550 - TOLEDO AND LUCAS COUNTY twenty years. He then returned to Toledo, where he had since made his home, and the wise utilization of his time, talents and opportunities has brought him to the position of prominence which he fills in connection with the commercial upbuilding of the city. He has been associated with the Acorn Supply Company since its organization in 1915, at which time he was elected to the vice presidency. The business was incorporated with a capital stock of one hundred and fifty thousand dollars and entered upon an era of gradual growth and development. In 1920 Mr. Mitchell was elected to the presidency of the company, which now enjoys a large and profitable trade, due in no small part to his capability and wise management, based upon the broad experience which he had previously enjoyed as a factor in lumber trade circles. The Acorn Supply Company handles lumber, builders supplies, coal and hardware, having four yards and employing forty people in various capacities. Mr. Mitchell was united in marriage to Miss Ella Nolan of Clyde, Ohio, who passed away in November, 1900, highly esteemed for her many splendid qualities of heart and mind. They have no children of their own but educated four children, thus qualifying them for life's practical and responsible duties. Mrs. Mitchell's career was fraught with good deeds and kindly purposes and Mr. Mitchell ever shared with her in her task for alleviating the hard conditions of life for the unfortunate. Aside from his interests as a business man in the city he owns and surpervises a farm and his management thereof constitutes one of the chief sources of his rest and recreation. GEORGE J. GRADWOHL The name of George. J. Gradwohl has been associated with the meat trade of Toledo for an extended period and since 1915 has figured prominently in connection with the wholesale trade of the city. Step by step he has advanced since starting out in the business world and each forward step has brought to him a broader outlook and wider opportunities. The story of what he has accomplished may well serve as a source of emulation to others who desire to win progress through individual effort. Mr. Gradwohl was born September 26, 1874, in. Adrian, Michigan, his parents being John and Caroline (Kimmerlin) Gradwohl. The father was a machinist, following that business in order to provide for the support of his family. The son spent his youthful days under the parental roof and has been identified with the meat trade from early boyhood. His educational opportunities were limited, but in the university of hard knocks he has learned many valuable lessons. He started out to earn his living by working as wagon boy for Jacob Folger, a pioneer meat packer' of this city, with whom he continued for ten years, winning gradual advancement as his capability and efficiency increased. At length he felt that his earnings and his experience justified him in engaging in business on his own account and he then established a retail meat market. This he conducted with growing success until 1915, when he opened a wholesale house, which he has since operated. The business is now one of large and gratifying proportions and the by who a few years ago was selling meat from a wagon is now at the head of an enterprise that returns to him a most gratifying annual income. In October, 1911, Mr. Gradwohl was united in marriage to Miss Martha TOLEDO AND LUCAS COUNTY - 553 Ballert of Toledo and in this city they have many friends who esteem them highly for their sterling worth. Mr. Gradwohl belongs to the Benevolent Protective Order of Elks. He is also a member of the Commerce Club, of the Toledo Automobile Club and of the Maumee Yacht Club and he finds his chief recreation in yachting and fishing. To these he turns when leisure permits and his success has reached the point where it is possible for him to put aside business cares at intervals and indulge in those sports which yield him genuine pleasure. His commercial career is indeed commendable, for thoroughness and unfaltering industry have been the vital forces that have brought him to his present-day point of success. Mr. Gradwohl's home is at No. 1850 Glendale avenue. LEANDER SOLOMON BAUMGARDNER Thirteen years have been added to the cycle of the centuries since Leander Solomon Baumgardner ceased from his labors and passed to the home beyond. For many decades he had been closely associated with the commercial activity and development of Toledo and there still stands as a monument to his power and ability the large mercantile house conducted under the style of Baumgardner & Company. This is a wholesale dry goods establishment, which has figured prominently in the commercial upbuilding of the city and its unsullied reputation through all the years is based upon the integrity and reliability of the founder. Ohio is always proud to number men of such stability and worthy purpose among her native sons. It was in East :Union township of Wayne county, Ohio, that Leander Baumgardner was born, on the 10th of February, 1832, a son of Peter and Catherine (Heller) Baumgardner. The father was a native of Baden, Germany, but was only fourteen years of age when he came to the United States in 1812. His wife was born in Hellertown, Pennsylvania, and was of German lineage. In 1830 they removed to Wayne county, Ohio, casting in their lot with its pioneer settlers and there, on the home farm, L. S. Baumgardner remained to the age of ten years, when he was bound out to a neighboring farmer after the custom of the time. One of the provisions of this contract was that he should be allowed to attend school during the winter months but his employer did not live up to this agreement and his educational opportunities were accordingly very limited, though in the school of experience he learned many valuable lessons and became, in the course of years, a man of wide general information and notably sound judgment. He continued to work at farm labor until he reached the age of twenty-two years, after which he devoted his attention largely to commercial pursuits. When he withdrew from agricultural life he entered into partnership with his elder brothers, J. H. and T. P. Baumgardner, in the ownership and conduct of a store at Wooster, Ohio, where they sold drugs, stationery, musical instruments and other lines. They began the business in 1854 under the style of J. H. Baumgardner & Company and from the beginning prosperity attended the undertaking, so that after three years they were able to erect a building, which they called the Arcadome building, on the top floor of which was a public hall, the first of its kind in Wooster. Not long after they had become occupants of this new building the firm began the publication of a newspaper, chiefly for the purpose .of making it an advertising medium, and the editorial management of this journal devolved upon Leander S. and J. H. Baumgardner. 