1050 - HISTORY OF THE WESTERN RESERVE L. P. Kaiser secretary and treasurer, with capacity for handling large contracts. During his residence in Elyria, Mr. Kaiser has been identified with the building of nearly all of the best work in the town, including numerous residences and other buildings, and the contracts of his firm in other towns have been no small feature of the business, among them being three churches in Lorain. June 17, 1889, Mr. Kaiser married Miss Mary O'Connor, of Sidney, Ohio, and to them have been given eight children : Bessie, wife of Norman Terrill ; Margaret, wife of Frank Rockwood ; Charles ; Andrew, deceased ; Mary, Harry, Ernestine, and George —all of Elyria. The family are identified with St. Mary's parish, and Mr. Kaiser is a member of the Knights of Columbus. He has for years had membership in the Builders' Exchange, of which, in 1908, he was elected president. As a substantial business man and a representative citizen, John Kaiser occupies a place among the front ranks. DAVID L. BAILEY, the sterling pioneer citizen and widely known livestock raiser of Madison township, Lake county, is a most honored representative of a family which assisted in laying the foundation of the agricultural and industrial prosperity of the Western Reserve in the early years of the nineteenth century. Quite naturally, its members had migrated from Connecticut, virtually the mother of that section of the northwest territory. Mr. Bailey is a native of Madison township ; was born April 3, 1828, and occupies the same house in which he first saw the light of this busy world. He has passed his entire life in his native county, and is a venerable citizen who has so guided his day's work as to retain at all times the unqualified esteem of his fellows. The parents, David and Maria (Latham) Bailey, were born at Groton, New London county, Connecticut, where their marriage was solemnized and where the respective families were founded in the colonial days. The father was reared to maturity in his native place and when twenty years of age journeyed to the West Indies to assume the position of overseer of a large plantation there owned by a Connecticut man. In this work, as well as in the building of river boats, he was engaged for thirteen years, when he returned to Connecticut and soon afterward, at the age of thirty-three, took unto himself a wife. Not long after that event, in 1818, he brought his bride to Geauga county, Ohio, (afterward when the county was divided he lived in Lake county)—whither his brothers, Gurdon and Frank, had preceded him. The Western Reserve was the scene of their subsequent activities, and as pioneer farmers and manufacturers they materially assisted in the development of both Ashtabula and Lake counties, the record of David Bailey being a vital part of the history of Lake county during the struggling times of its pioneers. Shortly after his arrival in the Western Reserve, the latter purchased about 360 acres of land, the major portion of which was in Madison township, Lake county. Although his land was covered with heavy timber, during the forty years of his life, which remained to him, he cleared much of it and placed it under effective cultivation. Several times, during the first years of his residence, he made,the round trip between the Western Reserve and Connecticut, and finally sold his good team of horses for use on one of the first stage lines established in this section of Ohio. In addition to reclaiming his farm and making excellent improvements thereon, including the erection of the house now occupied by his son, as early as 1834 he owned and operated a grist and saw mill at what is known as Upper Hollow, less than half a mile distant from his homestead. He also manifested his progressive spirit by installing the first carding machine in this section of the Reserve, as well as looms and dressing machines. The house mentioned as the residence of both father and son was built according to the honest standards and with the sound materials of those times by the brothers of David Bailey who had preceded him to the Reserve. They were such competent carpenters that, with ordinary repairs, the house is still comfortable and comely and its framework as sound as ever. This landmark of the region stands near Grand river and commands an attractive view of the valley. Here died the energetic and beloved father in 1858, at the age of seventy-four years, and also his wife who survived him nearly half a century, being summoned to the Beyond in 1892, at the venerable age of ninety-two years. At her decease she had lived on the old homestead for a period of seventy-four years. Both parents were faithful members of the Episcopal church. When David L. Bailey was eighteen years of age his father placed him in charge of the home farm and he is the only survivor of the following children : Julia, who died at the age of sixteen years ; Maria, who passed away un- HISTORY OF THE WESTERN RESERVE - 1051 married at the age of twenty ; Frances, who became the wife of J. L. Bissell, and after his death married Anson Sutherland, of Buffalo, New York, where she died at sixty years of age; David L., of this sketch, who was next in order of birth ; and Hannah, who married P. T. Safford and died at the age of twenty-five. Mr. Bailey was educated in the immediate vicinity of the old farm, with whose cultivation and development he has been identified since boyhood, the family homestead now consisting of 220 acres. A number of years ago he commenced to devote his attention more particularly to the raising of high-grade livestock, becoming one of the leading growers in Lake county. He attained especially high standing as a breeder of registered short-horn cattle and of superior Delaine sheep and was well known as a dairyman and a cheese manufacturer. Apropos of his record as a dairy farmer, he believes he has "done his share of milking," as he began his services in that line when a lad of six years and continued his labors in mature years when he had a fine dairy herd of forty cows. He has maintained the old homestead in the best of condition, and on every side are unmistakable evidences of good management, thrift and taste. The farm is one of the model country places of Lake county, and Mr. Bailey still gives it his personal supervision. In politics he is a stanch Republican, but, although he has served for several terms as township trustee, the faithful care of his homestead and his household has given him no time to cultivate politics, even if he were so inclined. His religious connections are with the Congregational church, and every step in his life is taken in accord with his professions. In 1861, more than forty-eight years ago, David L. Bailey was united in marriage with Miss Phrosene Benjamin, who was born and reared in Madison township, Lake county, and was a daughter of Levi and Rebecca (Emerson) Benjamin. Her natal day was December 13, 1833, and her parents were fine Massachusetts people who came to the Western Reserve not long after the arrival of the Bailey family. The daughter was carefully educated and developed into a woman of true culture and disposition of rare strength and sweetness. Before her marriage October 9, 1861, she had proven her superior abilities as a teacher, and as a bride she entered her husband's home and, for many years patiently and cheerfully assisted him in the care of his venerable widowed mother. As a devoted wife and mother she spread the strength and fragrance of her life over nearly half a century, and finally passed away from a sorrow-stricken community on December I2,. 1895—the highest type of a broad, faithful, tender and noble Christian woman. She was survived by her bereaved husband and two sons—Newton, a merchant of Madison, and Russell L., who is now a resident of Cincinnati. GEORGE ATKIN. — Worthy of note among the many thriving agriculturists of Ashtabula county is George Atkin, of Harpersfield township, the descendant of a pioneer settler of this part of Ohio, and a man of integrity and honor. A son of the late Elisha Atkin, he was born on the parental farmstead, September 10, 1837. He comes of English ancestry, his grandfather, Joseph Atkin, having been born in England. Joseph Atkin, was but seven years of age when he came with his parents to America. He lived for a time near the coast of the United States, but as a young man came to Ohio to settle permanently, being a pioneer of Ashtabula county. Buying one hundred acres of heavily timbered land, he began the strenuous task of clearing a farm from the wilderness, watching its gradual transformation from a dense forest to a comfortable homestead with gratification. Here he continued his occupation of a general farmer until his death, at the age of seventy-six years. The farm which he improved is now owned and occupied by his grandson, Fred Atkin, a cousin of George. After coming to Ohio, Joseph Atkin married Lena Bartholomew, then living with her parents on the South Ridge, and she survived him two years, dying at the age of seventy-six years, also. Both were consistent members of the Methodist Episcopal church, and active in its work. They reared eight children, namely : Elisha ; Susanna, who married Filo Heeley, became the mother of three children ; Robert, who married Miss Bartholomew, went to Oregon for his health, and died in that state ; Major married Betsey Banks, and moved West ; Nancy (Mrs. Thurber); . who lived to a ripe old age ; Levi married Persis Clark, served as a soldier, and died in the army ; Peter married Nancy Davis, and they had two children ; and John, who married Almira Stiles, and became the father of three children. Elisha Atkin, a lifelong resident of Ash- 1052 -HISTORY OF THE WESTERN RESERVE tabula county, was born on the parental homestead, in April, 1803, and was reared among pioneer scenes, receiving such educational advantages as were afforded in the district schools.. Choosing the free and independent occupation of his ancestors, he bought fifty acres of land lying about a mile south of his father's estate, and began its improvement. Hard-working, determined and persevering, one who observed and thought for himself, he was quite successful in his labors, continuing as a general farmer until his death. He was a stanch Republican in politics, but never sought public office, and in his religious beliefs was a Methodist. To him and his wife, whose maiden name was Susanna Chapin, seven children were born, namely : Alvin, living on the town line, married Hannah Pool, and they have three children ; Elizabeth died in childhood ; George, the subject of this brief sketch ; Spencer, a merchant in Missouri, married Mary Lyons ; Lucy, wife of Henry Braderd, of Harpersfield township, has three children living, while one child, Celia, died when young; Horace, a resident of Geneva, married Pluma Higley ; and Fred, owning and occupying the homestead which his grandfather, Joseph Atkin, reclaimed from its pristine wildness. Educated in the district schools, George Atkin grew to manhood on his father's farm, which he assisted in improving. Soon after the breaking out of the Civil war, he enlisted in Company B, Twenty-ninth Ohio Volunteer Infantry, and served for three years and eleven months. He took part in many battles of importance, serving first with the Army of the Potomac, later with the Army of the Tennessee, under General Sherman. He was sick a part of the time while in service, was captured by the enemy; confined a prisoner in Lynchburg, and at Belle Isle, for three.months, but was never wounded. Returning home, he resumed the management of the land he then owned, but subsequently sold that property, and about a half mile west to his present farm of fourteen acres. Inheriting the political views of his father. Mr. Atkin is a steadfast and loyal Republican, and has served as township supervisor several terms, and as township trustee one term. He is not a member of any church, but contributes towards the support of religious organizations. Mr. Atkin married, at the age of twenty-nine years, Emilie Hoeg, who is three years younger than he, and they are the parents of three children, namely : Frank, a well-known blacksmith of Ashtabula, married Irene Harvey, and has two children ; Bert died at the age of twenty-seven years, in 1897, of typhoid pneumonia ; and Clara, wife of Ford Holden, of Geneva, has one child. Mr. Atkin is not a member of any fraternal society, but belongs to the Grand Army of the Republic, and takes great interest in promoting its interests. EUGENE E. COOK.—Noteworthy among the progressive and enterprising agriculturists of Ashtabula county is Eugene E. Cook, of Saybrook township, a citizen of worth and prominence, who has ever evinced a warm interest in local progress and improvements, and while advancing his own prosperity has aided the growth of town and county. A life-long resident of Ashtabula county, he was born May 24, 1852, a son of Silas and Mary (Palmer) Cook, who came to this part of Ohio from New York state in 1835. His father, a farmer by occupation, was born July 7, 1810, and died July 5, 1877. His mother was born July 3, 1816, and died January, 1892. They had sixteen children, twelve of whom grew to maturity. The thirteenth child of his parents, Eugene E. Cook obtained his early education in the district school, completing it at the Grand River Institute. After teaching school eight years, Mr. Cook entered the employ of the Pennsylvania, Youngstown and Ashtabula Railroad Company, serving four years as brakeman and three years as conductor of a train. Locating then in Ashtabula, he established himself in the grocery business, which he continued six years, when failing health compelled him to seek some other occupation, and he purchased a half interest in Woodland Beach Park, a popular summer resort. Subsequently, after living for some time on' a farm in Saybrook, Mr. Cook bought his present fine estate of 147 acres, taking possession of it in 1893. He has here carried on general farming, some of the time keeping an extensive dairy, and at other times raising sheep. He has made improvements of value, and has added all the modern appliances, machinery and equipments to be found on an up-to-date farm. He has an 800-feet gas well on his place, which he utilizes in many ways, doing much work with his gas engine. For the past three years Mr. Cook has rented his land, but still resides on his farm. On April 30, 1877, Mr. Cook married Sybil Scoville, who taught school three years prior HISTORY OF THE WESTERN RESERVE - 1053 to her marriage. She is a daughter of the late Captain William N. and Sarah (Strong) Scoville, the former of whom was born January 4, 1815, at Saybrook, Connecticut, migrated to Ohio in 1830, and died November 20, 1881, while the latter, born June 24, 1820, in Saybrook, Ohio, died April 30, 1907. Eight children have been born of the union of Mr. and Mrs. Cook, namely : Raymond P., born May 5, 1878 ; Clifford, born in 1879, died in infancy ; Lester L., born October 13, 1880, taught school a number of terms, and is now an engineer on the Ashtabula docks ; Clive, born in 1883 ; Percy E., born June 9, 1888, was graduated from the Geneva high school, and is now in Purdue College, studying for an electrical engineer ; Bessie R., born May 30, 1889; Myrl S., May 26, 1893, and Ivan D., August 3, 1896. Raymond P. Gook taught school several years when a young man, and is now proprietor of "The Sugar Bowl," a refreshment store in Geneva. He married Persis Gerald. Mr. Cook is connected with various local enterprises, being a director of the First National Bank of Geneva ; a director of the Ashtabula County Infirmary, now serving his second term in that capacity, and being president of the board ; and is a member of the County Agricultural Board. Fraternally he belongs to the Independent Order of Odd Fellows, being a member of lodge and encampment, and also of the Daughters of Rebekah ; to the Home Guards ; to the Benevolent and Protective Order of Elks ; and is a member of the local grange. Religiously he and his family are valued members of the Congregational church at Saybrook. THOMAS MCGOVERN.—A practical, progressive agriculturist of Geneva township, Thomas McGovern has been identified with the agricultural and financial prosperity of this section of the state for many years, and has aided in every possible way its growth and development. Like many other of the prominent and influential citizens of the place, he was born across the sea, his birth having occurred December 25, 1842, in County Mayo, Ireland. He came to Ashtabula county in 1856, with his father, who died three months later. Spending the days of his youth and early manhood with Orange Webster, Thomas McGovern attended the district school of Geneva township, afterwards taking the course of study in the Geneva Normal School. On June 20, 1861, he enlisted in the Fourteenth Ohio Battery, and, although he fought throughout the war, taking part in many engagements of importance, was but once wounded, and then but slightly. Soon after his return from the scene of conflict, Mr. McGovern began his career as an independent farmer, and now owns 200 acres of choice land, which he is managing with characteristic thrift and success. He has devoted much of his time to stock growing, formerly handling carriage horses, at the present time having 200 head of sheep. He allows himself some recreation, and for the past few years has spent the winters in Florida, always being accompanied by his wife. Mr. McGovern was one of the promoters of the Pennsylvania & Ohio Railroad, and was the second president of that railroad. It was completed in 1901, and Mr. McGovern and his associates sold out the road in 1906. Mr. McGovern married, November 14, 1867, Mary Warden, a daughter of Jonathan and Almanda (Andrews) Warden, and a great-granddaughter of James Wright, a Revolutionary soldier. An uncompromising Republican in politics, Mr. McGovern is active and influential in both local and state affairs. He served thirteen consecutive years as county commissioner, and as township trustee seven years. He has been a director, and also the president, of the County Agricultural Society, and for thirty years has belonged to the local grange. Fraternally he is a member of the Independent Order of Odd Fellows, and religiously both he and his wife belong to the Methodist Episcopal church, of which he was trustee for ten years. HENRY HOWARD CUMINGGS.—About S.—About mile south of the city of Painesville, Lake county, is the old farm of seventy acres lying on both sides of the highway, widely known as "Cumings Place." On, it reside the three daughters and the only son (Henry Howard) of Henry and Julia Ann (Hills) Cumings, who located on the tract they now occupy in 1848. The former was brought by his parents from New Hampshire to the Western Reserve, when only thirteen years of age, and became, like the grandfather, an example in the material and moral progress of Painesville and the county at large. The family, which has always represented one of the balance wheels in the activities of the locality, is descended along six lines of Revolutionary ancestors. On the maternal side, its most historic New Eng- 1054 - HISTORY OF THE WESTERN RESERVE land ancestor is Governor Bradford, which also honors the family with the "Mayflower" descent. Two of the daughters, Julia Alice. and Stella Louise, are active members of the Daughters of the American Revolution. The other living daughter is Evelyn Miranda, and Mary (Cumings) Kingsbury died August 1, 1882. Henry Howard Cumings, the only son, was the only one born outside the old homestead, where the family still reside, his birthplace being the city of Painesville, and the date, August 7, 1845. After attending the Painesville high school, he took a business course at Poughkeepsie, New York, but returned to the home farm to assist his father. In 1868 he went to California and spent ten years in that state engaged. in various agricultural occupations. With that exception his life has virtually been spent on the Cumings place, and until 1894 he was .a very active man. In that year he had a fall which so paralyzed the nerves of his spine that, although he is still able to oversee the farm work, he has been forced to forego the active and heavy labors. The first of the Cumings family to settle in America was Isaac, an emigrant of Scottish descent, who came from England about 1630 and became a resident of Ipswich, Massachusetts. The records show that he was constable in 1641 ; later was moderator of the town ; acted as sergeant in one of the Indian wars, and was a citizen of mark and public prominence. He is also known to have been a man of strong religious convictions and of an independent, courageous spirit. His will was made in May, 1677, and lie died in Topsfield. His son, John Cumings, born about 1630, is listed among the commoners of Ipswich in 1672, and subsequently was one of seven males to form a church in the new town of Dunstable. He was selectman of that place in 1682, for several years town clerk, and died there December 1, 1700. John, son of the foregoing, born in 1682, was also prominent in the town and church affairs of Dunstable. A band of 200 Mohawk Indians attacked the garrison at his house, July 3. 1706, and his wife Elizabeth was killed. Two Samuels of the name resided in Groton and Dunstable, Massachusetts, the one of a later day being especially prominent in the public affairs of the latter town. Afterward he became equally prominent in the town of Hollis, New Hampshire ; was sergeant in the war of 1755, and died in 1772. Benjamin, son of Samuel and Prudence (Lawrence) Cumings, who was the great-grandfather of the living descendants, was born in Hollis, New Hampshire, November 25, 1757; was at Bunker Hill; served as sheriff of Hillsboro county, and was twice married. Benjamin, son of his first union, with Bridget Poole, was born in Hollis, August 24, 1782, and married Lucy Whitaker. They resided in Brookline, New Hampshire, for some years prior to 1825, when the parents, with their three sons and four daughters, moved to Qhio. Benjamin Cumings, the grandfather, was a mechanical genius of an rnventive turn, and was the originator of the spring shuttle loom, which represented the first step in advance of the old hand method, of weaving. It was while making a trip through the west introducing his patent shuttle that he decided to settle in the Western Reserve, choosing for his home, Unionville. There he spent his last years, dying September 11, 1852. He was active, generous and public-spirited, and from the leading part which he took in military training was generally known as Major Cumings. Henry Cumings, the father, was a native of Brookline, New Hampshire, born January I, 1812. He came to Ohio with his parents in his fourteenth year, and, although he became a carpenter by trade, he spent most of his life upon a farm in and near Painesville. Although of a retiring disposition, he was of a broad and generous nature, and was never backward in doing good. He was well educated for his day, an earnest patriot and a stalwart Christian whose religion was reduced to One tenet, strict faithfulness to duty. He died in Painesville, August 23, 1893. Henry Cumings married Miss Julia Ann Hills, who was born in Painesville January 5, 1816, a daughter of Jedediah and Mary (Kingsbury) Hills. Her parents were pioneers who came to the Western Reserve in 1814, her father being one of the early druggists and postmasters of Painesville. The mother possessed all the characteristics of her New England ancestry —general intelligence, high-mindedness, patriotism and strong Christian faith, and these she faithfully instilled into her children. Mrs. Henry Cumings died at Painesville September 25, 1883. ISAAC STADDEN WRIGHT, of Kirtland, was born in Zanesville, Ohio, May 28, 1825, and is a son of Simeon and Melissa (Stadden) Wright, she born in Newark, Ohio, and he in Connecticut. Simeon Wright was a carpenter HISTORY OF THE WESTERN RESERVE - 1055 and joiner, and when a young man of twenty-five or thirty came to Ohio, and built the first steam saw mill in the state, on the Muskegon river at Zanesville ; this was about 1825. He also operated a paper mill. About 1831 he removed from Zanesville to Kirtland. His brother, Captain Ashbuel Wright, who as a young man served on the ocean, lived in Kirtland when he retired. He died at the age of sixty years, in Kirtland. Simeon Wright lived with his brother, and purchased the farm where his son Isaac now lives, but he continued to live on his brother's farm, on the river, and died there, at the age of eighty-seven. His widow died. ten years later in Mentor, at the age of eighty-five years. They had six children, namely : Asbel, died at the age of thirty, in Kirtland ; Isaac ; Simeon, a farmer in Tuscola county, Michigan, died at the age of seventy years ; Catherine Melissa, widow of Charles Reynolds, is housekeeper for her brother Isaac ; Nathaniel, killed in the Civil war and Abbie, married Martin Hopkins, and has her winter home in Florida and her summer home in Mentor. Nathaniel Wright had gone to Albany to work with an uncle in the harness trade, and from there he enlisted in a New York regiment of 1,200 men, he being lieutenant ; he was killed before Petersburg, Virginia, being about thirty years old, and at that time captain. He went into the battle of the Wilderness, and his superior officers being all killed, he came out in command of the regiment. Isaac S. Wright has lived in Kirtland since six years of age. He spent two years in Hartford, Connecticut, at the trade of joiner, and assisted in building the first county farm house at Painesville, also his own buildings. He secured his present farm twenty-five years ago, has built a good house, and made many improvements. He does general farming, and has some fine fruit, mainly peaches and grapes, also having apples, pears and plums. The high elevation of the land above Lake Erie makes it very desirable for fruit. About six years ago Mr. Wright became interested in the cultivation of ginseng, and started it from rods dug in the woods ; it took about four years to get a crop, and he has sold two fine crops, having now about one-half acre in cultivation. Being an old man, unable to do heavy work, he finds this occupies his time very pleasantly and profitably. He cared for his parents and his sister until he married, at the age of forty-one, Lola Fenton, who died one year later. Mr. Wright's sister is his housekeeper. In political views he is Democratic, though not extreme in his views. He had no children, and belongs to no fraternal organization, preferring the peace and quietness of his home. He enjoys the affection of a large circle of friends. MRS. MARY WICKWARE, widow of W. H. Wickware, was born in Brimfield township, Portage county, September 1, 1859, and is a daughter of Peter and Esther (Worbs) Steigner. Peter Steigner, born in Germany in 1823, removed to America with his parents at the age of ten years, and in 1854 to Brimfield. His father, born in Germany, brought his second wife with him to America. Esther Worbs was born in Morthausen, Germany, in 1820, and came to Wayne county, Ohio, with her parents, who died shortly after their arrival there. She was married to Peter Steigner in 1847, in Akron, where they resided until their removal to Brimfield, in 1854 ; both died in the year 1903. They had six children, namely : Emilie A., John L., Sarah, Mary, Theodore and Effre Jane. Emilie A., born July 12, 1848, in Akron, married George Poole, and they reside in Akron. John L., born November 15, 1854, died in 1901 ; he married Elizabeth Winckleman and had six children ; his widow still resides on the old place in Brimfield township. Sarah, born July 5, .1856, in Akron, married William Christy and they live in Tippecanoe, Harrison county, Ohio. Theodore, born August 13, 1869, in Brimfield, married Emma Motz, and removed to Streetsboro township. Effie Jane is dead. Mary Steigner attended the district school and finished her education at the high school at Kent, Ohio. She has always resided on the home place, which has all modern conveniences and improvements, and is carried on in a profitable manner. She is a member of the Methodist church,. and much respected in the community. She married W. H. Wickware May 17, 1903, and he died December 5, 1906. They had no children. VICTOR P. SAWYER, proprietor and successful operator of a fine farm of 116 acres in Brimfield township, Portage county, was born in that township on the 12th of September, 1848. His parents were Uriah and Caroline (Pike) Sawyer, and his earlier American ancestors came from. Massachusetts. The paternal grandfather, Uriah Sawyer Sr., was a native of Berlin, that state, born in 1778, and 1056 - HISTORY OF THE WESTERN RESERVE in 1817 he located in Brimfield township, about one mile west of the farm now occupied by Victor P. He had married Miss Sallie Spafford, by whom he became the father of nine children—Oliver H., Henry, William B., B. Frank, Lockhart, Sallie, Hannah, and two who died as infants. The last four were born in Brimfield township. Uriah Sawyer Jr. lived at home until his marriage, on July 3, 1836, to Miss Caroline Pike, daughter of Jeremy and Rebecca (Walbridge) Pike, who became settlers in Brimfield township about 1818. The children by this union were Victor P., of this sketch, and Adelaide R., now deceased. Mr. Sawyer has been an industrious, unassuming farmer all his life. His neighbors and fellow citizens, however, have long ago discovered his good points and useful qualities and have, induced him to attend to the public affairs of the township to some extent. For seven years he has served as trustee, and in 1900 performed the duties of real estate assessor, giving complete satisfaction in both capacities. In politics, he is a Democrat. For many years he has been a stanch member of the Universalist faith and served as a trustee of the local church. On September 27, 1870, Mr. Sawyer wedded Miss Eunice S. Kelso, daughter of William R. and Lucy (Sawyer) Kelso, and there have been three children born to them, as follows : Frank E., born September 20, 1871, now deceased ; Lucy C., born January 24, 1877, and Addie C., born March 20, 1882. Nearly forty years of happy wedded life have therefore been spent by Mr. Sawyer on his present homestead, and as he had resided there, at the time of his marriage, since 1860, it has been the scene of his joys and sorrows, his struggles, setbacks and successes, from his early boyhood until this period of his life, when he can look backward with satisfaction and view the future with the serene confidence of one who has no blur on his record. ALLEN N. BENJAMIN.