PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM - 225 German Reformed Church, to which his wife also belonged. She opened her eyes to the light in January, 1793, and departed this life in August, 1873. Mr. Ketteman is now living with a granddaughter in Xenia and although advanced in years, having been born June 9, 1795, his mind is still active and his bodily health quite good. He is of Dutch origin, being a son of Jacob and Margaret (Bergdoll) Ketteman of Virginia.   HARRY B. MOUK, a young and enterprising business man of Medway, Clark County, has in the few years that have passed since he attained his majority, exhibited a degree of energy and business tact that promises to give him an advanced position among the capitalists of the county ere many years. He is engaged in a general mercantile business, being the principal member of the firm of Monk & Schatz, and he also superintends a farm of sixty-two acres which he owns on the Valley Piko. His mercantile business was begun in January, 1889, when a new stock of goods was put in, and the firm is already doing a large trade, their location being a good one and their position the leading one among the merchants of the town. The natal day of our subject was June 16, 1862, and his birthplace in Bethel Township. His father (lying when he was about six months old, his mother removed to her father's home where the child was reared, learned farming and was well educated at the Helmer Schools. When twenty-one years of age he came into possession of his present estate where he engaged in farming, attending the Dayton markets, and dealing in provisions. - He became' very successful at his first business as he did in raising tobacco, which enterprise he began in 1878, raising from four to five acres per year. His farm has been improved in first-class style, a barn 40x60 feet, a tobacco barn 30x72 feet, and a large, residence having been built, all substantial and well designed. In addition to these business enterprises, Mr. Monk is a shareholder in the Osborn Bank. He has belonged to the Democrat County Central Committee three years, and has been.a delegate to county conventions. He is very popular, moves in the best society, and is a worthy representative of a respectable family. The Monk family is of Swiss extraction, and the home of former generations in this country was Pennsylvania. Near Marietta, Lancaster County, Harry Mouk was born and reared, carrying on his father's farm, which after his marriage he purchased. In 1851 he came to Ohio to find a location and the next year brought his family to Clark County,.purchasing two hundred and forty acres of land for $40 per acre. It was located on Mad River, the residence being built on the Valley Pike about one and a half miles from Osborn. The place was well improved and successfully operated by the owner, who was also the possessor of one hnndred and sixty acres a mile and a half north of his home farm. He passed away February 13, 1875. His wife was Esther Hershey, like himself a native of Lancaster County, Pa., and of Swiss ancestry. Her father, Andrew Hershey, was a successful farmer in that county, in which he spent his entire life. He was a descendant in the third generation of Andrew Hershey, who was born in Switzerland about 1702 and came to America with his father in 1719, buying land from William Penn, and settling where the family was represented for several generations. The last-named, Andrew Hershey, and three brothers were Mennonite ministers, and the family left their native land on account of religious persecutions against the sect to which they belonged. Among the children born to Harry and Esther (Hershey) Mouk was Henry, who accompanied them to this county in 1852. Having been reared to farm pursuits, he engaged in that occupation on his father's place, but was cnt off early in life, dying at the age of about thirty years. He was the father of two sons—Benjamin who died when twenty-two years old, and the subject of this biographical sketch. Their mother, formerly Miss Catherine Baker, is yet living, making her home with our subject. She was born in Franklin County, Pa., but from her girlhood resided in this county, obtaining her education in Bethel Township. She is a member of the Mennonite Church. Her father, 226 - PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM. Peter Baker, was born in Lancaster County, Ps., where he engaged in farming until 1840, when he came to Ohio and made a settlement. He bought the farm which our subject now owns and lived upon it until his death in 1875. He was one of the most active members of the Mennonite Chnrch, in which he held the office of Deacon, and gave a building site on his farm upon which a church edifice was erected. MOSES SANDERS, one of the. oldest native born citizens of Silver Creek Township, Greene County, still sojourns at the homestead where he has spent the greater part of his life. It lies on- the Sanders-Smith pike, one mile southWest of Jamestown and is one of- the most valuable farms in that vicinity: This comprises four hundred acres of choice land, well improved and furnished with substantial buildings. Mr. Sanders by a course of industry and economy has become well-to-do, with more than a sufficiency of this world's goods to defend him against want in his old age. The subject of this notice was born December 15, 1822, and was the son of .William and Elizabeth (Linders) Sanders who were natives of North Carolina and of English descent. William Sanders was reared to manhood on a farm, but after his marriage emigrated to. Kentucky where he settled on a small tract of land near Crab Orchard, and lived there until after the birth of two children. He then had the misfortune to lose his land on account of its belonging to an older claimant, and then decided upon emigrating to Ohio. The journey was made on pack horses, one of which carried the wife and two children and' the other their few personal effects. The father had his gun with him and killed sufficient- game for their use on the journey as they camped and cooked by the wayside. After several weeks of tedious travel, the Sander's family landed in Csar's Creek Township, Greene County, this State, and being without money Mr. Sanders traded a $60 horse for sixty acres of land upon which he settled and lived one year. Then selling out he located on another new farm in what is now Silver Creek Township, in the vicinity of Jamestown, which was then marked by only a few houses. This 'also comprised sixty acres u on which the parents spent the remainder of their days and upon which the father effected good improvements. He, however, added to his landed possessions and at the time of his death left nearly three hundred acres. The father of our subject departed this life July 2, 1861. He was a hard-working, honest man, and as the result of a temperate life and good habits, was hale and hearty at the time of his death although eighty-five years old. He was for many years conneeted with the Missionary Baptist Church and in politics, during his younger years, belonged to the old Whig party. Upon its abandonment he wheeled into the Republican ranks. The wife and mother preceded her husband to the silent land, her death taking place March 9, 1859. She was then seventy-nine years old. She was of the typical pioneer mothers, possessing all the womanly virtues, devoted to her family, kind and charitable, and always lent a helping hand to those in need. She was a member of the same church as her husband. Of their congenial nnion there was born a family of twelve children, six sons and six daughters, of whom two sons and two daughters are yet living. The entire twelve lived to mature years and eleven were married. Moses Sanders was one of the younger members of his parents' family and spent his early years in a manner common to the sons of pioneer farmers, acquiring a very limited education in the primitive Schools and assisting in the development of the new farm. After reaching man's estate, he set about the establishment of a home of his own, taking unto himself a wife and. helpmate, Miss. Elizabeth Harness. Mrs. Sanders was born January 18, 1829, in New Jasper Township, to John and Elizabeth (Peterson) Harness, who were most excellent and worthy people and spent the greater part of their lives in that township. Mr. Harness died in 1862. His wife survived him for a period of twenty-one years, her death taking place in 1883. Both were consistent PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM - 227 members of the Methodist Episcopal Church. They were natives of Virginia, whence they emigrated with their respective parents to Ohio, the two families settling in New Jasper Township and becoming well-to-do, building up good homesteads from the wilderness- Mr. and Mrs. Harness were the parents of five children and one son died in the army during the Civil War. The remaining four are still, living, married and settled in comfortable homes. The wife of our subject was carefully reared by her excellent parents, receiving such education as the pioneer schools afforded and becoming familiar with all useful household duties. She remained with her parents until her marriage and is now the mother of four children. The eldest, John William, married Miss Emma Brickel and they live on a farm in Silver Creek Township; Sarah J. is the wife of Jacob Patterson, a farmer of Delaware County, and.; James H. and A. Clinton remain at home and assist their father in the farm work. Mr. and Airs. Sanders are prominently connected with the Missionary Baptist Chnrch in which Mr. Sanders officiates as a Deacon and Trustee, which offices he has held for the long period of thirty years. Politically, like his honored father, he is a Republican of the first water. He is one of the County Commissioners who are constructing the Sanders-Smith pike, running from Jamestown to Paintersville, and which forms an admirable highway greatly appreciated by the People of this region. Socially he is a Master Mason, belonging to Lodge No. 352, at Jamestown. ERASMUS J. KITCHEN. The career of Mr. Kitchen as a man and a citizen has been admirable in the extreme. No man in Greene Township occupies a higher position among the people who have known him long and well, and none have been of more service in advancing' the best interests of this part of the county. Liberal and public-spirited, he uniformly gives his encouragement to every worthy enterprise, and during the late Civil War signalized his patriotism, by doing gallant service as a Union soldier. He is the owner of a fine property, including a well-developed farm with modern buildings and all the