600 - TOLEDO AND LUCAS COUNTY he was graduated. Having determined to devote his life to the work of the ministry, he then entered the United Presbyterian Theological Seminary of Allegheny and following the completion of his course there he took advance work in Hebrew, which constituted the foundation of his thorough knowledge of the Bible. He was licensed to preach in 1859 and afterward became pastor of the United Presbyterian church at Sharon, Mercer county, Pennsylvania, where he labored for twenty-three years. He then entered the Presbyterian church and while on a tour of the west organized the church in Pueblo, Colorado. He afterward settled in Wooster, Ohio, where he became a trustee of the university and took an active interest in the affairs of that institution. He served as pastor of the Creston and Jackson churches and finally accepted a call to the Third Presbyterian church of Toledo, where he labored for thirteen years, his efforts proving a most potent force in advancing the moral progress of the state. His political allegiance was stanchly given to the republican party and he was a warm admirer of its distinguished leaders : Lincoln, McKinley and Roosevelt. He wedded Mary McFarland, who with their four children John M. Ormond, Mrs. John R. Calder, Mrs. Frank Willard Thomas and Miss M. Georgia Ormond, survived the husband and father and still reside in Toledo. Of Dr. Ormond a contemporary writer has said : "He was a genial gentleman of the old school, kind and courteous to all and ever ready to lend a helping hand. His love for children and ready sympathy for his fellowmen endeared him to many. His never failing optimistic outlook on life made him a happy, hopeful inspiration to all who knew him. His interest in public affairs never waned, his faith in God never faltered, his devotion to his Master never ceased, even to the last day of his advanced years." Having completed a course of study in the Sharon, Pennsylvania, high school with the class of 1882, John M. Ormond afterward matriculated in the University of Wooster at Wooster, Ohio, and is numbered among its alumni of 1887. He next became a law student in the University of Michigan and was there graduated in 1889, with the degrees of Bachelor of Laws and Bachelor of Philosophy. The following year he was admitted to the Ohio bar and soon afterward located in Toledo, where subsequently he opened an office in the old Law building, and there remained for about two years. He next established his office in the Nasby building but three years later opened headquarters in the Spitzer building, becoming one of the first tenants in that imposing structure. He soon won prominence as a lawyer not in the more spectacular criminal court proceedings but in connection with civil law, of which he has broad, comprehensive and accurate knowledge. He has long enjoyed a large clientage but since 1905 has given a considerable portion of his time and attention to corporation law, numbering among his clients some of the leading corporate concerns of Toledo and elsewhere. As he has prospered he has made judicious investment in real estate, owning considerable holdings in both farm and city property. Moreover, he has established his own home in the village of Maumee, his residence being a fine old colonial mansion, situated on historic grounds. While improving the grounds about his place he unearthed a number of relics such as old coins of ancient date, together with mementos of aboriginal occupation. He has long been a close student of history, particularly that pertaining to the Maumee valley and he was among those who most earnestly advocated the cause of preserving the old Lucas county courthouse at Maumee. He gave liberally of his time and means toward the establishment of the public library at Maumee and was instrumental in securing a donation of ten thousand dollars from the Carnegie Corporation of New York. TOLEDO AND LUCAS COUNTY - 601 On the 1st of October, 1890, Mr. Ormond was united in marriage to Miss Lucy Jameson of Warren, Ohio, a daughter of Biven Jameson, now deceased, who was one of the honored residents of that place. Her mother bore the maiden name of Sarah Blair and represented an old Massachusetts family. Mrs. Ormond was born and reared in Warren and in 1887 was graduated from the Lake Erie Seminary at Painesville, Ohio. She is a charter member of the Sorosis Club of Toledo. Both Mr. and Mrs. Ormond attend the First Presbyterian church of Maumee, Ohio. Mr. Ormond gives his political endorsement to the republican party and does everything in his power to promote its growth and secure its success. He has membership in the Toledo Commerce Club, belongs to the Northern Light Lodge, No. 40, F. & A. M., the Ancient Accepted Scotish Rite, Valley of Toledo, and Toledo Commandery, No. 7, Knights Templars. He also belongs to the Phi Gamma Delta fraternity and along strictly professional lines is connected with the Lucas County, Ohio State and American Bar associations. Throughout his life he has held to the highest ethical standards of the profession and has long merited the honor and position accorded him as one of the foremost representatives of the Toledo bar. WILLIAM G. DICE, M. D. Dr. William G. Dice, physician of Toledo, has followed a course contrary to the advice of Horace Greeley, who said : "Go west, young man, go west," inasmuch as he comes to this city from Missouri, seeking the opportunities of the east rather than of the district lying toward the Pacific. Dr. Dice was born in Carroll county, Missouri, June 21, 1870, and is a son of Dr. James P. and Margaret (Gordon) Dice, the former a native of Poland, Ohio, while the latter was born in Mercer county, Pennsylvania. Following the Civil war the father removed to Missouri and there resided until 1876, when he returned to his native state, settling at Xenia, where he engaged in the successful practice of medicine to the time of his death, which occurred in 1921, when he was seventy-seven years of age. Dr. and Mrs. James P. Dice were parents of two children, of whom one son, Dr. S. D. Dice, passed away in California in 1920. Dr. William G. Dice, the only survivor of the family, was a pupil in the public schools of Xenia, Ohio, where he also pursued his high school course, being graduated with the class of 1887. He next entered Westminster College of Pennsylvania and subsequently Princeton University, being there. graduated with the Bachelor of Arts degree in 1893. He thus acquired a broad and liberal classical education to serve as the foundation upon which to rear the superstructure of professional knowledge. He studied at Columbia University of New York city and was graduated with the M. D. degree in 1896, after which he became house physician in the General Memorial Hospital at New York city, where he remained for two years. He later traveled for six months in Europe, visiting the various medical centers of the old world, and came to Toledo on the 10th of September, 1900. Here he opened an office at No. 240 Michigan street and has remained at this location throughout the intervening period, covering more than twenty-two years, confining his practice to obstetrics and children's diseases. He belongs to the American Association of Obstetricians, Gynecologists and Abdominal Surgeons, and he is a member of the Academy of Medicine of Toledo, the Ohio State Medical Association and the American Medical Association. He is now serving on the staffs of Mercy 602 - TOLEDO AND LUCAS COUNTY Hospital, Flower Hospital, and Toledo Hospital as obstetrician and is an acknowledged authority upon this branch of medical practice. On the 17th of April, 1902, Dr. Dice was united in marriage to Miss Gertrude McClure, a daughter of Frank and Sarah J. McClure of Xenia, Ohio. They have two children : Jane, who was born in Toledo in 1907 and is attending the Smead School for Girls ; and William, born in 1910, who is a public school pupil. The parents are members of the Collingwood Avenue Presbyterian church and while his profession makes heavy demands upon his time and energies, Dr. Dice also finds opportunities to aid and support those projects which have their root in a progressive spirit. E. E. FRANTZ The present-day efficiency of modern business is in no small measure due to the business systems and anaylses which accountancy has evolved. Modern business does not guess—it has the facts, and it is through the knowledge of facts that our great financial, industrial and mercantile concerns have progressed. The business man who really wants to