—As a representative of that class of men who are giving an enduring character to the industrial and civic makeup of the historic old Western Reserve, it is most consonant that in this compilation recognition be given to Allen N. Benjamin, who is one of the progressive business men and honored citizens of the village of Madison, where he is engaged in the lumber, produce and feed business. Further than this, he is a native son of the Western Reserve and a member of one of its sterling pioneer families which came here from Connecticut, the veritable "mother" of the Reserve. Allen Nettleton Benjamin was born in the village of Kingsville, Ashtabula county, Ohio, on the 26th of June, 1866, and is a son of Rice E. and Sarah (Nettleton) Benjamin, the former of whom was born in Andover, Ashtabula county, and the latter of whom was a native of Kingsville. Rice E. Benjamin was a son of Nelson Benjamin, who came from Connecticut in the pioneer days and established his home in Ashtabula county, where he engaged in the milling business, having erected and operated a mill at Andover. He passed the closing years of his life in Kingsville, that county. Rice E. Benjamin learned the miller's trade under the able direction of his father, and as a young man he went to Sharon, Pennsylvania, where he operated a mill for a time. Later he became the operator of the "River"' mill, two miles south of the village of Madison, Lake county, Ohio, which he operated for the Datons, Frank and Arthur, for several years. He then removed to Nelson, Portage county, where he continued to be identified with the same line of enterprise until his death, in 1897, at the age of fifty-nine years. His first wife, mother of Allen N., died at the age of twenty-nine years, and he later married Mrs. Louise King, who survives him and who now maintains her home in the city of Detroit, Michigan. Of the two children of the first marriage, Allen N. is the elder, and his sister Fannie is the wife of Wallace Stocking, who is engaged in the lumber business at Geneva, Ashtabula county, Ohio. Allen Nettleton Benjamin remained at the parental home until the death of his mother, at which time lie was about eleven years of age, and lie was then taken into the home of his maternal grandfather, Alanson Nettleton, a representative farmer and citizen near Kingsville, Ashtabula county, where he was reared to maturity, in the meanwhile having been afforded the advantages of the public schools and also those of Kingsville Academy. Later he continued his studies' in the high school in Madison. Mr. Benjamin continued to be associated with his grandfather in the work and management of the farm until he was twenty-five years of age. when he engaged in the produce business in Madison, in company with H. G. St. John, and with whom he was associated for three years, after which he had as his partner, F. A. Cumings. This association contin- HISTORY OF THE WESTERN RESERVE - 1057 ued, trnder the firm name of A. N. Benjamin Company for a period of nine years, within which the firm built up a substantial business, and at the expiration of that time Mr. Benjamin purchased the lumber and feed business of the firm of Austin & Morley. In 1906 Mr. Benjamin erected his present finely. equipped mill, which has the best modern facilities for the manufacturing of all kinds of feed for farm stock, chickens, etc. The mill is operated by Producer gas, and is complete in its mechanical equipment and accessories. In addition to the manufacturing department of his business Mr. Benjamin also handles seeds of all kinds and has a large and well stocked lumber yard, in which are to be found all kinds of building materials and supplies. He also makes a specialty of buying and shipping farm produce, including onions, apples and potatoes, and his annual shipments of produce have reached an average of 600 car-loads. He is one of the leading dealers in this line in Lake county, and his business extends over a wide radius of country, as the farmers recognize his reliability, fair treatment and correct business methods. As a citizen he is essentially progressive and public-spirited, and his aid and influence are ever to be counted upon in the promotion of enterprises and measures tending to conserve the general welfare of the community. He gives an unqualified allegiance to the Republican party, and, while never a seeker of public office, he has served several terms as a member of the village council, with which he is thus identified at the time of this writing, in 1909. In the Masonic fraternity he is affiliated with Lake Shore Lodge, Free and Accepted Masons, and Geneva Chapter, Royal Arch Masons. On the 15th of August, 1894, Mr. Benjamin was united in marriage to Miss Nellie Cumings, who was born and reared in Lake county. Data concerning the Cumings family may be found on other pages of this publication, in the sketch of the career of her brother, Homer P. Cumings, of, Painesville. Mr. and Mrs. Benjamin have two children—Mary Frances and Allen Cumings. JAMES EDMUND FORD was born in Crawford county, Pennsylvania, near Conneaut Lake, July 4, 1830, and died June 25, 1961 at his home in Conneaut, Ashtabula county, Ohio, after a life of usefulness and honor, and one well worthy of emulation. He was a son of Thomas and Lydia (Rick) Ford, and a grandson, on the paternal side, of Christopher Ford, of Holland descent. Christopher Ford settled at the four corners of four 100-acre tracts of land east of Springboro, in Crawford county, Pennsylvania, and this spot later became known as Ford's Folly. From there he later came to Conneaut Harbor (now Jester) and conducted a hotel during the remainder of his life. He was the father of seven children, five boys and two girls : Schedwick, Edward, David, Isaac, Thomas, Julia A. (Howard) and Sarah (Wilson). Thomas Ford lived in Pennsylvania all his life. He was first married to a Miss Brown. Eight children blessed this union, five boys and three girls, as follows : Adinkins, Christopher, John, Thomas, Andrew, Liza, Julia and Loranda. Five children blessed the second union : David, William, Silas (now living in Pennsylvania), James E. and Daniel. His third wife was a Miss Wilson, and from this union three children were reared, namely : Margaret, Sarah ( Johnson), now living in Crawford county, Pennsylvania, and Alexander (killed at Fredericksburg during the rebellion). Christopher, David and Alexander were killed during the rebellion, while the rest died natural deaths. Thomas Ford's fourth and last wife was a Mrs. Dightman. No children came from this union. It was Mrs. Julia A. Howard who induced James Ford, of this review, to come to Conneaut, giving him her property here, and she remained with him until her death in 1886. During the later years of her life, a niece, Maggie Ford, lived with her, and to whom she willed her property, but the niece dying suddenly, the property was willed to James E. Ford, who cared for her in her old age. James E. Ford lived all his life in Pennsylvania, up to twenty years before his death, and then moved to Conneaut, Ohio. Before coming to Ohio he had lost heavily in oil speculations. He served his home county (Crawford, Pennsylvania) as auditor, and was at one time a candidate for county register. In early life he upheld the principles of the Republican party, but later became affiliated with the Greenback and Democratic parties. James E. Ford was married on July 2, 1868, at Dicksonburg, Pennsylvania, to Sally Henry, who was born in the same vicinity as her husband and was thirteen years his junior, being born June 5, 1843. She is a daughter of William and Sally Henry (both now deceased), both born at Meadville, Pennsylvania, and on 1058 - HISTORY OF THE WESTERN RESERVE the paternal side she is of Irish descent. Her grandmother was a descendant of the Christopher Martin family of Mayflower fame, and the latter's father and two brothers were officers in the Revolutionary war. Five children resulted from this union, namely, four daughters and one son : Permilia (McGuire), Mary Ann (Wilcox), Marie Ann (Fish), Sally Ann (Ford) and John, of which two—Marie Ann and Sally Ann—are now living. William Henry died at the age of eighty-two and his wife (Sally Ann) died at the age of eighty. Four children—three daughters and a son—were born to James and Sally Ford, namely : Lillian Zou, born in 1870, at home with her mother ; Pearley Victor, born in 1874, menti0ned below ; Lulu G., born in 1876, the wife of Robert MacFarland, and for a few years a school teacher, her husband being engaged in the lumber business in Conneaut, Ohio ; and Flossie D., born in 1882, a student of Delaware (Ohio) University, and now a stenographer and bookkeeper in the Mitchell Hardware Company's store at Conneaut. Pearley V. Ford is the manager of the carpet and wall paper departments in the C. W. DeVoe & Sons' department store at Conneaut. He is a graduate of the Conneaut high school, and is one of the city's rising young business men, now being director of the Board of Public Safety, of which he has been a member for several years. His wile before marriage in 1905, was Miss Laura LoLeta Cook, born in 1880, and they have a son, Edwin Cook Ford, born in 1905. AMOS E. LAWRENCE, attorney at law, Elyria, Ohio, was born on a farm in Florence township, Erie county, Ohio, February 9, 1862, son of Charles D. and Hanna E. (Green) Lawrence. He traces his ancestry back to Puritan stock which settled in this country in pre-Revolutionary times. Charles D. Lawrence was born in Massachusetts, October 12, 1838, son of Amos Lawrence, who was born in New Hampshire, February 27, 1812, son of Amos Lawrence, a soldier in the war of 1812. The father of this last named Amos Lawrence was a soldier in the Revolutionary war. About sixty years ago, Amos, the grandfather of Amos E., left, New England and came out to the Western Reserve. He first settled in Cuyahoga county, from whence, a few months later, he moved to Erie county, and took up his abode on a farm in Florence township, where the rest of his life was spent, and where his son, Charles D., carried on farming for a number of years. The latter is now living retired in a pleasant home in Birmingham, Erie county. He was reared in the Presbyterian faith, his father being a member of the Presbyterian church, but he and his wife are members of the Methodist Episcopal church, with which they have long been identified. Mrs. Lawrence was born in Michigan, daughter of Silas Green, of that state. Amos E. Lawrence passed the first eighteen years of his life on his father's farm. The family then moved to La Grange, Lorain county, where the young man attended high school and qualified for the work of teaching. For eleven years he spent his winters in teaching district school and village high school, In the mean time he married. He and his wife owned a farm in La Grange township, where they made their home, he carrying on farming operations and teaching at the same time. In 1897 he began reading law in the office of William B. Johnston, of Elyria, and in June, 1901, was admitted to the bar, immediately thereafter beginning the practice of his profession, and continuing alone until. May 1, 1907, when he entered into a partnership with Lorenzo D. Hamlin, under the firm name of Lawrence & Hamlin, which continued until September I, 1909, when it was dissolved, Mr. Lawrence continuing in practice alone. Politically, Mr. Lawrence is a Republican. While studying law, he was twice elected and served two terms as justice of the peace. In 1907 he was elected secretary of the Lorain County Bar, an office which he fills at this writing. Fraternally, he is identified with the Ancient Free & Accepted Masons, the Knights of Pythias and the Modern Woodmen of the World. At the age of twenty-two, Mr. Lawrence married Miss Josie Humphrey, a native of La Grange, Ohio, and a daughter of Sylvester G. and Laura (Ensign) Humphrey; the two children of this union are : Eva J., born January 19, 1887 ; and Sylvia 0., born November 27, 1889, is the wife of James M. Dougherty, of Lockport, Illinois, and they have one son, Harry L., born April 4, 1909. REUBEN SYLVESTER SMITH.-A man of excellent business capacity, energetic and progressive, Reuben S. Smith, of Jefferson, is widely known throughout this section of the country as a representative of the Huber Man- HISTORY OF THE WESTERN RESERVE- 1059 ufacturing Company, with which he has been associated as traveling salesman for a quarter of a century or more. A son of Sylvester Smith, he was born March 10, 1844, in Franklin, Delaware county, New York, where he spent his boyhood days. Sylvester Smith moved with his family from York state to Ohio in 1854, locating first in Lenox township, Ashtabula county, where he improved a farm of 175 acres. He subsequently sold out, and bought ninety acres of land lying two and one-half miles south of Jefferson. He was quite successful in his farming operations, which he continued until his death, June I, 1873, at the age of sixty-four years. He was a Democrat in politics, and a faithful and honored citizen, ever ready to advance worthy enterprises. He married Mary Gillette, a daughter of Major Joel Gillette, who served in the Revolutionary war, enlisting from Connecticut. The major moved with his family from New England to Delaware county, New York, in the early part of the nineteenth century. Some of the house furnishings which he took across the country with him are still in existence, being in possession of his grandson, who has succeeded to the ownership of the old Gillette home in Delaware county, among the things being a pork barrel, and a table that has been in the family 300 years. Mrs. Mary (Gillette) Smith survived her husband, dying September 24, 1888, at the age of seventy-eight years, her death being caused by a fall. They reared five children, as follows : Rachel, married George Plumley, of Jefferson, moved to Franklin, Delaware county, New York; and died November 16, 1861, aged twenty-eight years, leaving one child ; Mary M., married Merrick K. Pulsipher, of Dorset township, and died January I, 1908, aged seventy-two years ; Deloss, living in Cambridge,. Cowley county, Kansas ; Emma J. married James W. Pulsipher, and died, in Dorset township, October 1o, 1897, aged fifty-seven years ; and Reuben Sylvester. Ten years of age when he came with the family to Lenox township, Reuben S. Smith remained beneath the parental roof-tree until nineteen years old. He subsequently worked out by the month and season until he had accumulated some money, when, in company with his brother Deloss, he bought the old farm, which he conducted for two years, when he sold his interest in the place to his partner. Returning home, Mr. Smith assisted his father until 1866, when he married, and began farm ing on his own account. In 1890 he located in Jefferson, where he has since resided. For the past twenty-seven years Mr. Smith has traveled for the Huber Manufacturing Company, of Marion, Ohio, selling threshing machinery in different parts of Ohio and Pennsylvania. The firm, of which Mr. Smith and his son, Cecil U. Smith, are members, carries a complete stock, and is doing an extensive business, selling as high as forty threshing machines and engines a year, the business amounting to nearly $50,000. Mr. Smith is interested in the Jefferson Banking Company, being one of its officers. Mr. Smith married, December 19, 1866, Ellen M. Underwood, who was born in New Marlboro, Berkshire county, Massachusetts, April 30, 1847, and was brought when an infant to Lenox township, Ashtabula county, where she was reared and educated, and at the age of seventeen years began teaching school. Her father, Orville P. Underwood, married Elvira A. Chapin. He was a farmer by occupation, and died when but fifty-eight years old, of consumption. His widow passed away August 12, 1905, at the home of her daughter, Mrs. Smith, at the venerable age of ninety-five years. Mr. and Mrs. Smith have one child, Cecil, Underwood Smith, born September 7, 1867. He married Ruby M. Sheldon, and they have three children, Floyd. S., Florence Ellen, and Robert Sylvester. Politically Mr. Smith is a Republican. Religiously Mr. and Mrs. Smith are members of the Congregational church, and at its rebuilding, in 1908, was a member of the building committee. Fraternally Mr. Smith is prominent in Masonic circles, being past master of his lodge, past worthy priest of his chapter, a Knight Templar and a Shriner. Both he and his wife belong to Sunshine Chapter, O. E. S. Mr. and Mrs. Smith have traveled extensively in the west, in 1909 going to Alaska, taking in the Seattle Exposition and Yellowstone Park while en route. LORENZO DOW HAMLIN, attorney at law, Elyria, Ohio, dates his birth at Ridgeville Corner, Henry county, Ohio, August 21, 1867. His parents, Noah Crocker and Lydia Lucinda (Fauver) Hamlin, were both born in Ohio, the former in Dover, Cuyahoga county, December 14, 1833 ; the latter in Eaton township, Lorain county, April 8, 1840. On the paternal side, Mr. Hamlin is able to trace his ancestry back through many genera- 1060 -HISTORY OF THE WESTERN RESERVE tions to the founder of the family in America, who came here from England. David Hamlin, his grandfather, was a native of Lee township, Berkshire county, Massachusetts, the son of David, the son of Job, the son of James (4), son of James (3), son of James (2), son of James (1), who came from England in 1639, and settled at Barnstable, Massachusetts. This first James Hamlin was a member of Rev. Lathrop's congregation, most of the members of which came to America during the religious persecutions. Job Hamlin was an officer in the Revolutionary war ; was on the Plains of Abraham and witnessed the death of General Wolfe. Mr. Hamlin's mother is a daughter of Walter and Alzina (Cornell) Fauver, both the Cornells and the Fauvers having emigrated to Ohio from New York state. The great-grand father, James Cornell, married Betsy White ; the great-grandmother Fauver was a Shepherd. David Hamlin was the first of the Hamlin family to come to the Western Reserve. .He bought eighty acres of land at the foot of Superior street, Cleveland, for which he paid one hundred dollars. Later, he sold this and bought farm land at Dover, to which place he moved about the time the Crocker family settled there, and there the grandparents were married about 1830. They had eight children, all born at that place. During the Civil war grandfather Hamlin moved to Henry county, Ohio, where he died in 1869; grandmother Hamlin died at Elkhart, Indiana, in her eighty-ninth year. Noah C. Hamlin and Lydia L. Fauver were married in Eaton township, Lorain county, March 27, 1860, and that same spring they moved to Ridgeville Corner, Henry county, Ohio, where they remained until 1880. That year they returned to Lorain county, and he bought the old Cornell homestead, two and a half miles from the court house, where they still live. Lorenzo D. was educated at Oberlin and Baldwin Colleges, and on leaving college he emtered the employ of the Pennsylvania Railroad Company, with which he remained from 1889 to 1893. Before he had been with the company a year, he was promoted to the position of conductor, in which capacity he served two years. One year he was assistant dispatcher in the Pittsburg yards. After leaving the employ of the railroad company, he returned to Lorain county and bought the old William Brush farm, on the Grafton road, adjoining his father's farm, and here for some years he gave his attention to farming. In 1900 he began reading law in the office of Mr. Lee. Stroup, in Elyria. In 1902 Mr. Hamlin was appointed by Governor Nash to a position on the Canal Commission of the state, and served until July, 1903, after which he was appointed a member of the State Board of Public Works, and was on that board a year. In the mean time, December 8, 1903, he was admitted to the bar, and early in the following year he entered upon the practice of his profession, which he has since continued. Mr. Hamlin's father voted for John C. Fremont and has ever since continued to give loyal support to the Republican party, and Mr. Hamlin's vote also has been cast with this party ; more than that, he has been an active worker in Republican ranks, and at this writing is a member of the Republican county executive committee. Fraternally, he has membership in the Masonic order, the Woodmen of the World, and the Tribe of Ben Hur. In 1891 Mr. Hamlin married Miss Stella J., daughter of William and Facelia (Humphrey) Brush ; and they have four children : Fay Brush, David Walter, Lydia Lorena, and James Thurman. Mrs. Hamlin also is descended from New England ancestry, both the Brushes and the Humphreys having come to Ohio from Connecticut. F. E. GORDON stands at the head of one of the leading business enterprises of Conneaut and Ashtabula county—The Ohio Sand Company. This company was organized in 1879, but as early as fifty years ago a Mr. Keogh began to mine molding sand at Kingsville, and this sand became the first successful competitor to the famous Albany sand. Deposits were later found at Conneaut, and it is also mined at Shinrock, in Huron county, Ohio, and is found in layers some two feet in thickness under the soil south of Lake Erie. Geologists attribute its formation to the action of ice in the glacial period. The Ohio Sand Company, in which Mr. Gordon became a leading factor in 1893, now produces some twenty-five hundred carloads of this sand annually, and it is sold direct to foundries in the United States and Canada, being shipped direct through The Interstate Sand Company of Cleveland, sales agents, of which Mr. Gordon is the vice-president. About one hundred men are employed by the com- HISTORY OF THE WESTERN RESERVE - 1061 pany, their pay roll amounting to thirty-five hundred dollars a month, while the annual output exceeds one hundred and fifty thousand dollars. Besides his interests in the Ohio Sand Company and the Interstate Sand Company, Mr. Gordon is also the president and was one of the incorporators of the Citizens' Banking and Trust Company of Conneaut. He was made the first president of this banking company, and has remained in the offrce continuously since. Mr. Gordon was born in Cleveland, Ohio, July 9, 1856, a son of William L. Gordon, an Englishman, and a leading building contractor in Cleveland from 1845 until 1860, many of the old homes and leading business structures in that city before the war having been erected by him. He was one of the contractors interested in the building of the Western Reserve Historical Society's edifice. F. E. Gordon, the son, served as the superintendent of the Taylor & Boggis Foundry Company in Cleveland for a time, until 1890, and then for three years held a similar position with the Westinghouse Electric & Manufacturing Company of Pittsburg. During this time he had had wide use of the Conneaut molding sand, and after a thorough investigation of the supply, organized The Ohio Sand Company in 1893, and has succeeded in placing the industry among the important ones of this part of the state. He was married in Cleveland to his second cousin, Cordelia M. Gordon, daughter of Richard Harper Gordon, and a granddaughter of Horace Smith Cadwell, a pioneer of Padanaram, in Ashtabula county, and is the father of four children, but two died in childhood. Bessie May, a graduate of Wellesley and Oberlin Colleges, is the wife of Arthur S. Barrows, son of the late Professor Barrows, president of Oberlin College, and is with the Hibbard, Spencer & Bartlett Company of Chicago. Ruth, the second daughter, is at home with her parents, when not at Oberlin College.. Mr. Gordon has a pleasant home just west of. Conneaut, where he also maintains his office, and has a summer home on the shore of Lake Erie, known as Gordon Gables. JOHN AUSTIN.—After a career of signal. activity and productiveness and one marked by sterling integrity of purpose, Mr. Austin is now living virtually retired in the village of Madison, and is one of the well-known and highly esteemed citizens of hi§ native county, where he is now the only representative in his generation of a pioneer family whose name has been identified with the annals of the Western Reserve for nearly an entire century. Mr. Austin was a valiant soldier in the Civil war, has served as sheriff of Lake county, and held other offices of public trust, and to-day is enjoying that dignified repose which is the just reward of years of active and earnest endeavor as one of the world's workers. A man of "cheerful yesterdays and confident to-morrows," he finds that his lines are cast in pleasant places, as the shadows of life begin to lengthen from the golden west, being amidst friends tried and true, and having his home in the locality which has been familiar to him from his childhood days. Mr. Austin was born on the old homestead farm of his father, on the shore of Lake Erie, in Madison township, Lake county, Ohio, and the date of his nativity was September 14, 1841. He is a son of Joseph and Susan (Mitchelson) Austin, the latter of whom was born in Hartford, Connecticut, whence her parents later removed to Charleston, South Carolina, from which place they came to Ohio and took up their residence in Ashtabula county when she was a young woman. There was solemnized her marriage to Joseph Austin, who was born at Fishkill Landing, New York, a son of John and Peggy Austin, who came to Ohio in 1812, when he was a child of six years. In later years he recalled that his parents directed his attention to the sound of cannonading on Lake Erie, and that this was the report of the guns of the two fleets whose engagement led to the historic lake victory of Commodore Perry. The family settled in Geneva township, Ashtabula county, on the shore of the lake, where the father secured a tract of land and instituted the work of developing a farm from the wilderness. Both parents continued to reside in that county until their death, and there Joseph was reared to manhood under the conditions of the pioneer epoch. He there continued to devote his attention to agricultural pursuits for several years after his marriage, and in 1837 he removed with his family to Lake county and settled in Madison township, on the beautiful old homestead which was the birthplace of John Austin, of this sketch. He reclaimed a good farm and there continued to reside until his death, in 1876, at the age of seventy-two years. His devoted wife and helpmeet was summoned to the life eternal in 1867, and both were zealous members of the Baptist church. For nearly twenty years Joseph Austin oper- 1062 - HISTORY OF THE WESTERN RESERVE ated a lime kiln on his farm, securing the limestone from Kelly's Island, in Put-in-Bay, and he was the leading exponent of this line of industry in this section. Though never active in public affairs, he was well known in Lake and Ashtabula counties, and for many years familiarly and affectionately designated by the title of "Uncle Joe." In politics he was originally a Whig and later a Republican, and he was not only a man of the utmost rectitude, but also one of strong mentality and well fortified opinions. Joseph and Susan Mitchelson Austin became the parents of eight children, concerning whom are the following brief data : Serena first married Frederick Skinner, after whose death she became the wife of Archibald McKinstry, and she died at the age of seventy- six years ; Harriet was twice married, the name of her first husband having been Claflin, and of her second Mills, and she was seventy-four years of age at the time of her demise ; Amos, who had lived in Ohio, Michigan and Kansas, finally returned to Madison township, where he died at the age of sixty-nine years ; Mehitabel first married Matthew Atwater, after whose death she became the wife of Augustus Southwick, and she died at the age of sixty-six years ; Jane is the widow of Henry Pickerell and resides in Fresno, California ; John, the subject of this sketch, was the next in order of birth ; Horace and Nancy were twins, and the former, who married, removed to Michigan and thence to Illinois, where he died at the age of sixty-two years ; .Nancy was twenty-five years of age at the time of her death. John Austin was reared on the old home farm, and early began to contribute his quota to its work, while as a boy he enjoyed to the full the pleasures and attractions of Lake Erie, on whose shore the farm lies. He recalls that as a lad the sturgeon would approach close to the shore, so that their backs would appear above the surface, and he caught many of the fish, as did other boys, a number of whom remain to verify the fact here stated. Mr. Austin was afforded the advantages of the district school and continued to be associated in the work of the farm until he was twenty years of age, when he abandoned the plowshare to respond to the call of higher duty, when the integrity of the nation was placed in jeopardy 'through armed rebellion. In September, 1861, he enlisted as a private in Battery C, First Ohio Light Artillery, becoming a member of the same at the time of its organization. This regiment was recruited from the northeastern corner of Ohio and had several Madison men on its rolls. It was composed of twelve' batteries. With this gallant command Mr. Austin continued in service until the close of the war, having re-enlisted at the