HISTORY OF OHIO BY CHARLES B. GALBREATH Secretary of the Ohio State Archaeological and Historical Society. Former State Librarian and Secretary of Ohio Constitutional Convention (1912). ADVISORY COUNCIL MEMBERS JAMES E. CAMPBELL FRANK B. WILLIS C. T. MARSHALL SPENCER D. CARR ARTHUR E. MORGAN CHARLOTTE R. CONOVER HARRIET JUDSON HARMON MAURICE DONAHUE ATLEE POMERENE ELROY McKENDREE AVERY NEVIN O. WINTER BENJAMIN B. PUTNAM TAYLOR UPTON Historical and Biographical IN FIVE VOLUMES ILLUSTRATED VOLUME III THE AMERICAN HISTORICAL SOCIETY, INC. CHICAGO AND NEW YORK 1925 HISTORY OF OHIO HON. WILLIAM GRAVES SHARP. In the death of William Graves Sharp, November 17, 1922, Ohio lost one of her most distinguished sons. His home was at Elyria, and in Northern Ohio he had a high reputation as a successful lawyer and manufacturer. To the state and nation he was best known through his service to Congress and especially by the ability and rare tact with which he performed his duties as ambassador to Prance throughout the World war period. He was born at Mount Gilead, in Morrow County, Ohio, March 14, 1859, son of George and Mahala (Graves) Sharp. His father was born at Frederick, Maryland, and his mother at Mount Gilead, Ohio. The paternal grandparents were George W. and Caroline (Snider) Sharp, both natives of Maryland. The maternal grandparents were William and Effee Daily (Shaffer) Graves, the former a native of Saint Lawrence County, New York, and the latter of Ridgeville, Ohio. George W. Sharp was a prominent newspaper man in Maryland, establishing at Frederick, at the age of twenty, a democratic paper called the Republican Citizen (before the party of that name was founded). Fifteen years later he bought the Gazette at Delaware, Ohio, and subsequently established the Democratic Messenger at Mount Gilead, Ohio. George S. Sharp succeeded his father as manager of the Democratic Messenger. Mrs. Virginia Sharp Patterson, an aunt of the late William G. Sharp, was the first woman editor in Ohio, and for a number of years regularly contributed a column to the Democratic Messenger. George S. Sharp died when his son, William G., was an infant. The mother subsequently married Elbert Burrell,, and is now a widow and living at Elyria. Before they were five years of age William G. Sharp and his twin brother, George W. Sharp, accompanied their grandparents Graves to Elyria. They graduated from high school there and then entered the University of Michigan, where William graduated from the Law School in 1881. Long years later he was to return to his alma mater to receive the degree of Doctor of Laws, an honor which was also conferred upon him by Oberlin and other colleges. On taking the examination for admission to the bar in Ohio he stood second in the list of candidates. George W. Sharp also graduated in the law, and after successfully practicing that profession for a number of years, became actively engaged in manufacturing. He took a keen interest in politics and served in the State Senate of Michigan. The latter years of his life he spent as a scholar, traveler and author. He died at Elyria, January 16, 1919, at the age of fifty-nine. William G. Sharp began the practice of law at Elyria in 1882, and from 1885 to 1888 served as prosecuting attorney, being the only democrat ever chosen to that office in Lorain County. In his law practice Mr. Sharp gave most of his attention to industrial development and organization. In 1887 he became legal adviser to a southern manufacturing corporation. Subsequently he effected the organization of a number of large companies manufacturing pig iron and chemicals in Michigan, Wisconsin and Canada. He brought about in 1907 the consolidation; of a number of concerns into the Lake Superior Iron and Chemical Company of Detroit, which became the largest corporation in the world manufacturing charcoal pig iron. Mr. Sharp was a large stockholder in this company and had many other financial interests and real estate investments in Lorain County. It was a real tribute to his gifts as a public leader that Mr. Sharp achieved all his honors in politics in a county and district normally hostile to the aspirations of a democrat. At the beginning of his career as a lawyer he was elected prosecuting attorney against a large normal republican majority. Three times in succession the republican Fourteenth District returned him to Congress, and in the last election by a plurality of over 11,000, a significant illustration of the confidence reposed by the people in his character and ability. He was first elected to Congress in 1908, being reelected in 1910 and 1912. When he resigned his seat in Congress to become ambassador to France he was ranking member of the Foreign Affairs Committee of the House. As a member of that committee he had put forth some able efforts in behalf of international peace, and his influence was identified with many features of the constructive legislative program in the early years of the Wilson administration. In June, 1914, President Wilson appointed Mr. Sharp as ambassador to France. He resigned his seat in Congress to accept the appointment July 23, 1914. This was only a few days before the outbreak of the world conflict, and Mr. Sharp was the diplomatic representative of the American Government in France from December 2, 1914, untill April 14, 1919. He was the first American ambassador to become dean of the Diplomatic Corps at Paris. Probably since the time of Thomas Jefferson there has never been an American ambassador in Paris upon whom there .devolved duties of greater delicacy and more vital importance. Until the United States entered. the war he was in charge of the German, Austrian and Turkish interests in France. A large staff devoted its time under his supervision to the inspection of prison camps. He was enabled to do a great humanitarian work in alleviating hardships both of enemy prisoners in France and, reciprocally, allied prisoners in Germany. In March, 1916, the sinking of the Sussex resulted in the note from President Wilson which brought about the cessation of submarine activities. This note was based upon a report made by Mr. Sharp clearly establishing Germany 's liability in this action. After the entrance of the United States into the war, with the arrival of the American troops, the duties of Mr. Sharp multiplied. He worked to facilitate cooperation between our forces and those of the allies, and was frequently, turned to for advice and - 3 - 4 - HISTORY OF OHIO assistance by General Pershing and Admiral Benson. As an illustration of what a war-time embassy can be, it may be pointed out that when the armistice was signed the embassy's staff numbered upwards of two hundred as compared to a peace-time force of ten or fifteen. America during those days was looked upon as the disinterested friend of small countries, and their representatives in France constantly appealed to Mr. Sharp to bring their requests to the attention of his government. Mr. Sharp was one of the most versatile men intellectually who ever represented Ohio in the public affairs of the nation. He had the talents of his father and grandfather for literary work. Perhaps his greatest hobby was astronomy. He cultivated this study from early youth, and in later years enjoyed the friendship and association of some of the greatest astronomers in the world. He was elected a foundation member of the Astronomique de France in recognition of his studies in this science. It was his researches in astronomy that led him to take a great interest in aviation when the first attempts at flight were being made. He hoped that the conquest of the air would prove of great value in scientific research and soon became persuaded of the more practical commercial possibilities of aircraft. He was one of the first men to. advocate in the halls of Congress government appropriations for the development of aerial navigation. Not only did he foresee the essential weapon of modern warfare but he firmly believed in the practicability of the aerial mail when such an idea was scouted as a foolish dream. William Graves Sharp was a sterling representative of American business, politics and citizenship, was a man of cultivated taste and earned high distinction among the world's diplomats by the able manner in which he met the exigencies of his position. After he resigned as ambassador the French government conferred upon him the highest honor within its power, the Grand Cross of the Legion of Honor. He was also decorated by the Belgian government. He was a staunch supporter of the League of Nations, and upon his return to America he made speeches in its behalf. February 28, 1895, Mr. 'Sharp married Miss Hallie Maud Clough, who was born at North Amherst, Ohio. December 5, 1869, daughter of Henry Hale and Margaret Parmelia (Barney) Clough. Her father was born in Cleveland and her mother in Lorain County. Her paternal grandparents were Baxter and Hannah (Gerrish) Clough, New England people and settlers of Northern Ohio, where Baxter Clough opened the first sandstone quarries, and was also a ship builder. Her maternal grandparents were Daniel Alonzo and Lucy Ann (Campbell) Barney, Daniel A. being a son of Joseph Barney and Ann Sheperdson, his wife, who were pioneers of Lorain County. Mr. and Mrs. Sharp were the parents of five children: Margaret, George, William, Effee Graves and Baxter Sharp. Margaret attended a girls' school at Washington, D. C., also Oberlin College, and graduated from Miss Timlow's of Washington. The son George graduated from the Ecole des Sciences Politiques in Paris, France, taking first prize; graduated from the dolumbia Law School, where he was secretary of the Law Review, and is now practicing law with the firm of Sullivan and Cromwell at 49 Wall Street, New York. He was private secretary to his father while the latter was in France. The son, William Graves, Jr., is a graduate of the University of Michigan, where he was a Phi Beta Kappa. The daughter, Effee Graves, finished her education in Goucher College at Baltimore. Baxter Sharp, the youngest, attended Culver Military Academy in Indiana, Salisbury School in Connecticut and is now at the University of Michigan. Mrs. Sharp was educated in the public schools at Elyria, a woman's college at Elmira, New York, and the Art School at Cleveland. Her father was a glass manufacturer in Ohio and Indiana, was inventor of a friction brake and built the first two large steel vessels on the Great Lakes and was also a banker and a railroad builder. Mr. Sharp 's death came at Elyria shortly after his return from a few months spent in Europe. JOHN DAVEY. Lovers of trees all over America know and appreciate the discoveries and achievements of John Davey. "The father of Tree Surgery," whose home was at Kent, Portage County, Ohio. All his life he was a constant student and investigator of growing things. A landscape gardener, he became a specialist in the art of saving trees from destructive injuries, and this specialization brought him a fame accorded to comparatively few men of his' generation. He was born June 6, 1846, at Winkley House, Stawley, near Wellington, in Somerset, England. His parents were Samuel and Ann (Shopland) Davey, who spent all their lives in England, his mother dying in 1864 and his father in 1888. His grandparents were William and Mary Davey, and William and Mary Shopland. John Davey, one of a family of five children, had one brother, William, who came to America and located in the State of Washington. John Davey when thirteen years of age was employed as a shepherd. After reaching his twentieth year he attended a private school, and not until that time did he acquire a knowledge of reading. Continued study brought him a thorough acquaintance with the classics as well as all the technical subjects connected with the science of agriculture and horticulture. When he was eighteen years of age he was made general foreman of a 300-acre estate, overseeing all the other employes. At the age of twenty, impelled by his great love of flowers, he left the farm and spent six months in the Morgan Nursery at Torquay, near Devonshire, one of the famous garden centers of England. Following that came employment as a gardener, and finally he began the raising Of roses in his native parish at Stawley. John Davey came to the United States, arriving at New York April 14, 1873, and soon located at Warren, Ohio. For one year he worked as an assistant, laying out and improving an allotment for Harmon Austin, and for five years was with General Ratliff as a landscape gardener. He also did janitor service at a school in exchange for tuition. During that time he bought the Porter Greenhouse, operating it four years. John Davey moved to Kent in August, 1881, to take charge as landscape gardener of the Standing Rock Cemetery. It was during his management of this cemetery and a general practice as a landscape gardener that he made many experiments, by which he developed the principles underlying the science of tree surgery, of which he is regarded as the founder. For a number of years his work in this line and his fame were confined to a relatively small district of Ohio. It was through writing and lecturing that John Davey gave the benefit of his knowledge to the world at large. His first book, published in 1901, was "The Tree Doctor," illustrated with 176 photographs. Following that came a book for children, "Primer on Trees and Birds." His "New Era in Tree Growing" was written especially for the benefit of city growers, illustrated with eighty-six HISTORY OF OHIO - 5 photographs. Finally came a revised edition of "The Tree Doctor," with 213 illustrations. He put out other books, and these books are found practically in •every library on horticulture subjects. With the use of lantern slides he extended his educational work by the lecture platform, and frequently appeared on chautauqua circuits. In 1906 he founded the Davey School of Practical Forestry, the first school of its kind in the world for the practical teaching of tree surgery and sciences of botany and other fundamental subjects. This institution was incorporated in 1909 as, the Davey Institute of Tree Surgery, and since that time has been the training department of the Davey Tree Expert Company, also incorporated in 1909. Mr. Davey through the medium of the latter organization was able to reduce his life work to the status of a profession of great exactness, in which hundreds of young men have been trained for a conspicuous service to the trees of America. He was able to multiply manifold the efforts which he could have attained with his own hands, and to pass on to later generations the knowledge he had personally acquired. John Davey was a republican in politics, and he and his family were members of the Disciples Church. On September 21, 1879, he married Miss Bertha Alta Reeves. She was born at the old Reeves homestead north of Warren in Trumbull County, May 10, 1859, daughter of John and Isabell (Swager) Reeves and granddaughter of John and Hannah (Dailey) Reeves. John Reeves was born in New Jersey, March 11, 1796, and his wife, in Pennsylvania, January 9, 1796.. John Harmon Reeves was widely known in the •old Western Reserve as a minister of the Disciples Church. The children born to Mr. and Mrs. John Davey were: Belle R., who married Harmon L. Carson, of Kent; Wellington E., who has been associated with his father's business and is a resident of Benton Harbor, Michigan, and married Agnes Atkins; Martin L., who married Miss Bernice Chrisman, and is president and general manager of the Davey Tree Expert Company, and a member of Congress from the Fourteenth Ohio District; James A. G. who has charge of the New York office of the firm and resides at Sound Beach, Connecticut; Ira R., who was born in 1892 and died in 1902; Paul Harmon, of Kent; and Rosella M., who was born in 1899 and died in 1900. At his beautiful home in Kent, known as "Bird-mount," John Davey passed, away November 8, 1923. The achievements of his life well deserved the remarkable recognition given him when the press of practically the entire nation commented upon his death as that of a national figure. Fully five hundred different papers paid editorial tribute. Some of these expressions tell more of the life and character of the man than formal statements of his biography. The New York World said: "If monuments were proportioned to the resert of those they commemorate, that of John Davey, father of tree surgery, would tower above that of many a statesman." The comment of the New York Mail was: "When John Davey died some days ago, comparatively few persons had heard his name. Yet, in the great cities, at any rate, there are few who do not owe something to his life work. For it was John Davey who discovered and perfected those methods of tree surgery that have done so much for city parks. Whenever you see a tree saved by an operation, the credit ultimately 'goes back to John Davey." "John Davey," in the words of the Akron Beacon Journal, "was in the largest and broadest sense a citizen of the world. Wherever there were birds and flowers, trees and brooks, children and kindly human hearts, this gentle soul found himself at home and did his best to prove himself to all of them." "It was John Davey," said the New York Telegram, "who introduced tree culture and tree surgery in the United States. When in the parks or groves of the great cities one sees earnest looking young men carefully amputating branches and limbs from the trees, applying emollient waxes and unguents to the wounds they inflict, carefully rebuilding with cement the portions of the trunks and extremities which have been broken by the winds or sullied by tree diseases, one is seeing in action the art which John Davey imported. From this gentle old tree doctor who has just passed away, the art has been handed down to Representative Martin Davey of Ohio, his son, whose activities in behalf of better forests, better parks and healthier city trees have been the most valuable accomplishments of his public life." There may be added the tribute found in the Akron Evening Times : "In the shadows of trees planted forty years ago by his own hands, all that is mortal of John Davey, the lover of trees, will be laid to rest this afternoon. A spot beautified by living hands will be hallowed by tender memories of the dead. A long and useful life has come to an end. The glowing spirit that inhabited the body of John Davey has fled. It is fitting that the mind did not relax nor the body give way until his last work was finished. His work done, he lay down to rest. He knew hardship. He knew unremitting toil. He knew misfortune. But defeat he never knew. That the world did not grant material success until he reached old age meant nothing to John Davey. Great faith was his. He had a vision denied other men. In that only was he interested. He knew that the tree is a living thing, and he gave the world a new science, tree surgery. His work made practical by the business genius of a son, he delved again into research. He had a passion for thoroughness and beauty. He grew beautiful flowers, produced the finest seeds and sent them to his friends that the best varieties might be cultivated. He wrote books about trees. He lectured about trees. He planted trees, and the accumulated knowledge of a lifetime he put on paper as his last great work a book that should stand as a monument to his life. If 'He that planteth a tree is the servant of God,' what a favor John Davey must have on high." THADDEUS A. MINSHALL, who for sixteen years was a judge of the Supreme Court of Ohio, was one of the most distinguished sons of Ross County. As soldier lawyer and jurist he conferred distinction upon his native state. He was born in