KNOX COUNTY, OHIO - 725 schools at Howard, this county, and during his ten years' service there he established a graded school system, also a high school, and his work there stands as a monument to his progressive and thorough methods and stamps him as a leader in educational work. For a period of seven years prior to taking up his work at Howard he taught in the Berry district in the same township. In September, 1904, he was appointed one of the board of school examiners of Knox county, and he served two terms or six years. He not only did his work conscientiously and according to the best modern methods, but he was always trying to raise the standard of the public schools, and he has done as much as any one for the cause of education in Knox county and for the same he has the esteem of all classes. During 1908 and 1909 he was president of the Knox County Teachers' Association, and during all the years of his teaching he was an active member of the same, also a member of the Ohio State Teachers' Association. Resigning as superintendent of the schools of Howard in 1909, Mr. Grubb moved to Centerburg and engaged in the furniture and undertaking business, under the firm name of Purdy, Kasson & Grubb, being associated with Denman H. Purdy and Willie M. Kasson. The firm also has a monument department and they carry on an extensive business in all lines, handling the best of materials and goods, carrying a complete and carefully selected stock of furniture, prompt service and efficiency being their watchword. The store contains a stock that would do credit to a city much larger than Centerburg, and their- many customers come from all over a wide radius of territory. On September I, 1911, the above firm dissolved partnership, Kasson & Grubb retaining the furniture and monument business and Mr. Purdy the undertaking business. Mr. Grubb was married on November 5, 1890, to Jennie Loney, daughter of William and Mary (McClurg) Loney, an excellent family of Brown township, where Mr. Lone)' had a good farm, and where the mother is still living, he being deceased. Mrs. Grubb passed to her rest on July 1, 1903. dying without issue. On July 22, 1905, Mr. Grubb was united in marriage with LaVilla Critchfield, (laughter of Rolland and Margaret (McElroy) Critchfield, a prominent Howard township family, the Critchfields being among the early pioneers here and have been influential in local affairs for several generations. The parents of Mrs. Grubb are both still living. This second union has also been without issue. Politically. Mr. Grubb is a Democrat and he has always been an active participant in public matters, a close student on current affairs and conditions of the masses. and every movement having as its object the betterment of 726 - KNOX COUNTY, OHIO. his locality has received his hearty support. but he is not an office seeker. Fraternally, he is a Mason, a member of the chapter and commander, at Mt. Vernon, and the Danville lodge has bestowed upon him the master's degree his membership is now with the Bloomfield Lodge No. 422 at Centerburg. He and his wife are members of the Church of Christ, he being an elder in the same, haying held this office for a number of years he is also an active Sunday school worker and for many years was superintendent of the Sunday school at Howard, also teacher of a Bible class. While not a teacher, he still continues his interest in educational matters and has been largely instrumental in securing for Centerburg an excellent lecture course. He and his wife are prominent in the social life of the county, and few men are more widely or more favorably known in this locality than he. EMANUEL RINE. One of the young farmers of Knox county who has succeeded in life because he early learned to depend upon himself and to have system about his work and at the same time dealing honestly with his fellow men is Emanuel Rine, of Butler township. He is a man who believes in progress, in adapting himself to new and changing conditions, in following twentieth-century methods of farming and therefore his place presents a pleasing appearance and shows at a glance that a gentleman of good taste and correct ideas has its management in hand. He comes down from a sterling old Buckeye ancestry, many of whose commendable qualities he seems to have inherited, being the son of Henry and Sarah Ellen (Jones) Rine, a complete sketch of whom is to be found on another page of this work, and he is the grandson of Rudolph Rine. His maternal grandparents were Samuel and Patsy (Miller) Jones. His parents were born in Coshocton and Knox counties, respectively, and were reared and married in the latter. The father became the owner of a good farm here. His family consisted of eleven children, nine of whom are still living, four sons and five daughters. Emanuel Rine was born in Coshocton county, Ohio, on September 9, 1871, and in early life he came to Jackson township, Knox county, and here grew to manhood on the farm and received his education in the public schools, and early in life he took up farming for a livelihood. After leaving the home place he bought a farm of one hundred and fifty-two acres in Butler township and here he has prospered through close application and good manage- KNOX COUNTY, OHIO - 727 ment, adding to his holdings from time to time until he is now the owner of about five hundred acres in Jackson and Butler townships, of valuable and highly productive land, which he has placed under a high state of improvement and cultivation. He carries on general farming and stock raising on an extensive scale, being widely known as a breeder of Delaine sheep, Poland-China hogs and Percheron horses, and owing to the superior quality of his fine stock he finds a very ready market for all he offers for sale. He has also bought live stock for some time and has been very successful in this line of endeavor. He also operates a threshing outfit during the summer months. Thus he is always very busy and he has won a large measure of success, being now one of the substantial and progressive men of the eastern part of Knox county. Politically, Mr. Rine is a Democrat, and while he takes an abiding interest in whatever tends to promote the general interest of the community and county. always lending his support in such measures as have for their object the material, civic and moral well-being of his locality, he has never aspired to positions of public trust. Mr. Rine was married to Mary A. Allen, a native of Butler township, Knox county, and the daughter of George Allen and wife, Mr. Allen being an old settler here, now about eighty years of age, the Allen family having long been a well known and highly respected one here. Four children have been born to Mr. and Mrs. Rine, named as follows: George Henry, born July 23, 189o, and Howard, born April 8, 1892, are both living at home; the third and fourth children, twin sons, unnamed. Personally. Mr. Rine is a pleasant gentleman to meet, genial, obliging and straightforward in all the relations of life. HENRY RINE. Few lives in Knox county furnish a more worthy example of the wise application of sound business principles and safe conservatism as that of Henry Rine, well known farmer of Butler township. The story of his success is not long nor does it contain many exciting chapters, but in it lies one of the most valuable secrets of the prosperity which it records: his career is replete with interest and incentive, no matter how lacking in dramatic action. The record of a noble life, consistent with itself and its possibilities in every particular. and the youth whose destinies are yet matters for the future to (47) 728 - KNOX COUNTY. OHIO. determine may well contemplate it with a view of gaining valuable lessons therefrom, for Mr. Rine has been a man of indomitable industry, public spirit and exemplary habits, thus eminently deserving of his material success and the esteem in which he is held by all who know him. Mr. Rine was born in Coshocton county, Ohio, October 16. 