HISTORY OF OHIO - 25 friendship with Col. Theodore Roosevelt, forming his acquaintance in 1902 at Nashville, Tennessee, when he assisted in initiating Colonel Roosevelt into the Brotherhood of Locomotive Firemen, the colonel having been made an honorary member. Mr. Abele was one of the parties who accompanied President Roosevelt on one of his tours over the United States. He figured as a principal witness in the case brought by Colonel Roosevelt against the editor of a paper at Negaunee, Michigan, and tried before Judge Richard Flanigan at Marquette, Michigan, as a result of which Colonel Roosevelt won vindication against the slanderous reports that had been in circulation concerning him for several years. Mr. Abele in 1907 was appointed a member of the Lawrence County Board of Review, being the only republican on the board. In 1914 he was appointed and rendered important service as director of public service at Ironton under Mayor A. J. Hannon. He was appointed in 1920 deputy state supervisor of elections by the secretary of state. He has many times been named as guardian, administrator and receiver of estates. Mr. Abele on December 6, 1921, was appointed postmaster by the late President Harding. It is acceded that he has made the best postmaster Ironton has ever had. No employe of the office gives more time to his duties than the postmaster himself, whose working day begins at 5 o 'clock in the morning and ends at 9 o'clock in the evening. Since 1922 he has been secretary of the Ironton Automobile Club, and he is a director of the First National Bank of Ironton and is now secretary and vice president of the Ohio Postmasters' Association. Mr. Abele married, May 30, 1892, at Ironton, Miss Sarah F. Howell, daughter of Benjamin and Elizabeth Howell. Her father was a prosperous farmer of Lawrence County. Mrs. Abele was well educated, was a teacher in the public schools for five years before her marriage, and was a woman justly loved in her home and her wide social circle. She was a worker in the Baptist Church and a teacher in the Sunday School, and a member of the Eastern Star. Her death occurred in Christ Hospital at Cincinnati, July 4, 1921. Lester J. Abele, only child of the postmaster of Ironton, is now a successful young attorney at Cleveland, and has just been nominated by the republican party as a member of the House of Representatives. He married Miss Ruth Bloss, who was a domestic science teacher in the public schools of Cleveland. They have a son, Lester J. .Tr., and a daughter, Ruth Ann. Lester J. Abele is a veteran of the World war. Before the war he was second lieutenant of Company I, Seventh Infantry Regiment, Ohio National Guard. With that organization he was mustered into the national army in October, 1917, being assigned to the 148th Infantry at Camp Sheridan, Alabama. He was commissioned second lieutenant and later promoted to first lieutenant. After nine months of training at Camp Sheridan his command was sent to Camp Lee, Virginia, a month later to Camp Stuart, and on June 23, 1918, sailed from Newport News for France, reaching Brest July 3d. After three weeks the regiment entered the service in the first sector trenches, at the front, was for seven weeks in the Baccarat sector in Alsace-Lorraine, and then engaged in the great Argonne campaign. Lieutenant Abele was in that battle four consecutive days, on September 30, 1918, being wounded by shrapnel and severely gassed. After that he was in the hospital until January 3, 1919, when he rejoined his regiment and for two months was at the Belgium seaport of Thoire, two months at Brest, and on May 28, 1919, arrived at Hoboken, New Jersey. His regiment participated in military parades in the cities of Columbus and Dayton, and at Camp Sherman Lieutenant Abele received his honorable discharge June 7, 1919. JAMES H. FORD is now the responsible head and proprietor of the Ford Seed Company of Ravenna. This is a business established by his father, and through the cooperation of father and son and later under Mr. James H. Ford himself has become one of the important seed industries in Ohio. Mr. Ford was born in Ravenna, April 30, 1864, son of Frank and Mary (Torry) Ford. His parents were both born in Massachusetts. His paternal grandfather, James Ford, spent all his life in Massachusetts. The maternal grandparents, Ripley and Lucy Torry, came to Ravenna as early settlers. Frank Ford when about twenty-two years of age, having been born in 1832, came to Ravenna, where he opened and conducted the first photographic studio in the town. He was the photographer at Ravenna during the Civil war period, and many old photographs representing people of that period and still carefully preserved were made by him. In 1870, giving up the photographic business, he bought a tract of twenty-four acres North of Ravenna and began growing vegetables and fruit and raising poultry. In this business, with its subsequent development, he continued until his death in April, 1897. His widow passed away in April, 1907, just ten years later. James H. Ford while a boy attended district schools and also the public schools at Ravenna. He graduated from high school in 1880, and then went to work with his father. His experience covers every phase of the growing of small fruit, vegetables, seeds, and the propagation of trees and shrubs. In the course of years there came a demand for their pure bred seeds of vegetables, flowers and field. When Mr. Ford took over the business after the death of his father he continued the specialization of the enterprise, and has developed a general Seed and Nursery business, devoted to the growing and distribution of all kinds of ornamental plants and shrubs, and he specializes in the production of pure bred field, garden and flower seeds. The Ford Seed Company now has a large plant, and during the busy season of the year Mr. Ford employs from ten to twelve men and from twelve to fifteen women in carrying on the business, which extends all over the United States and foreign countries. On November 4, 1885, Mr. Ford married Miss Edie Simons, who was born at Berrien Springs, Michigan, daughter of Gipson and Jane W. (Olmstead) Simons. Her parents were born in Ohio. Mr. and Mrs. Ford are active members of the First Christian Church, and he is an elder and clerk of the church board. He is a republican, a Mason and a member of the Kiwanis Club. He has long been prominent in the Patrons of Husbandry, serving as master of the Ravenna Grange, and also as secretary, and has been deputy state master of Portage County. PAUL A. YOUNG, county agriculture agent of Gallia County and a graduate of the State School of Agriculture, is a young man well trained in the technical and practical details of farming and animal husbandry. Mr. Young was born at Granger, Medina County, Ohio, February 10, 1899. His parents, Ernest J. and Delia I. (Blakesley) Young still live at their country home in Medina County, their respective parents being John and Ella J. (Baker) Young, and Cass and Margaret (Perriman) Blakesley. The Young family came from Pennsylvania to Ohio about 1803. Ernest J. Young is a farmer and interested in the local problems of his community. He is a member of 26 - HISTORY OF OHIO the school board, township trustee, and a man of very valuable influence in his locality. He and his wife have two children, Paul A, and Fay. Paul A. Young was educated in the grammar and high schools at Granger, spending one year in the municipal university at Akron, and then entered Ohio State University of Columbus, where he was graduated in the agricultural course in June, 1923. For a time he was at Portsmouth, associated with County Agent Gahm of Scioto County, but on June 23, 1923, was appointed county agent of Gallia County. He is well informed, highly educated and possesses not only knowledge, but that degree of tact necessary for successful work as a county agricultural agent. During the World war he was a member of the Students' Army Training Corps at Akron. Mr. Young married, October 14, 1922, at Columbus, Helen A. Finks, daughter of John and Clara (Acker) Finks, who are Ohio farmers. Mrs. Young is the oldest of four children, the others being John, Junior, Charles and Mary. Mr. and Mrs. Young are members of the Methodist Church. He is a Mason, a member of the Delta Theta Sigma, Military Order of Scabbard and Blade, the Townshend Agricultural Society, the Young Men's Christian Association, the Saddle and Sirloin Club, and the County Grange. CHARLES LESLIE WILLYARD. An Ohio man who has been the maker of his own destiny since boyhood and has reached a successful position in busines affairs is Charles Leslie Willyard of Ravenna. Mr. Willyard for over twenty years has been in the retail ice business, and he has developed a service to supply the City of Ravenna with this important commodity. He was born at Ravenna, April 4, 1870, son of Aaron T. and Mary (Byers) Willyard. His father was also a native of Ravenna, while his mother was born in Mahoning County, Ohio. His paternal grandparents were John and Lydia (Myers) Willyard, and the maternal grandparents were Frederick and Anna (Reichard) Byers, natives of Pennsylvania. All of them were early settlers in Ohio. Aaron T. Willyard and wife lived on a farm in the southeast corner of Ravenna Township. When Charles L. was four years of age his parents separated and when he was six years old his mother died. After that he grew up with his grandmother Byers on a farm just south of Ravenna, and in that vicinity he secured his common school education. His working experience was on the farm until lie was twenty-five, when he became an employe in a tile and brick factory. A year and a half later, on October 21, 1897, Mr. Willyard married Miss Della Siddle, who was born in Atwater Township of Portage County, daughter of Keller and Lydia (Randall) Siddle. After his marriage Mr. Willyard continued working in the brick .yard for another eighteen months, and he also did farming. It was in 1900 that he engaged in the retail ice business, supplying to domestic trade at Ravenna and with source of supply in ice houses on Mizzy Lake. He has kept up with the service at a high standard of efficiency ever since. In 1919 he bought the retail business of the Crystal Lake Ice Company, and he now handles both natural and artificial ice. To supplement his ice business, which reaches its peak in summer season, Mr. Willyard in 1918 began handling Pocahontas Coal for customers in Ravenna. He now operates an all year around service, employing an equipment of two wagons and two trucks for ice and coal delivery. On March 16, 1899, was born Warner Leslie Willyard, the older of the two sons of Mr. and Mrs. Willyard. Warner L. graduated June 21, 1921, with the Bachelor of Science degree, from Akron University, having distinguished himself as an athlete while in college, and he has since married Alta Bradford, and they have one daughter, Barbara Ann. The second son is Eldred Graydon, who was born December 9, 1902, and is a student in Akron University. Mr. Willyard is a member of the official board and a trustee of the Methodist Episcopal Church. For seven years he was a member of the School Board of Ravenna Township. In politics he is an independent democrat, and has held chairs in the lodge of Odd Fellows, is a member of the Encampment, and he and his wife are Rebekahs. EDWARD O. TRESCOTT, superintendent of schools of Ravenna, an office he has held for eighteen years, is a native Ohioan, and all his years since he graduated from college have been devoted to educational work. He was born at Marlboro, in Stark County, April 12, 1870, son of Samuel Butler and Elizabeth (Crawford) Trescott. His paternal grandfather was Clark Trescott, and his maternal grandparents were John and Catherine Crawford. The Trescotts were of old Connecticut and New England stock and pioneers in Ohio, while the Crawfords came from Pennsylvania. Samuel Butler Trescott lived for several years in Alliance, Ohio, later at Marlboro, and was a traveling salesman. Edward O. Trescott attended public schools at Marlboro, the Randolph High School, and graduated in 1891 from Hiram College. He has been a teacher or school administrator now for a third of a century. For two years he taught at St. Lawrence, South Dakota. Returning to Ohio, he was principal of the high school in Kent for two years, for ten years was superintendent of schools of Columbiana County, and in 1906 entered upon his duties as school superintendent at Ravenna. He has given Ravenna an enviable reputation among Ohio cities for the excellence of its public school system. Just recently Ravenna completed a beautiful modern high school with twenty-eight rooms. In December, 1903, Mr. Trescott married Miss Frances Boerstler, a native of Lancaster, Ohio, and daughter of Charles and Sarah (Beery) Boerstler. Mrs. Trescott died in July, 1908 the mother of three children: Samuel B., who is principal of the high school at Madison, Ohio ; Marion, a high school teacher at Springfield, Ohio; and Charles Edward, at home. In August, 1915, Mr. Trescott married Miss Margaret Long, who was born at Loudonville Ohio, daughter of Simon Peter and Alice (Marion) Long, her father a native of Loudonville and her mother, of Columbus, Ohio. Mr. and Mrs. Trescott have one daughter, Josephine Ruth. They are members of the First Christian Church, of which he is an elder. Mr. Trescott is a republican, and in Masonry, is affiliated with the Lodge, Royal Arch Chapter, Council, Knight Templar Commandery and Consistory, thirty-second degree, and has held all the offices in the lodge and chapter. He is a trustee of the Kiwanis Club, is a member of the Northeast Ohio and Ohio State Teachers' Association and the National Educational Association. He is president of the Ravenna City Examining Board. OTTO H. RIETHMAN, who for a number of years was known in Ravenna business circles as a painting contractor, is now proprietor of a coal and concrete block establishment, and is still numbered among the progressive and enterprising business men of that Portage County community. He was born at Ravenna, October 22, 1877, son of John and Sophia (Steinhouser) Riethman. His father was born in Switzerland, and after coming to this country married, at Philadelphia, Sophia (Steinhouser) Hosler, the widow of John Hosler and HISTORY OF OHIO - 27 the mother of seven children, two of whom are still living. She was born in Germany. Soon after his marriage John Riethman moved to Ravenna, Ohio. He was gifted with skill in several lines, and- for a time he followed the profession of photography and was also a farmer. He died in October, 1897, and his wife, in January, 1897. To their marriage were born two children : Matilda, of Ravenna, widow of Harry Jory, and Otto H. Otto H. Riethman had a public school education through only the early years of his boyhood. He was earning his own living at farm work when twelve years old, and at the age of fourteen he began an apprenticeship in the paint department of the Merts & Riddle Coach & Hearse Company. He was with that firm continuously for twelve and one half years, and then engaged in business for himself as a house painter, and after three years took up contracting, in 1906. As a paint contractor he did an extensive business in Ravenna and surrounding towns until 1921. In that year he engaged in the coal business, handling soft coal, and in the spring of 1923 hc added to his enterprise by the purchase of the J. A. Bennett Concrete Works. He has a plant making concrete blocks and other building material of concrete. His business office is opposite the Erie Railroad Station. Mr. Riethman in 1904 married Susie Smith, of Ravenna, daughter of John and Maggie Smith. By this marriage there is one daughter, Inez. In May, 1913, Mr. Riethman married Bessie Skilton, a native of Ravenna, and daughter of Elijah and Isabell Skilton. Mr. and Mrs. Riethman have four children, named, Isabell, John, Bernice and Clarence. The family are members of the Disciples Church, and he is a republican and a member of the Knights of Pythias. JOHN LEIDIGH WALTER, highway engineer for Portage County and also county surveyor, was born in Northern Ohio, and since leaving school his experience and work have been in the engineering profession, and he has gained a well deserved reputation in that field. He was born in Marlborough Township of Stark County, Ohio, March 10, 1883, son of Byron and Etha (Housley) Walter, also natives of Stark County, his father born near North Canton and his mother in Lake Township. His paternal grandparents, Samuel and Sophia (Holl) Walter, were born in Plain Township of Stark County. The maternal grandparents were also natives of the same county. Byron Walter married in Plain Township of Stark County. He had been a teacher, but after his marriage he farmed a place inherited by his wife. They now live at North Springfield in Akron. John L. Walter began his education in the schools of Marlboro, attending there for two terms, and was then in the grade schools of Canton. In June, 1899, he graduated from the high school at Greentown, Ohio. For three years he worked at Canton in the office of County Surveyor J. H. Holl, and with this practical training he entered the Ohio Northern University, taking the course of civil engineering. In the spring of 1904 Mr. Walter joined the engineering department of the Baltimore & Ohio Railroad on construction work, and was in that service four years. In the spring of 1908 he went to Wichita Falls, Texas, and became assistant city engineer in that rapidly growing city of North Texas. He left his work there and returned home on a vacation in July, 1909, and soon afterward accepted the offer to become assistant to the county surveyor of Portage County at Ravenna. His engineering work has since been confined to Portage County. In April, 1912, he was appointed resident engineer for Portage County under the Ohio State Highway Department, and has been the technical man on all work under the direction of this state department carried out in Portage County. On January 1, 1914, he was appointed county surveyor, and has held that office continuously since then by reelection. On September 16, 1909, Mr. Walter married Miss Gertrude Akers, who was born at East Akron, daughter of Henry and Ada (Jones) Akers. Her father was born in England and her mother in old Middles-burg, now a portion of the City of Akron. Mr. and Mrs. Walter had two children, William Harwood, born October 8, 1913, and George Akers, born April 17, 1916. Mr. and Mrs. Walter are members of the Congregational Church. He is a republican. He is a member Unity Lodge No. 12, Free and Accepted Masons, at Ravenna, is a Royal Arch and Knights Templar Mason, and a member of Al Koran Temple, Ancient Arabic Order Nobles of the Mystic Shrine, of Cleveland, also a member Yusef Khan Grotto of Akron. He is a member of the Knights of Pythias and a member of the Ohio Engineering Society. EDWIN W. BROUSE was born at Akron, June 2, 1879, son of Cornelius A. and Catherine (Wesener) Brouse. Graduating from high school in 1896, he attended Oberlin College, completing his literary education there in 1901 with the Bachelor of Arts degree. He then went to New York City and completed his law course in the Columbus University School of Law, graduating with the Bachelor of Laws degree in 1905. He was admitted to the New York bar in February, 1905, to the Ohio bar in June, 1905, and subsequently was admitted to practice in the Federal Courts, before which he has had much important business. For seven years he was associated in practice with Edward H. Boylan, under the firm name of Boylan & Brouse, then practiced alone for a time, and since January, 1919, has been a member of the firm Commins, Brouse, Englebeck and McDowell, with offices in the Central Savings and Trust Building. Mr. Brouse is a director in the Central Savings and Trust Company, is president of the Permanent Savings and Loan Company, and has various other business interests. In the 'early part of the World war he served as chairman of the legal advisory board for Summit County, District No. 1, and in 1918, became a private in the Forty-fourth Training Battery of Field Artillery at the Central Officers Training School at Camp Zachary Taylor, Kentucky. He received his honorable discharge in December, 1918. Mr. Brouse is a member of the Summit County, Ohio State and American Bar associations, belongs to the City and University Clubs, is a Mason, and a life member of the Ohio State Archaeological and Historical Society. He married, October 4, 1909, Miss Helen E. Fouts. She was born at McConnelsville, Ohio. They have two children, Robert C. and Mary Adelaide. CLAYTON GEORGE HARTLERODE, present county clerk of Portage County, has enjoyed a place of favorable business and social prominence in his home town of Ravenna and other Ohio cities, as well known in musical circles. He was born at Ravenna, December 13, 1892, son of George F. and Ida M. (Pohlson) Hartlerode. His father was born at Ravenna, Ohio, son of Lawrence and Elizabeth (Faise) Hartlerode. Mr. Hartlerode's mother was born at Malmo, Sweden, and her parents, Peter and Christina Pohlson, came to this country during the seventies, locating in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, where he followed his trade as a glass worker and subsequently removing to Ravenna. George F. Hartlerode for many years has 28 - HISTORY OF OHIO been one of the industrious citizens of Ravenna, a mechanical woodworker, while his father before him was an engineer on the Erie Railroad. Clayton George Hartlerode is the older of two children. His sister, Ruth, widow of Harold R. Bentley, is now music supervisor in the public schools of Ravenna. Clayton G. Hartlerode graduated from the Ravenna High School in 1911, and after a business college course at Akron, was employed as a bookkeeper in the Cleveland branch office of the B. F. Goodrich Rubber Company. Five months later he was transferred to the home offices in Akron, and after he had been there eight months he returned to Ravenna and became an employe of the board of county commissioners. On August 1, 1921, he was made clerk of Portage County, and has been reelected for a second term. Mr. Hartlerode, who is unmarried, is a member of the Protestant Episcopal Church. He is past vice president of the Portage County branch of the American Federation of Musicians' and has served as vice president of the Kent Local Musicians Union and is a member of the Akron Musicians