expiration of his first term. The battery to which he was attached had six guns, and he began his service as driver of a wheel team, and he thus served for twenty-eight months. After the battle of Chickamauga he was given charge of a gun, with eight men as gunners, besides a number of teamsters. He was promoted corporal of his company in 1862. He was slightly wounded on one occasion, but never sufficiently to necessitate his leaving the ranks. In the battle of Chickamauga thirteen men and thirty-six horses of his battery were killed, and he, alone and unaided, took his gun off the field, with but a single span of horses. This gun weighed thirty-six hundred pounds, and with the one team he hauled the same a distance of two and one-half miles, over rough land. At the time of the dedication of the monument to his regiment on the field of Chickamauga, in 1896, he was present to aid in designating the point where his battery stood. The history of the gallant command to which he belonged constitutes the record of Mr. Austin's military career, and it is not necessary to enter into details in this article. In the Atlanta campaign, it may be noted, his command was under fire for ninety-six days. Of the twenty-four men from Madison township who were members of the First Ohio Artillery, there were but five left when the organization disbanded. The command took part in the grand review in the city of Washington, and Mr. Austin was there mustered out, under general orders, on the 15th of June, 1865. He received his honorable discharge on the 15th of the same month, in the city of Cleveland. After the close of his signally faithful and valiant service as a loyal soldier of the republic, Mr. Austin assumed charge of the old homestead farm, to the supervision of which he continued to give his attention for nearly twenty years, and he severed this active association in January, 1884, when he, assumed the duties of the office of sheriff of Lake county, to which position he was elected in the preceding November. He removed to Painesville, the county seat, and gave an admirable administration of the affairs of the office to which he had been chosen. The popular appreciation of this gad was shown in his being chosen as his own successor at the expiration HISTORY OF THE WESTERN RESERVE - 1063 of his first term, and he thus remained incumbent of the office for four consecutive years. After his retirement from offrce, Mr. Austin returned to the farm, where he remained four years, at the expiration of which he sold the property and returned to Painesville, where he served a few months as city marshal. He then located in the village of Madison, where, in 1892, he formed a partnership with C. W. Stocking, and purchased the local saw mill and lumber yard, in connection with which a feed store also was conducted. The enterprise was continued under the firm name of Austin & Stocking for five years, and C. W. Morley then purchased the interest of Mr. Stocking. The firm of Austin & Morley continued the business for six years, at the expiration of which they sold the plant and business to A. N. Benjamin. During this interval of more than ten years the saw mill had been kept in operation, and it was supplied by the purchasing of standing timber by the firm, who thus made the enterprise successful. Since disposing of his interest in this business, Mr. Austin has lived retired, having an attractive residence in Madison, and being also the owner of other real estate in the village and township. He is at the present time a member of the village council, and also holds the office of township trustee of his native township. He is a stanch advocate of the cause of the Republican party and has been a delegate to its county and congressional conventions. He is an officer for the juvenile court and also holds the position of humane officer for the eastern part of Lake county. Mr. Austin is a valued and appreciative member of Brennan Post, No. 358, Grand Army of the Republic, in Madison, of which he is past commander, and is also affiliated with the Independent Order of Odd Fellows. He and his wife are most zealous and devoted members of the Baptist church, in which he is a deacon. No citizen of Madison enjoys more unalloyed popularity than this native son and veteran soldier, whose circle of friends is limited only by that of his acquaintances. In 1867 Mr. Austin was united in marriage to Miss Octavia Quirk, daughter of John and ane Quirk, of Madison township, where she was born and reared. Mr. Quirk was a native of the Isle of Man and came to Ohio when a young man. Mrs. Austin was summoned to eternal rest in 1891, and is survived by one child, Susan, who is the wife of C. W. Morley, of Geneva, .Ashtabula county. In 1893 Mr. Austin contracted a second mar- Vol. II-23 riage, being then united to Mrs. Helen J. (Wade) Pettis, widow of Daniel Pettis, of Madison, and a daughter of Harmon C. Wade, who was a prosperous farmer of Madison township and also a local preacher in the Methodist Episcopal church. He came to Ohio from Chautauqua county, New York, where Mrs. Austin was born, and she was a child of two years at the time of the family removal to Ohio. Mrs. Austin had two daughters by her first marriage : Ona Belle, who became the wife of William Coffin, and died at the age of twenty-six years ; and Elva L., who is the wife of Irvin D. Ketcham, of Willoughby, Lake county. CHARLES S. KENT, the well-known teacher at Mogadore, Portage county, is of an ancient family comprising large land Owners in England and in America several governors and leaders in every profession and honorable walk of life. The original emigrant to this country was Thomas Kent, who, in 1643, settled with his wife at Gloucester, Massachusetts. In 1678, about twenty years after the death of his father, Samuel Kent moved to Suffreld, Connecticut, and thereafter for several generations the family history is connected with the patriotic and useful members who resided in this locality. Elihu Kent was captain of a Suffield company of minute men in the Revolution, and left seven sons to commemorate his patriotism in that conflict, one of whom (by the same name) was a colonel. Another of his sons, Martin, was born at Suffreld, Connecticut, April 1, 1761, and several years prior to 1807 migrated with his family to New Hampshire, near Hanover. This is the member of the family who became its pioneer in the Western Reserve. In the spring of 1807 Martin Kent, Sr., left New Hampshire for town 1, range 9, Portage 'county, which is now the town of Suffreld, Portage county, then Trumbull county. Their adventuresome journey thither, as well as other details connected with the family genealogy, are elsewhere published (see biography of Horace H. Kent). Suffice it to say, that he became a large land owner and a leading citizen, and left six children to continue the fine family record in the Western Reserve. Josiah, the third son, was born at Suffreld, Ohio, May 16, 1811, and on December 1, 1835, married Miss Lucia Miller, who was born at Granby, Connecticut, February 14, 1816. After his father's death Josiah continued the pioneer HISTORY OF THE WESTERN RESERVE - 1064 home until his own decease September 27, 1894 ; his wife passed away April 22, 1900. In many ways Josiah (grandfather of Charles S.) resembled his father, being kind hearted and always ready to help a friend in trouble. He himself was the father of eight children—Dwight, Martin, Herbert, Norris, Duane M., Lorinda, Delia and Maria. Duane M. Kent was born at Suffreldield, Ohio, February 21, 1851, and on September 15, 1880, was married to Miss Mary Stone, whose birthplace was Tallmadge, that state, and the day, May 21, 1859. Two children were born of their union—Charles Stone, October 25, 1881, and Florence V., August 25, 1886. The former is a graduate of Oberlin College and, as stated, is engaged in teaching. TYLER WILKS is a member of one of the old pioneer families of Portage county, Ohio, and he was born in its township of Edinburg May 6, 1841, to John and Anna (Benton) Wilks, the father born in 1800 in Pennsylvania and the mother in Connecticut. The paternal grandparents, Samuel and Sarah Wilks, were both of English parentage, while the maternal grandparents, William and Roxie (Bryant) Benton, were from Connecticut and came to the Western Reserve in 1812. Coming from Columbiana county to Portage county in 1831 John Wilks bought 200 acres of land in Edinburg township, heavily covered with timber, and he at once started to clear his land. In 1885, he bought 123 acres in Rootstown township, just opposite his first property, and there he died just one year later, in July, 1886. Seven children, five sons and two daughters, were born to John and Anna Wilks, namely : Anna, who became Mrs. Jeremiah Fifer and died 1860, leaving two children, C. J. Fifer, of Berlin Center, Ohio, and Louisa, the wife of Michael Adolph, of Ravenna ; Sarah, who has never married and resides on 129 acres of the old home place ; John, who died at the age of twelve years ; Tyler, the subject of this review, Roxie, the wife of James A. Wilson, of Los Angeles, California, and they have two children, Frederick U. and Ethan W. ; Mary J., who died at the age of twenty-eight years ; and Lucy E., whose home is in Ravenna. Sarah Wilks has owned the home place since 1886, and her brother Tyler and his son reside there with her. Tyler Wilks remained at home with his parents until his marr0nge on June 6, 1865, to Emily J. Hannold, and of their five children, only two are now living, Thomas J., with his father and aunt, and Susan M., the wife of Frank Sanford and a resident of Rootstown township. The wife and mother is also deceased, dying in May of 1874, and in September, 1879, Mr. Wilks wedded Amanda E. Hines, born in Atwater township, a daughter of John and Annie Hines. The two children of this union are Mary and Clara, who reside with Miss Lucy E. Wilks in Ravenna. Mr. Wilks votes with the Republican party. DWIGHT, ROLLIN AND MARTHA STILLSON are proprietors of a farm in Brimfield township, Portage county. Dwight M. Stillson was born in Tallmadge, and Rollin S. Stillson was born in Brimfield township, on the farm he now owns, as was also his sister Martha. They are children of Alexander F. and Mary Anna (Stone) Stillson, the former born in Bethlehem, Litchfield county, Connecticut July 1820. His father, Amos Stillson, spent the last portion of his life in Brimfield, where he died October 6, 1870, his wife having died ten years previously at the old home in Connecticut. Mary Ann Stone's parents settled in the northern part of Tallmadge township in 1819, corning from Connecticut in ox-carts 'with Mrs. Stone's father, Lyman Sperry, and his family, the trip being the wedding journey of Mr. and Mrs. Stone. The oldest brother, Amadeus Sperry, settled in Streetsboro township, upon the place now occupied by his great-grandsons, William McDowell and Robert and Gleason Sperry. Alexander Stillson lived in his native state until 1857, and in that year came to Tallmadge, where he was married, and proceeded to Lawrence, Kansas. He had been a farmer and carpenter in Connecticut. He spent several years in Kansas, living near the home of the renowned John Brown, so prominent at the time of the Civil war. During the war Mr. Stillson suffered greatly from the depredations of Quantrell and his followers, and in the fall of 1863 Mrs. Stillson with two sons returned to Ohio, the father remaining until the following spring. In 1864 they settled in Brimfield township, on the farm now occupied by their two sons and daughter. Besides the three children already mentioned, they had three sons born in Kansas, namely : Mansfield Stone Stillson, who is married and lives at Galena, Kansas; Ira Fremont Stillson, who died in Tallmadge, Ohio, April 5, 1896, and Willie, who died in infancy. HISTORY OF THE WESTERN RESERVE - 1065 Dwight and Rollin Stillson purchased the farm of their father's estate, and do a general line of farming, besides making a specialty of dairy cows. They have a fine herd of Holstein cattle. The brothers and their sister are industrious workers and good business managers, and have prospered well in the fifteen years they have carried on this enterprise. ANDREW AND FRANK KURTZ, sons of Jacob G. and Mary (Zug) Kurtz, have lived in Brimfield township, Portage county, since the respective ages of eight and seven years. They have both followed agricultural pursuits, and the younger brother is quite well known in the educational and other public affairs of the township. Andrew was born February 7, 1865, and has remained single, now residing with his widowed mother. Frank Kurtz was born March 20, 1866, and resided at home until his marriage in 1885 to Miss Mary Swartz, a native of Suffield township, Portage county, who was born of German parents. They are the parents of three sons and four daughters, as follows : Pearl, who was born in 1888 and resides with her Grandmother Kurtz ; Estelle, who was born in 1886 and in 1908 married a Mr. Grund ; Dora, born in 1892, and Emmett, born in 1895, who live at home, and Howard and Harry (twins), born in October, 1900, who are also with their parents. Ruthie, born in 1897, died in 1899. The father of this family is a Democrat in politics, and has served his township as constable, member of the school board and trustee. He now holds the offices of councilman and township trustee. Fraternally he is affiliated with the Modern Woodmen of America. The Kurtz family has been established among the thrifty and intelligent Germans of Switzerland for several generations, the great-grandfather of Andrew and Frank being a native of the rugged little republic. Their father, Jacob G., was born in Lebanon county, Pennsylvania, and in the early fifties located with his parents in Suffield township, this county. He lived at home until his marriage in 1864, and in 1873 moved with his family to Brimfield township, where he died on his farm, March 20, 1907. His widow (nee Mary Zug) is still residing on the old homestead with her son Andrew.. Her father, who is nearly ninety years of age and is the first of five generations, is one of the most venerable residents of Suffreld township, as well as among its oldest pioneers. He first located in Springfield township in 1845, but soon afterward became a really permanent resident of Suffield. THOMAS M. MOORE, M. D.—An able representative of the medical profession in Lake county is Dr. Moore, who is engaged in active practice in the village of Willoughby, where he has a large and substantial clientage. He is a native son of the Western Reserve and both his father and his paternal grandfather were physicians and surgeons who practiced their profession in the historic old Reserve. As a physician and as a loyal and public-spirited citizen the doctor is well upholding the prestige of the honored name which he bears. Dr. Thomas Marlett Moore was born at Gates Mills, Cuyahoga county, Ohio, on the 15th of March, 1857, and is a son of Dr. Thomas M. and Eliza O. (Marlett) Moore. His father was a son of Dr. Thomas M. Moore, who was engaged in the practice of his profession in New York City until he came to Ohio and became one of the pioneer physicians and surgeons of Cleveland. As such his name appears in a directory of that city issued in the year 1837, and his residence is given as 18 Prospect street, now in the very heart of the principal business district of the Ohio metropolis. He finally removed to Gates Mills, in the same county, where he continued in the practice of his profession until his death. He was twice married, and his son, Dr. Thomas M. (2d), was the only child of the first union. The two children of the second marriage are Dr. P. G. Moore, of Wabash, Indiana, and Mrs. Martha Morrill, of Cleveland. Dr. Thomas M. Moore (2d) studied medicine under the able preceptorship of his father, later attended a medical college then located in Willoughby, Lake county, and finally was graduated in the Cleveland Medical College. He followed in practice his father at Gates Mills, and there he continued in the active work of his profession until his death, when about thirty-five years of age. His wife, Eliza O. (Marlett) Moore, was a daughter of Thomas and Fanny (Moore) Marlett, of Orange township, Cuyahoga county, Ohio, and of the three children the subject 0f this review was the second in order of birth ; Florence, the eldest, became the wife of Dr. N. A. Dalrymple, and they resided at Pasadena, California, at the time of her death ,'and Helen, the wife of H. B. Maxwell, of Pasadena. After the death of her first husband Mrs. Moore 1066 -HISTORY OF THE WESTERN RESERVE became the wife of Dr. A. H. Davis, of Gates Mills, whence they removed to Willoughby, Lake county, and finally they took up their residence in Pasadena, California, where Dr. Davis died and where his widow still. resides, being seventy-nine years of age at the time of this writing, in 1909. Dr. Davis had succeeded to the practice of Dr. Moore, at Gates Mills, and he removed to California about twenty years ago. His remains were brought back to •Ohio and were laid to rest in the cemetery at Willoughby. Dr. Thomas Marlett Moore, the immediate subject of this sketch, was five years of age at the time of his father's death, and he was then taken into the home of his maternal grandmother, Mrs. Fanny (Moore) Smith, of Warrensville, Cuyahoga county, Ohio; her first husband was Thomas Marlett, and after his death she became the wife of Erastus Smith. Dr. Moore remained in the home of his grandmother until he was fifteen years of age, and his early educational training was secured in the public schools of Warrensville. His grandmother died and he then returned to the home of his mother, in Willoughby, where he was reared to maturity and where he continued his studies in Willoughby College. He then began reading medicine under the preceptorship of his stepfather, Dr. Davis, and finally entered the medical department of Wooster University, in which he was graduated as a member of the class of 1878 and from which he received his well-earned degree of Doctor of Medicine. He at once entered into a professional partnership with his stepfather, Dr. Davis, with whom he was associated in practice in Willoughby for three years, and later succeeded to the practice of Dr. Davis, who removed to California. and he has since continued in the active work of his profession, having been a practitioner in Willoughby for more than thirty consecutive years. He took an effective post-graduate course in the celebrated Bellevue Medical College, New York City, in 188r, and keeps in close touch with the advances made in both branches of his profession, having a fine medical library and also reading the best periodical literature pertaining to medicine and surgery. His success in his chosen vocation offers the best attestation to his ability, and his practice is of a thoroughly representative order. He holds membership in the American Medical Association, the Ohio State Medical Society and the Lake County Medical Society. Though giving a stanch allegiance to the Republican- party, Dr. Moore has ever found the exactions of his profession fully adequate to demand his undivided attention, and has never been active in political affairs. He served two terms as a member of the village council. In 1881 Dr. Moore was united in marriage to Miss Ida May Scott, of Luana, Clayton county, Iowa, and a distant relative of his stepfather. Mrs. Moore was summoned to the life eternal in 1899, and of their two children one died at the age of three years. Florence Luana is now the wife of H. W. Meyer, of Pasadena, California. She received excellent educational advantages, having attended Harcourt College, at Gambier. Ohio ; Hamilton Institute, in Washington, a C., and also Throop School, in Pasadena, California. She is a talented musician, being a specially skillful performer on the violin. On February 5, 1908, Dr. Moore was united in marriage to Miss Nellie Ida Cadle, daughter of Edmund and Emily (Aston) Cadle, of' Mentor, Lake county, where her father is now living retired, after having been for many years engaged in the produce business in the city of Cleveland. Mrs. Moore attended Lake Erie College, at Painesville, Ohio, and was a successful and popular teacher in the public school at Painesville, Lake county, at the time of her marriage. REV. JOHN JAMISON PEARCE devoted many years of his life to the work of the ministry, but he is now living retired at Conneaut. He is known for his nobility and integrity of character and for his high and peculiar gifts of nature. Born in Wilkesbarre, Luzerne county, Pennsylvania, February 28, 1826, he is a son of the Rev. Marmaduke Pearce and Hannah Jamison, the latter a daughter of the last man killed by the Indians in the Wyoming Valley massacre. He was a descendant of John Alden, of Mayflower fame. Members of the Pearce family fought in the battle of the Boyne under William of Orange, and Colonel Cromwell Pearce, a brother of Marmaduke, was in the fort at the time General Pike was killed, and he was given the fallen General's command in the war of 1812. Marmaduke Pearce was one of the ablest members to grace the Methodist Episcopal ministry,• an influential member of. the Oneida Conference, and his last field was as presiding elder of Oneida Conference, where he was a presiding elder for years. He was born August 17, 1776, and died at Berwick, HISTORY OF THE WESTERN RESERVE - 1067 Pennsylvania, August 11, 1852; when seventy-six years of age. He was the father of three sons, the eldest of whom was Stewart Pearce, the historian of Luzerne county, Pennsylvania, the family genealogist, the postmaster of Wilkesbarre for eight years, a member of the state legislature during 1849-50, collector of tolls on canals and railroads in the state and who died in Wilkesbarre at the age of sixty-two years. During his lifetime he distributed twenty-seven thousand dollars to various benevolent., Cromwell Pearce, the second son, died at the age of fifty years. The Rev. John Jamison Pearce, the youngest of the three sons, received his education in a Quaker seminary under Thomas Mendenhall, and when less than eighteen years of age he began to preach the gospel as a circuit rider. A strong and forcible speaker, earnest and eloquent in the presentation of the truth, his efforts were blessed and he rose to a high place in his conference, laboring mainly during the latter years of his ministerial work in the larger cities, and he also served as presiding elder in three districts. In 1854 the Rev. Pearce was elected to Congress from the Lycoming district, Pennsylvania, serving during the sessions of 1855-6, being the youngest member of that session, and he is now its only survivor. He refused a renomination at the close of his term. Ben Wade was then the U. S. senator, while Joshua R. Giddings sat in the house, and Horace Greeley was his personal friend. In 1860 Rev. Pearce was a member of the general conference at Buffalo which changed the general rule relative to slavery. His influence has ever been found on the side of progress, of liberty and of right, and the effect of his labors have been far reaching. But in 1888 he retired from the active work of the ministry, and his home has since been in Conneaut and at his winter home in Tarpon Springs, Florida. He married Miss Elizabeth Dunn in 1848, a daughter of Washington Dunn, the owner of a large and valuable island in the Susquehanna river. The four children of this marriage union. are: Stewart Pearce, connected with the Nickel Plate Railroad at Conneaut ; Anna, the wife of Harry Schalk, also of Conneaut ; Bessie, the wife of F. A. Howard, of Chester, Pennsylvania; and Grace, wife of William A. Richey, connected with a packing house in St. Joseph, Missouri. COLONEL ROSWELL HUMPHREYS was a pioneer of Lake county, Ohio, and though he lived but comparatively few years after coming to the Western Reserve he left upon the pioneer community and its annals the impress of his sterling character and marked ability. Other members of the family also came to this county, and with its history the name has been identified for many years, while numerous representatives went from Ohio to play well their parts in other sections of the Union. Colonel Humphreys was born in Litchfield county, Connecticut, and was a scion of a family founded in New England in the colonial epoch of our national history. The old homestead in Litchfield county, Connecticut, was located at Winchester Center. Colonel Humphreys came to the Western Reserve in 1834, making Lake county his destination and settling on a farm just east of the present village of Willoughby, in the township of the same name. This place is now occupied by members of the family of the late Jacob Viall and it is altogether probable that the present dwelling was erected by Colonel Humphreys. There he continued to reside until his death, when about seventy-five years of age. He died about 1840, and thus was a man venerable in years at the time of coming to Ohio. Colonel Humphreys had served as colonel in the state militia of Connecticut, and at the outbreak of the war of 1812 he took his command to the state of New York, where he and his regiment were active participants in the various maneuvering of forces in the vicinity of Niagara Falls. He proved a gallant and able commander on the field of battle and his record in the war is a matter of history. He was accompanied to Ohio by his sons Oscar, William, Hiram, George, Roswell, Jr., and Horace J., and also by his daughter Betsey, who later became the wife of Rev. Correct Viall, a brother of Jacob Viall, whose name was prominently linked with the history of Lake county. After the death of her first husband the sister Betsey married a Mr. King, whom she survived, as did she also her third husband, whose name was Moore. She died in Lake county at a venerable age. All of the sons of Colonel Humphreys eventually found homes outside of Lake county, with the exception of Horace J. Oscar, the youngest of the sons, was a carriagemaker by trade and vocation and he located in Chicago in the days when it was a mere village, having been 1068 -HISTORY OF THE WESTERN RESERVE a resident there at the time when the Indians held their great powwow to decide whether or not they should kill the aged chief who counseled friendship with the white settlers and then attack the whites or should follow his advice. Oscar Humphreys became a successful business man in Chicago, whose development he witnessed until it became a city of more than a million population: He was there killed in a street .car accident at the time of the World's Columbian Exposition, in 1893, at which time he was eighty-four years of age. Horace J. Humphreys was reared and educated in Connecticut, where was solemnized his marriage to Miss Elizabeth McCalpin, who was born at Winchester Center, Litchfield county, that state, in a house which had been erected in 1771. They had seven children at the time of the removal to Ohio, and they settled in the village of Willoughby, Lake county, about 1835. Here the father operated a wagon shop for several years prio to his death, which 0ccurred about nine years after the removal to this county. He was fifty-four years of age at the time of his demise. One child was born after the removal from Connecticut, Oscar, born 1836 and he thus left his widow with the care of eight children. Soon after the death of her husband this devoted mother secured the present family homestead, and she erected on the lot the dwelling which has here stood for more than sixty years. She was seventy-four years of age at the time of her death and her memory is revered by all who came within the sphere of her gentle and gracious influence. She was a devout member of the Presbyterian church and was instinct with kindly deeds and generous sympathy. Concerning the children of Horace J. and Elizabeth (McCalpin) Humphreys the following record is consistently entered. Margaret, who became the wife of C. J. Koman, died at the age of fifty-two years. Helen, who was a teacher of painting and fancy work in the old Lake Erie Seminary, at Willoughby never married and lived to the venerable age of eighty-five years. Several of her paintings are still to be found in the old family homestead, which she long graced with her presence. Louisa, wh0 had been a successful and p0pular school teacher, died at the age 0f thirty-four years. John went to California in 1852, and there he remained many years, becoming a successful manufacturer of lumber. He returned to the east about 1886 and passed his declining days in the old family homestead in Willoughby, where he died at the age of seventy-eight years. Mary became the wife of Curtis R. Merrill and was about thirty years of age at the time of her death. 