1847. He is the son of Rudolph and Mary Ann ( Underwood) Rine. The paternal grandparents, William and Nancy (Rine) Rine, were first cousins; they were born and reared in Maryland and came to Ohio in a very early day, locating in Coshocton county, where he became the owner of one hundred and sixty acres of land, for which he paid only one dollar and fifty cents per acre. This he cleared and improved, and there established a good home, in which he spent the rest of his life. The maternal grandparents, (gybed Underwood and wife, were also natives of Maryland, from which state they came to Coshocton county about eight years after the Rine family came here, and also entered government land in Jackson township, Knox county, which he cleared and lived for a number of years, later moving to another farm on which his death occurred, in the same neighborhood where he first settled. Rudolph Rine, the father of the subject, was born in Coshocton county and his wife, Mary Ann Underwood, was born in Knox county and here they were married. He was a farmer and became the owner of about two hundred acres of land in Knox and Coshocton counties. Politically, he was a Democrat and was active in party affairs. He served as assessor in Knox county and as justice of the peace in Coshocton county. His family consisted of four children, three of whom are still living. namely : Henry, of this sketch: Casper, and Mrs. Malinda Jones. a widow. The first wife of Rudolph Rine dying, he subsequently married Elizabeth Bucy, of Jefferson township, and to this union thirteen children were born, of whom about eleven are still. living. The death of Rudolph Rine occurred on March 12, about 1896, and his first wife, mother of the subject, died in 1849. Henry Rine, of this sketch, was reared on the home farm and was educated in the subscription schools of his time and when a young man he took up farming for a livelihood. He worked by the day for four years, then rented land of his father for four years, then bought forty acres to start on and finally became the owner of one hundred and forty acres in Knox county, where he has been engaged successfully in general farming and stock raising, keeping his place well improved and highly cultivated, and he has a pleasant home and substantial outbuildings. He has lived retired since 1907, in which year he was stricken with paralysis in one side. Politically, Mr. Rine is a Democrat, and he has served his township as supervisor, and in other capacities. KNOX COUNTY, OHIO - 729 Mr. Rine was married on November 12, 1868, to Sarah Ellen Jones, a native of Knox county and the daughter of Samuel and Patsy (Miller) Jones, old settlers here, having come from Pennsylvania, and he devoted his life to farming. His family consisted of eight children. Politically, Mr. Jones is a Democrat, but not active. His wife is a member of the Baptist church. Eleven children have been born to Mr. and Mrs. Rine, named as follows:. Willis Howard died when one year old ; Emanuel, a farmer of Butler township, whose sketch appears elsewhere in this volume; Emma Jane is the wife of Lewis Bucy Orpha Dell ; Andrew ; Rebecca is deceased; Harfer, Grover Cleveland. Hattie May, Ada and Clara. ROSS E. HUNTER. The record of the gentleman whose name introduces this article contains no exciting chapter of tragic events, but is replete with well defined purposes which, carried to successful issue, have won for him an influential place in the business circles of Knox county and high personal standing among his fellow citizens, among whom he has spent his earthly years, having been content to remain in his native locality. Mr. Hunter's life work has been one of unceasing industry and perseverance and the systematic and honorable methods which he has ever followed have resulted not only in gaining the confidence of those with whom he has had dealings, but also in the building up of a large farming industry and the accumulation of a competency, owning a valuable estate in Union and Jefferson townships. Ross E. Hunter was born on January 16, 1860, on the farm where he now lives one mile south of the town of Brink Haven, Ohio, and he is the son of Richard and Lavina (Workman) Hunter and a brother of Osborne Hunter, a sketch of whom appears on another page of this work. The father of the subject, who was born in Union township, Knox county, Ohio, spent his life here engaged in agricultural pursuits on the farm where he was born. The mother of the subject was a native of Coshocton county, this state. The paternal grandfather, Richard Hunter. was one of the earliest pioneers of Knox county, having emigrated from the state of Maryland to Union township in 1812 and here spent the remainder of his life. He began in an humble way and in due course of time had a good farm and was one of the leading men in his community. On the farm which he settled the father of the subject of this review was born, reared and, in fact. spent his life. He was 730 - KNOX COUNTY, OHIO. very successful as a farmer and was a highly respected man. He was a Democrat, but not a seeker of public favors. He and his family were members of the Baptist church. The death of Richard Hunter, Jr., occurred on December 9. 1891, his widow surviving until 1903. Their family consisted of five children, named as follows: Osborne, a farmer of Union township, this counts': Norman lives in Buckeye City; Ella, wife of Charles H. Biggs. of Union township: Ross E.. of this sketch ; Ham is a practicing physician of Columbus, Ohio. Ross E. Hunter has always lived on the place where he now resides. He was educated in the country district schools and the normal school at Danville. He was married on December 3. 1887. to Laura lD. Hess. (laughter of John H. and Susan E. Calhoun ) Hess. of Danville. this county, a prominent pioneer family from Maryland. and here Mrs. Hunter grew to womanhood and received her education in the local schools. Three children have been born to Mr. and Mrs. Hunter : Archie D.. who is married and living in Johnstown. Nebraska. is proprietor of a telephone system. of Brown county, that state; Donna Opal is teaching in the schools of Knox county ; Naomi Lucile is attending the high school in Danville. Mr. Hunter has kept the old home place well improved and under an excellent state of cultivation, keeping the soil from growing thin with advancing years. In connection with general farming he carries on stock raising of all kinds extensively. He is the owner of two hundred acres of valuable land, one hundred and sixty lying in Union township and forty in Jefferson township. He has a commodious, modern and attractive home, excellent barns and stock sheds. His home is picturesquely located on the east bank of the Mohican river amid most attractive surroundings. and, the family being prominent in the social life of the community. this hospitable and cheerful home is frequently the gathering place for their many friends. He is the only representative of the original pioneer families of this vicinity who still resides here. Politically. Mr. Hunter is a Republican and has long been active in party affairs, always to be seen at the local caucuses, and on several occasions he has been a member of the Republican county committee, also a frequent delegate to party conventions, in which he has always made his influence felt for both the good of his community and the party. He served two terms as township trustee, refusing a third election. For many years he has been a member of the township board of election. He and his family are members of the Methodist Episcopal church of Danville and are active in church and Sunday school work. Mr. Hunter is one of our most public-spirited citizens and he KNOX COUNTY, OHIO - 731 never withholds his support from any movement looking to the general good of the community. He has clone much for the cause of good roads, being one of the promoters of the good roads movement in Union township, and is active in all other laudable improvements, being especially active in educational affairs. Personally, he is a genial, honorable and broad-minded gentleman whom it is a pleasure to know and he has ever held the confidence and esteem of his neighbors and acquaintances, keeping untarnished the escutcheon of an old and honored family name. Archie D. Hunter. son of the immediate subject of this sketch, whom we mentioned in a