850 - CINCINNATI—THE QUEEN CITY thinking to find therein a congenial field of labor Dr. Brueggemann entered the Cincinnati Medical College, from which he was graduated with the class of 1898. He immediately afterward began practicing and is generally regarded as one of the progressive, up-to-date physicians, keeping in close touch with the advanced thought and methods of the profession. Dr. Brueggemann was united in marriage to Miss Emma Farwick, a daughter of John Farwick, of this city. For many years Dr. Brueggemann has resided at Mount Auburn. He holds membership in Damon Lodge, K. P., and while not a politician he lends his aid and influence on the side of good government. In this as in other connections he occupies a position characterized by progress and he keeps well informed on the questions and issues of the day as he does upon all matters relating to his chosen life work. JAMES HENRY FILLMORE. James Henry Fillmore, president and manager of The Fillmore Brothers Company, music publishers located at 528 Elm street, Cincinnati, is a native of this city, his birth having here occurred on the 1st of June, 1849. He is the eldest child born of the marriage of the Rev. Augustus Dameron and Hannah M. (Lockwood) Fillmore, the father a native of Gallipolis, Ohio, while the mother was a daughter of Ezekiel Lockwood, a shipbuilder of Cincinnati. In his early manhood, Augustus D. Fillmore came to Cincinnati to study medicine, but he later withdrew from this profession and entered the ministry of the Christian (Disciple) church. For many years he was engaged in evangelistic work, all over the country, being not only a speaker of such intense power that he could move great audiences but a singer of much more than average ability. He was also a great temperance worker and devoted much of his time to this most worthy cause, and at various times he held short pastorates in the church. Some years prior to his death he turned his attention to the publication of song books, issuing ten or twelve different editions for Sunday school, temperance, evangelistic and church work. Much care was used in the selection, many of the pieces being those that Mr. Fillmore had made popular during the period of his work in the field, while some were his own compositions. He was called to his final rest while his powers were yet at their zenith, his death occurring on the 6th of June, 1870, at the age of forty-seven years. The family of Mr. and Mrs. Fillmore numbered seven, those besides our subject being as follows ; Minerva ; Frank, who is a resident of Oklahoma ; Charles M., who is a minister in Indianapolis ; Kate, the wife of C. W. Worth, of New York city ; Fred A., who is living at Terrace Park, Ohio ; and A. L., who resides in Allegheny, Pennsylvania. While yet in his early boyhood James Henry Fillmore manifested more than average musical ability, and while pursuing his studies in the public schools, he was devoting much time to the mastery of the principles of harmony and composition, while he spent hours at the piano each day. Since his early youth he has been engaged in composing and has published many pieces, mostly vocal, that have had wide sale. After leaving school he entered the Methodist Book Concern, where he learned both ordinary and music typesetting, with the expectation of CINCINNATI—THE QUEEN CITY - 851 qualifying himself for the business he is now engaged in. After the death of their father, he and his brother Frank established the firm of Fillmore Brothers, ant, engaged in the publication of song books and sheet music. They have issued thousands of pieces of music, as well as song books for every possible occasion, including religious and temperance meetings, day and Sunday school, political and concert purposes, and are unquestionably one of the best known concerns in the middle west. Their enterprise flourished from its incipiency, as they were both capable business men and were well equipped for this special undertaking. As the business increased in volume they extended the scope of their activities from time to time and later put in a stock of band and orchestra instruments, and such incidentals as are usually carried in a business of this kind. When they became more widely known they began the publication of "The Choir," an anthem journal that is regularly used in churches throughout the country and they also edit "The Musical Messenger," a band and orchestra journal, with a large and constantly increasing circulation. In 1902 the business was incorporated under the name of The Fillmore Brothers Company, with James Henry Fillmore as president and general manager. He is in every way well adapted to the duties of this position, and it is unquestionably largely due to his business acumen and musical ability that the enterprise has thrived in the manner it has. The standard of the house both artistically and as a business institution is high, and nothing is ever issued by them that is not in every way first class. Mr. Fillmore married Miss Annie McKrell and there are four children in the family : James Henry, Jr., who has a fine musical education and has a talent for composition, now associated in business with his father, having charge of the band and orchestra music ; Mary H., the wife of S. C. Shipley, a professor in the University of Minnesota, at Minneapolis ; and Freddie and Annie Louise. The entire family hold membership in the Christian church, of which Mr. Fill-more is an elder and he also teaches in the Sunday school. For the past eight years they have been residents of Norwood, where they have a large circle of acquaintances. Mr. Fillmore is a public-spirited man and gives his political support to the men and measures of the prohibition party, thus voicing his decided view on this important issue. He is widely known and highly regarded in business and musical circles of Cincinnati and numbers among both many stanch friends. CAPTAIN BENJAMIN I. PATTISON. Captain Benjamin I. Pattison, of the steamer Courier, has the distinction of being the youngest man bearing the title, now in charge of a vessel leaving Cincinnati. He owes his rapid advancement to inherent energy and faith in himself—two qualities that often prove of supreme importance in shaping one's life and leading to the desired goal. He was born at Moscow, Ohio, in 1882, a son of Louis C. and Helen (Ingram) Pattison. The father was also born at Moscow and for many years engaged in the tobacco business but is now identified with farming interests and is one of the substantial men of the community. Fraternally he is identified with the Masonic order. 852 - CINCINNATI—THE QUEEN CITY Benjamin I. Pattison was reared in his native town and received his preliminary education in the public schools. He was early attracted to the river and at the age of eighteen secured a position on one of the boats as watchman. He demonstrated his faithfulness and ability and advanced through the positions of second mate, mate and pilot, receiving his master's papers in March, 1909. For two years he has been in charge of the steamer Courier, which plies between Cincinnati and Maysville. Captain Pattison was married to Miss Susan Ditmann, a daughter of Frank Ditmann, of New York city, and they are the parents of two children, Elizabeth and Susan. Captain Pattison is a man of genial social qualities and holds membership in Cincinnati Council, No. 82, Junior Order of United American Mechanics. He is recognized as thoroughly efficient in his chosen calling and his pleasing address and genuine personal worth have gained for him an extensive circle of friends. He has been active, progressive and energetic and has won an honorable place in the estimation of the public and also possesses the good-will of those who have known him from boyhood. PETER N. BARDO. The business of The Bourbon Copper and Brass Works Company of Cincinnati has been ably conducted and a large measure of the success of the company is due to its secretary and treasurer, Peter N. Bardo. Born at Cincinnati, April 4, 1847, he is a son of Nicholas and Elizabeth (Greenwald) Bardo, the former of whom was a native of Italy and the latter of Philadelphia. The father came to Cincinnati in the '30s and here engaged in the confectionary business as Nicholas Bardo. Early in life Peter N. Bardo was left an orphan by the death of both of his parents. He was educated in the public schools and entered the employ of W. & G. W. Robson, brass founders and coppersmiths, continuing with the firm for seventeen years, during which time he became well acquainted with the business. In 1875 he associated with John G. Hetch, John G. Ellerhorst and Thomas Ford in the purchase of the plant of Samuel Cummings & Sons which was established in 1818. This firm built the first hand fire engine used by a volunteer fire department west of the Alleghany mountains. It also manufactured the first fire plugs made use of in Cincinnati. The new organization was known as The Bourbon Copper and Brass Works, and the partners being men of experience and energy, the business was a success from the start. In 1891 Mr. Bardo and Mr. Ford purchased the interests of their partners and about 1904 the business was incorporated as The Bourbon Copper and Brass Works Company, with Mr. Ford as president and Mr. Bardo as secretary and treasurer. The capital stock is fifty thousand dollars, all of which is paid in. The company employs about fifty men and engages on an extensive scale in the manufacture of fire plugs, gate valves, and a general line of supplies for fire departments and waterworks. The reputation of the company for promptness and fair dealing is exceeded by no other concern of the kind in the west and its name- is favorably known throughout the entire country. In 1871 Mr. Bardo was married to Miss Mary Ford, a daughter of Owen and Mary (Nealon) Ford, both of whom were born in Ireland. They came to Amer- CINCINNATI—THE QUEEN CITY - 853 ica and were married at Carbondale, Pennsylvania. Mr. Ford was by trade a butcher. He removed with his family to Cincinnati and engaged in the contracting business. Mr. and Mrs. Ford were the parents of four children, only one of whom, Thomas, is now living. A record of the life of Thomas Ford is presented on another page in this work. Ten children were born to Mr. and Mrs. Bardo Mary, who married Joseph Humbrecht, of Cincinnati, and is now deceased ; Katherine, the wife of Edward Worthlin, of Madisonville ; Gertrude, who married Dr.. Joseph Back, of Newport, Kentucky ; Alice, now Mrs. Alfred Lux, of Detroit, Michigan ; Stella, the wife of Joseph O'Neil, of Newport, Kentucky ; George and Peter N., Jr., both of whom are residents of Newport ; Thomas, who lives at Johns Hill, Kentucky ; and John and William, also of Newport. Mr. Bardo was called upon to mourn the death of his beloved wife August 10, 1907. She was a member of the Catholic church at Newport and was a woman of many attractive traits of mind and character. Fraternally Mr. Bardo is identified with the Benevolent and Protective Order of Elks and in his life he has been largely controlled by its kindly teachings. That he has been highly successful in his business is demonstrated in the responsible position he now fills and which he has occupied with increasing capability ever since the organization of the company. ALLISON BISHOPRIC. Born under the British flag, Allison Bishopric, now a resident of Cincinnati, possessed the courage to seek his fortune in a foreign land and met with a hearty welcome when he settled in this city ten years ago. He is today at the head of one of the flourishing business enterprises of the city and can claim many friends, who recognize his sterling qualities. He was born at Toronto, Canada, September 1, 1871, his parents being John and Ellen (Sinclair) Bishopric. He received his early education in the public schools of Toronto and there laid a foundation by intelligent effort which has materially assisted in his advancement in life. After leaving school he became connected with the shoe business in his native city and continued in that line for five years. Believing that a wider field was presented in the United States, he bade farewell to his early associations and in 1901 came to Cincinnati, Ohio, where he assisted in organizing the British American Company, which was incorporated in 1901 to deal in naval stores and to manufacture brewers' pitch and sealing wax. Mr. Bishopric has ever since the organization of the company been president and treasurer, and A. Gazlay has filled the office of vice president, and as the company is managed by men of experience and broad ability it has from the start been a marked success. The factory of the company is at Spring Grove avenue and Winton place and fifteen persons here find employment. The products are shipped to all parts of the United States and Canada. Mr. Bishopric is also actively connected with other enterprises, among which may be named the Mastic Wall Board & Roofing Company, which was incorporated at New Orleans, Louisiana, in 1909. This company manufactures a substitute for wall plaster and composition roofing. A building is being erected for the use of the company and the success of the business is now assured. The officers are : William Bancroft, of New Orleans, presi- 854 - CINCINNATI—THE QUEEN CITY dent; Allison Bishopric, vice president; and E. J. Ross, of New Orleans, secretary. William R. Park, a well known business man of Cincinnati, is a member of the board of directors. Judging by the favor with which the product offered by this company is being accepted, there is every reason to believe that its operations will at an early day extend to all the principal points in the country. In Cincinnati, Mr. Bishopric was married to Miss Adelle Fern Gazlay, a daughter of Aribert Gazlay. Three children have been born to this union, Emerson, Allison, Jr., and Charlotte. Mr. Bishopric was reared in the Episcopal church and is a vestryman of Grace Episcopal church of Avondale. He is a stanch believer in the Bible and in his business as well as in private life aims to exemplify the teachings of the Great Book. The possessor of original ideas, which he has incorporated in his business, he has gained more than the ordinary measure of success and his industry and persistent application give promise of still greater victories. He occupies a prominent and honored position in business and social circles and is rightly classed among the representative and prosperous men of Cincinnati. JAMES J. WOLF. James J. Wolf, the vice president and treasurer of the Cincinnati firm known as Wolf Brothers & Company, manufacturers of ladies' shoes, has been identified with the shoe business for a quarter of a century. Since 1902 the business has been conducted in a modern factory at Nos. 412-418 West Seventh street. James J. Wolf was born in Cincinnati, Ohio, in 1868, his father being Daniel Wolf, a native of Germany, who was connected with the early business interests of this city as a wholesale clothing merchant. He took up his abode in Cincinnati in 1833 and here passed away in 1904, when eighty-four years of age. James J. Wolf was reared and educated in Cincinnati, being graduated from the Woodward high school in 1886. After putting aside his text-books he secured employment in the packing room of the shoe factory of Wolf & Company, of which concern his older brother was a member. In 1888 he removed to Boston, where he was engaged in the shoe business as a jobber for nine years. On the expiration of that period, in 1897, he returned to Cincinnati and became associated with his brother, Samuel B., in the manufacture of shoes. Their factory was at that time situated at No. 705 Sycamore street but since 1902 has occupied the present location. Wolf Brothers & Company are manufacturers of "The American Girl" shoe and furnish employment to about four hundred people, their daily output averaging about two thousand pairs of shoes. The dimensions of their factory, which is a modernly equipped brick structure of eight stories and basement, are seventy-three by one hundred and forty-four feet.. The officers of the concern are as follows: Samuel B. Wolf, president; James J. Wolf, vice president and treasurer ; Robert E. Harrison, second vice president and H. K. Roberg, secretary. As a companion and helpmate on the journey of life Mr. Wolf chose Miss Julia Adler, by whom he has one child, Elaine. He is one of the best posted men CINCINNATI—THE QUEEN CITY - 857 in Cincinnati on the early history of the city and probably has more books on the subject than any other man, his volumes including early histories, early city directories, etc. For the past fourteen years he has been prominently and successfully identified with the manufacturing interests of Cincinnati, which city has long numbered him among its respected and representative residents. SAMUEL B. WOLF. Samuel B. Wolf, the president of the firm of Wolf Brothers & Company, has been connected with the shoe business of Cincinnati for thirty-eight years. He is numbered among the worthy native sons of this city, his birth occurring on the 11th of October, 1857, at what was then No. 52 West Eighth street, where his brother James was also born. He attended the local schools in the acquirement of an education and immediately after completing