other accessories of the, well-regulated country estate. Both in social and business circles he is a universal favorite. Abraham Kitchen, the father of onr subject, was one of the earliest pioneers of Clarke County, and assisted materially in its growth and development. He was born in 1802, in Warren County, this State, and when reaching manhood was joined in wedlock with Miss Martha M. Jones. The mother of our subject was born in Fayette County, this State, whence her parents subsequently removed to Greene County, where she was married to Mr. Kitchen in 1829. Upon the removal to Clarke County soon afterward, Mr. and Mrs. Kitchen first settled on section 4, Green Township, where they lived, two years. The father then purchased the land which is now owned and occupied by his son, Eramsus J., and there both parents spent the remainder of their lives, dying in 1888, one month apart, the mother on the 28th of May and the father on the 28th of June. They were the parents of eight children, five of whom are living--Margaret Ann became the ,wife of John McCullough, who is now deceased, and she lives at the old homestead; she is the mother of three boys, who are all married and settled in homes of their own; J. S. is married and the father of two children; he lives in Springfield; I. N. is farming in Green Township; Mary J. and Erasmus J. are twins; the former is living in Greene- County, and is the wife of John Rife, who is represented elsewhere in this work. The subject of this notice was born August 11, 1836, and spent his boyhood and youth on the farm and in attendance at the district school, remaining at home until a man of twenty-five years. In September, 1861, after the outbreak of the Civil War he laid aside his farming implements and resolved to have a hand in the preservation of the. Union. Going to Springfield, he enlisted in Company F, Forty-fourth Ohio Infantry, and went with his regiment to West Virginia under the command of Gen. Cox. They drove the rebel Gen. Floyd. from Cotton Mountain, and spent the following winter on the Kanawa. Later they met the 228 - PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM. enemy at Lewisburg, and from there drove the rebels from the Kanawa Valley, engaging them at the battle of Charleston and in several skirmishes. Thence they marched to Point Pleasant, passed through Covington and Lexington, Ky., from there to Danville and Frankfort, and in the latter place were mounted and remained in the saddle for several months. Mr. Kitchen was in the battle of Dutton Hill, and saw much hard service in Kentucky and Tennessee, skirmishing and scouting. They were then dismounted and placed under command of Gen. Burnside, who led them to Knoxville, where they engaged in the siege of that city, and next followed Gen. Longstreet into Virginia, attacking him above Strawberry Plains.- In the- winter of 1863-64, Mr. Kitehen re-enlisted in the Eighth Ohio Cavalry, where he was promoted to Second Sergeant and later to Orderly Sergeant. Returning then to West Virginia, he took part in Hunter's raid, and then retired to Beverly and remained there through the following summer. At this place they.were surprised by the rebels and part of their command captured, but they, were recaptured in a couple of hours. At the same -afterward they were taken by surprise and nearly all the regiment-was captured. Mr. Kitchen, however, by passing himself off as a rebel, made his ,escape through the enemy's ranks. During the day he remained in hiding. He came near being captured upon -one occasion by rebel cavalry, but fortunately eluded them. When finally beyond danger, he remained for a time recruiting at Phillippi, W.Va., and from there went to Clarksburg, in the same State. ,The war being now ended, he received his honorable discharge at Clarksburg, W.Va., July 30, 1865. Upon leaving the service Mr. Kitchen returned to his old haunts in his native State, and began again the life of a farmer. A few months later, October 12, 1865, he was joined in wedlock with Miss Lavina M., daughter of James and Margaret, (Kitchen) Hatfield. The parents of Mrs. Kitchen were natives of Ohio, and spent their last. years in Clarke County, both being now deceased. Mrs. Kitchen was born May 7, 1841, and -departed this life at the homestead. in Green Township, Clark County, August 26, 1889. Six ehildren had been born of this union, viz: Joseph L., Abraham L., James H., Stephen, Erasmus J. and' Wayne A. Mrs. Kitchen, like her husband, was a member of the Free-Will Baptist Church, and the latter retains his connection therewith. Mr. Kitchen has been a School Director in his district and also a member of the Township Board of Education. Politically, he votes the straight Republican ticket, and has frequently been sent as a delegate to the county conventions. As a Union soldier, he belongs to Mitchell Post, No. 45, G. A. R., at Springfield. The landed estate of Mr. Kitchen embraces five hundred and one acres, all in Green Township. He purchased his present farm in 1865, and in 1874 he put up the present residence. He occupies himself in general farming and makes a specialty of stock-raising. The old Kitchen homestead has been in the family for about one hundred years. The paternal grandfather of our subject was Stephen Kitchen, and the maiden name of his wife was Ann Bacaw, and both were natives of Pennsylvania. HON. CHARLES FENTON HOWARD, one of the most prominent and enterprising young business men of Xenia, is a son of one of. its earliest pioneers, Roswell F. Howard, and was born July 12, 1859, in this city. He first attended the public schools and afterward entered Xenia College, in which he completed the literary course. After that he spent a year in Antioch College. Thence he Went to Ann Arbor, Mich., and entered the Michigan State University, but on account of failing health was unable to complete his course of study there. Mr. Howard until the spring of of 1883 was comparatively inactive, endeavoring,to recnperate, and was then elected City Clerk. In attempting to discharge the duties of this office he was seized with his former illness and compelled to resign the position before the expiration of his term. In the meantime, when able, he pursued the study of law in his father's office. In the spring of 1888 he PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM - 231 was elected Mayor of the city of Xenia, just fifty years from the time that his father, in 1838, was first elected to the same office. Our subject was married at the bride's home near Xenia, October 25, 1882, to Miss Adda G., daughter of George F. Cowdy. Of this union there have been born no children. Mrs. Howard is prominently connected with the Methodist Episcopal Church, and both are in the enjoyment of the esteem and confidence of hosts of friends. Mr. Howard has been quite active in politics, and is a stamch supporter of the Republican party. Roswell F. Howard is a native of Ohio, and came this county during the days of its earliest settlement. He was married in Ohio to Miss Margaret M. Steele, a native of this State. The father still resides in the city of Xenia, but the mother is deceased. NICKERSON S. BARRATT. it affords the biographer at all times a rare pleasure to chronicle the prineipal events in the histories of those brave pioneers who marched forward in advance of civilization itself and hewed out paths through traekless forests, opened roads, broke land hitherto untouched save by savages, and made out of a wilderness a beautiful country, whose grateful soil richly rewards the careful labor of the husbandman. Among such pioneers prominent mention belongs to the subject of this sketch and his estimable wife, hoth of whom have ceased from the labors of life, and now rest peacefully side by side, undisturbed by song of bird or merry laugh of children. New Jersey was the native State of Mr. Barratt, and in Camden he was born October 16, 1796. His father, Caleb Barratt, was likewise born in New Jersey, and emigrated to the Buekeye State in 1820. Our subject accompanied him, and immediately began to work for himself, laying the foundation fora home of his own. Here also he met and wooed Miss Fanny Farnham, with whom he was united in marriage Decemher 26, 1822. Mrs. Fanny (Farnham) Barratt was born in Waterbury, Vt., while her father, John S. Farnham, was a native of New Hampshire. He was also a soldier in the Revolutionary War, his services extending over a period of five years, during which he was present at the surrender of Cornwallis at Yorktown. He came to Ohio in 1810, when his daughter Fanny was but seven years old. She remembered crossing Lake Chautauqua, N. Y., in a skiff with her cousin, Miss Bemis; the crossing is yet known as the Bemis Crossing in honor of the family. Upon leaving his Eastern home Mr. Farnham made his way to the head waters of the Ohio River, where he made a raft by lashing two flatboats together, on which the family came as far as Montgomery, and there spent the winter. They then took up their residence at Centreville, where they carried on a farm and dairy, keeping thirty cows and making cheese, which was hauled to Cincinnati in wagons. In 1820 they removed to Clark County, locating on the plate now occupied by their granddanghter, Miss Adeline Barratt. There Mr. Farnham died in 1827, his son-in-law, the subject of this sketch, passing away at the same place, July 15, 1836. Both were interred in the Fletcher churchyard near Springfield. They were of the Free-Will Baptist Church, and the Fletcher Church was the nearest one during the lifetime of Mr. Barratt. Mrs. Barratt lived until January 31, 1890, when she died from the effects of a fall she had received on December 4 preceding. She had reached the advanced age of eighty-six years. Her life had been characterized by the same sincere piety that had made her husband so deeply regretted when he was cnt down in early life, and she also possessed social qualities that gained the respect of those about her. We append the following obituary notiee of this excellent lady. " Friday evening, January 31, 1890, Mrs. F. Barratt died at her home four miles west of South Charleston. On December 4, eight weeks prior to her death, she fell, dislocating her hip and fracturing her right thigh bone, from which injuries she was a patient sufferer, never murmuring. She was born at Waterbury, Vt., December 23, 1803. When a child of seven years her father, John S. Farnham, and family were among the many who came West. 232 - PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM. A wagon transported them to the river, where they constructed a raft by lashing two flatboats together, and upon