retired a few years before his death, which occurred in October, 1881. The mother passed away in October, 1897. Six children grew to maturity in their family : Philip, of this review ; August J., the eldest, who is connected with his brother in the office ; George, who ;5 assignment commissioner with offices in the courthouse of Hamilton county; Carrie, now deceased, who married Joseph J. Beyersdorfer and had one daughter; Otto J., a member of the law firm of Renner & Renner ; and Elizabeth, who married William D. Alexander, an associate of the law firm of Renner & Renner. Philip Renner as a boy attended the public schools of Cincinnati and at twelve years of age entered the law office of Hon. Isaac J. Miller as office boy, continuing with Mr. Miller for seventeen years. He early showed marked adaptability to the legal profession and after studying under Mr. Miller matriculated in the Cincinnati Law School, from which he was graduated in 1884. He practiced with his preceptor until 1892 and then opened an office on his own account. In 1898 he formed a partnership with his brother Otto and Harry L. Gordon, but in 19o1 the firm was dissolved and he and his brother have since been associated in practice. This firm is now well established and enjoys a lucrative patronage from many leading citizens and business houses of Cincinnati. 114 - CINCINNATI—THE QUEEN CITY On the 12th of March, 1887, Mr. Renner was united in marriage to Miss Mary Gansman, a daughter of the late Valentine Gansman, who was in the saddlery business in this city, and Mary Catherine (Balling) Gansman, who is still living and makes her home with the subject of this review. Three children came to bless the union of Mr. and Mrs. Renner : Viola Caroline, who is at home ; Miller W., who is identified with his father in the law business; and Muriel Kathryn, also at home. Politically Mr. Renner has from the time he reached his majority supported the democratic party and has taken a lively interest in the promulgation of its principles and in the success of its candidates. For two years he served as member of the school board, having been elected in 1890 from the twelfth ward, a republican stronghold. He was nominated for judge of the court of common pleas in 1898 and also for justice of the supreme court in 1904 but in both instances the democratic ticket was defeated. He is a member of the State Bar Association and the Business Men's Club. He is also connected with Enoch T. Carson Lodge No. 598, F. & A. M., and is a Scottish Rite Mason and Shriner. His religious belief is indicated by membership in the German Protestant Evangelical church. He takes the interest of a patriotic citizen in public affairs and in the progress of his adopted city. He is known as a liberal-minded man who demands for others the same freedom of thought and expression he claims for himself and in all his acts is governed by a consistent desire to enhance the permanent welfare of his fellows. OBED J. WILSON. It is certainly a matter of gratification to establish and build up a business that is foremost in its line, and such Obed J. Wilson did in the conduct of a schoolbook publishing house. Moreover, unlike many who are never content with what will suffice to supply the needs and comforts and some of the luxuries of life, he retired when his labors had brought to him a very substantial competence and devoted his years to that self-culture which comes through broad study and travel. He was born in Bingham, Maine, August 30, 1826, and represented one of the prominent families of that state, being a son of a leading and influential Maine citizen—the Rev. Obed Wilson. The father was for many years intimately associated with the civil and religious life of the state, leaving his impress upon its history as well as upon its moral progress. He was a member of the territorial convention of 1820-1, which framed the constitution of the state, and was representative to the first session of the legislature that convened after its adoption. The value of his public service was so widely recognized that he was again and again chosen to represent his district in the house or in the senate and thus aided largely in shaping the legislative policy of the state. He also had direct bearing upon the moral development of the people. From his youth it was planned that he should enter the ministry and he became a zealous and successful preacher of the Methodist Episcopal church, giving nearly forty years of his life to preaching the gospel and to prompt response to every call of human need and Christian charity. It was said of him: "He was a ready, effective and eloquent speaker, and wise and judicious CINCINNATI—THE QUEEN CITY - 117 counslor and an active and earnest worker in various fields of usefulness-a good man and devout Chirstian." Realizing the value and benefit of education as a preparation for life, the Rev. Obed Wilson gave his sons excellent advantages in that direction. One of his sons died while a student in Waterville College ; three others were educated in the Maine Wesleyan Seminary ; and Obed, the youngest of the seven sons, supplemented his public-school course by study in the Bloomfield Academy. He was twenty years of age, when in 1846 he came to Cincinnati and entered its educational circles, teaching for five years in the public schools, while during his leisure hours he pursued the study of law. His close attention to his books so impaired his eyesight, that he was finally obliged to abandon his studies, give up teaching and seek such occupation as would allow him complete rest to his overtaxed sight. lie then entered the employ of Winthrop B. Smith & Company whom he represented upon the road in the sale of their schoolbook publications. After traveling for a few years and finding his sight greatly improved he accepted a flattering offer from Mr. Smith and entered the publishing house in the position of correspondent and literary referee. From this position he was advanced to that of editor-in-chief of the publications of the house, and following the retirement of Mr. Smith from business, Mr. Wilson became a member the firm of Sargent, Wilson & Hinkle and a few years later was made senior member of the firm of Wilson, Hinkle & Company. Business rapidly grew, the capable and energetic management of the partners making the house the largest schoolbook publishing concern in America and perhaps in the world. Mr. Wilson was active in control of the trade until again his health failed overwork and he was advised to seek rest and recreation in a trip abroad. Accompanied by his wife and her niece, Miss Fannie M. Stone, he spent the summer and autumn of 1869 in European travel; but while in Rome he received news of the sudden death of one of his partners and immediately returned in midwinter to America. With increased energy he took up his business duties and the next seven years were given to unremitting work. The schoolbook publishing business which he had been instrumental in upbuilding unitl it was the largest in the United States, was in 1881 merged in that of the American Book Company. While successful in the management of this extensive and important interest, Mr. Wilson also did considerable literary work, writing much in prose and versin an easy, graceful and forcible style. He owes his remarkable success to a combination of the qualities of a business man and writer. Success came to him in large measure owing to his close owes his honorable, straightforward business methods and he resolved therefore to retire from commercial life. In 1877, therefore, he disposed of his interests in the schoolbook business and again went abroad, spending the ensuing five years in travel, accompanied always by his wife, who enjoyed in as great a measure as did Mr. Wilson this form of recreation and interest. It was in 1853 that Mr. Wilson was united in marriage to Miss Amanda M. Landrum, of Augusta, Kentucky, a daughter of the Rev. Francis Landrum, who was well known, admired and loved throughout Kentucky and southern Ohio during the early half of the nineteenth century as an eminent, zealous and successful minister of the Methodist Episcopal church. Her brother was Lieutenant George W. Landrum, who was shot and killed at Chickamauga, September 118 - CINCINNATI—THE QUEEN CITY 20, 1863, while bearing a message from General Thomas to General Rosecrans. A beautiful base and flagstaff have been erected on the grounds of the Methodist Home for the Aged in memory of him by his sister, Mrs. Wilson. Mr. and Mrs. Wilson have always lived together in the closest companionship owing to the similarity of their tastes and interests, and their enjoyment of travel found tangible expression when; following his retirement, they went abroad, visiting every country, capital and considerable city of Europe and also spending some time in northern and eastern Africa and several months in Palestine, Syria and Asia Minor. In 1882 they returned to America and Mr. Wilson settled down once more among his books, resolved upon an extended and systematic course of study ; and to close and varied study the next four years were given. In the autumn of 1886, Mr. and Mrs. Wilson again left home upon a more extended journey than hitherto. Accompanied by two of their nieces, Miss Cora Stone and Miss Florence M. Wilson, they proceeded to the Sandwich Islands in the mid-Pacific, where they spent the winter. In the spring they sailed for Japan, spent some time in interesting and instructive travel in the kingdom of the mikado, crossed to China, visiting several of its important cities, and returned to Europe by way of Farther India, India and Egypt. Reaching familiar ground, several months were devoted to revisiting well remembered places, affording their nieces an opportunity of seeing many of .the most famous cities of the old world. Late in the autumn of 1887 the party returned to America, having completed a delightful and highly gratifying trip around the globe. Mr. and Mrs. Wilson again visited Europe during the summer and autumn of 1892, spending their time wholly in England, Scotland and Ireland, mainly seeking less noted places unfrequented by the general tourist. Mr. Wilson has a beautiful home in Clifton, Cincinnati,—Cincinnati's oldest and most attractive suburb ; and here, surrounded by works of art, souvenirs of many lands visited in his varied travels, and with a large and well selected library, he lives a retired life, shunning rather than seeking society and still a hard student. Mr. Wilson is a republican but not a partisan, a member of no church but a sincere believer in the positively good of all religions. His life has been one of continuous gain not only in a material way but in the broader interests of the intellect and the spirit, for when his activity in business circles had made possibble his retirement, he devoted his time to reading and travel, thus constantly adding to the riches of the mind and gaining thereby the intellectual stimulus and activity which after all constitute the lasting pleasure of life. RICHARD HENRY STONE. With Richard Henry Stone old age did not dim a mind whose activity made him ever a leading member of the Cincinnati bar and, a most popular representative of the legal profession during the years of his connection therewith. A courtly Virginia gentleman of the old school, he had time for that culture and politeness which many a young man is apt to disregard through the rush and press of daily duties. He had attained the age of eighty-five CINCINNATI—THE QUEEN CITY - 119 years and ten months at the time of his demise, yet was seen almost daily at the courthouse—a welcome visitor among old friends and the younger representatives of the profession. Mr. Stone was born in Charlestown, West Virginia, August 