his studies entered the shoe business as an employe in a jobbing house. In 1884 he began the manufacture of shoes and has thus remained a representative of industrial interests for the past twenty-seven years. In 1897, in partnership with his brother James, he organized the firm of Wolf Brothers & Company, which in 1905 was incorporated with a capital stock of two hundred and fifty thousand dollars. Samuel B. Wolf devotes his attention to the manufacturing end of the business and has proven himself a man of splendid executive ability and sound judgment. In early manhood he wedded Miss Madeline May, of Grand Rapids, Michigan, by whom he has two children : Myron, who is learning the shoe business under the direction of his father ; and Samuel B., Tr. Mr. Wolf has resided in Cincinnati from his birth to the present time and is well known and highly esteemed throughout the city. CAPTAIN JACOB LINDENBURN. One of the best known river men in this section is Jacob Lindenburn, captain of the steamer City of Cincinnati, who has been identified with this vocation for the past thirty years. He was born in Belleview, Kentucky, on the 25th of August, 1863, and is a son of Philip and Martha (Eckstein) Lindenburn. Philip Linden-burn was a native of Germany and there he spent the first forty-eight years of his life. Being attracted to America he emigrated to the United States by way of New Orleans and during the first two years of his residence followed the river. After his marriage he located on a farm in the vicinity of Bromley, Kentucky, where he devoted his energies to agricultural pursuits until his demise, which occurred during the early boyhood of his son Jacob. Captain Jacob Lindenburn was reared in his native state, attending the public schools in the acquirement of his education. As a boy he took much delight in watching the boats on the river and early determined when he attained manhood to become a riverman. At the age of eighteen he came to Cincinnati, obtaining a Vol. IV-42 858 - CINCINNATI - THE QUEEN CITY position on the old steamer Ben Franklin running between Cincinnati and Louisville. He was an industrious and ambitious youth and diligently applied himself to all work on hand, and became acquainted with the river and its navigation, as well as an understanding of the running of a river boat. Thoroughly resolved to attain his ambition of being a pilot he sought information on every hand that would be of assistance to him and in 1885 his efforts were rewarded by the granting of the papers, entitling him to a pilot's license. He has been continuously in the service of the Louisville & Cincinnati Packet Company for the past twenty-two years, and in 1903 he was promoted to the position of captain of the City of Cincinnati, one of the finest boats on the river. Of the nine children in the family of Captain Lindenburn, of whom four are living, John is a pilot on the boat with his father, while Henry, a resident of Newport, Kentucky, is also a river pilot. Fraternally Captain Lindenburn is identified with the Independent Order of Odd Fellows. THE LAW'S INSURANCE AGENCY COMPANY. One of the pioneer insurance companies of Cincinnati is that of Law Brothers, operated under the firm name of The Law's Insurance Agency Company. It was founded in 1848 by John S. Law, the father, who came to Cincinnati from Savannah, Georgia. The business was conducted under the name of John S. Law until 1871, when it was changed to John S. Law & Son, with John H. Law, who had been associated with his father in the business for nineteen years. as partner. Upon the death of John S. Law in 1877 the name was again changed, the firm operating from then until 1881 as John H. Law. In the latter year Mr. Law was joined by two of his brothers, Charles H. and George W., as equal partners, the company being known as John H. Law & Brothers. On the 28th of October, 1903, they incorporated under the name of The Law's Insurance Agency Company, with John H. Law, president ; George W. Law, vice president; Charles H. Law, secretary and treasurer ; and Major James L. Foley, manager. They are very pleasantly located in the Fourth National Bank building, their offices being fully equipped and appropriately furnished, while their clerical force is of a superior personnel. They had for many years been the local representatives of The Royal Insurance Company, of London, England, and in 1895 this company asked John H. and George W. Law to go to Chicago as their western managers. Their territory to embrace the states of Ohio, Indiana, part of Kentucky, Michigan, Wisconsin, Illinois, Missouri, Iowa, Nebraska, Kansas, Wyoming, Colorado, and North and South Dakota. The office-in Cincinnati then became a branch with Charles H. Law empowered to act as general manager. In 1903 Major Foley and Charles H. Law became associate managers of the Cincinnati office. John S. Law, the founder of the company, was born in Liberty, Georgia. There were six children in his family, the four eldest being natives of Savannah, Georgia, where the family resided until 1848. In order of birth they are as follows : John H. Law, now president of The Law Insurance Agency Company; Benjamin B.; William F., who is a resident of Marietta, Georgia ; Charles H., CINCINNATI—THE QUEEN CITY - 859 who passed away on the 7th of March, 1904; George W., vice president of The Law Insurance Agency Company ; and Sarah J. The two last named are natives of Cincinnati. John H. Law was born in Savannah, Georgia, on the 17th of August, 1836. In 1852 he entered his father's office in the capacity of secretary, being made a partner in the business in 1871. He was married in Cincinnati to Miss Georgia 0. Beraker of Cincinnati, and their family numbered six : Mrs. L. L. Meek ; Mrs. Anna A. Bell ; .Mrs. John Hadcock; Mrs. Clara. T. Taylor ; Charles G., who is a member of The Law Insurance Agency Company ; and now manager of the Cincinnati agency ; and Lucy A. Mrs. Law passed away on the 14th of February, 1907. Charles G. Law, the only son of John H. Law, came into the firm in 1897, becoming a member of the clerical force of the Chicago office. He subsequently became associate special agent for Cook county, and in 1902 was made associate special agent for the state of Illinois, then became state agent for Illinois. He withdrew from the latter position in April, 1910, to become assistant manager of the Cincinnati office under Major Foley, who passed away on the 5th of August of that year. After his demise Charles G. Law became manager of the local office. He married Miss Jane M. Durell, of Chicago, and they have one child, Anna W. The present officials of The Law Insurance Agency Company are John H. Law, president ; George W. Law, vice president ; and Charles G. Law, secretary and treasurer, and manager of the Cincinnati office. It is sixty-three years since the firm was established in this city, the present management representing the third generation of the family to serve in that capacity. BERT GEORGE MOORMAN. Bert George Moorman is one of the prominent representatives of building interests in Cincinnati, where he has operated since 1908 as senior partner of the firm of B. G.. Moorman & Company. He was born in Cincinnati, in 1878, a son of B. H. Moorman, who came to this city in 1843 and purchased a home at No. 1045 West Ninth street, where the family have lived for over fifty years. He is now president of the Banner Ice Company, a business which has grown steadily in volume and importance until it is one of the foremost enterprises of this kind in the city. For sixty-eight years the father has here lived and his name has long been an honored one in commercial circles. In 1901 he was called upon to mourn the loss of his wife, who passed away on the 13th of September of that year. In their family were three daughters : Catharine, the wife of Alexander Greerty, of Fairbanks ; Letta ; and Nellie. The only son, Bert George Moorman, who is the eldest of the family, pursued his education in St. Mary's College of Dayton and St. Joseph's College of Cincinnati, and after leaving school was associated with his father in the ice business for several years, while for a year and a half he was president of the Commercial Security Company. He also looked after his father's property in this city which finally led him, in 1908, into his present business. In that year he 860 - CINCINNATI—THE QUEEN CITY formed a partnership with L. B. John under the firm name of B. G. Moorman & Company, contractors and builders. They engage in building houses which they sell and have carried on other operations in various parts of the city, including Price Hill, Hyde Park, the suburb of Oakley and a subdivision on McHenry avenue. The largest operations of the company in 1911 have been in Westwood but they have owned and developed property in all of the suburban places of Cincinnati. They have their own architect and employ about one hundred men in the business. They also do their own concrete stone work and are now installing a planing mill at their plant on West Ninth street in order to do any special work quickly. They build houses of an attractive character which they sell at a reasonable figure on terms satisfactory alike to purchaser and seller. At one time Mr. Moorman was the owner of the Sycamore Street Stables which were destroyed by fire, causing a severe loss. Prosperity has attended his efforts in his present line and he is regarded as an alert, wide-awake business man, watchful of opportunities which he improves to the best advantage. In their building operations the firm introduce all modern improvements and as owners and developers of choice suburb property they are contributing largely to the advancement and adornment of the city, adding much to its pleasing architectural features. Mr. Moorman's success is due to .his thorough knowledge of conditions in regard to real estate. The firm do all their own work including carpentering, designing and concrete work, in fact everything but plumbing. Some idea of their operations can be obtained from the number of houses built in 1911 as they have erected and sold about fifty-five, and owing to the fact that they do all of their own work they are able to save to the buyers many dollars that would otherwise go to various contractors. Mr. Moorman is well known in fraternal and social organizations, holding membership with the Knights of Columbus and the Benevolent and Protective Order of Elks, with the Auto Club and the Congress Club. Of the last named he is vice president. He is a great horse fancier and some years won six blue ribbons on his horses. He not only raised his own horses at that time but drove them in the horse shows. He has traveled extensively and is a typical American business man, alert, energetic and progressive. ALEXANDER FRIES. Among the men of foreign birth who found in the business conditions of the new world the opportunities which they sought for the attainment of advancement and success was long known in commercial circles of Cincinnati Alexander Fries, as the founder and leading member of the chemical works of Alexander Fries & Brother. He was born in Furth, Bavaria, January 4, 1821, the eldest son of Professor Moritz Fries, a celebrated mathematician and teacher who was descended from a long line of professors. Alexander Fries acquired a good education under the immediate supervision of his father and also attended the lectures at the University of Erlangen and not only gained an excellent knowledge of chemistry but also became a remarkable linguist and literateur of note. After spending some time in France in CINCINNATI—THE QUEEN CITY - 861 pursuing his studies and investigations he went to Spain and accomplished what up to that time was the crowning work of his. life. He remained there for twelve years, in scientific work and it was largely through his instrumentality that the country traversed by the Sierra Morenas was developed. His efforts attracted so much attention that the Spanish government gave him official recognition, the King of Spain conferring knighthood upon him and bestowing upon him the high and much coveted order of Carlos Third, a rank attained by but few foreigners. In the year 1855 Mr. Fries came to Cincinnati and joined Mr. Springer, his brother-in-law, in the manufacture of coal oil from cannel coal. Naturally this method, both costly and difficult, fell into disuse when petroleum was discovered. At the death of Mr. Springer the factory was converted into the Alexander Fries & Brother Chemical Works for the manufacture of paraffin, ethers, acids, etc., as the demands required. He remained at the head of the firm of Alexander Fries & Brother until his death, which occurred November 14, 1897, and in the interim made many valuable discoveries both in technical and theoretical chemistry. Mr. Fries was one of the pioneer chemists of Cincinnati. In fact there were few specializing in this science, his contemporaries being Vaughan During, Wayne, Fennel and a few others. He possessed a high sense of honor, was a man of examplary methods, charitable almost to a fault, devoted to his family and a citizen of whom Cincinnati might well be proud. He never married and died in his eighty-seventh year, surrounded by his brothers and sisters, their children and children's children, to all of whom he had by his kindly manners endeared himself. FRANK B. CROSS, M. D. A distinguishing feature of the professions in recent times is the tendency to specialize. In no profession is this principle carried out more legitimately than in medicine and the treatment of the eye has enlisted the time and attention of many of the brightest minds among the physicians. Among this number is Dr. Frank B. Cross, now a leading oculist of Cincinnati, whose success is the direct result of years of close study and observation under the greatest teachers of America and Europe. He was born at the National Soldiers Home at Dayton, Ohio, on the 25th of August, 1871. His father, Dr. Felix G. Cross, now president of the Columbia Life Insurance Company of Cincinnati, was at that time surgeon at the Soldiers Home but removed with his family to this city in 1879. Dr. Cross of this review received his preliminary education in the public schools of Cincinnati. For three years he was a student of the Woodward high school and then matriculated in the University of Cincinnati. Two years later he entered the Miami Medical College of this city, then a department of the university, and was graduated with the degree of M. D. in 1895. After receiving his diploma he went to New York and engaged in clinical work in leading hospitals of that city in 1895 and 1896, being thus enabled to make practical application of many lessons he had learned in the books. Later he. took a post- 862 - CINCINNATI—THE QUEEN CITY graduate coarse of six months on diseases of the eye in one of the great institutions of Vienna, Austria, and also served two years as "clinical assistant" in the London Royal Ophthalmic Hospital, one of the most celebrated institutions of the kind in the world. Except when absent in Europe he has practiced at Cincinnati since 1896 and his reputation has extended through a large part of the Ohio valley. He is one of the staff at Christ's Hospital and connected with the department of ophthalmology in the medical college of the University of Cincinnati. He is also a member of the Academy of Medicine of Cincinnati, the Ohio State Medical Society and the American Medical Association, and was secretary of the Medical Civics Association of Cincinnati when first organized. Starting as a boy with special advantages of home training and preliminary education, Dr. Cross availed himself of the best opportunities in preparing for his life work, and his success is evidence of his conscientious application and good business judgment. In politics he is independent, voting rather for men and measures than in support of party. Fraternally he is identified with the Masonic order, and he also belongs to the Queen City Club, the University Club, the Cincinnati Golf Club and other organizations. His office is at No. 4 Sev-enth street. VICTOR C. MUHLBERG. Victor Charles Muhlberg, who throughout his business career has been associated with the drug trade in Cincinnati and is now proprietor of one of the large and popular establishments of this character here, was born in this state on the 18th of July, 1868, a son f William and Celestine (Mueller) Muhlberg. The family name indicates the German origin. The father was born in Eisen-berg, Saxony, Germany, and enjoyed liberal educational advantages, attending the University of Leipzig. He came to America in 1847 with the movement that brought Carl Schurz and other eminent citizens of Germany to the new world, the German states having been involved in civil war wherein many of the citizens attempted to secure greater liberties, and becoming implicated in the revolution sought the freedom, appreciation and greater opportunities of this growing western world. William Muhlberg was of this number. He had studied medicine and pharmacy in his native land and for a year after coming to the United States was located in New York city, where he followed his profession. He then came to Cincinnati and established a drug store on Western Row, now Central avenue, becoming