Colerain Township, Ross County, January 19, 1834. The Minshall family came from England, the ancestor being one of the Quaker followers of William Penn. Ellis Minshall, grandfather of Judge Minshall, was a soldier in the War of 1812. He came to Ohio from Virginia about 1800. William Gilmore Minshall, father of Judge Minshall, was a farmer, and spent all his life in Colerain Township. He married Eliza Jones, who died in 1844. Thaddeus A. Minshall was ten years old when his mother died, and as a youth he was thrown on his own resources. He studied at night while a boy, worked in a woolen mill, and subsequently paid the expenses Of his advanced education in Kingston Academy. He taught school, read law, and in April, 1861, was admitted to the Ohio bar. Almost immediately he enlisted as a private in 6 - HISTORY OF OHIO Company C of the Twenty-second Ohio Infantry for three months, and was discharged with the rank of sergeant major. On his return he raised Company H of the Thirty-third Ohio Volunteer Infantry, and in October, 1861, was elected captain. He commanded his company through three years of the war, and was in many of the great battles fought in Kentucky and Tennessee, and was in the Atlanta campaign until the close of the siege. On the expiration of his three-year term in October, 1864, he returned home, and the same month, while in the army, was elected prosecuting attorney for Ross County. He served one term and then engaged in private practice, in which he was very successful. In 1876 he was elected judge of the Court of Common Pleas to fill a vacancy, and in 1878 was reelected and again in 1883. In 1885 he was honored with election as a judge of the Supreme Court, and was reelected in 1890, and again in 1896. For sixteen years he was on the Supreme bench, part of the time as chief justice. On leaving the bench in 1902 he resumed his practice at Chillicothe, but soon gave it up on account of ill health. He died November 22, 1908. April 9, 1873, he married Julia Ewing Pearson, who was born at Chillicothe, February 20, 1848, and died September 30, 1903. Her father, Addison Pearson, came from Virginia to Ohio and served as treasurer of Ross County, and was grand master of the Grand Lodge of Ohio Odd Fellows. The mother of Mrs. Minshall was Rosanna Ewing, a native of Ross County. Judge and Mrs. Minshall had three sons: Addison Pearson, William Edwin and Thaddeus Ellis. The position he so long occupied as a member of the Supreme Court was the one best suited to the character of Judge Minshall's mind. His published opinions while judge or chief justice are found in volumes forty-four to sixty-five, both inclusive. Many of these opinions in important cases exhibit great legal learning, logical reasoning and remarkable powers of keen and discriminating judgment. The ripest fruit of his learning and wisdom are recorded among the decisions of the Supreme Court of Ohio. ADDISON P. MINSHALL chose the profession upon which his father, Thaddeus A. Minshall, conferred such distinction, and for over a quarter of a century has been one of the active members of the Chillicothe bar. The service of his father as a lawyer and Ohio jurist is described elsewhere in this publication. Addison P. Minshall was born at Chillicothe, April 26, 1874. He was educated in the public schools of his native city, and spent three years in the Ohio State University at Columbus, two years in the preparatory department and one year in the regular collegiate department. He read law and in 618 94 entered the Cincinnati College of Law, graduated Bachelor of Law in 1896 and was president of his class. He then returned to Chillicothe and engaged in private practice, and when his father retired from the bench in 1902, became junior member of the firm Minshall & Minshall. When his father gave up practice in 1904 Mr. Minshall was associated with Hon. H. C. Claypool until the latter was elected to Congress. The congressman's son then became his partner, and they were together until Mr. Claypool was elected to the bench of the Probate Court. Since February, 1921, Mr. Minshall has practiced with Mr. John P. Phillips, Jr. From 1905 to 1915 Mr. Minshall served as United States Commissioner, and in January, 1915, began his duties as prosecuting attorney. He served two terms, and during the World war he also performed the duties of Government Appeal Agent. In that capacity he handled a great volume of work at Camp Sherman. In the fall of 1921 Mr. Minshall was elected mayor of the City of Chillicothe, and that is his present official position. He is also secretary and treasurer of The Scioto Realty and Development Company and is a director in the Ross County National Bank, of which his grandfather, Addison Pearson, was president at the time of his death. On April 30, 1901, at Portsmouth, Mr. Minshall married Miss Edith Doty, daughter of Theodore and Martha (Weaver) Doty. Theodore Doty was born in Ross County, at one time was the Baltimore and Ohio agent at Chillicothe, and for many years was conspicuously identified with business and civic affairs at Portsmouth. Some of the other important facts in the Doty family history are given on other pages. Mrs. Minshall's mother died in 1922. Mr. and Mrs. Minshall have one child, Julia Martha. Mr. Minshall is treasurer of St. Paul's Episcopal Church of Chillicothe. He is affiliated with Scioto Lodge No. 6, Free and Accepted Masons, of which he is a past master, the same office that his grandfather Pearson held many years ago, and is also a member of Chillicothe Chapter No. 4, Royal Arch Masons, and Chillicothe Council No. 4, Royal and Select Masters. He is a past exalted ruler of Chillicothe Lodge No. 52, Benevolent and Protective Order of Elks, and is a member of the Independent Order of Odd Fellows, the Rotary Club, the Country Club, and the Chamber of Commerce. HARRY HAMILTON SNIVELY, M. D., of Columbus, shares in the brilliant record made by Ohio men in the World war by reason of his service as director of field hospitals with the Thirty-seventh Division, and in the early part of the war, as director of the American Red Cross in Russia, and after the armistice in Poland. He is former director of public health of the State of Ohio. He was born at Brownsville, in Licking County, in 1868, was reared in a rural locality, attended common schools in Licking and Perry counties, and taught in district schools of both those counties. He attended the preparatory school of Ohio State University, and graduated in the art course at the State University in 1895. He studied medicine in Rush Medical College and the College of Physicians and Surgeons at Chicago, and was graduated Doctor of Medicine from the Ohio Medical University in 1902, and received the degree of Master of Arts for postgraduate work at the Ohio. State University in 1903. His teaching experience also included work in high schools at Columbus, in the Ohio State University, in the Ohio Medical University and in Starling, Ohio, Medical College, being for about ten years professor of obstetrics. Doctor Snively has been engaged in medical practice at Columbus since 1902, except for the period of his service in the World war and as director of health. His military experiences began as cadet officer at the Ohio State University, and he was subsequently captain and adjutant of a National Guard infantry regiment, and as medical officer in the Ohio National Guard he held rank ranging through all the grades from lieutenant- to colonel, covering the period since 1903 except during the World war. In 1915 he went to Russia as director-in-chief of the American Red Cross, commanding a military hospital of 600 beds at Kiev, Russia, and later in the army of Grand Duke Nicholai Nicholaivich, conducted an evacuation hospital at Khoi, Persia. Returning in 1916, in the summer of that year he went to the Mexican border as major of the Second Ohio Field Hospital, being on the border during the winter of 1916-17. In 1917 the same organization was called to service with the Ohio National Guard at HISTORY OF OHIO - 7 Camp Sheridan, Montgomery, Alabama, and became a unit in the sanitary train with the Thirty-seventh Division, American Expeditionary Forces in France and Belgium, where Doctor Snively was director of the field hospitals and sanitary inspector and port supervisor of bathing and delousing at Bordeaux during 1918-19. During 1919-20 Doctor Snively was in Poland in the pay of the American Red Cross, assigned to the Polish Red Cross and Polish Army, and was associated with Col. H. L. Gilchrist in the Polish Typhus Relief Expedition in 1919. He was with the Polish Army in the capture of Kiev and the evacuation of Kiev, Vilna and Bialystock. In the latter part of September, 1920, after an absence of more than two years, Colonel Snively returned to the United States, having been for practically five years on military duty. He was awarded the Belgium war cross for bravery in action, the Polish cross for the valiant, the Polish commemorative cross, the Polish Red Cross decorations, and recommended for a distinguished service medal by Col. H. L. Gilchrist. During 1920-21 Doctor Snively served as state surgeon, Ohio National Guard, and since 1921 has been colonel commanding the One Hundred and Twelfth Medical Regiment. On July 1, 1921, Governor Davis called him to the office of director of public health of the State of Ohio, and he served until the end of that administration. His public health service also included duties as assistant to the minister of health of Poland. Doctor Snively is a member of the Kappa Sigma, the Alpha Mu Pi Omega medical fraternity, is a Phi Beta Kappa, a member of the local and state medical societies, the American Medical Association, Association of Military Surgeons of the United States, Fellow of the American Public Health Association, and is a Knight Templar, a Thirty-second degree Scottish Rite Mason and a Shriner. MAJOR THAD H. BROWN, secretary of state of Ohio, and former chairman of the Ohio State Civil Service Commission, has, as these offices indicate, made an unusual record in public affairs, having at the age of thirty-five achieved one of the highest honors in the gift of the people of this state. He was born on a farm in Lincoln Township, Morrow County, January 10, 1887, son of William H. and Ella D. (Monroe) Brown, His father is a well known and respected farmer of Morrow County. Thad Brown grew up on the farm, and had an early training to responsibility and industry by doing the "farm chores" before and after attending the country school sessions. From the common schools he entered. Ohio Wesleyan University at Delaware, where he was graduated in 1909 and for two and one-half years following was a student in the law department of Ohio State University. He was admitted to the bar at Columbus in June, 1912. Except for the nineteen months of his active military service during the World war he has practiced law at Columbus since his admission. Major Brown was popular in student circles in both universities which he attended. He was made a member of the legal honorary society at the State University. He cast his first vote for president for William H. Taft in 1908, and was president of the Republican Club at Ohio Wesleyan that year. He was president of the Republican Club of the Ohio State University in 1910. While attending law school and during the sessions of 1909-10, he acted as journal clerk of the House of Representatives in the Seventy-eighth General Assembly. During the Fourth Ohio Constitutional Convention in 1912 he served as assistant secretary, the secretary of the convention being Mr. C. B. Galbreath. In 1916 he was connected with the Chicago headquarters of the Republican National Committee, and had charge of all the college organization work from Pennsylvania to the Pacific. While attending Ohio Wesleyan he enlisted as a private in Company K of the old Fourth Ohio National Guard. On April 3, 1917, a few days before America entered the war against Germany, he volunteered his service to the. government, was sent to Jeffersonville, Indiana, for examination, and was immediately commissioned captain. July 13, 1917, he was assigned to duty at Fort Sam Houston, Texas, with Headquarters Troops, and was put in command of a motor truck company. Major Brown saw fifteen months of service in Texas and four and one-half months at Camp Jackson at Columbia, South Carolina. Shortly before the armistice was signed he was promoted to the rank of major. He was given his honorable discharge in the spring of 1919. Major Brown became a member of the Ohio State Civil Service Commission February 1, 1920, and soon afterward was made chairman. These in brief were the facts of record that made his candidacy appeal so strongly to the people of Ohio when he was on the republican state ticket as nominee for secretary of state in 1922. He had enjoyed a successful career of ten years in his profession at Columbus, had won friends, had served the public, and had demonstrated his ability and purpose as a capable public servant. He represented the younger element in polities, was very popular with ex-service men and had also given an unequivocal pledge for an efficient and economical administration of the office of secretary of state, one which is entrusted with the collection of millions of dollars of state funds and the administration of many departments and bureaus. At the election of November, 1922, Major Brown had a majority over his democratic opponent of 135,156. He received the second highest majority on the republican state ticket. At the same election Victor Donahey, democrat, was elected governor by over 18,000 majority. Major Brown is a member of the Phi Kappa Psi and Phi Delta Phi college fraternities, the Buckeye Republican Club, Columbus Athletic Club, Columbus Real Estate Board, Young Business Men's Club, is past commander of Franklin Post No. 1 of the American Legion, and was, for one year, 1921, chairman of the Americanism Committee of the American Legion Department of Ohio. He is at present lieutenant colonel of Officers Reserve Corps of the United States of America. He is a Scottish Rite Mason and Shriner and a member of the Presbyterian Church. Major Brown married Miss Marie Thrailkill, and they have a son, Thad. H. Jr., born in 1916. Mrs. Brown has been prominent among the republican women of Ohio, is active in church and philanthropic organizations, and is an alumna of Ohio State University and Western College for Women. EDWARD RANDOLPH MEYER. In the scope and importance of business interests represented few Ohio attorneys have achieved a more successful position than Edward Randolph Meyer of Zanesville. He has been a member of the Zanesville bar for nearly thirty years. While he has probably never held an elective office, his career has been in many respects closely identified with public affairs. Zanesville is his native city, and he was born there July 2, 1873. His mother, Caroline Miller, was born in Wayne Township of Muskingum County, and died at the age of forty-nine .on November 30, 1901. His father, Henry Moses Meyer, was born at Wuerth, in Alsace Lorraine, in 1835, and died in 1913. The grandfather of the Zanesville attorney was Simon 8 - HISTORY OF OHIO Meyer, a wholesale cattle dealer in Alsace Lorraine. Henry Moses Meyer as a boy of seventeen came to this country, in 1852. He was on a sailing vessel that was seventy-two days in making the voyage to New Orleans. An old river steamboat on which he was a passenger up North took fire, and he was one of the two survivors. For several years he worked as a deck hand on river boats on the Mississippi, and in 1856 located at Zanesville, where he became a merchant tailor, and was in business many years, until he retired in 1895. He was an active member of the Trinity Methodist Episcopal Church, the Independent Order of Odd Fellows, and was identified with civic movements. Second in a family of seven children, Edward Randolph Meyer is a graduate of the Zanesville High School, and began his law studies with F. A. Durban at Zanesville. He was graduated Bachelor of Laws from the Cincinnati Law College May 1, 1894, a short time before attaining his majority. He remained in Cincinnati, where he acquired his first active experience as a lawyer, and on February 1, 1895, began his successful career at Zanesville. He is now senior member of Meyer and Crossan, attorneys, who represent a long list of corporation and business enterprises. Mr. Meyer 's standing as a corporation attorney is indicated by the following connections: General counsel, Southeastern Ohio Railway Company ; counsel, Baltimore and Ohio Railway; solicitor, Pennsylvania Railway, Twenty-fourth District; solicitor, The Ohio River & Western Railway Company; attorney, New York Central Lines, Zanesville and Western Division; general counsel, Columbus, Newark and Zanesville Railway Company, electric; solicitor, Zanesville Terminal Railroad Company; counsel, American Rolling Mills Company, Zanesville Division; general counsel, Kearns, Gorsuch Bottle Company, counsel and director of C. Findeiss & Sons Company, Zanesville Provision Company; vice president and one of the organizers of the Zanesville Housing Company ; and one of the organizers and president of the Zanesville Provident Company. Several of these corporations it will be noted are heavily invested with public interests. He is a director of many other corporations, and is attorney for the First National Bank of Zanesville and for the Automobile Legal Association. Mr. Meyer from 1904 was United States commissioner, and from 1911 to 1923 served as Federal referee in bankruptcy. He was one of the organizers of the Muskingum County Law Library Association, of which he is a trustee, and is president of the Muskingum County Bar Association. He is a member of the Ohio and American Bar associations. He served many years as a director of the Chamber of Commerce, is a member of the Rotary Club, Zanesville, the Golf Club, the Zane Club, was one of the original directors of the Zanesville Boy Scouts, and is a member of the Board of Trustees of Bethesda Hospital at Zanesville. He was chairman of the Fifteenth District Sanitary Commission, and during the World war was a member of the Legal Advisory Board and a speaker in every campaign and drive. A republican in politics, he has a state-wide reputation as a campaign speaker, but has been fully satisfied with this active interest in the party, never aspiring to hold office himself. Fraternally he is a member of Amity Lodge No. 5, Free and Accepted Masons, Zanesville Chapter No. 9, Royal Arch Masons, Zanesville Council No. 12, Royal and Select Masters, Cyrene Commandery No. 10, Knights Templar, the Scioto Consistory of the Scottish Rite Masons at Columbus, and Amrou Grotto. He is also affiliated with Muskingum Lodge of Odd Fellows, and Zanesville Lodge No. 114, Benevolent and Protective Order of Elks, and is a member of the Columbus Athletic Club, and the Ohio Society of New York. Mr. Meyer 's hobby is machinists' tools, and he has a wonderful private collection of wrenches and tools used in all branches of mechanical industry. At Mansfield, Ohio, January 1, 1895, Mr. Meyer married Miss Anna L. Super. She was born at Loudonville and was reared in Mansfield, a daughter of Charles A. and Nannie Super. Her father was a native of Mansfield and her mother of Pennsylvania. Her father served as a Union soldier in the Third Ohio Volunteer Cavalry, and Was a building contractor. Mrs. Meyer since coming to Zanesville has been prominent in woman's clubs and social movements, and the Central Presbyterian Church. She devoted most of her time to war work. THE OHIO WESLEYAN FEMALE COLLEGE was first started in 1850 by the Rev. William Grissell and wife, and