CINCINNATI—THE QUEEN CITY - 751 In politics Mr. Freiberg is a democrat but without desire for office. He has attained high rank in Masonry, having taken the degrees of the Scottish Rite. He also holds membership with the Benevolent Protective Order of Elks and with Lincoln Lodge, No. 17, K. P. He likewise belongs to the Cincinnati Club, the Losantiville Country Club, and to the Business Men's Club. He is also connected with the Chamber of Commerce, of which he was a director, and is in hearty sympathy with the movements of the latter two organizations for the development of the city and its growth along business lines. To this end he has given his cooperation to many movements for the public good. JOHN RAHN, JR. John Rahn, Jr., president and general manager of the Rahn-Larmon Company, manufacturers of machine tools, is a self-made man who made his start in the business world as an apprentice, nor had he any special advantages to aid him at the outset of his career. Gradually, however, he worked his way upward and since establishing business on his own account he has been watchful of all the details of his trade and all indications pointing to prosperity, and from the beginning has had an abiding faith in the ultimate success of his enterprise. Mr. Rahn was born in this city in 1862. His father, for whom he was named, was a native of Germany and came to Cincinnati in 1837 from his native land. Here he worked for many years as a machinist and for a long period was the engineer in charge of the waterworks of Cincinnati. He was a lad of only nine years, however, when he arrived in this city, his father being John Rahn I. John W. Rahn, the father of our subject, learned his trade here and for many years was well known in connection with industrial interests ; he lived retired at the time of his death, December 24, 1911. The mother before her marriage was Miss Caroline Reis, her death occurring in 1878, over thirty years before her husband passed away. John Rahn, Jr., was a pupil in the public schools and Woodward high school, graduating in 1880, when he entered upon his apprenticeship to the machinist's trade under G. A. Gray, the founder of the G. A. Gray Company and the dean of the machine-tool manufacturers of Cincinnati. Mr. Rahn was Mr. Gray's first apprentice and remained with him for eight years in that capacity, thoroughly mastering every department of the business. Later lie worked for Mr. Gray as a journeyman machinist, subsequently as a draftsman and finally became foreman. His faithfulness, efficiency and reliability are indicated by his long connection with his first employer. After leaving the G. A. Gray Company in 1898 Mr. Rahn began business for himself in a little shop at No. 216 West Pearl street, turning his attention to the manufacture of machine tools. The beginning was a small and unimportant one and at first he employed but five or six men. Something of the growth of the enterprise is indicated by the fact that the company now employs from one hundred and fifty to one hundred and seventy-five skilled mechanics. The business is organized under the firm style of the Rahn-Larmon Company for the manufacture of machine tools, their output including engine, turret and gap lathes. They have their offices and factory Vol. IV-37 752 - CINCINNATI—THE. QUEEN CITY at No. 2941 Spring Grove avenue and the present officers of the company John Rahn, Jr., president and general manager ; Francis B. James, vice president; and A. J. Larmon, secretary and treasurer. The growth of the business has been steady and substantial and the house has won an enviable reputation. The equipment of the plant is thoroughly modern and theirs is one of the representative machine tool manufacturing concerns in this city, which leads America in industrial interests of this character. In 1884 Mr. Rahn was united in marriage to Miss Alice Crominus, a daughter of Jacob and Elizabeth (Schneider) Crominus. Her father, like Mr. Rahn's father, was at one time mechanical and constructing engineer of the waterworks here. Unto Mr. and Mrs. Rahn have been born two children but both are now deceased. In his fraternal relations Mr. Rahn is a Mason and is now serving as Master of Lafayette Lodge, No. 81, F. &. A. M. He is in hearty sympathy with the purposes of the craft and recognizes and exemplifies the principles of brotherhood in his relation with his fellowmen. Justice has ever been maintained in his connection with his patrons and his employes and several of those who were with him in the early days of his business are still in his service. He has gained a place among the men of affluence in Cincinnati but this has not been alone the goal for which he was striving, for he belongs to that class of representative American citizens who promote the general prosperity while advancing individual interests. OSCAR I. FRANK. Very pleasantly situated in the Columbia apartments in Avondale, Oscar I. Frank is now devoting his attention to the management of his property interests, but for almost a third of a century was an active member of the Cincinnati bar, his ability gaining for him a liberal clientage that connected him with much of the litigation of the city. He was born in Osterode-on-the-Harz, in Hanover, Germany, August 29, 185o, and in his youthful days was brought to America by his parents, Dr. Isaac Theodore and Helena (Loewenstein) Frank, who after landing in New York city made their way direct to Cincinnati, arriving here on the 4th of September, 1854. His mother was a member of the noted family of bankers in Berlin, her nephews, Selmar and Harry Loewenstein, being prominently connected with the Imperial Bank of Germany, and their home, the Villa Loewenstein, is situated in Kaiserin Augusta strasse, being one of the most palatial of Berlin's homes. On locating in Cincinnati Dr. Isaac T. Frank at once entered upon the practice of medicine, in which he speedily met with gratifying success. Liberal educational advantages fitted him for his chosen profession. He graduated as a physician from the famous University of Goettingen, June 19, 1833, with distinguished honors and for twenty-one years previous to coming to America followed his profession in Germany, while for thirty-three years he practiced with excellent success in Cincinnati. His usefulness continued to the very last. On the day of his death he made his usual rounds among his patients, numbering among his patrons many of the foremost thlies of the city. On the 19th of CINCINNATI—THE QUEEN CITY - 753 June, 1883, he celebrated his fiftieth anniversary as a practicing physician at his residence on West Eighth avenue. He was extremely conscientious and zealous in his professional service and his very presence in the sick room was a dawning of healthful days to his patients. It was probably his zeal in behalf of those whom he treated professionally that undermined his health and hastened his death when he was in his seventy-seventh year. He had made valuable contributions to medical literature in Europe, writing for a number of the leading medical journals in the country, including Hygea. He was also editor of a celebrated work on epilepsy and was the author of Dr. Frank's Magazine for Physiological and Clinical Materia Medica and Toxicology in four volumes, published at Leipzig, by Baumgartner, between 1843 and 1854. At the time of his death he was considered one of the foremost consulting physicians of the United States and when he was called to his final rest February 24, 1887, the press united in paying honor to one whose prominence had been so worthily gained. He gave progress to the world in the field of medical practice and research and was nowhere more highly honored than among his fellow contemporaries in the profession. His wife, who was very prominent socially, had died previous to his death. Oscar I. Frank, the only surviving member of the family of Dr. I. T. and Helena Frank, was a pupil in the public schools of Cincinnati and in the Woodward high school, from which he was graduated in 1869. In 187o, he entered the Cincinnati Law School, where he completed the course, graduating in April, 1872. He afterward took a post-graduate course of law in the famous Columbia College of New York city, returning to Cincinnati in May, 1873. He then opened an office and for more than thirty years remained a successful member of the bar, continuing in the general practice of law, wherein he gave tangible proof of his comprehensive understanding of the principles of jurisprudence. He was beloved by all who came in contact with him for his sterling qualities of honor and kindness and as a defender of the right. At different times he made large investments in real estate and his holdings are now extensive, relieving him from further care and activity in the professional field. In Cincinnati, on the 29th of October, 1878, Mr. Frank was united in marriage to Miss Hattie Leon, a daughter of Marx and Jeanette Leon. For many years her father was the head member and one of the organizers of the well known extensive wholesale clothing firm of Leon, Marks & Company. He was born in Alsace, France, and when a young man of thirteen years came to the United States, arriving in 1842. He went first to Muncie, Indiana, where he was engaged in the clothing business until 1855. He afterward came to Cincinnati and was the founder and promoter of the house of Leon, Marks & Company, which had branch . establishments in some of the leading cities of the country. He was a very popular man, eagerly welcomed at the social functions of the different clubs in which he held membership. He had great appreciation for friendship and at all times recognized the obligations of life, giving generously and freely when aid was needed. He was regarded as one of the most prominent business men and merchants of Cincinnati, his record being of a most creditable character, for his success was the result of his own labors. He used every opportunity to the best possible advantage and his business enterprise and 754 - CINCINNATI—THE QUEEN CITY ability enabled him to triumph over many obstacles and he was a power in commercial circles. Mrs. Frank is a lady of culture and refinement and has been to her husband a faithful companion and helpmate. She has been a self-sacrificing mother, ever devoted to her family of three sons who are well established in the brokerage business as dealers in investment securities, bonds and stocks, and one daughter, all of whom are an honor to their parents, whom they revere. For nearly thirty years Mr. Frank was a member of the Phoenix Club and is a life member of the Young Men's Mercantile Library since the year 1886. For forty years he has been and is a member of the Rockdale Avenue Temple and is also a contributing member of different charities. Since age conferred upon him the right of franchise he has supported the republican party. MAX SCHMIDT. Max Schmidt, who is well known in the business world of Cincinnati from his connection with the Western Hardwood Lumber Company, was born in Hamilton, Ohio, August 3, 1865. He was reared in his native town and was educated in the public schools and also in the high school of that place. Starting out in the business world, he worked for four years at the goldsmith's trade, subsequent to which he formed a partnership with a Mr. Zugelter, establishing the Western Hardwood Lumber Company. This firm was established in 1898 and has been conducting a wide and successful business ever since. Their establishment is located at the east end of the Eighth avenue viaduct. Mr. Schmidt married Miss Magdalena Bath, a daughter of Michael and Mary Bath, of New Albany, Indiana. In his political views Mr. Schmidt is a democrat, and fraternally he is affiliated with the Masonic order. In all his business relations, both as a goldsmith and as a lumberman, he has been very prosperous. During his entire connection with the lumber company—a period of fourteen years—the firm on obtaining customers has never lost them, which fact is due to the excellent service rendered by the company to all its patrons and the honest and upright business principles used. Throughout his business life Mr. Schmidt has made consecutive advancement, each step being carefully and thoughtfully planned, and his ambition and energy stand forth as strong elements in his creditable career. WILLIAM S. TEASDALE. William S. Teasdale, head of the enterprise bearing his name, represents the third generation of his family to be engaged in the operation of this industry, which is one of the oldest in Cincinnati, having been founded seventy-six years ago. He was born in this city in 1876, a son of William R. and Mary (Shutt) Teasdale, and is of English extraction in the paternal line. His grandfather, Teasdale, was born and reared in the northern part of England, and CINCINNATI—THE QUEEN CITY - 755 there he also received a limited education. After leaving school he learned the trades of weaving and dyeing, which he continued to follow in his native land until 1835. He was a capable workman and most ambitious, and 'becoming dissatisfied with the opportunities afforded for advancement in his own country he determined to seek new fields of activity. With this thought in mind fie took passage for the United States in 1835, coming directly to Cincinnati. Upon his arrival in this city, he established a small industry on the present site of the postoffice, remaining there for four years. At the expiration of that period, in 1839, he removed to 625 Walnut street, and there the plant has ever since been located. When he settled at this point, he enlarged his quarters to meet the needs of his growing business, which has continued to increase until the firm now occupies three buildings, thirty-five by one hundred and ninety-two and a half feet, with four stories in front and six in the rear. He had two sons, William R., the father of our subject ; and Henry, both of whom after leaving school entered their father's factory, where they thoroughly learned the business. When sufficiently mature and fully qualified to assume a share of the responsibilities connected with the operation of the industry, they were taken into the business, continuing to be identified with it during the remainder of their active lives. William R. Teasdale passed away in 1900, and his son, William S., succeeded him in the business. In all probability there is no industry that has undergone more changes or made more progress in the last half century than is to be observed in the operation of a dyeing and cleaning plant. The processes involved have been practically revolutionized by modern scientific discoveries and chemical analysis. The founding of the Teasdale establishment antedated the discovery of the aniline dyes, with their infinite variety of shades and tints, the coloring matters formerly used in this business not making it possible to produce the wonderful effects now achieved. Then, too, textiles are better understood and it is now recognized that absolutely different processes must be employed in the treatment of cottons, wools and silks in order to produce like effects. The art of cleaning has advanced equally far, as during the early days of the elder Teasdale the volatile gasoline, benzine and naptha, with their marvelous dirt dissolving