850 - HISTORY OF THE WESTERN RESERVE father of eight children. The special branch to which Roldon 0. was attached sprung from Barnabas, the second child and eldest son, who was born November 13, 1639, lived at Hatfield, married Sarah Taylor White, October 15, 1666, and died at Deerfield, as above mentioned, September 18, 1675. Barnabas, the eldest of his five children, was a native of Hatfield, born February 20, 1668, and in 1693 was admitted as an inhabitant of Hartford, Connecticut, dying in that city January 25, 1725. By his marriage to Miss Martha Smith, of Hartford, he became the father of nine children. Jacob, the third child of Barnabas Hinsdale and his wife, was born July 14, 1698; married Hannah Seymour ; settled in Harwin ton on lands inherited from his father ; was a captain in the French-Indian war, and was a man of public prominence, serving at one time as a member of the colonial legislature. Jacob, Jr., the first born of his nine children, married Mary Brace, of Harwinton, and about 1773 removed with his family to Canaan, where he died, the father of a large family. The second child and son, Elisha, who was born in Harwinton in 1761 and died in Norton, June 22, 1827, was the grandfather of Roldon O. Captain Elisha Hinsdale was reared at Canaan, joining the continental army when Sixteen years of age and serving three years in the field of conflict between New York and the Potomac. He was one of the heroes of Valley Forge, and was brought home quite broken in health. He was a natural mechanic ; learned the jeweler's trade, and after the burning of his shop at Canaan associated himself with his brother Abel in the axe and scythe business. They established a plant on the western branch of the Naugatuck, a few miles above Cotton Hollow, and turned out the "Clover. Leaf" axes, which became famous east and west. In 1816 the captain removed to Ohio, and, as stated, died at Norton, now in Summit county. It is said the parting of the two brothers was on the top of the hill, on the Goshen road above the axe factory, the one to plunge into the wilds of the west and 'the other to remain under the old roof-tree. Captain Elisha Hinsdale was a remarkable man and one of distinguished physique. He was six feet tall, weighed about two hundred pounds, and, although of fine development, had a skin as fair as a child's almost to the day of his death. He twice represented Torrington in the legislature ; was a captain in Connecticut and served- as a justice of the peace in Ohio as long as his health would permit. Orderly, honest, sociable and liberal, he was a man who was universally *respected as well as liked. Albert Hinsdale was the seventh of Captain Hinsdale's eight children, and was born on the 18th of July, 1809, and as the family started from his native town of Torrington for "New Connecticut" on October 4, 1816, he was in his eighth year. His remembrance of the oxteam journey to the Western Reserve was therefore vivid. When the outfit was ferried over the North river at Albany the boy viewed with bulging eyes the departure of one of the first American steamers to ply on 'the Hudson between the state capital and New York City. The route was by way of Cayuga lake and Buffalo, that village having not then fully recovered from the British raid. After having been eight weeks upon the road, the family arrived at Braceville, Trumbull county, on the 2d of December. There they met several Connecticut friends and Albert was placed in a school taught by Joe D. Humphrey, from Goshen. In June, 1817, the family moved to the Norton farm, which had been purchased of Reuben Rockell, of Winchester, Connecticut, five acres of which had been cleared and planted to corn, potatoes and oats. A residence had also been constructed, said to be the best in town, as the logs were butted off and were hewn on the inside. The family soon bought a good cow, the neighbors were kind and it was not long before a comfortable pioneer household was in full swing. Albert was eighteen when his father died and within a few years the family was broken up. The little farm of sixty-seven acres was divided, the widow and Albert having twenty-six between them and living together. He himself married in January, 1834, his wife being Miss Clarinda E. Eyles, daughter of William and Polly Eyles, who came from Litchfield, Connecticut, to the Western Reserve in 1814. She was born July 12, 1815, on her father's farm, which afterward became a part of the site of the city of Akron. The Eyles homestead was located on the hill west of the "Basin," above the old Summit. House. When "not quite five years of age she came to Wadsworth with the family, and on January 7, 1834, married Albert Hinsdale, to whom she bore five children, as has already been noted. The parents were both of strong and religious characters and the father, especially, was a person of close observation, quaint ex- HISTORY OF THE WESTERN RESERVE- 851 pression and more than ordinary originality. They were very earliest in their efforts to secure for their children a good education, and after giving them the advantages of the district schools placed them in the Eclectic Institute, now the Hiram College. They were thus well grounded in scholarship when they were called to the practical activities of life. Roldon O. Hinsdale added to the best of the old traditions all the enterprise and breadth of the new, and was both a successful farmer on a large scale and an able public character. Being a teacher in his early manhood he held advanced educational views, and endeavored to carry them into practice both in the school room and in the official service of the township. From 1894 to 1898 he occupied a broader field in the public eye, serving then as a member of the Ohio house of representatives. During that period he was not only an active member of the committee on food and dairy products but chairman of the committee on agriculture. In the latter position his obvious ability as a scientific agriculturist attracted such general attention that in 1903 he was appointed to the state board of agriculture. In that capacity he gave his special attention to the improvement of agricultural machinery, for which he had a positive genius ; but whatever his service on the state board he refused to accept any position which would take him permanently from Wadsworth and Medina county. At home he was the central figure in the development of grange interests, rural free delivery, the telephone system and all other projects which promised to lighten, broaden and strengthen the toilsome lives of his fellow agriculturists. This phase of his career cannot be too highly commended. The deceased was a member of the Disciples' church, to which his parents attached themselves early in its history, and fully sustained his profession of faith as a follower of Christ, his lowly but brave and spiritual model. HARVEY SANFORD SPENCER. - Prominent among the daring, energetic and enterprising young men who came to Ashtabula county ere the wild beasts had fled before the advancing steps of civilization, and assisted in the development of this fertile agricultural region, was Harvey Sanford Spencer, a successful farmer, and a man of sterling worth and integrity. A son of Caleb Spencer, he was born, April 5, 1797, in Fishkill, Dutchess county, New York. Caleb Spencer, the descendant of a New England family of importance, was born, in 175o, in Rhode Island, and served as a soldier in the Revolutionary war. About 1800 he removed with his family to Greene county,. New York, going there from Dutchess county, and was there a resident until his death, December 6, 1806. He married, in 1778, Jerusha Covell, a native of Chatham, Massachusetts. She survived him, and in 1809 came with five of her children to Ohio, settling near Jefferson, in the midst of a vast wilderness. She spent her last days at the home of a daughter in Ashtabula, dying August 14, 1836, aged seventy-six years. She was a woman of much ability and force of character, possessing keen wit, and was a most entertaining and interest-ing talker. To her and her husband ten children were born, namely : Robert C. ; Dennis Barzilla Nicholson ; Jerusha ; Alden Gage ; Edward Pierce ; Phoebe ; Daniel Maybey ; Harvey Sanford, the subject of this sketch and Platt Rogers, distinguished as the founder of the Spencerian system of penmanship. Coming as a boy with his widowed mother to Ohio, Harvey Sanford Spencer, still a young, unmarried man, was living in 1813 on South Ridge, Geneva. On that eventful day in September when Commodore Perry met and conquered the enemy, he and a companion, Horace Austin, were sowing wheat on an open field bordering on Lake Erie, where. now are growing trees two feet in diameter. Although he did not witness the battle, he saw the clouds of smoke rolling skyward, and heard the noise of the guns, sounding like heavy peals of thunder in the distance. In 1826 Harvey S. Spencer located on the lake, four miles north of the present site of Geneva, and with an energetic spirit and a pioneer's axe, began the clearing and improving of a homestead. His first dwelling was a primi tive log cabin, built of round logs, with neither floor nor door, a log being rolled up at the opening at night to keep out the wild beasts. Here he lived and labored until a few years before his death, when he moved. He married, in 1818, Louisa Snedicar, of Geneva. She proved a true companion and helpmeet, performing her full share of pioneer labor, being especially accomplished in domestid arts. She died in the village of Geneva, August 9, 1867. Eight children were born to her and her husband, namely : Betsey Elizabeth, Edward Pierce, Arthur Warren, 852 - HISTORY OF THE WESTERN RESERVE Warren Platt, Cullen Mark, Persis Jerusha, Marcia Naomi, and Arthur Wayne. Cullen Mark Spencer, the fifth child in succession of birth of his parents, assisted his father as soon as old enough in the care of the farm, and in course of time succeeded to its ownership. Here he lived and died. He married, about 1849, Mary Wilder. These children blessed their union, namely : Warren E., who owns and occupies that portion of the original homestead on which his grandfather erected his primitive log cabin ; Lewis C. ; and Susan P., wife of R. M.. Hoskins, residing also on a portion of the parental farm. Lewis C. Spencer, born February 4, 1859, has succeeded to the ownership of the summer resort and picnic grounds which his father, Cullen M. Spencer, and Edwin Pratt established at Sturgeon Point in 1869, having conceived the idea, the summer before, while out on the lake in a boat called the "Crab." They erected an ice house, and conducted the grounds successfully for fifteen years, Lewis C. Spencer and his brother Warren assisting their father. After the father's death, Lewis C. secured possession of the grounds, which they later sold, and part of the old homestead. It is well equipped for pleasure parties. He has a dance hall accommodating two hundred couples, a large bowling alley, with good boarding-houses, a hotel, and cottages, there being ample accommodations for many people. "The bathing and boating facilities are unsurpassed, and as a summer resort it is exceedingly popular. On October 14, 1886, Lewis C. Spencer married Theda E. Spring, a daughter of W. R. Spring, and they have three children, namely : Robert C., Mildred Alice, and Cullen Lewis. AUGUSTUS B. CHURCH, D. D., LL. D.—A distinguished figure in the educational circles of the Western Reserve is Dr. Church, the honored president of fine old Buchtel College, in the city of Akron, Summit county, and he is also one of the representative members of the clergy of the Universalist church, to whose ministry he devoted himself with zeal and consecration until assuming his present office at the head of one of the leading educational institutions maintained under the auspices of this denomination. Dr. Church finds a due measure 'of pride and satisfaction in reverting to the old Empire state of the Union as the place of his nativity. There the family home was established in the pioneer days and the name is one which has been identified with the animals of American history since the colonial epoch. The doctor was born in the town of North Norwich, Chenango county, New York, on the iith of January, 1858, and is the youngest of the four sons of William A. and Catherine (Conklin) Church, both likewise natives of the state of New York, and the latter a distant relative of Hon. Roscoe Conkling, who served with distinction as a member of Congress from New York, and also in the United States senate. The parents of Dr. Church passed their entire lives in New York, where his father was a prosperous farmer, in connection with which basic avocation he found much pleas-- ure in his devotion to the' profession of music, in which he had distinctive talent. Augustus B. Church passed his boyhood days on the old homestead farm, in connection with which he gained his initial experience as one of the world's workers, and Under the sturdy discipline involved he waxed strong in mind and body. His rudimentary education was secured in the district. school near his home, and here his attendance was largely confined to the winter months, as his services were in requisition in connection with the work of the home farm during the summer seasons. After completing the limited curriculum of the district school, he Continued his studies in the high school at Sherburne, New York, and later was a student in Clinton Liberal Institute, at Fort Plain, that state, located in the beautiful and historic Mohawk valley. From this institution he was graduated as a member of the class of 1882, and the same year was matriculated in St. Lawrence University, at Canton, New York, from which he was graduated in 1886, with the, degree of Bachelor of Arts. In 1892 his alma mater conferred upon him the degree of Doctor of Divinity, and in 1894 the degree of Doctor of Laws was conferred upon him by Tufts College, Massachusetts. In 1888 Dr. Church was graduated from the theological seminary at Canton, New York, and was ordained to the ministry of the Universalist church. His first pastoral. charge was at South Berwick, Maine, and while a resident of that place he was also incumbent of the office of superintendent of the schools of the town. In 1890 he assumed the pastorate of the Universalist church at North Adams, Massachusetts, where he remained for some time, and where he was a member of the board of education. In 1897 he accepted HISTORY OF THE WESTERN RESERVE - 853 the pastorate of the First Universalist church at Akron, Ohio, an incumbency which he retained for a period of four years, a part of which time he taught mental and moral philosophy in Buchtel College. In 1901 he was made acting president of this institution, and in 1902 was chosen its president. His administration of the affairs of the college has been most admirable, and through his efforts its interests and general prestige have been notably advanced. He is a man of profound erudition, but has naught of intellectual intolerance or arrogance. His enthusiasm in his work is of the most insistent type and is potent in creating the same spirit in his coadjutors, and also the students of the college. He is a member of the National Educational Association, the National Religious Educational Association, and the Ohio State Association of College Presidents and Deans. In politics he gives his allegiance to the Republican party, and he 'takes a deep interest in the questions and issues of the day, as a man of broad and practical views and wide mental ken. On the 5th of September, 1899, Dr. Church was united in marriage to Miss Anne Atwood, daughter of Rev. I. M. Atwood, D. D., president of the St. Lawrence Theological Semi, at Canton, New York. Dr. and Mrs. Church have four children : Evelyn, John A., Harold A.. and Dorothy T. CALVIN J. RICHARDSON, of Willoughby township, was born October 12, 1840, in Mayfield, and is a son of Truman Richardson, and grandson of Captain Joseph Richardson. Captain Joseph Richardson served in the war of 1812, when a young man, and about 1820 came with his r family to Ohio, and about twenty years later was found dead, having been killed accidentally. As a young man, when he was working on a church in Utica, New York, a man came along selling carpenters' squares, then unknown ; after looking at them, Captain Richardson went to work by himself and made a square by candlelight for his own use. .This is still in the hands of his grandson. Captain Richardson first came to Cleveland, Ohio, but later settled in Willoughby, near the lake shore, where he put up a saw mill and a turning lathe, making a dam in a small stream. He built the house now occupied by his grandson, M. 0. Richardson, about 1833-34, and they have a chair made by him over one hundred years ago. Captain Richardson had children as follows : Truman, who remained on his father's farm ; Samuel, who was a real estate agent, died at Cleveland, at the age of seventy years ; Salem left the state when a young man ; Lithanel married Nathaniel Stockwell, and is now dead and Phebe married James Cunningham. Truman Richardson lived at home with his parents, and at the age of twenty-five married. Maria Gray, sister of Martin E. and daughter of Andrew Gray. Mr. Richardson's farm consisted of one hundred acres, and he added thirty-five acres. He conducted the mill as long as it was open. He. was a great man to break horses, and was a good horseman, having some high-spirited teams. He died when past eighty, and his wife died about 1877; They had four children, namely : Calvin J., Morillos, on the old homestead ; Ella married William Graves, and lives at Painesville ; and Nettie, widow of Mr. Willey, of Chicago. Calvin J. Richardson was about four years of, age when his father returned to the old homestead, and lived at home until about twenty-two years of age; he received a high-school education and attended college until he enlisted in Company C, Eighty-eighth Ohio Volunteer Infantry, serving in the ranks. He was detailed for various work, having charge of forty horses sometimes, and at times serving as mounted orderly. He was one pf those to stand guard over the remains of Lincoln at the state house in Columbus. He was mustered out at Columbus, Ohio, and was detailed as clerk in the disbursing office, being chosen to make out discharges, on account of his fine handwriting. Mr. Richardson is a man of sterling qualities, and has the confidence and esteem of a large circle of friends. He is a useful and patriotic citizen, and interested in public affairs. He is a member of James A. Garfield Post, Grand Army of the Republic; of Mentor, is a Granger, and served sixteen years as deputy master. He was married, September 6, 1865, to Flora, daughter of Silas and Phebe (Brown) Green. Phebe Brown's father was a cousin of John Brown, living at Conneaut, a carpenter by trade. Silas Green's. father, Joab Green, was born November 14, 1792, was married to Rebecca Johnson, and built the first frame building in Conneaut ; they had eleven children, namely Elvira, Almeda, Harlow, Sophronia, William, Silas, Lovinia, Edwin, Alonzo, Joab and Jared. Silas Green died in January, 1908, and was buried in Con- 854 - HISTORY OF THE WESTERN RESERVE neaut, within one hundred yards of where he was born, beside his wife, Phebe Brown Green. Silas Green's father worked with Captain Joseph Richardson when they were young, Flora Green's mother once visiting C. J. Richardson's mother. C. J. Richardson lives on the farm that formerly belonged to his grandfather, Andrew Gray ; his mother inherited a small part of it, and he inherited a part, purchasing the remainder, and paying for it with potatos. He has a truck garden, selling the product to private customers ; he has fifty acres, bordering Mentor township. The house was built in 1833-34, at Richmond, later taken apart and shipped to the mouth of the Chagrin river and set up in Mentor township ; about sixty years ago it was removed to its present location, and still serves as a residence. Mr. Richardson has a great deal of fruit, that being the leading product of the farm, which is but a half mile from Lake Erie. He belongs to the Agricultural Society and also to Lake County Horticultural Society. For sixteen years he has been reporting weather conditions to the United States government, and for fifty years has kept a diary. Mr. Richardson had three children, two of whom survive, namely : S. Clyde, a rural route mail carrier, and Irma, a graduate in the class of 1909 from the Women's College of Western Reserve University. His son Ray was attending business college, and lacked but a few months of graduation, when he died suddenly, at the age of twenty years. Mr. Richardson has been a member of the Baptist church for about fifty years. His wife is also a member of the same church, having been a member for about forty years. HENRY MEANS.