554 - TOLEDO AND LUCAS COUNTY The former continued an active factor in mercantile circles in Wooster until 1865, when he sold his interest in the business and took up his abode on a farm, which he had purchased at Cuyahoga Falls in Summit county. After a year, however, he felt that agricultural life was not his course and in 1866 he came to Toledo. That year witnessed the establishment of the wholesale dry goods house under the style of L. S. Baumgardner & Company, the business including notions, men's furnishings and kindred lines. It met a want in the trade conditions of this section of the country and the business of the house steadily grew and developed, keeping pace with Toledo's constant expansion and remaining to this day one of the foremost commercial enterprises of the city. Its business policy was dictated by Mr. Baumgardner, whoever based his activities upon thorough reliability and unassailable integrity. He always carried large and attractive lines of goods, including the latest products of the market of this and other countries and it was his purpose ever to please his patrons in all trade transactions, recognizing the fact that satisfied customers are the best advertisement. He also become widely known in financial circles and at one time was president of the Continental Bank & Trust Company and a director of the Northern National Bank. He occupied the presidency of the Fremont Furniture Company and he acquired large real estate holdings, making judicious investments from time to time. While he held considerable residence property he also built and at the time of his death owned the Collingwood Hall, which by the terms of his will remains in possession of Mrs. Baumgardner until her demise and then passes to the Old Ladies Home of .Toledo. Mr. Baumgardner was zealously interested in every project bearing upon the welfare, progress and upbuilding of Toledo in this section of the country. During his residence in Wooster he was one of the organizers of the Wooster Library Association and he took a leading part in establishing the Tri-State Fair Association, of which he became the first president. At the outset there was no working capital but the executive ability displayed by Mr. Baumgardner in the Management of the project during the seven years in which he occupied the presidency, led to the success of the undertaking until its receipts in that period amounted to over two hundred and sixty thousand dollars and permanent improvements were made to the amount of sixty thousand dollars. Moreover, the fair had an incalculable benefit over the surrounding territory by stimulating pride in production of all kinds, thus promoting business activity. Mr. Baumgardner was likewise actively interested in the Merchants, & Manufacturers Exchange, the predecessor of the board of trade and other such organizations having to do with the commercial and industrial development and prosperity of the city. Nor did he withhold his activity from the political field. He was a recognized factor in republican circles, working earnestly to secure the adoption of the principles in which he believed and in 1879 he was the mayoralty candidate of his party in Toledo, on which occasion he received the support of many a democratic voter as well as republican followers. In 1880 he was mentioned as a candidate for congress and at all times his opinions carried weight in the councils of his party. Perhaps his greatest public service was in connection with the Citizens Electric Light Company, which gave to Toledo one of its most valued utilities. When the corporation became seriously involved in financial difficulties he was made its president and called upon to reorganize its affairs. As the result of his tact and energy he effected a consolidation of the United States, the Brush' and the Thomson-Houston companies, with a capital stock .of one hundred and fifty thousand dollars. As president of the new organization he had soon placed it upon a paying basis and at the same time the people were TOLEDO AND LUCAS COUNTY - 555 supplied with better lighting than they had ever enjoyed before. His unfaltering energy and the soundness of his judgment proved valuable assets to any projects with which he became associated. On the 25th of April, 1858, Mr. Baumgardner was married to Miss Matilda E. Miller, a daughter of Mr. and Mrs. David Miller of Akron, Ohio, and together they traveled life's journey for more than half a century, sharing with each other in the joys and sorrows, the adversity and the prosperity, which enter, the careers of all, their mutual love and confidence increasing as the years passed by. In his later years he spent the winter months in Florida, and there, at Bradentown, his death occurred, on the 3d of March, 1909. His remains were brought back to Toledo for interment and on the day of the funeral his long-time friend and close associate, David Robinson, Jr., said of him : "It pained me greatly to learn of the death of my old friend, Leander S. Baumgardner. We were children, boys and men together, both having been born in Wayne county, Ohio, and there is no person living whom I have known so long and so intimately as him. I do not remember ever having known any person who was so uniformly the same, whether in his social or business life ; he had .no excesses, no extremes, he. was of unusual equipoise. In all his business life he was fair and honorable, and I. believe would have preferred to suffer loss himself rather than make an error whereby anyone should lose through him in any transaction. He had, always the interests of the city of Toledo at heart and manifested it in every way when opportunity presented itself ; and if opportunity did not offer he would create the opportunity. He was always active in public enterprise and a leader among leaders. It cannot be otherwise than that he will be greatly missed, not only by his family and his immediate friends, but also by all who knew him in his business and everyday life. He, has left too many monuments among us of his perseverance, beneficence and industry, to city, church and state, to summarize them, and they cannot be. forgotten. As we stand today in the presence of his taking off and in the passing cortege, the whole city acclaims with one accord : 'Thou hast gone from among us for ever !' And I can say, 'Go sainted friend, farewell !