properties, were still unknown to science. The discovery of kerosene and its many wonderful by-products has proven of inestimable assistance in promoting both of these industries, as formerly the processes employed were involved and uncertain in their results, and were almost as great a speculation to the dyer and cleaner as to his patrons. Cincinnati has always been the home of William S. Teasdale, who obtained his early education in the common schools. As it was intended that he should succeed his father and grandfather in the business founded by the latter, he subsequently entered the Cincinnati College of Pharmacy, where he pursued a thorough course in chemistry. He also studied this science in the old technical school, as well as in the Textile School of Philadelphia, which is recognized as one of the finest institutions of the kind in the world. In fitting himself to continue the business he spared neither time nor money in the acquirement of his equipment, and possesses a fundamental knowledge of the sciences involved that has been the main factor in promoting his success. His knowledge of chemistry and textiles enables him by scientific analysis to quickly achieve results that necessitate expensive and oftentimes dangerous experiments on the part of the 756 - CINCINNATI—THE QUEEN CITY less well informed man engaged in the business. Mr. Teasdale is thoroughly practical and although most progressive in his ideas, is too conservative to adopt any process until he is convinced of its feasibility. Under his capable supervision the business has made wonderful strides, although the house has always borne a reputation second to none in the city, and it now requires the services of eighty-five people, on an average, to fill their orders. The quality of the work is such that they not only enjoy a large city patronage but have customers in all of the near by towns of any size. From the very first this enterprise was conducted in strict accordance to the highest standards of business integrity, and the policy has never changed during the seventy-six years of its existence. They are known to be thoroughly reliable and dependable in every respect, and it is undoubtedly due to this fact that each year's business has shown a marked advance over that of the preceding year. The names of many of their regular patrons have been found on the firm's books for over a half century, the present head of the establishment doing business with the children and grandchildren of the early customers of its founder. Mr. Teasdale is a member of the Business Men's and Blaine Clubs and the Stamina Republican League, while he maintains relations with the other representatives of his industry through the medium of his connection with the National Association of Dyers and Cleaners, of which he is an honorary member. He is in every way a creditable manager of the enterprise that has borne the name of William Teasdale for the greater part of a century, never having been changed since it was founded in 1835, and is generally recognized by all who have had transactions with him to be one of the progressive and capable business men of the city. R. FEE JOHNSTON. For the majority of mankind business is the rule of life and there is stimulus in the thought of competition, the fact that others are striving to gain a certain goal, and if the individual would win his share of the reward lie must put forth earnest, untiring effort. Knowing that industry and energy must pay the price of prosperity, R. Fee Johnston has used those qualities with splendid results and is now one of the leading and best known young business men of Cincinnati, being president of the R. F. Johnston Paint Company, manufacturers of paints with offices, salesrooms and factory from No. 224 to No. 23o Main street. He was born at Moscow, Ohio, August 30, 1874, and is a son of Robert L. and Mary F. (Pattison) Johnston. His boyhood days were spent in his native town, where he attended the public schools until graduated from the high school with the class of 1887. In 1889 he arrived in Cincinnati and for a period of three years was employed as a traveling salesman by the Western Paint Company of this city. He then became associated as salesman with the Iridian Paint Company of Cincinnati and remained with that concern until 1906, when he organized the R. F. Johnston Paint Company and became president and general manager. This company while comparatively new has had a remark- CINCINNATI—THE QUEEN CITY - 759 ably successful existence. In 1907 they began the manufacture of their now well known brand, the "Dull Kote" paints. This paint will wash as though it were tile and has become widely known throughout the country. The company occupies the entire buildings from No. 224 to 23o Main street and its officers are : R. F. Johnston, president ; R. L. Johnston, vice president ; H. P. Aiken, treasurer and W. G. Johnston, a brother of our subject, secretary. They employ from thirty-five to fifty men and the business is capitalized for one hundred thousand dollars, all paid in. Although still a young man, R. Fee Johnston has been engaged in the paint manufacturing business for over twenty-two years, and his long experience has made him thoroughly equipped for carrying on his present undertaking. Mr. Johnston is an active member of the Cincinnati Business Men's Club and takes a helpful interest in its various projects for promoting and advancing business conditions in the city. He is also well known in fraternal circles and now holds membership with the Masons and the Knights of Pythias, his brethren of those organizations recognizing in him a genial companion and friend. EDWIN E. STEVENS. Edwin E. Stevens has been engaged in the practice of law in Cincinnati for seventeen years. He comes of good New England parentage on the paternal side and can claim worthy pioneers as his ancestors. On the maternal side, his grandfather, John Lowes, came of good Pennsylvania Dutch parentage and the grandmother, who before her marriage was Miss Mary Irwin, was of Scotch-Irish descent. With these advantages at his birth he made an excellent start in the world and today ranks among the influential men of Hamilton county. He is a native of Maineville, Warren countythhio, and was born on the 11ith of January, 1867, a son of Eliphalet and Mary J. (Lowes) Stevens. The father was born in Maine and came west with his parents Ephraim and Martha Stevens, and brothers and sisters, when he was six years of age. The party. crossed the Alleghany mountains in wagons and came down the Ohio river to Huntsville Butler county, Ohio, stopping for two or three years at that place. The family finally settled in Warren county. Ephraim Stevens, the grandfather of our subject, was born at Northrup, near Augusta, Maine, and grew to manhood in the Pine Tree state. He possessed the pioneer instinct and lived to become one of the substantial men of Ohio. He was a farmer, while his son Eliphalet engaged in farming and also learned the stone mason's trade. The son gained quite a reputation as .a contractor in Warren county. He died in 1897, at the age of eighty-four years, while his wife followed him in 1910 at the ripe old age of eighty-seven years. Mr. Stevens of this sketch passed his boyhood and youth on his father's farm and in the public schools received his preliminary education. He taught school in Warren county for six years but could not remain permanently satisfied in the confining atmosphere of the schoolroom. Having decided to enter professional life, he came to Cincinnati in 1892 and matriculated in the Cincinnati Law School. After pursuing the regular course in that institution he was 760 - CINCINNATI—THE QUEEN CITY graduated in 1894 with the degree of LL. B. He was soon afterward admitte to the bar of Hamilton county and has since been uninterruptedly engaged in practice in Cincinnati. He is also widely known as a real-estate operator, in which he began not as a broker but as owner of property and has added to his holdings from time to time until his various farms adjacent to Cincinnati comprise about one thousand acres. In the city he has done much to transfer unsightly vacancies into attractive residence property by erecting many apartment houses and homes. These he rents and his operations in this connection have grown to very extensive proportions, so that he is accounted to be one of the heavy property holders of Cincinnati. He is thoroughly informed concerning values, knows what property is upon the market and keeps in close touch with all that affects real-estate interests. From 1901 until 1904 he was the manager of a large producing oil company, operating in the Beaumont oil fields of Texas. In 1890 Mr. Stevens was married to Miss Mary A. Hopper, a daughter of Nicholas B. Hopper, of Maineville, and to this union three children have been born, Aurelia, Lawrence and Harold. Mr. .Stevens is a member of the Price Hill Methodist Episcopal church and is now serving as secretary of the board of trustees of that organization. Active and efficient in whatever he undertakes, he gained a gratifying measure of success in his profession and among his clients are some of the most prominent firms and individuals in the city. His professional work coupled with his realty .transactions have made him a very busy man. His activities in real-estate, have more and more largely engrossed his time and attention and at length have brought him to a place where few real-estate men exceed him in the extent of their holdings or in their operation< in the realty field. He has admirable social qualities and his personal worth is such that many are happy to recognize in him a friend. WILLIAM M. PERIN. William M. Perin, a prominent business man of Cincinnati and one of its most progressive citizens, belongs to an early English family of America, which settled in Ohio about one hundred years ago, Perintown, Clertmont county, being named after this family. He was born in Cincinnati, March 11, 1869, a son of Oliver L. and Elizabeth K. Perin. The father was a distiller and was president of the Mill Creek Distilling Company. Mr. Perin of this review received his preliminary education in the public schools of Cincinnati and later became a student of the high school, in which he continued until twenty years of age. He then went to Indian Territory, having received appointment as post trader at Fort Supply. In the same year the government abolished the office of post trader and gave authority for the establishment of canteens at the various army posts. However, his father needed his services in connection with the distilling business and he returned home and assisted his father until 1893. He then associated with John H. Gibson as the Gibson & Perin Company in the stationery and printing business. The firm began on a small scale on Walnut street, between Third and Fourth streets, and continued in that location for seventeen years. The business increased to such an CINCINNATI—THE QUEEN CITY - 761 extent that larger accommodations were necessary and accordingly the present quarters at 121 to 123 West Fourth avenue were selected. Here the firm occupies eight floors, covering a total space of thirty-five thousand square feet, and seventy persons are given employment. The business has developed until it is one of the most important of its kind in this part of the country. On October 9, 1893, in this city, Mr. Perin was married to Miss Alice M. Eakle, a daughter of William P. Eakle, who was one of the well known residents of this city. He is now deceased but his wife is still living and makes her home at Madisonville. Mr. and Mrs. Perin are the parents of one son, Oliver William, a promising young man who is now a student at the Ohio Military Institute of College Hill. Mr. Perin and his family reside in an elegant modern home erected by him on Paddock road, Bond Hill City. Politically Mr. Perin is a stanch supporter of the republican party and fraternally is very prominent in the Masonic order, being a thirty-second degree Mason and a Shriner. He is past high priest of Kilwinning Chapter and past commander of Hanselmann Commandery. He is a member of the Business Men's Club, the Transportation Club and the Avondale Golf Club. He takes great interest in the automobile and is a member of the board of directors of the Cincinnati Automobile Club and the Dayton (Ohio) Automobile Club. In business circles he is very well known and was for two years a member of the board of directors of the Cincinnati Industrial Bureau. The house of which he is one of the founders is widely recognized on account of its reliable dealings and strict business principles on which its affairs are conducted. Mr. Perin is a man of congenial manners and pleasing address and is a true representative of energy, enterprise and progressiveness, so necessary in the development of any important undertaking. FRANK REICHRATH, SR. Among the German-American residents of Cincinnati none were more greatly loved and respected than Frank Reichrath, Sr. While he always felt a deep affection for the land of his adoption he was also strongly attached to the land of his birth, and it was this that led him to institute plans that converted a waste district into one of the beautiful parks and gardens of the city. He was born in Rilsheim, Bavaria, in 1840. His educational opportunities were very limited and he became an apprentice to the village blacksmith when very young, working at the trade in Karlsruhe, Baden. At the age of eighteen years he came to America in company with his parents and one sister who is now Mrs. Trageser, of this city. After landing the family made their way direct to Cincinnati and Frank Reichrath, then a young man, opened a blacksmith shop on Bank street near Freeman avenue. There he earned the first money that was ever paid to him for service in Cincinnati. He recognized that here was a good opportunity for the establishment of a family garden of the old Bavarian style, and set his heart on having such a place as he remembered and loved in the old country. He worked long and hard, however, before this dream at length became a reality. In 1862 they removed to Cumminsville, then a suburb of Cincinnati, and Mr. 762 - CINCINNATI—THE QUEEN CITY Reichrath established Reichrath Park, which was then a waste district, flooded with flotsam from the mill creek and covered with half uprooted stumps. In 1865 Mr. Reichrath was united in marriage to Miss Mary Wolfram, of Delhi, and together they worked and saved, and inch by inch the waste ground was reclaimed, grass sown and trees planted until the garden of his dreams materialized. It remained for years his chief center of interest for every tree and shrub was planted by his own hands. He called the place Reichrath Park and it remains today the popular German pleasure resort of Cincinnati, being the first attractive family year added this city. Year by year added to its improvement and its beauty, and his pleasure came to him in knowing that the garden was a popular resort with those who had love for the old institutions and customs of the fatherland. It was therefore a real sorrow that came to Mr. Reichrath when the mill creek overflowed several years ago, destroying every semblance of beauty in the garden and leaving only a waste of mud