29, 1822. His father, R. L. Stone, of the Old Dominion, came to Cincinnati in 1832 and here followed mercantile pursuits. He was a very active man all his life and engaged in business up to the time of his last illness, passing away in his eighty-seventh year. He was accompanied on the removal to this city by his wife, Mrs. Sarah Stone, and their little family, Richard Henry being at that time a lad of ten years. He attended the public schools of Cincinnati and pursued a course in Augusta College, of Augusta, Kentucky, and in St. Xavier College in Cincinnati. Taking up the study of law in the office of Morris & Raridon, he entered Cincinnati Law School and graduated from this institution in 1844 and was admitted to practice. Following his admission to the bar he formed a partnership with John W. Denver, later territorial governor of Kansas, in whose honor the city of Denver, Colorado, was named. Mr. Stone continued to practice at Xenia, Ohio, for a short time and then returned to Cincinnati, entering into partnership with D. C. Champlin, thus organizing a firm which remained in existence for several years. Ile was afterward associated in practice with Judge Robert W. Warden for a short period and following the admission of his son, Henry Stone, to the bar, the firm of Stone & Stone was and so continued until 1880, when the son retired and removed from Cincinnati. Richard Henry Stone then continued alone in active practice up to the time of the fatal accident. For sixty-two years his time and talents were devoted to the interests of his clients. His mind, naturally logical and inductive, enabled him to carefully analyze his cause and to determine with readiness the salient points of his litigation. The court reports record many verdicts which he won favorable to the interests of those whom he represented. At the time of his demise he was the oldest practicing attorney of Hamilton county and was known personally to almost every member of the county. bar, the Ohio State Bar Association, the judges of the state courts in Cincinnati and many surrounding counties and the judges on the federal bench. In 1846 Mr. Stone was united in marriage to Miss Sarah Wilson Landrum, a daughter of the Rev. Francis Landrum, who for many years was a Methodist minister of prominence in Kentucky. The death of Mr. Stone occurred on the 27th day of June, 1908, as the result of an injury sustained in falling downstairs. He was survived by his widow, Mrs. Stone, then eighty-two years of age, three sons and a daughter, namely : R. H. and George W. Stone, both well known attorneys of Cincinnati; O. W., of St. Louis, Missouri ; and Fannie, who occupies the family home in Clifton. Mr. Stone was long an active and valued member of the Bench and Bar Association. He gave his political support to the democratic party. Too much stress cannot be laid on his public service. Up to the time of the Civil war he was very active politically and took a prominent part in the local work of the party. In 1850-1 he was a member of the second constitutional convention of Ohio and was very active and influential in its work. In 1852-3 he was a member of the Ohio legislature and in 1857 was elected clerk of the court of Hamilton county. Mr. Stone's connection with the Cincinnati Southern 120 - CINCINNATI—THE QUEEN CITY Railway also constituted a most important public service. It was in his office and by him that the charter was prepared and upon acquiring this it was turned over to the city. In later years he twice served as a member of the commission to determine the amount of compensation due to. the trustees of the road. This is the famous road owned and leased by the city of Cincinnati and now constitutes a thiry-five-million-dollar asset for the city. During the Civil was Mr. Stone was a member of the Home Guard, which was the defense of Cincinnati during the period of hostilities between the north and the south. He was very prominent in Masonry, belonging to McMillan Lodge, F. & A. M.; Kilwinning Chapter, R. A. M. ; Hanselman Commandery, K. T. ; and in the Scottish Rite he attained the thirtyLsecond degree. He was also a past gran master of the Masonic lodge and was a member of the Methodist Episcopal church: Mr. Stone was a man of very genial disposition, a natural raconteur, and possessed a beautiful singing voice. Withal he was loyal to his friends and possessed a strong belief in human nature. It was said of him that “he was one of the most lovable of men." A natural dignity .always characteized him and forbade familiarity, yet his nature reached out in kindly sympathy and interest to all mankind. The universality of his friendships interprets for us his intellectual hospitality and the breadth of his sympathy, for nothing was foreign to him that concerned his fellows. The local press said : "Mr. Stone was a man of most courtly bearing and never lost his fine old Virginia teachings." He possessed a keen eye, a broad forehead and a well formed head, to which his thick silvery hair and beard added dignity. His manner called for the veneration and respect of all and in his passing Cincinnati lost one whose record was a credit and honor to the Hamilton county bar. JACOB BLOCH. As a manufacturer of clothing Jacob Bloch, of Cincinnati, is widely known and the firm of Abe Bloch & Company, of which he is a member, is one of the important business concerns of the city. He is also prominent as an inventor of electrical cloth-cutting machines, and devices which he originated are now in use in many of the clothing manufacturing establishments of the country. He was born. in Cincinnati, June 21, 1854, and is a son of Lazarus and Babette Bloch. The father was born in Bavaria, Germany, and emigrated to America, locating at Cincinnati. He engaged as peddler and. after acquiring the necessary capital embarked in the retail clothing business, later becoming a manufacturer of clothing, under the title of Bloch & Frenkel. At the time of the Civil war he was a sutler in the Union army. He died in 1880, at the age of sixty-six, and his wife was called away four years later. An aunt of our subject, who came to the new world with other members of the family, is still living and has arrived at the advanced age of eighty-six years. Jacob Bloch attended .the public schools and also became a student in the high school. At the age of fourteen he secured employment in the cigar business with which he was identified for about a year. He then became connected with the manufacture of clothing in the same house with which he has ever CINCINNATI—THE QUEEN CITY - 121 since been identified. He began as general utility man and served as salesman, and also in the manufacturing department. About twenty years ago he became a member of the firm and has assisted very materially in enhancing its prosperity. He has traveled extensively and has made twenty trips to Europe upon pleasure and business. He is vice president of the Wolf Electrical Promoting Company and the inventor of several different types of electrical cloth-cutting machines for use in tailoring establishments. These machines are being extensively introduced in the United States and the success of the system is a striking tribute to the ingenuity and inventive genius of Mr. Bloch. On 10th of October, 1893, Mr. Bloch was married at Cincinnati to Miss Blanche Frohman, a daughter of Louis and Fannie Frohman. The father was for many years a prominent business man of this city. Two children have been born to Mr. and Mrs. Bloch: Louis J., who is attending the public schools; and Beatrice, a student of the University school. Mr. Bloch and his family occupy an attractive residence at No. 3025 Fairfield avenue, which he erected ten years ago. Fraternally he is identified with the Masonic order and has taken the degrees of the blue lodge and chapter. He has never given much time to politics, as his interest and time is completely filled with business affairs. A man of active temperament, genial disposition and pleasing address, he has made a host of friends in America and Europe, who regard him with unqualified respect. The record of his life indicates that he is eminently worthy of the confidence of all with whom he comes into contact. HENRY KRUCKER. Henry Krucker, president and treasurer of the A. L. Due Fireworks Company, with which he has been identified for twenty-five years, is numbered among the prominent representatives of business interests in Cincinnati. He has always resided here, the date of his birth being 1849. His father, Francis Krucker, was born in Strassburg, Germany, where he was reared and educated. When a young man he left his childhood home, immigrating to America. His first home he made in Lancaster, Pennsylvania, removing, however, after a time to Cincinnati and here engaged in the bakery business for a time, later becoming a hotel manager and continuing in this calling for the rest of his life. He married Louisa Kanser whose parents were of German origin. Passing his childhood under the parental roof, Henry Krucker mastered the usual branches of elementary learning in the public schools of Cincinnati, supplementing this by a course in the Hughes high school. Having been left fatherless at the tender age of three months, he was early taught the valuable lesson of self-reliance and resolved upon a business career as the most promising for rapid advancement. His first employment he secured with Martin Bare & Company, continuing in their service for a number of years, when he associated himself with the Stroebel & Wilken Company, of which he became a member, remaining with them until the firm's removal to New York, in 1886. It was at this time that he became identified with the A. L. Due Fireworks Company and has continued in his connections with this firm. to the present 122 - CINCINNATI—THE QUEEN CITY day, now occupying the positions of president and treasurer. The A. L. Due Fireworks Company was established over twenty years ago and originally had a factory in Reading, Ohio. It is a flourishing concern and has increased steadily and rapidly from a modest beginning to its present ample proportions, so that it is now one of the largest manufacturing plants of its kind in America. The factory is situated on a site covering about eighteen acres and their employes number about two hundred. Their goods are shipped all over the United States and also in large quantities to foreign ports. The sale of their fireworks is done exclusively through jobbers in various parts of the country. An important feature of their industry is the attention which they devote to firework displays, employing for some displays as many as three hundred people. They were given the contracts for firework displays for the Tennessee Exposition, the Omaha Exposition and the Buffalo Exposition, and furnished eighteen displays at the recent celebrations of Labor Day. June 20, 1890, Mr. Krucker was married to Miss Anna Boss, of Cincinnati, a daughter of Christian Boss, and they have two daughters, Rose and Elsie. In his fraternal relations Mr. Krucker is a Mason, being a member of Harmony Lodge, F. & A. M. ; of Cincinnati Chapter, R. A. M. ; Cincinnati Council, R. & S. M. ; Cincinnati Commandery, K. T. ; Ohio Consistory, S. P. R. S.; and Syrian Temple, A. A. O. N. M. S. He is a member of the Elks, belonging to Cincinnati Lodge No. 5, also a member of the Cincinnati Business Men's Club and several other civic bodies associations. Unassuming in manner, he has always been modest in regard to his own success, preferring to let the results of his labors tell the story of his achievement. JAMES E. STACEY. The great manufacturing interests of Cincinnati and its: outlying districts have made of Hamilton county a splendid commercial center, its ramifying trade interests reaching