450 - TOLEDO AND LUCAS COUNTY times sought and freely given to projects for the public good. He died on the 30th of June, 1910, at his home at No. 572 Nebraska avenue, and there were many friends who felt the deepest regret at his passing, for his social qualities had endeared him to all with whom he was associated. He was a member of the Teutonia Maennerchor and also belonged to the German Pioneer Society, while his political allegiance was given to the republican party. With his family he attended the services of St. Paul's Lutheran church. CARL H. SCHUTTLER Along two distinct lines Carl H. Schuttler has advanced steadily toward the goal of success. He is an appraisal engineer and also a chartered accountant. In both fields his labors have been most carefully and wisely directed, and in both he has gained a place of prominence. His life story is an interesting one, inasmuch as his career illustrates what can be accomplished through definite purpose and indefatigable energy. Mr. Schuttler was born in Wheeling, West Virginia, May 22, 1887, and is the son of Joseph and Caroline (Wiedebusch) Schuttler, whose family also includes two daughters : Loretta, chief operator for the Bell Telephone Company at Wheeling ; and Marie, wife of Dr. E. V. Arbaugh, physician and surgeon at Martins Ferry, Ohio. The public school training of Carl H. Schuttler was supplemented by a four years' course in the Lehigh Univers192 which he attended from 1912 to 1916, there receiving the degree of Mechanical Engineer. Prior to his college education, however, he had eight years, practical experience in the workaday world, for in 190pearsntered the employ of S8pears & Riddle as a machinist apprentice and there gained extensive experience in the operation of all of the standard machine tools. While continuing in the employ of that firm he also pursued a course in mechanical engineering by home study under the direction of the International Correspondence School. In 1907 he became identified with the engineering department of the Wheeling Corrugating Company as a draftsman, and in 1909 he was employed by the Wheeling Mold & Foundry Company as a designer of rolling mill machinery. Later he was given charge of the construction and equipment of the open-hearth steel foundry for the Wheeling Mold & Foundry Company, and was next promoted to the capacity of works engineer. In 1916 he entered the engineering department of the Koppers Company, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, builders of by product coke and gas plants, as a designer and then as purchasing engineer. Desirous of aiding his country, he did government work as one of the staff of the United States Shipping Board, Emergency Fleet Corporation. As assistant district supply manager in the Youngstown district, he controlled the production of marine engines, turbines, deck machinery and all auxiliary mechanical equipment for the shipping board until he entered the Field Artillery Officers' Training School. Being honorably discharged after the signing of the armistice, Mr. Schuttler returned to the United States Shipping Board as senior examiner on cancellations, continuing until August, 1919, when he entered upon his present business in Toledo. He is senior member of the firm of Carl H. Schuttler & Company who engage in appraisal engineering and to some extent in accounting service. His knowledge of accountancy was gained through study at Lehigh University and practical experi- TOLEDO AND LUCAS COUNTY - 453 ence in executive positions, and his high standing in this profession is indicated by the fact that he has been awarded the degree of Fellow Chartered Accountant by one of the leading national accountants' organizations. His activities have been broad and at all times he has discharged his duties so skillfully and capably as to win the highest endorsement of the interests he served. His chief work is the appraisal of industrial, commercial and public utility properties. The appraisal of public utility properties is most frequently made for the basis of rate adjustments and general financing, while the appraisal of industrial and commercial properties is most frequently made for insurance adjustment purposes, and as the basis for sale, general financing or cost accounting purposes. In many cases of public utility rate adjustments it is desirable that the appraisal of the property and the audit of the books of account be made under the direction of the same person. In the various phases and intricacies of the two professions with which he is identified, diverse as they seem to be, he has shown marked skill and efficiency. Step by step he has advanced, doing with thoroughness everything that he has undertaken. Difficult problems and obstacles in his path act only as an impetus for intensive effort. He, too, has had a motto, which says : "Efficiency is the summation of reason, and success is the summation of efficient service." While in college he became a member of the Kappa Sigma fraternity, also he is a member of the American Society of Mechanical Engineers and a fellow of the Institute of Chartered Accountants. In addition to these professional organizations he is active in various business and social organizations. EDWARD G. JETTER The career of Edward G. Jetter affords an excellent illustration of what can be accomplished through determined effort and indefatigable industry, when guided by intelligence and sound judgment. Starting out in life empty-handed, he has worked his way steadily upward, prompted thereto by a laudable ambition, until he is now controlling a large productive industry, being president of the Toledo Mirror Works Company. He was born in Ann Arbor, Michigan, February 21, 1881, a son of John and Fredericka (Wittlinger) Jetter, both of whom were natives of Germany and came to the United States in early life. The father devoted his attention to the cultivation and improvement of a farm. The mother passed away at Ann Arbor in 1907, and the father's demise occurred in that city in 1914. Edward G. Jetter, the third in order of birth in a family of ten children, was graduated from the high school at Ann Arbor, Michigan, in 1901 and afterward came to Toledo, securing a position with the Star Hardware Company at a salary of three dollars per week. He remained with that firm for two and a half years and then entered the employ of the Crystal Mirror Company, later purchasing an interest in the business, which was reorganized on the 1st of December, 