1800 - HISTORY OF THE WESTERN RESERVE dren, then in mature years, were present at their father's funeral, and within the intervening period of twenty years death had made only such invasion as to prevent two of the number from attending the funeral of their loved mother, at which ten were present. In consistent conclusion of this article is entered a brief record concerning the children. David Erasmus Taylor, the oldest of the children, was long a representative farmer of Lake county, and he passed the closing years of his life in Painesville, where he died at the age of eighty years. Mary, who is a maiden lady, remains with her sister in the old homestead. Samuel S., who became a successful farmer in Delaware county, Ohio, died there at the age of seventy-six years. Frances G. is the widow of Matthew Lynch, who was a prominent farmer of Lake county, and she resides on the old homestead. Leander M., long a leading carpenter and contractor of Painesville, is still living in this city. Marcus C. died, unmarried, at the age of fifty years. Stephen B. resides in Painesville. Miss Electa A. resides with her sisters in the old homestead. James H. is agent for the Brooks Oil Company in the city of Cleveland. Sarah C. became the wife of Eben Coit and died at the age of forty-seven years. Charles E. is associated with his brother, Stephen B., in business in Painesville. Miss Eva is engaged in the millinery business in the old homestead, as has already been noted. GRANT W. TAYLOR.—The popular station agent of the Baltimore & Ohio Railroad in the city of Painesville is a representative in the third generation of one of the honored pioneer families of Lake county, being a grandson of the late James H. Taylor, to whom a memoir is dedicated on other pages of this work. He has passed his entire life in Painesville, save for a period when absent at school, and here he has attained to a position of distinctive importance and responsibility, the while he has at all times commanded the confidence and esteem of the community in which he was reared. Mr. Taylor was born in Painesville on October 21, 1863, and is a son of Leander M. and 'Rosetta C. (Donaldson) Taylor, the former of whom was born in Montclair, Essex county, New Jersey, and the latter in Nelson, Madison county, New York. Their marriage was solemnized in Painesville, whither the respective families came in the pioneer days, and here Leander M. Taylor was for many years a representative carpenter and contractor. He is now living virtually retired, at the age of seventy-seven years, and is one of the venerable and honored citizens of Painesville, where he has maintained his home from his boyhood days, as may be noted by reference to the previously mentioned sketch of the life of his father. Mrs. Taylor, a daughter of James Donaldson, who came to Lake county, from Madison county, New York, and here passed the residue of his life was summoned to the life eternal in 1895, at the age of sixty-three years. Grant W. Taylor was afforded the advantages of the excellent public schools of Painesville. In 1883, when twenty-one years of age, he became a clerk in the Painesville offices of the Nickel Plate Railroad. Later he was a clerk for one year in the local 0ffice of the American Express Company. During the ensuing five years he was employed in a clerical capacity in the local station of the Lake Shore & Michigan Southern Railroad. On June 1, 1891, he assumed the position of cashier in the station of the Baltimore & Ohio Railroad, and in 1894 he was promoted to his present office of station agent, in which he has administered the large and important local business of the company with marked ability and discrimination, gaining the commendation of the directing officials and the cordial esteem of the traveling public and local business men. He takes a deep interest in all that concerns his native city, and is essentially loyal and public-spirited as a citizen. Mr. Taylor is at the present time a member of the city board of public safety (1909). For four years he was a valued member of the board of education. He affiliated with Temple Lodge, Free and Accepted Masons, of which he is worshipful master in 1909. On October 17, 1889, was solemnized the marriage of Mr. Taylor to Miss Marguerite D. Miltner, of Cleveland, and they have six children, namely : Genevieve Marie, Donaldson, Lee, Eveline, Rosetta and Dorothy. Mrs. Taylor is a communicant of St. Mary's Catholic church. WESLEY A. ELWELL.—Well known in the city of Painesville, where he maintains his home, and also to the traveling public, Mr. Elwell is one of the popular representatives of the railroad fraternity, if it may be so designated, in this section. He is a passenger engineer on the Baltimore & Ohio railroad, and HISTORY OF THE WESTERN RESERVE- 1801 has the run between the cities of Pittsburg, Pennsylvania, and Painesville, Ohio. Wesley Alfred Elwell was born in Painesville, on September 27, 1862, and is a son of Isaac and Lucelia (Falkenburg) Elwell, both of whom were likewise born in Painesville, where the father died in 1908, at the age of seventy-four years, and where the widowed mother still maintains her home, being seventy-four years of age at the time of this writing, in 1909, Isaac Elwell was a stonemason by trade and became a successful contractor in the line of this vocation. He passed his entire life in Painesville and was a man who ever commanded the confidence and esteem of all who knew him. He was the elder of the two sons of Jacob Elwell, who came to Ohio from Pennsylvania and who passed the closing years of his life in Painesville, where he died when about seventy years of age: His younger son, Alfred, was a sailor on the Great Lakes during the major portion of his life. Jacob Elwell, grandfather of the subject of this sketch, began his career in Ohio as the driver of a team for the Geauga Coal Company, but by industry and good management he accumulated a competency, having become the owner of a large and valuable farm in Lake county, where he was a representative agriculturist and stock grower for many years prior to his death. Isaac Elwell was a valiant soldier in the Civil war, in which he served as a member of an Ohio regiment of volunteer infantry. Mr. Elwell was a skilled artisan in his trade, to which he devoted his attention during his entire active business career, and there remain in Lake county many enduring monuments indicating his mechanical ability. Notable among these is the fine government light house at Fairport Harbor. He was a liberal and loyal citizen, but never sought or desired public office. His venerable widow still resides in the attractive old homestead in East Painesville. Wesley A. Elwell gained his early educational training in the public schools of Painesville, and he has been identified with rail-roadwork since he was sixteen years of age. He began in the modest position of a workman on the secti0n for the Baltimore & Ohio Railroad Company, was advanced from this dignified "office" to the more pretentious one of "hostler" for engines. He passed two years in the Painesville shops of this railroad, where be became a Machinist.. He had made definite plans for his future career and spared no pains to prepare himself for the successive grades of promotion, each of which he gained through his ability and fidelity. He finally became a locomotive fireman, and from this position he was given the merited and welcome position of engineer, taking out his first engine independently on the 2nd of April, 1883. He has had full appreciation of the thorough system maintained in all departments of railway operation and has realized that advancement could be gained by means of no royal road, but only through following the direct path, reinforcing each forward step by the knowledge gained in that preceding. He has been most successful in his work as an engineer, and was subsequently promoted to a passenger run. He has been in the employ of the Baltimore & Ohio Railroad Company for nearly forty years, representing practically. his entire independent career. Since assuming control of an engine he has had but one wreck, in which there was no loss of life or destruction of property, nor was anyone injured. No engineer on the Baltimore & Ohio system stands in higher esteem with the officials of the operating department. Mr. Elwell thoroughly enjoys his work and keeps in constant touch with the demands of changing conditions and improved facilities in his field of labor. He is a valued and popular member of the Brotherhood of Locomotive Engineers, and has served as chief of the local organization, besides holding-other offices in the same. He is also affiliated with the Benevolent & Protective Order of Elks. On the 20th of August, 1889, was solemnized the marriage of Mr. Elwell to Miss Inga A. Trulsen, who came to America when eighteen years of age. Mr. and Mrs. Elwell have three children—Laura, Mabel and Edward. Mrs. Elwell holds membership in the Methodist Episcopal church. CHARLES R. SPAULDING.—As a division headquarters on the lines of the Baltimore & Ohio Railroad, the city 0f Painesville has among its valued citizens a large quota of active railroad men, and among the popular representatives of this class is Mr. Spaulding, a well known locomotive engineer and a native son of Lake county. Mr. Spaulding was born at Lake Station, Perry township, Lake county, three miles east of the city of Painesville, on the 19th of August, 1869, and is a 'son of Charles W. and Edna (Payne) Spaulding, the latter of whom 1802 - HISTORY OF THE WESTERN RESERVE was born in Lake county, a daughter of Hilenian W. Payne, who came from Connecticut soon after the opening of the Western Reserve and became one of the pioneers of Lake county, where he passed the residue of his life and where he reclaimed a farm from the virgin forest. Charles W. Spaulding was born in Connecticut, a representative of a staunch old English family which was founded in New England in the colonial days. He came with his parents to the Western Reserve in the pioneer epoch, and they were numbered among the early settlers of Perry township, Lake county. Charles W. Spaulding became one of the successful farmers of that township, where he developed his land from the wild state, and where he died when the subject of this sketch was but two years of age, having been about forty years of age at the time. His widow is now living in the city of Cleveland. When Charles R. Spaulding, the immediate subject of this sketch, was a child his mother moved to Painesville, and here he was reared to maturity, in the meanwhile duly profiting by the educational privileges offered in the public schools. He has been identified with railroad work from the time of attaining to his legal majority. He began his service in a very modest position, in 1889, on the old Pittsburg & Western Railroad, whose line extended from Painesville to Pittsburg, and was a narrow gauge system. The road was finally made a standard-gauge line and passed into the ownership of the Baltimore & Ohio Railroad Company. After serving about four years as a locomotive fireman, Mr. Spaulding realized his ambition and was given an engine, an object ever held in view during his previous years of arduous toil and faithful service. He was promoted to the position of engineer in 1893, and since that time he has continuously guided the iron steed, with unvarying enthusiasm in his vocation and with a full appreciation of the responsibilities involved. He has had various runs within the intervening period, having covered the entire original system of the Pittsburg & Western, and now having the run between Painesville and Pittsburg. He is one of the well known and distinctively popular engineers of the Baltimore & Ohio. He is a member of the Brotherhood of Locomotive Firemen, in which order he is now incumbent of the office of first assistant engineer. In politics Mr. Spaulding is well fortified in his convictions and is an uncompromising advocate of the principles and policies for which the Republican party stands sponsor. He takes an active interest in the promotion of the cause of the "grand old party" and is at the time of this writing, in 1909, a member .of the Republican central committee of Lake county. He is affiliated with the Fraternal Order of Eagles, in which he is identified with the aerie in Painesville. In his boyhood and youth Mr. Spaulding was an intense devotee of the "national game," and he gained no little local prestige as a base-ball player. He has never lost interest in the game, and thus is to-day numbered on the roster of the gallant army of "base-ball fans." In the year 1889, when but twenty years of age, Mr. Spaulding was united in marriage to Miss Margaret Bittigar, who was born and reared in Lake county. Mrs. Spaulding was summoned to the life eternal in 1903, and is survived by three children—Charles Lewis, who is a machinist by vocation and who is now employed in the automobile factory at Geneva, Ohio ; and Madeline and Gertrude, who remain at the paternal home. On the 4th of November, 1904, was solemnized his marriage to Miss Edith Stansell, of Chardon, Geauga county, Ohio, where she was born and reared, a daughter of a representative business man of that place. The two children of this union are Doris and Delos. S. D. CHAPMAN is a leading dry-goods merchant and citizen of Painesville, Lake county, in the well known house of S. D. Chapman, which succeeded the W. P. Whelpley Company, one of the oldest and most substantial business houses in this part of the Reserve. Mr. Chapman is a native of Burton, Geauga county, Ohio, and was born on a farm and received his education in the public and high schools of his home town. At the age of eighteen he commenced business as a clerk in a Painesville grocery store, spending three years there, and then entering the employ of the W. P. Whelpley Company. His industry and business ability made him the natural successor to the business of that concern in 1896. On February 1, 1896, Mr. Chapman formed a partnership with E. D. Heartwell and they purchased the interests and good will of the long established firm of W. P. Whelpley & Company and carried on a thriving business for thirteen years. On August 20, 1909, Mr. Chapman purchased the interests and good will of his partner, Mr. Heartwell, and be- HISTORY OF THE WESTERN RESERVE - 1803 came the sole proprietor of one of the oldest and most substantial business houses in this part of the Reserve. Mr. Chapman is in possession of a location at which a dry goods store has been in operation for more than seventy-five years. This is but natural, since it is in the central business section of the city and most desirable in every way. An interesting fact, as proof of the stability of trade at this location, is that Butterick patterns have been sold here continuously since 1868. The establishment now conducted by Mr. Chapman embraces a double store, basement, first and second floors, and is strictly retail and handles a complete and select stock of dry goods, notions, ladies' furnishings, millinery, coats, skirts, carpets, rugs and house furnishings. The business is stable and growing. Mr. Chapman is energetic and enterprising and never allows himself to fall behind the demands of the times and his patrons. Mr. Chapman is a fraternalist of high standing in Masonry, having passed the chairs and become a member of the Grand Lodge. He is also a Chapter Mason, a Knight Templar and a member of (Al Koran) Shrine and Lake Erie Consistory, thirty-second degree. ELEAZAR BURRIDGE.—One of the venerable and honored pioneer citizens of Mentor, Lake county, is Eleazar Burridge, who is a native son of the county that is still his home and who is a scion of one of the sterling pioneer families of the Western Reserve. He has long been identified with the great basic industry of agriculture, has been influential in public affairs of a local nature, served with marked gallantry as a soldier of the Union in the Civil war, and his course has been so ordered as to retain to him at all times the inviolable confidence and high regard of his fellow men. There is thus all of propriety in according him representation in this history of .the Western Reserve and its people. Captain. Eleazar Burridge was born in Perry, Lake county, Ohio, on the 14th of January, 1822, and at that time this county was still an integral part of Geauga county. He is a son of Samuel and Hannah (Parmly) Burridge, the former of whom was born at Braintree, Massachusetts, on the 5th of April, 1784, and the latter of whom was born in Connecticut in the year 1792. John Burridge, grandfather of him whose name initiates this sketch, was born in the southern part of Eng land, about 1757. During a college vacation, while in a boat and engaged in fishing in the English channel, he, with his cousin who accompanied him, was picked up by a passing war vessel bound for America and was impressed into the king's service. Upon reaching the port of Boston he promptly left the vessel and swam ashore. Later he enlisted as a soldier in the Continental line, having thus gallantly espoused the cause of the struggling colonies and having aided in hurling back oppression. He served in Massachusetts regiments, including one commanded by Colonel Thayer, and as a private in the line he was found enrolled from July 28, 1780, until practically the close of the great war for independence. By reason of his enlistment in the American army he was disinherited by his family in England. He finally settled at Braintree, Massachusetts, and there, in November, 1779, was solemnized his marriage to Miss Mary Spear, who bore him three sons and four daughters. His death occurred on the 28th of June, 1815. Samuel Burridge was reared and educated in Massachusetts, and he subsequently came to the Western Reserve. He took up his residence in Perry, Lake county, where he conducted a general merchandise store for some time, after which he turned his attention to agricultural pursuits in this county, where he continued to reside until his death, which occurred on the 25th of April, 1864. He contributed his quota to the civic and industrial development of this section and was one of the influential and honored citizens of Lake county until he was finally summoned to his reward. He served as captain in the state militia at the time of the war of 1812, was a stanch Democrat in his political proclivities, and b0th he and his wife were zealous members of the Methodist Episcopal church. Mrs. Hannah (Parmly) Burridge survived her husband by a number of years and was only a few days less than ninety-nine years of age when she was summ0ned to the life eternal. She was a daughter of Eleazar Parmly, who was born in 1765 and who became one of the early settlers of Perry township, Lake county. The lineage in direct way is traced from Eleazar Parmly, first child of Jahial Parmly, who was born in 1742, at Newton, Connecticut, and who was the first child of Stephen Parmly, born in Newton, Connecticut, in 1714, the eleventh child of Stephen Parmly, who was born in 1669, and 1804 - HISTORY OF THE WESTERN RESERVE who was the sixth child of John Parmly, the first child of John Parmly, who was born about 1600 and who immigrated from Guilford, England, to New Haven, Connecticut. The last mentioned was a son of Johannes Parmly, of Guilford, England, who was a son of Maurice D. Parmly. The latter left Belgium and removed to Holland about 1567, in order to escape persecution on the part of the Duke of Alva, and it is supposed that he finally went from Holland to England. Samuel and Hannah (Parmly) Burridge became the parents of nine children, and of the number one son and one daughter are now living. Captain Eleazar Burridge, the immediate subject of this review, was reared to manhood under the conditions and influences of the pioneer epoch in what is now Lake county, and his early educational advantages were those afforded in the common schools of the locality and period. His father met with financial reverses and he was thus thrown largely upon his own resources when a youth. When twenty-seven years of age he entered claim to a tract of land near Galena, Illinois, but he did not long remain in that state. Upon his return to Ohio he became associated with one of his brothers in the hotel business at Painesville, and about 1852 he purchased a farm in Mentor township, Lake county—a place known as the Daniel Kerr farm. About 1856 he purchased the old Cobb farm, his present fine homestead, just east of the village of Mentor, and here he has since maintained his residence—a period of more than half a century. He put forth earnest effort in the improvement and development of his farm in the early days, keeping in close touch with the march of progress, and the homestead is now one of the valuable and attractive country estates of this favored section of the historic old Western Reserve, the same comprising 450 acres of most productive land. Though he is now living virtually retired, after many years of ceaseless toil and endeavor, Captain Burridge, well preserved in mental and physical faculties, finds satisfaction in giving a general supervision to the operation of his farm. When the Civil war was precipitated on a divided nation, Captain Burridge forthwith tendered his services in defense of the Union. In August, 1861, he enlisted in the Twenty-ninth Ohio Volunteer Infantry. On October 24 was chosen second lieutenant, and on the 13th of April, 1862, he became first lieutenant of Company F of this regiment. On the 1st of the following month he was commissioned captain of this company, and he served as such until June 9, 1862, when he received severe wounds in the head and arm in the battle of Port Republic, Virginia. His injuries were such as to incapacitate him for further service in the field, and on the 3d of February, 1863, he received his honorable discharge on account of physical disability. He has maintained a deep interest in his old comrades and signified the same by his membership in James A. Garfield Post, No. 595, Grand Army of the Republic, at Mentor. A man of broad mental ken and mature judgment, Captain Burridge has taken much interest in political affairs for many years and he has served many consecutive terms as a director of the Lake county infirmary. He was aligned as a supporter of the cause of the Democratic party until 1860, when he transferred his allegiance to the Republican party, which represented the principles that appealed to his judgment at the climacteric period of the Civil war, and he has since been arrayed under the banner of the "grand old party." As a loyal and public-spirited citizen the captain has given his aid and influence in support of all worthy measures and enterprises projected for the welfare of the community, and he has been specially active in the support of religious and educational work. For-many years he and his wife have been zealous members of the Church of the Disciples of Christ, in Mentor, and not only has he been a liberal contributor to the support of the various departments of its work from year to year, but he also donated to the society the lot on which its parsonage was erected. At Painesville, Lake county, on the 22d of November, 1852, was solemnized the marriage of Captain Burridge to Miss Margaret Macomber, who was born in Mentor on the 18th of April, 1835, and who is a daughter of Seranus and Katherine (Parks) Macomber. Seranus Macomber was one of the sterling pioneers of Lake county and was a mason by trade and vocation. The latter was a son of Hugh Macomber, who was a shipwright and vessel owner in Boston, and tradition says that Hugh Macomber was a member of the historic "Boston Tea Party," while his wife joined with other matrons of Boston in smashing their teacups against a liberty pole, around which they then joined hands in a dance. Captain Eleazar and Margaret (Macomber) HISTORY OF THE WESTERN RESERVE - 1805 Burridge became the parents of six children, whose names and respective dates of birth are here noted : Levi Samuel, January 11, 1854 ; Sarah Eliza, November 1, 1856 ; Emma Hannah, May 27, 1857 ; Ehrick Parmly, July 15, 1859 ; Eleazar, Jr., April 12, 1865 ; and Catherine L., April 20, 1869. Levi S., who is engaged in farming in Mentor township, married Miss Elva Armstrong and they became the parents of five children -Martha, Lena S., Mabel K., Walter Eleazar and Arthur P. Of these children, Martha, who was born October 26, 1876, is the wife of Richard Judd, of Kirtland, and they have three children-Mabel, born February 22, 1897; Elva M., born October 20, 1898; and Emma M., born December 11, 1901. Lena S., who was born May 29, 1878, is the wife of Cless Allen, of Kirtland, and they have two children-Lena M., born June 9, 1900, and Frances R. I., born May 19, 1903. Mabel K., third child of Levi S. Burridge, was born January 15, 1880, and died July 15, 1884. Walter Eleazar, who was born January 1, 1882, married Miss Maude Lapham, and they became the parents of two children-Kenneth Eleazar, who was born in 1907 and died at the age of three weeks, and Lillian, who was born December 7, 1908. Arthur P., youngest of the children of Levi S. Burridge, died in infancy, on the 15th of May, 1883. . Sarah E., second child of the subject of this sketch, married Charles E. Cummings, an oil operator at East Brady, Pennsylvania, and they have two children-Margaret R., who was born October 15, 1880, and Charlotte S., who was born August 15, 1882. The elder of these two children, Margaret R., is the wife of Charles E. Wallace, of East Brady, Pennsylvania, and they have one child, Charlotte A., born July 17, 1904. Emma H., third child of Captain Burridge, is the wife of Dr. Charles M. Hawley, a representative physician of Painesville, Ohio, and they became the parents of three children-Edwin H.; born July 17, 1883 ; Charles B., ,born December 22, 1886 ; and George M., who was born August 20, 1889, and died January 13, 1891. Edwin H. Hawley married Miss Florence Potts, and they have one child, Charles Samuel, born February 4, 1910. Ehrick P. Burridge, who is a successful farmer in Mentor township, married Miss ,Belle Quincy, and they have no children. Eleazar Burridge, Jr., who likewise is engaged in farming in Mentor township, first married Miss Nellie Colgrove, and they became the parents of three children-Margaret, born September 29, 1885 ; Eleazar, who died in infancy ; and Florence, born August 27, 1891. After the death of his first wife, Eleazar Burridge, Jr., married Miss Lydia Rider, and they have three children-Gladys Lucille, born September 21, 1907 ; Charles Edward, born October 20, 1908 ; and Marie Estella, born October 16, 1909. Catherine L., youngest of the children of Captain Burridge, first married Jacob Ely, who was a railroad agent, and who is survived by two children-Frank Burridge, born January 4, 1890, and Edwin H. Burridge, born August 3o, 1891. After the death of her first husband Mrs. Ely married Abner Meinke, and they reside in Mentor ; no children have been born of the second marriage. The foregoing gives adequate record concerning the children, grandchildren and great-grandchildren of the honored pioneer to whom this sketch is dedicated, and the data are well worthy of preservation in this publication. HON. W. S. HARRIS is a resident of Saybrook township, of Ashtabula county, and is a farmer and dairyman by occupation. His grandfather, David F. Harris, was born at Smithfield, Rhode Island, in 178o, and descended from Welsh ancestors, who settled there in the seventeenth century. He was married to Lydia Streeter, of Smithfield, in 1800. The family soon moved to Dutchess county, New York, and from there in 1818 immigrated to Ohio and settled in the new township of Wrightsburg (afterward Saybrook), named for General Samuel Wright, of Vermont, who had acquired substantially the entire township by purchase. Later, through inability of General Wright to perfect his title, the lands reverted to the original owners, and the name of the township was changed to Saybrook. David F. Harris purchased about Boo acres along the "South Ridge," in the southwest part of the township, a portion of which had been slightly improved, and this was his home for many years. Mr. Harris' ancestors had been for several generations affiliated religiously with the Society of Friends, and he was a loyal adherent of the same faith and practice. He constructed on his farm and near his home a building which was set apart 1806 - HISTORY OF THE WESTERN RESERVE as a "meeting house" and where religious services were conducted according to the usages of the Friends or "Quakers." Mr. Harris was postmaster of Saybrook for some years when mails were carried by stage coach, and all the conditions were those of pioneer life. He was a man not only of practical ability, but of fine poetic feeling and considerable culture. He was a fluent speaker and writer and possessed an extensive library (for his time), largely composed of poetical and historical works. About 1845 he finally moved to Salem, Columbia county, Ohio, where many friends of like affiliation were found, and where he died in 1848. The sons of David F. Harris and Lydia (Streeter) Harris were Edward, Henry, Samuel, Rufus (father of William S.) and Paul. B. Edward Harris, who was born in 18o1, returned to Rhode Island at the age of twenty-one and became a leading manufacturer of woolen goods at Woonsocket. He was known throughout the country for his superior cassimeres, which were among the highest grades of woolens manufactured. He died in 1872, at the age of seventy-two. Henry, born in 1805, was one of the leading Abolitionists of the Western Reserve, was long a druggist and postmaster at Ashtabula, and died in 1899. Samuel, born in 1807, was also a woolen manufacturer of Leeds, Greene county, New York. He spent the last years of his life at Catskill, that state, where he died at the age of seventy-two. Rufus Harris, father of William S. Harris, was born December 25, 1809, in Dutchess county, New York, and reared on the Saybrook farm. He married Louisa B. Simonds, daughter of Moses and Priscilla (Stetson) Simonds, who migrated from Vermont in 1821 and located in that section of Ashtabula county. The father died soon afterward, while the mother lived to be more than ninety years of age. After his marriage, Rufus settled on a portion of his father's farm. This (a tract of 275 acres) remained his homestead for the remainder of his life. He was a man of public affairs and an ardent Abolitionist, like his brother Henry, both being busy agents of the Underground Railway to Canada. Although an active supporter of the Congregational church, his faith was really that of the Society of Friends. He was educated in the Quaker school at Salem and as a boy attended the old Friends' meeting house which stood on the farm near the family residence. He sold this building to the township and a public school was opened in it. Mr. Harris died July 13, 1881, aged seventy-two, his wife surviving him until 1889, when she passed away at seventy-nine. Both parents were intelligent, resolute and moral, and strong personal elements in the well. being of the community, Mrs. Harris having been a school teacher in Saybrook township previous to her marriage. Four children were born to the marriage of Mr. and Mrs. Rufus Harris, as follows : Samuel Rufus, who in early manhood moved to Rhode Island, where he was associated with his uncle in the manufacture of woolens until the latter's death, in 1872, when he returned to Ashtabula, where he still resides, and for twenty years was superintendent and president of the Ashtabula Tool Company ; Mary Ellen, who is the widow of Edward G. Pierce, formerly a merchant at Ashtabula ; William S., of whom a biography follows ; and Louise Priscilla, who married Don J. Barnes, of Unionville, which place is still her home. William Simonds Harris was born on the old homestead in Saybrook township, February 14, 1846. He received a district school education and attended the Grand River Academy at Austinburg. He has served as president of the board of trustees of his alma mater for nearly a quarter of a century. Mr. Harris has spent his home life as a farmer, his specialties for many years having been dairying and the raising of sheep. On January 24, 1878, he was married to Miss Harriet M. Walker. They have no children. Aside from his farming operations, Mr. Harris has been a promoter of various enterprises which are a part of the substantial advancement of the county, having been a stockholder and director in the Ashtabula Tool Company, the Geneva Savings Bank Company, and interested in other enterprises. In 1893 Mr. Harris was elected by the Republicans of Ashtabula county a member of the Ohio house of representatives and by reelection he served from that year to 1898, this record covering the seventy-first and seventy-second sessions of the legislature. In the former he was chairman of the committee on prisons and prison reform, and a member of committees on taxation and agriculture. In the seventy-second assembly he was chairman of the committee on county affairs and a member of the committee on agriculture. In this assembly he introduced the measure known as HISTORY OF THE WESTERN RESERVE - 1807 the Harris Local Option Bill, one of the earliest of a series which have culminated in the present county local option law, under which many counties of the state have ostracised the liquor traffic. In 1901 Mr. Harris was elected a member of the senate from the twenty-fourth and twenty-sixth joint senatorial districts, in which capacity he continued four years, serving as chairman of the committees on agriculture and finance and holding membership on committees on common schools, taxation and public works. Mr. Harris drafted and promoted the enactment of the law providing for a continuing appropriation for the reconstruction of canals of Ohio, under which the work is now being carried on. At present, 1910, Mr. Harris is occupied with farming, although actively interested in public affairs. ALBERT PALMER.—Trace history back far enough and it always loses itself in tradition. The history of the Palmer family is no exception to the general rule. The origin of the name Palmer is involved in some obscurity. That the great mass of those who bear the name had the origin of this cognomen in the outgrowth of the crusades or the wars of the Saracens, is beyond question. That the name had existed as a surname prior to that period is also beyond question, but it is an undoubted fact that most of the families bearing the name today derived the same from the fact that those who participated in the aforesaid wars returned to the land of their nativity or adoption bearing what were termed palms or staves, and they were consequently termed "palmers." After the termination of the holy wars it was the custom of those who had borne part in the strife to make pilgrimages to the various shrines. The difference between a pilgrim and those termed palmers was that any enthusiast who made a visitation of worship at a shrine was a pilgrim, while those whose devotion prompted them to visit the various shrines received the distinction of being termed palmers. Many who could claim no relationship of kith or kin assumed the family name of Palmer. Thus we find in the College of Heraldry in London, England, the crest and armorial bearings of more than sixty distinct families bearing the name of Palmer. But that the origin of the name in each instance was similar is evidenced by the fact that in each individual family the armorial bearings were in many respects identical, having usually for the crest a demi-panther, argent spotted ; azure, fire (denoting his fierceness) issuing out of mouth and ears and holding in his paws a holly bough—the whole indicating, "prepared for either war or peace." The coat of arms consisted of a greyhound, courant sable, this being followed by two bars gules on or, each charged with trefoils of the field. The whole is supported by two lions, gardent argent, and the motto is "Palmam qui meruit ferat," meaning, "Let him who has won it bear the palm." The lack of authentic records in our early colonial days makes it difficult to trace definitely the line of connection between the various branches of Palmers in America and their respective English ancestors. Whatever particular section they may have come from in England, the Palmers of America have achieved sufficient distinction to rest their honors there. Albert Palmer, the venerable and honored citizen of Akron to whom this sketch is dedicated, is descended in direct line from one of two brothers, Abraham and Walter Palmer, who landed on our shores when the whole of North America was one vast wilderness. These brothers became prominent in . the history of the Massachusetts Bay Colony, and Walter Palmer, from whom it is practically certain the subject of this review is descended, erected the first building at Charlestown, Massachusetts, about 163o. He was a member of the general court at Charlestown, whence, in 1643, he removed to Rehoboth, Massachusetts, where also he was a pioneer. There he held- various official positions, including that of selectman, and he was the first delegate from Rehoboth to the general court at Plym--. outh. In 1652 he became one of the founders of Stonington, Connecticut, where he remained one of the most influential citizens until his death, on the l0th of November, 1661. Data as to the direct line of descent of Albert Palmer, of Akron, from this ancestor are not available, nor indeed, are they required in the compilation of a sketch of this character. That the lineage is assured, however, is patent when it is recalled that his father was a native of this same Stonington, Connecticut. Albert Palmer was born in Lyons, New York, on the 11th of April, 1824, and, is a son of Stephen M. and Sarah (Stafford) Palmer, whose marriage was solemnized on the loth of September, 1818. Stephen Minor 1808 - HISTORY OF THE WESTERN RESERVE Palmer was born in Stonington, Connecticut, on the 28th of April, 1789, and when he was a child his parents removed to the state of New York and numbered themselves among the pioneer settlers of Wayne county. There he received a good common-school education, as guaged by the standard of the day, and there he gained practical experience in the manufacturing of fanning mills. In 1838 he set forth with his family for Ohio, proceeding to Buffalo by canal, thence to Cleveland, Ohio, by boat, and from the latter port he availed himself of team and wagon in making his way to Portage county, of which Summit county was then a part. He located at Middlebury (now Akron) and here, in 1839, he engaged in the manufacturing of fanning mills. He was among the first manufacturers of the now thriving industrial city of Akron, and his products found a ready demand throughout a wide section of the country, as the fanning mills were to a large extent an innovation and greatly facilitated the work of the farmers, who had hitherto depended upon the most primitive methods of cleaning their grain, which was threshed out by flails. Stephen M. Palmer thus became a public benefactor in the community, and here he ever held the unqualified confidence and esteem of all who knew him. He was a man of fine mentality, sterling character and much business ability and was one of the potent factors in furthering., the upbuilding of Akron, where he continued to reside until his death, which occurred in 1849. He was a stanch supporter of the cause of the old-line Whig party, was actively affiliated with the Masonic fraternity, and both he and his wife were zealous members of the Presbyterian church, having been prominent members of the first church of this denomination in Akron. His wife died on the 4th of January, 1864. Her mother, Mrs. Sarah Stafford, a widow at the time, accompanied the family to Ohio and died at Middlebury (Akron), on the 23rd of April, 1844, at the age of seventy-three years. Stephen M. and Sarah (Stafford) Palmer became the parents of nine children, of whom the subject of this review, the third in order of birth, is one of the two now living. Spencer Stafford Palmer, the eldest son, died at Donaldsonville, Louisiana, when about twenty-one years of age ; Henry was about seventy-eight years of age at the time of his demise, which occurred in Nashville, Tennessee, William died in the state of New York, when a child ; Stephen was a resident of Akron at the time of his death ; Nelson Stafford, who was one of the argonauts who made the hazardous journey across the plains to California in 1849, died in the state of Tennessee, in 1906 ; Mary, the widow of S. H. Greeley, is a resident of Springfield, Massachusetts ; Frances died at the age of seventeen years and Charles died in Springfield, Tennessee in 1884. Albert Palmer, whose name initiates this article, was fifteen years of age when the family came to Ohio. His education was secured in the common schools of the old Empire state, the village schools in Middlebury, and a well conducted private school. After this he was actively associated with his father's manufacturing business, being employed in the factory, and in selling the products, fanning mills, throughout the surrounding country. His mechanical training was excellent, and his outfit as salesman consisted of a one horse wagon, by means of which he traveled through this -tetion of the country extensively, and sold the mills to the farmers. He carried on this same business in Newark, Ohio, for about two years, from 1847 to 1849, returning to Akron where he remained until 1857, when he went to Nashville, where he remained until the animosities and unrest, engendered by the agitation of the slavery question, rendered his presence in the south unpleasant, as he was strongly opposed to human slavery, and did not hesitate to voice his opinions relative thereto. In 1855 he returned to Summit county. For many years thereafter he bought and sold pottery. In 1883, wishing to retire from the road he entered the employ of the Diamond Match Company, where he is 'still in the harness though eighty-five years of age. He is hale and hearty and shows no signs of either wearing or rusting to the point of relinquishing his active labors. He is a man of unpretentious habits, utmost tolerance and kindliness and wide and varied knowledge, in short, a symmetrical character and one who has made his life count for good in its various relations. In the county which has represented his home for the major portion of his long and useful life, he is well known, and to him has ever been accorded the unequivocal respect and confidence of all who have known him. In politics he is a stalwart advocate of the principles and policies for which the Republican party stand sponsor. September 25, 1849, Mr. Palmer married Miss Anna Elizabeth Haughey, who was born HISTORY OF THE WESTERN RESERVE - 1809 in Chillicothe, on the 23rd day of December, 183o. She was the daughter of William and Margaret (Miller) Haughey, residents of Newark, Ohio, at the time of her marriage. In 1899 Mr. and Mrs. Palmer celebrated their golden wedding. She died the 26th day of March, 1909. To few has it been given to walk side by side along the pathway of life for so long a period, and there is further interest in this connection, in the fact that all of their children, seven in number, are living. Concerning them the following brief data are consistently entered. Charles H., vice-president of The Diamond Match Company is individually mentioned in this publication ; Kate L. is the wife of Marion C. Lytle, of Wadsworth, Ohio ; William N. is assistant general superintendent of The Diamond Match Company ; Stephen M., of Chicago, Francis, of Akron; Jennette is the wife of Adolph Bonstedt, of Akron ; and Jessie B. lives in Akron. CHARLES H. PALMER.