known as a ladies' school. Two years later it developed into The Delaware Female College and finally The Ohio Wesleyan Female College in April, 1853, of which Prof. Oran Faville was the first president. Among the incorporators were Dr. Ralph Hills, Prof. William L. Harris, James C. Evans, Augustus A. Welch, Rev. Joseph Ayers and Prof. William G. Williams. The enrollment the first year was 159 and never in the years following exceeded 300. It was incorporated with the Ohio Wesleyan University in 1877. JOHN WASHINGTON HOFFMAN, LL. D., president of Ohio Wesleyan University, has been the administrative .head of this great school for seven years. Doctor Hoffman is a noted scholar and school man, and before coming to Ohio Wesleyan also distinguished himself as a constructive leader in the Methodist ministry: He was born at Noblestown, Pennsylvania, July 11, 1867, son of George Washington and Elizabeth (Haggarty) Hoffman. The Hoffman family came from Saxony, six brothers arriving in the United States about 1800. Four of them settled in New York or the New England States, and one went to Ohio, while Doctor Hoffman's ancestor located in Pennsylvania. His grandfather was Washington George Hoffman. His maternal grandfather was John Haggerty, of North of Ireland stock. George W. Hoffman, the father of John W. Hoffman, is a native of Pennsylvania, and for many years was an active merchant at Noblestown, where he still resides. He has been a man of important influence in that locality, though never prominent in politics. For many years he was superintendent of the Sunday school and a trustee and steward of the Methodist Episcopal Church of Noblestown. He has been an active member of the Masonic Order since 1866. The mother of Doctor Hoffman is now deceased. John W. Hoffman grew up in Noblestown, attended public schools there, and the academy at Oakdale, Pennsylvania. From 1888 to 1892 he was a student in Washington and Jefferson College, graduating in June, 1892, with the degree of Bachelor of of Arts. He pursued post graduate work in Yale University during 1892-93, and at Princeton University from 1893 to 1895. Washington and Jefferson College awarded him the Master of Arts degree in 1895, granted him the degree of Doctor of Divinity in 1910, and in 1917 conferred on him the honorary Doctor of Laws degree. Doctor Hoffman was ordained a minister of the Methodist Episcopal Church in 1897, and his first pastorate was at New Cumberland, West Virginia. During 1898-99 he was pastor of a church at Sheridan, Pennsylvania, and from 1900 to 1906 was pastor of a Pittsburgh church, the California Avenue Methodist Episcopal HISTORY OF OHIO - 9 Church. Following this he was pastor of a church at Craton, Pennsylvania, from 1906 to 1913, and from 1913 to 1916 was pastor of the First Methodist Episcopal Church of Duluth, Minnesota. From his post in the Northwest he was called to his present duties as president of Ohio Wesleyan University in 1916. Doctor Hoffman is not only a scholar but a man of most engaging personality, deeply interested in education, all matters tend- ing to influence and form the character of young people, and has been especially popular with the student body at Delaware. He is a Phi Beta Kappa, a member of Alpha Chapter of the Phi Gamma Delta Fraternity at Washington and Jefferson, and is a Royal Arch and Knight Templar and thirty-second degree Scottish Rite Mason. In politics he is an independent republican. June 20, 1900, at Cumberland, West Virginia, Doctor Hoffman married Miss Anna W. Pugh, daughter of Peter A. and Aura E. (Campbell) Pugh. Her mother is a native of Pennsylvania and is still living. Her father, who died in June, 1913, was born in West Virginia, was a farmer and a member of the Presbyterian Church. The two children of Doctor and Mrs. Hoffman are : Aura Elizabeth, born in 1903, now a student in Ohio Wesleyan University, and John Pugh, born in 1905, attending the Junior High School at Delaware. SAMUEL MEDARY was one of Ohio's historic characters, who wielded great influence in politics and public affairs, in ante-bellum days, and served as territorial governor of both Minnesota and Kansas. Samuel Medary was born in Montgomery County, Pennsylvania, February 25, 1801, and died in Columbus, Ohio, November 7, 1864, in the sixty-fourth year of his age. As the name was originally written Madeira, and is yet pronounced as if so written. His mother 's ancestors came to America with William Penn, and he was brought up in the Quaker faith. He attended an academy at Norristown, but did not complete the course of that institution. He taught in the rural schools of his native county at an early age and at the same pursued the branches of higher learning. At the age of sixteen he was a contributor to the newspaper of his native village, writing creditably both poetry and prose. In 1820 he removed with his parents to Montgomery County, Maryland, and in 1823 to Georgetown, District of Columbia. In 1825 he settled at Batavia, Clermont County, Ohio. He was something of an agitator and early manifested an interest in polities. He favored Andrew Jackson for president and in 1828 established the Ohio Sun to aid in his election. In 1834 he was elected as a Jackson democrat to a seat in Ohio Legislature, later becoming state senator from Clermont County. On the expiration of his term in 1838 he established his permanent home at Columbus, where he purchased the Western Hemisphere, the name of which he changed to the Ohio Statesman, a predecessor of the present Ohio State Journal. This paper he edited until 1857. He was a forceful and logieal writer and made his paper • a power in the Ohio Valley. He was a staunch reporter of all the measures proposed by "Old Hickory," who honored him with his personal esteem and confidence. In the controversy over the Oregon boundary he originated the cry "fifty-four forty or fight," and it became the cry of his party. Stephen A. Douglas stood for this boundary, and his position gained him the friendship of Mr. Medary. Mr. Medary became prominent in state politics, and in 1844 was chairman of the Ohio delegation to the National Democratic Convention at Baltimore. He carried a letter from General Jackson instructing him to present the name of James K. Polk for the nomination for president in case of disagreement of any serious nature among the delegates as to a suitable candidate. When the convention was in an uproar and in danger of going to pieces, Mr. Medary produced his letter, and James K. Polk was at once nominated by acclamation for the presidency. In 1853 Mr. Medary was tendered the position of United States Minister to Chili, which he declined. He was the temporary president of the democratic convention held in Cincinnati that nominated James Buchanan for president, and labored ineffectually for the nomination of his friend and favorite, Stephen A. Douglas. He was the last territorial governor of Minnesota, holding that position during the years 1857-58. Returning to Columbus after the close of his term in April, 1858, he was made postmaster of the Ohio City, but in December, 1858, was again called to fill the office of governor, this time as a territorial candidate. While the great battle for liberty had been fought and won in Kansas before Governor Medary's appointment, his administration had important results, including the formation of the present constitution of the state and the conventions and negotiations leading up to the admission of Kansas to the Union. Soon after the election of. Mr. Lincoln as president in 1860, Governor Medary, realizing the early admission of. Kansas into the Union, resigned' as territorial governor in December, 1860, and returning to his home city established The Crisis, through the columns of which he advocated the settling of the differences between the North and South without resorting to war. He continued as editor of The Crisis until his death in 1864. ' He' was buried in Greenlawn Cemetery, and in 1869 the democrats of Ohio erected there a monument to his memory, with the following inscription: "In commemoration of his public services, his private virtues, distinguished ability and devotion to principle, this monument is erected by the democrats of Ohio." His daughter, Virginia Medary, married Henry Wilson, of Columbus, a brother of the father of Woodrow Wilson. A daughter of Mr. and Mrs. Henry Wilson is Mrs. Virginia (Wilson) Stark, of Mansfield, now of Columbus. MEDARY WILSON STARK is vice president of the American Column and Lumber Company, hardwood manufacturers, with headquarters in Columbus and mills in West Virginia. Mr. Stark represents several historic names in Ohio and elsewhere. He was born at Mansfield, Ohio, in 1886, son of W. W. and Virginia (Wilson) Stark. His mother was a daughter of Virginia Medary, who in turn was a daughter of Samuel Medary, one of the most distinguished Ohioans of his generation and a brief sketch of whose career precedes this sketch. The father of Virginia (Wilson) Stark was the late Henry Wilson. Henry Wilson was a brother of Rev. Joseph Wilson, the father of the late President Woodrow Wilson. Henry Wilson was a son of James Wilson, who edited a newspaper at Steubenville, Ohio, and it •was in that old Ohio town that Henry Wilson, Joseph Wilson and others of the Wilson family were born. The family were intimate friends and neighbors of Doctor Stanton, father of Edwin M. Stanton, who subsequently became secretary of war under Lincoln; Henry Wilson was a paymaster in the navy during the Civil war, and finally engaged in business in Columbus, in which city his daughter, Virginia Wilson, was born. She is a first cousin therefore of former President Woodrow Wilson. W. W. Stark was born in Delaware County near Sunbury, and has been a prominent hardwood manu- 10 - HISTORY OF OHIO facturer for many years. He is president of the American Column & Lumber Company, in which his two sons Medary Wilson and E. M. Stark have executive positions. His business headquarters are at Mansfield. This company operates mills in West Virginia for the manufacture of hardwood lumber products. In 1919 the executive offices of the company were established at Columbus, with branch offices at Mansfield and in New York City. Medary Wilson Stark was reared at Mansfield, and after leaving the public schools went East and enrolled as a student in Yale University, where he was graduated in 1908. For about fifteen years he was identified with the management of his company 's mills in West Virginia, but his home has been in Columbus since 1919, and as vice president he has charge of the executive offices in that city. HON. VIC DONAHEY. No other man in Ohio politics in recent years has achieved quite such triumph as the present governor, who came into office as the only democrat elected on the state ticket in 1922 and who in nearly every political contact in which he has been engaged has triumphed against normal republican majority. The full name of the present governor of Ohio is Alvin Victor Donahey, though for years no one has ever known him otherwise than as "Vic" and this is the name he uses on official documents. He was born at Westchester in Tuscarawas County, Ohio, July 7, 1873, and is an Ohioan of pioneer stock. His great-grandfather Donahey, who married a cousin of Robert Fulton, inventor of the steamboat, came to Ohio on horseback and settled in the wilderness of what was then the Northwest Territory. His son, James M. Donahey, was born in Jefferson County in 1803, soon after Ohio was admitted to the Union. The parents of Governor Donahey were John C. and Harriet (Chaney) Donahey. His mother represented the Chaney and Titus families, both coming to Ohio in pioneer times. John C. Donahey was born in Tuscarawas County in 1850, and is still living. In early life he was a school teacher, and for many years was a dealer and shipper of live stock. Vic Donahey spent the first twelve or thirteen years of his life at Westchester, and while there he attended the public schools. The family then moved to New Philadelphia, and he soon became a student in high school. He left high school in the third year to go to work in a printing office at New Philadelphia, learning the trade, and in less than thaw years was foreman of the composing room. He was a foreman five years. For one year he was with a newspaper at Massillon, and then returned to New Philadelphia, and soon after his marriage bought a job printing plant and continued to operate a successful publishing business there until he first came to Columbus as a state official. Tuscarawas County where he lived has always been normally republican. When he was elected to his first political office, as township clerk in 1900, he overcame a republican majority. He served two terms, and in 1904 was elected county auditor, overcoming republican majority and being elected by a margin of a 150 votes. He was reelected to this office by a 1,800 majority. He also served by election as a member of the New Philadelphia Board of Education. He was one of the non-partisan candidates for election as delegate to the Ohio Constitutional Convention in 1911, and led his nearest competitor by 800 votes. In the convention he was a member of the standing committees on labor, taxation and the special committee on initiative and referendum. Mr. Donahey in 1912 was elected state auditor on the democratic ticket. In 1916, a less favorable year for the Ohio democracy, he was reelected by nearly 45,000 plurality, and received over 577,000 votes, the largest number of votes ever given a democratic candidate on the state ticket up to that time. As state auditor Mr. Donahey took charge of the office on a platform for a complete revision of the laws governing the collections and disbursements of state funds, and during the eight years he secured the enactment of twenty laws to protect the public treasury. Mr. Donahey was in the office of state auditor until the close of 1920. In the state election of that year he was accorded perhaps his greatest political triumph. As democratic candidate for governor he received over 900,000 votes, far exceeding the vote given to any other democratic candidate, even on the presidential ticket, and his successful republican rival was elected by nearly 300,000 votes under that given the head of the presidential ticket. That was a year when republican candidates all over the nation were being elected by unprecedented maj orities. The explanation of Vic Donahey's remarkable career in politics and the great following he has had among all classes of people is the confidence entertained in his integrity and honesty of purpose. In the primary campaign of 1922 he received the democratic nomination, and in November was elected and was inaugurated governor January 1, 1923. This again was a remarkable victory, since the entire republican state ticket with the exception 'of governor was put into office by majorities running up to over 150,000. Vic Donahey went before the people in the governorship campaign without money, making a face to face straightforward campaign, and was elected. Immediately upon his inauguration he set to work to carry out various constructive as well as corrective measures that it had been his ambition to accomplish, and the record of his administration shows that he has carried out his campaign promises as far as is humanly possible in view of the fact that the rest of the state administration is of the opposite political faith. Governor Donahey's father was a Presbyterian and his mother a Methodist, and since early youth he has been identified with the Methodist Church. Fraternally he is affiliated with the Knights of Pythias, Modern Woodmen of America and the Benevolent and Protective Order of Elks, and for twenty years has held a card in the International Typographical Union. His education has come from books as well as from men and affairs. Although he left school before completing the high school course, he has been a constant reader and student of history and the best of literature. He has read widely on political and economic subjects, and one of the books he has always at hand is the greatest treatise ever written on American government, Bryce's "American Commonwealth." In the course of his duties as a newspaper man at New Philadelphia, Vic Donahey once attended a musical recital given by Edith, Stirling-Harvey. After the recital he met the talented performer, and the subsequent acquaintance culminated in their marriage in 1897. Mrs. Donahey is a daughter of W. H. and Margaret (Stirling-Kingsbury) Harvey. Her maternal grandfather was Jacob S. Stirling, of Canton, son of one of the men given credit in history as being the father of that city. Mrs. Donahey was born at Canal Dover, graduated from the high school there, and early in life took up music. She studied under European instructors, and has achieved real distinction as a pianist. Governor and Mrs. Donahey have much to be proud of in their splendid family. Of the twelve children born to their union ten are living, four daughters and six stalwart sons. The names of these children are: Margaret, Elizabeth, HISTORY OF OHIO - 11 Robert, John, Harry (Hal), Richard, James, Junior, Dorothy and Marion. ARTHUR LOVETT GARFORD. Among Ohio 's great manufacturers the name of Arthur Lovett Garford has had a distinguished place for thirty years. His home since birth has been at Elyria. For a number of years he was also a prominent leader in Ohio politics and civic reform. Mr. Garford was born on a farm now included within the city limits of Elyria, August 4, 1858, son of George and Hannah (Lovett) Garford. His father and mother were born in England, the former in Northamptonshire and the latter in Leicestershire. The Garfords for three hundred years had acted as custodians and managers of one of the large entailed English estates. His maternal grandfather Edward Lovett, was a silk and lace manufacturer. George Garford and Hannah Lovett were married in England in 1851. The next year George Garford came to the United States, bought a small parcel of land near Elyria, built a log house, and to this humble dwelling introduced his wife and child when they arrived in 1853. As a landscape gardener he laid out and improved some of the handsomest places around Elyria. Subsequently he acquired more land and called it the stock farm Elywood; known far and wide for the fine animals bred there. He was one of the useful and honored citizens of Elyria for sixty years, and died there February 16, 1911. Arthur L. Garford was graduated from the Elyria High School in 1875, and from 1877 to '1880 was employed as an accountant in Cleveland, and then successively served as bookkeeper, teller and cashier in the Savings Deposit Bank of Elyria. On account of the confining nature of this work Mr. Garford resigned in 1892 to manufacture the Garford bicycle saddle, which he had devised and patented. For a number of years the Garford saddle was the most popular on the market, and in fact came into almost universal use and served to make Mr. Garford's name known to millions. At one time the output of the Garford works at Elyria reached a million saddles a year. The interests of this plant were finally merged with the American Bicycle Company, of which Mr. Garford was treasurer. In 1901 Mr. Garford organized the Automobile and Cycle Parts Company, subsequently known as the Federal Manufacturing Company, of which he was president until 1905. In that year he bought from the company its automobile parts plant in Cleveland and Elyria, and formed the Garford Company to manufacture high grade automobiles. The Studebakers of South Bend, Indiana, became interested in this company, but Mr. Garford retained the controlling interest. The company erected at