and debris. His great sorrow and grief over this disaster at length undermined his health, bringing on heart disease although he at once undertook the work of reclamation and improvement. From that time forward, however, he lived in constant terror of the stream and constant worry over his pet garden is supposed to have been the cause of his death, which occurred January 31, 1903. Mr. Reichrath is survived by his widow, Mrs. Mary Reichrath, and their two children, Frank and Fredricka, the former now conducting the business. Mr. Reichrath was well known among leading influential residents of Cincinnati and counted many of them as his friends. Among number were General Banning, W. A. Davidson and ex-Chief of Police Phillip Deitsch. So often in life men are turned aside from carrying out a cherished plan or wish, but Mr. Reichrath practically devoted all of his years to the attainment of an object which was most dear to his heart. There was, however, a request which he made that was not granted. It was his wish to be buried in his garden but the city ordinance forbids interment in certain districts and therefore he was laid to rest in St. Bernard cemetery. He stood as a high type of the German-American business man and citizen, belonging to that class whose pleasures are shared with their families, a habit which does much to foster the love of home life and family relations that constitutes the basic element of our social existence. ALBERT POGUE GAHR. Albert Pogue Gahr, who died on the 12th of October, 1910, was born at Madison, Indiana, October 15, 1864, and came to Cincinnati while a small boy. He attended school here and then started his business career with the Swift's Iron & Steel Works. In 1890 he associated himself with The E. A. Kinsey Company, and afterwards became vice president and general manager of that company, and was very active in upbuilding that concern and promoting its trade relations up to the time of his death. Mr. Gahr was well known in club circles, holding membership in the Queen City, Ohio, Toledo and Hamilton Clubs. In those organizations he made many CINCINNATI—THE QUEEN CITY - 765 friends, his salient traits of character being such as to commend him to the goodwill and kindly regard of those with whom he was associated. His charitable deeds were many. Mr. Gahr was united in marriage to Miss Lillie Elden, a daughter of William Elden, who came to Cincinnati from Portsmouth, Ohio, at a very early day, and was a prominent and leading representative of the iron industry in Cincinnati. CHARLES KILBURN. Charles Kilburn, who is a partner in the firm of the Lang Monument Company in Cincinnati, was born10, Manchester, Vermont, June Jo, 1869. He received his early education in the public schools there, and on putting aside his text-books, worked as a clerk in a store, where lie remained three years. He then took up stone cutting by hand, and has followed that trade for the past twenty-seven years, all his work having been done in the monumental carving line. For the past two years he has been a partner of Albert Lang, in the firm of the Lang Monumental Company, whose shops are located at the corner of Gilbert and Hill streets, where they have one of the best and most modern equipped establishments of its kind in this city. The firm has been very successful since it first opened its doors for business, and its extensive patronage is due to its excellent treatment and service rendered its customers, first-classability to furnish first:class material and workmanship. Mr. Kilburn wedded Miss Lucy Eldrid, daughter of James Eldrid, of the state of New York. To Mr. and Mrs. Kilburn have been born six children : Marshall ; Raymond ; Ranson ; Capitola ; Dorotha and Rosaline. Fraternally Mr. Kilburn is identified with the Woodmen of the World, with the F. O. B. lodge, and with the Woodmen Circle. In his political views he is a democrat, and he is a faithful member of the Methodist Episcopal church. In his chosen work of monumental stone cutting Mr. Kilburn has been very prosperous, and his success is not due to any inherited fortune, or happy succession of advantageous circumstances, but to his own sturdy wiindustryous habits, tireless industry and sterling integrity. He has the warm regard of a large circle of friends, both in business and in the social world, and is numbered among the honored residents of this city. JAMES HARLAN CLEVELAND. It is seldom that one of his years—for James Harlan Cleveland was but forty-two years of age at the time of his death—leaves upon the history of his community an impression so ineradicable, but in Mr. Cleveland force of character and laudable ambition were combined with ability wisely directed, and practical effort had its complement in ideality, while strong intellectuality was supplemented by the most engaging social qualities. The simplicity of his nature had its rise in purity and honesty of thought and purpose and if there were mis- 766 - CINCINNATI—THE QUEEN CITY takes in his life they were of the head rather than the heart. The thoughtful reader gleans from such a life record many valuable lessons and the career of James Harlan Cleveland is one which any may well emulate. Mr. Cleveland was born in Frankfort, Kentucky, January 21, 1865, and was descended from a distinguished and honorable ancestry. His father, Francis L. Cleveland, was one whose counsel weighed heavily in moulding public thought and action. He saw service in the state legislature of Kentucky when the difference of opinion between the north and. the south precipitated the country into the Civil war. When the governor of the commonwealth and others high in the councils of the state advocated secession Francis L. Cleveland was among those who stood valiantly for the Union and cast a decisive vote in favor of upholding the federal government at a time when to vote otherwise would. have been to join the interests of Kentucky with those of the rebellious south. In the maternal line Mr. Cleveland also represented a proud and prominent old family of the south. His mother in her maidenhood was Laura Harlan, a sister of Justice John M. Harlan and a daughter of James Harlan, a prominent Kentucky lawyer who, after serving as a member of congress, filled the offices of secretary of state, presidential elector, legislator and attorney general, having filled the last named position for thirteen years when, in 1865, death claimed him. Supplementing his early educational training by a college course at Augusta, Kentucky, James H. Cleveland afterward entered Princeton University from which he was graduated with honors in the class of 1885, receiving the "Chancellor Green Mental Science Fellowship." As a result he spent the following year in study in Germany, particularly at the University of Berlin. While is was impossible for one of his conscientious and earnest temperament in any way to neglect the opportunities for higher scholarship thus offered him, he always felt that the greatest value of this year's experiences came through the broader view of men and of life thus opened up to one whose previous associations had been those of the restricted atmosphere of a smaller western town, and the somewhat conventional surroundings of a strictly academic institution of learning. Following his year's sojourn abroad, Mr. Cleveland entered upon the study of law under the direction of his uncle, Justice Harlan, and afterward attended the Columbian Law School, which is now the law department of the George Washington University. Just before the completion of his law course he was appointed, on the 29th of February, 1888, by Attorney General Garland, to the position of assistant United States attorney for this district, serving under William B. Burnet with John E. Bruce and Talfourd P. Linn as his associates. In a review of his life read at a memorial meeting of the bar of Cincinnati, it was said: "Although but twenty-three years of age at the time of his appointment as an officer of this court, he immediately won the confidence of his associates in office and of the court, and almost at the outset of his' career he was marked as one destined to achieve unusual distinction in his profession. His thorough grasp of the law, exceptional for one of such brief experience, his careful and detailed preparation of his cases, and his confident manner of presentation, never erring on the side of self-assertion or aggressiveness, and his sincerity with court and jury made him a .formidable opponent and soon a most important factor in the business of this court. On November 3, 1889, he resigned his office to enter the general practice of law, forming a partnership with Mr. C. Bentley Matthews CINCINNATI—THE QUEEN CITY - 767 under the firm name of Matthews & Cleveland. He took an active part in the campaigns of his party, particularly. in the presidential campaign of 1892, and upon the incoming of the democratic administration he was appointed by President Cleveland on March 28, 1894, to be United States attorney for the southern district of Ohio, taking as his assistants his old associate, Mr. Bruce, and Mr. Charles T. Greve. He served the full term of four years and also an ad interim term of a few months until the appointment of his successor, and his administration of his office but served to strengthen the impression he had made as an assistant in the same position. He had developed very rapidly in the few years that had passed, and his entire familiarity with the details of his work, combined with the mature judgment of the more experienced lawyer, placed him in the front rank of the representatives of the government. During his administration he represented the government in much important litigation, much of it arising from the fact that this was the seat of the newly established court of appeals, and he was associated on equal terms with and opposed to some of the ablest attorneys of the federal bar. In October, 1897, the firm of which he was a member became Matthews, Cleveland & Bowler by the addition of Mr. Robert B. Bowler, formerly comptroller of the treasury of the United States, and in February, 1898, Cleveland & Bowler, Mr. Matthews retiring, and so continued until the death of Mr. Bowler, September 16, 1902. After that date he continued to practice alone, until in the spring of 1906 he took as his partner Mr. Morrison R. Waite, under the firm name of Cleveland & Waite. Shortly after the founding of the new law department of the University of Cincinnati he became, in the fall of 1897, a member of the faculty of that institution, and so continued until the summer of 1906, when, realizing that he must conserve his strength, he sent from Europe his resignation from a field of labor that was most congenial and attractive to him. He taught the subjects of criminal law and procedure and equity with marked success, and was much beloved by both the students and the members of the faculty. Upon the death of Dean Wald in June, 1902, he served as dean for the few months that preceded the selection of a dean (Mr. W. P. Rogers) who could devote his entire time to the school. He was admirably adapted for teaching and felt that this part of his career was one of the highest importance as an opportunity of great usefulness, both to himself and to his profession. He was also a life member of the board of trustees of Kenyon College. "At the time of his retirement from the United States attorneyship, Mr. Cleveland had already won for himself a leading position at the bar. Although then but thirty-three years of age, he had so matured in mind and body that he had ceased to be regarded as simply an able young lawyer. The matter of his age never occurred to one in thinking or speaking of him unless it was to marvel at his remarkable development. And yet, in considering his attainments, it must not be forgotten that at the time of his death he was just entering that period of life when the accumulated stores of well spent youth, enriched by the wider view of maturing faculties, open up vistas of greater accomplishment to the member of a learned profession. At forty-two the larger work of a lawyer is just beginning, and to a man equipped as was Harlan Cleveland there would seem to be no limit to the possibilities of his career had it been permitted to him to continue upon it. He never ceased to be a stut, and combined with inde- 768 - CINCINNATI—THE QUEEN CITY fatigable energy the capacity for long sustained and intelligently directed labor. He possessed above all the legal instinct, the breadth of view that saw the law as a whole, consistent in all its parts, developing through a long line of precedents and experiences into a complete rule of conduct—a safe guide for the well disposed and a restraint and a menace to those inclined to forget their relations and obligations to their fellows. Not only did he see clearly, but he had the power of making others, the court, the jury or the law student see clearly, and this is only possible to the lawyer who thinks clearly and cleanly. He had the loftiest conception of a lawyer's duty to the public, to the court and to himself, as well as to his client, and this element of conscience won for him the confidence of all and made his presentation most effective. This feeling or obligation to the truth was particularly marked in his conduct as a prosecutor ; he never forgot that the highest duty of such a one was not to convict the accused, but to see that justice was done. Never did the zeal of prosecution or of conflict permit him to regard the victory as won by a verdict unless that verdict was a just and fair one, and the man unjustly accused of wrong doing found in him his strongest advocate. When it is remembered that one-third of his professional life was spent in an official position the duties of which are largely those of the prosecutor, it will be seen how important an element of his character was this strong sense of justice. "Mr. Cleveland from the first years of his residence in this community took an active part in politics. He was a democrat and a firm believer in the principles of that party as he understood those principles to have endured since the earliest days of the division of parties in this country. He was never an opportunist, and when he felt that his party was wandering in its allegiance to its underlying ideas, he did not hesitate to step aside for a time or, rather, to attempt to lead it back to its own. He believed strongly that it was the duty of the citizen to bear his share of the struggle for the triumph of his principles, and from first to last he was active in the counsels and leadership of his party. He did not scorn to be a 'practical politician,' that is, one who believed that the truth not only should be made clear but that it should be made of practical benefit. He believed that a great party organization could be wielded for the good of the community and gave much of his energy and the strength of his standing in the community to holding together and strengthening the organization of his party. He took part in the conventions, local, state and national, of the democracy, as a delegate, presiding officer and leader, and however much one may disagree with him in his political views, there can be no disagreement as to the loftiness of his motives or the value