this they put their possessions. Winter eoming on, the ice became so thick in the river that they spent a few months in Montgomery, Ohio. The spring following they removed to Centreville, on a farm a few miles from Lebanon, and engaged in the dairy business, hauling their cheese to Cincinnati to be disposed of at low prices or exchanged for salt and other essentials. "On the 1st day of March, 1820, John S. Farnham entered a tract of land in Madison Township, now known as the Hall farm, and thereon erected a house, which is still standing. On December 26, 1822, the daughter, Fanny, became the wife of Dickenson S. Barratt, who shortly afterward purchased a portion of the Farnham homestead, erecting a house, where his widow afterward resided. She lived a quiet life during her last years, and it was not generally known of what a relic Madison Township could boast. Up to the time of the fatal accident she was active for one of her years, being eighty-six on December 23. She was a true, noble Christian woman, an affectionate mother of six children, and a member of the Free-Will Baptist Church at Pleasant Grove. She delighted to have her friends come in, and songs of praise and prayer were often heard in her sick room. Mrs. Barrett's remains were laid to rest beside those of her husband at Fletcher Chapel, February 2. The services at the church were conducted by the Rev. B. F. Zell, and the large audience bore evidence to the high esteem in which the departed was held. All who knew Mrs. Barratt recognized in her all that was good and true, and extended the hand of sympathy to those of her family who are left to mourn the loss of one whom all sadly miss, and who wait in hope of a glorious immortality." The family is now represented by Miss Adeline, who still lives on the old homestead, which now comprises thirty acres, and who is the only survivor of six children. The others were named Clorinda, Menda, Sophronia, Sarah and Webster. The brother died in JacksonviHe, Fla., of lung fever. He left a son and daughter, both of whom are now married. None of the sisters were ever married. Miss Barratt is a lady of high character, womanly graces, and intelligence. She ever cherished the memory of hex deceased parents, and endeavors to carry out the precepts governing their lives, and to continue every good work in which they were interested. The portrait of Mrs. Fanny Barratt, mother of Miss Adeline, is shown in connection with this sketch. ALBERT M. STARK. The mercantile interests of Xenia have been for many years worthily represented by Mr. Stark who conducts a grocery and crockery store on South Detroit Street, and who has long been favorably known among the business men of the city. This is the city of his birth and the date thereof June 4, 1822. His father, William T. Stark, came to this county from Lexington, Ky., as early as 1814, and was the first silversmith to establish himself in business in this place. He manufactured everything in his line, thimbles, rings, and time various other articles belonging to his trade, having his first shop on the north side of Third, between King and Detroit Streets. He followed this business through his entire life, and also officiated as Postmaster of Xenia, being appointed to this office by President Jackson in 1829 and holding it continuously until 1841. The office was then located on Detroit Street a few doors south of Main. The elder Stark was a prominent man in the community, and besides holding other official positions was a member at one time of the Town Council. The father of our subject was born in Loudoun County, Va., and was the son of John Stark, who subsequently removed to Lexington, Ky., and there William F. completed his education and learned his trade. In 1814 he was married to Miss Lydia Miley, of Cincinnati. This lady was born in Washington County, Pa., whence she removed with her parents to Columbia, Hamilton County, and lived there until her marriage. This union resulted in the birth of eleven children, of whom but five are living. Mr. Stark died in 1858 in Xonia. The wife and mother survived until 1872, spending her PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM - 233 last days with children in Xenia. They were among the early members of the Methodist Episcopal Church, and the entire family was noted for its exceptional honesty and business ability. The subject of this notice completed his education under the tutorship of the well-known instructor, Thomas Steele, a very popular and capable teacher. He commenced his business career when A boy in the store of Canby & ,Walton, and remained with them for two years. Then, in 1838, :.he engaged with J. C. McMillan and remained with him as clerk and partner for the long period of twenty years. Subsequently he was with Stark, Little & Cooper. After the outbreak of the Civil War Mr. Stark, in 1862, enlisted as a Union soldier in the One-hundred and Tenth Ohio Infantry, and was at once made Quartermaster of the Regiment, receiving his appointment from Gov. Todd. The regiment was assigned to the Army of the Potomac and op- crated in West Virginia with the Sixth Corps. At Winchester, January 12, 1863, Mr. Stark was captured by the rebels and experienced the horrors of Libby prison for a period of fifteen months.. During this time he was never ontside the walls, and bears the distinction of being abont the only man who I lived through such imprisonment for the same length of time. His two companions both died in the hospital and Mr. Stark was also there until paroled September 12, 1864, and exchanged. In January following, Mr: Stark returned to his regiment in front of Petersburg and later had the satisfaction of witnessing the surrender of Lee at Appomattox. His regiment was then sent to Danville, Va., in which region they sojourned thirty days, then went on to Richmond where they remained three days and from there marched to Washington and joined in the Grand Review. Mr. Stark was mustered out of the service at Columbus July 1, 1865; then returning home he at once engaged in business at the corner' of Second and Detroit Streets. Later he removed to the north side of West Second Street and was also on the south side of that street. In April, 1889, Mr. Stark removed to his present quarters. He is the oldest grocery man in the city, and is in the enjoyment of an exteusive and profitable patronage. Mr. Stark for a number of years has been President of the Building and Loan Association, and for twelve years was President of the School Board; he was likewise a member of the City Council for many years. For six years he was resident trustee of the Old Soldiers and Sailors Orphans' Home, receiving his first appointment from Gov. Hayes, the second from Gov. Bishop and the third from Gov. Foster. Although keeping himself posted upon the political issues of the day he has never allowed his interest in politics to affect his business relations. In the spring of 1889 he was elected Appraiser of real estate for the west half of the city. He belongs to the Masonic fraternity and the Grand Army of the Republic. He was a charter member of the Independent Order of Odd Fellows, of Xenia, and its first presiding officer. His' religious views :coincide with the doctrines of the Presbyterian Church, of which he has been for many years a member. Mr. Stark was married, February 19, 1851,in Middletown, Ohio, to Miss Mary Ward, of that place. Mrs. Stark was born May 2, 1832, and is the daughter of James H. Ward, one of the pioneer merchants of Middletown and who spent his last years in Nauvoo. The two sons of Mr. and Mrs. Stark—William and Walter C.—are residents of Xenia. JOHN M. HOFFA. Through Clark County and far beyond its limits the New Carlisle Sun and the Buckeye Farmer are well known, being found in many households and their columns being perused by thousands of readers. It affords pleasure to the biographical writer to incorporate in this volume a sketch of the genial editor and publisher of these sheets, who demonstrates the fact that editors, like poets, are born, not made. The qualities which make a successful journalist are inbred and .no amount of study can supply the lack of a keenness of observation, acute perception of the tastes of the public, and accurate judgement on matters treated in various departments of a newspaper. Beginning his editorial career with either money nor experience, Mr. Hoffa has made 234 - PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM. it a success; in fact every dollar which he has and that which he is, are the results of his own natural abilities and the use he has made of his talents, and his life should encourage other poor boys in a manful determination to he "somebody." Myerstown, Lebanon County; Pa., is the birthplace of him of whom we write and his natal day was December 9, 1854. His father, Levi Hoffa, native of the same county, died at-the early age of twenty-nine years, when his son John was but two years old. He was a tailor and carried on business in Myerstown for a number of years. He was, a member of the Lutheran Church and a son of Phillip and Elizabeth (Belcher) Hoffa who also lived and died in Lebanon County. The mother of our subject bore the maiden name of Susan Meily. She also is a native of Lebanon- County, Pa. She is still surviving being now about fifty-nine years of age. She is the mother of three children—Mary A., John M. and William G. The first is the wife of George Umberger, a tailor at Bismark, and the youngest son is a dealer in barber's supply at Harrisburg, Pa. The early life of the subject of this sketch was spent in his native place and his education obtained in the Palatinate College at that place. Early in life he began clerking and later was engaged in business for himself-a short time. The field of journalism attracted him and he abandoned his former occupation to start the Londonderry Weekly Gazette, at Palmyra, a sheet which he conducted a year. He then sold out, and removing to Larue, Ohio, bought the Larue News, running it two years before selling. His next enterprise was to buy the New Carlisle Sun, in 1883, which sheet he has since owned, managed and edited. In 1887 he started the Buckeye Farmer, which now has a circulation of over five thousand copies. The success which Mr. Hoffa has met with in his journalistic work has been merited by his close application to the details of' his business and his earnest efforts to make of his publications newsy and popular journal's. The columns are filled with interesting and instructive matter, adapted to the family circle, as well as to the man who desires to progress in the world and looks to the newspaper for information that wilt aid him in this effort. In the editorial department one finds pungent criticisms, suggestions and applications, and encouraging comment on all worthy enterprises. On the 17th of July, 1875, Mr. Hoffa led to the hymeneal altar Miss Ida J. Zimmerman, of Palmyra, Pa., a young lady- whose bright' mind, cultured manner and fine character had won his esteem, as they have the respect of many friends. She was born in Palmyra and is the daughter of Abraham and Maria (Henry) Zimmerman,' natives of the same place. Her happy union with our subject has been blessed by the birth of four interesting children—Mary J., Meily V., Harry L., and Abram Z. Mr. Hoffa is quite interested in the social orders, and has taken all the degrees of the Independent Order of Odd Fellows and the Patriotic Order of Sons of America,' and ten degrees in Masonry.