to all parts of the world. A feature in this business development and progress is the Stacey Manufacturing Company of which James E. Stacey is president. At Elmwood is conducted the large factory tor the manufacture of steel railroad cars, structural iron work, bridges and gas works construction, the latter being their most extensive line. He is also president of the Elmwood Casting Company, a large concern employing from one hundred and twenty-five to one hundred and fifty men, and is vice president of the First National Bank of Elmwood. He is furthermore president and manager of The National Chamber Oven Company, controlling a new process of manufacturing gas which is expected to be revolutionary in its effect on the gas-producing business. The extent and scope of these varied interests prove his capability and his success in various lines is the evidence of his power to coordinate forces and use their combined strength to the best advantage. A native son of Cincinnati, born on August 24, 1856, his parents were George and Louise (Brinley) Stacey, both of whom were natives of England.. The father was born in the year 1812 and in England learned the machinist's trade, after which he came. to America in 1849 in company with his wife. Soon after CINCINNATI—THE QUEEN CITY - 123 taking up their abode in .Cincinnati Mr. Stacey established himself in business and the outgrowth of the little enterprise that he instituted is the Stacey Manufacuring Company, of which James E. Stacey is now the president. The father continued at the head of the business until his death in 1879, when he was succeeded by Henry Renshaw, who was later followed by William Stacey, a son of George Stacey and a brother of. J. E. Stacey. He continued as president until his death in 1898, when James E. Stacey became the chief executive head and has since been president of the mammoth concern. He has also acted as general manager since 1895 and his position at the present time therefore a dual one. R. J. Tarvin, a sketch of whom appears elsewhere in this volume, is the secretary and treasurer. James E. Stacey was reared in Cincinnati and attended the local schools, while later he became a student in Antioch College at Yellow Springs, Ohio. After his college days were over, he became an employe of the Stacey Manufacturing Company with which he has since been actively identified in various positions until he is now at the head of the busineis which in scope and importance has become a chief feature in the industrial ife of Hamilton county. Mr. Stacey was married in 1886 to Miss Clara Morton and they have two children: Wayne Stacey, who is connected with the Stacey Manufacturing Company and Jeanette. The parents reside at Wyoming, a beautiful suburb of Cincinnati, and Mr. Stacey is a valued member of Lafayette. Lodge, F. & A. M., the Business Men's Club, and the Hamilton County Golf Club. His favorite pastimes and recreations consist of golfing and motoring. His record proves the wisdom of the course of concentrating one's energies upon a particular line and as the years have gone by, his expanding powers have fitted him for important management of intricate interests in a day when fierce competition tests the metal of each individual: , THOMAS J. COGAN. In the centennial year-1876—Thomas J. Cogan, of Cincinnati, was admitted to practice at the bar of Hamilton county and during all the time that has since passed he has been an active and efficient factor in the state and ederal courts. He is also widely known in fraternal circles and on account f his generous spirit and kindly nature his friends are numbered by .the legion. He comes of Irish ancestry in both branches of the family and was born in New York city, June 30, 1855, a son of Patrick and Catherine (McDonough) Cogan, both of whom were born in Ireland. The father removed with his family to Cincinnati in 1855 and spent the remainder of his life in this city. He died in 1899, his wife passing away two years later. There were six children in the family of Mr. and Mrs. Cogan : Lida, the widow of Frank McDonough ; Thomas J., of this review ; John J., who is connected with the E. A. Kinsey Railway Supply Company of Cincinnati ; Peter A., who is engaged in the service of the United States government in this city ; Edward F., also a resident of Cincinnati ; and one, who died in infancy. 124 - CINCINNATI—THE QUEEN CITY Thomas J. Cogan received his preliminary educational training in St. Joseph’s parochial school and then entered St. Xavier's College in this city, graduating from that institution in 1873. He read law in the office of Carr &, Callahan from 1874 to 1876 and was admitted to the bar in the latter year. He immediately began practice in association with Thomas F. Shay and continued with Mr. Shay until the death of the latter in 1907. Previous to 1907 C. T. Williams. was admitted to partnership and the firm is now known as Cogan & Williams. Mr. Cogan gives his attention mainly to civil and corporation, law and, as he as is a tireless student and faithfully. and ably represents any cause in which he is engaged, he has won many warmly contested suits in the state and federal courts. His success has been gained by industry and sound judgment-two elements that are of supreme importance in the accomplishment of success in worthy undertakings. In politics Mr. Cogan adheres closely to the democratic party but not in the sense of being an office seeker, although he served from Hamilton county as member of the Ohio state legislature in 1884 and 1885. He willingly assists his friends in the promotion of their ambition to fill political offices but he has no desire personally for such honors. He was reared in the folds of the Catholic church and has never departed from the lessons of fealty to the church which he learned on his mother's knee. He has been very prominent in the Elks and the Eagles. He has filled most of the offices of those orders and served as exalted ruler of'the Cincinnati lodge of Elks and chief justice of the grand forum of the order, also as first president of the Eagles two term,s and chairman of the judiciary committee of the Grand Order of Eagles. He was the first president of the Duckworth Club and is now a member of the board of directors of the Laughery Club. He is also a member of the board of directors of the Cincinnati Exhibition Company, operating the Cincinnati Ball Club and of the board of directors of the Western & Southern Life Insurance Company. A man of pronounced social characteristics, a delightful conversationalist and a public speaker of rare command of language and great eloquence and beauty of thought, he is a natural leader, and wherever he is known he can claim sincere admirers and friends. In his profession he has gained more than the ordinary measure of success. He early learned that unwearied application is the principal factor that leads to the top round of the ladder and, as he has never spared time or labor, in behalf of his clients, many are the victories that have made his reputation. It is also to his credit that during the many years he has been prominently before the public, his personal honor of integrity has never been questioned. HENRY HANNA. Henry Hanna was born in Washington, Guernsey county, Ohio, December 28; 1812, and died March 27, 1905, when in the eighty-third year of his age. While his success was notable, it was the honorable methods which he followed in its acquirement that placed his name upon the list of Cincinnati's most prominent and respected business men. His labors, too, were largely of a character CINCINNATI—THE QUEEN CITY - 127 that contributed to public as well as individual prosperity for he instituted and managed many business projects which gave employment to a multitude of workmen. The history of Henry Hanna, written in detail, cannot fail to prove of interest to readers of this volume, and the record contains some valuable lessons which might be profitably followed by others. His father, Thomas Hanna, was a pioneer and prosperous merchant of eastern Ohio but in 1825 left Guernsey county to become a resident of Pittsburg, Pennsylvania, and it was there that Henry Hanna first gained a practical working knowledge of the iron and coal industries. He graduated from the Washington nd Jefferson College, Pennsylvania, and later studied law in Pittsburg. He did not engage in practice, however, although his knowledge of the law long constituted an important element in his successful management of vital business concerns. In early manhood he became interested in mineral lands and in 1843 removed to Hanging Rock where he met and married Miss Mary Ellison. In 1846 they removed to Cincinnati and from that time forward Mr. Hanna prospered until a princely fortune awarded his labors and splendid business management. Afterward he began to invest extensively in real estate, purchasing one piece of property after another until he owned many of the most valuable business blocks in the city. There was hardly a financial institution of any size in Cincinnati in which he was not financially interested and in most of these he, served as a director. For years he was vice president of the Little Miami Railroad Company and from 1884 until 1890 filled the office of president, after which he declined reelection. In 1898 he resigned the position of director of the Citizens National Bank, in which capacity he had long been associated with the institution. He was a member of the board of directors of the Cincinnati Street Railway, was a director and president of the Cincinnati Bell Telephone Company, and an extensive stockholder in the Cincinnati Gas & Electric Company. He also owned a large share of the stock in the Cincinnati & Covington Bridge Company and the Newport Iron & Steel Works, the Addystone Pipe Works and several of the national banks. He gave personal supervision to his mammoth business interests and his keen discernment and judgment in business affairs were scarcely equaled in the city. In all business transactions he seemed to look beyond the exigencies of the moment to the possibilities of the future and each opportunity became for him a valuable asset in the successful conduct of his enterprises. His contemporaries and associates always felt the force of his great power and many there were who gladly followed his leadership, recognizing that his insight in any business situation was most keen and his deductions correct and logical. Mr. Hanna was an advocate of democratic principles, giving stalwart support to the party and by intelligent argument firmly upholding his position. Charitable ark received his earnest financial assistance, and as his means increased, he made liberal donations where aid was needed nor manifested the least spirit of ostentation in thus relieving the needs of his fellowmen. Mr. Hanna was united in marriage to Miss Mary Jane,Ellison. They became the parents of four children, but the three sons, Charles, Ellison and Thomas, are all now deceased. Mr. Hanna gave forty thousand dollars to the University of Cincinnati for the erection of Hanna Hall as a memorial to his dead son and ater added twenty thousand dollars for the equipment of the building. The Vol. IV-7 128 - CINCINNATI—THE QUEEN CITY three sons all died within a period of three years. Mr. Hanna was a devoted follower of Isaak Walton, the "Father of Angling," and annually spent many a pleasant hour with hook and rod on English Lake in company of congenial friends. Miss Mary Hanna is now the only surviving member of the family. GEORGE E. MILLS. George E. Mills, attorney at law, son of Edward and Henrietta Mills, was born in Norwood in 1869 and graduated from Woodward. high:school, Yale University and the Cincinnati Law school. He served as mayor of Noowood during the two