—Equipped for his legal duties as well by natural gifts and temperament as by learning and habits of industry, Henry Means has acquired distinction in his professional career, and is numbered among the foremost attorneys of Geneva. He has been quite prominent in local affairs, ever alive to the needs of the hour, and has served efficiently and well in different capacities, his excellent judgment and sound common sense winning him a place of importance in the community. A native of Pennsylvania, he was born, in 1849, in Mercer county, where he spent his boyhood days. Coming with his parents to Ohio, he was graduated in 1874 from the Grand River Institute, where he laid a substantial foundation for his future education. Turning his attention then to the study of law, Mr. Means was admitted to the bar in 1878, and has since been successfully engaged in the practice of his profession at Geneva. A stanch advocate of the principles of the Republican party, he has always worked for the promotion of those measures that will prove of lasting good to town and county. As mayor of Geneva for two terms, Mr. Means was instrumental in advancing the interests of the city, and during the many years that he has been a member of the village board of education he has done much towards, improving and elevating the status of the schools. Mr. Means married, July 2, 1874, Hattie M. Bond, of Rock Creek, and they became the parents of four children, namely : William H., born in 1875 ; Laura, born in 188o ; Ralph P., born in 1889 ; and Robert L., born in 1892. Mrs. Hattie M. (Bond) Means died in January 1903, and Mr. Means subsequently married, for his second wife, Hattie A. Clark. Fraternally, Mr. Means is a member of the Ancient Free and Accepted Masons, and of the Independent Order of Odd Fellows. ARTHUR L. GARFORD.-In the career of Arthur L. Garford, president of the Garford Company, of Elyria, Lorain county, is shown that definite persistence and ambition that are the mind's inspiration in the surmounting of obstacles,—the vitalizing ideal that transforms dreams into deeds. In connection with industrial and commercial affairs he has made a record of admirable achievement, and he is recognized as one of the foremost business men of the Western Reserve. He is also known as a citizen of unequivocal loyalty and integrity and as one whose public spirit has led him aside from the line of direct personal advancement to do well his part in the promotion of the general welfare. He is a dominating factor in connection with political affairs in his native state, and his prominence in the councils of the. Republican party: is indicated in the fact that his name has been brought conspicuously forward in connection with the party nomination for governor of Ohio. The difference between the generations of any country with a history is commonly not one of principle but of emphasis. The great American republic owes its magnificent upbuilding to the fact that it has developed men of distinctive HISTORY OF THE WESTERN RESERVE - 855 initiative power. There has been room for such men in every progressive business, however crowded it might be. The strength of the man with initiative is one both of ideas and of ability to shape those ideas into definite accomplishment. He knows how to make beginnings and how to expand his practical ideas according to demands or utilitarian possibilides. Such a man in the industrial life of the Western Reserve is Mr. Garford, whose name represents a power in the industrial and financial circles of this favored section of the Union and whose advancement has some through his own abilities and his own mastering of expedients. As a representative business man and honored and influential citizen he is well entitled to consideration in this historical publication, which has to do with the section in which his entire life thus far has been passed. Arthur Lovett Garford was born on a farm that is now within the city limits of Elyria, Lorain county. Ohio. on August 4, 1858. and is a son of George and Hannah (Lovett) Garford, the former of whom was born in Northamptonshire. England, and the latter in Leicestershire, of the same "right little, tight little isle." His paternal grandfather, William Garford, was for many years custodian and manager of a large English estate upon which his ancestors had lived for generations. The maternal grandfather, Edward Lovett, was an extensive silk and lace manufacturer, and one of his sons was manager of a large manufactory in England while another son served for many years in the English navy. Thus the subject of this review may revert with satisfaction to a sterling ancestry and feel appreciation of those who have wrought well in the past, leaving a heritage of worthy lives and worthy deeds. George Garford, father of Arthur L., was born in the year 1829 and was reared and educated in his native land, where, in 1851, was solemnized his marriage to Miss Hannah Lovett. In the following year he came to the United States and soon after his arrival in the port of New York City he came to Ohio and took up his abode in Elyria, Lorain county, which was then a small village. In 1853 his young wife and their first child, a son, joined him in the new home, and they still reside in Lorain county, being now numbered among the venerable and honored pioneer citizens of Elyria. Upon coming to Elyria George Garford engaged in landscape gardening, in which he Vol II-10 had received excellent training in his native land, and later he turned his attention to the breeding and raising of live stock, in which latter field of industry he gained a national reputation. He was for many years a successful exhibitor of sheep and cattle at state and county fairs, and as a stock-grower he attained to a high degree of financial success and prestige. From 1863 until 1882 he occupied the Elywood stock farm, in Lorain county, and, as already intimated, he and his wife now maintain their home in Elyria. They are members of the Episcopal church and in politics he has ever been a stanch supporter of the cause of the Republican party. Arthur L. Garford was reared on the farm and was afforded the advantages of the excellent public schools of Elyria, from whose high school he was graduated as a member of the class of 1875. In 1877, when nineteen years of age, he became cashier in the extensive china importing house of Rice & Burnett, in the city of Cleveland, and a year later he was promoted to the position of head bookkeeper, which office he resigned in 1880, as the confinement and onerous duties had caused his health to become much impaired. He returned to his home in Lorain county and after a short period of physical recuperation became bookkeeper in the Savings Deposit Bank of Elyria, a newly organized institution. In 1882 he was promoted to the position of teller, and in 1884 was made assistant cashier, which incumbency he retained until 1891, when he assumed the responsible office of cashier. Concerning the influences which led him to make a radical change in his vocation the following record is given in a sketch of his career written by John T. Bourke and published in the Cleveland Leader and in this connection it should be noted that he resigned his position of cashier in 1892, after having organized the Garford Manufacturing Company in the preceding year. To make the quoted statements more in harmony with the sketch at hand slight paraphrase and elimination are used : "The sedentary life told on him, however, and to get fresh air and exercise he took to the bicycle. High wheels were then the rage, and Mr. Garford had several falls, some of them rather serious. He wondered if something could not be done to prevent frequent falling from the bicycle. He studied the matter, and the invention of the famous Garford bicycle saddle was the result. He patented the invention and offered to sell the patent to a Chicago 856 - HISTORY OF THE WESTERN RESERVE manufacturer for $100. The tender was refused and Mr. Garford made a contract with an Elyria factory for a large number of saddles. Before these could be marketed the low or safety wheels supplanted the high wheels in public favor. He had several thousand saddles on his hands and failure seemed to be staring him in the face. He didn't lose courage, but devised a plan by which his saddle could be remodeled for the low wheel. For three years the sales continued to increase, and then occurred the burning of the factory in which the saddles were made, destroying the entire stock. The success of his invention had been assured, however, and in 1893 Mr. Garford built a mill of his own for the manufacture of saddles. The Garford saddle became the most popular in the country, and the inventor's concern, as it developed, picked up rival companies until it controlled the bicycle-saddle industry of the United States. A million saddles a year were made. The companies were consolidated, and Mr. Garford formed the American Saddle Company, a great success. The saddle company was in turn absorbed by the American Bicycle Company, of which Mr. Garford became treasurer. He subsequently withdrew from the concern and organized the Automobile & Cycle Parts Company, whose title was later changed to the Federal Manufacturing Company, which had nine mills, located in Cleveland, Chicago, Milwaukee, Indianapolis and other cities. The controlling interest was owned by the Pope Manufacturing Company, successor to the American Bicycle Company. Mr. Garford resigned as president of the Federal Manufacturing Company and purchased its automobile-parts plants in Cleveland and Elyria, forming the Garford Company, in 1905. The Federal Company was organized in 1901 and was capitalized for $5,000,000. In 1907 Mr. Garford built the large automobile factory in Elyria, and the same is operated under the title of the Garford Company. The great Studebaker Company, manufacturers of vehicles, became interested, but Mr. Garford has control of the concern of which he is the executive head, and the plant constitutes one of the largest automobile factories in the land. It contains 120,000 square feet of floor space and is of concrete and steel construction, absolutely fireproof. In 1902 Mr. Garford went to France and reorganized with a commission for the owners, the Cleveland Machine Screw Company, under the name of the Cleveland Automatic Machine Company. This corporation has an extensive plant in Cleveland and controls a large business throughout the United States and the European continent and England." The productive energy of Mr. Garford seems to have "grown by what it fed on," and there has been no apparent limit to his powers as an organizer and a veritable "captain of industry." In 1903 he organized the Columbia Steel Works, of Elyria, where he built its fine plant, and here he also built the plant of the Worthington Company. He is a large stockholder in each of these corporations and also in the Perry-Fay Company, of Elyria, of which he was an organizer.- He is also president of the previously mentioned Cleveland Automatic Machine Company, which is incorporated with a capital of $1,000,000, and owns the controlling interest and stock. In 1898 he purchased a majority interest in the Republican Printing Company, of Elyria, of which he is president. This company publishes the Evening Telegram, one of the leading Republican dailies of the Western Reserve. In 1895 he effected the organization of the Fay Manufacturing Company, of which he became president, as did he also of its successor the Worthington Manufacturing Company. In 1905 he was the prime actor in the organization of the Perry-Fay Manufacturing Company, previously mentioned, and of the directora,te of the same he is a member at the present time. In 1907 he assisted in the organization of the American Lace Manufacturing Company, of Elyria, and he has since been its president. Of these various Elyria industrial corporations with which he has identified himself all have been distinctively successful and they operate under effective capitalistic and executive control. As a business man of varied and important interests, Mr. Garford has practically had no trouble in connection with the labor problem. He is liberal in his policy of administration and accords to employes not only their just deserts but shows a lively appreciation and sympathy, so that he retains their confidence and good will. He has voluntarily made sacrifices in order to keep his men employed in times past, and the spirit of candor, honesty and fairness which has characterized his every thought and action as a citizen and business man has not failed of appreciation on the part of those who owe to his energy and ability their employment in various capacities. From the sketch to which recourse has been made for a previous quotation, is taken the following estimate: HISTORY OF THE WESTERN RESERVE - 857 "Mr. Garford is of the best type of the successful business man. He finds time not only to build up his material fortunes but also to build up his city and to do his duty as a citizen. The story of his career is an object lesson for ambitions, courageous young men. It shows what may be accomplished by the man of energy in a comparatively few years by means of push and vigor and without deserting the hearth-stone about which he played as a boy. The home in which he was born is within the city limits of Elyria. In his early youth his parents removed to a farm, now also a part of Elyria. It was on this farm that young Garford was reared. The frame house in which he lived when first married stands upon it today, and on the same farm is the commodious and artistic modern stone residence which is now his home. Mr. Garford believes the secret of accomplishment is the economy of time and energy. He always finds time to do what he has in mind. He methodically divides his time, and thus manages to give necessary attention not only to his varied business enterprises, but also to politics, to church and to the various interests of the community. Mr. Gar ford is a long-distance thinker. He has a creative mind When he looks into a proposition he analyzes it thoroughly and draws a logical deduction of what there is in the future for it. When he makes up his mind to go ahead with a venture, be it business or political, he puts common sense and industry behind it." Mr. Garford was one of the organizers of the Elyria Chamber of Commerce, of which he was the first president and of which he is now a director, as well as chairman of its transportation committee. He enters heartily into the social life of his home city, to whose progress and prosperity he has contributed in most generous measure and in which his popularity is of the most unequivocal type. He is a charter member of the Elyria Country Club and was its first president. He is a member of the board of trustees of the Elyria public library and he and his wife are valued members of the First Congregational church of this city. He holds membership in the Engineers' Club, New York City, is a resident member of the Union Club of Cleveland, and is identified with various other social and semi-business organizations. He called together the first meeting of the citizens of Elyria to promote the securing of a water supply from Lake Erie, and he was a leader in the contest, prolonged during a period of seven years, which culminated in providing Elyria with a water system unexcelled in the entire Union, as the supply is secured directly from properly arranged intakes that bring to the city the pure water from Lake Erie. His interest in all that concerns the welfare of his home city is of the most insistent order, and no man has done more to promote the advancement and civic and material prosperity of Elyria than has this honored native son. In the ranks of the Republican party, while never a seeker of public office, Mr. Garford has been a most zealous and effective worker. He has been a frequent delegate to the state, district and county conventions of his party in Ohio, and in 1896 he was a delegate to the Republican national convention, in St. Louis, where McKinley was nominated for the presidency. In 1908 he was a delegate to the national convention which placed President Taft in nomination. Concerning his association with public affairs the following estimate has recently been given : "In taking an interest in the politics of city, county and state he has always stood for what was clean and for the betterment of the people. He was one of the first Ohioans to champion the Taft cause, and he fought for a new deal in the Republican organization in 1906." He is a member of the National League of Republican Clubs, and in March, 1909, its president, Honorable John Hays Hammond, appointed him to membership on its advisory board, as representative of the state of Ohio. On December 14, 1881, was solemnized the marriage of Mr. Garford to Miss Mary Louise Nelson, daughter of the late Thomas L. Nelson, of Elyria, and they have two children,—Mary Katherine, now Mrs. James B. Thomas, born July 17, 1883, and Louise Ely, born July 19, 1885. FRANK M. WHITNER. - A manufacturing enterprise which contributes its quota to the industrial and commercial precedence of the city of Akron is that conducted by the Akron Varnish Company, of which Mr. Whitner is secretary and treasurer. He is known as