Club. Mr. Hartlerode has a good general musical education, and for a number of years has been an expert trombonist, and as such is a member of the Grotto Band, the Knights Templar Commandery Band of Akron and the Al Koran Shrine Band of Cleveland. He is affiliated with Unity Lodge No. 12, Free and Accepted Masons, Tyrian Chapter No. 91, Royal Arch Masons, Akron Council No. 80, Royal and Select Masters, Akron Commandery No. 25, Knights Templar, Al Koran Temple, Ancient Arabic Order Nobles of the Mystic Shrine of Cleveland and the Yusef Khan Grotto at Akron. He is also affiliated with Ravenna Lodge No. 1076 Benevolent and Protective Order of Elks, of which he was secretary five years, and the Loyal Order of Moose No. 1234. Politically he is a republican, and is a member of the Portage County State and Game Commission. HON. WARREN J. ROBISON represents some of the old pioneer stock of Portage County, and his career as member of the Legislature and present mayor of Ravenna has gained for him a position of very favorable esteem. His only son, Henry J. Robison, is the present judge of the Probate Court of Portage County. Warren J. Robison was born in Palmyra Township of Portage County, October 31, 1871, son of John and Ellen (Corbett) Robison, his mother also a native of Palmyra Township, while, his father was born in Mahoning County. The paternal grandparents were Edward and Arminda (Cole) Robison natives of Connecticut. The maternal grandfather, Leonard Corbett, came to Portage County from the New England States about 1801 and settled in Palmyra Township. William Bacon, a great-grandfather of Warren J. Robison in the maternal line, arrived in Palmyra Township in the year 1800. John Robison after his marriage settled on a farm in Palmyra Township, and in addition to farming was associated with his brothers in the stone contracting business. For the last three years of his life he was supervisor of building during the construction of the Mahoning County Courthouse. Warren J. Robison spent his boyhood days at the old homestead, attended the schools in Mount Union, and had one term in Wooster University. At the age of seventeen he began teaching. He taught for several years in district schools and for three years was superintendent of the public schools at Mantua. Mr. Robison was appointed county recorder, February 4, 1915, to fill out the unexpired term caused by the resignation of Andrew Austin. He moved to Ravenna to serve in this capacity for several months. For a number of years he has been in the insurance business as general agent for the Midland Mutual Life Insurance Company of Columbus. Mr. Robison was a member of the Eighty-second Session of the Ohio State Legislature in 1917-18. In 1921 he was elected mayor of Ravenna, and began his term of office January 1, 1922. He is a member of the Ravenna Grange, has filled the chairs in the Knights of Pythias Lodge, also belongs to the Masons, and Benevolent and Protective Order of Elks, and is a. democrat in politics. He is clerk of the board of trustees of the Congregational Church. On October, 1892, Warren J. Robison married Della Davis, who was born in Palmyra Township, a daughter of Henry and Margaret (Williams) Davis, natives of the same township, while her great-grandparents, David and Jane (Jones) Davis, were natives of Wales. Henry John Robison, only son of Warren J. Robison and wife, was born in Palmyra Township, September 27, 1894. He graduated from the Mantua High School in 1914, and continued his education in the State Normal College at Kent. He holds elementary and high school certificates as a teacher, and in 1918 was graduated Bachelor of Science in education. During the war period he was employed in the cost department of the Engel Air Craft Company, and on March 1, 1919, became deputy clerk of the Probate Court. He performed the duties of that office until April 1, 1923, when Governor Donahey appointed him probate judge, and he has given a very excellent account of himself in that important responsibility, being one of the youngest probate judges in the state. On September 15, 1923, Judge Robison married Miss Vernon A. White, a native of Cleveland, Ohio, and daughter of Sherman and Catherine (Williams) White. Judge and Mrs. Robison are members of the First Congregational Church. He is a democrat, a Mason, past chancellor of the Knights of Pythias and deputy grand chancellor of Portage County during the time of D. Henry Sell. He also belongs to Lodge No. 1076, Benevolent and Protective Order of Elks, and the Chamber of Commerce at Ravenna. PAUL HUDSON ZINKHAN, M. D. One of the best equipped physicians and surgeons in Portage County is Dr. Paul Hudson Zinkhan, of Ravenna. His professional training and experience have been of an unusual character, and he was a medical officer in the various allied armies nearly the entire period of the World war. Doctor Zinkhan was born at Baltimore, Maryland, in February, 1885, son of Louis F. and Ella B. (Bishop) Zinkhan. His mother represents one of the oldest pioneer families of the Western Reserve of Ohio. She was born at Charlestown, in Portage County, daughter of Wiley and Mary (Brown) Bishop, natives of Freedom, Portage County, and granddaughter of Daniel Bishop. Daniel Bishop was a native of Connecticut, and became a member of the Connecticut Land Company that founded the colonies in the Western Reserve of Ohio. He himself came to Ohio at an early time in its settlement and acquired a section of land in Portage County. His son Charles was the first white child born in Portage County. Louis F. Zinkhan, was born at Baltimore, Maryland, and he met Miss Bishop while both of them were students in Oberlin College. He became a minister in the Reformed Church. He was married at Charlestown, Ohio, and after about four years of church work in Ohio he returned to Maryland and had charge of the various institutions of his church in that state and finally moved to Washington, District of Columbia, where he is now living retired. His wife passed away in February, 1907. HISTORY OF OHIO - 29 Paul Hudson Zinkhan was educated in the grammar and high schools of Baltimore, attended Johns Hopkins University and Georgetown University, and graduated in medicine in 1912. For two years he was a member of the medical staff of the Washington Asylum Hospital at Washington, D. C. In August, 1914, a few weeks after the great war broke out, he joined the American Red Cross and went direct to Russia. After a year of service with the Russian Red Cross he was given commission as a medical officer in the Russian Army. Six months later he secured his discharge and returned to the United States by way of Siberia, China and Japan. He remained at Washington for a time and in March, 1917, joined the Twentieth Division of the British Expeditionary Forces. As a medical officer with that division he was in the service in Flanders and on the Somme. After ten months he secured his transfer to the American Expeditionary Forces, and was stationed at Bordeaux until April, 1918, when he returned home to Washington. Doctor Zinkhan in September, 1918, came to Ravenna and opened his office. In instruments and other equipment he has one of the best furnished professional offices in Portage County. He enjoys an extensive private practice, and is an active member of the Portage County and Ohio State Medical societies and the American Medical Association. Doctor Zinkhan is a member of the Reformed Church, is a republican, and is affiliated with Ravenna Lodge No. 1076, Benevolent and Protective Order of Elks. He also belongs to the Twin Lakes Golf Club. WILLIAM JONES THOMAS, M. D. A physician and surgeon whose education and qualifications for his profession have been tested by many years of successful practice in Northern Ohio is Dr. William Jones Thomas of Ravenna. Doctor Thomas was born at Swansea, South Wales, in April, 1870, son of C. J. and Elizabeth (Woodliffe) Thomas. His father was also a physician, and spent his active life practicing in Wales. His mother is still living in Wales, at the advanced age of eighty-four. William Jones Thomas acquired his early education in his native country, and in 1895, after his marriage, came to America. At Cleveland he entered the medical department of Western Reserve University, graduating Doctor of Medicine in 1898. Doctor Thomas for three years practiced at Youngstown, Ohio. He then returned to Wales, and for one year pursued post-graduate work in London Hospital. On returning to this country he practiced two years at Alliance, Ohio, and then had a busy and successful career as a physician in the community of Palmyra, Portage County, where he remained fourteen years. Since 1917 his home has been at Ravenna. In South Wales in 1895 Doctor Thomas married Miss Sarah Agnes Morgan, a native of Wales. She died in October, 1914, the mother of three children: Carl, of Cleveland ; Catherine, who died when nineteen years old; and Francis, at home. In October, 1916, Doctor Thomas married Miss Jessie Wilson, who was born in Paris Township of Portage County, daughter of Wallace and Margaret (Davis) Wilson. Her father was born at Palmyra, Ohio, and her mother in Wales. By his second marriage Doctor Thomas has one son, Bruce. From 1918 to 1922 Doctor Thomas held the position of county physician and county coroner of Portage County. He is a member of the Portage County, Ohio State and American Medical associations, is a republican, and a member of the Congregational Church. CAPT. EDWARD O. WHITNEY is a veteran mariner who for fifteen years has been superintendent of the Ashtabula Dock Company of Ashtabula Harbor. His name is associated with an important record as a good citizen of Ashtabula as well. Captain Whitney represents an old family of seafaring people. He was born at Henderson in Jefferson County, New York, December 27, 1872. His mother 's maiden name was Florence White, and it is on this side of the house that his seafaring ancestors are found. Both her grandfathers were identified with the Great Lakes, and one of them, John Warner, was one of the early captains of sailing vessels on Lake Erie. Her paternal grandfather, James White, was one of the participants in the great naval battle on Lake Erie under Commodore Perry during the War of 1812. In the paternal line Captain Whitney is of English ancestry, the Whitneys having been established in Massachusetts in Colonial times. His grandfather, Truman O. Whitney, was a lifelong resident of Henderson, New York, owned and operated a large farm, and for several terms served as collector of revenue under the United States Government and was supervisor of the Town of Henderson. He married Martha P. Wood, a native of Ellisburg, New York, who died at Henderson. Myron J. Whitney, father of Capt. Edward O., was also a lifelong resident of Henderson, New York, where he was born in 1842 and died in 1906. He carried on his interest as a farmer with a progressive degree of success, and was a man of influence in his community. He was a republican in politics, and in 1862 he became a Union soldier in Company K of the Twenty-fourth New York Infantry. During the remainder of the war he participated in many battles, including Antietam and Fredericksburg, and in one battle was severely wounded. His rank was that of corporal. Myron J. Whitney married Florence White, who was born at Henderson, December 28, 1852, and still lives in that New York village. She was the mother of three children: Capt. Edward 0.; Myron Lee, a merchant at Henderson; and Ethel; living with her mother, widow of Capt. Ralph Gleason, who was a Great Lakes captain. Edward O. Whitney spent his boyhood days at Henderson, attending the public schools there and the high school at Watertown, the county seat of Jefferson County. When he was seventeen he became a deck hand on a lake freighter. The same season he was promoted to lookout, and the next year sailed as wheelsman. In the fall of 1892; before he was twenty years of age, he was given the duties of second mate without papers, and the following winter received his papers. In the winter of 1893 he was granted papers as first mate, and sailed in that capacity, beginning in 1894, until 1900. In 1900 he was promoted to captain, and his first command was the steamer Mesaba and the barge Madeira. In the spring of 1901 he became captain of the steamer E. B. Bartlett, in 1902 was captain of Henry Cort, after the strike of 1903 was made captain of the steamer W. H. Gilbert, and in 1904 was captain of the John Ericsson, a command he held until October, 1905, when he was transferred to the steamer Samuel F. B. Morse, which he sailed until 1908. All these boats belong to the Pittsburgh Steamship Company. In the fall of 1908 Captain Whitney was transferred to the steamer Thomas F. Lynch, but made only one trip on that boat. In the spring of 1909 he came to Ashtabula, and since May 1 of that year has held the office and responsibilities of superintendent of the Ashtabula Dock Company. His office is in the New York 30 - HISTORY OF OHIO Central Building on Columbus Street, Ashtabula Harbor. Always efficient and capable in his business duties, Captain Whitney has interested himself in causes and movements that express his good citizenship. He was the first president of the Exchange Club of Ashtabula, he is one of the juror commissioners of Ashtabula County, he is a member of the city council of Ashtabula, and is chairman of the Ashtabula City Republican Committee, a post he has held for four years, and is also a member of the county executive committee. He is president of the Ashtabula County Health League, which maintains at Camp Whitney a fresh air camp, named in his honor, on the shore of Lake Erie. This camp is conducted throughout the summer months. Captain Whitney is a director of the Ashtabula Chamber of Commerce, and is a prominent Mason, being affiliated with Bay View Lodge No. 905, Ancient Free and Accepted Masons, at Henderson, New York; Adams Chapter No. 205, Royal Arch Masons, at Adams, New York; Conneaut Council No. 40, Royal and Select Masters, at Conneaut, Ohio; Columbian Commandery No. 52, Knights Templar, at Ashtabula, of which he is past eminent commander ; Lake Erie Consistory of the Scottish Rite at Cleveland, and also Al Koran Temple of the Mystic Shrine and Al Sirat Grotto at Cleveland. He is a member of Ashtabula Lodge No. 208, Benevolent and Protective Order of Elks. He has been created at Haji at Mecca Temple in New York City. He is also a member of the Ashtabula Country Club. During the World war he was associated with the work of the Federal department of Justice, having supervision of the work done by the American Protective League in Northeastern Ohio. Captain Whitney owns a fine home at 95 Walnut Street, Ashtabula, located on the shore of Lake Erie, in front of which is one of the finest bathing beaches along the lake shore. At his home town of Henderson, New York, Captain Whitney married, on January 22, 1897, Miss Bertha Howard, a daughter of Capt. Clarence and Clara (Vorce) Howard, now deceased. Her father was also identified with the transportation interests of the Great Lakes, being captain of the large lake tug Thomas Wilson on Lake Ontario. Captain and Mrs. Whitney are the parents of four children: Zelma H., who married Ralph H. Duff, clerk for the Paine-Ford Hardware Company, and their home is at 21 Orchard Avenue, Ashtabula; Howard, a graduate of the Ashtabula Harbor High School, an electrician by trade, living at home; Zaida E., who graduated from the Ashtabula Harbor High School in 1922, and during the following year took special courses in high school; and Harry Payne, attending the grammar school. C. AUGUSTUS MOORE, M. D. The dean of the medical fraternity in Southeastern Ohio is Dr. Clark Augustus Moore of Cambridge. His first training in medical practice was gained while in the medical department of the Union Army in the Civil war. Soon after the war he engaged in practice, and is still active, though confining himself entirely to office consultation. He is one of the very few members of the profession in the State of Ohio whose work covers a period of practically sixty years. Doctor Moore was born on a farm in Knox Township of Guernsey County, August 15, 1840, son of Samuel and Elizabeth (Scott) Moore, both natives of Pennsylvania. His father died in 1843, and his mother at the age of seventy-nine. Samuel Moore was a carpenter by trade, and also followed farming in Guernsey County. Three years old when his father died, Clark A. Moore grew up in a rural district of Guernsey County, with limited advantages in the country schools of that day, but early formed an ambition that urged him to strenuous efforts to attain the goal of a professional career. For a number of years of his youth he followed farming in order to attend school. Early in the Civil war he spent a year as second lieutenant of Company A, Seventy-eighth Ohio Volunteers, and was then transferred to the Seventy-fourth Ohio Regiment as assistant surgeon, with the rank of first lieutenant in the medical corps. After leaving the army he resumed his studies, and on February 28, 1865, was graduated Doctor of Medicine from Starling Medical College, which in later years has become the medical department of Ohio State University. . Doctor Moore for sixteen years carried on a busy country practice at Batesville in Noble County, and since 1882 has lived at Cambridge. For several years he carried on a drug business in conjunction with his practice. In the course of many years he has attended over 2,000 obstetrical cases, and for over twenty years has been local surgeon for the Baltimore & Ohio Railway. He has been president of the Guernsey County Medical Society, and is a member of the Ohio State and American Medical associations. During the World war he was a member of the Volunteer Medical Corps, serving in the United States National Council of Defense and as medical member of the Local Draft Board. From the beginning of his practice until he was nearly ready to retire Doctor Moore used horses, riding or driving them on his rounds, and in the heavy work involved he wore out a number of fine horses. He has been a great lover of the horse all these years, but since the advent of the automobile he has become an enthusiastic motorist. He is a republican, and a member of the First United Presbyterian Church at Cambridge. Doctor Moore is not only well read in his profession, a man of deep experience in his work, but has accumulated a broad knowledge, through books and travel, of other interests, and is one of the most gifted talkers in his community. He has long been active in the various branches of the Independent Order of Odd Fellows, being past noble grand of Cambridge Lodge No. 308, and a member of Cambridge Encampment No. 150, and Canton No. 96. Doctor Moore married at Zanesville, Ohio, in 1865, Miss Ruth Fordyce. She died some years ago, leaving four. children. Maude N., the oldest, is the widow of Ambrose Beard, of Cambridge, and her two sons, George and Clark Beard, are now business men at Detroit, Michigan. The only son of Doctor Moore, Frank Moore, is a Pennsylvania Railway employe at Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania. Ella B. is the wife of I. W. LaChat, an instructor in the Cambridge High School. Blanche E. is the wife of William Bryant, of Canton, Ohio, and they have three children, James, Ruth and Clark Bryant. OHIO WESLEYAN UNIVERSITY is one of the oldest denominational colleges in the Middle West. From the time of its founding, eighty years ago, it has been one of the best schools for the training of men and women with a broad and liberal culture permeated with Christian ideals. In fact, till within recent years, when the state universities and heavily endowed institutions of learning have come to dominate the field of education in specialized opportunities for training, Ohio Wesleyan held a front rank among American colleges and universities. It is a school rich in the traditions of service, and none is represented by a finer body of graduates who have perpetuated the influences that moulded. their minds and character at Delaware. Ohio Wesleyan became a coeducational school in HISTORY OF OHIO - 31 1877 by incorporating Ohio Wesleyan Female College in the university. It was founded by and has always been conducted under the auspices of the Methodist Episcopal Church. It is not sectarian, yet has stood with fidelity to its original purpose of an educational program based on Christian ideals. One of the pioneers of Delaware County was Judge Powell, who in 1833 built the Mansion House with a view to making a resort for tourists who might come to Delaware because of the famous White Sulphur Springs. After a few years Judge Powell abandoned this project, and in 1841 offered the house and the five acres of surrounding ground, including the springs, for sale. That this beautiful tract was made available as the original campus of Ohio Wesleyan University was largely due to the foresight of Rev. Adam Poe, pastor of the Methodist Church of Delaware at that time. In 1821 the Ohio Conference and the Kentucky Conference of the Methodist Church had established at Augusta, Kentucky, the first Methodist School in the world vested with collegiate functions. For years this was the only Methodist College maintained by the church. Its faculty contained some able scholars, but the location proved almost inaccessible, and after twenty years the enterprise was abandoned. The failure of Augusta College aroused much solicitude on the part of Methodist leaders as to the educational future of the Ohio Church. In September, 1840, Dr. Edward Thomson, principal of Norwalk Seminary, called attention in a report to the North Ohio Conference that there was no Methodist College in the state. In recognizing a need and planning and executing means of supplying it, there was no Ohio clergyman at that time more resourceful than Rev. Adam Poe of Delaware. His thought on the subject coincided with the offer of Judge Powell, and at his suggestion the Mansion House and springs property were offered to the Ohio and North Ohio Conference jointly as a site for a Methodist College. The North Ohio Conference, August 11, 1841, gave favorable consideration to the project. It appointed a committee of five, which with a similar committee from the Ohio Conference held a meeting August 25, 1841, at Urbana. The next day Drs. C. Elliott, J. M. Trimble and W. P. Strickland were sent by the conference to examine the property. They