—In this age of colossal enterprise and marked intellectual energy the prominent and successful men are those whose abilities lead them into large undertakings and to assume the responsibilities and labors of leaders in their respective fields of endeavor. Success is methodical and consecutive and, however much we may indulge in fantastic theorizing as to its elements and causation in any isolated instance, in the light of sober investigation we shall find it to be but the result of the determined applications of individual abilities and forces along rigidly defined lines of labor, whether mental or manual. Among the great industrial enterprises which have conserved and are admirably maintaining the commercial precedence of the Western Reserve is that of the great corporation known as the Diamond Match Company, one of whose largest and most important plants is located at Barberton, Summit county, Ohio, and of which the subject of this review is vice-president and general superintendent. Mr. Palmer, who maintains his home and business headquesters in the city of Akron, the judicial center of the county, is recognized as one of the foremost "captains of industry" in the Western Reserve, of which he is a native son, and a representative of a pioneer family. His grandfather, the late Stephen M. Palmer, who was one of the earliest manufacturers of Summit county. Fuller details pertinent td the family history may be found in the sketch of the career of Albert Palmer, father of him whose name initiates this paragraph, on other pages of this work. In addition to his identification with the Diamond Match Company the subject of this review is also identified with other important manufacturing and financial concerns of Akron, in connection with whose business and civic interests he has long been a potent factor. Charles H. Palmer was born in the village of Middlebury, now the city of Akron, Ohio, on the 17th of August, 1850, and is a son of Albert and Ann Elizabeth (Hoye) Palmer. His, early educational training was secured in the public schools of his native village and later he was afforded the advantages of the well ordered academy conducted at Kingsville, Ohio. Mr. Palmer started in the match business when yet a lad., working for George Barber, and later The Barber Match Company, which was merged into The Diamond Match Company. Mr. Palmer is president of the Granite Clay Company, whose plant is located in Mogadore, Ohio, and whose main offices are in the city of Akron. Of this important corporation Mr. Palmer's only son, Thomas A., is vice-president and treasurer ; William N. Palmer is secretary, and George T. Whitmore general manager. Thomas A. Palmer is also manager of the Barberton plant of the Diamond Match Company. The Granite Clay Company is capitalized for $250,000. Notable among the other industrial corporations with which Charles H. Palmer is actively identified is the 'Akron Smoking Pipe Company, of which he is treasurer, and of which the other officers are as follows : F. W. Butler, president ; Curtis Fenton, vice-president and manager ; and F. A. Fenton, secretary. The company is incorporated with a capital stock of $100,000 and represents another of the important manufacturing industries of the city of Akron. Mr. Palmer is also a member of the directorate of the First National Bank of Akron and the Barberton Savings Bank, at Barberton, and is a member of the board of trustees of Hiram College, located in Hiram. Mr. Palmer has ever stood exponent of the utmost civic loyalty and public spirit, and has shown a lively interest in all that touches the welfare of his home city. His political allegiance is given to the Republican party, but he is essentially a business man and has never had any desire to throw himself into the turbulence of "practical politics." He is iden- 1810 - HISTORY OF THE WESTERN RESERVE tified with various fraternal and civic organzations and himself and wife are zealous and valued members of the First Church of Christ, Disciples, in Akron, of whose board of trustees he is a member. On the 4th of October, 1876, was solemnized the marriage of Mr. Palmer to Miss Marion Peckham, who was born and reared in Middlebury (now a part of the city of Akron) and who is a daughter of the late Thomas H. Peckham, one of the earliest settlers of Tallmadge, Summit county, and one whose name is held in lasting honor as that of a representative citizen and business man of this favored section of the Western Reserve. Mr. and Mrs. Palmer have one son, Thomas A., who was educated in the Case School of Applied Science, in Cleveland, and of whose business connections mention has already been made in this context ; he is recognized as one of the able and progressive business men of Akron. JAMES L. VANARNAM.—Among those actively identified with the advancement of the manufacturing and industrial interests of Lorain county is James L. Vanarnam, a well-known resident of Wellington, and one of its most highly esteemed citizens. A native of Ohio, he has the distinction of having been the first white child born in the Ashland county Infirmary, his birth having occurred there on September 1.8, 1849, while his father, the late Charles S. Vanarnam, had charge of that institution. Charles S. Vanarnam was born in Monroe county, New York, near Rochester, and was there brought up and educated. Corning to Ohio in 1840, he taught school, in the meantime reading law, and was afterward superintendent of the Ashland county Infirmary four years. Resigning that position to enter the legal profession, he met with marked success in his chosen work, gaining an extended reputation as a criminal lawyer. For more than a quarter of a century he practiced law in Ohio, being employed in Wooster, Ashland, and Mansfield, in cases of great importance, oftentimes being associated with John McSweeney, the celebrated attorney. Removing to the city of Lorain in 188o, he subsequently lived there retired from active work until his death, in 1887. His wife, whose maiden name was Eunice A. Cornell, was born near Rochester, New York, and died, in Lorain, Ohio, in 1892. Receiving his early education in the public schools of Ashland county, James L. Vanarnam remained beneath the parental roof tree until nineteen years of age, when he learned the trade of carriage-maker in Cincinnati, where he subsequently followed his trade for twenty-five years. Locating in Lorain, Ohio, in 1893, he was employed at the steel plant for a year. In 1894 he came to Wellington, and for a. few years was here employed at his trade. In 190o he embarked in the carriage making business on his own account, and has since carried it on with most satisfactory pecuniary results. Mr. Vanarnam married Anna Murphy, of Cincinnati. She died in 1893, at the early age of thirty-four years, leaving one child, Charles S. Vanarnam, who died, February 2, 1909, in Elyria, Ohio. Actively interested in local, state and national affairs, Mr. Vanarnam has been influential in politics since attaining his majority, being a valued member of the Democratic party, which is frequently in the minority in this state. He began his political career in 1872, during the Greeley campaign, and has since kept up a valiant fight for the principles of his party. In 1896 he was appointed deputy supervisor of elections by the secretary of state, and has held the office ever since, being the oldest deputy in point of service in Ohio, While living in Cincinnati, Mr. Vanarnam was a member of the board of education. He has since been his party's candidate for various official positions, but ever without hope of winning, the Republican majority at all times being overwhelming. He is a member of the state central committee from the Fourteenth district, and is likewise a member of the county executive committee. DR. RONALD G. HOLLAND is the president of the Holland Stock Remedy Company of the prominent manufacturing concerns of Lorain county. He was born at Huntington in Lorain county December 12, 1857, a son of George Henry and Caroline (Hubbard) Holland, the father born in Massachusetts and the mother in the state of New York. George H. Holland, born in the year of 1834, is a son of Abraham Holland, one of the pioneers of Huntington township, where the Holland family was established as early as 1835. George H. Holland and Caroline Hubbard were married in Huntington, and the wife died when her son Ronald George was but HISTORY OF THE WESTERN RESERVE - 1811 three years of age, but the husband and father still survives and is living on the home farm near Huntington: It was on that homestead that Ronald G. Holland was reared , attending meanwhile the neighboring district schools, and he remained on the farm until he was twenty-seven years of age. In 1887 he graduated from the Toronto (Canada) Veterinary College, and he at once began practice at Wellington, and although he has led his energies into broader fields he is still in practice to some extent, doing work for the state in testing cattle. In 1898 Dr. Holland entered upon his career as a manufacturer of stock remedies, formulating and beginning at that time the manufacture of medicated salt, and he is the pioneer in this line. Beginning in a small way and with limited capital, he has expanded the business from year to year, and in 1904 he organized the Holland Stock Remedy Company and became the president of the corporation. The Holland Stock Remedy Company has just completed and moved into its own buildings, consisting of a factory and a rock-faced brick office building, two separate buildings, and the latter is one of the most up-to-date business buildings in Wellington. The remedies which this company manufacture although not extensively advertised are shipped to every state of the Union and are known for their splendid medicinal qualities. They are sold in car load lots to the consumers. Dr. Holland married Edith Louisa Knowlton, born at Ruggles, Ohio, a daughter of Ackley Knowlton, a Civil war soldier who died of fever in camp. Dr. Holland is a member of the Republican party, of the Royal Arcanum and of the Methodist church. WILLIAM VISCHER is one of Wellington's leading business men, the head of the well known and long established firm of William Vischer and Son, wholesale dealers in pianos, and the president of the Home Savings Bank, two of the leading business institutions of this section.. He is a native son of the state of New York, born in Saratoga county on the 13th of February, 1838. The Vischer family is of Holland Dutch stock, and the ancestors of William Vischer were among the early settlers of the Empire state, locating on the Mohawk and Hudson rivers. Francis Vischer, the father of William, was born in Saratoga county of that state, and he married a lady from the same county, Harriet Shepard, a daughter of William Shepard, one of the noted men of his day and the superintendent of construction of the Erie canal during the building of that noted waterway. He was prominent in politics as well, a stanch Democrat, and he was a warm personal friend of Ben Wade, one of. Ohio's most noted men. Francis Vischer was a farmer, and he and his wife lived their lives in Saratoga county, New York. William Vischer is the only son of the four children of their marriage, and his three sisters are yet living in Saratoga county. William Vischer was reared to farm life there, receiving in the meantime a good English education, and for a time he taught school both in New York and in Ohio. He came to this state during the last years of the Civil war, locating first at Cardington in Morrow county, where he taught school for a time, and he went from there to New London, this state, and continued the same profession. He came to Wellington in the year of 1867 as the representative of the Estey Organ Company, and continued his connection with that corporation during the life of the organ business, up to about five years ago, and during a period of about twenty years he sold on an average of 350 organs in a year. He now handles the Estey pianos as well as those of other makes, and the business of the firm of William Vischer & Son extends over the entire northern part of Ohio, Mr. Vischer having admitted his son, William B., as a partner and formed the firm of William Vischer & Son. He was also one of the organizers of the Home Savings Bank of Wellington in 1894, was made its first president and has since remained in that position. With his son Mr. Vischer owns an interest in the Reserve Building, which was erected in Wellington about the year 1904 at a cost of $30,000. He has served as a trustee and secretary of the Herrick Library of his home city. Mr. Vischer married Marrietta, the youngest of the nine children of the late Samuel Edwards. She was born in Saratoga county, New York, and represents a family prominent in the annals of that state for many years. Her brother, Judge Samuel Edwards, Jr., served as a member of the supreme bench of the state of New York during a period of ten years, adorning that bench at the same time as did the late Judge Peckham, associate justice of the United States supreme bench. All of the children of Samuel Edwards are now dead 1812 - HISTORY OF THE WESTERN RESERVE with the exception of Mrs. Vischer, Judge Edwards and a brother living in Oklahoma. Three children were born to Mr. and Mrs. Vischer, but Lillian, the second born, died in 1902, at the age of thirty-four years. William B. Vischer is their only son, and Sarah, their only living daughter, married Herbert M. Lashley, a tea importer of Cleveland who died in October of 1909. The widow is now living in Wellington. Mr. Vischer is well known in Masonry, is a veteran member of Oriental Commandery, No. 12, Knights Templar, and has reached the thirty-second degree in the Scottish Rite, and is a member of Al Koran Temple Mystic Shrine at Cleveland. ALLEN M. Cox.—Engaged in the practice of his profession at Conneaut Ashtabula county, for nearly forty years, Allen M. Cox merits consideration in this publication as one of the representative members of the bar of the Western Reserve, within whose boundaries he has maintained his home since his childhood. He has given himself with all of zeal, industry and ability to the work of his chosen calling and in the same his success has been of the most definite order. He is one of the well known and loyal citizens of Ashtabula county, and during the long years of his residence here he- has held the high regard of the community, which has shown appreciation of his sterling character by the according of unqualified confidence and esteem. Allen Michael Cox was born at Waddington, St. Lawrence county, New York, on the 3oth of September, 1843, and is a son of John W. and Elizabeth (Doyle) Cox, both of whom were natives of the Emerald Isle. The father -was born at Thomond, county Wexford, Ireland, in 1820, and he was there reared and educated. In 1840, after settling the estate of his father he came to America in company with his bride and they settled in the immediate vicinity of village of Madrid, St. Lawrence county, New York. The founders of the family in Ireland went thither from England with Oliver Cromwell, and the family name has ever since been identified with the history of the Emerald Isle. While the name Cox is one that has many representatives in America, John W. Cox had no relatives in this country except cousins and their descendants, who lived on, Prince Edward Island, Canada. Be continued to be engaged in farming in St. Lawrence county, New York, for a few years and he then became a subcontractor in connection with railroad construction. In 1851 he removed with his family. to Ashtabula, Ohio, and entered the employ of Charles Bowers, who conducted an extensive' lumber and stave shipping business at Ashtabula Harbor. In later years Mr. Cox gave his attention to his own affairs, and he continued his residence in Ashtabula until his death, which occurred in 1895. He was a man of unquestionable probity and honOr and commanded the respect of all who knew him. His cherished and devoted wife was summoned to the life eternal in 1885, and they are survived by the one son, Allen M. of this review, and by four daughters—Kate, who is the wife of Frank Wilson, of Collinwood, Ohio ; Maria, the wife of Andrew C. Tombes, of Ashtabula ; Elizabeth, married to Cyrus Gould, of Collinwood, and Charlotte, who is the wife of Joseph Waddington, of Erie, Pennsylvania. Allen M. Cox, whose name initiates this article, is indebted to the district schools of Ashtabula county for his preliminary education, which was supplemented by a course in the high school in the city of Ashtabula. At a very early age he became identified with lake-marine navigation, as a sailor on the Great Lakes. He was master of a vessel when but twenty years of age, and during the greater portion of his service on the lakes he was identified principally with the Chicago and Buffalo grain trade. He sailed the lakes during the navigation season and during the winters devoted his attention to reading law, under the able preceptorship of late Hon. Edward H. Fitch and the late Hon. Laban S. Sherman, who were associated in the practice of law at Ashtabula, Ohio. The ambitious young sailor made excellent progress in his absorption and assimilation of the science of jurisprudence, and he was admitted to the bar, at Columbus, Ohio, in Mai-ch, 1871, before the supreme court of Ohio. On the 1st of January of the following year he opened an office in Conneaut, where he has since continued in the active practice of his profession and where he has long held a place of leadership, involving the the retaining of a clientage of important and representative order. Mr. Cox served as mayor of Conneaut for a period of about eight years and his long tenure of this office affords the best evidence of his ability and effective service as chief executive of the municipal government. For about a quarter of a century he served as a member of the board of education of Conneaut, and during much of this time he was president of the board. In 1881-2 he was prose- HISTORY OF THE WESTERN RESERVE - 1813 cuting attorney of Ashtabula county. For a period of nearly eight years Mr. Cox was a member of the board of directors of the Pittsburg, Shenango & Lake Erie Railroad Company, and for this corporation, as well as for the Pittsburg & Conneaut Dock Company and other important corporate bodies he has been attorney for many years. He has attended unremittingly to his profession, caring little for political office and finding his greatest solace and delight in his home and family associations. Mr. Cox has given his support to the cause of the Republican party from the time of attaining to his legal majority, and he has shown a loyal interest in the upholding of its principles and policies. He is affiliated with the Masonic fraternity and has long been an attendant of the First Congregational church of Conneaut, of whose board of trustees he served as a valued member for a number of years. Of this church his wife also is a zealous adherent. At Hinsdale, Cheshire county, New Hampshire, on September 1o, 1872, was solemnized the marriage of Mr. Cox to Miss Julia Elizabeth Liscom, who was there born and reared and who is a daughter of Lemuel and Emma (Horton) Liscom, both representatives of sterling families early founded in New England, that cradle of so much of our national history. Lemuel Liscom likewise was born in the town of Hinsdale, New Hampshire, and as a young man he went to the city of Boston, Massachusetts, where he engaged in the coal business and where he is accredited with having been the first person to sell hard or anthracite coal. He finally disposed of his business in Boston and-purchased a farm at Hinsdale, in his native county, where he continued to reside until his death, in 1885. His wife passed to the life eternal in 1894 and they are survived by four sons and two daughters. Mrs. Cox was afforded the advantages of the public schools of her native place and later was graduated in Glenwood Seminal, at West Brattleboro, Vermont. She has long been a popular figure in the social activities of Conneaut and the family home is notable for its refined and gracious hospitality. Mr. and Mrs. Cox have had three sons and one daughter, namely: Hubert Liscom, James Allen (who departed this life in November, 1904), Julia E. and Charles Lemuel. All of the children were afforded the advantages of the public schools of Conneaut ; Hubert and James were graduated in DartItouth. College and the only daughter attended Oberlin College, at Oberlin, Ohio, and Lasell Seminary, at Auburndale, Massachusetts. Hubert Liscom Cox is the assistant postmaster at Conneaut and Julia Elizabeth, the daughter, is a resident of the family home in Conneaut. J. WILLIAM HASENPFLUG, a well known citizen and successful farmer of Brownhelm, was born in the township of that name, in Lorain county, December 1, 1847, son of Adam H. and Catherine (Reisinger) Hasenpflug, natives of Hesse-Cassel, Germany, who came to Ohio in 1842, and purchased the farm where J. William now lives. Adam H. Hasenpflug first purchased sixty-nine acres, and kept adding to his possessions until he became owner of four hundred acres. He died about 1891 and his wife about 1877. Four children-were born to them and lived to maturity, and of these J. William, the youngest, is now the only one surviving. Mr. Hasenpflug was educated in the district school, and attended Oberlin Academy one term ; he worked the home farm some years, and ten years after his marriage purchased one hundred acres of this farm, where he has since carried on general farming with splendid success. He is a public-spirited, useful citizen, and in politics is a Republican; at present he is serving as township trustee. He belongs. to the United Evangelical church and is a trustee and class leader. He is a member of the Brownhelm grange. Mr. Hasenpflug is an enterprising, progressive farmer, and stands high in the community, where he is well known. On December 29, 1874, Mr. Hasenpflug married Mary Keullmer, born June 24, 1857, in Brownhelm township, daughter of Henry and Elizabeth (Bettenhausen) Keullmer, natives of Hesse-Cassel, Germany. The first ten years after their marriage Mr. and Mrs. Hasenpflug lived on the John Lock farm in Middle Ridge, Brownhelm township, from where they moved back to the home farm which has been their residence. Their children are as follows : Edwin R. a butcher by trade, living at home ; Karl R., of Brownhelm township, married May Peabody ; Bertha E., Mrs. Henry Stick, of Oberlin ; Arthur A.; George R. ; Newton P., and Mabel M., the four last named residing at home. HENRY M. ANDRESS.-A man of undoubted enterprise and energy, recognized for his keen 1814 - HISTORY OF THE WESTERN RESERVE intelligence and sound business judgment, Henry M. Andress has been a resident of Elyria for thirty-four years, during which time he has been intimately associated with its development and industrial activities, at the present time carrying on a successful business as a dealer in real estate and in automobiles. A son of the late Carlo Andress, he was born, John 19, 1855, on the parental homestead, in Henrietta township, Lorain county. Carlo Andress was born, November 6, 1804, in Essex county, New York, and as a boy of thirteen years came to Ohio. Beginning life for himself as a farmer, he located in Henrietta township, and on the farm which he cleared and improved and where he resided until 1868, when he removed to Oberlin to have his children educated, and there died November 8, 187o. He married Welthy Smith, who was born August 16, 1815, in Poughkeepsie, New York. Completing his early education in Oberlin College, Henry M. Andress subsequently taught school for awhile. Having a preference for a mercantile career, he gained his first experience in that line while running a meat market for himself at Birmingham, Ohio. Coming to Elyria in 1876, Mr. Andress was a bookkeeper for a year in the store of Hannan and Obitts, who dealt in groceries and hardware. Later he associated with Henry W. Wurst in the grocery buSiness. In 1877, in company with John T. Houghton, he embarked in the livery business, and at the end of the year bought out his partner. This business he continued successfully for twenty-five years, having one of the best equipped barns in northern Ohio, and during which time, in addition to his other business, he dealt extensively in vehicles of all kinds, selling over five hundred carriages in one year. Mr. Andress is now dealing in real estate, handling large Aamounts, and is the local agent for several leading makes of automobiles. Mr. Andress is a director in the Elyria Savings and Banking Company, and at the present time is a member of its building committee, having charge of the erection of the new building in which the institution will soon be housed. He was one of the builders and is one third owner of the Andwur Hotel property in Elyria. He was formerly a member of the Elyria Public Service Board, for more than two years serving as its president. As a judge of real estate values Mr. Andress' abil ity is well known, and in 1910 he served as a member of the Board of Appraisers of Real Property, which meets in quadrennial session for the revision of the valuation of real property for taxation purposes in the city of Elyria. On July 9, 1878, Mr. Andress married Medora G. Boynton, who was born in Elyria, a daughter of the late Joshua Boynton. Three children have been born to Mr. and Mrs. Andress, namely : Maude M., who is a graduate from the Elyria high school, and Maryland College, in Lutherville, Maryland ; Jean, wife of J. V. Dillman, of Cleveland ; and George H., associated with his father. GEORGE M. DELLEFELD.—Elyria township is fortunate in having been settled by a remarkably enterprising, industrious and . intelligent class of people, among those that assisted in developing its agricultural resources having been George Dellefeld, father of the subject of this sketch. Henry Dellefeld, grandfather of George M., was a life-long resident of Germany, where his birth occurred about 1776. Serving under that brilliant soldier, Napoleon Bonaparte, he was with him in his Russian campaign, spending the winter near Moscow. He was twice married. His second wife, whose maiden name was Dute, was the mother of his son George. She survived him, and with her three sons, Henry, George and Anton, came to the United States, locating in Ohio, where she died in 1872, aged seventy-seven years. Henry, the eldest son, died in Amherst, Lorain county, in 1865. Anton, the younger son, now resides in Birmingham township, Erie county, Ohio. Born in Germany, June 20, 1833, George Dellefeld came to Lorain county, Ohio, in 1847, going first to Amherst, where he secured employment with Judge Harris, grandfather of the present postmaster general of the United States. A few years later he bought fifty acres of the. Brace tract land in Elyria township, and continued buying sixty, forty, sixty, twenty and ten acres, until he had two hundred and forty acres, and was there busily and successfully engaged in tilling the soil until his death, April 14, 1901. His first wife, whose maiden name was. Mary Schmitkons, died February 17, 1873. She bore him seven children, namely : John, deceased ; Anton, deceased ; John H., of Elyria ; George M., the subject of this sketch ; Anton A., of HISTORY OF THE WESTERN RESERVE - 1815 Amherst township ; Annie died at the age of two years; and a child that died in infancy. He married second Margaret Schmitkons, a cousin of his first wile„and to them ten children were born. She still occupies the old homestead ,on the town line road. The family are all members of the Amherst Evangelical church. George M. Dellefeld was born on the parental farm, in Elyria township, August 30, 1866, and received his early education in the schools of his district. Working with his father until attaining his majority, he was well trained in the many branches of agriculture, and in 1892 bought from his father the old Ab Ely place, consisting of sixty acres of swamp land, and twenty acres of the old Wilford farm. Here Mr. Dellefeld has made various and substantial improvements, having in 1895 erected his fine residence, while in 1898 he repaired and remodeled his large barn. Mr. Dellefeld, on November 27, 1888, married Eliza Ernst, a daughter of Henry Ernst, of Amherst township, and they are the parents of five children, namely: Mayme, Elmer, Pearl, Earl and Irvin. Mr. Dellefeld is interested in local affairs, and has served as a member of the Elyria Township School Board. He belongs to the Grange, and is a member of Saint Paul's Evangelical church of Elyria. WALTER D. HALL is the manager of the Western Union Telegraph office at Wellington, and has held that office since 1885. He was born at Brighton, Ohio, March 10, 1854, a son of Theophilus and Electa (Dunbar) Hall, born respectively in Connecticut and Vermont, and a grandson on the paternal side of one of the pioneers of Ohio, Avery Hall. In seeking 'his new home in this commonwealth, Avery Hall passed through Cleveland when that city was but sand hills, and he established his home at Brighton in Lorain county. Theophilus and Electa. Hall after their marriage also settled at Brighton, where they owned a farm for some years, but afterward Mr. Hall engaged in the lumber and grocery business at Wellington, and he died in this city in 1899, his wife surviving him until the year 1905. Their family numbered the following children : Lorinda M., now Mrs. S. S. Hall, and a resident of Burlington, Kansas ; Wilbur W., whose death occurred in Kansas City, Missouri; Walter D. ; Herbert Vol. III-35 W., who died at Wellington in 1997 ; and Arthur D., a resident of Albany, Oregon. Walter D. Hall started out to battle for himself when a boy of sixteen, and learning telegraphy two years afterward in the Big Four Railroad office at Wellington, he was made the manager of the Western Union Telegraph office here in 1880, and has ever since continued in charge of the office. In the meantime he has served the city as a member of its council for eleven years, and for three years was its mayor, elected in 1904, and he proved a faithful and efficient executive. He has also attained a high place in the Masonic fraternity, being a member of Wellington Chapter, No. 109, which he served two years as high priest, and for two years was worshipful master of the blue lodge. He is also identified with the order of Eastern Star, Temple Chapter, and has served as its worthy patron for, two terms. Mr. Hall married on August 7, 1876, Alma M. Thomas, born in Rochester township of Lorain county, a daughter of DeGrasse and Harriet Thomas, from the same township. A. son and a daughter have been born to Mr. and. Mrs. Hall, Ethel and Walter F. The daughter is the manager of the Postal Telegraph Company's office here, and the son is a dentist in Cleveland. WILLIAM ELISHA PECK was born in Brown- helm township, Lorain county, Ohio, August 5, 1841, and is a son of Elisha Franklin and Sally Ann (Morse) Peck, natives of Great Barrington, Massachusetts. Elisha F. Peck was born May 25, 1896, and his wife February 13, 1811. The parents of Elisha F. were Elisha and Millicent (Byington) Peck. The former born in Berlin, Connecticut, March 7, 1874, was a son of Deacon Paul Peck, of Hartford, Connecticut, a was soldier. Mrs. Millicent Peck was born in Bristol, Connecticut. Elisha Peck came to Brownhelm township, Lorain county, in 1817, and settled in the forest, where he built a log house and in the fall of the year he returned to Massachusetts for his wife and ten children. He secured about 40o acres of timber land, which he started to clear and improve, making several acres into a well improved farm and he was one of the first settlers of the township. His son, Elisha F. Peck, married Sally Ann, daughter of Abisha and Anna (Ray) Morse, natives of Massachusetts. In 1817 the father of Abisha, Seth Morse, came to Brownhelm 1816 - HISTORY OF THE WESTERN RESERVE township and located land. Seth Morse returned to Massachusetts and in 1827 his son, Abisha, came to the land his father had located. Peck and his wife were married in Elyria, Ohio, July. 3, 1833, after which they settled on a part of a farm purchased from his father, at first living in a log house, the husband setting to work to clear and improve the land. Elisha F. Peck was a Whig and later a Democrat in political views, having served as postmaster of Brownhelm from 1857 until 1861. Mr. Peck took an active interest in public affairs, and was a colonel of militia. He died August 31, 1882, and his wife August 30, 1876. They had four children, namely : Ann, Mrs. Henry O. Allen, died December 31, 1883, at the old home ; Lydia, Mrs. George P. Deyo, died in Huron, Ohio, March 28, 1905 ; Henry F. died February 4, 1864, at the old home ; and F., E. William E. Peck was the youngest child of his parents, and lived on the old home until his marriage, in 1871. He received a common school education and took up farming as an occupation. He now owns 200 acres of the original farm which has been in the family since 1817. He carries on general farming, and is a successful, enterprising farmer. He is a Democrat in politics and served two terms as township assessor. He belongs to the Knighted Order Tented Maccabees of North Amherst, Phoenix Tent No.. 42 ; also to the Independent Order of Odd Fellows of North Amherst. He and his wife are -members of the Order of Rebekahs of Lorain and they are also members of the Brownhelm Grange. Mr. Peck married, December 28, 1871, Louisa Sarah Smith, born in Avon township, Lorain county, May 19, 1840, daughter of Hiram and Selinda (Goff) Smith. Hiram Smith was born in New Hampshire, in 1810, and his wife was born in Richford, Vermont, in the same year. His father was Joseph Smith, of New Hampshire, and his wife's parents were Hezekiah and Sallie (Willard). Goff, of Connecticut. Hiram Smith and his wife were married in St. Albans, Vermont, in 1830, and in 1837 they came to Cleveland ; they later went to Avon township and several times returned to Cleveland. Mr. Smith was a painter and later bought land in Avon township. He enlisted in the Union army in 1861, and spent two years and a half in the service of his country ; becoming disabled, he was discharged and returned to his home, then in Oberlin. His health failing, he went to Tampa, Florida, took a soldier's claim, and died there from the effect of sunstroke. His widow lived with her daughter, Mrs. Peck, from 1894 until her death in 1899. Mr. Peck and his wife became parents of two children. Franklin H. Peck, married Margaret E. Heinzerling and they have three children, Marie L., Harold W. and Paul G., these children being the fifth generation of the name to occupy the home farm. Claude H. Peck died November 3, 1895, at the age of sixteen years. Mrs. William E. Peck was educated at Oberlin College and taught school for ten years previous to her marriage, for one year being assistant superintendent of the schools at Richford, Vermont. The family attend the Congregational church. EDWARD WELLS.—In even a cursory review of the careers of the honored pioneer business men of the historic old Western Reserve there is eminent propriety in according recognition to Edward Wells, who has precedence as the oldest business man of the attractive little city of Wellington, Lorain county, which has been the scene of his earnest, honorable and successful endeavors for nearly half a century. His course has been marked by consecutive industry, close application and inviolable integrity of purpose, and no citizen enjoys a greater measure of popular confidence and regard than does this venerable business man of Lorain county, where he has lived and labored to goodly ends and where he is still active in connection with the administration and practical workings of the business enterprise which he founded more than forty-five years ago, in the manufacturing of and dealing in harness and saddlery. The firm of E. Wells & Son, of which he is the senior member, stands as one of the stanch and representative business concerns of this favored section of the Western Reserve, and its reputation is based on long years of careful and reliable dealings and effective service. Edward Wells was born in Willoughby, Nottinghamshire, England, on April 14, 1828, and is a son of Edward and Ann (Clark) Wells. His father was born in the same picturesque county of the "right little isle," in the year 1790, and the family name has for many generations been identified with the industrial and civic history of that section of England. Edward Wells, Sr., learned the trade of cabinetmaker, in the city of London, and there he enlisted as a soldier in the English army, in which he served under the Duke of Welling- HISTORY OF THE WESTERN RESERVE - 1817 ton in the historic battle of Waterloo, ever to be associated with the tragic downfall of Napoleon. His father finally secured, by the paymencof-a"stipulated sum, his release from further military service, and the greater part of his active career thereafter was one of close identification with agricultural pursuits, in which he continued to be engaged until his death, in 1836, at East Norton, Leicestershire, England, where he had maintained his home for a number of years. His wife, who bore him three sons and one daughter, survived him by many years and finally contracted a second marriage, becoming the wife of a man named Samuel Fairchild. She continued to reside in England until her death. Of the four children of the first marriage two sons are now residents of the United States. The other son, Thomas Wells, died in London, England, and the daughter, Mrs. Ann Sophia Jelley, died at Woolwich, England. John Wells, a younger brother of the subject of this sketch, preceded the latter to America and he is now living retired at Bowling Green, Ohio, after having been one of the successful business men of that place for many years. Edward Wells (II), to whom this sketch is dedicated, passed his boyhood days in the English shires of Nottingham, Northampton and Leicester, and was afforded fair educational advantages. In 1844, at the age of sixteen years, in accordance with a custom then in vogue, he was "bound out" to a maker of harness and horse collars, at Market beeping, Lincolnshire, for a period of five years. Under conditions customary at that period the young apprentice was supposed to pay for the privilege of learning his trade; and it is interesting to record that the parents of Mr. Wells had to pay ten pounds, or fifty dollars, for his indenture or training at his trade. In return for his services, which gradually increased in value, as a matter of course, he received only his board during his period of apprenticeship. In the earlier days this same custom obtained in America to a large extent, having been introduced from the mother country. The indenture or apprenticeship contract drawn up at the time when Mr. Wells initiated his technical training is still in his possession. It is written on parchment, is well preserved and is not only prized by him but should continue a valued heirloom in .the keeping of his descendants. The young English apprentice who was later to become a successful business man of Wellington, Ohio, had no sinecure during his days of preliminary training, as he had to apply himself with all assiduity for a period of fully sixteen to eighteen hours each day, but he has never regretted the experience, as it taught him the valuable lessons of consecutive application and gave him proper appreciation of the dignity and honor of honest toil and endeavor. He has been one of the world's noble army of workers, and the kindly sympathy and generous impulses that have marked. his career have shown that he views life with no mental strabismus but has placed true valuations upon men and affairs. In the year 1849 Mr. Wells initiated his work as a journeyman at his trade, at a recompense of eighteen shillings a week, from which he had to defray his own incidental expenses. He continued to be employed as a journeyman in his native land until 1852. On the 21 st of January of that year, two days after the solemnization of his marriage, he and his young bride embarked at Liverpool, upon a sailing, vessel, and set forth to establish for themselves a home in the United States. Nine weeks were consumed in making the voyage and the young couple landed in the port of New York City. Their destination was Oswego, New York, where a brother of Mrs. Wells had established a home, and there the young English couple made their advent in March, 1852. Upon his arrival in Oswego Mr. Wells' cash capital was represented solely in a one-pound note. He secured work at his trade in Oswego, at a compensation of one dollar a day, and there he remained until the following spring, when he came to Ohio and located at Olena, Huron county, where his younger brother, John, had established himself in the harness business. The brothers forthwith formed a partnership, under the title of E. & J. Wells, and this association continued until 1859, when it was dissolved by mutual consent. Edward Wells then removed to Rochester, Lorain connty, where he established himself in the same line of business and where he also did a large business in the handling of hides during the period of the Civil war. In 1865 he disposed of his interests in Rochester and after passing eight months in Windsor, Canada, he went with his family for a three months' visit to the old home in England. Upon his return to the United States Mr. Wells came again to Lorain county, Ohio, and here, in April, 1865, he purchased of Hiram 1818 - HISTORY OF THE WESTERN RESERVE Elliott an established harness and saddlery business, including the building that stood on the site of his present commodious and well equipped store and shops. He gradually amplified the scope of the enterprise, keeping its ,facilities up to the highest possible standard, and the establishment soon gained a high reputation for the superiority of its products and the fair and honorable methods employed by the owner. To have maintained a business on Such a reputation for nearly half a century has adequate significance, without words of praise or commendation in a publication of this order, but it is gratifying to make note of the protracted period during which this sterling business man has' been actively identified with the industrial, commercial and civic affairs of the thriving little city that has so long represented his home and been the center of his interests. In 1877 Mr. Wells admitted to partnership his son, Edward Wells, Jr., and since that time the business has been continued under the firm name of E. Wells & Son. At the time of the formation of this grateful association the present substantial and commodious brick block occupied by the firm was erected, and the enterprise has enjoyed uninterrupted and well merited prosperity under the direction and control of Mr. Wells and his son, who has proved a most able and faithful coadjutor. Though the subject of this sketch has attained to the age of more than four score years he is admirably preserved in his mental and physical faculties. His activity is as great as that of the average man of sixty, and he is found each day at his bench, as he finds pleasure in attending to the practical work that has engrossed his attention from the days of his youth and through which he has gained a due measure of temporal prosperity. His memory remains unimpaired, and his reminiscences are full of interest and instruction, as they ever show -that he has been a man of admirable powers of observation and ratiocination. Ever loyal to all the duties and responsibilities of citizenship in the land of his adoption and ever appreciative of American institutions, Mr. Wells has been arrayed as a supporter of the cause of . the Democratic party from the time of becoming a naturalized citizen of the United States to the present. He is well fortified in his views as to matters of public policy, was formerly actively concerned in the work of his party in a local way and he still shows a lively interest in its cause. While a resident of Rochester, this state, he served as township treasurer, but he has never been ambitious for public office, though ready at all times to give his co-operation in the support of all measures and enterprises projected for the general good of the community. Mr. Wells was reared in the faith of the established Church of England, and in 1863 both he and his wife became communicants of the Protestant Episcopal church, at Oberlin, Ohio. In 1865, after their removal to Wellington, where no church of the Episcopal faith had been established, they united with the Congregational church, and Mr. Wells, now the oldest member of this church organization, has been a close and regular attendant at its services. He has held several offices in the church and has contributed liberally in a financial way and through personal service to the support of the various departments of its work. Mr. Wells is one of the "grand old business men" and sterling citizens of the Western Reserve and it is pleasing to offer even this epitome of his career in this publication. On January 19, 1852, at Spalding, Lincolnshire, England, was solemnized the marriage of Mr. Wells to Miss Elizabeth Pitcher, who was born at that place, on April 3, 1829, and who continued his cherished and devoted wife and helpmeet until the gracious association was shattered by her death. She was a woman of gentle and noble personality and her thrift and constant care contributed not a little to the success of her husband. With him she joined the Episcopal