Elyria what was then one of the largest and best appointed factories in the country. The Garford Company was sold in July, 1912, to John M. Willys of the Willys-Overland Company of Toledo. In 1914 Mr. Garford organized the Garford Manufacturing Company of Elyria to take over the Dean Electric Company's properties,, manufacturing telephones and switchboards, also electric light plants for farms. He was president of this 'company. He became treasurer of the Garford Engineering Company, which he organized in 1913 Mr. Garford in 1902 went to France and reorganized the Cleveland Machine Screw. Company under the name of the Cleveland Automatic Machine Company, and subsequently acquired the control and for the past twenty years has been president of this corporation. He organized in 1903 the Columbia Steel Works of Elyria, in 1905 helped organize the Perry-Fay Manufacturing Company, and assisted in establishing the American Lace Manufacturing Company of Elyria, of which he is president. He was formerly principal owner and president of the Republican Printing Company of Elyria, and for a number of years had been director of the Savings Deposit Bank and Trust Company of Elyria and the Worthington Ball Company. He is now president of the Garford Foundries Company and the Electro-Alloys Company. For nine years Mr. Garford was a member of the Republican State Central Committee, and was a delegate to the National Republican Convention of 1896 when McKinley was nominated and in 1908 when Taft was nominated. He was a member of the progressive wing of the Ohio party and was chairman of the Ohio delegation in the national convention of 1912, when the famous split occurred in the party. Mr. Garford had been a leader in the movement to give the nomination to Colonel Roosevelt, but he did not participate in the bolt at the convention. In the subsequent state nominating convention Mr. Garford was offered the republican nomination for governor, provided that he would support President Taft. This he refused to do, and though he was the favorite in the balloting, the reactionary leaders finally secured the nomination for Judge Dillon who refused to run. Later in the campaign, after the progressive party had perfected its organization, Mr. Garford announced his support of the new party, and at its state convention in September accepted the nomination for governor, and more than two hundred thousand votes were cast for him. He continued to act as a leader in the progressive party until it ceased to exist as a separate party organization in 1916. Mr. Garford called the first meeting of local citizens to promote the movement to secure a pure water supply from Lake Erie, and persistently worked for the success of the movement until its objective was obtained seven years later. He has been a generous contributor to and is former president of the Young Men's Christian Association of Elyria, was first president of the Elyria Chamber of Commerce, was the first president of the Elyria Country Club, has served as a trustee of the Elyria Public Library, and is a member of the First Congregational Society. He belongs to the 'Ohio Society of New York, the National Civic Federation, and the Union and Tippecanoe clubs of Cleveland. December 14, 1881, Mr. Garford married Mary Louise Nelson, daughter of a prominent Elyria citizen, Thomas Nelson. They have two daughters: Mary Katherine, wife of James B. Thomas, of Elyria, and Louise Ely, wife of Emanuel Lavagnino of Pasadena, California. HON. JOHN MCSWEENEY. One of the youngest members of the Ohio delegation in the Sixty-eighth Congress is Hon. John McSweeney, of Wooster, who was only thirty-two 'years of age when elected to represent the Sixteenth Ohio District in 1922, as successor to J. H. Himes, of Canton. Mr. McSweeney was an American officer in the World war, is a teacher by profession and is the third successive John Mc- Sweeney of Wayne County, distinguished in the law and in public affairs. The first was the eminent criminal lawyer, one of the ablest of his generation in Ohio. This John McSweeney was a son of John and Jennie (0 'Connel) McSweeney, who came from Cork, Ireland, to the United States in 1824. They lived for a time at Blackrock, New York, and then came to Ohio and settled at Navarre, Stark County. In 1828, during a visitation of the cholera, John and Jennie and all but the youngest of their seven children fell victims to that plague. The youngest child was John McSweeney, who was about three years of age when his parents died and who for a number of years of his boyhood lived 12 - HISTORY OF OHIO with a kindly woman, Mrs. Grimes, who sent him to school. He attended St. Xavier College of Cincinnati. His father had left an estate of about $800 in cash, and when John was about fifteen years of age he selected John Harris, of Canton, Ohio, as his guardian. He finished his education in Western Reserve College, then at Hudson, Ohio, and after gaining admission to the bar located at Wooster, where in a short time his brilliant talents brought him a renumerative practice. In resourcefulness of investigation, the collecting of evidence, and in handling a case before judge and jury, particularly in criminal trials, John McSweeney had few equals in his generation. In later years his fame was such that frequently when he was scheduled to address the jury in court the schools of the town would be dismissed so that the pupils could have the educational advantage of hearing him speak. He was not only well read in the law, but was thoroughly familiar with an extensive range of general literature and philosophy. He was sixty-five years of age when he died at Wooster in 1890. In 1849 he had married Kate Rex, a daughter of Jacob and Catherine (Wilton) Rex. He was a democrat in politics, and he and his wife were members of the Episcopal church. They reared three children, named John, Jr., Kate and Jennie. John McSweeney, second of the name among the attorneys of the Ohio bar, was born at Wooster, August 31, 1854, and died in March, 1918. He studied law under his father and at the Boston Law School, was admitted to the bar in 1879, and was associated in practice with his father until the latter 's death. He was an excellent lawyer, and found his chief satis- faction in the practice of law, rather avoiding the honors and responsibilities of public office. He was a democrat. In 1884 occurred his marriage with Ada Mullins a daughter of James and Hannah (White) Mullins, who were born and reared in Ireland. Mrs. Ada McSweeney survives her husband. As a family they made an extensive tour of Europe in 1895. The children of John McSweeney II were George Rex, James M., John, and Averil. George Rex died aged thirty-six years and Averil died at the age of eighteen months. James M. McSweeney, the older living son, was born at Wooster, July 21, 1887, graduated from Wooster College in 1908, from Harvard University in 1911 and was admitted to the bar in 1910. He has attained a successful place in law practice and is now a member of the Cleveland bar.. As a captain in the Ohio National Guard he went to the Texas-Mexico border in 1916. The following year, when America entered the World war, he was commissioned captain of heavy artillery with the Thirty-seventh Regiment and went overseas in April, 1918. Later he was with the Ninetieth Regiment, and was with the Army of Occupation in Germany. He was mustered out of service July 10, 1919, and is a captain in the Officers Reserve Corps, and a member of the American Legion and the military Order of Foreign Wars. In 1922 he married Mrs. Josephine (Ross) Williams. Congressman John McSweeney inherits a mixture of Irish, 'English and Holland-Dutch 'ancestry. He was born at Wooster, December 19, 1890, and had all the liberal advantages that could be conferred by a family of means and with long traditions of intellectual culture. He graduated from the Wooster High School in 1908, from Wooster University in 1912, and for one year he was an employe in the Engineering Corps of the Pennsylvanian Railway, and also taught in the Wooster High School. He was one of the young men from Wayne County to join the First Officers Training School, attending at Fort Benjamin Harrison at Indianapolis. He entered the training school in May, 1917, and was commissioned a second lieutenant. He was with the Thirty-seventh Ohio Regiment at Camp Sheridan at Montgomery, Alabama, and later at Camp Meade, Maryland, with the Seventy-sixth Regiment, and was again returned to the Thirty-seventh Regiment at Camp Lee, and was ordered overseas in June, 1918. He served as an aide on the staff of General. Farnsworth in , France. After two engagements on the French front he was sent to Belgium, was promoted to first lieutenant in December, 1918, and shortly afterward to captain. He attended officers training schools at London and Dublin, and in July, 1919, returned to the United States and was mustered out with the rank of captain in the Officers Reserve Corps. Captain McSweeney is a member of the American Legion. On July 9, 1924, he married Miss. Abby Conway Schaefer, of Richmond, . Indiana. He has been active in Wayne County politics for several years, and in 1922 was nominated on the democratic ticket as candidate for Congress. In a world contested campaign he won the election, and took his seat in the Sixty-eighth Congress in the fall of 1923. COL. BENSON W. HOUGH. In recent years honors and distinctions have crowded upon Colonel Hough, but of every one he has been thoroughly worthy. These honors have been merited by him because of abilities due to unusual talents and character and the long and steady work and preparation that, constituted his apprenticeship in the law, in military affairs and in public positions. He is one of Ohio's military heroes of the World war. He had a long connection with the Ohio National Guard, with gradual promotion from the ranks, was in service on the Mexican border, and made a most enviable record overseas. Those who have known Colonel Hough personally in civilian life and who have met him since his return from foreign lands can bear testimony to the fact that he wears his high honors without ostentation and is as modest as he is brave. Since the war he has served as judge of the Ohio Supreme Court, and recently was appointed by President Harding, United States district attorney for the Southern District of Ohio. Colonel Hough was born at Delaware, Ohio, March 3, 1875, and his home was in that college community until he came to Columbus to go on the bench. His parents were Leonard and Mary (Linn) Hough, both of New England ancestry. Leonard Hough's mother was a Thrall, and the Thrall's came from Granville, Massachusetts, and were the first settlers and founders of Granville, Ohio. Colonel Hough attended public schools in. Delaware, is a graduate of the high school of that city, and in 1897 received the. Master of Arts degree from Ohio Wesleyan University. He took his law course in Ohio State University, graduating Bachelor of Laws in 1889. Colonel Hough has had twenty years of active connection with his profession. He began practice at Delaware in 1900. There was no important interruption to his career as a lawyer until he went to the Mexican border in the summer of 1916. He had been home only a few weeks in the spring of 1.917 when he was again called to the colors as a soldier of the World war, and he did not resume legal practice until the summer of 1919. Colonel Hough was an experienced soldier when the World war came on. As a boy in 1892 he became a private in Company K at Delaware, this company being a unit of the old Fourteenth Regiment, Ohio National Guard. He served with it five years. In 1902 he reenlisted in the same regiment, but in the meantime it had become the Fourth Ohio. He was commissioned first lieutenant of Company K, in June of the same year -was advanced' to captain, subsequently was commissioned major and in July, 1906, was promoted to lieutenant-colonel. Colonel HISTORY OF OHIO - 13 Hough resigned his commission in January, 1915, to accept the office of adjutant-general of Ohio. This office carried with it the rank of brigadier-general. He was adjutant-general for a year and a half. He then resigned, preferring service in the field rather than in an administrative capacity during war times. He therefore reenlisted as a private in Company K, but was soon commissioned lieutenant-colonel of the Fourth Ohio, and went with the command to the Mexican border. From this service he was mustered out at Fort Wayne, Indiana, March 3, 1917. April 9, 1917, he was commissioned colonel and on July 15, was called to duty in the National Army as commanding officer of the Fourth Ohio Infantry Regiment. On August 5, the entire National Guard was drafted into the Federal service, and the Fourth Ohio became the One Hundred Sixty-sixth Infantry, U. S. A., with Col. Benson W. Hough as its leader. Colonel Hough organized this regiment at Camp Perry on August 13, and on September 9, 1917, it became a unit of the famous Rainbow or Forty-second Division, made up largely of crack National Guard regiments all over the country. The Rainbow Division it will be recalled was one of the first large fighting units of the American Expeditionary Forces. Colonel Hough and his regiment sailed for France October 18, arrived at St. Nazaire October 31, spent a short time in the Fourth Army Area, and then in the Seventh Army Area, where under the careful direction and leadership of, Colonel Hough the regiment was whipped into shape to enter the trenches. The unit took over. a sector in Loraine on February 22, 1918, and served continuously on that front for a period of one hundred and ten days. Cool judgment and skillful leadership marked Colonel Hough's work in those first trying days, and so admirably did he solve the problems confronting him that the French conferred on him the Croix' de Guerre. Before the war ended Colonel Hough had served in Champagne, at Chateau Thierry, at St.. Mihiel, in the Argonne and before Sedan, and had the remarkable record of never once being absent from his command. Under date of April 19, 1919, Gen. John J. Pershing issued a citation " To Col. Benson W. Hough, for exceptional, meritorious and conspicuous services, commanding the One Hundred Sixty-sixth Infantry in France, American Expeditionary Forces. In testimony thereof, and as an expression of appreciation of these services, I award this citation.," Perhaps the most interesting tribute to Colonel Hough as a soldier and Man is one found in a recently published book, entitled "Rainbow Memories," written by a young officer of the First Battalion of the One Hundred Sixty-sixth Infantry and himself a Missouri man. In a book containing biographies of prominent Ohioans, the following quotation from this source has complete appropriateness: "It is not with Colonel Hough, the civilian, or the soldier, that we are mostly interested—it is with Colonel Hough, the man, revealed, it is true, chiefly through our military relations with him. One of his strongest qualities of character is a natural born aptitude for leadership,—not the kind of leadership that drives men and controls them by reason of some vested power,—but the type of leadership that comes out of ability to inspire. Colonel Hough possesses this ability to inspire men in a remarkable degree. A big man physically and intellectually, who hates formality and shuns publicity; a man who is ordinarily quiet and has but little to say, but who, when occasion demands, becomes a veritable volcano of action, sweeping aside all immaterial considerations and speaking directly and briefly on the real point at issue. It is this combination of qualities which hinds men to him. "In battle, where victory is the stake and death the price, he watches every move of his boys and he grieves for every one who falls by the wayside—a sacrifice to the cause. He loves his men with all their faults and shortcomings, as does a father, and on his great human heart he carries their burdens by day and by night. "A natural leader who inspires men and who possesses excellent judgment—a man who is broad-gauged and intensely human—such a man is Col. Benson W. Hough. Of him Ohio may well be proud, for he has shed new glory on her fair name. She has in her possession no honor too great to bestow upon the man who during the ebb and tide of the World war has watched over and so tenderly cared for her heroic sons." Colonel Hough received his honorable discharge in June, 1919, and then resumed the practice at Delaware. In the fall of the same year he was elected judge of the Supreme Court of Ohio, beginning his duties on the bench in January, 1920. He served on the Supreme Bench until January 1, 1923, and then retired to resume again private practice. He is one of the youngest men who have ever served the state on the Supreme Bench, but his record of three years justified fully the expectations of his friends and gave him new laurels as a jurist. Shortly after he retired from the bench President Harding nominated him as United States district attorney for the Southern District of Ohio, thus filling a vacancy that had existed for some time. Judge Hough has some most unusual qualifications, both in his character and in his experiences, for the duties of an office that involves a great amount of hard work and requires a man of decision and courage to handle the problems that are .part of the daily routine of the district attorney's office. Colonel Hough has long been prominent in Ohio Masonry, and in 1922 had conferred upon him the supreme honorary thirty-third degree in the Scottish Rite.. He is a Shriner, has been an Elk for a quarter of a century, and is a member of the East Side Country Club, and the Columbus Athletic Club. Colonel Hough married Miss Edith Markel, of Delaware, Ohio. They have one daughter, Catherine. HON. CHARLES C. CRABBE, attorney-general of Ohio, brought some unusual qualifications to his work in this very important state office.. He has had a successful law practice in his home county of Madison for a number of years. He has had legislative experience, and has done a great deal of work that has made him familiar with public business. Mr. Crabbe was born on a farm in Range Township, Madison County, Ohio, November 1, 1878, son of John W. and Ellen (Minshall) Crabbe. His mother is still living. The Crabbe family has been in Fayette and Madison counties since pioneer times. Charles C. Crabbe was educated in the common schools, in Ohio `Northern University at Ada, and was admitted to the bar in 1904. Prior to that time he had taught school for seven years. His legal residence and his law offices have always been in London, the county seat of Madison County. He served as city solicitor of London, and for three terms was prosecuting attorney of Madison County. He represented Madison County for two terms in the General Assembly, during the Eighty-third and Eighty-fourth sessions, and in Eighty-fourth session was speaker pro tem of the House. Up to 1923 Mr. Crabbe was senior member of the law firm , of Crabbe, Johnson & Crabbe at London. His younger brother, H. H. Crabbe, was elected prosecuting attorney of Madison County in 1922. Another brother is state superintendent of the Anti- 14 - HISTORY OF OHIO Saloon League in Maryland, and still another holds a similar position in Kansas. While in the General Assembly Mr. Crabbe was chairman of the committee on liquor traffic and temperance and the law framed by that committee for prohibition enforcement came to bear his name. The Crabbe Enforcement Law has frequently been taken as a model of enforcement legislation, and some of its ideas were copied. by the framers of the National Prohibition Act. It antedated the passage of the Eighteenth