reported favorably as to the house and grounds and also as to the plan for establishing a Methodist College in Ohio by joint action of the two conferences. A joint committee from these conferences met at Delaware, September 1, 1841, and on November 17, 1841, the conference committee received from Judge Powell a bond for the conveyance of the property donated by the citizens of Delaware. This title was perfected in 1850 to the board of trustees. Thus the Ohio Wesleyan University was founded at Delaware in 1842. The two men given chief credit for it were Rev. Adam Poe and Rev. Joseph M. Trimble. In 1841 Delaware was a village of 900 inhabitants. Columbus and Cleveland each had about six thousand. No railroad reached Delaware, passage of communication between that point and Columbus being by tri-weekly stage, and a whole day was required to make such a trip. The State Legislature on March 7, 1842, gave a special charter conferring university powers. This charter was evidently drafted by Doctor Trimble. Reverend Poe and W. S. Morrow were appointed a committee to employ teachers and open a preparatory school. This school was opened in the Mansion House, and for the first year the teachers were Capt. James D. Cobb, a graduate of West Point, and son. On October 1, 1842, Rev. Edward Thomson was elected the first president of the university and Rev. Solomon Howard employed as principal. On the first day only four boys were enrolled, but before the end of the year the university had 130 students. Such was the beginning of an educational institution that in later years came to rank as one of the best colleges and universities in the country. The successive presidents of Ohio Wesleyan University have been: Edward Thomson, 1842-60; Frederick Merrick, 1860-73; Prof. L. D. McCabe, acting president, 1873-76; Charles Henry Payne, 1876-88; James Whitford Bashford, 1889-1905, leaving the university to become a bishop of the Methodist Church; Herbert Welch, 1905-16, and John Washington Hoffman since 1916. JACOB JULIUS DAUCH. The City of Sandusky owes much to her far-sighted business men, and to few more than to the late Jacob Julius Dauch, president of the Hinde-Dauch Paper Company, to whose quick perception, inventive genius and scientific knowledge may be attributed the founding of the great straw paper manufacturing industry. Jacob Julius Dauch was born at Sandusky, Ohio, July 2, 1857, and met his death in an automobile accident on August 15, 1918. His parents were Philip and Mary Elnora (Klotz) Dauch, both of whom were born in Germany and came to the United States in 1847, settling at Sandusky, Ohio, where Philip Dauch survived until 1906. The late Jacob Dauch had excellent educational advantages in the Sandusky schools and early showed an aptitude for business. It was while he was interested in the thrashing business and later in baling straw that the idea first came to him of making some substantial use of the waste straw, and from this the idea that straw could be utilized in the manufacture of paper was finally evolved. To Mr. Dauch undoubtedly belongs the credit. After considerable experimenting the manufacture of straw paper was begun as a business in 1888, under the firm name of the Harvey-Hinde Company, Mr. Dauch being a silent partner. Other firms went into the business, and after the purchase of the Sandusky. Paper Company by the Columbia Straw Paper Company the original firm found itself in financial difficulties and reorganization came about. In 1890 the Hinde-Dauch Paper Company was formed, with an operating capital of $300,000, and in 1910 Jacob Julius Dauch was elected president of this corporation, and so continued until his death. By 1916 the capital of the company had been increased to $5,000,000, a marked tribute to the business leadership and careful, conservative policy of Mr. Dauch. The company at present has operating factories at Sandusky, Delphos and Cleveland, Ohio; Muncie, Indiana ; Gloucester, New Jersey; Watertown, New York, and Toronto, Canada. The company does an enormous business in the manufacture of corrugated paper specialties. The main offices of the company have always been maintained at Sandusky. Mr. Dauch married, February 17, 1880, Miss Mary M. Wendt, born at Vermilion, Erie County, Ohio, daughter of Henry and Martha (Stang) Wendt, natives of Germany. Mr. Wendt was a carpenter by . trade, but resided on a farm. The following children were born to Mr. and Mrs. Dauch: Eleanor, who is the wife of Sidney Frohman, of Sandusky ; Leola E., who is the widow of Hiram Benhke, of Parkerstown, Ohio; Henry P., who met death in a railroad accident when aged twenty-one years; Aletha M., who is the wife of Lawrence Hertlein, of Sandusky; and Wade W., who is in college. Mrs. Dauch still occupies her handsome residence on Wayne Avenue. 32 - HISTORY OF OHIO Mr. Dauch was considered a very able business man, and recognition of his sound judgment and business astuteness was shown by his election to membership on the executive committee of the Ohio Manufacturers Association. In political life he was a republican. He was an active member of the Sandusky Chamber of Commerce, and belonged to the Sunyendeand and the Plum Brook Country clubs. WILLIAM GARFIELD HORMELL for thirty years has held the chair of physics in Ohio Wesleyan University, and has been Dean of Men of the university since 1909. He is one of the recognized science teachers in Ohio, and has exerted a fine influence over the student body of the university, every successive generation of students having given unmistakable evidences of their esteem for his wise counsel and guidance. Doctor Hormell, son of Milton John and Emeline (Hisey) Hormell, was born at Oakland, Clinton County, Ohio, July 19, 1861. His mother 's people came from old Virginia to Ohio. The Hormells came to Ohio from Brownsville, Pennsylvania. Professor Hormell's great-grandfather, together with brothers and cousins, served as a soldier in the Revolutionary war. The parents of Doctor Hormell were both born in Ohio. His father was a Union soldier, serving as surgeon in the One Hundred and Forty-ninth Ohio Infantry. He had been a physician at Harveysburg, Ohio, and in 1858 moved from that place to Oakland. He was a member of the Baptist Church and was a Mason. William G. Hormell attended a country school, spent one year in the Lebanon Ohio Normal, finished his preparatory work at Delaware, and then enrolled in Ohio Wesleyan University. From this Alma Mater he received the Bachelor of Arts degree in 1889, the Bachelor of Science degree in 1890, and the Doctor of Philosophy degree in 1895. For the two years following his graduation he was an instructor at the university. He then spent two years in graduate work at Harvard University, where he received the Master of Arts degree in 1892. While at Harvard he was an assistant in physics. He has held the chair of professor of physics at Ohio Wesleyan University since 1893. In 1900 he was granted a year 's leave of absence, which he spent in special graduate work at Harvard. He was made Dean of Men of the college in 1909, and has since carried part duties of his professorship in addition to those of an administrative officer. During the World war Doctor Hormell was chairman of the Students Army Training Corps Committee of the university. He has interested himself in the civic life of Delaware and business affairs; he was one of the organizers of the Delaware Springs Sanitarium, and is its treasurer ; and he has been active in the Citizens Telephone Company, of which he is a director and vice president. Doctor Hormell is a Fellow of the American Association for the Advancement of Science, is a member of Phi Beta Kappa and of the social fraternity Delta Tau Delta; and in politics he is a republican. July 31, 1894, at Delaware, he married Anne Johnston Buzzard, daughter of Martin M. and Elizabeth Anne (Johnston) Buzzard. Her father was an infantry soldier in the Civil war, and subsequently was in the dry goods business at Mansfield, Ohio where he died in 1884. Her mother is now (1924; ninety years of age. Doctor and Mrs. Hormell have one daughter, Elizabeth, who graduated from Ohio Wesleyan in June, 1923. HENRY C. LONG is a business man and citizen well known at Ravenna and over Portage County. In former years he was in the livery business, and. recognizing the inevitable predominance of the automobile, he changed from a livery to an automobile service, and from the standpoint of years of service is one of the oldest automobile dealers in Northern Ohio. He was born January 1, 1871, in Carroll County, Ohio, where the Longs are a numerous and long established family. His parents were John and Malinda (Miller) Long, both natives of Carroll County. Henry C. Long was reared on an Ohio farm, was educated in the district schools, and in the fall of 1894, as a young man of twenty-three, he married Miss Cora A. Harsh. She was born in Carroll County, daughter of Hinkman and Annis (McGonigal) Harsh. Her father was a native of Carroll County, Ohio, and her mother was born in Pennsylvania. After his marriage Mr. Long engaged in farming for two years and then went to Canton, Ohio, where he was in the grocery business for twelve years, and, selling out, he devoted his attention to real estate for three years. Then followed a period of two years when he was on the road as a traveling salesman. In the fall of 1910 he bought a horse livery at Ravenna, and continued the business until 1916, when he converted it into an automobile livery, and under the new order of things kept the business growing successfully until August, 1921, when he sold out. Then for a time he was again in the grocery business at Canton, but in the spring of 1923 reestablished himself as an automobile dealer at Ravenna, where he is representative for the Reo and Nash automobiles. He also conducts a garage. Mr. and Mrs. Long have one son, Berdell H. They are members of the Methodist Church, in politics he is a republican, and lie is affiliated with the Loyal Order of Moose and the Knights of Pythias. GLENN HIXSON WOODMANSEE has been for a number of years an active executive in the Inskeep Manufacturing Company at Washington Court House. He was one of a group of men interested as stockholders, but his first important connection with the business was as a traveling salesman, and his genius in salesmanship has been largely responsible for the growth and upbuilding of an industry that is now represented with several factories and with distributing agencies over most of the country. This business is devoted to the manufacture of mittens and work gloves. Mr. Woodmansee was born in Highland, Ohio, March, 24, 1882. His father, Frank S. Woodmansee, died at Highland in 1923, at the age of sixty-six, and his mother, Rebecca Hixson, born in 1860, is still living at Highland. Glenn Hixson Woodmansee was educated in grammar and high schools at Highland, and from 1901 to 1903 was a teacher. For two years he had valuable experience in the McCormick Harvester Company, beginning as bookkeeper in the Cincinnati offices. From there he was sent to Charlotte, North Carolina, to assist in the settlement of yearly accounts. Following the consolidation of the various interests represented in the International Harvester Company he was transferred to the Richmond, Indiana, offices as assistant cashier, remaining there for fifteen months. It had been his ambition to complete a college course, but lack of funds had made it necessary for him to get into some profitable work. He learned the art of making medallion portraits, and sold them by canvassing from house to house, in that way securing the capital to put him through Ohio Wesleyan University at Delaware, where he graduated in 1909. At the university he was a member of the Phi Kappa Psi Fraternity. On July 1, 1909, Mr. Woodmansee came to Washington Court House and secured an interest in the Inskeep Manufacturing Company, going on the road HISTORY OF OHIO - 33 as salesman. He and his associates had just acquired the business, retaining the old name, but at that time the company had no large accounts and Mr. Woodmansee while on the road proved his ability as a salesman in building up a steady patronage for the output of the plant. He has the qualifications of a natural salesman. The goods of this company are now distributed all over the United States, and are manufactured in Washington Court House, Columbus, Marion, Springfield, Ohio. Mr. Woodmansee is also a stockholder in the Baker Lumber Company of Washington Court House. He married, October 20, 1909, Miss Lucile Angeline Sanders, who was born at Leesburg, Ohio, October 26, 1885, and was educated in the public schools there and in 1904 finished a course in the Phelps Private School at Columbus. She is a member of the Mother 's Circle, Eastern Star Chapter and the Grace Methodist Episcopal Church. Mr. and Mrs. Woodmansee have two children: Roma Angcline, in the fourth grade of the public schools, and Edmond Sanders, born in 1922. Mr. Woodmansee in Masonry is affiliated with the Royal Arch and Knight Templar Commandery, and is a Noble of the Mystic Shrine. He belongs to the Anglers Club and the Washington Country Club. HENRY LYCURGUS WELLS, M. D. Through his individual practice and as secretary of the Ohio Homeopathic Medical Society, Doctor Wells, of Cambridge, has almost a state wide reputation, though all his practice has been centered at Cambridge except while he was a medical officer during the World war. Doctor Wells was founder and is the owner of Wells Hospital, one of the finest private hospitals in the state. He was born at Newark, Ohio, December 3, 1878. The family was identified with the pioneer history of the eastern part of Ohio, and his grandfather, Henry Wells, was in the steel and foundry business at Martins Ferry in Belmont County. The late Dr. Levi Clemens Wells was the pioneer homeopathic physician of Guernsey County. He was born at Bridgeport, in Belmont County, February 26, 1847, and during his early years was identified with his father 's foundry business at Martins Ferry. In 1876 he entered medical college, graduated from the Hahnemann Medical College of Chicago, and in 1878 engaged in practice at Newark, but in 1879 moved to Cambridge. For about forty years he was engaged in his professional work in Guernsey County, doing a general practice in medicine and surgery, though in later years he specialized largely in children's diseases. His wonderful success in that field proceeded in part from his deep love for children. He was a member of the Ohio State Homeopathic Medical Society and the American Institute of Homeopathy, was a charter member of St. Clairsville Royal Arch Chapter in Masonry, and at all times interested in good causes effecting the welfare of his home community. Dr. Levi C. Wells, who died March 11, 1923, married Mary A. Morrison, who was born on a farm in Belmont County, and now lives at Cambridge at the age of seventy-six years. She was the mother of ten children. Fifth in the family, Dr. Henry Lycurgus Wells has lived at Cambridge since early infancy. He attended public schools there, finished a course in the Spencerian Business College at Louisville, Kentucky, and for three years was an employe of the Louisville & Nashville Railroad Company at Louisville. He then entered the Cleveland Homeopathic Medical College, graduating Doctor of Medicine in 1905. In college he was a Phi Alpha Gamma. After one year as a resident house physician in the City Hospital of Cleveland, Doctor Wells returned to Cambridge, and for a time specialized in eye, ear, nose and throat work, but the scope of his practice subsequently broadened to a general medical and surgical practice. He was commissioned a first lieutenant in the Army Medical Corps during the World war, and on July 12, 1918, was called to active duty at Camp Greenleaf. Subsequently he was transferred to Camp Dix, New Jersey, where he was in the field service, medical department, depot brigade, until honorably discharged April 11, 1919. In 1921 he built the Wells Hospital, which was opened in March, 1922. This is a beautiful hospital building both architecturally and in interior arrangement and equipment, and is located on Tenth Street. It contains twenty-five rooms, and there is no hospital in the state with more complete equipment and facilities for general medical, surgical and obstetrical cases. While Doctor Wells is the owner and operator of the hospital and does practically all his professional work there, he has conducted it on broad and liberal principles, and its facilities are available to all reputable physicians in the county. Doctor Wells was elected secretary of the Ohio State Homeopathic Medical Society in 1923. He is also a member of the American Institute of Homeopathy, and is vice commander of Post No. 84 of the American Legion. He is a member of the Presbyterian Church, the Men 's Bible Class, the Cambridge Rotary Club, and in Masonry is affiliated with Symbolic Lodge, other bodies in the York and Scottish Rite, Aladdin Temple of the Mystic Shrine, and is a member of the Independent Order of Odd Fellows. Doctor Wells married at Martins Ferry, Ohio, Miss Bessie C. Pickens, daughter of the late William Pickens, a Belmont County farmer. She takes an active part in the Presbyterian Church and the social and club life of Cambridge. The two children of Doctor and Mrs. Wells are Paul Levi and Arthur Henry. CHARLES H. KERNAN, the popular superintendent of the National Orphans Home maintained by the Junior Order of United American Mechanics at Tiffin, Seneca County, claims the old Empire State of the Union as the place of his nativity, his birth having occurred at Nassau, New York, on the 3d of February, 1867. He is a son of Dennis and Mary (Layden) Kernan, and he was but four years of age when both of his parents met their death in a railway accident. He was then placed in the Protestant orphanage in the city of Albany, New York, and after remaining about five years he ran away from the institution and found employment on a farm near his birthplace. His ambition to obtain an education was one not to be thwarted in its purpose, and he depended upon his own resources in providing means to complete a course in Amsterdam Academy, besides which he thereafter continued his studies in the New York State Normal School at Potsdam until his graduation from the institution. Thereafter he was for ten years principal of the public schools at Orient, Long Island, and in 1901 he assumed his present office, that of superintendent of the National Orphans Home of the Junior Order of United American Mechanics. His administration has been most loyal and efficient, and his deep and abiding sympathy for the young wards of the institution is quickened by his memory of his own early experiences as an orphan child. His sympathy is not a matter of mere sentiment but finds expression in practical helpfulness. He has studied child life earnestly, and in his official capacity he gives himself resourcefully to the developing of the mental and physical powers of the little ones under his humanitarian and fraternal supervision. As may be naturally inferred, Mr. Kernan is an appreciative and valued member of the Junior Order of United Amer- 34 - HISTORY OF OHIO ican Mechanics, in which he has held official positions and been otherwise influential aside from his splendid work as head of the well ordered national orphanage maintained by this fraternity. He is a republican in political adherency, is a communicant and member of the vestry of Trinity Protestant Episcopal Church in his home city of Tiffin, and in the Masonic fraternity he has received the thirty-second degree of the Scottish Rite, besides being a Noble of the Mystic Shrine of Zenobia Temple at Toledo. In the York Rite of Masonry he is a past master of Tiffin Lodge No. 77, Free and Accepted Masons, and is affiliated with Seneca Chapter No. 42, Royal Arch Masons, Clinton Council No. 49, Royal and Select Masters ; and De Molay Commandery No. 9, Knights Templar. Mr. Kernan was especially active in furthering the various patriotic measures in Seneca County during the period of American participation in the World war, and he was chairman of the county committee that had charge of the Seneca County drive in support of the final government war loan. The first marriage of Mr. Kernan was with Miss Mary E. Baum, of Potsdam, New York, and her death occurred in 1905. Of the four children of this union it is to be recorded that Miss Ruth is the wife of Henry Kerschner, of Tiffin, Ohio ; Allen, a graduate of Dartmouth College, is principal of one of the public schools of Tiffin ; Dorothy, a graduate of St. Mary's School (Episcopal) in the State of Maryland, holds a position in the office of the National Machinery Company at Tiffin; and Esther, a graduate trained nurse, is following her profession in the City of Cincinnati. For his second wife Mr. Kernan wedded Miss Louise Bowland, of Maryland, and she died in 1919, leaving no children. The maiden name of the present wife of Mr. Kernan was Eleanor Gorsuch, and she was born and reared in Maryland. No children have been born of this union. ALLEN ROBERT MCCULLOCH, a member of the Cambridge bar for a third of a century, has rendered many services that distinguish him among the citizenship of Guernsey County. Born on a farm in Wills Township of that county, July 4, 1863, he is a son of William C. McCulloch, a native of Scotland, who came to the United States at the age of sixteen, and for a brief time attended school at Princeton, and, coming to Ohio, was engaged in farming and school teaching in Guernsey County until his death in 1890, at the age of fifty-eight. He married Sarah E. Sproat, of one of the pioneer families of Wills Township. She died in 1920, at the age of seventy-nine. Both parents were members of the Presbyterian Church, and in their family of eight children Allen Robert was the second. Reared on the farm, Allen R. McCulloch largely through his own efforts overcame the obstacles in his task toward a professional career. He attended country schools, taught several terms in a rural district, graduated Bachelor of Science at Muskingum College in 1885, and while in college played on the baseball team. For four years he was superintendent of schools at Cumberland, Ohio, then entering the Cincinnati Law College, where he was graduated Bachelor of Laws in 1891. In the same year he located at Cambridge, and has practiced law continuously since that date. Mr. McCulloch served twenty-two years 1as a member of the local school board and for a similar period was superintendent of the Presbyterian Sunday School, and almost continuously since 1903 has been a member of the Cambridge public library board. A democrat, he has twice been a member of the State Committee and is on the County Central Committee. Interested in all public measures affecting his home county and state, his special hobby has been good roads, and by appointment from Governor Cox he served on the advisory board of the State Highway Department, and is trustee and member of the Executive Committee of the Ohio Good Roads Association. At the time of the World war he was food commissioner and a member of the Legal Advisory Board in Guernsey County. Mr. McCulloch is a director of the Guernsey Building & Loan Association and the Cambridge Iron & Steel Company. FLOYD V. MILLER, M. D., a prominent physician and surgeon of Delaware, was the man who organized and took overseas the branch of the Ohio Wesleyan Hospital Unit, and was in active charge of that unit and of field hospitals on several of the important battle fronts during the last year of the great war. Doctor Miller holds the rank of lieutenant-colonel. He was born in Greene County, Pennsylvania, December 30, 1883, son of Dr. John H. and Charlotte (Nuss) Miller. Both parents were born in Pennsylvania. The Millers are of Scotch Irish origin. Jacob Miller was one of the pioneer settlers in Greene County, Pennsylvania, and married Sarah McConnell, who came from County Cork, Ireland. The grandfather of Doctor Miller was Heil Miller, who married Mary Warrick, a descendant of John Warrick, a soldier in the War of 1812, and the father of John Warrick was a Revolutionary veteran. Dr. John H. Miller was born in 1858, began teaching at the age of sixteen, and with his earnings paid his way through the Western Pennsylvania Medical College at Pittsburgh, where he graduated in 1887. He practiced in Greene County, then in Washington, Pennsylvania, and since 1903 has continued the duties of a general practitioner at Delaware, Ohio. November 21, 1878, he married Miss Charlotte Nuss. Doctor Floyd V. Miller was educated in a private school at Waynesburg, Pennsylvania. He was twenty years of age when the family came to Delaware, and here he spent two years in Ohio Wesleyan University. He studied medicine in the Starling Ohio Medical College of Columbus, graduating Doctor of Medicine in 1909. During. 