and later the Congregational church, and she was ever zealous and devout in her religious associations. She was summoned to the' life eternal on March 31, 1894, and of the two children of this union the elder is Edward, Jr., who is associated with his father in business and of whom more specific mention is made in following paragraphs. John William, the second child, died at Oswego, New York, at the age of six months. On February 23, 1898, Mr. Wells contracted a second marriage, being then united to his present wife, Miss Elizabeth Widdowson, of Wellington. No children have been born of this union. Edward Wells, Jr., the only surviving child of his parents, was born in the city of Oswego, New York, on October 28, 1852, and he is now recognized as one of the essentially representative business men of. Lorain county, which has been his home during the greater HISTORY OF THE WESTERN RESERVE - 1819 part of his life thus far. He is well upholding the prestige of the name which he bears and is one of the progressive and public-spirited citizens of Wellington, where his circle of friends is coincident with that of his acquaintances. :His earlier educational training was secured in the public schools of Ohio and was supplemented by an effective course in a business college at Elyria, this state. After serving for a time as clerk in a railroad office in the city of Detroit, Michigan, he became associated with his father in business, as has already been noted in this context. His business activities, however, have not been limited to the enterprise which his father has so closely followed, as he is president of the Wells Company, of Wellington, which corporation conducts the leading retail establishment for the handling of men's clothing and furnishing goods, millinery and shoes in the southern part of Lorain county. He is also a director of the Home Savings Bank of Wellington and a member of its finance committee. Alert, liberal and progressive as a citizen and practical business man, Mr. Wells, like his honored father, is found arrayed as a stalwart advocate of the cause of the Democratic party. He has served several terms as a member of the board of education of Wellington and at the present time ( 1910) is a member of the city council. He is also a member of the board of jury commissioners of Lorain county and has been called upon to serve in other positions of trust, indicating the secure hold he has upon the confidence and regard of the community. On October 28, 1880, at Wellington, was solemnized the marriage of Edward Wells, Jr., to Miss Mary Hastings, who was born in Jefferson county, New York, and who is a daughter Of Hairy T. and Magdalena Hastings, of Natural Bridge, New York. Mr. and Mrs. Wells have two. sons, Guy Edward, who was born on September 15, 1881, and Howard, who was born on August 21, 1888. Guy E., the elder son, is now secretary and treasurer of the Wells Company, previously mentioned, and thus there are three generations of the family actively identified with buiness interests in Wellington at the present time. Guy E. Wells was married on March 15, 1905, to Miss Marna Stemple, of Wellington, who was born at Carrollton, Ohio, on January 20, 1884, a daughter of Levi and Mary (Gearhart) Stemple, and the two children, of this union ire, Edward Stemple Wells, horn July 25, 1906, and Lawrence Sydney, born April 4, 1908. These children represent the fourth generation of the family in Wellington at the time of this writing. Howard Wells, younger son of Edward Wells, Jr., was born on August 21, 1888, and was graduated in the Wellington high school as a member of the class of 1906. He then entered the celebrated Case School of Applied Science, in the city of Cleveland, in which he was graduated in May, 1910, as a chemist, receiving high, honors. He is now in the employ of one of the large pharmaceutical manufacturing concerns of Detroit, Michigan. CHARLES BOSTWICK INGERSOLL. —B ringing excellent judgment and systematic business methods to his free and independent calling, Charles B. Ingersoll, of Camden township, is meeting with eminent success as an agriculturist, owning and managing one of the choice farming estates of Lorain county. .Coming on both sides of the house of honored pioneer ancestry, he. was born, January 21, 1847, in Grafton township, Lorain county, a son of William W. Ingersoll. His paternal grandfather, Colonel William Ingersoll, a native of Massachusetts, married Catherine Helk, who was born in Berkshire county, Massachusetts, and soon after removed to Ohio, becoming one of the first householders of Grafton township, Lorain county. Clearing a homestead from the forest-covered land, he was there employed in tilling the soil until his death, he and his wife passing away within a few days of each other. William W. Ingersoll was born in Grafton township, September 30, 1820, and after his marriage began farming in that township on fifty acres of land that he had previously bought. Selling out in April, 1854, he removed with his family to Camden township, and bought 188 acres of wild land. Continuing his chosen occupation, he met with success, and from time to time invested in additional land, at the time of his death, January 25, 1879, having title to 275 acres of good land. He married, July 24, 1845, in Grafton, Elizabeth Ann Welburn, who was born in Pittsfield, Massachusetts, August 17, 1825, a daughter of Jesse Welburn, who was born and educated in England. Coming to the United States when young, Mr. Welburn married Mary Ann Lockwood, who was born in Pittsfield, Massachusetts, and a year or two later came with his family to Lorain county, settling in 1826, in 1820 - HISTORY OF THE WESTERN RESERVE Grafton township, on a farm adjoining that of Colonel William Ingersoll. Mrs. William W. Ingersoll continued her residence on the home farm until her death, November 22, 1909. Eight children were born to her and her husband, namely : Charles B., the special subject of this sketch ; Mary, the oldest daughter, died in infancy ; Mary, the second daughter, married George Brooks, of Cleveland ; Catherine, wife of George Boyes, of Warren, Ohio ; Emma Jane died March 15, 1865, aged seven years ; Walter and Debby both died in April, 1865 ; and Frank, living on the parental homestead. Charles B. Ingersoll received his early education in the district school, and during the days of his boyhood and youth acquired a practical knowledge of general husbandry. At that time the toils of the field were arduous and almost endless, the labor-saving machinery of today being undreamed of ; and to successfully manage a large farm required incessant industry, energetic perseverence and good judgment. Mr. Ingersoll proved himself a possessor of all of these, and after the death of his his father he became owner of 163 acres of the original homestead, and engaged extensively in general farming, making somewhat of a specialty the raising of cattle and sheep. On October 9, 1900, he purchased from his mother the remainder of the estate, and has now one of the most highly improved and valuable farms in this part of the county. His buildings are commodious and conveniently arranged, comparing favorably with any in the vicinity. His large barn was built in 1908. Mr. Ingersoll married, March 17, 1887, Anna Watson, who was born March 4, 1868, in County Down, Ireland, a daughter of William and Martha (McNeiley) Watson, who emigrated to this country with their family, and settled in Boston, Massachusetts, where Mr. Watson died a few years later. Mrs. Watson subsequently visited friends and relatives in Ireland, and on her return to the United States married for her second husband William Davidson, who afterwards moved to Lorain county, and died in Camden. His widow, Mrs. Davidson, is now a resident .of Cleveland. Ten children have been born to Mr. and Mrs. Ingersoll, namely : William, of Camden township ; Emma, wife of Allie Hayes, resides in Clarksfield, Ohio ; Mary died in infancy ; Grace ; Seth ; Charles ; Walter ; Mabel ; F. A. ; and Blanche. Politically Mr. Ingersoll is identified with the Republican party, and has served as a member of the local board of education. RUSSELL HATHAWAY, M. D.—Noteworthy among the leading physicians of Lorain county is Russell Hathaway, M. D., of Wellington, who has gained an extended reputation in the practice of his profession, his wide experience having given him a knowledge and skill that has won the confidence and esteem of his many patients, and placed him in the front rank among the noted medical men of the Western Reserve. A son of Robert Hathaway, he was born, July 21, 1848, in Sandusky, Ohio, of pioneer ancestry, his Grandfather Hathaway having been a native of Delaware county, New York, removing from there to Sandusky, Erie county, Ohio. Born and brought up in Delaware county, New York, Robert Hathaway migrated to Erie county, this state, when a young man, locating at Bogarts Corners, five miles from Sandusky. He there married Sarah Porter, who was born at Amherst, Lorain county, Ohio, a daughter of Thomas Porter, who was born in the north of Ireland, being the oldest of a family consisting of fourteen sons. Subsequently removing to Sandusky, Robert Hathaway was for a number of years successfully employed in the grocery business in that city. After the death of his wife, in 188o, he came to Wellington, and made his home with his son. Russell, living here until his death, in 1893, at the ripe old age of eighty-two years. Having completed the course of study in the public schools of Sandusky, Russell Hathaway entered the Cleveland Homeopathic Medical College, from which he was graduated with the class of 1876. Immediately locating in Wellington, Dr. Hathaway has remained here since, and in the practice of his chosen profession has met with distinguished success, being now one of the longest established and most favorably known practitioners in Lorain county. He is prominent in professional circles, belonging to both the Lorain County Medical Society and to the State Medical Society. Dr. Hathaway has been twice married. He married first Mollie Gordon, of Sandusky. She died in 1882, leaving two children, namely : George, engaged in the insurance business in Chicago, Illinois ; and Russelle, who married Harley M. Horr, of Wellington, and is now advertising manager of the Dioxigen Company. Fraternally the doctor is a member of HISTORY OF THE WESTERN RESERVE - 1821 the Ancient Free and Accepted Masons and of the Independent Order of Odd Fellows. ADOLPH HUENE.—Having accomplished a satisfactory work as an agriculturist, acquired a competency to live on during his declining years, Adolph Huene is now living retired from active pursuits in Kipton, Lorain county, enjoying the well-merited reward of his many years of unremitting. toil. He was born, November 2, 1826, in Hanover, Germany, which was also the birthplace of his father, Frederick Huene. After his marriage with Catherine E. Biasing; a native of Coer, Hesse, Germany, Frederick Huene lived in the Fatherland a number of years, in the meantime saving enough of his earnings to warrant him in establishing himself on this side of the Atlantic. Crossing the ocean with his family in 1835, he landed in New York City, from there going up the Hudson river to Albany, thence by way of the Erie canal to Buffalo. Embarking then on a lake boat, he came to Ohio, his first stopping place being Cleveland. Pushing onward to Lorain county, he bought a tract of timbered land on the Vermilion river, in Brownhelm township, and on the farm which he redeemed from the wilderness spent his remaining years, dying in 1864. His widow survived him a score of years, passing away in 1884. The second child in a family consisting of five boys and four girls, Adolph Huene received his rudimentary education in the district schools, after which he attended a private school three months, and spent an equal length of time in Oberlin College. Choosing the occupation upon which the wealth and prosperity of our great nation so largely depends, he bought land in Brownhelm township soon after his marriage, and lived there for a year. Selling. then at an advantage, he moved to Delaware county, Iowa, and there bought a tract of raw prairie land from the government, finally securing title to Soo acres. He improved his property, and carried on general farming and .stock raising until 1874, when he returned to the parental homestead to care for his mother in her. old age. At her death, Mr. Huene bought the interest of his brothers and sisters in the home farm, which contained eighty-six acres, and lived there until the spring of 1896, when he. deeded the place to one of his sons. Removing then to Kipton, he bought his present which consists of ten acres of land, and has here lived retired. When a young man, in 1850, Mr. Huene went to California in search of a fortune, going from Cincinnati by river boats to St. Louis, thence up the Missouri to St. Joseph, where, with horses and mules purchased in that city, he and his companion started across the country, the trip across the dreary plains being long and wearisome. For a year he remained in California, but not meeting with encouraging success as a gold miner he came back to Ohio, returning to New York City by way of the Isthmus, from there traveling by rail to Buffalo, thence by steamer to Cleveland, the nearest home port. Mr. Huene married, March 23, 1853, Sarah Ann Briant, who was born December 20, 1836, in Birmingham township, Erie county, Ohio, of New England ancestry. Her father, Jonathan Briant, was born, in January, 1793, in Bennington, Vermont, and married, in February, 1815, in Connecticut, Arilla Ward, who was born .and brought up in Milford, Connecticut, her birth occurring February 3, 1796. Very soon after his marriage he migrated to Ohio, and for eight years was a resident of Florence township, Huron county. Moving from there to Erie county about 1821, he purchased a tract of wooded land in Birmingham township, and on the farm which he cleared and improved resided until his death, in 1862. His wife died on the home farm in 1839. They were the parents of eight children, four boys and four girls. Mr. and Mrs. Huene have four children, namely : Nellie, wife of S. V. Haigh, of Kip-ton, Ohio ; Otto, of Henrietta township ; Charles, of Noble county, Oklahoma ; and Leo, of the same place. A stanch suporter of the principles of the Republican party, Mr. Huene has served as trustee of Brownhelm township, and for twenty years was justice of the peace. ALBERT K. JENNE Owns one of the finest farming estates in Amherst township, and he is also a member of one of the township's earliest pioneer families. Ansel Jenne, his father, was born in the state of New York August 27, 1825, a son of Ansel and Elizabeth (Brown) Jenne, from the same commonwealth. They came to Orange, Ohio, near Cleveland, when their son Ansel was a young man, and a few years later moved to Amherst township and bought a farm here. The son Ansel continued to live with his parents until his marriage, on December 9, 1857, to Phebe Wing, who was born in Oswego, New York, September 1, 1837, a daughter of Benjamin and Polly (Wes- 1822 - HISTORY OF THE WESTERN RESERVE cott) Wing, also from New York. Following their marriage Mr. and Mrs. Jenne moved to a farm one mile south of Middle Ridge in Amherst township, and in the fall of 1905 moved from there to the village of Amherst, where Ansel Jenne died on February 7, 1907, and was laid to rest with others of the honored pioneers of the community. His widow yet survives him. Their four children, three sons and a daughter, are : Sarah E., the wife of Bird Richmond ; William H., whose home is in Amherst township ; George, of Elyria, Ohio, and Albert K. Albert Kuder Jenne, the youngest of the children of Ansel and Phebe Jenne, was born in Amherst township August 18, 1867, and he too remained at home with his parents until his marriage. Following this event he lived for one winter at Unionville, and then going to Detroit, Michigan, was engaged in the insurance business there for a year and a half. Returning then to Amherst township he resumed farming, and has since been engaged in general agricultural pursuits and gardening. His farm, which he purchased in 1901, is one of the most valuable estates of its size in Amherst township. Mr. Jenne married Mary Giltner, on September 10, 1889. She was born February 12, 1869, at Fredericksburg in Wayne county, Ohio, a daughter of Marshal J. and Mary A. (Miller) Giltner, and three children have blessed their marriage union,—Bert Ansel, Lucile Ruth and Merle Wilford. Mr. Jenne is a member of the Methodist Episcopal church, and has served his religious home as a steward and trustee and as a superintendent and teacher in its Sunday school. In politics he is allied with the Democracy, and he has served his township as a treasurer. He is vice president of the Amherst Supply Company and director of the United States Automatic Company, both at Amherst. CHARLES H. FREDERICK, M. D.—During his eighteen years of active and successful practice in the city of Lorain, Charles H. Frederick, M. D., has become known as one of the brightest, best, and most skillful of surgeons and physicians in this locality, and by his genial manners and kindly courtesy has endeared himself to all classes of people. He was born, July 27, 1868, in Amherst township, Lorain county, Ohio, his parents being. Peter and Cassie M. ( Jacobs) Frederick. After completing the course of study in the public schools of North Amherst, Dr. Frederick took a course in pharmacy, and was subsequently employed as a pharmacist for eight years, first at North Amherst, then in Cleveland, and lastly in Lorain. Taking up the study of medicine, he was graduated from the medical department of the Western Reserve University in March, 1891, and the following two years was house physician in Lakeside hospital, in Cleveland. Locating in Lorain in 1892 Dr. Frederick met with encouraging success from the first, and his professional labors have here been well rewarded, his practice being one of the most extensive in the city. In February, 1909, the doctor completed and opened one of the finest private hospitals in the state of Ohio. It is a handsome two-story brick building, pleasantly located at No. 202 Fifth street, and is fully equipped after the most modern sanitary methods, with every convenience imaginable for the care and comfort of its patients, which is limited to fifteen, its full capacity. Dr. Frederick married Emma May Stalnaker, of Lorain, and to them four children have been born, namely : Gladys Belle, Clarence Henry, Charles Lewis and Sanford. The doctor is a member of the board of education of Lorain, and belongs to the Woodland Lodge of the Knights of Pythias. ALBERT M. HOWK.—Energetic, enterprising and progressive, Albert M. Howk is an excellent representative of the successful business men of Wellington, Lorain county, and an extensive dealer in hay and live stock. Born near Wellington, on the old Howk farm. June 25, 1863, he comes of honored pioneer ancestry, his grandfather, David Howk, Sr., having been one of the early settlers of the Western Reserve. David Howk, Sr., was born about 1789, in Lee, Berkshire county, Massachusetts, the descendant of a New England family of note. He there married Polly Bradley. and there, among the Berkshire hills, his children, which included David Howk, Jr., father of Albert M., first drew the breath of life. He subsequently migrated with his family to Chenango county, New York, from there coming, in 1834, to Lorain county, Ohio. Taking up land lying about four miles from the present village of Wellington, he improved a good homestead, on which he and his faithful helpmeet spent the HISTORY OF THE WESTERN RESERVE - 1823 remainder of their lives, his death occurring at the age of sixty-eight years, and hers, in 1871, at the age of eighty-two years. The birth of David Howk, Jr. occurred in Lee, Massachusetts, in 1828. He removed with his parents when a child to New York state, and as a youth came with the family to Lorain county, and here assisted in the pioneer labor of clearing a homestead. He married Mary Harvett, who was born in Wayne county, Ohio, and came with her parents to Lorain county, when a girl. She died in 1877, at the age of forty-four years, leaving two children namely: Alma, wife of Walter Wil1iams, of Chicago Junction, Ohio ; and Albert M., with whom this sketch is chiefly concerned. The old district schoolhouse in which Albert M. Howk received his elementary education was situated on a corner of his father's farm. When ready to begin life for himself he chose the occupation of his ancestors, and after his marriage bought the old Robbins homestead of 400 acres, and for a number of years operated it successfully, at the same time having entire charge of the parental estate. He was a general farmer on an extensive scale, and paid special attention to dairying, having a milk route in Wellington. Retiring from agricultural pursuits in 1901, Mr. Howk located in the village of Wellington, and for eight years was here engaged in the livery business. He now owns a feed barn, and for the past eleven years has also dealt extensively in hay, horses and cows, carrying on a most substantial business. He is a man of keen foresight, and has made profitable investments, his visible property including .a business block in Wellington. In 1900, Mr. Howk was elected a trustee of Wellington .township, and is still holding that office, to whMr since been twice reelected. Mr. Howk married, in 1885, Lettie Shelden, who was born in Wellington, Ohio, June 5, 1867, a daughter of James Shelden. Her paternal grandfather, Benjamin Shelden, was born in Delaware county, New York, July 7, 1791, and died at Lagrange, Lorain county, Ohio, July 17, 1870. His wife, whose maiden name was Louisa Rice, was also born in Delaware county, on July 6, 1796, and died in Lagrange, Ohio, September 9, 1870, surviving him but a few weeks. James Shelden was born, March 11, 1831, in New York state, and as a young man came Lorain county. He received a common school education, and subsequently learned the trade of a carpenter and joiner. He became a prominent business man of Wellington. For a number of years he was employed in agricultural pursuits in Wellington township, making a specialty of dairying, and becoming one of the largest individual cheese makers of Lorain county. He died September 20, 1903, his death being a loss to the community. James Shelden married February 4, 1857, Adeline West, who was born in Ohio, October 19, 1836. Her parents, Amasa H. and Maria West, were both born in Orange county, New York, the father's birth occurring May 24, 1810, and the mother's May 27, 1809. They were married in their native county in 1834, and the following year settled in the Western Reserve. Mrs. James Shelden is still living, being now seventy-three years of age. To her and her husband three children were born, namely : Jessie, born January 5, 1862 ; Lettie, wife of Mr. Howk ; and Charles, born April 3, 1869. Mr. and Mrs. Howk have one child, Cassie, born March 25, 1886. She married Ralph Rowland, of Wellington, and they have two children, Charles Albert and Shelden. JULIUS PECK, a successful farmer of Brown-helm township, Lorain county, is a native of this township, where he was born August 3, 1845. He is a son of Chauncey and Abby L. (Lewis) Peck, natives respectively of Stockbridge and Great Barrington, Massachusets, the father's parents being Elisha and Millicent (Byington) Peck and the mother's father was William Lewis. Elisha Peck came to Ohio in August, 1817, and purchased over coo acres of land in Brownhelm township, Lorain county, where he began a log house. In the fall he returned to Massachusets for his family, and o the return trip they were able to proceed only as far as Ashtabula by December, when the weather became so severe that they were unable to complete their journey before spring. They then came on to the log house, which was still without a roof, and before this could be put on, a child, Enos H., was born in the pouring rain, so that blankets had to be held up to keep out the rain. Elisha Peck and wife were the parents of five sons and five daughters. Mr. Peck was a shoemaker, and worked some at his trade after coming to Ohio. He died in 186o, in Brownhelm township. Chauncey Peck, father of Julius, was born March 14, 1801, was a farmer and shoemaker and resided on the 'farm now occupied by Julius Peck. Chauncey Peck was married in 1824 - HISTORY OF THE WESTERN RESERVE Brownhelm township, and died August 29, 1848, leaving three children who lived to maturity, namely : Xenophon, Julius and Chauncey. Xenophon Peck, who died September 29, 1904, in Elyria, Ohio, was formerly sheriff of Lorain county and he served in the Eighth Ohio Volunteer Infantry, and three months later re-enlisted in Edgerton's Battery. His arm was shot off at Bacon creek, Kentucky. He re-enlisted in the Provost Marshal's office and had charge of the arsenal at Columbus, Ohio, at the close of the war. He married January 12, 1867, Albina Liscomb. Julius was the second son. Chauncey, the youngest child, married Sarah Deyo, on November 24, 1872, and is a stone contractor and lives at Toledo, Ohio. Julius Peck received his education in the district school and remained at home with his mother on a sixty-acre farm, of which fifteen acres were cleared. His mother, who was born March 14, 181i, was a tailoress, and lived with Julius until her death, February 10, 1885. From the time he was old enough he carried on the farm, and when his brothers left home he purchased their share of the place and added to it as he was able, until he now owns Ho acres. For three years he and his brothers conducted a stone quarry, and in March, 1881, he purchased Topliff Hotel, in Elyria, which he carried on a year and then sold out, returning to his farm, where he has since resided. He is an intelligent, industrious farmer and very successful. Mr. Peck has held several township offices, and at the present time is township trustee and a member of the board of education. He belongs to Brownhelm Grange. On January 21, 1869, Mr. Peck married Grace L. Ashford, born February 18, 1849, near Lake Champlain, in Vermont, daughter of William and Cynthia (Wheeler) Ashford, natives of Vermont. Mr. Peck and his wife have children as follows : Laura M. born December 22, 1869, died July I, 1876 ; M., C., born March 29, 1872, a school teacher in Amherst, Ohio, and a graduate of Lake Erie Ladies' Seminary, at Painesville, Ohio ; Albert H. born March 16, 1874, died June 21, 1876 H., G., born June 5, 1877, lives at home with her parents; and Charles J., born April 10, 1882, a mechanical engineer. Charles J. Peck graduated from the high school at Brownhelm, at the age of seventeen years ; he graduated from business college at Oberlin, spent two years at Oberlin Academy, two years at Oberlin College and three years in the engineering department of Purdue University at Lafayette, Indiana, graduating in 1906. He secured a position with the Ohio Brass Works, at Mansfield, Ohio, and later went to Dubuque, Iowa, where he entered the employ of Lochschier, Ryan & Company, large hardware manufacturers, remaining there until April, 1910, when he became connected with the Crane Company at Chicago. ADAM KISHMAN.- The late Adam Kishman, who passed away at his home in Brownhelm township, Lorain county, November 28, 1901, was a well known and most highly respected citizen. He was born in Hesse Castle, Germany, July 22, 1831, a son of Werner and Catherine (Leidheiser) Kishman. Adam Kishman came to Lorain county, Ohio, in 1850, and carried on fishing and farming. He purchased a one hundred acre farm on the lake shore in Brownhelm in 1861, and carried on this farm in connection with his fishing interests. He was a Democrat in politics and served as justice of the peace, and in various township offices. Mr. Kishman was a member of the German Reformed church, and was a most capable business man and useful citizen. He met with success financially, and was industrious and enterprising and a self made man. After the death of Mr. Kishman, his widow continued to live on the home farm, and still resides there with her son Louis. April 3, 1854, Adam Kishman married Martha Claus, who was born July 17, 1835, in Brownhelm township, a daughter of Adam and Catherine (Gronewalt) Claus, natives of Hesse Cassel, Germany. Adam Claus and his wife came to New York in a sailing vessel, thence via the Hudson river and the Erie canal to Buffalo, and by way of the lake to Cleveland, Ohio. They settled in Brownhelm township, Lorain county, in the woods, and built there a log cabin ; they cleared the land and made a fine, fertile farm. Mr. and Mrs. Kishman became parents of children as follows : Augusta, who died at the age of three years and ten months ; Anna, died at the age of five years ; Magdalena, Mrs. William Jacobs, of Lorain, has one daughter, Irma, who is Mrs. William G. Gollmar ; Henry B., of Brownhelm township, mentioned elsewhere ; Eliza, Mrs. Christopher Leimbach, of Brown-helm township, has three children, Martha L., Robert L. and Milton C. ; Charles, of Lorain, married Anna Leimbach and has Florence E., HISTORY OF THE WESTERN RESERVE - 1825 Karl L. and Gladys I. ; Edward, of Vermilion, married Nora Cooley, and has two children, Adaline M. and Myron E. ; Emma, Mrs. Henry Haber, of Vermilion ; Albert, of Brownhelm township, married Harriet Henkes and they, have Lloyd A., Helen L., Kenneth D. and Marion M.; Louis, living on the home farm, married Emma Krapp and has Walter L. and Lucille ; William, died at the age of eight years ; and Ida, died at the age of three years. HENRY A. PLATO, residing at St. Cloud, Florida, formerly a prominent citizen of Amherst, Lorain county, and a veteran of the Civil war, was born in Seeburg, Hanover, Germany, December 28, 1845, a son of John and Wilhelmina (Bodman) Plato, also natives of Germany. The grandparents, Casper Plato and Gregory Bodman were also of Germany. John Plato and his wife came to Ohio in 1857 and settled in Vermilion, a year later settling in Amherst township. He was a musician, and. died December. 5, 1890, at the age of seventy-six years ; his widow died June 21, 1907, aged eighty-two years. Their four children were : Henry A., John E., of Amherst, Matilda, wife of Joseph Wesbecher, and Harmon J., also of Amherst township. Henry A. Plato was reared on his father's farm, and attended the common school. December 24, 1863, he enlisted in Company E, One Hundred and Twenty-eighth Ohio Volunteer Infantry, and was assigned to Johnson's Island, near Sandusky, Ohio, to guard prisoners of war. He was discharged at Columbus, July 16, 1865, and then returned to Amherst. He worked at various things until 1869, when he and his brother John E. engaged in the grocery business in Amherst, which they continued until 1881. They then purchased an interest in a hardware store, and Henry went to work in this store, while his brother continued in charge of the grocery business. They were associated together in various enterprises until 1894, and then dissolved partnership, John E. Plato taking the hardware business and Henry the grocery business, and in addition the dry goods trade which they handled in connection. He made various changes in the store, and in 1898 the building burned, after which Mr. Plato and his son-in-law rebuilt, erecting a large brick building, where they established a general store, since which time the son-in-law has conducted the business and Mr. Plato has retired from active life, and now lives in Florida. He was a leading man of Amherst, and is a director of the Amherst Banking Company ; in politics he is a Democrat, and he served twelve years as a member of the board of education, and ten years as township clerk. Mr. Plato took an active interest in public affairs, and is widely known and respected. In religious views he is a devout Catholic. Mr. Plato married, in 1867, Elizabeth E. Hildebrand, born in Black River township, daughter of Bernhardt and Elizabeth (Appeman) Hildebrand, and they have been blessed with seven children, namely : Mary, who died at the age of three months ; Matilda, wife of William J. Bodman, her father's partner ; Albert A., manager of Crystal Rock Ice Company, of Lorain; Wilhelmina, wife of George A. Menz, of Amherst township; Cecilia, wife of H. A. Finegan, of Amherst ; Louisa, who keeps house for her father ; and Florence, wife of J. J. Mahoney, of Cleveland. Mrs. Plato died June 6, 1908. In 1909 Mr. Plato removed to St. Cloud, Florida. BERNHART CLAUS, one of the well known and successful citizens of Brownhelm, Lorain county, was born in that township, September 4, 1838, son of Adam and Catherine (Greunawald) Claus, natives of Hesse-Cassel, Germany. Adam Claus and his wife were married in Germany and in 1834 came to New York ; they proceeded up the Hudson river to Albany, and by canal to Buffalo, thence to Cleveland by the lake route. He purchased land in the timber in Brownhelm, which he proceeded to clear, and as he was able added to his possessions. He had acquired about sixty-four acres and in 1848 he sold his farm and purchased a partially cleared farm of one hundred acres, on the lake shore. He sold out to his son-in-law, Adam Kishman, and bought one hundred and seventy-five acres in the northeastern corner of the township on the lake shore, the farm now occupied by Bernhard Claus. Adam Claus died there in 1872, aged seventy years, and his wife died in 1874, all the age of sixty-five. They had five children, namely : Elizabeth, Mrs. Adam Henkes, now deceased ; Martha, Mrs. Adam Kishman, a widow ; Bernhart ; Helen, deceased, wife of Reinhart Braun, of Brownhelm township, and George, who died in infancy. Bernhart Claus received his education in the district school and continued to reside on the home farm after his marriage. He first purchased one hundred acres of the home place, 1826 - HISTORY OF THE WESTERN RESERVE and in 1868 he bought the remainder of the farm. In his younger days he did considerable fishing, but since about 188o he has devoted his whole time to farming. He has been very successful, and is considered a representative farmer of the county. He raises a good many cattle for market and has also kept sheep. He stands very high in the community, where he is well known. In political opinion Mr. Claus is a Democrat ; he served two terms as township trustee, one term as real estate assessor, and two terms as personal property assessor. Mr. Claus owns 240 acres of splendid farm land. Mr. Claus married, October 27, 1862, Amelia F. Baumhart, born in Vermilion, Ohio, daughter of Adam and Christina (Herwig) Baumhart, of Hesse-Cassel, who came to Black River township, Lorain county, in 1845. Adam Baumhart and his wife purchased land in Brownhelm, where they spent the remainder of their lives. Their parents were Elias and Martha Baumhart and Jacob and Catherine Herwig. The Baumharts settled in Vermilion township, Erie county, and the Herwigs in Black River township, Lorain county. Mr. Claus and his wife became parents of the following children : Adam, of Brownhelm, Ohio ; Anna, Mrs. William Lutz, of Brownhelm township ; Armina died at age of three weeks ; Henry, of Brownhelm township ; Catherine, at home ; Minnie, Mrs. Henry Sipple, of Amherst township; Helena, Mrs. Frank Northein, living with her parents ; and Christina, Mrs. William Abel, of Amherst township. Mr. and Mrs. Claus are members of the German Methodist church at Vermilion. PAUL WICK was born in Mahoning county, Ohio, October I, 1824, a son of Henry and Hannah (Baldwin) Wick. His father was a native of Southampton, Long Island, New York, where he was born March 19, 1771. After attaining maturity he moved to Washington county, Pennsylvania, where he was married December 11, 1794, to the mother of Paul Wick: There he engaged in mercantile pursuits for a few years, but came to Youngstown in 1802, his father-in-law, Caleb Baldwin, having preceded him several years, and it is presumed that it was upon the request of the latter that he made the removal. Thirteen children were born to Mr. and Mrs. Henry Wick, namely : Caleb B., Betsey ; Dr. Lemuel Wick of Cleveland ; Henry Wick, born in 18o9, who also resides in that city; Hugh Bryson ; Hannah ; Matilda ; John D. ; Mary A.; Thomas L. ; Paul ; and two others who died in infancy. Paul Wick was educated at an old academy situated where the "Diamond" was afterwards located. After finishing his school course he and his brother, John D. Wick, opened and operated a coal mine on a farm near Youngstown, which their father had given them. Later he engaged in mercantile business, and for a short time was associated with Henry and Hugh Bryson Wick in a wholesale and retail store in Cleveland, Ohio. Later he operated a similar store in Youngstown, and was one of several who in 1846 comprised the Youngstown Iron Company, they being then the prominent capitalists of the town. After the organization of this company a small mill was built on the "flats" along the old Ohio and Pennsylvania canal. The company operated the mill for a number of years when it was shut down, but in 1855 was sold to the late William Bonnell and others. Mr. Wick's name is associated with the very first of those who conceived the idea of an iron mill in Youngstown, but the possibility that this village, then consisting of Soo or 600 inhabitants, would ever become the great manufacturing center it now is, probably never entered their minds. There is no doubt they "builded better than they knew," and the wonderful result attained but demonstrates the character of the men concerned. In addition to his other interests at this time, Mr. Wick operated a dry goods establishment located a little west of Champion street, under the firm name of P. Wick and Brother, P. and Hugh Bryson Wick being the proprietors. Later Mr. Wick was a member of the firm of Wick and Globe, continuing in the mercantile business until 1866; when he and Hugh Bryson, his brother, organized the banking house of Wick Bros. & Company, located near the site of the Stambaugh-Thompson building as it was afterwards erected. Here they continued until 1883, when the bank was moved into the Wick Bros.' Building. Mr. Wick continued a member of this most substantial banking institution until his death. Paul Wick was throughout his life a most successful business man. In addition to his banking, he assisted in various other local enterprises ; he was interested in several iron firms, including The Youngstown Rolling Mill Company, and was one of the six men who organized this corporation. He was also a HISTORY OF THE WESTERN RESERVE - 1827 member of The Ohio Iron and Steel Company and played an important part in the management of its affairs. Mr. Wick was married in 1846 to Miss Susan A. Bull, who came from Vermont a few years prior to her marriage with her sister and brother-in-law, Mr. and Mrs. George Yates. The ceremony was performed at the old homestead on East Federal street, which is still standing and is now occupied as a hotel. The marriage of Mr. and Mrs. Wick was blessed with six children, namely : Myron C. ; Alice M., widow of Frank S. Powers, who died in August, 1892, aged forty-two years ; George D. ; Harriet, widow of John S. Ford ; Frederick H. and Mary. Mrs. Wick died in 1882, aged fifty-six years, having been throughout her lifetime a faithful member of the First Presbyterian church of. Youngstown. In speaking of her many virtues, a friend of Mrs. Wick says: "Few knew her best traits on account of her retiring disposition. Although unobtrusive she was positive in all her qualities that go to make up noble womanhood. Her conception of the Christian was of the highest type, and her greatest ambition to exemplify that conception in her daily life. Though not published throughout the world, she was ever ready to respond to calls for the church and for benevolent purposes. Although gone to the Silent Shore, her many virtues still live in the memory of a large circle of acquaintances." Mr. Wick was again married in 1885 to Mrs. Margaret L. Haney, of Youngstown, Ohio, with whom he lived until his death June 13, 1890, in the sixty-sixth year of his age. The following is copied from a paper called "Our Quarterly Statement," issued by the First Presbyterian church, of Youngstown, the article quoted being written by Mr. Wick's pastor, D. H. Evans, D.D. : "Mr. Paul Wick, on June 13, 1890, at his residence in this city, closed a life which has long been identified with our church and with our city. Born here sixty-five years ago and long and actively engaged in business, he was widely known and highly respected as a citizen. For twenty-eight years a member of this church, in various ways he has labored and largely given to its enterprises. His genial manners did much to sustain the social life of this organization, until recently it might safely be said that he knew every member of the flock of nearly eight hundred. Knowledge with him was acquaintance, and acquaintance meant to be on friendly terms with the poorest and obscurest. In his death we lose a link that bound us to the honored toilers of the past—a generous friend whose deliberate and careful, yet kind and liberal benevolence did much for the good work in this community, and a brother who was possessed of the meekest of wisdom." Mr. Wick was a Republican in politics, but never sought office, although he served in the city council for several years, and for nineteen years was a member of the board of education. In this capacity he is said to have served longer than any other man in the entire city. A manly character only could have inspired such confidence and faithful and efficient service alone could have secured its long continuance. At the close of his nineteen years of service he left the school board of his own accord in 1879, much to the regret of the citizens of Youngstown. His death was felt throughout the community to be a personal loss to all the inhabitants, as he had endeared himself to them by a life of uprightness and honesty. A lifelong member of the Presbyterian church, he served in the capacity of trustee for many years, and was a liberal contributor to the church, benevolent and all other enterprises. His charity was not confined to his own church, however, but he gave liberally to all religious organizations. No one ever appealed to him in vain, and those asking his aid received a much larger contribution than they had reason to hope for or expect. In disposition, he was lovable, kind and courteous and was never known to slight a friend. His practical knowledge of all the details of his business, as well as his thorough acquaintance with the leading topics of the day, made him a most interesting conversationalist, as well as a most competent adviser, and his opinion was sought by many, his views being received with the highest degree of respect. Pleasant in address, easy in manner, firm in his convictions, and of extraordinary force of character, he was uniformly admired for his honesty of purpose and his thorough business qualifications. JOSEPH LUCAS WHITON was born on the farm where he now lives on the 28th of March, 1848, and he is a son of one of the earliest pioneers and one of the most prominent early residents of Lorain county, Judge Joseph L. Whiton. The last named, born July 14, 1799, 1828 - HISTORY OF THE WESTERN RESERVE at Lee in Berkshire county, Massachusetts, was a son of Joseph and Amanda Whiton. He married in his native state, on the 8th of December, 1829, Levina Wright, who was born February 16, 1807, in Springfield, Massachusetts. In 1832, three years after their marriage, the young couple came to Amherst township in Lorain county, Ohio, making the journey by canal to Buffalo and thence on lake boats to Lorain, settling on the land which his father had received in compensation for his services as a Revolutionary soldier. The tract contained one hundred and forty-seven acres, but it was in its original state, undeveloped and unimproved, when Mr. Whiton, the son, took up his abode thereon, and it fell to his lot to clear and place the property under cultivation. He had come to this land many years previously, as early as 1819, and had stayed here a year in order to secure it as a home for himself and his intended bride. The farm continued as his home during the remainder of his life, and he passed to his final reward on the 26th of April, 1869, his wife surviving him but a few years and dying on . the 8th of April, 1874. Their family numbered three children, two daughters and a son, and of the former Agnes became the wife of Henry O. Allen, of the state of New York, and died in Amherst township, August 1, 1863, and Catherine is the widow of M. W. Axtell and is living in the city of Amherst. Joseph L. Whiton Sr. was an active Democratic worker, and occupied a high place in the public life of his community. He served twelve years as a justice of the peace, seven years as an associate judge of the common pleas court and represented his district in the state legislature during the winter of 1849-50. He was very active in the councils of his chosen party. Farming has been the life occupation of Joseph L. Whiton, and at one time he was also considered the largest raiser of registered Short-Horn cattle in Amherst township. After his father's death he became the owner of the homestead farm by purchasing the interests of its other heirs, his mother continuing to live with him until her death, and he has since made many improvements on the old place. He married on June 24, 1874, Annetta Josephine Gawn, born May 22, 1853, in Sheffield township to the marriage union of Daniel and Susanna C. (Spooner) Gawn, the father from the Isle of Man, and the mother from Bangor, Maine. The children of Joseph L. Whiton and wife are : Joseph Edward, of Amherst township ; Curtis W. at home ; Edith L., a teacher ; Agnes L., wife of H. E. Simmons of Akron, Ohio ; and Arthur L., at home with his parents. Mr. Whiton is a member of Hickory Tree Grange at Amherst, and representing the Democratic party he has held many of the offices of his township. JOHN G. SCHAIBLE.