one of the pioneer pharmacists of this city. He was not long in building up a good business and for an extended period was associated with the drug trade, his labors being crowned with success. He married Celestine Mueller, a daughter of Charles V. Mueller, who was of French extraction. The death of William Muhlberg occurred in 189o, when he was sixty-nine years of age. The public schools afforded Victor Charles Muhlberg his educational privi-leges and his business training was received under the direction of his father. He was graduated with highest honors from the Cincinnati College of Pharmacy with the class of 1889 and is now at the head of an enterprise that was estab- CINCINNATI—THE QUEEN CITY - 863 lished On the 18th of April, 1848, by William Muhlberg and Charles Fritsch under the name of Muhlberg's Pharmacy. In a short time William Muhlberg became sole proprietor and in 1856 removed his store from what is now the corner of Central avenue and Armory street to Wade street and Central avenue, where he continued in business for eleven years, or until 1867. At that time he purchased a store from Adolph Stierle and conducted it up to the time of his death in He was succeeded by his two sons, Edward and Victor, who incorporated the business in 1891. They conducted the store with growing success until 1906, when Victor C. Muhlberg purchased his brother's interest and became sole proprietor. He has one of the splendidly equipped establishments of this city, carrying a large and well selected line of goods, and his courteous treatment of his patrons as well as his straightforward dealing has constituted one of the important elements hi the success of the establishment. Mr. Muhlberg is a member of the American Pharmaceutical Association and also belongs to the Ohio State Pharmaceutical Association and served on its formulary committee. He is likewise a member of the National Association of Retail Druggists and attended its national meeting as a delegate in 1911. Mr. Muhlberg was married to Miss Edna R. Huser, a daughter of Charles Huser, of Austin, Minnesota, and they have two sons, Charles William and Victor Edward. The family are well known in this city where Mr. Muhlberg has spent his entire life and he has so directed his efforts as to gain recognition as one of the foremost druggists of the city. GEORGE R. VOLLMAN. How- to secure the greatest efficiency with the least expenditure of time, money and energy has been a study on the part of George R. Vollman, of Cincinnati, and he applied himself to the problem so closely that in at least one department of business—the manufacture of shoes—he has been remarkably successful. He is secretary and member of the board of directors oft Helm ing McKenzie Shoe Company, with factory at 4015 Cherry street, anit is in an important degree through his efforts that the company has attained its present standing as one of the substantial manufacturing concerns of this city. Born in Cincinnati, June 3, 1877, he is a son of R. Vollman, who has for a number of years been engaged in the retail sho.e business at .618 Broadway. A member: of a family of twelve children, George R. Vollman was obliged to start to work in his boyhood, having first gained his preliminary education in the parochial and public schools of this city. He has been identified with the shoe business ever since he began his contact with the world and for eighteen years has been connected with the Helming McKenzie Shoe Company. He started as office boy and advanced through the various grades until he was made a member of the board of directors in 1903. Since 1905 he has also filled the position of secretary of the company. He has been unusually successful as a traveling man and makes regular visits to the large cities of the United States, thus disposing of about one-third. of the output of the factory. He originated a method of determining the cost of any line of shoes before work upon them is 864 - CINCINNATI—THE QUEEN CITY begun which has proved of great value to the company and is an indication of the interest he takes in his business. He is thoroughly honorable and straightforward in all his dealings and his record is proof of what may be accomplished by earnest and persistent application. In 1902 Mr. Vollman was married, in this city, to Miss Anna Amend, and they have two children, George, Jr., and Robert, both of whom are now in attendance at school. Mr. Vollman was reared in the Roman Catholic faith and he and his family are mebers of St. Boniface church. A man of unostentatious manner, kindly and charitable nature and fine social instincts, he can claim many friends in Cincinnati and throughout the region in which he travels. He keeps in close touch with the progressive spirit of the age and is a true representative of the active and energetic young business men who reflect credit upon the various industries and companies which they represent and are materially advancing the name of Cincinnati as one of the important distributing centers of America. MISS CLARA BAUR. Miss Clara Baur, founder of the Cincinnati Conservatory of Music, her position from the first being that of directress of the institution, is descended from one of the old families of Germany. The family ancestral history gives a long line of clergymen and educators, Miss Baur being a direct descendant of one of the first clergymen who allied himself with Luther at the time of the Reformation. One of his descendants, Ferdinand Christian Baur, founded the first chair of Theology in Europe at Tubingen and his name is cherished among theologians the world over. Miss Clara Baur was born at Stuttgart, Germany, and from her early childhood studied the pianoforte. The Conservatory of Music in Cincinnati is the tangible expression of her genius as a musician and organizer, and Cincinnati's reputation as a center in which the art of music has been carefully fostered and promoted is due in no small measure to her efforts. As previously stated, she had been instructed in piano from her earliest girlhood and she received her first training in vocal music from Madame Caroline Rive, a dramatic singer of rare powers and at that time a teacher unsurpassed in America. As her studies progressed Miss Baur recognized the fact that the influence of teachers working independently is restricted, and in her mind there awakened the ambition to establish a school of music which would have a far reaching influence. She regarded Cincinnati as a promising field for such an undertaking and determined that this city should be the scene of her labors notwithstanding that wealthy and influential friends urged her to undertake her work of establishing and developing a school in New York. As the result of her plans the Cincinnati .Conservatory of Music was established in the winter of 1867, becoming the first music school in this city. Years afterward, the Cincinnati Commercial wrote: "Miss Baur was the first to awaken interest in the broad and thorough culture of the great refining art, the first to project the distinction of Cincinnati in music." CINCINNATI—THE QUEEN CITY - 867 Previous to founding the school Miss Baur returned to Europe, and reentered the Stuttgart Conservatory to study the methods of that famous school, then under the direction of Dr. Feist, and subsequently modeled the Cincinnati Conservatory of Music after her alma mater at Stuttgart. She pursued her piano studies chiefly with the celebrated Dr. Sigmund Lebert and Dr. Louis Stark. Her work in the vocal art she continued with Madame Maroncelli, a famous opera singer, and with Madame Winter Weber, one of the prima donnas of the grand opera at Paris. Thus equipped for the great undertaking which she had in view, Miss Baur opened her conservatory on Seventh, between Race and Vine streets; in 1867. She had no capital and the school was opened without endowment. The period of beginning was a difficult one, yet soon she received the patronage of many leading citizens, who sent their children to her for instruction. She retained the position of directress and head of the vocal department and associated with her, as instructors in the school, H. G. Andres as head of the pianoforte department ; W. W. Gilchrist, vocal culture, theory and composition; Leo Kofler, organ and chorus drill ; and Heinrich Hahn, violin. From time to time Miss Baur secured as members of the faculty representatives of the great music centers of Europe. The piano department includes some of the most eminent concert pianists and pedagogues in America, among the number being Theodor Bohlmann, a pupil of Karl Klindworth and of Moritz Moszkowski, who pronounced him one of the most gifted German pianists ; Frederic Shailer Evans, a pupil of Jadassohn and of Dr. Karl Reinecke, winner of the much coveted Helbig prize upon his graduation from the Leipzig Conservatory ; the eminent English concert pianist, Douglas Boxall, deceased, a pupil of Emil Bach and of the renowned Leschetizky ; Wilhelm Kraupner, a pupil of Dr. Reinecke and of the piano virtuoso, Alfred Reisenauer of Leipzig ; Louis Schwebel, a favorite pupil of the great concert pianist and Chopin specialist, Vladimir de Pachmann; Hans Richard, the distinguished Swiss virtuoso, pupil of Hans Huber, director of the Conservatory of Bale, and of the virtuosi Alfred Reisenauer and Raoul Pugno; Paolo Martucci, concert pianist, son of the famous Italian pianist and composer, Giuseppe Martucci. Miss Baur's methods of voice culture have received the highest praise from some of the world's first authorities on the vocal art. The great Rubinstein, after visiting the school and listening to the playing of the pupils, expressed emphatic approval of their work and went so far as to say that nowhere in America had he found such adequate teaching. Miss Baur has from the first assumed the head of the vocal department and at the present has associated with her as principals, Miss Frances Moses and Mr. John A. Hoffmann, one of America's leading lyric tenors. The violin department includes in its faculty Pier Adolfo Tirindelli, the eminent composer and violinist, and Bernard Strum, who is a brilliant representative of the Brussels Violin School, having achieved distinction under Cesar Thompson. In connection with the violin department and that of the 'cello, which latter is under the supervision of Julius Strum, one of America's leading 'cellists, the conservatory has organized a student's orchestra now in its eleventh year. Signor Tirindelli, the conductor from the very beginning, puts his genius, his heart and his enthusiasm into this orchestra and has thus achieved such results as are scarcely to be believed of an orchestra composed of students. 868 - CINCINNATI—THE QUEEN CITY The pipe organ department is under the direction of Harold Becket Gibbs and Karl Otto Staps, both of the Royal College of Music of London. The conservatory offers a splendid normal course in public school music training under the direction of Mrs. Margaret Pace. Harold Becket Gibbs has charge of the conservatory chorus and department of boy's voice training. The harp, flute and other orchestral instruments are included in the curriculum. There is also a brilliantly equipped department of theory of music, counterpoint, composition and musical analysis under the supervision of Edgar Stillman Kelley, America's foremost composer. The art of elocution and oratory has been made one of the important features of the school. The principles expounded by the renowned James E. Murdock are here taught and this department is now in charge of his granddaughter Mrs. Lily Hollingshead James, and of Miss Helen May Curtis. In addition to the regular technical work the students are given lectures on correlated subjects by distinguished members of the faculty and by people who are authorities in their lines and the virtuosi of the faculty give numerous ensemble and solo concerts throughout the year. It is not an easy task to estimate fully the influence, of such work both. within and without the conservatory. Instruction is given in the translating and speaking of foreign languages, especially in connection with song, and there is a fully equipped department of English literature, conducted by Miss Sara Langley. This is the first conservatory in America to establish a boarding department which supplies an ideal home life to young ladies coming from a distance. The location of the conservatory is all that could be desired. It is situated on a gentle rise of land overlooking the entire valley and around the great buildings stretch broad green lawns shaded with fine old trees and dotted here and there with beds of beautiful and fragrant flowers. The conservatory occupies the old Shillito mansion and grounds and when this was purchased seventy-five thousand dollars were invested in the erection of two additional buildings, which provide comfortable practicing and student bedrooms, a hospital, a gymnasium and a concert hall with a seating capacity of eight hundred. In 1911 a further wing was added which provides for seventy additional rooms, including lecture rooms, teaching rooms and dormitories. Associated with Miss Baur for a long period has been her niece, Miss Bertha Baur, who is associate principal and secretary of the institution. She is a native of Cleveland and was educated at Ann Arbor, Michigan. After completing her course there she became associated with Miss Baur. She possesses splendid executive ability and business acumen and her labors have constituted an important supplement to the efforts of the founder of the school. Miss Bertha Baur is a member of the Cincinnati Woman's Club and is a member of the board of directors of the Cincinnati Symphony Orchestra Association. Many of the graduates of the conservatory have attained eminence in the musical world, including Kenneth Bradley, the director of Bush Temple Conservatory of Music of Chicago, Edgar Cawley, director of the Indianapolis Conservatory of Music, and Dr. John McKenzie, president of the Howe School for Boys, of Lima, Illinois. Today the Cincinnati Conservatory of Music, with its world renowned professors and competent assistants, stands a magnificent tribute to the power of the divine art of music as embodied in a woman. The CINCINNATI—THE QUEEN CITY - 869 school is regarded as equally proficient with the foremost European musical institutions, its success being almost unparalleled. Its growth is due to the high standard which has ever been maintained by Miss Baur in her selection of the corps of teachers and, the high standard of work which she demands from her pupils. No other single influence has done as much to win for Cincinnati the renown which she enjoys as a musical center. BENJAMIN B. WHITEMAN. Benjamin B. Whiteman came to an honored old age, passing the ninety-third milestone on life's journey, and having witnessed the progress of the city from 1831 to 1903. He was born in Greene county, Ohio, on December 13, 1810. Educational opportunities at that period were not equal to those afforded by the common schools of today, so Mr. Whiteman completed his education in Augusta College, at Augusta, Kentucky. Cincinnati was a young but growing city at that period and Mr. Whiteman believed it offered better opportunities than could be secured elsewhere. Accordingly he took up his abode here in 1831 and soon became interested in insurance. The old Cincinnati Insurance Company was the first one he went into and he became its secretary. About 1861 he went over to the Merchants & Manufacturers Insurance Company as its secretary and later became the president of the company. In 1879 Mr. Whiteman retired from the presidency but remained a director of the Merchants & Manufacturers Insurance Company until his death. On September, 1838, Mr. Whiteman was married to Henrietta L. Cassilly. Her father was Michael P. Cassilly, one of the early merchants of Cincinnati, and his residence at 325 Broadway is still standing. He owned the row of houses along the river front called Cassilly Row, which in the early days was important business property, but later degenerated into the famed "Rat Row." Mr. Cassilly died in 1854, leaving a large family and an estate which was considered very large in those days. None of his descendants are now living who bear the name of Cassilly, and a name once prominent in Cincinnati is unknown to the present generation. Mrs. Cassilly was the daughter of John Biddle, one of the "Philadelphia Biddies." John. Biddle was a deputy quartermaster in the Provincial army and was the collector of excise of Berks county, Pennsylvania, at the time of the Revolution. He did not think it advisable for this country to separate from England, and for this reason he was looked upon as a Tory and his property was confiscated and he went to Nova Scotia, where he died. His property was afterwards restored to his widow and children. Soon after the marriage of Benjamin B. Whiteman and Henrietta L. Cassilly, they moved to the suburb of .Clifton, which in those days (1843) was nothing but open country, miles from Cincinnati. Afterward it became a village and Mr. Whiteman as one of its first residents, took an active part in its affairs. 