1909-10 he did post-graduate work in the Miami Hospital at Dayton, spent a month in the Boston General Hospital in 1919, and and three months in the New York Post-Graduate Hospital in 1921. This training, together with his army experience and his work as a private practitioner, have served to develop his powers until he is regarded as one of the ablest surgeons of the state. His military service began in 1911, when he was commissioned first lieutenant of the Ohio Medical Corps of the National Guard, the Fourth Ohio Regiment. In 1914 he was promoted to captain. He went with the Fourth Ohio to the Mexican border in 1916, spending six months at El Paso. He was mustered out of service at Delaware, March 3, 1917. In the latter part of April of the same year he was called to duty in the national army, and was commissioned a major in the Army Medical Corps and ordered to recruit at Delaware a field hospital unit. He did this in a remarkably brief time, reporting a complete enlistment of the entire personnel for a field hospital unit, which was promptly designated as the Ohio Wesleyan Unit, a name it held unofficially throughout the war. Doctor Miller carefully selected his men for this work, getting them from the student body of the University at Delaware. They were all athletic, some of them capable musicians, and proved their ability as entertainers in camp and field as well as thoroughly loyal and capable in every position of duty and danger. They were called to active training July 15, 1917, under the designation of the Fourth HISTORY OF OHIO - 35 Ohio Field Hospital. On September 9 they went to Camp Sheridan at Montgomery, Alabama, where they were given intensive training. The Fourth Ohio received its official designation as the One Hundred Forty-seventh Field Hospital of the One Hundred Twelfth Sanitary Train of the Thirty-seventh Division. At Camp Sheridan the Ohio Wesleyan Unit won many victories in athletic contests. They left Camp Sheridan June 17, 1918, going to. Camp Upton, Long Island, and June 27, left there for the docks, embarked on the H. M. S. Paassy, and after a thirteen day voyage in a convoy of fourteen vessels landed at Glasgow, July 10th. Thence they proceeded to Camp Morn Hill, Winchester, England, the next day to Southampton, and the Queen Alexandria took them across the channel to Cherbourg. July 15 they entrained for Bourmont, Haute Marne, and thence by a motor truck toward the front to the town of Rambervillers. About midnight after reaching there German airplanes dropped bombs, their first hint of real warfare. August 1 they moved on to Baccarat and took over hospital duty. Major Miller and a detail had preceded the company to Baccarat and arranged for the taking over the division surgical hospital from the Seventy-seventh Division. Here the unit came face to face with war in all its horrors. September 16, 1918, the company moved around Luneville through Nancy and Toul and on toward Bar-Le-Duc, each night while they were on the move being subjected to attacks from the German planes. At Rumont they took over a hospital that had been operated by the One Hundred Forty-fifth Field Hospital Company. A day later they moved on to Bar-Le-Duc, and two days after that toward the Argonne front. September 22 they improvised their field hospital only a few kilometers from the front line, in the midst of heavy woods, but exposed to artillery fire and gas threats. On September 24 the great Meuse-Argonne offensive on the Avacourt sector at Brabant was started, and in the days that followed hundreds of wounded, gassed or exhausted men came back to Colonel Miller 's hospital. His command handled about twenty-six hundred men during those few days. October 4, 1918, the company again moved out, and after a few days rest proceeded to Bouillonville, arriving there October 8th and opened the advance hospital of the train for handling of gas and emergency surgical cases. This point of the front was greatly exposed to shell fire, and great numbers of gas victims were brought in. October 17 the position was evacuated in favor of replacements, and on October 20 the One Hundred Forty-seventh entrained with complete equipment for Flanders. Their route was through Neuf chateau, Chaumont, Paris, Amiens, Boulogne and Calais, and on October 22, arrived in Flanders in mud knee deep at St. Jean Station, only three kilometers from Ypres. October 25 the unit moved up to Staden, and on October 28 the One Hundred Forty-seventh went to Meulebeke, Belgium, where a hospital was opened in a school and convent that the Germans had previously used as a hospital. Here a great number of gas patients from the Ypres-Lys offensive were handled between October 31 and November 11. Just before the armistice was signed the One Hundred and Forty-seventh was about to begin a new movement. The rest of the day was spent in celebrating, with band concerts and joint theatricals, participated in by both the Americans and the French troops. December 4 the start was made to the Belgium border, passing through Courtrai, Ypres and Poperinche, to Proven, Belgium, where they remained three nights, and thence to Malo Terminus, a suburb of Dunkerque. Here another division sick hospital was organized in the hotel, and was taken over by Evacuation Hospital No. 5, December 11. The next day Colonel Miller and his command moved to Normhoucht, where they remained during the holidays, and on the fourth of January, 1919, left there and three days later reached Alencon, where he remained until February 16. From there they moved to Bonnetable, near Le Mans, and while there Major Miller received his commission as lieutenant-colonel on February 22. Here the last hospital maintained for division sick was operated. On March 2 he and his command reached Brest, and spent two weeks in the mud of that town until embarking on the U. S. S. Montana. They landed at New York March 24, were in Camp Mills until the second of April, and on midnight of the following day arrived at Delaware. The One Hundred and Forty-seventh with three other companies of the One Hundred and Twelfth Sanitary Train paraded at Delaware and also at Columbus and reached Camp Sheridan the same night. Colonel Miller married at Delaware, January 4, 1911, Miss Margaret Lupton, daughter of Doctor and Adel (Bush) Lupton. Her father was a well known physician of Delaware for a number of years, and was the son of a Union soldier, a lieutenant of Ohio Infantry, who died while a prisoner in Libby Prison. Mrs. Miller 's mother is still living. Doctor and Mrs. Miller are members of the Episcopal Church. He is a Scottish Rite Mason and Shriner, a member of the Elks, and belongs to the County, State and American Medical associations. He is chief surgeon on the staff of the Jane Case Hospital of Delaware. EDWARD VAUGHAN is one of the prominent real estate men of Columbus, and since coming here in October, 1922, has applied the results of his long experience in allotment and subdivision work in a way to make his enterprises conspicuous in local real estate development. Mr. Vaughan was born in Illinois, and had much of his early training and experience with one of the greatest allotment specialists Chicago ever knew, the late S. E. Gross. He handled allotments in the City of Chicago for Mr. Gross, and was also for a time connected with Wood, Harmon & Company of New Y ork. In Columbus Mr. Vaughan opened the Sullivant Heights on December 23, 1922. This was a tract of 5 1/2 acres, bordering Sullivant and Ryan avenues. Already about $75,000 worth of homes have been constructed, and Mr. Vaughan has taken the lead in building improvement. He has maintained it as an exclusively American residence district. Another fine allotment is Vaughan Gardens, opened by him on West Mound Street at the edge of the city, and containing homes available to the same class of citizens as Sullivant Heights. LEROY ALEXANDER MANCHESTER. No family name has been more significant of integrity, high character and sound ability in Mahoning County than that of Manchester. Leroy Alexander Manchester represents the modern generation, and is a prominent Youngstown attorney. Two of his brothers have likewise earned worthy reputations in the law. He is a descendant of Thomas Manchester, who came from England in 1638 and was with the colony that made the first settlement on Narragansett Bay in Rhode Island. John Manchester, a great-grandson of Thomas Manchester, was an American soldier in the war for independence. Isaac Manchester, his son, at the age of fifteen, was captured by the British and forced to haul wood for the English soldiers' camps. Benjamin Manchester, a son of Isaac, settled in what is now Mahoning County, Ohio, about 1804, coming from Washington County, Pennsylvania. He served as a soldier in the War of 1812. His wife was Nancy Doddridge, who died in 1813. Their son, Isaac 36 - HISTORY OF OHIO Manchester, was born in Mahoning County, December 20, 1810, and spent practically all his life in that locality. He married Ellen Wilson. Hugh Alexander Manchester, son of Isaac and Ellen (Wilson) Manchester, was born in Canfield Township, Mahoning County, March 5, 1837. At the age of eighteen he began teaching, and had a long and successful experience in the public schools. For more than twenty years he was a member of the Board of County School Examiners, and was a trustee of the Northeastern Ohio Normal College. He organized and served as cashier of the Farmers National Bank of Canfield twenty years, from 1887 until 1907. He was elected to the Legislature in 1899, and in 1902 became mayor of Canfield. He was one of the original trustees and the first chairman of the board of the Glenwood Children 's Home, was prominent in the Presbyterian Church, and was a Knight Templar Mason and Odd Fellow. He died at Canfield October 24, 1919. On November 8, 1859, Hugh A. Manchester married Rose A. Squier, a daughter of Asher Squier. She died April 16, 1918, after they had been married upwards of sixty years. Their children were: Mary E., who died in 1880; Laura E., wife of E. P. Tanner, of Canfield; Fannie C., wife of C. E. Bowman, of Ellsworth, Ohio; Isaac Asher, who operates the old homestead; William Charles, a lawyer at Detroit ; Curtis A., a prominent Youngstown attorney ; and Leroy Alexander. Leroy Alexander Manchester was born May 6, 1883, and spent the first eighteen years of his life on the old homestead farm at Canfield. He attended the district schools, graduated with the Bachelor of Arts degree from the Northeastern Ohio Normal College in 1902, and studied law in the University of Michigan, where he took his degree in 1905. For about a year he practiced in Detroit in association with his brother William C., and in June, 1906, located at Youngstown. On September 1, 1907, he became a member of the firm Hine, Kennedy, Robinson & Manchester, which with subsequent changes became Kennedy, Manchester, Conroy & Ford. Mr. Manchester is still a member of this firm, but since December 1, 1917, has given his legal talents exclusively to his work as general counsel for the Youngstown Sheet and Tube Company. Mr. Manchester has been a prominent participant in many phases of Youngstown's modern progress. He served as president of the Chamber of Commerce during 1918-19, and was made a vice president of the community corporation when it was established to take over general supervision of the charitable and social welfare organizations of the city. He was one of the incorporators of the Mahoning County Bar Association, is a member of the Ohio State Bar Association, a director of the First National and Dollar Bank of Youngstown, belongs to the American Iron and Steel Institute, the Ohio Society of New York, the Rotary Club, and is a thirty-second degree Scottish Rite Mason and Shriner. He is a republican, belongs to the Youngstown Club and the Youngstown Country Club, having served as trustee of both the latter organizations, and is an elder in the First Presbyterian Church in Youngstown. On August 4, 1909, Mr. Manchester married Miss Josephine Schaaf, daughter of Rev. J. C. and Flora (Straub) Schaaf, of Canfield. They have two children, Flora Rosana, born October 19, 1919; and Josephine, born September 5, 1920. ROBERT MASON SOHNGEN is a prominent attorney of Hamilton, and has had a successful general practice for the .past ten years, except for the period he was in the army during the World war. Mr. Sohngen was born at Hamilton, in Butler County, July 16, 1887, son of Charles and Anna (Mason) Sohngen. His parents were also born at Hamilton, and his father for many years was a leader in local business affairs, was associated with other influential men in promoting the industrial prosperity of his community, and was noted as an authority on Butler County history. Robert Mason Sohngen grew up at Hamilton, attending the public schools of that city. He graduated from high school in 1905, and then entered Cornell University, where he pursued the law course and was graduated in 1908. He then spent five months abroad in travel and study, and on his return to Hamilton instead of engaging in law practice he took a business position with the Williams Shoe Company. In 1912 he was admitted to the bar, and has since occupied a successful position at the Butler County bar. He was elected a member of the Hamilton Board of Education in 1915, upon its organization was elected president of the board and reelected in November, 1919, for a term of four years. In November, 1920, he was elected city attorney on the democratic ticket, and in 1923 was a candidate for reelection, but was defeated. Mr. Sohngen was one of the young professional men of Hamilton who early identified themselves with the allied cause in the World war. When America entered the war he found various opportunities to serve the government, and in August, 1917, entered the Second Officers' Training Camp at Fort Benjamin Harrison, Indianapolis. In November he was commissioned a first lieutenant of infantry, and was assigned to duty with the One Hundred and Fifty-eighth Brigade at Camp Sherman. He remained there training troops, serving as camp judge advocate and as camp intelligence officer, and in July, 1918, was promoted to the rank of captain. He received his honorable discharge December 20, 1918. Mr. Sohngen is a member of the. Mason Order, is a thirty-second degree Scottish Rite Mason, and a member of the Benevolent and Protective Order of Elks. He is also a member of the Delta Kappa Epsilon fraternity. In 1910 he married Miss Helen Ray Simpson, of Middletown, Ohio. WILLIAM C. SHEPHERD. Except for the office of prosecuting attorney, William C. Shepherd's public service has been rendered in places without remuneration and through his successful private law practice. Mr. Shepherd is one of the ablest attorneys at the Butler County bar, and for many years has had an extensive and important corporation practice. He was born at Monroe, in Butler County, July 3, 1855, son of George B. and Sarah A. (Tullis) Shepherd. His mother was a native of Butler County and his father was born in Pennsylvania and was brought to Butler County when a small child. William C. Shepherd was reared in a rural community, attended the district schools, and completed his literary education in the National Normal University at Lebanon, Ohio. He taught school for two years while studying law, and on the thirty-first day of March, 1879, began his career as a practicing attorney at Hamilton. He has been a member of the bar now for forty-five years. His service as prosecuting attorney began on January 1, 1885, and continued until January 1, 1888. Through many years he has given his talent to the law with few outside interests. While in general practice he has for twenty years represented many corporation interests. He is attorney for the Cincinnati, Indianapolis & West Railroad, for the Pennsylvania Railway, is general counsel for the Cincinnati, Hamilton & Dayton Traction Company, and is attorney for the Hooven-Owens-Rentschler Company, engine manufacturers, the Hamilton Foundry & Machine Company, and the G. A. Rentschler Company. HISTORY OF OHIO - 37 From 1889 to 1900 Mr. Shepherd served as a member of the board of public affairs of the City of Hamilton. From 1892 to 1896 he was secretary of the Butler County Agricultural Society. He is a member and has attended a number of conventions of the Ohio State and American Bar associations. He married Miss Eleanor Nichol, of Indianapolis, Indiana, daughter of George and Francis A. (McDonald) Nichol. Her mother was a sister of one of Indiana's most distinguished statesmen, Joseph E. McDonald, who served in the United States Senate. Mrs. Shepherd was educated at Oxford College at Oxford, Ohio. WILLIAM S. GIFFEN has been a member of the Hamilton bar for over forty years. He is a former judge of the Common Pleas and Circuit courts, and his career has reflected great honor upon his abilities and character. Judge Giffen was born April 8, 1851, son of Stephen E. and Rachael S. Giffen. His father was one of the active business men of Hamilton during the last century, being a leading figure in the lumber business. William S. Giffen was reared and educated at Hamilton, attending the public schools, and graduated from Miami University in 1871. After several years of business experience he entered the Cincinnati Law School, was graduated in 1880, and in the same year opened his law office in Hamilton. He was closely identified with a growing private practice until 1892, when Governor William McKinley appointed him judge of the Common Pleas Court. He was given second election to that office, and served in that capacity until 1897. In 1898 he was elected judge of the Circuit Court and reelected in 1904. Having given more than fifteen years to his duties on the bench he then retired and resumed private practice. Among other interests represented by him are the Jewel Photo Play Company and the Martin-Mason Brewing Company, of which he is general attorney. In 1894 Judge Giffen married Miss Emma Brant, of Hamilton, daughter of David and Rebecca Brant. In 1905 Judge and Mrs. Giffen made a voyage abroad, traveling through Japan and China, and about the time they started to return Mrs. Giffen was taken ill and died. Judge Giffen has attended several state and national conventions of the republican party. He attends the Presbyterian Church. Judge Giffen read law in the office of Governor James E. Campbell. JOSEPH D. MARSHALL, M. D. In the third of a century since he graduated in medicine Doctor Marshall has performed all the services of a well trained and conscientious doctor in Butler County. For many years his home has been at Hamilton. He is one of the leading representatives of the school of homeopathy here. He was born at Middletown, Ohio, April 5, 1868, son of Isaac and Eleanor (Doty) Marshall. His father was a farmer. The children were: Rachael A., wife of William Diver, a farmer in Madison Township, Butler County; Dr. Joseph D.; Olive, wife of Edward Stewart, of Middletown; Minnie A., wife of Virgil Puckett, and Sarah E., who died when six years old. Dr. Joseph D. Marshall was a farm boy, attended the district schools, and began the study of medicine with Dr. Thomas E. Reed, of Middletown. In 1888 he entered the Pulte Medical College at Cincinnati, a homeopathic school, and was graduated with his medical degree in 1891. Doctor Marshall first practiced at Millville, five miles west of Hamilton. He served two years as district physician and two years as physician at the County Infirmary. For nine years he was police surgeon of the City of Hamilton. He has a large general practice as a physician. He is a member of the Ohio State Medical Society and the American Institute of Homeopathy. Doctor Marshall has been affiliated with the democratic party, but has never held any •public office outside his profession. He is a member of the Baptist Church and the Loyal Order of Moose. On September 24, 1891, he married Miss A. Etta Davis, of Millville. The two children of this union were : Alfred E., born December 26, 