Amendment, and it has been enforced in Ohio concurrently with the enforcement of the Volstead Law. Mr. Crabbe was nominated at the republican state primaries in 1922 for attorney-general, and he was elected in November of that year. He began his official duties January 1, 1923. He at once attracted favorable attention by his selection of skilled and highly specialized attorneys to take charge of the various departments of the work of the attorney-general 's office, thus assuring that the legal interests of the state would be placed in the best possible hands. There are sixteen of these special attorneys on Mr. Crabbe's staff, besides an office force for handling the clerical details of the department. The office of attorney-general has always been one of importance, and many lawyers of high ability and distinction have filled it in the past. Mr. Crabbe entered upon his duties not only with a determination to enforce the laws of the state, but also to make his office an educational force to enlighten the people of Ohio as to the vital necessity of law observance. Mr. Crabbe is a member of the Presbyterian Church of London, and is a thirty-scond degree Scottish Rite Mason, Odd Fellow, Knight of Pythias and a member of the Junior Order United American Mechanics. He married Miss Isa M. Roth, of London. They have one son, Roth Crabbe, who was born in 1907, and is now in his last year at the London High School. GEORGE DYAR SELBY, president of the Selby Shoe Company at Portsmouth, is a member of a family that has been in Ohio for over a century, was founded in New England more than two centuries ago, while in old England the lineage runs back in unbroken line to the thirteenth century. In this lineage George D. Selby is in the twenty-first generation. The name Selby is derived from the Danish word "seile," to sail or navigate, and "by" meaning a town. Burke, in the "Landed Gentry of. England," says, " The Selbys have been seated time out of mind in Northumberland," which is the extreme in northern counties in England, and many of the Selbys were staunch defenders of the English crown against the Scotch invaders during the numerous wars that marked the relations between England and Scotland. The earliest facts of history relating to the family was the founding by William the Conqueror of Selby Abbey, a monastery in Yorkshire. Most of the early records of the family were destroyed by fire in 1721. The first of the twenty-one generations in the lineage of the Ohio business man was represented by Bryan Selby of Selby, who was born about 1200. In the fourth generation was Sir Walter Selby, who was granted ]and in 1327 by Edward the III, and this land has been continued uninterruptedly in the possession of his descendants. He was governor of Liddell Castle on the borders, which were besieged by King David of Scotland in 1342, and after the Castle yielded he was beheaded by order of the Scotch King. The consecutive record of the different generations cannot be given here, but it is noteworthy that William Selby of the fourteenth generation was born January 3, 1632. He married twice, his second marriage being to Elizabeth Howell, February 21, 1669, and they had six children, the first of whom was Sir William Selby, born June 3, 1672, and married Eleanor Fenwick, October 14, 1694. She was the daughter of Jeremiah Fenwick and Margaret Selby and granddaughter of Christopher Selby and Elinor Moobrew. Through the Fenwick connection the Selbys were connected to a very large number of immigrants to the new world. Sir William Selby, who died in 1705, was the father of several children who came to America and became ancestors of most of the New England Selbys. One of Sir William Selby and Eleanor Fenwick's children was Jeremiah Selby, born August 11, 1695. In 1712 he accompanied his mother to Boston on the ship Peter and Philip, arriving June 17, 1712, and soon joined his uncle, Matthew Hall, at East Haddam, Connecticut, with whom his brothers and sisters found homes. June 12, 1716, Jeremiah Selby married Susannah Dutton, some years later moving to New Haven, Connecticut, where he died soon after- wards, in 1726. His only son, William Selby, was born at East Haddam, Connecticut, June 5, 1717, and died April 6, 1804. He married twice, first Hannah Brainard, of East Haddam, December 26, 1744, and second, Dorothy Borge, February 25, 1749. Jeremiah Selby of the eighteenth generation was born December 9, 1745, son of William and Hannah (Brainard) Selby, at East Haddam, Connecticut, where he married Sarah Cone, a daughter of Daniel Cone. In 1807 he migrated to New York State, making the trip by team, it being long before the time of railroads. He settled in Wayne County, at Sodus Bay, where both he and his wife spent the remainder of their lives. They had eight children. Dyar, the sixth, was born July 4, 1784, at East Haddam Connecticut, and moved with his parents to Wayne County, New York State. Dyar Selby married, February 17, 1811, in Wayne County, Tabitha Calhoun, who was born March 15, 1791, at Petersham, Worcester County, Massachu- setts, a daughter of James Calhoun, who served with the Massachusetts troops in the Revolutionary war. In 1807 Mr. Calhoun started westward with his family, his daughter Tabitha driving one of the teams the entire distance from Petersham, Massachusetts, to Wayne County, New York State, where her father was a pioneer settler. In 1819, eight years after his marriage to Miss Calhoun, Dyar Selby came to Ohio, accompanied by his wife and their four children, landing in Marietta, Ohio. He lived for a time in one end of a double log house, which he rented a few miles from town. Later he moved to Rainbow Bend, where he lived until 1827. Going then to Wesley Township, Washington County, Ohio, he lived for five years on a farm lying two miles north of Bartlett. In 1832 he located in Berne Township, two and one half miles west of Bartlett, and lived there (log and frame houses) until his death in 1873. He held various public offices, including township trustee and justice of the peace. His wife, Tabitha, died in 1853. They reared ten children: Jeremiah, Dyar, Hines Cone, Sarah, Susan, Warren, Jared, Fanny, Elizabeth and Francis Marion. Hines Cone Selby was born in Wayne County, New York, October 9, 1815, and at the age of four was brought by his 'parents to Ohio. Reared to agricultural pursuits, he began life for himself as a farmer on rented land. In a few years he purchased land in Berne Township and built a substantial house of hewed logs, where he spent the remainder of his life, passing away in 1889. He married Sarah Ann Rardin, who was born in Berne Township, Athens County, Ohio, December 15, 1820, a daughter of William HISTORY OF OHIO - 15 Rardin and granddaughter of Henry Rardin, a pioneer settler of Ohio. Her great-grandfather was Denis Rardin, who with a brother, John Rardin immigrated from Ireland to America about 1750 and settled in Westmoreland County, Pennsylvania, where his death occurred in 1789. Born and reared in Pennsylvania, Henry Rardin Came by way of the Ohio River to Marietta in 1807, and became one of the earlier settlers of Washington County, Ohio, where he bought land and cleared a farm, residing there until his death in 1856, at the age of ninety-nine years. The maiden. name of his wife was Elizabeth Hull. William Rardin was born April 29, 1797, in Pennsylvania, and grew to man's estate in Washington County, Ohio. He began life for himself by purchasing land in Berne Township, and there engaged in farming until his death in 1876. He married Elizabeth Anders, who was born at Red Stone Fort, Pennsylvania, and as a small child was brought by her widowed mother to' Ohio. She died in 1890, at the age of ninety-one years. Of the union of Hines Cone and Sarah Ann (Rardin) Selby twelve children were born, namely: Oliver 0., Mary E., John W., George Dyar, Mahitabel T., David H., Sarah J., Sanford P., James 0., Prudence A., Samuel V. and Roena Rardin. George Dyar Selby was born at the old homestead in Berne Township, Athens County, April 1, 1846. He was educated in rural schools, and before reaching his nineteenth birthday he enlisted, in February, 1865, in Company H of the One Hundred Eighty-sixth Ohio Infantry. He was on duty with the Army of the Cumberland in Southern Tennessee and Northern Georgia until the close. of the war. After returning from the army he studied in a seminary in Athens, County, taught one term of school, and in 1867, the year of his marriage, moved to Portsmouth, where he has had his home now for over fifty-eight years. For some time Mr. Selby was sales representative for the Singer Manufacturing Company, selling its sewing machines over this section of the state. The great business of which he is now the head was established in 1880 by Mr. Selby and Irving Drew and Bernard Damon. He has been a shoe manufacturer for over forty years, and in that time has made the Selby shoes recognized by reliable standards of quality throughout the United States and in the foreign trade as well. The business continued under the original partnership for some years, and in 1902 the Drew-Selby Company was incorporated, and in 1906, by the purchase of the Drew holdings, Mr. Selby acquired control of the business, and changed the name to the Selby Shoe Company. Since then he has been president of the company, with four of his sons active in the management of the business. Mr. Selby is also president of the Security Bank of Portsmouth. He has served on the official board of .the Bigelow Methodist Episcopal Church, is affiliated with Aurora Lodge No. 48, Free and Accepted Masons, Mount Vernon Chapter No. 23, Royal Arch Masons, Solomon Council No. 79, Royal and Select Masters, Calvary Commandery No. 13, Knights Templar, and also belongs to the Scottish Rite Consistory. He is a member of Bailey Post No. 164, Grand Army of the Republic. September 26, 1867, Mr. Selby married Lydia Verlinda Webster, a native of Meigs County, Ohio, and daughter of Isaac A. and Lydia (Ashton) Webster. Her father was born in New York State, April 9, 1801, and was nine years of age when the family moved to Meigs County, Ohio, where he lived until his death, March 7, 1865. Mr. and Mrs. Selby became the parents of five children: Pearl E. born January 19, 1870, who became vice president and general manager of the Selby. Shoe Company, resigning in 1918. He married Blanche E. Smith. Cora Waller Selby, born February 26, 1873, died February 25, 1911, wife of Benjamin H. Dillon. Mark Webster Selby, born August 14, 1876, became vice president and secretary of the Selby Shoe Company. His first wife was Mauch Grimes, and his second wife, Adelaide Hare. Homer Clifford Selby, born May 16,' 1880, married Laura Moody, who died in 1906, and his second wife was Lola Davis. The youngest child of Mr. and Mrs. Selby is Roger Alfred, born May 11, 1885. All the four sons are directors of the- Selby Shoe Company, Roger A. being general manager. FRANKLIN RUBRECHT. In the thirty-two years he has been an active member of the Columbus bar, Judge Rubrecht has from a sense of civic duty set aside a part of his time for the responsibilities' of various public offices, offices involving much work and with little compensation compared to a successful private practice. He was born at Delaware Ohio, August 31, 1868, son of Joel and Priscilla ?Heller) Rubrecht. His father, an early settler of Delaware, ,was born in Pennsylvania of Bavarian ancestry. Franklin Rubrecht was reared in Delaware, and was educated in the public schools of that city, and in business college. Subsequently be entered the Ohio State University at Columbus, graduated in law with the class of 1892, and soon afterward entered practice in this city. He has always enjoyed high standing as a lawyer, and for a number of years 'his practice has been largely concerned with corporation and probate matters. On May 1, 1923, he became a member of the new law firm of Rubrecht, Ulrey & Randall, with offices in the Outlook Building. During 1897-98 he served as police prosecutor, and for a number of years was police judge. He was first .assistant director of law at Columbus in 1901-02, in 1913 and 1914 was a member and chairman of the Municipal Civil Service Commission, and in 1915-16 was first assistant prosecuting attorney of Franklin County. His services are always drawn upon in local campaigns and drives for worthy benevolent or civic enterprises. During the World war he practically closed his law office and placed his professional abilities, and as a speaker and his entire influence at the disposal of the government. He was a leader in all the local drives, did work in various sections of the state, and was an active member of the legal advisory board. He was a member of the Columbus Reserve Guard, with a captains commission. Mr. Rubrecht is a Scottish Rite Mason and Shriner, a member of the Elks, is a past supreme orator of the Supreme Council Royal Arcanum, and a former member of the committee on laws of that body. In 1894; at Lancaster, Ohio, he married Miss Blanche 'Newell. Their daughter, Miss Mercedes Elizabeth Rubrecht, for two years has been a student in the New York School of Music and Arts, preparing herself for a musical and artistic piano career. Mr. Rubrecht resides at 94 Hoffman Avenue. JOHN M. GARARD. Out of an active experience of more than forty years John M. Garard has become nationally known as an authority on natural gas production. He grew up in Southwestern Pennsylvania, close to the scene of some of the original gas fields, and for many years has been familiar with the gas fields of Pennsylvania, West Virginia and Ohio. He was one of the founders and is vice president of the Ohio Fuel Supply Company, a $40,000,000 corporation engaged in the production and distribution of natural gas. 16 - HISTORY OF OHIO Mr. Garard was born on a farm in Greene County, Pennsylvania, in 1852, son of Joseph and Emeline (Long) Garard. The Garards were French Huguenots, driven out of France by religious persecution, and some of them were Colonial settlers in Virginia. John M. Garard spent the first twenty-eight years of his life on his father ,s farm in Southwestern Pennsylvania, acquiring a common school education. One of the old. oil operators in that section was E. M. Hukill, and about 1880 John M. Garard went to work for that veteran of the oil industry in developing some fields in Greene County. His first work was leasing, but he found experience and opportunity to study every phase of oil and gas production, including leasing, drilling, tool dressing, and other phases of the work. During these early years he worked in the various fields of. Southwest Pennsylvania and West Virginia. It was in January, 1898, that he came to Ohio, representing the firm of Treat & Crawford, Pennsylvanians, who began prospecting for oil and gas at Corning in Perry County, Ohio. Mr. Garard looked after the leasing of lands for this firm, and soon had thousands of acres under lease in Perry, Athens and adjoining counties. These operations were the practical basis of the great business now represented in the Ohio Fuel Supply Company. The absorption of other companies and interests in time produced the widespread industry of the present corporation. Mr. Garard’s firm did its first drilling on Mud Fork, near Glouster, in Athens County. From the first the efforts have been centered on the production of natural gas, and this fuel has remained the company ,s sole product. As a result of growth and expansion the Ohio Fuel Supply Company has become the largest exclusive producers of natural gas in the country. It has gas productions from 1,683 gas wells in Ohio, and also from a number of others in West Virginia. The company has over 4,000 miles of pipe line in the State of Ohio. It supplies gas, both wholesale and as local distributors, to 146 cities and towns in Ohio, extending from Wheeling to Cincinnati, and including Columbus. The business and operating headquarters of the company have been in Columbus since 1902, and Mr. Garard himself has made his home in that city since that date. As vice president of the company he is the executive in general charge of the business. The president of the company, Mr. G. W. Crawford, is a resident of Pittsburgh. Those in close touch with the history of gas production assign Mr. Garard the chief credit for the development and organization of facilities represented in the Ohio Fuel Supply Company. Mr. Garard married Miss Susan L. McCune. He is a member of the Columbus, Athletic and Columbus County clubs, the Duquesne. Club of Pittsburgh, has been a Mason for fourteen years also is a -Shriner, and has been an Elk for eight years. He is a member of the Chamber of commerce, the Shrine Club and the Columbus Gun Club. JAMES FAIRCHILD BALDWIN, M. D. For almost half a century Columbus has had the benefit of the kindly and capable services of Doctor Baldwin as a physician and surgeon. His work in the profession has been more than the important routine practice. He has been a teacher, has been an advanced worker in medical and social organizations, and is founder at Columbus of Grant Hospital, the largest institution of the kind in the city. James Fairchild Baldwin was born at Orangeville, New York, February 12, 1850, son of Cyrus and Mary P. (Fairchild) Baldwin. He is a' graduate of Oberlin College, Ohio, receiving his Bachelor of Arts degree in 1870, with Phi Beta Kappa Key. Six years later his alma mater honored him with the Master of Arts degree. After leaving Oberlin College he taught for one year and then entered Jefferson Medical College at Philadelphia, where he received his Doctor of Medicine degree in 1874. His thesis was awarded the first prize of $100. He began his work as a physician in Columbus in 1874, and a year later accepted the chair of Professor of Physiology, and then of Anatomy, in the Columbus Medical College. He held that position until 1882. From 1892 to 1899 he was Professor of Surgical Gynecology, and also Chancellor of the Ohio Medical University. With the growth of his practice and the spread of his renown as a surgeon, Doctor Baldwin undertook to supply the need for adequate hospital facilities in Columbus, and in 1900 established Grant Hospital, of which he became surgeon and chief of staff. The growth of the hospital has been largely due to his untiring efforts. The hospital has been improved and enlarged from time to time until it is the largest in the city. In order that the institution might continue its service in conformity and the ideals of its founder, Doctor Baldwin was instrumental in conveying the property at the close of 1922 to a board of five self-perpetuating trustees, who in turn at their judgment might convey it to the city or other organization. The outstanding provisions for hospital management detailed in the deed of trust provide that its facilities shall be rendered without distinction to race or sex, that it shall always maintain a Nurses Training School and that beyond the expense of maintenance and opera' tion the income of the hospital shall be devoted to charitable work. While he thus relieved himself of the responsibility of management, Doctor Baldwin is still a hard worker and his profession and is a man of exceptional vigor nd health. With Doctor Andre Crotti and others he established the Columbus free cancer clinic, one of the first institutions of the kind in the United States. He was honored by the Ohio State Medical Association with election as president in 1919. He is a member or the American Association of Obstetricians, Gynecologists and Abdominal Surgeons of which he was made president in 1923, of the American Medical Association, etc., and has contributed many articles to medical journals on surgery and