—hail and farewell.' " The Northern National Bank adopted memorial resolutions, paying merited tribute to his talents and energies as a business man and citizen and in the hearts of his many friends his memory is -cherished, for he made himself a warm and enduring place in the affection of those with whom he came into contact. ERNEST W. LATTIN Ernest W. Lattin, a native son of Toledo, has devoted his entire life to the meat business, in which he now occupies a position of leadership, and for many years the family has figured prominently in commercial circles of the city in connection with this line of activity. He was born February 10, 1882, and is a son of Thomas and Florence (Brock) Lattin, also natives of this city, in which they have always resided. The father entered the meat business, in which he engaged for a ccnsiderable period, gaining a comfortable competence which now enables him to live in retirement. Six children* have been born to Mr: and Mrs. Lattin : J. F., Thomas, J. M,. Mrs. Edna Scheeler and Ernest W., all of whom are residents of this city ; and Agnes, deceased. The public schools of Toledo afforded Ernest W. Lattin his educational privi- 556 - TOLEDO AND LUCAS COUNTY leges and his first position was that of delivery boy in the meat market of Herman Dickman. Starting at a salary of three dollars per week, he applied himself to learning the business and as his experience and value increased he was advanced to a position of greater responsibility. He carefully saved his earnings and in 1904 acquired control of the business, which he has since successfully conducted. It was operated under the style of Lattin Brothers until 1912, when the present name of the Lattin Market Company 'was adopted, and Ernest W. Lattin is the president of the firm. He has an expert knowledge of the business, which has steadily developed under his capable management, and he is now controlling the largest wholesale and retail meat market in the city, employing about fifty persons. Mr. Lattin was married February 27, 1908, to Miss May Trudeau, a daughter of Mr. and Mrs. Joseph Trudeau, prominent residents of this city, and they have a daughter, Natalie, who was born in 1910 and is a public school pupil. Mr. Lattin is a communicant of the Roman Catholic church. He is a valued member of the. Chamber of Commerce and his fraternal connections are with the Loyal Order of Moose and the Benevolent Protective Order of Elks. His initiative spirit, tenacity of purpose and executive powers have enabled him to build up a large mercantile undertaking and in business circles of Toledo the name of Lattin has long stood as a synonym for enterprise, integrity and reliability. He resides at No. 20 Edgewater Park. CHARLES RUSSELL CLAPP While a successful member of the Toledo bar for a number of years and since his retirement from law practice secretary and treasurer of the National Supply. Company, Charles Russell Clapp has never allowed business or professional interests to monopolize his time and attention but has found opportunity to aid in projects which are looking to the betterment of conditions, especially affecting the welfare of children. In this field of labor he is widely known and his efforts have been far-reaching and resultant. Mr. Clapp was born at Ballston Spa, in Saratoga county, New York, March 5, 1867, his parents being Russell Palmer and Medelia (Hale) Clapp. He acquired a common school education in his native town and afterward attended Colgate Academy and the Colgate University at Hamilton, Madison county, New York. He was graduated from Colgate University with the Bachelor of Philosophy degree in 1891, after which he entered upon preparation for the bar and was admitted to practice in the state of New York in 1893. He there followed his profession until 1896, when he was admitted to practice before the courts of Ohio, and in 1897 was admitted to practice in the supreme court of the United States. He devoted his attention to the active work of the profession until 1908, when he gave up law practice to become secretary and treasurer of the National Supply Company and still occupies that official position, being thus active in the control of one of the important commercial interests of Toledo. He is also a director of the Commerce-Guardian Trust & Savings Bank of this city. On the 5th of June, 1918, Mr. Clapp was married at Atlanta, Georgia, to Miss Jennie Mobley, a daughter of John Robert and Josephine Mobley. They are parents of one child, Josephine Mobley Clapp. They hold membership in the First Congregational church on Collingwood avenue and. Mr. Clapp is also a member of the Masonic order, Delta Kappa Epsilon, a college fraternity, and Phi Beta Kappa. TOLEDO AND LUCAS COUNTY - 559 In club circles, too, he is well known through his connection with the Toledo Club, the Toledo Country Club, the Inverness Club, is a member of the Chamber of Commerce and of the Rotary Club. While appreciative of the social amenities of life, he has ever been cognizant of its duties and obligations and has done active and effective work as vice president of the Newsboys' Association and as trustee of the Lucas County Children's Home. His interest in these organizations is deep and abiding and he has had marked influence in advancing higher ideals of manliness and citizenship among the members of the Newsboys' Association. His residence is at No. 1825 Collingwood avenue. EDWARD TIBBETTS Among the varied manufacturing enterprises which have been important factors in promoting industrial activity in Toledo is that of the Consolidated Pump Company, of which Edward Tibbetts is the president, and for fifty years he has been connected with the business which he is now controlling, winning his present position through merit and ability. He was born in Buffalo, New York, February 24, 1850, a son of John and Elizabeth (Holloway) Tibbetts, the former also a native of the Empire state and the latter of London, England. The mother was brought to the United States during her infancy and her parents settled in New York state, where her marriage occurred. John Tibbetts devoted his attention to the general contracting business, being associated with his brother-in-law, and his entire life was spent within the borders of his native state. Both he and the mother have passed away. The public schools of Buffalo, New York, afforded Edward Tibbetts his educational opportunities and when twenty years of age he came to Toledo, arriving in this city on the 9th of June, 1870. He learned the stonecutter's trade, which he followed for several years and in 1872 he entered the employ of the Toledo Pump Company. He worked for three years in the factory, thus gaining a practical knowledge of the mechanical end of the business, and in 1875 he was made traveling representative for the firm. His genial nature, forceful personality