250 - HISTORY OF THE UPPER OHIO VALLEY. of his busy and useful life, to-wit, his military, political and social career. From a pamphlet entitled " Military Order of the Loyal Legion of the United States," the writer learns that R. H. Cochran enlisted as a private soldier, August 13, 1861, in the Fifteenth Ohio volunteer infantry; that he was commissioned first lieutenant of his company, September 23, 1861; that he 'served for a time in the army of the Ohio, and later with the army of the, Cumberland; and that on account of ill health he resigned his commission while at Murfreesboro, Tenn., June 1, 1863. The record of his service under official detail is summarized as follows: "April 6, 1862-S. 0. No. 10 to convalescence barracks; April 0, 1862, to command of battalion; August 10-62, adjutant,' Camp barracks, Nashville; September 12-62, adjutant convalescent regiment during siege of Nashville; October 7, ,62, aide-de-camp to Gen. John M. Palmer, battle of Lavergne, Tenn.; October 10-27, ,62, judge advocate, garrison court-marshal, Nashville, to review proceedings of a general court-marshal; November 20, ,62, board of survey; Nashville; November 23, board of investigation; November 24, to military commission to try a spy; December 2, permanently to the staff of the Eighth division (afterward Second division) .Fourteenth army corps, department of the Cumberland, and remained provost marshal until resignation; December 26-30, advance on Murfreesboro; December 31, January 3, in battle of Stone River, as 'provost marshal and aide-de-camp; December 31, ,62, Lieut. Cochran,s horse was killed under him, and for gallantry in battle he was about this time recommended for promotion. February 3, 1863, he was detailed as judge advocate of general court-marshal, as he was again February 22, following, and on April 17th. He was about that time particularly distinguished by Governors Dennison and Todd, and Gen. George H. Thomas, and many other distinguished. officers, Who recommended him to President Lincoln, for appointment in the regular army as a staff officer,- but ill health and the sudden death of his father, Robert Cochran, cut short his military career. Returning from the army, Judge Cochran resumed the practice of law, and in 1863, was elected, and in 1865, re-elected to the office of prosecuting attorney of his native county. He was also, while yet a citizen of Ohio, chosen county school examiner of Belmont county, and filled various other offices of public trust, in all of which it is written of him that he acquitted himself with the highest degree of credit. Removing, as has been seen, to Wheeling in 1869, his reputation as a public spirited, trustworthy citizen had preceded him, and he was not long allowed freedom from public service. He was directly elected to the school board; appointed a school examiner, made chairman of the committee on Rules and Regulations, and appointed to other committees governing the .city schools, and was chiefly instrumental in adopting a system of graduation and awarding diplomas. In 1872 he was chosen a member_ of the republican state executive committee, and unanimously elected captain of the Wheeling blues, afterward known as the Goff guards. April, 1873, he, with the Hon. W. P. Hubbard, formed the law firm 0f Cochran & Hubbard, which OHIO COUNTY, WEST VIRGINIA - 251 continued until he was elected judge of the Ohio county court for a term of four years.* From the bench the judge returned to the practice of law and to the manifold responsibilities of a citizen from whom much is expected, and whose highest ambition is to " act well his part." As to the social qualities of Judge Cochran, those who have met or been entertained by him will attest that they are of the finest, and partake largely of the old time hospitality now almost obsolete and lost sight of in the desire of men to acquire wealth. By nature, warm hearted and generous almost • to a fault, genial and urbane, gifted with fine sociability and tact, he is always courteous and pleasing alike to friends and strangers, and stands ever ready to extend that gentlemanly and courteous treatment both in a social and business way that is due from one gentleman to another. In response to business interests, and the railroad interests, of Wheeling, Judge Cochran in 1882, moved to Toledo, and there was made a life member of the Toledo Soldiers, Memorial association, a director in the Lincoln Club and member of the Citizens, board of trade of that city. He became a member of the G. A. R. at the inception of that order many years ago, and within the order, has held many honorable positions, such as member of the council of administration, department of Ohio; senior aide-de-camp to the commander in chief, etc.; has delivered probably twenty-five memorial day addresses in different parts of the country, and addresses on various topics in probably twenty states of the Union. Since 1873, he has been a member, and a part of the time, vice president of the society of the army of the Cumberland, and in 1881 delivered the annual oration before that organization at Chattanooga, an address which was warmly commended by the press, and printed in the society,s annual volume. He is now (1890) chairman of the Executive committee of the society. At the death of Gen. Grant he was appointed. by Gen. Sheridan, then president of the society, chairman of the c0mmittee on the " Grant memoir," and he also prepared the eulogy of the great soldier and statesman that was adopted by the G. A. R. department of Ohio. This eulogy was copied by .the northern press, generally, and received much favorable criticism. The Toledo journal, in speaking of it, said: " Of all the eulogies that have been written in commemoration of the life, service and character of Gen, Grant, none will compare in beauty and grandeur with that from the pen of our own distinguished citizen, Judge Cochran." And Gen. Horace Porter, of New York, among other things said: " I, with Many others, thank Judge Cochran for his eulogy upon Gen. Grant. I have not seen his whole character put in more compact space, or described in a more beautiful phrase." Judge Cochran was an active organizer and is now a member of the society of the army of West Virginia, a Knight Templar Mason, member of the Union league, and of the military order of the Loyal * This court was created specially by the legislature for this county, and had law, chancery and criminal jurisdiction.-- Ed. 252 - HISTORY OF THE UPPER OHIO VALLEY. Legion of the United States; a senator in the fraternity of the National Union, and is past supreme dictator of the Knights of Honor. The membership of the last named organization embraces many of the leading and prominent public men of the different states of the Union, including members of congress, governors, supreme court judges and distinguished professional and business men generally, which fact enhances the respect and honor paid Judge Cochran in placing him in the highest official position of their highest body. Respecting this order we learn from an official organ that Judge Cochran was a charter member and first dictator of the first lodge organized in West Virginia; that he represented the state in the supreme lodge at Nashville in 1877; that in 1873 he was chosen supreme assistant dictator at Boston; that in 1880 he was elected vice supreme dictator at Charleston, S. C.; that he was re-elected thereto in Minneapolis in 1881; that in 1882 at Baltimore he was elected supreme dictator, and that at Galveston in 1883 he was unanimously re-elected to that exalted position. During this term he was tendered a reception by the fraternities at the Academy of Music in New Y0rk city, and on that occasion delivered a memorable address on fraternal insurance. In these two years of his administration, more than $6,000,000 dollars were paid to widows and orphans over his check, and he surrendered his office at the zenith of the order with 130,000 members. In 1877 at the two hundred and forty-ninth anniversary of the " Ancient and Honorable Artillery company," at Faneuil hall, Boston, he was special guest and spoke to the sentiment "The Volunteer Soldiers," of which response the late veteran soldier and editor of Ohio, General James M. Comly, said: " We consider, it one of the very best after-dinner speeches ever made by a soldier." A sort of unauthorized ethics forbids the biographer of living men, the use of any conclusions. Therefore the writer is limited to almost a bare recital of the more salient facts obtainable with reference to this subject. The foregoing sketch, however, needs no elaboration. The facts set forth must lead every intelligent reader to the one conclusion. Judge Cochran, November, 1860, married Mattie M. Dakin, of Princeton, Ill., and they have eight living children, one of whom is managing editor and another is city editor of the Toledo Daily Commercial. His great grandfather, William Cochran, a patriot soldier of the Revolution, was killed by the Indians about 1780, near Wheeling, Va. (now West Virginia), and his grandfather, Ellis Davis, was a soldier in the war of 1812. Judge Cochran is the eldest of a family of thirteen children, six of whom were soldiers for the Union in the war of ,61—,65, the mother of whom, Susannah, is still living. He is a hard worker, a practical scholar, an eloquent and inspiring orator; a republican in politics and a citizen of whom West Virginia is proud. John George Coleman, of Wheeling, was born in Hesse, Germany, December 12, 1833, the son of Valentine and Mary Ann (Krock) Coleman. The parents died in their native land, the father when the subject of this sketch was three years old, and the mother when he OHIO COUNTY, WEST VIRGINIA - 253 was aged fifteen. Four children were born to these parents: William, Peter, John George and Benedict. Peter is a resident of Germany, but the other three came to America, where the oldest and the youngest have since died. John George Coleman received his education during his childhood days in Germany, and he then worked upon a farm until he was twenty years of age. At that time, in