'William accompanied his brother John on the long and perilous overland trip to California, where he was engaged in mining until 1863, when he followed the rush into the gold fields of Nevada, whence he later went to Idaho, soon after the discovery of gold at Jordan Creek. He made the trail across the mountains, passing over Eagle mountain, and he was successful as a veteran prospector and miner, though he eventually lost a considerable amount of his money through the perfidy of a partner in his ventures. He lived up t0 the full tension of the wild life of the mining camps of the early days and remained in the west for forty-three years. He returned to the east in 1895 and since 1906 has lived a retired life in the attractive old homestead in Willoughby, in the companionship of his brother Oscar, both being bachelors. Hurlburt was a soldier in the Civil war and he died in Willoughby when sixty-two years of age. Oscar, the youngest of the sons, tendered his services in defense of the Union at the inception of the Civil war, enlisting in the First Ohio Independent Battery. He responded to President Lincoln's first call for infantry volunteers, but as the quota was full he entered the artillery arm of the service. He continued with his command for more than three years, starting as gunner and eventually being promoted to the office of sergeant. He was on detached duty at Charleston and Columbus, Ohio, after the Lynchburg and New River Bridge raid. He was given a sergeant's warrant and a captured gun to go on the raid and tried to burn New River Bridge with the cavalry in the winter of 1862-63, but the ice thawed and they were sent to Fort Delany opposite Charleston, West Virginia, and were there ten months before they were mustered for pay. Mr. Humphreys was mustered as corporal, but did not draw his pay as he wrote to his captain to muster him as a private. He was discharged as a private, but drew sergeant's pay, having never been court martialed or serving as a private. While in action Mr. Humphreys had charge Of a No. 1 gun and had a horse on which to ride during the march. He carried Colonel Hayes' pass through guards and pickets until further orders for eighteen months, and when he was president at the reunion at Fremont, Mr. Humphreys was made an honorary member of the Twenty- HISTORY OF THE WESTERN RESERVE - 1069 third Ohio. As already noted he remains with his brother William, in the old homestead, and both are held in high esteem. in the community. They are independent in politics and Oscar is a member of the Grand Army of the Republic. NAHUM B. GATES.--A strong and noble character was that of the late Colonel Nahum Ball Gates, of Elyria, who exerted a beneficent and emphatic influence in connection with business, public and civic affairs in the Western Reserve during the course of a long and significantly successful career. The greater part of his life was passed within the confines of the Western Reserve and he gained success and prestige through his individual ability and application, ever standing exemplar of that integrity of purpose which figures as the plumb of character and makes for objective valuation in connection with the varied relations of life. He held various offrces of public trust, was a potent factor in industrial and business activities and was one of the honored and influential citizens of Lorain county. His strength was as the number of his days and lie was summoned from the mortal life in the fulness of years and honors, his death occurring at his home in Elyria on the 9th of December, 1890. Colonel Gates, who gained his military title through his service in a local military organization, was a native of the old Green Mountain state and a member of a sterling family, of English lineage, that was founded in America in the early colonial epoch of 0ur national history. He was born in St. Albans, Vermont, on the 28th of September, 1812, and was a son of John and Abigail (Ball) Gates, wh0 took up their abode in St. Albans in 1800, upon their removal from their native state of Massachusetts. The parents continued to maintain their home in Vermont until their death. Colonel Gates was afforded the advantages not only of the common schools of the locality and period, but also pursued high branches of study in St. Albans Academy, a well ordered institution in his native town. That he made good use of his scholastic opportunities is assured when we revert to the fact that after leaving the academy he was for three years a successful teacher in the schools of his native state. In the spring of 1834, a few months after attaining to his legal majority, Colonel Gates came to Ohio and located in Elyria, where his elder brother, Horatio N., had established him self in the general merchandise business some time previously. Colonel Gates was employed as clerk in his brother's store in Elyria from September, 1834, until the following May, when he went to Cleveland, where he was employed for several months. He then returned to Elyria and soon afterward went to the village of Black River, now known as Lorain, where he opened a general store for the firm of Gates & Green, of which his brother was the senior member. He remained in charge of this establishment until 1838, and during the panic that ensued he was associated with his brother Horatio in the forwarding and c0mmission business at Black River, under the firm name of Gates Brothers. He continued to be thus identified with this line of enterprise until 1844. In 1838 he was elected sheriff of Lorain county, and from that time forward he maintained his home in Elyria, with whose development and progress he was most prominently' identified. In 1843 he here erected a saw mill and a sash, door and blind factory, which he operated for a number of years, and he also conducted an ashery, for the manufacture of perlash, for many years. In 1843 he was elected president of the village of Elyria, and this offrce he held for several terms, at varying intervals. As chief executive of the municipal government he did much to forward the best interests of the little city which so long represented his home and to which his loyalty was ever of the most insistent type. In 1844 he engaged in the general merchandise business in Elyria, where he conducted a profitable enterprise for a number of years. In 1850 he became a member of the board of directors of the Lorain Plank Road Company, and he was superintendent of its affairs for several years. In 1852 he was elected president of the Lorain County Agricultural Society, and during his regime the association enjoyed marked prosperity and popularity, since he gave to its annual fairs his personal supervision and made them excellent expositions of the varied industrial and commercial interests of the county. In 1862 President Lincoln appointed him collector of internal revenue for the Fourteenth district of Ohio, and he held this office until after the close of the Civil war. In politics Colonel Gates was originally aligned as a Whig, but he united with the Republican party at the time of its organization, and thereafter continued a stalwart supporter of its cause. He was a man of great practical 1070 - HISTORY OF THE WESTERN RESERVE ability as a business man and of broad mental ken, ever taking an intelligent interest in the questions and issues of the hour and in all that touched the prosperity and progress of his h0me town and county. He and his wife were zealous members of the Presbyterian church, and his long residence in Elyria, his upright life and careful judgment, and the many services he rendered the local public, made his name a synonym for character and sterling worth. On the 12th of May, 1841, was solemnized the marriage of Colonel Gates to Miss Sarah S. Monteith, who was b0rn in Clinton, New York, on the 9th of May, 1823, and whose death occurred in New York City on the 18th of April, 1893. She was a daughter of Rev. John Monteith, who was at one time professor of ancient languages in Hamilton College, New York, and who was a distinguished clergyman of the Presbyterian church. Colonel and Mrs. Gates became the parents of eight children, namely : John Q., who died at the age of four years ; Elizabeth, who is the wife of Dr. Alex W. Wheeler, a representative physician and surgeon in Cleveland, Ohio ; Mary, who died in infancy ; Charlotte, who is the widow of the late Rev. Theodore Y. Gardner, of Cleveland ; Charles A., who married Miss Mary Kelley, and is now a representative business man of Massillon, Stark county, Ohio; Miss Nellie, who resides in Cleveland and Elyria ; and William N. and Frederic H., of whom more specific mention is made in following paragraphs. William N. Gates. of Elyria and Cleveland, was born in Elyria, Ohio, on the 17th of October, 1857, and as a citizen and man of affairs has well upheld the prestige of the honored name which he bears. After attending the high school in Elyria he continued his studies in Oberlin College and Conservatory of Music for a period of two years. In 1878 he went to Massillon, Ohio, where he became bookkeeper for Russell and Company, and in 1880 he located in the city of Cleveland, where he entered the employ of N. Harrison, who there conducted an advertising agency. The following year Mr. Harrison failed in business and Mr. Gates assumed control of such part of the enterprise as remained available, establishing the newspaper advertising agency of W. N. Gates & Company, which 'title is still retained. By careful and honorable business methods, progressive policy and effective service he soon succeeded in building up a substantial business, and the same stands today on a parity with the leading enterprises of the kind in the Union. He is president of the company, to whose affairs he continues to give his personal supervisi0n. The business now has ramifications throughout the most diverse sections of the United States, and the main office is retained in Cleveland, where spacious quarters are occupied in the Garfield building. Branch offices are maintained in the Tribune building, Chicago, and the Brunswick building, New York City. William N. Gates has proven himself a man of broad business capacity, and has not confined himself to the one line of enterprise just noted. He is a director and a member of the executive committee of the Cleveland Trust Company ; a member of the directorate of the Eastern Ohio Traction Company, of Cleveland, director of the Maple Leaf Land Company, of the same city ; a director of the Electric Terminal Depot Company, of Cleveland; a director of the Elyria Savings Deposit Bank & Trust Company ; and a stockholder in various other financial and industrial concerns of minor importance. He is a trustee of Oberlin College and a member of its financial committee, a trustee of the Elyria Memorial Hospital, a member of Cleveland Chamber of Commerce and president of the Elyria Chamber of Commerce (in 1909), and president of the Home Garden Association of Elyria. He holds membership in the First Congregational church of Elyria, and he is now president of the Men's Club of the same. He is identified with the Elyria Country Club ; the Union and Euclid Clubs, of Cleveland ; the Cleveland and Elyria Automobile Clubs, and the Ohio chapter of the Sons of the American Revolution, and recently was elected a member of the board of education. Though never a seeker of public office, Mr. Gates is a stanch advocate of the principles and policies for which the Republican party stands sponsor, and he has rendered efficient service in the party cause. He is liberal and progressive as a citizen, and stands forth as one of the representative business men of the Western Reserve. On the 12th of May, 1897, William N. Gates was united in marriage to Miss Ada Laura Cook, daughter of Edward Leigh Cook, of Buffalo, New York, a member of one of the old and honored families of that city. Mr. and Mrs. Gates have four children—William Nahum Jr., Geoffrey McNair and John Monteith, twins, and Edward Leigh. Mr. Gates HISTORY OF THE WESTERN RESERVE - 1071 owns and resides in the fine old Gates homestead on East avenue, Elyria. This building was erected by his paternal grandfather in 1835 and is one of the oldest residences of the city. He remodeled and rehabilitated the building in 1901, but exercised scrupulous care in preserving the original lines and general interior arrangement of the old house, which is of effective colonial architecture. He has shown signal taste and consistency in retaining in the fine old homestead a full quota of its ancient and beautiful furniture, and he also has his grandfather's large and select library, which contains many rare volumes two and three hundred years old. The family is prominent in the social lrfe of the community, and the attractive home is a center of gracious hospitality. Perhaps its greatest charm has lain in the rare musical taste and ability of the Gates family, as handed down for several generations, almost every member being a singer or performer on some musical instrument. Frederic H. Gates, youngest of the children of the late Colonel Nahum B. Gates, the immediate subject of this memoir, was born in Elyria, Ohio, on the 10th of January, 1860, and to the public schools of his native town he is indebted for his earlier educational discipline, which was supplemented by a course in Williams College, in Massachusetts, in which institution he was graduated as a member of the Class of 1881, and from which he received the degree of Bachelor of Arts. In the year which thus marked his graduation Mr. Gates located in the city of Chicago, where he identified himself with the wholesale and retail coal business, and he thus continued until 1884, when he became a representative of Russell and Company, of Massillon, Ohio, having the management of its southern branch, in Atlanta, Georgia, for a period of ten years. He then returned to the north and became associated with his brother as a member of the firm of W. N. Gates & Company, newspaper advertising agents, already mentioned in this context, and gives to the same the major por tion of his time and attention, maintaining his home in Cleveland. From 1899 to 1906 he was in charge of the company's branch in New York City, and he now has charge of the main office in Cleveland. He is a Republican in his political proclivities, has attained to the thirty-second degree in Ancient Accepted Scottish Rite Masonry, and is vice-president of the Singers' Club, a member of the Univer sity and the Athletic Clubs, of Cleveland, and the Alpha Delta Phi college fraternity. On the 7th of February, 1887, Mr. Gates was united in marriage to Miss Annie Theus, of Savannah, Georgia. They have no children, HENRY J. EADY.—Among the prominent and successful men of Elyria, Ohio, is Henry J. Eady, who for nearly half a century has been closely identified with the business and social interests of the town, and who during this period has contributed his full share toward the building up and development of the community. Mr. Eady is a native of England. He was born at Cottesbrooke, Northamptonshire, April 28, 1846, son of Thomas and Susan (Holt) Eady, and grandson of Samuel Eady, an inn-keeper at Brixworth, England, during the old stage-coach days. Henry J. attended the schools of his native town in his youth, and in 1864, at the age of eighteen, he came to the United States, and to Elyria, Ohio, arriving at the latter place on December 3, 1864, and which has since been his home. After a brief time spent in farm work, young Eady was employed in the factory of Toplipp, Sampsell & Ely. In 1868 he began to learn the drug business as a clerk in the store of W. H. Park, in which business he engaged for himself in 1873, when he opened a store on Cheapside. He continued in the drug business for a period of thirty-two years, from 1873 to 1905, and during his long term of years his store was never closed for a full day. Selling out in 1905, he retired from active business. In 1885 Mr. Eady built a fine, three-story brick business house on the site of his first drug store at No. 106 Cheapside, and in 1892 he erected the handsome brick block at No. 122 Cheapside, a combination business and apartment building, which bears the name of "The Northampton," in honor of his native shire in England. Throughout the whole of his residence in Elyria, Mr. Eady has had at heart the best interests of the town. Republican in politics, from 1899 to 1903 he was a member of the City Council, and since January, 1908, he has been president of the board of public service. For years he has been a member of the Chamber of Commerce of Elyria, and he has been a member of the board of managers of Memorial Hospital since it was. organized. Also in both lodge and church he has long been active and influential. He is a Mason, an Odd 1072 -HISTORY OF THE WESTERN RESERVE Fellow and a Knight of Honor.. In the Knights of Honor he has for twenty-five years filled the office of treasurer, and for a number of years he has been warden of St. Andrew's Episcopal church. On February 16, 1876, Mr. Eady married Miss Charlotte Ellen, daughter of the Rev. B. T. Noakes, D. D., an Episcopal clergyman of Elyria, Ohio. GEORGE SOUTHWICK HARDY during many years has been actively identified with the public life of Conneaut, and his name is also enrolled among the trustees of the township of Conneaut. Born in Monroe township, nine miles south of this city, on the 26th of April, 1850, he is a son of William and Lydia Ann (Southwick) Hardy, and a grandson on the paternal side of Hance F. and Acenath (Chapin) Hardy. Hance Hardy was a son of Captain William Hardy, who was born in New Carlisle, Pennsylvania, November 3, 1797. He was left an orphan at the age of seventeen, and when eighteen he began carrying mail from Sandusky to Fort Meigs, a distance of 150 miles, and much of the way lay through the Maumee swamp. In about the year of 1803 this Captain William Hardy left Pennsylvania for Ohio, journeying with ox teams, but en route his wife died, somewhere west of Buffalo, and was buried in the woods. Captain and Mrs. Hardy had three sons, John, William and Hance. John reared a family in Monroe township, and died when past eighty-six years of age, while William reared his family in Pierpont township, Ashtabula county, and was also more than eighty years of age at the time of his death. Hance Hardy was six or seven years of age at the time the family moved to Ohio. When he had reached the age of twenty years he bought a farm in Monroe township, adjoining that of his brother John's. On the 1st of January, 1819, he married Acenath Chapin, and they spent their lives on that farm, Hance dying on the 23d of December, 1876, when nearly eighty years of age, and his wife, who was born May 4, 1796, died October 10, 1870. He carved a good farm from out the wilderness, and was numbered among the progressive and substantial residents of his community. For many years he was a deacon in the Congregational church at Kelloggsville, and the title clung to him during the remainder of his life. In the family of Deacon Hance and Acenath Hardy were the following children : Chloe P. who married Charles Crater and lives at P., ; Laura A., who married Porter Prince, of Pierpont township ; Margaret, who married William Odell and moved to Flint, Michigan ; William, mentioned below ; Julia, who died when young ; Caroline, who married a Charles Huntley and died in this state September 7, 1860 ; Matilda E., who married George Southwick and died in Monroe township ; and Jane M., who married William Vandepeer, moved to California, and died in 1904 ; they had three children. William Hardy was born in Monroe township, Ashtabula county, August 30, 1825. His home was a valuable farm of 300 acres one mile east of Kelloggsville, as good land as lies in the township, and since his death the property has been divided into two farms, but is yet in the possession of the family. There he passed away in death on the 17th of November, 1890, but is yet survived by his widow, nee Lydia Ann Southwick, who has reached the age of eighty-three years. Their five children are : Addie P., who became the wife of Quincy Case and died at her home in Kingsville ; George S., mentioned below ; Effie Matilda, the wife of W. A. Fuller, of Monroe township ; Hance F., who operates the Hardy homestead in Conneaut township ; and Nettie, the wife of C. L. Shipman, of Girard, Pennsylvania. George S. Hardy remained with his parents on their farm until he had reached the age of twenty-five, attending in the meantime the Kingsville and Austinburg Academies, and then, on the 6th of October, 1875, he was married to Emma E. Colby, a daughter of John and Maria (Fuller) Colby. She was born in Monroe township, and was twenty-two years of age at the time of her marriage. John Colby came from Vermont to Ohio with his parents when a boy of ten or eleven years of age, and he became one of the prominent farmers of Ashtabula county. During the four years following his marriage Mr. Hardy farmed near Kelloggsville, where he had purchased Mr. Colby's farm, and he then moved to Springfield, Pennsylvania, and spent some time in that city. Coming to Conneaut in 1883, he purchased his present home. Mr. Hardy is widely known as a lumberman, for during twenty years or more he has been operating mills and cutting timber, mainly in Monroe and Pierpont townships, but has also operated as far as Pennsylvania. During six years he Was also engaged in mercantile pursuits in HISTORY OF THE WESTERN RESERVE - 1073 Conneaut, a member of the firm of Weldon, Babbitt & Company, and the senior member of this old establishment, Ervine Weldon, has just recently died. During six years Mr. Hardy has also served his township of Conneaut as a trustee, and he has served his political party as a delegate to conventions and has been active in local public work. The trustees of Conneaut township had full charge in securing the Carnegie library, and Mr. Hardy was one of the leaders in the movement. Three children have been born to Mr. and Mrs. Hardy, namely : John, connected with the city railroad ; Callie, a graduate of Oberlin College and now a teacher in the Conneaut high school ; and Edward, in the supply store at Harbor. Mrs. Hardy and her daughter are members of the Congregational church. CARLOS A. TURNEY.—The sterling family of which Carlos A. Turney is a member was founded in the Western Reserve a full century ago, and this statement indicates emphatically that the name has been identified with the history of this favored section of Ohio from practically the time of its admission as one of the sovereign states of the union. Mr. Turney was born in the house in which he now resides, in Madison township, Lake county, 0n the 28th of January, 1835, and is the owner of the fine old homestead farm which has so long been in possession of the family and to the general supervision of which he still gives his attention. He represented his native county as a valiant soldier of the Union in the Civil war and well upheld the military prestige of the family, members of which were found enrolled as valiant soldiers in the Continental line during the war of the Revolution.. He is one of the representative farmers and honored citizens of Lake county, and it is gratifying to the publishers of this history to incorporate within its pages a brief review of his personal career and genealogical record. The Turney family was founded in America in the early colonial epoch of our national history and is of stanch English origin. Records extant show that at Concord, Massachusetts, in the year 1630, was solemnized the marriage of Benjamin Turney, the name of whose wife was Mary, and that in 1641 they removed to Reading, Connecticut. Their son, Captain Robert Turney, the next in line of direct descent to Carlos A., died in 1690, the Christian name of his wife having been Elizabeth. Robert, son of Captain Robert and Elizabeth Turney, was born.in Reading, Connecticut, and was married on the 18th of January, 1706, the Christian name of his wife being Rebecca. Their son Stephen married Sarah Squire, and his death occurred December 26, 1786. Asa, the son of Stephen and Sarah, was the founder of the Ohio branch of which Carlos A., of this sketch, is a representative, as he is a grandson of said Asa Turney. When but eighteen years of age Asa Turney enlisted as a member of a Connecticut regiment and went forth to valiant service as a patriot soldier in the war of the Revolution, in which his brother Aaron was captain of a company, while a younger brother Abel enlisted when but fifteen years of age. Capt. Robert Turney (our line) died in 1690. All of the brothers continued in service until independence triumphed, and thereafter Asa Turney followed a seafaring life for a number of years, having become captain or master of a merchant vessel and having held this position until he migrated to the wilds of Ohio, in 1809, and located on the farm now owned by his grandson, whose name initiates this article. He continued to reside on this farm until his death, which occurred when he was seventy-four years of age, on April 5, 1832. Concerning his children brief record is given in the following paragraph. Daniel, the eldest of the children, was married, in 1815, to Anna Cook, and he settled in Perry township, Lake county, where he died in 1841 and where his wife died in 1847. Phoebe, the second child, was married in 1814 to Erial Cook, who was born June 14, 1791, and was a farmer of Middle Ridge, Lake county, where she died March 4, 1852, at the age of sixty-one years, and where his death occurred August 5, 1868. David Turney was married, November 12, 1818, to Eunice Parmley, and he' died March 5, 1826, at the age of thirty-two years. His wife lived to attain a very venerable age. George Turney married, in 1820, Polly Parmley, and he died in Madison township in 1830, aged thirty-two years. His wife died October 14, 1847. Charlana was married in 1818 to James Gage, and died in 1827 in Madison township at the age of twenty-seven years. Her husband died in 1857, at the age of sixty-four years. Asa Squire Turney, the next in order of birth, was the father of Carlos A., and concerning him more definite mention is made elsewhere. Marvin Turney removed to Wayne county, Michigan, where he died at the age of eighty-six years. Eli Alvin, the only one of the children born in 1074 - HISTORY OF THE WESTERN RESERVE Ohio, finally removed to Amherst, Lorain county, this state, where he died when eighty-three years of age. The father deeded his old homestead farm to his sons Asa S., Marvin and Eli A. Asa Turney married Polly Downs, and he died in Madison township, on the 5th of April, 1832, at the age of seventy-four years. His wife died in 1835 at the age of sixty-seven years. In the year of 1809, as already stated, Asa Turney came to the Western Reserve from Reading, Connecticut, and the trip consumed sixty-one days. The long overland journey was made with a wagon and ox team, besides which one horse was brought along, the daughters taking turns in riding the same. The sons constituted the advance guard 0f the little family party, and they killed wild game and had it properly cooked for themselves and the other members of the family when the latter came on and joined them. Asa Turney was the fourth settler to erect a house within the limits of Madison township, Lake county, and this primitive log dwelling stood a short distance west of the present residence of his grandson, Carlos A. Turney. Asa Turney had purchased from the Connecticut Land Company a tract of heavily timbered land in Madison township for a consideration of one hundred and five dollars. This land lies east to the present village of Madison. Asa Turney and his family lived up to the full tension of the pioneer epoch, and he and his sons reclaimed a farm frorh the primeval forests. The little log cabin was a home in the true sense of the word, and though. its furnishings and conveniences were of the most primitive order, it was the abode of content and happiness. Asa Squire Turney was born at Reading, Connecticut, on the l0th of March, 1804, and thus was a lad of five years at the time of the family removal to Ohio. He was reared under the conditions and scenes of the pioneer days and his early educational advantages were therefore very limited. On the 17th of October, 1824, he was united in marriage to Miss Laura Hoyt, who was born at Reading, Connecticut, June 15, 1806, a daughter of Isaac and Hannah (Banks) Hoyt, who likewise were early settlers of Madison township, where the father, who was a member of the Society of Friends, secured a tract of wild land on the old Dock road, so named from the fact that it was the highway leading to the docks built by early settlers on the shore of Lake Erie, in Madison township. Asa S. Tur ney received by deed from his father thirty acres of the old homestead farm, and about the year 1829 he erected on the place the principal portion of the house now occupied by his son Carlos A. The house has since been enlarged and remodeled and is to-day one of the attractive residences of Madison township. In this dwelling Asa S. Turney continued to reside until his death. He was a man of marked mechanical skill, and for some time he worked at the shoemaker's trade, after which he erected a shop on his farm and engaged in the manufacturing and repairing of wagons, to which line of enterprise he gave the major part of his time and attention during his active career. He was a man of strong mentality and inflexible integrity of character, having been an elder in the Christian or Disciples' church, and having done active and consecrative service as a preacher in local pulpits. He was a great admirer of Alexander Campbell, the founder of the Disciples' church, and was amply fortified in his religious faith and convictions. He was one of the organizers and pillars of the church of this denomination at Geneva, lying over the line of Madison township, in Ashtabula county, six Miles distant from his home, and he labored with constant zeal and devotion for the uplifting of his fellowmen. Even prior to the founding of the Geneva Society he had been one of the organizers of the church in Perry township, Lake county, and in a memorial window in the present church edifice his name appears as one of the founders of the church. A life of signal honor and usefulness was that of Asa S. Turney, and on the 16th of February, 1886, he was summoned to eternal rest at the venerable age of eighty-two years. His cherished and devoted wife, a veritable "mother in Israel," died January 17, 1879, and of her it may well be said that her children "rise up and call her blessed." In the following paragraph is entered brief record concerning the children of this worthy pioneer couple. Nancy became the wife of Franklin Wyman. of Madison township, and was a resident of California at the time of her death ; Polly married Franklin Fellows and continued to reside in Madison township until her death ; Almira became the wife of Horace Norton and her death occurred on their farm, in Perry township ; Eliza Amanda remained with her father until his death and thereafter with her brother. Carlos A., until she passed away, at the age of fifty-nine years, never having