and thorough dependability well qualified him for this position, and he had no difficulty in securing orders for the products manufactured by the company, being firmly convinced of their durability and superior grade. For forty years he remained on the road, developing expert ability as a salesman and gaining a host of stanch friends in the territory which he covered, for he has closely followed the Golden Rule and his word is always to be relied upon. In 1895, in association with J. C. A. Leppelman and G. M. McCarty, he bought out the interests of the Toledo Pump Company and the business has since been continued under the name of the Consolidated Pump Company, of which Mr. Tibbetts is the president, while Mr. Leppelman is serving as secretary and treasurer. They manufacture pumps and ladders, having a well equipped plant in which they. employ fifty workmen, and their trade covers a wide territory, their products being shipped to all parts of the United States and also to points in Mexico and Canada. Mr. Tibbetts has devoted practically his entire life to this business, of which he has a highly specialized knowledge, and he carefully supervises every detail of its operation, while he also has the ability to see clearly its larger aspects, and displays marked executive power in the management of the undertaking, which has greatly prospered under his guidance, ranking 560 - TOLEDO AND LUCAS COUNTY with Toledo's leading productive industries. He has made judicious investments in real estate and is the owner of valuable property in the city, including attractive apartment buildings and residences in the most desirable sections of Toledo. Mr. Tibbetts has been married twice. On the 15th of December, 1881, at Albany, New York, he wedded Miss. Caroline Koons, a daughter of Mr. and Mrs. William P. Koons of that city. Her death occurred September 14, 1916. On the 7th of February, 1919, Mr. Tibbetts was married at Hamburg, New York, to Miss Mary Koons, a sister of his first wife. Mr. Tibbetts gives his political allegiance to the republican party, for he believes that its principles contain the best elements of good government, and loyally supports all those measures which are projected for the advancement and upbuilding of his city. He has fought life's battles unaided and his success is the result of intense application, ceaseless watchfulness of opportunity, self-confidence and a readiness to assume responsibility. High and honorable purposes have guided him in every relation and no resident of Toledo enjoys in a greater degree the respect, admiration and esteem of its citizens. ARTHUR TIMOTHY BELL Arthur Timothy Bell, head and founder of the bond house of A. T. Bell & Company, is a well known figure in bond and investment security circles in Toledo. He was born in Fremont, Ohio, September 11, 1884, and his parents were Charles W. and Nellie M. (Bush) Bell, the former a native of Rock Island, Illinois, and the latter of Fremont, this state. As a young man the father came to Ohio and in Toledo he was for many years engaged in the wholesale shoe trade as a member of the firm of R. H. Lane & Company. He passed away in this city in 1901. The mother's demise occurred in December, 1919. In their family were two children : Harrold W., who is connected with the Libbey-Owens Glass Company of Toledo and Arthur Timothy. Arthur T. Bell completed his high school course in Toledo and then entered Yale University, from which he was graduated in the class of 1906, with the degree of Civil Engineer. Taking up the work of his profession, he entered the employ of the Chicago, Milwaukee & St. Paul Railroad Company, at that time constructing its Puget Sound extension through the Cascade mountains in the state of Washington. For two years he was thus occupied and in 1908 he returned to Toledo, entering the engineering department of the Toledo Division of the New York Central Railroad, with which he was connected for four years. He then discontinued his professional activities and became assocHoehler &ith the bond firm of Hoehler Cummings, which later operated under the style of Cummings, Prudden & Company, in which Mr. Bell subsequently became a partner. Following the dissolution of the partnership in December, 1918, Mr. Bell organized the firm of A. T. Bell & Company, which began business on January 1, 1919, and of which he has since been the head. This firm is one of the very few houses that handles United States municipal bonds exclusively and is recognized as one of the representative bond houses of Toledo. Its growth has been both rapid and substantial and the acquirement of its high class clientele attests the straightforward business methods employed. Associated with Mr. Bell are A. B. Morrison, who has charge of the buying department, and B. S. Meilink, who attends to the sales. On the 29th of September, 1915, in Toledo, Mr. Bell was united in marriage to TOLEDO AND LUCAS COUNTY - 563 Miss Ruby May Richardson. Mrs. Bell is a daughter of Mr. and Mrs. S. O. Richardson and belongs to one of the prominent families of Toledo. Mr. and Mrs. Bell have two children : Susan Barrett, who was born September 1, 1916 and Arthur Richardson, born March 7, 1920. Mr. Bell in his political connection is a republican and in club circles is well known, being a member of the Toledo Club, the Toledo Country Club, the Toledo Commerce Club and he belongs to the Detroit Athletic Club, of which he is one of the early members, and also to the University Club of Detroit. Fraternally he is identified with the Masonic order. His residence is at No. 2210 Robinwood avenue. WILLIAM T. JACKSON Stronger and stronger is becoming the tendency to place the administration of public affairs in the hands of thoroughgoing, substantial and representative business men who will bring to bear their wide knowledge and experience gleaned from business in handling the public interests of a community. It was this tendency that made William T. Jackson the choice for the office of director of public service for Toledo, under the administration of Mayor B. F. Brough, and his course has shown that the confidence reposed in him was well placed. He has for a number of years been prominently known as a contractor and builder, being vice president of the firm of Joseph Jackson & Sons. He was born in Toledo, May 8, 1876, and is a son of Joseph Jackson, mentioned at length on another page of this work. William T. Jackson attended the public schools and was graduated from the Central high school when seventeen years of age. Later he attended the Davis Business College of Toledo and following his graduation therefrom he took up office work with the Snell Cycle Fittings Company. Following the suspension