—Conspicuous among the foremost agriculturists and stock raisers of Lorain county are John G. Schaible and his brother, Charles H. Schaible, owners of the large stock farm near Elyria, where they are carrying on an extensive business under the firm name of Schaible Brothers. Both of these gentlemen, sons of the late Jacob Schaible, were born in Elyria township, Lorain county. Ohio. Jacob Schaible was born, March 27, 1807, in Boulanden, Wurtemberg, Germany, and when but five years old was left an orphan, and thereafter he and his brother Michael were brought up by their maternal grandmother. In January, 1834, he married Catherine B. Ramsayer, a granddaughter of the eminent physician and surgeon, Dr. C. H. Von Ottein. In 1846, after a long and severe illness, Jacob Schaible was advised by his physician that a sea voyage was necessary to completely restore his health. Accordingly, in May, 1848, he, with his wife and five children, embarked on a sailing vessel, and after a dreary passage of seven weeks landed in New York city. Proceeding by boat to Albany, he came from there to Buffalo by the Erie canal, thence by Lake Erie to Cleveland. On August 1st of that year, he arrived with his family in Elyria, his point of destination, just three months after leaving his native land. His health having received the anticipated benefit by traveling, he soon purchased land one and one-half miles west of Elyria, erected a small house, and began the improvement of a homestead. Working with a hearty good will, he redeemed a good farm from the timber and underbrush. Prosperity smiled on his efforts, and from time to time he bought additional land, obtaining title to between 30o and 40o acres of as highly improved and rich land as could be found in this section of the county. He was a man of high integrity, much esteemed and respected as a farmer and a citizen, and his death, which occurred February 7, 1874, a few months after that of his wife, was a loss to the com- HISTORY OF THE WESTERN RESERVE - 1829 munity. To him and his wife nine children were born, namely : Mrs. Agnes Theiss, of Cleveland ; Mrs. Margaretha M. Limb, of Wooster ; Frederick died February 12, 1875 ; Mrs. C. Henrietta Kreiger, of Wooster ; Jacob E., of Elyria township ; Carrie died April 29, 1910 ; Charles H. ; John G.; and Sophia C. John G. Schaible and Charles H. Schaible were reared on the home farm and educated in the district and the Elyria schools. After the death of their father they took over the homestead, where they have always resided, and have continued their business operations together as the farm of Schaible Brothers. In addition to their home farm of sixty-five acres, they have an estate of 130 acres on West Ridge, Elyria township. In 1899 they purchased the Tyler farm of sixty-four acres, which is now included within the city limits, and have platted it, forming the Schaible Allotment, containing 350 city lots. For more than twenty years Messrs Schaible have made a specialty of breeding trotting horses, being among the most prominent prominent in Northern Ohio. Among the prominent horses they have bred and owned is Schaible Girl, one of the greatest brood-mares in the world. She is the dam of Mambrino Queen 2:13 3/4, how in the imperial studs of Russia, and Fleetwood 2:13 ½ , conceded to be one of the handsomest stallions living, at present at the head of the imperial government stud of Holland. She is also the dam of seven others that have taken public records. She has had in all fourteen foals and all those trained have been able to trot in 2 :30. She is a. very remarkable mare and a very great producer of speed. Messrs Schaible have owned many other valuable horses, taking a great deal of pride in breeding the highest and best type of the light harness horse. At the head of their stud at the present time is the stallion Guywood, sired by Guy Wilkes 2:15 1/4 (one of the best sons of the famous George Wilkes), out of the great mare Schaible Girl. Guywood also gives promise of becoming a very successful sire of fast trotters. In 1904 John Schaible invented the Lou Dillon Tandem Garden Cultivator, the greatest labor saving garden tool ever invented. Each tool can be raised and lowered to suit the conditions of the soil. The two wheels carry the cultivator, instead of the operator. In 1905 Schaible Brothers were instrumental in orCompanyg the Schaible Manufacturing Comply, of which John Schaible is president. This company has since carried on a flourishing business in the manufacture and JOHN MARTIN OTTERBACHER.—Conspicuous among the long established and prosperous merchants of Wellington, Lorain county, is John M. Otterbacher, who has been prominently identified with the financial, business and social interests of this section of the state for many years, and is in every way well worthy of the high respect in which he is so universally held. A native born citizen of the Western Reserve, he was born, June 3, 1855, in Liverpool township, Medina county, a son of John Otterbacher. John Otterbacher was born in 1815, in Germany, where he received his early education, and likewise served an apprenticeship at the shoemaker's trade. After his marriage to Regina Bard he determined to try his fortunes in the New World, and about 1840 came with his family to the United States, locating first in Liverpool township, Medina county, where he had a brother living. With the pitifully small sum of fifty cents in his pockets, he began life in his new home, working for a while at his trade. He subsequently took up a tract of wild land, and with the other pioneer settlers of the place endured all of the hardships and privations of border life. In October, 1863, he passed to the life beyond, leaving his widow with five children, the oldest of whom was but twelve years of age, while the youngest was a child of two years. Although the homestead was still unpaid for, Mrs. John Otterbacher courageously assumed the management of the farm, keeping her little family with her, and in the course of time had cleared the place from debt and had her land well improved and highly productive. She continued her residence on the homestead for many years, but spent her last days with a daughter in York, Medina county, dying in 1905, at the advanced age of eighty-six years. She bore her husband twelve children, five of whom survive, as follows : Hannah, wife of Louis Marlock, of York, Medina county ; Charles, who married Emma Fahrion, daughter of Captain Fahrion, of York, Ohio; lives on the old home farm ; John Martin, the special subject of this sketch ; Kate, wife of John Morlock, of Medina county ; and Christian, engaged in the harness business at Greenwich, Ohio, married Martha Gulde, daughter of John Gulde, of Wellington, Ohio. 1830 - HISTORY OF THE WESTERN RESERVE Leaving the home farm at the age of seventeen years, John M. Otterbacher went to Medina, where he served an apprenticeship of three years at the trade of harness maker, receiving in addition to his board thirty dollars the first year, forty dollars the second year, and eighty dollars the third year. Locating in Wellington in 1876, he worked as a journeyman at his trade for a year, and then bought out the business of Watts & Brenner, harness makers and dealers. The shop which he purchased was a small building in the rear of a shoe store, standing two doors east of his present store, the room being twelve feet by twenty-four feet in dimensions. Two years later, Mr. Otterbacher enlarged the establishment, and occupied it six years longer. His trade at that time demanding more commodious quarters, he purchased his present place of business, and in 1882 erected a substantial business block, which was destroyed by fire in 1895. With characteristic enterprise and forethought, he immediately began the erection of his present good business block, and in sixty days was carrying on work at his old stand. In addition to his work as a harness manufacturer and dealer, Mr. Otterbacher deals extensively in vehicles of all kinds, including wagons, carriages, buggies and automobiles, and in farm implements of every description, having a large, profitable trade throughout this section of the state, being one of the largest dealers in Lorain county. He was one of the organizers of the company which built the Reserve Building in Wellington, and is still one of the owners of the building. He was one of the charter members of the Home Savings Bank Company, of which he is vice-president, and since its organization has been a member of its finance committee. Mr. Otterbacher married Rosa Fahrion, who was born in Cleveland, Ohio, and of the four children born of their union three died in childhood, and one is living, namely : Harry C., who is in partnership with his father. Fraternally Mr. Otterbacher was made a Mason in 1887 ; joined the Knights Templar, at Norwalk, Ohio, in 1893 ; became a member of the Consistory in 1894 ; and a Noble of the Mystic Shrine in 1895. In 1878 he joined the Independent Order of Odd Fellows, and is now a member of the Encampment, and of the Canton ; he also belongs to the Royal Arcanum. Politically he takes great interest in local, state and national affairs, and has served as a delegate to many state and congressional conventions. At the present time he is a member of the City Council of Wellington, and an ex-president of that body. He is also ex-president of the Board of Trade, and is at present a director of the Obispo Rubber Plantation Company of Mexico, with headquarters in New York. HARRY BLAND COOK, cashier of the Kipton Banking Company, of Kipton, Ohio, was born in Roanoke, West Virginia, October 2, 1875, son of George and Eliza (Bird) Cook, natives of Highland county, Virginia, the latter a daughter of John Bird, of Virginia. George Cook was a farmer in Lewis county, West Virginia, after his marriage, and died there August 23, 1900, at the age of seventy-four years ; his widow died in October, 1902, at the age of seventy-four. They had four sons and eight daughters. Harry B. Cook resided with his parents until he was twenty-five years of age, and received his education in the public schools. At the death of his father he removed to Dennison, Tuscarawas county, Ohio, where he became a clerk in the employ of the Pennsylvania Railway Company ; a year later he entered the employ of the Baltimore & Ohio Railroad Company as stenographer, and was promoted from the position of chief clerk to trainmaster. A year and a half later he became assistant cashier of Twin City National Bank, of Dennison, and six months later he became cashier, which position he held for six months. January 5, 1905, Mr. Cook became cashier of the Kipton Banking Company, of Kipton, which position he still fills. He is a keen business man, and is well known and respected. He is a Democrat, and is now serving as president of the board of education. Mr. Cook is a member of Mystic Tie Lodge, No. 294, Ancient Free and Accepted Masons, of Uhrichsville, also Cyrus Chapter and Gebal Council, also of Uhrichsville. Mr. Cook married, October 11, 1905, Alice Marie Breuchaud, born in Los Angeles, California, daughter of Albert and Carola (Roberts) Breuchaud, natives of Switzerland. Mr. Cook and his wife have one son, Robert Jackson, born March 29, 1907. JOSHUA S. ELY, one of the most prosperous and successful of the agriculturists of this community, was born in Rootstown township, HISTORY OF THE WESTERN RESERVE - 1831 Portage county, February I, 1852, a son of Alexander John and Jane A. (Hyland) Ely, from county Leitrim, Ireland. He is a grandson of Thomas Ely and William Hyland, from the Isle of Ely in England, where the paternal family owns a very large estate. Alexander J. and Jane A. Ely were married in their native land, and coming soon afterward to the United State's they stopped for a time in Buffalo, New York, where he worked at his trade of shoemaking. From Buffalo they came to Cleveland, Ohio, at a time when the city contained but thirteen houses, and thence soon afterward to Ravenna, where Mr. Ely conducted a shoe shop for some years. Coming then to Rootstown township he bought fifty acres of land, and from time to time added to his original purchase until at the time of his death he owned an estate of two hundred and fourteen acres, while in addition he also bought one hundred and five acres in Ashtabula county for his eldest son, John. He died June 18, 1883, and his widow survived until the 14th of April, 1902. The seven children in their family were : Elizabeth, John, Caleb, Mary Ann, William, Alexander and Joshua. Joshua S. Ely remained with his parents until their death, in the meantime attending the district schools with one term in a select school.. Buying twelve acres from his father and fifty-eight acres additional, adjoining, and inheriting twenty-seven acres of the estate at the time of his father's death, Mr. Ely and his brothers Alexander and Caleb then secured by purchase the remainder of the old farm, and he now owns one hundred and sixty-two acres, all in one tract, and eighty acres are under cultivation, the remainder being timber and pasture land with the exception of seven and a half acres which is a part of Crystal Lake, which furnishes the water supply for the city of Ravenna. Mr. Ely married on December 31, 1882, Ida M. Chapman, born in Rootstown township March 25, 1861, a daughter of Plimpton O. and Sarah (Huffman) Chapman, of the same township. She is a granddaughter of Stephen and Barbara (Vaughn) Chapman, from Connecticut, and of Adam and Margaret (Reed) Huffman. Mr. and Mrs. Ely have two children, Lloyd G. and Lena May. The son, born November 19, 1884, married Myrtle Deming, from Rootstown township, and they reside with his parents. The daughter, born December 16, 1885, is the wife of Calvin P. Likens, M Ravenna, and they have two children, Pearl Vol. III-36 Ida and Dorothy May. Mr. Ely is a Republican politically, and he has served as presiding judge of elections, as a committeeman from district No. 9, and many years as a member of the township's board of education. He is a member of the Methodist Episcopal church. WILLIAM P. MURRAY.—A scion of one of the honored pioneer families of the Western Reserve, William P. Murray has well maintained the prestige of the name, through his leal and loyal service and productive activities as a citizen and as a man of large capitalistic and business interests. He is one of the representative factors in the commercial and industrial affairs of the city of Cleveland, and his initiative and constructive ability have been potent in the advancing of the varied and important enterprises with which he has identified himself. William Parmelee Murray was born at Mentor, Lake county, Ohio, on the 12th of July, 1854, and is a son of Robert and Sophronia (Parmelee) Murray, both of whom were born and reared in the historic old Western Reserve, within the borders of which the respective families were founded in the early pioneer days. In both the paternal and maternal lines Mr. Murray traces his lineage back to stanch Scotch-Irish stock, the Murray family being established in the eastern part of Pennsylvania prior to the war of the Revolution, and the Parmelee family in Connecticut. From the eastern section of the old Keystone state came John Murray, who was the founder of the family in Ohio and the grandfather of him whose name initiates this review. John Murray made the trip from Pennsylvania to Ohio with an ox team and established his home in the wilds of Lake county. He settled near the present village of Concord and he did well his part in promoting the development and progress of that section of the state, where he became a citizen of prominence and influence. Concerning him the following pertinent statements have been made : "At the time of his settlement in Lake county money was very scarce in the new country, and the farmers wishing to obtain money for exchange, instead of pelts, hides, etc., which were commonly used as current funds, sent a drove of cattle to the markets of Philadelphia and vicinity. John Murray was -quick to note the possibilities of that line of business, and for a number of years he continued to buy cattle and drive them through to Chester and Lancaster coun- 1832 - HISTORY OF THE WESTERN RESERVE ties, Pennsylvania, where he made profitable disposition of the stock. He thus established a successful business, and eventually he found it possible to engage in the banking business. He organized the First National Bank of Painesville, whose lineal successor is the present Painesville National Bank. He had almost unlimited credit with the banks of Cleveland and with all with whom he transacted business. Both he and his wife continued to reside in Lake county until the close of their lives, and their names merit enduring place on the roll of the sterling pioneers of the Western Reserve." Robert Murray, father of the subject of this sketch, became associated with his brothers in driving cattle to the eastern markets, in which line of enterprise they succeeded to the business established by their father and in which they continued very successfully until the providing of railroad facilities rendered it un-profitable. Robert Murray became one of the prominent and substantial business men of Lake county, and his sterling integrity and other excellent traits of character gave him an inviolable place in popular confidence and esteem. Concerning his career as a cattle dealer under the old conditions of overland transportation and also concerning his other business activities the following statements are apropos and merit reproduction in this article : "In the early days he was one of the heaviest dealers in cattle in the 'Western Reserve, and he carried large amounts of money in his saddlebags while traveling from place to place. Like his father, he had almost unlimited credit. During the period of the Civil war he did an immense business in driving cattle over the Alleghany mountains to be used as beef in the eastern markets. For some time he was connected with the Bank of Painesville, and with this original institution and its successors various members of the family have been associated from the time of its organization. From 1845 until his death, at the venerable age of eighty-two years, he resided at Mentor, and his old homestead property there is still in the possession of his son William P." Mrs. Sophronia (Parmelee) Murray was fifty-two years of age at the time of her death, and of the children two sons are now living, Robert Murray was originally a Whig and later a Republican in his political allegiance, and both he and his wife are zealous members of the Methodist church. William P. Murray is indebted to the public schools of his native village of Mentor for his early educational discipline, and he was graduated in the high school when but fourteen years of age. At the age of fifteen years he left the parental home and made his way to Cleveland on horseback. In this city he secured the position of office boy and messenger for the banking firm of E. B. Hale & Company. He was eventually promoted to a clerical position in this banking institution, with which he continued about three years, at the expiration of which, in 1873, he assumed a position of responsibility in the Merchants' National Bank of Cleveland, with which he continued to be connected until April 1, 1881, when he resigned his position to identify himself with the iron-ore and coal trade of this section. Associated with the Cleveland Furnace Company, engaged in the manufacture of pig iron at Steubenville, Ohio, he went with this Company, where he remained in an executive capacity for two years. In 1883 he became traveling representative of the Tod-Stambaugh Company, for which he first engaged in selling pig iron, later selling coal. With this concern he remained until 1888, when he established the coal department of the business of the firm of Pickands, Mather & Company, with which important Cleveland concern he has since been actively identified as an interested principal. Under his able direction the coal business of the concern has been amplified to immense proportions, and extensive shipments are made each year throughout the west and northwest. Mr. Murray is also a large stockholder and a director of the Huron Barge Company, the Inter-Lake Company and the Ashtabula Steamship Company, all of which are prominent in connection with lake-marine transportation. Mr. Murray is recognized as a man of fine initiative and administrative powers, and through his well directed efforts he has achieved large success as one of the veritable "captains of industry" in his native state. Essentially and primarily a business man, Mr. Murray has never cared to enter the turbulence of "practical politics" and has persistently refused to become a candidate for public office, though he accords stanch support to the principles and policies for which the Republican party stands sponsor. He is affiliated with Tyrian Lodge, Free & Accepted Masons ; the Royal Arch Masons ; Holy-rood Commandery, Knights Templar ; and Al Koran Temple, Ancient Arabic Order of the Nobles of the Mystic Shrine. In HISTORY OF THE WESTERN RESERVE - 1833 local civic organizations of representative character he is found identified with the Union, Euclid, Roadside, and Tavern Clubs, the Hermits and the Cleveland Athletic Club, of which last mentioned he has been president since 1908, besides which he is a member of the Duquesne Club, of Pittsburg., and the Ellicott Square and Buffalo Clubs of the city of Buffalo, New York. Mrs. Murray is a member of the Episcopal church, and her husband contributes to it although not a member. On the 3rd of October, 1877, was solemnized the marriage of Mr. Murray to Miss Jeannie C. Castle, daughter of Reuben S. Castle, a venerable and highly honored citizen of Medina, New York, where he still maintains his home. Mr. and Mrs. Murray have two children—Helen and Margaret. GEORGE B. BAILEY.—Active and enterprising, George B. Bailey, of Russia township, is carrying on mixed farming with unquestioned ability and success on the farm where his birth occurred, January 14, 1868, and where a large part of his life has been spent. He is a son of the late George B. Bailey, Sr., and .comes of honored New England ancestry, his father, and his grandfather, Captain Omar Bailey, having been born and bred in Massachusetts. Born, September 4, 1806, Captain Omar Bailey grew to manhood in the old Bay state, living there about five years after his marriage. Migrating to Lorain county, Ohio, in 1833, he lived a little while in Henrietta township from there coming to Russia township. Locating about two miles north of Oberlin, he bought sixty-five acres of land, and was there engaged in tilling the soil until his death, April .26, 1886. In addition to farming, he manufactured lumber, establishing the first saw mill in Russia township. He was influential in local affairs, serving for sometime as captain of a company of militia, and belonging to the first township board of education. He furnished the lumber used in the first school building erected in the district in which he lived, and likewise furnished the lumber used in the construction of the first church erected in the township. He was a prominent member of the Republican party, and belonged to the First Congregational church, being one of its influential members. He married May 4, 1828, in Andover, Massachusetts, Clarissa Peabody, who was born in Massachusetts, September .8, 1803, and died September 12, 1879, in Rus sia township, Ohio. Four children were born of their union, as follows : a child that died in infancy ; .George B. Sr., father of the subject of this sketch ; Omar and Otis, twins. Otis died in childhood. Omar became a prominent lawyer in Lorain county, and died August 19, 1889, aged fifty-seven years. George B. Bailey was born in Lowell, Massachusetts, December 22, 1830, and received his education in the district schools of Russia township, where his parents settled when he was a small child. He resided on the home farm until twenty-five years of age, after which he was employed for two years in the saw mill belonging to one of his maternal uncles. In 1857 he moved on to a farm which he had previously purchased, and began his active career as an agriculturist, having sixty acres of land at first. Prosperity smiled upon him, and he made other judicious investments in real estate, becoming owner of 24o acres of valuable land, all lying within two and one-half miles of Oberlin. Always active in politics, he was a stanch member of the Republican party, and in addition to serving on the local school board for twenty-three years was for a number of terms township trustee. On April 5, 1855, George B. Bailey, Sr., married Charlotte M. Viets, who was born in Pawlet, Vermont, November 14, 1832, and came to Ohio to attend Oberlin College. After completing her education, she taught school for a time in Russia township, resigning her position when ready to marry. After her marriage to Mr. Bailey, her parents, Seth and Arabella (Taylor) Viets, left their Vermont home, and came to Russia township to live. Buying a farm near that of Captain Omar Bailey, they there spent their remaining years, Mr. Viets dying October 5, 1860, and Mrs. Viets January 16, 1879. Beaman Viets, their other child, is now a resident of Oberlin. George B. Bailey, Sr., died March 26, 1906, and his wife survived him until January 17, 1907. They were members of the First Congregational church. Four children blessed their union, as follows : Ella M., widow of F. B. Wakefield, resides in Seattle, Washington ; Seth O., of South Amherst, Ohio ; George B. the subject of this sketch ; and Maud G., wife of S. A. Kemp, of Fremont, Ohio. After leaving the district schools George B. Bailey attended Oberlin Academy and the Oberlin Business College, obtaining an excellent education. At the age of twenty years he went to Minnesota, where for a year he 1834 - HISTORY OF THE WESTERN RESERVE worked in a general store. Returning to Russia township, he remained with his parents until becoming a benedict, when he took up his residence in Elyria, where he was variously occupied for a time. Going then to Lorain, he was in the railroad employ for a year, after which he returned to Elyria, and was there engaged in teaming and contracting until 1904. Mr. Bailey then came back to the parental homestead, and at the death of his father became owner of the homestead property, and of 140 acres of land. This estate he is carrying on most successfully, each year adding to its improvements and to its value. He is a Republican in his political affiliations, and a member of the local Grange. Mr. Bailey married, December 22, 1891, Elizabeth Merthe, who was born in North Amherst, Lorain county, January 14, 1865, being the fifth child in succession of birth of the family of eleven children born to Henry and Eliza (Heusner) Merthe. The father, a native of Germany, came to America at the age of eighteen years, and located in Lorain county, Ohio, where, April 18, 1855, he married Eliza Heusner, who came from the Fatherland with her parents to Ohio when a child of six years. Mr. and Mrs. Bailey are the parents of three children, namely : Lowell 0., born December 22, 1893 and died in infancy, August Io, 1894; Dortha B., born April 16, 1896, and Ruth M., born June 19, 1908. CLIFFORD W. FULLER.-A representative member of the legal profession in the city of Cleveland, a scion of one of the old and honored families of the Western Reserve, and a veteran of the Spanish-American war, Captain Clifford W. Fuller is eminently entitled to consideration in this publication pertaining to the Western Reserve and its people. Captain Fuller was born in Garrettsville, Portage county, Ohio, on the 6th of February, 1864, and is the son of Sherman W. and Flora (Case) Fuller, both natives of the state of Connecticut and both of whom died in Garrettsville, Ohio, after having attained the age of nearly three score years. The Fuller family is of English lineage and was founded in New England when that section of our national domain was still a colony of the British empire. Sherman W. Fuller was reared and educated in his native commonwealth and there maintained his home until he immigrated to the Western Reserve in Ohio and took up his residence in the village of Garrettsville, Ohio, where he was engaged in the lumber business for many years and where he became a prominent and influential citizen. He was active in civic affairs in his community and was called upon to serve in various local offices of trust. He identified himself with the Republican party at the time of its organization and ever afterward continued a stanch supporter of its principles and policies. He and his wife continued to reside in Garrettsville until their death. They became the parents of seven children, of whom five are now living, namely : Elmer E., May M., who is the wife of Albert M. Ryder, and Blanche, who is the widow of Everett B. Case, all residing in Garrettsville ; George H., who is practicing medicine in Tuscola, Illinois, and Clifford W., whose name initiates this article. Clifford W. Fuller passed his boyhood days in his native village, to whose public schools he is. indebted for his preliminary educational discipline. He then entered Allegheny College at Meadville, Pennsylvania, in which institution he completed an academic course and was graduated as a member of the class of '86, with the degree of Bachelor of Arts. Later he did effective post-graduate work and won the degrees of Master of Arts and Doctor of Philosophy, pro merito, which were conferred upon him by his alma mater. For a period of four years, Mr. Fuller was a successful and popular teacher in the public schools, and within this time he was principal of the high school at Garrettsville and superintendent of schools at Chardon, Ohio. While following the pedagogic profession, he began reading law under able preceptorship and with well directed ambition. Such was his progress in the assimilation of the principles of the science of jurisprudence that he gained admission to the bar of the state of Ohio in 189o. In the following year he took up his residence in the city of Cleveland, where he formed a professional association with Henry C. Ranney, and they have ever since maintained this effective alliance. They control a large and representative clientage, their particular lines being insurance, corporation and estate work. Mr. Fuller has well demonstrated his powers as an able trial lawyer and as a safe and conservative counselor. He has appeared in connection with much important litigation in the state and federal courts and holds a high reputation in the circles of the profession. He tendered his services to his country at the inception of the Spanish-American war, in HISTORY OF THE WESTERN RESERVE - 1835 which he served as captain of Company I, Tenth Ohio Volunteer Infantry, which saw active service in the campaign in Cuba, and from which he received his honorable discharge after the close of hostilities. He is commander of the Ohio State Commandery of the Military Order of Foreign Wars, and a member of the Naval and Military Order of the United States. In politics, while never a seeker of official preferment, Mr. Fuller is arrayed as a stanch supporter of the cause of the Republican party. He is a member of the Cleveland Chamber of Commerce and chairman of its committee on legislation. He is affiliated with the Masonic fraternity, is a member of the board of directors of the Cleveland Athletic Club, and also holds membership in the University Club, the Row fant Club, the Hermit Club, and the Phi Gamma Delta Club of New York. He is secretary of the following institutions : The John Huntington Art & Polytechnic Trust, The John Huntington Benevolent Trust, and The Cleveland Museum of Art (building committee). He is a member of the directorate of The Royal Tourist Car Company, of which incorporation he is also secretary. He enjoys marked popularity in both the business and social, circles of the "Forest City" and is a loyal and progressive citizen. The character of the various organizations with which he is associated indicates the broad nature of his interests other than his profession. LOYAL HART TILLOTSON, M. D. was born at Thompson, Geauga county, Ohio, February 4, 186o, and is the son of Dr. Elbert D. and Jane (Hart) Tillotson, and grandson of Dr. Loyal Tillotson. His great-grandfather was Adonijah Tillotson who married Mary Allen. Her father was Jonathan Allen who was of Revolutionary fame, and contrary to the prevailing Tillotson family religion, which was Presbyterian, he was a Methodist. Adonijah's father was John Tillotson who was born in 1725, and died near Unionville, Connecticut, April 15, 1775. Several generations back brings us to John Tillotson, Archbishop of Canterbury. He was born October, 1630, at Sowerby, in the parish of 'Halifax in Yorkshire, England, died November, 1694, and was the oldest son of Robert Tillotson by Mary, daughter of Thomas Dobson of the same place. His father was a zealous Puritan, a substantial clothier there and wits a man of acknowledged piety and remarkable for his profound knowledge of the Scriptures and the system of Calvin which he professed. Archbishop Tillotson married Elizabeth French, daughter of the canon of Christ Church, Oxford, and a niece of Oliver Cromwell. His biographers, notably Macaulay's history, Birch, Burnett and his contemporaries represent him to be the greatest preacher of his times, and of high intellectual attainments. He received his early education among the Puritans, and though he had freer notions, he still adhered to the strictness of life to which he was bred, and retained a just value and a due tenderness for men of that persuasion, and conformed to the Church of England. Several editions of his sermons have been translated into French and German. His style is remarkable chiefly for its simplicity and clearness, and in this respect it mirrored his candor and sincerity. His sermons, says Burnett, were so well heard and liked, and so much read, that all the nation proposed him as a pattern and studied to copy after him. The result was seen in the general tone of his preaching, which was practicable rather than theological. Addison considered his writings as models of language. So highly was the great preacher esteemed, for his noble character and his lovable qualities, that at his death King William himself was moved to exclaim, "I have lost the best friend that I ever had and the best man that I ever knew." The expense, the payment of his predecessor's debts, which he took upon himself, and the liberal discharge of the duties of charity and hospitality which belonged to his station had so exhausted his income, that at his death, it was found that all which remained for the support of his family consisted of a great number of manuscript sermons the copyright of which was sold for 2,500 guineas. Such a price had never before been given in England for any copyright and for many years their popularity remained unrivaled. On his death, King William granted his widow a pension of 400 pounds a year for her life to which 200 pounds were added three years afterwards, and which she continued to enjoy till her death on the loth of January, 1702. Adonijah Tillotson was one of three brothers, Col. Matthew, John and himself, who lived on adjoining farms in the town of Genoa, near Northville, Cayuga county, New York. Adonijah lived to be ninety-two years of age and had fifteen children, ten 1836 - HISTORY OF THE WESTERN RESERVE sons and five daughters, fourteen of whom reached adult life. About the year 1816 he came to Thompson, Geauga county, Ohio, and purchased 1,173 acres of land at one dollar per acre. This land was divided among five sons, who came later, namely : Loyal, Marcus, Darius, Augustus and Ashbel. Loyal, the oldest of this large family came to Ohio in 1819 and cleared three acres of land. After sowing this he returned and was married to Eliza Sanford of Scipio, New York, January, 1820. With his bride and brother Marcus, he started for their future home, driving a yoke of oxen hitched to a sled. When they reached Erie, Pennsylvania, the snow left them and they had to come the rest of the way in a wagon. They lived in a log house and had to live very economically. Marcus found a bee tree and gathered a quantity of honey and with wild game and johnnycake they managed to live luxuriously for a time. Loyal taught school winters and was one of the school examiners for several years. About the year 1828 he began the study of medicine taking up the practice a few years later. He was of the Thompsonian School and later became an Eclectic. He was one of the earliest antislavery men in this part of the state. He died February 8, 1873, at the age of seventy-five. The following is quoted from the sketch of his life, written by the correspondent of the Geauga Republican. "Dr. Loyal Tillotson resided here for some fifty years, he mingled much with the families of the community, and of course his life was thoroughly • interwoven with all, and so his loss is deeply felt. To speak of him in language that shall speak his worth is what I cannot do. Identified with the Presbyterian church soon after its formation in this place, though Congregational in his views of church policy, yet for several years he was one of the deacons, and when, in 1836, some twenty or more declared for New England Congregationalism, he was active in the formation of the new church, and was an officer and leading member, doing much to build up and supply, contributing largely to all the required funds. His practice of medicine was widely extended and much sought and he continued it till a few months since, when obliged to yield, he sunk down worn with midnight rides and contention with storms." A closing paragraph from his funeral sermon, preached by Rev. C. E. Page, on the 11th of February, taken from the "Pioneers' His tory of Geauga County, 1880," is as follows : "Our dear personal friend and brother, whose death we this day lament, lived and died in the Lord. He knew what it is to have fellowship with the Son of God—For him to live was Christ—He lived, yet not he, for Christ lived in him. Through many years his tenderest sympathies, his profoundest convictions, were in harmony with the spirit and work of his Master. Gifted by nature as few men are, of daring and inquiring mind, ready to investigate any of the social, scientific, or religious problems of this thinking age, he yet clung tenaciously to the Cross of Christ, and the fundamental principles of our holy Christianity. "It was not my privilege to know him in the strength of his manhood, but, in his declining days, I learned both to respect and honor him. He had a noble mind, a great and generous soul. As I tried to preach the gospel, his evident sympathy, his intelligent appreciation, were an inspiration, and when sickness kept him from the public service, I felt that a real vacancy had occurred. "In a long and extensive practice of forty-five years, no poor man applied in vain for professional aid, and he in no single instance resorted to legal measures to secure his dues. I believe he had large and just views of life. His object in life was not to amass wealth, but to get and do good. He often said to me, `When I can do no more good I wish to die.' "During our protracted religious meetings he was very anxious for our success. He longed to be present at our gatherings, and being deprived this privilege, his constant prayer at his home was that his brethren might be spiritually strengthened, and sinful men converted. The night he died he refrained from retiring until his family returned from service, that he might know the result. "But he has gone. The community has lost an estimable and honored citizen, and an intelligent, generally successful practitioner of medicine. His bereaved wife has lost a loving and faithful husband, and his children an indulgent and tender father. Take him all in all, we shall not soon look upon his like again. The gallant ship which so long battled the storms and waves of life's sea, has at last cast anchor in the haven of eternal rest. The great, restless brain, whose thoughts were ever on and on, has solved the problem of life, and the soul which beat with so much love and sympathy toward all men, unclogged from HISTORY OF THE WESTERN RESERVE - 1837 cumbersome clay, has risen to the fellowship of the good of all ages." Dr. Tillotson, grandfather of the subject of this sketch was the father of five children, namely : Augustus, a physician, who died at Iowa City, Iowa ; George Sanford, now living on the old homestead, where the old doctor's office still stands, is nearly eighty-seven years of age ; Elbert D. ; Myra, who lived in Cleveland and died June 19o9, aged eighty-eight years ; and Sophronia, a twin of Sanford, who died in 1904, aged eighty-one years. Elbert Delectus Tillotson, youngest son of Dr. Loyal Tillotson, was born on the old homestead in Thompson, September 27, 1828. He studied medicine and proposed to adopt the medical profession, but remained for several years at home caring for his father's farm and business. He married Jane Adelia, daughter of Salmon Hart, of Montville, Geauga county, in January, 1857. Her birth occurred September 6, 1839, and she died at the age of sixty-four years. They lived seven years in Thompson where their four children were born. They moved to Leroy, Lake county, in 1864, living there twelve years. He took up the practice of medicine late in life, making catarrh and chronic diseases a specialty. Energy, promptness and integrity characterized his business transactions. In 1876 he moved to Galesburg, Michigan, where he lived nearly two years, but the climate not being conducive to his health lie returned to Cleveland, Ohio, and soon after had a paralytic stroke, and in the summer of 1878 returned to the old homestead in Thompson, where on the morning of October 14, 1878, he passed to the life beyond. Their children were born as follows : Elva, born January 24, 1858, wife of Fred Mason, a retired farmer, residing at Painesville ; Loyal Hart ; Earl Sanford, born February 24, 1862, one of the largest stock dealers in northern Ohio, living in East Painesville ; and Luean Elbert, born July 8, 1864, a farmer of East Toledo, Ohio. Dr. Loyal Hart Tillotson spent his early years on the farm at Thompson and Leroy, Ohio. It was at the common district and select schools of these places that the subject of this sketch began laying the educational foundation and the formation of habits of general study and learning, and the ways and methods of investigation and application which were destined to have a powerful influence to his future advancement to the head of the great profession which he chose, and rendered him prominent as an able and successful medical practitioner in later years. At the age of sixteen years lie went with his father and family to Galesburg, Michigan, at which place and at Painesville, Ohio, he continued his studies, and general preparation for a future field of labor and finally selected and settled upon the medical profession as a life work. Accordingly at the age of twenty years he began the reading of medicine, and after devoting the necessary time and diligent application to his duties, he