know his own business, its strong points that he may push them into greater strength, and its weak points that he may correct them, finds the accountant indispensable. E. E. Frantz & Company, with general offices at 621622-623 Nicholas building, and a branch office at Cleveland, Ohio, with an Ohio certified public accountant in charge, has, by the personnel of its organization, developed a service which is especially designed to be of great benefit and value to business interests. E. E. Frantz, head of E. E. Frantz & Company, was born near Watertown, South Dakota, May 17, 1890. He was one of a family of twelve children, pursued a public school education and is unusually well fitted, both through talents and trainings, to practice in a satisfactory fashion in the field of accountancy. He is a graduate of the Western Normal College of Shenandoah, Iowa, of the year 1909, following which Mr. Frantz spent some four years teaching higher accountancy at Fort Smith, Arkansas. He further made it a point to round out his training by working in a diversity of industrial and commercial channels, matching theoretical knowledge with practical application, keeping the one distinct purpose in mind of engaging in the profession of accountancy as his life work. Mr. Frantz selected Toledo as the field of best opportunities, owing to its diversity of industry and commerce, and his faith in the city as a future great industrial center held his attention and conviction as far back as 1913. E. E. Frantz rendered excellent service to the government during the World war, being selected to conduct the audits at Camp Sherman. Mr. Frantz's offices were first located on the third floor of the Nicholas building, and with the increase in his practice, the present quarters at Nos. 621 to 623 Nicholas building are none too spacious for the eight people serving with the E. E. Frantz Company. There are many factors of interest to business executives, office men, as well as professional men, in considering the services available at the hands of E. E. Frantz & Company. As a tax consultant and in the matter of compiling income tax reports, the exercising of interpretations on income tax laws and their application are matters that have been given a pertinent study by Mr. Frantz, to the end that his services on tax problems are being found of real value to a very consistent following, not only in Toledo but throughout the state of Ohio. Mr. Frantz has pursued the study of higher accountancy until he is unquestionably the best fitted man for his vocation TOLEDO AND LUCAS COUNTY - 605 in the city of Toledo. He possesses degrees in accounting, is a fellow member of the Institute of Chartered Accountants, and a member of other accountancy societies. E. E. Frantz & Company retain legal counsel for corporation and tax purposes through the services of Morton C. Seeley, a well known attorney of Toledo. E. E. Frantz & Company substantiate their federal tax service through the bulletins and special services of the Corporation Trust Company, and other nationally recognized authorities on all phases of tax decisions and application. The painstaking care that is noticeable in the activities of E. E. Frantz & Company in rendering a service of value to clients is shown by the "Tax and Business" bulletins that are prepared monthly. by E. E. Frantz and mailed to his patrons and others interested, giving business men the meat of important tax decisions, etc. E. E. Frantz & Company, in view of their associates, are in a well defined position to serve in matters of appraisals. Mr. Frantz is a firm exponent of the policy of having monthly audits and accountancy surveys made on a business enterprise, in view of the practice of being able within a short period easily to detect any losses or financial discords so frequently encountered at unexpected or trying moments in the progress or decline of a concern, and the comparative monthly statements and graphic charts as compiled through the systems followed by E. E. Frantz & Company quickly act as barometers on the business itself. In matters of certified financial reports, corporation work, court cases, etc:, Mr. Frantz takes keen personal pride in demonstrating the abilities of his organization and thoroughness of its practices. With a background of many years in industry and commerce, Mr. Frantz has unusual characteristics to his credit in matters of cost system installation, the building up of routines and the establishment of well defined forms, permitting a mathematical record of operations, expense and revenue, involved in any manufacturing or industrial enterprise ; in fact, some three years of his time was devoted to the finding of a simplified system on accounting, the results of which his records show some of his clients report routine work reduced twenty-five per cent after installation. E. E. Frantz & Company maintain a traveling representative in the territory tributary to Toledo, and it is an added credential to this Toledo firm of accountants that its good name is bringing patronage from points other than Toledo. In 1917 Mr. Frantz was married to Miss Mabel Renz and they reside at No. 1137 London square. He is a Lutheran in his religious faith and a Mason in his fraternal relations. He belongs also to the Chamber of Commerce, the Toledo Post, American Legion, and to other organizations. MICHAEL FIORITTO One of the most successful business enterprises of Toledo is the Art Mosaic & Tile Company, which was founded by Michael Fioritto thirteen years ago and has since enjoyed a continuous and prosperous growth, owing to the capable management and well-directed efforts of the men at its head. Mr. Fioritto is a native of Italy. He was born in the beautiful city of Venice on the 12th of August, 1881, a son of A. and Elizabeth Bean (Rosa) Fioritto, who were also born in that part of Italy, in which the father spent his life, devoting his attention to the stone mason's trade. The mother subsequently came to the United States, making her way to Toledo, where she continued to reside until her death, which occurred in 1917. 606 - TOLEDO AND LUCAS COUNTY Mr. and Mrs. Fioritto were the parents of two children : Walter, who passed away in this city ; and Michael. Michael Fioritto acquired his education in his native land and chose as his life work the art mosaic and tile industry, serving an apprenticeship to that trade, which he followed in his native land until 1899. When eighteen years of age he sought the opportunities offered an ambitious, energetic young man in a new and rapidly developing country and after reaching the United States he continued in the business, working for others until 1909. He then decided to establish an independent concern of this nature and is now part owner of the Art Mosaic & Tile Company, his business associates being R. E. Wright and F. J. Burgenstein. They import much of the tiling used in the industry and owing to the high quality of their work the business has become one of large dimensions, requiring approximately two hundred employes in its operation. Mr. Fioritto is an acknowledged expert at his trade and displays initiative, sound judgment and marked executive ability in the management of his business interests, adhering closely to the rules which govern strict and unswerving integrity. At Venice, Italy, on the 16th of February, 1909, Mr. Fioritto was married to Miss Marcolina Pontello, a daughter of Mr. and Mrs. Mark Pontello, both of whom are deceased. Mr. and Mrs. Fioritto have one child, Elizabeth Fioritto, who was born in Toledo in 1910. They are communicants of the Roman Catholic church and Mr. Fioritto is a republican in his political views. He is a valued member of the Toledo Chamber of Commerce and the Merchants & Manufacturers Association. America has been to him the land of opportunity. While it is certain that success is not to be had here for the asking, it is equally certain that industry wins its reward and that diligence and determination always count as forces in advancement. Through the employment of these agencies he has steadily progressed and Toledo now numbers him among its leading business men. With deep love for his native land, he possesses a still stronger attachment for the country of his adoption and in thought, spirit and interests he is thoroughly American. GENERAL CEILAN MILO SPITZER General Ceilan Milo Spitzer left the indelible impress of his business ability and public spirit upon northwestern Ohio and there still stand as monuments to his resourcefulness, power and business