11e was a member of Calvary Episcopal church in which he served as vestryman. He was a man of upright life and practical sympathy, and passed away surrounded by all that makes old age desirable. Mrs. Whiteman survives him. and resides at the old residence on Clifton avenue, opposite Resor avenue. This 870 - CINCINNATI—THE QUEEN CITY place was once part of the old Cassilly farm which extended as far east as the Zoo and as far south as Burnet woods. The father of Benjamin B. Whiteman was General Benjamin Whiteman, one of the pioneers of Ohio. He was born in Germantown, Pennsylvania, but moved to Washington, Kentucky, in 1790, and in 1798 settled in Greene county, Ohio. The country was unsettled and 'the Indians were still around, and the militia in those days was an important body of fighters. He was first an ensign and later became major general of the Fifth Division of the Ohio Militia. He was appointed one of the first three judges of Greene county in 1803, and Howe's Historical Collections give a picture of the first courthouse which was built by General Whiteman and consisted of a log cabin. In 1803 General Whiteman bought a farm about ten miles south of Springfield, just outside of the little hamlet of Clifton, in Greene county, and he built a substantial stone residence which was known in that section of the country as "The Stone Pile." General Whiteman was a friend of Simon Kenton and fought in many skirmishes with the Indians. He wrote a history of his experiences but they were given to some early historian and cannot. be traced. An extract in Howe's Historical Collections is all that can now be found. General Whiteman married Catharine Davis, daughter of Owen Davis. Benjamin B. Whiteman and Henrietta L. Cassilly had two children: Clara Whiteman, who married Benjamin F. Strader, son of Captain Jacob Strader; and Sophia B. Whiteman, who married Charles E. Smith, son of Richard Smith, at one time editor and proprietor of the Cincinnati Commercial Gazette. Five grandchildren survive Mr. Whiteman, John J. Strader, Benjamin W. Strader, Marshall Strader, Mrs. George W. Lewis (nee Clara Strader). and Whiteman E. Smith. GEORGE ASHTON. George Ashton is an active factor in manufacturing circles as the vice president and chief engineer of The Cincinnati Frog & Switch Company of Oakley. He was born in Manchester, England, and in 1884 crossed the Atlantic to the United States with his parents, Joseph and Mary Alice Ashton. The father, a builder by trade, was called to his final rest in 1900. George Ashton obtained his early education in the Cincinnati schools, later pursued a course in engineering at the Ohio Mechanics' Institute and then received special instruction in higher mathematics for two years. During his college days he was employed by the firm of Wood & Boyd, patent attorneys, acting as assistant draftsman for five years while he was studying. Following his graduation in 1893 he left the firm of Wood & Boyd to become a draftsman, acting in that capacity until 19m. In that year he went to Hamilton, Ohio, there spending five years with The American Frog & Switch Company. In 1908 he returned to the Queen City and organized The Cincinnati Frog & Switch Company in association with the present officers, who are as follows: Charles Partington, president ; and E. R. Heitzman, secretary and treasurer. They do special track work for steam and street railways and furnish employment to about CINCINNATI—THE QUEEN CITY - 871 fifty people. Their plant embraces thirty thousand feet of floor space and they own five acres of ground, intending to extend their holdings in the near future. The business has gradually grown in volume and importance until it is now one of extensive and profitable proportions. In 1898 Mr. Ashton was united in marriage to Miss Hetty F. Attig, of Cincinnati, by whom he had one son, Rolland C., who is now attending school. The wife and mother was called to her final rest in 1907. Mr. Ashton is a Royal Arch Mason and a worthy exemplar of the craft. His life has been one of industry and perseverance and the systematic and honorable business methods which he has followed have won him the confidence of many. HERBERT LORIN SHEPARD. Almost the first question that arises as one thinks of a man is concerning his business, in what line he is engaged, what methods he pursues and what results he attains, for it is agricultural, industrial, commercial or professional interests which chiefly occupy the time and attention of every man. On the list of the prosperous industrial enterprises of Cincinnati is found the name of the Shepard Lathe Company, of which Herbert Lorin Shepard is the proprietor. The business, now located at 131 West Second street, was established in 1873 on West Fifth and the Cincinnati, Hamilton & Dayton Railroad. It remained there for several years, when a removal was made to Elm street and Warnerford, Foley & Company were admitted to a partnership, the new firm being known as H. L. Shepard & Company, but in 1881 Mr. Shepard became sole owner of the business. A native of Stark county, Ohio, he was born at Massillon in 1838, a son of Gilbert Dwight and Elizabeth (Buss) Shepard. The mother was a daughter of Major Buss, a veteran of the war of 1812. She was born in Massachusetts but the father of our subject was a native of New York state whence he removed to Stark county, Ohio, '40sn early day. In the early '4os he. brought his family to Cincinnati and became owner of a foundry on Eastern avenue. In 1849, however, he disposed of his business interests in this city and went to California, attracted by the discovery of gold in that state. He did not meet with the success he anticipated, however, and later returned to Cincinnati, where he spent his remaining days, his death occurring in 1895, when he had reached the age of seventy-six years. His wife also passed away about the same time. In the schools of this city H. L. Shepard was educated and his early business training was here obtained. He was about thirty-five years of age when he established the industry of which he is now the head, and, as previously stated, in 1881 became sole proprietor of the business, at which time a removal was made to Front street, near the Gas Works. He went through the floods of 1883 and 1884 and then removed to the corner of Second and Front streets, where he continued until 1891, when he established his business at its present location, at No. 131 West Second street. At present he employs about twelve or fifteen people in building foot and power lathes, hand and power planers and shapers. His engine lathes now have a world-wide renown and are unexcelled by other manu- 872 - CINCINNATI—THE QUEEN CITY facturers. The excellence of this output is proven by the fact that he gives a guarantee with every lathe and makes a thorough test of it before it is sold. He manufactures various kinds of lathes with improvements which place them in a foremost rank, while the reasonable prices which he asks also secure him a liberal patronage. From all parts of the country he has received various comments from satisfied patrons and the business is steadily growing. Mr. Shepard possesses marked mechanical skill and ingenuity and his ability along mechanical lines has led to various improvements in the machines which he manufactures. His own knowledge enables him to carefully direct the efforts of others and the business has been so systematized that maximum results are now achieved through minimum effort that is the basis of all successful business undertakings. Soon after the outbreak of the Civil war, in 1861, Mr. Shepard responded to President Lincoln's first call for troops, becoming a member of the Fifth Ohio Volunteer Infantry, with which he served for three years and two months. This was the most famous regiment of the state and was composed of Cincinnati companies only, including the Continentals, the Zouaves, the Boxers, the Highlanders and the Printers. It was the only force that defeated Stonewall Jackson in the battle of Winchester, being then under command of General Shields, of Mexican war fame. They participated in many of the most important engagements of the war, including the battles of Gettysburg and Chancellorsville. For bravery on the field of battle this regiment surrendered to the ladies of Cincinnati their shattered colors and in return were presented a new set. When mustered out Mr. Shepard was holding the rank of sergeant. He was always found at his post of duty and his record as a soldier is one of which he may be justly proud. In 1869 Mr. Shepard was united in marriage to Miss Mary Catherine Pottorf, of Oneida, Ohio, and they became the parents of two children: Herbert G., who was born in 1871 and is now associated with his father in business; and Fannie, who became the wife of Professor Surdo of the Cincinnati schools and died August 1, 1911, leaving a daughter, Rosalind Surgo. For almost seventy years Mr. Shepard has resided in Cincinnati and has been an interested witness of its past growth and progress, while for almost forty years he has been an active factor in its industrial development. A. W. SEHN. A. W. Sehn, the well known proprietor of the New York Steam Dye Works at Cincinnati, was born near Frankfort-on-the-Main, Germany, in 1862, and is a son of Boniface and Katherine Sehn. Reared in the city of his birth, he pursued his education in the common schools and later supplemented the knowledge there acquired by study in the night classes of the technical school. In the meantime he spent three years in learning his trade in one of the oldest houses of that line in the city of Frankfort. Later he held a position as buyer with a firm making a specialty of manufacturing cashmere and ladies' cloth. He next went to France to study the application of aniline black on hosiery, at that CINCINNATI—THE QUEEN CITY - 873 time a new process and later brought to the highest perfection by the Hermsdorf Company of Germany, a name familiar to everybody demanding fast black hosiery. He next accepted a position with the firm of A. Levegus & Company, at that time the largest passementerie and drapery house in France, with branches at Brussels, Paris and Amsterdam, and employing about four thousand workmen. It was there that Mr. Sehn had the opportunity of acquiring a thorough knowledge of colors and fibers, their application and the experience of matching colors exact, for which he enjoys a reputation second to none among his colleagues and his large number of customers in Cincinnati and elsewhere. Returning to Germany, Mr. Sehn entered the army and served the required time. Feeling assured that America offered better possibilities for the pursuit of his trade, at the age of about twenty-three years he took passage for the United States. Upon his arrival in this country he first located in New Haven, Connecticut, remaining there for about six months. He next went to Scranton, Pennsylvania, where he spent a similar period, then came to Cincinnati. When he first came here he was employed as foreman at Walker's Dye House, continuing in their service until he engaged in business for himself. In common with every enterprising and ambitious young man he desired to have a place of his own, and with this thought in view he had applied himself industriously to mastering the details of the business as conducted in this country. Having been trained in habits of thrift from his early childhood he carefully laid aside a portion of his salary each week until in the early '90s he felt his means as well as his experience warranted his establishing a place of his own. He began in a very small way at Twelfth and Central avenue, where he was located for twelve years. His early experiences in conducting the business were very similar to those of every other man who founds an enterprise on limited capital, and his success is entirely dependent upon his efforts in promoting its development: 'There were the usual obstacles and difficulties to be encountered and overcome but these were entirely forgotten when the reaction set in and ultimately the business was firmly established on a paying basis with a nice class of regular patrons. About eight years ago Mr. Sehn erected his present fine plant at 411 Clark street, which stands as a monument to the perseverance and determination of purpose that enabled him to attain his ambition. The building is sixty by one hundred feet, with three stories and basement, constructed of stone and absolutely fire-proof. It is one of the best equipped plants of the kind in the city, being provided with every modern appliance and convenience that will expedite or improve the standard of the work. During the early years, Mr. Sehn only required the services of two or three employes, but his pay roll now has from eighteen to twenty names. The quality of their work is above question and they not only have a large city trade, but do business throughout the surrounding states. Mr. Sehn has spared neither trouble nor expense in the equipment of his present plant, the various departments being in charge of ex pert workmen, who in turn are under his personal supervision. It is his endeavor to inspect each piece of work that leaves the establishment and see that it not only reflects credit upon the business but will satisfy the customer. Mr. Sehn married Miss Caroline Trefzger, a daughter of Frank Trefzger, and they have one son, Walter, who is now engaged in business with his father. He is recognized as one of the highly efficient representatives of his trade and 874 - CINCINNATI—THE QUEEN CITY is a member of the National Dyers and Cleaners Association, through the medium of which he maintains relations with the other followers of the business. Much credit must be given to Mr. Sehn for his achievement as it has been the result of his own unaided effort, such influence or capital as has been used in promoting his industry having been acquired through his personal endeavors. EPHRAIM ROBERT BLAINE. In a history of those men the potency of whose efforts has constituted a most forceful factor in the development of business and the extension of trade relations in Cincinnati, Ephraim Robert Blaine deserves prominent mention. His individual interests were those of the Blaine-Thompson Company, of which he was president. For many years, however, he was particularly active as a member of the Cincinnati Commercial Association and thus contributed directly to the constant expansion of the business interests, of this metropolis of the Ohio Valley. His record was at all times an honorable one and constitutes a most creditable chapter in the history of a distinguished family. He was a son of Samuel Lyon Blaine, who was born at Washington, Pennsylvania, in 1809, and Samuel L. Blaine's brother Ephraim was the father of Hon. James G. Blaine, who was a first cousin of our subject. James Blaine, the grandfather of our subject, was a son of General Ephraim Blaine, one of the trusted officers under General Washington during the Revolutionary war. Official record shows that he was appointed commissary of the Eighth Pennsylvania Regiment, October 17, 1776. He performed his duties so efficiently that he was advanced to the office of commissary of supplies for the Continental army April 1, 1777. On August 6, 1777, he was made deputy commissary general of purchases. This position he held until January 1, 1780, when he was promoted to the office of commissary general of purchases and so continued until the close of the war, July 24, 1782. He was a man of unsullied integrity and marked business ability and his services were deeply appreciated by General -Washington and other leaders of the Revolution. Samuel Lyon Blaine, the father of our subject, took up his residence at Maysville, Kentucky, in 1838, and in 1840 was married to Miss Anna Coons of Lexington, Kentucky. He was United States assessor of the ninth district of Kentucky from the time the office was created, in 1861, until it was abolished, in 1873, and proved highly capable and efficient in the discharge of large responsibilities. Ephraim Robert Blaine was born in Peoria, Illinois, November 23, 1858, and at Rosemont Academy at Maysville, Kentucky, acquired his early education. After leaving school he entered the United States internal revenue service with which he was connected for nineteen years. He served in the seventh and ninth districts of Kentucky as deputy, chief deputy and acting collector, under seven different administrations, being a large part of that, time in the seventh district. While at all times he proved most capable in public office it was in the field of business that he won wider renown and greater success. In the early '90s he became associated in the advertising business with John Brisbane Walker, formerly connected with the Cosmopolitan' Magazine who built a model plant at CINCINNATI—THE QUEEN CITY - 877 Irvington-on-the-Hudson, New York. He acted as advertising manager for the Cosmopolitan and continued in that connection until he came to Cincinnati. where he was employed for several years as manager of the Procter & Collier Company. About 1901 he organized the Blaine-Thompson Company, advertising agents. The business developed steadily along safe and conservative lines and grew to large and gratifying proportions. A man of indefatigable industry and clear discernment in business, Mr. Blaine widely extended his sphere of usefulness during recent years and