one of the aggressive and representative business men of this city, where he has attained to success through his own well directed efforts, and where he is held in unequivocal esteem as a citizen. The Akron Varnish Company was organized on the 1st of February, 1897, and was incorporated with a capital stock of two hundred 858 - HISTORY OF THE WESTERN RESERVE and fifty thousand dollars. The personnel of the original executive corps was as here noted : Edward G. Kubler, president ; John M. Beck, vice-president and general manager ; John H. McCrum, treasurer ; Stephen H. Kohler, secretary ; and Fremont A. Fauver, superintendent. Under such administrative control the enterprise was continued until 1901, when the treasurer of the company took a hasty leave of absence, and a reorganization of the company took place, with the following named officers : Edward G. Kubler, president ; John M. Beck, vice-president and treasurer ; Edward M. Beck, secretary ; and Frank M. Whitner, assistant treasurer. In April, 1908, J. M. Beck succeeded Mr. Kubler in the presidency, E. M. Beck became vice-president, and Frank M. Whither became treasurer and in January, 1909, he became incumbent of the dual office of secretary and treasurer. The plant of the company is thoroughly modern in equipment and facilities, and its products include all kinds of varnishes, japans and driers, besides paints and oils of the best type. The concern controls a large and constantly expanding business, and represents one of the valuable industrial enterprises of Akron, whence its goods are shipped into most diverse sections of the Union. Frank M. Whitner was born on the homestead farm of his father, in Copley township, Summit county, Ohio, on the 7th of February, 1868, and is a son of Wilson and Lenah C. Whitner. The father was born in Summit county, February 19, 1845, and was a son of Joseph Whitner, one of the honored pioneers of the county. Wilson Whitner was a carriage builder by trade, and was identified with this line of enterprise for many years. He was a resident of Akron at the time of his death, and was a business man of no little prominence in his native county. Frank M. Whitner gained his early educational training in the public schools of Summit county, after which he continued his studies in a grammar school in Geauga county. Still later he was afforded the advantages of an excellent select school at Chardon, Geauga county. When about eighteen years of age he became a clerk in a grocery store in Akron, and later he was here employed in other clerical capacities, in leading retail establishments, including the dry goods store of John Wolf. In 1891 he became one of the interested principals in the business conducted by the firm of Kubler & Beck, varnish manufacturers, and of this firm the present Akron Varnish Company is the direct successor. Of his official connection with the latter mention has already been made, but it may be further stated that his progressive ideas and effective executive service have done much to forward the development of the concern to its present status as one of the successful manufactories of the Western Reserve. In politics, Mr. Whitner gives his support to the Republican party, and while he has never been a seeker of public office, he is ever ready to lend his aid and influence in the furtherance of measures and enterprises projected for the general good of the community. He is identified with various fraternal and social organizations in his home city, and he and his wife hold membership in the Trinity Lutheran church. In the year 1891 Mr. Whitner was united in marriage to Miss Clara M. Fraunfelter, daughter of Professor Elias Fraunfelter, who was for fourteen years the able and popular superintendent of the public schools of Akron. Mr. and Mrs. Whitner have one daughter, Lucile C., born in Akron, November 16, 1892. ALBA BURNHAM MARTIN.-A man of ability, enterprise and character, Alba Burnham Martin, late of Geneva, was for many years actively identified with many of the leading interests of this part of Ashtabula county, and took an active part in public affairs, holding positions of trust and responsibility. He was born, July 12, 1841, in Windsor township, this county, and died at his home in Geneva, January 24, 1908, his death being a loss to the community in which he had so long resided, as well as to his immediate family. He was of New England ancestry, his father, Leonard Martin, having been a native of Connecticut. When a boy, Leonard Martin went with his parents to New York state, and there resided until after his marriage. About 1838 he came with his family to Ohio, took up land in Ashtabula county, and from the dense wilderness redeemed a portion of this beautiful country, improving the homestead on which he spent his remaining days, dying at the age of seventy-two years. He married, in Buffalo, New York, Louise Burn-. ham, a native of Connecticut, and they became. the parents of six children, two of whom are HISTORY OF THE WESTERN RESERVE - 859 now (1909) living, namely: 0. J. Martin, of Rock Creek, Ohio ; and Emma, wife of Samuel Miner, also of Rock Creek. One child, Milton, lived but three years; Edgar, another son, for many years a farmer in Windsor township, died when a little more than sixty years old ; Sarah. widow of Milton Loomis, of Rock Creek, died October 22, 1909 ; and Alba Burnham Martin, the subject of this sketch, whose death occurred as above mentioned. Having scholarly ambitions when young, Alba B. Martin was given good educational advantages, attending both the Farmington Academy and the Orwell Academy, fitting himself for a professional career. He subsequently taught school winters for a number of years. in the other seasons writing insurance and selling lightning rods, traveling extensively in New England. In 1875, in order that his children might receive good educational advantages, Mr. Martin located in Geneva, and at once became associated with the Geneva Tool Company, being made its secretary, and a salesman. For a number of years he had charge of the office of the company, eighteen in all, at the end of that time retiring from active work. He still retained his stock, however, until the company was absorbed by the trust. Engaging then in the real estate and insurance business, Mr. Martin and his sons, with whom he formed a partnership, carried on an extensive and lucrative business, buying and selling village and farm property, many valuable estates passing from one owner to another through the agency thus established. Mr. Martin was an active assistant in promoting the welfare of both town and county, and served six years in the city council, and was for five years a member of the Geneva school board, during which time the Normal School building was erected. He refused, however, to run for mayor. On September 27, 1866, Mr. Martin married Azelia Waters, who was born in Hartsgrove, Ohio. Her father, Milton R. Waters, was born in Hartford, Connecticut, and came with his parents to Ohio, settling in Trumbull county, where he subsequently married Pluma Moore, who came with her parents, Isaac and Alcinda Moore, from Connecticut to Ohio. Two sons and two daughters brightened the union of Mr. and Mrs. Martin, namely : Ward B., Frank W., May Louise, and Cora Pluma. The sons are among the foremost real estate dealers of Geneva, having an extensive and remunerative business. All of the children were graduated from the Normal School, and the daughters have, in addition, taken a college course. May Louise completed the library course at the University of Illinois, in Champaign, Illinois, and is now. an assistant in the Cleveland Public Library. Cora Pluma had a kindergarten training in Chicago, Illinois, and is now teaching in a kindergarten school at Lakewood, Ohio. Mr. Martin was prominent in fraternal circles, belonging to lodge and chapter, and serving each in an official capacity, being a member of Eagle Commandery, No. 29, K. T., of Painesville, and of the Independent Order of Odd Fellows. He served during the Civil war in the One Hundred and Fifth Ohio Volunteer Infantry, from which he was honorably discharged on account of physical disability, and was a member, and past commander of Bowers Post, No. 41, G. A. R. GEORGE W. BILLOW.—One of the representative business men of the younger generation in the city of Akron is he whose name initiates this paragraph. He is secretary of the Billow Sons Company, funeral directors, and is a son of Captain George Billow, the founder of the enterprise, and one of the honored citizens of Akron, where he is now living virtually retired. Concerning him individual mention is made on other pages of this work, so that in the present connection further review of his career and of the family genealogy is not demanded. In the sketch of his life also is given an outline of the history of the representative business now conducted by his sons and one with which he was actively identified until the summer of 1908. The Billow Sons Company was incorporated on the l0th of June, 1908, with a capital stock of twenty-five thousand dollars, and succeeded to the business theretofore conducted under the firm name of Billow & Sons. The stock of the concern is all retained in possession of members of the immediate family, and the personnel of the executive corps of the company is as here noted: Captain George Billow, president ; Edwin L. Billow, vice-president ; George W. Billow, secretary ; and Charles F. Billow, treasurer. The establishment of the company is thoroughly metropolitan in all departments and is the most extensive of the kind in Akron. The finely equipped building is three stories in height and is located on Ash street, where are to be found spacious recep- 860 - HISTORY OF THE WESTERN RESERVE tion parlors and general undertaking rooms, in which are carried large and select lines of caskets and coffins, both of wood and metal, together with all accessories demanded. The company own and operate three fine funeral cars and five coaches, and have their own livery department, so that they are prepared to assume full charge of all details and relieve the afflicted families of responsibilities attending necessary service. All of the brothers have been thoroughly trained in the business and are practical funeral directors and licensed embalmers. George W. Billow, the eldest of the three sons interested in this enterprise, was born in Akron, on the 13th of May, 1866. Here he was reared to maturity and here, after duly availing himself of the advantages of the public schools, he became a clerk in the dry goods establishment of Wolf & Church, with whom he remained about three years, after which he was similarly engaged in the establishment of J. Koch & Company. His next position was that of bookkeeper for J. Koch & Company, engaged in the clothing business, and thereafter he was incumbent of a similar position with Whitman & Barnes Manufacturing Company, another representative local manufacturing firm. He next passed thirteen months in Ravenna, Ohio, as senior member of the firm of Billow & Lenhart, and upon his return to Akron, in 1898, he became associated with his father in the undertaking business with which he has since been actively identified, as indicated in preceding paragraphs of this article. He is also a stockholder in a number of other leading corporations in his native city, and is essentially a broad-gauged and progressive business man and loyal and public-spirited citizen. In politics Mr. Billow gives his support to the cause of the Republican party, and he and his wife are communicants of the Church of Our Saviour, Protestant Episcopal. He is an appreciative and valued member of the Masonic fraternity, in which his York Rite affiliations are with Adoniram Lodge, No. 517, Free & Accepted Masons ; Washington Chapter, No. 25, Royal Arch Masons ; Akron Council, No. 80, Royal & Select Masters ; and Akron Commandery, No. 25, Knights Templars. He is identified with Lake Erie Consistory, Ancient Accepted Scottish Rite Masonry, in which he has attained to the thirty-second degree, also member of Al Koran Temple, A. A. O. N. M. S., and is also a member of the Masonic Relief Association of Akron. He is a member of the Ohio Commandery of the Military Order of the Loyal Legion of the United States, and holds membership in the Masonic Club and other civic and social organizations in his home city, where his circle of friends is limited only by that of his acquaintances. On the 5th of June, 1888, Mr. Billow was united in marriage to Miss Myrtie Lenhart, daughter of William and Prudence (Morris) Lenhart, of Akron, where she was reared and educated, and in whose social activities she is a prominent figure. Mr. and Mrs. Billow have one son, Archie L., who was born on the 2d of August, 1889, and who was graduated in the Akron high school as a member of the class of 1907 ; he is now incumbent of a position in the offices of the Diamond Rubber Company, in Akron. MARTIN E. GRAY, now deceased, of Wi loughby, was born in Madison county, New -York, January 29, 1815. He was a son of Andrew and Sarah (Harkness) Gray, natives of Hampshire county, Massachusetts, he the son of Jacob Gray, also of Massachusetts; several generations before him lived in New England. Andrew Gray settled in New York in 1810, there working at his trade of blacksmith. In 1837 he came to Ohio, and settled on his farm in Willoughby township, on the lake shore, spending seven years in a log house. He was a soldier in the war of 1812. He died in 1861, being past eighty years. He was a Baptist and his wife a Methodist. She lived to be over ninety. Martin was the only one of eight children to reach maturity. Martin E. Gray cast his first vote for William Henry Harrison ; he was a Whig until the inception of the Republican party, whose cause he then espoused. He served as township trustee, and for six years as justice of the peace. He married, in 1844, Mary Hopkins, born in Groton, Tompkins county, New York, and came with her parents to Ohio in 1833. Martin Gray and his wife had three children, namely : Andrew, Ophelia, who died in childhood, and Marie, deceased. Andrew married Myra Bostwick and operated the old home farm ; he was educated at Dennison, Ohio. The Gray farm contained originally but one hundred acres, but Martin E. Gray kept adding to it until it was two hundred. T HISTORY OF THE WESTERN RESERVE - 861 present brick residence was built by him in 1875, and the old frame house built by his father about 1840, is still a good house. Andrew Gray spent nis entire business life on the farm, and he died there in 1895, aged fifty years. The sawmill which was erected by his grandfather, Andrew Gray, Sr., and operated by him, and also by Martin Gray, was operated by Andrew Gray, Jr., until his death, and then by Frank M. Gray until 1902, in which year it was carried out by the water, having been in operation about fifty years. Andrew Gray's widow resides in California. Their children who reached maturity are : Cora B., the wife of Roscoe Huber, of Riverside, California ; Frank Martin, occupying the old farm, married in 1901, Alice Ida Orr, daughter of Mrs. L. E. Orr, of Willoughby, and they have no children ; Nellie Bostwick, married Everett Campbell and has one child, James Gray, and lives at the old Gray homestead. STELLA CYNTHIA HARPER, daughter of Alexander and Jane Harper, of Unionville, Ashtabula county, is of an old Irish family whose American ancestor, James Harper, brought his wife and children to New England in 1720. They first landed on the shores of Casco bay (now Maine), but the Indians frightened them to the Massachusetts colony and they settled finally at Boston. John, one of the sons of the original emigrant, married Abigail Montgomery, who was also of an Irish family whose experience in the new world had been similar to that of the Harpers, as its founders had been driven away from the Casco coast by savages and sought safety in Massachusetts. John and Abigail Harper had eleven children, of whom Alexander, the ninth, was born in Middletown, Connecticut, February 22, 1744. Captain Alexander Harper, as he is known far and wide in the family records, first brought the name into the history of the Western Reserve, as one of the first pioneers of the country northwest of the Ohio river. In 1754 he moved with his parents to Cherry Valley, New York, where he received what was considered quite a liberal education for the country and times.. In 1768, with three of his brothers and eighteen other associates, he obtained a patent for 22,000 acres of land in what is now Delaware county, New York, and the location of the colony in 1770 resulted in founding the town of Harpersfield. In 1771 he married Elizabeth Bartholomew, who had recently migrated from New Jersey, and eight children were born to them. The three years from 1777 to 1780 were filled with perils for the family, on account of Indian attacks, Alexander Harper serving as first lieutenant at one of the Schoharie forts and as a frontier scout. On March 3, 1780, he received his captain's commission. In April of that year while a detachment of troops from the fort were making maple sugar near the headwaters of the Charlotte river they were captured by a band of Indians under the noted Chief Brant. It happened that he and Captain Harper were schoolmates and this fact undoubtedly prevented a massacre of the American prisoners, who were hurried on to Fort Niagara, the British stronghold. Before reaching their destination, however, the prisoners were forced to run the gauntlet, the captain being the first selected. Fortunately, he passed that ordeal, only to endure a painful captivity of two years and eight months. After his release, in 1783, he returned to his family at Harpersfield, New York, and spent the following fifteen years as a builder of a prosperous community. In June, 1798, the family moved to the wilds of the Western Reserve, being among the first to settle in what is now Ashtabula county. The township in which they settled was named Harpersfield in honor of the captain, who was the leader of the colony which located there, but he did not long survive this second migration, as he died of malarial fever on the loth of the following September. His remains still repose in the old churchyard, just south of the square in the, old village of Unionville. Robert Harper was the eighth and last born to Captain Harper and his wife, his natal day being May 16, 1791. He married Miss Polly Hendry and died December 15, 1850, and of his four children Jane Harper, who married a cousin (Alexander J.), was the youngest. Colonel Robert Harper (colonel in the war of 1812) built the old homestead still standing and beloved, known as Shandy Hall, and which was so long occupied by "Uncle Alexander" and "Aunt Jane," the former of whom passed away May I, 1906, and the latter, October 6, 1908, at the respective ages of seventy-seven and seventy-five, the former having been born September 28, 1829, and the latter March 10, 1833. In 1835, when "Aunt Jane" was two years of age, the first piano was brought into the Western Reserve and set up with much ceremony and amid much neighborhood excitement in the old Harper homestead. The 862 - HISTORY OF THE WESTERN RESERVE eldest son born to Alexander J. Harper and his good wife, Robert by name, died December 16, 1905, at the age of fifty-two. Rice Harper, the other son, is the general manager of a wine company at Santa Cruz, California. The two daughters, who have never married, are Stella Cynthia and Ann, and they still reside at the historic old Shandy Hall, at Unionville. ADDISON D. MYERS.