1906, at which time the present style of the Toledo Mirror Works Company was adopted. He is now serving as its president and through judicious management and untiring industry has succeeded in establishing the business upon a very substantial basis. In 1914 a modern plant was erected by the company and they now utilize from twenty to thirty people in the operation of their business, which is one of large proportions. At Ann Arbor, Michigan, on the 10th of June, 1908, Mr. Jetter was married 454 - TOLEDO AND LUCAS COUNTY to Miss Emma Feldkamp, a daughter of Mr. and Mrs. Henry B. Feldkamp of that city. Mr. and Mrs. Jetter have two children : Irma, whose birth occurred in 1909; and Edward, born in 1915. They are natives of Toledo and both are attending the public schools. Mr. and Mrs. Jetter attend the Congregational church and he gives his political support to the republican party. He is a Chapter Mason and is also connected with the Benevolent Protective Order of Elks, the Toledo Commefce Club, the Maumee River Yacht Club and the Kiwanis Club. In his vocabulary there is no such word as fail. He has ever recognized the fact that each day and hour has its opportunity and that effort intelligently put forth must ultimately win its reward, and in the fulness of time he has reaped the reward of sound judgment, indefatigable industry and capable management, being recognized as one of the successful business men and progressive citizens of Toledo. ALFRED JOHNSON Alfred Johnson, vice president of the Atlas Chemical Company, a two million dollar corporation, is one of Toledo's representative young business men. Coming to this city to make it his future home, he has accomplished that which makes Toledo proud of his achievements and judged by the past his future career will be well worth watching. Mr. Johnson came to Ohio from the west and is imbued with the spirit of undaunted progress and enterprise, which has ever been a dominant factor in the rapid upbuilding of the western territory. He was born in Meeker, Colorado, March 5, 1888, and is a son of P. A. and Christina ( Johnson) Johnson, both of whom were of European birth and came to the United States in early life, settling in Colorado, where the father has since developed large interests, both along commercial lines and in connection with cattle raising and he is still very active there. The mother passed away in that state. In their family were two children, one son, Frank Johnson, being still a resident of Meeker, Colorado. In his boyhood days Alfred Johnson attended the public schools of his native city and afterward became a student in the Colorado Agricultural College, from which he received the degrees of Bachelor of Science and Electrical Engineer at his graduation with the class of 1911. He then secured a position as an apprentice with the Denver Gas & Electric Company at Denver, Colorado, and later was transferred to Warrensburg, Missouri, where he was made chief engineer of the Warrensburg Light, Heat & Power Company. He remained there, however, for only eight months and then went to Sedalia, Missouri, where he accepted the superintendency of the gas and ice department of the Sedalia City Light & Traction Company, remaining at that place for two years. He came to Toledo in 1916 as gas engineer for the Toledo Railway & Light Company and when he had resigned his public utility position on the 1st of April, 1918, he became associated with the Atlas Chemical Company, manufacturers of industrial gas and residual chemicals. Of this corporation he has since been the vice president and the success of the undertaking is attributable in no small measure to his progressive methods and his dynamic power as a factor in the business world. He is also a director and the vice president of the Carbon Chemical Company and of the Anchor Realty Company, both Toledo corporations and he is likewise identified with the Republican Construction Company of this city. TOLEDO AND LUCAS COUNTY - 455 On the 24th of June, 1916, Mr. Johnson was married to Miss Nellie Lee Buford, of Gorin, Missouri, daughter of Mr. and Mrs. W. L. Buford. They have one son, Richard D., born in Toledo August 25, 1921. Mr. Johnson votes with the republican party, having given to it stalwart allegiance since age conferred upon him the right of franchise. He is a Royal Arch Mason and belongs to the Toledo Automobile Club and the Toledo Commerce Club. He is also a member of the American Gas Association and of the American Society of Mechanical Engineers. He has attained high rank in professional circles, working his way upward not through aid or influence but by individual effort and gaining a notable place of distinction by reason of his highly developed powers and his progressiveness. He is thoroughly wide-awake to every opportunity and alert to every chance that is offered for legitimate advancement in the business field and few young men of his years in Toledo have equaled him in the measure of their achievements. JAMES GILBERT WOODWARD James Gilbert Woodward, concentrating his attention upon the study of the business with which he is identified, has become thoroughly familiar with every phase of the trade and has been largely instrumental in winning the liberal patronage now enjoyed by the Brown, Eager & Hull Company, wholesale stationers and dealers in toys. His official connection with this house is that of vice president and sales manager and as an executive he is largely instrumental in shaping the policy and directing the destiny of the business. Mr. Woodward has always been a resident of Ohio, his birth having occurred in Bryan; this state, on the 14th of November, 1873, his parents being Alexander and Ella F. (Latimore) Woodward. No special advantages came to James G. Woodward in his youthful days. He attended the country schools near Bryan, there mastering the elementary branches of learning and later he had the opportunity to continue his education in the public schools of Toledo, but on reaching the age of fourteen he was forced to put aside his textbooks and provide for his own support. His initial position in the business world was that of office boy and from that low round on the ladder he has climbed steadily to success. For a time he was shipping clerk in a woodenware house and later was sent out upon the road as a traveling salesman. Each change of position brought him a different line of duties and widened his knowledge and experience concerning commercial methods so that he was