the year 1854, he embarked at Bremen, in the middle of April, and in the latter part of June he reached Philadelphia, whence he came directly to Wheeling, where he has since resided. He found temporary employment in a lumber yard, and then became engaged with the Belm0nt Iron works, leaving that establishment two months later to enter the employment of the Crescent Iron works, where he was occupied mainly for a period of eighteen years, being employed chiefly as a boiler. In 1869 he purchased a lot on the corner of Eighteenth and Wood streets, and there erected a two story brick building, in which he started a grocery store, which he has since conducted at the same place with notable success, having at the present time a large and profitable trade. Mr. Coleman was married December 9, 1855, to Eva Barbara Pappart, also a native of Hesse, daughter of John and Elizabeth Pappart, who passed their lives in Germany. Mrs. Coleman came to America on the same vessel that brought her husband, and they were married subsequently at Wheeling. Five children have been born to them, Clara, Catherine (deceased), Barbara (deceased) , Theresa (deceased) , and John Joseph. The latter is now a leading druggist of Wheeling. Mr. and Mrs. Coleman are members of St. Alphonsus Catholic church; he is a member and treasurer of St. Alphonsus society and a member of the German pioneer society. Politically he is devoted to the interests of the democratic party. He and wife are widely acquainted and highly esteemed by all. Charles W. Conner, of Wheeling, is well-known for his ability as an organizer of enterprises requiring the co-operation of capital, and is particularly distinguished for his active and successful efforts in the fields of insurance, and building and loan associations. Mr. Conner was born at Athens, Ohio, in 1845, the son of Rev. Calvin Conner. The latter was born and reared near Athens, where he was married and entered upon the ministry of the Methodist Episcopal church. About the year 1847 he was transferred from the Ohio to the West . Virginia conference, of which he was a member until his death in December, 1886. His wife died in the year 1873. A large family of children were born to them, only one of whom survives besides the subject of this mention. The latter came to Wheeling about 1864, and here has ever since resided. He at first devoted himself to mercantile pursuits, being employed at the outset in the dry goods establishment of F. W. Bassett. Then for five years he was in the service of the Crescent Iron works, and subsequently for sixteen years in the employment of Isaiah Warren & Co. In the meantime he had been active in the promotion of various corporate enterprises. For twenty years he has been prominently connected with different building associations in an official capacity and as organizer. He was one of the 254 - HISTORY OF THE UPPER OHIO VALLEY. promoters of the People,s Mutual association, the first organized at Wheeling, and was secretary of the same. Subsequently he led in the organization and served as secretary of the American, Franklin, United States, Home, Standard, and Penn Mutual, the last two of which are now in operation, the other associations having been wound up after a successful career. In 1887 Mr. Conner entered the insurance business as secretary of the Standard Insurance company, as which he is now acting. He was one of the originators of the Wheeling Ice and Storage company, and when it began operations in 1889, he was made secretary and treasurer of the company. He is also one of the originators and a director of the Mountain Lake Park association. He is a member of the Chapline Street Methodist Episcopal church. Mr. Conner was married in 1866 to Melissa E., daughter of John Porter, deceased, late of Brooke county, W. Va. Three daughters have been born to this union, one of whom is deceased. Rev. William Henry Cooke, D. D., pastor of the Second Presbyterian church, of Wheeling, was born in Baltimore, Md., December 3, 1839. He is the son of John and Sarah (Brown) Cooke. Both parents are deceased. The father died in 1864, and the mother, in 1857. Dr. Cooke was reared to manhood in his native city. He graduated at the city college, and then taught school, while pursuing the study of law. This study he was constrained in conscience to abandon, very much against his own inclination, and the judgment of many friends. In 1855 he became a member of the Central Presbyterian church of Baltimore, then under charge of Rev. Stuart Robinson, D. D. In the fall of 1859, he entered the theological seminary at Danville, Ky., where he studied divinity. He was licensed to preach in April, 1861, by the presbytery of Transylvania; and on June 10, 1862, he was ordained by the presbytery of New Castle, as pastor of the Fort Deposit church, Md. His next charge was at Havre de Grace, in the same state, where he was pastor from 1867 until 1882. He was installed in his present position, October 29, 1882, and in the years that have since elapsed, has labored With great zeal and efficiency for the up-building of his charge. In general church work he has had a large share; and has had frequent occasion to acknowledge the confidence of his brethren when selected for posts of honor or trust. On all questions in debate relating to doctrine, or order, or worship, he has always taken a decided and prominent part in the church courts. The degree of doctor of divinity was conferred upon him by Centre college, Ky. June 30, 1868, Dr. Cooke was married to Mary M. Hitchcock, of Havre de Grace, Md. She died at Wheeling, November 17, 1883. She was the daughter of Charles B. and Mary (Bartol) Hitchcock, the former a native of Utica, N. Y., and the latter. of Havre de Grace. There are three children: Charles Bartol, William Brown and Mary Hitchcock. Michael Coughlan, of Wheeling, was born at the city of Bannahar, Kings county, Ireland, September 15, 1830. He is the second born, and now the only survivor of three children of Francis and Cather- OHIO COUNTY, WEST VIRGINIA - 255 ine (Lantry) Coughlan, who .passed their lives in Ireland. He and his sister Bridget came to America in 1853, embarking at Liverpool September 15, and reaching New Orleans November 12. In February, 1854, he came to Wheeling, where for fifteen years he found employment in a limestone quarry. On the 3d of September, 1869, he entered upon the duties of night watchman at the La Belle Iron works, a position he has held during the past twenty years, discharging its duties in a most satisfactory manner. On the 1st of September, 1889, he embarked in the grocery business at No. 115 McCulloch street, which is now conducted by his daughters. Mr. Coughlan was married April 12, 1857, to Catherine Daley, who was born. in Ireland, and came to this country in 1853. To this union seven children have been born: Mary Ann, Catherine, FrancisP., Ellen, Elizabeth, and two who died unnamed. Parents and children are members of the Catholic church. W. J. W. Cowden, for several years prominent in the political affairs of West Virginia, now postmaster at Wheeling, was born May 1, 1846, in Lawrence county, Penn., at the home of his parents, near the Ohio line. Mr. Cowden is a grandson of Dr. Isaac P. Cowden, a native of Cannonsburg, Washington county, Penn. The latter was a graduate of Jefferson college, Penn. After leaving college he removed to Poland, Ohio, where he practiced his profession f0r many years, and until his death. He was a man of prominence in both Ohio and Pennsylvania. Three sons and two daughters were born to him and his wife, whose maiden' name was Mary McBride, and the youngest of the children was Isaac P., father of the subject of this mention. He was born at Poland, Ohio, in 1812. By occupati0n he was a farmer and merchant. He was married to Sarah D. Waugh, who was born at New Wilmington, Penn., in 180, one of triplets, of which she was the only survivor, born to William and Hannah ( Jordan) Waugh. She died in September, 1874. Her parents were natives of the Juniata valley, Penn., whence they removed to New Wilmington, but while their daughter was young, returned to the Juniata valley, where they remained until about 1825, when they went to Pulaski, Penn., where the father was a merchant. Isaac P. Cowden and wife had five daughters and one son, all of whom are living. The father. now resides at his old home in Lawrence county, Penn., whence he removed in 1840. W. J. W. Cowden, son of the above, when only seventeen years of age enlisted in a Lawrence county, Penn., company, and was engaged in guard duty about one year. Subsequently he entered Westminster college, New Wilmington, Penn., and was graduated, with the degree of A. M., in June, 1871. In the following September, having concluded to adopt the profession of law, he came to Wheeling, and began reading with Hon. W. P. Hubbard. In October, 1872, he was admitted to the bar and began a successful practice. The arena of politics, in which he became distinguished, was entered by him in 1874, and he began a career of most distinguished service for the repulican party. He was appointed secretary of the state central com- 256 - HISTORY OF THE UPPER OHIO VALLEY. mittee in 1876, and again in 1880. During the memorable campaigns of 1884 and 1888, he' held the important position of chairman of that committee. He was also chairman of the first congressional district committee during the campaigns of 1878 an'd 1886. Mr. Cowdaii has taken a prominent part in various local enterprises, was one 0f the organizers of the Warwick China company in 1887, of which he is now a stockholder, and was one of the organizers and is a stockholder of the Dollar Savings bank of Wheeling. He was married in 1875, at Dallas, Marshall county, to Sallie Kimmins, who died in January, 1877, leaving no children. In April, 1882, he was married to Lucy, daughter of Rev. Dr. McClure, of Wheeling, and they have one daughter. William Craig, a venerable and esteemed citizen of Wheeling, was born in the parish of Alston, county of Cumberland, England, August 7, 1812. His parents were John and Isabel (Watson) Craig, the