terms from 1901 to .1905. In 1902 he served as treasurer of the Hamilton county democratic campaign committee. Mr. Mills is married and resides on Observatory Road, Hyde, Park. He is a member of the Zeta Psi and Phi Delta Phi fraternities, and is master of Norwood Lodge, F. & A. M. He is also a member of the Literary Club, Yale Club, the Presbyterian church, the. Norwood Business Club and the Hyde Park Business Club. CHARLES F. WALTZ. Charles F. Waltz, attorney at law in Cincinnati, was born at Three Rivers, Michigan, December 5, 1873. His father, Edward F. Waltz, was a native of Clyde, Ohio; born on the 14th of March, 1841. Following the outbreak of the Civil war, although in the early twenties, he responded to the country's call for troops and served at the front with an Ohio regiment. During times of peace he followed the occupation of farming and thus provided a comfortable living for his family. His wife, who bore the maiden name of Mary A. Ritter was also a native. of Clyde and died during the childhood of her son Charles who was one of a family of three children, his sister, Iva May, being now the wife of C, E. James, of East Springfield;. New York; while the other member of the family is Luella; the deceased wife of Anson Mooney of Three Rivers, Michigan. In the common schools of Michigan, Charles F. Waltz pursued his early education and afterward attended the .Northern Indiana Normal College at Alparaiso; from which he was graduated in. 1898. On the completion of the law course he began the practice of his profession at Elkhart, Indiana, where he remained from 1898 until January; 1902. He afterward spent two years in Marion, Indiana, as a member of 'the bar, and in 1904 came to Cincinnati as secretary and attorney for the. Employers' Association, an organization to secure the enforcement of law and order and prevent violence in times of strikes. This association is composed of employers of labor of all kinds and Mr. Waltz’s practice is largely in connection with carrying out the work of this organization. Since attaining his majority Mr. Waltz has voted with the republican party, CINCINNATI—THE QUEEN CITY - 129 being convinced that its principles contain the best elements of good government. He is well known in Masonic circles, holding membership in Avondale Lodge, F. & A. M. ; Kilwinning Chapter, K. T.; Hanselman Commandery, R. A. M.; and the Mystic Shrine. He belongs also to the Business Men's Club, the Walnut Hills Club, the Cincinnati Automobile Club, and the Hamilton County Golf Club. He enjoys an hour or two upon the links and finds in this outdoor game needed rest and recreation from the arduous cares which devolve upon him in his professional relations. WILLIAM A. R. BRUEHL. William A. R. Bruehl, a well known and leading resident of Cincinnati, is the senior member of the firm of W. A. R. Bruehl & Son, general managers of the Home Life Insurance Company of New York. His birth occurred in this city on the 16th of May, 1863, his father being Rudolph August Wilhelm Bruehl, who was born in Silesia, Germany, on the 29th of December, 1828, a son of C. A. and Franziska Bruehl. Rudolph A. W. Bruehl crossed the Atlantic to the United States and landed in New York on the 7th of July, 1851, while the date of his arrival in Cincinnati, Ohio, was November 10, 1854. The agency of the Home Life Insurance Company was established in Cincinnati in 1861 and on the 15th of March of that year Mr. Bruehl was appointed agent, remaining in that capacity until called to his final rest on the 19th of June, 1894. During the Civil war lie organized the Christian Apologist fund and distributed every week from two to three thousand Christian Apologists, besides enormous volumes of other religious publications. He wrote and published in German, from a fund which he himself organized and which was founded on one cent, twelve thousand copies of the Soldier's Friend—For Camp and Hospital—A word of encouragement—Religious and anecdotal. In 1854 Mr. Bruehl became conected with the Methodist Book Concern of Cincinnati and managed the German epartment there. For several years, in connection with Amos Shinkle, Richard ,pond and others, he managed the local and general book committee, a feature of the general conference of the Methodist Episcopal church. Mr. Bruehl was ways prominently identified with the Methodist church of Cincinnati. He was a lay delegate several times to the general conference of the church and was a delegate to the second ecumenical conference of Methodist denominations of the world, held at Washington, D. C., from October 7 to 23, 1891. On the 26th of April, 1855, he had married Miss Juliane E. Benkert, a native of Baden, Germany, by whom he had three children : Rudolph, who passed away in early childhood Julia M., who is a resident of Covington, Kentucky ; and William A. R., who is his father's. successor in the Home Life Insurance agency. William A. H. Bruehl supplemented his preliminary education, obtained in the common schools of Covington, Kentucky, by a course of study in German Wallace College at Berea, Ohio, where he won the degree of Bachelor of Arts in 1882. Four years later that institution conferred upon him the degree of Master of Arts. Since putting aside his text-books he has been continuously identified with the insurance business in Cincinnati, entering the office of his 130 - CINCINNATI—THE QUEEN CITY father, who for thirty-two years here represented the Home Life Insurance Company as general manager. He has himself been in the service of the company for twenty-eight years, while his son, William A. R. Bruehl, Jr., has been connected therewith for the past four years, so that the Bruehls have spent a altogether sixty-four years as representatives of. the corporation. William A. R. Bruehl succeeded his father as general manager when the latter passed away and has remained in that capacity to the present time, his territory embracing Ohio, southeastern Indiana and northern Kentucky. On the 11th of April 1910, he reorganized the Cincinnati Life Underwriters' Association and on the 3d of May following was elected its president. The Western Underwriter of March 23, 1911, makes the following statement : "Mr. Bruehl will go down in life association history as the father of the rejuvenated Cincinnati Association, which is one of the liveliest organizations on the National Association's list.” A poem entitled "A Gospel of the Brotherhood of Man" was written by Mr. Bruehl for the fiftieth anniversary of the Home Life Insurance Company of New York and delivered before the Home Life Agency Association in New York city, on the i8th of January, 1910. He is a trustee of the German Methodist Orphan Asylum of Berea, Ohio, the Bethesda Hospital of Cincinnati and the Scarlet Oaks Sanitarium at Clifton. As a companion and helpmate on the journey of life Mr. Bruehl chose Miss Nellie A. Biechele, a daughter of the Rev. Robert Biechele, of Detroit, Michigan. Fraternally Mr. Bruehl is identified with the Masons, belonging to Covington Lodge, No. 109, F. & A. M. ; Covington Commandery, No. 7, K. T.; and Syrian Temple, A. A: O. N. M. S., of Cincinnati, Ohio, He likewise has membership relations with the Industrial Club of Covington, Kentucky, the Business Men's Club of Cincinnati, the Fort Mitchell Country Club of Fort Mitchell, Kentucky, the Cincinnati Chamber of Commerce and the Advertisers Club of this city. He is an ex-president of the Epworth League, Cincinnati District, Central German Conference, and in 1904 was a delegate to the General Conference of the Methodist Episcopal church at Los Angeles, California. For sixteen years he served as treasurer of the German Methodist Orphan Asylum and was also treasurer of the Twentieth Century Fund of the Central Conference of the German Methodist Episcopal church. His various relations indicate much of his views of life and his attitude concerning the great movements for progress in business lines and in moral development. He stands for all that is right and just and, furthermore, believes in working toward high ideals of citizenship and individual character. W. A. R. BRUEHL, JR. W. A. R. Bruehl, Jr., who since June, 1907, has been a member of the firm of W. A. R. Bruehl & Son, general managers of the Home Life Insurance Company of New York, was born in Covington, Kentucky, on the 3d of December, 1886. In 1903 he was graduated from Rugby Military Academy at Covington Kentucky, being valedictorian of his class, editor of the school annual and also captain of the military company of the school. In 1907 he was graduated from CINCINNATI—THE QUEEN CITY - 131 the University of Cincinnati, winning the degree of Chemical Engineer. As before stated, for the past four years he has been associated in business with his father as the junior member of the firm of W. A. R. Bruehl & Son. He is a member of the Cincinnati Life Underwriters' Association and a member of the executive committee of the Home Life Agency Association. On the 3d of August, 1908, at Covington, Kentucky, Mr. Bruehl was united in marriage to Miss Annie Marshall Hill, a daughter of Marshall Hill, who is a member of the firm of George W. Hill & Company, wholesale and retail grocers of Covington, Kentucky. Mr. Bruehl is an energetic advocate of honest politics and belongs to the Business Men's Club, and the Advertisers' Club of Cincinnati and also to the Fort Mitchell Country Club. He likewise belongs to the Beta Theta Pi fraternity and is a member of the board of stewards of the Scott Street Methodist Episcopal church, South, of Covington, Kentucky. His many good qualities, his social manner, his genial disposition and his cordiality have made him popular with those with whom he has been brought in contact. ADAM BENZ. That a college education is an advantage to a man in the struggle for existence which our competitive mode of life makes increasingly difficult is quite generally conceded by those who are engaged in business or professional life, but that this is necessarily true in every case can by no means be regarded as a natural corollary. A splendid example of the self-made man is Adam Benz, whose discipline in the school of life has prepared him for the arduous duties and complex situations which everyone meets in our highly socialized society. Having a natural bent for mechanical problems, he early mastered the scientific and and techincal principles of engineering by his actual experience in handling engines and machinery, thus demonstrating that it is not an absolute necessity to be trained in a technical school in order to attain to a high degree of efficiency. He was born in 1855, being a son of Frank and Rachel (Scholl) Benz. His father was a native of Bavaria, where he grew to manhood, serving in the army and later learning the building trade. In 1848 or 1849 he came to Cincinnati, at the time when there was a great influx of Germans in this country fleeing from the fatherland in their quest of political freedom. Here he followed the calling to which he had been trained and engaged in business as a contrator and builder. His importance in his business connections is indicated by the fact that he employed from forty to fifty men and was given the contracts for erecting some of the largest buildings in Cincinnati at that time, most of which are still standing as monuments to his skill and handiwork. He took an active interest in civic affairs and was a republican in his sympathies, serving as a delegate to a number of conventions. A resident of Cincinnati all his life, Adam Benz obtained his education in the public schools of this city, after which he learned and mastered the trade of millright. Ever since he was twenty-one years of age he has followed the calling of stationary engineer and for eight years was chief engineer