preceding paragraph, was married on October 23, 1909. to Iva Workman, daughter of Alonzo R. and May (Daniels) Workman, formerly of Knox county, now residents of Brown county, Nebraska. where they have become well established. To Archie D. Hunter and wife one child, a (laughter, has been born, Iola Lucile, a winsome and bright little lass, the light of their home. Young Hunter is giving much promise as a business man and is popular in his community in the western state. URIAH TAYLOR COOKSEY. A citizen of the United States can wear. no greater badge of honor than the distinction of having served the government in the four years of war between the states. It is a sacred family inheritance of renown, to be prized like a jewel by all future descendants and kept bright and untarnished by other acts of valor, patriotism and loyalty in the interests of free government. Even in this clay when there are many of the old soldiers still living, no one can see a veteran of the great army that suppressed the hosts of rebellion and treason, dressed in his faded uniform, without feeling a glow of pride, and without showing him studied deference. But the ranks of the old phalanx are fast going down before the only foe that they cannot meet and vanquish, and ere long death, with his scythe so keen, will have wrought such widespread devastation that none will be left to recount the actual experience of that sanguinary conflict. In the meantime. while they are still with us, let us pay suitable honor to their sacrifices, patriotism and sufferings. One of these old soldiers whom it is a pleasure to write of in this connection is Uriah Taylor Cooksey, farmer of Clay township. Knox county, who was born on November 22, 18,48, near Dresden, Muskingum county. 732 - KNOX COUNTY, OHIO. this state. He is the son of Laban and Rheuan (Ogle) Cooksey. These parents came from Virginia with the pioneers and first settled in Muskingum county, moving from there to Licking county in 185o and there they spent the remainder of their lives, haying followed agricultural pursuits. Uriah T. Cooksey was reared on the home farm and when but a boy learned the meaning of hard work there. He received such education as he could in the country district schools. \Then the Civil war came on, he, like the patriotic boys with whom he was reared, wanted to go to the front. but was not old enough, so he waited patiently through more than three years of it until on February 29, 1864, when but a few months over seventeen years of age, he enlisted in Company H, Thirty-first Ohio Volunteer Infantry, and he served until the close of the war in the Army of the Cumberland, participating in General Sherman's famous campaigns about Atlanta and from that city on the great march to the sea. He proved to be a very faithful soldier and never shirked his duty, taking the rough and dangerous work with as much courage as the oldest veteran in his regiment, according to his comrades. After peace had been declared he marched with his regiment in the Grand Review in the national capital. Among the numerous engagements in which he participated was that of Bentonville, North Carolina, one of the very last of the war. He escaped without being wounded or taken prisoner any time during his service. After the war he returned to the family home in Licking county. Ohio, and engaged in farming. remaining with his parents until his marriage, on September 4, 1870, to Nancy Winse, (laughter of Joseph and Jennie Winse, of Licking county. To the subject and wife nine children have been born, eight of whom are living, namely : Charles F., who lives near Fulton, Nebraska ; James L. lives at Red Oak, Iowa Rosanna married Dennis Evans and they live in Licking county ; Zona D. married George Divan, of Clay township; Hugh L. lives in Clay township; Hermie D. is at home ; Arthur J. Cooksev lives near Fulton. Nebraska ; Bessie May also lives at home; Eli Harrison is deceased. In 1871, one year after his marriage, Mr. Cooksey moved to Clay township. Knox county, and here he has remained to the present time, engaged in general farming and stock raising. He has a good farm of one hundred and eighty-eight acres and a pleasant home, being one of the leading farmers of this part of the county. Politically, he is a Republican and has always been a loyal, consistent party supporter, but has never been an office seeker. He is a member of Updike Post, Grand Army of the Republic. He and his family are very highly regarded throughout the community. KNOX COUNTY, OHIO - 733 WALTER B. FARMER. One of the enterprising, twentieth-century farmers and stock men of Knox county is Walter B. Farmer, of Union township, for many years known as one of our most successful educators. He occupies a prominent place in the esteem of the people of this locality and is universally respected as a citizen, fair dealing having ever been hiS watchword in his business relations with his fellow men. He is a cultured, broad-minded gentleman whom it is a pleasure to meet, being optimistic, looking on the bright side of life and never complains at the rough places in the road, knowing that life is a battle in Which no victories are won by the slothful, but that the prize is to the vigilant and strong of heart. His example has indeed been salutary to the vouth of Knox county. Mr. Farmer was born on July 5, 1868, in Butler township. Knox county, Ohio. the son of Doty and Hettie (Giffin) Farmer, the father a native of Harrison township, this county, and the mother a native of Coshocton county. Doty Farmer was a Democrat up to 1861. when he turned Republican, his sympathies during the war between the states being with the Union. He was a faithful member of the Methodist Episcopal church. His death occurred in May. 1893. The mother of the subject. a woman of splendid attributes. is still living. Four children were born to Mr. and Mrs. Doty Farmer, namely : Viola, deceased: Warren, a farmer of Union township: Dora M. has remained single and is living at home: Walter B., subject of this sketch. Walter B. Farmer was reared on the home farm and educated in the country district schools and the Danville Normal School. Early in life he began to prepare himself for teaching, and, having become well equipped for his chosen calling, he followed the same with exceptional success for a period of eight years in the Knox county schools. Mr. Farmer was married on December 25, 1898, to Jennie McKee. (laughter of Charles H. and Priscilla (Ferenbaugh) McKee. of Union township, this county, where she grew to womanhood and received her education and where both of her parents were born and have always lived. Mr. McKee is still living, his wife being deceased. The family is well known and highly respected in this locality. To Mr. and Mrs. Farmer four children have been born, one of whom died in infancy: Cletus A., Hazel M. and Bernard L. being the surviving children. A fter his marriage, Mr. Farmer entered the railwav mail service. in which he remained eight years, giving entire satisfaction and winning the 734 - KNOX COUNTY, OHIO. confidence and praise of the department. In 1906 he resigned from the service and turned his attention to agricultural pursuits. one and one-half miles southeast of Danville. Union township. where he has a fine farm of one hundred and eighty-seven acres which he has brought up to a high state of improvement and cultivation and on which he is engaged successfully in general farming and stock raising and feeding, keeping a good grade of all kinds of live stock, employing modern ideas in all his work. Politically. Mr. Farmer is a Republican and has long been conspicuously active in local political matters, only so far as he feels that he is able, through his influence, to better the condition of his community and his country. He has kept fully abreast of the times in all matters, being ever a student and wide miscellaneous reader, his pleasant home being supplied with good literature. Fraternally, he is a member of the Twin City Grange, Patrons of Husbandry. He is a church goer and supporter, though not a member of any congregation. He is a strong advocate of anything that makes for the moral and intellectual uplift of