latter of whom died when her son William was five years old. Two years later he began the 0ccupation of his life, as a miner, and was steadily engaged in that pursuit during his residence in England. At the age of twenty-six years he was married to Mary Stubbs, who was born in Northumberland county, England, in 1812, the daughter of William Stubbs. In 1849 he and his wife embarked at Liverpool, August 7, and reached New York on the 4th of September following. They proceeded at once to Steubenville, Ohio, and thence removed to Wheeling in 1851. Here Mr. Craig has since resided with the exception of two years spent at Triadelphia. In this country he continued to be occupied as a miner, and having acquired great skill in his calling, was made manager of the Belmont Nail company,s coal bank, a position he filled quite satisfactorily for twenty years. After many years of activity and industry, he was compelled to retire from business on account of increasing age, and is now passing his declining years in quiet, highly respected by all. Mrs. Craig died March 27, 1882, leaving seven children: Isabel, Jane, William, John, Jacob Henry, Mary Hannah, and Charles Fremont. Another, Joseph Thomas, died in infancy. Gibson L. Cranmer, the subject of this biographical sketch, was born in Cincinnati, Ohio, where he resided until he reached his seventeenth year, when he came to Wheeling, Va., now West Virginia, and entered upon the study of law with his relative, Daniel Lamb, Esq. His father, Dr. John Cranmer, was at the time of his death (which occurred during the cholera epidemic of 1833), the oldest practicing physician in Cincinnati. His death resulted from overwork in his profession during the prevalence of the cholera in that city. Our subject remained in Wheeling, devoting eighteen months to the study of his chosen profession, at the expiration of which time he located at Springfield, Ill., where he formed a partnership with Antoine Campbell, Esq., in the practice of law. Within a year thereafter, with the approval of his partner, he entered into a partnership with James C. Conkling, Esq., of the same city, in which, together with the practice of law, they combined the real estate business. The latter business OHIO COUNTY, WEST VIRGINIA - 257 demanded his constant attention. During the summer and fall seasons he was engaged in hunting up lands, describing their topographical location, etc. During the winter and spring months he was engaged in the payment of taxes. At this period there were no railroads in Illinois, and the country was sparsely settled. All of his traveling was done on horseback, and he was necessarily absent from his home for weeks and months at a time. When at home he traveled the circuit, attending court in company with Abraham Lincoln, Stephen A. Douglas, Judge Logan and others, the most, if not all, of whom have since passed away. On the 22nd day of May, 1849, he was married to Miss Oella Zane, the daughter of the late Daniel Zane, at Wheeling. Upon returning to his home at Springfield, his wife suffered from an attack of inflammatory rheumatism, from the effects of which she was confined to her bed. for several months. Upon her recovery the attending physician advised a change of climate for her, and in accordance with this advice Judge Cranmer returned to Wheeling, where he located permanently and has since continued to reside. In the spring of 1855 he was nominated by the American party as one of the representatives of Ohio county in the Virginia legislature, and was elected by a large majority. When the state of Virginia seceded from the Union he was a member of the Popular convention which met at Wheeling in May, 1861, to deliberate and take such steps as might be deemed advisable to keep the western portion of the state in the Union, and was by that body elected one of its secretaries. After the adjournment of the above mentioned convention a new convention was called to meet at Wheeling, on June 11, 1861. Of this convention he was also chosen. secretary. Among other proceedings of this body was the re-organization of the government of Virginia. Provision was also made for the election of members to the legislature and a time fixed for the meeting of the same. When it convened he was unanimously elected clerk of the house of delegates, which position he continued to hold until the state of West Virginia was admitted into the Union. He was also appointed by the governor to represent the state of West Virginia on the board of directors of the Antietam National Cemetery association, of which body he was subsequently chosen president. In addition to the offices named he has also held a number of other positions of trust and honor, among which we may mention that of attorney for the city of Wheeling, a member of the city council and judge of the municipal court of the city of Wheeling, which last position he held for the period of eight years. He has been a firm .friend of education, and shortly after the adoption of the public school system, was connected with it in the capacity of trustee and commissioner. He is now a member of the board of trustees of Washington and Jefferson college, in. which institution he is deeply interested. Mr. Cranmer, in religious belief, is a Presbyterian, of which denomination he is a member and ruling elder of the First Presbyterian church of Wheeling. A man who commands the profoundest respect and warmest esteem of his fellow citizens. His 258 - HISTORY OF THE UPPER OHIO VALLEY. private and public career are free from any attainting calumny. As A. lawyer he has accomplished much; as a citizen and Christian gentleman he has accomplished more. John Crockard, wharf-master of Wheeling and steamboat agent, was born at Edinburgh, Scotland, July 15, 1847. He is the son of Hugh Crockard, Sr., a native of Ireland, and his wife, Mary A. Hunter, who, after their marriage, removed to Edinburgh. The parents and their children came to the United States in 1848, and made their home at Wheeling, where they have ever since resided. John Crockard, coming to Wheeling in infancy, was reared and educated in the city, and at an earp0sition.' ready to assume a business position.' An opening presenting itself, he became receiving and discharging clerk on the wharf-boat, and from that time to this he has been con- nected with that wofk. Mrnce the death of Capt. C. H. Booth, Mf. Crockard has been the representative agent of all the different lines of steamboats plying the upper Ohio river, and also has charge of the Frank Booth wharf-boat, where he has the office of wharf-master of the city. To the latter position he was appointed in 1884 to fill the unexpired term of Joseph Forsyth, deceased, and he was elected to the office in 1886 by popular vote, and re-elected in 1Mr. Crockardurther term of two years. Mr.'Crockard is a member of the Knights of Honor; socially marriedhly regarded. In 1881 he was marri,;.d to Mary Gardner, of Wheeling, and they have two daughters. Matthew Crosby, of Wheeling, who has for many years been prominently identified with the retireddustry of the valley, though retired from an active career, was born in county Durham, England, November, 1819. His parents were James Crosby, of Scotland, and his wife, Margaret Courtman, a native of England. These parents had six children, of whom Matthew is the youngest. He was married in England April 16, 1845, to Hannah. Gray, also a native of county Durham, England, who was born Augus 22, 1825, the daughter of John and Jane (Sheldon) Gray, of county Durham. In 1849 Mr. Crosby and his family came to America, reachimonth,sYork May 29, after more than a month's voyage, and they proceeded to Bellaire, Ohio, which was their home for a year. He subseqOhi0,y resided at Wegee, Belmont Co., Ohio, then at Nate Rock, Marshall county, W. Va., at Wegee again, and afterward in Greenup county, Ky., and then in Lawrence county, Ohio, first at Hanging Rock, and for six years at Ironton Tunnel. After a short residence at Wegee again, he removed to West Virginia, and after Making his home at. Benwood from 1869 to 1874, he removed to Wheeling, which has since been his home. He and wife have seven children living: John,. James, William, Joseph, Margaret Jane, Matthew and Mark. In politics, Mr. Crosby is a republican. Nicholas Crawley, a venerable citizen of Wheeling, formerly active in business but now retired, was born at Pittsburgh, Penn., the son of Patrick and Margaret Crawley. The parents were- born and reared in county Westmeath, Ireland, and were married there. They emigrated about the year 1820, and after a brief residence at New York, OHIO COUNTY, WEST VIRGINIA - 259 traveled in a wagon drawn by six horses to Pittsburgh, and from there they soon afterward proceeded to Wheeling, where they made their home. While they were on a visit to Pittsburgh, Nicholas, the eldest of their four children, the others of whom were daughters, and are now deceased, was born, and while he was yet a small boy, his mother died. The father subsequently married Winifred McGreuder, who bore him two children, a son, now deceased, and a daughter, now the wife of Thomas Mong, of Hagerstown, Md. The father survived his second wife several years and died at the age of seventy-three years. Nicholas Crawley, the subject of this notice, has been a life-long resident of Wheeling, and one of its substantial and influential citizens. At that.city he received his education, preparatory to his academical studies during one year at Fayetteville, Ohio, and three years at St. Mary's college, at Lebanon, Ky., and from college he returned to Wheeling to engage in business. Many years ago he completed a very successful business career which enabled him to accumulate considerable property in the city of Wheeling. He also owns thirty acres of land and seventy-five acres of coal land three miles north of the city. In his business relations he was thoroughly reliable and straightforward, and he is highly esteemed as a citizen. James Cummins, who was born at Wheeling, W. Va., in 1852, is now a well-known citizen, and is engaged in business as a