added to the prosperity of those whom he represented. He was public-spirited and patriotic in citizenship and possessed sterling qualities which made for him many friends. His record is one of which all who knew him may be proud and reflects credit upon the family name which he bore. On the 9th of January, 1884, Mr. Blaine was united in marriage, at Maysville, Kentucky, to Miss Frances Browning Owens, a daughter of Frank S. and Mary P. (Browning) Owens. The father was for many years head of a leading eastern Kentucky wholesale hardware house, with heavy interests in iron and steel, and served on the staff of Governors Luke P. Blackburn and Proctor Knott. He was a well educated man of refinement and culture. Mrs. Blaine received her education at Miss Nourse's and Miss Armstrong's schools in Cincinnati and is a grandniece of Mrs. Robert Buchanan of Cincinnati, whose husband was a prominent man in civic affairs two generations ago and was one of the founders of Spring Grove cemetery. Having been for fifty years a resident of Clifton, his home, "Green Hill," has been visited by many well known and distinguished people from abroad and this country. Mr. Blaine was always in thorough sympathy with the principles of the Republican party and was an active worker in its behalf. While a resident of Kentucky he was a candidate on the republican state ticket in 1892 for clerk of the court of appeals. Religiously he was identified with the Mount Auburn Presbyterian church and in the various relations of life always stood for progress. He found pleasant companionship in the Automobile Club, the Advertisers Club, the Pelee Club and in the Cincinnati Chapter of the Sons of the American Revolution. He also held membership in the Business Men's Club and was at the time of his death a member of the board of directors of the Cincinnati Commercial Association and its second vice president. In the absence of President George F. Dieterle in Europe in May and June, 1911, Mr. Blaine acted as president of the association, during which time the "whirlwind" campaign was conducted. He was deeply interested in the work of the organization and was untiring in its 'behalf. He acted as chairman of the publicity committee and a member of the industrial committee. He took much interest in the trade excursions to West Virginia and worked with the committees in making personal calls on business houses in trying to interest them in the trip. Immediately after the excursion he entered upon the "big membership" campaign, during which time Mr. Blaine gave several weeks of his time to the solicitation of members and then with the conclusion of that work undertook the task of raising funds for the Fernbank Dam Association as chairman of the ways and means committee. His labors during the summer were very strenuous but he never counted the cost to himself and at times actually sacrificed his private business affairs to the good of the city. He was a lover of music, as is his wife, and they were familiar figures at the May festivals and Symphony concerts. Mrs. Blaine Vol. IV-43 878 - CINCINNATI—THE QUEEN CITY is also connected with the Matinee Musicale, being one of its founders and organizers and at present serves as corresponding secretary. Mr. Blaine enjoyed those things which take from the stress of business life—music, art, literature and all those things which ennoble and uplift, and his influence was ever on the side of advancement while his labors for improvement were always of a practical and resultant character. Death came to him very suddenly on the 17th day of October, 1911. Something of his standing in business circles is indicated by the following resolutions which were passed by the Cincinnati Commercial Association : "WHEREAS, There has been removed by death Mr. E. R. Blaine, a director of this association and one of its vice presidents ; "BE IT RESOLVED, That the board of directors as a method of expressing their sense of loss and their appreciation of the work of Mr. Blaine, hereby adopt and order spread on the records and sent to Mr. Blaine's family the following minute and brief memorial of his work : "Mr. E. R. Blaine was a man who could not enter into any affair half way. The whole force of his tremendous energy was therefore thrown into his work on behalf of the Commercial Association, which was thus in itself a work on behalf of the city of Cincinnati—his home. Mr. Blaine was ever ready with suggestion or advice, and to his thoughtful mind can be attributed many of the things accomplished by the Association in its work. As the head of some of the most important committees and finally as acting president of the Association during the period of its transition from an organization of less than three hundred to a powerful machine for good in the city's work numbering upwards of five times as many members, Mr. Blaine's tireless efforts and endless capacity for work counted for the upbuilding of Cincinnati's name and reputation and for the united effort toward her advancement more than can be estimated. "Mr. Blaine's death was a shock from which the Association and the officers and members thereof will not soon recover, and the loss to the city is a grievous one. His personality was such as speedily converted his acquaintances into close friends. His good humor and uniform courtesy never left him and to be in his society was indeed a privilege." It is such qualities as Mr. Blaine possessed that make the treasures which we hold above gold and gems, the treasures of friendship and memory. The universality -of his friendships interpret for us his intellectual hospitality and the breadth of his smypathy, for nothing was foreign to him that concerned his fellows. FREDERICK LUNKENHEIMER. America is accorded leadership in the industrial arts. Invention and manufacture have given her preeminence in this direction and among the enterprises which have contributed to her reputation is that which was founded and conducted by Frederick Lunkenheimer under the name of the Lunkenheimer Company for the manufacture of brass and iron engineering specialties. He built up an establishment that overtopped any undertaking of similar character not CINCINNATI—THE QUEEN CITY - 879 only in this country but in Europe. The main features of his splendid business career it is now the duty of the historian to set forth, that the record of his life may have its place upon history and serve as a source of inspiration, encouragement and interest to others. Mr. Lunkenheimer was born at Ingelheim on the Rhine, Germany, October 24, 1825. After attending school there he began to learn the brass finisher's and brass moulder's trade and when nineteen years of age he started for New York with a friend by the name of Harth. For a few years he was employed at his trade in the eastern metropolis and then went to New Orleans, where he opened a small shop and engaged in the manufacture of sewing-machine needles and other small articles, but after a brief residence in the Crescent city he contracted yellow fever. His associates despaired of his life but there came a crisis in the disease and he began to improve. He then started for New York by steamboat, making his way up the Mississippi and Ohio rivers. On the trip he had all of his possessions stolen save the clothing which he wore, and without funds he was obliged to stop at Cincinnati. It is oftentimes the seemingly trivial incidents or frequently what seems disaster that proves the first step on the high road to fortune. Without money or friends, Mr. Lunkenheimer's situation seemed a difficult and discouraging one, but, forced to remain over in Cincinnati, the city gained one of its leading business men and he found the opportunity which in the course of years brought him prosperity in large measure. He first secured work in the Miles Greenwood factory, where his industry and ability won him promotion until he became superintendent. He was connected with the firm until 1862, when he started in business for himself on Seventh street near the present offices of the Lunkenheimer Company. He had carefully saved his earnings until his capital was sufficient to enable him to start out for himself on a small scale. The growth of the business afterward necessitated the removal to Lodge street, near Fountain Square, but later he moved to Eighth street, erecting there an extensive plant which he continued to operate until the time of his death. Along substantial lines the business was developed and extended until Mr. Lunkenheimer found himself at the head of the largest engineering specialty manufactory in the world. The company manufactures superior brass and iron specialties and the name has become a familiar one throughout mechanical circles. The business, founded in 1862, was incorporated by Mr. Lunkenheimer in 1889 and was reorganized in 1893. It has a paid-up capital of two million dollars. Stores are maintained in New York, Chicago and Boston, and its agents and special representatives are found in nearly all of the cities of the United States. Its shipments go to many foreign countries in fact there is no part of the civilized world where modern machinery is used, that the output of the Lunkenheimer Company is not known. His son Edmund deserves much credit in connection with the upbuilding of this extensive industrial concern, for he took ,full charge when twenty-five years of age and gave evidence of strong will-power, keen discrimination and notable business acumen in carrying out his father's ideas and in enlarging the business. In 1884 Mr. Lunkenheimer erected a handsome residence on Luray avenue, Walnut Hills, where his widow now resides. He was married in Cincinnati on the 29th of April, 1855, to Miss Louisa Henrietta Meyer, who was born in 880 - CINCINNATI—THE QUEEN CITY this city and is a daughter of Ludolf H. and Sarah M. Meyer. Her father, who became one of the first German Lutheran ministers of Cincinnati, was born at Lueneburg, in the kingdom of Hanover, Germany, where he attended school and afterward engaged in merchandising, following that business until about thirty years of age, when he crossed the Atlantic to the United States. It was his desire to become a minister of the gospel and while still in Europe he began his studies, which he continued after arriving in New York. Later he went to Philadelphia, where he was assigned to his first pastorate and subsequently he came to Cincinnati to take charge of the German Lutheran church, situated on Broadway, between Third and Fourth streets. He was thus closely identified with the early moral development and progress of the city and left his impress upon the religious thought and activity of that clay. He was married in Cincinnati, in August, 1823, to Miss Sarah M. Dressel, and after spending about twelve years in this city he accepted a call from a church at New Bremen, Ohio, where he lived until his death on the 10th of September, 1839. While there he filled the position of postmaster, also practicing medicine and engaging in preaching. In fact he did almost everything demanded in a new .community. He was born July 21, 1780, and was therefore fifty-nine years of age at the time of his demise. His wife, who was a native of New York, was born February 20, 1808, and passed away in Cincinnati in 1879. Unto their marriage were born four children : Herman A., deceased ; Louisa, the widow of Mr. Lunkenheimer ; Amelia, the deceased wife of Nicholas Meyer; and Nicholas H., also deceased. Mr. and Mrs. Lunkenheimer were the parents of seven children: Albert Carl, Ella, Edmund, Ottilie, Maria Louise, Carl Frederick and Clara. Two of these, Albert Carl and Ottilie, died in infancy. Ella became the wife of Dr. Schaefer, a sketch of whom appears elsewhere in this work. Dr. Schaefer died in 1891, leaving a son, Hans Frederick. Edmund married twice, his first wife being Edith Hodgson and they had one son, Eshelby Frederick, who married Helen Patterson of Denver. His second wife is Nellie Bryant. Maria Louise died in 1891. Carl Frederick married twice, his first wife being Alice Bartlett, by whom he had three children : Frederick; Frances Louise; and Carl Bartlett, who died when four years of age. His second wife was Clara Bartlett. Carl Lunkenheimer died in Pasadena, California, in July, 1908. Clara is the widow of Marshal Halstead, son of Mr. Murat Halstead, the distinguished writer and journalist. The death of Mr. Lunkenheimer occurred April 15, 1889, when he was in the sixty-fourth year of his age, and Cincinnati lost thereby a citizen of marked value, who had made for himself a most prominent position not alone by reason of his success in business but also owing to the straightforward methods he ever followed and the fact that his enterprise contributed so largely to the industrial activity and prosperity of the city. Moreover, he was well known in other connections. He belonged to the Masonic fraternity and the German Literary Society and took much interest in politics although he would never accept office. He was also active in the work of the German Evangelical church and was a member of the German Crematory Association. He acted with the commission of fifty men appointed to investigate the affairs of the city and he took great interest in everything pertaining to the welfare, improvement and progress of CINCINNATI—THE QUEEN CITY - 881 Cincinnati. Mr. Lunkenheimer, however, spent much of his time outside of business hours with his family and his interests centered in his own home. There he found his greatest happiness in ministering to the wants and wishes of members of his own household. He was always loyal in his friendships and his circle of friends was only limited by the circle of his acquaintance. His life illustrates splendidly the opportunities that are before young men in America and proves what may be accomplished when determination and energy are the guiding forces in a business career. GEORGE DENT CRABBS. Throughout his entire connection with business life, George Dent Crabbs has been associated with the Philip Carey Manufacturing Company, of which he is now the president and general manager. His advancement to this position has followed an orderly progression through intermediate positions from that of a clerkship to his present place of executive authority and administrative control. His fidelity, his capability, his enterprise and his progressiveness have been salient features in the success of this growing concern, which is one of the largest of the kind in the world, devoted to the manufacture of asbestos, insulating and asphalt materials, roofing products, asbestos theater curtains and many other products made from asbestos and magnesia. Mr. Crabbs had just finished his education when he entered the employ of the company. He was born at Decatur, Adams county, Indiana, January 22, 1875. His father, David Crabbs, also a native of that state, was for many years engaged in merchandising, in Decatur and was classed among the representative business men of that city: He owned large hickory forests in the state and upon the organization of the company and the building of the Chicago & Fort Wayne Railroad, he furnished the ties that were used in the construction of a large part of the original portion of that road, taking his pay in stock. He was one of the old and honored residents of Decatur, but several years prior to his death, moved to Ohio. In early manhood he wedded Mary L. Dent, a native of Indiana, and a daughter of George A. Dent, of Indiana, who was the youngest son of Joseph Dent, who came from Yorkshire, England, to the new world. At an early day George A. Dent removed westward, settling in Decatur, Indiana, where he engaged in farming and spent the remainder of his days. His daughter Mrs. Crabbs is now in her seventy-third year and resides at Hartwell, near Cincinnati. In the public schools of Moscow, Clermont county, Ohio, George D. Crabbs largely gained his education, although for a time he was a student in the public school at Blue Ash, this state, and also pursued a business course in Cincinnati. On its completion he entered the service of the Philip Carey Manufacturing Company as a clerk and later was advanced to the position of bookkeeper when still but a boy in his teens. He was only eighteen years of age when he was chosen secretary of the company, and when twenty-one he was made vice president and general manager. About fourteen years ago, soon after the death of Philip 'Carey, he became president of the firm and has since remained at its head. This company was organized in 1873 and incorporated in 1888, with Philip 882 - CINCINNATI--THE QUEEN CITY Carey as president and general manager. Their first plant was located on Broadway, but owing to the small space which they could there secure, they afterward removed to larger quarters on Gilbert avenue, where in 1893 their entire plant was destroyed by fire. The following year their new plant at Lockland was built. The company chose a splendid site, giving ample space for the growth and development of the concern and if the business keeps pace in the future with what has been done in the past, the company will ultimately need all of the seventy-five acres of ground which it acquired. The buildings today cover about twenty-five acres and are of fire proof construction. This