continually broadening the foundation upon which to build his success after starting in business on his own account. It was in 1910 that he purchased an interest in the Brown, Eager & Hull Company, wholesale dealers in stationery and toys. This house controls a large trade and Mr. Woodward has contributed in notable measure to the steady growth of the business through his activities as vice president and sales manager. The ramifying trade relations of the house cover a wide territory and the firm name is synonymous with reliability, enterprise and progressiveness. On the 6th of July, 1910, Mr. Woodward was married to Miss Anna F. Maroney of Olean, New York, and they have one son, James Daniel, whose birth occurred February 5, 1917. Mr. Woodward belongs to the Chamber of Commerce, being in hearty sympathy with the work of that organization to upbuild the city. to extend its business connections and to maintain all those interests which are a matter of civic virtue and of civic pride. He has,membership in the Masonic 456 - TOLEDO AND LUCAS COUNTY fraternity, having attained the Knights Templar degree In Toledo Commandery, No. 7, and he also belongs to the Illinois Commercial Men's Association and to the Crescent Club. He early displayed the elemental strength of his character and with the passing years has developed his powers until he is today one of the forceful and resourceful merchants of Toledo, while at the same time his interests have expanded in relation to public duties and public service. His aid and cooperation are never withheld from projects for the general good and his endorsement of a measure constitutes a factor which wins for it a considerable following. WILLIAM NICHOLS TRACY Following his removal from the east to Toledo William Nichols Tracy largely devoted his attention to real estate activity, handling his own property, and in the course of years gained a very substantial measure of success because of his wise and judicious investments. Thus it was that he was able to leave his family in very comfortable financial circumstances when he passed away in 1909. He was at that time sixty-three years of age, his birth having occurred near Rochester, New York, on the 11th of May, 1846, his parents being Doria and Almira (Nichols) Tracy. The father was for thirty-six years one of the leading citizens of Toledo, where he was prominently connected with business interests and won a well deserved success. He was born in Richmond, Berkshire county, Massachusetts, May 18, 1808, and spent his boyhood on a farm in New England, gleaning his education from the public schools and at a local academy. When eighteen years of age he was apprenticed to the spinner's and weaver's trade, which he followed for about five years and then turned his attention to mercantile interests in Pittsfield, Massachusetts. But after a time he disposed of his business affairs there and removed to the state of New York, where he engaged in farming and manufacturing between the years of 1844 and 1850. He then established his residence in Allegany county, New York, where he built a sawmill and afterward concentrated his attention upon the lumber business until 1867. In that year he removed westward, taking up his abode in Toledo, where he was extensively engaged in caring for and promoting his various business interests. In this general line of endeavor he achieved a large measure of success and for thirty-six years was one of Toledo's foremost citizens and leading men of affairs. He came into possession of many valuable properties, including the Aldine Hotel, also the business blocks occupied by J. Melvin & Company and S. H. Knox & Company, together with one of the buildings occupied by the Lamson Brothers. Mr. Tracy, Sr., was twice married. In 1832 he wedded Lucretia Hatch, who died in 1836. He afterward married Almira Nichols, who passed away in 1869. Their son, William Nichols Tracy, was born after the removal of his parents from New England to New York. He acquired a good education in the public schools and when twenty-one years of age came to Toledo. He went to live on the fruit farm at Eaglepoint but after a time returned to the city and with his father acquired much property, investing largely in real estate and giving personal supervision and attention to the management of his holdings. He owned many houses in different parts of the city and from his realty possessions derived a gratifying annual income. At the age of twenty-one years Mr, Tracy married Sarah Foster, who became. TOLEDO AND LUCAS COUNTY - 459 the mother of three children and who died in 1897. The children of this marriage are : Clarence A., of Toledo ; W. Ernest, of Millbury, Ohio ; and Doria, of Auburn, Indiana. On June 20, 1898, Mr. Tracy wedded Stella I. Bowers, a daughter of Isaac and Jane (Camp) Bowers of Perrysburg, Ohio, and to this marriage two children were born : Ruth J., who died in infancy ; and Robert William, who was the gold medal scholar among the boys of the class of 1920, Scott high school, and is now a student at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology at Boston, Massachusetts, pursuing a special course in physics. He is expert in the handicraft of cabinet work and while a student in manual training at Scott high school he constructed a number of pieces of fine furniture, specimens of which are used as examples and models of the finest work of the kind turned out by that department of the high school. The family. are members of the Congregational church and Mrs. Tracy occupies an attractive home at No. 1023 Lincoln avenue. Mr. Tracy was a republican in his political views, always loyally supporting the party because of his belief in its principles. He died on August 26, 1909, being then sixty-three years of age. For more than forty years he had been a resident of Toledo and was widely known and highly esteemed throughout the city, his circle of friends being almost coextensive with the circle of his acquaintances. ELMER E. DAVIS It is a commonly accepted opinion that the man who is a success in the professions does not possess those qualities which make for advancement in commercial or industrial lines, but the record of Elmer E. Davis stands as a refutation of this belief, because he is both an able and prominent attorney and a well known figure in mercantile and other lines, wherein he displays keen sagacity and sound judgment. Moreover, he displayed the elemental strength of his character by earning the money that