- He is a member in good standing of the Lutheran Church. SAMUEL COOPER. Among the late solid residents of New Jasper Township, Greene County, Mr. Cooper usually was found at his headquarters, where he had two hundred and seventy-two acres of choice land which under his eareful management had „undergone a thorough course of cultivation and is now the source of a comfortable income. Without perhaps being the hero of any thrilling event,- Mr. Cooper had signalized himself as an honest man and a good citizen, voted the straight Republican ticket and was one of the pillars of the Methodist Episcopal Church. To this church his estimable wife and their children also belong. The family is highly respected in the community, being numbered among its most reliable elements. A native of Hardy County, now West Virginia, the subject of this notice was born April 29, 1829, and came with his parents to Greene County when a lad nine years of age. His father, John Cooper, rented a tract of land three miles east of the present site of Xenia and lived upon this five years. He then removed one mile further east, locating on the Janaston Pike and occupied himself as a tiller of the soil until his death. The mother PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM - 235 bore the maiden name of Sites. She passed away in 1850. Their family consisted of seven children. Samuel Cooper resided in Xenia and Jasper township since coming to Greene County, and occupied himself altogether with agricultural pursuits. He was married November 4, 1852, at the farm, ever since his home, to Miss Mary, daughter of the late George Fudge, who was likewise a pioneer settler of this county, locating in Jasper Township where he spent the remainder of his days. Mr. Fudge was born in Rockbridge County, Va., whence be removed first to Warren County, this and subsequently to Greene Connty. Mrs. Cooper was born in Warren County, January 15, 1830. To Mr. and Mrs. Cooper there have been born eight children, four of whom died young. The survivors are John M.; Sarah E., the wife of C. Whitmer ; Nancy E., Mrs. John R. Sutton ; and Clara L., the wife of Lewis B. Stingley. Our subject and his good wife commenced their wedded life on the farm where they have since lived and which was formerly the property of Mrs. Cooper's father. This fact increased its value to them and it is to be hoped that the old homestead will long remain in the possession of the family. The Coopers have formed no unimportant factor in the growth and development of the county and are fully worthy of representation in a work of this kind. Samuel Cooper died April 12, 1890, mourned by all who knew him. WARREN LEDBETTER. This substantial farmer and worthy citizen occupies one of the valuable farms of Greene County, it being situated two and a half mhes south of Xenia, in Xenia Township, and consists of one hundred broad acres. He was born in Allen County, Ky., January 28, 1822, and was brought by his parents to Greene County during his childhood. He was therefore reared and educated here, beginning work for himself when he had reached man's estate. On April 2, 1849, he was united in marriage with Miss Larter Adams, a native of Pennsylvania, but at the time of their marriage a resident of Greene County. She is a woman of estimable qualities, who has devoted herself untiringly to the comfort and welfare of her household and proved a true helpmate to her husband. For some five years Mr. Ledbetter lived on the Cincinnati Pike, but about 1853, removed to his present location where he had purchased fifty acres of land. To this he has added, making up the present acreage and placing it all in a state creditable alike to his energy, thrift, and good judgment. He and his wife have reared a family of seven children, named respectively: John S., Arabella, Joseph W., Catherine E., Emma V., Thomas H., and Ida E. Both parents are consistent members of the Methodist Church, and by their noighbors and fellow-citizens are esteemed as those should be who live upright and industrious lives. The parents of Mrs. Ledbetter were Thomas and Dorothea (Linkhart) Adams, both of whom were natives of the Old Dominion. After having lived in Pennsylvania, where Mr. Adams was occupied at his ti ade as a carpenter, they came to this State in 1833, and he then took up the vocation of farming. He reared five sons and four daughters. His father's name was David Adams. Warren Ledbetter is the youngest of nine children born to Hamlin and Disey (Wright) Ledbetter. His parents were natives of Brunswick County, Va., where they were married, removing to Allen County, Ky., about 1820, and in 1828 coming to this State and Greene County. They settled three miles southwest of Xenia and after residing there eight years sold and removed to another part of the township. The brothers and sisters of our subject bore the names of Stephen, Nancy, Elizabeth, Martha, James, John, Robinson and George. The parents belonged to the Methodist Episcopal Church and the father was a soldior in the War of 1812. The eldest son and child of the subject of this notice was born December 23, 1849, on his grandfather's old homestead three miles southwest of Xenia. He has lived on the same farm with his father or on an adjoining one all his life. On November 25, 1878, the rites of wedlock were celebrated between him and Mary E. Parlett, with whom he lived happily until March 20, 1889, when the devoted wife and mother was removed by the 236 - PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM. hand of death, leaving three children—Francie E., Carrie L., and Georgie A. She was born near Ridgeville, Warren County, March 16, 1850, and ,was a danghter of James and Rebecca Parlett, her father being a Farmer in her native county. John S. Ledbetter belongs to the Methodist Episcopal Church, of which his deceased wife was also a member. He possesses an upright character, an intelligent mind, and the energy and perseverance which leads to success in business life. JOHN. S. CLICK, a well-to-do and respected citizen of Springfield, within whose limits he owns a valuable and highly-improved tract of land, where he and his wife have established a pleasant home, comes of a worthy pioneer family who located in Clark County among its early settlers in the '30s, and identified themselves with its agricultural interests, assisting in developing the land from the primeval wilderness. Rockingham County, Va., is the birthplace of our subject, and June 28, 1831, the date thereof. His father, Samuel Click, was born, reared and married in that State, Mary Garber, also a native of the Old Dominion, becoming his wife. In 1838 they started Westward with their three children, having decided to build up a new home in the forest wilds of Ohio. They made the entire journey overland, taking their cooking utensils with them, and when they camped by the way cooked their food, and after traveling thirty-one days they arrived in Clark County. Mr. Click bought a tract of land in German Townshi p,of which a small part was cleared of the heavy timber that covered it, and in the dense forest that stood on the remainder, wild turkeys, deer and other game were plenty, and richly furnished the larder that in those pioneer times might otherwise occasionally have been scantily supplied with food. The family resided in that place some years, and during that time the father by hard and skilful labor cleared and cultivated quite a number of acres. He.finally disposed of the whole at a good price, and buying elsewhere in the same township, was a resident there until his death deprived. the community of an industrious and useful citizen. His wife also spent her last years on the home farm. They were the parents of eight children; seven of whom were reared to maturity. The son of whom we write was seven years old when he came to this county with his parents, but he still has a vivid remembrance of the long journey from his early home and of the incidents of their pioneer life here. There were no railways or cabals here for some years after their removal to this State, and .all transportation was with team over rough roads„ Settlements were scattered, and the country generally was in a. wild condition, and it has been our subject's privilege to witness the gradual upbuilding and to promote its prosperity in a measure. He lived with his parents until he had attained to manhood, and then started in life on his own account. He first visited Indiana and invested in a tract of wild land in Clay County. He never located on it, however, but returned to German Township, Clark County, where he engaged in farming until his marriage. That important event in his life took place 'in 1864, when Miss Sarah Hyer, a native of Greenfield, Ohio, joined hands with him in matrimony and became his active assistant in the upbuilding of a home. After his marriage Mr. Click resided in Mad River Township,' Clark County, one year, and then traded for property in this city and engaged in the grocery business the ensuing year. At the expiration of that time he bought the place where he now resides: Here he has twenty-three acres of finely-improved land, all included within the city limits, which has greatly increased in value with the growth of Springfield. Mr. and Mrs. Click's pleasant home circle is completed by the three children that have blessed their unionAustia,who is the wife of Beecher T. Black; Samuel and Mary, who are at home with their parents. Coming to this county when it was still in its primeval state, our subject has seen farm after farm hewn from the forest wilds, by the industrious and persevering labors of the hardy, intelligent pioneers who laid the foundations for the present prosperity and high standing of this. glorious Commonwealth. During the fifty and more .years PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM - 237 that he has lived here as a boy and man he has seen thriving villages and busy towns spring up where once the Indian chased the wild game through the forests and over the uncultivated prairies and the city of Springfield that he chose for his abiding place, has grown from an insignificant hamlet with but few inhabitants to a large and enterprising metropolis, with evidences of wealth and prosperity on every hand, and a population of nearly forty thousand people. Our subject has led an honorable, upright life that entitles him to the esteem in which he is held by all about him. By the exercise of those inherent traits of thrift, prudence and a capacity for intelligent labor, with which he is so well endowed, he has, as we have seen, placed himself far above want, and with his wife, to whose active co-operative labors he is greatly indebted, he is quietly passing his declining years in peace, plenty and comfort. He and his wife are working members of the German Baptist Church, and by the example of their daily lives show the reality of their religion. Politically, he is a Republican. ANDREW JACKSON CHRISTOPHER. Among those whose labors are ended, but who, by their worthy lives still claim remembrance, may be properly mentioned Mr. Christopher. an early resident of Jamestown, Greene County, and who departed this life at his home in that city, January 18, 1888. He was one of its best-known citizens, liberal and public-spirited and prominently connected with many enterprises tending to its growth and development. He was born June 4, 1826, in Fayette County, Pa., being one of a family of a nine children, four sons and five daughters, the offspring of Gideon and Sarah Christopher, who were natives of Pennsylvania. When Andrew J. was a lad of six years he was taken by his parents to Clinton County, this State, and a few years later to Greene County, where he spent the remainder of his life. When approaching manhood he served an apprenticeship at the carpenter's trade and followed this, more or less as long as he lived, with tho exception of ten years during which he was engaged in the mercantile business. He was a man remarkably conscientious in his dealings and was never known to engage in an enterprise which compromised his integrity or his manhood. Sober, frugal and industrious, the guiding rule of his life was to do unto others as he would be done by. These principles, coupled with firmness and decision of character, enabled him to withstand the many temptations which beset mankind and he was held in peculiar confidence and respect by all who knew him. He was from a young man, prominent in his community and was called to various positions of trust and responsibility, the duties of which he discharged with credit 'to himself and satisfaction to all concerned. When a youth of eighteen years Mr. Christopher made a public profession of religion and identified himself with the Christian Church at Jamestown, of which he ever afterward lived a faithfnl and consistent member. He was -a liberal contribntor to the support of the society and rendered substantial assistance in the erection of the church bnilding. A man of deeds rather than of words, he made it the rule of his life to make no promises which he could not fulfill. In 1865 he identified himself with the Masonic fraternity, of whose principles he was a warm admirer and with which he continued to the end of his days. The last illness of Mr. Christopher, during which he suffered six weeks with typhoid fever, vibrating between life and death, was borne with unexampled patience and resignation. It is true he was surrounded with every comfort which money could buy and which affection could procure and was watched over by his devoted wife and anxious children as well as the many friends who sadly missed him from their cheerful social circles. The best medical treatment, however, was without avail and his emaciated body yielded to the fell destroyer at last, when he was suffered to pass quietly away, finally without pain and as though falling asleep. His age was sixty-one years, seven months and fourteen days. The marriage of Andrew J. Christopher and Miss Eliza J. Johnson was celebrated at the bride's home in Silver Creek Township, Greene County, June 6, 238 - PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM. 1851. Mrs. Christopher was born near Jamestown, December 4, 1831, and was the daughter of John D. and Martha (Johnson) Johnson, who were natives respectively of Campbell County, Va. and Highland County, Ohio. The father was born April 19,1800, and the mother December 22,1808. In 1807 the parents of Mr. Johnson leaving Virginia, removed to Highland County, this State, and Mr. Johnson lived with them there until reaching manhood. He then located in Greene County, where he met and married his future wife. Mrs. Christopher was a ehild of three years, when, in 1811, her parents removed to Jamestown, where she was reared to womanhood. She was the daughter of James L. and Louisiana (Moorman) Johnson, who were among the earliest settlers of Greene County. They lived to be quite aged, being permitted to witness the development of the wilderness into the abode of a prosperous and intelligent people. They resided first in Silver Creek Township, when later they removed to Jefferson Township and there spent their last days. Mr. and Mrs. Johnson after their marriage settled on a farm east of Jamestown, and for many years labored early and late in the building up of a homestead. After the removal to the village of Jamestown, Mr. Johnson was for twenty-one years a Justice of the Peace. He died in August, 1862, at the age of sixty-two years. He was for many years an active member of the Christian Church and prominent in all good works. The wife and mother is yet living making her home with her daughter, Mrs. Christopher, and although over eighty-two years old, is still bright, active and intelligent. She also belongs to the Christian Church. To Mr. and Mrs. Johnson there was born a family of five children, of whom Mrs. Christopher was the eldest. She and her brother, Samuel T., are the only survivors. The latter was the youngest and is now a resident of Paulding County, Ohio, where he occupies himself as a general mechanic. Mrs. Christopher was reared and educated in Greene County and by her union with our subject became the mother of six children, all of whom are living. Cyrus T. married Miss Lucinda Thornburg, and in partnership with his brother, James, is engaged as a grain buyer in Jamestown ; Ella is the wife of Frank C. Pease, a railroad engineer and they make their home in Dayton; James above mentioned, married Miss Mary Tilden and they live in Jamestown ; Stephen A. Douglas, a railroad man, married Miss Ida Pence, and they make their home in Jamestown; Lilly is the wife of John Hamilton, a railroad agent and they reside in Jamestown; Andrew J. C. Jr., is agent and telegraph operator for the Dayton, Ft. Wayne & Chieago Railroad Company; he married Miss Sally Wymer and they live in Jamestown. Mrs. Christopher is a member in good standing of the Methodist Episcopal Church and greatly respected by all who know her. . SWAYNE BARRETT, a miller and farmer of Spring Valley Township, although yet in early manhood, has gained an onviable reputation among the early citizens of Greene County for industry, intelligence and successful business management. His farm comprises one hundred and twenty acres of fertile land, mostly under cultivation. Not only is Mr. Barrett snccessful as an agriculturist, but he is a practical miller, and has been engaged in that business since the age of twenty-one years, with the exception of six years passed in the grain and pork business and tilling the soil. The mill operated by Barrett's Sons is known far and wide for the quality of the flour it produces, as well as for the courteous treatment the customers are always sure of receiving from the proprietors. By his genial manners and honorable dealings with everyone, Mr. Barrett has gained for the mill a wide patronage, and is still further increasing its trade and its facilities for accommodating friends. A native of Spring Valley Township, Greene County, Mr. Barrett was born September 1, 1852. His parents were the Hon. Isaac M. and Rebecca (Swayne) Barrett. The former was a man of some prominence in political circles, and uniformly voted the Republican ticket. He was twice married, his first wife being the mother of our subject. PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM - 241 She was the daughter of Thomas and Eliza (Smith) Swayne, the former born in Philadelphia, whence be removed to the northern part of Ohio, and later came to Clarke County, the same State. His death occurred in Spring Valley in 1864 after a residence there of about five years. He had, however, lived in Clarke County about twenty years. His wife passed away in Springfield. Their daughter Rebecca was one of a family of five children, namely: Joshua, a prominent physician of Springfield; Thomas, of Los Angeles; Mary, Rebecca and one who died in infancy. Politically, Mr. Swayne was originally a Whig, but after the organization of the Republican party he joined its ranks, believing its principles to be more nearly correct than those of any other party. He was a brother of Chief Justice Noah Swayne, and by an upright life reflected credit upon the honorable name he bore. At the age of three years our snbject was deprived of a mother's care, but her place was to some extent filled by his grandparents, Mr. anti Mrs. Swayne, who took their orphaned grandson into their home. Later Isaac Barrett was again married, and took his son into his own home. There he was given still more extended facilities for knowledge, attending the schools of Spring Valley, Springfield and Antioch. Being of a practical and independent spirit, he early commenced to make his own way in the world, and has succeeded in accomplishing many of the hopes cherished in youth. He has the hope of many years of life yet before him, and these will be filled with .continued efforts in behalf of his family and his community. Mr. Barrett, when twenty-five years of age, wishing to establish home ties of his own, was united in marriage, December 25, 1877, with Miss Carrie, daughter of William and Martha L. (Young) Weller, of Centerville, Montgomery County, Ohio. William Weller followed the occupation of a farmer during almost the entire period. of his life, which covered three-score and four years. He died in 1882; his wife yet survives, making - her home in Spring Valley, Greene County. Relig- iously, both were members