the people. and he is an agitator for good roads and all improvements in a material way consistent with the good of the people. CLEM L. V. BLUE. It is the pride of the citizens of this country that there is no limit to which natural ability, industry and honesty may not aspire. A boy born in ignorance and poverty and reared under the most adverse circumstances and unpromising surroundings may nevertheless break from the fetters and rise to the highest station in the land, the most noticeable example of all history of this being that of Lincoln, who, in early life, was, as every one knows, a poor rail-splitter and his home was a backwoods log cabin. These conditions give the youth of America ambition to push forward to achievement even in the face of obstacles. One of the citizens of Knox county who has done this is Clem L. V. Blue, farmer of Jackson township. haying worked his way to a comfortable station in life. Mr. Blue was born in the township where he still resides on March 8, 1863. He is the son of Hamilton and Adeline (Whitmore) Blue. His paternal grandparents, Daniel and Eva Blue, were natives of Wheeling, West Virginia. but which was in the Old Dominion at that period, and there they spent their early lives, but emigrated to Knox county, Ohio. very early. Grandfather Blue was a soldier in the war of 1812, and it is probable that KNOX COUNTY, OHIO - 735 he came to Knox county at the close of that war. He took up land from the government and lived the life of the average pioneer of his time, redeeming a good farm from the heavy woods and undergoing the usual hardships of the times. The maternal grandparents, Jacob and Elizabeth Whitmore, were natives of Pennsylvania, where they spent their childhood, coming to Knox county, Ohio, very early, locating in Harrison township where they, too, underwent the usual struggles of the newcomers to a new country. Hamilton Blue, mentioned above, was born in Jackson township, this county, in 1834. and Adeline Whitmore. his wife, was born in Harrison township, this county, in 1837. They grew up in Knox county, attended the old-time schools here and were married. The father was a farmer and became the owner of four hundred acres of good land where he carried on general farming and stock raising on an extensive scale. Politically, he was a Democrat until Cleveland's first administration: after that he was a Republican. He was a man of fine character and was well and favorably known. His family consisted of seven children, six of whom are living, the eldest one, Willis A., dying in 1909. Hamilton and Adeline Blue were members of the Christian Union church. The father's death occurred on June 30. 1906. and the mother died on February 8, 1897. Clem L. V. Blue, of this sketch, grew to manhood on the home farm, where he assisted with the general work, and he received his education in the public schools of Knox county. He has always been a farmer and he managed his father's place for some time. In 1902 he bought a portion of the home place and he now owns eighty acres, where he carries on general farming and stock raising and which he has kept well improved and tilled in such a skillful manner that it has retained its original fertility. Politically. Mr. Blue is a Democrat. He has served his township as trustee. He and his wife were members of the Disciples church for nineteen years. Mr. Blue was married on October II, 1888, to Josephine Horn, a native of Harrison township, this county, and the daughter of Martin and Elizabeth Horn. old settlers there, her grandfather, Joseph Horn, having been among the early pioneers of that vicinity. One daughter has been born to the subject and wife, to whom the name nez L. was given. Joseph and Susan Horn, grandparents of Mrs. Blue, were natives of Pennsylvania. where they grew up. and from there they came to Ohio about 1810, locating in Harrison township where they reared most of their family. The country was then a wilderness and the haunts of Indians and wild beasts. Her maternal grandparents. George and Mary Adrian, were also from Penn- 736 - KNOX COUNTY, OHIO. sylvania and very early settlers in Knox county. Both her parents were born in Knox county, her father becoming an extensive farmer, owning about four hundred acres of land here at the time of his death. His family consisted of ten children, all of whom are living, the oldest being now sixty years of age and the youngest forty. The death of Mrs. Blue's father occurred on October 9, 1910, having survived his wife twenty-seven years, her death occurring on March to, 1883. Mr. Horn was a stanch Democrat and took much interest in public affairs. DAVID P. CLUTTER. The great task in early years of clearing land of its timber can scarcely be realized by the people of today. Not a crop could be sowed or an orchard tree planted until the timber had been cut down and removed, either by fire or with horses or oxen. Even then the stumps were a great hindrance and it was usually several years until they were out of the way entirely, for they had to rot out, the pioneers having neither dynamite nor modern stump-pullers. The amount of hard labor required to remove the wilderness growth, break the wild land, intertwined with a vast network of roots, and to keep sprouts and weeds from choking the young crops, seems almost incredible. in fact, it was a task that never ended and all members of the family were required to assist, not only from sun to sun, but from dawn to nightfall, and not many days were included in the "rainy" list either, most of the three hundred and sixty-five days being appropriated from a standpoint of necessity. But this persistence in all instances brought the coveted success in the future years, and in time the bare, productive acres were spread out on all sides of the primitive home, and soon supported growing crops and browsing herds. This was the task set before the ancestors of David P. Clutter, farmer of Morgan township, Knox county, and the task was faithfully performed; but the children were required to assist. and thus they grew up in industry and simple habits. Mr. Clutter was born on October 13. 1849. on the farm a half mile north of Morgan Center, Knox county. Ohio. and here he has always lived. He is the son of David B. and Lavina (Cline) Clutter. Grandfather Samuel Clutter and his wife, known in her maidenhood as Rachael Denman, came to Knox county from Washington county, Pennsylvania, arriving in Morgan toWnship, this county, on April 18, 1818, and settled on the farm where the KNOX COUNTY, OHIO - 737 immediate subject of this sketch now lives. The country was then a vast stretch of heavy woods and wild game was in abundance and the sight of an Indian was not uncommon. The grandfather's family was sheltered here for some time in a log cabin. This was replaced in 1824 by a substantial brick house, which was the first in the locality, the brick for the same having been made on his farm by hand. The house still stands, being occupied by the subject and his family, and it was here that the subject's paternal grandparents spent the rest of their lives, having developed a good farm from the woods in which they first settled. Each lived to a very old age, and here they reared their family, David B., the father of the subject, being the youngest of six sons and five daughters. On this farm David B. Clutter spent his life, successfully carrying forward the work so auspiciously begun by the first Clutter, and he became one of the influential men of his community, although he died in early life, at the age of forty:four years, on June 5, 1835, leaving a widow, three sons and four daughters. The widow lived until July T5. 