enabled him to pursue his law course, after which he became a student in the University of Michigan and there qualified for the bar. He is a native son of Perry county, Ohio, born October 31, 1865, his parents being Robert and Alcinda (Thorpe) Davis. The father was a native of Pennsylvania but was brought to Ohio by his parents when only two years of age. The mother was born in the Empire state and came to Ohio at the age of three years. After reaching manhood and womanhood they were married in Perry county, Ohio, where they resided until October, 1888, when a removal was made to a farm four miles south of Newark, in Licking county. There Mr. Davis engaged in farming, carefully cultivating his fields to the time of his death and winning a substantial measure of prosperity by the thorough and competent manner in which he carried on his agricultural interests. He passed away in 1920, his death being deeply regretted not only by his immediate family but by many friends. Six children were born to Mr. and Mrs. Robert Davis : Alonzo, who died in 1916 ; Elmer E. ; Orlando, who is now engaged in farming on the old homestead ; Emma, also residing on the old home place ; Harley, living in Fort Wayne, Indiana ; and Edwin T., who now lives in Newark, Ohio. In his boyhood days Elmer E. Davis was a pupil in the district schools near his father's farm and later he attended the New Straitsville high school, from which he was graduated. Feeling the necessity of entering upon a gainful occupation at that time, he at once secured work and was employed in various ways until 460 - TOLEDO AND LUCAS COUNTY he had saved from his earnings a sufficient sum of money to meet his expenses as a law student. He then matriculated in the University of Michigan, from which he was graduated in June, 1891, and in the fall of that year he came to Toledo. Here he entered upon active practice and through the intervening years has followed his profession, enjoying a large clientage as he has demonstrated his ability to cope with intricate and involved legal problems. He enjoys the respect and confidence of his fellow members in the Toledo Bar Association and in the Ohio State Bar Association and there are many who speak most commendably of his methods in the court and his close conformity to the highest ethical standards of the profession. In business, too, he is well known, being director and secretary of the Secor Hotel Company and vice president and one of the directors of the C. A. Mauk Lumber Company. He is also associated with other substantial business enterprises of the city, of which he has been the organizer or promoter, and his judgment is regarded as sound in relation to business opportunities and advantages. On the 6th of September, 1904, Mr. Davis was married to Miss Grace L. Richards of Toledo, daughter of Harry G. Richards, and they have many friends in this city, the hospitality of the best homes being freely accorded them. Mr. Davis gives his political allegiance to the republican party and he served as a member of the common council of Toledo in 1893. He belongs to the Masonic fraternity, in which he has attained high rank, as is indicated in the fact that he is now a thirty-second degree Mason and Noble of the Mystic Shrine. He belongs to the Toledo Commerce Club and to the Northwestern Ohio Historical Society. His interests are broad and varied, touching those activities which are forces in progressive society—those forces which tend to advance the material, intellectual, social and moral progress of community and commonwealth. His residence is at No. 2425 Scottwood avenue. WILLIAM SHERMAN ARBOGAST There is perhaps no record in this volume which is more truly that of a self-made man than the life history of William Sherman Arbogast, who, actuated by a laudable ambition and manifesting at all times determination, energy and enterprise has worked his way steadily upward through individual merit and ability until he is now at the head of a most substantial business, conducted' under the name of the Arbogast Tire & Supply Company, of which he is the president. A native of Akron, Ohio, he was born May 24, 1887, his parents being Suvarrow S. and Martha C. (Pressler) Arbogast. He attended the public schools and in his boyhood entered the employ of the Goodyear Tire & Rubber Company, working his way steadily upward during the eight years of his connection with that corporation until he became familiar with each phase of the business to the finished product of rubber goods. In 1910 he engaged in the auto tire business at Dayton, Ohio, there remaining until 1913, when his establishment was wiped out by the flood. He started with a capital of but five dollars and had built up a big business when the flood came and he lost all, leaving him in debt. Through the assistance of friends, however, he started again, paid off all indebtedness and reestablished his business upon a profitable basis but afterward sold out on account of a nervous breakdown. After a period of rest and recuperation he came to Toledo, TOLEDO AND LUCAS COUNTY - 463 in the spring of 1914, bringing with him a capital of less than three thousand dollars. Here he opened a store twenty by fifty feet for the sale of automobile tires and accessories and today he occupies a five-story building sixty by one hundred and twenty feet and has a branch store twenty-two by eighty feet. He does tire repairing and vulcanizing, while the second floor of the building is used for washing and storage, the third floor for general repair work of all classes and the fourth and fifth floors for storage. In 1915 the business was incorporated under the name of the Arbogast Tire & Supply Company, of which he is the president and directing head. Under his guidance the business has steadily developed, so that in nine years it has grown from a business of twenty thousand dollars annually to over a half million. The work in his establishment is all of the best class and the company maintains a splendid reputation for the excellence of its service and the reliability of its business methods. On the 29th of November, 1909, at Akron, Ohio, Mr. Arbogast was married to Miss Crystal Lichtenwalter. He has reared and educated two of his sister's children, Harold and Glenn McCoy. Fraternally Mr. Arbogast is a thirty-second degree Mason and Mystic Shriner and is also connected with the Benevolent Protective Order of Elks, the Independent Order of Odd Fellows and the Loyal Order of Moose. He likewise has