—One of the largest landholders of Geneva, Ashtabula county, widely known as proprietor of the "Maple Tree Hackney Stock Farm," Addison D. Myers is one of the most enterprising and progressive agriculturists of this part of the Western Reserve, and for many years has held a place of prominence among its leading business men. A native of Erie county, New York, he was born, April 11, 1836, in Aldon, where he spent his boyhood days. When he was ten years old his father died, and he was soon afterwards thrown upon his own resources. Leaving home at the age of fourteen years, he was for a year chore boy at a hotel in Geneseo, New York. Pushing his way onward, he went first to Pittsburg, Pennsylvania, then to Cincinnati, where he found employment in the Galt Hotel, where he remained several months. The following two years he worked on a river boat plying between Cincinnati, Natchez, and New Orleans, and while thus employed had a rough experience, oftentimes seeing old gamblers playing for negroes. In 1853 his companion, Lagrange Tiffany, died of spotted fever in New Orleans, but before dying made Mr. Myers promise to take his body home to his friends, in McGregor, Iowa. After performing that sad duty, Mr. Myers spent two years in St. Charles, Iowa, selling cheap jewelry. Going to Illinois in 1858, Mr. Myers spent a year in .Chicago, working as a carpenter, and while there met Damon Davis, from Aldon, New York, who told him that his mother had removed to Geneva, Ohio. Therefore, after an absence from home of nine years, Mr. Myers hastened to Ashtabula county, and found that his mother, who had come here with her son, Haskell Myers, had married a Mr. Battles, and was living in Austinburg, this county, while his brother Haskell was keeping a hotel in Geneva, at the same time being engaged in lumbering in the southern part of the county, rafting logs down the Grand river. Hiring out to his brother for a year, Mr. Myers managed the hotel, the Union House, his brother being absent the greater part of the time. He afterwards worked at his trade in Paducah, Kentucky, and at Evansville, Indiana, following it awhile, and then returned to Geneva. At the breaking out of the Civil war, the Geneva Light Artillery, an independent state military company, was ordered out. As it was short of men, Mr. Myers and one of his friends, Frank Viets, enlisted in it, and went with the company to West Virginia, where, at the Battle of Philippi, Captain Kenney's company, to which he belonged, had the honor, as given by the war records, of having fired the first gun after the taking of Fort Sumter. After serving for three months, Mr. Myers, with his comrades, was honorably discharged, and returned to the Union House, in Geneva. Renting then a building of his brother, Mr. Myers opened the .first feed and livery stable in Geneva, starting at first with but three horses. In February, 1864, in company with his father-in-law, Charles Tinker, Mr. Myers opened a shop at Garrettsville, Ohio, and began the manufacture of wood-cutting and later mowing machines, making among others the Union Mower, for which Mr. Myers made the patterns. Previous to that time, however, Mr. Myers had spent a winter in Iowa, selling fruit trees, and when he returned to Geneva in the spring of 1864, brought back with him a bunch of horses, which he shipped to New York and sold for $5,000. This money he put into the Garrettsville shop, and when he withdrew from the firm he received thirty mowing machines as his share of the profits for two years' work. Returning to Geneva in 1866, Mr. Myers bought the old Union Hotel, enlarged it, putting in a brick front, and raising it, and conducted it until 1869, when he sold out for $14,000. He subsequently rented a stable, and bought and shipped horses to New York. In 1870 he hired out to sell lightning rods, receiving $150 a month salary. In the meantime Mr. Tinker had continued his factory at Garrettsville, and Mr. Norman Caswell was at the same time making handles for hoes, forks, etc., in Geneva, and at Mr. Tinker's suggestion put in a trip hammer at Garrettsville, operating it there a year. In 1870 Messrs. Tinker and Caswell consolidated, forming a stock company under the name of the Geneva Tool Company, into which Mr. Myers put $5,000. While selling lightning rods on the road, Mr. Myers subsequently received a telegram urging him to return to build the shop for the company, and HISTORY OF THE WESTERN RESERVE - 863 on July 15, 1870, began grading the grounds, his salary being $150 a month, and on January 1. 1971 the plant was in operation. Mr. Myers was made superintendent of the factory with a force of thirty-six men tinder him, and built up a good business in the making of tools of all kinds, including forks, rakes and hoes. Mr. Caswell succeeded Mr. Myers as superintendent, Mr. Myers. who was a director, going back to his business of horse buying, while Mr. Tinker was president. In February, 1871, Mr. Tinker wired Mr. Myers to be present at the next board meeting, and he afterwards entered the shop as a workman. receiving four dollars a day wages. The first year, with Mr. Caswell as superintendent, the company lost $15,000. and Mr. Myers was then employed as superintendent, with a salary of $1,500 a year. The following year the debt of $15,000 was wiped out, and a dividend of two per cent was paid the stockholders. Mr. Myers served as superintendent of the company for twenty-seven years. and every year the company paid a dividend. His salary was increased until it amounted to $2,000 a year besides which he had two per cent of the net earnings, after a dividend of six per cent had been paid. The number of men under him had been increased from thirty-six to two hundred, and the ouput of the factory grew from $30,000 to $200,000, the capital stock remaining at $100,000, with a surplus of $63,000. When in 1897. it was decided that the company enter the trust, Mr. Myers refused to go with it, and stepped out. In 1882 Mr. Myers purchased eighty-two acres of his present farm, lying one and one-fourth miles from Geneva, and soon built his present residence. He has bought more land, having now three hundred and forty-five acres is his home farm, and has met with eminent success in horse raising and dealing, for the past sixteen years having bred Hackney horses of a superior grade. and makes a specialty of matching and breaking young horses. In December, 1863, Mr. Myers married Maria A. Tinker, a daughter of Charles and Mary Tinker, of Garrettsville. She died in October, 1869, and their only child, Wick C. Myers died in childhood. Mr. Myers married second December 31, 1873. Ella K. Lockwood, a daughter of Jonathan and Emma Lockwood, of Geneva, and they have three children, namely; Don, working with his father on a salary; Eva, at home; and Eula. wife of John Seymour, of Ashtabula. Politically Mr. Myers is a Democrat, and fraternally he was made a Mason in 1863. ERHARD STEINBACHER.-A man of sterling character and one who left a definite impress upon the civic and business annals of the city of Akron was the late Erhard Steinbacher, who was for many years one of the prominent and influential business men of this ,part of the Western Reserve and whose name and personality are held in grateful memory by all who knew him and had appreciation of his worthy life and worthy deeds. He came from the German fatherland to America when a young man, and through his own energy and ability gained distinctive success in connection with the productive activities of life, and he ever showed himself possessed of a strong, true and noble spirit, a full appreciation of his stewardship and an abiding sympathy and charity for "all sorts and conditions of men." He achieved material success, of significant order through worthy means, was loyal as a citizen, and so lived as to retain the confidence and esteem of all with whom he came in contact. His nature was one of sincere and positive order, and integrity was the dominating attribute of his long and signally useful career, whose termination came with his death, at his home in Akron, on the 27th of April, 1903. Mr. Steinbacher was a native of the kingdom of Bavaria, Germany, where he was born on the 30th of March, 1825, so that he was nearly four score years of age when he was summoned from the scenes of life's activities. He came of stanch old German lineage and the family was long one of prominence in Bavaria. In the excellent national schools of his native kingdom he received his early educational training, which was supplemented by further study in historic old Heidelberg College. In 1844, at the age of nineteen years Mr. Steinbacher severed the gracious ties which bound him to home and fatherland and set forth to seek his fortunes in America. He came to Ohio soon after his arrival in the 'United States, and here the first two years of his sojourn in a strange land were passed in Akron and Cleveland. In 1847 he returned to Germany, where he made a visit of a few months, at the expiration of which, in 1847, he returned to America and again took up his residence in Akron, which was then a mere village of inconspicuous order. With the discovery of gold in California, in 1849, Mr. Steinbacher was one of the adventurous spirits 864 - HISTORY OF THE WESTERN RESERVE who journeyed to the far distant gold fields in that memorable year. He made the long and weary overland journey and joined the gold-seekers in their ardent quest, meeting with a fair measure of success. He returned to the east in 1851, by way of the isthmus of Panama, and in February of that year again took up his residence in Akron, where he entered into partnership with George Weimer and engaged in the drug and grocery business, utilizing a frame building which stood on the site of the present First National Bank. In 1851-2 he erected the three-story brick building which he so long occupied at 104 East Market street, and there he continued in the grocery and drug business in an individual way from 1865 until his demise. He was at the time of his death one of the oldest and pioneer business men of Akron, where he was known to all classes of citizens and where he was held in the most unequivocal confidence and esteem. He was also one of the organizers and incorporators of the Citizens' Savings and Loan Association, in 1872, and was its president from its inception until the close of his life. He was also a stockholder in the First National Bank and was one of the organizers of the Akron Iron Company, of which he continued a director from its incorporation until his death. At the time of the outbreak of the Civil war Mr. Steinbacher, who had received thorough military training in his native land, held the office of major in the state militia of Ohio, and in addition to being a member of the local military organization designated as the "Squiriel Hunters," a body of men who assumed the work of defending the invasion of Kentucky and Ohio by Confederate raiders in 1862 ; he was also especially active in promoting enlistments for the Union armies and in providing supplies for the soldiers in the field, as well as in caring for their dependent families. As a citizen Mr. Steinbacher was liberal, progressive and public-spirited, and in every possible way he did all in his power to promote the advancement and material and civic prosperity of his home city. In politics he accorded an unwavering allegiance to the Republican party, and his religious faith, exemplified in thought, word and deed, was that of the Episcopal church. He was identified with various social and fraternal organizations, and his popularity was of the most unalloyed order, based upon his sterling character and his genial personality. In April, 1853, Mr. Steinbacher was united! in marriage to Miss Phoebe Potter, of Suffield, Ohio, and they became the parents of four children,—Marie Louise, who died in infancy;. Kate L., who is the wife of George N. Tyner, of Holyoke, Massachusetts ; Edward E., who died April 29, 1887 ; and Georgia Belle, now deceased, who married George L. Stewart.. Mrs. Steinbacher was summoned to eternal. rest on the 26th day of January, 1890, at the age of fifty-eight years. In 1894, Mr. Steinbacher contracted a second marriage, being then united to Mrs. Jane. Smith, widow of Dr. Jacob Smith, who was for many years one of the leading physicians and surgeons of Akron, where his name is held in grateful memory. Mrs. Steinbacher was born in the historic old city of Edinborough, Scotland, and was a child at the time of her parents' removal from the land of hills. and heather to America. She has ever taken deep interest in the history of her native land and takes pride in the long line of sterling Scottish ancestors through whom her genealogy is traced on both the paternal and maternal sides, though her loyalty to the land in which she was reared and has maintained her home from childhood is of the most insistent and appreciative type. She is still most alert both mentally and physically, finding pleasure in the associations and the interests which surround her in the gracious twilight period of her life. MAHLON E. SWEET.—The name of Mahlon E. Sweet is prominently associated with the fruit growing interests of Lake county. He was born within a half a mile of his present home on the 16th of November, 1835, a son of John H. and Harriet (Harris) Sweet, both of whom were born in Wayne county, New York.. Coming to Ohio during an early period in its history they located in the woods of Lake county, and shortly after the birth of their son Mahlon they left the farm on which they had first located and settled on land just east. There John H. Sweet lived and farmed until 1856, when he moved to the old Harris farm near Mentor. His wife was a daughter of Preserved and Nancy (Warner) Harris, who came to Ohio about the same time as the Sweets, about the year of 1830, and they located on this farm near Mentor in 1856. Mr. and Mrs. Sweet moved there to take care of her parents during their declining years, but she and her husband died before the parents. Just after returning from a visit to his son HISTORY OF THE WESTERN RESERVE - 865 Benjamin in the hospital at Perryville, Kentucky, Mr. Sweet was taken ill, and died in the same year, 1863, and his wife survived him but eight weeks, their ages at the time of death being sixty-three and fifty-seven years respectively. Mr. and Mrs. Harris survived their daughter ten years, and were quite old at the time of their death. Eight children were born to Mr. and Mrs. Sweet, namely : Nancy, the wife of Nelson Wilkins Groveland, Oakland county, Michigan ; Preserved, who was a farmer and died at the age of sixty years in LaGrange, Illinois ; Mahlon, of this review ; Amos. an agriculturist near Mentor ; Benjamin, who served his country in the Civil war, but was discharged for disability, and he is a merchant at Western Springs, Illinois ; Job, who is farming near Mentor ; Matilda, the wife of Joshua Long, of Newton Falls, Ohio ; and Richard, a rancher and merchant at Oakland, California. Two of these sons were represented in the Civil war, Benjamin and Job, and the latter served until the close of the conflict. Mahlon E. Sweet remained at home with his parents until their removal to Mentor, and during the six years following his marriage he fanned the old Sweet homestead. He then came to his present place, in which his wife owned an interest, and in addition to erecting its buildings he has since added to its boundaries until it now contains one hundred and she acres. When he took up his abode here it was but pasture land, but he has since placed it under a high state of cultivation, planting it mostly with fruit, raising apples. peaches, pears, plums and grapes, with apples and grapes as leaders. The vineyard covers about eight acres of ground, and from twenty-five to thirty acres of the farm is devoted to fruit culture. It is well adapted for this purpose, lying high above the lake, and the remainder of the place is devoted to general ag,riculture. Mr. Sweet married on September 1, 1857, Sarah Ellen Campbell, who was born in Montville, Geauga county, Ohio, and was six years of age when she came with her parents, Henry and Electa (Allen) Campbell, to Lake county, they locating just east of Kirtland. Mr. and Mrs. Sweet had no children of their own, but they have given homes to many, including Jennie Wakely, whom they raised from six years of age, and she is yet with them. Nettie Campbell. a niece of Mrs. Sweet, was educated by them to teach, and she followed the profession until her marriage to F. S. Allen, and she is now living at Kirtland. They also gave a home to two of the children of Mr. Sweet's brother Preserved for two years. Benjamin Delmater was with them for three or four years when a boy, and James G. Cobean came to them at the age of ten and remained until about fifteen or sixteen years of age. During eight years Mr. Sweet has spent the winter months in Florida, at Eustis in Lake county, thus escaping the cold and rigorous months of the north. He has served his township as a trustee for two terms and has been many times a delegate to the county conventions of the Republican party. He is a member of and an active worker in both branches of the Grange, and has represented the local order at the state Grange. WILLIAM WALLACE STOCKING. - A wide-awake, brainy business man, full of energy and enterprise, W. Wallace Stocking is intimately connected with one of the leading industries of Ashtabula county, being general purchasing agent for the Ideal Hoop Company, of Ashtabula, his place of residence, however, being in Geneva. A son of William H. and Mercy (Talcott) Stocking, he was born, October II, 1863, in Chester, Geauga county, Ohio. The Stocking family originated in England, its founder in America having been George Stocking, who located in Cambridge, Massachusetts, in 1633, the line of descent being as follows : George ( 1), Samuel (2), George (3), Captain George (4), George (5), Elisha (6), Chester (7), William H. (8) and William Wallace (9). An extended sketch of his ancestors may be found elsewhere in this volume, in connection with the sketch of Chauncey H. Stocking, his brother. Obtaining his early education in the district schools, and at a select school in Thompson Center, William Wallace Stocking remained at home until twenty years old. He subsequently worked with his father and brother at the carpenter's trade for ten years, but since that time has been employed in the timber trade. For a while he had a saw mill and lumber yard in Madison village, carrying on a retail trade, but afterwards engaged in a wholesale lumber trade, doing business in Ohio, Pennsylvania and the South. Coming from Madison to Geneva in 1901, Mr. Stocking conducted a shoe store for two years, and the following two years was manager of the Painesville Veneer Company, in which he 866 - HISTORY OF THE WESTERN RESERVE was a stockholder. Going back then to Geneva, Mr. Stocking became general purchasing agent for the Ideal Hoop Company of Ashtabula, and now has full control of the buying of the elm timber used in the manufactory. He supervises all of its timber tracts in Ohio, Pennsylvania and New York, having several assistants in his labors. In this capacity, Mr. Stocking handles a great deal of. standing timber, having it cut by contract, and placing it in the mill to be cut as desired, oftentimes having to buy large tracts of land to obtain the needed timber. He is an expert in this line of business, and has an extensive knowledge of the forest resources of the great Middle West. Mr. Stocking married, April 22, 1890, Fanny Benjamin, who was born in Kingsville, Ohio, a daughter of Rice Benjamin, of Ashtabula county, and they have one son, Wallace Benjamin Stocking, born November 9, 1898. SAMUEL G. BARNARD.