of his influence. The term 'practical idealist' was once applied to him by a political opponent. It is a not inapt designation. The same earnestness and conscience that so marked his attitude towards his profession, his teaching, and his political endeavors, characterized his attitude towards matters of religion. He was a consistent worker in the Episcopal church, taking part in its service and in its councils. His religion was a reality with him, not a thing apart, and entered into and moulded his daily life. He was learned in its doctrine and sincere in his devotion to its precepts." On the 5th of June, 1888, Mr. Cleveland was married in Washington, D C., to Miss Grace E. Matthews, a daughter of the late Justice Stanley Matthews, and they became the parents of eight children, six of whom are living. The CINCINNATI—THE QUEEN CITY - 769 relations of the home were ideal, Mr. Cleveland finding his greatest happiness in ministering to the welfare of wife and children. The family residence was maintained at Glendale, and there death claimed James Harlan Cleveland on the morning of December 24, 1906. Some months before he had been ordered abroad by his physicians with the hope that rest and change would improve his health. Knowing his own condition, Mr. Cleveland never sought to lighten his own burdens by calling upon the sympathy or assistance of others, and even those with whom he was most closely associated through ties of friendship and professional connections understood nothing of what he was undergoing because of an inexorable disease. He was but forty-two years of age, and on the occasion of the memorial services of the bar one of his close associates said: -It can not but seem to all of us that many more years should have come and gone before the useful life and pleasant comradeship of Harlan Cleveland were brought to a close. But it is not for us to murmur or complain, though we can not understand. We can only transfer another familiar face and figure from our daily walks to the lengthening galleries of memories which enrich our lives. We can only chasten our souls anew to greater kindliness and unselfishness in thought and conduct by this fresh reminder that, whether we be young or old, strong or feeble, it is given to none of us to know the number of his days or the days of his friends and comrades. Harlan Cleveland's predominant quality was bigness. He was big in every sense. Perhaps he was not entitled to as much credit as some other men for an utter lack of littleness, because he was born so. But it was a credit to him, especially in the times he lived in, that he kept his inheritance unimpaired. And this quality was none the less useful, admirable and agreeable because it was not acquired. His activities at the bar and in social, business and political life sometimes subjected him, as they do every one of effective forcefulness, to what would have hurt or at least annoyed most men—misjudgment of motives, perverse criticism of conduct, non-appreciation or outright ingratitude, and the many shapes which spitefulness and envy can assume. Yet none of these seemed to reach him. They certainly never made him pause or swerve in the course of what he considered duty or right. I often thought he did not really comprehend them. Every man largely creates his own world out of his own nature, and these things were not of his world. Mistakes he doubtless made, as we all do, but he never did a mean or small thing in all his life. It was a corollary of his nature that he was not noted for alertness or dexterity. He was not resourceful in the small devices of craft and cunning. He made no pretenses. He did not know how to pose. He was always ready to stand or fall, in the open, on the merits of his cause. And he had that wholesome trait of the lawyer which, without depriving clients of the advantage of his personality, enables him to go through stubborn conflicts without personal acrimony. So Hailan Cleveland came to the final entry in his life's journal without a just claim against him from anybody for reparation or apology." Another voiced these thoughts : "That this rugged, unerring sense of honesty and fair play was the foundation of Mr. Cleveland's character and success and the controlling element in all that he did will be the universal testimony of those who knew him, whether they fought with him or against him in professional or political contest. Personally I knew him from the time of his arrival in Cincinnati. We were then associated as assistants in the United States attorney's office ; we have been 770 - CINCINNATI—THE QUEEN CITY personal, professional and political friends ever since, and for the past few years have been fellow members of the board of trustees of Kenyon College. In all these years and in all of our varying relations, in addition to the loveableness of the man, of which your committee has so feelingly and fittingly spoken, this fundamental honesty, this intuitive, inherent capacity to at once see the square side of a question, gave to his advice as friend, as counsellor or as fellow-trustee, a value inestimable. He was equally at home whether as adviser in a legal controversy, persuading to his view the hostile majority of a political committee, or arguing with a combined church and educational board. And above all he possessed in the highest degree an intense, vibrant love of living and of all that is best in life and nature which made his sympathies tender and his friendships lasting." The minutes placed upon the records of the bar close with the words : "He was a man of wide reading and great general information. He had the true quality of culture. He saw things truly and in their proper relation. Nothing that pertained to his fellowman was without interest to him. As a result, he entered into the aspirations of those Whose ideas and methods were at variance with his own with the true liberality of the man of broad and elevated mind. With all his interest in the law, in the church, in politics, he never allowed himself to get out of touch with the general current of the world's thought in the fields of letters and science. This, after all, was what most appealed to those that knew him well—the many-sided, even-tempered, whole-souled, lovable man. For, despite his maturity of mind, his learning, his austerity—if such it be called —of ideals, he remained to the end the best beloved of companions and the sincerest of friends. The spirit of youth was ever his, and the greater responsibilities of life and the development of his mental faculties never affected the great heart of the man. He loved life with all the ardor of a boy just entering upon glorious early manhood. None met him without feeling reinvigorated and encouraged ; none left him without the feeling that he had been bettered by the meeting. His life, all too brief, was a symbol of the possibilities of true and simple manhood ; his memory is a sacred possession that will ennoble all that cherish it." PH. MORTON. The caption of this article is a name known from coast to coast in connection with the outdoor advertising business. The head office is located at No. 75 St. Paul building in Cincinnati, but there are branch offices in Baltimore, Maryland, and San Francisco, California. This does not altogether cover the extent of Mr. Morton's activity, for his efforts have reached out along other lines and he is now president of the Cincinnati & Covington Bill Posting Company. He was born in this city on the 17th of May, 1867, was here reared and entered a sign painter's shop as an apprentice. Soon afterward he engaged in business on his own account in a small way but during the centennial exposition in this city, in 1888, he branched out, putting out bulletin boards. He gradually took in surrounding towns and at length included Cleveland in the field of his operations. Since that time he has further extended his efforts until now he CINCINNATI—THE QUEEN CITY - 773 controls most of the large sign boards in cities and along railroad lines all over the United States and Canada, having bought out or absorbed nearly every other concern of this kind in the country. Eventually he built a plant in Baltimore and inaugurated the business there as the P. & H. Morton Advertising Company, his brother, H. Morton, having charge of that plant. Subsequently his business was extended to take in the old John Chapman Bill Posting Company, with a plant in Cincinnati, and in 1906 he organized the Cincinnati Bill Posting Company. He has over one hundred and eighty men on the road, engaged in the work of erecting and painting. He owns every sign throughout the United States over which appears the name of Ph. Morton and has now standing enough signs to cover, if placed end to end, some three hundred miles. More than one hundred tons of steel are used each month in the erection of the great signs. Mr. Morton is sole owner of this immense business, which today extends from coast to coast, and has built it up entirely unaided. He has an immense printing and lithographing plant, where the millions of posters and display advertising are printed and lithographed. In addition to the main office in the St. Paul building the company has an office at Ninth and Walnut streets and a studio on Gilbert avenue. Mr. Morton has been engaged in this business for a quarter of a century and is the pioneer in this field here. Our subject is now president of the Cincinnati Ad Club for the year 1910-11 and belongs to the Walnut Hills Business Men's Club and many other local organizations. He is the mayor of Mount Airy, a Cincinnati suburb, and is much interested in matters pertaining to the public welfare. Whatever he undertakes he carries forward to successful completion, allowing neither obstacles nor difficulties to bar his path. As the years go on his business has increased in extent and importance, until no one in the entire country claims an equal share in the public patronage in this field of endeavor. The enterprise has been built up along the most systematic lines and well defined plans are carried to completion, resulting in winning for him the prominence and success that are now his. GEORGE J. ROST. From a subordinate position as an employe in a carriage manufacturing establishment George J. Rost has worked his way upward, step by step, to his present position of independence and security as president and treasurer of the Ahr & Rost Company. His mastery of every detail of the carriage-maker's trade combined with uncompromising diligence and worthy ambition are the factors responsible for his rise in the industrial world. He was born in Nuremberg, Bavaria, in 1863, and was educated in his native town. At the age of eighteen years he bade farewell to the scenes of his childhood days and crossed the Atlantic to the land which he dreamed held the promise of his future. On arriving in America he learned the trade of carriage making and, coming to Cincinnati, worked at his trade for Hiram W. Davis & Company. He remained in this employment for about eight years, when he secured a position with J. W. Marcy & Company, remaining with this firm until the business was dscontinued. He was next employed by E. W. Conant, with whom he remained a year and a half, Vol., IV-38 774 - CINCINNATI—THE QUEEN CITY when he was offered a responsible position with the Cincinnati Panel Company, being foreman of this plant for a number of years. With his vision ever bent on the ideals of the future all through the years of his service for others, he was on no occasion, however, remiss in performing the task in hand, proving his efficiency by his faithfulness as well as his knowledge of and skill in the trade at which he was working. When he at length recognized his opportunity for embarking in a commercial venture on his own account, he took the step with a stout heart and unwavering courage. That it was a wise move has been clearly demonstrated since the inception of the Ahr & Rost Company, which was incorporated in 1905. The products manufactured in this plant are the wood-working details in carriage making. In the beginning they employed about twenty-two hands but in accordance with their growing importance and rapidly increasing capacity within the past six years. have augmented this number to about one hundred and ten. They find markets for their manufactures in every section of the country, shipping north, south, east and west. They make a specialty of solid bent seats and hold the rights to the patent for the first machine used in Cincinnati for the purpose of bending the cone-shaped seat, the invention having been made in 1907. Among his business associates he is recognized as a man of extraordinary ability and is one of the progressive members of the Carriage Makers' Club. In 1899 Mr. Rost was united in marriage to Mary Elbrecht, a daughter of Henry Elbrecht, of Rising Sun, Indiana. Two children were born of this union: Harry F., foreman of the surrey department in his father's manufacturing plant; and Arthur H., foreman of the seat department. Fraternally Mr. Rost is very active, being an enthusiastic worker in Masonry. He is a member of Good Faith Lodge, No. 95, F. & A. M., of Erlanger, Kentucky, of which he is a past master; of Covington Chapter, No. 35, R. A. M. ; Kenton Council No. 13, R. &. S. M.; Covington Commandery No. 7, K. T. ; Indrea Consistory, S. P. R. S., of Covington and Kossair Temple, A. A. O. N. M. S. He also is connected with the Knights of Pythias, belonging to Lafayette Lodge No. 111, of which he is a past chancellor. He has been a representative to the Grand Lodge of Kentucky and is now serving as chairman of its committee on warrant and charters. With the characteristic energy of the sons of the fatherland who have contributed in a large measure to the upbuilding of the commercial and industrial institutions in our country, George J. Rost has given his best efforts to the work in which he was trained and in which he has reached such marked success. GEORGE B. JENNINGS. A well known citizen of Cincinnati, who has for many years been prominently connected with the local musical circles, of both an artistic and commercial nature, is George B. Jennings. He was born in Newport, Kentucky, in 1851, and there he was reared, being educated in the public schools. He was an unusually bright pupil, having passed into the high school at the age of eleven years. This course was never completed as he left in the midst of his second year, when twelve years of age. to make his CINCINNATI—THE QUEEN CITY - 775 own living. His first position was as a telegraph messenger boy. Soon, however, he entered the employment of John Shillito, with whom he remained until 1866. In the latter year he first became identified with the business in which he has met with such excellent success, by entering the service of A. C. Peters & Brother, music dealers, remaining there for thirteen years. In 1879 he severed his connection with this firm in order to take charge of the retail music department of the John Church Company of this city. He continued in this capacity until 1893 when with others he organized The George B. Jennings Music Company, of which he was president ; E. H. Pendelton, secretary ; and Alfred J. Smith, treasurer. They were wholesale and retail dealers in music and musical