married ; Carlos HISTORY OF THE WESTERN RESERVE - 1075 Asa, of this sketch, was the next in order of birth; Laura is the widow of Willard Martin and resides in the city of Cleveland; and Louisa, the widow of Minor Allen, maintains her home in Sacramento, California. Carlos Asa Turney was reared to manhood on the old homestead, which is still his place of abode, and to the common, schools of the middle pioneer days he is indebted for his early educational advantages, which were supplemented by a course in the Eclectic Institute, now Hiram College, at Hiram, Portage county. While he was there a student General James A. Garfield, later president of the United States, was a teacher, and Lucretia Rudolph, who became the wife of General Garfield, was a student in the institution. Mr. Turney reverts with pleasure to the fact that he resided in the same house and ate at the same table with General Garfield during his student life at Hiram, and he has ever retained a deep admiration for his former instructor, whose assassination was a source of personal bereavement to him. As a youth Mr. Turney assisted his father in the work of the wagon shop and later he was general agent for a nursery, in which connection he devoted about three years to selling fruit trees, principally in Michigan and the province of Ontario, Canada. In 1861, within two days after the attack on old Fort Sumter, Mr. Turney responded to President Lincoln's first call for volunteers, becoming a member of the local Madison organization known as Wright's Guards. This command he accompanied to the city of Cleveland, where it remained for some time. Mr. Turney was mustered into the United States service as a private in the Fifteenth Ohio Light Artillery, in December, 1861, and with his battery, comprising one hundred and fifty men, he proceeded to the front. His service covered all of the southern states except Florida and Texas, and he remained constantly with his command save for a period of about ten days, during which he was confined in a hospital as a result of sunstroke. As a private Mr. Turney had charge of the ammunition of a twenty-pound Parrott gun, and he remained with the same in every engagement in which his gallant command participated. He participated in thirty-two battles, besides many skirmishes and other minor engagements. The severest experience of the battery was at the siege of Atlanta, and in the siege of Vicksburg the two twenty-pound Parrotts, according to Captain Spear, fired 2,301 rounds of ammunition. Mr. Turney continued in active service for three years and three days and was in the city of Savannah, Georgia, when his term of enlistment expired. He was duly mustered out and received his honorable discharge at Columbus, Ohio, on the 26th of December, 1864. After the close of his long and faithful service as a union soldier Mr. Turney returned to the home of his father, who eventually deeded to him a portion of the old homestead, to which he has since added until he now has a valuable farm of one hundred and five acres, devoted to diversified agriculture and stock-growing and to the raising of grapes, to which he devotes eleven acres. He has ever commanded the unqualified confidence and regard of the community which has represented his home and from the time of his birth, and in his association with the great basic industry of agriculture he has gained a due measure of success, being one of the substantial citizens of his native township and county. Mr. Turney has never been an aspirant for public office, but is a stalwart supporter of the cause of the Republican party. He is affiliated with the post of the Grand Army of the Republic at Madison and is a zealous member of the Christian, or Disciples' church, in whose faith he was reared. His wife and children hold membership in the Methodist Episcopal church, in which Mrs. Turney's father was a most zealous and influential worker. On Christmas day of the year 1865 Mr. Turner was united in marriage to Miss Caroline Winchester, who was born in Madison township, Lake county, Ohio, on the l0th of May, 1842, and who is a daughter of Horace and Angeline (VanNess) Winchester. The Winchester family history begins with Ellhanan Winchester, a member of a wealthy family of Wales, who came to America in the early colonial days. The name of his wife is unknown. They had four sons and one daughter. He was a soldier of the Revolutionary war. The third son, Jonadab, was born February 2, 1795, and was a soldier in the war of 1812. At this time the family estate was near Albany. Jonadab completed his college course at the age of twenty-one, and married Eliza A. Castle, of Brattleboro, Vermont, who was then eighteen years of age. This event occurred in the year 1816. At that time a colony was leaving for western New York, then a wilderness with Indians and wild beasts. The ancestor's home was 1076 - HISTORY OF THE WESTERN RESERVE on the shore of Lake Chautauqua, which has since become the seat of the famous Assembly. These sturdy pioneers cleared away the heavy timber and won prosperity from the fertile soil. In winter, when snow was deep and work on new farms was over for the year, Jonadab sought the only school of the settlement. Later he was school examiner and justice of the peace. The family, who were Methodists, numbered three children : Clarissa, Horice and Eliza. In the year 1836 they came to Ohio and settled on the Middle Ridge in Madison. In 1852, for services rendered in the war of 1812, Jonadab Winchester was awarded one hundred and sixty acres of land at Green Bay, Wisconsin, the giant being signed by Millard Fillmore. Eliza A. Winchester died July 18, 1872, aged seventy-five years, And Jonadab Winchester, August 2. 1884, aged eighty-nine years. Horace Winchester and Angeline VanNess, parents of Mrs. Turney, were married January 31, 1849, the children of this union being : Jane, Ellen, Caroline, John and Annie. The father was elected captain of Madison Rifle Company, November 15, 1845, his commission being signed by Mordecai Bartley, governor of Ohio. He was an official member and liberal supporter of the Methodist Episcopal church. He died October 12, 1880, aged sixty-one years, Angeline, his wife, having preceded him, January 31, 1849, aged twenty-eight. Caroline Winchester, their daughter, was born in Ohio, May J0, 1842, and was educated at Madison Seminary, and for five years was a successful teacher in Lake county. On December 25, 1865, she married Carlos A. Turney, by whom she is the mother of the following children : Omar Asa, born November 1, 1866 ; Daisy Ellen, October 11, 1874 ; Cora Maud, February 21, 1876 ; and Hubert John, October 4, 1879. Omar A. Turney is mentioned more fully below. Daisy Ellen, the second child born to Mr. and Mrs. Carlos A. Turney, died March 18, 1875, at the age of five months and seven days. Cora Maud Turney, the third in order of birth, graduated from Madison high school, Geneva Normal and Geneva Business College, and she went to Phoenix, Arizona, where she remained two years. Returning, she entered Hiram College, graduating with the degree of Ph. B., in the class of '99. She was working for the Master's degree, when her health failed, and, going south with her parents, died in Thomasville, Georgia, April 10, 1901. Thus ended a promising Christian life, a bene diction to all who knew her. Hubert J. Turney graduated with his sister in 1899, with the degree of A. B., and two years later received the degree of A. M. from Hiram College. At the age of twenty he graduated from Cleveland Law School with LL. B., passed the bar examination at Columbus, but was not admitted until he had reached his majority. He then established himself in the practice of law at Cleveland, where he still remains. He was admitted to the United States Circuit Court at the age of twenty-two, and later passed the examination at Washington for admission to the Supreme Court of the United States, he being the youngest member ever admitted to this highest court of the land. Previous to this he finished the course and received the degree of Ph. D. from Wooster University, and for work done on medical jurisprudence he was honored with the degree of LL. D. from the University of Tennessee. He is captain of Company Fifth Regiment, Ohio National Guard. Captain Turney was married, June 10, 1908, to Miss Etta May Livingston. Captain Omar A. Turney, who is a native of Madison, Ohio, is a graduate from the engineering course of the University of Southern California, and also pursued a post-graduate course at Hiram College. He is a skilled civil engineer, at Phoenix, Arizona, being at present city engineer of that place and United States mineral surveyor for the territory. An especially high authority on irrigation and mining engineering, he is also a retired army captain, a citizen of prominence and .variously honored by scientific and professional societies. In 1904 he served as civil and irrigation engineer on the United States Geological Su vey and the United States Reclamation Service ; has also been city engineer of Mesa and Temple, Arizona. Captain Turney earned his C. E. degree from the University of Southern California, while Hiram College has conferred Sc. B., M. S. and honorary LL. D., and he received LL. D. degree from another university. He is also a member of the American Society for Testing Materials, American Association for the Advancement of Science, American Institute of Mining Engineers, Western Society of Engineers, Astronomical Society of the Pacific, Technical Society of the Pacific Coast, International Association for Testing Materials, Franklin Institute for the Advancement of the Mechanic Arts, American Mathe- HISTORY OF THE WESTERN RESERVE- 1077 matical Society, National Geographic Society, and American Society of Civil Engineers. Omar A. Turney and Viola J. Welden were married September t0, 1895, and have become the parents of the following : Harold Merle Turney, November 21, 1896, and Hubert Welden Turney, January 28, 1901. DR. JAMES E. WAITE, who has acquired his standing as a leading physician and surgeon of Lodi. Medina county, by more than twenty-seven years of successful practice, is a native of North Hampton township, Summit county, and was born on September 28, 1854. The forerunner of the family in the country northwest of the Ohi0 was the grandfather, Walter Waite, a native of Massachusetts, who came to Ohio in 1812 and first stopped near Bricksville, Cuyahoga county. From the latter he moved to Richfield, Summit county, and later to North Hampton township, buying a tract of land which he cleared and upon which he farmed and raised stock. He was twice married, his second wife being formerly a Miss Hovey and becoming the grandmother of Dr. Waite. The father, Abel L. Waite, was born in Summit county in October, 1830 ; remained on his father's farm until he was twenty-one and married Miss Mary McCloney of his native county. He then moved to Wisconsin ; was five years on a farm in that state, and upon his return to Summit county purchased a farm of 127 acres in North Hampton township. Adapting his operations to his land, his circumstances, the seasons and the state of the markets, he skilfully guided his affairs to prosperity, and lives now at Lebo, Kansas, as a leading citizen of that place. The doctor obtained his early education in district and select schools and then pursued a course of three years at Buchtel College, Akron. He then read medicine with Dr. Humphrey at Peninsula, Summit county, and in 1882 graduated from the Western Reserve Medical College at Cleveland. Soon after becoming entitled to his M. D. he located at Lodi and his constantly growing practice and the increasing strength 0f his deserved popularity have never allowed him to get far away. Besides establishing a substantial practice, he has been active in other affairs, being a director of the Lodi Exchange National Bank and the owner of a good farm of ninety acres in Westfield township. He is an active member of the Medina County Medical Society and the American Medical Association, and the high degree of his Masonry is indicated by his membershrp in Harrisville Lodge No. 137, F. & A. M. ; West Salem Chapter, R. A. M. ; Wooster Commandery No. 48, K. T. ; Scottish Rite of the Thirty-second degree. Before her marriage, Dr. Waite's wife was Miss Rachel Harris, daughter of Nelson and Fannie Harris, one of the prominent old families of Lodi. Two children have been born to their union. Their son, Harris, who is a graduate of the Pennsylvania State University, is a resident of Mansfield, Ohio, while their daughter, Mary Faye Waite, is living at home. OTTO GEORGE STEINBRUECK.—Many of our most enterprising and substantial business men have come to Ohio from the land beyond the sea, and of this number Otto George Steinbrueck is a worthy representative, holding, as he does, a firm position among the prosperous merchants of the Western Reserve, and being one of the leading druggists of Mantua, Portage county. A native of Germany, he was born, October 7, 1859, in Esslinger, Wurtemburg, and was there bred and educated. On both sides of the house he comes from distinguished ancestry, his father, who followed the profession which several of his uncles and many of his ancestors had previously followed, was military physician during the Franco-German war, in 1870, while his maternal grandfather was with Napoleon on his invasion of Russia. With aspirations and ambitions that could scarce be satisfied in the Fatherland, Otto George Steinbrueck came, in June, 1876, to the United States, where his sister, Wilhelmina, had been living for ten years. Going directly to Milwaukee, Wisconsin, he sought a position in a drug store, having in his natiye country obtained some knowledge of drugs, and was there employed as a clerk for four years. The ensuing four years he was similarly engaged in Fort Wayne, Indiana. Coming then to Ohio, Mr. Steinbrueck was here engaged in the drug business on his own account for six years, after which he spent tw0 years in Chicago, Illinois, and subsequently was in business for himself in Toledo, Ohio, for six years. Locating in Mantua in 1899, he has since been actively identified with the mercantile interests of this part of Portage county, having by energetic toil and good business methods built up a large and lucrative 1078 - HISTORY OF THE WESTERN RESERVE drug trade, and obtained a leading place in financial, political and social circles. Mr. Steinbrueck married, June 7, 1903, for his second wife, Ella Williamson, who was born in Richfield township, Lorain county, the wedding ceremony being performed in Ravenna. By his first marriage, Mr. Steinbrueck had one child, Gretchen, born August 6, 1892. Taking an active interest in local affairs, Mr. Steinbrueck is now serving as a member of the city council of Mantua, having been elected in 1907 for a term of two years. He is influential in fraternal circles, being a Royal Arch Mason, a member of the Order of the Eastern Star, of the Knights of the Maccabees, of the Royal Arcanum, and is especially prominent among the Knights of Pythias, being past chancellor of his lodge, while,' in 1893, in Atwater, where he was then managing the drug store of Frank H. Spiers, he organized a Knights of Pythias lodge of sixty-three members. HON. DAVID S. TROXEL, president of the Troxel Manufacturing Company, and former mayor of the city of Elyria, Ohio, was born at the old Troxel homestead near Wooster, Wayne county, this state, March 2, 1864. Three generations of the Troxel family have been residents of Ohio. Peter Troxel, the first of that name who came to the state, was born in Berks county, Pennsylvania, in 1804. He was a young man of twenty-one when, in 1825, he came to Wayne county, Ohio, and settled on a farm near Wooster, a portion of which he bought from the government, the purchase price being $1.25 an acre. On this farm the father of Mayor Troxel was born in 1833, and here he lived all his life, carrying on farming, and from time to time filling various township offices. He died July 25, 1908. His widow, who before her marriage was Miss Sarah Schaum, was born near Wooster, Wayne county, Ohio, in 1834, and is still living. David S. Troxel's youth was spent not unlike that of other farmer boys of the Middle West, in work on the farm and in attendance at the district schools. In 1886 he accepted a position as clerk in a village store, where he remained one year, and after which he took a course in a business college. Then he went to Colorado. In Denver he was employed as bookkeeper in a hardware store, but only for a short time, for in 1889 we find him engaged in the hardware business on his own account in that city. This business he conducted nine years, and he still owns it. While in Denver he invented a bicycle saddle, and in 1898, leaving his store in charge of his brothers, lie came to Elyria to look after the manufacture of his invention. For a time, after settling here, he was connected with the Garford Manufacturing Company. Then he organized and incorporated the Troxel Manufacturing Company, for the manufacture of his saddles, and has since been its president and manager. Also he is financially interested in other Elyria industrial concerns, and is a member of the board of directors of the National Bank of Elyria. Mr. Troxel has always been a stanch Republican, as were his father and grandfather before him, and in November, 1907, he was honored by his party with election to the office of mayor of Elyria. The same business ability and good judgment that have been used to advantage in his private affairs, he brought to the mayor's office, with the result that his administration was a non-partisan and businesslike one. During his term, many public improvements were made in Elyria, among them being the erection of two new fire stations, the paving of streets and the building of sewers. Mr. Troxel is identified with numerous fraternal organizations, being a. member of Kin Solomon's Lodge, No. 56, F. & A. M.; Mar shall Chapter, Elyria Council, Elyria Com- mandery, Knights Templar, and Al Kora Temple, Mystic Shrine. He is also a member of the Elks and Eagles and the Knights of Pythias. He is a member of the Elyri Chamber of Commerce. Mrs. Troxel, formerly Miss Ida Brandt, wa born in Ashland county, Ohio, and is a daughter of David Brandt. GEORGE H. CLEVELAND bears a name that has been long and prominently associated with the mercantile life of Conneaut. In 1832 Cyrus Cleveland, his father, located in Conneautville, Pennsylvania, twenty-two miles southeast of Conneaut, Ohio, whither he went to join a friend. But after one year there he decided to return to New York, his native state, or to Cleveland, but a friend at Conneaut, who was the proprietor of the Mansion House, persuaded Mr. Cleveland to remain here and go in business with him, which he did. He then began selling goods in this city, an occupation he had previously followed at Schuylerville, New York. Thus Mr. Cleveland became the pioneer merchant of Conneaut, and he was in business first with a HISTORY OF THE WESTERN RESERVE - 1079 nephew, under the firm name of C. & J. V. Cleveland, but later he operated alone, carrying a general stock of merchandise, almost anything from a darning needle to a steam engine. In the interest of this business he made trips to New York twiceb0ath year, journeying on a packet boat on the Erie canal from Buffalo, and his was the largest business of its kind in Conneaut. His house was located on Main street, and finally, in 1861, he erected the Cleveland Block, an imposing three-story structure. Mr. Cleveland continued at the head of this establishment until about 1877, when he became the secretary and treasurer of a paper company, of which he was one of the leaders in organizing, but this venture proved unprofitable, and the house finally, burned, causing him a great loss. His residence, now the home of his son, George H., was erected about the year 1835, and is one of the oldest residence buildings in the city, and there this pioneer business man passed away in death on the 5th of March, 1892, when eighty-four years of age. Cyrus Cleveland was born in Saratoga, New York, and was of the seventh generation from Moses Cleveland, of W0furn, Massachusetts, and was a son of Josiah Cleveland. Of this same family was another Moses Cleveland, who was born in Connecticut, and came to the Western Reserve in 1796, as agent for the Connecticut Land Company. In that same vear he established a city at the mouth of the Cuyahoga river, which was named by the company in his honor, and which they fittingly said might become "as large as his nature." Cyrus Cleveland married Eliza Lattimer, who was born at Saratoga, New York, August 24, 1808, and died at Conneaut, Ohio, April 5, 1891, a daughter of John and Jane ( McCutchan) Lattimer, of Scotch descent. She was an active member of the Baptist church, and Cyrus Cleveland was also an active supporter of that organization. He was the first president of the Mutual Loan Company, now the Mutual Loan and Trust Company. Two sons were born to the marriage union of Cyrus and Eliza Cleveland. Giles, the .elder, born February 9, 1830, was reared to a mercantile life, and he went to LaFayette, Indiana, and to Salt Lake, as a salesman. He .died at the old home in Conneaut. George Henry Cleveland was born November 18, 1840, in the old home where he yet lives, and he, too, was reared to the life of a merchant in his father's store and in time became his father's partner, the firm name Vol. II-24 then becoming C. & G. H. Cleveland. After the senior member's retirement, two of their clerks, C. W. Benton and Charles Cheney, bought his interest, the name then becoming Cleveland, Benton & Cheney. After some years, however, Mr. Cleveland bought his partners' interests and continued as the sole proprietor of the business until about 1888, a period of twenty-six years. In later years the business has been closed, but Mr. Cleveland still retains the block which bears his name, and which is still used for store purposes. After retiring from the mercantile business, he conducted the Commercial Hotel for one year, but is now living retired, in the old Cleveland home. He married, on the 16th of December, 1862, Lydia Ann Stafford, who was born at McKean, Pennsylvania, July 15, 1841, a daughter of Samuel and Hannah (Kelly) Stafford. Mrs. Cleveland died on the 26th of October, 1902, the mother of four children : Minnetta Eliza, wife of G. H. Thornton, of Conneaut ; Merritt Cyrus, a hotel proprietor in Wilkes-Barre, Pennsylvania ; Laura Harriet, the widow of John R. Leggitt, and living with her father; Clarence Stafford, in the employ of the Conneaut Dock Company. The sons built and operated for a time the Cleveland Hotel, the location being given them by their father, and it was once the site of the old Cleveland home. The hotel is now rented. Mr. Cleveland, Sr., is a Democrat in his political affiliations, as was also his father, and he is a member of St. Paul's Episcopal church and one of its trustees and vestrymen. He is also prominently associated with the Masonic order, holding membership relations with Evergreen Lodge, No. 222 ; Conneaut Chapter, R. A. M., No. 76 ; Conneaut Council, No. 40 ; Cache Commandery, No. 27 ; Lake Erie Consistory of the Valley of Cleveland ; Al Koran Temple of the Mystic Shrine. He is also a member of the order of Elks, Connrsut Lodge, No. 256. HARLAN P. GILL is another of the native sons of Lake county who has here attained to success and gained a secure place in the confidence and esteem of his fellow men. He is now one of the representative business men of the village of Madison, Lake county, where he conducts an admirably equipped grocery and meat market, of which he has been the sole proprietor since January, 1909, prior to which he was associated in the enterprise for several years with C. A. Phelps, under the firm name 1080 - HISTORY OF THE WESTERN RESERVE of Gill & Phelps. This partnership was dissolved in December, 1908, when the original store was destroyed by fire. Mr. Gill has been engaged in business in Madison for the past decade, save for an interim of six months, and his original business was confined to the meat market, to which he gradually added his stock of groceries until he now has one of the leading establishments of its kind in Madison. Mr. Gill was born in Perry township, Lake county, on the 22d of November, 1862, and is a son of Francis E. and Fanny (Blakely) Gill. His father was born in Madison township, this county, in the year 1836, and is a son of John and Harriet (Trumbell) Gill, who were numbered among the sterling pioneers of Lake county. John Gill purchased a tract of land about four miles south of the present village of Madison, and there reclaimed a farm from the forest. Both he and his wife remained on the old homestead until their death. Francis E. Gill was reared to manhood on the home farm and there he devoted his attention to agricultural pursuits, in connection with which he gained prestige as one of the representative farmers of his native county, where he ever commanded the unqualified respect of all who knew him. In 1857 was solemnized the marriage of Francis E. Gill to Miss Fanny Blakely, daughter of Nathaniel and Polly (Shaw) Blakely, who were pioneer settlers of Madison township, Lake county, where she was reared. Francis E. Gill became the 0wner of a part of the old homestead farm in Madison township, where he maintained his home until about 1886, when he removed to the village of Madison, where he became the owner of a grist and saw mill, to the operation of which he gave his attention during the remainder of his active career. He continued to make his home in Madison until his death, which occurred in 1906, at which time he was seventy years of age. His wife preceded him to eternal rest by about eight years, and both were consistent members of the Methodist Episcopal church. He wag a Republican in his political proclivities, and while never active in public affairs, he served for some time as trustee of Madison township. Francis E. and Fanny (Blakely) Gill became the parents of three sons and two daughters, concerning whom the following brief data are given : Lloyd B. is engaged in the manufacture of barrel hoops, in the city of Columbus, Ohio ; Harlan P., the subject of this sketch, was the next in order of birth ; Evelyn became the wife of Wallace Stocking, and died at the age of twenty-two years ; John is a successful farmer of Lake county ; and Bertha is the wife of Bert Riker, a farmer near Painesville, this county. Harlan P. Gill was reared to manhood on the old homestead farm which was the place of his birth, and he early began to aid in its work. His educational discipline was secured in the public schools of Madison township, and after his school days were ended he continued to be associated in the work and management of the home farm until he had attained to the age of twenty-four years, when he went to Ellsworth county, Kansas, where he took up a homestead claim of government land, upon which he remained six years, in the meanwhile duly proving up his title. The climatic conditions in the Sunflower state made serious inroads on his health and a change became necessary. Under these conditions he sold his farm, on which he had made substantial improvements, and returned to his native county, where for a time he was employed by others, after which he established his meat market business, from which he eventually developed into his present prosperous enterprise, of which mention is made in the opening paragraph of this sketch. Mr. Gill is known as a progressive business man and as a loyal and public-spirited citizen, and he enjoys unequivocal popularity in his native county. In politics he gives his allegiance to the Republican party, and he served several years as a member of the village council of Madison, as well as a member of the board of education. Since 1900 he has been incumbent of the office of treasurer of Madison township, and he has ably administered the fiscal affairs of the township. He is affiliated with the local organizations of the Independent Order of Odd Fellows and the Knights of the Maccabees, and both he and his wife are zealous members of the Methodist Episcopal church of Madison, of which he is a trustee. In 1885, when twenty-three years of age, Mr. Gill was united in marriage to Miss Lillian E. Phelps, a daughter of Abel W. Phelps, a sketch of whose life appears on other pages of this work. Mr. and Mrs. Gill have two children : Mavrett, who is a member of the class of 1909-10 in Madison high school, and Harlan Phelps, who is likewise attending the public schools. V. R. JOINER.