1886. having reared her children in comfort and respectability. David P. Clutter was reared on the old homestead where he worked as soon as old enough. the early death of his father throwing responsibilities on him when but a boy. He received such education as he could in the district schools. He was married on April 7, 1877, to Eliza Rhine, daughter of Jonathan and Jerusha (Cullison) Rhine. of Clay township, where the family had moved a few years previously from Coshocton county, Ohio. Three sons and one daughter have been born to the subject and wife, namely : Raymond E. is married and is farming in Morgan township; Alfred F. is married and lives at home with his parents; Ethel married Oliver McMillan, of Martinsburg; Guy L., who is an electrical engineer, is single. Upon his marriage the subject began farming on the home place which he has kept well improved and well cultivated so that it has retained its old time fertility and strength of soil. Here he has prospered through close application and good management and is considered one of the progressive farmers of his community. He has reduced the place until he now has only one hundred and thirty-three acres of good land, on which he carries on general farming and stock raising. feeding all kinds of stock. Politically. Mr. Clutter is a Democrat, though he is not a rigid adherent to his party. Since reaching manhood he has been interested in pubic affairs, and he has served as trustee of Morgan township, also was assessor and treasurer for a period of ten years. in succession, proving a most capable and faithful public servant. Tie has been a frequent delegate to party conventions. He is a member of the independent Order of Odd Fellows, the 738 - KNOX COUNTY. OHIO. Martinsburg Lodge, and he and his family belong to the Owl Creek Baptist church, of which he has been a member for forty-five years and a deacon for many years : he has always been active in church and Sunday school work, and has maintained the excellent reputation of his father and grandfather for sobriety. honesty and industry. GEORGE PARSON WAGNER. Taught in his youth to have system in his work, to lay his plans well and carry them to a finish with all promptness and carefulness possible. the success of George Parson Wagner, farmer of Middlebury township. is not to be wondered at, for he has ever done his own planning and his own work, never depending upon others to do what he could accomplish for himself. and. being a man who observes things as they are and who reads extensively, especially along lines pertaining to his work, he tries to farm according to twentieth-century methods. He is the scion of a well known family, members of which have sought to do their full share in the work of pushing forward the car of civilization in this locality, their examples being ever wholesome and praiseworthy. Mr. Wagner was born in Middlebury township, this county, on January 1, 1851. He is the son of Henry and Sarah Anna ( Jeffries) Wagner, the father born in Pennsylvania in 1822, and the mother in Wayne • township, Knox county, Ohio, in 1825. and the latter died on April 25, 1911 The father came to Ohio in his youth with his parents and here was married and devoted his life to farming. His family consisted of six children, four of whom are living, namely : George P., of this review Mrs. Sarah E. Martin William Henry, farmer of Middlebury township: John L. The father of these chil- dren died on May 16. 1903. For a full history of the Wagner family the reader is referred to the sketch of William Henry Wagner, appearing on another page of this work. George P. Wagner was reared on the home farm and he received his education in the common schools. Early in life he took up farming and threshing. In 1889 he bought a farm of eighty-five acres in Middlebury township, which he still owns and which he has brought up to a fine state of cultivation and improvement and on which he carries on general farming and stock raising. Politically. he is a Republican. and fraternally he is a member of the Knights of Pythias. KNOX COUNTY, OHIO - 739 Mr. Wagner was married on November 24, 1872, to Susan V. Lyon. a native of Knox county and the daughter of Isaac and Harriet (Craven) Lyon. a highly respected family who settled here in an early day from Maryland, and here Mrs. Wagner grew to womanhood and was educated in the common schools. Four children were born to the subject and wife. namely : Lewis B.. Corliss H., Jennie May and Earl J. The wife and mother was called to her rest in November, 1890, and on January 7, 1892. Mr. Wagner was married to Elizabeth Ellen Pancost, a native of this county and the daughter of David S. and Jane (Fenk) Pancost. an excellent old family of this county, in which the father was born and where Mrs. Wagner grew up and attended school. This union has been without issue. GEORGE W. HYATT. The subject of this review, a well known citizen of Liberty township,. Knox county, has been an important factor in agricultural circles, and his popularity is well deserved, as in him are embraced the characteristics of an unbending integrity, unabated energy and industry. He is public spirited and takes a deep interest in whatever tends to promote the intellectual and material welfare of the community honored by his residence. George W. Hyatt was born on March 12, 1856, in Clinton township, Knox county, Ohio. He is the son of Washington L. and Sarah (Hurd) Hyatt, the father born near Hagerstown. Maryland, February 5, 1829, and the mother born July 28, 1835. in Cornwall county, England, from which country she came to America when seven years old, direct to Knox county, Ohio, making the latter part of the trip on the canal, the ocean voyage comprising seven weeks. The father was also an early settler here. He devoted his life to farming and became one of the substantial and highly esteemed men of his community. He was a soldier in the Civil war, Company A, One Hundred and Forty-second Regiment, Ohio National Guard, and died while in the army at Point of Rocks, Virginia. His grave was located only two years ago at City Point. Virginia, the family having made a long search for it. The death of the mother occurred January 23, 1903. They were the parents of three children, namely : Ella. deceased; George W. of this sketch : and Sildia, now the wife of E. E. Pike of Lamar, Colorado. George W. Hyatt grew to manhood on the home farm. and he was only 740 - KNOX COUNTY, OHIO. twelve years of age when he was compelled to go to work to help support the family. He remained at home until his marriage, on October i o, 188o, to Eldora Cramer, (laughter of Michael W. and Elizabeth (Linson) Cramer. Two children have been born to this union, Clyde M.. who died May 14. 1906, and Lela, who married Benton C. Horn. Mrs. Horn graduated from the Conservatory of Music of Otterbein University in 1908. Mr. Hyatt has always been a farmer and he has met with a larger success than falls to the lot of the average tiller of the soil who has to start out with nothing and depend solely upon himself. He is now the owner of one of the best farms in his township, which comprises three hundred and twenty acres of fertile, well improved and well cultivated land. He formerly owned more land, but has sold a portion of it. He carries on general farming and stock raising, handling fine draft horses and sheep especially. He has a pleasant, well furnished home and good outbuildings. Politically, Mr. Hyatt is a Republican and he has always been interested in public matters. He and his family belong to the Methodist Protestant church and they are active in church and Sunday school affairs. Benton C. Horn, mentioned above, was born on September 27, 1882, in Butler township, Knox county. He is the son of Eli F. and Augusta (McLarnan) Horn, the father a farmer now of North Dakota. Benton C. Horn was educated in the country district schools and he has been teaching for three vears. A large part of his life has been devoted to farming and he enjoyed a wide reputation as a successful teacher, receiving the highest salary ever paid in Liberty township. During the summers he attended Wooster University and taught in Liberty township. Knox county, in the winters, for three years. He was married on December 28, 1909. Politically, he is a Republican. He belongs to the Knights of the Golden Eagle. He is a member of the Methodist Protestant church and is superintendent of the local Sunday school of this denomination. Mr. Horn held an agricultural exhibition and corn show in his school the past winter for the purpose of promoting an interest in agriculture. He awarded prizes for the best ten ears of seed corn selected by any pupil. He secured the services of