gynecology. He is also author of "Operative Gynecology,'' published in 1898. He originated an operating table, the central principle of which has been incorporated in all operating tables now manufactured. In addition to a number of improvements in methods of surgical operations he devised one operation in full detail, which is known by his name the world over, and is described in all recent works on surgery. In 1874, Doctor Baldwin married Miss Fidelia Finch, of Wellington, Ohio. She was the mother of four of his six children. In 1889 he married Ida Strickler, of Columbus, and by this marriage there are two children. The names of the children are: A. G. Baldwin, Dr. Hugh A. Baldwin, Fredricka, wife of F. R. Hoover, Helen, wife of Ralph May, Alice, wife of H. P. Hall, and Josephine, wife of Harry Yoxall. C. C. CHAPPELEAR has for twenty years been editor and pubilsher of one of Ohio ,s oldest newspapers, the Circleville Union-Herald. This is the oldest business institution in Circleville or Pickaway County. Mr. Chappelear as editor brought out the paper in January, 1903. Under the name of the Olive Branch it was founded by James Foster August 9, 1817. A souvenir edition was published October 6, 1910, at the 'end of the ninety-third year. At the time of its establishment Columbus had only one paper, the Ohio HISTORY OF OHIO - 17 State Journal, which was established in 1811. An issue, dated October 23, 1817, No. 12, is still in the hands of the present proprietor. A motto at the head of the paper in 1819, when it was edited by William B. Thrall, read : "I was born as free as Caesar; so were you." After two or three changes in name, in 1832 "Olive Branch" was dropped, and the paper continued as the Herald until the beginning of the Civil war, when it became the Circleville Union, and in 1870 the Circleville Herald and. Union, and since January, 1877, it has enjoyed its present title, the Circleville-Union Herald. The first daily appeared May 25, 1894, and in 1898 the policy was adopted of cash in advance, which has been adhered to ever since. In 1902 Mr. W. R. Duvall sold the paper to a joint stock company known as the Scioto Valley Publishing Company, with Mr. Earl W. Mauck as the chief stockholder and editor of the paper. He sold his interest to C. C. Chappelear in January, 1903, and in February, 1904, Mr. Chappelear bought all the stock and subsequently dissolved the corporation. The Weekly Union-Herald has had over 5,500 issues, and only once has it failed to appear on the regular day of publication. In the course of a century the Union-Herald has given the news concerning the first turnpike, the first steam car, the telegraph, telephone, oil, gas, electric light, wireless telegraphy, the automobile, the airship and in its own pages has represented the marvelous advance in the printing art. It has told of improved farm methods, and when it was first published, grain was cut with a sickle and subsequent improvements included the cradle, the reaper with a man to rake off the sheaves, the self rake, the binder and the bundle carrier and the flail gave place to the thresher and stacker. At the same time Circleville has grown from a hamlet of log cabins to a city of 8,000, and a county of 28,000 population, justly called one of the most progressive agricultural communities in the world. There are now seven newspapers in Pickaway County. Mr. Chappelear is the last in a list of forty-five successive editors of the Union-Herald. During more than fifty years of that time,. the Circleville Democrat and Watchman had but one editor, A. R. Van Cleaf, deceased, and Mr. Chappelear is the thirteenth in the list of editors of the Union-Herald during that period. His paper has always been either whig or republican in politics, and in its pages has announced with enthusiasm the election of seven Ohio sons to the presidency: William Henry Harrison, Ulysses S. Grant, Rutherford B. Hayes, James A. Garfield, Benjamin Harrison, William Howard Taft and Warren G. Harding. Charles C. Chappelear was born at Thornville, in Perry County, Ohio, March 18, 1861, son of Charles C. and Elizabeth E. Chappelear. He was educated in public schools, was a teacher from 1881 to 1888 in Pickaway County, and in 1889 graduated from the law department of the University of Michigan. In October of that year he was admitted to the bar, and began practice in Ross County in 1890, but in October of the following year came to Circleville. He practiced law until February 1, 1903, when he was appointed postmaster of the city and about the same time became the sole proprietor of the Union-Herald. He served as postmaster from 1903 to 1915, during the administrations of Roosevelt and Taft. In 1920 he was elected a member of the State Senate and reelected in 1922, serving in the Eighty-fourth and Eighty-fifth Assemblies. In the Eighty-fourth he was chairman of the committee on public printing and in the Eighty-fifth was chairman of the committee on county affairs. He was author of the bill authorizing the Board of Trustees of Ohio State University to settle and adjust their contractual relations and property rights and obligations to and with the Protestant Hospital Association, and to dispose of certain real estate. He was also author of the bill granting the state through the highway department authority to assist, to the extent of fifty per cent or less, in building bridges in municipalities on inter-county or main worked roads. He also introduced a bill and secured an appropriation for the treatment and permanent cure of the historic "Logan Elm" in Pickaway County, which, perhaps, now that the famous Washington Elm in New England is gone. is the most celebrated tree in the United States. Under its branches the Mingo Chief Logan made his famous speech. Mr. Chappelear has been chairman of the County Republican Committee, member of the State Central Committee and otherwise prominent in the republican party. November 24, 1884, he married Miss Nellie White, daughter of Dr. T. F. White, of Williamsport, Pickaway County. One son was born to their marriage, Thornton White. WILLIAM H. HOOVER is chairman of the Board of the Hoover Company at North Canton. This is undoubtedly one of the most. successful manufacturing enterprises in the state. Among the various types of suction cleaners, the Hoover .both on its merits and by skillful advertising has kept at the front and has outlived many rival competitors and probably has a more extensive sale and distribution than any other cleaning device for the home. Mr. Hoover represents a pioneer family of Stark County, the Hoovers being of Pennsylvania Dutch stock and coming to Ohio in 1827. He was born on a farm two miles east of North Canton, August 18, 1849, son of Daniel and Mary (Kryder) Hoover. His father was a farmer and later a tanner. The three sons were William H., J. W. Hoover and Frank K. Hoover. Reared at the home farm and early showing 'a marked tendency for mechanical work, William H. Hoover was educated in the neighboring schools until he was, seventeen, and then entered Mount Union Col- lege. While attending college he also taught nearby district schools. In 1870 he engaged in the tanning business, he and his brother J. W. Hoover buying out their father's stock and tanning equipment, which was located on their father 's farm. Two years later, when his brother decided to study engineering, Mr. Hoover bought his share of the business and assumed full responsibility for its development. He immediately enlarged the enterprise by establishing a store for the sale of harness. About this time the tannery and store were moved from the farm to North Canton, and Mr. Hoover has been continuously a resident of that village for half a century. He next began the manufacture of horse collars, and ten years later another department was added for the manufacture of patent leather saddlery. Out of this was developed a general line of saddlery goods. The manufacturing facilities were constantly crowded as the older lines became more established and the manufacturing and distributing problems solved. The business was one that employed about 200 persons. The W. H. Hoover Company was organized in 1903, taking over the various leather goods activities. Of this incorporation Mr. Hoover was elected president and his son, H. W. Hoover, elected vice president. This company continued in business until January, 1919, at which time all of the resources and man power of the parent company were put into the Hoover Suction Sweeper Company. Mr. Hoover has been manufacturing suction cleaners for over sixteen years. He organized and incorporated the Hoover Suction Sweeper Company in 18 - HISTORY OF OHIO 1908. At this time F. G. Hoover became active head of the leather goods business and the older son, H. W. Hoover, became general manager of the new corporation. The suction sweeper manufactured was invented and patented by Mr. J. M. Spangler, of Canton. In addition to the main plant at North Canton, the Hoover Company has manufacturing facilities in Canada, and the. Hoover machine is sold and distributed by thousands of authorized agents over the United States and Canada, and there is also a large export trade. Mr. Hoover is not only a successful business man, but has shown a keen interest in every phase of social, religious and political activities, and has given generously of his time and means in community development and improvement. He assisted in the construction and became president of the Canton & Akron Electric Railway.. He served for many years as a member of the school board of New Berlin. As a member of the church he has been faithful to his task as an elder and Sunday school superintendent. In the practice of his creed of citizenship he has regarded it as important to do the helpful thing or say the helpful word at every opportunity. In North Canton a large community house in which the activities of the community are carried on stands as a monument to his generosity. His employes know him as the "boss," and the designation fits him because in every sense he has always sought to guide the business by direction and counsel and active participation. On November 21, 1871, he married Miss Susan Troxel, of Plain Township, Stark County, daughter of Peter and Catherine Troxel. Six children were born to their marriage: Alice,- who died .at the age of six years; Mary, who became the wife of H. C. Price, secretary of the Hoover Company; Carrie, who died in 1906, wife of George C. Berkey; Herbert W., who is now president and general manager of the Hoover Company; Frank, who married Edna Seiler, and Daniel P., who married Clarice Schiltz. LOUIS F. MILLER, present Ohio State fire marshal, has been deputy sheriff of 'Franklin County, and was also formerly a deputy United States marshal. His record of efficiency in such positions is well known and has commended him to those interested in adequate enforcement of the law. As an official it has been his distinction to have exercised no class or race discrimination whatever in his pursuits and arrest of persons accused of crime. Mr. Miller was born in Columbus in 1886, son of Frank and Eva (Thedo) Miller. His father was also born at Columbus, where the Millers are one of the older families. Louis F. Miller was educated in public schools, and as a young man he was attracted into public official service. He was deputy sheriff of the county under Sheriff Slack. His service as chief deputy United States marshal for the Southern District of Ohio, with offices at Columbus, continued for five years. February 1, 1923, Governor Vic Donahey appointed him state fire marshal. This is one of the important offices in the state government. He has supervision of all the agencies directed toward fire prevention and the curtailing of the heavy loss to life and property on account of fire. Mr. Miller has made a close study for some years of fire prevention and control methods and means. It is his ambition during his present term to have adopted so far as, possible a system of standard fire equipment throughout the state. His office also has jurisdiction in matters relating to the inspection of buildings, building restrictions, safety and prevention devices. He has a force of thirty deputies located in various cities and counties of the state. Mr. Miller is well known fraternally, and is affiliated with the Elks, Moose, Eagles, Woodmen and other organizations. DAVID E. PUTNAM, the banker and real estate man of Columbus, represents one of the first American families established in Ohio. His own career has been one of exceptional length and activity. His home has been in Columbus nearly sixty years, since he came out of the Union Army. Mr. Putnam was born at Jersey, in Licking County, February, 1842. His grandfather, David Putnam, was a grandson of Israel Putnam, whose exploits as a leader of the patriot forces in the Revolution are known to every American school boy. It will be recalled that the Putnam family was identified with the original colony planted in Ohio, at Marietta. David. E. Putnam is a son of Rev. Charles M. and Abbie (Edgerton) Putnam. His father was a minister of the Presbyterian Church and for many years a leader in that denomination in Ohio. David E. Putnam acquired most of his higher education in Marietta College. He left college during his junior year to go into the Union service, volunteering in Company D of the Ninety-second Ohio Infantry. He served as sergeant, adjutant and then as first lieutenant. As first lieutenant he had command of his company in the Battle of Chickamauga, September 19-20, 1863. He was then twenty and a half years of age. It was his last important service • as a soldier. He was severely wounded, losing the temporary use of his foot, and therefore incapacitated for further field duty during the war. Mr. Putnam 'began his period in Columbus the 1st day of May, 1864, as bookkeeper in the mercantile house of J. D. Osborn. This subsequently became the firm Osborn, Kershaw & Company. Mr. Putnam was with this firm eleven. years. Following that he was in the carpet business as a member of the firm. Kershaw, Krauss & Putnam. For two years he was cashier in the office of the state treasurer. In 1884 Mr. Putnam engaged in the real estate business, individually until his son Elmore D. Putnam joined him as junior partner, and since then - the firm has been D. E. and E. D. Putnam, real estate. The firm are specialists in handling Columbus business property. Mr. Putnam was one of the original stockholders of the Commercial National Bank of Columbus, which was organized in 1881, and has held stock in that institution now for more than forty years. For many. years he was vice president of the bank. This is one of the strongest banks in the state, with resources of over $11,000,000. Mr. Putnam has been an elder in the Presbyterian Church for over half a century, his membership being in the Central Church at Columbus. He has been treasurer of the Ohio Presbyterian Synod since 1890, and from 1904 to 1919 was a member of the Board of Trustees of Marietta College. He is a member of the military orders of the Loyal Legion and Grand Army of the Republic. His first wife was Addie Wheeler, of Marietta. She was the mother of his oldest son, Elmore D. Putnam. His second wife was Sue E. Ramsey, of Lisbon, Ohio. She died in 1900, and is survived by two sons, John F. Putnam, a successful business man of Oregon, Illinois, and David A. Putnam of St. Paul, Minnesota. CARL J. WEST, agricultural statistician for Ohio, representing the Federal Bureau of Agricultural Economics and the State Department of Agriculture, with offices in the Federal Building at Columbus, is an Ohio man who in his early youth was attracted HISTORY OF OHIO - 19 towards mathematical studies and later turned his attention to statistics. For six years he was assistant professor of mathematics at the Ohio State University, and then was in -charge of the division of market statistics of the United States Department of Agriculture at Washington, • transferring from this work back to Ohio in April, 1921. He was born on a farm near Martinsville, not far from the old homestead of his great-great-grandfather, Owen West, February 25, 1885, son of James Frank and Elva Leaf West. His first American ancestor was John W. West, who came to Pennsylvania, near what is now Swarthmore, about 1715. Joseph was the eldest son of John and lived most of his life in Pittsylvania County, Virginia. His third son was Owen, who moved to Highland County about 1805, and the next year to a farm on the banks of the east fork of the Little Miami River, between Martinsville and Lynchburg. Owen West took up 1,300 acres of Government land, 100 acres for each of his thirteen children. The eighth son of Owen was James, who lived on the old homesite and his son James was the father of James Frank West. Carl J. West is an alumnus of Ohio State University, where he took his Bachelor of Arts degree in 1908 and his Master of Arts in 1909. He later attended post-graduate work at Cornell University, where he received the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in 1915, specializing in the science of statistics. He is the author of "An Introduction to Mathematical Statistics," published in 1918 and "recognized as a standard textbook on statistics. He is also a frequent contributor to agricultural papers on topics of economies and statistics of interest to agriculture. As agricultural statistician Doctor West has charge of the preparation of all crop statistics for Ohio, including the monthly forecasts issue throughout the growing season. Reporting to his office are about 2,500 voluntary crop reporters in all pans of the state. Doctor West is a member of the societies of Phi Beta Kappa and Sigma Xi. He is also a Knight Templar Mason and a member of Aladdin Temple, Ancient Arabic Order Nobles of the Mystic. Shrine, and of the Congregational Church. He married, August 19, 1910, Edith Mitchell of Huron County. They have two children, Josephine and Carl Joseph, Jr. SEBA H. MILLER. One of the best known figures in the bench and bar of Ohio is Seba H. Miller, present clerk of the Supreme Court at Columbus. He was deputy of that court for fifteen years, and out of his long experience in office and as a practicing attorney he wrote a volume on "Supreme Court Practice," which is regarded by attorneys as the best exposition of the involved procedure in the Ohio Supreme Court since the adoption of the present constitution. Mr. Miller was appointed clerk of the Supreme Court November 28, 1922. He became deputy clerk in April, 1907, under James G. Obermeyre. He held that position under the succeeding clerks, John S. McNutt, Frank McKean and W. C. Lawrence. Mr. Miller was admitted to the Ohio bar at Springfield in June, 1905. He was graduated .from Wittenberg College at Springfield in 1901. He was born at Farmersville in Montgomery County, Ohio, July 'I., 1879, and represents a pioneer family of the state. His father, J. C. Miller, was brought to Ohio by his father, Eli Miller, during the Civil war times. The mother of Seba A. Miller was a granddaughter of Abram Swartsel, first settler in Jackson Township, Montgomery County, where he located about the year 1800 when arriving from Pennsylvania.. Mr. Seba H. Miller married Miss Alta L. Day. They have three children, Ralph, Gwendolyn and Carlton. FRANCIS E. MYERS, whose death occurred at his home in the City of Ashland, on the 2d of December, 1923, was a man whose life justified itself in its every relation. His splendid stewardship was shown not only in his service in the upbuilding of a great industrial enterprise, and in his great loyalty to his home city and county, where his was assured leadership in both civic and material