1892, and died March 31, 1894; and James Edgar, born June 7, 1898. On June 7, 1906, Doctor Marshall married Miss Myrtle Weatherby, of Preble County, Ohio, daughter of Andrew J. and Fannie Weatherby. Mrs. Marshall was educated at Camden, Ohio, took the nurses' training course at the Mitchell-Thomas and Hillside hospitals in Springfield, Ohio, and for thirteen years was a nurse in that city. She is a member of the Ohio Ladies' Homeopathic League. WALTER PATER, M. D. A native son of the City of Hamilton, after graduating from two medical colleges and hospital training in service, Dr. Walter Pater returned here and for five years has been a specialist in the eye, ear, nose and throat. He was born at Hamilton, July 7, 1895, son of Joseph H. and Catherine (Kramer) Pater. In 1913 he graduated from the Hamilton High School. He then entered the Hahnemann Medical College at Philadelphia, graduating Doctor of Medicine in 1917. During 1917-1918 he was house surgeon at the Miami Hospital at Dayton, and in 1918 he graduated from the medical department of the University of Michigan, and remained there as assistant professor in the department of eye, ear, nose and throat during 1919. In the fall of 1919 he returned to Hamilton, and has confined his practice to the eye, ear, nose and throat. During 1924 he spent considerable time in study abroad, including clinics at Paris and Vienna. He is one of the leading men in his specialty in Southern Ohio. Doctor Pater is a member of the Society of Homeopathy, the Ohio State Medical Society, the American Medical Association, the American Ophthalmological Society, and the Miami Valley Medical Society. He belongs to the Knights of Columbus and the Phi Alpha Gamma college fraternity. JEFFERSON TOWNSHIP PUBLIC LIBRARY at New Paris in Preble County is a public institution worthy of some record in this publication. The Tuesday Club, which was founded by Miss Carrie Reid in 1892, started a small collection of about ninety volumes in 1904, the volumes being kept in the home of one of the members of the club. By October, 1906, the collection had grown to 600 volumes, and in that year the Tuesday Club turned it over to the New Paris school board, which immediately added 600 volumes more. In 1913 a consolidation was effected between the New Paris and Jefferson Township school boards, at which tune the Jefferson Township Public Library Board was organized, consisting of the following members: the late C. W. Bloom, E. H. Young, Mrs. Ida Bohn, Mrs. Carrie Clark, C. M. Benson and H. H. Mikesell. The present board consists of the following: Lawrence Hawley, president; H. D. Collins, vice president; Mrs. Grace B. Hahn, secretary ; Harry W. Bragg, treasurer, and Mrs. Minnie Pence, Mrs. Mary Reid, Rolla IL Brandon, who is superintendent of schools, and Miss Nelle McNeill is librarian. The library is now supported by taxation and also by an endowment plan, resulting from the acts of 38- HISTORY OF OHIO some philanthropic former citizens of New Paris, thus establishing memorials to friends and relatives. The library occupies large, spacious quarters on Main Street. It has enjoyed a steady growth since it was founded twenty years ago, and has not once been closed for lack of funds or lack of support on the part of the citizens. The library now contains over 4,000 volumes, including a number of rare and valuable old works presented by friends. The greatest credit for the success of the library is due to Miss Carrie Reid, who, as mentioned, was founder of the Tuesday Club in 1892. Her parents were W. B. and Mary Reid, her mother being a member of the library board at the present time. She was a graduate of the high school at New Paris, and for many years taught in the local schools. In 1910-11-12 she was employed in the Census Bureau at Washington, then taught at Niles, Ohio, and was employed in the offices of the Industrial Commission of the State of Ohio at Columbus until her death. A shelf in the public library at New Paris is dedicated to the memory of Miss Reid. Another patron and official of the library who gave generously of his time and support was the late C. W. Bloom, father of Mrs. Hahn, the present secretary. JAMES W. OVERPECK, M. D. In the forty years since he graduated from medical college Doctor Over-peck has continuously engaged in the work of his profession, and for thirty-six years has been a leading member of the medical fraternity of the City of Hamilton. He was born at the Village of Overpeck, Ohio, November 3, 1850, son of David and Rachael S. Overpeck. His father was a substantial Butler County farmer, and the Village of Overpeck was named for this branch of the family. James W. Overpeck was educated in Starr 's Institute of Butler County, and before entering medical college served five years as principal of the city schools of Hamilton. He took his medical course in the Pulte Medical College of Cincinnati, where he graduated in 1882. He was prevailed upon to remain with the college, and for five years held the chair of physiology in that institution. For six years Doctor Overpeck practiced medicine at La Crosse, Wisconsin, and then returned to Hamilton, where lie has ever since been engaged in general practice. He is a well known specialist in digestive and nervous diseases. He is a member of the American Institute of Homeopathy, the Ohio Homeopathic Society, the Miami Valley Homeopathic Society, and the American Association of Medico-Physical Research which meets in Chicago every year. He also belongs to the Homeopathic Lyceum of Cincinnati, and for years has attended every meeting of these societies when his duties permitted. He was at the convention of the American Homeopathic Society at Atlantic City in 1922. He has read papers on various subjects before all these organizations. Doctor Overpeck is affiliated with Harmony Lodge No. 14, Independent Order of Odd Fellows, at Hamilton. In 1887, at Hamilton, he married Miss Belle Bowman, whose father was a noted Methodist minister in Butler County. Mrs. Overpeck was educated in the Hamilton High School, and is an active worker in civic and social affairs, being a member of the Current Events Club and a former officer of the Young Women's Christian Association. Both Doctor Overpeck and Mrs. Overpeck are members of the Universalist Church, and he is serving on the board of trustees. THE HISTORICAL AND PHILOSOPHICAL SOCIETY OF OHIO throughout the memory of man now living has been an institution of Cincinnati, and its chief func tions have been collecting and preserving a splendid library of historical and scientific works. The library is the repository for a large amount of manuscript and other data of inestimable value as original sources for students of Ohio history. The society for the first seventeen or eighteen years of its life had its home in Columbus, where it was organized. In February, 1849, the original society turned over all its property and documents to the newly organized historical society, which was established in August, 1844. Since then the home of the society has been in Cincinnati. In 1871 the library was removed from the rooms of the Literary Club to a suite of five rooms furnished rent free by the Cincinnati College in the upper story of the college building on Walnut Street. Here it remained fifteen years. In 1885 it was removed to 107 West Eighth Street, the Garfield Place Building holding the library for sixteen years. At the end of that time it was transferred to the Van Wormer Library on the grounds of the University of Cincinnati. The library in 1894 contained 17,450 bound volumes and 65,320 pamphlets. The use of the library is free to the public. The collection of books and documents has steadily grown, and Cincinnati is properly proud of this, one of the important elements in its cultural wealth. The society has eighty-two corporate members, twenty-two life members, ten corresponding members and two honorary members. The librarian is Mr. L. B. Hamlin. HARRY WINFIELD BROWN, president and general manager of the Cincinnati Commercial Tribune, was born in New York City, January 23, 1876, son of Winfield and Mary (Morey) Brown. He was educated in New York University and from 1896 to 1899 was a reporter with the New York Sun. In 1899 he became city editor of the Cincinnati Post, was editor of the Kentucky Post of Covington from 1900 to 1906, was editor-in-chief of the Cincinnati Post from 1906 to 1914, and then spent five years on the editorial staff of the New York Times, and in 1919 returned to Cincinnati as president and general manager of the Commercial Tribune. EDGAR A. BELDEN. A former judge of the Court of Common Pleas of Butler County, Edgar A. Belden began the practice of law at Hamilton more than forty years ago, and has gained all the substantial honors of an able attorney before he was elected to the bench. Both in his profession and as a citizen he has been one of the most useful men in Butler County. He was born at Hamilton, November 28, 1855, son of Samuel C. and Mary (Fitton) Belden. The Fittons are an old and prominent family of Southern Ohio. His mother was born in Butler County, and died at the age of thirty-eight, in 1868. Samuel C. Belden was born in Massachusetts, November 29, 1815, and came to Hamilton, Ohio, as a young man. He built up a large and important industry for the manufacture of brooms, and gave generously of his means and influence for the welfare of the community. He died in 1885, at the age of seventy. The children were: James E., who engaged in the dry goods business with the D. W. Fitton Company; Horace T., who died in 1876, at the age of twenty-two, while teller in the First National Bank of Hamilton; Edgar A.; William C., born in 1858, who went to California in 1882 and bought a fruit farm, and served a term as judge of the County Court of San Bernardino County; and Webster A., who was born at Hamilton in 1860, and for many years was in the manufacturing business. HISTORY OF OHIO - 39 Edgar A. Belden was graduated from the Hamilton High School in 1272. For about six years he was a clerk in the offices of the Union Central Life Insurance Company of Cincinnati. Resigning in 1879 and returning to Hamilton, he studied law under Thomas Millikin, a prominent attorney, and was admitted to the bar by the Supreme Court of the state February 2, 1881. He has always engaged in a general practice, and has represented one side or another in some of the most prominent cases tried in the local courts. His election to the bench of the Common Pleas Court in November, 1901, was a remarkable tribute to his personal ability, integrity and manifest qualifications for that office. He was a candidate on the republican ticket and he was elected by more than 700 votes over his opponents in a county normally democratic. In the five years he was on the bench Judge Belden gained the respect of both the bar and the public, and few of his decisions were appealed or reversed. Whcn the Young Men's Christian Association was organized at Hamilton Judge Belden became its first president, and served in that capacity for five years. He is a member of the Methodist Episcopal Church, president of the board of trustees, and belongs to several fraternities. He helped organize in 1886 the Hamilton High School Alumni Association. May 22, 1888, Judge Belden married Elisa M. Potter, daughter of Lucius B. and Mary B. Potter, of Hamilton. They had two children, Horace and Lucia. Horace, who was in the stock and bond business at Detroit, Michigan, died December 1, 1923. Lucia, the wife of Dr. Clarence L. Hunt, dentist of Fort Smith, Arkansas, is the mother of two children, Elizabeth, born in 1916, and Lucia Lee, born in 1921. HERBERT J. MILLER, secretary of the Valley Mortgage Company at Hamilton, is a young man of liberal education, and has made an interesting record of progress in the comparatively brief span of years since he left school. He was born January 24, 1899, son of Alexander and Katherine (Fontaine) Miller. While growing up at Hamilton he attended St. Stephen's parochial. schools and the Catholic High School, and in the intervals of his business career has completed a course in higher accounting and auditing with the La Salle Correspondence School at Chicago, and is now taking an evening course in the University of Cincinnati in finance and investment. His first employers were Leinbach, Humphrey & Shipman Company, first at Hamilton and then with the company's office at Detroit in the real estate department. December 1, 1921, he went with the Ray Shipman Company of Hamilton, real estate dealers, and on July 1, 1922, was elected secretary of the Valley Mortgage Company. This company has authorized capital of $500,000, and does an extensive loan business on city property. Mr. Miller is unmarried. He belongs to the Hamilton Chamber of Commerce, the Benevolent and Protective Order of Elks, Knights of Columbus, and the Phi Delta Kappa fraternity. PETER. P. BOLI. In 1922 Peter P. Boli received a distinction that is in the nature of a splendid tribute to his professional abilities and the character that makes an able public official. On the republican ticket he was elected prosecuting attorney of Butler County, by a majority of over 6,000 votes, though the county normally is a democratic stronghold. Mr. Boli was the first republican ever elected prosecuting attorney of Butler County since 1871. He represents an old and honored family of Butler County, and was born at Hamilton, March 31, 1885, son of Louis A. and Caroline (Buckel) Boli. After finishing the course of the Hamilton High School he entered the law department of Ohio State University, where he was graduated in 1908. Mr. Boli has been a practicing attorney at Hamilton now for fifteen years, and he early gave proof of the masterful qualifications for a thoroughly successful lawyer. He won the substantial honors of success in private practice before he would consent to any of the responsibilities of public office gained in politics. He is affiliated with the Benevolent and Protective Order of Elks, Knights of Pythias and the Fraternal Order of Eagles. On May 7, 1914, he married Miss Sue Whelan, daughter of Isaac Whelan, of Hamilton. They have one daughter, Betty C. HARRY J. KOEHLER, JR. In a dozen years since his admission to the bar Harry J. Koehler, Jr., has won an enviable position as a successful attorney in Butler County, and is also a recognized leader in the democratic party in his section of Ohio. Mr. Koehler was born at Hamilton, March 6, 1890, son of Harry J. Koehler, Sr. As a boy he was known as an exceptionally brilliant student. He graduated from high school in 1907, and, entering the law department of the University of Cincinnati, received his Bachelor of Laws degree June 4, 1910. Since then he has built up a large general practice. In 1915, at the age of twenty-five, he was elected city solicitor of Hamilton, and he was twice reelected, in 1917 and again in November, 1919. In November, 1921, he was elected mayor of Hamilton, taking up his duties as chief executive of the city in January, 1922. His name became known all over the State of Ohio as being one of the young men of gifted leadership in the democratic party. Fraternally he is affiliated with the Benevolent and Protective Order of Elks, the Eagles and the Knights of Pythias. EDWARD MILLER. Many able students of humanity claim that the progress and development represented in modern civilization have depended primarily upon the work of the creative mind, the inventors and discoverers. Ohio has given a number of notable names to the roll of American inventors and scientists. One who has contributed a number of commercially successful inventions and machines for the manufacture of glass is Edward Miller of Columbus, proprietor of the Miller Machine and Mold Works. Mr. Miller is a native Ohioan, born at Tiffin in 1874, son of William and Anna (Smith) Miller. His mother was born in the duchy of Luxemburg and is still living. The late William Miller, born in Switzerland, was seven years of age when his parents came to America. The immigration was attended by great adventure and tragedy. The sailing vessel that carried them as passengers landed at Galveston, Texas, where the father of William Miller was soon stricken with the yellow fever. The widowed mother and her young children soon afterward went back to Switzerland. Three years later, however, they ventured again on a voyage to the new world, this time coming by the northern route to New York, and thence to Ohio. Arriving at Sandusky, the mother with her young son and two younger daughters walked a distance of nearly sixty miles to Forest, in Hardin County, where they settled. William Miller during his active life followed the trade of carpenter, and he possessed a highly inventive and mechanical trend of mind, characteristics that have descended to his son. In his native town of Tiffin, Edward Miller acquired a public school education and learned the machinist's trade. He was about twenty-seven when he came to Columbus in 1901, and was soon employed as machinist in the plant of the Federal Glass Company. The president of the company then was the 40 - HISTORY OF OHIO late R. J. Beatty. While earning his living by his trade as a machinist Mr. Miller had his mind centered on many problems that he had been studying, working up to the devising of machinery and special appliances to improve the technic of glass manufacture as then in practice. Not long after going into the glass plant Mr. Miller submitted various drawings embodying his ideas to Mr. Beatty. The latter showed much interest in the work and encouraged him to go on and work out his plans. Accordingly, in 1902 Mr. Miller, whose capital at that time hardly exceeded $50, installed a small shop in a corner of the Federal Glass Company's plant and used this to build his machine. His efforts were successful, and by 1906 his business had grown to a point where he was able to establish a larger and independent plant of his own at 705-719 Ann Street, South of Livingston Avenue. This has since developed into a notable industry, and one of a small number found in the country manufacturing special and highly technical machinery for glass manufacture. The machinery manufactured by the Miller Machine & Mold Works has all been designed by Mr. Miller. His plant manufactures automatic glass pressing and blowing machinery, including machines for the manufacture of glass bottles, jars, milk bottles, tumblers, electric light shades, globes, etc. New machines are being added from time to time and improvements on old machines are frequently made. Mr. Miller is a member of the Ohio Manufacturers Association, National Metal Trades Association, the Columbus Metal Trades Association, the Order of Elks and Holy Rosary Church. He married Miss Ann Augusta Burns. She was born in Columbus. Their two children are Florian Edward and Dorothea Agnes. DAVID PIERCE has not only been very successful in the general practice of law, but has exercised an unusual influence in public affairs, though seldom in public office. For many years his home has been at Hamilton, where he is one of the most respected members of the bar. He was born in Preble County, Ohio, October 18, 1857, and comes of an old American and Revolutionary family. He is of the same original stock from which Franklin Pierce, elected President of the United States in 1852, was descended. David Pierce 's great-grandfather, Ephraim Ladd, marched in the "Lexington Alarm" at the beginning of the Revo- lution. The great-great-grandfather, John Rails-back, was one of the farmers who came at the call of Benjamin Franklin to assist in moving Braddock 's army in its campaign against the French and Indians. He was with Braddock in his defeat and helped bury that British general. The maternal grandfather of David Pierce, Hon. David Barnet, was twice a member of the Constitutional Convention of Ohio, and was the first president of the Cincinnati, Hamilton & Richmond Railway Company. He also held many other official positions. David Pierce grew up on a farm in Preble County, and was educated in public schools there. He attended the Normal College at Danville, Indiana, and was first known in the City of Hamilton, Ohio, as principal of the Fifth Ward School. He took up the study of law with the firm of Banning & Davidson of Cincinnati, and in 1882 graduated from the Cincinnati Law College. For a time he practiced law in Preble County, and in 1885 declined a unanimous nomination on the democratic ticket to represent that county in the Ohio General Assembly. After removing to Hamilton he took an active part in democratic affairs in the county, serving Several years as a member of the central committee, and two years as its treasurer. For many years Mr. Pierce was a trustee of the Lane Free Library. He gave careful study to monetary problems in America, and the result of his studies was published in a volume of 250 pages, entitled "Money Brief," a volume that attracted a great deal of attention over the country, and received endorsements from W. J. Bryan, from James K. Jones, chairman of the Democratic National Committee, and from many other prominent democrats. The book contains the coinage laws of the United States and the defense of the principles of the free coinage of gold and silver. Mr. Pierce was a member of the Ohio Constitutional Convention of 1912. He is a thirty-second degree Scottish Rite Mason. On July 31, 1895, he married Miss Nettie Chadwick, daughter of George Clinton and Margaret Ellen Chadwick. Mrs. Pierce, who died June 19, 1922, was for a number of years president of the Hamilton Chapter of the Daughters of the American Revolution. GEORGE M. CUMMINS, M. D. It is twenty-three years since Doctor Cummins began his work as a physician and surgeon at Hamilton. His clientage recognizes the fine quality of his devoted and capable service, and he has become well known in the ranks of his profession all over Southern Ohio. Doctor Cummins was born at Hamilton, Ohio, in 1876, and was reared and educated in Butler County. He graduated from high school in 1896, and then entered the Medical College of Ohio. He received his Doctor of Medicine degree in 1900, and for several months practiced at Dayton, but in November of the same year returned to Hamilton. Doctor Cummins has kept in touch with his profession by much post-graduate work, and his exceptional skill as a surgeon has become so well recognized that he now confines most of his attention to general surgery. He is a member