the vice-president of the Ohio Corn Improvement Association to make an address and to act as judge of the corn exhibit. This wasthe first affair of the kind ever given by any school in the county, and probably in the state. That Mr. Horn is interested in his work can be assumed when it is learned that he personally paid all the expenses of the exhibit. Mr. Horn devotes much of his spare time to the reading of agricultural and educational literature. KNOX COUNTY, OHIO - 741 JOHN B. LLOYD. Men who love the esthetic and have eves for the beautiful, even along the most commonplace stretches of the path of life, are not numerous; most men pass by, unnoted, flowers, sunset shadows and moonlight effects; they may walk through the primeval woods and never hear a bird sing or take note of any of the caprices of the creatures of the wild—these have been transplanted by the practical things of life in the souls of most men. But now and then one is to be found who devotes his life to the gratification of this attribute rather than plunge into the maddening scramble for the material things of a prosaic world. John B. Lloyd, a noted photographer of Mt. Vernon, is one of the most conspicuous figures of the former class of men in Knox county, for he has made art his hobby and loves the beautiful and ideal. Mr. Lloyd was born on December 24, 1869, near Dayton, Montgomery county, Ohio. He was left parentless when about six months old and he became a ward of the Warren County Children's Home. When eight years of age he was taken into the family of a farmer of that locality where he worked for his board and clothes until he was sixteen years old. He had the privilege of attending school during that time, in the winter months, which constituted his only opportunity for acquiring an education. At the age of sixteen he engaged with a Warren county farmer for general farm work. with whom he remained two years, during which time he had the privilege of doing extra outside work; so he took a contract to clear fifty acres of timbered land, and, being a "husky'' lad, he worked early and late and did the work in a short time. He saved his money and when he was eighteen years old he had accumulated the sum o f eight hundred dollars. He had long had an ambition to become a photographer and so he arranged to enter the studio of L. E. Kratzer of Lebanon. Ohio. and he remained with him about a year and a half, when he embarked in business for himself at Ripley, Brown county. Ohio. but remained there a little less than a year when he sold his studio and went to Madisonville, Ohio, near Cincinnati, where he was employed in the studio of Young & Carl about three years, then followed a series of engagements at Lexington, Kentucky ; Toledo and Loraine, Ohio ; following which he became connected with the photographic department of the National Cash Register Company at Dayton. Ohio, and he remained in this responsible position until early in 1909. when he came to Mt. Vernon, and he opened a neat, attractive and well-equipped studio at the corner of Main and Vine streets, which is equipped with every modern accessory known in the photographic art. The excellent character and rare individuality of 742 - KNOX COUNTY, OHIO. Mr. Lloyd's work very soon began to attract attention and he has now acquired a large and rapidly growing business, his patrons coming from all parts of the county and surrounding towns. He has kept well to the fore in his line of endeavor, which art has undergone rapid and almost radical changes during the past decade. Mr. Lloyd was married on January 1, 1901, to Mary Catherine Emerick, daughter of Jonathan and Rebecca (Gowger) Emerick, a prosperous farmer of near Germantown, Ohio. This union has been without issue. Mr. Lloyd is deserving of a great deal of credit for what he has accomplished considering his early environment, and he is essentially a self-made man, a fine type of that sterling class of American citizens who make stepping-stones of adversities and refuse to be downed by untoward circumstances. He stands high in his profession and as a citizen, and his wife is a refined and cultured lady and an able assistant to Mr. Lloyd in his work. HENRY CURTIS DEVIN. An enumeration of the representative citizens of Knox county who have won recognition and success for themselves and at the same time have conferred honor upon the community would be incomplete were there failure to make mention of Henry Curtis Devin. who has long held worthy prestige in legal and political circles in this section of Ohio, and has always been distinctively a man of affairs, wielding a wide and potent influence among those with whom his lot has been cast., being one of those strong, self-reliant. progressive characters which are occasionally met with and who are of such a distinct type as to seem to be born leaders of their fellow men. Not that Mr. Devin courts that distinction. for he is entirely unassuming. but his great individuality and zeal in whatever he undertakes naturally place him at the head of the crowd and he has been a strong factor in shaping the destinies of the city of Mt. Vernon and vicinity, where he has spent his life. Selecting the law as his sphere, early in life, Mr. Devin has devoted himself principally to his profession, making himself what he is today, a thorough master of legal science in all its ramifications. The common law. the statutes of Ohio, the history, progress and growth of jurisprudence, as well as the higher and more abstruse principles of equity, are all completely at his command, constituting him a leader at the bar, which position is readily conceded him by his associates. KNOX COUNTY, OHIO - 743 Mr. Devin was born in Mt. Vernon, Ohio, on March 27, 1868, and is the son of Joseph C. and Ellen (Curtis) Devin. The mother was a native of Mt. Vernon and came of one of the distinguished families of the early days of the community, being the daughter of Henry B. and Elizabeth (Hogg) Curtis. Henry B. Curtis was of New England stock and came to Mt. Vernon in 1817 and soon engaged in the practice of law, becoming the leading citizen of the community, and prominent in the early professional and financial affairs of the state. Joseph Chambers Devin, father of Henry C., of this sketch, came to Mt. Vernon in 1849 from his boyhood home in Seville, Medina county, this state, and became a law student in the office of Columbus Delano, who later became a national figure. Joseph C. Devin, upon being admitted to the bar, began and always continued practice here. He formed a partnership with Samuel Israel and the law firm of Israel & Devin existed for many years. Later he formed a partnership with Henry L. Curtis, a brother-in-law. Joseph C. Devin was not only a prominent lawyer, but was also a leader in Republican politics of the county and state. He was at one time in the Legislature as state senator from the Mt. Vernon district, being the only Republican who has ever been so honored in this district, and he was chairman of the Republican county committee for a number of years and he was very active and influential in campaign work, both locally and in state affairs for many years. His counsel was often sought and was of weight. His death occurred in 1905 and that of his wife in 1907. Two children were born to Mr. and Mrs. Joseph C. Devin, Henry C.. of this review, and Elizabeth. who married William H. Pratt, of Kenilworth, Illinois. Both parents were members of the Episcopal church and were devout church people and numbered their friends only by the limits of their acquaintance. Henry C. Devin, of this review, was reared in Mt. Vernon and here attended the public schools, later Kenyon College. at Gambier, Ohio, from which institution he was graduated in 1888, being the third honor man in his class, with the degree of Bachelor of Philosophy. Following this with a postgraduate course, he received the degree of Master of Arts from that college in 1893. He is a member of the Alpha Delta Phi college fraternity, and also a member of the honorary fraternity of Phi Beta Kappa. After his graduation Mr. Devin spent some time in travel. then took up the study of law in his father's office in Mt. Vernon. and