of the 132 - CINCINNATI—THE QUEEN CITY Herancourt Brewing Company and for twenty years occupied the position of chief engineer of the W. S. Sohn Brewing Company. He was a trusted employe and was given large responsibilities. He operated the first ice machine in Cincinnati introduced by his employers. In 1907 Adam Benz and his son Joseph M. organized the firm known as Adam Benz & Son, engineers, machinists and millwrights, doing a large repair business. It is a thriving concern and employs about five people, confining their work chiefly to Cincinnati and the immediate vicinity. For a helpmate Mr. Benz chose Miss Anna Schwartz, a daughter of Michael Schwartz, of Cincinnati. Five children were born to the union : Frank Leonora, Joseph M., a member of his father's firm, Arthur Adam and Alma. In engineering circles Mr. Benz is well known, being a member of Stationary Engineers No. 18. It is with much satisfaction that a man like Mr. Benz can contemplate the course of his own life, clearly seeing every step by which he mounted and knowing that the measure of success, with which he has been rewarded was honestly won and by his own unaided efforts. JOSEPH B. SCHROEDER. Joseph B. Schroeder, who as a general practitioner in civil law, also specializes to some extent in probate and real-estate law, was born in Cincinnati, February 27, 1877. His father, Frank Schroeder, also a native of this city, was born December 27, 1846, and represented one of the old families here. He was for a long period engaged in mercantile pursuits, dealing in dry goods and men's furnishings. He wedded Mary Knostmann, who was here born November 16, 1852. Both parents are still living and are residents of Cincinnati. Seven of their children are yet living, namely : Mary, the wife of John Koesters, in St. Rose, Ohio; Joseph B., of this review ; Charles, a resident of Cincinnati ; Clara, the wife of August Koesters, of Cassella, Ohio ; and Cecelia, Albert and Arnold, all at home. Joseph. B. Schroeder was educated in the parochial schools of Cincinnati and in St. Francis Gymnasium, where he pursued the studies of Latin and Greek. He attended the Cincinnati Law School and the Cincinnati University, which in his second year amalgamated. After two years spent in that institution he studied for a time in the Young Men's Christian Association and was graduated in 1903. He became associated with Arnold Speiser, who was a prominent attorney of Cincinnati to the time of his death in 1907. Mr. Schroeder remained with him for several years before his graduation in law and immediately following his admission to the bar, he entered actively into the work of the courts. He has always confined his attention to civil-law practice, specializing, however, in the departments of probate and real-estate law. He has a well appointed office in the Bavaria building and remains a close student of his profession, ever carefully preparing his cases and presenting his cause in forceful manner, his logical reasoning and clear deductions often winning favorable verdicts for his clients. He represents a number of important building associations, including Findlay Market No. 2 Loan & Building Company, Findlay Loan & Building Company No. 3, the Clifton Heights Loan & Building. Company, and the Sher- CINCINNATI—THE QUEEN CITY - 133 man Loan & Building Company. He is at present one of the directors of the Norwood Heights Company, which owns a large subdivision in Norwood Heights. On the 26th of July, 1905, Mr. Schroeder was married to Miss Mary Rohmann, who was born in Cincinnati, and is a daughter of Adam Rohmann. Her father was a tailor by trade and in the later years of his life lived retired and passed away in March, 1905. His wife bore the maiden name of Mary Bum and is still living. Unto Mr. and Mrs. Schroeder has been born a son, Frank Albert Joseph. The parents hold membership in the Catholic church and Mr. Schroeder belongs also to the Knights of Columbus and the Catholic Order of Foresters, of which he has been financial secretary. He is also a member of St. Aloysius Orphan Society. His political allegiance is given to the democratic party and in strictly professional lines he is connected with the Cincinnati Bar Association and the Ohio Bar Association. He has gained a creditable position for one of his years, yet he has not confined his attention to his professional duties, to the exclusion of outside interests and activities. He is a man of benevolent purposes, aiding in various charitable works instituted by his church, and his work in this direction as well as his professional ability has made him widely known. HERMAN H. LIPPELMANN. With the characteristic energy of the sons of the fatherland Herman H. Lippelmann has, exacted from life that measure of success which is the inalienable right of one who has expended his efforts and talents in a determined pursuit f his ideals. He did not come to America in quest of vast riches, he only wished for an opportunity, and, being granted this, worked out his own destiny by force of his initiative and his unfailing self-reliance. He was born in Westphalen, April 5, 1831, being a son of Caspar and Fredericka (Horstkotte) Lippelmann. Remaining in Germany until he was twenty years of age, he had the advantage of a thorough elementary education in the schools of his native land. Resolved to enter upon a business career in the land of commercial promise, he came to America when a young man, settling in Cincinnati, Ohio, in 1852. Here he was among the first to enroll as a pupil in the Nelson Business College which at that time conducted sessions lasting from nine a. m. to nine p. m., providing only intermission for meals. He engaged in business independently, becoming a wood dealer, for wood was then the chief fuel used and was, therefore, an article of commerce for which there was a ready market. He transported his wood by canal to the city with his own line of canal boats, and through well directed energy and thrift succeeded in building up a prosperous trade, averaging a sale of upwards of two hundred cords of wood a week. When wood as a fuel fell off in importance he gave up this industry and engaged in the grain business, having a warehouse at Port Union and at Hamilton. Subsequently he went into the distilling business and for fifteen years was president and manager of the Union Distilling Company. He met with generous financial returns in the conduct of his commercial enterprises, thus being enabled to retire from active participation in business in 1895. 134 - CINCINNATI—THE QUEEN CITY In 1861 Mr. Lippelmann married Miss Mary Gerke, daughter of John Gerke, who died in 1864. Two children were born to this union, both of whom died in infancy. In 1866 Mr. Lippelmann was united in marriage to Miss Sophia M. Tucker, of Cincinnati, a daughter of William Tucker. They were the parents of eleven children, all of whom are living, namely, William, Harry, John, Clara, Henry, Mary, Annie, Andrew, Alice, Walter and Stella. Mr. Lippelmann is an exemplary citizen being not only passively interested in governmental affairs but giving his time and services generously to the advancement of public interests. He is a republican in his political views and served on the state board of control for three years, from 1899 to 1902. He then became a director of the County Infirmary and for two years was president of the board, resigning this position on January 1, 1911, when he became county commissioner to complete the unexpired term of Mr. Tanner, the vacancy being caused by the latter's death. During the fall of the current year he was elected to succeed himself in the office of county commissioner. Although long since retired from business he still maintains his interest in the commercial world, having been a member of the Chamber of Commerce since 1867. He is a man of genial temperament and is highly esteemed by his associates both in the business and political world. LEWIS A. OUERNER, M. D. In this age the tendency is toward specialization in the practice of medicine, but here and there are found men who continue in general practice and, if faithful to their professional duties, and helpful and sympathetic by nature, they become the loved family physician in many a household. Such was the record of Lewis A. Querner, and deep grief was felt in many a home when he was called to his final rest. He was born January 28, 1846, in the old family residence on Court street, Cincinnati, which his father had purchased from Nicholas Longworth, Sr. His parents were Carl and Amelia (Tiernan) Querner, both of whom were natives of Germany, whence they came to the United States in early life. They were married in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, and after coming to Cincinnati the father worked at the painter's trade in the employ of Nicholas Longworth. He died when his son Lewis was but three weeks old, and by his mother's death the boy was left an orphan when but nine years of age. He was the youngest of seven sons, five of whom died in childhood, while his brother Henry passed away at the age of twenty-eight years. Dr. Querner was left to the care of a guardian and attended school in Cincinnati until fourteen years of age, when he was taken out of school and placed in a grocery store, where he was to receive a salary of one dollar per week. He wished be become a physician and was told that he was to be one, as he was a seventh son. When the war broke out he drew his dollar on Saturday night and ran away. He secured steerage passage to Louisville, Kentucky, and there secured a position as hospital steward at a salary of thirteen dollars per month. He continued in that position until the close of the war and while thus engaged gained much knowledge of drugs and their properties. He then CINCINNATI—THE QUEEN CITY - 137 returned to Cincinnati and secured a position as drug clerk in the employ of a Mr. Muehlberg. He spent the summer in that way and in the winter months pursued a course in medicine. His labors brought him the money necessary to meet the expenses of his college course and when twenty-one years of age he was graduated from the Ohio Medical College of Cincinnati. Thus he came to the realization of his early hope and ambition. Following his graduation he opened an office on Vine street and was first called to see a patient who lived far -out on that street. He was compelled to walk twice a day to pay the needed visit and for his services he never received compensation. About the same time he began treating his brother Henry, who had contracted typhoid f ever. The brother grew much better and when able to be out, took a walk to the factory where he was employed as foreman and was there accidentally killed. From his original location Dr. Querner removed his office to the block between 1300 and 1400 Race street, where he practiced until 1881, when he married and built a fine home and office at No. 1130 Race street. There he continued to reside and maintain his office until his death. It was on the ioth of November, 1881, that Dr. Querner was united in marriage to Miss Anna Hull, a daughter of William and Mahala (Schofield) Hull. Her father was a native of New Jersey and was a grandson of one of the heroes of the Revolutionary war. Mr. and Mrs. Hull were married in Baltimore, Maryland, where Mrs. Querner and her mother were both born. Although a resident of the south, Mr. Hull's sympathies were with the north and during the war it was made so unpleasant for him in Baltimore, that he decided to remove to Cincinnati, where he engaged in business for many years, becoming widely and favorably known in this city. Unto Dr. and Mrs. Querner were born four children, of whom three died in childhood. The surviving son, Dr. Lewis A. Querner, Jr., is a graduate of