—Recognized as one of the most intelligent and respected .men of his com- HISTORY OF THE WESTERN RESERVE - 1081 munity, V. R. Joiner, living just east of the village of Jefferson, has been associated with the agricultural and business interests of this part of Ashtabula county for many years, and through his own energetic and persevering efforts has accumulated a handsome competency. A son of Erwin Joiner, he was born December 12, 1838, in Conneaut township, this county. His paternal grandfather, Captain William Joiner, commanded a company in the Revolutionary war, while his brother, Colonel Erastus Joiner, commanded a regiment of soldiers during the struggle of the colonists for independence. Captain Joiner resided for many years in Erie, Pennsylvania, but spent his closing days in Conneaut, Ohio, dying at the age of ninety-six years, at the home of his son Erwin. A native of Rutland county, Vermont, Erwin Joiner learned the cooper's trade when young, and afterwards became a shoemaker. Moving with his parents to Erie, Pennsylvania, he worked for awhile at the trade of a stonemason. Coming in 1840 to Ashtabula county, Ohio, he bought land in Sheffreld township, and was there employed in tilling the soil eight years. Selling out in 1848, he resumed work at his trade, locating in Conneaut. He died June 27, 1891, in Sheffreld township, at the venerable age of ninety-seven years. He married Euphemia Moore, who was born in Canada, and came with her parents to Ohio. She died in 1848, while yet a comparatively young woman. Ten years of age when his mother died, V. R. Joiner received limited educational advantages. As a lad he worked with his father at the stonemason's trade, but when sixteen years old began working as a farm hand. Wages were then at the minimum, he having received but 25 cents for a day's work which began at sunrise and ended at sundown. This sum was afterwards increased to $12 a month. In 1862 Mr. Joiner entered the employ of Lewis A. Thayer, a lumber manufacturer at Conneaut, who was cutting off the timber from his own land, and for five years worked as a teamster. Subsequently Mr. Joiner, in company with Mr. Thayer, purchased 307 acres of timber land in Denmark township, the trees being principally whitewood, hemlock and ash. The company :hired a mill, cut the logs into lumber, which Mr. Joiner hauled to Ashtabula, sixteen miles away, for 108 workin days, not missing a single trip. The business proved very profitable, the sales in the last year amounting to about $10,0OO, the first year being not quite as large. Mr. Joiner had to borrow money to buy his share of the land, but at the end of the two years, when the land had been cleared, he found himself clear of debt, and with a bank account of $3,000 Subsequently investing his savings in land, Mr. Joiner bought a farm of 114 acres in Jefferson township. He has since added improvements of great value, having placed the greater part of the land under cultivation, and erected substantial buildings. He has since bought forty acres of adj0ining land, and for a number of years was engaged in general farming, making dairying a special feature of his line of industry. He also dealt in stock to some extent, buying and shipping in large lots. In 1895 Mr. Joiner left his original farm, and settled on his present estate of thirty acres, near the village, where he has a neat and cozy home. While still engaged in active farming, Mr. Joiner became one of the original stockholders of the cheese factory, which was of great advantage to the community. Mr. Joiner was also a shareholder in the Second National Bank and holds stock in the Jefferson Banking Company. He is a straightforward Republican in politics, and has never shirked the responsibilities of public offrce, having served for many terms as school director, and as township trustee for ten years, an office which he has held* the past seven years. For forty years, following the example of his early benefactor, Mr. Joiner has kept a diary, each day recording his business transactions, at the end of the week making a summary showing the exact condition of his financial affairs, keeping his accounts as systematically as any one engaged in mercantile or other business pursuits. November 12, 1867, Mr. Joiner married Dell C. Thompson, a daughter of Ashael Thompson; a Conneaut merchant. She died July 3, 1897, after almost thirty years of happy married life. She taught school several terms, and ably assisted her husband in advancing his education, which had been neglected in his youthful days. She also kept a diary, recording the more interesting events of her daily life. Mr. and Mrs. Joiner reared two children, namely : Lina E., now having charge of the old home farm and Bernice C., who, although but a school girl at the time of her mother's death, has since devoted her time to her father, remaining with him as housekeeper. She is a woman of worth, and a conscientious member 1082 - HISTORY OF THE WESTERN RESERVE of the Congregational church. Mrs. Joiner belonged to the Baptist church. ASA S. HARDY.—Now living retired in the attractive little village of Unionville, Madison township, Lake county, Mr. Hardy is one of the venerable and highly honored citizens of this section of the county. He was engaged in the general merchandise business in Unionville for thirty years, ever active, energetic and industrious, and not the infirmities of years caused his retirement, but rather the fact that his store was destroyed by fire. He then came to a realization of the fact that he was entitled to a surcease of such active application to business, and he is now enjoying that repose and generous comfort which are the just reward for years of earnest toil and endeavor. He built up a business which in magnitude would have done credit to a city of very appreciable population, drawing his trade from a wide radius of country and holding the inviolable confidence and esteem of his many patrons. He is a member of a family long established on American soil, the same having been founded in New England, that cradle of our national history, in the early colonial epoch. A man of large mental resources, Mr. Hardy finds, now that he has retired from active business, that time does not hang heavily upon his hands, and he is enjoying the pleasures of his library and of current periodicals and. news- papers to an extent that was not previously permitted him, .owing to the exactions of his business. Mr. Hardy was born in the township of Shelburne, Franklin county, Massachusetts, on September 16, 1833, and is a son of John and Sarah M. (Stratton) Hardy, both of whom likewise were natives of Shelburne township, where they passed their entire lives and where the father's vocation was that of a farmer. The Hardy family is of stanch Puritan stock and was early founded in Massachusetts. The subject of this sketch was afforded the advantages of the common schools and a well ordered academy in his native state, after which he entered Amherst C0llege; in which historic old institution he was graduated as a member of the Class of 1861, with the degree of Bachelor of Arts. At the age of seventeen years he began teaching in the common schools, and through his pedagogic labors he earned the funds to defray the expenses of his college course. In the autumn of 1861, a few months after his graduation, Mr. Hardy came to the west, first locating in Michigan. At Richland, Kalamazoo county, that state, he was engaged in teaching in the Prairie Seminary until January, 1863, when he went to Cleveland, Ohio, where he became principal of the graded schools, in which position he had the executive supervision of the work of twenty-five subordinate teachers. That his ability and his effective services met with popular appreciation in the Ohio metropolis is evident when we revert to the fact that he held the position noted for the long period of twelve years, at the expiration of which he voluntarily retired. He then, in the autumn of 1874, removed to Unionville, Lake county, which place has since represented his home. Here he succeeded N. Stratton in the ownership of a general store which was founded in the pioneer days; by Dan Cleveland, and which had been conducted consecutively during the long intervening years, and of which Mr. Hardy was the fourth owner and the last. Upon assuming control he added various departments to the store and greatly amplified its facilities, making it a first-class general store, in which were handled a great variety of lines of merchandise, including dry goods, clothing, boots and shoes, hats and caps, drugs, groceries, etc. He continued the enterprise with unvarying success f0r thirty years—up to the time that the store building and warehouse were destroyed by fire, in 1904, entailing a loss of about $6,OO0 above the insurance indemnity. The business had been permitted to run down by its former owner, but he soon gained a secure hold upon the confidence of the people of this section, and by his fair and honorable dealing built up a very large and representative trade. His last year's. business represented transactions to an aggregate of fully $40,000, and he carried a stock of goods of an average valuation of about $12,000. The regular salesroom or store was not of large dimensions, but in the rear the reserve stock was kept in a commodious warehouse, to which recourse could be had on the shortest notice,. and usually with the result that the customer found the article he wanted. Indeed, it was a common saying in the community that at "Hardy's" a man could find anything he wanted. Mr. Hardy gave his undivided attention to his business, working early and late, and giving his personal supervision to every detail, so that he not only held his affairs well in hand, in so far as knowing exactly how his business stood, but was able also to anticipate HISTORY OF THE WESTERN RESERVE - 1083 and supply the needs and demands of his large trade. After the loss of his store he decided to continue his residence in Unionville, where his circle of friends is limited only by that of his acquaintances, and where his interests have centered for so long a period of years. His decision was a source of unalloyed gratification to all who knew him. Though never animated by aught of ambition for public office, Mr. Hardy has ever accorded a stanch allegiance to the Republican party and has taken a lively interest in the questions and issues of the hour. He and his. wife have long been zealous members of the Congregational church. Mr. Hardy is a man of high intellectuality, and during the long years of a business career of activity and countless exactions, he has never lost his taste for study and for the reading of good literature—a fact that, as already intimated in this context, proves a matter of deep satisfaction to him now that he can devote more time to indulgence of this predilection. On the 28th of June, 1870, Mr. Hardy was united in marriage to Miss Mary E. Earle, a daughter of George W. Earle, a representative citizen of Richland, Michigan. She was a former pupil of her husband and later was graduated in Rockford Seminary, at Rockford, Illinois, in which school she became a successful and popular teacher, as was she later in Cleveland, Ohio. Mr. and Mrs. Hardy became the parents of seven children, concerning whom the following brief data are given : Asa S., the first born, is now an attorney of Grangeville, Idaho, and is very successful as a lawyer ; Charles W. and Sarah W., twins ; Sarah died at the age of thirty-three ; Charles W. is secretary of the Wood Live Stock Company of Spencer, Idaho ; Roy, who was graduated in the high school at Geneva, Ashtabula county, and was a member of the junior class in Oberlin College at the time of his death, when twenty-two years of age ; Sarah, as were all of the children who attained to maturity, was graduated in the Geneva high school and became an expert stenographer, being employed as such up to the time of her death, at the age of thirty-three years ; Charles W., who assisted his father in the work and management of the store until the same was burned, is now secretary and bookkeeper of the Wood Live Stock Company, of Spencer, Idaho; Mary T. is assistant librarian of the public library in the city of Grand Rap ids, Michigan ; and Faith F. is a member of the Class of 1911 in Oberlin College. CHARLES WELLS BRAINERD, the able and popular postmaster of Mantua, Portage county, is a member of one of the well known pioneer families of this section of the Western Reserve and one that was founded in America in the early colonial epoch. He is the only son and eldest child of Enos P. and Margaret (Wells) Brainerd, and was born in Randolph township, Portage county, Ohio, on the 2d of January, 1845, and in the agnatic line is a representative in the seventh generation in the line of direct descent from Daniel Brainerd, who was brought over from England in 1649, when eight years of age, and who lived with the Willis family in Hartford, Connecticut, until he had attained to his legal majority. It is probable that the original spelling 0f the name was Brainwood. Daniel Brainerd or Brainwood first married Miss Hannah Spencer, of Lynn, Massachusetts, and his second wife was a wid0w, Mrs. Hannah Sexton. The nine children were all the offspring of the first marriage. Daniel Brainerd was born in 1641 and died 0n the 1st of April, 1715, at the age of seventy-four years. Elijah Brainerd, son of Daniel and Hannah (Spencer) Brainerd, was born at Haddam, Connecticut, June 10, 1677, and his marriage to Miss Mary Bushnell, of Norwich, Connecticut, was s0lemnized on the 28th of September, 1699. They became the parents of seven children, and after the death of his first wife he contracted a second marriage, on the 6th of September, 1738. Elijah Brainerd Jr., great-great-grandfather of him whose name initiates this review, was born September 22, 1706, and on the 4th of April, 1732, he married Miss Phebe Bailey, who bore him ten children. Of these children the next in line of direct descent was Zachariah Brainerd, who was born February 6, 1742, and who was married to Miss Mehitable Clark on the 29th of November, 1764. They had eleven children, of whom Joseph was born in Haddon, Connecticut, October 7, 1782. In January, 1811, he married Miss Desire Utley, who did not long survive. On the 5th of July, 1813, he married Miss Nancy Post, and their son, Enos Post Brainerd, father of the subject of this sketch, was born at Leyden, Lewis county, New. Y0rk, November 25, 1814. On the 4th of August, 1836, Enos P. Brainerd married Miss Margaret Wells, who was born at Ravenna, Portage county, Ohi0, June 4, 1084 - HISTORY OF THE WESTERN RESERVE 1816, a daughter of John F. Wells, one of the honored pioneers of this county. Enos P. Brainerd died in Mantua, this county, on the 31st of July, 1897, and his devoted wife was summoned to the life eternal March 21, 1880. They became the parents of two children, of whom Charles W., of this review, is the eldest and the only one now living; Mary Adelaide, who was born in Ravenna, March 4, 1850, and who was married to Frazier Hurlburt, November 2, 1868, died in Ravenna, October 11, 1878, leaving one child, Florence A., then three years of age, now Mrs. Charleon Lester, of Chicago, Illinois. Enos P. Brainerd married second Miss Augusta L. Jones, of Winthrop, Connecticut. She died in Ravenna, Ohio, August 16, 1893. Charles W. Brainerd was reared to manhood in Ravenna, Portage county, where he duly availed himself of the advantages of the union school, in which he was graduated in June, 1864, under the principalship of D. D. Pickett. He thereafter supplemented this discipline by a thorough course in the Iron City Mercantile College, Pittsburg, Pennsylvania. In the spring of 1867 Mr. Brainerd engaged in the produce and feed business in Ravenna, becoming associated in this enterprise with Albert G. Mason, under the firm name of Brainerd & Mason. In 1871 this firm closed out its business and in the following year Mr. Brainerd engaged in the drug business with his father, under the title of E. P. Brainerd & Son. They purchased the drug stock and business of Charles and Alvin Poe, and they continued the enterprise in the original location, in the Swift block, until 1874, when they purchased and removed to the H. L: Day store, in the Phoenix block, where the business was continued until the spring of 1884, when the firm was dissolved. Charles W. Brainerd then removed the stock to Mantua Station, the name of which village was changed to Mantua about 1906, and later he sold his stock and business to Dr. S. E. Dechon. In May, 1897, Mr. Brainerd was appointed postmaster of Mantua Station, and this office he has retained during the intervening period of more than a decade. He has given a most careful and efficient administration of the affairs of the office, which has been advanced from the fourth to the third class and which is now the fourth in importance in Portage county. He is held in unqualified esteem in his native county and his course has been marked by inflexible integrity of purpose in all the relations of life, so that he has an inviolable hold upon popular confidence. His political allegiance is given to the Republican party, in whose cause he has rendered effective service. He is a charter member of the local lodge of Masons. On the 2nd of January, 1867, Mr. Brainerd was united in marriage to Miss Celia J. Peck, daughter of Joshua and Julia E. (Gager) Peck, of Warren, Trumbull county, Ohio, where she was born April 21, 1844. Mr. and Mrs. Brainerd became the parents of five children, of whom four are living. Their names, with respective dates of birth, are : Charles Hurlburt, April 5, 1870; Harry Wills, October 26, 1871; George Richard, February 17, 1873; Lilla, October 10, 1874 ; and James G., born September 11, 1876, died November 22, 1878. BEMUS BUCKLEY.-Energetic and industrious, with progressive and liberal views, Bemus 'Buckley, of Mantua, is associated with the mercantile interests of this part of the Western Reserve as a jeweler, having a well established and lucrative business in that line. A native of Pennsylvania, he was born, April 15, 1841, in McKean county, a son of Daniel Buckley. The eldest child of the parental household, he maintained the Buckley record by first opening his eyes to the light in April, the month in which the first-born of the family for many generations had chosen as the one in which to make their advent in this beautiful world. He comes of patriotic New England stock, his great-grandfather on the paternal side having been born in Connecticut, about 1735, and having served as captain of a company in the Revolutionary war. Azel Buckley, grandfather of Bemus Buckley, was born, in April, 1794, in Eastern, New York, and his wife, whose maiden name was Mary Rowley, was born in the same state, her birth occurring in 1797. Daniel Buckley, born in Allegany county, New York, April 15, 1815, married Sally Evans, who was born in Syracuse in 1819, a daughter of Rev. John Pendle Evans. John P. Evans was born, about 1779, in either Wales or Scotland. At the age of eleven years, unaccompanied by any of his family, he came to America, landing on the banks of the James river, at or near Jamestown, Virginia, and a few years later settling in Syracuse, New York. He was self-educated, and while yet a comparatively young man became a Baptist preacher. Moving to Pennsylvania in 1838, he bought a tract of wild land in McKean county, and by dint of strenu- HISTORY OF THE WESTERN RESERVE- 1085 ous labor cleared and improved a farm, on which he lived until his death, in 1856, carrying on general farming successfully, and as opportunity occurred, preaching the gospel in surrounding towns. He married Hannah True, who was born in New York state in 1798. Soon after starting in business for himself, Bemus Buckley located with his family in the Western Reserve, at Mentor, in Lake county, near Kirtland, at one time headquarters for the Mormons, who there erected a fine temple. In September, 1895, Mr. Buckley settled in Chardon, Geauga county, where he was engaged in the jewelry business two years. The next five years he was similarly employed in Mentor, Ohio, from there coming, September 3, 1902, to Mantua, where he has gained the good-will and patronage of the community, and is now one of the leading jewelers of the city. Mr. Buckley married, first, Electa J. Drake. Of the three children born of that uni0n, but one is now living, namely : Fred L., who married, February 22, 1886, Susia B. Hodges, and is now living in Springville, New York. Mr. Buckley married, second, November 21, 1897, in Chardon, Ohio, Mrs. Ruby A. Smith, daughter of Jonathan and Sylvia Ann (Curtis) Smith, the former of whom was born in Bradford county, Pennsylvania, in 1815, and the latter in Cattaraugus county, New York. Politically, Mr. Buckley is a Republican, and in May, 1908, was elected councilman for a term of two years. During the Civil war, Mr. Buckley served for three years as musician, being first a bugler in the Eighty-fifth New York Volunteer Infantry Band, and later belonging to the Company K, One Hundred and Forty-sixth New York Volunteer Infantry, from which he was honorably discharged July 26, 1865. On account of his services he was made eligible for membership in the Grand Army of the Republic, and belongs to Bently Post, No. 294. Fraternally, he is a member of the Free and Accepted Masons, and religiously, he belongs to the Disciples' Church, of Mentor. BENJAMIN FRANKLIN TURNER.—By inheritance, education, training and experience especially fitted for a business career, Benjamin F. Turner is an active assistant in promoting the mercantile prosperity of the Western Reserve, and as one of its leading grain merchants is carrying on an extensive and lucrative business, operating three large elevators, one in Avery, one at Kimball and one at Front. He likewise deals largely in seed and in coal, having a substantial trade in each, and also in livestock. A native of Erie county, Ohio, he was born December 29, 1867, in Milan, 0n the farm where his father, the late Reuben Turner, spent his entire life. He comes of New England stock, Benjamin D. Turner, the founder of the American family of Turners, having emigrated from England to the United States in colonial days, settling in Killing-worth, Connecticut. Peter Turner, the great grandfather of Benjamin F. Turner, was born in Killingsworth, Connecticut, in 1746, and served gallantly as a soldier in the Revolutionary war. His son, B. D. Turner, the next in line of descent, was a pioneer settler of Erie county, Ohio, coming here in the early part of the nineteenth century. A farmer by occupation, he took up a tract of wild land in Milan, and by means of persevering labor redeemed a homestead from the wilderness, and there brought up his family. Reuben Turner was born on the parental homestead, in Milan, February 8, 1836, and there resided until his death, January 29, 1909. an honored and respected citizen. Although his early education was that to be obtained in the pioneer schools of his day, he was a keen observer of men and of events, and through his natural shrewdness and much good reading became one of the best informed and most intelligent citizens of his community, and a leader in .public affairs. Succeeding to the possession of the old homestead, he carried on general farming with excellent results, and established an extensive business as a dealer in grain, becoming one of the foremost grain merchants in the county. Prominent in the Democratic party he took an intense and intelligent interest in political matters, and was much sought as a public official, but usually declined the flattering offers made him, although he did serve four years as treasurer of Erie county. He was an active member of the Presbyterian church, in which he was for many terms an elder. He married, in Perkins, Erie county, Ohio, Sarah Miller, wh0 was born May 10, 1836, in Pennsylvania, and came as a child with her parents to Perkins, where she resided until her marriage. After leaving the common schools, Benjamin F. Turner completed a course of study in a business college, and as soon as old enough engaged in the grain business with his father. Quick-witted and observant, he obtained a 1086 -HISTORY OF THE WESTERN RESERVE thorough knowledge of the details of trade, and on the death of his father succeeded t0 the entire business, and as a dealer in grain, seed, coal and livestock, is meeting with characteristic success, his operations being extensive and remunerative. Mr. Turner married, in Milan, December 3, 1890, Githeria Anderson, and they have one child, Paul Reuben Turner, born in 1893. Independent in politics, Mr. Turner has never aspired to public office, preferring to devote his time and energies to the management of his business affairs. Religiously he is a member of the Presbyterian church, which he has served as trustee. Fraternally he is a member of Erie Lodge No. 239, F. & A. M. ; of Milan Chapter No. 135, R. A. M. ; of Norwalk Cornmandery No. 19, K. T. ; El K0ran Temple, A. A. 0. N. M. S., of Cleveland ; and of Norwalk Lodge N0. 730, B. P. O. E. FRANCIS J. FULLER.—An able representative of the great basic industry of agriculture in Lake county is Francis J. Fuller, whose fine homestead farm is located in Madison township. lie was born in the city of Cleveland, Ohio, on the 18th of September, 1858, and thus is a native of the historic old Western Reserve, to whose history and that .0f its people this publication is devoted. He is a son of Horace and Joanna Armstrong (Downing) Fuller. Horace Fuller was born at Attleboro, Massachusetts, in which commonwealth the family was founded in the colonial days, and there he was reared and educated. He continued to reside in Massachusetts until 1849, when he removed to Cleveland, Ohio, where he entered the employ of McNarry & Claflin Car Works, pioneer manufacturers of railroad cars in that city. He was a skilled mechanic in various lines. He finally engaged in business for himself as a railroad-bridge contractor, and in connection with his operations in this line he went to the south, where he was thus engaged at the outbreak. of the Civil war. His freely expressed views on the slavery question and his pronounced northern sympathies in the climacteric period culminating in the war naturally made him persona non grata in the south, whence he escaped at a time when feeling against him was so bitter that a rope had been made ready for his execution. He returned to Cleveland, where he 'became a leading contractor and builder, and he devoted his attention to this vocation for forty years. He assumed contracts for the completion of buildings in their entirety, whether of stone, brick or wooden construction, and among the monuments t his skill in this line stands the old stone church on the public square in Cleveland, as well as the court house of Cuyahoga county (the old one) in the same city. He is now living retired in the village of Willoughby, Lake county. His wife was a member of an old family of Long Island, New York, and her parents resided for some time in Albany, that state, whence they removed to Cleveland, Ohio, when she was a girl. There her father, Jacob Downing, engaged in the sale of spices, and being succeeded by the firm of S. C. Smith Carter Company, and then S. C. Smith & Co., the change in the firm's name being caused by death. Under the last title the business is still continued. Mrs. Fuller was summoned to the life eternal in 1902, leaving two children. Horace Fuller is a stalwart advocate of the principles of the Republican party and his religious 'faith is that of the Presbyterian church, of which his wife also was a devout communicant. Francis J. Fuller, the immediate subject of this review, was reared to maturity in the city of Cleveland, where he was afforded the advantages of the parish school of Trinity church, Protestant Episcopal, and also those of the public schools and Nottingham Seminary, after leaving which last named institution he continued his studies in the Brooks School, in Cleveland. In his youth he learned the carpenter's trade under the able direction of his father, with whom he was associated in his various operations until 1884, when he went to the west, where he remained one year, after .which he again joined his father in Cleveland, where he continued to be associated with him in his contracting business until 1886, when, largely on account of his health having become much impaired, he turned his attention to an entirely different line of enterprise. He came to Lake county and purchased the old Sherwood homestead of 163 acres, the most of which lies in Madison township, though a small part is in Perry township. The land was secured by John Sherwood at the time of the organization of Lake county, in 1840. In 1851 it passed into the possession of his son, R. N., and later it was owned by Mrs. Mariella E. F. Sherwood. It is one of the well improved and valuable farms of the county, and the fine old brick residence occupies a commanding site, overlooking a wide area of surrounding country. This is one of the oldest brick houses in Madison township and is one of the landmarks HISTORY OF THE WESTERN RESERVE - 1087 of this part of the county. Mr. Fuller purchased the farm of the heirs of A. A. Amidon, a lawyer, who was killed a few years previously. The farm is dev0ted to diversified agriculture and stock-growing and is one of the model country seats of the Western Reserve. The present owner has remodeled the buildings, installed an effective system of tile drainage and made other improvements of the best order. In a vocation diametrically different to that which he had previously followed, Mr. Fuller has shown his versatility and he has made an unqualified success of his farming enterprise, in which he finds both pleasure and profit. Mr. Fuller is loyal and public-spirited as a citizen and takes an active interest in local affairs, the while he is found arrayed as a stalwart supporter of the cause of the Democratic party. He is active in the party work in a local way and has served as a delegate to its county and state conventions. In the Masonic fraternity he is affrliated with Lake Shore Lodge, No. 307, Free and Accepted Masons, of Madison, in which he has passed the various official chairs; with the Chapter, Royal Arch Masons, at Geneva, and Eagle Commandery, No. 29, Knights Templar, in the city of Painesville, of which he is eminent commander at the time of this writing, in 1909. In the Ancient Accepted Scottish Rite of the fraternity he has attained the thirty-second degree, being a member of Lake Erie Consistory of the Valley of Cleveland, and he is also identified with Al Koran Temple, Ancient Arabic Order of the Mystic Shrine, in the same city. His wife is a member of the Methodist church. On the 18th of September, 1884, was solemnized the marriage of Mr. Fuller to Miss Minnie L. Mason, who was reared and educated in the city of Cleveland and who is a daughter of Charles and Eva T. (Clark) Mason, now residents of Delta, Ohio. Mr. and Mrs. Fuller have four children—Mabel Dawing, Edna Maud, Francis Clark and Horace Charles, all of whom remain at the parental home and all save the youngest of whom are graduates of the Madison high school. The family is prominently identified with the social activities