of the Butler County, Ohio State and American Medical associations, also the Union District Medical Society, and is a former president of the County Medical Society. Fraternally he is affiliated with the Knights of Pythias. Doctor Cummins married Miss Mary Clyne, and they have one son, George C. Cummins. WALTON S. BOWERS. In the successful practice of law Walton S. Bowers has been engaged in his native city of Hamilton for over twenty years. He brought to his profession a thorough education and sound natural gifts, and in his practice has found that satisfaction derived from the sense of being valuable to his clients and deserving of the esteem of his fellow citizens. He was born at Hamilton January 5, 1879, son of Stephen D. and Susan E. (Walton) Bowers. His parents are now deceased. His only living brother is Leigh H. Bowers, who is located at Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, and is superintendent of long distance telephone lines for independent companies. Walton S. Bowers was educated in the public schools, graduating from high school in 1898. He took his law degree in Ohio State University in 1901, and in the same year returned to Hamilton and has since been engaged in private practice. He has been honored with election as president of the Butler County Bar Association. He is an influential republican in politics, but so far has not sought political honors. Mr. Bowers is a director of the Industrial Castings Company, and is vice president, secretary and director of the Frischling Dairy Company. He is unmarried. During the World war he was a committee worker in all the Liberty Loan, Red Cross and other drives, and acted as legal adviser to the draft board. He is a member of the Chamber of Commerce, belongs to the Knights of Pythias and Benevolent and HISTORY OF OHIO- 41 Protective Order of Elks, and while not a member is affiliated with the Methodist Church in religious belief. HUGH DANIEL SCHELL, M. D. For over forty years the name Schell has been associated with the practice of medicine in Hamilton. Dr. H. D. Schell has been busily engaged in his professional work there for over seventeen years, and his record supplements that of his honored father, who was one of the most honored physicians of Butler County. His father, Dr. S. M. Schell, was a native of Ingersol, Ontario, Canada, and married Miss Emily Lamport, of Woodstock, Ontario. Dr. S. M. Schell was a graduate of the Homeopathic College of Cleveland, and throughout his professional career lived at Hamilton, where he enjoyed exceptional success in his profession. He died there April 27, 1917. He and his wife had a large family of five sons and four daughters. The oldest son, Fred, now lives in Brazil, and is an employe of the Brazilian government; Carl is assistant postmaster of Hamilton; Edward S. is a dentist, practicing at Cincinnati; Lee is a practicing dentist at Seattle, Washington; and Dr. H. D. is the second youngest of the sons. The daughters are: Mrs. W. B. Chaffey, of Mildura, Australia; Miss Lillian, of Cincinnati; Mary Schell, a kindergarten teacher at Gary, Indiana; and Mrs. Elizabeth Jacobs, of New York City. Dr. H. D. Schell was born at Hamilton, in 1879, and as a boy attended the grade and high schools of his native city. He finished his literary education at Miami University, graduating in 1902, and then entered the Hahnemann Medcal College of Philadelphia. He received his degree of Doctor of Medicine in 1906, and after a year as interne in the Homeopathic Hospital at Pittsburgh, returned to Hamilton and became associated with his father, carrying an increasing share of the burdens of the practice of the elder Schell until the latter 's death. Since then Doctor Schell has practiced alone and is regarded as one of the ablest representatives of homeopathic medicine in Southern Ohio. During the World war Doctor Schell received a commission as first lieutenant in the Medical Reserve Corps, and on November 1, 1918, was called to duty at Greenville, South Carolina, and assigned to the Eighty-ninth Infantry. He received his honorable discharge February 1, 1919. He is a member of the Butler County Medical Society, the Homeopathic Medical Society of Ohio, the American Institute of Homeopathy, the American Association of Medico-Physical Research. His college fraternities are the Phi Delta Theta and the Phi Alpha Gamma, and he is a York and thirty-second degree Scottish Rite Mason, a Knights Templar and a Noble of the Mystic Shrine. He also belongs to the Benevolent and Protective Order of Elks. STEPHEN ULYSSES SIVON, M. D. In the ten years of his career since graduating from medical college Doctor Sivon has found his abilities gone more and more into the field of surgery, and he is one of the accomplished men in that branch of his profession in Portage County. His home is at Ravenna. Doctor Sivon was born in Cleveland, September 2, 1886, son of Charles and Catherine (Flowers) Sivon. His father was born at Nancy, France, and his mother, in Alsace-Lorraine. He came to Cleveland, and for many years was a foreman in the Gordon Park, but is now retired. The mother of Doctor Sivon died in 1900. Stephen U. Sivon attended the public schools of Cleveland, including high school, and continued his higher education in Western Reserve University and the Ohio Wesleyan University at Delaware. He was graduated in medicine at Western Reserve in 1912. For five years he practiced at Sebring, Ohio, and during the World war was a member of the Medical Reserve Corps at Sebring and for a time was Government examiner at Youngstown. Since then he has practiced at Ravenna. He is also a specialist in diagnosis and has a complete equipment for X-ray examinations. He served as county surgeon of Portage County in 1922, and is a member of the Portage County and Ohio State Medical associations, the American Medical Association and the American Clinical Congress of Surgeons. In September, 1912, Doctor Sivon married Ethel Edmonds, a native of Perry, Lake County, Ohio, and a daughter of James and Lianar (Hungerford) Edmonds. Her parents were pioneer settlers at Leroy, Ohio. Doctor and Mrs. Sivon have three children: Iola Sivon, Lynn Edmonds and Ruth Louise. Doctor and Mrs. Sivon are members of the Christian Church, and he was a trustee of the church at Sebring. He is a republican in politics, and is affiliated with the Independent Order of Odd Fellows and Knights of Pythias at Ravenna. HON. JOSEPH L. HEFFERNAN, judge of the Municipal Court of Youngstown, was appointed to that office by Governor Vic Donahey, on March 13, 1923, to fill a vacancy. He became a candidate for election, was endorsed by the non-partisan Citizen's Committee and on November 6, 1923, was elected for the regular four-year term, receiving the largest vote given any candidate in the history of Mahoning County. His total vote was over 22,000, nearly 8,000 more than his nearest republican competitor, and 2,000 more than given the successful candidate for mayor. It was a remark. able expression of confidence and esteem. It is only on rare occasions that a man comes to the responsibilities of such an office as judge with such qualifications of experience and knowledge of the world and humanity as are part of the character and training of Judge Heffernan. He lived as a boy at Youngstown, but between boyhood and his elevation to the bench intervened years of contact with the world that has brought him an appreciation of the environment and working conditions of nearly every class of American life. He even spent some time abroad, first as a newspaper correspondent, and later with the Expeditionary Forces during the World war. Judge Heffernan was born at Youngstown, February 8, 1887, son of John and Rose Ann (Flynn) Heffernan. His maternal grandmother, Jane Donnelly, was born ill Glasgow, Scotland, and his maternal grandfather, James Flynn, was born in County Clare, Ireland. His paternal grandparents, John and Catherine (Ryan) Heffernan, were both natives of County Tipperary, Ireland. Both his grandfathers came to America early in the last century, and both were contractors and builders. His paternal grandfather was for several years engaged in building work and in and around New York City, and later both grandfathers came west to Ohio, the Flynns living at Steubenville for several years, and it was there that Judge Heffernan's mother was- born. The Heffernans settled at Hubbard, now in Trumbull County, and subsequently both families moved to Youngstown, where the parents of Judge Heffernan married and reared their family of eight children. John Heffernan entered the iron and steel mills as a young man, and was one of the earliest iron workers in the Mahoning Valley industrial district. Judge Heffernan will always be an eager student in the school of life. His education so far as formal contact with schools was concerned covered a good many years, with wide intervals between. He attended school at Youngstown, also the district school at Coitsville Center in Mahoning County, a commercial 42 - HISTORY OF OHIO college at Youngstown, and then one at Los Angeles, California. He later qualified as a commercial teacher at the Zanerian Art College at Columbus, Ohio. For a time he studied at Valparaiso University in Indiana, and also in Ohio State University, and on his first trip abroad attended conferences and lectures at the famous Sorbonne in Paris. However, his treasured volumes, particularly Shakespeare, which he always had at his side while working in the steel mills and during his travels, supplied him with perhaps more self-acquired learning than came to him within the walls of any institution lie attended. After leaving grade school he worked several years in the steel mills of the Carnegie Steel Company at Youngstown. Judge Heffernan had more than the average boy 's thirst for travel and adventure, and for some ten years he indulged this inclination, particularly in the states of the West. After leaving home he labored with a steam shovel gang in the Middle West, cooked in the galley of an Ohio River steamboat, fished for pearls in the Wabash River near old Vincennes, presided as chef in the best restaurants in Bridgeport, Illinois, where he also worked in the oil fields, became an expert riveter in the oil districts of Oklahoma around Tulsa, went West and was a hotel clerk in the Westmore Hotel in Los Angeles, worked on the water front at San Francisco, was employed as an accountant with the working force engaged in building the Los Angeles aqueduct in the Mojave desert, prospected in the Death Valley region of the Southwest, and tramped all over that country and Northern Mexico. Later he returned East, was employed in a hotel at Atlantic City, and in 1910 took up newspaper work. His newspaper experience connected him with the editorial staff of The Telegram and The Vindicator at Youngstown, The Ohio State Journal at Columbus, and The Cleveland Leader. The year 1913 he spent abroad in Europe as a free lance, writing for American papers and magazines from London, Paris and the countries of the continent. He returned to America in 1914, just about the time the great war broke out. The next year he attended the San Francisco Exposition as a newspaper writer and representative of the McKinley Memorial Association. During all these years Judge Heffernan was steadily working toward the goal of his early aspirations, to become a lawyer. His studies were necessarily intermittent, and he has calculated that it took him nearly ten years from his first formal efforts until he took the bar examination at Columbus and was admitted to practice in 1916. Then followed a few months as a young attorney at Youngstown, but immediately after the United States declared war on Germany, in April, 1917, he enlisted, joining Hospital Unit Number 31, which was organized at Youngstown, and was trained at Allentown, Pennsylvania. He went overseas in 1917, and in France was transferred to the Intelligence Department, G-2-G, and upon the organization of the Stars and Stripes was assigned to that famous army paper. He was attached to the first army in the Argonne drive, and had many opportunities of reaching almost every part of the western front. After the armistice he went to Luxembourg with the first troops, entered Germany with the Army of Occupation, and later was assigned to the American Expeditionary Forces University at Beaune, France, as instructor in journalism. On May 13, 1919, he was honorably discharged, and soon afterward resumed his law practice in Youngstown, continuing so until he went on the bench of the Municipal Court in March, 1923. Judge Heffernan in his political experience has come to firmly believe in 'the American party system of government, and in organization within the parties. He has himself been a democrat as to party affilia tions, with progressive views. He was elected county chairman in Mahoning County and a member of the State Central Committee in 1922, and in the presidential campaign of 1920 was connected with the national headquarters at New York as assistant to James Campbell Cantrill, chief of organizations. Judge Heffernan married in 1919, at St. George 's, Shropshire, England, Beatrice Mary Jones, daughter of John and Martha (Lake) Jones, of Wattling House, St. George's, Shropshire, England. Her father was a builder, and the family have .long been identified with Shropshire, being substantial people of the traditional country British type. Mrs. Heffernan was educated as a teacher, receiving a certificate from Cambridge University, and is a young woman of keen intellect and exceptional learning. Judge Heffernan has a son seven years old by a former marriage with Catherine 0 'Connor, a distinguished newspaper woman of Ohio, the mother of his son dying at his birth. Mr. and Mrs. Heffernan have a baby daughter, Beatrice Martha Heffernan. Fraternally, Judge Heffernan is actively identified with the Benevolent and Protective Order of Elks and is now exalted ruler of Youngstown Lodge, No. 55. SAMUEL DUSTIN FITTON. After nearly sixty years of active connection with the banking interests of the City of Hamilton, Samuel Dustin Fitton died December 6, 1920. He came to be regarded as one of the ablest bankers in Ohio, and he remained loyal to his home city and state, once declining an offer of large responsibilities in the country's great financial center. He was born at Hamilton, June 21, 1846, son of James Fitton. His father was born in Heywood, England, and with his brothers, William and Samuel, came to the United States. They went to Cincinnati, having heard of a wagon manufacturer in that city of the same name and also from England. Mr. Fitton learned the wagon making trade, and he subsequently married the daughter of his employer, Hannah Bailey Fitton, who was a native of Manchester, England. On leaving Cincinnati James Fitton located at West Charleston, where he was in the mercantile business, and in April, 1844, moved to Hamilton, where he started a wagon making shop. He died suddenly when in the prime of his business energies. Several of his sons became prominent in Hamilton and elsewhere. His wife died in 1873. Samuel Dustin Fitton was educated in the National Furman Academy at Hamilton, also attended the public schools, and for a brief time worked in the store of his brother, Thomas Fitton. When he was sixteen years of age he became a messenger with the First National Bank of Hamilton. Soon afterwards he was promoted to teller, in 1867 became assistant cashier, and in 1894, cashier. In 1895, on the death of Asa Shuler, the president, he succeeded to that office and for fifteen years he guarded the destinies of this institution with such ability as to make it the strongest bank in Hamilton and one of the strongest in the state. The late Mr. Fitton used his power and financial possessions to promote the solid business interests at Hamilton in many ways. He was one of the promoters of the Niles Tool Works Company of Hamilton and the Niles Bement Pond Company of New York, serving as vice president of the former and a director of the latter. He was a member of the executive committee of the American Bankers Association, was president of the Ohio State Bankers Association and first president of the Hamilton Clearing House Association. He caused the municipal gas works to be built at Hamilton, negotiating the sale of the bonds to a British syndicate in New York. He was a member of Hamilton's first board HISTORY OF OHIO - 43 of park commissioners, and after the flood of 1913, as president of the Chamber of Commerce, wielded an influence that brought new life to the city. He was a director of the Young Men 's Christian Association and the Mercy Hospital, contributing liberally to both these institutions. He was one of the founders of the Hamilton Club and the Butler County Country Club, serving as president of both. He was an active worker in the First Methodist Episcopal Church. In 1888 Mr. Fitton married Miss Mary Falconer, daughter of the distinguished Dr. Cyrus Falconer. She died in August, 1921. There are two sons, Cyrus J. and Donald Webb Fitton. Cyrus J. Fitton, who was born March 14, 1889, was educated in the public schools of Hamilton, graduated from Princeton University with the class of 1912, and from Harvard Law School in 1915. He has been one of the rising young attorneys of the City of Hamilton since the fall of 1915. However, he spent nearly two years in the army during the World war, enlisting October 4, 1917, and receiving his honorable discharge at Camp Sherman September 15, 1919. He went overseas to France, June, 1918, as a private, and on November 1, 1918, was promoted to second lieutenant. He is a member of the Butler County, Ohio State and American Bar associations. Cyrus J. Fitton married Miss Elaine Jones, of Cambridge, Massachusetts, September 2, 1922. She is a graduate of Radcliff College with the class of 1914, is a member of the Kappa Alpha Theta sorority, and is prominent in club and social life at Hamilton. Donald Webb Fitton, the younger son, was born April 18, 1890, at Hamilton. He was educated in the public schools, graduated in 1912 from Prince: ton University, and then with his parents and brother spent a number of months abroad in travel through England, Wales, Scotland, France, Holland, Italy and Germany. After returning home he accepted the post of assistant cashier in the First National Bank, and on August 1, 1923, was elected vice president of that institution. He is a Master Mason. Donald W. Fitton married Miss Nannie Vaden, of Richmond, Virginia, daughter of Louis and Kate Vaden. Mrs. Fitton is a graduate of Randolph Macon Woman's College of Virginia. They have three children: Cyrus Falconer, born October 28, 1921; Kate Porter, born November 20, 1922; and Donald Webb, born April 27, 1924. THOMAS CLIVE JONES, president of the Delaware Gas Company, has had an experience of more than a third of a century in the commercial production and distribution of both artificial and natural gas. For many years he has been an acknowledged expert in this industry, has been an official of numerous state and national bodies connected with the gas business, and his practical and technical knowledge have been made available not only through these official services but through many addresses and other contributions to the literature on the subject. In a business career that has made him one of Ohio 's successful men Thomas Clive Jones has measured up to the high standards of a notable family and ancestry. The Jones family has been in Delaware County for a century. Mr. Jones was born on his father 's farm in Troy Township, November 17, 1867, son of Thomas C. and Harriet (Williams) Jones, his mother a native of Ohio and his father of North Wales. His grandfather, Robert Jones, brought his family to the United States from Wales in 1822, and after many hardships on sea and after landing he and his brother Davis arrived at the little frontier Village of Delaware. Robert developed a farm a few miles east of the town, and there reared his family. His son, Thomas C. Jones, was six years of age when the family settled in Delaware County. He acquired a district school education, learned the routine of farm life, also became a carpenter, and later studied law with an older brother. In 1838 he was delegated with the responsibility of going to England to look after an estate in which his father had an entailed interest. He remained abroad eighteen months. Thomas C. Jones was admitted to the bar in 1841, in 1859 was elected a member of the State Senate, serving two terms, and was chairman of the committee on public works and a member of the finance and judiciary committees. In 1861 he was elected judge of the first sub-division of the Sixth Judicial District of Ohio, and was on the bench ten years. Many of the best honors of the law, public affairs and politics came to him and he proved worthy of them all. He was chairman in 1868 of the Ohio State delegation to the Republican National Convention at Chicago which nominated Grant and Colfax, also held the same position in 1876 when the republican convention nominated Hayes and Wheeler in Cincinnati. In 1869 he was sent to Minnesota by President Grant to investigate the Indian affairs in that state, and in 1880 was sent by President Hayes on a mission to England relative to cattle raising in that country. He was a member and president of the State Board of Agriculture, was trustee of the Ohio Agricultural College, was chairman of the jury to award honors in the cattle department of the Centennial Exposition at Philadelphia in 1876, and in 1881 was appointed a member of a commission, under a special act of Congress, to report on the agricultural needs of the Pacific states. While an able lawyer, much of his time and thoughts were devoted to agricultural problems. His writings on farm subjects commanded national recognition. He was the first president of the Ohio Association of Breeders of Short Horn Cattle. The wife of Judge Thomas C. Jones, Harriet Williams, represented a family of not less prominence and distinction in Central Ohio. Her father was Hon. Hosea Williams. He was of Welsh descent. Several brothers of the name Williams came to New England in Colonial times. Charles Williams, ancestor of Hosea Williams, died at Colchester, Connecticut, April 14, 1740, at the age of ninety-four, and was survived by six sons. One of them, Nathan Williams, married, September 16, 1725, Elizabeth Lewis, also of Welsh ancestry. Their family consisted of