capacity some of the finest office structures in Toledo. As a merchant, banker and in other connections he contributed in notable measure to the material development of this section of the state and the worth of his work was widely acknowledged. Ceilan Milo Spitzer came to Ohio from New York, his birth having occurred in Batavia of the Empire state on the 2d of November, 1849. He came of a distinguished and honored ancestry, being a great-grandson of Dr. Ernestus De Spitzer, while other representatives of the family left their impress upon the history of the localities and states in which they lived. His parents were Aaron Bovee and Laura Maria (Perkins) Spitzer, the latter a descendant of James Draper of Roxbury, Massachusetts, and Quartermaster John Perkins of Ipswich, Massachusetts, who were the first of their respective families in America. Nathaniel Perkins, the great-grandfather of General Spitzer, served as aide-de-camp to Washington during the Revolutionary war before he had attained his majority. A great-great-great-great- TOLEDO AND LUCAS COUNTY - 607 grandfather of General Spitzer was Hendricks Cornelius Van Buren, who served as a soldier in the Indian war of 1663 and was stationed at Fort Cralo in Papshire. He was also one of the ancestors of President Martin Van Buren. Through the maternal line General Spitzer also traced his ancestry through five generations to Jacob Janse Schermerhorn, who was the founder of the family in America bearing his name and who emigrated from Waterland, Holland, in 1636, settling at Beverswick in the New Netherlands, where he was a man of wealth and prominence. He died in Schenectady, New York, in 1688. General Spitzer was indeed fortunate in having back of him an ancestry honorable and distinguished and was happy in that his lines of life were cast in harmony therewith. Like his forbears he embraced the opportunities that came to him not only for the upbuilding of his own fortune but for the development of the country and northwestern Ohio is indeed his debtor. He was but two years of age when in 1851 the family home was established in Medina, Ohio, where he became a public school pupil, while later he attended Oberlin College. In 1869 he instituted his business career, being then a young man of twenty years, by purchasing a half interest in a drug store at Seville, Ohio, where he conducted business for two years and then sold out, becoming the active associate of his father in opening the Seville Exchange Bank, under the style of C. V. Spitzer & Company. Success attended the new enterprise from the beginning, soon becoming one of the strong financial concerns in that part of the state. This led to further development along banking lines and in 1877 a branch house was opened at Medina, while in 1878 General Spitzer organized the German-American Bank of Cleveland, which developed so rapidly that Mr. Spitzer purchased the interest of Ludwig Wideman, who had became a partner in 1873. Through the succeeding two years General Spitzer and his father conducted a general banking and investment business in Cleveland and soon made for themselves a place in the financial circles of that city as they had in the other sections in which they operated. In January, 1880, owing to a financial depression the Cleveland bank failed and it was necessary to settle with the creditors on a forty per cent basis. Ten years later the real character of General Spitzer was manifest when voluntarily and without either legal or moral necessity he paid all the bank debts dollar for dollar. This naturally gave him a splendid reputation in the business world but without thought of that General Spitzer had made restitution, happy in the fact that he could reimburse those to whom the bank was indebted. The bank at Fremont, Ohio, was opened in 1880 by General Spitzer, associated with Ludwig and Jerome P. Wideman, but was sold the following year, at which time the firm of Spitzer, Wideman & Company of Toledo was organized. The following year General Spitzer purchased the interests of his partners and was joined by his cousin, Adelbert L. Spitzer, under the firm style of Spitzer & Company. It was thus that General Spitzer became an active factor in the business interests of this city, with which he was closely associated from that time forward. In 1887 the firm established a branch office in Boston, Massachusetts, which in May, 1899, was removed to 20 Nassau street, New York, so that the firm then entered the financial circles of the American metropolis. On the 1st of February, 1911, a change in partnership led to the adoption of the firm style of Spitzer, Rorick & Company, the General remaining active in the affairs of the corporation until his retirement from business about two years later. In the meantime he had become associated with many banking institutions of Ohio as a stockholder and director and was long recognized as a dominant force in the financial circles of the state. He was also a director of the Wheeling & Lake Erie Railroad and became the first president of the 608 - TOLEDO AND LUCAS COUNTY Spitzer Building Company, which in 1893 erected the first modern steel fireproof office building in Toledo, to which an annex was added in 1900, the building today containing seven hundred offices. General Spitzer also became president of the Nicholas Building Company, which in 1905 erected the Nicholas building, named in honor of his grandfather. This is a sixteen-story fireproof steel structure, containing more than eight hundred offices. General Spitzer and his cousin, A. L. Spitzer, conducted and owned these buildings jointly for a number of years but in February, 1911, the ownership was divided, General Spitzer taking the Nicholas building and A. L. Spitzer the other. In the year 1884 General Spitzer was united in marriage to Miss Lilian Cortes McDowell, now deceased, a daughter of Alexander McDowell and a lineal descendant of Elizabeth Penn, sister of William Penn. Mrs. Spitzer was a cousin of General Irvine McDowell, who for many years, or until his death, was stationed at the Presidio in San Francisco, being in command of the entire Pacific coast division of the United States army. A contemporary biographer has said : "General Spitzer was always a picturesque figure in the financial world. He was the friend of President McKinley, Senator Hanna and other famous men and visited California with President McKinley and Goveror Nash, at which time he assisted in christening the Battleship Ohio at San Francisco." He was a member of the Royal Automobile Club of England and for many years kept a touring car there in order to make continental motor tours, in which he found his chief recreation. He traveled extensively abroad and his beautiful home, Innisfail, on Collingwood avenue in Toledo contained many rare and wonderful specimens of art and curios collected in all parts of the old world. About a year after his retirement from business he erected a beautiful winter home in Los Angeles, said to be one of the finest in southern California and both of his homes were adorned with rare paintings, fine Oriental rugs and many art treasures. In January, 1900, Mr. Spitzer was appointed .by Governor George K. Nash, quartermaster general of Ohio with the rank of brigadier general and thus gained the title by which he was generally known. He exercised a wide influence over political and public affairs, although he would never consent to become a candidate for office. His opinions, however, carried great weight in the councils of the republican party and his advice was frequently sought concerning public measures and matters of public policy. He belonged to the Toledo and Country Clubs of Toledo, the Bankers Club of America at New York and the Ohio Society of New York. Death called him February 18, 1919, when he had almost reached the Psalmist's allotted span of threescore years and ten. Life had been to him purposeful and earnest. He had utilized and improved his opportunities and had builded not only for himself but for the public as well and not only for the present but for future generations. IRVING H. HAMMER, M. D. Close application, comprehensive study and a conscientious regard for the duties and obligations of the profession have brought Dr. Irving H. Hammer to a prominent place in the ranks of the medical profession at Toledo, where he has successfully practiced for a number of years. He was born in Fremont, Ohio, September 9, 1882, and is a son of Dr. Abraham J. and Ella L. (Grant) Hammer, the latter TOLEDO AND LUCAS COUNTY - 609 also a native of Fremont. The father was born, however, in Bedford county, Pennsylvania, but came to Ohio in early life, settling at Fremont, where he engaged for many years in the practice of medicine. He then removed to Toledo, where he soon built up an extensive practice, and for a quarter of a century he remained an honored representative of the medical fraternity in this city, passing away on April 5, 1912. Irving H. Hammer was but four years of age when his parents removed to Toledo, so that his early education was acquired in the schools of this city and after finishing his high school course he entered the Ohio Northern University at Ada, while subsequently he attended the University of Michigan and later studied in the Chicago Homeopathic Medical College and the Hahnemann Medical College. He was graduated from the latter institution with the class of 1908, after which he served as interne in the Lucas County Infirmary, where he remained for three years. Since 1911 he has been engaged in private practice. There is also a military chapter in the life record of Dr. Hammer, inasmuch as in 1901 he became a member of the hospital corps of the Sixth Ohio Regiment, with which he served until honorably discharged in 1902. In the latter year he became identified with Company G of the Second Ohio Regiment and remained with that command until 1904. During the World war he enlisted for service in the Medical Corps and was on duty at Evacuation Camp, No. 44, at Chicago. On the 3d of January, 1914, in Chicago, Dr. Hammer was married to Miss Elizabeth Schwartzkopf of Toledo, a daughter of Jacob and Emily Schwartzkopf of Bucyrus, Ohio. Dr. Hammer is a Mason and has advanced to high rank in the order, his membership being in Calumet Lodge, No. 612, F. & A. M. ; Calumet Chapter, No. 191. R. A. M. ; Toledo Council, No. 33, R. & S. M. ; St. Omer Commandery, No. 59, K. T. ; Zenobia Temple of the Mystic Shrine; and Oton-To-La Grotto. His political support has always been given to the republican party and his religious belief is indicated in his membership in the Methodist Episcopal church. He belongs to the Toledo Academy of Medicine, the Lucas County Medical Society, the American Medical Association, the Ohio Homeopathic Association and the American Institute of Homeopathy. FRANCIS F. TISCHE Francis F. Tische, who was until recently vice president of The Hettrick Manufacturing Company, the largest manufacturers of canvas goods in the country, was born in Austin, Minnesota, May 22, 1881, and is a son of Mathew and Mary (Aubrecht) Tische, both of whom are natives of Bohemia. They came to America in 1879, settling in Minnesota, and there the father successfully engaged in farming. Francis F. Tische attended the public schools of Austin, Minnesota, and afterward became a student in the University of Chicago, from which he was graduated with the Bachelor of Philosophy degree. Soon afterward he secured a position with Montgomery Ward & Company of Chicago, serving in various clerical capacities for several years. Later he was with H. Channing & Company of Chicago as a salesman and in 1911 he came to Toledo, forming a connection with The Hettrick Manufacturing Company, with which he came to be vice president, and from the beginning was sales manager and purchasing manager. The business had been 610 - TOLEDO AND LUCAS COUNTY established in 1893 by William E. Hettrick and was originally conducted in a small frame building thirty by fifty feet, while the sales for the first- year amounted to about three thousand dollars. Difficulties and obstacles beset the new enterprise, but in time a substantial trade was established and by 1897 the company had to secure larger quarters, and three floors were rented in a brick building about sixty by ninety feet. After the outbreak of the Spanish-American war the firm secured a substantial contract from the war department for army tents and covers and the rapid increase in the business soon made another removal necessary. The company then began the erection of a building and the factory now consists of five mammoth buildings, affording floor space of seven and a half acres. The most modern equipment has been installed, while special attention has been given to light, air and sanitation. The company has always been most just and equitable in its treatment of employes and has endeavored to make their working hours as pleasant as possible, thus securing their cooperation and goodwill. Workmen receive a liberal wage and the business has been carried steadily forward along most harmonious lines. In 1900 the business was incorporated and has since been conducted under the present style. During the World war the firm supplied the government with army tents and horse covers and the business is now so enormous that it is necessary to purchase the entire output of several mills, the company being one of the largest buyers of canvas goods in the world. The principal part of the business is converting and treating fabrics as received direct from the looms in an unfinished state, to meet the requirements for various purposes of different manufacturers throughout the country. It also manufactures tents, awnings, coal bags, carpenter's aprons, hammocks, horse covers, floor covers, gloves, leggings, belting and in fact, practically everything made of canvas. Its sales now average more than a million dollars a month. On the 16th of July, 1903, Mr. Tische was united in marriage to Miss Myrtle Hunt of Chicago, who is a graduate of the University of Michigan and a daughter of Mr. and Mrs. Charles F. Hunt. Mr. Tische belongs to the Sylvania Golf Club, which indicates much concerning the nature of his recreation. His political allegiance is given to the republican party, but he does not seek nor desire political preferment, concentrating his efforts and attention upon his business affairs. He has made notable progress since starting out for himself. He was well equipped with a liberal education but otherwise had no special advantages. From the start he has steadily advanced, working his way upward until today his connections in the manufacturing circles of Toledo have become very important. He is now spending his time in travel. HARRY M. BASH Harry M. Bash, cashier of the Northern National Bank, is one of the well known men in Toledo banking circles. He was born in this city, on the 11th of December, 1872, and is the only living son of Jacob and Elizabeth (Brightman) Bash, both of whom were natives of Ohio. The father afterward came to Toledo, where he engaged in the grain trade, contributing to that intense and well directed activity which made this city one of the great grain and commercial centers of northwestern Ohio. In pioneer times the Bash family was established at Navarre, this state, and it was there that Jacob Bash was born, reared and educated. In early manhood he was proprietor of a dry goods store in Cleveland, Ohio, and dur- TOLEDO AND LUCAS COUNTY - 613 ing the '50s arrived in Toledo, where he was identified with a number of important business and public enterprises, although he was perhaps best known as a member of the commission firm of J. Bash & Company. He continued actively in the grain business until his death, which occurred October 5, 1872, and he was also an active member of the Toledo Board of Trade and its vice president. His interest in the moral progress of the community was indicated in his membership in the old Trinity Episcopal church. It was in that church, in 1861, that he wedded Elizabeth Brightman, who removed to Toledo from Muskingum county, Ohio. She survived her husband for many years, passing away October 9, 1908, in the faith of the First Congregational church, of which she was long a devoted member. There were three children in the family : One son who died in infancy ; a daughter, Nellie F. Bash, who became a successful teacher in the Central school of Toledo, following her thorough educational training in Columbia University of New York city ; and Harry M. Harry M. Bash was educated in the public schools of Toledo, and began his business career as a boy in his teens, when he secured a position in a drug store. His first connection with the Northern National Bank was as a messenger, from which capacity he was advanced at different times until he was appointed to the position of cashier in January, 1914, and has remained in this capacity. He is a courteous and obliging official and is numbered among Toledo's capable men in banking circles. Mr. Bash is a Mason and has attained the thirty-second