of that business in 1904, he began work with his father along contracting lines and in this has continued uninterruptedly to the present time, during which he has mastered every phase of the business, so that his activities are an essential element in the successful conduct and growth of the business of Joseph Jackson & Sons. In 1921 Mr. Jackson was chosen president of the General. Contractors' Association, a position which indicates his high standing in building circles. He is also a director of the Toledo Builders' Exchange and one of the directors of the Industry Building & Loan Association. He is likewise a member of the Department of Commerce Federal Building Code Commission and belongs to the Toledo Chamber of Commerce, serving on its board of trustees, and is also a member of the Rotary Club. In Masonic circles, too, he is well known, having attained the thirty-second degree of the Scottish Rite, and he is also a Noble of the Mystic Shrine. Something of the nature of his recreation is indicated in the fact that he is identified with the Toledo Yacht Club and the Toledo Automobile Club. On the 28th of September, 1907, Mr. Jackson was united in marriage to Miss Maude Atkins, a daughter of William and Anna Atkins of Toledo. She passed away December 31, 1915, leaving one child, Nan Betty, who was born August 7, 1914. On the 25th of January, 1919, Mr. Jackson was married to Miss Cora Kuhns, a daughter of Mr. and Mrs. J. H. Kuhns, of this city. Mr. and Mrs. Jackson are members of the Epworth Methodist Episcopal church and he is serving on the official board. His interest centers in those activities which have their basis in the general welfare and his support can at all times be counted 564 - TOLEDO AND LUCAS COUNTY upon to further any plan or measure for the public good. His political allegiance is given to the republican party, and while he has never been a politician in the sense of office seeking, he consented to fill the position of director of public service, believing it to be the duty of every citizen to render what aid he can in the capable management of public affairs. His conduct of this very important department of the city government, through the application of strict business methods, is one of the outstanding contributions to the success of the present municipal administration. He fully meets every obligation and every responsibility devolving upon him and his public record, like his private life, has brought him high endorsement and warm regard. The following article appeared in the Chamber of Commerce Journal of Toledo in March, 1923. "Regardless of your politics, you'll have to admit that Bill Jackson, contractor and trustee of the Chamber of Commerce, has made good. Even political writers on what is considered an anti-administration newspaper have practically conceded that. Jackson not only has made good for himself, but for the entire Brough administration, because he supplanted politics, wire-pulling, plum-awarding and political whatnot with plain ordinary business sense. He has worked shoulder to shoulder with the mayor in perfect accord. In his first year as the service director of the city Jackson saved close to seven hundred and fifty thousand dollars, or more than two thousand dollars a day. And he received about twelve dollars a day for doing this. The service director has made an enviable record for himself and this record is shared with the entire administration of which he has been an important part. "Jackson took the job, knowing that he was going to make a financial sacrifice. Friends say that his salary of forty-five hundred dollars as service director was less than one-quarter of what he could earn in the contracting business. Yet Jackson yielded to the appeal of Mayor Brough and business men and took his cabinet place. The job was accepted only on the condition that he could operate the city's business as he would his own. He started right off the reel to correct some of the things he had noticed. He demanded that workers put eight hours on the job, just as they do in business. They were told to ride to and from jobs on their own and not the city's time. 'Soldiering,' which he had noticed in the street department, was ordered eliminated. It had been the custom to send a string of wagons and a gang of men out to clean a street. As soon as one wagon was loaded, it would pull ahead and wait for another. When all were loaded, the wagons proceeded in. a train to the dump, leaving the men with nothing to do. Jackson changed that, however. He ordered wagons to proceed to the dump as soon as loaded and return to the job at once. Then he proceeded to fire forty foremen and inspectors, saving sixty-five thousand dollars annually in salaries. While city teams were in the barns, other teams were hired. He ended this. He ordered a check put on all tools, stopping losses in that direction. One little item, insignificant as it may seem, will show how Jackson has been on the job. Push brooms that street cleaners use, wear out on the ends near the curbs. Instead of throwing them away, Jackson ordered the worn ends cut off, preserving part of the broom. It's only a small item, but it serves to illustrate the thought that Jackson has given to his job. "Then he observed that it required ten or twelve painters five weeks to paint the flusher wagons. He put in a paint spray and can do the work in forty-eight hours. Names were painted by hand on the wagons. This cost seven and a half dollars for each wagon. Jackson ordered the names. stenciled on at a cost of TOLEDO AND LUCAS COUNTY - 565 fifty cents. In the street department alone, the service director, according to the City Journal, saved four hundred and fifty-six thousand dollars. "In the engineering department he let all contracts far below the estimates of the department. In the waterworks department, he eliminated a loss of forty thousand dollars yearly on installation charges and saved the city thirty thousand dollars on the settlement of the light and power bill 'with the Edison Company. He provided what he terms a better road in Walbridge park, at twenty-five thousand dollars less than the estimate made to the former administration. "These are some of the things he has done. This year, he has the new sewage pumping plant at Bay View Park in operation and hopes to clear up the Swan Creek district with an intercepting sewer. He awarded one four and one-half mile sewer contract at two hundred and eighty-eight thousand dollars less than the engineering estimate. He hopes to effect a settlement with the county on cost of using the city's sewer as well as part of construction costs. Jackson has finally succeeded in starting a plan to dispose of city