-It cannot be denied that a publication of this nature exercises its most important function when it takes cognizance, through proper memorial tribute, of the life and labors of so distinguished a citizen as the late Judge Samuel Goodwin Barnard, of Medina, who was a native of Medina county and a scion of one of the most honored pioneer families of the historic old Western Reserve. It was given him to accomplish a notable work in the field of popular education as well as in that of the law, and he ever stood exponent of the most real and loyal citizenship. His was a gracious, noble personality and his memory will long be cherished and venerated not only in the county and city in which the major portion of his life was passed, but also by the many who profited from his instructions and admonition during the many years which he devoted to pedagogic work. He served for a number of years as judge of the probate court of Medina county, and thereafter was familiarly known by the title which he thus gained. Samuel Goodwin Barnard was born in Guilford township, Medina county, Ohio, on April 4, 1828, and was the third in order of birth of the six children of Abner and Diana (Blanchard) Barnard. His father was born in the town of Simsbury, Scotland parish, Hartford county, Connecticut, on November 3, 1799, and his mother, who was a daughter of Thomas and Sylvia Blanchard, of Windsor, Poquonock parish, Hartford county, Connecticut, was there born on February 15, 1799 ; their marriage was solemnized on February 22, 1820. Abner Barnard was a son of Captain Samuel and Roxana Barnard, representatives of old and worthy colonial families of New England and both of stanch English lineage. Captain Samuel Barnard, father of Abner Barnard, and grandfather of Samuel G. Barnard, the subject of this sketch, gained his title of captain in the Revolutionary war. Abner Barnard continued his residence in Connecticut for several years after his. marriage, and there two of his children were born. On May 10, 1827 Abner Barnard set forth for the Western R; serve, which was then considered on the ve frontier of civilization. The family journey in wagons to Albany, New York, from whic point they found transportation to Buffalo by canal boat. In the latter city, which was then a mere village, they embarked on the primitive steamboat "Enterprise" for Cleveland. Considering this portion of the long and weary journey the following has been written : "Arriving at a point three miles from that city, the captain of the vessel refused to go farther,— because, it is said, of some previous misunderstanding with the officials of the city,—and the passengers were compelled to trust themselves to the open boats. These, laden down nearly to the gunwales, in the darkness of the night, made their tedious way to what was then the hamlet of Cleveland, the passengers touching the water when resting their hands on the sides of the boats. Fortunately, the passage from the steamboat was made without accident, and the little family came from Cleveland, on the old pike, to a point on this road in Guilford township, Medina county, nearly a mile north of the village of Seville, settling on what is now known as the Martin farm." It may be inferred that this farm at the time was represented essentially by the virgin forest, and here Abner Barnard provided as a home for his family a log house of the primitive type common to the locality and period, after which he essayed the herculean task of reclaiming his land to cultivation. Here this honored pioneer passed the residue of his life, and his devoted wife also died on the old homestead. They were folk of superior mentality and sterling character, self-reliant and industrious, and well fortified for the vicissitudes of the pioneer era. Concerning their children but records extant are somewhat incomplete, but the following is of interest : Mary W., born in Connecticut, HISTORY OF THE WESTERN RESERVE - 867 December 31, 1822, died May 6, 1850 ; James E., born in Connecticut, August 22, 1825, died at Sterling, Ohio, October 19, 1905 ; Samuel G., subject of this memoir, was the first of the children to be born on the old homestead farm in Medina county, Ohio, where also the other three children were born ; Albert G. was born October 14, 1831, and is a resident of Seville at this time ; Charles I I. was born September 12, 1836, and died April 4, 1852; and Hercelia was born April 25, 1842, is still living in Medina county. Judge Samuel G. Barnard passed his childhood days on the home farm, but as the care of a large family and the insufficient means of providing for the same, taxed the powers of the devoted parents, each of the sons began to depend largely upon his own resources from boyhood and to contribute his quota to the support of the other members of the family. Thus Judge Barnard began to work by the day or month when a lad of but twelve years, finding employment on neighboring farms and at such other work as he could secure. It may be understood that under these conditions his early educational advantages were most limited. Indeed, the only advantages available were those of the primitive pioneer schools, which he was able to attend at brief and varying intervals. Like many another who has risen from the obscurity of the pioneer farm and has essentially bent circumstances to his will, Judge Barnard had an insatiable ambition and an appreciation of the necessity for a broader education. Thus he made progress through self discipline and study during hiss leisure hours. That he made good use of these hours is evident when we advert to the fact that when but sixteen years of age he became eligible for the work of a teacher and was engaged as an assistant instructor in a select school in the tittle village of Seville. In the following year he successfully taught a winter term of school. Under such conditions he initiated his work in a profession in which he was destined to attain much of success, prestige and distinction. Concerning the various stages in his career of progress from this point it is deemed best to draw, with but slight paraphrase, from a previously published sketch of his life. He continued teaching school in the winter for a number of years, and was then engaged as principal of the normal school at Weymouth. This school, which had an enrollment of more than one hundred pupils, he taught with but one assistant, and with such distinguished success that he was forthwith elected superintendent of the- Medina public schools. This position he filled with great acceptability until his failing health forced him to resign.. But teaching had become his chosen life work, and after a few months' respite he opened a. normal school in Medina. Here his efficiency as a teacher was displayed in a marked degree and attracted a large attendance from a wide area of country. This school was a great success in every respect, and Judge Barnard had the gratification of knowing that under his guidance many of his pupils laid the foundation of an education that has placed them in positions of prominence and responsibility. Probably the leading characteristic of Judge Barnard as an educator was his skill in directing young minds, and he was recognized as being especially successful in influencing those who were regarded as particularly wayward. It was this feature of his school that gained for it so wide a reputation and caused it to be sought for their children by wise and careful parents. It is needless to add that the school was highly successful, financially as well as professionally. Judge Barnard was appointed a member of the county board of school examiners in 1853 and retained this incumbency until about 1870, save while occupying the office of probate judge. At the close of his second term in the latter position he was again elected to the superintendency of the Medina public schools, and he retained this position until he resigned to accept a similar appointment at Ravenna, Portage county. Here again his zeal made too heavy demands upon his strength, and his declining health admonished him that he must resign his chosen work. Thereafter, and up to the time of his death, he was compelled to decline many invitations to resume his work as a teacher, and for many years he devoted himself to the practice of the law. He was admitted to the bar in 1852 and initiated practice in association with J. C. Johnson, of Medina, but abandoned it for teaching, after an experience of six months. In 1874, however, he again engaged in the practice of, law, and he gained an enviable position at the bar. Ever well fortified in his opinions upon po litical, economic and social matters, Judge Barnard was aligned as a stalwart supporter of the principles and policies of the Republican party, in whose cause he gave yeoman service, though he manifested naught of ambition for 868 - HISTORY OF THE WESTERN RESERVE official preferment. In 1876 he was chosen presidential elector on the Republican ticket, was made a member of the judiciary committee in the Ohio electoral college, and cast his vote for Rutherford B. Hayes and William A. Wheeler, the respective candidates of his party for president and vice-president. In the field of politics he was known as an effective organizer and forceful speaker. He was clear and logical in thought, ready and apposite in expression, and forceful in delivery. Though a man of intense convictions, he surveyed public questions with a calm, dispassionate judgment. Of a generous, sympathetic and confiding nature, his personality shone most graciously in the home circle and among his intimate friends. In varied activities Judge Barnard touched success at many points, and this generation knew him as one whose life exemplified a beautiful content and whose character was one of symmetrical development, in which culture and polish had not weakened the qualities of strength and force. A natural graciousness in manner and mind marked his intercourse with his fellow men, and the affection entertained for him was of one of much warmth and sincerity. He was a devout communicant of the Protestant Episcopal church, as was .also his wife, and in its work they ever took an active part. Judge Barnard was summoned to the life eternal on January 9, 1907, and the angle of his influence continues to widen in ever cumulative beneficence now that he "rests from his labors." On October 7, 1849, Judge Barnard was united in marriage to Miss Malvina M. Martin, daughter of Asa and Nancy (Wetherbee) Martin, both natives of Bath, Grafton county, New Hampshire, where the former was born on February 14, 1807, and the latter on September 25, 1805. The marriage of Mr. and Mrs. Martin was solemnized in their native town on August 8, 1826, and in 1832 they came to Ohio and took up their residence in Medina county, where they made their advent on November 30. They became the parents of four children, of whom Mrs. Barnard was the second in order of birth. She was born at Bath, New Hampshire, September 16, 1828, and her death occurred in Medina on the evening of January 16, 1902. Concerning this noble woman the following appreciative words have been written by one who knew her and had cognizance of her admirable attributes of character : "Notwithstanding the meager oppor tunities for gaining an educatiop in the pioneer community in Medina county, her quick perceptions as a child and her earnest devotion to her studies enabled her to make such rapid progress that at the age of fourteen years she was granted a certificate and began teaching in the local schools. She continued in this • profession until some time after her marriage. Possessed of fine mental abilities, excellent 'forecast of mind, good taste and judgment and lively wit, she was, above all, womanly, a devoted mother and an earnest member of the Protestant Episcopal church." Judge and Mrs. Barnard became. the parents of four children, concerning whom the following brief data are given: Frank J., born in Medina, March 26, 1852, was educated in Cornell University, New York, and was a prominent educator in the state of Ohio for fourteen years, when he was chosen superintendent of the schools of Seattle, Washington, which position he held for eleven years. He now represents the American Book Company in the state of Washington; Lily, who was born in Medina, March 23, 1856, died on August 12 following; Bertie A., who was born in Medina, August 12, 1857, was for some time a teacher in the public schools of her native village, where she still resides, owning and occupying the attractive old family homestead and being held in affectionate regard in the community which has represented her home during virtually her entire life ; she was educated under her father in the public schools and at Medina Normal school ; Harry, the youngest of the children, was born in Medina, September 29, 1865, and died at Ticonderoga, New York, in 1895. NATHANIEL P. GOODHUE.-A representative business man and prominent and highly esteemed citizen of Akron, which has been his home from the time of his birth, Nathaniel P. Goodhue, is treasurer of the Bruner-Goodhue-Cooke Company, whose sphere of operations includes insurance, real estate, loans and abstracts. This concern is one of the largest of the kind in the Western Reserve and dates its organization back to the year 1882. In 1889 a reorganization took place and the company was at that time incorporated with a capital stock of fifty thousand dollars. Mr. Goodhue is also assistant secretary of the Akron Building & Loan Association, has been incumbent of various public offices and is a citizen to whom is accorded the fullest measure of popular confidence and esteem. HISTORY OF THE WESTERN RESERVE - 869 Nathaniel Perkins Goodhue was born in the city of Akron on the 6th of August, 1854, and is a son of the late Judge Nathaniel W. Goodhue, to whom a memoir is dedicated on other pages of this work, so that further resume of the family history is not demanded in the present connection. The subject of this sketch gained his early education in the public schools of Akron, and in September, 1872, when eighteen years of age, he became deputy clerk of the United States Court in the city of Cleveland. This incumbency he retained until December, 1878, and thereafter he was a traveling salesman for the wholesale boot and shoe firm of Keller & Goodhue, of Rochester, New York, until 1880. He then passed two years in the study of law in the office of his father, in Akron, and when the latter became probate judge of Summit county, on the 9th of February, 1882, the son entered the probate office in the capacity of deputy clerk. He was incumbent of this office at the time of the death of his honored father, September 12, 1883, and he continued to hold the position during the regime of Judge Charles R. Grant, until the 9th of February, 1891. In November of the preceding year Mr. Goodhue was elected, on the Republican ticket, to the office of clerk of the courts for Summit county, and of this important office he continued in tenure, by successive re-elections, until August, 1897. He now gives his attention principally to his large business interests, and in addition to those already noted in this article he is one of the principal stockholders in the Bruner-Goodhue-Cooke Company, of which he is treasurer, conducts operations of wide scope and importance, and its business is one which has definite bearing on the industrial prestige and material advancement of the city of Akron. In politics Mr. Goodhue gives an unwavering allegiance to the Republican party, in whose cause he has rendered yeoman service. He and his wife hold membership in St. Paul's Episcopal church, and he is identified with various fraternal and social organizations ofrepresentative order. connection with the social activities of her native city. Mr. and Mrs. Goodhue have no children. On the 4th of April, 1883, was solemnized The marriage of Mr. Goodhue to Miss Mary Kent McNaughton, daughter of Finley and Ella (Kent) McNaughton, who were at that time residents of Akron and who now are deceased. Mrs. Goodhue was born in Akron, October 31, 1858, and here she has ever made her home, being prominent and popular in connections with the social activities of her native city. Mr and Mrs Goodhue have no children. PRYOR L. FRANK.—During many years the name of Frank has been associated with the business interests of Portage county, and the family was founded in this state by Samuel and Mary (Monosmith) Frank, the grandparents of Pryor L. They were numbered among the Trumbull county pioneers, and they were farming people there for a number of years, finally moving from there to Alliance, Ohio, and the later years of their life were passed in Freedom township, Portage county. John F. Frank, one of the sons of Samuel and Mary, was born in the Trumbull county home, and he is now one of the honored residents of Warren township, Portage county. In Newton township of Trumbull. county he married Margaret Christ, from Pennsylvania, the eldest of her parents' four children. Left an orphan when but eight years of age, she was reared by an aunt at both Milton and Berlin, in Trumbull county, Ohio. The young couple after their marriage resided at Newton Falls, where he followed contracting and building, until coming to Charlestown in Portage county in 1875. They lived there and in Freedom until 1888, when they moved to Warren, Ohio, and Mr. Frank followed contracting there until 1893. In that year he bought the farm in Warren township where he now resides. The children of Mr. and Mrs. Frank are, Pryor L., who is mentioned below ; Aaron, whose home is in Warren, Ohio ; Simon, of Ravenna ; Elizabeth, the wife of Earl Dunlap, a railroad engineer at Painesville, Ohio ; Levi, who is also residing in Ravenna ; and Henry, who died in infancy. Pryor L. Frank was born in Newton township, Trumbull county, Ohio, December 3, 1863, and learning the trade of carpentering from his father he worked with him from the age of seventeen until 1890. During the following three years he was a contractor in Charlestown, and then returning to Ravenna he built his present home here and has since been actively identified with its business life. In 1905 he built a planing mill and carpenter shop, and he is also the proprietor of a retail lumber yard, where he furnishes employment to from twenty to sixty men. He married on September 2, 1890, Eva G. Beman, from Atwater, in Portage county, a daughter of Cassius and Sarah (Mix) Beman, 870 - HISTORY OF THE WESTERN RESERVE who were also born in the town of Atwater. The two children of this union are Carl and' Mary. Mr. Frank is a Republican in politics, and he is a member of the Masonic order and of the Modern Woodmen of America. He is also a member and a trustee of the Congregational church at Ravenna. ALLEN A. BARBER.