merchandise broker, at 1415 Main street, in his native city. He is a son of Dr. R. H. Cummins, deceased, who was one of the prominent physicians of Wheeling, and is mentioned in connection with the medical profession. James Cummins was reared and educated at Wheeling, attending the city schools and the Linsly institute, and he then entered Washington college, where he attended four years. He embarked in a mercantile career as a clerk in the glass house of Hobbs, Brockunier & Co., where he remained about three years. He was then engaged for about four years in the retail and wholesale glass and china ware business as a member of the firm of Cummins & Wood. In 1880 he engaged in merchandise brokerage on his own account, and has since continued in the business with marked success. He is a member of the chamber of commerce, and active in business circles. He is also a member of the First Preshyterian church. Mr. Cummins was married in 1879 to the daughter of Dr. Thomas McKennan, of Washington, Penn., and they have two children. John W. Cummings, superintendent of the city water works of Wheeling, has been a resident of that city for many years, and is intimately connected with its river commerce. He was born at a coast village of, Scotland, near Inverness, September 12, 1816. When about twelve years of age he came to America to join his uncles, John, Andrew, George and Charles White, pioneers of Wheeling, who were, however, at that time, all deceased except Andrew White. With him Mr. Cummings made his home, and found employment in stores, and attended school at intervals. In 1833 he set in to learn the trade of engine building with Cuthbert, Smith & Wallace, and 260 - HISTORY OF THE UPPER OHIO VALLEY. was with them when they built the first water works of Wheeling. The firm failing, he finished his apprenticeship with A. M. Phillips, and remained with him until in the spring of 1836, he became second engineer of " Robert Emmet," under his cousin, William White. Subsequently he held the same position for some time on the "William Wert " and the " Reserve," and then became head engineer of the " Harrisburgh," Capt. Joseph Smith. Two years later he formed a partnership with Knox & Loyd and Capt. Hicks, and they ran the " Ohio Valley," between Wheeling and New Orleans, for three years, after which the partnership was dissolved. Mr. Cummings was afterward engaged on the steamer " Tioga," with Capt. Henry Mason; and "St. Cloud," with Capt. Sam Mason; the "Atlanta," with Capt. Asa Johnson; the " Baltimore," and for seven years was engineer of the " Altamont," Capt. Johnson. He was engaged on the Clipper " and others until 1861, when he retired for one year to become superintendent of the Wheeling water works. Returning to steamboat life then, he was again called to the water works in 1863, and remained superintendent for fourteen years. For ten years from 1877 he was engaged in his trade at various places, and in January, 1889, he was again elected superintendent of the water works, a position he fills, it is needless to add, to the satisfaction of all. Mr. Cummings was married in 1838 to Naomi White, who died in 1871, leaving three daughters and one son. George A., the latter, is inspector of hydrants for the water board, and the daughters are married respectively to James Rhodes, George Carnahan and S. Hamilton. Rev. David Ayres Cunningham, D. D., the eloquent pastor of the First Presbyterian church of Wheeling, is a native of Wayne county, Ohio, of which his grandparents were among the earliest settlers. The ancestors referred to were David Cunningham, son of a native of Scotland, who emigrated to Ireland, and his wife, Mary Henry. They came from Ireland in 1800, and after residing in Westmoreland county, Penn., six years, and at Canton, Ohio, when it was a hamlet, they settled in 1815 yin Wayne county, near Wooster, where the wife died in 1848, aged eighty-six years, and the husband in I850, at the age of eighty-eight. He was a ruling elder in the Presbyterian church, as afterward was his son, Thomas, who was two years old at the time of the immigration. The latter became a prosperous farmer of Wayne county. He was married in 1829, to Mary Ayres, who was born near Cumberland, Md., in 1808, the daughter of James and Elizabeth Ayres, of English descent. Thomas Cunningham died in May, 3883, his wife having passed away in September, 1875. Of the ten children born to them, the oldest is David Ayres, the subject of our sketch. He was born near Wooster and was reared at the farm home until his seventeenth year, gaining the rudiments of an education in the district school. He taught school two winters, and then at the age just mentioned, entered an academy at Ashland, Ohio. He attended there one year, then three at the Vermillion institute, Maysville, Ohio, and in 1852 he began a classical course at Jefferson college, Va.. where he graduated in August, 1854. Entering the Western OHIO COUNTY, WEST VIRGINIA - 261 Theological seminary, at Allegheny city, in the following month he graduated in that institution May, 1857. In September, 1856, he was licensed to preach, by the presbytery of Wooster, and in October, 1857, he was ordained by the presbytery of Allegheny City, and on the same day installed as pastor at Bridgewater, Penn. He remained there until 1864, when he became pastor of Scott,s church, Philadelphia, and from that charge he was called in- May, 1866, to Spring Garden church of the same city, where he remained until September, 1876. In October, following, he was installed pastor of his present charge, to which he has since ministered, a period of fourteen years, in which the church has greatly prospered. During his pastorate in Philadelphia, Dr. Cunningham was a director of the Presbyterian hospital, and a member of the boards of Education, Home Missions and Publication, of the Presbyterian church, and is now a direct0r of the Western Theological seminary, and one of the trustees of Washington and Jefferson college, from which latter institution he received the degree of D. D. in 1873. In 1874 he was a commissioner from the Presbyterian church of the United States to the General Assembly of the Free church in Scotland, and a member of the Presbyterian alliance which met at Edinburgh July, 1877. In 1885 he was moderator of the synod of Pennsylvania. Dr. Cunningham was married August 26, 1858, to Annie C. F., eldest daughter of the late Rev. J. C. Sinclair, a Scotch clergyman who spent the greater part of his public life in this country. Charles Wesley Cushing, D. D., was born at Burke, Vermont, June 6, 1825. His preliminary education was obtained in the district schools of his native town. Subsequently he was graduated from Derby seminary and from Newbury seminary. Like the majority of Vermont farmers, sons he was obliged to gain a livelihood at an early age. When but sixteen years of age he taught a district school at North Danville, Vt., the school consisting of sixty pupils, many of whom were several years his senior. While teaching he took an advanced college course, and in 1855 was graduated from Wesley university at Middletown, Conn., being honored with the degree of A. M. He is one of the very limited number who have been graduated Honoris Causa from any of the eastern colleges. Doctor Cushing j0ined the Methodist Episcopal church in 1844, and was licensed to exhort at Newbury, Vt,, September 28, 1848. He preached his first sermon at Plainfield, Vt., December 10, 1848. He was licensed as a local preacher February 27, 1849, and admitted to conference on trial at Putney, Vt., in June, 1854, was admitted to conference in full in June, 1856, and was ordained as a local deacon by Bishop Waugh, at St. Johnsbury, Vt., in June, 1855. His first charge was Garrison church, Albany, N. Y., he having been transferred to the Troy conference by Bishop Baker after having been ordained a local elder at Montpelier, Vt., in May, 1858. From 1855 to 1858 he was principal of the Newbury seminary at Newbury, Vt., and president of the female college at the same place. From 1862 to 1864 he was principal of the New Hampshire Conference seminary and female collegiate institute, also 262 - HISTORY OF THE UPPER OHIO VALLEY. serving as pastor of the State Street Methodist Episcopal church at Troy, N. Y., during the same time. After serving a pastorate of two years at Lansingburgh, N. Y., Doctor Cushing, in 1864, purchased the Lasell seminary property at Auburndale, Mass., and after having placed .the institution on a firm basis in finances and educational advantages, he turned it over to the keeping of a board of trustees to be operated in the interests of the Methodist Episcopal church. This seminary has now become one of the leading educational institutions for young ladies in this country, and it stands as a lasting and magnificent monument to the man who made its existence possible through his generosity. After ten years spent in establishing the Lasell seminary, Mr. Cushing again returned to his chosen work and assumed the pastoral charge of the First Methodist Episcopal church of Cleveland, Ohio. After remaining in that capacity for some time, he was appointed to fill the pulpit of the Christ church in the same city. In 1878 he was elected corresponding secretary of the Italian Bible and Sabbath school mission, with headquarters at Rome, Italy. Resigning from this office after months of toil and danger which left him broken in health, he was sent to Bradford, Penn., as the pastor of the Methodist Episcopal church there, and remained there for three years, after which he occupied the pulpit of the First Methodist church at Rochester, N. Y. Having remained there the time allotted, he was appointed to the First church at Lockport, N.Y. From 1887 to 1888, he was presiding elder of the Genesee district of the Genesee conference. At the expiration of this time he was transferred to the Fourth Street church, of Wheeling. Although his life has been filled with flattering inducements to leave the ministry, he has never swerved from the path 0f his duty. In 1860 he was offered the presidency of the Wisconsin State