garbage and refuse by modern incineration methods and has been authorized by council to proceed with plans for one incinerator. He is interested in city planning, zoning and port development study. In addition, during. the year he expects to have at least two grade crossing eliminations well under way. "His plans for this year provide for the most comprehensive program of improvement ever attempted in Toledo. He will supervise the paving of twenty-five streets ; open the new Hawley bridge over Swan Creek ; get a new safety building under roof by next fall and a dozen other important things. Jackson has hopes of seeing the new Summit street extension carried through to its original destination during his term of office. In a transit survey he is having made, he expects to have Ottawa and Water streets open for heavy trucking streets. He also expressed the hope for a new bridge across the river and the opening of a new route to the south side by rebuilding the Erie street bridge. These are some of the things Bill Jackson has done, will do and is doing. Chamber of Commerce, the city administration and the citizens of Toledo in general can feel gratified that they have in public office a man who really' has shown what a 'business administration' can do." MARY E. LAW, M. D. Dr. Mary E. Law, a graduate physician and principal of the Law Froebel Kindergarten Training School of Toledo, was born in Buffalo, New York, a daughter of Robert and Elvira (Britt) Law, who are mentioned on another page of this work. During the early girlhood of the daughter the family lived at different places, including Lockport and Buffalo and in the schools of these various towns acquired her primary educational training. After arriving in Toledo she attended the high school in this city, from which in due course of time she was graduated as a member of the class of 1874. For eight years thereafter Miss Law taught successfully in the public schools, but wishing to perfect herself in kindergarten work she entered the Chicago Free Kindergarten School and was graduated therefrom in 1883. Miss Law then returned to Toledo and in September of that year in conjunction with her sister, she opened a kindergarten in the Westminster church on Superior street, continuing in various locations for five years. The kindergarten 566 - TOLEDO AND LUCAS COUNTY movement had demonstrated its popularity by this time and was no longer in the experimental stage. Miss Law then saw the necessity of establishing a training school for kindergarten teachers and to further perfect herself in her chosen life work during her vacation periods she attended lectures or pursued additional courses of study as she realized that all knowledge, gained in whatever line, broadened the mind and made one more thorough and efficient in one's chosen profession. Thus she has constantly augmented her knowledge and promoted her power and as the result of her labors she has made a notable success of her chosen life work. In 1888 she established her Kindergarten Training School, to which she directed the major part of her attention and efforts until 1893, when she entered the Toledo Medical School, from which she received the M. D. degree in 1896. Dr. Law has never practiced medicine as a profession, but she finds it of great practical benefit to her in the training school, of which she is the head. She has always closely studied conditions in order to promote progress along professional lines and was instrumental in procuring the adoption of the kindergartens by the public schools of Toledo. While hers was not the first kindergarten of the city, her predecessor having been Miss Lily Lang, Miss Law has nevertheless done much for the sturdy and substantial growth of the movement, by supplying properly trained teachers for the work. With the assistance of her two sisters, Mrs. Card and Mrs. Bissell and other special teachers the school has prospered for nearly forty years. In 1896 they erected a training school at No. 2313 Ashland avenue and. today the institution is in a most flourishing condition. The school can accommodate from eighty to one hundred pupils and the students and graduates are in constant demand in all parts of the country. Many come from distant sections of the United States to attend the school and her system of instruction is most thorough and comprehensive, so that her graduates go out well qualified for the duties and responsibilities that confront them. In 1908 Miss Law adopted a child, a little boy four years of age whom she has called Theodore Roosevelt Law. A very real attachment exists between them and he is making- excellent progress in his school work, and is anxious to become an ideal representative of his namesake. CHRISTOPHER FRANKLIN WALL The life record of Christopher Franklin Wall touches many lines of activity which have had to do with Toledo's development and welfare. While he started out in the business world a lad in his teens, without special advantages or opportunities, he is now a prominent figure in business circles, being- president and general manager of the Toledo Transfer Company. Mr. Wall was born in. this city December 25, 1856, a son of Edward and Alice (Ryan) Wall, the father connected with the Toledo Transfer & Bus Company, which was organized about 1848. Christopher F. Wall Obtained a public school education, pursuing his studies to the age of about fifteen years. When he was a lad of eleven his father met financial reverses and for some time the family had a difficult struggle, so that when a youth of fifteen Christopher F. Wall began learning the machinist's trade, at which he worked for our years. He was afterward employed by the American District Telegraph Company as a clerk and in that connection worked his way upward to the position of manager. Throughout this period he was also a member of the fire department TOLEDO AND LUCAS COUNTY - 569 and was advanced to the positions of captain, assistant chief and chief, holding the latter position at the time he resigned in August, 1900. It was then that he spent four and a half years with the American Linseed Company as manager of its insurance department. Subsequently he purchased the Boody House, which he conducted for five years. For years he has been interested in the Toledo Transfer Company, of which he is now the president and general manager, and under his direction the business of this corporation is being wisely and profitably conducted. He is also the secretary-treasurer of the Toledo Baseball Club and is much interested in the national game. Mr. Wall was married in Toledo to Miss Betsy Osterman of this city and they have become parents of three children, Richard John and Alice Margaret. They