—With the civic and business history of Portage county the name of Allen A. Barber has been prominently identified, and he stands as one of the representative citizens of this favored section of the Western Reserve, has Maintained his home in Portage county from the time of his birth and, through both paternal and maternal lines, is a scion of old and honored families of the historic Western Reserve. He has been continuously engaged in business in the village of Garrettsville for more than half a century, and the hardware firm of which he was the senior member now takes precedence as being the oldest in Portage county. He is also engaged in the real estate and insurance business, and is one of the best known and most highly esteemed citizens of his native county, where he has been called upon to serve in various offices of public trust and where his name has ever stood synonymous of integrity and honor. Allen A. Barber was born in Freedom township, Portage county, Ohio, on May 1, 1833, and is a son of Captain Harmon and Locena (Daniels) Barber. Harmon Barber was born in the state of Massachusetts, where the family, which is of stanch English stock, was founded in the colonial era, and the date of his nativity was December 14, 1804. He was a son of Thomas Barber, who came with his family from the old Bay State to the Western Reserve in the early years of the nineteenth century and numbered himself among the early settlers of Nelson township, Portage county, where he secured a large tract of land and reclaimed a farm from the virgin forest. He was a prominent figure in the public and civic life of this section in the pioneer days and was a man of sterling character. He and his wife here passed the residue of their lives, and they reared a family of sixteen children. Captain Harmon Barber was afforded the advantages of the common schools of his native state and was a young man at the time of the family immigration to the wilds of the Western Reserve. He assisted in the reclamation of his father's farm and eventually became the owner of .a farm in Freedom township, where he continued to be actively identified with agricultural pursuits until his death, in 1845, at which time he was only forty-one years of age. In 1829 was solemnized the marriage of Captain Barber to Miss Locena Daniels, who was born in Freedom township, Portage county, on November 1, 1809, and who was a daughter of Reuben and Polly (Larcomb) Daniels, who came from the state of Massachusetts and became early settlers of Portage county, where the father set to himself the arduous task of reclaiming a farm from the wilderness and where both he and his wife passed the residue of their lives, honored by all who knew them. Captain Barber was one of the popular citizens of Portage county, where he held various public offices of a local order and where he served as captain of a company in the state militia. His political support was given to the Democratic party and both he and his wife held membership in the Methodist Episcopal church. They became the parents of five children, namely : Calvin J., who is a resident of Rodney, Iowa ; Allen A., who is the immediate subject of this sketch ; Chester T., who died at the age of about forty-one years ; Brewster 0., who died at the age of twenty-nine years ; and Polly, who was about forty-two years of age at the time of her demise, and she married Jerry Musser, of Garrettsville. After the death of her first husband Mrs. Locena Barber became the wife of Paul Musser, and they had one daughter, Ella, who is now deceased. Mrs. Musser survived her husband and passed the closing days of her life in the home of her eldest son, Calvin J.. Barber, in Iowa, where she died on December 24, 1873. Allen A. Barber passed his childhood days on the home farm and his early advantages in an educational way were those afforded in the common schools of the locality and period. When about fourteen years of age he went to Parkman, Ohio, Geauga county, where he served an apprenticeship of about three years to the trade of tinsmith. He then returned to his native county and took up his residence in Garrettsville, where he engaged in the work of his trade and where he has been continuously identified with business interests during the long intervening years, within which he has risen to the position of one of the representative merchants and influential citizens of his native county. HISTORY OF THE WESTERN RESERVE - 871 In 1857 Mr. Barber associated himself with Enos C. Smith and engaged in the hardware business in Garrettsville under the firm name of Barber & Smith, and this business alliance continued without interruption until 1883, when Mr. Smith bought Mr. Barber's interest in the hardware business. For a number of years Mr. Barber has also been engaged in the real estate and insurance business, in which his agency controls a representative support. He is the owner of valuable realty in Garrettsville and elsewhere in Portage county and has made many important transactions in the real estate department of his business. In politics Mr. Barber has ever been aligned as a stalwart supporter of the principles and policies of the Democratic party, and he has shown a loyal interest in public affairs, giving his support to enterprises and measures tending to conserve the general progress and prosperity of his home town and county. He has served for many years in the office of justice of the peace, to which he received his first commission from Governor William Allen, and he has since been confirmed in the office by nearly all of the successive governors of the old Buckeye commonwealth. He was for sixteen years a valued member of the board of education of Garrettsville, and during most of this period was treasurer of the board. He served four years as postmaster of Shalersville, during the first administration of President Cleveland, and at the same time he was incumbent of the office of treasurer and justice of the peace of Shalersville township. He has been the candidate of his party for the offices of county sheriff and county treasurer, and while running ahead of his ticket was unable to overcome the normal Republican majority in the county. Mr. Barber has done much to promote the upbuilding and general progress of Garrettsville, and his influence has ever been given in support of all worthy undertakings. In view of his life and labors it may well be understood that he maintains an impregnable hold upon the confidence and esteem of the community in which practically his entire life has been passed and in which he now stands as one of the venerable citizens and pioneer business men. He and his wife hold membership in the Unitarian church, as did also his first wife, and he is affiliated with the Masonic fraternity and the Independent Order of Odd Fellows. He is a past-master of Mantua Lodge, Free and Accepted Masons, of Garrettsville. He is also identified with Vol. II-11 the local council of Royal and Select Masters, and with the Commandery, Knights Templar, in Youngstown and Warren, Ohio. In February, 1855, Mr. Barber was united in marriage to Miss Helen McClintock, who was born in Bloomfield township, Trumbull county, Ohio, in 1832, and who was a daughter of William and Polly McClintock, who were pioneers of the Western Reserve and who passed the closing years of their lives in Portage county, where they resided for many years. Mrs. Barber was summoned to the life eternal in 1896, and is survived by four sons,—Frederick A., who is a resident of Mantua, Portage county ; William H., who is engaged in business in the village of Kent, this county ; Frank A., who is a representative citizen of Chagrin Falls, Cuyahoga county ; and George A., who is identified with business interests in the city of Cleveland. On May 7, 1897, Mr. Barber contracted a second marriage, as on that date was solemnized his union with Miss Lucy Lane, who was born in Windham township, Portage county, Ohio, on June 25, 1841, and who is a daughter of Hiram and Caroline (Davis) Lane, the former of whom was a native of Litchfield county, Connecticut, and the latter of Westmoreland, Oneida county, New York. Hiram Lane was a son of Nathaniel Lane and when he was but four years of age, in 1810, his parents immigrated from Connecticut to the Western Reserve and settled at Braceville, Trumbull county, where he was reared and educated and where he continued to be identified with agricultural pursuits until his marriage. He then took up his residence in Windham township, Portage county, where he became a successful farmer and where he continued to reside until his death, which occurred when he was sixty-eight years of age. He was a man of sterling attributes of character and was one of the honored and influential citizens of his community. His wife, who came to the Western Reserve when a girl and who made her home with an older sister until her marriage, lived to attain the age of sixty-five years, and her memory is revered by all who came within the sphere of her gentle influence. Mr. Lane was always liberal in his religious views and until middle life Mrs. Lane was a Methodist, but in late life was a member of no church, holding like her husband liberal views. They became the parents of four daughters, all of whom are living, namely : Sarah, who is the wife of Ambrose B. Collins, 872 - HISTORY OF THE WESTERN RESERVE of Ravenna, Portage county ; Lucy, who is the wife of Mr. Barber, of this sketch ; Augusta, who is the wife of Joseph Schooley, of Cleveland ; and Helen, deceased wife of Almearon Pierce, of Ravenna. Mrs. Lucy (Lane) Barber gained her preliminary educational discipline in the district schools of her native township, after which she pursued her studies in the graded school at Farmington, and finally she was matriculated in Hiram College, in which fine old institution she was a student for one year. She was long numbered among the successful and popular teachers in the public schools of the Western Reserve, and devoted her attention to the pedagogic profession for the long period of seventeen years, and up to the time of her marriage. For ten years she maintained her home in the city of Cleveland, and for four years she vas a resident of Braceville, Trumbull county, where she maintained her home until her marriage, in 1897. She is a woman of fine intellectual attainments and gracious personality, and is prominent in connection with the religious and social activities of Garrettsville, where she has the friendly regard of all who know her. HENRY C. KAUFFMAN has been numbered among the business men of Ravenna since February of 1907, when he came to this city and became associated with H. J. Meyers in monumental work. Their work is principally along the line of preparing monuments and laying flagstone sidewalks, and on June 1, 1908, the business was incorporated as a stock company and has since been known as the Ravenna Monumental Company. The officers of the company are as follows : H. J. Meyers, president ; E. P. Fouse, vice-president ; and Henry C. Kauffman, secretary and treasurer, all men of the highest standing in business circles. Mr. Kauffman was born in Mifflin, Juniata county, Pennsylvania, January 28, 1876, a son of William and Mary (McCahan) Kauffman, also from Mifflin, Pennsylvania, and a grandson of Henry and Mary (Kauffman) Kauffman, also from the Keystone state, and of Alexander and Rebecca (Custer) McCahan, of Scotch parentage. Mrs. McCahan was a cousin of the celebrated General Custer. Both Mr. and Mrs. William Kauffman yet reside on a farm in Juniata county, Pennsylvania. Henry C. was the third born of their five sons and five daughters, and the early years of his life were spent on his parents farm, working in the fields during the summer months and attending the country schools in the winters. Thus he continued until he had attained the age of twenty years, and then going to Akron, Ohio, he worked on farms in that vicinity for two years. He then worked in the Goodrich rubber works for nine years. At the Close of that period, in February of . 1907, he came to Ravenna and has since been prominently associated with its interests. He married on September 7, 1898, Ella Fouse, who was born in Akron, Ohio, a daughter of Edwin P. and Mary (Rose) Fouse, natives respectively of Stark and Summit counties, this state. The children of this union are Mary Grace and Eva May. Mr. Kauffman upholds and supports the principles of the Republican party, and he is a member of the Methodist Episcopal church. GEORGE WALLACE ALVORD, one of the leaders of the Lake county bar, is of a well-known Massachusetts family, whose members have been identified with the agricultural and professional progress of this section of the Western Reserve since 1851. He is of English descent, although his ancestors have lived for several generations in America. Gaines Alvord, his grandfather, who was a native of Massachusetts and a soldier in the Revolutionary war, was prominent in the affairs of the New Jersey militia, dying at the age of nearly ninety years. His father, G. W. Alvord, was born in Granby, Massachusetts, and was reared in his native state, where he married Miss Margaret Bush, a representative of a prominent New England family.; In 1851 they migrated to Lake county, settling on a farm near Madison. Their five sons and four daughters were reared in Lake county. Mr. Alvord, of this sketch, is a native of Concord, Lake county, born in 1856, and obtained his education at the Painesville Union schools and the Western Reserve College. In 1880 he was admitted to the Ohio bar, and has since become a leading lawyer. He has mostly practiced alone, but in recent years was connected with the Honorable A. G. Reynolds, formerly speaker of the House in the Ohio legislature, but upon Mr. Reynolds' elevation to his present position as judge of the common pleas court, in January, 1909, the firm name of "Alvord & Reynolds" was dropped, and in April, 1909, Mr. Alvord formed a partnership with Elbert F. Blakely, an able lawyer and HISTORY OF THE WESTERN RESERVE - 873 present prosecuting attorney of Lake county, and the firm of "Alvord & Blakely" carries both dignity, strength and a high reputation. Mr. Alvord is also one of the leading Democrats of Lake county, and enjoys the honor of having served as the first mayor of Painesville belonging to that party. He is affiliated with Masonry (Knights Templar) and Odd Fellowship, belongs to the Knights of Pythias and the Elks, and is an honored citizen whose substantial character is founded on intellectual ability, fraternal traits and firm moral qualities. He married Miss Mary Moodey, only daughter of the late Addison Moodey, June 20, 1895, a lady of culture and prominence in social circles. Both are active members of the Congregational church, she a lifelong member and he since 1898, and none stand higher in practical church and charity labors than he and his good wife. DAVID L. ROCKWELL.—When it is stated that Judge Rockwell is a scion in the fourth generation of one of the distinguished pioneer families of the Western Reserve, an indication is at once given of the fact that the name which he bears has been identified with the annals of this favored section of Ohio for a long period of years. In his individual career he has not only upheld the high prestige of the family name but has also, through official preferments conferred upon him, effectively set at naught any possible application of the scriptural aphorism that "a prophet is not without honor save in his own country." He is incumbent of the office of judge of probate of Portage county, has large and important business interests in this county, and as a loyal citizen and a man of sterling characteristics he has a secure place in the confidence and esteem of the people among whom his entire life has been passed and who are familiar with every stage of his career. Judge David L. Rockwell was born in the city of Akron, Summit county, Ohio, on August i 1, 1877, and is a son of David L. and Mary E. (Metlin) Rockwell, the former of whom is deceased and the latter of whom maintains her home in Ravenna, the county seat of Portage county. David L. Rockwell, Sr., was born in the village of Franklin Mills, now known as Kent, Portage county, Ohio, on May 13, 1843, and he became one of the prominent members of the bar of the Western Reserve, besides gaining precedence as a banker and financier. He was a man of fine intellectual and professional attainments and was a distinguished member of the bar of Western Reserve for many years. He was engaged in the practice of his profession in the village of Kent until 1878, when he removed to Ravenna, the judicial center of the county, where he continued in the active and successful work of his profession until August, 1884, when he was compelled to withdraw from active practice on account of having received an apoplectic stroke, which induced partial paralysis. Thereafter he devoted his attention to exacting business interests. In 1881 he organized the City Bank of Kent, and he became president of the same at the time of its inception, retaining this chief executive office until his death and through his interposition and personal popularity making possible the upbuilding of a substantial banking business. He retained the presidency of the bank for twenty years and was; as already stated, its executive head at the time of his demise, which occurred on May 20, 1901. He was also a stockholder in various manufacturing concerns and was known as one of the substantial capitalists of Portage county. As a man and a citizen none could claim a more generous measure of popular confidence and respect, and by very virtue of his strong and noble character he drew to himself and held the most inviolable friendships. In politics he accorded an uncompromising allegiance to the Democratic party, of whose principles and policies he was a most effective exponent. He was prominently identified with the work of his party and represented the same as a delegate to its state and county conventions, as well as in national convention. In a fraternal way he was identified with the time-honored Masonic Order, in which he was affiliated with Ravenna Lodge, No. 12, Free and Accepted Masons. He was identified