university, and the presidency of Wesleyan college at Cincinnati was twice open to him. In 1859 he was strongly urged to fill the presiding chair at Allegheny college, and in 1887 was offered the presidency of two leading southern colleges. In 1887 the presidency of the New York state institution for the blind was tendered him, and his nomination was ratified by the state legislative committee, but this he also refused. The subject of this biographical sketch was one of the pioneer members of the prohibition party, and in 1882 organized the American Reformer, of New York city, for which he raised all the m0ney, secured the editors and assisted 'in editing until it was combined with the New York Voice in 1885. Doctor Cushing is a charter member of the commandery of Knights Templar of Newton, Mass. also a member of the Oriental commandery, No. 12, of, Cleveland, Mass., and of. the Albany lodge, of Albany, N. Y., and also of the Psi Upsilon college fraternity, Xi chapter of Wesleyan university. His marriage to Miss Thirza Dyer was solemnized August 14, 1850. The children are: Clara, wife of Lee Phillips, secretary and chief of the New York civil service board; Carlos, general passenger and ticket agent of the Florida Midlnd railroad; Charles, deceased; Celia, deceased; Mary, wife of Ralph Ely; Emma, Kate, and Alfred Darling. OHIO COUNTY, WEST VIRGINIA - 263 Samuel M. Darrah, superintendent of the city gas works of Wheeling, is a member of one of the well-known early families of the upper valley. His father, Robert Darrah, a native of Ireland, emigrated to the United States when a young man and settled in Belmont county, Ohio, where he was married to Mary A. Milligan, also a native of the Emerald Isle. The father died in 1876 in his eighty-second year, and the mother about 1886, aged eighty-two. Their son, Samuel M., was born in Belmont county, August 24, 1836, and was reared on one farm until 1854, when he went to Bridgeport, and served an apprenticeship in the blacksmith and wagon shop of Henry Wells. In May, 1858, he came to Wheeling and took a position in the foundry of William Miller, one of the old iron works of the city, and remained with that establishment for a considerable period. Subsequently, with W. W. Miller, Thomas Morehead, John Scott and Philip Bail, he opened a machine and blacksmith and boiler shop, in which enterprise he was engaged for several years. Withdrawing from that company he was connected with the Hinge works four or five years, and then, the city having taken charge of the gas works he became connected with the same, and has so continued in various positions. He served for some time as inspector of the gas works, and in October, 1887, was elected superintendent and re-elected in 1889. Mr. Darrah is prominent socially as well as in business, and is a member of the United Presbyterian church, and has fraternal connections with several lodges. Of Wheeling lodge, No. 9, I. O. O. F., he has been a member about thirty years, has passed through all the chairs, and is a member of Encampment No. 11. Of Alpha lodge, No. 424, K. of H., he has been treasurer and is now financial reporter, and he is treasurer of the Fort Henry council, No. 97, N. U. On October 2, 1860, he was married to Margaret J. Robinson, a native of Ireland, and they have had five sons, of whom one is deceased, and four living, one in San Francisco, Cal., and one in Cortez, Col., and two at home. Cephas G. Davis, of the firm of Kimberly & Davis, in the flour and feed business at Wheeling, was born in that city November 29, 1865. He is the son of Cephas and Dorothy (Arkle) Davis, both natives of Ohio county, W. Va. The father died shortly before the birth of his son (July 4, 1865) and the mother did not survive longer than May 14, 1870. Mr. Davis was then reared in the family of Philo L. Kimberly. He was a student for two winters in the Linsly institute and Frasher s business college, and then was employed one year by the Manchester coal company as weighmaster. Subsequently he held for fifteen months the position of mailing clerk in the Wheeling pospostofficefter which he engaged in his preSent business. Philo L. Kimberly, an old and esteemed citizen of Wheeling, above referred to, was born September 4, 1829, at New Lisbon, Ohio, in the same house in which the well-known C. L. Vallandingham was born. The father of the latter, a Presbyterian minister, baptized the young Philo. He is the son of Wlliam C. and Mary (Sharp) Kimberly, both natives of Pennsylvania, the former born April, 1803, and the latter February 20, 1808. They were married in 1824 and had ten child- 264 - HISTORY OF THE UPPER OHIO VALLEY. ren, of whom Philo was the fourth. The family settled in Columbiana county in 1829, but shortly after the birth of Philo, they removed from New Lisbon to Cincinnati, and thence to Portsmouth, Ohio, and from there to Wheeling in 1832. With the exception of about two years, 1833-35, spent in Washington, Penn., they continued to be residents of Ohio county and of Wheeling until their deaths, which occurred, the mother,s September 29, 1857, and the father,s December 29, 1859. Philo Kimberly learned the trade of shoemaking with his father, but at the age of twenty-four became shipping clerk of the Belmont Iron works, after which he conducted a coal yard a short time. In the fall of 1857 he secured a position in the Wheeling post-office, and continued in various capacities for eleven years, retiring as superintendent of nails. In the fall of 1868 he engaged in the coal business and conducted it successfully, accumulating considerable property. At present he is manager of the flour and feed business conducted by the firm of Kimberly & Davis. As a citizen he is esteemed and valued, and he has served six years as a member of the city council. Mr. Kimberly was married June 16, 1852, to Isabel Arkle, daughter of George and Dorothea Arkle, natives of England. William H. Davis, justice of the peace of Wheeling, is a native of Woodstock, Va., born October 25, 1825. His father was Robert Davis, who was a native of Rockbrige county, Va., a descendant of a Welsh family who were among the original settlers of Virginia, who took to wife Amelia Bowman, who was born in Shenandoah county, Va., of a family, whose ancestors were among the first German settlers of the Shenandoah valley. In March, 1828, Robert Davis moved with his wife and three children, from the Shenandoah valley, to the South Branch valley, Hardy county, Va., and settled in the western part of that county, where he continued to reside until his death in 1861. William, his oldest son, was brought up by his father at the wagon-making business. After he had passed his twenty-second year, he commenced business for himself in January, 1848, at Moorefield, the county seat of Hardy county. He continued in business here until July, 1851, when he moved to Ramsey, some twenty-seven miles down the South Branch river, the county seat of Hampshire county, W. Va. In September, 1851, he married Miss Margaret A. Leps, of Ronney, and carried on his trade in that town until March, 1861, when he moved with his family up to the old homestead, on Luney,s creek, near Petersburg, then Hardy county, Va., now Grant county, W. Va. In the war he took no part, remaining home with his family until April, 1867, when he crossed the mountains and settled down in Bellaire, Ohio. While there he was employed by the B. & O. R. R. Co., for four years as a carpenter. In March, 1871, he moved up to Wheeling, W. Va. He then was again employed by the same railroad company for some four years, at Wheeling, and out at Chicago Junction, Ohio. Subsequently he was variously employed, as a policeman for a time, as deputy sheriff for two years, and otherwise until July, 1885, when he was appointed justice of the peace to fill a vacancy. To this position he was elected in 1886, for two years, and in 1888, for OHIO COUNTY, WEST VIRGINIA - 265 a term of four years, and the duties of the office have been discharged by him quite to the satisfaction of the public. Mr. Davis is a member of the First Presbyterian church, and in politics is a democrat. There being no free schools in Virginia at that time, Mr. Davis, means of education were limited to reading, writing and simple arithmetic. He was a student, and has been a writer for a large number of country newspapers, dating as far back as 1849. Louis Deibrugge, chief of police of Wheeling, has long been honorably connected with the business interests of the city. He is a son of F. A. Delbrugge, a native of Prussia and a tailor by trade, who came to America about 1845, and on reaching Baltimore, made his way to Wheeling on foot. A short time after his arrival he was married to Hannah Wessel, a native of the same country and town as her husband. He had employment at his trade at Wheeling for about twenty years, and then opened a shop of his own, in partnership with H. Dailer. After this partnership had continued for about twelve years Mr. Delbrugge purchased the business and conducted it as sole proprietor until April 1, 1888, when he sold to his son Louis, and is now leading a retired life. He is now in his sixty-sixth year. His wife died June 23 1884, in her sixty-fifth year. Eight children were born to these parents, three sons and five daughters, of whom one son is deceased. Louis Delbrugge, the youngest of the sons, was born at Wheeling, January 9, 1852. He was educated at the Zion German Lutheran school, and then was engaged for a time with the Riverside Rolling mill. Subsequently he entered the drug business, with McCabe, Kraft & Co., with whom he was engaged for about five years. He then entered the employ of his father, and was engaged so until April 1, 1888, when, as has been stated, he succeeded to the ownership of the establishment, one of the finest and most popular of the kind in the city. Mr. Deibrugge has taken an active part in public affairs, with credit to himself and good service to the public. He was a member of the board of commissioners of Ohio county for two consecutive terms, 1884-86, he was a member of the second branch of