lost another son, Christopher Franklin, who died October 4, 1921, at the age of twenty-six years, his death being the occasion of deep regret to many friends as well as to the immediate family. Mr. Wall has long been a prominent figure in connection with public service and public interests in Toledo and few men in the city have enjoyed a wider acquaintance than Mr. Wall. For some time he was a director of public safety and he remains a close student of all those activities and projects which have to do with the city's welfare and advancement. Fraternally, too, he is widely known, for he is a thirty-second degree Mason and member of the Mystic Shrine, is a past exalted ruler of the Benevolent Protective Order of Elks, and also belongs to the Knights of Pythias, to the Loyal Order of Moose and to the Order of Eagles. He is a faithful follower of the beneficent teachings upon which these orders are based and he is ever loyal to any cause which he espouses. In many ways his life has been one of usefulness and benefit to the community and in business circles his steady progress has brought him to an enviable position where a business of gratifying proportions now returns to him a substantial annual income. HARRY G. PAMMENT, M. D. In the field of professional service Dr. Harry G. Pamment has made continuous progress and the consensus of public opinion places him with Toledo's leading physicians. He was 'born in Rock Island, Illinois, August 13, 1885, of the marriage of George Henry and Sarah (Gill) Pamment, both of whom were natives of England and came to the United States in early life, first locating at Rock Island, where the father followed the stonemason's trade. He is now residing at Waukegan, Illinois. The mother passed away at that place in 4899. They had a family of three children : Charles S., whose home is at Dufur, Oregon ; Mrs. Emma Biddle, of Genoa, Ohio ; and Harry G. In 1904 Dr. Pamment completed his course in the Waukegan high school and he then became a student at Denison College at Granville, Ohio; where he remained for three years. Two years later Adrian College at Adrian, Michigan, conferred upon him the B. S. degree and he next entered Rush Medical College at Chicago, Illinois, from which he won his professional degree in 1913. The ensuing .year was spent as interne at the Presbyterian Hospital of Chicago and since 1914 he has been a resident of Toledo, building up a large practice in the intervening period of eight years. He thoroughly understands the scientific as well as the practical phases of the profession and through constant reading and close study of the 570 - TOLEDO AND LUCAS COUNTY cases that come under his care is continually broadening his knowledge and promoting his efficiency. His professional ability has led to his selection for public office and for the past five years he has served as city epidemiologist, making a highly commendable record in that connection. On the 25th of August, 1915, Dr. Pamment was united in marriage to Miss Vera Swift, a daughter of Mr. and Mrs. Alva Swift, prominent residents of Haynes Hollow, New York. For six months Dr. Pamment was stationed on the Texas border with the United States troops and during the World war he was made a member of the medical examining board for the second district. He was commissioned a first lieutenant in the Medical Corps and was sent to Camp Greenleaf. His professional connections, are with the Toledo & Lucas County Academy of Medicine, the Ohio State Medical Society and the American Medical Association. He is a Royal Arch Mason and also has membership with the Exchange Club. In religious faith he is a Baptist and his political allegiance is given to the republican party. He has based his success upon untiring application and persevering effort and deep interest in his profession has led to the acquirement of broad knowledge and marked skill. PETER JOSEPH KRANZ The life record of a self-made man is always a source of interest to others. There is something stimulating in the history of one who wrests fortune from the hands of fate and who comes off conqueror in all those struggles and trials which must precede ascendancy. Such has been the career of Peter Joseph Kranz, who In the real estate field has operated largely and successfully,. conducting important dealings as the president of the P. J. Kranz Company. He was born in Alsdorf, near Trier, Germany, July 22, 1866, and was the youngest in a family of eleven children, eight sons and three daughters, four of which number died in infancy, while the others reached adult age. Their parents were Peter and Mary (Roles) Kranz, who were also natives 'of Alsdorf, Germany. The father was a millwright by trade and when he joined the army in accordance with the military regulation of his native country he was assigned to the Royal Guards at Berlin, from the fact that he was six feet, two inches, in height. He passed away in his native country at the age of fifty-six. His wife survived him to the age of seventy-six years. Peter Joseph Kranz was educated while spending his youthful days under the parental roof, but immediately after putting aside his textbooks he left Germany in order to join his eldest brother, who had become a resident of Toledo in 1880 and who here passed away April 6, 1909. On reaching his destination Peter J. Kranz secured employment with Casey & Streicher, a firm of paving contractors, and six months later he began clerking in a grocery store, after which he was employed in several grocery houses. In 1888 he became bookkeeper for the Mutual Savings Association and during his three or four years' experience in that connection he formed the acquaintance of many men of business and financial standing in the city—an acquaintance that was of value to him when he later entered the real estate field on his own account. Entering into partnership with Henry Heeman under the firm style of Heeman, Kranz & Company, he conducted a real estate, loan and insurance business, whereby he has come into prominence and success, being regarded today as one of the leading realtors in Toledo. Mr. Kranz was also the secretary TOLEDO AND LUCAS COUNTY - 573 of the Builders Exchange from 1892 until 1905 and when he resigned his position in the latter year he sought larger quarters for his rapidly growing business, a removal being made to the second floor of the Gardner building, where the P. J. Kranz Company still maintains its offices. The business was carried on under the original style of Heeman, Kranz & Company until November 30, 1910, when it was incorporated under the present name, with Mr. Kranz as president, C. J. Spear, vice president, and W. J. Schroeder, secretary, while the sons of Mr. Kranz