of the Baptist Church. Their family comprised one son, Samuel, and three daughters, Sallie, Mellie and Carrie, the latter being the wife of our subject. She was born September 15, 1855, in Centerville, Montgomery County, and received a good education in her native place and Springfield, Ohio. Her intelligence, refinement and winning ways have won 'her many friends in this community. She has borne Mr. Barrett three children—Mary Swayne, who died at the age of three years; Fred W., and Hazel C. The two survivors are bright children of ten and three years. Mr. Barrett, together with his wife, holds membership in the Society of Friends. REV. JAMES GILLESPY CARSON. A service of over twenty years in the Second United Presbyterian Church, of Xenia, has made this faithful minister well known to most of the people of this locality. He came to Xenia in November, 1869, as pastor of -his present charge, and during the years which have elapsed has, by his devotion to duty, been the means of greatly increasing the numbers and influence of the chnrch. Not only is he held in high esteem by his own immediate people, but by the community at large. In the fall of 1873 he was elected Professor of Homiletics and Pastoral. Theology, occupying the Chair for fifteen years, and until the spring.of 1888, when, finding his duties too many, he resigned his Professorship, and now simply gives his labors to his ordinary church work. The subject of this notice was born near Marysville, Blount County, Tenn., February 11, 1833, and is the son of Rev.. David and Jane Walker (Gillespy) Carson, who were natives respectively of Franklin County, Pa., and Blount County, Tenn. The .Rev. David Carson was, at an early age, graduated from Jefferson College, and then continued his studies under Dr. John M. Mason, of the Associate Reformed Chnrch, for three years. Subsequently he studied under Dr. Joseph Banks, of Philadelphia, and who was also of the Associate Church. He then assumed charge of a church near Marysville, where he remained nine years. Then, in 1833, he was selected Professor of the Associate Presbyterian Seminary, at Cannonsburg, Pa., and which was later removed to Xenia. The father of our subject came North in June, 242 - PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM. 1834, and died September 25, following, before entering upon tho duties of his professorship. The parental family consisted of three children : Dr. David Walker Carson, of Burgettstown, Pa. ; James Gillespy, of this notice; and Ellen J., who died in May, 1858, at the age of twenty-three years. The paternal grandfather, David Carson, emigrated from Ireland, it is believed, as early as 1775, and settled at Greencastle, Pa., where he followed his trade of a tailor. His wife bore the maiden name of Jane Oliver; she was a granddaughter of Rev. James Fisher, author of Fisher's Catechism, and the great-granddaughter of Ebenezer Erskine, ono of the founders of the United Presbyterian Church. Grandfather Carson reared several sons, the eldest being William, a merchant of Chillicothe, Ohio; Thomas, who was Speaker of the Pennsylvania Senate; and James 0., who rose to the dignity of Judge, and resided in Mercersburg, Pa. One daughter died unmarried. On the maternal side, Grandfather James Gillespy was born in Augusta County, Va., in 1772, and about 1780, removed with his parents to Tennessee, where he became a prominent farmer and politician, and served in the Tennessee General Assembly. His family consisted of four sons, who all became prominent men, and one daughter, Jane Walker, who became the mother of our subject. The maiden name of his wife was Elinor Cowan. Grandmother Gillespy had an aunt, Jenny Cowan, who was captured by the Shawnee Indians, in Tennessee, and conveyed by them to Old Chillicothe, now Oldtown, Greene County, where she was assisted to escape by an Indian chief, who sent her across Lake Erie on the ice to Detroit, whence she was taken to Pittsburg and from there down the river to Maysville, being returned to her home after an absence of seven years. Her husband was killed at the time of her capture, but she secured his scalp, which had been taken by the Indians, and carried it in her bosom. Subsequently she was again married, and captured a second time by the Cherokee Indians, with whom she remained two years, in Georgia. Then, her neighbors having captured some of the tribe, an exchange was made and her release secured. The subject of this sketch was reared in Cannonsburg, Pa., and completed his education in Jefferson College, being graduated with the degree of A. B., in the class of 1849.   Afterward he followed the profession of teaching for about three years, principally in Hookstown Academy, until the summer of 1852., when he entered the seminary of Cannonsburg, from which he was graduated in the spring of 1855, just prior to the removal of that institution to Xenia. Mr. Carson was married October 1, 1856, to Miss Mary Houston Clarkson, daughter of Rev. Thomas B. Clarkson, of Mercersburgh, Pa., and granddaughter of Rev. James Clarkson, of Gurnston, Pa. After marriage he settled in South Buffalo, Pa., where he remained from the fall of 1856 until the spring of 1867. Thence he removed to Cannonsburg, remaining until the fall of that year and then took up his residence in' Xenia. During the progress of the Civil War Mr. Carson was connected with the Christian Commission, stationed at Romney, Va. The following spring he went to Knoxville, Tenn. He is an able and eloquent, divine, a close student and an extensive reader, and brings to the duties of his calling a large experience and an extended observation of human kind and its needs. To him and hip estimable wife there have been born no children. Elsewhere in this volume may be found a lithographic portrait of Rev. Mr. Carson. JENIAH F. ST. JOHN. There is unquestionably a certain dignity attached to the man who maintains his residence upon the spot where he was born. Mr. St. John first opened his eyes to the light under the roof where he now resides, June 27, 1842. His parents were among the earliest settlers of Caesar's Creek Township, Greene County, they being Daniel W. and Eliza (Bone) St. John, the former of whom was born in 1805 near Lebanon, this State. The father of our subject was reared to manhood in his native township and after his marriage located in Caesar's Creek Township, this county, where he had secured one hundred and twelve PORTRADT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM - 243 acres of new land. He was more than ordinarily prosperous as a tiller of the soil and invested his capital in additional land, becoming owner of four other farms and his possessions finally aggregating five hundred and thirty acres. In the spring of 1864 he left the old farm and located on one hundred and sixty acres of land near the city of Xenia. He was a very enterprising and progressive spirited man and was among the first breeders of Shorthorn cattle in this section of country. He put up a brick residence in Cesar's Creek Township in 1841, one of the first structures of the kind in the township and which is now occupied by his son, our subject. Daniel W. St. John was a man of devoted piety, a prominent member of the Methodist Episcopal Church, filling many of its offices and officiating as Class-Leader for many years. At an early date he became a life member of the Missionary Association and was a liberal giver to all worthy objects. During the existence of the old Whig party he was one of its stanchest adherents but upon its abandonment he allied himself with the Republicans. He departed this life at the old home in Xenia Township in February, 1872. his father, John St. John, the paternal grandfather of our subjeet, was a native of Vermont, whence he emigrated to Warren County, Ohio, about 1800. Subsequently he served in the War of 1812. He was married and reared a large family of children and made for himself the record of an honest man and a good citizen. The St. John family is of French descent and was first represented in America probably during the Colonial days- The subject of this notice remained under the parental roof during the years of his early youth and manhood and until after time outbreak of the Civil War. He finally concluded that it was his duty to assist in the preservation of the Union and accordingly enlisted October 18, 1861, in Company A, Seventy-fourth Ohio Infantry. He first went with his regiment to Columbus, and participated in many important battles, being at Ft. Henry, Neal's Bend, Nashville, (November 2, 1862) Stone River, Hoover’s Leap, Tullahoma and Dry Gap, Ga. He was also at Chickamauga, Mission Ridge, Tunnell Hill. Dalton, Resaca, Dallas Gap, Pine Mountain, Peach Tree Creek, Chattahoochie, Atlanta, Jonesboro, Savannah, Bentonville, Goldsboro and Raleigh. Although experiencing many hairbreadth escapes he was never wounded or captured and never failed to report for duty. He enlisted as a private and was mustered out as Orderly Sergeant which rank he had held about four months. He had the satisfaction of witnessing and participating in the Grand Review at Washington and then going to Louisville, Ky., was given an honorable discharge, July 10, 1865. His first term of enlistment expired December 31, 1863, when he veteranized and re-entered the ranks. Upon leaving the army Mr. St. John returned to his old home and engaged in farming. In the spring of 1866 he took up his residence at the old homestead where he has since lived. He is now the owner of one hundred and three well-tilled acres and makes a specialty of cattle and swine. He has been an active Republican all his life. In the spring of 1887 he was elected Township Trustee and in the spring of 1890 was re-elected by an increased majority. Mr. St. John contracted matrimonial ties August 23, 1866, being wedded to Miss Mary E. Hook. This lady was born near Xenia, April 26, 1843, to Louis and Minerva (Lloyd) Hook, who were likewise natives of Xenia Township and the father a farmer by occupation. Charles Hook, an uncle of Mrs. St. John, is represented on another page in this work. Her mother was a daughter of John Lloyd who married Sophia O. Wright. They were both natives of Virginia and came to this county in their youth with their respective parents. Mr. Lloyd engaged in farming and became well-to-do. He was born in Dinwiddie County, Va., May 28, 1785. and died at his home south of the city of Xenia, April 23, 1872. his wife survived him a year. Grandfather Lloyd served in the War of 1812. He was the son of Rev. Lewis Lloyd, a member of the Methodist Episcopal Church who settled first in Sussex County, Va., and