with the Protestant Episcopal church, as was also his father, and he was ever liberal and zealous in his support of the various departments of parochial and diocesan work. This honored citizen bore the full patronymic of his father and transmitted the same in turn to his son, who figures as the immediate subject of this review. Thus Judge Rockwell is a grandson of David L. Rockwell (1), who was a native of the state of Connecticut and a member of a family whose founding in New England dates back to the early colonial period of our national history. The grandfather came to the Western Reserve 874 - HISTORY OF THE WESTERN RESERVE when a boy, and his father, Harvey Rockwell, became one of the pioneers of Ashtabula county, where he took up his abode about the year 1820. David L. R0ckwell ( ) came to Portage county, Ohio, between the years 1835 and 1838 and first settled in Brimfield township, where he initiated the reclamation of a farm, but in 1840 he removed to Franklin Mills, now the village of Kent, where he engaged in the general merchandise trade and became one of the first business men of the village, even as was he an honored and influential citizen of Portage county. He represented this county in the state legislature for two terms and was otherwise prominent in connection with public affairs of a local order. His political support was given to the Whig party until the organization of the Republican party, when he identified himself with the latter, whose principles and policies thereafter received his zealous advocacy. Mrs. Mary E. (Metlin) Rockwell, the mother of Judge Rockwell, was born in Akron, Ohio, January 15, 1843, and is a daughter of Samuel J. and Eliza ( Jennison) Metlin, who likewise became honored pioneers of the Western Reserve, Mr. Metlin came to Ohio from Westmoreland county, Pennsylvania, and took up his residence in Akron about the year 1815, at which time that now populous and thriving city was a mere hamlet in a section of country which was but in small part reclaimed from the primeval forest. Summit county, of which Akron is now the county-seat, was then a part of Portage county. Mrs. Rockwell survives her honored husband and resides in Ravenna, where she is held in affectionate regard by all who know her Of the three children Judge Rockwell, of this sketch, is the youngest ; Mary R. is the wife of Henry D. Hinman, of Ravenna ; and Dorena is the wife of Lardner V. Morris, of Garden City, Long Island, New York. Judge Rockwell was about eighteen months old at the time his parents removed from the village of Kent to Ravenna, and in the latter city he was reared to manhood. After duly availing himself of the advantages of the public schools he continued his studies in the Western Reserve Academy, at Hudson, and later entered historic old Kenyon College, at Gambier, Ohi0. After leaving college he teturned to the village of Kent, and with the business interests of this place he has since been prominently identified, having been associated with his father in various enterprises until the latter's death. He is vice-president of the City Banking Company of Kent, of which his father was the founder, as has been noted in a preceding paragraph ; he is a director of the Seneca Chair Company, of Kent, of which he was one of the organizers and incorporators ; and he is also a member of the directorate of both the Kent Industrial Company and the Independent Tack Company, likewise important industrial concerns of Kent and of the Western Reserve. Judge Rockwell is a most loyal and enthusiastic advocate of the principles and policies of the Democratic party and he has been an influential factor in its affairs in his native state for a number of years, though he is still a young man. In 1900 he was a delegate to the Democratic national convention, held in Kansas City, and he was made secretary of the Ohio delegation to this convention and also the Ohio member of the notification committee appointed to formally impart to the vice-presidential candidate of the party the news of his nomination. From 1898 to the present time he has represented Portage county in every Democratic state convention in Ohio. and for two terms, 1902-03, he was a valued member of the state executive committee of his party. From 1904 to 1908 he represented the nineteenth congressional district of Ohio as a member of the state central committee and was vice-chairman of the same. In 1908 he was the candidate of his party for lieutenant governor, but met defeat with the remainder of the party ticket in the state, though he made an excellent showing at the polls. On April 4, 1900, judge Rockwell was elected mayor of the village of Kent, and so satisfactory was his administration that he was elected as his own successor .in April, 1902. In the following November he was elected to the office of judge .of the probate court of Portage county, whereupon he resigned the mayoralty and took up his residence in Ravenna, the capital of the county. In November, 1905, he was re-elected probate judge, and he has since remained incumbent of this office, whose affairs he has handled with marked ability and discrimination. He was reared in the faith of the Protestant Episcopal church, in which he. is a communicant, holding membership in the parish of Grace church, in Ravenna. He is affiliated with the Independent Order of Odd Fellows, the Knights of Pythias, the Benevolent and Protective Order of Elks, the Knights of the HISTORY OF THE WESTERN RESERVE - 875 Maccabees, and the Kenyon College chapter of the Alpha Delta Phi fraternity. In the year 1900 was solemnized the marriage of Judge Rockwell to Miss Catherine Arighi, daughter of Peter Arighi, of Kent, Ohio, and they have one daughter, Mary Catherine, who was born Nevember 16, 1908. Mrs. Rockwell is prominent in connection with the social activities of Ravenna. SANFORD M. DOWNING was born on the lake shore, one mile west of his present residence, December 26, 1845, and is a son of William and Eliza (Simmons) Downing. William Downing was born in New York, and there learned the trade of shoemaker. He married Eliza Simmons, January 1, 1829; she was born December 22, 1808, and was four years his junior. Soon after her marriage she chased a fawn nearly half a mile in the endeavor to catch it; it got caught in a brush, but just as she reached to take hold of its leg, it escaped. Her father, Peleg Simmons, at one time shot a deer on its horns, stunning it so that it fell, but just as he reached its side and prepared to cut its throat it jumped up and rushed towards him ; after a struggle, he managed to get a small tree between its horns and put his knife into its neck so as to bleed it. Peleg Simmons was a minute man in the Revolution, and also served in a man-of-war during the war. He was born June 3, 1761, and married May 22, 1788, his wife Amy, who was born April 21, 1765. Mr. Simmons was from Hartford, Connecticut, and when his daughter Eliza was a young girl he removed with his family to Ohio, so she saw and experienced the rigors of frontier life. They settled on the farm on the lake shore, now occupied by their grandson, Nathan T. Downing. Peleg Simmons died in 1854, in his ninety-third year, and his widow died one year later, at the age of eighty-seven. He had cleared land and had a fine fifty-acre farm. William Downing secured land adjoining that of his father-in-law, along the lake, and made a farm of 100 acres, which he kept adding to until he owned 400 acres, and his life was afterwards devoted to the improvement and work of this farm. He died March 1, 1878, aged seventy-four, and his widow died March 20, 1883, in her seventy-fifth year. They spent their last years in the old home of her father, Mr. Downing having purchased it of Horace Simmons, her eldest brother. Her parents both were dead, and she was the last of the Simmons family of seven children, who were : Amy, Reuben, Peleg, Horace, Belinda, John and Eliza. William and Eliza Downing's children were : Andrew, died when past forty ; William, of Belton, Cass county, Missouri ; Myron died in 1861, aged twenty-eight ; Eliza, married William Woods, of Fresno, California ; Maria, married James Campbell, and died when forty-three years of age ; George, of St. Louis, Missouri ; Sanford M. ; and Nathan P., on the old Simmons and Downing homestead. Sanford M. Downing served three years in the Civil war, enlisting August 8,. 1862, in Company C, Eighty-eighth Ohio Volunteer Infantry, though at the time not yet seventeen. He was detailed as a drummer, and became drum major of the regiment ; he saw active service, and the regiment band kept intact twenty-two pieces, his own instrument being the small drum. As a boy he had been taught to play by the old fifer, Corydon Hyde, and Jerry Campbell, a good snare drummer, and he began to play with them, so he was well qualified to fill the post of drummer boy. During battles they were organized into martial band of fifes and drums, in case of march or battle. This experience was enough to try the mettle of a young boy, and of considerable value in the formation of his character. His brother, George A. Downing, also served three years as private in the same regiment. Sanford M. Downing rented his father's farm until securing his present one, nearly thirty years ago. He has twenty-one and one-half acres in the home piece, and in all has i09 acres, in three pieces. He has forty-seven and one-half acres of what was his father's first home, and twenty-five acres of the Lost Nation road. For many years he carried on general farming ; his home place borders on the lake, as does the old homestead. Mr. Downing is a Republican in politics, and for years served in conventions. For three terms he was justice of the peace. For ten years continuously he served as township trustee, and has also held 0ther minor offices, until he refused to serve longer. He has a fine home, in good surroundings, and thoroughly enjoys it. He is a member and trustee in the. Plain Methodist Episcopal church. Mr. Downing married September 10, 1866, Sarah Eliza Kelley, who was born in New York and 876 - HISTORY OF THE WESTERN RESERVE came to Ohio when a young girl, being nineteen years old at the time of her marriage. They have three children, namely : Frank, in a confectionery store, in Cleveland ; Vernon in Redlands, California ; and Angie, living at home. HENRY L. SPELMAN.-A keen-sighted, wide-awake business man, Henry L. Spelman, of Kent, is widely known throughout this section of the Western Reserve in connection with many of the leading industries of this part of the state, being a wholesale dealer in ce, coal and produce. A native of Portage county, Ohio, he was born February 21, 1852, in Rootstown, coming from pioneer stock, his Grandfather Spelman having been among the original settlers of the Western Reserve, migrating to Ohio from Massachusetts. Marcus F. Spelman, father of Henry L., was born in Granville, Hampden county, Massachusetts, and at the age of eight years came with the family to Portage county. He married Mary Ann Reed, whose birth occurred in 1811, in Rootstown, Ohio, where her father, Abram Reed, was an early pioneer, having .settled there on coming to Portage county from Connecticut, his native state. The married life of Marcus and Mary A. Spelman covered a period of sixty-nine years, both living to the ripe old age of ninety-one .years. Of the six childrpn born of their union, three died in infancy, and three are now, in (909, living, namely : Comfort A.,. wife of N. R. Collins, of Rootstown ; Asa M., of 'Rootstown ; and Henry L., of this brief biographical sketch. At the age of fourteen years; having completed his studies in the district school, Henry L. Spelman began life for himself. measuring his own ability, and hewing his way straight to the line thus marked out. At the age of twenty years he embarked in the mercantile business at Rootstown. After five years he engaged in the produce business. About 1882 he moved his office and business to Canton, being thus engaged until 1900. In the meantime in 1890 he engaged in the wholesale and retail ice business in Canton, where he still carries on the business, supervising it from Kent. Thus it will be seen that he makes a specialty of ice, having large ice houses at Brady Lake, Congress Lake and Silver Lake, in addition to having a large wholesale ice trade in Kent, Mr. Spelman is financially connected with the City Ice De livery Company of Cleveland, and as a dealer in produce has a large warehouse in Ravenna, in this particular line of industry dealing largely in potatoes and onions. On September 9, 1874, Mr. Spelman married Julia A. Burt, who was born in Brimfield township, Portage county, Ohio, a daughter of Washington and Electra Burt, both natives of the Western Reserve. She is of excellent New England ancestry, her Grandfather Burt having been born in Connecticut, while her Grandfather Babcock, her mother's father, was a native of Massachusetts. Mr. and Mrs. Spelman are the parents of three children. namely : Comfort C., wife of Charles W. Mathivet, of Cleveland ; Marcus Burt, of Kent ; and Rollin H., who has charge of his father's business in Canton. Politically Mr. Spelman is identified with the Republican party, and is a stanch advocate of the temperance cause, during the local option fight having been a member of the county committee. EDWARD W. HORNING IS the president of the Portage Lumber Company, one of the leading industrial institutions of Ravenna as well as of Portage county. He was made the president of the company on July 1, 1905, at the time of its organization, Henry Horning, of Kent, being made the vice president and Henry Paulus the secretary and treasurer. Soon after the organization the company bought a saw and planing mill and other property, and are extensively engaged in the sale and manufacture of lumber. Mr. Horning also served as a member of the board of education and clerk of Randolph township. His politics are Democratic. Mr. Horning was born in Randolph township, Portage county, Ohio, May 15, 1867, a son of Andrew and Mary (Rothermel) Horning, who were born in Germany. George and Margaret Horning, his paternal grandparents, and Peter and Margaret Rothermel, his grandparents on the maternal side, all emigrated from the fatherland of Germany to America in 1838, and coming to Portage county, Ohio, they located their homes on heavily timbered land in Randolph township. Andrew and Mary Horning after their marriage also located in Randolph township, and they became owners of land both there and in Suffield township. The father died at his home in Randolph township in September, 1902, and his widow has since made her home with a daughter, Mrs. M. Konkle, in Ravenna. HISTORY OF THE WESTERN RESERVE - 877 Edward W. Horning, the fifth born of his parents nine children, five sons and four daughters, remained in the parental home until his marriage, although from the age of eighteen years he with two brothers conducted a saw mill in Randolph township. In 1906 their property was merged into the Portage Lumber Company, and as above stated Mr. Horning became the president of the company. He married on February 23, 1892, Fronia Shuman, who was also born in the township of Randolph, and she is a daughter of Philip and Margaret (Bauer) Shuman, and a granddaughter of John and Catherine (Shrader) Shuman and Philip and Mary (Knapp) Bauer, all of whom were born in Germany. The following children were born to Mr. and Mrs. Horning : Ruth G., on December 31, 1892 ; Clotilda R., August 30, 1894 ; Gertrude E., November 18, 1896 ; Mary C., August 11, 1898; Margaret, July 8, 1901 ; and Claud H., December 16, 1906. The family are members of the Catholic church at Ravenna, in which Mr. Horning has served as a councilman for two years, and during twelve years he held the, same office in the church in Randolph. He is a member and was for four years the recording secretary of the Catholic Mutual Benefit Association, Branch No. 100. CORWIN NEWTON PAYNE, well known as a promoter of the dairy, agricultural and business interests is Conneaut township, Ashtabula county, s a descendant of one of the oldest and most substantial families of Massachusetts. Through Moses Paine, a native of England, it was transplanted to America in 1630, and found its first abiding place at Braintree (now Quincy). This original emigrant became a citizen of large property and high position, owning large tracts of land in Cambridge and Concord, and near the Blue Hills of Massachusetts. He died in June, 1643, having been married twice—first to Elizabeth Pares and secondly to Judith Pares—and became the father of Moses, Elizabeth and Stephen, all born in England. Stephen was born in 1628: settled at Braintree with his father, and by his marriage to Hannah Bass in 1661 had the following children : Stephen, Samuel, Hannah, Sarah, Moses, John and Lydia. Stephen Paine, of the third generation, was born March 8, 1652 ; married Miss Ellen Veasey February 20, 1682, And died in 1690. Their children were Stephen, Ellen, Samuel, who died an infant, and the Samuel who continued this branch of the family genealogy. The last named was born April 14, 1689; married Susanna Ruggles November 5, 1778, and by her became the father of Susanna, Eleanor, Joseph (who died an infant) and Joseph Ruggles Paine, who reached manhood and reared a family to perpetuate the name. Born in Braintree June 30, 1735, he married Mehitable Giddings, in 1758. The family moved to Ashfield, Massachusetts, in 1767, and the husband died there February 18, 1831. Among the many creditable features of nis career was his service in the Revolutionary war. The children of Mr. and Mrs. Joseph R. Paine were Joseph, Abel, Ruggles, Asa, Benjamin and two daughters. By his marriage to Anna Billings, Joseph Paine had two children—Samuel and Joseph, the latter replacing the old spelling of the family name by Payne. Joseph Payne spent most of the year 1856 at Conneaut, but returned to his native town of Ashfield, Massachusetts, where he died about two years later. Joseph Payne, who was born in Ashfield, September 12, 1796, came to Conneaut township, in 1836, and died at Conneaut in 1843, his wife (Polly Mallory), born in Massachusetts in 1798, also spent her last years at that place. Their children were : Lexana, Newton B., Jane, Cyrenus M., Calista, Carlton J., Caroline and Julia, the second son (Newton B.) mentioned becoming the father of Corwin N. Payne. Newton B. Payne was born in Deerfield, Massachusetts, on September 12, 1821 ; came to Ohio in 1836 and married Sarah Ann Thompson October 7, 1842. He was a faithful member of the Free Will Baptist church, and such a farmer patriot as would be expected from his Massachusetts stock. At the time of the outbreak of the Civil war his health was greatly impaired, so that he was unable to join the Union ranks at the front. But his services at home were far greater than if he had simply shouldered a musket, 'and used it well ; for he became one of the most active recruiting officers of the county, and also paid a substitute to perform the part' of an actual soldier in the field. He died at Conneaut, on August 25, 1883. His wife (mother of Corwin N.) was the daughter of Zebadiah and Polly Thompson, and settled at Conneaut with her parents about 1830. By her marriage to Newton B. Payne she became the mother of Corwin N., Adelbert 0. and Corda S. (Mrs. Harrison A. Andrews). 