graduated with high honors in the class of 1885 at the Cleveland Homeopathic Hospital College. Whilst there pursuing his general studies he in addition took a full course of clinical instruction in the Huron Street Hospital at Cleveland. Having finished his preparation, Dr. Tillotson had the pleasure at his old home in Thompson, of taking up the very practice the foundation of which had been laid by his grandfather in former years, and continuing it for a period of three years with great success, and genuine pleasure to himself and undoubted value to his patients. This field quickly proved too limited for Dr. Tillotson's growing prestige, and he was solicited by many citizens and friends to move to Painesville whither his reputation as an able physician and skillful surgeon had already preceded him. Here in this beautiful city and intelligent community the doctor has ever since resided with his family ; and here he has built up among his neighbors and friends a lucrative and ever growing practice which he richly deserves and enjoys. Not only in this locality, but in surrounding towns and villages, where he has often been called in consultation, he has found fields for increased usefulness and opportunity. Dr. Tillotson is a member of the Cleveland Homoeopathic Medical Society, the Ohio State Homoeopathic Medical Society and the American Institute of Homoeopathy. On May 19, 1887, he was joined in marriage with Lillian M., youngest daughter of Nelson and Rosetta Garis, born at the family homestead in Thompson. She was a popular teacher for several years previous to her marriage, entering that vocation at the early age of sixteen years. The union has been blessed with two sons, Loyal Garis, a graduate of the Painesville high school and now a college student, and Paul Elbert, a high school student in Painesville. The doctor and his family are members of the Methodist Episcopal church of Painesville, in which himself and wife have 1838 - HISTORY OF THE WESTERN RESERVE been workers for more than twenty years, the boys also participating in the activities of church and Sabbath school. DAVID JENNINGS DULMAGE, who passed away on March 12, 1904, is well remembered as among the agricultural residents of this community, a man highly respected and revered. He was born in Canada in March of 1822, and coming to the states with his parents he became a resident of Kirtland, Ohio, and later of Russia township, Lorain county, Ohio. He was married first to Roxanna Ax-tell, a daughter of one of the early pioneer residents of Russia. township, Daniel Axtell, and the four children of that union who lived to mature years are : Manley, whose home is in Chicago, Illinois ; Anson, of Oberlin, Ohio ; Carrie, who married William Hook and lives in the state of Washington ; and Arthur, also in Oberlin. A few years after his first marriage Mr. Dulmage went to Wisconsin and spent some years in that state, and returning bought the old Axtell farm in Russia township, and there his wife died. He married later, January 3, 1872, Mrs. Martha M. (Fairchild) Axtell, who was born June I, 1824, in Painesville, Ohio, a daughter of Elam and Lydia (Wilcox) Fairchild, the father from Danbury, Connecticut, and the mother from Otsego county, New York. Mr. and Mrs. Fairchild were married in the latter county, and soon afterward they located in Evansville, Indiana, where they resided for a few years and then sought a home in Painesville, Ohio, where Mr. Fairchild followed carpentering. After a residence in Kirtland and Willoughby he in 1840 purchased and moved to a farm in Amherst township, and in 1866 moved from there to Kent, Ohio, but one year after this latter move bought a farm in Stow township, Summit county, near Silver Lake, and lived there for six years, moving then to South Amherst, where he lived retired and where he died on December 21, 1882, aged ninety years, his wife passing away a year afterward in 1884, on January 5, in her eighty-fourth year. At the time of her marriage to Mr. Dulmage Mrs. Dulmage was the widow of Daniel Axtell, Jr., who was born in the state of Maine, and they were married December 28, 1845. He was a son of Daniel Axtell, Sr., and died January 5, 1862. Mr. Axtell, Jr., was by the Democratic party elected to many offices of his community, serving as a town clerk, as an assessor and for many years and until his death was a justice of the peace. He was honored in all the walks of life, and his memory is held in the highest esteem by all who had the pleasure of his acquaintance. Three children were born to Mr. and Mrs. Axtell : William W., of Columbus, Ohio ; L. Jeanette, who served three years as a trained nurse in Lakeside Hospital, Cleveland, was then a private nurse for eight years, and from 1895 until the death of her mother she lived with her on Spring street in Amherst ; and Emily C., the wife of Hiram Belden, living in North Olmstead, Cuyahoga county, their four children being Leland A., Mildred G., Ralph D. and Kenneth E. After his second marriage Mr. Dulmage lived on his farm in Russia township until moving to Amherst in 1885, renting his farm at that time, but later he disposed of the same. His death occurred while he was visiting at the home of his son, Anson, at Oberlin, and he. was buried at South Amherst. He was a member of the Congregational church. Mrs.. Dulmage survived her husband but a few years, passing away on April 5, 1910. Her religious life began when she was a child, and . some time in her early womanhood she united with` he Methodist Episcopal church. A quarterly ticket of membership with that denomination, yellow with age, has been kept in her Bible for many years, and it tells the story of her early faith in God and her consecration to His church and service. After her second marriage she united with Mr. Dulmage in the First Congregational church of Amherst, and on coming to Amherst Village she united with the Second Congregational church. Mr. and Mrs. Dulmage were honored in the various activities of life, and in memory they yet live, esteemed and revered. HONORABLE DAVID TOD, of Youngstown, bears the full patronymic of his honorable grandfather, who held a place of distinction in connection with public affairs in the civic history of Ohio, of which state he served as governor during the Civil war, and he, himself, has well upheld the prestige of the honorable name which he bears. He is at the present time representative of the Twenty-third district of Ohio in the state senate, said district comprising the counties of Mahoning and Trumbull. Senator Tod is one of the representative business men of the Western Reserve and his industrial and capitalistic interests are of wide scope and importance, both by reason of his personality and accomplishment HISTORY OF THE WESTERN RESERVE - 1839 and on account of his being a scion of one of the best known and most distinguished pioneer families of the Western Reserve, is he entitled to specific recognition in this publication, which is devoted to the Western Reserve and its people. David Tod was born at Girard, Trumbull county, Ohio, on August 25, 1870, and is a son of William and Frances (Barnhisel) Tod. His great-grandfather, George Tod, who was graduated in Yale University about 1787, was the founder of the family in Ohio. He became one of the prominent and influential citizens of Trumbull county, where he was an early settler and where he identified himself with various industrial and business enterprises, through the medium of which he gained a large fortune, as estimated according to the standard of the period and locality. He represented Trumbull county in the state senate in 1804-05 and also in 1810-14. He also served as judge of the court of common pleas at the time when such judges were elected by the general assembly. He continued his residence in Trumbull county until his death, as did also his wife. Honorable David Tod, distinguished grandfather of he whose name initiates this review, is individually mentioned on other pages of this work, so that further review of his career is not demanded in the present connection. It may be noted, however, that he represented Trumbull county in the state senate in 1838-9. In 1844, and again in 1846, he was Democratic candidate for governor of Ohio, and on each occasion was defeated by the candidate of the Whig party. In 1861 he was made the gubernatorial candidate of the Republican party, and as such was elected governor over Hugh J. Jewett, the Democratic candidate. He retired from office after serving one term, and his administration was one marked with signal discrimination and ability in the adjustment of the many important affairs that necessarily demanded consideration during the climacteric period of the Civil war. William Tod, father of the subject of this review, was reared and educated in Trumbull county, and for many years he occupied a position of great prominence in connection with manufacturing and other industrial enterprises in Mahoning county, having been one of the leading citizens of Youngstown and having ever stood exemplar of the highest integrity and honor in all the relations of life. Many of the business enterprises whose upbuilding was mainly due to his efforts are still successfully continued, and with the same his son, Senator Tod, is now identified in executive or advisory capacity. Senator Tod gained his early educational discipline in the public schools of Youngstown, after which he continued his studies for a time in Purdue University, at Lafayette, Indiana, which institution he finally left to enter the historic old Yale University. He did not complete the university course, but returned to his home in Youngstown and initiated his successful business career by becoming associated with various enterprises in which his honored father was concerned. It may be noted that he is secretary and treasurer of the Youngstown & Southern Railway Company, and that he is a member of the directorate of each of the following named corporations : Brier Hill Iron & Coal Company ; Youngstown Steel Company ; Hartford Stone Company, of which he is president ; Lowell Coal Mining Company, of which he is vice president ; Elton Automobile & Garage Company, of which he is president ; Commercial National Bank of Youngstown ; Mahoning County National Bank ; William Tod Company ; Bessemer Limestone Company ; besides which he is a trustee of the McWilliams Free Library, of Youngstown, and of the Youngstown City Hospital. No citizen manifests a more loyal interest in all that tends to conserve the material and civic prosperity of his home city, and no one exemplifies higher civic ideals or commands a higher degree of popular confidence and esteem. Notwithstanding the exactions of his large and important industrial interests, Mr. Tod finds much incidental satisfaction in supervising his fine farm property and is the owner of one of the most highly improved farms in Trumbull county, the same being located just beyond the city limits of Youngstown. Here he and his wife maintain their home during the summer seasons, and the place is one of manifold attractions. In politics Senator Tod has ever given an unqualified allegiance to the Republican party and he has been one of the leaders in its ranks in his section of the state, having served as chairman of the county and state executive committees of his party. He was a valued member of the city council of Youngstown for a period of years, and he was elected to represent his district in the state senate, of which he is still a prominent and honored member. He has given most efficient service both on the 1840 - HISTORY OF THE WESTERN RESERVE floor of the senate and in the committee room, having been assigned to many of the important committees of the deliberative body of the state legislature. He is identified with various civic and social organizations of representative character. Senator Tod's wife was before her marriage Miss Anna Stambaugh, and she was born and reared in Youngstown. THEODORE M. BRUSH, of Elyria, was born in North Ridgeville, Ohio, September 9, 1858, a son of the late Rufus and Theresa (Terrell) Brush. Rufus Brush was born in Stamford, Connecticut, and was the son of Benjamin Brush, who came to the Western Reserve from Connecticut, in 1825, settling in Eaton township, Lorain county, near the boundary of Ridgeville township. Theresa Terrell was born in Ridgeville township, Lorain county, Ohio, and her father, Ichabod Terrell, was born in Waterbury, Connecticut, in 180o, and came to the Western Reserve in 1810, with his father, Tillotson Terrell. Tillotson Terrell was the first settler of Eaton township. With the family came the great-great-grandfather of Theodore M. Brush, who made the long trip from the east at the age of eighty years. Later the Terrell family removed into Ridgeville township. Theodore Brush was educated in the schools of Elyria and Cleveland, Ohio, and began business life as cashier and bookkeeper for his uncle, Henry Brush, a merchant of Elyria. Later he entered the office of T. N. Brooks, manufacturer of radiators, in Cleveland. Returning to Elyria, he took the position of teller in the Elyria National Bank, which he held for ten or twelve years, resigning to engage in the retail grocery business in Elyria. Three years later he sold his interest and, together with S. B. Rawson, W. E. Brooks and J. H. Griswold, besides some others, he engaged in electrical business, under the name of Rawson Electrical Company. The manufacturing portion of this enterprise was subsequently taken over by the Dean Electrical Company, of Elyria, of which Mr. Brush became secretary and treasurer ; he is now third vice president and a member of executive committee, Mr. Brush was one of the promoters of the American Construction & Trading Company, also one of the organizers, and is now secretary of the concern, as well as treasurer. He is connected with two enterprises of considerable magnitude, and the annual amount of business they conduct is enormous. Mr. Brush is president of the United Message Company, of Albany, New York. All the above companies are engaged either in manufacturing, financiering or some other line of industry in connection with the telephone. Mr. Brush is prominent in business and social circles, and an enterprising, public spirited citizen. He is a member of the Elyria Chamber of Commerce and of the Country Club. Mr. Brush married Jeannett E., daughter of James Monroe, of Elyria, and they have four children, Margaretta L., Kathryn J., Dorothy T. and Rufus M. HONORABLE EARL N. GIBBS, a rising young business man and representative from Lorain county to the General Assembly, was born in Brunswick township, Medina county, Ohio. May 17, 1874, and is a son of Farnam M. and Calista (Garlock) Gibbs. Farnam M. Gibbs was born in Onondaga county, New York, and his wife, who was a daughter of George Garlock, of Pennsylvania, was born in Parma township, Cuyahoga county, Ohio. Hiram Gibbs, father of Farnam M., was a native of Boston, Massachusetts. Farnam M. Gibbs came to Ohio with his parents, in 1839, and they located in Royalton township, Cuyahoga county, where they bought and improved a tract of timber land ; they built a log cabin and later erected a frame house which still stands. The parents passed the balance of their lives there, the father passing away in 1875 and the mother about 1880. Farnam M. Gibbs was married at Parma, about 1856 and then located at Royalton, Ohio, where he was a preacher in the Church of Christ. About 1870 he removed to Brunswick and bought a farm, which his sons carried on ; here he made his home, although he held pastorates at various places, among them Lafayette, Brunswick, Hinckley and Kipton, and spent three years at Lorain. He next removed to Kipton, where he held a pastorate two years and then for three years was stationed at Delta, Fulton county. From Delta he retired and removed to the old farm, where he died February 27, 1908; his widow resides with her oldest son, at Brunswick, Ohio, They had six children, namely : Farnam H., of Brunswick, Ohio ; Josephine, married John E. Moody, a farmer living on the old home ; George, died at the age of twelve years ; William L., a farmer of Brunswick, Ohio ; Lillian, Mrs. Forrest Myrick, of Canton, and Earl N. Farnam M. Gibbs took a classical course at HISTORY OF THE WESTERN RESERVE - 1841 Oberlin College, and was a well educated, cultured man. He enlisted early in 1861, in the Second Ohio Cavalry, and was discharged in 1863, having spent several months in a hospital. When sixteen years old Earl N. Gibbs entered the high school at Lorain, and later he worked two years in the book store of W. F. Eldred. He took a classical course at Oberlin College, and two years later entered Hiram College, where he spent three years ; he worked during the vacations on a farm and was during the school year tenor in Hiram College male quartette. When nineteen years of age Mr. Gibbs was ordained a minister of the Church of Christ, and spent some time in the service of the church, his first church being at Fayette, Ohio, where he remained a year. He is still a member of the Church of Christ and has been deacon since 1897. Mr. Gibbs married, September 25, 1895, Georgia M. Breckenridge, born in Kipton, Ohio, daughter of Benjamin and Mary (Arnold) Breckenridge, mentioned at length elsewhere in this work. Mr. Gibbs and his wife have one child, Marguerite, born July 29, 1896. In 1900 Mr. Gibbs was taken into equal partnership with his father-in-law, who since 1868 has been engaged in mercantile business, and Mr. Gibbs now conducts the store. At the organization of Kipton Banking Company, January I, 1905, Mr. Gibbs became president, and still holds that office. G. J. Campbell is vice president and H. B. Cook cashier of the bank. The institution has a capital of $25,000 and has been a financial success from the start. Associated in the enterprise are some of the leading business men of Kipton and vicinity. Mr. Gibbs is actively interested in public affairs, and stands high with his fellow-citizens. Politically he is a Republican, and in the fall of 1908 was elected representative from Lorain county, in the General Assembly, for two years. Mr. Gibbs belongs to the Masonic order, at Oberlin, Ohio. BENJAMIN F. BRECKENRIDGE, for many years a prominent merchant of Kipton, Ohio, was born November II, 1840, in Camden township, Lorain county, Ohio, and is a son of Norman and Tryphena (Rosencrantz) Breckenridge. Norman Breckenridge was born in Bennington, Vermont, and his wife in St. Lawrence county, New York ; they were married in New York and settled in St. Lawrence county, where they spent a few years and then, in 1834, came to Ohio, settling first in Wakeman township, Huron county, where they resided one year, or until the spring of 1835, when they bought a farm in Camden township. Here Norman Breckenridge died in December, 186o, at the age of fifty-one years. His widow died in Oberlin, Ohio, in 1874, at the age of fifty-seven. They had eight children, of whom five now survive, namely : Alonzo, died in 1908 ; Norman, died in 1863, having served in the Union army as a member of the Twenty-third Ohio Volunteer Infantry ; Mary, widow of George N. Arnold, living in Oberlin, Ohio ; Daniel W., of California ; Benjamin F. ; Justin A., deceased ; Henry C., of Port Angelus, Washington ; and Frances, Mrs. R. H. Lamphier, of Bryan, Ohio. Benjamin F. Breckenridge received his education in the public schools and Oberlin College. At the age of twenty years he worked on a farm by the month one season and taught school two years, after which he purchased a farm in Camden township. He spent five years at this farm and then bought, in 1868, a store in Kipton, of Thomas LaNell, dealing in general merchandise ; he carried this store on with great success for many years, and since 1904 his son-in-law, Earl N. Gibbs, mentioned elsewhere in this work, has been his co-partner and has now become manager. For twenty years Mr. Breckenridge has been an extensive dealer in farm lands in the vicinity of his home, and at the present time owns 250 acres in Camden township, in one tract. He is a keen, enterprising business man, and has been very successful in all his investments. Mr. Breckenridge is actively interested in public affairs and politically was a Republican until 1872,- when he voted for Horace Greeley, since when he has been a straight Democrat. He belongs to Reeves Camp No. 93, Knighted Order of Tented Maccabees. He is a highly respected citizen, and well known in the community. June 4, 1863, Mr. Breckenridge married Mary, daughter of George A. and Mary Ann ( Moore) Arnold, of New York ; she was born in Camden township. Mr. and Mrs. Breckenridge have one adopted daughter, Georgia M., wife of Honorable Earl N. Gibbs, of Kipton, Ohio. HARVEY EDGAR GOUGLER, a leading attorney of Lorain, was born on a farm in Summit county, Ohio, August 16, 1878, and is a son of George and Mary (Vandersall) Gougler, 1842 - HISTORY OF THE WESTERN RESERVE both natives of Summit county. His grandfather, John Gougler, came from Pennsylvania to the Western Reserve, settling in the extreme part of Summit county, at an early date ; he was a Pennsylvania Dutch farmer, and died in Summit county. George Gougler was also a farmer by avocation, and died in January, 1893, at the age of sixty-three years ; his widow is now in her seventy-fourth year. They became parents of children as follows : Sarah, married Rev. A. J. Bird, of the Evangelical church, and resides at Franklin, Pennsylvania ; Emma, married Albert Ohl, and is now deceased ; Lucy, married John Wetzel, who is deceased, and she lives in Akron ; Jennie, married Willard Semler, a farmer of Portage county ; Rose, married Byron Schriver, a farmer of Inland, Ohio ; Abraham, Minnie and Dora, deceased ; Charles, a dentist, practicing at Missoula, Montana ; and Harvey Edgar. Until about nineteen years of age, Harvey E. Gougler lived on a farm, and received his education at Inland, Ohio, attending common and high school. He then entered Wooster (Ohio) College, where he spent one year and then taught school at East Liberty, Ohio. He afterward completed a classical course at the Ohio Northern University, at Ada, graduating in the class of 1903, with degree A. B. Meanwhile he had been studying law, and he graduated from the law department of this university in December, 1904, at the same time being admitted to the bar. He practiced a short time in Akron, Ohio, and then located in Lorain, at first in partnership with Frank Coleman, and in July, 1906, was appointed assistant city solicitor of Lorain. He served in this capacity until January I, 1907, when he again re-entered practice, being associated with Charles Adams, the firm name being Adams & Gougler. He is an able member of the profession, keen and ambitious, and possessing delightful zeal and enthusiasm for his chosen field. He is a public-spirited citizen, and actively interested in measures of progress and improvement. Mr. Gougler is a member of the Knights of Pythias and also belongs to the Business Men's Association. ISAAC STEVENS METCALF was one of the honored and influential citizens of Elyria, Lorain county, for nearly half a century prior to his death, which here occurred on February 19, 1898. He had much to do with early railroad construction in the middle west and was a man of distinctive ability as a civil engineer. In Lorain county he was called upon to serve in various positions. of public trust, and no citizen commanded a fuller measure of popular confidence and esteem. Isaac Stevens Metcalf was a member of the eighth generation in line of direct descent from Michael Metcalf, who was the founder of the family in America. Said Michael Metcalf, son of Rev. Leonard Metcalf, rector of Tatterford, was born at Tatterford, Norfolk county, England, on June 17, 1587, and his wife, whose maiden name was Sarah Elwyn, was born at Heigham, that county, June 17, 1593. Their marriage was solemnized on October 13, 1616, and they sailed for America, April 15, 1637. Michael Metcalf was made a freeman of the city of Norwich, England, June 21, 1618, and his occupation is stated as "Dornix Weaver." This Dornic or Dornix was a kind of damask or tapestry used for hangings or heavy curtains, and he is supposed to have employed in his factory about one hundred men. He was a, most zealous non-conformist in religious views, and was a stanch representative of the Puritan type in New England. Michael Metcalf was admitted a townsman at Dedham, Massachusetts, July 14, 1637. He joined the church in January, 1639, and in 1641 he served as selectman. His first wife died in 1644 and he later married a widow, Mary Pidge, of Roxbury. It is impossible within the prescribed compass of this sketch to give details concerning the genealogy from the time of this sterling founder to the later generations, and it will suffice to make brief record concerning the parents of him who figures as the immediate subject of this memoir. Isaac Metcalf, son of Peletiah and Lydia (Estey) Metcalf, was born at Royalston, Worcester county, Massachusetts, on February 3, 1783, and of him it is stated that he acquired some education and was a very successful teacher in Royalston and adjacent towns. In 1810 he married Lucy Heywood, who died June 29, 1820, leaving no children. In 1821 Isaac Metcalf married Anna Mayo (Stevens) Rich, widow of Charles Rich, of Warwick, Massachusetts. She was born March I, 1787, and was a daughter of Wilder and Elizabeth (Mayo) Stevens, of Roxbury. Isaac Metcalf died in Boston, April 17, 1830, and his widow died in Elyria, Ohio, January 2, 1866. Of the four children of this union Isaac Stevens Metcalf, subject of this memoir, was the eldest. He was born at Royalston, Massachusetts, January 29, 1822, and died February 19, 1898, as already noted. The second child, Joseph Mayo Metcalf, was born July 25, 1823, and died De- HISTORY OF THE WESTERN RESERVE - 1843 cember 31, 1850. The third child, Lucy Heywood Metcalf, was born May 20, 1825, became the wife of Samuel Winkley Furber, and died at Bangor, Maine, August 26, 1856. Eliab Wight Metcalf, the youngest of the children, is the subject of an individual memoir elsewhere in this publication. Isaac Stevens Metcalf gained his early educational training in the schools of the city of Boston, and in 1831 he joined his half-brother, Charles W. Rich, at Milo, Maine. He attended school in Bangor, that state, and fitted himself for college under the tutorship of David Worcester. He was dependent upon his own resources and while prosecuting his studies worked for his board. He taught in the country schools during the winter terms and applied himself to farm work during the summer seasons. In 1844 he entered the sophomore class of Bowdoin College, in which he was graduated in 1847, having -in the meanwhile continued teaching from three to six months in each of the intervening years. Concerning his subsequent labors and experiences the following record is substantially that given in a brochure prepared by him, under the title of "Metcalf Genealogy." Directly after college commencement he went to surveys on the Vermont & Massachusetts railroad. He was promoted at once, when found a college boy, and was recognized as the ablest axman in the surveying party. After the completion of the Vermont & Massachusetts railroad he was on the New Hampshire Central railroad while the line was located and built from Manchester to Henniker, and then made the survey from Henniker across to Newport and the Connecticut river, making up the published report of the route. In the spring of 185o Mr. Metcalf came west, making the trip by stage over the Hoosac Tunnel line to Troy, down the Hudson river to New York, thence west on the first train over the then opening Erie railroad. From Erie, Pennsylvania, he proceeded by steamboat to Cleveland and Detroit ; thence by the very ,new and crude Michigan Central railroad to Michigan City, Indiana, then the terminus of the road. From that point he went by steam ferry to Chicago, which then had about 30,000 inhabitants. On the same steamer came the first locomotive engine ever brought to Chicago, the same having been intended to run on 10 little strap-railroad just beginning from Chicago out toward Elgin,—perhaps the first railroad out of Chicago. After a somewhat circuitous trip he finally reached Mount Haw kins, Perry county, Illinois, and he commenced preliminary surveys on the Illinois Central line. In the autumn he was given charge of the location of the railroad from Cairo north. In the spring, fearing the climate, he returned to New England on horseback. In the following autumn he was invited to assume charge of the construction of the second division of the Illinois Central railroad, and he returned to southern Illinois, in company with his wife, whom he had married while in Dunbarton, New Hampshire. He built the second division of the Illinois Central from Big Muddy river, including the bridge at that point and the hotel and shops at Centralia. He prided himself especially on the bridge over the Little Muddy river—a stone structure with ten-foot openings through the spandrels. He had charge of all the money spent, as well as of the construction—expending over half a million dollars with very little assistance or advice from his chief, whom he saw only once a year. When the road was completed, in 1855, he went to Chicago and handed his books and vouchers to George B. McClellan, who was then finance clerk in the Chicago office of the company and who later gained distinction as a general in the Civil war. In the meanwhile he had invested in land and laid out the village of DuQuoin, now an important station on the Illinois Central railroad, and there he commenced coal-mining operations. After more than a year spent in New England, he settled in Elyria, Ohio, in November, 1856, and there he maintained his home until his death. Mr. Metcalf became one of the influential citizens of Elyria, where his business interests were centered and where he ever held a commanding place in popular confidence and esteem. He was elected a director of the county infirmary at the time of its establishment and was trustee of his township during the period of the Civil war, besides being colonel of the local volunteer militia. He served long and efficiently as justice of the peace and as a member of the Elyria board of education, of which he was president for some time. He also held the offices of cemetery trustee and county school examiner, and was secretary of the Lorain County Agricultural Society. He was for many years clerk, secretary and treasurer of the First Congregational church and society, in which he was elected a deacon for life. He was instant in good works, was loyal and public-spirited as a citizen, and upon his entire career there rests no shadow of wrong or injustice. He became the owner of real estate 1844 - HISTORY OF THE WESTERN RESERVE and other property in his home city and county and was a director of the Savings Deposit Bank from the time of its organization until his death. On July 5, 1852, at Dunbarton, New Hampshire, was recorded the marriage of Mr. Metcalf to Miss Antoinette Brigham Putnam, daughter of Rev. John M. and Arethusa (Brigham) Putnam, and her death occurred in Elyria, Ohio, August 14, 1875. Of their twelve children five sons and three daughters are now living ( 1910). In Elyria, on March 25, 1878, Isaac Stevens Metcalf contracted a second marriage. He was then united to Miss Harriet Howes, who was born July 17, 1850, at Gatonwood House, Northampton, England, a (laughter of William and Elizabeth (West) Howes. Mrs. Metcalf was summoned to the life eternal on December 7, 1894, and of the six children, all sons, five are still living. Thirteen of the children have received a college education. The children of Isaac Stevens Metcalf and Antoinette B. P. Metcalf are : Ducoigne Mayo Metcalf, born in DuQuoin, Illinois, June 1, 1853, died at Dunbarton, New Hampshire, September 6, 1856. William Putnam Metcalf, born in Milo, Maine, September 10, 1855, died at Dunbarton, New Hampshire, September 13, 1856. Wilder Stevens Metcalf, born in Milo, Maine, September 10, 1855, graduate of Elyria high school, Elyria, Ohio, 1872 ; graduate Oberlin College, 1878 ; graduate law department, University of Kansas, 1897 ; was colonel of the First Regiment, Kansas National Guard, at opening of Spanish war ; went to the Philippines as major of Twentieth Kansas Volunteers, and when Colonel Funston was made general, Major Metcalf was elected colonel by vote of the officers of the regiment ; was twice wounded and was commissioned brevet brigadier general for gallant service ; on his return was appointed by President Roosevelt United States pension agent at Topeka, .Kansas, in which position he is now (1910) serving a third. term ; has served several years on the Lawrence (Kansas) board of education, and is again colonel of the First Regiment of the Kansas National Guard ; his residence is in Lawrence, Kansas, where he has conducted since 1887 an extensive farm loan business ; married July 30, 1878, to Mary E. Crosier, of Wellington, Ohio. Charles Rich Metcalf, born at Elyria, Ohio, August I, 1857, is since 1892 with Wilder S. Metcalf in farm loan business, Lawrence, Kansas. Marion Metcalf, born at Elyria, May 1, 1859 ; graduate Elyria high school 1875 ; graduate Wellesley College 1880 taught in Elyria high school, Wellesley College, Hampton Institute, Virginia ; present residence, Oberlin, Ohio. George Augustus Metcalf, born at Elyria, January 17, 1861, died April 28, 1861. Anna Mayo Metcalf, born at Elyria, July 26, 1862 ; graduate Elyria high school, 1879 ; graduate Oberlin College, 1884 ; married April 30, 1887, to Azariah Smith Root, librarian of Oberlin College. John Milton Putnam Metcalf, born at Elyria, Ohio, October 28, 1864 ; graduate Elyria high school, 1881; Oberlin College, 1885 ; graduate Union Theological Seminary, New York City, 1888 ; received degree of D. D. from Oberlin College, 1910 ; is now president Talladega College, Talladega, Alabama ; married September 12, 1888, to Caroline P. Post, of Belleville, Ohio. Paul Harlan Metcalf, born at Elyria, June 25, 1867 ; graduate Elyria high school, 1884 ; Oberlin College, 1889 ; married June 8, 1898, Czarina Hamilton Goldsbury, Minneapolis, Minnesota ; is superintendent Christ Mission Settlement, Youngstown. Grace Ethel Metcalf, born at Elyria, March 5, 1870 ; graduate Elyria high school, 1885 ; graduate Oberlin College, 1889 ; married August 5, 1895, Harold Farmer Hall, London, England ; died in Chicago, Illinois, April 23, 1896. Henry Martyn Metcalf, born at Elyria, September II, 1871; graduated Elyria high school, 1886 ; Oberlin College, 1891 ; Pennsylvania University Medical School, 1906 ; practicing medicine in Elyria ; married October 24, 1906, Mary Lavina Timbs, of Norwalk, Ohio. Antoinette Brigham Putnam Metcalf, born in Elyria, September 7, 1873 ; graduate Elyria high school, 1889 ; Oberlin College, 1893 ; library school, Pratt Institute, Brooklyn, New York, 1902 ; reference librarian, Oberlin College and Wellesley College. The children of Isaac Stevens Metcalf and Harriet Howes Metcalf are as follows : Ralph Howes Metcalf, born in Elyria, Ohio, January 9, 1879, died December 10, 1894. Joseph Mayo Metcalf, born in Elyria, October 30, 1880; graduate Elyria high school, 1896 ; Oberlin College, 1901 ; Harvard College, 1902 ; married, March 30, 1905, Mary Florence Jones, of Pasumalai, India ; is civil engineer on M., K. & T. R. R., Parsons, Kansas. Eliab Wight Metcalf, born in Elyria, December 26, 1881 ; graduate Elyria . high school, 1899 ; Kansas University, civil engineer course, 1904 ; married December 26, 1905, Clara Louise Woodin, Iola, Kansas ; is civil engineer, Darby, Montana. Isaac Stevens Metcalf, born in Elyria, HISTORY OF THE WESTERN RESERVE - 1845 September 14, 1883 ; graduate Elyria high school, 1900; Oberlin College, 1905 ; night city editor Plain Dealer, Cleveland. Keyes DeWitt Metcalf, born in Elyria, April 13, 1889 ; graduate Oberlin high school, 1907 ; member of class of 1911 Oberlin College. Thomas Nelson Metcalf, born in Elyria, September 21, 1890 ; graduated Oberlin high school, 1908 ; member of class of 1912 Oberlin College. ELIAB W. METCALF.—The Metcalf family has been one of prominence and influence in the Western Reserve for more than half a century and has been more especially identified with the history of Lorain county, where numerous representatives of the name are to be found at the present time. The genealogy of the family is traced back with decisive authenticity for many generations, and a number of specific family records have been published. It is impossible within the prescribed limitations of the present sketch to enter into detailed genealogical review, and, indeed, this is not consonant with the functions of the publication. However, it is desired that clue record be made concerning those who have so well upheld the prestige of the name in the Western Reserve, and prominent among the number was Eliab W. Metcalf, who died at his home in Elyria, Lorain county, on November 24, 1899. On other pages of this work, in a brief review of the life of his elder brother, the late Isaac Stevens Metcalf, of Elyria, will be found further data concerning the family genealogy, so that a repetition of the same is not demanded in the article at hand. Eliab Wight Metcalf, fourth and youngest child of Isaac and Anna Mayo (Stevens) Rich Metcalf, was born, at Royalston, Worcester county, Massachusetts, on April 18, 1827, and in the same year the family removed to the city of Boston, where his father was conducting a private school and where the latter died on April 17, 1830. In the following spring the widowed mother removed with her four young children to the northern part of Maine, where her older son, by a previous marriage, Charles Wilder Rich, had purchased a farm, in Piscataquis county. Concerning the subject of this memoir the following pertinent statements were made in an admirable record of the Metcalf genealogy published in 1898: "His boyhood was passed amid the exposure, privations and hard work of poverty in that frontier region. He had no advantages of education except the training of a well educated and most excellent Christian mother, one term in Foxcroft Academy, and the influence of capable older brothers and sisters. He became a member of the Congregational church in Milo, Maine, when nine years old. He taught two schools in Milo, in the winter of 1844 and 1845. In April, 1845, just before his eighteenth birthday, he walked to Bangor, thirty-three miles, and became clerk and bookkeeper in the store of Walter Brown & Son, dealers in general merchandise and lumber. From 1851 till October, 1865, he was in business for himself in Bangor,—lumbership chandlery and shipbuilding. During the Civil war he went at five different times, at his own expense, in service of the Christian Commission." From the same source are taken, with but slight paraphrase, the following quotations : "After the war, in October, 1865, Mr. Metcalf moved with his wife and five children to Elyria, Ohio, which was already the home of his brothers, Charles W. Rich and Isaac S. Metcalf, and of his sister, Mrs. Anna (Rich) DeWitt. He dealt in timber lands in Pennsylvania, southern Ohio, Michigan and Wisconsin. Having lost a vessel, burned by the English-built cruiser 'Shenandoah,' he spent twelve winters in Washington, advocating the theory, which he originated, that the forty-nine marine insurance companies, who claimed many millions of the Geneva award, were entitled to nothing unless they could show actual loss above war premiums received. This theory was finally adopted by Congress, thus making it possible to pay from the Geneva award for all the actual loss caused by the Confederate cruisers for which the losers had received no indemnity, and also for about one-third of the proved losses by the payment of war premiums. As attorney in fact, he collected for other losers a large number of claims, besides that for his own ship. He gathered an extensive collection of books and documents referring to the whole subject of the Treaty of Washington and the Geneva award. He carried to successful issue in the supreme court of the United States a suit against the city of Watertown, Wisconsin, involving a new and important constitutional question. In the supreme court of Wisconsin he won a test suit confirming his own title to a part of the 'Marathon county lands,' and thereby confirmed also the title, without expense to them, of a large number of immigrants and others to the small farms on which they had settled. "He was actively interested, both in Maine and Ohio, in temperance legislation. He draft- 1846 -HISTORY OF THE WESTERN RESERVE ed the first local option bill, which, under different names and forms, was before the Ohio legislature for several years and which was advocated by the Ohio Anti-Saloon League, and finally enacted into law in 1908. In the support and management of the league he was earnest and untiring. He was a member of the board of trustees of Oberlin College from 1880 until his death." In politics Mr. Metcalf gave his allegiance to the Republican party, and he. ever showed a broad-minded and loyal interest in public affairs. Both he and his wife were most zealous members of the Congregational church and showed their consecration in their daily lives. The loftiest principles of integrity and honor governed the course of this sterling citizen and he made his life count for good in all its relations. He had naught of intellectual bigotry and was kindly and tolerant in his judgment of his fellow men. His was a sane, symmetrical productive life, and his name merits a place of honor in this publication. At Easthampton, Massachusetts, on April 6, 1853, was solemnized the marriage of Eliab Wight Metcalf to Miss Eliza Maria Ely, who was born at North Mansfield, Connecticut, on December 9, 1828, a daughter of Rev. William and Harriet (Whiting) Ely. She had been a successful teacher in the city of Philadelphia and at Easthampton, Massachusetts ; she was principal of the ladies' department of Williston Seminary. She was summoned to eternal rest, at Elyria, Ohio, on February 6, 1902, and her memory is revered by all who came within the sphere of her gentle and gracious influence. Concerning the children of Eliab W. and Eliza Maria (Ely) Metcalf the following brief data are given : Gertrude Ely was born in Bangor, Maine, August 26, 1854, and died on October 5, 1855 ; Irving Wight is made the subject of an individual sketch on other pages of this work ; Lucy Heywood, who was born in Bangor, on November 27, 1855, is the widow of Rev. Augustus G. Upton, who was pastor of Congregational churches in Windham and Wakeman, Ohio, Norwich, New York, Denver, Colorado, and was librarian of Colorado College, secretary of the New York Home Missionary Society and president of Weiser College and Academy, at Weiser, Idaho ; he died in Colorado Springs, Colorado, November 20, 1901, and his widow resides in Colorado Springs. Edith Ely Metcalf was born at Bangor, Maine, May 18, 1859, was graduated from Wellesley College in 1880, supplemented this training by study in the Boston Museum of Fine Arts, the Herkomer School, in England, and in schools in the city of Paris. For the past fifteen years her home has been in the city of Chicago. Wilmot Vernon Metcalf, born at Bangor, Maine, September 2, 1860, was graduated at Oberlin College in 1883 and for two years thereafter was a student in Oberlin Theological Seminary, with special post-graduate courses in chemistry. For two years he was professor of chemistry in Whitman College, at Walla Walla, Washington, later passed four years in post-graduate study at Johns Hopkins University, did special post-graduate work in the University of Wurtzburg, Germany, in 1895-6, and in the University of Leipsig, Germany, in 1903-1905; was professor of chemistry in Carleton College, Northfield, Minnesota, for thirteen years, and is now a professor of physics at Fisk University, Nashville, Tennessee. Bertha Mayo Metcalf was born at Bangor, Maine, July 19, 1864, and died at Elyria, Ohio, May 3, 1866. Carroll Metcalf was born in Elyria, January 5, 1867, died on the same day. Maynard Mayo Metcalf was born in Elyria, on March 12, 1868, and was graduated from Oberlin College, in 1889, thereafter completed a four years' post-graduate course in Johns Hopkins University. He was for twelve years professor of biology in the Woman's College, in the city of Baltimore and is now Professor of Zoology in Oberlin College. Ray Metcalf, youngest of the children, was born in Elyria, May 4, 1874, died on the 7th of the same month. At the time of the death of the honored subject of this memoir the prudential committee of Oberlin College entered upon the records of the institution the following words of appreciation : "The death, on November 24, 1899, of Mr. E. W. Metcalf, a trustee of Oberlin College, is a loss that we sincerely and deeply deplore. Mr. Metcalf's seventy years of life were filled with noble deeds and were inspired by a noble Christian character. Oberlin College gratefully remembers and appreciates his wise counsels and his frequent and generous benefactions. Our prayerful sympathies are extended to the bereaved family, who, with us, will find comfort in the memory of a life distinguished for remarkable nobility and usefulness, and itself a prophecy and assurance of a blessed immortality." REV. IRVING W. METCALF.