the Ohio Medical University, formerly the Ohio Medical College, in which he completed his course in 1909. He was afterward connected with the Jewish hospital until October, 191o, and later practiced with Dr. Ransohoff until his father's death, since which time he has occupied his father's old office. Dr. Lewis A. Querner, Sr., passed away January 7, 1911, and, in accordance with his wish, was cremated and his ashes interred in Spring Grove. He still retained possession of the old Court street home until his death but in the meantime had greatly improved it. His political allegiance was given to the democratic party, which found in him a stalwart champion of its principles. He was a thirty-third degree Mason and had taken all the intermediate degrees of the Scottish Rite and also the York Rite degrees. He likewise belonged to the Knights of Pythias fraternity. He exemplified in his life the highest principles of these crafts and was a most worthy exemplar of their teachings. He greatly enjoyed out-of-door sports and when his practice permitted indulged in hunting and fishing. He taught his son also to enjoy the life in the woods and by the streams and he traveled much, gaining in this way comprehensive knowledge of different districts. In his profession he was eminently successful and was a member of the Academy of Medicine, the Ohio State Medical Society and other medical associations. He held various political positions in the path of his .profession, having been workhouse physician in his early days, while for eight years he was surgeon of the fire department and for three years surgeon of the police 138 - CINCINNATI—THE QUEEN CITY department. In 1893 he was called to the offiCe of coroner of Hamilton county, which position he filled for a term. One who knew him well wrote of him at the time of his death : "Child of the people, sprung from the sturdy ranks of German-Americans, who have clone so much for music, art and all the sciences in the great central valley of the west, Lewis Querner was an example of what a nature, talent and painstaking can do for a youth without early advantages. Forty years ago we first met him, who, with a devoted and determined brother behind him to furnish very limited means, entered the Ohio College and by sheer force of hard work attained a distinguished position in politics, secret societies and prominent public offices. His success from the very start was phenomenal. He worked early and late, and it is doubtful whether any other doctor ever over got as much ground in the same time. He had the embracing hand of good cheer and fellowship, the happy smile and the glad heart. He was a being of good humor and sunshine wherever he went. Universally loved and respected, he was the type of old-class family doctor now almost extinct in the cities. Withal modest and wholly without pretense, he had no care for hospital or college positions and little for books. It is this class of physicians, who have common sense and business tact, that ever receive the largest clientele—men who work for the business and are not eager for hospital and college glories. Generous and gentle, his memory is inscribed in the hearts of three generations of German-Americans in this community, and, after all, such memories are far more lasting than empty titles to cheap professorships." WILLIAM M. FRIDMAN. The career of the business man has few of those spectacular phases which make the life record of the military or political leader of widespread interest, yet thinking men throughout all the ages have regarded the profession of law as that which most greatly conserves public stability and progress. It is to the work of the courts that William M. Fridman has given his time and attention since 1887, coming to the bar with good equipment and since that time making the most of his opportunities for advancement in the difficult and arduous profession of the law. He has practiced in Cincinnati since May, 1887, and the court records show that he has been connected with various cases of importance. He was born in Clermontville, Clermont county, Ohio, February 26, 1863, and is a son of Franklin and Milly A. (Bushman) Fridman. The father was born at Stollhofen, Baden, and came to America in 183o. He was a pioneer merchant of Clermontville, being the first man to open a store in that locality. Later he became president of the First National Bank of New Richmond, Ohio, and subsequently was proprietor of a lumber manufacturing enterprise. With aptitude for successful management and with unfaltering industry he conducted his interests so that his business proved a source of general prosperity as well as of financial profit. He was, regarded, therefore, as a valtied citizen in every community in which he lived. He died in 1895, at the age of seventy-nine years, and his wife passed away in 1897, at the age of sixty-five years, both being laid to rest in the cemetery at Clermontville. CINCINNATI—THE QUEEN CITY - 139 William M. Fridman entered the public schools of his native city at the usual age and afterward continued his studies in the Clermontville Academy of Clermont, Ohio, pursuing his course until he reached his sixteenth year. He next entered the Ohio Wesleyan University at Delaware, Ohio, and was graduated therefrom in 1884, with the Bachelor of Science degree. His literary knowledge served as an excellent basis upon which to build the superstructure of his professional knowledge. He came to the Cincinnati Law School in 1886 and the following year won the LL. B. degree upon his graduation in May, 1887. Mr. Fridman at once began practice at New Richmond, Ohio, where he remained until April, 1890, and then came to Cincinnati. For three years thereafter he practiced in company with Judge Dempsey, who retired after that period from the firm, on being elected to the judiciary. Upon his retirement from the bench Judge Dempsey entered the firm in 1903, remaining until he was elected mayor in 1905. Mr. Fridman since has followed his profession independently and with notable success. He has indicated his ability to successfully cope with the intricate and involved legal problems and to present his cause in such a clear and logical form that he never fails to hold the attention of court or jurors and seldom fails to gain the verdict desired. Other business interests have to a limited extent claimed his attention, for he has been a director of the First National Bank at New Richmond, Ohio, and is now a director of the Fridman Lumber Company and of the Fridman Seating Manufacturing Company, both of which are paying enterprises. On the 12th of June, 1900, in this city, Mr. Fridman was married to Miss Katherine Tombach, a daughter of August and Rosa Tombach. Her father was superintendent of the Powell Brass Work Foundry but passed away in 1878. The mother, however, still survives. Mr. and Mrs. Fridman reside at No. 2256 Jefferson place, Norwood. Mr. Fridman was elected mayor of Norwood in November, 1911. In politics he has always been a democrat since age conferred upon him the right of franchise and fraternally he is a Mason, widely known in the order. He is now past master of Vattier Lodge, No. 386, F. & A. M., and has also taken the degrees of the Scottish Rite and the Mystic Shrine. In sympathy with the benevolent and beneficent purpose of the order, he also enjoys its social relations, for he is a man to whom friendship means much and to his friends he is ever loyal. The same loyal spirit is manifested in his professional work and his capability as a practitioner of law has enabled him to long since leave the ranks of the many and stand among the more successful few. JOHN AND HARRY S. FEARNLEY. John and Harry S. Fearnley, identified with the business interests of Cincinnati, are engaged in business under the firm name of the World's Fair Wrecking Company. The firm originally began operation in 1890 and consisted of John Fearnley, Harry Fearnley and Charles F. Sievers. Subsequently in 1907 the company was dissolved and John Fearnley and his son established the present firm. They carry on their operations principally in Cincinnati and its viciniity, employing on an average fifteen people. During the current year up to September 1 they had taken down about fifty buildings. John Fearnley 140 - CINCINNATI—THE QUEEN CITY was born in Indianapolis, Indiana, in 1835, and after the usual education in the public schools learned the carpenter's trade. He then engaged in business for himself as a contractor and builder. In 1869 he removed to Cincinnati and here followed the same trade. Subsequently he organized the Mosier Manufacturing Company, which was engaged in the manufacture of wheelbarrows, trucks and scrapers. Upon the withdrawal of the members of the firm associated with him in this enterprise he conducted it alone for a number of years until engaging in the present business of wrecking buildings. His success has been accorded through personal effort and executive industry and not by any fortunate combination of circumstances which helped him to make his progress easy. He was united in marriage to Caroline Mayhew, a daughter of Royal Mayhew, of Indianapolis. Of children born to Mr. and Mrs. Fearnley six grew to maturity, Harry S., Hattie M., Blanche, Mary now deceased, Sarah and Lawrence. Harry S. Fearnley, the eldest of the childreh of the family, was born in 1861 and obtained his education in the public schools of Newport, Kentucky, where the family resided until 1881. In that year they came to Cincinnati and since that time have made this city their home. Upon entering a commercial career Harry S. Fearnley joined his father in his business operations. For a helpmate he chose Miss Harriet Mayhew, a daughter of Zadock Mayhew, of Cincinnati. Three children were born of this union, John Royal, Ruth and Harriet. Energetic and ambitious, Harry S. Fearnley has been his father's mainstay and aid in the conduct of his business, which through united effort they have built up to its present large proportions. He is industrious in his habits and impelled by a desire to succeed that cannot be disheartened by obstacles or reverses. WILLIAM RAY WOOD. As junior partner of the law firm of Wood & Wood the subject of this review needs no introduction to the readers of Cincinnati's history. Since his admission to the bar he has been his father's partner in the practice of patent law with a clientage that is large and distinctively representative. He is descended from New England ancestry, the earliest representative of the name in America arriving in 1620, after which the family became represented in New Hampshire and Masachusetts. The first to come to Ohio was Edmund Emerson Wood, the father of William R. Wood, who was born in New Hampshire and became a resident of Washington Courthouse, Ohio, in 186o. While there engaged in teaching school he took up the study of law, but had scarcely entered upon his professional career when, in 1864, he enlisted for service in the One hundred and sixty-eighth Ohio Volunteer Infantry, of which he was commissioned lieutenant and adjutant. The regiment was on duty during the time of Morgan's raid north of the Ohio river and most of the time Mr. Wood acted as its colonel. At the close of the term of enlistment in September, 1864, he was honorably discharged and in 1865 located for practice in Cincinnati, where he has since engaged in patent-law work. He married Anna E. Millikan at Washington Courthouse, March 9, 1870. She was a CINCINNATI—THE QUEEN CITY - 141 native of South Bend, Indiana, and a member of a North Carolina family, of Scotch-Irish origin. Her father, William Millikan, was for years editor of the Fayette County Herald of Washington Courthouse and her grandfather was a civil engineer, who surveyed much of the