concern is probably the largest of the kind in the world engaged in the manufacture of asbestos and insulating materials, roofing products, asphalt materials, asbestos specialties, such as theater curtains and many other products made from asbestos and magnesia. The company also has another plant at Plymouth Meeting, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, which is under the same management. The business has grown along substantial lines ; the policy of the house has extended its trade relations and its products are today sent to all parts of the world. On the 25th of November, 1897, in Cincinnati, Mr. Crabbs was united in marriage to Miss Nancy Norma Harris, of this city. Theirs is an attractive and hospitable home. Both attend the Avondale Episcopal church and Mr. Crabbs is in his political views a republican where national issues are involved but at local elections votes independently of party ties, considering only the capability of the candidate who desires office. He is well known in club and social circles not only in Cincinnati but also in New York. In the latter city he holds membership in the City Club, the Chemical Club and the Drug and Chemical Club. He was one of the organizers of the Cincinnati Commercial Association and he belongs also to the Queen City Business Men's, Manufacturers, Cincinnati Automobile and .Hamilton County Golf Clubs. The interests in his life are evenly balanced forces, his social activities constituting that even adjustment which prevents the complete absorption of interests and effort into business resulting in a one-sided development. V. N. DEVOU. V. N. Devou, a well known and prosperous business man of Cincinnati, is the president of the V. N. Devou Supply Company, dealers in hardware, machinists' supplies and tools, at Nos. 506-508 Central avenue. He was born in this city on the 3d of April, 1865, and attended school until thirteen years of age, when he entered the employ of the T. & A. Pickering Hardware Company. Throughout his entire business career he has been identified with one line of activity and has become thoroughly familiar with the business in all of its branches. In 1897 he established his present enterprise at No. 408 Plum street but shortly afterward removed to the location which he now occupies. The V N. Devou Supply Company was incorporated on the 1st of January, 1908, and the officers are as follows : V. N. Devou, president ; H. F. Smith, vice president ; and F. H. Miller, secretary and treasurer. This is an exclusive supply house, handling a full line of machinists' tools, manufacturers' supplies, and CINCINNATI—THE QUEEN CITY - 883 articles of a similar nature. In all of his business dealings Mr. Devou has been straightforward and energetic, and has conducted his affairs with the strictest regard to a high standard of commercial ethics. As a companion and helpmate on the journey of life Mr. Devou chose Miss Anna Oldewage, of Cincinnati. He is especially well known in fraternal circles, having attained the thirty-second degree of the Scottish Rite in Masonry. He also belongs to the Mystic Shrine and is eminent commander of Hanselmann Commandery, No. 16, K. T. His salient characteristics are such as are worthy of emulation and have gained for him the respect and goodwill of a large circle of warm friends in the city where his entire life has been spent. CHRISTIAN MATTHEW LOTZE. A member of the Hamilton county bar for thirty-eight years, Christian Matthew Lotze can claim a remarkably wide acquaintance with practice of the law, and the high esteem in which he is held by his brother attorneys and the people of Cincinnati is evidence of his ability and personal worth. He is a native of Cincinnati and was born near the foot of Jackson street in 1851, a son of Adolphus and Magdalene (Bering) Lotze. The father was born in Hanover, Germany. At the age of eighteen he came to America and worked at his trade as tinner in Baltimore, Philadelphia and Pittsburg. In 1831 he arrived at Cincinnati and engaged in business at the southeast corner of Fifth and Vine streets, where the Wiggins block now stands. Mr. Lotze built the first hot air furnace west of the Alleghany mountains, which he installed in 1839, and received a patent upon his system of hot air heating. He was prominently identified with the Independent Order of Odd Fellows and was also a member of the Lutheran church. The mother of our subject emigrated to America from Landau, Bavaria, with seven brothers and six sisters when she was fifteen years of age and came to Cincinnati from New York city via the Erie canal and overland from Buffalo. She was a daughter of Balthazar Bering, one of the secretaries of Napoleon Bonaparte, and was a descendant of the celebrated navigator Bering who discovered Bering strait. The name was originally Von Bering but the "von" was dropped when members of the family became connected with Napoleon in revolutionary times. Christian M. Lotze received his preliminary education in the public schools and subsequently became a student at Woodward high school, from which he was graduated in 1869. Having decided to devote his attention to the legal profession, he began the study of law under Hon. Stanley Matthews, who was judge of the common pleas court of Hamilton county and later was United States senator and justice of the supreme court of the United States. Mr. Lotze attended lectures at the Cincinnati Law School and was graduated in 1871, with the degree of LL. B. He was too young for admission to the bar at the time of his graduation and he pursued his studies further in Europe, entering I eipsic University in October. 1871, Heidelberg University in May, 1872, and the University of Berlin in October, 1872, thus coming into contact with many of the great scholars and teachers of the world. In September 1873, he 884 - CINCINNATI—THE QUEEN CITY returned to Cincinnati and was admitted to the bar, entering the law office of Stallo & Kittredge. He continued with this firm until June, 1875, when he formed a partnership with Albert Bettinger under the title of Lotze & Bettinger, with offices in the. Third National Bank building. This partnership w1880,intained until October, 188o, when Mr. Bettinger withdrew and Mr. Lotze has since practiced alone. He has maintained his office in the Wiggins building, being the first attorney to move from Eighth to Fifth street. He is an earnest and indefatigable worker, an able advocate and counselor and has been identified with much of the important litigation in the county, state and federal courts. As he is a good reasoner and a clear and convincing speaker, he has won many causes even when pitted against recognized leaders of the bar. In 1876 Mr. Lotze made a second trip to Europe in order to fulfill an engagement upon which he had entered in 1871, and was married to Emma Magdalene Lotze, a daughter of William Lotze, of Hanover, Germany. The father was a relative of Professor Rudolph Herman Lotze, a noted German philosopher and p1881ist who died at Berlin in 188i. To this union two children have been born : Edmund William, of this city ; and Erna, who is a teacher in the public schools and is also a teacher of German, French and Spanish in the Young Women's Christianotzeation. Politically Mr. Lotze has from the time of reaching manhood given his 'support to the democratic party. He was a candidate for member of the school board but was defeated. He also was a candidate upon the democratic ticket for state senator at a time when the entire democratic ticket was defeated. He has taken a prominent part in seven different reform movements and has been very active and efficient in work which has resulted in direct benefit to the city. He has never been connected with any fraternal or religious organization but is a member of the Hamilton County Bar Association and is also identified with the Cincinnati Cremation Society, which he assisted in organizing in 1884, Clemens A. Nulsen being one of his associates in this undertaking. He was for a number of years an active member of the German Literary Club. Having been thoroughly equipped for his profession, he has been eminently successful and has long been known as a learned and able member of the bar. In matters of citizenshp he has ever been loyal and public-spirited and he is fully entitled to the high esteem in which he is held by the community where he has been known from his boyhood. ANTHONY DAVIS BULLOCK. Anthony Davis Bullock, always known by the honorary title of colonel, was for many years a distinguished figure in Cincinnati. The breadth of his affairs, his activity and support of progressive public projects and his interest in all that pertained to the welfare of his fellowmen, were so marked as to give him place with the leading citizens and gain for him the honor and respect that is accorded in recognition of superior ability directed for the benefit of others as well as for self. He was born in Philadelphia, October 2, 1824, and his life record cov1890.the intervening years to 1890. The public schools of his native city afforded him his educational privileges and at the age of seventeen he started CINCINNATI—THE QUEEN CITY - 885 westward, making his home for a time in Pittsburg, Pennsylvania. After about a year, however, he came to Cincinnati and turned his attention to the wool business, consigning his purchases to his father's firm in Philadelphia. In the interests of the business he traveled extensively throughout the Ohio valley and, noting its opportunities and natural resources, became a firm believer in its future development and upbuilding. In business he operated alone for a time and then formed a partnership with Henry Lewis under the style of A. D. Bullock & Company. Their business grew rapidly, both in volume and importance, and for many years Colonel Bullock occupied a position as one of the most representative and successful business men of this city. Into various channels he directed his energies as the years passed and his labors were always of a character that contributed to public prosperity as well as to individual success. He was very deeply interested in the city of his adoption and sought its welfare and development along many lines. It is said that every business undertaking of a public character in this city owes something to his business judgment. He was among the pioneer railway builders here and until the day of his death was a director and for some years president of the organization which controlled this great public utility. He also became an active promoter in the projects and building of the various street railway lines connecting this city with Covington, Newport and suburban towns. With remarkable prescience he seemed to recognize the value and worth of an enterprise and in many ways anticipated the needs that arose with the growth of the city. Because of his ability in that direction he became one of the founders of the telephone system and was also president of the City & Suburban Telegraph Association. For more than a quarter of a century he was one of the directors of the Cincinnati Gas Light & Coke Company, its board of directors in the resolutions of respect passed at the time of his death naming him as "the last of the old guard, Torrence, Mills, Wilshire, Bugher, Shillito, Hinkle, Burton, West and Springer, who so devotedly served its interests in hours of adversity as well as in its years of prosperity." In the field of insurance Colonel Bullock directed his energies and for sixteen years prior to his death was a member of the board of directors of the Firemen's Insurance Company and for an equal period served with the directorate of the Little Miami Railroad Company. His labors constituted a valuable element in the promotion of the Lafayette National Bank, of which he was a director and one of the large stock-holders. He never allied his interests with any questionable enterprise and his business integrity remained unsullied throughout the long years of his active connection with the commercial and business development of the city. He gave substantial evidence of his patriotic spirit at the time of the Civil war through the valuable service which he rendered to the Union cause by contributing both time and money in its furtherance. Almost at the outset of the war there was great complaint concerning the quantity of clothing purchased by the state for the soldiers. This led Governor Denison to call upon Colonel Bullock's expert knowledge and in July, t861, he was appointed commissary assistant of subsistence with the rank of captain and from that time, acting as assistant quartermaster of the state, he took charge of all purchases made by the state which resulted in the cessation of complaints. At a later period he was 886 - CINCINNATI—THE QUEEN CITY helpfully interested in the work of the sanitary commission to which he made liberal contributions of funds. He .also served for a tim.e as provost marshal of the city during the period of the threatened invasion of the south. It was as a result of all of these services that he received from Governor Denison the title of colonel by which he was ever afterward known. In 1853 Colonel Bullock was united in marriage to Miss Sarah Wilson, a daughter of James Wilson, long a distinguished citizen of Cincinnati. They had two sons, James Wilson and George Bullock. The death of the husband and father occurred October 3, 1890, when he was sixty-six years of age. He had erected for himself and family a handsome residence in Vernonville which was justly celebrated for its warm-hearted hospitality. It was the place of entertainment of many prominent men of the land, including three presidents of the United States. His summer home was maintained at Williamstown, Massachusetts, in the midst of the Berkshire hills, and he found great delight in outdoor life, coming into closest communion with nature. He would never consent, to accept public office yet constantly served the community in some private capacity, entering largely into the life and progress of the city. A judicial investment which he made in real estate in the early days constituted in time a source of gratifying 'wealth and enabled him to extend his business interests not only in Cincinnati but elsewhere. His worth as a citizen can hardly be overrated and he is indeed well named among the promoters and builders of Cincinnati. ALOIS ZECKENDORF. For the past seventeen years Alois Zeckendorf has been superintendent of manufactory of The Fleischmann Company, located at 419 to 427 Plum street. He was born in Prague, Bohemia, on the 23d of October, 1865, and is a son of the late Siegfried and Rose Zeckendorf. The father passed away in 1898, at the age of sixty-eight years, but the mother still survives and continues to make her home in Prague. In the acquirement of his education Alois Zeckendorf attended the schools of his native city and the universites of Prague, Munich, Germany, and Zurich, Switzerland, the latter institution conferring upon him the degree of Ph. D. In 1892 he came to the United States to take the position of chemist with The Fleischmann Company of New York city. After serving in this capacity for eighteen months the firm having recognized that he was a man of unusual abil-ity, transferred him to the Cincinnati plant as superintendent. He has made excellent progress during the period of his identification with the company and is also a director of the Cincinnati Horse Shoe & Iron Company. Chicago was the Scene of the marriage of Mr. Zeckendorf and Miss Hedwig Wintritz, their union being solemnized on the 27th of December, 1908. Mrs. Zeckendorf is a daughter of Mr. and Mrs. Victor Wintritz of Strassburg, Germany. Since a right of franchise as a citizen of the United States has been granted Mr. Zeckendorf, he has given his political support to the candidates of the repub- CINCINNATI - THE QUEEN CITY- 887 lican party. Fraternally he is affiliated with the Masonic order, having taken the degrees of the blue lodge, and he also belongs to the Benevolent Protective Order of Elks. He is a member of the Cincinnati Business Men's Club and the Chamber of Commerce of which he was one of the directors until 190igo55 is a resident of Avondale, his home being located at No. no Rn0geway avenue. HARRY E. HART. Harry E. Hart, who is the manager and treasurer of the American Vaudeville Company, which has its headquarters in Cincinnati, is a native resident of this city, born October 20, zo18. The father, Edward Hart, a well known woolen inspector, was born in London, England. Harry E. Hart received his early education in the public schools of Cincinnati, but at the age of fourteen put aside the duties of the school room and started out in life of his own accord. He was employed in the electrical business for the first two years, and then became an advertisement writer for several large firms, remaining in that employment for six years. Subsequently he became an expert inspector of raw wool for the Smythe-Asher Company at Salem, Massachusetts, remaining with that company for one and a half years. He then became connected with vaudeville work, and traveled for one season as manager of the company. Afterwards he opened up a booking office in New York and one in Chicago, and is now operating twenty-one houses in