-A worthy representative of one of the honored families of Lorain county, Rev. Irving W. Metcalf is a son of the late Eliab Wight Metcalf, of Elyria, HISTORY OF THE WESTERN RESERVE - 1847 Lorain county, to whom a memoir is dedicated on other pages of this volume, so that a further review of the family history is not demanded in the present connection. Irving Wight Metcalf. who now maintains his home in Oberlin, Ohio, and who is engaged in the management of several estates, was born in the city of Bangor, Maine, on the 27th of November, 1855, and was a lad of about ten years at the time of the family removal to Elyria, Ohio, in October, 1865. He had gained his rudimentary education in the public schools of his native city and thereafter he continued his studies in the schools of Elyria, from whose high school he was graduated as a member of the class of 1872. He was then matriculated in Oberlin College, from which he graduated in 1878. He was for one year a student at Andover Theological Seminary, at Andover, Massachusetts, and was graduated from Oberlin Theological Seminary as a member of the class of 1881. On the 31st of January, 1882, he was ordained as pastor of Eastwood Congregational church, in the city of Columbus, Ohio, of which he was the organizer. He retained this pastorial charge from September, 1881, until May, 1889, and during one year of this period he was also pastor of the North Congregational church in the same city. In 1889 he removed to Dayton, Ohio, where he organized the Central Congregational church, of which he was pastor during May and June of that year. From July, 1889, until the 1st of January, 1894, he was pastor of the Hough Avenue Congregational church in the city of Cleveland, of which likewise he was the organizer, and for nearly one year he was also pastor of North Branch church, now known as the Park Congregational church of Cleveland.  From the 1st of January, 1894, to the first of November, 1895, Mr. Metcalf was superintendent of the Congregational City Missionary Society of Cleveland, and from July 1, 1894, to November 1, 1897, he was associate .pastor of Pilgrim Congregational church, of Cleveland. He served eleven years as secretary of the Board of Ministerial Relief of the Congregational Association of Ohio, and has been for some fifteen years chairman of the committee on church property of the National Council of Congregational Churches. He is a trustee of Oberlin College, and of the Ohio Anti-Saloon League and a corporate member of the American Board of Commissioners for Foreign Missions. He continues his active Vol. III-37 association with the work of the Congregational churches, both in a local and general way, and he and his wife hold membership in the church of this denomination in their home city. He has always been identified with the Republican party, and is a member of the Cleveland Chamber of Commerce, the National Municipal League and various other civic organizations. He has been a director of the Elyria Savings and Banking Company since its organization, and is an officer and director in several other business corporations. In Elyria, Ohio, on the loth of May, 1885, was solemnized the marriage of Mr. Metcalf to Miss Flora Belle Mussey, who was born at Elyria, Ohio, on the 15th of December, 1857, and who is a daughter of Henry E. and Caroline M. (Kendall) Mussey. She was graduated from the Elyria high school in 1875 and from Wellesley College as a member of the class of 1881. She was a successful and popular teacher in the Elyria high school in 1883-4. Mr. and Mrs. Metcalf have two children—Edith Eastwood Metcalf, who was born in Columbus, Ohio, on the 30th of May, 1886, and was graduated from Wellesley College in 1909, and as A. M. from Oberlin College, 191o; Harold Mussey Metcalf, who was born in the city of Cleveland, on the 11th of August, 1891, is a member of the class of 1914, Oberlin College. FRANK T. COUGHLAN, commissioner of Ashtabula county, belongs to Conneaut by many bonds, this having been the scene of a great part of the life of his parents, his birthplace, and the scene of his. own activities and his present efficient public service. He was born June 22, 1861, at 289 Liberty street, his parents being C. 0. and Paulina (Maynard) Coughlan. His father was born April 4, 1835, and when about twenty years of age moved from Buffalo to Conneaut. He was a photographer and followed this occupation until his death which took place in Burlington, Iowa, January 25, 1885. He was Republican in politics. The mother was born in Lyme, New London county, Connecticut, May 15, 1836, and when very young removed to Conneaut, her parents taking up their residence on a farm on the lake road. Her marriage to Mr. Coughlan took place October 3o, 1859, and there were two children, Frank T., the subject of this sketch, and Mary, born April 29, 1862. The latter became the wife of F. L. Wingate in 1884 and died August 12, 1889. The mother's 1848 - HISTORY OF THE WESTERN RESERVE demise occurred February 12, 1892. Her loss was especially felt by the Congregational church in which she had been an active worker. Frank T. Coughlan received his education in the public schools of Conneaut and at the age of eighteen entered the ranks of the wage-earners as an employee in the Henry Pond Planing Mill, leaving to become a clerk for the firm of S. J. Smith. A few years later he purchased an interest and the firm of Coughlan, Chilson & Company was formed, this business being terminated the following year. He then secured a position with the Conneaut Water & Supply Company which was about to be built and had charge of certain parts of the work up to the time that it was finished in January, 1891. He was made superintendent of the plant and held this responsible position until 1898 when he resigned to accept another with the Pittsburgh and Conneaut Dock Company. This was in the capacity of assistant superintendent with Captain E. Day as superintendent. In the spring of 1892 Mr. Coughlan resigned, his position with the intention of entering politics, and in the fall he was elected to the office of county commissioner for a three years term beginning September 21, 1903. He was reelected for a three years term expiring September 20, 1909, and again for another two years term which he is now serving and which will expire September 21, 1911. Mr. Coughlan also served four years in the city council while employed by the Pittsburgh & Conneaut Dock Company. He gives his heart and hand to the policies and principles of the Republican party, is public-spirited and progressive and has the best welfare of the city at heart. As to his fraternal relations Mr. Coughlan has membership in the Benevolent Protective Order of Elks, Conneaut Lodge, No. 256 and also in the Royal Arcanum. On March 12, 1883, Mr. Coughlan laid the foundation of a happy married life by his union with Miss Kate M. Kennan, daughter of Captain Luman Kennan, who sailed the great lakes for over fifty years, and brought out the first vessel for the firm of Lake & Judson of Conneaut. The wedding took place in West Springfield, Pennsylvania. Mrs. Coughlan was educated in the common and high schools of Conneaut and began teaching school at the age of fifteen years. George Kennan, the noted lecturer and investigator of the Russian exile system in Siberia, was a cousin of Mrs. Coughlan's father. Mr. and Mrs. Coughlan have one son, Henry M. Coughlan, born March 5, 1885. He received a common school education and is a draftsman and civil engineer, making his home in Conneaut. HEALEY M. MANCHESTER, a well known farmer and substantial citizen of Perry township who has enjoyed a life-long identification with the progress of that portion of Lake county, comes of ancestry, especially on his mother's side, whose representatives actively participated in the pioneer progress of the Western Reserve. Tradition says that three brothers in this maternal family in an early day came from England, one settling in Connecticut, one in Vermont and one in New York, from whom all by the name of Crofoot in this country have descended. Little is known of the Manchester ancestry. Healey M. Manchester was born in Perry, Ohio, July 11, 1840, and was reared by his maternal grandfather, Benjamin Crofoot, who with the brothers Gideon and Dudley Crofoot, migrated from Cayuga county, New York, in the month of May, 1819. Benjamin settled on the South Ridge in Perry, selecting a beautiful tract about three miles east of Painesville, erecting a log house near the present site of the Methodist church, in which he lived with his family for many years. The three children of the family were Malcolm, Caroline and Phebe Jane, the last named becoming the mother of Healey M. Manchester by her marriage to LaFayette Manchester in about 1838. LaFayette Manchester was born in Cayuga county, New York, in 1814. He worked for the Geauga Iron Company after coming to this state in 1832. Phebe Jane Manchester, his wife, was born in Cayuga county, New York, in 1818. During the earlier years of the Crofoot children there was only a small clearing near the family home, which was virtually in the woods. What was known for many years as the Crofoot Tavern, and now and has been the life-long residence of Mr. Manchester, was at one time kept by a Mr. Weaver. Here was established the first postoffice in Perry township. The house burned in 1838, the present house having been erected by a Mr. Lee and occupied by William Merriman as a tavern, who in 1844 was succeeded by Mr. Crofoot. The house was closed to the public in 1867. Edwin French, father of Julius French, the multi-millionaire of New York and Wickliffe, Ohio, was also one of its landlords. The old HISTORY OF THE WESTERN RESERVE - 1849 Crofoot tavern was quite a lively place in the heydey of stage travel, and Mr. Crofoot often said that he had counted fifteen or more stages on the roads leading to and from it. William H. Seward was a guest of this well known hostelry. On February 22, 1870, Mr. Manchester was married to Dollie Annettie Cunningham, a daughter of John C. and Mariva (Rawson) Cunningham. Mrs. Manchester's paternal grandfather was a brother. of Squire Cunningham, of Madison, Lake county, who is most widely known as the justice of the peace before whom the colored fugitive, Clark, was tried—the runaway who became one of the chief characters in Mrs. Harriet Beecher Stowe's book, "Uncle Tom's Cabin." Mrs. Manchester's maternal grandfather built a good share of the original Baptist church here, probably about 1820, and the building, since remodeled, is still standing. He was drafted to serve in the war of 1812, and it became the loving duty of his wife to at once provide him with a suit of warm clothes. She therefore went into the fields, caught the prize sheep, sheared it, and herself carded the wool into rolls by hand, spun and wove a web of honest cloth and promptly met the emergency of those troublous times, while her husband met them with equal promptness abroad. These were the kind "of patriotic husbands and wives who won the war for life, liberty and the pursuit of happiness. Mr. and Mrs. Healey M. Manchester have daughter, born December 10, 1873, and who is now the wife of John Q. Adams, of Ashtabula county. A son was born to Mr. and Mrs. Adams on the 1st of September, 19o8, Mel-ford Manchester Adams, and they also have an infant son named Donald. Healey M. Manchester has affiliated with both the Greenback and Democratic parties. JOHN M. STULL, a life-long resident of the Western Reserve, was born May 16, 1823, in Liberty township, Mahoning county, and died, January 24, 1906, in Warren, Trumbull county. His parents, James and Catherine (Mcllree) Stull, were born, reared and married in Glasgow, Scotland. Immigrating to this country. they became very early settlers of the Western Reserve and took an active part in the development and advancement of the industrial interests of the new country, becoming prominent in its affairs. A man of great force of character, farsighted and progressive, the late John M. Stull was for many years one of the most influential and valuable citizens of Warren, Trumbull county, and was everywhere respected and esteemed. Deeply interested in public and local matters, he gladly encouraged the establishment of all enterprises calculated to advance the interests of the community, his influence as a man of honor and integrity being acknowledged and appreciated by his fellow-townsmen. Mr. Stull married Florilla Wolcott, a daughter of Captain Lewis and Mary (Higgins) Wolcott, early pioneers of the Western Reserve, coming to Ohio from Connecticut, their native state. Captain Wolcott was a soldier in the war of 1812, serving as captain of his company. Subsequently coming to the Reserve, he was for many successive years actively engaged in agricultural pursuits, being a leading member of the farming community of Farrington and one of its most extensive landholders. Five children were born of the union of Mr. and Mrs. Stull, namely : Two children who died in infancy ; Minnie, wife of Alfred F. Harris, of Warren ; Carrie, deceased, and Harry McKinney, deceased. Mr. and Mrs. Stull's married life was one of strong companionship. They were alike interested in public and philanthropic work, and together labored for their church, the Methodist. They were a happy, rollicking pair, and whenever they were out together there was frolic and fun. Each enjoyed a joke on the other and tales told of them and their fun are laughingly retold today. Their home was a veritable hotel, all people being welcomed. ALFRED F. HARRIS was born in Covington, Kentucky, a son of James and Hannah (Carpenter) Harris, coming on both sides of the family of English ancestry. He is a man of pronounced ability, and an important factor in the promotion of the business prosperity of Warren, where he resides, and of Niles, where he has extensive manufacturing interests. He and his younger brother, Charles, invented and improved the Harris automatic press (printing), and Mr. Harris is engaged in its manufacture and sale. He has a mechanical mind and is very popular among his friends. Mrs. Minnie Stull Harris has the business ability of her father and manages the property left her by him. As this property consists partly of farms, this' is no small task. She has been at the head of the Free Kinder- 1850 - HISTORY OF THE WESTERN RESERVE garten, and has carried it on successfully, despite much discouragement. Mr. and Mrs. Harris occupy a high social position. Alfred Stull Harris, their only child, is beginning college life. WILLIAM BARRETT COLE, engaged in the nursery business on an extensive scale, was born in Colebrook, Ohio, near which he still resides, in 1864. His ancestry mingles in his veins the English, Scotch and French blood, although the date of the establishment of the family in America is not exactly known. The Cole family has been prominent in Colebrook since 1825 when his grandfather, Gilbert Cole, removed there from Gorham, New York. He afterward went to Illinois (1865) and died in Whiteside county in that state in 1872. Gilbert Cole married Sally Owen of Colebrook in 1835, her death taking place about 1865. They were the parents of four children : Mary, William F., Dudley (died in 1880), and Cyrus who died at the age of fourteen years. Mr. Cole's father, William Franklin Cole, was born in Colebrook in 1840 and in 1861 was united in marriage to Miss Addie E. Barrett. He died four years later, in 1865, at the early age of twenty-five years. His occupation was that of a farmer. William Barrett Cole enjoyed the advantages of a good education, attending the common school at Geneva, Ohio, taking a course in a normal school and graduating in 1881 from the high school of Corry, Pennsylvania. In that same year he began his career as a nurseryman at Painesville, Ohio, in which he has enjoyed an unqualified success. He began by buying a tract of land Too acres in extent, located on Mentor avenue, about a mile and a half west of Painesville. He has since increased his acreage until it is twice its original size and devotes the land exclusively to the raising of nursery stock. In the last fifteen years Mr. Cole has expended some $15,000 on his nursery for buildings, conveniences, and improvements of all sorts. He employs from twenty to forty hands in his business according to the demands of the season, and his stock is widely and favorably known for its excellent quality. Mr. Cole is regarded as one of the most active men of the locality, entering with zeal upon whatever he undertakes. He was appointed school director at the age of twenty-one years and gave excellent service in the six or eight years of his incumbency. He is in dependent in politics, believing that the best man and the best measures should far outweigh mere partisanship. Although Mr. Cole is not a member, he affiliates with the Baptist church and has been a trustee for about eight years. In 1894 Mr. Cole laid the foundation of a happy domestic life by his marriage to Mrs. Mary Stowe Shepard of Ashtabula county. They are the parents of a family of four sons : Gilbert, born in 1895 ; William Alfred, born in 1896 ; Barrett, born in 1897 ; and Kenneth, born in 1901. JAMES HARMON SHELLEY.—Standing prominent among the substantial and active business men of Wellington, Lorain county, is James H. Shelley, proprietor of a large flour mill, and an extensive dealer in grain, lime, and other commodities. A native of Ohio, he was born, July 12, 1860, at Milford Center, Union county, of Irish parentage and ancestry. The father of James H., was born and reared in Ireland, and was there united in marriage with Ellen Manion. In 1858 he came across the seas with his bride, locating first in New York city. Coming from there to Ohio, he ran a flour mill at Milford Center for awhile, after which he lived fore a time in Cleveland, and then North Amherst, in Lorain county. His last days, however, he spent in the state of Washington, making his home with a son and daughter until his death, in 1894. Completing his school life at North Amherst, James H. Shelley there learned the miller's trade. Going to Sandusky, Erie county, in 1877, he worked in a flour mill in that city for two years, after which he was for a time similarly employed at Bellevue, Huron county. Going to New York city in 1880, Mr. Shelley was in the employ of the Hecker-Jones Company for a period of eleven years, when, in 1891, he accepted a position with the Jersey City Milling Company, at Jersey City, remaining there about six years. While there Mr. Shelley bought the Arlington Mill property in Wellington, Ohio, and in 1897 came here to assume its management. The mill was burned about nine months after he bought it, being destroyed in September, 1897, having then been in existence a half century. The plant was eventually rebuilt by the Farmers' Milling Company, of Wauseon, Minnesota. In the meantime, Mr. Shelley bought a ware- HISTORY OF THE WESTERN RESERVE - 1851 house property in Sandusky, and having improved it, traded it for the new mill in Wellington, making the deal in 1900. This plant has a capacity of 150 barrels a day, and is finely equipped with up-to-date machinery, including a roller process for making flour. In addition to milling, Mr. Shelley carries on a large and profitable mercantile business, dealing in grain, salt, lime, plaster, and building supplies of all kinds, his trade in this line extending to all parts of the county. Mr. Shelley married Jane McKernan, who was born in Sandusky, Ohio, and they are the parents of four children, namely : Nellie, wife of G. A. Gott, of Wellington ; Anna ; Jennie ; and Alice. A Democrat in politics, Mr. Shelley is active in party affairs, and has served in the City Council. He was elected a member of the Board of Public Safety in 1907, and was honored with a re-election in 1909, being the only Democrat on the board. Fraternally he joined the Ancient Free & Accepted Masons while in New York city, and is a member of two fraternal organizations of Wellington, belonging to the Knights of Pythias and to the Knights of the Maccabees. He is financially interested in a lumber firm which was organized in Missouri, the company's interests being in New Madrid county, in the southeastern part of that state. WILLIAM H. DERHAM MER.—For many years a representative agriculturist of Medina county and well known and highly respected citizen of Guilford township, William H. Derhammer was one of the extensive landholders of this part of the Western Reserve, owning four highly improved farms, and his homestead was the abode of taste and refinement, as well as of thrift and plenty. A native of Pennsylvania, he was born, August II, 1838, in Northampton county, which was likewise the birthplace of his father, Reuben Derhammer, and he passed from this life on July 29, 1909. Migrating from Pennsylvania to Ohio in 1840 Reuben Derhammer bought ninety-five acres of land in Guilford Center, Medina county, and by dint of persevering industry cleared and improved a farm, which he managed satisfactorily until his death. His wife, whose maiden name was Elizabeth Boyer, was born and bred in Pennsylvania, living in Northampton county until coming with her husband to Medina county. Attending the district schools in the days of his boyhood and youth, William H. Derhammer began at the age of sixteen years to operate a threshing machine, and was thus engaged throughout every harvesting season until 1908. He was widely known throughout the entire county for his skill in handling his machine, and was employed to thresh grain not only in his own township, but in many different sections of the county. As his means increased Mr. Derhammer wisely invested in land, becoming the owner of four farms in Guilford township, one containing one hundred acres of rich and fertile land, another containing sixty-seven acres, and the third consisting of seventy-eight acres, while the fourth has one hundred and one acres. All are well supplied with substantial buildings of all kinds and equipped with modern machinery necessary to facilitate the otherwise slow and tedious work of the farmer. He raised an abundance of all the crops common to this part of the country, but was especially noted as a wheat grower. Mr. Derhammer married in his twenty-fourth year 'Hannah Reich, who was born in Northampton county, Pennsylvania, in 1845, and came with her parents, Abram and Catherine (Miller) Reich, to Medina county when an infant. Of the children born to Mr. and Mrs. Derhammer the following is the record : Carrie, who married David Rosenberger, of Guilford township, and died in 1895 ; Samuel, who has charge of the homestead farm ; Mary C., wife of Dallas Shook ; William F., an enterprising and highly respected farmer of Guilford township, residing near the homestead farm ; Bertha, who died April 20, 1909, at the age of twenty-nine years ; Jay E., who died at the age of eighteen years, in 1905 ; and two, Steve and Charles, who died in infancy. Mrs. Derhammer has six grandchildren. She is living with her daughter-in-law, Hannah Derhammer. Mr. Derhammer was a man of recognized business ability, and was one of the organizers of the Lightning Rod Mutual Fire Protective Association of Seville, Ohio, and was at one time elected its treasurer, a position in which he served most acceptably to all concerned until his death. Religiously he was an active and valued member of the Lutheran church. ABEL W. PHELPS.—One of the venerable and honored pioneer citizens of the Western Reserve, of which he is a native son, is Mr. Phelps, who is now retired from active labors and responsibilities and who resides in the home of his daughter, Mrs. Harlan P. Gill, of 1852 - HISTORY OF THE WESTERN RESERVE Madison, Lake county. His memory links the early pioneer epoch with the gallant new twentieth century, and he has witnessed the transformation of the Western Reserve from the condition of a virtual forest wilderness into one of the most opulent and favored sections of our great national domain. He has contributed his quota to the work of development and progress and has so ordered his course as to commend himself at all times to the confidence and good will of his fellow men. Mr. Phelps was born in Thompson township, Geauga county, Ohio, on October 11, 1824, and is a son of Abel and Eleanor (West) Phelps, the former of whom was born at Box. Hamstead, Connecticut, and the latter in Springfield, that state. Both families were founded in New England in the colonial days. When Abel Phelps was a lad of eight years his parents removed to Bradford county, Pennsylvania, where he was reared and educated and where he became the owner of a farm. He there continued to reside until he had attained to his legal majority. In the autumn of 1818 he came to Ohio in company with two other Pennsylvania men, and they made the entire trip on foot. He exchanged his land in Pennsylvania for 200 acres of heavily timbered land in Thompson township, Geauga county. He here passed the winter of 1818-19 and was employed by a man named Goldsmith, who was building a house upon his farm in Madison township, Lake county,—thee place now owned by Howard Wood. In April, 1819, Mr. Phelps returned to Bradford county, Pennsylvania, where he was united in marriage to Miss Eleanor West, whose parents had removed to that county from Connecticut. He remained in the old Keystone state until 1822, when he started with his bride for his embryonic farm in the wilds of Geauga county, Ohio. The journey was made with wagons and ox teams, and in addition to the little store of household necessities he brought with him a cow and six sheep. While en route to the new home he and his wife tarried for a few days in the home of a friend residing six miles south of Erie, Pennsylvania, and while there their first child, a daughter, was born, so that the little family circle was augmented when the destination was reached. After making a suitable clearing on his land Abel Phelps there erected a primitive log house, of the type common to the pioneer days, and it was in this dwelling that the subject of this sketch was born. It may be said also that the more pre tentious house which was erected by Abel Phelps in 1839 is still standing and in a good state of preservation, being still used for residence purposes. While building his original log cabin Mr. Phelps and his family found shelter beneath the wagon box, which was turned upside down and mounted on stakes. At the time when he first came to Geauga county, in 1818, there were but twelve families .residing in Thompson township, and for a number of years after he here established his home, the residence of his nearest neighbor was fully two and one-half miles distant. He and his wife lived up to the full tension of the pioneer life, enduring their quota of hardships and vicissitudes, but having unflinching courage and being sustained by mutual affection and companionship. The rude log house represented a home in the truest sense of the term, and their children came to add life and brightness to the cheery hearth. Abel Phelps ably faced the herculean task of literally hewing out a farm in the midst of the primeval forest, and his "strength was as the number of his days." He succeeded in developing a productive farm and there his later years were passed in peace and generous comfort. In the early years the family larder was largely supplied by wild game, of which all kinds were to be had in abundance,—deer, bears, turkeys, etc. The wolves were a constant menace to the domestic animals, and it was almost impossible to protect the sheep from the depredations of these wily foes. One of the earliest recollections of Abel W. Phelps, subject of this review, was that of seeing two or more wolves start to attack his father's sheep, and as his father was absent from the house his mother valiantly took the rifle and fired at the marauders, which she thus succeeded in driving away. In 1828 Abel Phelps and his wife made their first visit to the old home in Bradford county, Pennsylvania, and during their absence his mother had the care of the home and children. He continued to reside on his old homestead until his death,—a period of sixty-seven years,—and there he died in 1884, at the patriarchal age of eighty-nine years. His life was one of earnest and honest toil and was marked by the most inflexible integrity and by other generous attributes of character. Of those who were residents of Thompson township at the time when he there took up his abode only one survived him, Esquire Charles Goodrich, who had located in the township a few years prior to his there establishing his HISTORY OF THE WESTERN RESERVE - 1853 home. His first wife died on September I2, 1839, and he later contracted a second marriage, being united to a widow, Mrs. Lucretia Coffinger, who survived him by eight years and who died in the state of Kansas, at the age of eighty-seven years. Seven children were born of the first marriage, and of the number four lived to attain years of maturity. The eldest child. Mary, never married and she died at the age of fifty years. The three now living are Abel W., to whom this article is dedicated ; Ann E., who is the widow of Rice Palmer and resides at Athens, Pennsylvania ; and Orrill, who is the wife of Luther Fanning, of Bradford county, Pennsylvania. Abel W. Phelps was reared under the conditions and influences of the pioneer epoch in the Western Reserve, and his early educational training was confined to the primitive subscription schools, which he attended during the short winter terms. During the summer seasons he aided in the work of the home farm, and he continued to be identified with its management until his marriage, at the age of twenty-seven years. He then purchased a farm of sixty acres, contiguous to that of his father, and he developed the property into one of the model farmsteads of that section. There he continued to maintain his home for nearly sixty years, and he was one of the honored and influential citizens of his native township. His devoted wife was summoned to eternal rest on April 2, 1884, and the loss of his loved companion constituted the maximum bereavement of his life. She was a woman of gentle and kindly nature and won to herself the affectionate regard of all who came within the circle of her gracious influence. Her maiden name was Sarah Brotzman and she was a native of Pennsylvania, of stanch German lineage. Tn 1885 Mr. Phelps sold the old homestead farm and went to Ellsworth county, Kansas, in company with his youngest daughter and her husband, Harlan P. Gill. There he secured a homestead claim of 16o acres of government land, and he improved the property, upon which he remained until he had secured his title to the same, under the conditions defined by the government. He returned to Ohio and makes his home with his youngest daughter, Lillian, wife of Harlan P. Gill, of Madison, Lake county, of whom specific mention is made elsewhere in this publication. In politics Mr. Phelps was originally aligned as a supporter of the Whig party, and he cast his first presidential vote for Zachary Taylor. He has been identified with the Republican party from the time of its organization and has taken a deep and intelligent interest in public affairs, though never a seeker of political office of any description. Of their children the eldest is Emma, who is now the wife of Isaac McKean, of Bradford county, Pennsylvania ; Clinton A. is county commissioner and mayor in the village of Madison, Ohio ; the maiden name of his wife was Emma Malin ; John C. is a successful farmer in Ellsworth county, Kansas ; and Lillian is the wife of Harlan P. Gill, as already stated. MRS. MARGERITE BLAINE HORNER, who resides in Friendville, Medina county, is the widow of John Horner, an old-time shoemaker, farmer and honored citizen of Lodi, who died in 1903. She is a daughter of William and Catherine (Wayne) Blaine, her father being a cousin of Honorable James G. Blaine, the distinguished statesman. Mrs. Horner lives in a comfortable home, somewhat retired, receives her pension as the widow of a brave Union soldier, and is one of the most respected residents of Friendville. She is a Pennsylvania lady, born January 25, 1837, and on October 17, 1854, she was married to John Homer. Seven children blessed their union, namely : Emma Alice Horner, born February 29, 1856, married Frank Steele on November 28, 1881, and died on December 25, 1894 ; Nellie Horner, born October 16, 1857, was married to A. J. Steele on October 18, 1877 William Horner, born December 9, 1859, lives near Lodi ; R. R. Horner, born September 17, 1861, is a jeweler, living in Townsend, Montana ; Minerva Horner, born July 26, 1863, married H. E. Albert on April 1, 1882 ; Harry Horner, born December 13, 1876, died December 18, 1882 ; and Isy Ildieary Horner, born December 13, 1874, died December 3, 1882. The late John Horner was born in Wayne county, Ohio, in the old town of Wooster, on November 18, 1830, a son of John and Rachel (Irvin) Horner, who emigrated from the home in Pennsylvania to Wooster, Ohio, when that city was composed of a few log cabins. John Horner followed his trade of tanning at that place for a number of years, and subsequently moved from Wooster to Jackson in Wayne county, where he also followed his trade for a number of years. He then moved to Lodi, where he spent the remainder of his 1854 - HISTORY OF THE WESTERN RESERVE life, dying on September 15, 1879. His wife died on January 1, 1863. James Horner, their first born, learned the tanner's trade with his father, and followed the occupation as long as did his father. He died in April, 1903. John Horner was their second son. Elizabeth Horner Henry is living near Lodi with her son, Frank, and her other son, Fred, is a farmer near by. Calvin Horner, the youngest son of John and Rachel Homer, is living west of Lodi. Mary and Harriet Horner died in young womanhood, and David and Eaton Horner were drowned while skating. John Horner, the son, learned the shoemaker's trade with Milo Loomis in Lodi, and shoemaking, the drygoods business and farming continued his life's work until he went into the army on April 4, 1864, becoming a member of the One Hundred and Sixty-sixth Ohio Infantry, Colonel Blake, of Medina, commanding. He was honorably discharged with his regiment when their term of enlistment expired, and returning then to Lodi he continued four years before his death, which occurred on his labors at the bench and in the field until April 23, 1903. Mr. Horner suffered greatly from ill health during his army life, and for four years before his death he was an invalid and was tenderly cared for by his widow. ELLIOTT KIMBALL.—The personnel of the executive corps of Ashtabula county is such as to reflect credit on the county and to maintain the high prestige always maintained by its officials. He whose name initiates this sketch is giving a most discriminating and sat-recorder and maintains his home in Conneaut, Ohio. Mr. Kimball is a native of the old Keystone state, having been born in Girard, Erie county, Pennsylvania, on May 12, 1852, and is a son of Albert T. and Mariette (Hall) Kimball, both of whom were likewise natives of Pennsylvania and both of whom are now deceased. Elliott Kimball was afforded the advantages of the public schools of his native city, including the high school, and after attaining to years of maturity he was there engaged in the mercantile business for a time. Later he was the owner of a general store at Clark Corners, Ashtabula county, Ohio, where he took up his residence in 1884 and where he served as postmaster for the long period of nineteen years. He was one of the most influential citizens of that village and that he gained un qualified popularity in Ashtabula county had sufficient voucher when, in 1901, he was elected to the office of county recorder. He assumed the duties of the office in 1902 and so satisfactory was his handling of the same that he was chosen as his own successor in 1904 and was reappointed in 1908, so that he is now serv- ing his seventh consecutive year as incumbent of this important office. While a resident of Clark Corners he rendered efficient service as justice of the peace and he wielded much influence in public affairs in the village. He has shown marked executive ability and has the affairs of his present office thoroughly systematized and effectively managed. Mr. Kimball is a member of the directorate of the Conneaut Mutual Loan & Trust Company and the Conneaut Leather Company, both representative concerns of the county, and is also a director of the Electric Respirone Company, of Cleveland. His political allegiance is given to the Republican party, in whose cause he has rendered yeoman service, and he is prominently identified with the Masonic fraternity, in which his affiliations include membership in Cache Commandery, Knights Templars and Al Koran Temple, Ancient Arabic Order of the Nobles of the Mystic Shrine, in the city of Cleveland. He and his wife hold membership in the Methodist Episcopal church. In the year 1874 was solemnized the marriage of Mr. Kimball to Miss Marian Hogle, daughter of William Hogle, of Clark Corners, Ashtabula county, Ohio, and brief record is here given concerning the five children of this union : Jennie C. is the wife of R. E. Mygatt, of Conneaut ; Ida M. is the wife of Attorney Charles L. Whitney, superintendent of the Conneaut Leather Company ; William A., who is engaged in the general merchandise business at Clark Corners, married Miss Lena Robinson ; Glenn E. is in business for himself in Corry, Pennsylvania ; and R. Floyd is a clerk in the Fauver & Walker Clothing Company, Conneaut, Ohio. WALLACE H. BULLARD, one of the agriculturists of Richmond township, has been almost a lifelong resident of Ashtabula county, prominently identified with its interests and institutions. His father, Seth Bullard, born in Massachusetts in 1794, came to Kingsville in 1832, and was a farmer of that community until his death in 185o, dying in the faith of the Congregational Church, of which he was HISTORY OF THE WESTERN RESERVE - 1855 a member and officeholder. He married Olive Chapin, also from Massachusetts, and their children were : Edward C., born in October, 1826, and died in June of 188o; Wallace H., born January 6, 1829, is married and lives in Richmond township, Ashtabula county, Ohio ; and Earle C., born February 22, 1831, in Berkshire county, Massachusetts, lives in Tuscarora, Nevada. Wallace H. Bullard attended in his youth the Kingsville Academy, and afterward taught school for two terms. In his early life he also worked in a dairy farm and made cheese, and during the Civil war period he enlisted on October 7, 1862, in the Sixth Ohio Volunteer Cavalry, Company B, of which he was later made the quartermaster sergeant, and was discharged as regimental sergeant, re-enlisting in Company K as first lieutenant, and being mustered out as captain. During his army service with the Sixth Ohio he was twice wounded in the right arm and wrist. He now has membership relations with the Grand Army of the Republic, Hiram Kile Post, No. 8o, at Andover. He has served as a trustee of Dorset township, as the assessor of both personal and public real estate and as a census enumerator. His estate contains 236 acres in Richmond township, and he is quite extensively engaged in the breeding of Holstein cattle and in dairy farming. After the close of the war he was provost marshal of Surry county, Virginia ; agent for the Freedmen's Bureau ; also administered the amnesty oath of Andrew Johnson, making treason odious to those of the Confederate States army who had a commission, so they could become citizens. Mr. Bullard married, in December of 1853, Sally Slater, born in Cherry Valley, September 25, 1828, and their children are : Rollin E., who was born in 1854, and died in 1908, was a thirty-second degree Mason and a Shriner ; Henry M., born in March of 1856, is married, and lives in Richmond township, and is a Mason ; Charlotte L., born in 1858, married Chauncey Russell, and lives in Cherry Valley, Ashtabula county ; Mr. Russell died November 25, 1909 ; William W., born in 1868, married first Miss Batelman, who died, and for his second wife he married Charlotte Fleming, who was born February 16, 1866, and he was a Master Mason at Andover, a .4 Royal Arch Mason at Jefferson, and a member of the Council at Conneaut ; Carlos S. Bullard, the youngest, is married, lives in .Washington, and is also a Mason, a Knight Templar and Shriner. Mr. Bullard, the father, is a Master Mason at Andover, a Royal Arch Mason at Jefferson, a member of Cache Commandery, K. T., at Conneaut, and of Al Koran Shrine, at Cleveland. He was also a member of the Black String Society, organized in Dorset township many years ago, and was at one time treasurer of the society. STEPHEN BALDWIN, youngest son of Stephen and Lucy Staples Baldwin, was born in Granville, Massachusetts, November 25, 1798. His parents, with their family of seven children, came to Ohio, arriving in what is now Nelson township, Portage county, in October, 1803. The winter was spent in a hunter's cabin, located on ground now belonging to the Methodist Church. They suffered great hardships and privations, and possibly starvation would have been their fate but for the aid of friendly Cayuga Indians. In the following spring the elder Stephen purchased from the Connecticut Land Company 16o acres, a part of it located on what is now known as "Nelson Ledges." A small log house was built, and here, by the light of hickory bark, with a beginning of only six week's school in the East, and a meager supply of books, Stephen Baldwin studied until he became proficient in all common English branches, being particularly correct in the use of, language. A careful reader, with a most wonderful memory, well versed in the literature of that day, notably the Bible, he was interested in the promotion of schools and colleges, believing a sound education the best possible investment for the young. He aspired to a professional life, but the care of an aged mother and crippled brother compelled him to remain upon the farm. As early as 1830 Mr. Baldwin became interested in the anti-slavery movement started by William Lloyd Garrison, and was a subscriber for the Liberator, edited by him, in 1831. In 1836 a society was formed called the "Portage County Anti-Slavery Society," probably under the auspices of the American Anti-Slavery Society, founded by Garrison in 1832. It consisted of only fourteen members, although Portage at that time was a large county, embracing not only the present number of townships but a part of what is now Summit county. Being a man of principle and fearless in his advocacy of what he thought to be right, he became a leading spirit in the unpop- 1856 - HISTORY OF THE WESTERN RESERVE ular movement. Like all reformers, he endured persecution and ridicule ; was even threatened with excommunication from the Congregational Church, of which he was a leading member. Upon one occasion, after making an anti-slavery speech in Garrettsville, lie was mobbed with stale eggs by a gang of men, and the same night a posse of men were hidden under a bridge just south of the center, awaiting his coming with tar and feathers. After the riot at the close of the meeting, he accompanied Edward Clark to his home in Windham to obtain some necessary papers, having been appointed organizer of branch societies in the different townships of Portage and Geauga county, and returned home by another route, thus frustrating their fiendish plans. People in the twentieth century will ask, could such intolerance have existed on the Western Reserve in the nineteenth century ? Previous to 1840, a few noble men rallied to Mr. Baldwin's support — Nelson Bierce, Horatio Taylor, Elisha Taylor, Garrett Gates, Orrin Smith, and a few others, who greatly relieved the open persecution. Those local societies were the "grain of mustard" which the Liberty party and later the Free Soil party grew. Stephen Baldwin did not live to see the triumph of the cause for which he labored, as December 28, 1847, ended his short but useful life. JOHN M. BLAKESLEE was born on the same farm and in the same house where he now lives, born September 4, 1856, to the marriage union of Samuel E. and Elizabeth (Delano) Blakeslee. Samuel E. Blakeslee was the first white male child born in Colebrook township, his natal day being the 16th of May, 1821, and his parents were Joel and a Miss (Emmett) Blakeslee, who had come from Colebrook, Connecticut, in 1819, and they named the township after their old eastern home. Joel Blakeslee was a teacher in Connecticut, teaching both a singing and day school, and in Ashtabula county lie connected himself with educational work in New Lebanon and in New Lyme during the winter of 1819-20. His father and brother had bought a large tract of land in Colebrook township, and the former, Colonel Samuel Blakeslee, a colonel in the war of 1812, gave to Joel Blakeslee a part of this tract. He was then thirty-two years of age and the father of two children. Choosing a good building site on the highest point of his land he spent the first night here under a tree, with a blanket for covering, and on the following day the New Lyme people, three miles distant, came to help him erect his log cabin. The Gee family were his nearest neighbors, and during the first winter here, while teaching in New Lyme, he cut his foot very severely. Joel Blakeslee made his farm his home during the remainder of his life, and in his later years he compiled the history of Ashtabula county, but it was destroyed with the burning of the court house. Later, however, he recompiled this history, and it was sent to the Historical Society of the Western Reserve. He helped organize the first temperance movement here, and in the earlier years of the history of the township he served in many of its offices. He played the tenor viol in church, where he also taught singing. He became one of the most prominent men of Colebrook township in his day, and he died in December of 1863, the father of three sons and four daughters : Sarah, who married James Williams, of Cherry Valley, and died at the age of seventy-five years ; Harriet, who married Lorenzo Saunders, of Colebrook township, and she died at the age of fifty ; Samuel, mentioned below ; Adam, who lived at Colebrook and died at the age of seventy-eight, and his wife wrote the history of Colebrook ; Nancy, who married Sylvester Perrin and died when sixty-five years of age ; Samuel, also of Colebrook, died at the age of seventy-four ; and. Mary, who married William Addicott, lived in Trumbull county and died at the age of seventy, being the last surviving member of the family. Samuel Blakeslee lived in Colebrook township throughout his entire life, his life's span covering fifty years, and he died on the 13th of August, 1905. His wife Elizabeth died in 1883. She was born at Hayfield in Mercer county, Pennsylvania, but came to Ohio in her early girlhood days, and was married at the age of nineteen. Samuel Blakeslee was prominently identified with the public life of his community, and was a valued church member. The family of Samuel and Elizabeth Blakeslee numbered three children, two sons and a daughter. The latter, Emarilla, died at the age of sixteen, in 1861, of diphtheria. She was educated at a select school and had taught during the summer previous to her death. Samuel Horace, born July 26, 1852, left home at the age of sixteen, and afterward taught both vocal and instrumental music for two years. He is a graduate of the Oberlin HISTORY OF THE WESTERN RESERVE - 1857 Conservatory of Music, and also taught there for a time. During fourteen years he was in charge of the musical department of Wesleyan University, and then going to Denver, Colorado, had charge of the musical department of the University of Denver for five years, and has since been in Cleveland, a real estate dealer and a railroad and oil promoter. He has been very successful in his business as well as professional life. John M. Blakeslee, with the exception of eight years spent in Jefferson and in Delaware, Ohio, has been a life-long resident of the old Blakeslee homestead in Colebrook township. During the past eleven years he has been a traveling salesman in Western Pennsylvania and eastern Ohio, and during the past six years he has been interested in gold mining properties in the Black Hills and Colorado. He is the secretary of the Black Hills and Denver Gold Mining Company, capitalized at two million dollars, and the stock is largely owned by Ashtabula county men. The company have two stamp mills, one in the Black Hills and one in Colorado. He married in 1878 Simildia Jerauld, who died in 1891, leaving three children : Jessie M., the wife of Wells Knowlton, of New Lyme ; Bessie I. Story, of Cleveland, and Horace Birney, living on part of the Blakeslee farm. In 1892 Mr. Blakeslee married Cornelia S. Smith, from Jefferson, Ohio, and a son, John Harold, has been born to them. FRED F. THOMAS.