membership in the Toledo Automobile Club and the Kiwanis Club and in the Chamber of Commerce, while the further nature of his interests is indicated in his connection with the Toledo Museum of Art. He cooperates in all those forces which make for higher ideals in citizenship and for the advancement of civic and personal standards and he is today one of the valued and respected business men and residents of his adopted city. RALPH REMICK COMSTOCK Ralph Remick Comstock, who is at the head of the Ralph R. Comstock Agency, conducting an insurance business as general agent for the Ohio National Life Insurance Company of Cincinnati, was born in Sylvania, Ohio, November 24, 1887, his parents being Clark Nelson and Sarah Ann (Litten) Comstock. The father was a farmer, following that occupation in the vicinity of Sylvania for a number of years, but is now living retired at the age of seventy-five, enjoying in well earned rest the fruits of his former toil. Ralph R. Comstock obtained a public school education in his native city, mastering the work in successive grades and in the high school. In early manhood he became a professional baseball pitcher and at different periods has been associated with the Boston and Detroit teams of the American League and also with the Pittsburgh team of the Federal League. In October, 1918, Mr. Comstock entered the life insurance field as representative of the Missouri State Life Insurance Company, with which he remained until April, 1921, when he became connected with the Mutual Life Insurance Company of New York as special agent at Toledo. He is thoroughly systematizing and developing the business and is proving a strong and forceful representative of insurance interests in this section of the state. On the 2d of October, 1913, Mr. Comstock was married to Miss Florence Irene La France of Duluth, Minnesota, and they have one child, Gene Florence. Mr. Comstock finds his recreation in billiards and golf and he has fraternal connection 464 - TOLEDO AND LUCAS COUNTY with the Masonic order, in which he has attained the thirty-second degree of the Scottish Rite and has become a member of the Mystic Shrine. He is loyal to the teachings and purposes of the craft, closely following its tenets, and he has gained many friends during the period of his residence in Toledo. HAROLD ALONZO KING Harold Alonzo King, assistant secretary of the Toledo Mortgage Company, which was organized in 1920, is well known in real estate circles, where his activities, prompted by a most progressive spirit, have produced substantial results. Mr. King was born in Toledo, January 2, 1887, and is a son of Albert Horatio and Sarah M. (Brailey) King. He obtained a public school education, mastering the work of successive grades and also at the Central high school, and then initiated his business career by securing the position of cashier in the freight department of the Lake Shore & Michigan Southern Railroad. He occupied that position for a number of years and was then made purchasing agent and assistant secretary of the Home Phone Company, with which corporation he continued for a period of five years. In February, 1915, he entered the insurance department of the Reuben Realty Company, of which he is now treasurer. He was also made assistant secretary of the Toledo Mortgage Company and he is interested in several of the subsidiary Reuben companies. His business interests are thus extensive and important and have brought him prominently to the front in realty and insurance circles. Mr. King was married April 2, 1910, to Miss Mabel A. Sullivan, a native of Toledo, and they have become parents of two children, James Harold and Robert Alonzo. Mr. King is a loyal follower of Masonic teachings, having taken the degrees of lodge, chapter and commandery and also is a member of the Mystic Shrine. He likewise belongs to the Benevolent Protective Order of Elks and to the Maumee River Yacht Club and the Chamber of Commerce. His interests are broad and varied and his progressive spirit is a dominant factor in the attainment of his purposes. To this he adds sound judgment, as manifest in every relation of life, and his fellow townsmen accord him place as a representative business man here, extending to him their confidence, goodwill and respect by reason of what he has achieved and the straightforward methods he has ever followed. WILBUR H. BUNKER Wilbur H. Bunker, treasurer of the Mather Spring Company, is a native son of Toledo who is filling an important position in one of the city's leading industrial organizations. He was born August 3, 1886, a son of Henry S. and Mary Caroline (Walbridge) Bunker. The father was an honored veteran of the Civil war and later served for some time as a colonel of the Ohio National Guard. He was a lawyer by profession and for many years successfully engaged in practice in Toledo, where he passed away in 1900. The mother is still a resident of this city. In their family were two children, Cora H. and Wilbur H., both of Toledo. Completing his education at the Central high school of this city, Wilbur H. Bunker started out in the world on his own account and was variously employed TOLEDO AND LUCAS COUNTY - 465 until 1915, when he became connected with the Mather Spring Company, with which he has since been identified. In the path of an orderly progression, he steadily advanced until he was at length made treasurer of the company, which is one of the largest manufacturers of automobile springs in the country. In Toledo, on the 24th of July, 1913, Mr. Bunker was united in marriage to Miss Charlotte B. Stager, a daughter of Mr. and Mrs. Charles Stager, prominent residents of this city. Mr. Bunker is a member of Trinity Episcopal church and his political views are in accord with the tenets of the Republican party. He is a member of the Toledo Chamber of Commerce and has always stood for progress and improvement in municipal affairs. He deserves much credit for what he has accomplished, for his present connection is the direct outcome of his persistency of purpose and close application. He is a young man of strict integrity and moral worth, as indicated by the high esteem in which he is held by those among whom his life has been passed. Mr. Bunker's residence is at No. 408 Islington street. WILLIAM J. FRITSCHE The bar of Toledo finds a leading representative in William J. Fritsche, whose devotion to his clients' interests, combined with his comprehensive knowledge of the principles of jurisprudence, have