degree of the Scottish Rite. He is also well known in the Toledo Commerce Club and in clubs which are more strictly social in nature, including the Toledo Club, the Toledo Country Club and the Toledo Yacht Club. His personal qualities make for popularity wherever he is known and many of his warmest friends are acquaintances that date from boyhood. GALEN F. BOWMAN, M. D. Dr. Galen F. Bowman is a representative of a family that has long figured prominently in medical circles of Toledo and the consensus of public opinion places him with the leading physicians of the city. He was born at Kansas, Ohio, November 16, 1886, and is a son of Dr. David E. Bowman, who for twenty-eight years has engaged in the practice of medicine in Toledo. The father was born at Harrisburg, Pennsylvania, March 14, 1857, and his parents, John and Emma C. (Hipple) Bowman, were also natives of the Keystone state, in which they resided until 1859. They then came to Ohio, acquiring a farm in Sandusky county, and upon that property they spent their remaining years. Their son, David E. Bowman, attended the grammar and high schools of Fremont, Ohio, and subsequently became a student in the medical department of the University of Michigan, from which he was graduated with the class of 1891. He began his professional career at Kansas, Ohio, where he remained until 1894, and he has since been located in Toledo. He has built up a large practice and has also been successful as an educator, serving for eight years as professor of obstetrics in the Toledo College of Medicine. His life has been guided by high ideals and his pronounced ability has won for him the esteem and admiration of his professional colleagues and the general public as well. 614 - TOLEDO AND LUCAS COUNTY At Kansas, Ohio, on the 6th of September, 1882, Dr. David E. Bowman was married to Miss Elva Garn, a daughter of Mr. and Mrs. Adam Garn, who came to this state with their parents, and both are still active, the father having reached the age of eighty-five years, while the mother is eighty-four. Dr. and Mrs. D. E. Bowman have two children : Mrs. Bessie Reifert, who was born in Kansas, Ohio, and is now a resident of Toledo ; and Galen F. Dr. David E. Bowman is a member of the Methodist Episcopal church and fraternally he is identified with the Knights of Pythias, while his professional relations are with the local, state and national medical associations. Following his graduation from the Central high school of Toledo, Galen F. Bowman became a student at the preparatory school of the University of Michigan and he afterward entered the medical department of Northwestern University of Chicago, Illinois, from which he received the M. D. degree in 1911. Since 1912 he has maintained an office in this city and through constant reading and close study of the cases that come under his care he is continually broadening his knowledge and promoting his ability. He is now physician for the Toledo public schools and with the passing years his practice has steadily increased as he has had opportunity to demonstrate his skill in the treatment of disease. He has taken postgraduate work at Northwestern University, at the Mayo clinic at Rochester, Minnesota, and at other leading medical centers and is most conscientious and thorough in the discharge of his professional duties. He also has financial interests, being director and vice president of the Genoa Banking Company .of Genoa, Ohio. On the 1st of January, 1912, Dr. Bowman was married to Miss Helen Powers, a daughter of Mr. and .Mrs. E. A. Powers of Genoa, Ohio, and they have three children : Helen Margaret, who was born in 1914 ; Sarah Jane, born in 1916; and Harriet Ann, born in 1919. Dr. Bowman is a member of the Collingwood Avenue Presbyterian church of Toledo and his political support is given to the republican party. He is an exemplary representative of the Masonic fraternity and has crossed the sands of the desert with the Nobles of the Mystic Shrine. His public spirit finds expression in his identification with the Chamber of Commerce and he is also a member of the Inverness Country Club. His professional connections are with the Toledo & Lucas County Academy of Medicine, the Ohio State Medical Society and the American Medical Association. Dr. Bowman is devoting his life to the good of humanity and as a member• of the medical fraternity he has attained high rank among those whose skill is uniformly acknowledged. JAMES HARRINGTON BOYD, B. A., M. A., DR. Sc. James Harrington Boyd of the Toledo bar, is especially known as the author and leading promoter of the Ohio Workmen's Compensation Law, one of the most striking and advanced measures of state policy of our times. He was the chairman of the notable commission appointed by Governor Harmon under a legislative act in 1910, "to inquire into the question of employers' liability and other matters." As the result of the hearings and investigations of the commission, he drafted the original bill creating the State 'Liability Board of Awards, which became a law in June, 1911; and he was special counsel for the state in a case, brought before the supreme court to test the validity of the act and unanimously decided by that tribunal in the state's favor (1912). Mr. Boyd is probably the most conspicuous TOLEDO AND LUCAS COUNTY - 615 American advocate of the distinctive policy of state compulsory insurance for the protection and benefit of workmen and their dependents, and has devoted much of his time and energy to the promotion of this cause throughout the United States generally and also in Canada. He is the author of the standard book on the subject of workmen's compensation systems. He was born in Keene, near Coshocton, Coshocton county, Ohio, December 7, 1862, son of James and Mary (Ross) Boyd. On his father's side he is of Scotch-Irish descent. His paternal grandparents were early settlers in Coshocton county, and his father was a lifelong resident there, successfully engaged in agricultural pursuits, active and prominent in the church, a justice of the peace, and altogether a respected and useful citizen. The grandmother of Mr. Boyd was a native of Kentucky and was a grandniece (maternally) of the renowned pioneer, Daniel Boone. Reared on the home farm, James Harrington Boyd received a district and village school education until the age of sixteen and was then a student in Coshocton high school. After teaching country school for one year he prepared for college in the Wooster (Ohio) University, 1881-83, entered Princeton College, and was there graduated as Bachelor of Arts in 1886. During the year 1886-87 he held the mathematical fellowship of that institution, and in 1888 the Master of Arts degree was conferred upon him. He was professor of mathematics in Macalester College at St. Paul, Minnesota, for some two years, when he went abroad, and from 1890 to 1893 pursued advanced studies in mathematics and physics at the University of Gottingen, Germany. In 1892 he received the degree of Doctor of Science from Princeton. Becoming connected with the teaching staff of the University of Chicago in 1893, he served as tutor of mathematics until 1895 and as instructor of mathematics from 1895 to 1902. While there he was president of Lincoln House three years and treasurer of the Quadrangle Club in 1900-01. Resigning his position in the university, he entered the Harvard Law School, where he took a special. course in 1902-03, and was then admitted to the bar. Since the year 1904 he has been successfully engaged in the practice of his profession in Toledo. He represented the' Ohio Bar Association at the annual convention of the American Bar Association held in Portland, Maine, in August, 1907; and he was a member of the committee on judicial administration and legal reform of the Ohio Bar Association in 1909. At the election of 1908 he was the democratic candidate for judge of the circuit court in the sixth judicial district. While studying in Germany some twenty years ago, Mr. Boyd became interested in the principles and operations of the workmen's industrial insurance system of that country, instituted in 1883 as a government policy by the influence of Prince Bismarck. He afterward 'familiarized himself with the workings of the German system from year to year and with the results following the adoption of similar measures in other countries. At the Ohio legislative session of 1910 an act was passed (senate bill No. 250) which provided for the creation -of a so-called 'Employers' Liability Commission "to inquire into the