are directors of the corporation. The business of the company has reached an immense volume in all of its departments, covering insurance, real estate and loans. Constantly: the activities. of Mr. Kranz have expanded in accordance with the growth and development of the city and on the 30th of August, 1905, he incorporated The Kranz Realty & Investment Company, of which he likewise became the president. From 1913 until 1916 he was the secretary of the United States Malleable Iron Company of Toledo, but sold his holdings in the concern in the latter year. A considerable portion of the real estate activity in Toledo throughout the present century has been promoted through the efforts of P. J. Kranz and no one is more familiar with realty conditions, the market, the valuation and the opportunities for exchange or purchase than he. His close application, his indefatigable energy and his persistency of purpose have been strong features in his growing success. Among his other business interests he is secretary of the Marbleite Manufacturing Company of Toledo. On the 8th of February, 1890, Mr. Kranz was married to Miss Helena Ramm of Toledo, daughter of Henry Ramm. She was born in Holstein, Germany, and when twelve years of age accompanied her parents to America, the family home being established in Lucas county, Ohio, in 1881. The father devoted his remaining days to farming in Washington township and in that section of the county Mrs. Kranz pursued her education in the public schools. Mr. and Mrs. Kranz are blessed with an interesting family of sons : Leo P. has a daughter, Louise, born September 2, 1921; Albert J. ; Karl J. has a son, Donald J., born March 29, 1921; Bernard H. ; and Gerold I. All the sons are stockholders, officials, and directors of the P. J. Kranz Company and the Kranz Realty. & Investment Company. Albert J. pursued a literary course in the University of Michigan and afterward studied law in Notre Dame University at South Bend, Indiana. The family adheres to the Catholic faith, attending St. Peter and St. Paul's church, to the work of which Mr. Kranz is a generous supporter. He also has membership in the Knights of Columbus and belongs as well to the Toledo Chamber of Commerce, being one of the earliest members of that organization ; the Toledo Automobile Club ; and the Slagle Resort Club, of which he is secretary and treasurer. He has always been keenly interested in the city's welfare and progress and his devotion to the general good has been manifest in many tangible ways. He was appointed by Mayor Milroy a member of his cabinet in December, 1915, being made director of finance and in that office served until April 1, 1916, when private affairs obliged him to resign. He has always been a stanch advocate of democratic principles and untiring in his efforts to secure their adoption. He is a member of the Toledo Real Estate Board, the Ohio Real Estate Board and the National Real Estate. Board and is a well-known figure in real estate circles throughout the country. He is also a member of the Toledo Art Museum, the Historical Society of Northwestern Ohio, and the Ohio State Board of Commerce. His methods have been actuated by a most progressive spirit and he has never feared to venture where favoring opportunity has pointed the way. While he has risen to prominence and 574 - TOLEDO AND LUCAS COUNTY attained most gratifying success he has never allowed the pursuit of wealth to become the whole end and aim of his life. On the contrary, he has recognized all of the duties and obligations that fall to the lot of every individual and has capably met every responsibility of citizenship, of friendship and of home ties. Mr. Kranz is not without his hobbies, and his love of art best finds expression in his magnificent collection of United States and foreign stamps, comprising over fifty-five thousand specimens, and representing more than forty-five years of activity as a collector. His collection is one of the most valuable and complete possessed by any individual in the middle west and one of the very few private collections containing a complete set of United States Government postage and revenue stamps, envelopes and post cards. His collection of private proprietary stamps is also complete with the exception of a few practically unobtainable specimens. Since 1888, he has been a member of the American Philatelic Society and is numbered among the prominent philatelists of the country. Mr. Kranz is extremely fond of open-air life, being an enthusiastic hunter and angler, and probably his greatest recreational pleasure is trout fishing. In later years he has traveled extensively abroad and by reason of his wide experiences has become a man of liberal culture, well prepared for anything that life may bring. The high ideals which he cherishes have ever found embodiment in practical, efforts for their adoption and because of the innate refinement of his nature he has rejected everything opposed to good taste. Mr. Kranz's residence is at No. 635 Lincoln avenue. THE HOME SAVINGS BANK The Home Savings Bank Company was organized in 1892. The dominating spirit of the enterprise was Mr. Dean V. R. Manley, who had for a number of years been filling most acceptably a position as teller in the Second National Bank. Mr. Manley attracted about him in the organization of the bank some of the best known citizens of the city, the original board of directors being : Messrs. Alvin M. Woolson, John S. Kinnan, Carl F. Braun, Barton Smith, Herbert Baker, Samuel R. Dority, Adelbert L. Spitzer, William J. Colburn, Edward D. Libbey, Arthur J. Secor, Jethro G. Mitchell, W. A. Brigham, Alexander Black, Edwin Jackson and A. Bentley. The first officers chosen by the board were : Mr. A. M. Woolson, president ; Mr. C. F. Braun, vice president ; and Mr. Dean V. R. Manley, cashier. Arrangements were made to occupy quarters in the Gardner building, then under construction, which quarters the bank has continuously occupied up to this time. Active business was not started until late in 1893, and in the interim Mr. Woolson had resigned as president, and was succeeded by Mr. Herbert Baker, who served the, bank and this community well and faithfully throughout the remaining years of his life. Mr. Baker's sterling worth gave an impress to the character of the bank which accounts very largely for its high standing in the community. While the charter title of the bank indicates that it specializes as a savings bank, it has from its very inception been successful in handling commercial accounts, and has assisted very substantially in the development of trade and manufactures in the city. In all successive annual electings men have been chosen as directors who