made him an able lawyer, effective in the work of the courts. He was born in Ottawa county, Ohio, May 5, 1877, and his parents were Christian F. and Dorothy (Langschwager) Fritsche, both of whom were of European birth and came to the United States at an early period in their lives. Coming to Ohio, they located near Lacarne, in Ottawa county; where the father devoted his remaining years to the occupation of farming, becoming the owner of a well improved and valuable property, and both Mr. and Mrs. Fritsche are now deceased. In their family were ten children, five of whom survive, namely : Charles H., whose home is at Lacarne, Ohio ; Robert J., a resident of Oakharbor, this state; Edward J., who is living at Lacarne; Mrs. Amelia Michel, also a resident of Oakharbor ; and William J. After completing his public school course Mr. Fritsche spent one term as a student at Valparaiso University of Indiana and then entered Columbian (now the George Washington) University of Washington, D. C., from which he was graduated on the 31st of May, 1904, with the LL. B. degree. Coming to Toledo, Mr. Fritsche has since successfully engaged in the practice of law in this city, first as a member of the firm of Fritsche & Kruse, which was continued as such for a year; at the end of that time the present style of Fritsche, Kruse & Winchester was adopted. They conduct a general law business and have gained high standing in legal circles of the city, the list of their clients being now an extensive one. Mr. Fritsche is most thorough in the preparation of his cases and in trial he is ready and resourceful, while his logic carries conviction to the minds of court and jury. On the 25th of September, 1906, Mr. Fritsche married Miss Luella W. Albrecht, a daughter of Mr. and Mrs. William J. Albrecht, well known residents of this city, and they have become the parents of three children : Luella, whose birth occurred August 10, 1908, and who is now attending the public schools ; William J., Jr., who was born February 3, 1914, and is a public school pupil ; and Barbara D., born February 17, 1921. 466 - TOLEDO AND LUCAS COUNTY Mr. and Mrs. Fritsche are members of St. Mathew's Lutheran church and in politics he maintains an independent attitude, considering the qualifications of a candidate of greater importance than party ties. He is a member of the Toledo Automobile Club and his professional connections are with the Lucas County Bar Association and the Commercial Law League of America. He possesses an analytical, well trained mind and is an earnest and conscientious student and an indefatigable worker. He is fully alive to the important duties of his profession and is deserving of the high esteem in which he is held by his fellowmen. FRANK WILLIAM DUFFECK Frank William Duffeck, who occupies a foremost position in engineering circles of Toledo, is head of the Electric Power Maintenance Company and is also prominently connected with other large business enterprises, all of which are contributing materially to the industrial activity of the city. He was born in Sandusky, Ohio, May 2, 1883, and his parents, Gustave and Mina (Fischer) Duffeck, were of European birth. In early life they came to the United States, settling in Sandusky, Ohio, where the father later engaged in operating a brewery. He passed away in that city in January, 1914, when fifty-four years of age. The mother is now a resident of Toledo. Three children were born to their union: Henry, Mrs. Alma Halm, and Frank W., all of Toledo. In the acquirement of an education Frank William Duffeck attended the grammar and high schools of Sandusky, Ohio, and afterward completed a course in electrical engineering, to which he has since devoted his attention. His professional training was obtained with the Warren Electric Manufacturing Company of Sandusky and as their representative he installed electric power plants for firms in various localities, gaining an expert knowledge of the work. In the interests of that company he came to Toledo and after completing the task assigned him Mr. Duffeck decided to establish himself in business in this city, being favorably impressed with conditions here, and subsequent years have proven his choice to be a wise one. In 1910 he entered into copartnership with A. E. Buchenberg in the Electric Power Maintenance Company, which enterprise was a success from the start. In 1915 Mr. Duffeck purchased his' partner's interest and has since been sole owner of the business, which has become one of the largest individual concerns of this character to be found either in this country or in Canada. Mr. Duffeck's practical experience and clear insight have enabled him to find ready and correct solution for all intricate and difficult professional problems. The company rebuilds, repairs and installs all types of electric power plants, employing seventy-five workmen in the operation of the business, which has developed so rapidly that it has been found necessary to establish a branch plant at Columbus, Ohio, their services now being in constant demand in all parts of the country. Mr. Duffeck has also extended his efforts in other directions, being treasurer and a director of the Auto Electric Service Association and vice president and secretary of the Hullhorst Micro Tool Company of Toledo. Mr. Duffeck has 'been married twice. On the 9th of September, 1907, he wedded Miss Norma Leser, a daughter of Mr. and Mrs. Jacob F. Leser of Sandusky, Ohio, well known residents of that city. The wife and mother passed away in Toledo, July 18, 1914, leaving an infant son, Frank G., whose birth TOLEDO AND LUCAS COUNTY - 469 occurred May 16, 1914, and who is now attending the public schools. At Monroe, Michigan, on the 1st of March, 1915, Mr. Duffeck was united in marriage to Miss Maybelle Mutchler, a daughter of Mr. and Mrs. William Mutchler of this city, and they have a son, Donald William, who was born on January 28, 1916, and is also a public school pupil. In his political views Mr. Duffeck is independent, placing the qualifications of a candidate above all other considerations. He is a thirty-second degree Mason and is also identified with the Toledo Auto Club, the Toledo Commerce Club and the Merchants and Manufacturers Association. During the World war Mr. Duffeck maintained a vocational school in this city for those who were called into service and in matters of citizenship he has ever been loyal, progressive and public-spirited. He has made continuous progress in