of the community, and the beautiful old homestead is a center of gracious hospitality. STANLEY CORWIN ANDREWS, a successful practitioner at the Ohio bar for nearly a quarter of a century and a leading citizen connected with the public affairs of Conneaut, Ashtabula county, is of a stanch New England family long identified with the agricultural, educati0nal and professional activities of the Western Reserve. Samuel Andrews, his great-grandfather, was a resident of Vermont prior to 1800, and the westward migration of the family commenced in 1807, when he moved to Germantown, Greene county, New York. He was married four times, and became the father of twelve children, of whom Benoni was born April 8, 1809. This son married Miss Betsy Sweet Parmeter, at Wayne, Ashtabula c0unty, July 17, 1825, his wife having been born on the 13th of April, 1806. Their children were as follows : Hile, born April 17, 1826; Sally, January 30, 1828 ; Philo, September I I, 1829; Candace, June 10, 1831; Flobel, June 5, 1832 ; Alvero, August 16, 1833 ; Oliver, March 19, 1834; Sylvia, March 29, 1836; Mary, June, 1838 ; Sabra, June 26, 1839 ; Harrison A., June 14, 1840; Calphurnia, June 29, 1842; Adeline, May 31, 1844, and a son who died as an infant in 1846. Harrison A. Andrews, the father of Stanley C., was educated at Lindenville and at Kingsville Academy, Ohio, and commenced teaching at Conneaut and East Conneaut. For several years prior to 1875 he served as principal of the public schools of Conneaut, resigning that year to assume a similar position at Pierpont, Ohio. He remained at the head of the educational system of that town until 1882, having also been mayor of Conneaut, justice of the peace and honored with other public responsibilities. He owned a farm south of the latter city, on the Under Ridge road, and was a man of decided practical abilities, as well as a thorough educator. On May 8, 1862, Harrison A. Andrews was united in marriage with Miss Corda S. Payne, of Conneaut, where the ceremony occurred, and the children of their uni0n were as follows : Sarah C., born February 20, 1864; Stanley C., born October 5, .1865 ; Hortense A., born September 8, 1872 ; and Bessie M., born June 25, 1876. Sarah C. married Paul R. Berdemann and resides at Jackson, Mississippi ; Hortense A. is the wife of Edward R. Sloan, and is also a resident of that city ; and Bessie M., who is the wife of John M. Firmin, lives at Findlay, Ohio. The American origin of the Paine family (the maternal line) was Moses, who was born in England, came to this country in 1630, settled in Braintree, Massachusetts, and died in June, 1643. He was a man of wealth and position, owning large estates in Cambridge and 1088 - HISTORY OF THE WESTERN RESERVE Concord and thousands of acres near the Blue Hills. First married to Elizabeth Pares, and secondly to Judith, her sister, Moses Paine became the father of three children-Moses (born in England in 1622), Elizabeth and Stephen. The last named, whose birth in England occurred in 1628, came to Massachusetts with his father, and November 16, 1651, married Miss Hannah Bass. Their children, who were all born at Braintree, were Stephen, Samuel, Hannah, Sarah, M0ses, John and Lydia. Stephen Paine, of the third generation, was born in 1652 and married February 20, 1682, Ellen Veasey. Their children were Stephen, Ellen and two Samuels, one of whom died as an infant. The Samuel who reached manhood was born April 14, 1689, and married November 5, 1728, Miss Susanna Ruggles, and the children of their union were Susannah, Eleanor, Joseph Ruggles, who died in infancy, and a second son by the same name. The Joseph Ruggles Paine who reached maturity, and continued the family line, was b0rn in Braintree (now Quincy), Massachusetts, June 30, 1735, and on March 13, 1758, wedded Miss Mehitable Gittings. In 1767 they moved to Ashfield, that state, where the husband and father died on the 18th of February, 1831. The deceased was a Revolutionary soldier and a stanch citizen of his time. He was the father of Joseph, Abel, Ruggles, Asa, Benjamin and two daughters. The first-b0rn, Joseph, was a native of Ashfield, Massachusetts, who spent most of the year 1856, at Conneaut, but returned to the town of his birth, where he died about two years later. The deceased had married Miss Anna Billings, by whom he had two sons, Samuel and Joseph Paine the latter changing the spelling of the family name from Paine to Payne. Joseph Payne, born September 12, 1796, came to Ashtabula county in 1836, dying at Conneaut in 1843. He was the great-grandfather of Mr. Andrews, his wife Polly being also a native of Massachusetts, whose death occurred at Conneaut, as the mother of Carlton, Newton B., Calista, Julia, Cyrenus M., Caroline, Jane and Lexanna. Newton B. Payne, the grandfather, was born at Dearfield, Massachusetts, September 12, 1821 migrated to Ohio in 1836, and October 7, 1842, married Miss Sarah Ann Thompson. He was a farmer by occupati0n, a member of the Free Will Baptist church, and a citizen of conscience and usefulness. Although in poor health during the Civil war, he actively participated in the raising of recruits for the Union army and, while not subject to draft, paid a substitute to take his place at the front. His death occurred at Conneaut, August 25, 1883. The wife and grandmother was the daughter of Zebadiah and Polly Thompson, with whom she came to Conneaut about 1830. The children of Newton B. and Sarah (Thompson) Payne were Corwin N., Adelbert O., and Corda S. Payne, Mrs. Harrison A. Andrews, mother of the subject of this sketch. Stanley C. Andrews obtained a public school education at Pierpont, Ohio; pursued a business course at the Indiana Normal School, in Valparaiso ; and in 1886 graduated from the law department of the University of Michigan, being admitted to the Ohio bar on the 5th of October of that year. He has established a fine practice at Conneaut, his public official service including a term as its city solicitor. For many years in his earlier years he was a leader in the development of the fire department, having been foreman, assistant chief and chief. As a stalwart Republican he has taken an active part in municipal affairs generally. He has also been a leader in the work of the Baptist church, and is well known in fraternal circles through his connection with the Knights of Pythias (Uniformed Rank), Woodmen of the World, Modern Woodmen, B. P. 0. E. and K. 0. T. M. Mr. Andrews was first married, August 5, 1885, to Miss Madge E. Bliss, daughter of Alvin E. and Louise (Harrington) Bliss. Mr. Bliss was a leading farmer and citizen of Conneaut township, serving for some years as trustee of his township and holding other offices as evidences of the general esteem in which he was held by his associates. Mrs. Madge E. Andrews died at Conneaut January 27, 1897, and Mr. Andrews' second wife, whom he married October 5, 1898, was Julia S. Hollister, daughter of Luther W. and Lizzie (McCreary) Hollister, and born February 5, 1870. Her father is a prominent citizen of the township, and owns and operates a large farm on the Lake road, just north of Kingsville. By his first marriage Stanley C. Andrews became the father of the following: Marjorie B., born September 9, 1888, and unmarried; Louise E., also single, who was born September 4, 1893 ; and Harrison A. Andrews, born January 20, 1897. ROBERT CHRISTIAN WARD, sheriff of Lor county, Ohio, was born at Rockville, Par HISTORY OF THE WESTERN RESERVE- 1089 county, Indiana, September 11, 1850, a son of John E. and Margaret E. (Mulhallen) Ward. John E. Ward was a native of Kentucky, and his wife of Virginia. She was the daughter of a slave holder, who freed his slaves when she was about six years of age, and then removed to Indiana, making the journey by wagon. She was born in 1826 and died in 1907; Mr. Ward was born in 1824 and died in 1859. They were married at Rockville, Indiana, and from there removed by wagon to Fulton county, Illinois, thence to Peoria, same state. They removed later to Lacon, Marshall county, Illinois, where Mr. Ward died, leaving a widow and five children ; he had followed the trade of blacksmith for a number of years. Mrs. Ward remained at Lacon with her children two years after the death of her husband, and then located thirteen miles east of there, near Winona, where the boys worked on a farm, earning, jointly, thirty-seven and one-half cents per day the first year, and the next year each receiving that amount, making seventy-five cents for the two. At the age of fourteen years, Robert C. Ward began working on a farm for fourteen dollars per month ; he drew no money until the end of eight months, when he was paid one hundred and twelve dollars,. which he at once took to his mother. He and another brother worked for the support of the family, assisted by a sister who was engaged in teaching school. The family remained in Marshall county, Illinois, until about 1878, and then removed to Missouri, where the oldest son and daughter are now living. In 1873 Robert C.. came to Henry county, Ohio, and for a time worked in Napoleon, the county seat, in a sawmill ; in June of that year he left the town with one thousand head of sheep bound for Huron county, Ohio. He located at Greenwich, and there worked in a sawmill until 1875, when he began driving through the country gathering butter and eggs. In the spring of 1880 Mr. Ward began work in the employ of Wadsworth, Peabody & Hossler, who built a new planing mill at Greenwich. In 1893 he removed to Wellington, Lorain county, Ohio, where the same company employed him in a mill. In 1899 Mr. Ward engaged in conducting a pool room, at Wellington, but in '900 sold his interests and went into a buggy and implement business for a season and then sold out. Mr. Ward has been identified with Elyria since 1901, when he came to the city as bailiff and deputy sheriff, holding the office until 1906, when he was elected county sheriff ; he was re-elected in 1908 without opposition at the primary. His term will expire in January, 1911. He has given conscientious service in the performance of his duties, and is welt known and generally respected. Fraternally Mr. Ward belongs to the subordinate lodge and encampment of the Independent Order of Odd Fellows, the Knights of Pythias, to the blue lodge and chapter in the Masonic Order, and has a large circle of friends. He has been for years an enthusiastic supporter of the Republican party, although he had never sought office or honors 'for himself until the time of his running for sheriff. Mr. Ward married, November 4, 1874, Emerett Washburn, who was born on a farm in Greenwich township, Huron county, Ohio, and is a daughter of Henry Craft and Charlotte C. (Griffin) Washburn, pioneers of Huron county, both now deceased. Mr. Washburn was born in Greenwich, son of Henry Washburn, pioneer of Huron county, whose father, Joseph Washburn, also lived in Huron county ; the family came to Ohio from New York state. Mrs. Charlotte Washburn was born in Greene county, New York. JAMES A. CORNELL is one of the most prominent residents of the little city of Austinburg, its postmaster, a business man and a well known public official. He was born at Lodi, New York, July 7, 1846, a son of Barent and Jane (Huff) Cornell, and in 1854 he moved with the family to Plymouth, Ohio, and after to Shelby, this state, where the father of the family died in 1868 and the mother in 1902. Their children were : William, Tunis H., Peter D., James A., John G., Elbert B., Lydia S., Catherine (born in 1844 and died in 1858), Martha and Elizabeth. As a boy of seventeen James A. Cornell enlisted for the Civil war, joining Company H, One Hundred and Sixty-third Ohio volunteer Infantry, while later he was made a member of the One Hundred and Ninety-first Ohio Volunteer Infantry, and served during the last two years of the war. Previous to entering the army, in the fall of 1863 he drove stage from Youngstown to Salem, and in 1867 he secured a position as brakeman with the Big Four Railroad Company, and it was while serving in that position that lie suffered the loss of one arm while coupling cars in 1870. For a time following this accident Mr. Cornell recorded baggage in Cleveland, was later the l090 - HISTORY OF THE WESTERN RESERVE private secretary to the superintendent of the Big Four Company, and was next in the coal business in Cleveland with his brother Elbert. Buying a farm in Austinburg township of one hundred and forty-one acres, Mr. Cornell lived there for twelve years and followed dairy farming. He then purchased the shoe business of W. E. Orcott, and is now the postmaster of Austinburg. He served as personal property assessor during nine successive years, was a justice of the peace, a township clerk, a clerk of the educational board and is the present notary public. He is an active member of the local Republican party, and for several years has been central committeeman and also a member of the County Republican Executive Committee, is a member and treasurer of the Grange, a member of the National Union, and is actively identified with the fraternal orders of Odd Fellows and Knights of Pythias. Mr. Cornell married Helen M. Field in 1869. She was born in Shelby, Ohio, a daughter of James D. and Mary (Richards) Field, and the children born of this union are : Chauncey, who married Marian M. Strong, of Austinburg, by whom he has a son James, and Chauncey is in the store with his father ; Nydia S., married C. A. Henderson, from Austinburg, and they now live in Cleveland and have four children ; Robert B., married Hattie Towne, of Saybrook, and they have four children James A. W., is a graduate of the Grand River Institute and is now in the west ; George is a surveyor and lives with his parents ; Lillian is attending the Grand River Institute. JOHN HARRISON.—A colony of Manxmen came to the Western Reserve in the twenties and thirties, settling in the vicinity of Painesville, and they and their descendants are now numbered among the best citizens of this part of the state, taking great interest in the progress and improvement of their community. The Harrison, Lace, Craine, Garrett, Boyd, Cowan, Quine and Callow families all came about this time. Thomas Harrison, as well as members of the other families helped to organize the Methodist Episcopal church, and all were very strict in the observance of the Sabbath. Thomas Harrison, Sr., was born on the Isle of Man, May 4, 1791, and died in Leroy, October 12, 1868, being buried in Williams cemetery. He married in the Isle of Man, in 1817, Catherine Corlett, who was born January 12, 1800, and died September 24, 1865. The came to Buffalo, New York, in 1827, and here their son John was born February 16, 1831. They remained in Buffalo six years, coming to Ohio in 1833, living above Painesville on the Grand river, at the old Railroad furnace, for twelve years and in 1845 they settled on a farm in Leroy. Thomas Harrison, Sr., began at once to clear this and built a log house. The first building put up in the township of Leroy being a surveyor's shanty which was built on this farm. He had fifty acres and put it all under cultivation. He was the first of the name on the place, and his grandson, Thomas Harrison, is. the present 0wner, this farm being in the family since the grandather settled here, 1845. In 1850 Grandfather Harrison built a new frame house and here he spent the remainder of his days. Hugh Kaighin, a companion of the elder Mr. Harrison, came to the United States with him and settled on a farm adjoining him. Thomas Harrison, son of Thomas Harrison, Sr., started west with his family in the early days and died with a fever before reaching his destination. Thomas Harrison, Sr., had nine children, all of whom reached maturity. And they were : Thomas, married Mary W0odruff, and died at the age of thirty-three ; Catharine, wife of Charles Harrison, died when seventy ; Ann, married James Quine, and died at the age of sixty-four ; Jane, who married John Crellin, died at the age of sixty-five ; Mary, became the wife of Acton French, and died when thirty-two years old ; John, subject of this sketch, died in 1905, age seventy-four ; Margaret, died unmarried at the age of thirty-four ; Eliza married Orlin Loomis and died when thirty-four ; and Melissa, who marrred Lucien Loomis, died at the age of twenty-five. John Harrison learned the trade of a moulder at Canfield, Mahoning county, and he followed this trade for a number of years in Cleveland, and Painesville, working for the Geauga Furnace Company and the Rust Furnace Company. In 1865 he returned home to care for his parents, and a few months later his mother died on September 20 of that year, his father dying some years later, October 12, 1868. Mr. Harrison remained on the home farm the remainder of his life, building the present house on it in 1895, and adding ten acres to the place. Ile settled on the farm now occupied by his family in 1865, and died there July 14, 1905. HISTORY OF THE WESTERN RESERVE - 1091 June 13, 1853, John Harrison married Hannah, daughter of Elias and Ann (Hildebrandt) Hull. She was born in Morristown, New Jersey, February 27, 1833, and when two years old was brought by her parents to Youngstown, Ohio, coming with an ox wagon, the journey being completed in four weeks. Mr. and Mrs. Harrison had six children, namely : Harriet Ida, born November 13, 1854, who taught school ten or twelve years in Lake county, and now resides with her mother and brother's family; Frankie, born March 16, 1857, died in childhood ; Frederick Wallace, born December 31, 1859, operates a basket and veneer works in Leroy, and married Nevettie Manley and has four children, Lila May, Dan M., his father's partner, Lizzie Adella, and Frank Merle ; Thomas Hull Harrison was born September 20, 1863. On February 26, 1902, he was married to Miss Louesa Jane Upson, daughter of David and Ellen Upson, who was horn April 3, 1870, at LeRoy, Ohio, her parents being natives of England. Two children were born to them, a daughter born December 12, 1902, who died four days later, and a son, George Arthur, born October 14, 1906 ; Catharine Ann, born December 22, 1869, died in childhood ; and John Henry, whose sketch is given elsewhere in this work. The father, John Harrison, was a strong Democrat, though he did not care for public office, being a man who greatly loved his home. A great reader, he kept himself well informed on all topics of the time. He was a kind friend and neighbor, earnest and sincere in his opinions. An incident of his childhood which he used to mention, was that the cradle in which he was rocked, was also used for General Jack Casement, a noted general of the Civil war. Their parents came across the ocean at the same time and after landing in Buffalo both families lived in the same house, and rocked their babies in one cradle. Thomas Hull Harrison, since acquiring the homestead, has added forty acres to it, making it now 100 acres, and here he carries on general farming. He also has erected a barn, seventy by seventy-two feet, with cement floor. He is treasurer and director of the telephone company. All the family are members of LeRoy Grange No. 1608, which is in a flourishing condition, having 100 members. JOHN HENRY HARRISON, a well-known farmer residing on part of the old Lace place in LeRoy township, Lake county, is of a stanch family of Manx origin, which was established in the Western Reserve near Painesville in the year 1831. It was transplanted from the Isle of Man in the person of Thomas Harrison, who was born in that section of England on May 4, 1791; married Catherine Corlett in 1817 and came with his family to Buffalo, New York, in 1827. Their son John was born in that city February 16, 1831, and in the same year the family migrated to Ohio and settled on the Grand river above Painesville. In 1845 they located on the farm which is still occupied by Thomas Harrison, the grandson of the original owner. The homestead has therefore been a family possession for nearly eighty years, Grandfather Harrison dying there October 12, 1868. John Harrison, the father, was a well-known moulder at Canfield and Cleveland, Ohio, also the Rust and Geauga furnaces, but in 1865 returned to the old homestead to care for his parents, and after faithfully fulfilling such filial duties continued to operate the ancestral place, where he died July 14, 1905. In 1853 he had married Hannah Hull, a New Jersey woman, daughter of Elias and Ann (Hildebrandt) Hull, and their sixth and last child was John Henry. Mr. Harrison of this sketch was born on the old Harrison homestead in Leroy township on June 20, 1874, and was there reared and received his education in the district schools of the neighborhood. He has spent the industrious, useful life of the faithful agriculturist, and is the owner of a fine farm of eighty-five acres, with a comfortable residence and modern outbuildings. A Democrat in politics, he has never been troubled with ambitions for office or public advancement, but has been content to conscientiously perform the duties of a good husband, father and private citizen. On N0vember 6, 1901, Mr. Harrison was married to Miss Dessie Locke Mariner, daughter of John N. and Martha (Hogg) Mariner, who was born at Youngstown, Ohio, October 26, 1882. Her father is a native of Mahoning county, Ohio, and her mother, of Streetsville, Canada. The three children of Mr. and Mrs. John H. Harrison are as follows : Marie Ruth, who was born November 12, 1902, and died three days later Elias Newton, born on May 18, 1904 ; and Harold Eugene, born August 20, 1906. DAVID D. SMEAD.-The present chief executive of the municipal government of the thriving little city of Madison, Lake county, is one 1092 - HISTORY OF THE WESTERN RESERVE of the representative business men of this section of the historic old Western Reserve, and in Madison he now conducts a unique manufacturing enterprise—that of manufacturing all kinds of willow baskets for florists use. The industry is of comparatively recent establishing, but the products of the factory find a ready demand wherever introduced, thus taxing the full capacity of the well ordered institution known as the Basket Craft, Mr. Smead being the secretary and treasurer. David Dudley Smead was born in Madison township, Lake county, Ohio, on the 6th of November, 1862, and is a son of James P. and Ellen H. (Bailey) Smead. The father, James Porter Smead, was born at Greenfield, Massachusetts, in which state he was reared and educated, having been seventeen years of age when his parents, James and Alcemina Smead, removed from the old Bay state to Ohio and took up their residence in Madison township, Lake county, where his father secured a tract of land and turned his attention to agricultural pursuits. James Smead later removed from his farm to the village of Madison, and his old homestead in this place is now owned and occupied by his grandson, David D., the present mayor of the city. James Smead was a man of strong individuality, alert mentality and great physical strength. As to the last mentioned characteristic there can be no measure of doubt when we revert to the fact that when he was past seventy years of age he killed a bull, and that without assistance. He and his wife continued to reside in Madison until their death, and they took up their residence in this county about the year 1850. Of their two sons, James P. was the elder and the younger, Samuel, became a skilled physician and surgeon and was engaged in the practice of his profession in Madison until his health became so impaired as to necessitate his temporary retirement ; he thereupon received the appointment to the offrce of deputy United States marshal for his district, and later he removed to the city of Cleveland, where he was engaged in the practice of his profession about twenty years, at the expiration of which he returned to the old homestead in Madison, where he lived retired until his death in 1897, at the age of sixty-six years. His widow still resides on the old homestead. Besides the two sons there were three daughters in the family of James and Alcemina Smead, namely : Rachel became the wife of Albert King, who was for many years a prosperous merchant in Madison, where he died, and she died in the home of a daughter in Omaha, Nebraska ; Sarah is the wife of Ashbel Bailey and they reside at Rantoul, Illinois ; Hannah never married and she passed the closing years of her life in the home of her sister, Sarah, at Rantoul, Illinois. James P. Smead devoted his entire active career to the great basic art of agriculture, and he continued to reside upon a part .of the old homestead of his father, adjoining the village of Madison, until his death in 1905, at the age of seventy years. His wife passed to the life eternal in the preceding year at the age of sixty-five years. He was one of the representative farmers and influential citizens of Madison township, where he ever commanded the most unqualified confidence and esteem. He was a man of fine intellectuality and well fortified convictions, and his influence in all the relations of life was ever of the most beneficent order. He was a staunch and effective advocate of the principles and policies for which the Republican party stands sponsor and while laying no claims to facility as campaign speaker, he was twice elected to represent Lake county in the state legislature in the '80s. He was one of the principal stockholders of the Exchange Bank, in Madison, and was vice-president of this institution at the time of his demise. He was one of the pillars of the Madison Congregational church, of which he was a trustee for many years. His wife also was a devoted member of this church, and active in the various departments of its work. They became the parents of three children, and of the number the subject of this sketch is the second in order of birth. James Porter Smead, Jr., the elder son, who is a bachelor and who now maintains his home in Madison, was for thirty years engaged in the manufacturing of men's furnishing goods at Atchison, Kansas, and Omaha, Nebraska. Catherine Mills, the only daughter and youngest child, is the wife of Milton J. Park, M. D., a representative physician and surgeon of Cleveland. Her first husband, William Hendry, M. D., was engaged in the practice of his profession in Cleveland until his death. He was a member of the Cleveland Grays, a leading military organization of the Ohio metropolis, and was killed while en route with his command to take part 'in the inauguration of President Cleveland, the accident which caused his death having been a train wreck on the Pennsylvania railroad. David Dudley Smead, whose name intro- HISTORY OF THE WESTERN RESERVE - 1093 duces this sketch, gained his preliminary educational discipline in the public schools of Madison, in whose high school he was graduated, after which he was matriculated in the old Western Reserve College, at Hudson, in which he was a student at the time of the removal of the institution to the city of Cleveland, where its title was changed to the Western Reserve University. He went with the other students to Cleveland and continued to attend the university until the latter part of his junior year, when he was compelled to withdraw, in 1885, on account of impaired health. For the following two years he was in Duluth, Minnesota, and he then went to West Superior, Wisconsin, which was at the time only a straggling village, in which the most decorative feature was the pine stumps found all about the town. He witnessed the upbuilding of the now populous and attractive city, and was identified in no insignificant way with its material and civil upbuilding. He was there engaged in the real estate, loan and fire insurance business until 1898, when he returned to the old homestead in Madison, to care for his parents in their declining years. He still resides on the old homestead, which lies contiguous to the city on the east, and the operation of the farm receives his personal supervision. In August, 1908, Mr. Smead leased the old woolen mill in Madison and there established a manufactory of fancy willow baskets for the use of florists. All work is done by hand, and at the present time about twenty persons are employed in the factory, whose equipment throughout is of the best. The products are of all shapes and sizes, of original and artistic designs, and the most of the baskets are finished in colors. The goods are sold, by direct representatives of the factory, to leading department stores throughout the Union and also to the larger florists: The goods have been introduced in many of the principal cities of the Union, and such has been their reception by the trade that the future of the enterprise is promising in the extreme. Mayor Smead is most progressive and public-spirited as a citizen and takes a loyal interest in all that tends to conserve the civic and material welfare of his native place. In politics he is aligned as a stalwart supporter of the principles and policies of the Republican party, and in 1900 he was elected a member of the city council, of which position he remained incumbent until 1904, when he was elected by the council to the offrce of mayor, to fill out the unexpired term of Homer Kimball, who died. He has since been twice re-elected, by popular vote, and has given an admirable administration of the municipal affairs, seeking in every possible way to promote legitimate public improvements and to conserve economy in all departments of the city government. His present term will expire January 1, 1910. He is affiliated with Lake Shore Lodge, No. 237, Free and Accepted Masons, in Madison, and with the Chapter of the Royal Arch Masons, at Geneva, Ashtabula county. He also holds membership in the Delta Kappa Upsilon college fraternity. In the year 1890 Mr. Smead came to his native place from West Superior, Wisconsin, where he was then residing, and on September 17 of that year he was united in marriage to Miss Ella Catherine Teachout, who was born and reared in Madison, and who is a daughter of Albert P. and Emeline (Burr) Teachout, who still reside in this place, where her father is a millwright by vocation. Mr. and Mrs. Smead have three children—David Dudley Jr., Catherine Burr and Helen Bailey. JOHN C. VAUGHN, a representative of the business interests of Mantua, is a member of a family that came to this country from Wales some time prior to the year of 1795. His paternal grandfather, Caleb Vaughn, was born in Rhode Island, September 5, of that year, and later in life moved to Vermont. He married Polly King, born in Massachusetts, December 18, 1799, and she died October 28, 1881, while he survived until August 3, 1890, and died at Hiram, Ohio. The old home which he built in that city is yet standing and is now the property of Clarence Dutton. Among the children of Caleb and Polly Vaughn, was John Russell Vaughn, who became the father of John C., of this review. He was born in Shaftsburg, Bennington county, Vermont, December 4, 1825, and in 1857, in Hiram, Ohio, wedded Sylvina E. Perkins. She was born January 13, 1826, and died June 9, 1900, long surviving her husband, who had passed away November 25, 1875. These Ohio pioneers came hither from Vermont about the year 1831, and landing from the boat at Cleveland they were beset on every hand to purchase property from the residents there, as Cleveland was then but a swamp, and its few inhabitants were suffering from malarial fever. About thirty houses then constituted the city, and that section of the coun- 1094 - HISTORY OF THE WESTERN RESERVE try was then filled with hungry wolves, Mr. Vaughn having had to hurry the completion of his cabin at Hiram to protect his children from the animals. John C. Vaughn was born in the city of Hiram, June 6, 1865, and moving with his parents to Mantua in 1874, he embarked in the barber business here in 1888. On September I, 1895, he was united in marriage to Minnie M. English, and they have one child, Cecil, born November 14, 1902, in Mantua. Mr. Vaughn is an independent political voter. RUBEN OLIVER HALSTEAD, of Mantua, in Portage county, was born in Benton township, Yates county, New York, June 23, 1835, a son of Jacob and Bctsy (Reynolds) Halstead, who came to this country from Holland and were married in the state of New York in about the year 1825. Edwin T. Halstead, another of their sons, is living in the Western Reserve, having located in Ravenna in 1860. Moving with his parents from New York to Michigan in 1837, Ruben O. Halstead obtained his education there, although he was a lad of nine years before he entered the school room, and afterward he worked on the farm during the summer months, and attended school in the winters, he having had to furnish a one-quarter cord of wood for the school, andt0ad to pay for his tuition besides. He also pursued his studies some after coming to Portage county, Ohio, in 1853. He located in Mantua and purchased lot 38, afterward becoming the owner of lot 37, and he now owns 160 acres of land besides his home in Mantua. Mr. Halstead married on December 31, 1857, Maria Frost, a daughter of John and Elvira (Kellogg) Frost.' The father was born in Blanford, Massachusetts, in 1798, and the mother was the first white child born in Hudson, in the Western Reserve. She was a daughter of John and Elvira (Thompson) Frost.grandfather John Frost served three years with the Second Massachusetts regiment, under Major General Knox, during the Revolutionary war, and received his discharge therefrom on December 13, 1783. Four children were born to Mr. and Mrs. Halstead : Almira May, born Nove30,r1860,186o, married T. R. Trowbridge in November, 1883 ; John Byrbn, born December 16, 1862, married first in Mantua, Edith Gridley, and secondly in Cleveland in 1903, Hannah Zebert ; Gertrude Pearly, born November 4, 1867, married in Ravenna on May 30, 1886, William A. Denton ; Charles Augustus, born December 6, 1871, died September 14, 1902. Mr. Halstead was made a Mason in January, 1865, in Garrettsville, Ohio, and is now, 1909, a charter member of Mantua Lodge, No.. 533. FRANK A. CUMINGS.