thence in 1805 came to the young State of Ohio, locating in this county. John Lloyd' was an active and devoted Christian and labored as he had opportunity to further the Master's cause. Mrs. St. John was the third in a family of two 244 - PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM. sons and three daughters, and by her union with our subject became the mother of nine children. These were named respectively, Clarence S., Lewis E., Walter C., Mary E., Amy E., Robert E., (deceased), James G., Julia, Maude and Clara L. Mr. and Mrs. St. John are leading members of the Methodist Episcopal Church. JOHN W. MANOR is a contractor and builder at Xenia, with shops located at No. 24, East Second Street, and having a comfortable and attractive home at No. 126. Having followed his trade of a carpenter and builder here for a number of years, during whieh time he worked on some of the prominent buildings of the city, he was known to be a master of his business, when he began contracting. He has therefore established a thorough reputation for the reliable workmanship and honorable fulfillment of contracts, and built up a good trade. Mr. Manor was born near Winchester, Frederick County, Va., August 24, 1824. His father, Ben jamin Manor, who was born in Buckley County, of the Old Dominion, married Catherine Marsh, and resided in Buckley and Frederick Counties until 1828. He then came to Greene County,driving all the way, bringing with him a family which at that time included eight sons and three daughters. Xenia then had a population of perhaps one thousand souls, and other parts of the county differed proportionately from their present condition. The parents located on Main Street, but on March 1, 1829, removed to a farm on the Dayton Pike; the place was supplied with a log house and a barn, and some clearing had been done upon it. It was unproved by its new owner, who made it his home during the remainder of his life, his death taking place in 1860, at the age of seventy years and ten months. His farm comprised two hundred acres, and had been placed in such a condition as to rank among the best in this part of the county. Mr. Manor was a man of prominence in the community in which he lived, For three years he was Director of the Infirmary. He belonged to the Whig party in his early life, and was one of the first to be classed as a Republican. He was a member of the Methodist Episcopal Church. His widow survived until May 14, 1874, when she closed her eyes to earthly things. They had reared a family of twelve children, eight of whom lived to mature years. The gentleman with whose name we introduce this sketch completed his education in Xenia, and in this place learned his trade, beginning work for himself upon reaching man's estate. He followed his trade until 1859, when he returned to his father's home and took charge of the farm. He remained there two years, and was then reappointed Superintendent of the Infirmary, a position that he held until the spring of 1869, his reappointment each succeeding year speaking well for his efficiency. He then came again to Xenia, and worked at his trade Until 1871, when he began contracting, since which time he has made that a specialty. In 1871 Mr. Manor was elected an Infirmary Director, and held that office three years. In 1884 he was again elected to the position, which he still holds, being now the oldest director on the board, of which he is the clerk. In 1855, he served as Township Assessor. He is a prominent member of the Republican party. having for two years been a member, and Chairman of the County Central Committee, and during the past year Chairman also of the Executive Committee. He is identified with the Independent Order of Odd Fellows, being a member both of the Subordinate Lodge and of the Encampment. He belongs to the Reformed Church, and is highly spoken of by the people among whom his lot is cast, his long residence having given them abundant opportunities to test his worth. On June 12, 1844, the interesting ceremony was performed that gave Mr. Manor a wife and Miss Margaret A. Scott a husband. The bride was born in Beaver Creek Township, this county, December 27, 1824, and grew to maturity in Xenia, where she obtained a good education and acquired those excellent principles and useful habits so needful to make a happy home and to properly rear a family. Her father, James A. Scott, a native of PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM - 245 Pennsylvania, settled in this county in 1814, returning the following fall to his native State for his marriage to Miss Elizabeth Shannon. He made his home in Beaver Creek Township until 1827, when he removed to Xenia, making that his hOme until his death. He and his faithful companion died in 1881, the husband breathing his last August 12, and the wife October 24. Mr. Scott served as Sheriff during two terms of eight years, was County Auditor two years, was Justice Of the Peace for some time; and was a Representative in the Legislature for two terms about 1840. For many years thereafter he was retained in the office of County Recorder, during a long period of years being prominent as an official. and a private citizen. A fine family of nine ehildren has been born to Mr. and Mrs. Manor, all still living in the enjoyment of good health, the youngest having now reached the age of twenty-four years. The family is somewhat scattered—David T., now .living at Hartford City, and.; William A., at New Albany, Ind.; Samuel H., at Xenia; Asbury L., in Hartford City, and Kate; who is the wife of Henry C. Bankard, in Xenia Township; Nettie, remaining with her parents; Benjamin L., making his home at Connorsville, lnd.; James S., in Chicago, Ill.; and John E., at Xenia, where he is station operator. JOSHUA M. JACKSON, a leading farmer in Xenia Township, Greene County, is tilling one hundred and forty acres of choice land, where he has a comfortable home and in a community whose people hold him in the highest repect. He was born November 17; 1829, in Cedarville Township, and is a son of Hon. Robert Jackson, a native of Eastern Ohio; the latter was born in 1798, and when reaching man's estate was married to Miss Minerva J. Eddy. The mother of our subject was a native of Warren County, Ohio, where she was reared and married. The parents of our subject, after their marriage settled at once in Cedarville Township, this county, where they lived until 18b8. Then selling out they changed their residence to Xenia, where they sojourned until 1870. Then they removed to a farm in Xenia Township, where the father died about 1878. The mother died in Yellow Springs village, in 1884. The household circle included twelve children, seven sons and five daugh. ters, five of whom died in infancy. Mr. Jackson was the fourth child of his parents, and was reared in Cedarville Township, Greene County, living there also about two years after his marriage. He then settled on the farm which he now owns and occupies. He was wedded at the bride's home, in Xenia Township, November 17, 1852,. to Miss Mary M., daughter of Alexander and Eleanor (Fitzgerald) Goudy, who were natives of Kentucky. Mr. and Mrs. Goudy were reared and married in their native State, whence they came to this county and settled in Xenia Township, where they spent the remainder of their days. Mr. Goudy .died in August, 1872, and his excellent wife in 1846. They were the parents of eight children, three sons and five danghters, of whom Mrs. Jackson was next tO the youngest. She was born July 9, 1834, and of her union with our subject there have been born five children, viz.: Robert A., Charles C., Joshua C., Joseph E. and Mary. Robert died when an interesting youth of sixteen years; Charles C., who possesses more than ordinary business ability and energy, started out at an early age on his own account and is now in the banking business at Osborn, holding a fine position among his fellow citizens, socially and financially; Joshua C. is farming in Xenia Township; Joseph E. is., in the mercantile business at Xenia. Mr. Jackson has held some of the school offices, and in politics is a sound Republican. Both he and his estimable wife are members, in good standing, of the United Presbyterian Church. During the Civil War, Mr. Jackson entered the- Union Army, enlisting in May, 1864, in Company F, One hundred and, Fifty-fourth Ohio Infantry, serving with the one hundred days' men. Notwithstanding he escaped some of the harder experiences of army life, he suffered exposure to such an extent that his health was greatly impaired. Hon. Robert Jackson, the father of our snbject, was one of the leading men of this cOunty. Prior 246 - PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM. to the war he was Brigadier-General of the Greene County Militia. He at one time represented the county in the State Legislature, and for nine years was one of the County Commissioners. he was looked upon as one of the most liberal and public-spirited men of his time. Alexander Goudy, the father of Mrs. Jackson, served as a soldier in the War of 1812. He furnished a fine example of honor and morality, was possessed of more than ordinary intelligence and a man looked up to in his community. Both the Jackson and Goudy families occupy no unimportant position in the history of the county. WILLIAM, MARQUART, M. D. a native of Clark County, now residing in Spring- field, has a high reputation not only as a skillful and eminently successful physician, but also as an able business man and financier. He may be accorded a place among the leading agriculturists of this part of Ohio, as among other valuable property he owns an entire section of land, and even more, which is improved and divided into well-appointed farms. Our subject is of French descent on the paternal side. His father, Peter Marquart, was born near Carlisle, Pa., a son of Philip Marquart, who was also a native of the Keystone State. His father was a native of France, and came to this country in Colonial times, and spent the remainder of his life in Pennsylvania. The grandfather of our subject was a carpenter, and plied his trade in his native State till 1800, and in that year moving to Virginia, carried on his calling in Botetourt County till about 1812, when he again made a move, and accompanied by his wife and seven children started on a tedious journey to the wilds of Ohio. His wife rode all the way in a two wheeled chaise, and a four horse team and a two horse team conveyed the other members of the family and the household goods to their destination. Mr. Marquart bought a tract of timber and wild prairie land in Greene Township, on the headwaters of Muddy Rnn, and