his profession, working his way steadily upward through industry and ability, and his work represents the highest degree of efficiency in the line in which he specializes. His well developed powers have placed him at the head of important and extensive interests and Toledo numbers him among her foremost business men. His home is at No. 1022 West Woodruff avenue. THOMAS H. BROWN, M. D. Dr. Thomas H. Brown, one of the able young physicians of Toledo, possesses those qualities through which success comes as a natural sequence and his professional activities have been attended by excellent results. He was born on his father's plantation at Gallatin, Tennessee, July 2, 1890, and his parents, Thomas Hartwell and Annie (Hunt) Brown, were also natives of that state, both being members of prominent southern families. In Tennessee they were reared, educated and married and the father became the owner of a large plantation at Gallatin, a small town near Nashville. There he passed away in February, 1907. The mother is now a resident of Birmingham, Alabama. In their family were four children : Alfred Douglass, whose home is in Nashville, Tennessee ; Charles Hunt of Birmingham, Alabama ; Barton Benson, municipal judge of Nashville ; and Thomas H. In the acquirement of an education Thomas H. Brown attended the country schools of Sumner county, Tennessee, and the Hawkins Preparatory School at Gallatin, afterward entering Vanderbilt University at Nashville, from which he was graduated in 1915, with the M. D. degree. While in Vanderbilt University he was a member of the football team for four years, making four "Letters" ; he was also rated as "All Southern tackle" on a mythical team and won four "Letters" in basketball. Coming to Toledo, he obtained valuable professional experience as an interne at St. Vincent's Hospital, with which he was connected from June 15, 1915, until February 17, 1917. He then engaged in practice in this city until November, 1917, when he enlisted for service in the World war, joining the Medical Corps. He was commissioned a first lieutenant and was sent overseas, being stationed for ten months at Evacuation Hospital No. 13. He was honorably discharged in June, 1919, and returned to Toledo, being now associated with Drs. C. M. Harpster and H. A. Delcher, well known physicians of this city, and their professional services are in constant demand. Dr. Brown is deeply interested in the scientific and humanitarian phases of his profession and through close study of the cases which come under his care is continually broadening his knowledge and pro- 470 - TOLEDO AND LUCAS COUNTY moting his skill. He is a member of the medical staff employed by the Community Traction Company .and is also connected with the staff of St. Vincent's Hospital of this city. On the 25th of December, 1917, Dr. Brown was married to Miss Catherine Park Acklen at Nashville, Tennessee. She is a daughter of Colonel and Mrs. Joseph H. Acklen, who were numbered among the pioneer families of Louisiana, and her father was a United States congressman from that state. Dr. and Mrs. Brown have become the parents of two children : Catherine Acklen, who was born May 22, 1920; and Thomas Hartwell, Jr., born August 22, 1921. Mrs. Brown was graduated in medicine from the University of Michigan in 1919, and she also completed a course in science at Vanderbilt University previously, but has never engaged in practice. Dr. Brown is identified with the Masonic fraternity, being a member of the lodge at Anniston, Alabama, and he is also a member of the American Legion and the Toledo Automobile Club, while his professional connections are with the Lucas County and Ohio State Medical associations. He subordinates all other interests to the demands of his profession and innate talent, acquired ability, industry and ambition are carrying him steadily forward in his chosen vocation. JOHN F. DAVIS To the loyalty, public spirit and enterprise of its native sons Toledo is indebted in large measure for the commercial prestige which the city now enjoys and in this connection John F. Davis is well deserving of mention, for he has recognized and utilized the opportunities here presented for advancement and is now concentrating his energies upon the automobile business, in which he has attained a gratifying degree of success. He was born in this city June 30, 1884, a son of Owen T. and Florence E. (Springer) Davis. The father, whose birth occurred at Weston, Oneida county, New York, on the 22d of January, 1840, was a son of Thomas and Elizabeth Davis, natives of Wales, who emigrated from that country to the new world. Owen T. Davis acquired his early education in the public schools of his native town and subsequently pursued an academic course in a college at Utica, New York. His first experience in the business world was gained as clerk in a retail dry goods store of Utica, but in 1866 he came to Toledo to join a brother who here conducted a retail establishment handling ladies' furnishings and trimmings. Later they embarked in business in a small way as wholesale dealers in dry goods and notions. When his older brother passed away Owen T. Davis was joined by his younger brothel, John B., and they successfully carried on their interests under the style of Davis Brothers, with Owen T. Davis as president of the firm. Their first location was at No. 151 (now No. 351) Summit street, but the growth of the business was such that larger quarters were soon necessary and a removal was made to No. 107 (now No. 207) Summit street, while later they moved across the street to Nos. 204 and 206. They next occupied the building at the corner of Jackson avenue and Summit street, there remaining until the structure was sold, at which time they moved their stock of goods into the Hall block on St. Clair street, opposite the old post office. Owen T. Davis was called to his final rest on the 2d of March, 1902, when sixty-two years of age, after a residence covering more than a third of a century in Toledo. He had long been numbered among the prosperous and leading TOLEDO AND LUCAS COUNTY - 473 merchants of the city and in social circles had won many warm friends who greatly mourned his loss. His political allegiance was given to the democratic party, while his religious faith was indicated by his membership in the Trinity Episcopal church. Though his interests largely centered in his business and his home, he took an active and helpful part in all matters pertaining to the growth