different parts of the country. Also he is now the capable manager and treasurer of the American Vaudeville Company, which has its headquarters in Cincinnati. Fraternally he is a Mason, belonging to the lodge in New York city. Also he is a member of the Knights of Pythias, Cincinnati, and belongs to the Cuvier Press Club, and also to the Laughery Club. In his political views he has always supported the measures of the Independent party. Mr. Hart has gained much success as a vaudeville manager, and as a business man he has displayed many sterling traits, not the least of which are close application and unfaltering industry. He is a strong man of excellent judgment, fair in his views, and highly honorable in his relations with his fellowmen. GORDON REIS. Gordon Reis, who for the past four years has been identified with the banking firm of Seasongood & Mayer, is a native of this city and a son of Julius and Julia (Seasongood) Reis. The father, who has been engaged in the banking btisbusinessCincinnati for more than a quarter of a century, was born in Baden, Germany, on the 6th of January, 1841. He spent the first fifteen years of his life in the land of his nativity, where he acquired his education. At the expiration of that period he emigrated to the United States, and during the first five years of his residence in this country was identified with the business interests of Columbus, Georgia. From there he removed to Cincinnati, where for a time 888 - CINCINNATI—THE QUEEN CITY he was engaged in the general merchandise business with his brother Samuel, under the firm name of Reis Brothers. He severed his connection with this enterprise in 1882, and after being out of business for about five years became associated with Seasongood & Mayer in the establishment of the house with which he has ever since been connected. This company was incorporated in 1887 and was comprised of A. J. Seasongood, Charles Mayer and Julius Reis. The corporation was the outgrowth of the old banking firm of Seasongood Sons & Company, who disposed of their business to the Equitable National Bank. In reality the company was originally founded in 1855 under the name of Seasongood, Neller & Company, which name was subsequently changed to Seasongood Sons & Company. The present firm being really an outgrowth of the company established fifty-six years ago, it is the oldest concern of the kind in the city and deals exclusively in conservative bonds. Mr. Reis became more closely connected with the house of Seasongood through his marriage to Miss Julia, a daughter of Jacob Seasongood. The father of Mrs. Reis was one of the pioneer clothing manufacturers of Cincinnati, who during the war was awarded contracts by the government for supplying uniforms and also blankets to the recruits. Of the marriage of Mr. and Mrs. Reis there have been born six children : Lillie, the wife of Dr. Sigmund Stark; Ella, who became the wife of Dr. O. W. Stark; Mrs. I. Stern, of Rochester, New York ; Sophie ; Gordon, our subject; and James J., who was graduated from Cornell University following which he entered the firm of Seasongood & Mayer, of which he has been a member for the past four years. Mr. Reis has always taken an active interest in all affairs of the municipality, according his political support to the democratic party. He was president of the board of aldermen for five terms and was a member of that body for sixteen or seventeen years. Gordon Reis was reared in this city and at the usual age entered the public schools where he acquired his education. When he had completed his high-school course he began his business career with the firm of which he is now a member under the capable supervision of his father. Having given evidence of possessing marked ability in the line of his chosen vocation he was taken into the company four years ago, and is now a member of the corporation. For his wife Mr. Reis chose Miss Winifred Mosier, a daughter of William Mosler, vice president and treasurer of The Mosier Safe Company, and they have become the parents of two sons, Gordon, Jr., and Thomas. ANDREW M. BRAUN. The public schools and the business college equipped Andrew M. Braun for the practical duties of life and then, entering commercial circles, he became connected with the business of which he is now senior partner, for as a member of the firm of Braun & Kipp he owns and operates a hay and grain elevator at the southeast corner of Sixth and Evans, streets. He has been one of the proprietors in the undertaking since 1896 and his present position in the business world indicates his steady rise through close application and well directed energy. He was born in Cincinnati, November 4, 1877, and is a son of Leopold and Magdalene CINCINNATI—THE QUEEN CITY - 889 Braun. The family is of German lineage and the father came from Germany, his native country, to America about 1850. For a considerable period he was engaged in the wholesale and retail meat business in Cincinnati, where he died in 1900 at the age of seventy-two years, his remains being laid to rest in the family burial lot in St. Bernard cemetery. Mrs. Braun is still a resident of this City. At the usual age Andrew M. Braun began his education as a public-school student, devoting his attention to the mastery of the branches of learning that constitute the common-school curriculum until his sixteenth year. He afterward attended a business college from which he was graduated and then secured employment in connection with the hay and grain elevator business, of which he is now one of the proprietors. He made it his purpose to master the trade in every particular and his capability and faithfulness to those whom he represented won him promotion and increased salary until he became one of the partners in the business. The firm today employs fifteen men and the elevator has a capacity of thirty thousand bushels of grain and fifty carloads of hay and straw. They enjoy a large local trade and also ship to some extent. On the 3oth of April, 1900, in Cincinnati, Mr. Braun was married to Miss Frieda Forn, a daughter of the late August Forn, who died in February, 1910. Her mother, Mrs. Catharine Forn, still resides in this city. Mr. and Mrs. Braun had a daughter Florence, now a pupil in the public schools. Mr. Braun belongs to the Commercial Club and also to the Chamber of Commerce, and is interested in the various projects of those organizations for the development of trade interests. He and his family reside at No. 833 Suire avenue, Price Hill, where he erected an attractive home in 1909, that is one of the visible evidences of his well spent life and his success in the business world. SIMON P. EGAN. The manufacture of machinery has grown to very large proportions in Cincinnati and other business centers of the country and has called for the investment of many millions of dollars. The men in charge of these great enterprises are experts and not only keep thoroughly informed as to the very best devices in their special lines but are also awake as to the demands of a rapidly increasing trade throughout a large territory. It requires talent and practical business ability to carry forward successfully a great manufacturing concern and both of these desirable qualities are possessed in generous measure by the gentleman whose name stands at the head of this sketch. He is a native of Hamilton, Canada, born September 17, 1860, a son of Patrick Egan. He secured his early education under tutors and subsequently attended the grammar schools of Toronto, Canada. Immediately upon leaving school he began to learn mechanical drawing and applied himself for five years to this work. At the end of the time named he entered the service of the Grand Trunk Railway as clerk and advanced through various positions, passing to that of chief clerk. He was appointed general supervisor of the machinery plant and later was made assistant to the trade agent of the Grand Trunk system. 890 - CINCINNATI—THE QUEEN CITY He continued with the railway company six years and then, believing that larger opportunities awaited in the United States, he came to Cincinnati and has made his home in this city since 1886. Here he secured a position as a purchasing agent with the Egan Company, manufacturers of wood working machinery, and displayed such a thorough knowledge of the business that lie was promoted to the position of superintendent. Subsequently this company was absorbed by the Fay Company and the title was changed to the J. A. Fay & Egan Company, Mr. Egan being elected vice president and general superintendent. Subsequently he became first vice president and general manager, which positions he now occupies. He has shown rare ability in advancing the efficiency of departments under his charge and is recognized as one of the most skilled men in the country along lines to which he has devoted his attention. He takes great interest in the promotion of industries located in Cincinnati or its environs and is a valued member of the Industrial Bureau. He has served as president of that body and is now chairman of the executive committee. In 1886, at Hamilton, Canada, Mr. Egan was married to Miss M. A. Lawless, a daughter of John Lawless. Her parents are still living and make their home in Hamilton. A son and daughter have been born to Mr. and Mrs. Egan. J. Clarence is a graduate of Yale University and is now connected with the Triumph Electric Company. Edith is a graduate of Eden Hall School and is living at home. The family home is a commodious residence at 3025 Observatory road. He has also erected other buildings and is a public-spirited man, who recognizes his obligations to his adopted city and state and is ever ready to perform his part in the promotion of the general welfare. Politically he adheres to the republican party and socially he is identified with the Cincinnati Country Club. JOHN G. MOORMANN. Among the successful business men of Cincinnati who deserve mention in a history of the city on account of the work they have accomplished in promoting its interests should be named John G. Moormann, vice president of The Liberty Banking & Savings Company, and secretary and treasurer of the Banner Ice Company, both of which are flourishing and highly successful concerns. He was born in this city in 1857, a son of Theodore Moormann, who arrived in Cincinnati from Germany in his young manhood about 1847. The father became prominent in this city as a manufacturer of mantels and grates. John G. Moormann attended the public schools and also possessed advantages of instruction in one of the local colleges. In 1871 he began assisting his father in his manufacturing business, the factory being located on West Front street. The business was carried forward until 1887 and in 1890 Mr. Moormann of this review associated with an uncle, Bernard Moormann, in the manufacture of ice at the same location that had been utilized for the manufacture of mantels and grates. The venture proved successful and in 1899 the firm moved to Clark and Freeman avenue, where the business has ever since been conducted. In the same year the Banner Ice Company was incorporated with CINCINNATI—THE QUEEN CITY - 891 a capital stock of fifty thousand dollars, the officers of the company being; Bernard Moormann, president ; and John G. Moormann, secretary and treasurer. The company manufactures artificial ice on a large scale and as the factory is supplied with the most improved appliances and the business is well managed, it has proven a good investment. In February, 1907, Mr. Moormann assisted in organizing the Liberty Banking & Savings Company, of which he has since served as first vice president. His success is evidence that he made no mistake in selecting Cincinnati as his theater of operations, although it is evident that a man of his energy and natural ability would succeed anywhere. Mr. Moormann was married to Miss Catharine Moormann, a daughter of F. H. Moormann, and they have three children, Henrietta, Edward C. and Angeline. Mr. Moormann takes the interest of an intelligent and liberty-loving citizen in good government and in the promotion of all movements that aim) to make lighter the burdens upon the shoulders of those who already bear more than their share of the ills of humanity. He has great faith in the continued development of the city and in the faith of the leaders to overcome all obstacles that may arise. A man of genial and pleasing manner, he readily attracts friends, and by his example is constantly inspiring others to new effort and larger attainment. THOMAS C. VAN ANTWERP. Thomas C. Van Antwerp is engaged in the real-estate business in Cincinnati, and the earlier period of his life was devoted to other business interests elsewhere but Cincinnati was the place of his birth and will probably continue to be the place of his residence throughout the remainder of his life, for he is meeting with success. here in the careful management of investments and real-estate operations that have brought him to a prominent position in the business circles of the city. He was born here, February 3, 1861, and the name indicates his Holland lineage. The ancestry can be traced back to Daniel Janese Van Antwerp, who came to this country from Holland and was deputy treasurer of Albany, when the Mohawk and Hudson river valleys were largely settled up by the Dutch settlers from Holland. He afterward removed to the town of Orange, now Albany, New York, in 1656. One of his descendants was Louis Van Antwerp, a native of New York, who in early life came to Cincinnati and engaged in the publication of school books. He was very prominent in that line for many years here and was president of the well known house of Van Antwerp, Bragg & Company when it consolidated with the American Book Company. He married Maria F. Cleaney, a native of Kentucky. His death occurred in Cincinnati in 1895. In the private schools of Cincinnati Thomas C. Van Antwerp began his education, which he continued in Andover, Massachusetts. He was twenty-three years of age when, in 1884, he went to Philadelphia, where he became identified with the manufacturing branch of the iron business, remaining there for a number of years. Later he went to London, England, where he engaged 892 - CINCINNATI—THE QUEEN CITY in the general export business for two years. On the, expiration of that period he returned to Cincinnati and has since been identified with the real-estate business here. He has handled much property and negotiated many important realty transfers, and in all his sound judgment and spirit of enterprise have constituted effective forces for the successful accomplishment of what he has undertaken. In Cincinnati, on the 20th of December, 1902, Mr. Van Antwerp was united in marriage to Miss Greta P. Wright, a daughter of Thomas and Maria L. Wright, well known residents of Cincinnati, the latter a daughter of Judge James Hall, a distinguished attorney, author and banker. Mr. Van Antwerp has a son, Nicholas J. Politically Mr. Van Antwerp is a republican but not an active worker in the party. He belongs to Christ church and is well known in that connection, in social circles and in business life. Constantly developing ability has brought him to his present position, his latent powers having been called forth to meet the exigencies of different business situations, all of which he has mastered and managed to the best possible advantage. JOEL FERNANDO KINNEY. Two brothers, Joel and Timothy Kinney, who were born in Ireland and served in Oliver Cromwell's army, came to America in 1660. The latter settled on a farm in Richmond, Virginia, and his descendants are now numerous, particularly in the south. Joel Kinney (1 ) settled in Hartford, Connecticut, and in about 1666 purchased a farm eleven miles from the city that has remained in the family for over two hundred years. His death there occurred in 1680. He was survived by three sons and perhaps other children. These were Timothy, who settled near Hartford and at his death left a large family ; Joel ; and Oliver, who became a resident of New Jersey. Joel (2) succeeded his father as owner and occupant of the farm and died in 1755 at the age of eighty-four. He too left a large family, including Timothy, who is thought to have settled in Vermont ; Joel (3) ; Arthur, who became an attorney of Hartford ; Clifford; and Cleveland, who became a resident of New York. Joel Kinney (3) also became owner and occupant of the old homestead farm whereon he died in 1811, at the age of ninety-five years. He was married two or more times and had seventeen children including Timothy (3), Joel (4), Cleveland, David, Richard (1) and John. Timothy Kinney (3), the eldest of these, was born on the old homestead in 1741, married Delight Kinney in 1765, and lived on a farm near Hartford, Connecticut, until his death in 1821 when he was eighty years of age. His wife, who was probably not related to him although both were of the same name, was born in Vermont and had a younger brother Frank, who afterward married in Connecticut and had an only son, Joel, who served with distinction in the war of 1812. CINCINNATI—THE QUEEN CITY - 895 Timothy and Delight Kinney left the following children,—Joel (5), Timothy (4), Wesley, Cleveland, Delight, Susan, Arthur and Richard (2.). Joel Kinney (5), son of Timothy