—One of the most active, respected and accomplished members of the Ohio bar is Fred F. Thomas, a leading attorney of Elyria. He was born May 29, 1859, on the old Thomas homestead, in Rochester township, Lorain county, a son of De Grasse and Harriet Thomas. He comes of distinguished New England ancestry, and of loyal stock, his great-grandfathers on both sides of the house having been soldiers in the Revolutionary war, and being directly descended on the mother's side from the General Schuyler of Saratoga fame, while both of his grandfathers were soldiers and pensioners of the war of 1812. Early manifesting a love for books, Mr. Thomas was given excellent educational advantages, attending first the district school, then the Wellington High School, later Oberlin College. Entering then the University of Michigan, he was graduated from its law department with the class of 1882, and at once began the practice of his profession in Elyria. Entirely changing his plans in 1885, Mr. Thomas went south, and for two years was engaged in cattle ranching in Arkansas. In November, 1887, he became attorney for the United States Antimony Company, a mining corporation, and held the position a year. Resigning it in 1888, he was for about four years engaged in the practice of his profession in the Fourth Judicial District of Arkansas. On January 1, 1893, Mr. Thomas returned to Elyria, and the following June received the Republican nomination for the office of prosecuting attorney for Lorain county, and was subsequently elected by a handsome majority. He served as chairman of the County Republican Committee during 1894, 1895, 1896, and 1897, and in the latter year was renominated by acclamation for prosecuting attorney, and received the election. Early in 1898 Mr. Thomas was appointed by Governor Asa S. Bushnell a member of the commission of three authorized by the legislature to examine and promote in connection with like committees from the other states a uniform divorce la*, and a plan of uniform commercial paper and procedure. Later he resigned from this commission to accept appointment as member of the board of managers of the Ohio State Reformatory where he rendered distinguished service, being very active in the adoption of progressive methods in prison reform and administration especially in the abolishing of corporal punishment and in the adoption of manual training. On October 28, 1885, Mr. Thomas married Fannie E., daughter of William L. and Frances (Perry) Smith, of Elyria. To this union was born Mary S. Thomas, Helen S. Thomas and Schuyler S. Thomas. Wm. L. Smith was born in Mowsley, Leicestershire, England. Coming to this country at seventeen years of age he entered Oberlin College and was graduated from that institution in 1847. Frances Perry, daughter of Horatio Perry, a pioneer of Lorain county and near relative of Commodore O. H. Perry, was born in Elyria, Ohio, in 1829. Her mother was Harriet Smith, daughter of Jonathan and Abigail Smith of Amherst, Massachusetts. DAVID Z. NORTON.-A native son of the city of Cleveland, who has well upheld the prestige of a name honored in the history of the city and state and who has marked by distinctive personal accomplishment a place of his own in 1858 - HISTORY OF THE WESTERN RESERVE connection with economic, industrial and social affairs in the state's metropolis, is David Z. Norton, president of the Citizens' Savings & Trust Company. When it is stated that he is of the eighth generation of the family in America, it will at once be understood that he is a scion of a family whose name has been identified with the annals of our national history since the early colonial epoch. He is likewise a representative of one of the honored pioneer families of the Western Reserve, with whose civic and material development and progress the name has been prominently and influentially concerned. An enormous amount of vital strength has been used In the upbuilding of the city of Cleveland, and the commercial and industrial growth of the Ohio metropolis has been of the most substantial order. Within the past decade the advance has been almost marvelous, and it represents the direct result of the combined efforts and powers of its representative business men, among whom the subject this sketch occupies a prominent and secure place. He has been long identified with the financial and industrial interests in his native city and his prominence is evidenced by his position as president of one of the greatest financial institutions of the state. David Z. Norton was born in the city of Cleveland, on the 1st of June, 1851, and is a son of Washington A. and Caroline (Harper) Norton. The American genealogy in the agnatic line is traced back to Nicholas Norton, who was born in 1610 and died in 169o. He was a son of William Norton of Sharpenhow, in Bedfordshire, England, and was directly descended from the Seigneur de Norville, a sturdy Norman, who was Constable to William the Conqueror and who accompanied that gallant commander on his invasion of England, in 1066. The pedigree chart, made on parchment, in 1632, of the Nortons of Sharpenhow was in the possession of Professor Charles Eliot Norton, of Cambridge. Nicholas Norton came to America about 163o and settled at Weymouth, Massachusetts, where lands were deeded to him in 1643. He was elected town officer of Weymouth on the 2d of April, 1646. He became one of the first white settlers of Martha's Vineyard, Massachusetts, and there he maintained his home at Edgartown as early as 1662 ; there his death occurred in 1690. His brother, the Reverend John Norton, of Ipswich, Massachusetts, became pastor of the historic old First Church, in Boston, retaining this incumbency until his death, in 1663. The christian name of the wife of Nicholas Norton was Elizabeth but the records failed to indicate her family name. She died at Edgartown in the same year as her husband. Benjamin Norton, youngest son of Nicholas, is next in line of direct descent to the subject of this sketch. He was born in 1659 and his wife bore the name of Hannah. Their son Nicholas, of Martha's Vineyard, was united in marriage in 1709 to Martha Daggett, granddaughter of Governor Thomas Mayhew, of Martha's Vineyard. Their son, Jabez Norton, was born on the 15th of October, 1714, at Edgartown, where, on the 9th of February, 1736, he married Elizabeth Allen, daughter of Ichabod Allen, of Tisbury, Martha's Vineyard. Their son, Elijah Norton, was born at Edgar-town, on the 16th of February, 1739, and he served in the war of the Revolution as a membe of a regiment of Sea-coast Defense Guards, from Duke's county. He first married Free-love Burroughs and after her death he contracted a second marriage at New Braintree, Massachusetts, on the 25th of November, 1776, with Hannah West. He died in New Braintree on the 6th of November, 1815. Zadock Norton, son of Elijah and Hannah (West) Norton, was born at Dartmouth, Massachusetts, on the 8th of February, 1778, and on April 22, 1801, he married Catherine, daughter of David and Martha (Faulkner) Carr, of Cambridge, New York. His wife was born on the 15th of November, 1780, and died September 6, 187o. He passed the closing years of his life in Cleveland, Ohio, where he died on the 24th of November, 1848. The eldest son of this union was Washington Adams Norton, father of the subject of this review. Washington Adams Norton was born at Cambridge, Washington county, New York, on the 6th of February, 1808, and was reared and educated in the old Empire state. As a young man he came to Ohio and located at Clyde, Ashtabula county, where he built and operated the first blast furnace in northern Ohio. In 1845 he removed to Cleveland and he was one of the active business men and influential citizens of the embryonic metropolis until his death, which occurred on the 22d of December, 1855. In politics he was originally a Whig, but he identified himself with the Republican party at the time of its organization, only a short time prior to his demise. He was a prominent member of the Independent Order of Odd Fellows and both he and his HISTORY OF THE WESTERN RESERVE - 1859 wife were members of the Presbyterian church. At Harpersfield, Ashtabula county, on the 15th of October, 1839, Washington Adams Norton married Caroline Harper, who was born in that place on the 25th of May, 1820, and who died in the city of Cleveland, on the 7th of August, 1890. She was a daughter of John A. Harper, who was born at Harpersfield, New York, on the 30th of March, 1774, and who died at Harpersfield, Ohio, on the 3oth of October, 1841. He married Miss Loraine Miner at Harpersfield, Ohio, on September 29, 1802. John A. Harper was a son of Alexander Harper, who was born at Middletown, Connecticut, February 22, 1744, and who died at Harpersfield, Ohio, September 10, 1798. This honored ancestor was a lieutenant-colonel in the war of the Revolution and was an intimate friend of the famous Indian Chief, Joseph Brandt, by whom his life was saved when he was captured by the Indians and British. Alexander Harper and his four brothers obtained a grant of twenty-two thousand acres of land in what is now Delaware county, New York. This concession was granted in 1769 and the grant was given by King George III. The five brothers all served in the Continental army during the Revolution and attained marked prominence in the annals of New York. Alexander Harper secured a grant of land in the Western Reserve and removed from Harpers-field, New York, to Ashtabula county, Ohio, where he founded the town of Harpersfield, in 1798, naming the same in honor of his former home in New York. The maiden name of his wife was Elizabeth Bartholomew. He was a son of John Harper, who was born August 10, 1705, in Newtown-Limavaddy, county of Derry, Ireland. John Harper was a son of James and Jannet (Lewis) Harper and a grandson of Sir Joseph Harper, and came to America in 1720 where he was married, in 1728, in Boston, to Abigail Montgomery ; they removed to Windsor, Connecticut, and in 1754 established their home at Cherry Valley, New York, from which place they removed to Harpersfield, in 1769. David Z. Norton was born and reared in the city of Cleveland, which has always been his home and the scene of his earnest and well-directed endeavors. He was educated at the public schools. He has received the honorary degree of Master of Arts from Kenyon College, at Gambier, Ohio. On the 1st of April, k868, Mr. Norton started his banking career in the Commercial National Bank of Cleveland. Careful and effective service won him promotion and he was appointed cashier of the bank in 1873, a position which he retained for seventeen years. He resigned this office on the 1st of May, 1890, to enter the iron-ore business in partnership with Earl W. Oglebay, with whom he became associated under the firm name of Oglebay, Norton & Company. This enterprise has grown to be one of the largest and most important concerns identified with the iron-ore business in the entire country and the firm operates many mines in the Lake Superior district. Mr. Norton has continued his active interest in banking and it is sketch tot for the purposes of this sketch to merely note his important connections in this line. He is trustee for the Society for Savings and is a member of the directorate for the National Commercial Bank ; the Bank of Commerce, N. A. ; the Woodland Avenue Savings & Trust Company ; the Bankers' Surety Company ; and the Citizens' Savings & Trust Company. For several years Mr. Norton was president of the Citizens' Savings and Loan Association and after its consolidation with two of the other large banks of the city he was elected first vice-president of the combined institutions, an incumbency which he retained until the 1st of January, 1910, when he was elected president of the Citizens' Savings & Trust Company, of which he had been first vice-president, as already noted. This is the largest trust company in Ohio and bases its operations on a combined capital and surplus of six and a half million dollars and deposits of over forty million dollars. Mr. Norton is recognized as one of Cleveland's leading capitalists and gives largely and generously of his means each year to the support of the various charitable and benevolent organizations of the city, while his private benefactions,. invariably of the most unostentatious order, have been extended with utmost liberality and discrimination. He is vice-president of the Cleveland Storage Company, vice-president and treasurer of the Commonwealth Iron Company, treasurer of the Castile Mining Company, treasurer of the Brule Mining Company, treasurer of the Reserve Mining Company, treasurer of the Fort Henry Mining Company, treasurer of the Bristol Mining Company and director in each of the above corporations, as well as in the Norton Transit Company, the Miller Transit Company, the Hanna Transit Company, the Baker Motor Vehicle Company: and the National Refining Company. 1860 - HISTORY OF THE WESTERN RESERVE In politics Mr. Norton has always accorded a staunch allegiance to the Republican party, though he has had no desire for public office. He is a trustee of Kenyon College, at Gambier, Ohio ; of Adelbert College ; of Western Reserve University ; of the University School, of Cleveland, of which he was treasurer for many years ; of the Cleveland School of Art ; of the Cleveland Art Museum ; of the Lake View Cemetery Association ; of the Huron Road Hospital ; and is identified with many other prominent organizations that stand representative in their various provinces. He was a charter member of the famous Troop A, now part of the Ohio National Guard, and is a trustee of the Troop A Armory, besides which he is a member of the military committee of the Chamber of Commerce, in which organization lie is also a member of the associated charities' committee. He is trustee of the Western Reserve Historical Society and is chairman of its finance committee ; is an active member of the Cleveland Chamber of Commerce ; and is a valued member of the executive committee of the Merchant Marine League. He is president of the Union Club, the oldest social organization in the city ; is a former president of the Country Club; is a fellow of the Rowfant Club, a booklover's club ; and holds membership in the University Club, the Euclid Club, the Mayfield Club, the Chagrin Valley Hunt Club, the Cleveland Gun Club, the Castilia Sporting Club, and the Winous Point Shooting Club. Mr. and Mrs. Norton are communicants of the Protestant-Episcopal Church and have long been prominent in the various departments of the work of the parish of St. Paul's Church, of whose vestry he has been a valued member for many years. Mr. Norton is a member of the board of trustees of the diocese of Ohio and a member of its finance committee. He is also a trustee of the Church Home and of the Floating Bethel, two important charitable organizations in Cleveland. On the 11 th of October, 1876, at St. John's Church in Cleveland, was solemnized the marriage of Mr. Norton to Miss Mary Castle, daughter of William B. and Mary H. (Newell) Castle. Mrs. Norton received her education at the Cleveland Academy, in Lausanne, Switzerland, and at Vassar College. Her father, the Hon. William B. Castle, was for many years president of the Cuyahoga Steam Furnace Company and served as mayor of Ohio City. After the consolidation of Ohio City with Cleveland he was elected the first mayor of the combined cities, in 1853. He was prominent and influential in business, political and social affairs and was one of the honored pioneers of the Western Reserve. Among the ancestors of Mrs. Norton are many names of prominence, including those of Nathaniel Newell of the Supreme Court of Vermont, the Hon. William Williams, one of the signers of the Declaration of Independence, Governor Simon Bradstreet and Governor Thomas Dudley, of Massachusetts, and the Reverend John Cotton. In conclusion of this review are entered brief data concerning the children of Mr. and Mrs, Norton. Miriam Norton was born in Cleveland on the 19th of March, 1878, and her educational training was secured in the Hathaway-Brown School, of this city, in Miss Hersey's School, in Boston, and Madame de Morinni's School, in the city of Paris. On the 25th of June, 1910, in her native city, she was married to Fred Rollin White, of Cleveland. Robert Castle Norton was born in Cleveland on the 28th day of December, 1879, and was educated at the University School in his native city and at Yale University, in which he was graduated as a member of the class of 1902, with the degree of Bachelor of Arts. He is now secretary and treasurer of the Baker Motor Vehicle Company. Laurence Harper Norton was born in Cleveland on the 8th of May, 1888. He was educated at the University School and in 1910 was graduated from Yale University, with the B. A. degree. At the time of this writing, in the autumn of 1910, he is a student at the Harvard Graduate School, at Cambridge, Massachusetts. Mr. Norton has always been a patron and lover of music and art, and he has a fine and valuable collection of paintings. His extensive library includes many rare first editions and he also has a very large and interesting collection of books, prints and relics pertaining to Napoleon Bonaparte. The family has long been one of distinctive prominence in connection with the best social activities of Cleveland and the beautiful home is the center of gracious and refined hospitality. LIBERTY E. HOLDEN was born in Raymond, Cumberland county, Maine, June 20, 1834, and is descended from Puritan ancestry. The Holden family, of English origin, was established in Massachusetts in 1634 by Richard and Justinian Holden. HISTORY OF THE WESTERN RESERVE - 1861 When sixteen years of age Liberty E. Holden became a teacher in the public schools and at eighteen years taught select schools in the neighboring village. At twenty years of age he taught district schools in Massachusetts and at twenty-one years was prepared for college. His labors enabled him to pay a year's tuition in college, but he decided to spend that year in teaching and during the period he taught select schools at Denmark and at Lovell, and the high school at Bridgton Center, Maine. He was, by this means, enabled to pay for a two year's college course at Waterville College, Maine. When he had completed his sophomore year he decided to continue his college work in the University of Michigan. Thus, he allied himself with the West. He had deter. mined to make his home in that part of the country, believing that its opportunities were superior to those of the older and more thickly settled East. Presenting a certificate of standing from the Waterville College in the fall of 1856, he was at once admitted to the University of Michigan. He completed the last two years of his college life and also taught one of the Union schools of Ann Arbor in 1857. Af ter his graduation in 1858 and upon the recommendation of the University faculty, he was given the professorship of rhetoric and English literature in Kalamazoo College, Michigan. This post he held for three years. In August, 1860, Mr. Holden married Miss Delia E. Bulkley, of Kalamazoo, and the following year he was elected superintendent of the public schools of Tiffin, Ohio, where he remained about two years. During his residence in Kalamazoo and in Tiffin he studied law, and in order to complete his law studies he came to Cleveland in 1862 and entered the office of Judge J. P. Bishop, who directed his reading until his admission to the bar in 1863. He thought at that time to devote his entire life to law practice, but became interested in real estate and soon gave his entire time to this business. In 1873 Mr. Holden became interested in iron mines in Lake Superior and was manager of the Pittsburg and Lake Angeline in 18731874. His investments also extended to mining property near Salt Lake City, Utah, which he purchased in 1874. He built large furnaces, concentrating and leaching works and became one of the largest operators in that section of the country. It was through his mining operations in Utah that he attained the greater part of his wealth, although his mining interests in Lake Superior and his real estate investments in Cleveland were also a source of substantial profit. His knowledge of practical and scientific mining made him the logical delegate of the Utah Mine Protective Association, when it became necessary to send some one to Washington in 1882 to represent their interests before congress. His presentation of .the situation, its conditions and its possibilities brought the matter so forcibly before the national legislators that the mining interests of the West were saved from ruin which would have inevitably have followed the reduction of the tariff as then proposed. In 1885, serving as delegate to the National Bimetallic Association in Washington, he was made chairman of its executive committee. He owns the Cleveland Plain Dealer by owning the stock of the Plain Dealer Publishing Company. In his position as president of the company, he has done not a little to make it the leading democratic paper of the state, and one of the best journals of America. Mr. Holden is also well known as the builder and owner of The Hollenden Hotel. The name of this hostelry is the name of his father's family as it stood in the old Saxon times and in the record of estates made by William the Conqueror in Domesday book. Mr. Holden is president of the Hollenden Hotel Company, the Plain Dealer Publishing Company, the Maple Leaf Land Company, the Hub Transfer & Storage Company ; director of the First. National Bank, of Cleveland, the Cleveland Transfer & Carriage Company, the Western Reserve Insurance Company, the Haskins Realty Company and the Lennox Realty Company ; vice-president of the Western Reserve Historical Society ; trustee of the Western Reserve University, Adelbert College and Lake View Cemetery Association ; member of the building committee of the Cleveland Museum of Art, the National Municipal League, the Municipal Association, of Cleveland, the American Institute of Mining Engineers, the Rowfant, University, Union and Country clubs of Cleveland, and the Alta Club, of Salt Lake City. He is mayor of Bratenahl Village, Ohio. ROLLIN S. WEBB, senior member of the firm of Webb & Webb, attorneys-at-law, is one of the representative and influential citizens of Ravenna and a man whose worth and ability are recognized beyond the limits of his native Portage county. In this day when it is almost a distinction 1862 - HISTORY OF THE WESTERN RESERVE for an American citizen to have had an American grandfather, Mr. Webb's ancestry is interesting. His grandfather, John Webb, was born at Salem, New York, in 1745, and was of Scotch descent. Early in life he removed to Corfu, Genesee county, New York, and became a farmer of consequence, owning one of the largest and best farms in that county. He was a stanch patriot and served with some distinction in the war of 1812. He is buried at Pembroke, New York, where a monument erected to his memory recounts his services as a soldier. He lived to the advanced age of ninety-five years. Mr. Webb's father, James Webb, was a physician, born in Genesee county, New York, February 26, 1799. He came to Freedom, Portage county, Ohio, about the year 1835, and there for twenty years engaged in the practice of medicine. His death occurred in Freedom in 1853. He was a graduate of Batavia College, a member of the Presbyterian church and a loyal adherent of the Democratic party. The mother, Eliza Landfear Webb, was a daughter of David Landfear, and a niece of Colonel Bissell, a Revolutionary officer. Her ancestors came from England and many of them served with distinction in the war between the mother country and the colonies. The birth of Rollin S. Webb occurred in Freedom township, Portage county. He received his education in the common schools and supplemented this with three year' attendance at an academy. As is the case with so much of America's best citizenship, his early days were spent upon the homestead farm. At the age of eighteen he left home and secured employment in a furnishing store in Youngstown. At the end of a year (in 1864) he enlisted in Company H. One Hundred and Fifty-Fifth Ohio Volunteer Infantry and served in the Army of the Potomac under General Ulysses S. Grant in the sieges of Richmond and Petersburg, and it was doubtless a matter of gratification to him to add a record of personal patriotism to the fine Webb chronicle. After his discharge from the army, Mr. Webb taught school for one winter in Ravenna township, and then went to Trumbull county where he devoted his time for two years to the study of dentistry. He then located in Garrettsville and for a time followed the dental profession from which he subsequently retired for the purpose of studying law. He was admitted to the practice of law in 188o by the Supreme Court of Ohio at the state capitol, Columbus, and was afterwards admitted to practice in the United States courts. He has been in continuous practice in Portage county ever since his admission to the bar. He has for the past several years been president of the Portage County Bar Association. While living in Garrettsville he was mayor for three successive terms and before he became an attorney was justice of the peace. He gives his heart and hand to the men and measures of the Republican party and is a thorough altruist, working for the greatest good to the greatest number. Mr. Webb has attained to high rank in Masonry and for two terms was Worshipful Master of the Garrettsville Lodge, No. 246, A. F. &. A. M. He is also a member of the Benevolent and Protective Order of Elks. On October 12, 1871, Lovina F. Gilson became the wife of Mr. Webb. She was the daughter of Williard H. and Sylvia (Frisby) Gilson, both of whom were natives of Vermont. She received her education in the Garrettsville schools, graduating from the high school and afterward attending Hiram College. This union was blessed by the birth of a son, Roscoe J. Webb, May, 1875. He was graduated from the Garrettsville high school and completed his studies at Hiram College. He is now a practicing lawyer, located at Garrettsville, and is a partner with his father under the firm name of Webb & Webb, with offices in both Ravenna and Garrettsville. Theirs is one of the leading law firms of Portage county. The first Mrs. Webb died in August, 1907, and in December, 1908, Mr. Webb was united in marriage to her sister, Mrs. Josephine F. Frazer, of Ravenna. She also was a graduate of the Garrettsville high school and completed her education at Oberlin College. She afterward for two years acted as assistant teacher in the Garrettsville high school, later teaching in the public schools of Ravenna. She was the widow of Edward W. Frazer. Her son, W. H. Frazer, a graduate of the Western Reserve Academy, resides in Houston, Texas, and serves in a business capacity with the publishers of the Texas Magazine, issued at that place. The history of the Gilson family to which Mr. Webb's wives belong is exceptionally interesting. Another member of it is Norman S., who was colonel of a Wisconsin regiment in the Civil war. At the close of the conflict HISTORY OF THE WESTERN RESERVE - 1863 he was appointed judge advocate of the department of Mississippi. He was circuit judge in Wisconsin for eighteen years and is now at the head of the state tax commission of Wisconsin with office in the state house at Madison. Lucius, another brother who died soon after the war, was a member of the famous. Twenty-third Regiment of Ohio Volunteer Infantry of which President William McKinley was major, his service extending over three years. A third brother, Franklin L., former speaker of the house of representatives of Wisconsin, and afterwards judge of the Superior Court of Milwaukee, died suddenly of heart disease in 1892 in Milwaukee. Other members are Flavilla M., wife of Captain P. S. Tinan of Garrettsville, and Anna S., wife of W. H. Warman, a resident of Ravenna. The military record of the ancestors of the Gilson family is quite remarkable. Their great-grandfather, Daniel Gilson Sr., and their grandfather, Daniel Gilson Jr., were both soldiers of the Revolutionary war, as was likewise their maternal grandfather, Luther Frisby. Daniel Gilson Jr. and Luther Frisby are buried in the cemetery at Mesopotamia, Ohio, with Revolutionary crosses at their graves. Daniel Gilson Jr. at the age of fourteen was one of the defenders of Bunker Hill at his father's side and continued to serve throughout the immortal struggle. The patriot sire faced the soldiers of George III until his death at Schenectady, New York, in 1778. He was a private in the company of minutemen who marched on the alarm of April 19 after the Battle of Lexington to headquarters at Cambridge, Massachusetts. He was also a corporal in Captain Abijah Wyman's company and later sergeant in Colonel Prescott's regiment with the eight months' men at the siege of Boston in 1775. He served again as sergeant in Colonel Rufus Putnam's regiment in 1777. He died January 13, 1778, after serving with General Gates in all the battles with Burgoyne until the surrender of the latter. The son, Daniel Gilson Jr., enlisted regularly with his father in the Continental army and endured all the hardships of service until the surrender of Cornwallis. He came to Middlefield, Geauga county, Ohio, with his family in 1818, and lived here until his death in 1845, at the age of eighty-four years. The farm which he cleared from the virgin forests of Middlefield has never passed from the family and is now owned by Thomas H. Gilson. Both he Vol. III-38 and his father were natives of Groton, Massachusetts. Mrs. Josephine Webb is an active member of the Old North West Chapter (Ravenna, Ohio) of the Daughters of the American Revolution, her splendid ancestral record and her personal gifts combining to make her one of the most prominent members. To conclude, Mr. Webb is a thorough student of the law with large experience and success, especially in the trial of cases, both civil and criminal. He is an effective speaker, his eloquence being of a convincing sort. He and his family are a valuable adjunct to Portage county. JOHN STAMBAUGH FORD was born in the city of Omaha, Nebraska, on the 5th of September, 1856, and his death occurred at Ormond Beach, Florida, on the 8th of April, 1893. He had gone south with his family, was himself in perfect health, but was stricken with fever. He was a son of General James H. and Arabella (Stambaugh) Ford, and his grandparents on the maternal side were John and Sarah (Bower) Stambaugh, early pioneers of Mahoning county. Julia Tod, daughter of Judge George Tod and sister of David, were his paternal grandparents. His father was a gallant officer in the Union army and a brilliant man in civil life. John S. Ford was about ten years old when his family moved to Youngstown, and was educated in the public schools. He gained his early experience in business lines through his association with the various enterprises conducted by his uncle, the late John Stambaugh, and was able to profit by this instruction. He was one of the promoters of what is known as the Youngstown Dry Goods Company and was interested principal in the same until the time of his death. He was president of the Opera House Company of this city ; was a large stockholder in the Union Iron & Steel Company and the Falcon Nail & Iron Company, representing two of the important industrial enterprises of Youngstown. He also accumulated various and prominent mining interests in the far west. He was especially successful in his various associations, showing marked administrative and initiative ability, and was in the very prime of his strong and useful manhood when he was summoned from the scene of life's activities. Though the cares and responsibilities of his business affairs were large and exacting, Mr. Ford's interests in charitable, benevolent and 1864 - HISTORY OF THE WESTERN RESERVE social agencies was of the most loyal and insistent order. He was one of the most prominent supporters of the Young Men's Christian Association, of Youngstown, and contributed, with liberality and personal zeal, to the advancement of the usefulness of this noble organization. His ideas in this regard are being well carried out by his wife and his accomplished daughter, Helen Wick Ford, in their work with the Y. W. C. A. It is mostly due to his efforts and tangible assistance that the present beautiful building of the association was erected, and the same will long stand as a monument to his generosity and effective labors in behalf of a worthy cause. His personal benevolences were given in consonance with the Scriptural aphorism, "Let not thy left hand know what thy right hand doeth," and his tolerance and human sympathy were of the most insistent order. He possessed an optimistic nature and had the keen wit of his family. No gathering of friends was dull if he were present. He was the youngest of his family and beloved by them all, and cheer and good will followed his steps. His political support was given to the Republican party, and he was one of the most zealous and devout members of the First Presbyterian Church of Youngstown, with which his wife also has long been prominently identified. Mrs. Ford was Harriet Wick, daughter of the late Paul and Susan A. (Bull) Wick, of Youngtown. Her father was born in Mahoning county, Ohio, on the 1st of October, 1824, and was a son of Henry and Hannah (Baldwin) Wick, whose marriage was solemnized on the 11th of December, 1794. Soon after this event they took up their residence in Washington county, Pennsylvania, where Henry Wick was engaged in mechanical pursuits until 1801, when he removed to Youngstown, Ohio, becoming one of the first settlers of this now thriving city, to which his father-in-law, Caleb Baldwin, had preceded him. Henry Wick became one of the prominent business men of Youngstown, and his store, located on the southeast corner of Federal and Phelps streets, was a landmark of the county for more than forty years. He died on the 4th of November, 1845, and his cherished and devoted wife passed away in 1849. Mrs. Ford was born in 1861 ; attended the schools of Youngstown ; has also studied at Mrs. Mittleberger's in Cleveland, and spent a year in study and travel abroad. She and John S. Ford were married June 8, 1887, and their daughter, Helen Wick, was born July 31, 1889. She studied at the Misses Master's School, Dobb's Ferry, and has traveled and studied in Europe. She and her mother each strive to make up, as far as possible to each other, that which they lost in the husband and father. Miss Wick has largely the nature of her father and is a daughter of the long line of Wicks, Tods, Stambaughs and Fords. JAMES MCCAY RENO was born May 10, 1838, in Rochester, Beaver county, Pennsylvania. Lewis Renault (Americanized Reno), French Huguenot, departed from France for Brazil, about the time of the "Revocation of the Edict of Nantes, (A. D., 1685)" with ancestors of Huger and Marion and other Huguenot families, about the year 171o, with the intention of establishing a Huguenot colony in Brazil ; but were prevented by a severe storm, which did much damage to their ship and to repair which the captain determined to land at the nearest port in North America, which proved to be Charleston, South Carolina. When the ship was repaired, many of the former passengers, reluctant to again trust themselves to a sea voyage, remained in South Carolina, of whom Lewis was one. With his five sons, he changed locations from time to time, and we find, them in Prince William county, Virginia, of which one of the five sons, Lewis, was sheriff ; another, by the name of Enoch, was commissioned to sell glebe lands, and Lewis, a corporal, doing service in the French-Indian war, from the same county, received 2,046 pounds of tobacco for his service. John's name appears in a list of the vestry of St. Peter's parish, New Kent county, Virginia. The ancestor of James McKay Reno was John, one of the five sons of Lewis mentioned above. He was born in 1696, and died in 1800, at the good age of one hundred and four years. He was said to be a very active man up to the time of his death, and an especial friend of Colonel John Savier, the great Indian fighter, and governor of Tennessee. They lived together in a place called Mud Creek and were intimate friends, having known each other in Virginia. He married Susannah Thorn, November 17, 1737, and they were the parents of eleven children. One of these was the Reverend Francis, born February 7, 1758, who died August 12, HISTORY OF THE WESTERN RESERVE - 1865 1836, at his home in Rochester, Beaver county, Pennsylvania, and was buried in Beavertown cemetery. This was the grandfather of James M. Reno. He was a soldier in the Revolutionary war and served on the frontier (records in the archives at Harrisburg, Pennsylvania. See 2d series Vol. XIV ; pages 7345) . After his discharge he returned home and continued his studies, reciting to Dr. McMillan, at the latter's home. Afterwards Francis Reno continued his studies under the same tutor in a log cabin, called the Latin School. It was known by that name throughout the country, and was the forerunner of Jefferson College, Canonsburg, Pennsylvania. This is all the more interesting, as Mr. McMillan was a Presbyterian and Mr. Reno was an Episcopalian. He was made deacon April 26, 1791, in Christ's Church, Philadelphia, and on the 28th of October, 1792, in the same sacred building, was ordained to the holy order of priesthood by the Right Reverend William White, first bishop of Pennsylvania. The original certificate of ordination may be seen among the archives of the Carnegie Library, Shirly Park, Pittsburg. The following is an abridgment in part of an historical address by Reverend James Allison, D. D., 1838-64, delivered at the anniversary meeting of the Presbyterian church, held in Sewickley, Pennsylvania, February 17, 1888. In conducting the exercises the pastor was assisted by the Reverend A. G. Wallace, D. D., of the United Presbyterian church, and the Reverend R. H. Benton, of the Protestant-Episcopal church. Mr. Allison says : "At the request of the pastor, I have undertaken to write its history (of the above mentioned church) from its beginning in 1802 to the close of my pastorate, in February, 1864. The name Sewickley is one of the few Indian names permitted to remain in the language of the Delaware Indian. Sewickley means 'sweet water' and was applied to this valley because of the large number of sugar trees found there. "The first minister of any denomination who held religious services by regular appointment in this valley, was the Reverend. Francis Reno, of the Protestant-Episcopal church. "During the period between 1776-81, when Youghiogheny county, under the authority of Virginia, exercised jurisdiction over the district lying immediately across the river from use (to-wit south side) the following preachers—Wililam Taylor, William Reno, John Whittaker and Edward Hughey—took the oath of allegiance. Two of these men were undoubtedly Episcopal ministers, and this William Reno was a brother of Reverend Francis Reno, the pioneer minister. "There are subscription papers still in existence, prepared in legal form, for one-third of the time of Mr. Reno, from May I, 1798, to May I, 1799. The subscriptions were partly in cash and partly in produce, to be paid at the expiration of the year, the produce to be delivered at Daniel Leit's Mill on the little Sewickley. Thirty-six names are signed to this paper, donating cash, wheat, corn, rye and oats. The majority of these subscriptions are marked, 'paid in full' ; some 'paid in part' ; and a few altogether 