he was admitted to the bar in 1893 and he immediately began the practice of his profession, forming a partnership. in 1894. with Harry D. Critchfield, as Critchfield & Devin. which continued until 1898. Mr. Devin then practiced alone until 1901, when (48) 744 - KNOX COUNTY, OHIO. he formed a partnership with Dwight E. Sapp, as Sapp & Devin, which continued until Mr. Sapp's death, in July, 1910, since which time the subject has practiced alone. He was very successful from the first and has long enjoyed a large clientele. As a practitioner he is cautious, vigilant and indefatigable, contesting every point with unyielding tenacity and employing his vast store of legal knowledge in sustaining his positions and attacking those of his adversary. In argument he is clear, forcible, logical and convincing, his irreproachable personal character and untarnished honor giving him great weight with juries, and his known ability and learning equally impressing the bench. He practices in the district. state and federal courts. Mr. Devin was married on July 10, 1895. to Fanny E. Marsh, daughter of Major Fletcher E. and Mary (Eaton) Marsh. The mother died when the daughter was quite young. Major Marsh was a resident of Indianapolis and was formerly a major in the regular army. He is now living in Cincinnati. Two children have graced the union of the subject and wife. Fletcher M.. born August 16, 1896, and Elizabeth Curtis. born January 29. 1900. Politically. Mr. Devin is a Republican and he has always been active in party matters, but never an office seeker, and he has never held office. He has served on the Republican county central committee and has been prominent in the councils of the party. n fraternal matters he belongs to the Masonic order, the chapter, council and commanders, haying filled all the chairs and has also filled the posts of presiding officer of each of the different bodies. He is a member of the Ancient Arabic Order of Nobles of the Mystic Shrine. He and his wife are members of the Episcopal church and Mr. Devin belongs to the church vestry. Mr. Devin is interested in the banking business, being vice-president and a director in the New Knox National Bank. of Mt. Vernon, which was founded by his grandfather, Henry B. Curtis, and he wields no small amount of influence in local financial circles. He is also a large holder of town and county real estate, and has extensive interests in the gas and oil development of this section of Ohio. and is 110W a director of the Homer National Gas Company, a producing company. He is a man of large affairs and has been very successful in a business way. He was one of the organizers of the Mt. Vernon Telephone Company and is now a director and secretary of the company, much of its success having been due to his efforts and judicious management. He is also a director of the Utica and Homer Telephone Company, also a director in the Sunbury and Galena Telephone Company and a director in the Mt. Vernon Gas Light Company and he is connected with various other companies of different character. He is vice-president of the KNOX COUNTY, OHIO - 745 trustees of the Mt. Vernon Public Library, having held this position since 1897. The family home, a commodious and beautifully furnished dwelling of the colonial type, is located at No. lip' North Main street, being the old Curtis homestead where the subject's grandfather, Henry B. Curtis, spent the greater part of his life. This, one of the most attractive of the many splendid homes of Mt. Vernon, has long been noted for its hospitality and atmosphere of refinement, and is presided over with rare grace and dignity by Mrs. Devin, a lady of culture and refinement, and their home is the mecca of local social life. Mr. Devin has always taken a great interest in the advancement and prosperity of Knox county and endorses every movement which he believes will be a. benefit to humanity. He is a sociable gentleman and is held in the highest esteem by all who know him. His achievements represent the result of honest endeavor along lines where mature judgment has opened the way. He possesses a weight of character, a native sagacity, a discriminating tact and a fidelity of purpose that command the respect and approval of all with whom he is associated. He takes first rank among the prominent men of this locality and is a leader in professional, financial and business, civic and social affairs; cosmopolitan in his tastes, broad-minded, progressive in all that the term implies and a fine example of that virile American manhood which commands respect and admiration in every epoch and clime. WILLIAM C. ROCKWELL. One of the best known and most successful of the younger generation of lawyers of Knox county is William C. Rockwell, of Mt. Vernon. Mr. Rockwell was born on November 9. 1873, in Miller township, Knox county, Ohio. He is the son of William and Catherine J. (Mack) Rockwell, the father a native of Washington county, Pennsylvania, and the mother of Geauga county. Ohio. The father was a mere lad when his parents brought him to the Buckeye state, probably eleven years old. Here he grew to manhood, received his education in the old-fashioned schools, and here he was married, devoted his active life to farming and is still living at the age of seventy-three years, in Mt. Vernon ; the mother of the subject also survives. William C. Rockwell spent his youth until he was fourteen years of age in Miller township, this county, the family then moving to Mt. Vernon where they have since resided. He was educated in the district schools of Miller 746 - KNOX COUNTY, OHIO. township and the Mt. Vernon public schools, though his education was largely obtained outside the schools by personal application. Upon reaching young manhood he engaged in farm work by the month and when about seventeen years old he entered the employ of John Cooper & Company, learning the pattern-maker's trade; the factory finally burned down and with it his tools. and this seemingly untoward incident changed his course of life. He next engaged as a clerk in a grocery store, and began preparing himself for school teaching. He took up his work in the district schools of Knox county in 1898 and taught successfully for three years. While thus engaged he began the study of law with Sapp & Devin, a well known firm of Mt. Vernon, and later he read with Hon. L. B. Houck and was admitted to the bar in 1903. having made rapid progress. In 1907 he added real estate to his business and this has grown to large proportions. in fact, of late, he has given most of his attention to it. He specializes in farm lands and has been a very extensive dealer, his operations being confined largely to Knox county farm lands, of which he is an expert judge. He also handles city property. He has a peculiar ability in bringing together the men who want to buy farms and those who have them for sale. Mr. Rockwell has a record and a real estate business of which he may well feel proud, his sales running up into the hundreds of thousands of dollars annually. He is a diligent student of up-to-date methods, a hard worker, a good salesman and a strong and heavy advertiser, sparing neither time, brain nor money in his efforts to further his clients' interests and the establishing of his real estate business, which accounts for his success. Mr. Rockwell was married on July 8. 