progress, but also in the objective generosity, benevolence and philantropy that betokened the strong and noble nature and personality of the man. He and his brother Philip A. were associated closely, and with remarkable coordination of thought and action, in the development of the largest and most important industrial enterprise of its kind in the -world, and that this enterprise. has meant much as touching the commercial prestige and social prosperity of the City of Ashland need scarcely be said. In this city is situated the great pump and hay-tool manufactory of F. E. Myers & Brother, and of the far-reaching industrial enterprise thus represented the subject of this memoir continued the executive head until the close of his long and useful life. As captain of industry, financier, loyal and liberal Citizen and man of intrinsic nobility of character Francis E. Myers had no minor distinction of greatness in thought, sentiment, service and achievement, and this history of his native commonwealth 'properly accords to him a tribute of appreciation and honor. Francis E. Myers was a native son of Ashland County and a representative of one of its sterling pioneer families. He was born on his father ,s farm in Perry Township, this county, March 16, 1849, and was the eldest in a family of nine children, of whom six are living at the time of this writing, in the summer of 1924. He was a son of George and Elizabeth (Mori.) Myers; and a grandson of Jacob and Mary (Stein) Myers. Jacob Myers was born and reared in Muhlbach, Germany, and came to America in the year 1748. He purchased a large tract of land in what is now Center County, Pennsylvania, where he instituted the reclamation of a farm and where his nine children were born. He finally came with his family to Ohio and became a pioneer farmer in Ashland County, where he and his wife passed the remainder of their lives. George Myers was reared to manhood in Ashland County, and early gained full fellowship with pioneer farm enterprise. He had exceptional .mechanical ability, and found much requisition for his service as a carpenter and general worker in wood, the while he also gave his attention to the management of his excellent farm, about six miles east of the City of. Ashland. In this connection it is interesting to record that George Myers did the wood. work on the first wagon built by the Studebakers, who later developed, at South Bend, Indiana, one of the world's greatest wagon manufactories. George Myers was one of the substantial, unassuming and uniformly respected and honored citizens of Ashland County, and' here he and his wife continued to maintain their home until their death. Francis E. Myers passed the period of his childhood and early youth on the home farm and in the meanwhile availed himself of such advantages as were afforded in the district schools of the locality and period. Apropos of his early educational limitations are the following singificant statements that appeared in the Ashland Times-Gazette at the time of his death: "He stood as an excellent example of the American gentleman of rugged health, fine physique and strong mind, while his contact with the world 20 - HISTORY OF OHIO brought him the polish many acquired in schools of learning. He was charitable, kindly and easily approached, and had the rare faculty of putting one immediately at ease in his presence. His was a handsome face because of its strong character, good features and the humorous twinkle in his eyes. All Ashlanders and everyone else who knew Mr. Myers honored him for the wonderful things he accomplished, and admired and appreciated him for his genuine personal worth. He stood first in the hearts of the people in his home city. The life history of such a man is one that can not fail to prove of interest, for the world pays its tribute of admiration and respect to him who accomplished large things without assistance. and by honorable methods." At the age of twenty-two years Mr. Myers found employment as clerk in the dry-goods store of M. B. Parmaley at Ashland, and about a year later he became a saleman of farm machinery. In 1875 he here established, on a very modest scale, an independent business as a dealer in agricultural implements, and in this connection he sold plows manufactured by the Bucher & Gibbs Plow Company of Canton, Ohio, by which he was finally called. into service as a traveling salesman, a position in which he made a characteristically successful record. In 1879 his brother Philip A. perfected his first important invention, a double-acting force pump, and secured on the same a patent. Francis E. Myers had faith in the invention thus devised by his brother, and the two became associated in the manufacturing of the new type of pumps, which were assembled in the Myers implement establishment after the castings had been made in other cities. The skillful service of Philip A. Myers, the inventor, and the progressive executive policies of Francis E. Myers soon gained to the new pump a popular recognition that resulted in the continuous expansion of the business, so that, in 1885, the firm of F. E. Myers & Brother erected the first unit of what has become the largest manufacturing plant of its kind in the world. Of direct interest in this connection are the following quotations: " There is probably no better example of two brothers who worked together during the development of a great industry that Philip A. and Francis E. Myers, the one a mechanical genius and the other endowed with great executive and administrative ability. They formed a partnership many years ago (F. E. Myers & Brother), and it was not until July, 1921, that the gigantic industrial enterprise was incorporated under the present title, the F. E. Myers & Brother Company. F. E. Myers did not owe his Success to any esoteric methods, but to close application, unremitting energy and keen discrimination. He was. at the head of the largest plant in the world manufacturing pumps and hay tools exclusively, plant that turns out a complete implement every half minute during working hours the year around. The Myers concern is one of the most remarkable developments of the age—a poor farm boy with little education who with the help of a brother developed the mammoth plant and business." The annual volume of business controlled by this great Ashland concern now runs into the millions, and approximately 30,000 dealers, all over the world, handle the products of the great Myers factories. Agencies are maintained in all the important European countries, in Central and Sounth America, and in South Africa, India,. Japan and Australia. Francis E. Myers not only gained prestige as one of America’s leading captains of industry, but also found time and opportunity to advance other business enterprises than the, one of which he was executive head, and to fulfill his stewardship by worthy and liberal support of agencies and measures making for communal prosperity and for national advancement. At the time of his death he was president of the Cleveland, Southwestern & Columbus Railroad; a director of the Nickel Plate Railroad; a director of the Union Trust Company and the Guarantee Title & Trust Company of Cleveland; president of the First National Bank of Ashland; a director of the Faultless Rubber Company; and associated with other important corporations. He was chairman of the Ohio Commission of the Panama-Pacific Exposition, at which he served on the international jury awards. At the time of his death he was chairman of the board of trustees of Wittenberg College at Springfield, to the support and advancement of which he and his brother Philip made liberal contribution. He made also a large donation' to. Ashland College, and no worthy movement advanced for the general good of the community failed to received his loyal and constructive support. Mr. Myers never consented to become a candidate for political office of any kind, notwithstanding many importunities made in this connection. In politics he was a democrat. He was affiliated with the Masonic fraternity, including Ashland Lodge No. 151, Free and Accepted Masons, and the Commandery of Knights Templar at Mansfield, besides which he had membership in the Mystic Shrine. He was a valued member of the Ashland Chamber of Commerce, the local Rotary Club and Colonial Club, and was affiliated with Ashland Lodge, Benevolent and Protective Order of Elks. He and his wife were earnest communicants of the Lutheran Church: With his brother Philip, his honored and valued coworker, he presented to Ashland a tract of thirty acres for park purposes. He had full appreciation of the responsibility which success imposes, and manifested this in his earnest support of charitable and philanthropic agencies and service, even with characteristice modesty. The great Ashland Industry which he and his brother founded has been in continuous operation more than forty years, has never had a shutdown on account of financial panic or labor troubles,, and affords employment to fully 1,000 workers. Like most other men of great achievement, Mr. Myers had special power of selection and concentration, and justice characterized his every thought and action throughout the 'entire course of his long and admirable career. On the 18th of January, 1871, was solemnized the marriage of Mr. Myers and Miss Alavesta Hohenshil, and she preceded him to the life eternal, her death having occurred March 28, 1923, and he having passed away on the 2d of the following December, at the age of seventy-four years and eight months. Mr. and Mrs. Myers are survived by three children: Mary, the wife of Frederick L. Parker, of Westfield, Massachusetts; Helen A. the wife of T. W. Miller, of Ashland; and John C., who has been closely associated with the great industrial enterprise founded by his father and uncle and who has assumed much of the executive responsibility since the death of his father. There were three other children: Charles, who died in infancy; Miss Katherine E., who died in Florence, Italy, in March, 1906, while absent from home on a European tour ; and George Jay, whose death occurred in August, 1915. Mrs. Myers earnestly seconded her husband in charitable and philanthropic service, and to her Ashland is indebted for the nurses, home of the Samaritan Hospital. As supplemental to this memoir may well be taken the brief review of the career of Philip A-. Myers, as appearing on other pages of this work, the two brothers having been the strongest of coadjutors and having ever maintaind a perfect fraternal and business harmony in the upbuilding of the great industry with which their names must ever be linked. HISTORY OF OHIO - 21 PHILIP A. MYERS. On other pages of this publication appears a memorial tribute to the late Francis E. Myers, and to that review reference should be made for an outline of the great achievement of the two brothers, Francis E. and Philip A. Myers, of whom the subject of the sketch here presented is the one who remains to carry forward the service of the gigantic industrial institution in the upbuilding of which they were coadjutors—that now conducted under the corporate title of the F. E. Myers & Brother Company. This is the most important industrial concern of the City of Ashland, besides being the largest of its specific kind in the world. In the alliance of the two brothers it may consistently be said that if there were need at any stage of a potentiality which one brother might lack, the other was sure to supply it, and a more admirable correlation and coordination of thought and action is not to be found in the annals of America ,s industrialism. Francis E. Myers proved the resourceful executive, and Philip A. Myers has the inventive genius and constructive ability that were equally potent in the development of the industry of the firm and corporation that have made history for Ashland County and its judicial center. Philip A. Myers, like his brother, was born on the old homestead farm in Perry Township, Ashland County, and the date of his birth was August 14, 1853. Due record concerning the family history is given in the sketch of the career of his brother Francis E., elsewhere in this publication. While he did not neglect the discipline that was to be gained in the district schools of his native county, Philip A. Myers had no lack of early fellowship with the arduous work of the farm., but no stress of circumstances could, curb his'interest in mechanics, in which he gave youthful evidence of special natural talent. On his inventions have been based the operations that have brought to the F. E. Myers & Brother Company precedence as the world ,s greatest manufacturing concern in the producing of pumps of varied types, and mechanisms for the handling of hay, as well as various other machines and accessories. The products of this great Ashland manufactory are shipped to every part of the civilized world, and are used in every country where water is 'pumped or hay unloaded. The output includes hand and wind-mill pumps, electric house-pumps, spray pumps, cylinders, hay-unloading tools and machinery, door-hangers, gate-hangers, lawn and porch swings, etc. Philip A. Myers as a boy and youth gave punctilious care to all mechanical contrivances on the home farm, and it was due to his effective interposition that the Myers farm gained' local fame as a place where' every gate worked automatically. His enthusiasm as a mechanic and inventor found expression in his efforts to improve the workings of the farm machinery, and this early discipline fostered his inventive genius. His first important invention was the double-acting force pump, and it was in the exploiting of this device that the present F.- E. Myers & Brother Company had its inception and inspiration. By reason of the information appearing in the Francis E. Myers memoir in this work it is unnecessary here to .enter further into details concerning the development of the great industrial and commercial enterprise controlled by this corporation, but it should be stated that Philip A. Myers has been at all stages and times the presiding genius of the factory operations, from the modest inception to the present extensive manufacturing plant, and that his inventive ability has found countless outlets in advancing the scope and importance of operations. He has taken out a total of about one hundred patents, and is still at, the helm in the general supervision of factory operations, besides which he has been the president of the company since the death of the former incumbent, his brother Francis E. Aside from his activity in connection with the company of which he is now executive head Mr. Myers is also vice president of the Faultless Rubber Company and the First National Bank, both of Ashland ; president 'of the Chase Foundry & Manufacturing Company of Columbus, Ohio ; director of the Union Trust Company of Cleveland, Ohio, the Security Life Insurance Company of America in Chicago, and the Pocono Rubber Cloth Company, Trenton, New Jersey ; and is financially interested in a number of other important business corporations. The political allegiance of Mr. Myers is given to the democratic party, and he has long been an earnest and liberal communicant of Trinity Lutheran Church in Ashland, in the affairs of which his noble wife was earnestly concerned until the time of her death. His basic Masonic affiliation is with Ashland Lodge No. 151, Ancient Free and Accepted Masons, in the City of Mansfield he has membership in the Commandery of Knights Templar, and he is a •ember also of the Mystic Shrine. In his home city he is a member of Ashland Lodge, Benevolent and Protective Order of Elks, the Chamber of Commerce and the Rotary Club. He is a member of the Union Club in the City of Cleveland, and in the national metropolis he has membership in the Ohio Society of New York. It is worthy of special note that for a quarter of a century Mr. Myers was chief of the old volunteer fire department of Ashland, his administration having been one of most loyal and effective order, and his service in this connection being a matter of pleasing memory to him. Mr. Myers has the indwelling human sympathy, and kindliness that make for helpfulness, and while his benefactions have been many they have invariably been unostentatious, with the result that it is virtually impossible to gain from him any details concerning the same. He has, however, done much to advance the communal wellbeing of his home city, and it may Specially be noted that he gave to the local Young Men,s Christian Association for athletic purposes seven acres of valuable land in the heart of Ashland. Of genial and buoyant temperament, Mr. Myers has found enjoyment in both work and recreation, and by very reason 'of his personality has won loyal friends on every .side. He has done well his part as a loyal, liberal and progressive citizen of Ashland, and this city honors him as one of the most influential of the native sons of Ashland County, where he has lived and wrought right gallantly and right successfully. The domestic chapter in the life history of Philip A. Myers was marked by ideal relations, and the great loss and bereavement of his life was that entailed when his gracious and devoted wife was summoned to eternal rest, her death having occurred June 18, 1923, and her memory being revered by all who came within the, compass of her gentle and kindly influence. On the 31st of December, 1878, was solemnized the marriage of Mr. Myers and Miss Samantha Alice Chase, who was born in Stark County, Ohio, May 5, 1854, a daughter of James Ezra and Jane (Doty) Chase, the family having moved from Stark County to a farm in Jackson Township, Ashland County, in February, 1862, and Mrs. Myers having here been reared to maturity. In the spring of 1879 Mr. and Mrs. Myers established their home in the City of Ashland, and' here she passed the remainder of her life. Mrs. Myers was a woman who in her gentle life ever trailed the Beatitudes in her train, and she ever found opportunity for loving service in home and community. From a tribute that appeared at the time of her death are taken, with minor paraphrase, the following quotations: "Mrs. Myers 22 - HISTORY OF OHIO has been held in highest honor and esteem throughout this community where she has been so well known. She was a woman of unusual intelligence and artistic taste, very well read and well informed on literature and current topics. She was always interested in matters pertaining to the public welfare, and ever ready to help. * * Mrs. Myers was always kind and thoughtful of others with a welcome for all, no matter what their station in life might be, while her Christian faith was steady and strong, simple but positive, without any wavering. She was constant and liberal in her gifts to the church and its work, while her benefactions to the community were many, though usually unknown to the public. Mrs. Myers, departure is mourned not only in the home, of which she was the light, but also in the local church circles, in the community at large, and among her fellow workers and friends outside of Ashland." Mrs. Myers was one of the most loyal supporters of the Ashland Public Library, and was a member of its book committee at the time of her death. She was a charter member of the local Chautauqua Reading Circle, and was active in its affairs after it became the Friday Club. She was a member of the Bible Study Club and was affiliated with the Order of the Eastern Star. 