and Delight, left the following children: Richard (3), who was born in 1766 and served in the Revolutionary war ; David, Joel (6), Chloe, Delight, Timothy, Russell, Stephen, George and Amos, all of whom settled in Connecticut with the exception of Joel. Of these David, Chloe and Delight left no children. Richard (3) was survived by six children, Richard (4), Delia, Anson, Stephen, Wesley and Delight, and of these Richard (4) settled in Livingston county, New York, where he died in 1866, leaving six children, John, Cleveland, Alanson, James, Caroline and Isaiah. George had two children, Ruth and Delight. Ruth married Walter Howard and settled in Wyoming county, New York, while Delight became the wife of George Blakely and settled in Genesee county, New York. Joel Kinney (6), was born near Hartford in 1768, went to that city when a boy, learned the shoemaker's trade, and there married Miss Elizabeth Holmes, who was born in Vermont of English parentage. After the birth of their two eldest children they removed from Hartford to Levonia, New York, where the wife and mother died in 181 1, leaving nine children, Harriett, John Cleveland, Joel (7), Augustus, Lucretia, Anna, Almon and Elvira, twins, and Sylvanus. After the death of his first wife Joel Kinney (6) wedded Rebecca Chard. He died February 26, 1841, at Levonia, New York. There were the following children of his second marriage, Elijah, Chancey, Nelson, Delight, Susan, Catherine, Olive, Prudence, Frederick and David. Of his family Harriett, Almon, Elvira, Elijah, Chancey, Olive and Frederick left no children. John Cleveland was a farmer and lived near Levonia, New York. He died in 1854 leaving five children, Louise, Jane, Norman, Joel and Lucretia. Joel Kinney (7) was a butcher who went to Chicago in 1836 and died in 1888 at the age of eighty-seven. He left three children, Joel (8), born in 1828, Aurelia and William Henry. Of these Joel (8) was never married. In early life he went to Denver, was captain of a Colorado company of artillery during the Civil war, and in 1867 returned to Chicago where he joined the fire department and became one of the three marshals of the city, being on the retired list as marshal when he died in 1906. His brother, William Henry, also a soldier in the Civil war, became a merchant in Chicago and died in 1911, leaving a daughter, Millie. Aurelia is the wife of H. C. Stout, and is living at Marshfield, Missouri. Lucretia Kinney became the wife of John Nott, removed to Terre Haute, Indiana, where she and her husband died in 1851, leaving three children, Alfred, John and Amanda. The last named, then sixteen years of age, went to live with her uncle, Sylvanus Kinney, in Michigan, and there was married about 1858 to a Mr. Bunnell, a miller of Tecumseh, that state, by whom she had a son, Clarence, who went to California. Amanda died in 1895. Anna Cleveland Kinney was married October 16, 1823, to Joseph Morey, a Presbyterian preacher, and lived on a farm in Erie county, New York. She died about 1893, aged eighty-seven, survived by six sons and two daughters—Edward, Samuel, William, Elias W., Norris, Elisa, Horace and Anna M. Edward and Samuel Morey went to California when young. The former returned to New York, married and lived near his parents. There he died, leaving five children. Samuel was born in 1826, went to California in early life, Vol. IV-44 896 - CINCINNATI—THE QUEEN CITY and after his return was married in 1856 to Miss Lucretia Koester. He removed to Michigan, there following merchandising, and at the time of the Civil war became major of the Ninth Michigan Cavalry. In 1866 he purchased the farm of his uncle, Sylvanus Kinney, in Lenawee county, Michigan, where he died in 1907, leaving three children, Koester, and Norris and Nora, twins. William Morey removed to Michigan, married and followed farming in Cambridge, that state, until his death in 1905. He left no children. Elias Morey became sergeant of Company C, Seventh Ohio Volunteer Infantry, while attending Oberlin College. During the service he was wounded at Cross Lane, Virginia, and taken prisoner. Promotion made him a captain in the United States Infantry, in which he served until the close of the war and then entered the lumber business at Bridgeport, Michigan. He died about 1900, leaving three children, Ida, Nellie and Arthur. Norris Morey, born 1838, left Oberlin College at the outbreak of the Civil war, returned home, raised and was commissioned captain of Company E, Tenth New York Cavalry. About 1862 he resigned on account of ill health and went to Buffalo, New York, where he studied law, and has since practiced with eminent success. His four children are Joseph, his father's law partner, Mrs. Belle Eames, Arthur and Howard. Elisa Morey was married in 1870 to Milton S. Babcock, and died in 1907, leaving a son, Seth 'Morey Babcock, now a farmer living. near Bay City, Michigan. Horace Morey was born on the 1st of December, 1840. He was first lieutenant in Company E, Tenth New York Cavalry, and after the war engaged in the lumber business in Saginaw, Michigan, until 1905, when he retired. He is now a capitalist at Bay City. Anna M. Morey was married in New York to Abram Tucker, who is now engaged in merchandising in Jefferson, Oregon, and they have one son, Robert, who is in business with his father. Elisa Kinney married John Hubbel, who became a hotel proprietor at Lyons, Michigan. She died about 1895, leaving a daughter who became the wife of a Mr. Coon, a merchant of Lyons, and they had one son. Sylvanus Kinney was born at Levonia, New York, June 20, 1809, son of Joel Kinney (7) and Elizabeth (Holmes) Kinney. His mother died when he was two years of age and he then went to live with his cousin, Richard Kinney (3), at Richmond, Ontario county, New York. When he was eight years of age his father bound him out to a wealthy farmer, Joshua Philips, who lived near Richmond and agreed to give the boy three months' schooling each year and one hundred dollars when he attained his majority. Mr. Philips proved a father to the boy and was so called by him. Sylvanus Kinney was ambitious and faithful, and by the time he was eighteen years of age largely had the supervision of Mr. Philips' farm of six hundred and forty acres, employed and discharged all hands, looked after the purchase and sale of stock and produce, and in fact was practically manager of the place. At the age of twenty-four years he left Mr. Philips and went on a trip westward, and purchased a farm of one hundred and sixty acres in the town of Cambridge, Lenawee county, Michigan, and then returned to New York and took charge of a merchant flouring mill and a farm of two hundred acres belonging to a wealthy lawyer who lived in Batavia, New York. The place was situated near Mr. Philips' home, and with the latter Mr. Kinney still continued to live. On the 16th of April, 1835, he married Miss Hannah Crane, daughter of William and Hannah (Briggs) Crane. At CINCINNATI—THE QUEEN CITY - 897 the time of his marriage Joshua Philips made him a present of six hundred dollars as a token of his regard and reward for his faithful service. Mr. Kinney then removed to his Michigan farm, built a log cabin and began converting the heavy timbered tracts into productive fields. In 1849 the log house gave way before a more pretentious frame residence. In the spring of 1866 he retired, at which time he was the owner of four hundred and forty acres of fine farming land. He then removed to Adrian, Michigan, where he died October 20, 1897, aged eighty-seven years. He was four times married. His first wife, Hannah Crane, was descended from Henry Crane and his wife, who came from England to America in 1654, settling at Dorchester (now Milton), Massachusetts. The wife died and Henry Crane later married Tobatha Kinsley. Mr. Crane was an iron worker. There were the following children in his family, Henry, Benjamin, Stephen, John, Elizabeth, Ebenezer, Anna, Mary and Samuel. Benjamin Crane, second son of Henry Crane, and John his brother, moved to Berkley, Massachusetts, and bought a large tract of land which they divided in 1705. The stone marking the dividing line is still to be seen, with inscription on one side B. C. 1705, and on the other J. C. 1705. Benjamin Crane was a surveyor and the first representative in colonial days to the general court. Unto him and his wife Mary were born four children : Tobatha, wife of Jonathan Briggs; Benjamin, Seth and Mary. Of these Benjamin Crane (3), wedded Mary Myrick. They had an only son, Bernice. Bernice was married to Johanna Axtel, who died at Berkley, Massachusetts, May 5, 1846, at the age of one hundred years, one month and fifteen days. They had six children, Abiathy, Benjamin, Laurany, Barnabas, Jemima and William. William Crane, the last named and the grandfather of Joel Kinney, was born February 17, 1781. He was married March 31, 1808, to Hannah Briggs, a daughter of Abiel and Dier (Paul) Briggs. His second wife was Sarah Crane. By his first wife he had two children : Hannah, born November 23, 1810, married Sylvanus Kinney, April 16, 1835, and died April 12, 1849 ; Betsey, born 1809, married Cicero Phelps in 1836, and died leaving five children : Mrs. Elizabeth Bacon of Peoria, Illinois ; Cicero, of Olathe, Kansas ; Roger, of Princeton, Illinois ; Daniel, of Wichita, Kansas; and John, of Boyds Grove, Illinois. Hannah Briggs, the first wife of William Crane, died in 1813, and on the 1st of September, 1814, he married Sarah Crane, and their children were William, Marcia, Sarah Amelia, Samuel Davis and Alfred. Of these William Crane had no children. Marcia became the wife of Horatio Hills and left a daughter, Emoroy who became the wife of Milton Burt. Sarah Amelia was the second wife of Sylvanus Kinney, and left no children. Samuel Davis left a daughter, Clara M., living in Medina, Ohio. Alfred Crane left four children : Mortimer, of Granger, Ohio ; Ferdinand, of California ; Eugene, deceased; and Carry, the wife of Harry Beach, of Medina, Ohio. Barnabas and William Crane, sons of Bernice, and Thomas Briggs, son of Abiel, all settled in Medina, Ohio, between 1830 and 1840, and there resided until death. The Briggs family, of which Mrs. William Crane was a representative, tracing its ancestry back to Clermont Briggs (I), arrived from England on Good Ship Fortune, November 9, 1621. His first wife was Joan Allen. He had six children, of whom his second son, Jonathan (2), born June 14, 1635, 898 - CINCINNATI-THE QUEEN CITY married and settled in Berkley, Massachusetts. In his will, probated in 1698, he mentioned nine sons and five daughters. His fifth son, Amos (3), died March 24, 1760. He was married January 2, 1705, to Miss Sarah Paine, and had eleven children. The sixth, Thomas Briggs (4), born June 20, 1717, died November 10, 1779. He was married in 1736 to Thankful Axtel, a daughter of Daniel Axtel of Berkley, Massachusetts, and she died November 3, 1794. They had three children :-John, Abiel and Phoebe. Of these Abiel Briggs (5), born December 16, 1752, married Dier Paul, who was born February 12, 1753, and died in 1805. Their children were : Alinda, who was born May 18, 1779, and became the wife of Benjamin Crane, son of Bernice Crane ; Phidelia, who married Abiel Nichols ; Daniel, who married Abigal Hathaway ; Hannah, born April 8, 1785, who was married March 31, 1808, to William Crane, son of Bernice Crane, and died in 1813, leaving two daughters, Betsey Crane Phelps and Hannah Crane Kinney ; and Thomas, born January 27, 1790, who died August 2, 1863. As previously stated, Sylvanus Kinney married Hannah Crane, who died April 12, 1849, leaving six children, John Cleveland, William Crane, Joel Fernando (8), Joshua Philips, Julius and Sylvanus Harvey. The second wife of Sylvanus Kinney was Sarah Crane, half sister of his first wife. She lived but a short time after her marriage and left no children. His third wife was Abigal Briggs, who died in 1866, leaving three children, Vernon, Dewitt C. and Clara E. His fourth wife was a widow, Abigal Moore, who survived him. Sylvanus Kinney stood high in the community where he lived. He was endowed with sound judgment and was distinguished for the undeviating integrity of his life. He was also well known as a strong prohibitionist. John Cleveland Kinney was born on the homestead farm in Lenawee county, Michigan, January 28, 1836, and died at Jackson, Michigan, September 15, 1911. He had a common-school education and was a farmer. He wedded Miss Mary J. Stevenson in 1857, and had four children : Arthur, of Michigan, who is married but has no children ; Alice, who became the wife of Bert Lewis by whom she had two children, Cora and Adolphus and who was again married, her second husband being a merchant grocer in Detroit, Michigan ; Belle, the wife of Newell Delamater, a coal merchant of Jackson, Michigan, by whom she has two children, Leland and Marie ; and Elizabeth, the wife of Ami Nelson of the United States postal service in Owosso, Michigan, by whom she has a daughter, Florence Louise. William Crane Kinney was born on the old farm in Michigan, February 3, 1838, and died in Chicago April 17, 1908. He attended the common schools, spent one term at Adrian high school and two terms in Adrian College. He afterward taught school and studied law, being graduated from the law department of Chicago University in 1861. He located for practice in Princeton, Illinois, and in 1862 was commissioned lieutenant of Company E, Ninety-first Illinois Volunteers with which he served until the close of the war and then engaged in real-estate business in Chicago. He was married in 1869 to Miss Mary Troy, and their only son is Troy Kinney, a New York artist, who married Miss Margaret West, also an artist. They have one child, John West Kinney. CINCINNATI—THE QUEEN CITY - 899 Joel (8) Fernando Kinney was born on the old homestead farm in Lenawee county, Michigan, May 16, 1840, and supplemented his common-school education by a term of study in the high school at Adrian, Michigan, and two terms in the Adrian College. While teaching school he took up the study of law, entering the office of Judges Beaman, Beecher & Howel, as a law student, and was graduated in law from the Chicago University in July, 1861. He began practice in Fort Wayne, Indiana, associated with F. P. Randal, then mayor of the city. In August, 1862, he was commissioned first lieutenant of Company C, Seventy-fourth Indiana Volunteers. He was one of four thousand soldiers made prisoners of war at Munfordsville, Kentucky, September 17, 1862, was exchanged in November and again went to the front. On the 1st of January, 1863, he was commissioned captain, and on the 19th of September following was wounded at the battle of Chickamauga. As soon as he had partially recovered he reported for duty and was detailed as chief military conductor of the Louisville & Nashville Railroad with quarters at Nashville. Later he was given charge of the railroads except the Nashville and Chattanooga within the limits of the army of the Cumberland, and was given rank and pay of major. In September, 1864, he resigned and began the prosecution of claims against the government for the cotton and other property taken and used by the government during the war. This practice took him before the court of claims and the executive officers of the government at Washington, D. C. much of the time. On the 6th of April, 1865, he married Miss Sarah Ann Walker, a daughter of James and Jane (McBride) Walker. In March, 1866, they removed to Kansas City, Missouri, and in 1872 to Cincinnati. Mr. Kinney continued the prosecution of claims against the government until 1899, spending his time in Washington during the sitting of the court of claims. He had an extensive and profitable practice, but since May, 1899, has lived practically retired. He and his wife have four children, Frank Harvey, James William, Emma and Martha. The elder son, Frank H., who was born in Kansas City, Missouri, November 24, 1866, was graduated in the academic department of the Michigan University at Ann Arbor and from Cincinnati Law School. He then practiced in Cincinnati until August, 1908, and was village attorney at Hyde Park until it was annexed to the city. On the death of his brother William in August, 1908, he took his place as superintendent of the Hyde Park Supply & Coal Company. He is a director in the Hyde Park Savings Bank and several other business concerns, and is president of the Hyde Park Business Men's Club. He is a Scottish Rite Mason. He has been twice married. In 1896 he wedded Ida Koester, who died in February, 1904, leaving two daughters, Ethel and Gertrude, the latter passing away the following November. In August, 1905, Frank H. Kinney was married to Miss Leonore Pfeiffer, and they have two daughters, Ruth and Sarah Lea. James William Kinney was born in August, 1868, and died in August, 1908. He was married in 1896 to Miss Terese Garnier, and they have two children, Mary Louise and Joel (9) Fernando. He supplemented his common-school education by a few terms' study in Nelson's Business College at Cincinnati. At the time of his death he was superintendent of the Hyde Park Supply & Coal Company. Emma Kinney was born in Kansas City, Missouri, took the B. L. degree in the Cincinnati University and is now living with her father.