1903, to Ollie G. Sprindler, daughter of Silas A. and Isabella (Watson) Sprindler, a highly respected Knox county family. The father is deceased and the mother lives in Mt. Vernon. Mr. and Mrs. Rockwell have two children, a son and a daughter, Ona Marie and Ivan S. Politically, Mr. Rockwell is a Republican and he has always been interested in public matters and kept thoroughly informed, though he has never held office. He is progressive in local, state and national affairs, and he believes it the duty of every good citizen to keep well advised on current questions, political and otherwise, and exercise the duties of citizenship judiciously and conscientiously. He and his wife are members of the Baptist church of Mt. Vernon and are active in church and Sunday school work. The family home is at No. 210 Oak street, Mt. Vernon. Mrs. Rockwell devotes her time to her family and she is popular with a wide circle of friends, as is Mr. Rockwell, both being highly regarded throughout the community. KNOX COUNTY, OHIO - 747 IRVING C. MILLER. Without searching in musty tomes or the less satisfactory authority of tradition for lineage, it suffices to state in writing this brief sketch of a master of his craft that his progenitors were in the broadest sense high, their influence salutary and whose characters and sterling worth have been reproduced on their descendants. The present age is essentially commercial and the man of esthetic nature is the exception sordid dollar-getting seems to be paramount with most men they could get along just as well without ever beholding a beautiful painting, smelling a breath of flower-scented air or reading a poem. Such men as Irving C. Miller, well known and popular photographer of Mt. Vernon, who loves art for art's sake and who has the rare gift to see beauties in nature which the average man would pass by unheeded, are all too few. The world would be brighter, happier, better with more such characters, for it has been said that he who has an eye for beautiful things is never a bad man, he has no time to waste on the paltry things of earth, his thought is too exalted, his ideals too high. Mr. Miller was born on November 30, 1869, in Dayton, Ohio. He is the son of David and Susan (Garber) Miller, both natives of Ohio, where they were reared, educated and married. The father was a carpenter and contractor, spending most of his life in Dayton, where he was regarded as a very skilled workman and successful contractor, erecting many of the city's substantial and attractive buildings. His death occurred about thirty-five years ago. his widow surviving until 1901. Irving C. Miller spent his childhood and youth in Dayton and attended the Dayton public schools, later entering the Ohio State Normal at Ada, taking the art and literary course. He then took up the study of photography in the Bunker studio in Dayton. He then went to 'Wichita, Kansas, where he worked two years, and for a time in Kansas City. Returning to Ohio, he located in various towns, later working in a studio in New Castle, Pennsylvania, and remained there several years. In 1899 he came to Mt. Vernon, Ohio, and on September 15th of that year opened a studio for himself and here he has since remained. He gave his employers eminent satisfaction and, being a close observer and always a student, became exceptionally well equipped for his chosen life work, so that he met with success from the first when he established himself in this city and he now enjoys a very wide patronage throughout the county. He has a neat, well arranged and modernly equipped studio for all kinds of photographic work, which is of the highest grade possible, all modern methods being employed that are meeting the approval of the best photographers in the country. 748 - KNOX COUNTY, OHIO. Mr. Miller was married on November 23, 1898, to Nellie Sabelia Flocken, daughter of Michael and Elizabeth (Rupensburger) Flocken, a highly esteemed family of Bucyrus, Ohio. These parents were born in Germany, from which country they emigrated to America when young in years and were married here. The union of the subject and wife has been without issue. Mr. Miller's favorite form of recreation is automobiling, which both he and his wife greatly enjoy. They are pleasant people to meet and since coming to Mt. Vernon have won a host of friends. REV. LAWRENCE WILLIAM MULHANE. Enjoying marked prestige among the clergy of southeastern Ohio, Rev. Lawrence 'William Mulhane, the able and popular pastor of St. Vincent de Paul's Catholic church, of Mt. Vernon, Knox county, stands out a clear and distinct figure among the useful men of this locality. Characterized by breadth of wisdom and strong individuality, his achievements but represent the utilization of innate talent and fidelity to duty, fearlessly advocating the truth and right, having accomplished much toward ameliorating the condition of his fellow men, often laboring with disregard for his own welfare if thereby he might attain the object sought—to make someone better, happier. Such a life is eminently deserving of emulation, being singularly free from all that is deteriorating or paltry, for his influence has been at all times uplifting and thousands of people have been made better for having known him. Rev. Mr. Mulhane was born on February 21, 1856, in Massachusetts. He is the son of Dennis and Mary Mulhane. When he was but a boy his parents moved to Ohio, locating at Marietta, where the family home has since been maintained. The subject attended the common schools until he was twelve years of age, then entered the Marietta Academy, where he prepared for Marietta College, which he entered at the age of fourteen, being the youngest student ever entering the freshman class of that historic institution. In 1871, and again in 1872, he was honored by being one of the college public declaimers and when fifteen years old he received the second college prize for oratory. In September, 1872. he began preparation for the Catholic ministry. On invitation of Bishop Rosecrans, he entered St. Aloysius Seminary in Columbus, Ohio, then presided over by Father Gallagher. later bishop of Galveston, and here he remained four vears. taking one year KNOX COUNTY, OHIO - 749 in philosophy and three in theology. In 1876 he became a member of Bishop Rosecrans' household, and here began by private study to prepare to enter the famous college, Propaganda de Fide, in Rome, Italy. The death of Bishop Rosecrans changed his plans and, not being of proper age to enter the priesthood, he remained at the episcopal house, in the meantime writing for the Catholic Columbian until November 7, 1879, when he was ordained to the Catholic priesthood by the late Archbishop Purcell and was immediately assigned to duty as assistant rector of St. Joseph's cathedral on Broad street, Columbus, Ohio. The following year, 188o, when the late Bishop \Vatterson was appointed bishop of Columbus, Father Mulhane was chosen by him as secretary and chancellor of the diocese, a position of great importance and responsibility. He held this office five years, and on October 1, 1885, he was appointed to take charge of St. Vincent de Paul's parish at Mt. Vernon, Ohio. He found the finances of the parish in bad condition and at once began to talk of paying off the accumulated debt. This he accomplished by the generous aid of the parishioners in exactly seven years. On the 1st of October, 1892, the old debt, amounting to nearly twenty thousand dollars, was wiped out. During this time improvements to the church costing nearly three thousand dollars were also made, and he had carried on the church work untiringly along many lines so that it became one of the strongest churches in the state, the congregation growing in numbers and the general work strengthened. The town of Mt. Vernon was founded in 1803 and four years later the first Catholic settled here. The first mass ever said in Mt. Vernon was celebrated by Bishop Purcell. May 23, 1834, at the home of David Morton, a zealous adherent of the faith. The Bishop's next visit was in 1836 and mass was celebrated in what was known as the Banning church. Judge Anthony Banning, who was a Protestant minister, erected a small church on his land; he was an extremely liberal man and while he held tenaciously to his religious views, he accorded to others the same right and when churches and even the court house was closed to Bishop Purcell, Judge Banning offered his church and Catholic services were held there and there the first Catholic sermon was preached. For many years after this mass was said in the home of David Morgan by the. priest who occasionally visited the growing flock. The number of Catholic families increased steadily and priests who visited Danville in the eastern part of Knox county also came to Mt. Vernon until Father Lamy was appointed pastor of St. Luke's in Danville in the fall of 1839, with charge of Mt. Vernon, and was urged by the bishop to begin a church here as soon as possible. Dn July. 1842, the church at Mt. Vernon