-An exponent of the great basic industry of agriculture as represented in modern scientific methods and accessories, Frank A. Cumings is the owner of a well improved farm of 123 acres in his native township and is also engaged in the retail coal business in the village of Madison, where he maintains his home, as his fine farm lies contiguous to the village. Mr. Cumings was born in Madison township, Lake county, Ohio, on June 10, 1855, and is a son of Charles and Rebecca A. (Sullivan) Cumings. Charles .Cumings was a native of the state of New Hampshire, and was a son of Benjamin Cumings, who came to Ohio, when Charles was a boy, first settling at Unionville, Lake county, where Charles was reared to manhood on the old homestead farm. He himself eventually became one of the representative farmers of Madison township, this county, and here he is remembered as a man of ability and sterling attributes of character. He went in the late "thirties" to Monmouth, Illinois, where he lived about twelve years, then returned to Madison, where he died in the year 1900, at the venerable age of eighty-six. He had married a Miss Amsden, by whom two children were born : Henry and Lucy, the mother dying when very young. Charles Cumings' second wife survived him by three years. Both were devout members of the Methodist Episcopal church, and exemplified their faith in their daily lives. They became the parents of ten children, namely : Henry H., of Tidioute, Pennsylvania ; Charles E., of Brady, that state ; Frank A., of this sketch ; Jane R., who is the widow of Howard Atkinson and resides in East Cleveland, Ohio ; Homer P., of Painesville, who is individually mentioned in this work ; Emily E., of Cleveland, a deaconess of the Methodist Episcopal church ; Mary M.. a teacher in the Painesville high school ; Nellie, the wife of A. N. Benjamin, of Madison, Lake county ; Kate C., wife of Rev. Orlando Pershing, of Ada, Ohio, and E. Roscoe, professor of geology in the Indiana. State University. Concerning the family history and especially the beautiful old homestead on the shores of Lake Erie, further data are given in the sketch HISTORY OF THE WESTERN RESERVE - 1095 of the career of Homer P. Cumings, elsewhere in this publication. Frank A. Cumings was reared to maturity on the old homestead farm which was the place of his nativity, and after duly availing himself of the advantages of the district school of the neighborhood he entered the Ohio State Normal School, at Geneva, where he was a student for two years. At the age of twenty-one years he went to Armstrong county, Pennsylvania, where he became identified with the opening and operating of oil wells. Finally he purchased an interest in this line Of business, in which he continued for a period of fifteen years, meeting with excellent success. In 1892, at the expiration of the period noted, he returned to his native township, and in the village of Madison became associated with his brother-in-law, A. N. Benjamin, in the produce business, under the firm name of A. N. Benjamin & Co. This alliance continued for nine years, at the expiration of which the partnership was dissolved by mutual consent. In 19o1 Mr. Cumings established himself in the coal business, and his well equipped storehouses and offrce are located near the tracks of the Lake Shore & Michigan Southern Railroad, in the village of Madison. He has built up a substantial trade, supplying not only residents of the village and immediate vicinity, but also patrons throughout a wide section of territory topographically tributary to this place as a distributing center. His farm lies contiguous to the village and comprises 123 acres of most arable and productive land, and is deoted to diversified agriculture and stock-growing, under the direct supervision of Mr. Cumings. The residence is commodious and of attractive order, and all other buildings and improvements indicate thrift and prosperity. In politics Mr. Cumings is a stanch advocate of the principles and policies for which the Republican party stands sponsor, and he takes a deep interest in all that touches the welfare of his home village and native county. He has served for a number of years as a member of the village council, and is also a valued member of the Madison board of education. He is affiliated with the Masonic fraternity, and both he and his wife hold membership in the Methodist Episcopal church. In the year 1880 Mr. Cumings was united in marriage to Miss Mary Rood, of Madison township, where she was born and reared. She was summoned to the life eternal in 1896, and is survived by two children,—Walter, who has practical charge of the home farm, and Bessie, Vol. II-25 who was graduated in the Wilson Female College, at Chambersburg, Pennsylvania, as a member of the class of 1909. On July 6, 1898, was solemnized the marriage of Mr. Cumings to Miss Winifred Rand, who likewise was born in Madison township, and who is a daughter of Elmer and E. H. (Carr) Rand. Mr. Rand has passed away and Mrs. Rand lives in Madison. No children have been born of the second marriage of Mr. Cumings. GEORGE BYRON WATSON, during many years one of the influential residents and business men of Conneaut and its vicinity, was born in Cattaraugus county, New York, August 10, 1850, a son of Horace and Elvira (Lovejoy) Watson. Horace Watson was also from New York, but came when a young man to Ohio and worked at farm labor. It was here that he met his future wife, but after their marriage they returned to New York, although in 1854 they came again to Ohio and settled in Plymouth township of Ashtabula county, five miles south of the city of that name, and it was there that their son George grew to manhood's estate. Later the family moved to the city of Ashtabula, and there the parents both died at about the age of sixty-two years. They had two children, Helen and George B., but the daughter died in young womanhood. George B. Watson married in December, 1871, Sarah L. Cheney, a daughter of Andrew Jackson and Julia E. (Bushnell) Cheney, the father from Vermont and the mother from Hartland, Connecticut. Mrs. Bushnell came with a sister, Rosamond P., and an uncle, Porter Barnes, to Fowler, in Trumbull county, Ohio, and she taught school there until her marriage. Rosamond married Alpheus R. Waters, and died at Fowler at the age of forty-eight years, while the husband died in 1887, at the age of seventy-seven years. Andrew J. Cheney, from Stafford, Vermont, came to Ohio when a young man, journeying westward as a peddler of clocks and notions. and on reaching Ohio he was offered a school of eighty pupils at Amboy in Ashtabula county, which he taught for some time. At the time of his marriage, in 1837, he located at Monroe Center, and there their daughter Sarah was born, March 26, 1846. She was the second born of their five children, as follows : Ellen R., the widow of Austin Tinker and a resident of Conneaut ; Alice J., widow of Cassius Woodworth and also living in Conneaut ; F. J. Cheney, of Toledo ; and 1096 - HISTORY OF THE WESTERN RESERVE Clarence E. Cheney, on the old homestead farm. When their daughter Sarah was five years old Mr. and Mrs. Cheney located at South Ridge in Conneaut township, and a few years later located on a farm on the Center road, one and a half miles south of Conneaut, where Mrs. Cheney died in December, 1908, when ninety-two years of age. Mr. Cheney had passed away in 1891, when seventy-six years of age. He had been often seen in the district and national juries, and was widely known among the lawyers and judges of his home community. He possessed a wonderful memory, and was often called upon by lawyers to report evidences. He was a stanch Democrat in political matters, always keeping himself well informed on public history, and he was perhaps one of the best known men of his time in Ashtabula county. After spending about eight years on their farm in Plymouth township, Mr. and Mrs. Watson moved to Toledo, and later bought a farm adjoining that of her father. There they lived for twenty-five years, or until taking up their abode in Conneaut eight years ago. Just previously they had enjoyed an extensive western trip, visiting California and the Pacific coast, and returning purchased the pleasant home in Conneaut, where Mr. Watson died suddenly, November 27, 1902, leaving his widow and four children : Frank Cheney, Watson, manager of the Conneaut Creamery ; Gertrude Julia, the wife of Albert Traver, of Enid, Oklahoma ; Mott Watson, also connected with the Conneaut Creamery ; and Hazel E., a resident of Conneaut. WILLIAM F. WOLCOTT.—A man of recognized ability and integrity, William F. Wolcott, ex-mayor and ex-postmaster, of LaGrange, Lorain county, has ever taken an intelligent interest in local affairs, and has filled the several positions of trust and responsibility to which he has been called in a manner reflecting the highest credit upon himself and his constituents. A son of Alfred Wolcott, he was born, January 15, 1835, in Tompkins county, New York, coming from honored New England ancestry. Mr. Wolcott's paternal grandfather, Col. Permenio Wolcott, and his wife, whose maiden name was Anna Fulkison, were both born and reared in Connecticut. During the War of 1812, he enlisted in a Connecticut regiment, of which he was given command, receiving a colonel's commission, and served until the close of the conflict. Subsequently removing to New York, he resided there until 1840, when he migrated to Michigan, making the journey overland, with a three-horse team. He bought land in both Washtenaw and Barry counties, and for many years was busily employed in cutting off the timber and cultivating the land, his home in the meantime being in Washtenaw county. Subsequently returning to New York, he resided with his son Alfred during the remainder of his life. Alfred Wolcott was born in Tompkins county, New York, and was there brought up and educated. Beginning life for himself, he there carried on general farming until 1840, when he removed with his family to Erie county, New York, where for a number of years he conducted a hotel, being very popular as a landlord. He afterwards bought land in that county, and for a few years was engaged in tilling the soil. Disposing then of his farm, he bought a hotel at Cattaraugus county, New York, and the ensuing ten years was employed in its management. He subsequently came, at the solicitation of his son William, to Ohio, and lived in La Grange, and itl Michigan, until his death. He married Mary Henrietta Ledoyt, who was born in Connecticut, which was likewise the birthplace of her parents, James and Mary Ledoyt. Mr. Ledoyt came with his family to Ohio at an early day, settling in Lorain county, very near the home of Mr. Heman Ely, in whose honor Elyria received its name, and having taken up a tract of wild land, cleared and improved a good homestead. Reared on the farm, 'William F. Wolcott received such educational advantages as were afforded by the district school. Coming to Lorain county at the age of eighteen years, he located in La Grange, where he worked as a wage earner a number of years. After taking upon himself the responsibilities of a married man, he was here engaged in agricultural pursuits about two years. Going then to Michigan, he remained there a few months, but not liking the country well enough to remain, returned, in 1860, to La Grange, and for a short time was employed in a saw mill. On August 25, 1864, Mr. Wolcott enlisted in Battery E, First Ohio Light Artillery, and under the command of Gen. Andrew Thomas was in active service in Tennessee until receiving his honorable discharge, July 10, 1865. Returning to La Grange, Mr. Wolcott purchased a hotel, which he conducted ten years,   HISTORY OF THE WESTERN RESERVE - 1097 when he sold out, and the following five years was employed as a traveling salesman, after which he embarked in the lightning rod business. A year later he resumed the mason's trade, which he had learned when young, and continued busily employed until 1898, when he was appointed postmaster of La Grange an office which he filled satisfactorily to all concerned until September 1, 1909, when he was forced to resign on account of ill health. Mr. Wolcott has been very prominent in the management of public affairs, for twelve years having been mayor of the city, and having served as councilman many terms, and as constable. He is a Republican in his political affiliations, and ever loyal to the interests of his party. Since 1888 he has served as justice of the peace. Fraternally he belongs to La Grange Camp, Knights of the Maccabees, and religiously he is a member of the Methodist Episcopal church, of which he has been trustee since 1894. On February 22, 1857, Mr. Wolcott married Malissa Hastings, who was born in La Grange, Ohio, December 19, 1857, a daughter of Cary and Mary Ann (Spoor) Hastings, natives of New York state. She passed to the life beyond April 15, 1905, leaving one child, Lewis F.. of La Grange. Mary Edith, the youngest child of Mr. and Mrs. Wolcott, was born October 13, 1869, and died January 26, 1878. EDWIN CLARK BRANSON, prominent among the business men of Wellington, was born in Altoona, Pennsylvania, March 5, 1857, and was educated in the public and high schools of Toledo, Ohio. His parents, Joseph and Mary (Pierce) Branson, were born respectively in Chester county, 'Pennsylvania, and, in Dover, Delaware, and they were married in the latter state, where Joseph Branson worked at his trade of carpentering. They spent about five years in Altoona, Pennsylvania, from there moved to Toledo, where Joseph Branson was a carpenter and builder for eleven years, and from Toledo he moved to the city of Defiance and worked at his trade there. In 1882 he and his wife went to Kansas and made their home with their children there until their deaths, the father dying in December, 1898, in his eighty-sixth year, and 'the mother in September, 1898, in her eighty-second year. They were born respectively in the years of 1812 and 1816. Five sons and five daughters were born to them, but only the following are living: Mary, who became the wife of Leo Bullen and is living in Concordia, Kansas ; John and Thomas, who live in Belleville, that state ; Edwin C. ; and Ida, the widow of Ira Weaver, and also a resident of Belleville, Kansas. Edwin C. Branson at the age of fifteen years began learning the trade of his father, and worked at carpentering for nine years in Defiance, Ohio. At the close of that period he accepted the superintendency of the wood-bending works at that city, and then, going to Sagrnaw, Michigan, worked there for three years as superintendent of the same bending works, which had been moved to East Saginaw, Michigan. On the 5th of July, 1884, he arrived in Wellington, and engaging in the bending business with G. H. Palmer, the firm being G. H. Palmer & Co. (known as Wellington Bending Works), and this was continued to the spring of 1903, when it was formed into a stock company called the Pioneer Pole and Shaft Company, their headquarters being at Piqua, Ohio. Since the organization of this firm in the early '80s their business has increased until now they maintain thirteen factories, one in Canada, one in Tennessee, one in Missouri, two in Indiana and the remainder in Ohio, and the corporation is now one of the largest doing business in this section of the commonwealth. In 1904 Mr. Branson organized the Wellington Cold Storage Company, and has since been the vice-president and general manager of the corporation, Mr. O. P. Chapman being its president and E. A. Van Cleef its secretary and treasurer. The Wellington Cold Storage Company does a general cold storage business, and this is another of the important business corporations of southern Lorain county. Mr. Branson has served Wellington many terms as a member of its council, was one term its mayor, in 1906 and 1907, and in the fall of 1908 was elected the treasurer of Lorain county for a term of two years. He is a director of the First National Bank at Wellington, and was for years director in the Home Savings Bank of Wellington. He is prominent in the public as well as the business circles of the city and county. Mr. Branson is a stanch Republican. He started in life empty-handed and with a common school education, and is now one of the self-made men of Lorain county. His motto and creed is the Golden Rule. On September 19, 1883, he was married to Caroline Roedel, from the city of Defiance, a daughter of John and Marie (Franks) Roedel, 1098 - HISTORY OF THE WESTERN RESERVE   the father from Alsace and the mother from Berlin, Germany. They came to the United States and to Defiance, Ohio, in their early lives, and after their marriage located on a farm there. The children born to Mr. and Mrs. Branson are : John, in the hardware business in Cheyenne, Wyoming; Allan, in business in Wellington ; and Edna, Carl and Frank, in the parental home. Mr. Branson is a member of the Masonic order, Wellington Lodge No. 127, Wellington Chapter No. 89, and of the Independent Order of Odd Fellows and of the Tribe of Ben-Hur. CHARLES P. GRANT is numbered among the agricultural residents of Conneaut township, and he was born in the house in which he now resides May 9, 1854. The history of his family is given in the sketch of Henry Grant elsewhere in this work. After a good educational training in the schools of Conneaut, Kingsville and Austinburg, Mr. Grant prepared for a business life in the Eastman's Business College at Poughkeepsie, New York, but owing to the death of his brother Sidney about this time, he remained on the home farm with his mother instead of going into business as previously planned. The homestead farm contains about fifty-three acres, and Mr. Grant is engaged in general farming there. He married, in 1876, Elva Hiler, who bore him two children, Frederick G. and Bessie M. The son is unmarried and lives in New York City, where he is a captain in the Salvation Army. The daughter has taught in the schools of North Conneaut during the past five years. She is a member of the United Brethren church. Mrs. Elva Grant died on October 21, 1893, and on September 14, 1899, Mr. Grant married Hattie Isadore Chilson, who was born in Fairview, Pennsylvania, May 29, 1857. There are no children of this union. Mrs. Grant is a member of the Methodist church and of the Protected Home Circle. Mr. Grant is a member of the State Police. PHINEAS MERRELL, one of the venerable and honored citizens of Painesville, where he is now enjoying that generous and grateful retirement and comfort which are the due reward for years of consecutive and productive industry, is a native of Lake county and a member of one of its well known pioneer families, of which he is here a representative in the third generation. Mr. Merrell was born in Concord township, Lake county, Ohio, on December 5, 1842, and is a son of Corell and Lura (Baker) Merrell. The father was a native of Connecticut, where he was born in the 1810,181o, and thus he was a lad of seven years when, in 1817, his parents, Phineas and Lucy Merrell, came from the old Nutmeg state to Ohio, making Lake county their destination. Phineas Merrell, Sr., and his brother Erastus purchased wild land in Concord township and paid for the same at the rate of two and one-half dollars an acre—twenty shillings, as the common expression was at that time. They both instituted the reclamation of their farms, which lay adjoining, about one- and one-half miles south of Painesville, which was then a little hamlet in the midst of the forest. Phineas, Sr., died when a young man and his widow subsequently became the wife of William Lee, with whom she lived on the farm mentioned until his death, when she removed to Painesville, where she passed the residue of her life, which was prolonged to more than ninety years. Phineas and Lucy Merrell had two sons—Corell and Lucy—and the latter remained on the home farm until the same was purchased by his brother, when he removed to Munson, Geauga county, where he continued to .reside for a number of years. He finally removed to Lansing, the capital of the state of Michigan, and there he passed the residue of his life. Corell Merrell was reared to maturity on the old homestead, and rendered his due quota of aid in its development, while in the meantime he availed himself of such advantages as were afforded in the pioneer schools. As a young man he became associated with Truman Rust in the ownership and operation of the Concord furnace, one of the early manufacturing institutions of the county. In the same were manufactured stoves and plows, besides various other products. He finally purchased the interest of the other heirs in the old homestead, located on the Center road, leading to Chardon, Geauga county, and also the adjoining farm of his uncle, Erastus Merrell, of which mention has already been made. This gave to him a fine landed estate of 264 acres, and he made excellent improvements as the years passed, developing the homestead into one of the best farms of this favored section o the old Buckeye state. He there continued t maintain his home until his death, in 1897, a the venerable age of eighty-seven years. At the age of thirty years, Corell Merre was united in marriage to Miss Lura Baker   HISTORY OF THE WESTERN RESERVE - 1099 who was then twenty-two years of age. She was born in Concord township, in the year 1818, and was a daughter of Hosea and Betsey (Winchell) Baker, who were numbered among the very early settlers of that township, where the father died when nearly seventy years of age and the mother when past the age of three score and ten years. The Baker homestead was at Concord Center. Lura (Baker) Merrell died in 1882, about fifteen years prior to the death of her husband, and was sixty-four years of age when summoned to the life eternal. They became the parents of four children, of whom the eldest is Phineas, the immediate subject of this review ; Arthur is a representative farmer of Concord township ; Corell is engaged in the insurance business in the city of Cleveland, and Antoinette is the wife of Gillard S. Hodges, of Painesville. Phineas Merrell, to whom this sketch is dedicated, was reared to manhood upon the old homestead, and his educational discipline in his youth was gained in the common schools of the locality and period. He was identified with the work and management of the home farm for a period of thirty-three years, and had the sole supervision of the same after his father had retired, owing to advancing years, with attendant infirmities. At the expiration of the period noted he sold his interest in the homestead, no portion of which is now owned by members of the family, and he then, in 1897, removed to Painesville. He purchased an attractive home and about seven acres of land adjoining the corporate limits of the city on the south, and here he has since lived virtually retired, save from the attention that he has given to the raising of fruits and garden truck, for which he has found a ready market, and in connection with which work he has found much of satisfaction. For the last ten years of his residence on the farm here he conducted a successful dairy business, maintaining an average herd of twenty milch cows and supplying milk and cream to the citizens of Painesville, where he had a representative patronage. Though a stanch Democrat in his political allegiance, Mr. Merrell has been devoted to his family and his farming industry in past years, so that he had no desire for public office of any description. He was an adherent of the Republican party until the nomination of Cleveland as the presidential candidate of the Democratic party, when he transferred his sup port to the latter, whose policies as since defined have most nearly met the approval of his judgment. In 1864 Mr. Merrell was united in marriage to Miss Harriet Fitch, and both were twenty-two years of age at the time. She was born in Mentor township, Lake county, and is a daughter of Norman M. and Chloe Ann (Moore) Fitch, who were pioneers of that section of the county, whither they came from Connecticut and where they passed the remainder of their lives. Mr. and Mrs. Merrell have one son, Frederick C., who is a city mail carrier in Painesville. He married Miss Edith Scoville and they have no children. CHENEY J. MOORE was born at his present home in Mantua Center on April II, 1839, and he is a member of one of the first families to seek a home in this part of the Western Reserve. In his early boyhood he attended the district school nearest his home, was then in school at Kent for one winter, and completed his educational training in the Hiram Eclectic Institute, of which James A. Garfield was then the president. Leaving that institution of learning in 1859 he returned to the farm, and here he has since lived and labored. Jason Moore, the father of Cheney J., was born in Southwick, Massachusetts, August 31, 1798, and was one of the old-time physicians of this section of the state. He was one of the seven children born to Samuel and Eunice Root (Gillett) Moore. Samuel Moore was born in Simsbury, Connecticut, May 24, 1764, and was a son of Joseph Moore, who lived in Grandby, that state. Samuel and Eunice Moore and their seven children drove through to Mantua in 1806 in a wagon drawn by oxen and a span of horses, and they brought with them a cow. Six weeks were consumed in this journey, the family in the meantime sleeping in their wagon, and en route they passed through Warren when it contained but one house. This section of the country was then a dense wilderness, infested with hungry wolves and other wild animals, and only a few houses here and there marked its progress toward civilization. Perley Moore, one of the daughters of this family, is recorded in the annals of the early history of this community as furnishing the pillow of feathers with which Joseph Smith was tarred and feathered in this state. Samuel Moore died on November 3, 1816, and was laid to rest with others of the