made his home there until his demise in 1837. He was an industrious, active man, of good habits, and consequently prospered, but in an unfortunate hour he went security for some friends,. and lost all his property- His wife, a native of Pennsylvania, whose maiden name was Mary Lefler, spent her last days on the home farm in Greene Township. The father of our subject learned the carpenter's trade of his father, in Virginia, and after he came to this county with his parents, in company with his father, he erected the most of the fine buildings in the western part of the county: Two years after his marriage he bought a tract of land in Pike Township, and built a log house thereon, the same in which our subject was born. After that he was employed at his trade but little, devoting his time to clearing his land and improving a farm. At that time lumber was comparatively valueless, and he rolled many fine walnut logs into a heap and burned them. In the years of labor that followed his settlement he wrought a great change in his land, and at the time of his death had many acres eleared and under good cultivation, and had otherwise greatly increased the value of his homestead. The mother of our subject was a native of Clarke County, Bethel Township the place of her birth. Her maiden name was Margaret Minnich, and she was a daughter of Michael Minnich, a native of Virginia. His father was born in the province of Alsace, Germany, and coming to this country in Colonial times, settled in Virginia, and there passed the remainder of his life. The Doctor's maternal grandfather was reared in Virginia, and went from there to Ohio, in 1810, and settled in that part of Champaign County now included in Clarke County. He bought land on the banks of Mad River, in Bethel Township, improving a farm, whereon he lived till death claimed him. The maiden name of his wife was Leah Sinz. She was born in Virginia, was of German antecedents and spent her last years on the home farm in Bethel: The Doctor's mother died at her home in Pike Township. The following are the four children born of her marriage: Michael, Philip, William and Milton. Dr. Marquart received his early education in the pioneer schools of his native county, which were PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM - 247 conducted on the subscription plan. He was an apt scholar, and by close application to his books he became well-grounded in the ordinary studies of the day, and at the youthful age of sixteen commenced teaching. He carefully saved his money with a view of obtaining a higher education, and at the age of eighteen entered Wittenburg College. For two years he was a close student at that institution, and then turning his to attention the study of medicine, while teaching, he earned enough money to pay his way at the Cincinnati Medical College, where he pursued a fine course of study, and later entered the Cleveland Medical College, from which he was graduated with honors. He had a very tempting offer to enter upon his practice with an old physician in Muncie, Ind., but after consulting his friends he decided to extablish himself in the town of Northampton, in his native township, where he at once began a Successful career in his profession. He practiced there many years, and such was his repute for skill and an exceptionally good knowledge of medicine, that he was in great demand far and wide beyond the limits of that and adjoining townships. He always manifested a great interest in agriculture, and finally removed to his farm in Bethel, whose management he superintended, besides looking after his other two valuable farms. He subseneatly removed to Springfield, that his children might have the benefit of the city schools. He afterward returned to his homestead, and lived there till March, 1889, when he once more took up his residence in Springfield, and is still a citizen of that city. To the lady who presides over his attractive home Dr. Marquart was united in marriage in 1853. Mrs. Marquart's maiden name was Martha J. Layton. She is a devoted wife and mother, looking carefully after the interests of her house-hold, and she is a kind and true friend to all who come under her influence. Of her pleasant wedded life the following five children have been born: Oscar M., a successful physician, practicing his profession in Osborn, Greeno County ; Alice; Ella, the wife of George A. Beard, an attorney; William and Florence. A gentleman of broad eulture, a physician of high standing, a pnblic-spirited and progressive citizen, a true husband and indulgent fathor, a generous friend, considerate in his relations with others, Dr. Marquart's busy and useful career has 'more than fulfilled the promise of his youth, to make life a success, and his presence among us is an honorable addition to the citizenship of this, his adopted city. The Doctor is a member of the Clark County Medical Society, and belongs to Clark Lodge, No. 101, A. F. & A. M. ISAAC H. SMITH. The headquarters of Mr. Smith, who is located about four miles south of Xenia, comprises a well-developed farm one hundred and six acres in extent, which under his careful management is highly productive, yielding annually a handsome income. Like many of the successful men about him, Mr. Smith is a native of Greene County, and was born in Paintersville, September 7, 1851. He is thus still a young man, practically just commencing the sober duties of life, and with bright prospects for the future. He is the representative of an excellent family, being the son of Elijah E. and Susan (Probasco) Smith. Elijah Smith was born in Clinton County, this State, while his estimable wife was a native of Virginia. To the parents of our subject there was born a family of seven children, viz: Hannah W., Rebecca F.; Zadie B., deeeased; Lydia J., Dsaac H., Charles A., and Anna. The mother departed this life at the old homestead in March, 1884; Mr. Smith is still residing on his farm. The subject of this notice spent his boyhood and youth in the manner common to the sons of pioneer farmers, obtaining such education as was afforded by the district school. He was married December 23, 1875, when a youth of eighteen years, to Miss Sarah E., daughter of Joseph and Hannah (Ketteman) Saville, of Greene County. Of this union there have been born three children—L. Maude, Frederick B. S., and H. Mabel. Both Mr. and Mrs. Smith are members of the First Methodist Episcopal Church. The father of our subject was born in Union 248 - PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM. Township, Clinton County, this State, October 8, 1812, and came to this county in 1850. He was a life-long farmer by occupation, an honest, hardworking man, who enjoyed the respect of his neighbors, and who did a kindly act as he had opportunity. The paternal grandparents of our subject were Joseph and Lydia (Walker) Smith, natives of Frederick County, Va., where they were reared and married. They emigrated to Clinton County, this State, in 1805, and Grandfather Smith occupied himself as a miller, although in Virginia he had engaged in farming. In Ohio he secured two hun dred and fifty acres of land upon which he settled and spent the remainder of his life, passing away in 1832. To Grandfather Smith and his good wife, there was born a family of twelve children, eleven of whom lived to mature years, these being Mordecai, Samuel, Elizabeth, Polly, Mary, Rebecca, Edward, Lydia, Joseph, Henry, Elijah, and our subject. Mr. Smith retains as a valued relic the old cradle in which his uncles and aunts were rocked to sleep in their babyhood, and which has done good service for many other children since their time. OTHENIEL MOORE. This name represents one of the younger members of the agricultural community of Greene County, who is making for himself a good record, both in connection with his vocation and as a citizen. He is a native of this State, and was born November 4, 1849, at Mt. Holly, Warren County. His immediate progenitors were James and Anna (Cole) Moore, the former of whom was a native of New Jersey, and born near Mt. Holly, of that State. The father of our subject emigrated to Warren County, this State, when a young man, and settled at or near Waynesville, where he learned the trade of a blacksmith.- He was first married to Miss Anna Cole, an adopted daughter of James Gest, of Sugar Creek Township, Greene County. This union resulted in the birth of seven children. The eldest, John Henry, during the Civil War enlisted as a Union soldier in the Ninety-third Ohio Infantry, and died in the hospital at Nashville, Tenn., in 1864, from the effects of a wound received in battle; Frank, the second son, enlisted in the Second Ohio Infantry, first in the three months service and then re-enlisted for three years, serving until the close of the war; Peter also gave his services to his country, in an Indiana regiment, and served from the beginning until the close; James. Newton was in the Thirty-fourth Ohio Infantry for about eighteen months; he now resides near Barry, Pike County, Ill.; Hannah Elizabeth became the wife of Charles Rossell, and died at Lebanon, Ohio, in 1868; Otheniel, our subject, was the next in order of birth; Martha J. is the wife of Marion Justice, a farmer residing near Richmond, Ind.; Mrs. Anna (Cole) Moore departed this life at her home in Montgomery County, this State, in 1851. James Moore married for his second wife Mrs. Katie Benham, and there was born to them one SOD, George, now a resident of Richmond, Ind. Mr. Moore about 1850 removed to Centerville, Montgomery County, this State, thence to Lebanon, and from there to Richmond, Ind., where he settled on a farm and died in May, 1886, at the age of seventy-six years. Our subject after his mother's death lived among strangers, and received only limited advantages, working out by the month until his marriage. This important event occurred March 8, 1874, with Miss Laura Belle Wright. She was born March 29, 1854, in Sugar Creek Township, Greene County, and was the daughter of Charles W. and Elizabeth (Venyard) Wright, who were among the earliest pioneers of that township. This union resulted in the birth of six children, the eldest of whom, a daughter, Nettie Jane, died when about one year old; Charles A., Mary Elnora, Delcie M. and Effie May remain at home with their father; Orville N. died when one year old. Mrs. Laura Belle (Wright) Moore departed this life at her home in Spring Valley Township, September 27, 1888. Mr. Moore after his marriage located on a farm near Montgomery County,and in the spring of 1877 removed to, Clinton County. From there in 1882 he came to his present farm, this comprising one