instruments, in connection with which they also operated a publishing plant, issuing books and sheet music. In 1910 the company closed out and Mr. Jennings again in 1912, resumed business under his own name. For his wife Mr. Jennings chose Miss Mattie Wright, a daughter of Joseph Wright of Cincinnati. They make their home in Fort Thomas, and are earnest and active members of the Methodist Episcopal church south of Newport. He is a trustee of the church, member of the official board, and leader of the choir, while Mrs. Jennings takes a helpful interest in the work of the various societies and organizations of the church. Mr. Jennings' fraternal relations are confined to his membership in the Masonic order, his local identification being with Walnut Hills Lodge, No. 483, F. & A. M. He has always been prominently identified with the various local musical societies of the Queen city, and was one of the original members of the old Harmonic Society, while for eighteen years he was affiliated with the Apollo Club, of which he was one of the officers, and he also belonged to the May Festival chorus. He has a wide acquaintance not only among local musicians but artists who have been appearing before Cincinnati audiences during the past thirty years, among whom he numbers many close friends. It has been his pleasure to note the progress and development of artistic taste and appreciation, both individually and collectively of the people of Cincinnati since he first engaged in the music business. During the past decade this development has been very marked ; musical appreciation having advanced so rapidly that the great artists appearing in the city, not once but several times during the season, are always greeted with crowded houses, the attention and acknowledgements of pleasure received from their auditors satisfying the most exacting of performers. MAX. J. MACK. The name of Mack has been prominent in insurance circles of Cincinnati for many years, dating from 1879, when Max J. Mack, an uncle of Millard W. and Ralph W. Mack was appointed general agent in this city for the Northwestern Mutual Life Insurance Company of Milwaukee, Wisconsin. He proved highly successful in the discharge of his responsibilities and for thirty years, until his death in 1909, was at the head of the agency, gaining a reputation as one of the most efficient insurance men in Cincinnati. He was born in Bavaria, Germany, in 1831, and came to Cincinnati in 1845. He became very prominent 776 - CINCINNATI—THE QUEEN CITY in Masonic circles, the thirty-third degree of the Scottish Rite being conferred upon him. He was a particularly lovable man, who left a wide circle of friends not only in this city but throughout the country. In 1866 he was united in marriage to Miss Jennie Fechheimer. Millard W. and Ralph W. Mack are sons of William J. and Rebecca (Tandler) Mack and are brothers of Judge Julian W. Mack, of the United States commerce court and a very prominent jurist. Their father was born in Bavaria, Germany, arriving in Cincinnati in his boyhood. He was engaged in mercantile business until 1888, when he became identified with the insurance business in the same office with which his sons are now connected. He died in 1894. He was prominently identified with the Masonic order, having advanced to the sixteenth degree, and also held membership in the Independent Order of Odd Fellows. MILLARD W. MACK. Millard W. Mack was born in Cincinnati, December 7, 1873. He possessed good advantages of education in the public schools and after leaving school entered mercantile business. At the age of nineteen he transferred his allegiance to the life insurance business as special agent under his uncle, so continuing until 1901, when he was made partner in the firm, a position he has ever since held. Mr. Mack takes a great interest in organizations for the promotion of efficiency in the calling to which he devoted his attention and has served most acceptably as president of the Cincinnati Life Underwriter's Association and is a member of the executive committee of the National Life Underwriters' Association. In 1895, at Cincinnati, he was married to Miss Lydia Fox and they have one son, William. Fraternally Mr. Mack is actively connected with the Masonic order and is a member of the blue lodge, chapter, Ohio consistory and Syrian Temple, A. A. 0. N. M. S. He is also a member of Rockdale Temple, the Phoenix Club and a liberal contributor to all charitable organizations. He was one of the twenty-four young men who in 1892 founded the Business Men's Club. A man of thorough business training, wide acquaintance and acknowledged ability, he has steadily advanced in his vocation and can apparently look forward to many years of increasing prosperity. RALPH W. MACK. Ralph W. Mack was born in Cincinnati on September 9, 1878. He received his education in the public schools of this city and from school he entered the life insurance business in the capacity of cashier, in his uncle's office, combining special agency work with his office duties. He later became associate general agent and upon the death of his uncle in 1909 he and his brother, under the firm name of M. W. & R. W. Mack, were appointed general agents of the Northwestern Mutual Life Insurance Company of Milwaukee, Wisconsin, for Hard- CINCINNATI—THE QUEEN CITY - 777 ton county, Ohio, and the counties of Kenton and Campbell, Kentucky. The office is one of the largest in the city and the Northwestern Mutual Life Insurance Company has over seventy millions of dollars of life insurance in force in the state of Ohio, of which the Cincinnati office produced its full share. Mr. Mack was married in 1902 to Miss Fannie Goldstein and to them have been born two children. He contributes liberally to charitable and philanthropic organizations, belongs to the Business Men's Club and is also a member of the board of governors of the Cincinnati Club and of the board of trustees of Congregation K. K. B. I. Broad and liberal in his views, Mr. Mack takes a keen interest in his native city and any movement that tends to make for the good of Cincinnati is sure to receive his hearty support. WILLIAM A. HOPPLE. For practically fifty years William A. Hopple has been actively identified with the commercial development of Cincinnati and as vice president and treasurer of the John Shillito Company, occupies a position of large responsibility. He has been connected with the company ever since his boyhood, contributing his share toward its growth and expansion. He was born in this city, July 22, 1845, a son of Jacob and Ann C. Hopple, the latter a descendent of the Tudors of England. Andrew Hopple, the grandfather of our subject on the paternal side, was born in Delft, Holland, in 1773, and after growing to maturity, he and his wife, who was also a native of Delft, and a descendant of Admiral Van Trump of the Dutch navy, emigrated to America, first locating at Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, from which city they came to Cincinnati in 1806, Mr. Hopple engaging in business as a chocolate manufacturer on the north side of Lower Market (now Pearl street), acquiring property between Main and Sycamore streets. He died in 1820, at the age of, forty-seven years, Jacob Hopple, the father of our subject, was born in Cincinnati,. in September, 1812, was a coppersmith and tinner by occupation, conducting business at the old stand of his father on Lower Market, from 1841 until 1853, when he became a member of the firm of Lape, Hopple and Fleming, copper, tin and sheet-iron workers, at No. 11 East Front street, retiring from business, prior to the Civil war. In 1829, at the age of seventeen, he joined the First Presbyterian church, under the pastorage of Dr. Wilson, and later became connected with Wesley Methodist Episcopal chapel, of which church he was one of the trustees, for a number of years. He died in 1893. His wife was a daughter of Thomas and Mary A. Tudor, and was born at Lexington, Kentucky. She was also a member of Wesley chapel and was a woman of many estimable traits of mind and character. Her death occurred in 1905. William A. Hopple attended the public schools and was a pupil of the First intermediate, on Baymiller opposite Gest street in 1860-61-62. In December, 1862, at the age of seventeen, he secured employment in the dry-goods store of John Shillito & Company, then located on the south side of Fourth street, between Vine and Race, becoming cashier in the spring of 1863, and general cashier from 1872 until 1881, when the company was incorporated. He served as its secretary from 1881 to 1899 and since June, 1899, has been its vice president and treasurer. 778 - CINCINNATI—THE QUEEN CITY In 1868, Mr. Hopple was married to Miss Virginia A. Rowland, a daughter of Richard and Ann Rowland, pioneer residents of Cincinnati. Seven children have been born to them, namely : Winifred M., who married Professor R. M. McKenzie, of Rahway, New Jersey ; Mary, who is the wife of John W. Mackelfresh, of Cincinnati ; William A., Jr., who married Sara Jewell Hall, daughter of Edward C. Hall ; Virginia ; Anna Young; Howard ; and Martha, the wife of Rusell Stearns Dwight, of Wyoming. Mr. Hopple has shown the interest of a public-spirited and patriotic citizen in all matters pertaining to the permanent welfare of his native city. He has never taken an active part in politics, but rendered valuable service for several years, as a member of the council of Clifton, when that suburb was a village. He is a member of the Chamber of Commerce, the Business Men's Club, and is one of the well known men in Cincinnati. He and Mrs. Hopple have been members of the Clifton Presbyterian church, from its organization, having been residents of Clifton since 1877. During the long years of his citizenship in Cincinnati lie has gained a wide acquaintance not only throughout the city and its immediate region but in many states, and the universal esteem in which he is held is a tribute of his personal worth. HUBERT S. MARSHALL. Hubert S. Marshall, secretary and treasurer of the International Union of Journeymen Horse Shoers and also editor of the Horseshoers Journal, is one of the well known and highly esteemed union men of Cincinnati. He is a native of England, his birth having there occurred on the 21st of July, 1864. In his early • boyhood he was brought to Hamilton, Ontario, in whose public schools he obtained his education, his student days being terminated at the age of fourteen years. His first position was that of messenger boy for the B. Greening Wire Mill at Hamilton, the duties of which he discharged for three years. At the expiration of that time he went to Buffalo, New York, there working for the Standard Iron Works for a year. His next removal was to Cincinnati where he became associated with a brother who was engaged in the horse-shoeing business on Freeman avenue near Barr. He subsequently removed to Chicago, and there he had employment for two years and seven months, returning to this city at the end of that time. He was always a most loyal and enthusiastic union man, championing every movement that he felt was likely to prove beneficial to the laboring element or would in any way advance their interests. Well designed to be a leader, he was popular among the members of the Journeymen Horse Shoers Union No. 12, and during that time served seven terms as president of the Central Labor Council of Cincinnati which is the parent body of all labor organizations in the city of Cincinnati. He proved to be a most capable official and has ever since been an executive of the order, having climbed up gradually until at the meeting of the International Union at Omaha in July, 1904, he was elected president of this body, which includes all of the unions in both this country and Canada. That he was an efficient executive is proven by the period of his term CINCINNATI—THE QUEEN CITY - 781 of six years, at the end of which time he was made secretary and treasurer, entering upon the duties of these offices on January 23, 191o. His headquarters are in Cincinnati, and here he has also caused to be transferred the Horseshoers' Journal, which was formerly located in Denver, Colorado. Mr. Marshall is not a radical in any sense of the word, being a man of too much intelligence to ever encourage following extreme measures. He makes a careful study of any situation, considers what is for the best interests of the majority and acts accordingly. His great value to the organization lies in the fact that he is never impulsive, but so marshals all of his forces, that with his perfect understanding of the underlying conditions, when he is ready to act, he attains the purpose for which he is striving by intelligently directing his efforts to one definite purpose. Liberal and broad-minded, he possesses all of the qualities most needed by a man who directs the affairs of such an organization as the Horse Shoers Union. His powers of organization, executive ability, excellent memory and quick reasoning powers have all been powerful factors in promoting his progress. He possesses the many fine substantial qualities that invariably win and retain for him the friendship of nearly all he comes in contact with, and he has many ardent admirers not only in his organization but among the trades unions generally. Mr. Marshall married Miss Mary B. Reynolds, a daughter of John Reynolds of Greenup, Kentucky, and to them have been born three children : Mary B., Thelma R. and Willard D. Mr. Marshall belongs to Texas Lodge, No. 34, K. P., and Mars Court, No. 151, of the Tribe of Ben Hur. In politics he is independent, casting his ballot in support of the men and measures he deems most likely to subserve the interests of the unions and the working people generally. His life and energies are entirely devoted to promoting the development of organized labor, as he feels that this is the only way to protect the rights of the great majority who are following the trades. JOHN BYERS WILSON, M. D. Dr. John Byers Wilson was born of Scotch-Irish parentage, in West Union, Adams county, Ohio, on the 6th of January, 1857. His father, David Finley Wilson, was a man of limited education, but was well informed, possessed a remarkable memory and some poetical talent. His mother, Evelyn Campbell, was a direct descendant of the famous clan Campbell, her great-grandfather, Mathew Campbell, being the fifth son of the second duke of Argyle. Becoming a dissenter, he was alienated from his family, and came to America, first settling in Virginia, and later removing to Lewiston, now Maysville, Kentucky, the farthest settlement west at that time on the Ohio river. Here he married a member of the Shelby family of Kentucky and soon after built a large stone house on the opposite bank. which served as both fortress and inn. The village which sprang up around him was named Aberdeen, after the city of the same name in Scotland. Some years later, in company with a number of settlers, he descended the Ohio on a raft, and landing at a point opposite the Licking, erected the first house built on the present site of Cincinnati. 