question of employers' liability and other matters." The commission was appointed in June of that year by Governor Harmon, and consisted of five members : James Harrington Boyd of Toledo ; J. W. Perks of Springfield ; W. J. Rohr of Cincinnati ; W. J. Winans of Galion ; and J. P. Smith of Cleveland. Mr. Boyd was elected chairman. From .September to the early part of December twenty-seven hearings were held in the cities of Dayton, Cincinnati, 616 - TOLEDO AND LUCAS COUNTY Youngstown, Cleveland, Toledo, and Columbus. Under the direction of the commission a special investigation was made by experts, at a cost of seven thousand dollars, concerning the economic effects of industrial accidents in Cuyahoga county during the years 1905-10 upon married and single men and their dependents. In the month of November, 1910, Mr. Boyd was in attendance at the notable Chicago conference of employers' and workmen's compensation commissions, in which ideas were exchanged by representatives of the United States government and various states, and he took an active part in its proceedings. The Ohio commission continued its sessions in Columbus from December, 1910, until the latter part of April, 1911. An elaborate report, embodying its transactions and findings, was compiled and submitted to the twenty-ninth general assembly, together with a bill (house bill No. 282, introduced by Mr. Black), which comprehended its conclusions. The report was quite distinctively the personal work of Chairman Boyd, and the bill was drawn by him. After being debated and passed with various amendments in the two houses, the measure was agreed to in its final form by a conference committee, repassed almost unanimously, and approved by the governor on the 15th of June, 1911. Upon the completion of its labors the commission went out of existence, having devoted nearly a year of continuous work to its important duties. The cost of its services to the state—including the Cleveland investigation and the publication of ten thousand copies of its report—was some sixteen thousand dollars for incidental expenses. A bill was introduced into the seventy-ninth general assembly which provided for the payment of a gross sum of sixteen thousand dollars to the five members of the commission for their services, but it failed to pass, and up to the present time they have gone entirely unrecompensed. It was stipulated that the act should take effect on the 1st of January, 1912, but owing to the tendency in the supreme court at that time of the case to test the question of constitutionality, it did not come effectively into operation until the following March. As already noticed, Mr. Boyd represented the state as special counsel in the test case, which was unanimously decided in favor of the state ( January 12, 1912). An adaptation of his very able brief on that occasion, embodying both the economic and legal basis of compulsory industrial insurance for workmen, was published in the Michigan Law Review for March and April, 1912, and has since been reprinted in pamphlet form. Without attempting an analysis of the somewhat elaborate act of 1911 (which is readily accessible to all interested readers), its principal provisions may be summarized as follows : 1. A State Liability Board of Awards (consisting of three members) was created, which was charged with the administration of the act. 2. Classification of employments with respect to hazard was directed, as a basis for fixing rates of premium. 3. Every employer having in his service five or more workmen regularly was, upon payment into the state insurance fund of the required premiums, exempted from liability for damages at common law or by statute on account of the death or injury of any employe, except that the right of court proceedings was reserved to employes or dependents in certain limited cases. 4. Every employe or surviving dependent applying to the state board for an award, was declared to have waived the right of court proceedings ; and conversely every such person exercising the option of court proceedings was debarred from receiving a state award. 5. Ninety per cent of the assessed premium in every case was required to be paid into the state insurance fund by the employer, and ten per cent by his employes. 6. All awards on account of injury or death were made calculable TOLEDO AND LUCAS COUNTY - 617 on the basis of sixty-six and two-thirds per cent of the earning capacity of the individual concerned, payments to continue not exceeding six years and not to exceed in any case more than twelve dollars a week or a maximum of three thousand, four hundred dollars. It will be observed that the essential feature of the act of 1911 was its substantially compulsory character. However, in its compulsory arrangements it fell somewhat short of the recommendations of the commission. On the other hand, the commissioner's bill fixed a maximum of only sixty per cent of average earnings as the basis of awards—whereas the legislature allowed sixty-six and two-thirds per cent. On the whole, the legislature quite satisfactorily and thoroughly met the expectations of Mr. Boyd and his associates ; and when the new law, fully sustained by the supreme court, went into comprehensive operation at the beginning of March, 1912, it was regarded by the advocates of state compulsory industrial insurance as one of the most advanced measures of its kind. The underlying incentives and motives of this and similar legislation elsewhere have been most forcibly and completely presented by Mr. Boyd in many formal addresses, as well as in his important published work, which will presently be referred to. A study of carefully compiled statistics, both in this country and abroad, demonstrates (to quote from Mr. Boyd) 'Not only that the common (and liability) law remedy in its present form does not furnish compensation of any kind in to exceed twelve per cent of the cases of injury to employes, and even in those cases in which compensation is paid, the compensation paid does not on the average exceed one-fifth of what is regarded as adequate compensation—but also that no modification of the common law remedy can be made whereby these results will be materially improved ; hence the old common law remedy must be abandoned and a new remedy substituted therefor." An examination of the detailed facts in support of these remarkable statements is exceedingly interesting, and shows beyond question the utter inability of the average workman and his dependents to recover substantially for injuries by any process unassisted or unguaranteed by the state. The imperative obligation of society to assume the responsibility for compensation for injuries and fatalities in the industries is evidenced by statistics which prove that only about twenty-eight per cent of such injuries and fatalities is occasioned by the exclusive fault of the workman, whereas the remaining seventy-two per cent is attributable in largest part to the inevitable risk of the industries and in minor but still very appreciable degrees to the direct fault of the employer, or of employer and workman jointly. The foregoing is of course only a very brief and imperfect indication of the economic basis of state compulsory industrial insurance, but it expresses the elements of the subject, from which has been evolved the present extensive movement. The Ohio act of 1911 was very considerably amended by an act passed by the eightieth general assembly and approved by Governor Cox on the 14th day of March, 1913. This measure retained the sixty-six and two-thirds percentage of average earnings as the basis of awards ; extended the benefits of the law to all employes of the state, county and local governments ; abrogated the requirement for a payment of ten per cent of the premium by employes and required the entire premium to be paid by employers ; and noticeably intensified the compulsory spirit and effect of the system. On the other hand, it introduced an innovation by ex. tending to employers of certain financial standings the option of making direct compensation for injuries and deaths among their own employes, and thus withdrawing as contributors to the state insurance fund—subject, however, to the 618 - TOLEDO AND LUCAS COUNTY satisfaction and supervision of the State Liability Board of Awards. Altogether, the tendency of the amendments of 1913 is more fully to put into effect the recommendations of the original commission headed by Mr. Boyd. Among the noteworthy addresses delivered by Mr. Boyd at various times on the subject of