'unpaid'. Two similar subscription papers for Mr. Reno, one 1799 and the other 1807, are also in existence. "Mr. Reno was not to be trifled with in the matter of salary. He believed that a contract was something to be fulfilled by both parties. He did his part, and expected the subscribers to do what they had promised. Accordingly we find entries on the docket of John Way, Esq., dated March 14, 1801, against Patrick Bolden, Samuel Merriman and Jeremiah Wright, in which judgment are given against them, and the moneys collected and paid over to Mr. Reno. Merriman's subscription was three bushels of corn and the judgment against him was for $1.00 and costs, which gives thirty-three cents as the value of a bushel of corn at that time. "In the subscription paper (1798) it was stipulated that Mr. Reno should preach on Lot No. 2 in Daniel Leet's district, and the place of preaching was Squire Way's barn, which stood until a few years ago on the lower side of the road, opposite the house now occupied by Mr. William L. Jones. It is not known how long he continued to hold service here, but it is certain, however, that he preached here until after 1809. As only one-third of his time was occupied here, he preached at Woodville on the Washington road, near the old Cowan estate, in this county, and Beaver, and occasionally elsewhere." It is maintained that the first house of worship built west of the Alleghany mountains was Chartiers Chapel at Woodville, above alluded to; it was built of logs, and surrounded by many graves located by rough, undressed stones, at head and foot, in regular rows ; and within its sacred precincts are beautiful old forest trees, and here lie the remains of "Anna 1866 - HISTORY OF THE WESTERN RESERVE Nixon, the first white child born in Alleghany county." This lot was used without boundary lines until 1790, when it was donated by Colonel William Lea, The building has been erected at least three times ; the first building was destroyed by fire during the Whiskey rebellion, when all the records to that date were destroyed with the building. The chapel was rebuilt and used part of the time for a school, but at last fell into decay, and was again rebuilt in 1852. Then the records were also destroyed ; again by an explosion and fire. From other records to which the writer hereof had access, it is learned that the Reverend Mr. Reno's charge consisted of missionary work, from and about Pittsburg, and west on both sides of the Ohio river, as far down the river as the state line of Pennsylvania and Virginia, about twenty miles from Beavertown, to the town of Georgetown, where he was instrumental in the erection of St. Luke's church, in which house a window is dedicated to his memory. He traveled over parts of Washington, Allegheny and Beaver counties, riding horseback and accompanied sometimes by his friend and assistant, Edward Moore, who acted as clerk. The services were held in the woods or in some house or outbuilding, as occasion required. Large numbers are said to have assembled; some coming from long distances to hear him and be baptised. The writer hereof met many old people about the year 1870, who said they were baptised by "Parson Reno"—the name by which he was known to them. His immediate charge for Sunday services, was the Chartiers Chapel, at Woodville, now known as St. Luke's—St. Stephens', at Sewickley, and St. Luke's at Georgetown. He continued to officiate until about 1811 or 1812. The Reverend Francis Reno married Lydia Savers June 15, 1784, (it is said her father spelled his name Sevier, and was Colonel John Sevier, governor of Tennessee.) Of this union there were eleven children, of whom Francis Reno Jr. (father of James McCay) was one. He was born March 25, 1802 ; was senior warden of St. John's Church, Youngtown, Ohio, from its organization, December 9, 1859, until his death, September 3, 1864. He was by profession a civil engineer, and one of the principal engineers for the Pennsylvania and Ohio Canal Company. He resided in Youngstown during the location and construction of said canal, from 1833 to 1837, and assisted in surveys of the Pennsylvania and Ohio Rail road (afterwards called Fort Wayne & Chicago,) the Cleveland & Pittsburg Railroad and the Pittsburg & Erie Railroad and many other public works. He assisted in organizing and building of Christ's Church, New Brighton, Pennsylvania ; Trinity Church, Rochester, Pennsylvania, (where he spent his early life,) and St. John's Church, Youngstown. He married Rachel McCay, August 8, 1837, and of this union there were eight children. James McCay Reno, one of these children, clerked for Wilder & Reno in their store at Youngstown until 1863, when Reno & Hillawill set up a grocery store, at which he was employed until about May 1, 1864. He was enlisted in the One Hundred and Fifty-fifth Ohio National Guards, and served until about 1st of September, 1864, when he was again enlisted for the war, and was appointed captain and assistant quartermaster by President Lincoln (as chief quartermaster, G. A. DeRussey division.) He thus served until October, 1865, when he was honorably discharged and returned home. He was then clerk for Amos Powers & Company for about one year, when he was. appointed city engineer and served about twenty years in that capacity. Mr. Reno located and built a number of branch railroads in and about Youngstown ; did general surveying, the constructing of iron plants, and the erecting of machinery for several works. Family genealogy : ( 1) Lewis Reno and five sons landed in Charleston, South Carolina, about 1710. (2) john Reno, son of Lewis, born 1696 ; married Susannah Thorn, November 17, 1737 ; died 1800, at the extreme age of one hundred and four years. (3) Reverend Francis Reno, son of John, born February 7, 1758 ; married Lydia Savers, June 15, 1784 ; died August 12, 1836. (4) Francis Reno, Jr., son of Reverend Francis Reno, born March 25, 1802 ; married Rachel McCay, August 8, 1837 ; died September 3, 1864. (5) James McCay Reno, son of Francis, Jr., born May 10, 1838. The maternal grandfather's name was John McCay—a Scotchman who settled in Cecil county, Maryland, near the town now called Rolandsville, coming from the North of Ireland. He married Frances Graham and they had twelve children. John McCay died March 17, 1794, aged sixty-six years, and his wife, Frances, passed away October 8, 1795, aged fifty-five. HISTORY OF THE WESTERN RESERVE - 1867 James McCay, a son of the above named couple, traveled through this country (Mahoning and Trumbull counties) and north of there as far as Meadville, Pennsylvania, from Cecil county, Maryland, on horseback, as early as 1796. He built a two-story log cabin in Youngstown,. near the corner of Federal and Holmes streets, which was said to be the first log house built in this vicinity. Therein, it is asserted, the first elections for township, county, state and national officers were held. This building was rented to Judge William Rayen for some time, and there he kept tavern. Mr. McCay rode horseback from Cecil county, Maryland, to Youngstown, Ohio, to collect his rent from Judge Rayen. The price for one year was fifty dollars, up to 1804, when the rent was increased to fifty-five dollars. He had also purchased other property in Youngstown. James McCay and Judge George Tod were friends when Mr. McCay lived in Maryland, and when the judge with his family were on their first trip to the west word came to Youngstown that a family was stuck in the mud below Poland. Mr. McCay, with ox-teams and men, went to their relief, and was surprised to find his old friend, George Tod, and family. In 1804, Mr. McCay floated two boats, loaded with five hundred barrels of flour purchased from James C. Grues, at his mills above McKeesport on the Youghiogheny river ; left the mills in the morning of March 27, 1804, for New Orleans. Joshua Brown and David McNear started at the same time, as the water in the rivers was very high. He landed his boats at New Orleans wharf May 18, 1804; made the trip in one month and twenty-one days. After selling the flour to a Spaniard for nine dollars per barrel, he returned home by way of Philadelphia. James McCay married Miss Sarah Randall, a Quakeress, at her home No. 167 Arch street, Philadelphia, the 15th day of August, 1805. Reverend William Rogers, D. D., officiated. They had three children, one of whom was Rachel, who married Francis Reno, Jr., the father of James McCay Reno. James McCay moved from Philadelphia with his family to Pittsburg, about 1810, and thence to Youngstown about 1828. He died in May, 1838. LUCUS LAMAR KEWISH was born in Perry township, Lake county, Ohio, February 22, 1841, and is a son of William and Harriet (Ward) Kewish. The father was born in Kirkbride, Isle of Man, February 12, 1807, being a son of Charles and Jane (McKnight) Kewish, he a Manxman and his wife of Scotch descent. William Kewish came to the United States with his parents when eighteen years of age, landing at New York ; they went to Buffalo by way of canal, and took a boat from there to Fairport, in the vicinity of which there were a number of Manxmen settled. He learned the trade of shoemaker, and followed this trade at Madison, later becoming a pattern-maker, and for a few years followed that trade. He secured a farm in Leroy township, Lake county, in 1841, but worked at his trade in Madison ; he remained on the farm until his death, January 21, 1881, at the age of seventy-four years. William Kewish married Harriet, daughter of Thomas and Henrietta (Pellington) Ward, of Madison township, born. at Morristown, Sussex county, New Jersey. She was of English descent, her ancestors for some generations having been Americans. She came to Ohio with her parents, her father having first gone to western New York. Thomas Ward died May 28, 1853, aged seventy-three years, less than a year after his wife, who died October 3, 1852, aged fifty-seven years. Both died in Madison and are buried there. Mrs. Kewish died December 18, 1906, in advanced life. She had six children, namely : Ellen Josephine, died at the age of nineteen Adelaide Elizabeth, married D. A. Scribner, now of Geneva ; Lucius Lamar ; Marrion J., married S. J. Potts, of Painesville ; Emma Rougene, married W. H. Kelly, of Geneva, Ohio ; and Lida Josephine, who married W. T. Wade, of Collinwood. She died in 1904. Lucius Lamar Kewish spent his boyhood on his father's farm and attended school at the seminary at Madison. He took advantage of all opportunities for advancement in learning, being an inveterate reader. From youth he was constantly familiar with the pages of the New York Tribune, and later a regular subscriber to The Century, Public Opinion, Literary Digest and other leading periodicals and books. Extensive, thoughtful reading and a very remarkable memory made him an excellent student of all our current and historical events and a very well informed man along general lines. He was always actively interested in the welfare of the locality in which he lived, but was of a retiring disposition, and had no aspirations for public office. He was 1868 - HISTORY OF THE WESTERN RESERVE at one time connected with the Grange movement. He attended the Methodist Episcopal Church, cheerfully contributed to its support, and enjoyed a good sermon, but never became a church member. In December, 1868, Mr. Kewish moved to the place on Indian Point where he spent the remainder of his life. The house in which he made his home was built in 1841. He was an able judge of the value of good stock, and for years he made a business of dealing in cattle. Mr. Kewish married, November 18, 1868, Mary D. Paine, daughter of Henry and Harriet Newell Paine, of Paine's Hollow, Leroy. Their children are Helen Josephine and William Henry Kewish. The former has been engaged in educational work and for the past twelve years located in Scranton, Pennsylvania. William H. Kewish is a cement chemist, and at present superintendent of the Dixie Portland Cement Company, of Richard City, Tennessee. Mr. Kewish, the father, died January 3, 1909, leaving many lifelong friends and acquaintances. HENRY A. GLADDING was born May 24, 1846, in Hartsgrove township, and is a son of Marcus and Sophia. A. (Nye) Gladding and a grandson of John Gladding. John Glad-ding was born in Wethersfield, Connecticut, in 1782, and died May 7, 1853, in Windsor township, Ashtabula county, Ohio, within nine days of his wife's death. He came to Ohio in 1806, and settled in the forest in Windsor, at the present home of H. A. Gladding. He drove through with a team, arriving in April, and in June of that year his son Russell was born, the first white male child born in Windsor township. He and his wife and Michael Tomlinson and wife came together. John Gladding married, in 1804, Mary Ritter, of East Hartford, Connecticut, born in 1783. She died April 28, 1853. They had children as follows : Russell born in June, 1806, died in 1880 ; Joseph, deceased ; Sally, deceased ; Mary, deceased ; Marvin, deceased ; Marcus D., deceased ; James, who died in 1909, and Nancy, deceased. Marcus D. Gladding was born April 19, 1819, and died January 24, 1900. He attended school in the old log school house and helped with the work of the farm. He helped cut a road to Hartsgrove township. He was a member of the Methodist Episcopal church, and was a quiet, law-abiding citizen who took great interest in the public welfare. Mr. Gladding married Sophia A. Nye, and their children were : Ida, born May 28, 1855, married A. L. Thompson, of Rock Creek, and died in 1878 ; and Henry A. Henry A. Gladding attended Fort Wayne College, also Mount Union College, and taught one year at Rock Creek, after which he went west, where he taught school and became county superintendent of schools in Sherman county, Nebraska. He also served as treasurer and county judge of the same county and in other capacities. After his return to Ohio he turned his attention to farming, and now owns 369 acres, where he has for the past ten years bred Holstein cattle ; he also raises poultry to a large extent and carries on general farming. He is enterprising and modern in his methods, and makes farming a profitable occupation. He is a Republican in politics and has served three years as trustee of the township. Mr. Gladding and his entire family are members of the Methodist Episcopal church, of which he is steward. He and his wife are members of the Windsor Grange, No. 491. He is a member of Hartsgrove Lodge, No. 397, Ancient Free and Accepted Masons, served seven years as master, has been secretary and has held all other offices in the lodge. He is district lecturer of the F. & A. M. His wife and entire family are also members of the Eastern Star, and Mrs. Gladding was grand matron of the Eastern Star of the state 1897-8. Mr. Gladding married, January 1, 1874, Mary F. Campbell, of Mentor, Ohio, born May 14. 1849, daughter of Jeremiah and Sarah Ann (Reeve) Campbell, of Willoughby, Ohio. She was the historian of the Windsor township portion of the "Pioneer Women of the Western Reserve," and is a well educated, able writer. Mrs. Gladding is eligible to membership in the Daughters of the American Revolution. Mr. Gladding and his wife became the parents of the following children : Maynard, born December 4, 1877, in Nebraska, lives in Windsor township, Ashtabula county, Ohio, where he carries on a farm, and Abigail Glade, born in Windsor township May 28, 1884. Maynard married Esther Moss, of Huntsburg. Abigail G. married Alfred W. Castle, of New Lyme, Ohio. Both are teachers.   Henry A. Gladding is president of the Christy School of Methods, and has been a member of this board for twenty years. He is greatly interested in education. HISTORY OF THE WESTERN RESERVE - 1869 ELBERT FOLLETT BLAKELY, attorney-at-law in Painesville, and member of the firm of Alvord & Blakely, was born in Madison, Ohio, October 29, 1875. His parents were Harlow W. and Alta C. (Follett) Blakely, who until the spring of 1909, lived on the home farm in Madison township. The mother, who was born in Madison July 26, 1846, died June 3o, 1909. She was a daughter of Almeron and Clarinda (Miller) Follett. Almeron Follett was a native of Dalton, Berkshire county, Massachusetts, and died in 1896 at the age of eighty-five years in Madison, where he had resided since 1820. He was a carpenter and a farmer, and became a leading citizen of the township, although he never held public office. Harlow W. Blakely was a son of Nathaniel and Polly (Law) Blakely, the former born at Pawlet, Vermont, and the latter at Wells, Vermont. Nathaniel Blakely (son of David Blakely, a soldier of the Revolution,) was a teacher early in life, and at one time when residing in Gainesville was county superintendent of schools of Wyoming county, New York. In 1827 he held a commission in the New York militia, signed by Governor DeWitt Clinton. In 1854 he purchased the grist mill on Grand river, south of Madison, Ohio, and moved to that place, driving through from Gainesville, accompanied by his son—Harlow W. Blakely. He was one of the most respected citizens of Madison, where he died in 1883 at the age of eighty-five years. Harlow W. Blakely was born in Gainesville, Wyoming county, New York, June 28, 1844, and came to Ohio with his parents at the age of ten years. He received a common school education. At the age of eighteen years he enlisted in Company D, One Hundred and Fifth Ohio Volunteer Infantry, and after being in the service of his country for one year and a half was shot by a musket-ball at Chickamauga, and received his discharge in consequence of the disability resulting therefrom. After his marriage he took up a homestead in Nebraska, but returned to carry on his farm in Madison township, having purchased the same from his father, and where he resided until 1909. He served the public as township trustee and assessor and was known as a public spirited citizen ; politically he was a Republican. He was a member of the board of trustees which purchased the Township Park on Lake Erie. He was an active church worker and a leading member of the Methodist Episcopal church at Madison until his death, which occurred June 6, 1910, as an indirect result of the wound received in the war. Mr. Blakely married Alta C. Follett, April 5, 1870, who was a splendid woman, unusually energetic and capable, very much devoted to her family and interested in church work. Two children, Stella C., wife of Thomas H. Clark, of Ashtabula, Ohio, and Elbert F. were born of this marriage. Elbert F. Blakely passed his boyhood in his native town, and received a high school education. He taught school one year and then took a course in law at the University of Michigan, graduating in the class of 1896 ; since 1897 he has been in practice at Painesville. During the Spanish war Mr. Blakely served as corporal in Company M, Fifth Ohio Volunteer Infantry, and was stationed at Tampa and Fernandina, Florida. Later he was elected captain of Company M, Fifth Regiment Ohio National Guard, in which rank he served from 1900 until 1902, when he resigned on account of pressure of business. Mr. Blakely was elected prosecuting attorney in 1903 for three years, was re-elected for two years, and is now serving a third term. The present firm of Alvord & Blakely has been in existence since April, 1909, and has a very large clientele of the best class in Lake and surrounding counties. Mr. Blakely has had a successful career as a prosecuting attorney and has been a zealous public officer. He is a past noble grand of the Independent Order of Odd Fellows, and is also affiliated with the Sons of Veterans and the Knighted Order of Tented Maccabees. He is greatly interested in athletics and especially the national pastime, and attends a baseball game whenever his duties leave him the opportunity. December 20, 1899, Mr. Blakely married Jessie M. Quirk, of North Madison, daughter of Thomas and Caroline (Burns) Quirk. Thomas Quirk was a successful farmer and served the township as trustee for three consecutive terms, being a member of the board at the time of the purchase of the beautiful park on Lake Erie. Miss Quirk was a schoolmate of Mr. Blakely, and was a graduate of the Madison high school, and afterward a teacher in the Madison schools. They became parents of three children—Dorothy Jessie, Margaret Caroline and Thomas Harlow; the first named died at the age of seventeen months. Mr. and Mrs. Blakely are members of the Methodist Episcopal church. 1870 - HISTORY OF THE WESTERN RESERVE REV. THOMAS E. MONROE, D. D.—In ever broadening angle of beneficence was the influence exerted by Dr. Monroe. For nearly thirty years he was active pastor of the First Congregational church of Akron and a prominent figure in the councils of the great church organization with which he was identified. His was a masterful mind, of broad ken, and he used his talents for the uplifting of his fellow men. He was in the truest sense humanity's friend, and pure was the spiritual flame which burned in and illumined his winning personality. He died November 19, 1908, in the fulness of years and with a record of great accomplishment in the holy calling to which he .devoted himself. Thomas Edwin Monroe was of stanch Scotch lineage and was a scion of stock engrafted in American history in the colonial epoch. He was born at Plainfield, Connecticut, on the 28th of April, 1829, and was a son of Job and Phoebe (Collins) Monroe. Thomas passed his boyhood on the home farm and availed himself of the privileges afforded in the common schools of the locality and period. He supplemented this training by that of a higher academic institution in his native state, and when seventeen years of age he began teaching in the common schools of Rhode Island. After three years of teaching he entered a collegiate preparatory school in Providence, Rhode Island, where he continued his studies. In the following year he went to Oberlin, Ohio, where he entered the academic or literary department of Oberlin College. He completed the classical course and graduated in 1856 with the degree of Bachelor of Arts. Two years later he completed the course in the theological department of the same institution, and in 1859 he was ordained a minister of the Congregational church by the Cleveland conference. The degree of Doctor of Divinity was conferred upon him by Oberlin College in 1893. After his ordination Dr. Monroe held for one year a pastoral charge at Amherst, Lorain county, Ohio, and he then, in 186o, became pastor of the First Congregational church of Mount Vernon, Knox county. Here his labors brought forth a gracious harvest. The membership of the church was increased from 150 to 457, and a new church edifice was erected at a cost of $38,000. On the 1st of April, 1873, Dr. Monroe became pastor of the First Congregational church of Akron, and here he continued as pastor and pastor emeritus in constant and inspiring labor until he was summoned to the life eternal, thirty-five years later. He vitalized the spiritual and temporal activities of his church, and under his regime its membership increased from 268 to more than goo persons, besides which it contributed about 100 members to the West Congregational church, which was organized in 1888. His life was most unselfish, self-abnegating and helpful, and the signal purity and exaltation of his ideals could not but impress all who came within the sphere of his influence. It is consistent that this sketch should perpetuate an appreciative editorial estimate which appeared in an Akron paper at the time of the death of Dr. Monroe. "In noting the death of Rev. Dr. Thomas E. Monroe we have to record the passing of one of the most gentle, loving and lovable spirits that have ever dwelt upon the face of the earth. Beloved by thousands upon thousands of people, not alone his own parishioners but those of all other denominations, and those of no religious affiliations at all, by people in every walk of life, without regard to race, color, creed, social or business standing, Dr. Monroe moved in and out among us for nearly a generation, without an enemy in the world, with that kindly, benevolent, Christian disposition that attracted to him every man, woman or child whom he met, and which bound them all to him by the ties of love and friendship. It is impossible to give to his character the tribute that it deserves. If there is such a thing on earth today, he was a saint. Dr. Monroe. was one of the strong men of his church ; he was one of the strong men of this community. He built up his congregation from small beginnings and the influence which it and he have exerted upon this city is well nigh incalculable.. For some years he has been compelled to give up many of his activities, but the influence of his life and character and deeds has not ceased, nor will it cease, but it will go on and on, in constantly broadening circles. Truly we can say of this man that his `works do follow him.' " The following memorial tribute was paid by Rev. H. S. MacAyeal, pastor of the First Congregational church in Akron : "Dr. T. E. Monroe has been one of the most influential and best beloved men in Akron for the past third of a century ; a leader in all movements, a lover of humanity, a large-hearted and magnanimous man. His influence has not only been great, but will also prove a lasting force for good in the communal life of Akron. His life was a lesson for young men, an incentive HISTORY OF THE WESTERN RESERVE - 1871 to larger living, a reminder of all that makes for the best in the lives of men." In Akron the sense of personal loss in the death of Dr. Monroe was so great as to obscure for the moment the full realization of the many-sided activities and far reaching influences which characterized his life. He was gentle as a child yet learned as a sage. His spirit was attuned to mercy yet none was more inflexible for the right. His was a mind of the widest culture, yet he seized and mastered the details of administration and the practi- calities of business. The beauty of his speech and diction, which always had the ennobling touch of some lofty sentiment, marked him as an orator. He was a noble man, nobly dowered, and he gave of the best of himself in the service of his fellow men. What higher tribute than this can be paid any man ? Dr. Monroe touched and was concerned in all things pertaining to the welfare of the community, and thus he was found ready to lend his aid and influence in the support of all measures and objects advanced for the general good. His political support was given to the Republican party, and he took much interest in the vital questions and issues of the hour. He lived to attain the age of nearly eighty years, and up to the last his mind and his heart were active in their thought and sympathy for others. He loved his fellow men and his reward came in their love and veneration.. On the 3d of June, 1859, was solemnized the marriage of Dr. Monroe to Miss Hannah Mary Barnard, who was born in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, in 1831, a daughter of Simon and Sarah (Darlington) Barnard, residents of Philadelphia at the time of her marriage. Mrs. Monroe died February 21, 1908. Dr. and Mrs. Monroe had one child, Pauline, who taught in Philadelphia for some years, till her mother's health called her back to Akron. Miss Monroe still maintains her home in Akron, where she is surrounded by a wide circle of devoted friends. REUBEN C. YOUNG.-A native son of Ash' tabula county and a member of one of its honored pioneer families, Mr. Young is recognized as one of the representative citizens of the city of Ashtabula and the high popular esteem in which he is held is indicated by the fact that he is now serving as a member of the board of county commissioners, in which connection his services have been most effective in promoting the best interests of his native county. Reuben C. Young was born in Monroe township, Ashtabula county, Ohio, on the 28th of December, 1851, and is a son of Thaddeus S. and Caroline A. (Benjamin) Young. The father was born in Venice, Cayuga county, New York, in the year 1826, and was reared and educated in the old Empire state. As a young man he came to Ohio and took up his residence in Ashtabula county, where he became a successful and popular teacher in the common schools, and he continued to follow the pedagogic profession until the time of his marriage, at the age of twenty-two years, to Miss Caroline A. Benjamin, who had been one of his pupils. His parents, Samuel and Free-love Young, came to Ohio a few years after he had here taken up his abode and settled in Monroe township, where his father bought a large tract of land and passed the residue of his life, having been ninety years of age at the time of his death. For many years Samuel Young did a large and prosperous business as a stock drover, his operations extending over a wide area of country, and his stock being driven through to Philadelphia and other eastern markets. He was known as a reliable, energetic and honorable business man and had a wide acquaintanceship through the Western Reserve. Caroline A. (Benjamin) Young, mother of him whose name initiates this article, was born in Pierpont township, Ashtabula county, and was a daughter of Reuben Benjamin, who came from Connecticut and settled in that township soon after the close of the War of 1812. There he reclaimed a farm from the virgin forest and there passed the remainder of his life, one of the worthy pioneers of this part of the Western Reserve. He and his sons Perry and Eli erected the first Baptist church in Pierpont township and he was one of the original members of the church organization. He died at the time of the Civil war, when about seventy-five years of age. His son Eli died when a young man, and the other son, Perry, passed his life on the old homestead, in Pierpont township, where he died when about seventy-two years of age. After his marriage Thaddeus Young settled in Monroe township, where he became the owner of a farm, to the improvement and cultivation of which he devoted his attention until the outbreak of the Civil war, when he responded to the duties of patriotism and tendered his services in defense of the Union. In the spring of 1862 he recruited a squad of volunteers and they were enlisted as members 1872 - HISTORY OF THE WESTERN RESERVE of the Second Ohio Independent Battery of Light Artillery, which was organized in Conneaut, Ohio, and which was already at the front when joined by Mr. Young and his little band of recruits. He was soon promoted to the office of sergeant and later to that of second lieutenant, in which connection he had charge of a detachment from his battery. He was with Banks in the famous Red river campaign, in Missouri and Arkansas, and from Helena, Arkansas, he proceeded with his command to the Mississippi river, joining General Grant's forces and taking part in the siege of Vicksburg. Later he was stationed on Ship Island, in the Gulf of Mexico. He continued with his battery until the close of the war, when he was mustered out and received his honorable discharge. His arduous service had made severe inroads on his health and a number of years elapsed ere he regained his wonted physical vigor. His continued interest in his old comrades was indicated by his holding membership in the Grand Army of the Republic. After the close of the war Thaddeus S. Young returned to Ashtabula county, where he engaged in the manufacturing of lumber. He continued to operate a saw mill until 1874, when he was elected sheriff of the county, of which office he remained incumbent for two consecutive terms of two years each, the maximum period of service permitted under the provisions of the laws of the state. He gave a most able administration of the affairs of this office, being both fearless and discriminating in the discharge of its duties. Within his regime the dock laborers in the Ashtabula harbor went out on a strike, and the sheriff found it necessary to call out a force of sixty armed men to preserve peace. A mob of about 300 of the dissatisfied laborers congregated and offered defiance to the officers thus constituted. In making an arrest of one of the belligerents the gun of one of the armed citizens was accidentally discharged, and the ball passed through the coat of the man who was resisting arrest. The mob thus discovered that the guns were loaded and that summary action would be taken by the officers if resistance was continued, so that further difficulty was averted. While Mr. Young was in office the county jail was rebuilt. In the meanwhile his wife had been summoned to the life eternal, and he later contracted a second marriage, being united to Miss Flora Farnham, of Farnham, Ashtabula county, a place named in honor of the family of which his second wife was a member, and there he operated a grist mill for a number of years. He died in that place at the age of seventy-one years. He was a zealous worker in behalf of the cause of the Republican party and while not affiliated with any church organization lived a Christian life as he saw it. His second wife survived him by a number of years and they had no children. Concerning the six children of the first marriage the following data are entered : Myron B., who was an electrician at the Ashtabula docks, received there an injury which resulted in his death in 1900 ; Chester C., who died in February, 1908, was a representative merchant of Conneaut, Ohio ; Reuben C., subject of this sketch, was the next in order of birth ; A. Louisa is the wife of Frank M. Colsen, of Jefferson, the county seat of Ashtabula county ; L. Emily is the wife of Charles K. Tuttle, of Pacific Grove, California ; and H. Arthur was killed by accident, when fourteen years of age. Reuben C. Young was reared to manhood in Ashtabula county, to whose public schools he is indebted for his early educational advantages. As a youth he began to assist his father in the operation of the saw mill, and later he rendered efficient service as deputy sheriff of the county, during his father's incumbency of the office of sheriff. Prom 1882 to 1884 he held the position of guard in the Ohio state penitentiary, in the city of Columbus, and he then returned to Ashtabula county, where he became associated with his brother, Chester C., in the manufacturing of lumber. He continued to be identified with this line of enterprise for a number of years and then engaged in the building of houses on Tyler and Main streets in the city of Ashtabula. He improved a number of properties in this way and sold the same at advantageous terms. He has maintained his home in the city of Ashtabula since 1895, served the city as a member of the council from 1901 to 1906 and here he is now the owner of a considerable amount of valuable realty. In 1907 Mr. Young was elected a member of the board of county commissioners, and in this office he has shown the utmost loyalty to the interests of his native county, maintaining a progressive attitude and advocating a liberal policy in administering the governmental affairs of the county. Within his tenure of office 100 acres have been added to the county farm in Kingsville township ; the court house has been remodeled and renovated, making it creditable to the county ; concrete bridges have taken the place of many inferior structures HISTORY OF THE WESTERN RESERVE - 1873 throughout the county ; and the good-roads movement has received marked impetus, encouraged by the state government. In politics Mr. Young is an uncompromising advocate of the principles and policies for which the Republican party stands sponsor, and he has wielded much influence in the local contingent of his party. He is identified with the three different branches of the Independent Order' of Odd Fellows, in which he is now vice grand, and is also affiliated with the Knights of Pythias, the Benevolent and Protective Order of Elks and the Royal Arcanum. In the year 1886 Mr. Young was united in marriage to Miss Lina Hollister, who was born in Pierpont township, Ashtabula county, and who is a daughter of Alfred and Mary A. (Leavitt) Hollister, the former of whom died at the age of eighty-two years and the latter at the age of fifty-seven. Alfred Hollister was born in Portage county, Ohio, and was a son of Harvey and Sarah Hollister, honored pioneers of that county, whither the father came from the state of New York. In his young manhood Alfred Hollister was a successful teacher in the district schools. He later read law and was admitted to the bar. He held the office of justice of the peace for many years and for more than thirty years was postmaster at Phoenix, Ashtabula county, where he was an honored and influential citizen at the time of his death. Mr. and Mrs. Young have one child, Mary C., who is now a student in the Ashtabula high school. WALTER SCOTT HOSTETLER has inscribed his name on the pages of the local history of Medina county as the editor and publisher of the Wadsworth Banner-Press. He entered the field of journalism when but eighteen years of age in the town where he was born, Doylestown, Ohio, where he conducted the Doylestown Journal for several years. Later he edited the Signal at Canal Fulton, Ohio. Leaving the country field he went to New York City, where he soon became foreman of one of the largest job printing establishments in the city, holding the position for nearly two years. In October of 1907, however, Mr. Hostetler returned to Ohio and purchased the Wadsworth Banner-Press, one of the leading periodicals of Medina county and a potent influence upon the political life and moral advancement of the community. Under his ownership the paper has been eminently successful, and its circulation has been largely increased. The plant has been im proved by discarding old machinery and material and today it is one of the best equipped country offices in Ohio. Modern printing presses, both job and cylinders, folding machine and a large variety of modern type faces show the office to be strictly abreast of the times. A new concrete building specially arranged for a printing office is located just east of the public square. It has plate glass front and skylight, and for location and interior arrangement its equal would be hard to find. Mr. Hostetler was born at Doylestown in Wayne county, Ohio, October 12, 1874, a son of Samuel J. and Catherine (Bucher) Hostetler. The paternal family is of German ancestry, while the maternal family is of French and German extraction. Completing the course in the Doylestown public schools the son accepted a position in the schools of his home vicinity. He did not long follow that profession, leaving it to enter upon his present line of work. He married Miss Vida Days, also from Wayne county, a daughter of Sylvester Days, and their two children are Kathleen and Eleanor. He is a member of the Methodist Episcopal church and the fratenal orders of the Masons, the Knights of the Maccabees and the A. I. U. CHRISTIAN F. SCHOEPFLE belongs to the group of influential, enterprising and successful business men of Sandusky, his name being prominent among those who have made the city the retail center that it now is. He started in life for himself in Sandusky in 186o as a manufacturer of sash and doors, and with the passing years he has successfully piloted this small beginning until it is now one of the largest enterprises of its kind in Sandusky. He is also the president of the Third National Exchange Bank of Sandusky. Mr. Schoepfle was born in Groetzingen, Baden, Germany, in 1835, and with his parents, Henry and Barbara (Foltz) Schoepfle, he came to America in 1846, and they at once made their way to Sandusky. Henry Schoepfle was by trade a wagon-maker, but after coming to Erie county he followed farming, purchasing thirty-three acres of land in Margaretta township, but in time he added to the tract until the farm contained eighty acres. But he subsequently sold a considerable of the timber land to the railroad company, and the remainder he improved and made it his home during the remainder of his life. Christian F. Schoepfle married in 1858 Sarah Knoepfle and they have seven children 1874 - HISTORY OF THE WESTERN RESERVE living. He is a member of the Masonic fraternity and of the Lutheran church, and is 'a believer in the principles of the Republican party. CYRUS B. SNYDER was one of the most extensive land owners and stock raisers within Trumbull county, and had possessions in Ohio and faraway Texas, where his interests were large. He was a native of Brookfield township, this county, born June I, 1830, the son of David and Mary A. (Combs) Snyder, the former born in Perry county, Pennsylvania, in 1805, and the latter in Brookfield township, December 3, 1807. The paternal grandparents were Thomas and Mary Snyder, of Pennsylvania, who were of German parentage. On the mother's side the grandfather was Ebenezer M. Combs, of Connecticut. The father came with his mother to Hartford, Ohio, in 1808, cutting a wagon road through the dense forests. The mother of Cyrus B. Snyder came to Vienna with her parents when a small girl. David and Mary A. (Combs) Snyder were united in marriage November 27, 1827, in Trumbull county, Ohio, arid settled in the northern part of Brookfield township. David, a blacksmith by trade, conducted a shop there until 1848, when he sold his shop and moved to a farm in Bloomfield township, where he resided several years, then came to the village of North Bloomfield, and there ran a shop for ten years, after which he retired, about the spring of 1875. His faithful wife died in 1890. They had nine children, three of whom still survive : Cyrus B., of this narrative, the eldest ; Mary, Mrs. Harrison Lee, of Enid, Oklahoma; David T., of North Bloomfield. Cyrus B. Snyder had the advantages of the common schools and the Vienna Academy. He resided with his parents until eighteen years of age, when he entered the employ of Charles Brown, who was in the live stock business, raising cattle and horses. Mr. Snyder was in the employ of this stockman three years and caught a full glimpse of what a great business was being carried on in such an industry and at once purchased land and began the role of a stockman himself. He steadily forged his way to the front rank, and was the owner of 1,200 acres of land in Mesopotamia and Bloomfield townships at the time of his death. He cultivated a portion of this land and pastured the remainder. He also owned 4,600 acres in Shackelford county, Texas, which land is chiefly devoted to grazing purposes. In all of his business transactions he proved himself a competent factor in the great live stock business of this country. Politically, he had ever voted the Democratic ticket. He was justice of the peace, township trustee and school director, besides holding other local positions. He was a member of the Masonic order when this fraternity had a lodge at North Bloomfield. He was happily married September 22, 1852, to Mary Clark, a native of Bloomfield, and the daughter of Isaac B. and Polly (Bundy) Clark, of Connecticut. Mrs. Snyder died April 19, 1859, leaving one child, Mary Lovira, born April 26, 1853, now Mrs. Herbert F. Griffith, of West Farmington, Ohio. For his second wife, Mr. Snyder married September 19, 1860, Mary J. Bugby, born October 23, 1839, at Orwell, Ashtabula county, Ohio, a daughter of Henry and Paulina (Cook) Bugby. The father was born in October, 1816, in Chautauqua county, New York ; his wife was born November 25, 1818, in Windsor, Ohio. The grandfather, Bugby, was named Wymand ; he was also of New York. Mrs. Snyder's father and mother were Zera and Chloe (Loomis) Cook, natives of Windsor, Connecticut. All of these families were early pioneers in the famous Western Reserve of Ohio. Mrs. Snyder's parents lived on a farm in Ashtabula county, Ohio, where the father died in 1883 and the mother in the spring of 1889. The children born to Mr. Snyder, by his second marriage, are : Elva, Mrs. Elsworth Yoder, of Wymore, Nebraska; Clara V., Mrs. Charles Hollister, of Warren, Ohio, who died February, 1892 ; Gertrude L., Mrs. Samuel S. Marquis, of Detroit, Michigan, and Cyrus Byron, of Baird, Texas. After a short illness Mr. Snyder passed away October 7, 1908, honored and respected by all who knew him, and Trumbull county citizens will long mourn him as one of their most valuable citizens. Mr. Snyder had a horse twenty-eight years old which was a great favorite of his and known all over the country. Being crippled, Mr. Snyder had to use a crutch, but the horse would assist him to mount by sidling up to a stump or rise of ground. She would wait for him on the roadside or field without being hitched all day and night if necessary. Mr. Snyder had become very much attached to her and on his deathbed requested his wife to be good to Dora, which is the horse's name.