782 - CINCINNATI—THE QUEEN CITY Dr. Wilson's youth was that of the ordinary village lad. He attended the village school, and labored on the farm until his sixteenth year, when he started out for himself as teacher of a country school. With the exception of one year, spent at the National Normal University at Lebanon, Ohio, he pursued this occupation for the next eight years, teaching in Adams, Brown, and Ross counties. For the next three years he was employed as salesman and collector for a leading publishing house, at the end of which time he settled in Cincinnati, and began the study of medicine, graduating in 1889. During his vacations he gained further experience as a hotel clerk, and newspaper reporter and writer. Soon after his graduation, he received the appointment of assistant health officer, or ward physician to the worthy poor and immediately located in Cincinnati. Here for the next three years, he labored zealously at his profession, fighting disease in its worst forms, and under the most unfavorable hygienic circumstances. Here, too, through a financial crisis, he came to know the virtues and vices, the patience and complainings, the wants and woes, the humanities and inhumanities, the sorrows and afflictions of the destitute poor, and all the disease and degeneration bred from the evils of poverty. These observations led him to the study of the social and economic conditions affecting society, upon which subjects he occasionly lectures, and frequently contributes vigorous articles for the press. All these varied avocations and experiences, of country, village and city life, of farm and school and travel ; of educational, professional and literary pursuits have tended to make him a man of broad and liberal ideas and strong convictions. Fearlessly he attacks all forms of society which to him appears to perpetuate ignorance, superstition, and social injustice and wrong. He believes that it is to the interests of, and the duty of government to see to it, that every child shall have the right to be born right, and that unhampered by superstition or other prejudicial influence, it shall be left free to develop, intelligently, the natural functions of both body and brain. Dr. Wilson early became a convert to the teachings of Paine and Ingersoll. and later became an ardent disciple of Darwin, Spencer, and Haeckel. As an advocate of the scientific and sociological principles taught by these and other reformers, Dr. Wilson has been a leading spirit in this country, and among that vast and ever growing class, calling themselves liberals, or freethinkers, he has won a national reputation. In 1899, at its congress in Cincinnati, he was elected president of "The American Secular Union" resigning the following year, he organized "The American Freethought Association," of which he is now president, and which further honored him by making him its unanimous choice as American delegate to the great international free thought congress held in Rome. Italy, September, 1904. As this congress was the first of its kind ever held in Rome. it marked an epoch in the history of the world's progress, not second to that of the reformation. Here, more than five thousand delegates, from all parts of the world, assembled in the "College of Rome," the greatest temple of learning in Italy, once a Jesuit college, but now controlled by the government, the congress was welcomed by a leading representative of the Italian government, and other unusual courtesies shown it. Dr. Wilson looks upon it as one of the greatest honors that could come to him. to have been American delegate to this congress, which was first openly to de- CINCINNATI—THE QUEEN CITY - 783 clare free thought, free speech, free press, and complete separation of the church and state, in the midst of an opposition which for thousands of years has been most active and influential in opposing these civilizing principles. Dr. Wilson was placed on one of the most important committees, and here became associated with many of the leading sociologists and scientific minds of the world, among them Professor Ernst Haeckel, of Germany ; Professor Berthelot, of France ; Professor Mandsley, of England; Professor Hector Denis, of Belgium ; Professor Salmeron, of Spain ; Professors Sergi, Chisleri and Lombroso, of Italy ; Bjornstjerne Bjornson, of Norway ; and others whose fame is as wide as civilization. Dr. Wilson has just published a book giving full details of this congress, and a history of the rise and progress of freethought. Besides his interest in this direction and the active duties of his profession, Dr. Wilson has found time to court the muse. He has collected his poems into a volume, which is now in the hands of the publisher. His verse is chiefly descriptive of nature and farm life, and competent critics rank him high among authors who have written along these lines. PHILIP ZENNER, M. D. Dr. Philip Zenner, whose attention is devoted to the onerous duties that constitute the lot of a successful physician, is a graduate of the Miami Medical College and now has his office at No. 19 Glenn building. He completed his college course in 1875, being at that time a young man of about twenty-three years. He is one of Cincinnati's native sons, having been born here in 1852, his father being David Zenner, a merchant, now deceased. Dr. Zenner attended the common schools of Cincinnati and of Athens, Ohio, the family removing to the latter city when he was a lad of eight years. He was graduated at length from the Ohio University of Athens in 1870 and later returned to Cincinnati to enter the Miami Medical College, completing his course in that institution in 1875. During the last two years of that period he was interne at the Cincinnati Hospital. Following his graduation he entered upon the private practice of Medicine with office at what was then No. 505 West Eighth street. In 1879 Dr. Zenner went to Europe and for two years studied in Berlin, Vienna, Leipsic, Paris and London, returning to Cincinnati, where he has since practiced. He came in touch with the methods of some of the most eminent physicians and surgeons of the old world and his sound judgment enables him to readily adopt all that is best in the methods of modern practice. Since 1894 he has had his office in the Glenn building and to him is accorded a liberal patronage. He is now professor of neurology at the Medical College of Ohio. the medical department of the University of Cincinnati. He is also neurologist at the Jewish Hospital, consulting neurologist at the Cincinnati Hospital and also consulting physician at the Home of the Incurables. He makes a specialty of neurology and in this particular branch of the profession has attained more than local renown. He belongs to the Academy of Medicine, the Ohio State Medical Society, the American Medical Association and the American Neurological As- 784 - CINCINNATI—THE QUEEN CITY sociation and other societies. Free from ostentation and display, yet without the least shadow of mock modesty, his high position is the public recognition of comprehensive understanding of scientific principles and superior skill in their adaptation to specific needs. Dr. Zenner is the author of a well known work entitled Education in Sexual Physiology and Hygiene, of which the Boston Evening Transcript says : "The author has endeavored to impart all necessary knowledge in such a way as to create a pure mind. That he has succeeded is not only clear from a reading of these chapters, but from the fact that these talks were printed by the board of education of Cincinnati, and distributed among the principals and teachers. One can not read these talks without realizing that the man giving them, understands the difficulties under which he must labor, and that he is doing this work as a labor of love. His methods may be learned from the talks to the school children and the college boys, and also from the special talks to teachers and parents, explaining the best method of discussing this difficult subject. The book will be a great help to many a sincere parent who knows he should do something for his children in this matter, but fears to begin, lest he should do more harm than good." BENJAMIN F. DULWEBER. Benjamin F. Dulweber, head of The John Dulweber Company, one of the largest exclusive hardwood lumber concerns in the city, was born in Covington, Kentucky, on the 25th of July, 1878, and is a son of John and Anna (Lindeman) Dulweber. The paternal grandfather, Theodore Dulweber, left his home in northern Ohio in his early manhood and came to Cincinnati, locating here during the forepart of the nineteenth century. He was a man of unusual capabilities and became numbered among the successful and substantial citizens. Here his family were born and reared, the birth of his son John occurring in 1855. Upon attaining his maturity the latter became connected with the lumber interests, continuing to be identified with this business until his death in 1897. He early became associated with Bernard Bungener and they engaged in the lumber business under the firm name of Bungener & Company. They continued operations under this name until 1886, when it became changed to John Dulweber & Company, being incorporated on the 1st of January, 1911, under the name of The John Dulweber Company. Having limited capital they began in a small way so capably managing their affairs that they were later able to branch out and now they are not only one of the oldest but one of the largest lumber firms of the city. Their annual shipments average twenty-four million feet, all hardwood, their consignments being made to northern and eastern points, and they also make large shipments to Canada. They carry a very large stock and maintain two yards, thus greatly facilitating shipments, their main office being located at McLean and Findley streets. Of the marriage of Mr. and Mrs. John Dulweber there were born four children : Benjamin F., our subject; J. Edward ; John ; and Alfred. The mother was a daughter of Frank Lindeman CINCINNATI—THE QUEEN CITY - 787 of Van Wert county, this state. The death of John Dulweber, the father of our subject occurred December 12, 1897. The boyhood and early youth of Benjamin F. Dulweber were spent in his native city, whose public schools he attended in the acquirement of an education. Although he was only nineteen years of age upon the death of his father, being the eldest son of the family he was compelled to assume the responsibilities of manhood and enter the business world. He immediately became identified with the business founded by his father and has ever since given his undivided attention to promoting its development. Had he not possessed more than the average amount of business sagacity, as well as initiative and executive ability, he would not have been able to have so intelligently and capably directed their interests. Realizing the great responsibility that lay upon him he applied himself assiduously to thoroughly mastering every detail of the various departments, extending their activities as he was able, until the business attained its present magnitude. Although he is little more than thirty now, Mr. Dulweber is recognized as one of the best posted and most thoroughly informed men in his line in the city, his undivided attention having been concentrated upon his business to practically the exclusion of everything else. Mr. Dulweber is married and has one son, Donald. His wife was Miss Nancy Noble, a. daughter of Frank Noble, of Mount Healthy, Ohio. Fraternally he is identified with the Masonic order, being a member of Avon Lodge, No. 542, F. & A. M., and he also belongs to the Lumbermen's and Business Men's Clubs, while his connection with organizations of a more purely social nature is confined to his affiliation with the Automobile and Hamilton County Golf Clubs. Mr. Dulweber possesses the qualities that enable him to win and retain the friendship of those with whom he comes in contact and he is held in high esteem by both his business and club confreres. SAMUEL WALTER BELL. Although one of the more recent additions to the legal fraternity in Cincinnati, Samuel Walter Bell has already established himself as a successful practitioner and his native ability and laudable ambition have combined in laying the foundation for still larger success in the future. One of the native sons of this city, he was born June 25, 1870, on Seventh street, between Carr and Freeman avenues, his parents being Samuel Walter and Mary Alice (Logan) Bell. His education was acquired in the Hartwell and Carthage public schools, after which he received a Boxwell certificate in the McDonald Night Law School. He won his degree of Bachelor of Law June 8, 1899, and since then has been an active representative of the bar. In the meantime he had had considerable experience in the field of business, having entered upon an apprenticeship to the machinist's trade with the Blymeyer Manufacturing Company in June, 1885. He remained with that company until June, 1891, and in September of the same year entered the book and stationery business. In this he continued for about eight years, or until June, 1899, when, having qualified for the practice of law, he entered upon 788 - CINCINNATI—THE QUEEN CITY the active work of the profession, in which he is now well established as an able, industrious and successful lawyer, never neglecting to give thorough preparation and never seeking to lead the court astray in matters of law or fact. He is devoted to the interests of his clients, yet never forgets that he owes a still higher allegiance to the majesty of the law, and in his practice adheres closely to a high standard of professional ethics. The public offices he has held have been in the strict path of his profession. He has served as solicitor of the village of Carthage since the 16th of April, 1900. He was also justice of the peace of Mill Creek township from July 5, 1905, until the 29th of November of that year and was again chosen to the office on the 1st of February, 1909, serving continuously to the present writing. On the 15th of October, 1903, in the Carthage Methodist Episcopal church, was celebrated the marriage of Mr. Bell and Miss Matilda S. Custer, a daughter of George Custer, who was one of the California argonauts that started westward in search of the golden fleece in 1849. Mr. and Mrs. Bell have a daughter, Ida Mae, now six years of age. They hold membership in the Carthage Methodist Episcopal church and the Epworth League and take an active and helpful interest in various lines of church work. Mr. Bell's attitude is always that of progress and improvement and he combines the intensely practical with high ideals. His cooperation has been given to many movements for the general good along political and other lines. His study of the problems of government has led him to give his support to the republican party and he is a member of the Young Men's Blaine Club of Cincinnati and also of the Civic League of Carthage. Widely and favorably known in fraternal circles, he belongs to Iolanthe Lodge, No. 385, K. P., of which he is a past chancellor commander ; to the Uniform Rank, K. P., of which he is commissary sergeant; and to Amrita Temple, D. O. K. K. He is likewise a past councilor of U. S. Council, No. 213, J. O. U. A. M.; and was representative to the state council from 1898 until 1911 inclusive, representing Guiding Star Council of St. Bernard, Ohio. He is a past chief ranger of Mill Creek Valley Court, I. O. F.; past