northwestern territory. Ancestors of both the Wood and Millikan families served as soldiers in the Revolutionary war. William R. Wood attended the public and high schools of Cincinnati and also the Kenyon Military Academy at Gambier, Ohio, which brought to him his only military training and experience. Later he was a student in the University of McMicken, after which he entered the chemical laboratory at Portsmouth, Ohio. Having decided upon the practice of law as a life work, he qualified for the bar as a student in the Cincinnati Law School, which he entered in 1891, completing the course with high honors as a graduate of the class of 1893. He then joined his father and has since specialized in the field of patent and trade-mark law, in which connection the legal business of the firm of Wood & Wood has been of a most important character. Their practice has shown uniform growth and they are representatives of many large industrial interests in Cincinnati and other parts ountry. On the 14th of July, 1896, in Washington Courthouse, William R. Wood was married to Alice Palmer, a daughter of C. A. and Jean Palmer, of that place. Their only child, a son, Edmund Palmer, is now twelve years of age. The religious faith of the family is that of the Unitarian church and the political belief of Mr. Wood is that of an independent republican who holds to the privilege of forming and supporting his own opinions without partisan dictation. He belongs to two college fraternities, the Sigma Chi and the Phi Delta Phi, and is well known as a prominent member of the Business Men's Club, of which he has served as director, as secretary for two years and as second vice president for one year. These interests and his cooperation in movements for the public good have brought him local prominence, while his professional activity, knowledge and ability have gained him recognition as one of the strong representatives of patent law in the nation. C. F. PRATT. Pratt, who is president of The Jewel Carriage Company and of The Ohio Motor Car Company, is a native of Oswego, New York, where he was reared and obtained his preliminary education. After being graduated from the high school of his native city he went to Rochester to attend the university, from which institution he was awarded the degree of Bachelor of Arts with the class of 1884. Having decided upon a commercial career, after the completion of his education, Mr. Pratt went to Cleveland, entering the employ of The Sherwin-Williams Paint company, with which firm he was identified for sixteen years. During twelve years of the period he was manager of the department in which were handled the carriage paints and varnishes. He severed his connections with this company in 1899, in order to become president of The Jewel Carriage Company which had been removed to Cincinnati from Hamilton, Ohio, two years previously 142 - CINCINNATI—THE QUEEN CITY   This company manufactures carriages, buggies, surries, phaetons and light wagon. They are an old and widely known concern, whose vehicles have an excellent reputation for durability and as a result the company enjoys a large patronage throughout the central and western states. Mr. Pratt is president and general manager; A. E. Schafer, vice president ; C. M. Anderson, secretary ; and O. M. Baker, treasurer. In 1909 Mr. Pratt was instrumental in organizing The Ohio Motor Car Company, the officials of which are the same as in The Jewel Carriage Company. The former company manufactures the Ohio automobile and auto delivery wagons. Although the latter concern has been in existence but a comparatively short time, it has been sufficiently long to demonstrate the fact that, the automobiles which they are turning out give promise of being most satisfactory, and are, so far as can be judged at present, fully equal in every respect to any other machines placed on the market. Both the carriages and automobiles are manufactured at Carthage, Ohio, where both companies maintain a fully equipped and thoroughly modern plant, in the operation of which they employ a large corps of skilled workmen.   Mr. Pratt, who has been twice married, is the father of two children: Lois M. and Jewel M., the family home being at Avondale. During the period of his identification with the business interests of Cincinnati, Mr. Pratt has shown himself to be a man possessing unusual powers of organization as well as executive ability, having largely developed the business of The Jewel Carriage Company since his official connection therewith.   THE RUDOLPH SUHRE SONS COMPANY.   Twenty-eight years ago .there. was started on Central avenue near Mohawk a small leather factory that during the intervening years has developed into one of Cincinnati's thriving and prosperous industries. Established with limited capital, its equipment was crude and inefficient, while its employes numbered less than six workmen, who pursued their duties under many inconvenciences in guarters that bore little resemblance to the magnificent plant now occupied by this company. The founder of the The Rudolph Suhre Sons Company was the late Rudolph Suhre, whose birth occurred in Prussia, on the i9th of January, 1844. He obtained his education in his native land, and there he resided until he had attained the age of seventeen years when he emigrated to the United States to make his fortune. Coming directly to Cincinnati he apprenticed himself to the tanner’s trade, under Louis Ballauf, a well known member of the board of education and one of Cincinnati's pioneer business men, and upon the expiration of his period of service worked as a journeyman until he was in circumstances to engage in business for himself. His career was that of the'rnan, who has his own way to make in the world, without capital or influential family connections. The son of worthy people, from earliest childhood he had impressed upon :him the value of honesty, industry and thrift and their ultimate reward in life's achievements, so he always applied. himself painstakingly to every task assigned him, executing his doties with a conscientious exactitude that unquestionably proved to be one of his most valuable assets in business. In 1883, at the age of thirty-nine years, he felt his   CINCINNATI—THE QUEEN CITY - 143   circumstances warranted his founding an enterprise of his own, so he opened the little factory on Central avenue. The energy and perseverance that had always characterized him, were emphasized by the determination of spirit that constantly urged him on in the face of the obstacles and difficulties encountered by every man, who fosters a struggling industry through those first few years of effort, to place it on a paying basis. His endeavors were rewarded, however, and he lived to see the business for which he had struggled and fought well established and thriving. Rudolph Suhre was still actively engaged in the management of his plant at the time of his death on the 8th of April, 1901, at the age of fifty-seven years. Following his demise his two sons, who had been associated with him from their school-days, took over the management of the concern, in the operation of which they are still engaged. They learned the business thoroughly in their youth and under the capable and intelligent supervision of their father developed into excellent business men as is manifested by the flourishing industry they are conducting. In December, 1904, the old plant on Central avenue was destroyed, but depsite the fact that they suffered a heavy loss, they immediately set about seeking a new location and purchased the place they now occupy. Their present plant covers an acre of ground, is thoroughly modern in every respect and fully equipped with every convenience and facility required in the manufacture of leather. They purchased and remodeled the building in the February, following their loss and immediately thereafter took possession. Six years after the death of the father, in March, 1907, the company was incorporated under its prestnt name, with William R. Suhre, president ; and Louis C. Suhre, secretary. They manufacture harness leather exclusively, turning out a very superior quality of this product, and sell to the jobbing trade only. Their patronage has increased in a most gratifying manner and it now requires the services of forty-five employes to fill their orders. Although the bulk of their business is done in the central and middle states, they make consignments throughout the country, and are annually increasing the number of their regular customers.   Undoubtedly Mr. Suhre was greatly assisted during the early years of his struggle to gain a foothold in the industrial world, by the able assistance rendered him through the capable management of the household affairs by his wife, whose maiden name was Wilhelmina Oberhelman. Eight children were born four to them, of whom lived to attain maturity, as follows : Minnie, William, Louis C. and Amelia.   William Suhre, the eldest son, was born in this city, on the 31st of October, 1869. After the completion of his schooling he was taken into the factory by his father. As he was expected to continue the business he was compelled to begin at the bottom and work his way up, passing through the various departments until he had had mastered every detail of the industry. Under the wise and intelligent direction of his father he developed into a capable business man, who is now recognized as one of the best informed leather men in the city. He married Annie Nagel, a daughter of Henry Nagel of this city and they have one son, Rudolph William. Mr. Suhre belongs to Cheviot Lodge, No. 140, F. & A. M. and he is also a member of the National Tanners' Association. Ever since the incorporation of the business he has been its president, and that he is well qualified for the duties of the office is evidenced by its present prosperity.   144 - CINCINNATI—THE QUEEN CITY   Louis C. Suhre, the younger son of the late Rudolph and Wilhelmina Shure, was born on the 25th of April, 1875. When he had acquired such knowledge as was deemed essential for the pursuit of a commercial career, he left the school-room and entered his father's plant to qualify himself to become a member of the firm. The enterprise and industry that characterize the man were early manifested in the youth, and he assiduously applied himself to the mastery of every detail of the leather business. Thoroughness has been one of the chief factors in the success that has attended his efforts and he is recognized as one of capable the men representing the leather industry in Cincinnati. Ever since the corporation of the business he has been secretary and is in every way well adapted to discharge the many details incident to this position. Mr. Suhre married Miss Minni Medick, a daughter of Michael Medick of this city and to them have been born four children : Edna, Louis R., Irma and Myrtle. He is also a member of the National Tanners' Association, through the medium of which he maintains relations with other leather dealers and manufacturers.   The Rudolph Suhre Sons Company is one of the many flourishing industries of Cincinnati that stand as a monument to the enterprising spirit, indomitable courage and determination of purpose, that in most cases formed the great part of the available assets of their founders ; men of such strong ambition, definite aim and dauntless courage that they never recognized defeat in any of its many guises, but used each failure as a stepping-stone to higher achievements.   JAMES A. FRAZER.   