the city council in 1886-87, and of the first branch in 1887-89, resigning in 1889 to accept the responsible position of chief of police. He assumed the duties of this office February 1, 1889. Mr. Delbrugge is a stockholder in the Standard Insurance company, and is a member of Black Prince lodge, No. 19, K. of P., and of several singing societies. He was married June 22, 1874, to Louisa, daughter of Frederick Schaefer, of Wheeling, and they have five daughters and three sons. A valuable citizen of Wheeling during the early period of its history as a city, was John R. Dickey, who was one of the founders and cashier of the People,s bank, an elder of the First United Presbyterian church. He was a son of John Dickey, a native of county Antrim, Ireland, born February 16, 1771, who came to the United States, arriving June 26, 1792. He was accompanied by his wife, Margaret Andrews, who was born in Ireland, December 4, 1769, and they made their home near Mercersburg, Penn. Their children were John R., and Martha. John R. Dickey was born near Mercersburg, Septem- 266 - HISTORY OF THE UPPER OHIO VALLEY. ber 23, 180. About 1836 he removed to Wheeling, and two years later was married to Margaret DeHass, daughter of Gen. Charles DeHass, one of the early surveyors and settlers of the upper Ohio valley. She was born May 26, 1819, and died in 1846, leaving one son, Charles A. Dickey. October 25, 1847, the father was married to Elizabeth Vance, who was born in Ohio county, May 6, 1825. She is a daughter of James and Mary (Waddell) Vance, the former of whom was born in Martinsburg, Va., and the latter in Ohio county, both of Irish families. The father, known as Squire Vance, was a cooper by trade, and was also engaged in pork-packing at Triadelphia. By the latter marriage Mr. Dickey had four children: Ralph, deceased; James Vance, John Lindsay and Mary Nelson. John R. Dickey was a merchant at Wheeling at first, and subsequently removed to Triadelphia, but at the outbreak of the war he returned to the city and organized the People,s bank, in which stock was placed at $20.00 per share, for the purpose of persuading poor people to make investments. Of this establishment he was cashier for four years, holding that position when his death occurred July 17, 1864. His widow resides with her son in Wheeling. The son of his first marriage, Charles Andrews Dickey, D. D., of Philadelphia, was born at Wheeling, December 25, 1838. At twenty years of age he was graduated at Washington college, in the class of 1858. He studied theology in the United Presbyterian seminary at Allegheny, Penn., and being licensed to preach in the spring of 1861, accepted the call of the Fourth United Presbyterian church in Allegheny in July. He became very popular, and in May, 1869, at the height of his influence accepted the call of the First Presbyterian church of St. Louis, Mo. While there Princeton college conferred upon him the "degree of D. D., in 1872. In September, 1875, Dr. Dickey accepted the call of Calvary church, Philadelphia, and has held the pastorate of that church since December of that year. Besides discharging faithfully the, duties incumbent upon his high position as pastor of that church, he is prominent in the national councils of the church at large, is a member of the board of publication, a director of Union Theological seminary, and president of the board of trustees of the Philadelphia Presbyterian hospital. As a preacher he is tender, strong and eloquent. John Lindsay Dickey, M. D., son of John R. Dickey by his second marriage, was born at Wheeling January 23, 1855. His early education was .secured in the public schools of that city, and in his sixteenth year he entered Washington and Jefferson college, where he remained five years, graduating in the class of 1876, with the degree of A. B. He was president of his class and took the honors for original oration. Subsequently he received the degree of A. M. From 1876 until 1880, he served as vice president of the Linsly Institute at Wheeling, and during that time read medicine with Dr. John Frissell. During this period he was connected with the state militia, and was in command of the Mathews light guard (Company A, First regiment), of which he was commissioned captain May 8, 1879. This was the first company in the state, to serve full time and receive an honorable discharge. Dur- OHIO COUNTY, WEST VIRGINIA - 267 ing the winter of 1880 and the two succeeding years he attended the Jefferson medical college at Philadelphia, graduating in the spring of 1883. He remained there until June of that year, taking special courses, and then returned to Wheeling and began the practice of medicine, in which he has won an honorable distinction. In the midst of a busy practice he has found time to make valuable contributions to the press of his profession, to the American journal of Medical Sciences, the Medical News of Philadelphia, the Transactions of the State Medical Society, and has read papers before the State Medical society. He is also a member of the board of education of the city, and is a director of the Y. M. C. A., a trustee of Linsly Institute, and is active in short, in the best interests of society, both as a professional man, and as a private citizen. William C. Dickman, a prominent retail grocer of South Wheeling, was born in Hanover, Germany, May 21, 1844, the son of Charles and Louisa Dickmann, with whom he came to America when less than two years of age. The family settled at Wheeling, near where the mother still resides. The father died at that city June 4, 1858. Mr. Dickmann began at an early age to be identified with the grocery trade, beginning as a clerk at the age of fifteen. He is now doing an extensive business, and is a prosperous and popular citizen. He was married April 27, 1866, to Mary Bartley, a native of Ireland who came to America with her mother, brother and sister at an early age. They have four children: Charles J., Anna A., Mary J. and William. I. G. Dillon, founder and principal owner of the famous jewelry establishment of I. G. Dillon & Co., of Wheeling, was born in Belmont county, Ohio, in 1850. At sixteen years of age, having selected the jewelry business for his life work, he came to Wheeling in 1868, and secured a position in the jewelry store of C. P. Brown, where he served a four years, apprenticeship. Subsequently, in 1872, he became a partner of Mr. Brown, forming the firm of C. P. Brown & Co. This firm he retired from in the spring of 1875, and on September 23, of the sameyear, associated himself with W. A. Turner, under the firm name of Turner & Dillon. This firm did business until February 2, 1880, when Mr. Dillon took the entire ownership of the business, and managed it in his own name until March 2, 1887, when he gave interests to J. M. Wiestling, the watchmaker of the establishment, and Charles N. Hancher, engraver and salesman, and the firm then became known as I. G. Dillon & Co. Mr. Dillon owes his success to his own unaided efforts, as he began business with no resources, save his intense application to the craft, which continued throughout twenty years, has made him a famous expert in jewelry and diamonds. Possessed also of, a true business talent, he has, beginning with an old stock worth perhaps $4,000, when he embarked in business with Mr. Turner, increased his stock until he now carries about $50,000 worth of general jewelry goods, and $40,000 worth of diamonds, and built up his trade from about $4,700 per annum, to at least $63,000, after taking charge for five years. Since that time increasing the business to over $100,000. He had about $1,500 when he began business, but 268 - HISTORY OF THE UPPER OHIO VALLEY. is now prosperous, and has the largest jewelry establishment in the state, the trade of which extends on the west, to Chicago and Kansas City, and on the east, to Philadelphia and New York. Mr. Dillon is a member of the Masonic fraternity, of the Royal Arch degrees. He was married June 20, 1878, to Ellen, oldest daughter of R. J. Smythe, deceased, a leading grocer, and they have one son, Robert, aged ten years, and a daughter Gertrude, aged three years. William H. Dimmey, a well-known citizen of Wheeling, was born in that city, September 2, 1850, the home of his parents then being on the corner of Market and Sixteenth streets, where the postoffice building now stands. His father, Joseph Dimmey, a native of Germany, came to the United States in 1847, arriving at Wheeling on July 5, of that year. Joseph Dimmey was a plumber by trade, and assisted in the building of the Wheeling and Belmont suspension bridge, but for the past thirty-two years he has been engaged in the dairy business, with his residence on a farm in Pleasant Valley, three and a half miles from the city. After coming to Wheeling he was married to Rosanna Bachman, a native of Germany, by whom he had twelve children, six of whom are now living, beside the subject of this sketch. The latter, after receiving his education in the public and German Catholic schools of the city, was engaged with his father in dairying, farming and gardening, until February, 1889, when he was appointed by Sheriff Steenrod, jailor of the county for the term of f0ur years, and was at that time given charge of the jail of Ohio county. Mr. Dimmey has shown himself to be a discreet and efficient officer, and worthy of the trust. In May, 1887, Mr. Dimmey was married to Theresa Klug, of Wheeling, who was killed, March 12, 1882, by an accident on the Elm Grove railroad. She left two children, one aged three years and the other fourteen months, both of whom survive. Mr. Dimmey was again married in February, 1886,. to Mary Baker, of Marshall county. Mr. Dimmey is a member of St. Alphonsus Catholic church. James Divine, proprietor of one of the prominent boot and shoe establishments of the city, and one of the oldest dealers in that line, was born at Pittsburgh, Penn., February 4, 1834. His parents, John Divine and Mary Graham, were both born in 1808, in county Tyrone, Ireland, and were schoolmates together, and after their arrival in the United States, they were married