orator of Carel Council, No. 1473, of the Royal Arcanum ; and scribe of Naomi Court, No. 133, of the Tribe of Ben Hur. His selection for office in all these different organizations is an indication not principles fidelity to their principles and his capability but also of the warm regard entertained for him by the brethren of these fraternities. His personal qualities render him popular and wherever best known he is most highly esteemed. THERM L. LOOSE. Therom L. Loose has been manager of the Bullock Electric Company of Cincinnati since October 14, 1908, an industry now allied with the Allis-Chalmers Company. He was born in Monroe, Michigan, November 1, 1875, and attended the public and high schools of Hennepin, Illinois, from which he was graduated in 1891. He then went to Kewanee, Illinois, where he served an apprenticeship in the National Tube Works, receiving sixty-five cents per day CINCINNATI—THE QUEEN CITY - 789 for his services. He remained with that establishment until 1895 and was serving as a journeyman machinist when he left there. He next went to Chicago and was employed in various establishments as a machinist for two years. At the end of that time he became connected with the Deering Harvester Company as a machinist and afterward was given charge of one of its departments, which he managed until 1901. In that year he came to Cincinnati and engaged with the Bullock Electric Company, having charge of one of the machinery departments for two years. He next went to Indianapolis, Indiana, where he was superintendent of the factory for The Jenny Electric Company until 1904. In that year he once more came to Cincinnati and again entered into active business relations with the Bullock Electric Company, having charge of one of the machine departments for a year. He afterward became general foreman of the same department and so continued until the Bullock Electric Company was consolidated with the Allis-Chalmers Company of Milwaukee, Wisconsin. Mr. Loose was then appointed manager of their Cincinnati plant, which is still conducted under the old name. Here is manufactured a general line of medium electrical machinery. Their plant is a most extensive one, covering a number of acres, and two thousand men are employed on an average throughout the year. The business is therefore one of the largest industrial undertakings of the city and as its manager Mr. Loose occupies a prominent position in industrial circles. He is also a director of the Allis-Chalmers Company. On the 25th of October, 1899, 'Mr. Loose was united in marriage, in Chicago, to Miss Maranville and unto them has been born a son, Therom, Jr., now four years of age. In 19o9 Mr. Loose was president of the Norwood Business Men's Club, in which he still holds membership. He is a Mason, belonging to Norwood Lodge, F. & A. M., and Kilwinning Chapter, R. A. M. He also holds membership with the Independent Order of Odd Fellows and his religious faith is indicated in his connection with the Episcopal church. He votes with the republican party but has neither time nor inclinaton for pubic office, owing to the responsibilities which devolve upon him in his present important business relation. Wise use of time, talents and opportunities has brought him to this position and made him one of the best known representatives of industrial activity in Cincinnati. HARRY C. WOOD. Harry C. Wood, president and founder of the H. C. Wood Company, which engages in the manufacture of ice in Madisonville, Hyde Park and Norwood, Ohio, is one of the very capable and highly successful business men of these cities. He is a native of Madisonville, his birth having there occurred on the 26th of August, 1877, and is a son of the late Charles S. and Etta (Crawford) Wood, the mother a daughter of Ross Crawford, of Marietta, Ohio. The father was for thirty-five years an employe of the Baltimore & Ohio Railroad Company, being at the time of his death the oldest passenger conductor in point of service on that line. 790 - CINCINNATI—THE QUEEN CITY The youthful years of Harry C. Wood were not particularly different from those of other lads of his circumstances. He attended the public and high schools of his native town in the acquirement of an education, supplementing the course therein pursued by taking some work of a more practical nature in Bartlett's Commercial College of this city. After completing his business course he was employed for a year in the auditor's office of the Baltimore & Ohio Railroad, and then entered the employ of Swift & Company, of Chicago. He served the latter company in the capacity of salesman for a year, at the expiration of which time he decided to engage in business for himself. As he was well known in Madisonville he decided on this place as a good location for his activities and engaged in the ice business there for four years. In 1902 he erected the plant he is now operating there, meeting with such success in his efforts that in 19o8 he extended the scope of his activities by the erection of a plant at Hyde Park. The second enterprise proved to be fully as lucrative as the Madisonville industry, which decided him to erect a third plant at Norwood, beginning its operation in 1911. The latter is exceptionally up to date in every. way, being fully equipped with all of the most recent models in machinery that are needed in the manufacture of ice. Mr. Wood retails his own product and has met with the most gratifying success from the very first and, his business having developed steadily and continually ever since he began, he is now numbered among the substantial business firms of the three cities in which he operates. Mr. Wood married Miss Elizabeth Rolson, a daughter of George W. Rolson, Jr., of Newport, Kentucky. Fraternally he is affiliated with the Knights of Pythias and the Independent Order of Odd Fellows. He is also a member of the Hyde Park Business Men's Club, and the Hyde Park Country Club, while his political support is given to the republican party. He has always been fond of all forms of athletics, particularly outdoor sports, and belongs to the Madisonville Tennis Club. Excellent success has attended the efforts of Mr. Wood, whose future gives every assurance of continued prosperity, as his business is being conducted along lines of solidarity and progress. ROBERT A. BETZ. Cincinnati can claim many able business men who have practically demonstrated their talents by years of efficient service in the development of the commercial interests of the city. In this number is Robert A. Betz, a florist of national reputation, who has given his attention for more than forty years to an art for which he was especially adapted by inclination and training. He was born in Cincinnati in 1855, a son of T. B. Betz, who was for a number of years connected with the shoe business. After receiving his early education in the public schools Mr. Betz of this review secured employment with the firm of Thomas Knott & Son, florists, and has been closely connected with the business ever since 1867. He gained such a wide reputation that he was invited to Washington, D. C., and during the Hayes and Garfield administrations filled the position of chief decorator for the United States government. He had charge of all of the White House decorations dur- CINCINNATI—THE QUEEN CITY - 791 ing the two administrations named and performed his work in a way that met the hearty approval of the officers at Washington. A short time after the death of President Garfield Mr. Betz returned to Cincinnati and became general manager of the Cincinnati Floral Company. He con1900ed in this position until 19oo, when he entered business on his own account at No. 131 East Third street and continued there for ten years. Since 1910 he has been in business for himself at No. 923 Vine street. He has made a specialty of fancy designing and his work has been very extensively called for throughout the city and surrounding territory. The artistic side of the business has been his choice and there are few men in the country who can claim a more intimate acquaintance with this beautiful art than Mr. Betz. In 1896, in this city, he was married to Miss Jane Robinson, whose father built and owned the first foundry in Cincinnati for the manufacture of bells. Fraternally Mr. Betz is identified with Aerie No. 142, of the Eagles. Religiously he is not identified with any organization but he and his family are attendants of the Second Presbyterian church. He can claim many friends among citizens generally because of his marked business talents, his acknowledged integrity of character and his readiness at all times to assist to the extent of his ability in making Cincinnati the most attractive place of residence for the best class of people. He is a man of good address, wide reading and observation and one who has ever attempted to perform his duty as a patriotic and liberty-loving citizen. Although favored with only a fair common-school education, he deservedly succeeded by strict application and through his talents in the line of designing and intuitive taste. The family residence is at No. 839 West Ninth avenue. EDWARD BARDEN JOHNSON. In the fifty-two years of his connection with financial interests in Cincinnati Edward Barden Johnson became a prominent figure in banking circles and when he passed away at the venerable age of eighty-three years he was affectionately known to the financial world as "Daddy Johnson," a name expressive of high regard and a warmth of feeling that often transcends friendship. For more than six decades he had resided here, arriving when a young man of twenty-one. His birth occurred at Thomas River, New Jersey, February 16, 1828, and after the usual educational experiences that qualified him for life's practical duties he made his way westward as soon as he had attained his majority, arriving in Cincinnati in 1841. Later he became messenger in the old LaFayette Bank and in the fifty-two years of his connection with banking interests not only rose to a leading position in financial circles but also won a comfortable fortune as the result of his close application and his business ability. He held every position of importance in the bank, being promoted from one position to another as his experience and developing powers fitted him to cope with the duties that would devolve upon him as a consequence of the promotion. At the time of the consolidation of the LaFayette with the First National Bank he retired from business, devoting the remainder of his life to charitable work in which he took deep interest. In early days he was employed by the old LaFayette Bank to carry 792 - CINCINNATI—THE QUEEN CITY gold to Dayton and would have to sleep on the sack of money in order to protect it. He witnessed not only the growth but also the development that occurred in the processes of banking, making the leading banks through their loan and realty departments partners in so many of the business enterprises of this city. Mr. Johnson was united in marriage to Miss Kelly, a daughter of Thomas Overton and Nancy (Allington) Kelly, the latter a descendant of one of the signers of the Declaration of Independence. Mr. and Mrs. Kelly removed from Wellsboro, Pennsylvania, to Ohio, making the journey at an early day by wagon. They were four weeks upon the way and found an embryo city. Here he engaged in the shoe business in which he continued for a number of years, and he and another man were owners of a boat in which they used to go up and down the river selling shoes. Mr. Kelly died in 185o and his wife survived until 1883. They were the parents of three children, of whom two are living, Mrs. Johnson and Mrs. John Gaff, of New York city. One son, Horace E. Kelly, who was an officer of the Civil war—a member of the Guthrie Greys—died in California. Mrs. Johnson was born in Cincinnati about seventy-three years ago. She was always closely associated with her husband in charitable work and it is said that she "is identified with every charitable organization on both sides of the river." Unto Mr. and Mrs. Johnson were born two sons : Mell N. Johnson, a prominent shoe dealer of Urbana, Ohio ; and Horace Johnson, who was cashier of the LaFayette Bank and died, leaving a wife and two children. Mrs. Johnson is also a valued member of the Cincinnati Chapter of the Daughters of the American Revolution. She occupies the old family home at No. 274 Eighth street and is one of the most highly esteemed ladies of Cincinnati. Her charitable work is never done merely from a sense of duty but because of a deep and abiding interest in her fellowmen and an impelling desire to aid wherever she can render assistance. The death of Mr. Johnson occurred in 1911 when he was about eighty-three years of age. Of a good many men when they die about all that is said of them is that they left so many millions of dollars and that their possessions were thus and so. How much better it is to have it said of one who has departed that he was a good man and that he left a host of friends who loved him and who mourned his loss! Money is not to be despised but its accumulation is not the highest ambition nor does the amount of it properly measure character. There is no better legacy that a man can leave his children or the world than the memory of good deeds done, of kindliness, of charity, of broad good-fellowship. Such was the record left behind by Edward Barden Johnson. EDWARD ALLEN CONKLING. Cincinnati had scarcely emerged from villagehood when Edward Allen Conkling entered upon the scene of earthly activity here and in the years which passed to the time of his death, he was closely associated with events which constitute features in the history of the city. He was born on Pioneer street, April 18, 1844. His father, Joseph Lindlay Conkling, was a native of Mor- CINCINNATI—THE QUEEN CITY - 795 ristown, New Jersey, and for many years was a manufacturer of lard oil in Cincinnati. He made his home in Terrace Park, occupying the handsome residence that is now being used as a fresh air and outing home for the poor of the city. He was a descendant of a very distinguished New Jersey family and in his life exemplified many of the sterling traits of an honored ancestry. He died at his home in Terrace Park about 1872 when sixty-five years of age. His wife, who bore the maiden name of Margaret Allen, was a native of Ohio although the Allen family also came from New Jersey and was a notable one of Morristown, that state. Her death occurred at Terrace Park in 1856. Edward Allen Conkling supplemented his public-school education, acquired in Cincinnati, by a commercial course in the school conducted by Professor McGee on Fourth street. He then entered the employ of his father in the lard oil business, where he remained, however, for only a short time, for the Civil war was inaugurated and at the age of seventeen years he enlisted for service in the Forty-eighth Ohio Volunteer Infantry as a private. He remained with his command for two years, attaining the rank of sergeant major. At the close of hostilities he joined his colonel and another officer of the regiment, in the conduct of a wholesale merchandising business at Natchez, Mississippi, where he lived for about three ears. He then disposed of his interests there and in 1870 returned to Cincinnati, where