James A. Frazer was one of Cincinnati's early and substantial business men and his labors constituted an element in the commercial upbuilding of the city as well as his individual prosperity. He was born near Steubenville, Ohio July 5, 1819, and came to this city early in life, seeking here the broader business opportunities which were denied him in a smaller town. For a long period he was engaged in the wholesale grocery business as a member of the firm of Hosea & Frazer, but this did not constitute the limits of his activity for, in other fields as well, he proved his resourcefulness and ready adaptability. In 1856 his brother, Abner L. Frazer, came to Cincinnati and from that time forward the brothers were most harmoniously associated in business relations. As the years passed on and James A. Frazer saw opportunity for judicious investment in property he became the owner of considerable real estate and his holdings increased in value as the years went by, thus adding materially to his income. He was also for a time identified with banking interests, becoming connected with the First National Bank during the early period of its existence.   In Cincinnati, in 1848, Mr. Frazer was united in marriage to Miss Elizabeth McCormick, a daughter of John and Nancy (Platter) McCormick and a representative of one of the early families of the city. Her father was a pioneer business man here and at one time owned the entire business block on Fifth street, between Walnut and Main. He was also prominent in banking circles, becoming identified with the banking house of Strader & Gorman. During his active business career he remained as one of the city's well known bankers and waw hon-   CINCINNATI—THE QUEEN CITY - 147   ored and respected by all, not only by reason of the success he achieved, but also owing to the straightforward, honorable methods which he ever followed. In religion he was a stanch Covenanter. McCormick place is named in honor of the family, whose identification with public affairs was of a prominent and helpful character. Mrs. Frazer still lives in the home on Auburn avenue that her husband erected just before his death, which occurred on the 22d of July, 1879.   He was a faithful attendant of the Protestant Episcopal church and his honesty in every relation of life was one of his strongly marked characteristics. He was very charitable, giving freely and generously where aid was needed, and Mrs. Frazer has also contributed liberally to various benevolent organizations. She is a member of the Cincinnati Woman's Club and also of the Mount Auburn Protestant Episcopal church, of which Mr. Frazer was one of the founders. He was also one of the pioneer members of the Queen City Club and made friends wherever he went. He possessed a kindly spirit that won him the love of all. He had a pleasant smile and a cheery word for all with whom he came in contact and in the truest and best sense of the term he was a gentleman. He was ever ready to do his part for the welfare of Cincinnati and neglected no duty of citizenship, while at the same time he carefully and wisely directed his business affairs, thereby winning a place among the prosperous residents of Cincinnati in the middle portion of the nineteenth century.   THE ROUDEBUSH FAMILY.   One of the old families of the state that has been closely connected with the settlement, development and progress of Ohio for many years is the Roudebush family. In 165o two brothers and a sister of this family sailed from Amsterdam, Holland, to New York city, then a quaint little Dutch village, whence in 1666, they removed to Frederick county, Maryland. In Holland they were well-to-do merchants and in New York followed merchandising but in Maryland became farmers and millers, further prosperity there attending their efforts. One of their descendants, Daniel Roudebush, born in 1749, was married in 1774 to Christina Snively, who was born in Pennsylvania in 1759 and was of Dutch descent, a niece of Dr. Snively, a celebrated physician of colonial days. In 1796 Daniel Roudebush removed with his family to Bryant's Station, Kentucky, and in 1799 purchased five hundred acres of land from General James Taylor, of Newport, Kentucky, for two dollars per acre and immediately removed to the new purchase, which was located in Stark's survey, No. 2753, in Clermont county, Ohio. He died October 3, 1804, from the effects of exposure while lost in the woods the previous December, his wife's death occurring June 10, 1833. Daniel Roudebush had five sons and one daughter : David, Jacob, George, Katherine, the wife of Andrew Frybarger ; Daniel and John.   The son, Jacob Roudebush, was born in Frederick county, Maryland, in 1777, and in October, 1806, purchased one hundred and fifty-nine acres of land from General James Taylor. He was married April 17, 1807, to Elizabeth Hartman and they had six sons and four daughters : William, Francis J.,   Vol. IV-8   148 - CINCINNATI—THE QUEEN CITY   Daniel, James, John and Ambrose, deceased ; Mary Ann, who married ex-Sheriff Michael Cowen; Rebecca, the wife of John Rapp ; Paulina, the deceased wife of James Rapp ; :and Sarah, deceased. Jacob Roudebush died May 25, 1835, and his wife passed away July 5, 1869, after sixty-eight years' membership in the Baptist church. In his youth he had become a distiller but later successfully followed farming for . many years. He was quiet and unassuming in manner and died universally respected. His wife's memory of places and things and her power of description of what she had seen or known was unequaled in the county. In the maternal line she was related to the Hutchinsons, of Massachusetts and New York and was a descendant in the fifth generation of William Hutchinson who in 1626 came to America, settling in the Massachusetts colony. Her great-grandfather, William Hutchinson, was born in 1695 and his wife, Ann Von, was born March 6, 1700, in Amsterdam, Holland. When a child of six years she was kidnaped and brought to America. In 1723 she became the wife of William Hutchinson and their son William, born December 13, 1724, was married in 1754 to Catherine, born May 17, 1731. They had a daughter., Mary, born March 24, 1755, who became the wife of Christopher Hartman. Mr. and Mrs. William Hutchinson, Jr., also had four sons : Robert, Sylvester, Aaron and Ezekiel, who became Methodist preachers. The last named came to Ohio in 1806. The father of Christopher Hartman (father of Elizabeth, who was the mother of William Roudebush) was born in Livintzburg, Prussia, May 6, 1750, and in 1753 came to America with his father and four brothers. He wedded Mary Hutchinson in Mercer county, New Jersey, in August, 1776, and they had three sons and five daughters of whom Elizabeth, born May 22, 1783, in Mercer county, New Jersey, became wife of Jacob Roudebush, great-grandfather of Allen C. Roudebush. Another daughter, Rachel, became the wife of John Page. In 1795 Christopher Hartman removed by way of the water route to Lexington, Kentucky, and in 1801 became a resident of Williamsburg township, Clermont county, Ohio, there purchasing five hundred acres of land from General Lytle. It has been tamed that Ann Von, the great-great-great-great-grandmother of Allen C. Roudebush, stolen and kidnaped from Holland, was of noble birth, belonging to one of the wealthy Dutch families, and was spirited away in hopes of securing a large reward for her return.   Two of the most prominent of the worthy class of intelligent and enterprising pioneers who settled in Clermont county were Daniel and Jacob Roudebush, the great-great-grandfather and the great-grandfather of. Allen C. R: Roudebush. His .grandfather, Colonel William Roudebush, was born February 2, 1809, about two miles northwest of Boston, Ohio, when that was an unimproved region, the first log cabin having been erected only two years before. His father had to support his family by clearing away the forest. and raising what wheat and corn he could on the cleared land, cutting the wheat with a socl;e and threshing it with a flail. Jacob Roudebush had paid for the farm the year before William's birth, had secured a team of horses and a cow and soon obtained a few sheep. His wife spun, wove and made all the clothing worn from the flax raised on the place and from the wool which they sheared, and for years their sheep had to be penned up every night for protection from the wolves.   CINCINNATI—THE QUEEN CITY - 149   When about five years of age William Roudebush began his education under the instruction of a widow living a half-mile from his father's home, for there was no schoolhouse in the neighborhood. He was nine years of age when his father and other settlers built a little log schoolhouse with puncheon floor, stick and mud chimney, paper windows and split log benches. William attended school during the winter months and throughout the remainder of the year worked with his father on the farm until he reached the age of sixteen, when he was permitted to attend a school kept by Samuel McClellan for five months. The next winter he walked three miles to school and during that season studied Kirkham's Grammar, while the following year he took up geography. The next winter he was a pupil at Goshen and made some progress in algebra. He then began teaching in Rapp's schoolhouse, working in the summer and fall as a stone-cutter on the canal lock, near Chillicothe, and at nights kept the accounts of the workmen employed on the contract of General Thomas Worthington. In the winter seasons he continued teaching and in the summer months worked on the farm until 1835, when his father died. He and his mother then settled the estate and he had the management of the old homestead while his brother Daniel settled upon the other farm which the father had previously purchased. He still continued teaching in the winter and one spring acted as deputy assessor. In December, 1835, having saved some money, he purchased a farm of two hundred and twelve acres on Moore's Fork of Stonelick Creek for eight hundred and fifty dollars. It was entirely unimproved and in the spring of 1837 he began clearing away the forest. In 1833 he had been elected clerk of Stonelick township and was reelected for four succeeding years. In March, 1837, the common-pleas court appointed him to fill a vacancy in the office of county commissioner and he was also ex-officio fund commissioner to loan out thirty thousand dollars of the county's allotted share of the state fund received from the government as proceeds of sales of the public lands. In October, 1837, he was elected commissioner for three years and in 1840 was reelected. In the fall of 1843 William Roudebush, John D. White, of Brown county, and James F. Sargent, of Washington township, were elected representatives to the forty-second general assembly from Clermont, Clinton and Brown counties. In 1844 William Roudebush was elected sole representative from Clermont county and in the legislature took high rank in debate, becoming a democratic leader of influence. His speech in the house, February 11, 1845, on the final passage of the bill to incorporate the State Bank of Ohio and other banking companies, was published throughout the democratic press of the state, winning high encomiums from the party editors.   In 1845 or 1846 he was appointed land appraiser for the district of Stonelick, Jackson, Wayne and Goshen townships, under the first law in Ohio placing all property at its cash value. In 1839 he had been elected justice of the peace of Stonelick, serving three years, and in 1851 was elected magistrate of Wayne. In 1838 he was appointed on the board of county school examiners, serving three years, and previously, under another law, had been township examiner.   Colonel Roudebush took an active interest in the militia for fifteen years and participated in all the trainings, musters and marches that distinguished the county in their evolutions and parades many years ago. He was elected captain of the Fifth Rifle Company, in the First Rifle Regiment, Third Brigade,