in 1828 at Philadelphia. Subsequently they removed to Pittsburgh, where for over forty years he was engaged in the retail boot and shoe business, also doing custom work to a considerable extent. His death occurred at Pittsburgh in 1865, and his wife died at Wheeling in about 1873. To them ten children were born, seven of whom are living. James Divine was reared at Pittsburgh, and there received a good education in the public schools and the Christian Brothers, school, principally in the latter. He then learned the shoe business and was associated with his father until the year 1860, when he came to Wheeling. He had been here four years when his father died, and he then removed to Pittsburgh, in 1865, and removed the family to Wheeling. He accepted the posi- OHIO COUNTY, WEST VIRGINIA - 269 tion of foreman for John Anderson, one of the old shoe men of the city, which he held until 1867, when he and M. J. O,Kane formed a partnership in a custom shop. Soon afterward they opened a stock of custom goods, and in 1870 they embarked in business as general dealers, at the McClian block. They removed to Main street in 1875, and in 1878 to the present place of business of Mr. Divine at 1107 Main street, where he has continued since the dissolution of partnership in May, 1887. Here he conducts one of the largest and finest boot and shoe houses of the city and also does custom work. The subject of this mention was married in 1859, to Ellen Naughton, of Pittsburgh, and he and wife are members of the Cathedral church.  Peyton Byrne Dobbins, cashier of the Dollar Savings bank of Wheeling, and president of the board of commissioners of Ohio county, was born in Braxton county, W. Va., March 3, 1842. His childhood was mainly passed in Jackson and Roane counties, W. Va., with meager opportunies during that period for the acquirement of an education. When about sixteen years of age he set-in to learn the trade of a carpenter, but before making much progress abandoned that calling to respond to the call of the nation for volunteers to aid in putting down the rebellion. His age was but nineteen years when on September 16, 1861, he enlisted in Company B of the Ninth regiment Virginia volunteer infantry, for a period of three years. At the battle of Halltown, W. Va., August 26, 1864, he was severely wounded in the shoulder, which disabled him for a time. After participating in the various campaigns in which his regiment was engaged, he received an honorable discharge July 24, 1865, having attained at that time the rank of sergeant. Soon after the close of the war Mr. Dobbins came to Wheeling, at that time the capital of the state, and held the position of clerk in the office of Hon. J. M. McWhorter, auditor of state, during the term of office of that gentleman, being during a portion of the time chief clerk. When the capital was removed to Charleston, Mr. Dobbins went to that city, and after the close of his clerkship became book-keeper in the Merchants, Bank at Charleston. In 1872 he removed to Wheeling, to settle permanently in that city, of which he has become a prominent resident. For several years after his coming he was occupied as a book-keeper for various firms, and in January, 1878, became associated with the insurance business, in which he has achieved notable success, holding at first the position of assistant secretary of the Peabody Insurance company. Four years later he became secretary of the American Insurance company, and after five years, service in that position, was elected president of the company, as which he is now acting. He has been prominently associated with the Dollar Savings, bank throughout its career, having been instrumental in its organization, and cashier since April, 1887. This is one of the substantial financial organizations of the city, and the leading savings bank of West Virginia. Since 1882 Mr. Dobbins has been concerned in public affairs, and has rendered valuable service to the people during that period as member of the board of education, of the city council, and of the board of commissioners of the county. 270 - HISTORY OF THE UPPER OHIO VALLEY. From 1882 to 1889 he served on the board of education, a portion of the time as president of the same. He was elected to the first branch of the city council from the Third ward in January, 1885, and held office until 1889. In November, 1888, he was elected a member of the board of commissioners of Ohio county, in which both political parties had equal strength. Mr. Dobbins was the choice of his party for president of the body, and he and his colleagues on the republican side of the board made a spirited contest, until, after 250 ballots had been taken, he was elected. Mr. Dobbins is an earnest and uncompromising republican, but all parties admit that as presiding officer of the county board, his rulings have been distinguished for equity and fairness. He is a member of the Masonic fraternity, and connected with Bates lodge and Wheeling consistory, S. R. M. On October 8, 1865, Mr. Dobbins was married to Sarah E. Gilpin, of Cottageville, Jackson Co., W. Va., and they have three surviving children. W. R. Donaldson, a prominent citizen of Wheeling, is the head of the well-known house of Donaldson, Lewis & Co., manufacturers of fine carriages and trucks. The establishment is located in a building 125x200, of three stories, and a large number 0f employes are kept constantly engaged.- The trade of the house extends to all parts of the country, and it is a matter of interest that the first buggy ever shipped to Persia was forwarded by this house to Dr. Alexander, a missionary physician. Mr. Donaldson was born in Lawrence county, Penn., September 22, 1837, and spent his early years in that county where he received a common school education. When eighteen years of age he began to learn the trade of carriage making, and completed the same at Little Washington, Penn. At this place he was married in 1860, to M. Ellen Wiley, and soon thereafter he removed with his family to southern Ohio, making his home at Georgetown, Brown county. He left that place at the outbreak of the war, and about six months later settled at Salem, Ohio, which he left subsequently and returned to Little Washington, where he had charge of a carriage factory during the latter part of the war. His residence at Wheeling began in the fall of 1865, when he engaged with the firm of Frobe & Bodely. In the f0llowing spring he took a position with Busby & Little. The latter firm was diss0lved in the following autumn and the Wheeling Wagon & Carriage company was incorporated, of which Mr. Donaldson was a member until 1875, when that company was replaced by the firm now in existence, which was then composed of Mr. Donaldson, W. Lewis, W. H. Little and C. Ahl, under the title of Donalson, Lewis & Co. In November, 1880, the interest of Mr. Little was purchased by the other partners, who have since conducted the business, Mr. Donaldson having the management. Mr. Donaldson,s family includes eight children: Frank W., Minnie A., Charles E., William C., Mattie H.; Effie B., deceased; Bessie, and John W., deceased. Effie B. died in 1876, at the age of ,three years and eleven months, and John W. died October 6, 1885, at the age of seven years and eight months. Frank W. was married March, 1889, to Annie, daughter of S. G. Naylor, retail grocer of OHIO COUNTY, WEST VIRGINIA - 271 Wheeling, and Minnie was married May 16,1889, to Samuel Moffett, now of Butte City, Mon. Mr. Donaldson and wife and four of their children are members of the Methodist Episcopal church. Capt. B. B. Dovener, prominent in the legal profession of West Virginia, was born April 20, 1844, at Teys Valley, in what was then a part of Cabell county, Va., but now Putnam county, W. Va. He is the son of Dr. R. G Dovener, a native of Cherry Valley, N. Y., who was educated for the practice of medicine at Cincinnati. His wife, the mother of the subject of this mention, was Julia Ann, daughter of Andrew Barrett, and his wife, Dicey McComas, natives of Virginia. She was also born in Cabell county, Va., and was a cousin of Judge McComas, and of Elisha W. McComas, lieutenant-governor of Virginia at the time Henry A. Wise was governor. During the infancy of their son, the parents removed to Elizabeth, Wirt county, and when he was twelve years old, they changed their residence to Parkersburgh, where they remained unti the was nineteen, when the father removed to Davisville, Wood county, the mother having died at Parkersburgh, in February, 1861. The outbreak of the civil war occurring shortly after her decease, young Dovener, though still considerably under age, entered into the service of the Union with remarkable vigor and energy. He raised a company, which became Company A, of the Fifteenth regiment of West Virginia volunteer infantry, but on account of his youth, declined to accept the captaincy, serving as first lieutenant until after the battle of Cedar Creek, when he was made captain. His services throughout the war were distinguished and valuable to the national cause. They may be briefly epitomized by the following extract from the records of the war department, which indicates the movements and engagements in which he participated: " First lieutenant, Company A, Fifteenth West. Virginia volunteers, mustered August 30, 1862, captain December 14, 1864; served in railroad division department of the Ohio to October, 1862; New Creek, Va., district of West Virginia, November; First brigade, railroad division, middle department, defense of the upper Potomac to February, 1863; Third brigade, First division, Eighth army corps, to October, 1863; First brigade, Second division, department of West Virginia, to March, 1864; Third brigade, Second division, to July, 1864; Third brigade, First infantry division, to December; 1864; First brigade, Third division, Twenty-fourth army corps, army of the James, to June, 1865; served on duty on the Baltimore & Ohio railroad, October, 1862, to April, 1864; action at Bath, W. Va., March 19, 1764; Crooks, expedition to destroy Virginia and Tennessee railroads, April 29, to May 19; battle