compulsory industrial state insurance to compensate workmen or their dependents for injuries or fatalities the following may be mentioned : Before the Ohio State Board of Commerce at Columbus, November 17, 1910 ( See Legislative Reference Department, Ohio State Library) ; before the National Civic Federation in New York, December 18, 1910, (See Proceedings of National Civic Federation, 1911) ; before the Ohio State Bar Association at Cedar Point, July 12, 1911, (See Proceedings of same, 1911) ; before the Employers' Liability and Workmen's Compensation Commission of the United States at Chicago, October 17, 1911, (See Hearings of same for 1911, page 717) ; before Sir William Ralph Meredith, C. J., C. P., sole commissioner on workmen's compensation of Ontario, at Toronto, January 15, 1912, (See Interim Report, Workmen's Compensation Commission of Ontario, 1912) ; before the Manufacturers' Association of Central Canada at Berlin, Ontario, February 15, 1912, (See the Berlin News Record, February 17, 1912) ; before the committee on judiciary of the house of representatives, sixty-second congress at Washington, March 15, 1912, (See Hearings of same on H. R. 20.487, S. 5,382, March 15 and 26, 1912, page 4) ; and before the Pennsylvania Accident Commission at Pittsburgh, April 15, 1912, (See Report of same). In the year 1913 Mr. Boyd published an exhaustive work entitled "A Treatise on the Law of Compensation for Injuries to Workmen under Modern Industrial Statutes," (two volumes, 1,670 pages ; Bobbs-Merrill Company, Indianapolis). This is the first complete presentation of the subject and embodies the history of development in the United States and foreign countries, complete texts of all state acts, every construction placed upon each state act, all foreign acts and schedules, all the procedure, law and forms, etc. During his early career Mr. Boyd wrote and published several valuable contributions to mathematical literature, including Boyd's "College Algebra," a translation of Brict and Bouquet's "Geometric Antique," and various mathematical papers. He has also been a frequent writer for legal journals and the general press on miscellaneous topics. Mr. Boyd has published the following legal papers : 1. "Workingmen's Insurance"—The World Today, July, 1911, page 821; 2. "Workmen's Compensation or Insurance of Workmen and their Dependents Against the loss of Wages Arising out of Industrial Accidents"—American Journal of Sociology, Vol. XVII, No. 4, page 540, January; 1912 ; 3. "Economical Basis of Compulsory Industrial Insurance"—Michigan Law Review, March, 1912, Vol. X, No. 5 ; 4. "Legal Basis of Compulsory Industrial Insurance"—Michigan Law Review, April, 1922, Vol. X, No. 6 ; 5. "Important Constitutional Questions, New in Form, Raised by the Texas Workmen's Compensation Act"—Yale Law Journal, Vol. XXV, No. 2, page 100, December, 1915 ; 6. "State Workmen's Compensation Acts and the Federal Employers Liability Act"—Yale Law Journal, Vol. XXV, No. 7, page 548, May, 1916 ; 7. "Socialization of the Law"—The American Journal of Sociology, Vol. XXII, No. 6, May, 1917 ; 8. "The Treaty Making Power of the United States and Alien Land Laws in the States"—California Law Review (University of California) May, 1918. Mr. Boyd's tastes and interests extend to departments of culture of a less scientific and precise character than those to which his former activities have been devoted. In recent years he has occupied himself somewhat as a collector, especially of colonial pewter, glass and ceramics. TOLEDO AND LUCAS COUNTY - 619 Mr. Boyd married March 25, 1896, in Portland, Maine, Susan Adams, daughter of John. M. Adams, and has three children: Helen, Mary and James Harrington, Jr. Mr. Boyd is a member, among other organizations, of the Ohio and American Bar associations, and the American Academy of Political and Social Science. In politics, while generally taking an independent attitude in local affairs, he is a supporter of the democratic party on principle, his views being in accord with those of the present national administration. Published in Ryan's History of Ohio, 1913. CARL F. OTTE Carl F. Otte, president and director of the Hein Furniture Company of Toledo, was born in Schoningen, Germany, on the 28th of May, 1870, and coming to the new world he has made for himself a creditable name and place in business circles, his persistency of purpose and close application being numbered among the salient qualities which have gained for him success. The Hein Furniture Company is today one of the leading mercantile interests of Toledo and as president and director Mr. Otte is shaping the destinies of this concern. A large and carefully selected line of furniture is carried and the business methods followed measure up to the highest commercial ethics and standards. Mr. Otte is married and has two children : Caroline, wife of Edwin Kuhlman; and Lucille Otte. He is a member of the First Reformed church of Toledo and he is also a Mason of high rank, having attained the Knights Templar degree of the York Rite and the thirty-second degree of the Scottish Rite. He has also become a member of the Mystic Shrine and he belongs to the Benevolent Protective Order of Elks. He is associated with the Elks Club and the Maumee River Yacht Club and in these connections are indicated the nature of his interests outside of business. HARRY W. DACHTLER Exceptionally thorough training and natural ability have well qualified Harry W. Dachtler for his chosen life work and in medical circles of Toledo he enjoys an enviable reputation as a Roentgenologist. He was born at Franklin, Ohio, September 22, 1871, a son of John and Sarah (Woodward) Dachtler, who were also natives of the Buckeye state, in which they spent their lives. The father was prominently identified with public affairs, serving as mayor of Franklin, as postmaster and as a member of the board of education, while he was also called to other offices of honor and trust, the duties of which he discharged with efficiency and conscientiousness, enjoying in large measure the respect and esteem of his fellow citizens. He passed away at Franklin in 1899, and the mother's demise occurred at that place in 1919. Harry W. Dachtler, their only child, attended the public schools of his native town and afterward became interested in electrical engineering, but abandoned that profession in 1898 to take up X-ray work, with which he has since been identified. Going abroad, he studied the science of medicine and Roentgen rays in the leading cities of Europe, and having thoroughly fitted himself for his special line of work, 620 - TOLEDO AND LUCAS COUNTY he returned to his native land, opening an office in Toledo, where he has since been located. He is deeply interested in his work, in which he has developed a high degree of skill, and his services are in constant demand. He is Roentgenologist at the Flower Hospital and has also been connected with the staffs of various other hospitals of the city. On the 9th of July, 1906, Mr. Dachtler was married to Miss Alice Shroeder, a daughter of Mr. and Mrs. Casper Schroeder, members of a well known and highly respected family of Toledo. Mr. Dachtler is a member of St. Paul's Methodist Episcopal church and his political support is given to the republican party. He is a Knights Templar Mason and in the Scottish Rite Consistory he has attained the thirty-second degree. He is a charter member and historian of the American Roentgen Ray Society, which was organized in 1899, and is the only charter member alive in the active practice of this profession; is an associate member of the Toledo & Lucas County Academy of Medicine and the American Medical Association and is also identified with the Toledo Club, the Toledo Commercial, the Country, the Erie Shooting, and the Toledo Gun clubs. With progress as his watchword, he has steadily advanced toward the goal of his ambition and his well developed powers have placed him in a position of distinction in his chosen field of activity. FRED FRANCIS DUNCAN Although he has not yet reached the age of thirty years, Fred Francis Duncan has demonstrated his ability successfully to conduct important commercial interests and as president of The Duncan Company he is controlling two of the large manufacturing enterprises of Toledo, displaying keen sagacity and marked capability in their management. He was born in Seattle, Washington, March 9, 1893, and his parents were Francis Andrew and Adelaide (Stackhouse) Duncan. The father was a native of Liverpool, England, and when