and development of Toledo and was, moreover, a man of benevolent and philanthropic spirit who withheld his aid from no worthy charity. His wife, who bore the maiden name of Florence E. Springer and was a native of the state of New York, still makes her home in this city and is most widely and favorably known. By her marriage she became the mother of three children : Carl Warren, who is deceased ; Florence Edith ; and John Frank. of this review. The last named attended the grammar schools and the Central high school of Toledo and also for one year, in 1904, attended the University of Michigan. After completing his education he became associated with his father and uncle in the dry goods business, with which he was connected for eleven years, being made secretary of the company. He then decided to establish himself in business independently and on. the 2th of November, 1915, organized the Davis Motor Sales Company, of which he has since been the president. He has the agency for the Buick car in this district and his aggressive methods and straightforward dealing have resulted in the development of a large trade.  On the 12th of November, 1916, Mr. Davis was married to Miss Florence Hodge, a daughter of Mr. and Mrs. James Hodge, prominent residents of this city. Two children have been born of this union : Mary Grace, whose birth occurred in 1918; and John Owen, born in 1921. Mr. and Mrs. Davis are members of Trinity Episcopal church of Toledo and in politics he maintains an independent attitude, placing the qualifications of a candidate above all other considerations. He is an earnest and helpful member of the Chamber of Commerce and he is also connected with the Toledo Country Club, the Toledo Automobile Club and the Toledo Club. He is a prominent Mason, having taken the Knights Templar degree in the York Rite and the thirty-second degree in the Scottish Rite Consistory. He is an alert, energetic and capable young business man and has gained recognition as one of the most progressive and successful automobile dealers of Toledo, keeping well informed regarding all new developments in the field in which he is specializing. He enjoys an extensive and favorable acquaintance in the city in which his life has been spent and his public spirit finds expression in effective efforts in its behalf. HARRY EDWIN ADAMS Harry Edwin Adams has won a place among the business leaders of Toledo, being now vice president and treasurer of the W. G. Nagel Electrical Manufacturing Company, one of the large industrial concerns which are so essential to the very existence of community and country. He was born in Columbus, Ohio, April 8, 1868, and is a son of Alexander Hamilton and Estelle (Connelly) Adams, the former now deceased. The son obtained a public school education in his native city and then entered business circles along electrical lines. He came to Toledo and entered the employ of the W. G. Nagel Electrical Manufacturing Company in 1901, and he is now vice president and treasurer of the company, having at the same time charge of the entire manufacturing interests of the business, which em- 474 - TOLEDO AND LUCAS COUNTY ploys five hundred people. He is also the secretary of the Fostoria Machine & Tool Company at Fostoria, Ohio. On the 5th of September, 1895, Mr. Adams was married in Cleveland, Ohio, to Miss Minnie Clark and they are parents of a son, Clark Myron, who was born June 16, 1896, and is now associated with his father in the Nagel Company. He married Dorothy Lucas in 1918 and they have a son and a daughter : Harry Loyal, born May 25, 1920 ; and Nancy, who was born October 25, 1922. Clark M. Adams is a veteran of the World war, having served with the rank of first lieutenant of infantry in the Three Hundred and Thirty-second Regiment. He was on duty in France for eighteen months in the office of the provost marshal in Paris and was discharged in 1919. Fraternally Mr. Adams is a Mason, belonging to the consistory, Knights Templars, and to the Mystic Shrine, and he also has membership in the Toledo and Inverness clubs. His residence is at No. 2535 Scottwood avenue. THE WOOLSON SPICE COMPANY This company was organized in 1882 by Mr. Alvin M. Woolson, who associated with him in the enterprise some few others, chiefly the wholesale grocers of Toledo, among them being : Messrs. John Berdan, James Secor, George Emerson, Pliny Watson and John Ketcham. The company has had an uncommonly interesting history. The original cash capital contributed was but $30,000. It came into being primarily to sell coffee in the roast state when the Arbuckle interests in Pittsburgh, with a very large output, were the principal dispensers of such coffee. The aggressiveness of the Arbuckles made competition unusually keen ; therefore, the success of the Woolson Company from its inception is all the more creditable. Under Mr. Woolson's able and conservative management, the company prospered and built up a very large business. He was ably assisted in later years by Mr. William A. Brigham, who became vice president of the company. For quite a number of years the earnings were kept in the business, but the capital thus accumulated became more than ample for the large business of the company, and extraordinarily liberal dividends were paid to the shareholders. The Woolson Company was one of the first companies in the United States whose stock of $100 par value was in demand at $1,000 per share. The Arbuckles, having extended their interests to include the refining and sale of sugar, offered the American Sugar Refining Company very strong competition, and Mr. H. O. Havemeyer, then the dominating spirit of the American Company, looked about for a weapon with which to fight the Arbuckles in their coffee business as retaliation for the Arbuckles's entry into the refining of sugar. The Woolson Company, having built up a large volume of business, attracted the attention of Mr. Havemeyer, and in 1896 he bought all the stock of the company except a few shares, paying for it better than $1,000 per share. The few shares which he was unable to purchase were sold at even a higher price to the Arbuckles, and the result of these conflicting interests was an interesting legal fight between the Arbuckles and Havemeyer, carried along for some time, the Arbuckles finally winning their case. In the meantime, Mr. Havemeyer had used the Woolson Company so aggressively to war against the Arbuckles that profits were eliminated, and the common belief is that heavy