of Cloyd Mountain, May 9 (wounded) ; New River Bridge, May 20; Meadow Bluff, May 19; Middle Brook,. near Staunton, June J0; A.C.S. to Col. Campbell, commanding Third brigade, Second division, department West Virginia, June 11, to July 31; capture of Lexington, June 12 (destruction of Virginia Military institute) ; Quaker Church (Diamond Hill), June '7; demonstrations before Lynchburg, s June 17-18; Snicker,s Ferry, July 18; Winchester, July 24-25; Halltown, August 24; Berryville, Septem- 272 - HISTORY OF THE UPPER OHIO VALLEY. ber 3-4; Opequan (Winchester), September 19 (wounded) ; Fisher’s Hill, September 22; reconnoisance in force to Strasburg and action near Cedar creek, October 13; Cedar Creek, October 19; A. D. C. to Gen. T. M. Harris, commanding First brigade, Third division, Twenty-fourth army corps, March 25, 1865; Hatcher's Run, March 30-31; Fall of Petersburg, April 2 Sailor,s Creek, April 6; Appomattox, C. H., April 8; surrender of Lee, April 9; A. C. S. to Gen. J. W. Turner, commanding Third division, Twenty-fourth corps, April 10; mustered out June 14, 1865." After the close of the war Capt. Dovener was married in December, 1865, to Margaret, daughter of William Linch, of Wheeling. He subsequently engaged in steamboating and the lumber business until 1868, when he made his home at Wheeling. He served as chief clerk of the secretary of state of West Virginia in 1868, and until 1870, and was engaged in the United States pension office at Wheeling as chief clerk, during 1871-2. In the meantime he had decided to pursue the profession of law, and had been carrying on his studies, completing the same with Hon. G. O. Davenport, of Wheeling. He was admitted to the bar in August, 1873, and began the practice at Wheeling in the same year. In the legislature of 1883, Capt. Dovener sat as the representative of Ohio county. Capt. B. B. Dovener, by dint of patience, perseverance and industry has won for himself as a lawyer a position at the bar and in the courts of his native state, an enviable and worthy distinction as a shrewd and successful practioner. He was for a time the junior member of the late firm of Davenport & Dovener. Upon the death of the senior member, which occurred in 1880, he succeeded to their practice, which under his auspices has been greatly increased until now he enjoys one which is among the largest and most lucrative in the city. As a criminal lawyer he has had much experience. Among other important criminal cases in which he has been engaged, we may mention that of Taylor Strander, who was indicted for the murder of his wife in the year 1872, in the city of Wheeling, and which was twice carried to the supreme court of the state, lastly to the supreme court of the United States, and subsequently, after being reversed was certified to the United States circuit court in 1882, when he was discharged from custody, after having been twice convicted in the state court for murder in the first degree and each time sentenced to be hanged. Also the case of the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania against James Neff, one of the persons convicted with the Clarks for the murder of William McCausland, of Allegheny county, Penn. Neff was tried and found guilty in Greene county, Penn., Hon. Thos. Marshall, of Pittsburgh, being the attorney who defended him. Subsequently a new trial was granted to him and a change of venue obtained from Greene county to Washington county, Penn. At his trial in this last named county, Mr. Dovener was employed to defend him, his trial resulting in his acquittal. On this second trial his associate counsel was James E. Sayer and Hon. J. B. Donnelly, who also assisted at the first trial. His advice and services are much sought after, as he is a careful and cautious advocate and one who jealously guards the in- OHIO COUNTY, WEST VIRGINIA - 273 terests of his clients. Comparatively speaking he is still a young man, being not more than forty-six years of age, and his future augurs a brilliant success in the line of his profession, should his health and life be spared. As a counsellor he is safe and wise and ready the comprehension of the salient features of his case. As an advocate he is earnest, making his client's cause his own. He is ready in debate and fluent in expression. As a man he is affable, courteous and polite. His practice is not confined to his own city and state, but extends to the counties and cities in the adjoining states of Ohio and Pennsylvania, where his legal acumen is fully recognized and appreciated. We deprecate the idea of making an invidious comparison between him and other attorneys, but we deem it due to say that in business tact and ability he is the peer of any, and one to whom business can be safely entrusted, with the assurance that it will be promptly and faithfully attended to. Associated with his father in the practice at the present time is W. N. Dovener, a son of the marriage above-mentioned, who was a student of the Linsley institute and the Kenyon training school at Gambier, Ohio, and is now studying for his degree at the University of Virginia at Charlottsville. He was admitted to the bar in 1889. Another son, Robert, is studying law in his father’s office. Joseph Dorsey DuBois, secretary of the Belmont Nail works, at Wheeling, was born at Dorsey,s Flats, in Jefferson Co., Ohio, April 13, 1827. His father, John DuBois, a native of Philadelphia, was the son of John Joseph DuBois, who emigrated from Strasburg, France, to the United States in 1793, and settled in Philadelphia. The mother of the subject of this mention was a granddaughter of Peter Miller, who emigrated from Manheim, Germany, and for about fifty years was a citizen of Philadelphia, being at one time employed in a printing office with Dr. Benjamin Franklin, and at another period he edited a newspaper of his own. He married a descendant of Lord Aubrey, of Wales. John DuBois came west to Steubenville, Ohio, early in the " twenties," and was engaged as a clerk in the drug store of his cousin, Dr. George Wilson. He was married to Nancy Dorsey, who was born at Brownsville, Penn., in 1800, and was a member of the old and well-known Dorsey family of Maryland. This marriage occurred in Jefferson county, Ohio, and soon afterward he began farming on Dorsey,s flats, where he lived until 1857, when he removed to Iowa. He died in that state in 1868, and his widow passed away in 1888. Joseph D. DuBois was reared on his father's farm, and attended the country schools until his twelfth year, when he entered the Grove academy at Steubenville, and he subsequently was sent to more advanced schools. In 1847 he began the study of law with Joseph M. Mason, at Steubenville, and also spent a portion of his time in the office of Edwin M. Stanton, with a fellow law student, Robert L. McCook, with whom he was admitted to the bar of Ohio, at Cadiz, in 1848. McCook practiced law in Cincinnati, 18—A. 274 - HISTORY OF THE UPPER OHIO VALLEY. Ohio, and when the late war broke out, he recruited the Ninth Ohio regiment and became its colonel. He was killed while riding in an ambulance in northern Mississippi, at an early period of the war. Mr. DuBois, in September, 1849, went on the Ohio river as steamboat clerk, and in December, 1853, became clerk of the Union line packet, City of Wheeling, Capt. John McLure in command. He remained on the river as captain and clerk until May, 1864, when he resigned the captaincy of the St. Louis and New Orleans steamer, J. C. Swain, to accept the position of secretary and business manager of the Belmont Iron and Nail works, a position he still holds, continuing through changes of ownership of the works. Mr. DuBois has lent his aid to various other enterprises of the city, and was one of the projectors of the Wheeling & Elm Grove railroad, of which, when the company was organized, he became the president, a position he still holds.. This company was organized in 1873 and was incorporated in 1874, with power to use horse or steam power. The use of a dummy engine was begun in 1884 and the line, which for several years had its. terminus at Wheeling Park on the national pike, was extended to Elm Grove. It is a generally patronized and prosperous line, and owes its success to the liberal expenditure of money by one or two of the most enterprising citizens of Wheeling. Mr. DuBois was married January 27, 1857, to Ellen Zane Armstrong, a native of Wheeling, daughter of Francis R. Armstrong, an Irish gentleman of the old school, who, with his parents, emigrated from his native land to Virginia, when a lad. .Mr. DuBois and wife have had two children, both daughters, one of whom is now living, Mary P., the wife of J. J. Holloway, cashier of the First National bank of Bridgeport, Ohio. Mr. DuBois resides in the suburban village of Leatherwood, two miles east of the city of Wheeling, on the line of the Wheeling & Elm Grove railroad, on grounds improved by himself. James A. Dunning, chief of the fire department of Wheeling, has been a resident of the city since 1856. His parents were Thomas A. and Sarah (Lee) Dunning, the former of whom was a native of Scotland and the latter of New York state. They were married at New York city, and then settled on a farm in Armstrong county, Penn. In 1836 they removed to Steubenville, Ohio, where he followed his trade of weaving, having been a silk weaver during his residence in Scotland. He died in July, 1863, in his fifty-seventh year, and his wife died in March, 1873, aged seventy-four years. Their son, J. A. Dunning, was reared in Steubenville, and there learned the trade of a machinist, which he followed for a number of years after coming to Wheeling. From 1861 to 1863 he was employed at the Fort Pitt. Cannon works at Pittsburgh, but with that exception he has resided continuously at Wheeling. In December, 1865, he became one of the organizers of the Wheeling Hinge company, of which he was the manager until 1882, when in December, he was elected by the council chief of the fire department, a position he has since held. He was at that time a member of the city .council, to which he was first