a youth of sixteen years he emigrated to Canada but subsequently crossed the border into the United States, locating at Seattle, Washington, where he opened a blacksmith's shop, having learned the trade in his native land. He continued a resident of that city until 1905, when he came to Toledo, and acquiring a large tract of land, he erected thereon a modern plant, having organized the Duncan Forge Company and The Duncan Company, of which he became president. He was a man of notable foresight, energy and determination and through close application and judicious management he developed large business interests, but the arduous work connected with the upbuilding of these industries undermined his health, resulting in his demise on the 29th. of April, 1919, when he was forty-six years of age. The mother passed away in this city in 1912. In their family were six children : George, a resident of Philadelphia, Pennsylvania ; and Frank, Gordon, Donald, Margaret and Fred F., all of whom are living in Toledo. In the public schools of Seattle, Washington, and this city Fred Francis Duncan acquired his education and afterward completed a commercial course in the Tri-State Business College. Following his graduation he entered his father's foundry and devoted his energies to acquiring a thorough knowledge of the business, familiarizing himself with the work of each department. At the time of his father's death Mr. Duncan assumed charge of the business and has since been at its head, filling the office of president. He is ably carrying forward the TOLEDO AND LUCAS COUNTY - 623 interests established by his father, and since assuming Control of the business has greatly enlarged its scope, utilizing the most modern and progressive ideas in its management and obtaining the highest possible degree of efficiency of operation at a minimum expenditure of time, labor and material. In the forge, boiler and machine shops he has from seventy-five to one hundred workmen and is just and considerate in his treatment of those in his employ. On the 12th of April, 1919, Mr. Duncan married Miss Ida S. Hold, a daughter of William H. Hold, and they have become the parents of a son, Francis Andrew, who was born in this city September 19, 1920. Mr. Duncan is a veteran of the World war. He joined the Three Hundred and Thirtieth Ohio Battalion and with the Tank Corps served for seven months on the French front, receiving his discharge at Camp Sherman. He is a republican in his political views and is a member of the Toledo precinct committee, representing Precinct J of the nineteenth ward. He is a Master Mason and is also connected with the Protective Home Circle, the Toledo Commerce Club and the East Side Commerce Club. His work sustains the enterprising spirit that has long been synonymous with the family name in Toledo and he is proving himself an exceptionally capable young business man. His life has been guided by high standards and his forceful personality and progressive spirit have placed him with the leaders of industrial interests of this city. He resides at No. 532 Oak street, East Toledo, Ohio. LEON H. ROBERTS Starting out in the world when a boy of fourteen years with no capital save energy and determination, Leon H. Roberts has steadily progressed toward the goal of his ambition and is now at the head of one of the leading printing firms of Toledo. He was born in Wood county, Ohio, March 19, 1876, and his parents, Lemuel T. and Isabelle (Williams) Roberts, were also natives of this state. For a number of years the father was prominently connected with the contracting business in Toledo but he is now living retired in this city, in which he has many friends. The mother passed away in 1894, while the family were residing in Wood county. To Mr. and Mrs. Roberts were born seven children, six of whom survive, namely : Mrs. Lucinda L. Shiffer, Wesley R., Earl L., Leon H., Wilfred B. and Daniel M. Leon H. Roberts acquired his education in the public schools of Walbridge, Wood county, Ohio, which he attended to the age of fourteen, when he began providing for his own support, learning the printer's trade in the employ of Harry Tiedke. During 1893 and 1894 he worked on the Toledo Blade and then secured a position with the Hackendorn Printing Company, remaining in the service of that firm until 1909, when he took over the business, which he has since conducted under the name of the Leon H. Roberts Printing Company. He is president of the firm, which does general commercial printing and gives employment to twenty persons. Mr. Roberts has a specialized knowledge of the printing business, with which he has been connected for forty-six years, and his well equipped plant enables him to turn out work of superior quality. He also has other business interests, being a director of the Toledo Erie Cord Tire Company and the Stalker Advertising Company, important commercial enterprises of this city. Mr. Roberts was married June 12, 1904, to Miss Myrtle M. Neidic of this city, 624 - TOLEDO AND LUCAS COUNTY a member of a prominent family of Butler, Indiana, and they have become the parents of a daughter, Mary Jane, who was born December 29, 1914, and is now a public school pupil. They are members of St. Paul's Methodist Episcopal church and Mr. Roberts is also identified with the Toledo Chamber of Commerce, the Ad Club, and the Toledo Automobile and Yacht clubs. His fraternal relations are with the Knights of Pythias, the Loyal Order of Moose and the Benevolent Protective Order of Elks. He enlisted for service in the Spanish-American war, becoming a member of Company L, One Hundred and Fifty-ninth Indiana Infantry, and was stationed at Camp Alger, Washington. He is a man of high personal standing, of marked business integrity and ability, and his record should serve to inspire and encourage others in similar circumstances, showing what may be accomplished when one has the will to dare and to do. P. GEORGE TAIT, M. D. Among the well known and prominent native sons of Toledo who have gained high standing in connection with the medical profession is Dr. P. George Tait, who was born in this city, January 29, 1876, and is a son of George and Mary (McNulty) Tait. The father was a successful baker who carried on business here to the time of his death, which occurred May 21, 1904. He was born in Edinburgh, Scotland, in 1847, and there learned the baker's trade under his father's direction. He came to Toledo in 1875 and here established business on his own account. It is said that few business men of the city have been more widely and none more favorably known than was George Tait. He held stanchly to the teachings of the Scotch Presbyterian church, with which he united in his boyhood, and his life was ever characterized by the strictest integrity and highest principles of conduct. With his removal to Toledo he became a member of the First Presbyterian church and for many years served as one of its officials. Of him it has been said that "his charity was broader than his dogma." At all events he was a most benevolent man, giving freely of his means to assist others. He took an active interest in the Adams Street Mission, to which he made liberal contribution and of which he was treasurer of the board of trustees at the time of his death. He was also a generous friend of St. Vincent's Orphanage, of the Salvation Army and of the Bethel Mission. It is said that during the twenty-nine years of his residence in Toledo he never turned a deaf ear to the call of the hungry and that the people who benefited by his liberality could be counted by the scores. He belonged to Charles Sumner Lodge, Knights of Pythias, also to the Independent Order of Odd Fellows, the Royal Arcanum, the National Union and the Burns Curling Club. He died very suddenly, remaining an active factor in business to the very last. His widow occupies a beautiful home on Ashland avenue, in Toledo. In their family were five children, of whom P. George is the eldest, the others being: Harold G., Mrs. Frank Carstensen, Mrs. Ransom Ansted and Anna Belle, all living in Toledo. P. George Tait attended the public schools of Toledo and was graduated from the Central high school with the class of 1896. He then entered the medical department of the University of Michigan and completed his course there in 1900. After a year spent as an interne in St. Vincent's Hospital of Toledo he entered the New York General Hospital, where he remained for a year, gaining that broad and valuable knowledge which can never be acquired so quickly in any other