'She gave five years of service as secretary of the Tuscarawas Classis of the Reformed Church, and after their removal to Ashland she and her husband became active members of Trinity Lutheran Church, of which she was a loved and zealous communicant at the time of her death. She and her husband gave to this church the beautiful chancel window, "The Last •Supper," as a memorial to their daughter Grace. She was associated with Mrs. Francis E. Myers in bearing the expense of fitting up the choir room of the church, and for many years she was president of the Woman ,s Missionary Society of her church. From 1897 to 1902 she was the corresponding secretary of the missionary society of the East Ohio Lutheran Synod, and she was president of the same-in the period of 1902-4, besides having been several times a delegate to the general society of the Lutheran Church. To Mr. and Mrs. Myers were born two children, Guy Chase Myers and Grace, the latter of whom died at the age of eight years. Within a short time after the death of her daughter Mrs. Myers took into her home her niece, Nellie Chase, then four years of age, and this foster daughter, whose mother had recently died, was reared and educated under the loving and solicitous care of Mrs. Myers, she being now the wife of Neil Bowman. The son, Guy Chase Myers, has become actively. associated with the business of the F. E. Myers & Brother Company, and is one of its vice presidents. IVOR HUGHES has been in the practice of law at Columbus for half a century, and in rounding out a career of this length his achievement as a lawyer serves to rank him among the ablest of his contemporaries. Mr. Hughes is a native of Wales, born at Newport, South Wales, September 13, 1846. His parents, Thomas and Ann (Jones) Hughes, came to the United States in 1850, and were pioneer settlers in Iowa. Ivor Hughes had an Iowa farm as his early environment, and like all Hawkeye boys of that period had to work for anything beyond the plain and simple existence of a rural community. In 1869, when he' was twenty-two years of age, he graduated from the Iowa State University, and for a number of terms taught school while reading law. Coming. to Columbus in 1873, he was admitted to the Franklin County bar, and immediately began his work in the profession and in a few years had earned a noteworthy reputation as a trial lawyer. He has always been engaged in general practice. He was counsel for defendants in two of the most notable murder cases in this section of Ohio. One was that against Michael Helmlich, who was charged with the murder of William Dill. The trial lasted twenty-nine days and resulted in acquittal. The other case was that against Byrne, charged with the murder of a friend on High Street in• Columbus, and Mr. Hughes secured a verdict of acquittal on evidence introduced by the prosecution. For fifteen years Mr. Hughes was commissioner of the Court of Common Pleas for Franklin County. He has long been a conspicuous member of the Independent Order of Odd Fellows, joining that order in 1881, as a member of Geneva Lodge No. 474. For six years he was a member of the committee of appeals in the Grand Lodge, and in 1899 served as Grand Master, that term being marked by unusual growth in the order. At the Grand Lodge session of the Grand Lodge of Ohio, held in May, 1900, at Marietta, he was presented with a gold Grand Master 's jewel. He served as a representative from Ohio in the Sovereign Grand Lodge, Independent Order of Odd Fellows, in 1903-4-5-6, as a member of. the Committee on Appeals. Judge Hughes married, November 8, 1870, Miss Addie J. Rhodes, who died in 1891. On December 12, 1895, he married Emma R. Griffin. JOHN K. KENNEDY has been actively associated with the legal profession at Columbus for the past fifteen years. In addition to a private practice his name figures in public affairs as a former police prosecutor. Mr. Kennedy was born in February, 1887, on the old Kennedy homestead farm in Perry Township of Franklin County. This property was settled by his, great-grandfather, John Kenny, in 1819. One of his descendants, Mrs. Hannah M. Kennedy, still resides there. John Kenny was of Scotch ancestry and had many of the characteristics of the Scotch. He was a leader in the Old Union Reformed. Church, a leading house that is still standing, having been erected in 1852. John K. Kennedy was educated at Columbus, completing a high school course and graduating in law in 1909. Beginning in 1916 he served three years as police prosecutor. During that time he handled a total of 23,000 cases. The law firm of Hamilton & Kennedy, of which he is junior partner, has an extensive general practice. Mr. Kennedy is a thirty-second degree Scottish Rite Mason and Shriner. He is a member of the Kappa Sigma College Fraternity, the Young Business Men,s Club, the First Congregational Church, the University Club and the Young Men,s Christian Association Business Men,s Club. He married Miss Anna M. Long, who for some years was assistant to the state librarian at Columbus. They have two children, Marjorie and Roger D. ISAAC B. HARRIS, M. D. To give all the service within the measure of his individual powers and time and energies as a skilled surgeon has been the chief ambition of Dr. Isaac B. Harris of Columbus. However, he has become known in public affairs and has been a resident of the state capital for over twenty. years. Doctor Harris was born in Noble County, Ohio, January 18, 1873. His grandfather, Israel Harris, came from the northern part of. Virginia to Ohio, and as a pioneer took up land from the Government, the patent to his 160-acre farm having been issued in 1823 by President J. Q. Adams. He lived there and worked to develop a farm and died in middle life. His son Israel was born, lived and died on the same farm, passing away in his fifty-ninth year. HISTORY OF OHIO - 23 His wife was Martha Ann Reed, of a pioneer family of Guernsey. County, Ohio. It is related that her grandfather, finding a bear among his hogs, attacked the animal with fists and feet and sueceeding in making it take to a tree, where it was shot. Dr. Isaac B. Harris was born and spent his boyhood days on the old homestead which had been improved from. the wilderness by his father and grandfather. He attended high school at Batesville, and in 1900 graduated from Starling Medical. College at Columbus. Since then he has remained in the capital city, devoting his attention to a practice that has been more and more in the surgical field. He is a member of the surgical staff of the Grant, the St. Francis and the Macy hospitals at Columbus. A democrat in politics, Doctor Harris was appointed by the republican Governor Davis as a member of the Board of Administration. He is a member of the Athletic Club. He has been a Mason for many years. Was made a Scottish Rite and a . Shriner in 1911, and has been an Elk for eight years. Doctor Harris married Miss Ann Eliza Oliver, of Corry, Pennsylvania. Their three children are: Martha Ann, William Burt and Mary Willard. A. B. PECKINPAUGH, head of the public auditing division in the auditor of state’s office at Columbus, has had many years of experience and training in auditing work and is regarded as a man of encyclopedic knowledge of everything pertaining to the accounting service of Ohio's counties, townships and school districts. Mr. Peckinpaugh's grandfather, Adam Peckinpaugh, came from West Virginia to Ohio in 1821, settling permanently in the northern part of Wayne County. His son, Thomas W. Peckinpaugh, was an able and well known attorney of the Wooster bar for fifty years. He was elected a member of the State Legislature in the early ,70s. He also held the office of county auditor, the same office that later was held by two of his sons, A. B. Peckinpaugh becoming county auditor six years after the expiration of his brother, Thomas E. Peckinpaugh's term. Thomas W. Peckinpaugh was a justice of the peace for a number of years, and died at the advanced age of eighty-four. A. B. Peckinpaugh after completing his education in Eastman,s Business College at Poughkeepsie, New York, became deputy county auditor under his brother Thomas E. He served under his brother's successor, and then was elected county auditor. In 1903 State Auditor W. D. Guilbert put Mr. Peckinpaugh in charge of the public auditing division of the state auditor ,s department, his fellow members of the public auditing division being Joseph T. Tracy and Mr. Fullington. For two years, in 1911-13, Mr. Peckinpaugh was an employe of the state tax commission, but when Vic Donahey became state auditor he was made chief deputy. Five months later Governor Cox named Mr. Peckinpaugh a member of the State Tax Commission, in May, 1913, and he was a member of that commission for eight years. When Mr. Tracy was elected state auditor he called Mr. Peckinpaugh to take charge of the public auditing division of the office. At the present time Mr. Peckinpaugh and one other man, A. H. Foster, comprise this division. His particular duties require the examination of all township, county and school offices, and there is a force of about one hundred clerks and examiners and others connected with this division. Mr. Peckinpaugh married Miss Ella M. West, a native of Connecticut, and before her marriage a resident of Akron. They have two sons, Charles W., who is in the wholesale grocery business at Toledo and is married and has four sons; and Robert T., a salesman in Columbus. COLUMBUS AUTOMOBILE CLUB. A reliable index of the remarkable motor car era is found in the Columbus Automobile Club. Organized in 1903, when the motor car was still in the crude day of beginnings, chiefly a single cylinder affair, at the end of twenty years the club has a membership of 10,000 and its influence is a tremendous factor affecting everything connected with improved highways and highway traffic management. Among the most active of the original members of the club were Charles C. Janes, now secretary of the State Automobile Association; Louis Hoster, and C. D. Saviers. Mr. Saviers was then private secretary to Governor Harmon, and from the beginning has been legal adviser of the club. Originally the social features were emphasized, while in later years the primary purpose of the club is safeguarding the proper rights and privileges of the motorists. Obviously one of the constant objects of the club is . improvement of roads. The service reaches almost every need of the motorist, including free legal advice, touring information, mechanical first aid, and the scout cars of the club cover all important routes, so that the daily conditions of roads are always known. Road service feature insures immediate relief day or night anywhere in Ohio to any member. Another great convenience to the owners of the 50,000 cars in Franklin County is ability to secure without delay license plates at the club quarters. Legislative action on matters affecting motor traffic. has been influenced to an important degree by this and similar clubs of the state, and pernicious laws are largely held in check. Every law enacted by the last Legislature affecting motorists was supported by this club. These varied activities draw largely upon the time and energies of the present club secretary, Mr. A. 0. Rodrian. Mr. Rodrian, who was born August 22, 1892, son of an engineer who has lived in Columbus for fifty years, was educated in the grammar and high schools, also attended Culver Military Academy in Indiana, and for about six years was engaged in railroad work. For about ten years he has been identified with the Columbus Automobile Club. However, he was in service during the World war as a first lieutenant in the signal corps, spending two years in France and Germany. He became secretary of the Columbus Automobile Club October 1, 1921. CHARLES LANDON KNIGHT is equally well known in Ohio journalism and politics. He was born at Milledgeville, Georgia, June 18, 1867, son of William and Sarah (Landon) Knight, and a descendant of Saint John Knight, a soldier of Cromwell and who in 1662 came to Massachusetts. Thomas Knight, grandfather of the Akron publisher, was a prominent Georgian, and in 1837 introduced a bill in the Georgia Senate providing that the slaves of the state be freed within twenty-five years. He freed his own slaves in 1857. Charles Landon Knight finished his education in New York City, at Columbia College, where he was graduated with the Bachelor of Arts degree in 1889, and in 189T received the Bachelor of Law degree. He also studied politics and social institutions in Europe during 1891-93. Mr. Knight practiced law five years successfully at Bluefield, West Virginia, but left that profession to take a position on the Philadelphia Times under Alexander K. McClure. He was with 24 - HISTORY OF OHIO the Times from 1896 to 1900, and in 1903 became editor of the Woman's Home Companion. Mr. Knight and Maj. T. J. Kirkpatrick in 1904 bought the Beacon Journal at Akron, this paper being a successor of a line of newspapers Under different names and different ownerships, extending back to 1839. It has been published under the name of the Beacon-Journal since 1879. Mr. Knight was for a time business manager, and in 1905 bought out his partner 's interest and has since been publisher and proprietor, and has made Beacon-Journal one of the largest and most influential dailey papers in Ohio, and one of the strong influences on public opinions in the Middle West. Mr. Knight is owner of the Beacon-Journal, the Springfield Morning Sun, at Springfield, and is also a director in various banks and corporations. He owns .a large stock farm near Akron. Mr. Knight was a member of the State Central Republican Committee in 1912, and was a delegate to the National Republican Convention in 1916 and was delegate at large to the National Convention of 1924. In 1920 he was elected a member of the Sixty-seventh Congress from the Fourteenth Ohio District for the term of 1921-23, and in 1922 was republican candidate for governor. He is a member of the Akron City Club, the Portage Country Club, Fairlawn Club and Ohio Society of New York, and belongs to the Episcopal Church. Mr. Knight married, November 21, 1893, at Shenandoah, Pennsylvania; Miss Clara Irene Shively, daughter of Col. James K. Shively, who was a veteran of the Civil war. Mr. and Mrs. Knight have two children, John Shively Knight and James Landon Knight, the latter born at Akron, July 21, 1909. John Shively Knight, born October 26, 1904, earned distinction by service as a lieutenant of Infantry in France daring the World war, and on November 19, 1922, married Kathryn McLean of Massillon, Ohio. HERBERT BROOKS. The Brooks family has lived at Columbus more than a century. It was founded in Ohio by David. Brooks, a. pioneer tavern keeper. The second generation was represented by David W. Brooks, who during a long career was extremely successful in business; and honored, trusted and esteemed for the integrity of his character and his generosity and public spirit. A son of David W. Brooks is Herbert Brooks, formerly active in banking and business circles and still active in the good citizenship of Columbus. Brooks is the name of one of the oldest and most distinguished of. New England families. One of its members in another branch was the late Philip Brooks, one of the most eminent clergymen of his time. The founder of the American branch of the family was Henry Brooks, who came from England to Massachusetts in 1631, settling at Concord. He was a son of Thomas Brooks of London, England. Some of his descendants lived at Woburn and Princeton, Massachusetts. It was from Princeton, Massachusetts, that David Brooks came. to Columbus in 1817, making the journey on horseback. He established and conducted the White Horse Tavern at what is now the corner of South High and Walnut Alley, and subsequently the site of the Odd Fellows Temple. At that time Columbus was an inland village, and the Brooks family managed this tavern when the national road was completed. David Brooks married Keziah Hamlin, who was the first white child born in Columbus, being a daughter of Nathaniel and Mary (Hunter) Hamlin. A son of David and Keziah (Hamlin) Brooks, David W. Brooks, was born at Columbus, February 22, 1828, his birthplace being the Old White Horse Tavern. He grew up there, and no small part of his education was acquired from hearing the conversation of the travelers and other guests in this noted old hotel. He also attended school, and as a youth learned the printing trade in the office of the Ohio State Journal. Two of his fellow reporters were subsequently known to fame as Gen. James M. Comly and William Dean Howells. He was also employed in the Columbus postoffice, and while there continued his literary work, his first important effort being a book entitled " Ten Years Among the Mail Bags." He also wrote stories and descriptions of scenes taken from every day life, many of which were published in a magazine at Philadelphia. In 1860 the firm Brooks, Stearns & Company was organized, succeeded soon afterward by Brooks, Merion & Company. They became wholesale and retail grocery men, and the war gave a great impetus to the business and in time it surpassed in volume of trade any other similar firm in the city. In the meantime Mr. Brooks had been appointed clerk in the county auditor 's office, and in 1862 was appointed county clerk to fill out an unexpired term. He also served as deputy clerk of the Supreme Court of Ohio. He had for some years been a member of a local military company known as the Columbus Lancers, being fifer, and in that capacity went into active service in the Civil war in 1861. A sunstroke soon afterward disqualified him for further active duty. In October, 1869, he was one of the men who organized a private bank known as the Bank of Sparrow, Hines & Company. In 1878 the interests of Oliver P. Hines and David Taylor were sold to the Butler Brothers, and Mr. Brooks, having left the merchandise business, became president ,and manager of the new banking firm of Brooks, Butler & Company, serving in that capacity until his death. Many public and philanthropic interests claimed his time and cooperation. He was secretary of the executive committee that planned the arrangements to welcome Gen. U. S. Grant on his visit to the capital of his native state in December, 1879, shortly after General Grant had returned from his journey around the world. In January, 1878, David W. Brooks became a trustee of the Columbus Asylum for Insane, and was made secretary of the board. In that capacity he inaugurated an accounting sysstem which was continued for many years afterward and introduced real business system into the administrative management of the institution. While a police commissioner of Columbus David W. Brooks was a leader in the movement to erect a city prison, which was commenced in the spring of 1878, and was completed in 1880. It took the place of the disreputable "calaboose" formerly used by the city, and the new city prison for several years was regarded as the most modern example of new ideas in prison arrangement and management in the Central West. Its provisions made possible a classification of criminals and also marked a great step in advance in sanitary conditions. It is noteworthy that in his address at the formal opening of the new city prison Mr. David W. Brooks anticipated reforms that have since been instituted in the creation of a truant officer, in the establishment of an intermediate penitentiary for young criminals and even more recent a juvenile court. David W. Brooks was a Knight Templar Mason and a member of St. Paul's Episcopal Church. He died January 31, 1890. For nearly forty years he had lived in his homestead, called Rose Hill, on East Rich Street, taking his bride to that new home in 1853. This was one of the most beautiful of the older homes of the city, but after his death the property was sold and divided under the pressure of the rapid development of the city in that locality. On September 21, 1850, David Brooks married