four sons and five daughters. One of them, Abraham Williams, born July 21, 1726, married Vesta Hunt. Their son, Abraham, Jr., born September 16, 1765, married Anna Chamberlain, and they became the parents of Hosea Williams. Their home was in Berkshire until after the marriage of their only child Hosea to Charlotte Elizabeth Avery on May 29, 1817. Charlotte Avery was a half sister of Governor E. D. Morgan of New York. After this event the family moved to the undeveloped region known as the Scioto Valley in Ohio, and stayed at Delaware until their home was built on a 300-acre farm. After getting Hosea and his wife comfortably settled his parents returned to Massachusetts, but in 1825 rejoined their son. Hosea had the education of the usual New England youth, a son of well-to-do parents. For a short time he clerked in Pittsfield, Massachusetts. From the farm in the Scioto Valley he moved to Delaware and became a merchant, a business he followed many years and with notable enterprise and success. He was able in business and had the public spirit of a community builder. He did much for early churches and schools and the improvement of highways, and was also liberal in his donations to some of the pioneer Ohio railroads. While living on the farm he served as county com- 44 - HISTORY OF OHIO missioner, and at Delaware he became a village official, later judge of the Court of Common Pleas, and in 1845 was elected first president of the Delaware County Branch of the State Bank of Ohio. He was a member of the State Board of Control of the institution until its charter expired. Upon the reorganization of the Delaware Bank he was chosen its first president, an office he filled until his death. Judge Williams was one of the first directors of the Cleveland, Columbus & Cincinnati Railroad and was instrumental in causing this company to run all of its trains through Delaware which heretofore had used only the direct line about three miles east of town. In 1869 Judge Williams took over the Delaware Gas Company, and reorganized it in 1870, placing the corporation on a sound financial basis and installing the most practical and modern gas machinery of the day. This was really the beginning of the business now so ably carried on by his grandson, T. C. Jones, the subject of this sketch. Associated with Judge Howard in 1838, he erected a paper mill in what is now the Village of Stratford. With the example of men like his father and grandfather before him, Thomas Clive Jones had a constant impetus to make the best of his time and abilities. He attended the public schools of Delaware, took the academic course of Kenyon College in Gambier, and the commercial course at the Spencerian Business College in Washington, D. C. On returning to Delaware he became a collector for the Delaware Gas Company, and with the exception of a few years has been identified almost continuously with this corporation. In 1886-1888 he was teller for the Columbus Gas Company, Columbus, Ohio. For two years he was engaged in the coal and feed business under the firm name of Baker & Jones, selling this business to resume his connection with the Delaware Gas Company. He was made its superintendent in 1891, and president in 1905. In 1902 the plant was reconstructed for the distribution of natural gas, which gave Mr. Jones the opportunity to put some of his matured ideas and aggressive policies into effect, and the business responded in a way to prove the value of his plans and justify his foresight in every improvement. Under his direction the Delaware Gas Company 's properties have become a perfect system of their kind. There has always been a studied policy to keep the system thoroughly modern and its facilities adequate for all emergencies. This policy has been maintained by the laying of larger pipe lines, installing duplex district governors, and other facilities that promote efficiency of operation as well as economy. The company owns the finest modern fireproof office building in Delaware. Its facilities and service have made it one of the modern organizations of the kind in the state. In 1901 Mr. Jones bought a third interest in the Coshocton Gas Company, Coshocton, Ohio. This property, to which was extended the same business policy that proved so effective in Delaware, at once responded similarly. Mr. Jones' standing as an authority in the gas industry can best be understood by noting some of the larger honors and responsibilities that have come to him. He was made a member of the Ohio Gas Light Association in 1892, served for many years on its executive committee and for eight years was its secretary. In 1898 he was elected a member of the American Gas Association, and in 1900 joined the Michigan Gas Association. In 1909, at the urgent solicitation of the board of directors, he was chosen acting secretary and treasurer of the Natural Gas Association, on account of the serious illness of the regular official, Mr. J. F. Owens of Tulsa, Oklahoma. At the next annual meeting Mr. Jones was persuaded to become the permanent secretary-treasurer. At that time the association had a membership of less than 150. Mr. Jones continued in office until 1919, and during that time built up the membership to over 1,500, and increased its power as an effective organization even more proportionately. As secretary of this and the old Ohio Association for nearly twenty years he edited and published all the annual volumes of their proceedings. He was a charter member of the American Gas Institute and became its first treasurer. Mr. Jones was one of the organizers and charter members of the Ohio Gas & Oil Association in 1918, and has since been on its board of directors and executive committee. In 1923 he was elected president of this flourishing organization of over 2,500 members, which position he now occupies. At the meetings and conventions of these various associations Mr. Jones has contributed many formal and technical papers and addresses, and his experience has constituted him a real expert engineer in the science and practical art of gas production, distribution and handling, and he has often been called on to act as an expert in matters pertaining to the gas industry as consulting engineer. He is a member of all the Masonic bodies of Delaware, Knights Templar of Marion, and the Mystic Shrine of Columbus. In 1889 Mr. Jones married Miss Sue E. Baker, daughter of Henry L. and Mary A. Baker, of Delaware. Mr. and Mrs. Jones are members of St. Peter's Episcopal Church, of which Mr. Jones was a vestryman for a number of years. The only son is Thomas Clive Jones, Jr., born November 18, 1895. He is a graduate of the Delaware High School, and from there entered Case School of Applied Science in Cleveland, where he was graduated mechanical engineer in 1917. In May, 1917, he was selected as one of the young men of Delaware to join the Field Hospital Unit being organized there, became a sergeant, and later was transferred to the Field Artillery and after attending the Officers' Training School at Camp Taylor, at Louisville, Kentucky, was commissioned a lieutenant. Until the armistice was signed he was on duty as instructor in the Motor School at Camp Taylor. In 1919 he became associated with the Aluminum Company of America, as assistant to the supervisor of plants, with headquarters at Cleveland, and later was transferred to St. Louis, Missouri, as assistant to the sales manager of the Southwest territory. WILLIAM DUNCAN MERRY. Representing a family that has been prominent in Noble County for a century, William Duncan Merry in his individual career has been a teacher, merchant and banker, and his official connection with the Farmers & Merchants Bank of Caldwell has been in an important degree responsible for the remarkable progress of this institution, one of the most prosperous banks in Southeastern Ohio. Mr. Merry, who is president of the bank, was born on a farm near Sarahsville, Noble County, August 1, 1867. His grandfather, Ambrose Merry, was born in New York in 1762, and in 1817 came West, overland, to Belmont County, Ohio, and in 1823 settled in Noble County. He was a farmer and stock raiser, entering Government lands in Center Township, and was one of the influential pioneers who permanently impressed their character upon the county. He lived to the remarkable age of one hundred and six years, dying in 1868. As a boy he had experienced the conditions of the War of the Revolution, and he lived through three other wars, the War of 1812, the Mexican war, and saw the Civil war HISTORY OF OHIO - 45 fought to an end. Ambrose Merry married Samantha Wickham whose brother, William Wickham, was a Revolutionary soldier. Calton Merry, father of the Caldwell banker, was born in Belmont County, Ohio, June 30, 1817, was reared from childhood in Noble County, and became a prosperous farmer in Center Township. He became one of the original republicans, was active in local affairs, and for many years was a deacon in the Christian Church. He died in 1878. His wife was Isabella Mitchell, who was born in New York State in 1825, her parents coming from Scotland and settling in Johnstown, New York. In 1825, soon after her birth, they started West by the Erie Canal, which had just been opened, and settled in Guernsey County, Ohio. Her father for many years was a mechanic at Cumberland. She died in 1894. Their son, William Duncan Merry, was the youngest child. William Duncan Merry was educated in public schools, and at the age of sixteen obtained a teacher's certificate. He taught several years in the country districts, and from 1894 to 1900 served as school examiner of Noble County. He was granted a state teacher 's life certificate. His time was divided between teaching school and farming until 1903. In the meantime his abilities had gained him a substantial reputation, so that he had no difficulty in obtaining credit to ;tart him in the general mercantile business at Sarahsville in 1903. He was a merchant there until 1909, when he sold out and moved to the State of Washington, and became president of the Lake Stevens Trading Company, Incorporated, operating a large commissary store at a lumber camp on Lake Stevens, ten miles from Everett, Washington. Mr. Merry in 1911 returned to Caldwell, and in November of that year organized the Farmers & Merchants Bank. Hon. Martin B. Archer became its first president, and Mr. Merry the first cashier. The charter was granted in March, 1912, and the record of growth has been made in a little more than ten years. A fine structure was purchased for the home of the bank, the bank having the street level floor while the upper floor is used for offices. Mr. Merry has been president of the bank since 1916. The Farmers & Merchants Bank has enjoyed the greatest growth of any bank in the county. It started with a capital of $30,000, and the capital has been increased to $60,000, while in the same time $30,000 in cash dividends and $30,000 in stock dividends have been paid out of the accumulative surplus. A recent bank statement shows $60,000 surplus and undivided profits. Mr. Merry as an individual and also through his bank took a prominent part in raising funds for the World war, acting as an immediate agency in the sale of Liberty Bonds and the raising of funds for Red Cross and other purposes. Mr. Merry was also directly instrumental in securing the first state aid good road in Noble County, a highway extending from Caldwell to Carlisle. However, his chief hobby in a civic way is education. Since 1914 he has served as president of the Caldwell School Board, and has also actively promoted lecture courses and chautauquas and other educational programs. He is financial secretary of the Methodist Episcopal Church, holding that office for the past ten years, and has put the church on a sound financial footing. He is also an active worker in Sunday school, and is a member of the Masonic Lodge and Scioto Consistory of the Scottish Rite at Columbus. He was chairman of the executive committee of Group 7 of the State Bankers Association. May 4, 1892, Mr. Merry was united in marriage to Miss Mary Jane Young. She was born and reared at Sarahsville, and likewise represents an old and prominent family of Noble County. Her grandfather, Henry J. Young, was born in Rhode Island in 1819, son of William Young, who came as an early pioneer settler to Noble County in 1825. Henry J. Young became a very prosperous farmer. Benjamin Franklin Young, father of Mrs. Merry, was born February 9, 1849, in Center Township, and was a farmer there until 1908, when he removed to Knox County, Ohio, and since 1916 has lived on a farm in Muskingum County. Mrs. Merry is active in church work and social affairs, and was the organizer and is president of the New Era Club of Caldwell. Mr. and Mrs. Merry have three children, Susan Isabella, Adah Marguerite and William Donald. Both the daughters are members of the Daughters of the American Revolution. Susan Isabella is a graduate in music from Ohio University, did postgraduate work in the Oberlin College Conservatory of Music, and was a teacher until her marriage to Heber G. Slack. Mr. Slack is a real estate man at Zanesville. They have one son, James. William Slack. Adah Marguerite is a graduate of Ohio University and was a teacher in the Caldwell High School. She is the wife of Earl G. Kegerreis, who was an auditor with the Ford Motor Company at Detroit for eight years. They have one son, Robert James Kegerreis. Mr. Kegerreis now owns and operates a prosperous baking business in Westerville, Ohio. William Donald is a student at Ohio University at Columbus, Ohio, registered in the premedical course. HARRY E. RICHTER. Among the young men of Columbus who came out of school and went into banking and won for themselves conspicuous places in the financial life of the city, one of the most remarkable records is that of Harry E. Richter, who in a comparatively brief period of years rose from the duties of messenger boy to president of one of the old and substantial banks, the Capital City Bank. Since retiring from banking he has organized and directed a local industrial organization, the Domestic Engineering Company. Mr. Richter was born in Columbus, where the family name has been prominently connected for a great many years. His father, the late Henry Richter, a noted building contractor, was born in Hesse-Darmstadt, Germany, in 1853, son of Charles and Dorothea (Geissler) Richter. His parents came to America. in 1858, and after a brief residence at Philadelphia, moved in 1860 to Franklin County, Ohio, locating on a farm near Grove City. Though in this country only a short time, and like many other German immigrants, Charles Richter joined the Union army in the Civil war, enlisting in 1864 with the One Hundred Eighty-fifth Ohio Volunteer Infantry and serving until the close of hostilities. Henry Richter acquired all his education in American schools. His home was on the farm until fourteen, when he was apprenticed to learn the carpenter 's trade. Though furnishing his own tools, he was paid a salary of only eight dollars a month during his first employment. He was a journeyman carpenter until 1875, when he went into the building and contracting business on his own account at Columbus. His efficiency and thoroughness won for him a rapidly growing business, and he was one of Columbus' most public spirited citizens. Specializing in residence construction, he built nearly all the fine homes on South High Street. Some of the homes of the city that testify to his handiwork were those of John Siebert, William Bobb and Conrad Born, Jr. He also built part of the Lilley Company's building, was superintendent of construction of the Great Southern Hotel, the Carnegie Library and the Columbus Savings & Trust Building. Individually he became owner of much valuable property in Columbus and was vice president of the Columbus Structural 46 - HISTORY OF OHIO Steel Company, treasurer of the Union Building and Loan Association and director of the Ohio National Bank. Frequently he was honored with positions of trust and emolument and was prominent in fraternal, social and business organizations. He was a thirty-second degree Scottish Rite Mason, a member of the Independent Order of Odd Fellows, was first president of the Master Carpenters' Association, and his fondness for outdoor life and the sports of hunting and fishing brought him membership in the Buckeye Fishing Club and similar clubs. He was a republican in politics, a member of the First German Independ- ent Protestant Church, a trustee of the Home for the Aged and a generous contributor to this institution and other charitable organizations, taking a special interest in the work of Mercy Hospital and the Children's Hospital. His broad humanitarian spirit kept his energies and influence constantly invested in worthy causes and civic enterprises. In 1900 he was appointed a member of the Decennial Board of Columbus, serving a year and one-half and subsequently under the Governor Harmon administration he was made a member of the State Penitentiary Board. While on this board he became responsible for many improvements made in the State Penitentiary, both in its administration and its equipment and facilities. Henry Richter married Mary A. Trapp, who died in 1912. Henry Richter passed away in 1914. Harry E. Richter was educated in the public schools, and on leaving the Central High School began his duties as a messenger in the old Capital City Bank. One of his qualifications even in those years was a very attractive personality. This, combined with his youthful enthusiasm, his faithful attention to duty and his evident talent for the banking business, brought him to the favorable attention of the president of the bank, the late R. R. Rickley. Mr. Richter went rapidly up the rounds of promotion and responsibility, and upon the death of Mr. Rickley the board of directors chose him as the next president. At that time he was one of the youngest bank executives in Ohio. After he had been president nearly two years the Capital City Bank was merged with the Citizens Trust & Savings Company. Mr. Richter continued in the service of the consolidated concern, and subsequently, when the company established a branch bank at the corner of High and Russell streets, Mr. Richter was given the place of manager of the branch. On August 1, 1923, he resigned his duties as a banker, after a continuous service of over twenty years. On retiring from the bank he established the Domestic Engineering Company, of which he is president. This company does a large business as dealer in and with facilities for installing industrial and domestic oil burners. Mr. Richter is a Royal Arch Mason, a member of the Knights of Pythias and Elks. Like others of the Richter family, he early in life developed musical talent, and for many years has enjoyed a place of local note as a baritone. For almost fifteen years he was a member of the choir of Holy Rosary Catholic Church, the rector of which was Rt. Rev. Monsignor Francis W. Howard, now Bishop of Covington, Kentucky. Although not a Catholic himself, Mr. Richter found in Father Howard one of his warmest personal friends. He was a member of the Ohio National Guard, Fourth Regiment, for six years. Mr. Richter married Miss Margaret Monroe, of Kenton, Ohio. Their four children are: Virginia, Harry E., Jr., Dorothy and James Robert. RAYMOND RUSH WARREN, M. D. It is a proof of exceptional energy and endurance as well as great devotion that Dr. Raymond Rush Warren devoted fifty years of his life to the demands of an extensive country practice-in Southeastern Ohio. His home is at Lower Salem, in Washington County, and for the past two or three years he has been relieving himself so far as possible of the heavier responsibilities of medical practice. Doctor Warren comes of a family of physicians, his father having been one of the honored men in this profession before him, and one of his sons is now regarded as the leading surgeon in the Lower Salem section of the county. Doctor Warren's ancestors came to America on the first and second trips of the Mayflower, and were identified with some of the early history of old Massachusetts and New England. Doctor Warren was born in Liberty Township, Washington County, December 31, 1852, son of Dr. Justus M. and Belinda (Kidd) Warren, and grandson of James Warren, who was a youth of nine years when the Warren family came to Ohio and settled at Marietta in 1805. The Warrens moved out into the back country in the woods, making a home in what was then Washington County but subsequently became Noble County. For some years after the family settled here they reached their nearest market town at Marietta by a trail through woods. James Warren married Huldah Tuttle. Both were members of the Baptist Church. Dr. Justus M. Warren was born near Caldwell, in Noble County. He read medicine in Doctor Brown's office at Macksburg, and though his death occurred when only forty-one years of age, at Germantown, Ohio, in 1867, he had given the full measure of his strength to a medical practice that took him to every part of Washington County. He served as a captain of militia during the Civil war, and was once elected justice of the peace, but finding that the duties interfered with his practice he resigned. He was an official member of the Baptist Church, a democrat, and a charter member of Masterton Lodge No. 429 of the Masonic Order. His widow, Belinda Kidd, survived him many years, passing away in 1900. Their old homestead in the country subsequently was acquired by their son, Dr. Raymond Rush Warren, who quite recently passed it on to the next generation, donating it to his daughters. In the family of Justus M. Warren and wife were four sons and two daughters: Raymond Rush; J. J.; Whipple; C. W., a Washington County farmer who died in 1912; Ida, the deceased wife of Wilson Barnes; Jenny, wife of Charles Pierce, near Watertown; and Don U., of Marietta. Raymond Rush Warren grew up in a rural district, attending country schools, was also a student in Denison University, read medicine in the office of Dr. W. T. Martin, and finished his medical education at the Baltimore Medical College. It was in the year 1874 that he started practice in his old home community, and he kept up the riding and driving over the hills of that section for nearly fifty years, doing the heaviest part of his work before the era of telephones, automobiles or good roads. Finally, in 1922, he moved to Lower Salem. For many years he also engaged