he established a lumber business and also began the manufacture of wooden packing boxes. In 1903 he erected a new and far more spacious plant at Dorchester avenue and Reading road which is now operated by his son, but the old firm name of The E. A. Conkling Box Company is still retained. The business grew apace under the capable management of its founder who confined his time and attention entirely to the business and became one of the foremost representatives of that line in the Ohio valley. Method and system were manifest throughout his establishment and he was a careful buyer who studied the market and was thus able to make judicious purchases and profitable sales. In his vocabulary there was no such word as fail, for he recognized that energy, determination and resourcefulness will conquer every obstacle. On the 4th of October, 1865, at Madisonville, Ohio, now a part of Cincinnati, Mr. Conkling was united in marriage to Miss Cornelia Whetsel, a daughter of Henry B. and Sarah (Spellman) Whetsel, of Cincinnati. Her father was for many years a prominent grocer of this city and resided here until his death, which occurred when he had reached the age of eighty-two years. At the beginning of the Civil war he enlisted in the Union army and was with Sherman on his march to the sea. He was a personal friend of both Generals Grant and Sherman and at the time of his enlistment the former commissioned him quartermaster. At the time of his discharge he was awarded the rank of major. Louis Whetsel, an uncle of Henry Whetsel, was captured by the Indians when an infant and remained with them until he reached the age of eighteen years. He then entered the service of the government as an Indian scout and at one time in recognition of services rendered, the government granted him the entire tract of land whereon the city of Memphis, Tennessee, is built. Henry Whetsel was a thirty-second degree Mason and established many lodges in the suburbs and vicinity of Cincinnati. He was also an Odd Fellow of high rank and held many offices in that organization. He was deeply interested in matters of public Vol. IV-39 796 - CINCINNATI—THE QUEEN CITY moment and kept thoroughly informed concerning the vital and significant questions of the day. He was one of the few men who, before the war, protected the run-away slaves and assisted in their conveyance to a point across the line of safety, sheltering many of them at his farm which was on the course of their journey. He became the organizer of the Madisonville Building & Loan Association which was one of the first in the state and is still in operation, being at the present time one of the successful companies of this character operating in Cincinnati. Henry Whetsel was united in marriage to Miss Sarah Spellman, a daughter of Henry Spellman, of Maryland, who was a close relative of Sir Henry Spellman, a man of much note. The mother of Mrs. Whetsel belonged to the famous Brandenburg family of Berlin, Germany, in whose honor the Brandenburg gates were named. Mrs. Whetsel, who is now ninety-two years of age, retains all of her faculties in a remarkable degree and is enjoying excellent health. She resides at Madisonville and from the fact that Mr. Whetsel was always a most active man in politics, although he would never accept office, she takes a keen interest in politics from the position of an observer and is thoroughly posted on the leading questions of the day. Moreover she is a charming conversationalist and delightful entertainer and her memory is stored with many interesting incidents and reminiscences of a long life. Her daughter became the wife of E. A. Conkling and unto them were born four children: Florence E., now the wife of Benjamin M. Smith, of Avondale ; Blanche C., who is the wife of H. M. Lane, also of Avondale; Nellie C., the wife of Frank E, French, of Madisonville ; and Edward Allen, who is now president of The E. A. Conkling Box Company and also resides in Avondale. Edward A. Conkling, whose name stands at the head of this sketch, was a man whose home and family were always first in his thoughts and he always preferred to spend his leisure hours at his own fireside to any other form of pleasure. He was fond of travel and books. He traveled extensively over this continent, visiting nearly every state in the Union, and in 1903 he went abroad, his wife accompanying him as she did in all of his travels. They visited all of the principal cities and countries of the old world, and saw the art treasures and places of historic and modern interest. They spent fifteen winters in the south, passing the greater part of that time at Palm Beach or at St. Augustine, Florida. In his political views Mr. Conkling was for many years a republican and at one time served as a director of the Lincoln Club. He was a cousin of the Hon. Roscoe Conkling, senator from New York. In addition to the Lincoln Club he was long a valued member of The Round Table and was interested in all that pertained to the welfare and progress of the city in the various phases of its life. He did not place his membership in any church but was a firm believer in the Christian religion and for many years was a regular attendant at church services. He was intensely interested in archeology and with Professor Putnam, curator of the Peabody Museum of Boston, and a number of Cincinnatians, who were also interested in the work, made many investigations and discoveries at the old Indian burying ground near Madisonville. His home contains many interesting and remarkable relics gained from those researches. The interests and activities of his life were of a broad and comprehensive character. His death occurred September 4, 19o5. It has been urged that America CINCINNATI—THE QUEEN CITY - 797 is given over to the spirit of commercialism and yet the life record of Edward A. Conkling stands in proof to the contrary for while he won merited prosperity in business, he looked at life from a broad standpoint and became associated with many projects and activities for the intellectual, artistic, social and moral development of the city. CARLISLE MURDOCH. Carlisle Murdoch, of C. Murdoch & Company, coal and iron brokers, of Cincinnati, is a native of this city and although a young man has made such excellent use of opportunities that he is now well established in business. He was born in 1885 a son of James R. and Florence (Carlisle) Murdoch. The father was a native of Springfield, Ohio, and was reared and educated at Urbana, that state. He came to Cincinnati in his young manhood and engaged in the banking business, gaining recognition as one of the leading bankers of the city. He was vice president of the Equitable Bank and president of the old Miami Valley Insurance Company, also being one of the leading factors in the National Fire Alarm Company of Cincinnati. He died in 1892, at the age of fifty-two years. The mother of our subject is the youngest daughter of George Carlisle and she is still living in this city. George Carlisle was for many years one of the most prominent citizens of Cincinnati. He was born at Walpole, New Hampshire, October 27, 1797. After completing his preliminary education he entered the employ of Stone & Bellows of Walpole and in 1817 was sent west as representative of his firm in Cincinnati. The following year he went to St. Louis, Missouri, to buy buffalo robes for the firm and upon returning to Cincinnati became connected with D. Brooks & Company, a firm in which Stone & Bellows were also interested. Mr. Carlisle became a member of the parent organization whose name was changed to Stone, Bellows & Company. This was an important dry-goods house and its title was subsequently changed to Carlisle & Shaw and still later to Steadman, Carlisle & Shaw. In 1820 Mr. Carlisle made a trip on horseback from Cincinnati to his old home at Walpole and returned in a Yankee wagon which was given him by his father, making about forty miles a day on the return trip. Owing to his extensive business dealings it was necessary for him to travel a great deal and he encountered many hardships and dangers incident to life in a new country. He was one of the organizers and president of the Lafayette Bank and was also active in the organization of the Cincinnati, Hamilton & Dayton Railway Company, of which he was a director and vice president. One of the stations on this road was named Carlisle in his honor. It was through his influence that the Atlantic & Great Western Railway, now the Erie road, entered Cincinnati over the tracks of the Cincinnati, Hamilton & Dayton Railway. He was married to Sarah B. Loring, who was born in New York city and came to Cincinnati with her parents in 1814. She was a daughter of David and Maria (Lowey) Loring, the former of whom was a well known grocer in the early days of Cincinnati. There were eight children in the family of Mr. and Mrs. Carlisle. Mr. Carlisle died in Cincinnati March 21, 1863, after a residence of more than forty-five years in this 798 - CINCINNATI—THE QUEEN CITY city. The old homestead was located at the southwest corner of Fourth 'and Walnut streets, on the site now occupied by the Carlisle building, and was one of the noted social centers during the period preceding the Civil war. Mr. Murdoch of this sketch received his preparatory education in Cincinnati and later matriculated in Urbana University, from which he was graduated in 1901. He carried his studies further in the Ohio State University. After leaving this institution he entered the employ of Rogers, Brown & Company and continued with this firm four years, during which time he gained a good general knowledge of the iron and steel business. In 1909 he assisted in organizing the Phelps Iron & Steel Company, of which he has been vice president, secretary and treasurer. On January 1, 1912, the name of this concern was changed to C. Murdoch & Company. Religiously he is connected with the Swedenborgian church and his mother is also a member of this denomination, as was his father. Mr. Murdoch has shown an enterprise and progressiveness in his business which gives brilliant promise as to his future. BROOKS FORD BEEBE, M. D. Dr. Brooks Ford Beebe, a practitioner and educator, who has done much important hospital work in addition to the duties of a large general practice, has risen to prominence because he has wisely and conscientiously used the talents with which nature endowed him. Whether environment, inherited tendency or natural predilection had most to do with Dr. Beebe's choice of a life work it is perhaps impossible to determine. He has followed in the footsteps of his father and grandfather and has added new laurels to a name that has long been honorably associated with medical practice in Ohio. Dr. Beebe was born in Washington county, this state, June 25, 1850. His father, Dr. William Beebe, was the only son of a prominent physician of the same name and one of the first practitioners of Ohio and a veteran of the Mexican war. Dr. William Beebe, Jr., was married to Elizabeth Rathbone, also a native of Ohio and a descendant of New England ancestry. Dr. Brooks Ford Beebe supplemented his common-school education, acquired in Washington county, by a college preparatory course under private instruction, and eventually matriculated in Marietta College, from which he was graduated with the class of 1873. Before this time, however, he had engaged in teaching school for some years, taking up the active work of that profession at the age of eighteen, when he successfully passed a teacher's examination, receiving a certificate of the highest grade. His efforts in that direction brought him the funds that enabled him to pursue his college course. With a view of facing his life work in commercial circles he entered upon merchandising and devoted three years to that pursuit but did not find it congenial and turned to the profession in which his grandfather and his father had won success. He completed a course of study in the Medical College of Ohio, now the medical department of the university, and following his graduation on the loth of March, 1880, at once CINCINNATI—THE QUEEN CITY - 799 entered upon the active practice of the profession. In the competitive examination he received the appointment of resident physician at Good Samaritan Hospital, of Cincinnati, and for one year was thus connected with that institution. It gave him ample opportunity to put his theoretical knowledge to the practical test and the broad experience of hospital work well qualified him for the onerous professional duties which have since devolved upon him. While in the Good Samaritan Hospital he was chosen from a number of internes to be assistant in the United States Marine Hospital, in which service he Samaritanafter leaving the Good Samarit:an for nine years. Immediately after graduation he was offered and accepted a position in his college, connected with the chair of physiology. After teaching for ten years he was employed as lecturer on physiological diagnosis for the same length of time. There was instituted for him the new chair of mental diseases, which he filled for the next ten years, and after thirty years of teaching in the Medical College of Ohio he sent in his resignation. Dr. Beebe has paid special attention to nervous and mental diseases and as the result of his knowledge in this direction has frequently been called into court as an expert in this line of work, and it was owing to his knowledge in this special branch that he was given the chair of mental diseases in the Medical College of Ohio. In 1900 he decided to give up general practice and devote his attention exclusively to nervous and mental diseases. He then established the Grand View Sanitarium on Price Hill, Cincinnati, which has proved a great success. In 1902, when the general reorganization of medical societies took place in the state of Ohio as well as throughout the United States, he was selected as one of the councilors of the Ohio State Medical Association, of whom there were ten. He was -elected by them as chairman of the council and held that position for seven years, the other members of the council giving him credit for initiating and carrying into effect a large part of the work that has promised to be of great good to the profession in general. He is a member of the American Medical Association and the Medical Psycological Association as well as many other medical societies, and through their proceedings keeps in touch with what is being done by the most advanced members of the profession throughout the country. HENRY THANE MILLER. Henry Thane Miller, whose span of life of almost seventy years extended from the 5th of February, 1826, until the 7th of December, 1895, was through an extended period regarded as one of the foremost educators of Cincinnati and his influence was an immeasurable power in advancing that intellectual culture and appreciation which constitutes the foundation for a higher civilization. Cincinnati was his native city, his parents being Henry and Susan (Thane) Miller, the former an iron merchant and real-estate dealer, who became a man of wealth, prominent in the business circles of this city. Passing through consecutive grades in the public schools, H. Thane Miller was eventually graduated with honors from the old Woodward High school ;