in farming. Doctor Warren married Miss Jane M. Dearth, daughter of John Dearth, of Louisville, Ohio. To their marriage were born six children. Two daughters now deceased were Mary E., wife of Peter Stickrath, and Erma B., whose husband was David Dutton. The granddaughter, Flossie Stickrath, who makes her home with Doctor Warren, completed her education in Muskingum College. The grandson graduated in dentistry from Ohio State University in 1923, and is now practicing at Ironton, Ohio. During the World war he served in the Ordnance Department, training at Camp Taylor, Kentucky. There are four living children of Doctor Warren. Dr. J. M. graduated in dentistry from the State Uni- HISTORY OF OHIO - 47 versity in 1914, and engaged in practice at Sebring, Ohio. He is a member of Masterton Lodge No. 429 of the Masonic order. The daughter, Miss Lola Warren, finished her musical education in Wallace School at Columbus, and is now teaching a class in music at Caldwell. The other daughter, Myra J., is a trained nurse at Ironton, Ohio. Doctor Warren's physician son is Dr. John R. Warren. He graduated in medicine in 1917 at Ohio State University, and had nineteen months of hospital experience at St. Francis Hospital. A volunteer for the World war, he was commissioned a first lieutenant, was trained at Camp Gordon, Georgia, and had been assigned duty in Siberia when the war ended. For a time he practiced medicine at Santoy, Ohio, and is now located at Lower Salem. Like his father, he is a member of Masterton Lodge No. 429 of the Masonic order. HON. GEORGE WHITE, who was chairman of the Democratic National Committee in 1920, became interested in politics many years ago, and among other services represented the Fifteenth Ohio District in Congress for three terms. Mr. White, who has been a resident of Marietta for twenty years, is one of the prominent oil men of the state. He was born at Elmira, New York, August 21, 1872, son of Charles W. and Mary (Back) White. In 1874 his parents removed to Titusville, Pennsylvania, where his father in addition to the jewelry business had some interest in the oil fields. Charles W. White died in 1904, when about fifty-seven years of age. He was a republican in politics. As a boy of fifteen he had run away from home to join the Union army, but his father overtook him at Pittsburgh, spanked him and took him home. George White is one of two children. His sister, Bertha, lives with their mother in Pittsburgh. George White was educated in the public schools of Titusville, and after leaving high school entered Princeton University, where he graduated Bachelor of Arts in 1895. At Princeton he was a student under Woodrow Wilson and Professor Daniels, and was strongly influenced by their views on the tariff, and early in his voting expericnce he became identified with the democratic party. After leaving university he taught school at Titusville a part of one year. His plans were for a career as a lawyer, but an incidental employment with the Devonian Oil Company at Pittsburgh led him into a new field. In 1898 Mr. White with an Alaska "sour dough" accepted a grub stake and mushed it to Klondike, crossing the pass in November. He had more than the usual success in the gold fields, and remained there until 1900, in the fall of that year going to Dawson City. A current story is that his marriage to the girl of his choice depended upon the outcome of his efforts in the gold fields, and this was a greater spur to his enterprises than wealth for its own sake. Since his return to the United States Mr. White has been engaged in the oil business, and became a resident of Marietta in 1903. His field of operations in oil have covered Ohio, Oklahoma, West Virginia, Illinois and other important districts. He is a member of the firm of White & McKelvy, is secretary-treasurer of the Permian Oil & Gas Company, secretary of the Melrose Oil & Gas Company, and a director of the Peoples Banking & Trust Company of Marietta. Mr. White became a member of the Ohio Legislature, representing Washington County, in 1905, serving until 1908. He was a member of the important committee on cities and also the committee on temperance. His membership on the former committee brought him in contact with such stirring personalities as Tom Johnson and Newton Baker of Cleveland. In 1908 Mr. White was candidate on the democratic ticket for Congress to represent the Fifteenth Ohio District. He was defeated that year by fifty-seven votes. In 1910 he was elected by a margin of 2,600 votes in a district normally republican by 6,600. He was reelected in 1912, but in 1914 was defeated by ninety-seven votes. In 1916 he was elected for a third term, and was again defeated in 1918. Mr. White was a member of the Sixty-second, Sixty-third and the Sixty-fifth Congresses, being a member of Congress during the World war period from 1917 to 1919. He was given membership on two of the great committees of the House, appropriations and later ways and means. Mr. White was at the Baltimore convention when Wilson was nominated in 1912. He has been democratic national committeeman from Ohio since 1920, and as chairman of the committee in 1920-1921 directed the campaign of that year. He was also Edwin Moore 's right hand man in Governor Cox 's pre-convention campaign. Mr. White is a trustee of the Presbyterian Church, is a Mason and Knight of Pythias and a Member of the Columbus Athletic Club. He married, September 25, 1900, Charlotte McKelvy, of Titusville, Pennsylvania, daughter of David McKelvy. Five children were born to their marriage: David McKelvy, now twenty-two years of age and a student in Princeton University ; Mary Louise and Charlotte, who are preparing at Rosemary School for Smith College; George, Jr., and Robert. CHARLES N. REPLOGLE. In steel and machinery manufacturing circles in America the name of Charles N. Replogle has been a prominent one for many years. He rose from the ranks of a common workman to executive responsibilities during the many years he was with the Cambria Steel Company in Pennsylvania. During the past ten years he has discharged duties of the greatest executive responsibility with several well known manufacturing corporations, including one of the great war industries. He is now president of the Brightman Manufacturing Company of Columbus. Mr. Replogle was born in Bedford County, Pennsylvania, October 26, 1870, son of Reinhart and Mary (Furry) Replogle. He is not the only member of his family to achieve distinction in the iron and steel industry. His brother, J. Leonard Replogle, is chairman of the Replogle Steel Corporation and president of the Vanadium Corporation of America. In 1886, when Charles Replogle was sixteen years of age, the family moved to Johnstown, Pennsylvania, and they were living there during the great Johnstown flood which occurred three years later. At Johnstown Charles Replogle continued his education in the public schools, and during vacations worked in the plant of the Cambria Steel Company. He learned the trade of machinist, and filled various positions in the plant from nut and bolt tapper to foreman and executive duties. After several years as foreman he was asked to take charge of the laying out and installing of a forge shop for making car forgings. Following that he was made assistant superintendent of the structural and steel car department. This department was then building thirteen complete steel freight cars daily, which was increased during his administration to forty-five cars per day. The structural shop, under his supervision, had a capacity of 3,000 tons of fabricated structural steel per month. Through a long continued experience and increasing responsibilities Mr. Replogle came to be recognized as one of the master minds in steel product manufacture. He was with the Cambria Steel Company continuously twenty-seven years. He finally resigned in September, 1913, and moved to Columbus, Ohio, .to accept the duties of work manager for the 48 - HISTORY OF OHIO Ralston Steel Car Company, builders of steel freight cars. From work manager he was promoted to general manager, and then to vice president and general manager. Mr. Replogle resigned from the Ralston Company in the fall of 1917 to identify himself with war work at Rochester, New York, where he became vice president in active charge of the plant of the Symington Forge Corporation, manufacturers of shells for the United States Army. In the summer of 1918, still representing the Symington Company, he went to Chicago and laid out and superintended the construction of a great forging shop, and designed the dies for the manufacture of shells in this plant. As vice president he had charge of operations in the Chicago plant, and continued his duties there until after the signing of the armistice. Mr. Replogle returned to Columbus in 1919, and established and became general manager of the Columbus plant of the Timken Roller Bearing Company. That was his work for two years, until he resigned in July, 1921. In December, 1922, Mr. Replogle was elected president and general manager of the Brightman Manufacturing Company, following the death of the former president, W. C. Waggoner, on November 27, 1922. Mr. Replogle as a citizen is known for his public spirit and interest in civic affairs. He served two terms as a director of the Columbus Chamber of Commerce, is now a director of the Columbus Young Men's Christian Association, and is a member of the Columbus Athletic Club, Columbus Country Club and Young Business Men's Club. He married Miss Freda Haller, of Johnstown, Pennsylvania. Their two sons are Charles N., Jr., and Edward Haller. JEPTHA D. KNOWLES is editor and publisher of the Journal-Herald of Delaware, one of the most influential and successful democratic papers in Central Ohio. Mr. Knowles has been in the newspaper business thirty years. He represents a family of educators, his mother, Mrs. Mary S. Knowles, having been one of the best beloved teachers of Delaware County. Mr. Knowles himself taught school until a temporary appointment opened to him the field of newspaper work, in which he has manifested a real genius. Mr. Knowles was born in Circleville, Pickaway County, Ohio, May 16, 1864, son of William and Mary (Burgett) Knowles. His paternal grandparents were William and Mary (Barr) Knowles, who came to Ohio from the State of Delaware. Jeptha Knowles has a sword presented to him by his grandfather, William Knowles, who in turn received it from his father, a soldier of the Revolution. The maternal grandparents were Jacob and Mary (Sapp) Burgett, who came from Virginia. William Knowles, the father, was born in the State of Delaware, and during, his long residence in Ohio proved himself a leader in community affairs. He was a farmer by occupation. He was deeply interested in everything that concerned the educational and religious welfare of his community. He gave land for school purposes, also a site for a church, was township trustee, clerk, member of the school board, and treasurer. After leaving the farm he moved to Delaware in order to give his children superior educational advantages, and he became a member of the official board of the St. Paul Methodist Episcopal Church and acted as choir master. After the death of his first wife he met Miss Mary Burgett, who was a school teacher in his district, and they were married. She had taught school a number of terms before her marriage, and she continued teaching in .public school and in Sunday school until she completed a record of forty-four years. At the age of eighty-one she had the vigor and appearance of a woman twenty-five years younger. Stricken with illness, she died April 20, 1923. Jeptha D. Knowles owes much of his early schooling as well as the influences that shaped his character to his good mother. He attended public school in Delaware, graduating from the high school in 1881. Mr. Knowles put in altogether forty-seven terms as a teacher in country schools. Those terms were divided among six different school districts. At one time he was the highest paid teacher in the township. During the summer vacation of 1892 Mr. Knowles entered the office of the Delaware Gazette, in charge of the social department of the paper. The next year, during the World's Fair in Chicago, Carrol Jones, the city editor, visited the Fair, and Mr. Knowles carried double duties. Soon after his return Mr. Jones was stricken with typhoid fever and subsequently resigned, and was succeeded by Mr. Knowles, who was for eight and one-half years connected with the Gazette. Finding that his personal views had little opportunity for expression and desiring a place where he could make his experience and natural qualifications as a newspaper man count, he resigned from the staff of the Gazette and purchased the circulation of the old Delaware Herald. He managed this paper very successfully, and soon afterward he and Dr. F. M. Murray started the Journal and afterwards purchased the Herald, Mr. Knowles then only having half the amount required. Doctor Murray held a financial interest as partner in the business nine years. At that time they hyphenated the Delaware Journal and Delaware Herald, and the Journal-Herald was conducted under the partnership until 1909, when Doctor Murray withdrew. At that time Mr. Knowles organized a stock company, known as the Journal-Herald Publishing Company, owners of the Journal-Herald. Mr. Knowles is president and principal stockholder and also managing editor. H. L. Gilbert is vice president; H. E. Buck, treasurer, and R. H. Chubb, secretary. Mr. Knowles has made this a thoroughly successful newspaper. It is democratic in politics, and Mr. Knowles has developed its resources under the handicap of being in a normally republican county. He has been a staunch party man, though never a candidate for an elective office. However, he served as a member of the state pardoning board under the administrations of Governor Willis and Governor Cox. In November, 1887, in Knox County, Mr. Knowles married Miss Ella Wright, of Rich Hill, Knox County, daughter of Henry and Permelia (Riggle) Wright. Her father was a farmer and active in local affairs, holding several township offices. Mrs. Knowles shares in the tastes and achievements of the family in educational affairs. She spent thirty-six years as a teacher, and only recently retired from active work. She graduated Bachelor of Arts from Ohio Northern University and holds the Master of Arts degree. Long before women could vote in Ohio she was appointed county school examiner, and at that time there were only three other women holding similar positions in the state. She also acted as secretary of the state examining board. Mr. and Mrs. Knowles are members of Asbury Methodist Episcopal Church. He is a life member of the Elks and the Moose, belongs to the Independent Order of Odd Fellows and Eagles, is a member of the Chamber of Commerce, and is a member of the Delaware Glee Club and Kiwanis Club. DAVID KING PAIGE, of Akron, has rounded out a quarter of a century's service with the Mutual Life Insurance Company of New York as its special HISTORY OF OHIO - 49 agent. For five years he lead the honor roll of the company 's representatives in Ohio, and was vice president of the Mutual's 250,000 Club. Mr. Paige is a native of Ohio, and his forefathers, in both the Paige and King lines, have been among the founders and benefactors of Akron, some of them being of state-wide distinction. His grandfather, Judge David Raymond Paige, a native of Rutland County, Vermont, was an early lawyer in the Western Reserve of Ohio, serving with distinction on the bench. He died in 1876, and at that time was a director in the Lake Shore Railway Company. His wife was Nancy Kimball. His son, David Raymond Paige, was born in Lake County, Ohio, April 8, 1844, was liberally educated, graduating from Union College at Schenectady, New York, in 1865. After some experience with a hardware firm at Cleveland he located at Akron, in December, 1867, as member of the firm, Paige Brothers Company. Later he became the principal owner of the King Varnish Company, vice president of the Paige Tube Company at Warren, and was a member of Paige, Carey & Company, general contractors, with offices in New York City. This contracting firm was distinguished by some of the great engineering construction work in the last century, including the building of the Sodom Dam and part of the Croton Aqueduct for the New York City water supply, and numerous railway bridges and tunnels. David Raymond Paige in 1874 was elected county treasurer of Summit County, being reelected in 1876, and was the first democrat ever so honored. From 1882 to 1884 he represented the Twentieth Ohio District in Congress. He died in New York in 1901. The mother of David King Paige was Nellie Lewis King. She died December 20, 1878. Her grandfather was Judge Leicester King, one of the most conspicuous of the pioneer founders of Akron. Born at Suffield, Connecticut, May 1, 1789, and coming West, he was attracted by business prospects to Natchez, Mississippi, but unable to live in a society that permitted human slavery, he settled, in 1817, as a merchant, in Warren, Ohio, and in 1831, with Gen. Simon Perkins and Dr. Eliakim Crosby, laid out North Akron and constructed the Cascade mill' race, giving Akron its start as a manufacturing center. He served seven years as associate judge of Trumbull County, as state senator from 1835 to 1839, and in 1842 was liberty candidate for governor and renominated in 1844. In 1848 he was liberty nominee for vice president, resigning in favor of Charles Francis Adams, the free soil candidate. He was a promoter of the Pennsylvania and Ohio Canal. He died September 19, 1856. His wife was the oldest daughter of his associate, Dr. Eliakim Crosby. Their oldest son, Henry W. King, should be recalled for his conspicuous service to education. He was born in 1815, and died in the midst of his life of usefulness, in 1857. He played a prominent part in promoting Akron's union school system, and in 1850 was elected secretary of state of Ohio, an office that then included the duties of commissioner of public schools. David Leicester King, son of the pioneer Judge Leicester King, was born at Warren, Ohio, December 24, 1825. He graduated from Harvard in 1846, read law and engaged in practice in 1849 with his brother Henry, but in 1867 abandoned the law to organize the Akron Sewer Pipe Company, of which he became secretary. He was active in all public enterprises, especially the Valley Railway, a substantial monument to his indomitable perseverance. The public schools, free library, benevolent associations and Glendale Cemetery all received his fostering care. He served as president of the Cemetery Association after the resignation of President Perkins in 1880 until July, 1891. David L. King married, in 1849, Bettie, Washington Steele, who was a grand niece of Gen. George Washington, whose sister married Fielding Lewis, an ancestor of Betti: Washington. David King Paige was born at Akron, May 20, 1872, was educated in public schools, in the Court-land Academy of Lakewood, New Jersey, and for two years in the University of Michigan. In 1892 he went to work as an apprentice in the Akron Varnish Company's plant, and for seven years was connected with the Whitman & Barnes Manufacturing Company. He took up general insurance in 1899, in which year he also became a representative of the Mutual Life Insurance Company, New York. Since 1910 he has specialized in life insurance and real estate, and still handles his own realty property. Mr. Paige is affiliated with the Royal Arch Chapter, Council Commandery, Consistory and Shrine. He is a member of Lafayette Chapter, Sons of the American Revolution, and is a member of the City Club, Masonic Club, Shrine Club, University Club, Fairlawn Country Club and the Benevolent and Protective Order of Elks. He is former director of the Akron Boy Scouts, the Akron Young Men's Christian Association, and was director in 1918-1920 and member of the executive committee of the Akron Chamber of Commerce. As a real estate man he started the Silver Lake Country Club district. He is an independent democrat in politics, and in 1916 was chosen a presidential elector, casting his vote for Mr. Wilson. He was the first democrat ever sent from Akron to the Electoral College. He married, September 19, 1900, Miss Gertrude M. Wagner, daughter of John R. Wagner, of Akron. They have two children. Ellen Lewis King Paige attended Penn Hall at Chambersburg, Pennsylvania, Sweet Briar College at Sweet Briar, Virginia, and Garland Finishing School, Boston. John Wagner Paige is a student at Amherst College. Mr. Paige is a man of more than ordinary optimistic nature, notwithstanding the fact that he has for more than thirty years been afflicted to an unusual degree physically. Moreover, with this handicap ever present, he none the less takes a deep interest in civic and other affairs of his home city. CAPT. RICHARD THEW, deceased, was for many years a prominent figure in the industrial life of Northern Ohio. The locality with which he was especially identified was Lorain, where he founded one of the largest of the industrial plants, the Thew Shovel Company, manufacturers of steam and electric shovels for ore and fuel docks, blast furnaces and steel works, mines and brickyards, and also shovels for general excavating purposes. Captain Thew was inventor of the shovel manufactured by the corporation of which he was for many years the active head. In his earlier years he was captain of a vessel on the Great Lakes, hence the title by which he was familiarly known. Captain Thew was born in Marion County, Ohio, October 27, 1847, son of William P. and Susan (Davis) Thew. His father was born in Lincolnshire, England, a son of Richard Thew, and was twelve years of age when the family came to the United States, making the voyage across the Atlantic on a sailing vessel. Their journey was continued by boat on the Erie Canal and Lake Erie to Sandusky, Ohio. Richard Thew established the family home on a pioneer farm near New Haven, Huron County, and was a prosperous farmer in that locality for many years. The mother of Captain Thew, Susan Davis, was born in Loudoun County, Virginia, a daughter of Zepheniah and Mary (Irey) Davis, who came from Virginia and settled in Marion County, Ohio, in early times. Zepheniah Davis was a carpenter and builder by vocation, and his father had worked on the erection of the original capitol in the City of Washington.