878 - HISTORY OF THE WESTERN RESERVE Corwin N. Payne received his early education in Conneaut township, and at the age of seventeen entered Hillsdale College for a regular course of four years. On account of his father's ill health, however, he. was obliged to leave college before completing his senior year, and returned to the home farm, which he conducted for some time, in addition to operating a large dairy and- a cheese factory. In 1895 Mr. Payne rented the farm and moved to Collinwood, where for three years he was engaged as a contractor and a builder. Again returning to Conneaut, he sold the home place to W. A. Wheeler and has been continuously engaged in business as a painter, paper hanger and general building contractor. He has always had a strong aversion to all official or public life, and, outside of his agricultural and business affairs, has been content with the pleasures and comforts of the domestic circle, which often includes not only his children but his grandchildren. Both Mr. and Mrs. Payne are actively and prominently engaged in the work of the First Baptist Church of Conneaut, of which the former is one of the trustees. Mr. Payne has been twice married. His first wife was Lydia E. Allen, born May 18, 1845, daughter of D. C. and Rachael L. Allen. Mr. Allen was publisher of the Conneaut Reporter for nearly thirty years, postmaster of the place for six years, and a member of the Ohio legislature altogether one of the leading citizens of Ashtabula county. Mrs. Lydia E. Payne died September 1, 1882, and, as his second wife, Mr. Payne married her sister, Mary E., born at Conneaut December 28, 1857. The following are the descendants of Corwin N. Payne and Lydia (Allen) Payne : (a) Stella L. Payne, born July 8, 1869, who married W. A. Wheeler, November 29, 1893, and their children are : Corwin D. Wheeler, born December 7, 1895 ; Helen Wheeler, born February 7, 1897 ; Mable Wheeler, born August 19, 1900 ; Dora Wheeler, born May 4, 1906; and Dorothy Wheeler, born March 29, 1908. (b) Anna L. Payne, born March 14, 1871, married Fred Amidon, June 17, 1898, and their daughter, Elizabeth, was born February 8, 1904.  (c) Adelbert C. Payne, born January 16, 1874, married Florence Chapin, July 3, 1900, and they are the parents of two daughters-Lydia, born April 25, 1903, and Isabelle, who was born May 9, 1904, and died September 24, 1904. (d) Stephen Wayland Payne, born September 12, 1879, married Theressie Johnson, December 4, 1901, and their son, Corwin Newton Payne, was born March 12, 1903. All of the children and grandchildren of Mr. and Mrs. Corwin N. Payne now reside at Conneaut, Ohio. HENRY SCHULTZ, a prominent business man in Ravenna, is a member of one of the first families to seek a borne in Randolph township of Portage county. During the early and formative period of 1833 Adam Schultz, his father, made his way to this township and purchased a little -tract of eight acres in the dense woods, and so dense was the timber on his little farm that he had to cut away a space sufficiently large to erect the primitive log cabin. Both he and his father labored earnestly and faithfully in the upbuilding and improve.ment of the township, and they are numbered among its founders and benefactors. It was in this township also that Adam Schultz was united in marriage to Elizabeth Beissel, from his own native Baden, Germany, and here they lived and labored for many years and here they were finally laid to rest. There . were seven children in the family of this pioneer couple, namely : Peter, who died at Nashville, Tennessee, while serving his country in the Civil war ; Eva, the widow of Jacob Ginter and a resident of Akron, Ohio ; Adam, whose home is also in that city ; Elizabeth, the wife of Jacob Lanbert, of Randolph township ; Henry, who is mentioned below ; William, whose home is in Ravenna ; and Albert, a twin of William, who died in the year of 1906. Henry Schultz was born in Randolph township on May 4, 1855, and when he had attained the age of twenty-two years he went to Akron, Ohio, and for four and three-quarter years was engaged in the butchering business there. Selling his interests there to a brother he engaged in the tin, iron and slate roofing business in Suffield township, and in the fall of 1889 he moved this business to Ravenna. With the passing years he has enlarged his interests until now he is one of the city's leading business men and a large property owner, his holdings including a splendid residence and a fine business block. In 1898 he established business in Kent, but in 1905 he sold his interests there and has since given his entire attention to his extensive interests in Ravenna. During the sum- HISTORY OF THE WESTERN RESERVE - 879 mer months he gives employment on an average to fourteen workmen and during the winter months he furnishes employment to about six workmen. Mr. Schultz married in June, 1879, Ida A. Moatz, who was born in Suffield township, Portage county, Ohio, a daughter of Jacob and Elizabeth (Agney) Moth, from Germany. The children of this union are : Edith, of Cleveland, Ohio ; Anetta, who became the wife of Harry Walter and died at East Canton, Pennsylvania, in 1906, leaving a son, Joseph Walter ; Floyd, whose home is in Ravenna ; and Clinton, who is studying to become a chemist. Mr. Schultz is a worthy member of and since 1907 has served as a deacon in the Congregational church at Ravenna. He also has membership relations with both the Odd Fellows order and the Encampment at Ravenna. FRANK W. BARBER.—Among the native born citizens of Kent, Portage county, F. W. Barber occupies a position of note, being well known as an insurance agent, and popular in both business and social circles. The son of Charles H. Barber, he was born, December 7, 1882, in Kent, coming from thrifty and honored New England ancestry. Charles H. Barber was born and reared in East Windsor, Connecticut. Soon after the breaking out of the Civil war he enlisted in the Twenty-fifth Connecticut Volunteer Infantry, was made corporal of his company, and with his comrades went to the front in defense of his country. He participated in many engagements of importance, and in 1864, at the siege of Port Hudson, lost an arm. Soon after receiving his honorable discharge from the service, he came to Portage county, locating, in 1865, in Kent, where he subsequently resided until his death, in 1904. He was held in high respect as a man of ability and honor, and served most acceptably for four years as postmaster. He belonged to A. H. Day Post, G. A. R., and was active in the management of its affairs. Religiously he was a member of the Congregational church. He married Clementine Parsons, who was born in Brimfield township, Portage county, a daughter of Edward Parsons. A native of Northampton, Massachusetts, Mr. Parsons came to the Western Reserve about 1830, and after living a short time in Cleveland located permanently in Brimfield township, Portage county, where he bought land, and in addition to following his trade of a carpenter was engaged in general farming for many years. He was prominent in public affairs, and in 1835 was one of the founders of the Episcopal parish of Kent, and for thirty years served as senior warden of the church of that denomination. He was also, for a time, postmaster at Brimfield. He married Clementine Janes, and their family of three sons and three daughters, with the exception of the oldest child, were all born in the Western Reserve. Three of the children settled in Kent, and here reared their families, while two located in Akron, Ohio. Mr. and Mrs. Charles H. Barber became the parents of six children, one daughter and five sons, and of these two of the sons have passed to the life beyond. One son, William H., resides in Cleveland ; the son Edward lives in Merida, Yucatan ; the daughter, Clementine Barber, married Harry R. Hall, who was born in Portage county, Ohio, but now resides with his family. in Catasauqua, Pennsylvania. One son, Arthur O. Barber, entered the Naval Academy at Annapolis, Maryland, and was drowned while in bathing: The third son in succession of birth, Charles, died when four years of age. The fifth child of the parental household, and the only member of the family residing in Kent, F.- W. Barber was graduated from the Kent high school, after which he was book-keeper for one and one-half years in the Kent National Bank, and then served in the same capacity, for an equal length of time, with the Williams Brothers Milling Company. In 1905 Mr. Barber bought out the Smith Insurance Agency, and has since carried on a substantial business as an agent for fire, life, and accident insurance, and in addition to this handles coal to some extent. Mr. Barber married, in June, 1907, Blanche Walker, daughter of Osker J. and Martha A. Walker, of Kent. Politically Mr. Barber is a stanch supporter of the principles of the Republican party, and religiously he is a consistent member of the Episcopal church. HOMER J. MYERS.—The name of Homer J. Myers is prominently associated with monumental work in Ravenna, and he is now the president of the Ravenna Monumental Works. He was but a boy of nineteen when he became associated with his line of business, working first for a company at Akron, Ohio, with whom he remained for three years. Entering then the employ of the Goodrich Rubber Company 880 - HISTORY OF THE WESTERN RESERVE he was associated with that corporation until coming to Ravenna in May of 1904, and entering into a partnership with I. J. Baylor in monumental work. After two years Mr. Myers bought his partner's interest, and then with H. V. Kauffman the business was carried on until formed into a stock company in June, 1908, under the name of the Ravenna Monumental Works. The officers of the company are Homer J. Myers, president ; E. P. Fouse, the vice-president ; and H. C. Kauffman, the secretary and treasurer. Mr. Myers was born in Greene township, Summit county, Ohio, September 17, 1877. His father, John S. Myers, was born in Hamburg, Germany, and in 1857 he came with his parents to the United States. His father, Ernest Myers, a tanner, died at Akron, Ohio, where the family had first located on coming to this country. about the year of 1893. His son John was reared in that city, and there he. learned and followed the tanner's trade for some years. But being obliged to give up that occupation. he turned Ills attention farming, and was thus engaged until moving to Myersville, this state, his present home, in 1895. He has been a second time married, for his first wife, the mother of Homer J. Myers, died on April 15, 1907. She bore the maiden name of Lucinda Kreighbaum, and was born in Greene township, Summit county, Ohio, a daughter of Jacob Kreighbaum. For his second wife Mr. Myers married Levina. Hall. Homer J. Myers, the seventh born of his parents eight children, three sons and five daughters, was but thirteen years of age when he started out in life for himself, having in the meantime attended the public and high schools, and he has since supplemented this training by a course at the correspondence school at Scranton, Pennsylvania. The first five years of his business life were spent at farm labor, and his time since then has been principally devoted to his present line of work. On March 22, 1889, he was united in marriage to Ounoy May Fouse, of Akron, Ohio, a daughter of E. P. and Mary (Rose) Fouse, who were. from Summit county, this state. She is a granddaughter on the paternal side of Frederick and Elizabeth (Gardy) Fouse, and on the maternal of John and Sarah (Garble) Rose, both families coming from Pennsylvania. Four children have been born to Mr. and Mrs. Myers : Thelma L., who was born on February 8, 1902 ; Beulah May, on August 13, 1903 ; Leland Kenneth, on February 13, 1906; and Fern Elizabeth, born May 3, 19o9. The family are members of the Congregational church at Ravenna, of which Mr. Myers is the assistant superintendent of the Sunday-school. He is also a member of the fraternal Order of Odd Fellows at Ravenna, Lodge No. 65. HERBERT C. ECKERT.—When the voters of the thriving little city of Kent, Portage county, elected Herbert C. Eckert to the office of mayor and at the expiration of his term chose him as his own successor, they certified fully the estimate placed upon this popular citizen in the community and in his native county, where he is a scion in the third generation of one of the honored pioneer families of the Western Reserve: He is engaged in the livery business in Kent and is known as a progressive and public-spirited citizen,—one in whose hands were safely entrusted the duties of chief executive of the municipal government. Herbert C. Eckert was born in Ravenna township, Portage county, Ohio, on March 2, 1862, and is a son of Abram and Olive (Reedl Eckert, of whose children he was 'the third in order of birth and the eldest son. His parents are now deceased and are survived by one son and two daughters. Abram Eckert was born in Pennsylvania, of stanch German lineage, and when he was a child his parents came to the Western Reserve and numbered themselves among the pioneer settlers of Ravenna township, Portage county, where his father reclaimed a farm from what was essentially a wilderness. He in time became one of the representative farmers of the same township, where he lived a life of productive energy and inflexible integrity and where he ever held a secure place in the confidence and esteem of all who knew him. He was essentially loyal to the duties of citizenship and took an intelligent interest in the issues and questions of the day. In politics he gave his support to the Democratic party and both he and his wife held membership in the Disciple church. Mrs. Eckert was born in Portage county and was a daughter of James and Fersy (Scranton) Reed, who were early settlers of this county, where they continued to reside until their death. It will thus be seen that the subject of this review is of pioneer stock in both the paternal and maternal lines. Being reared to manhcod onirthe old home- HISTORY OF THE WESTERN RESERVE - 881. stead farm, Herbert C. Eckert was afforded the advantages of the public schools of the locality and period. He continued to be associated in the work and management of the old homestead until he had attained to the age of twenty years, when, in 1882, he took up his residence in the village of Kent, where he made his first independent venture by engaging in the draying business, in which his original equipment consisted of one horse and a light dray. He was successful in his efforts and continued in this line of enterprise about four years, after which he was here engaged in the milk business for one year. In 1886 he engaged in the livery business, in which he has since continued with uninterrupted success. He now has large and well equipped stables and controls a large and representative business, based upon correct methods and efficient service. He is also a stockholder in the Kent Machine Company and is the owner of the old homestead farm on which he was born and reared. The same is well improved and comprises one hundred and six acres, the major portion of which is under effective cultivation. He gives a general supervision to the work on the farm and finds satisfaction in retaining the old place in his possession, as with it are linked many of the most pleasing and gracious associations of his life. Mr. Eckert has taken an active interest in public affairs from the time of attaining his legal majority and has done effective service in behalf of the cause of the Democratic party fil his home county. He was elected a member of the city council of Kent in 1903 and served two years. In 1905 he was elected mayor, for the regular term of two years, and in 1907 was re-elected, his second term expiring in December, .1909. He gave a most business like and progressive administration and his course was such as to gain to him unqualified approval in his home city, to whose progress he has contributed by every means at his command. In 1904 he was the nominee of his party for the office of sheriff of Portage county and though unable to overcome the large and normal Republican majority he received the largest vote ever accorded to any Democratic candidate for this office in the county. In a fraternal way he is identified with the Kent Lodge of Knights of Pythias. He is a man of genial personality and has a host of friends in the county which has represented his home from the time of his birth. In 1883 Mr. Eckert was united in marriage to Miss Eliza Ayliffe, daughter of Charles and. Amelia Ayliffe, of Ravenna, and the three children of this union. are Olive Amelia, Harry Clifton, and Ruth A., all of whom remain at the parental home. DAVID DOUGLASS GIST, M. D.—For more-than a quarter of a century one of the leading physicians and surgeons of Jefferson, Ashtabula county, David Douglass Gist, M. D., gave much time and thought to the study of disease and the processes of alleviating suffering. Gaining wisdom and skill through his large experience, he met with eminent success in his profession, becoming especially known for his successful treatment of cancers, removing as many as 150 of those malignant growths. He was born November 10, 1810, in Loudoun county, Virginia, a son of Thomas and Eliza beth Gist, who settled in Guernsey county,. Ohio, in 1822. Deciding in 1836 to enter a professional career, David D. Gist began reading medicine, and at the same time taught school for two years. Forming a partnership, in 1838, with Dr. Jonathan Williams, of Harpersfield, Ashtabula county, he continued with him until the death of Dr. Williams, in 1846. In 1848 Dr. Gist, always a student, keeping up with the times in everything relating to his chosen work, began a systematic investigation of the cause and treatment of cancers, and in his subsequent practice performed some noteworthy cures. Locating in Jefferson in 1865, the doctor here-built up a large and remunerative practice, his recognized skill and ability winning him the confidence and esteem of the entire community. In 1870 he further prepared himself for his profession by completing the course of study at the Eclectic Medical College of Cincitmati. Dr. gist purchased the Jones family homestead on coming to Jefferson. It stands next to the Ben Wade homestead, and is one of the oldest homes in the place, at the time that it was built having been a mansion for the village, comparatively speaking. Here the doctor lived a happy, prosperous and contented life until his death, January 23, 1892. On January 1, 1833, Dr. Gist married for his first wife Susan Newell, a daughter of Samuel and Polly Newell, of Guernsey county, Ohio. She died June 7, 1836, leaving one child, Martha Jane, deceased, who married the-late Frederick Pangburn, of Harpersfield,. Ohio. Dr. Gist married second, August 27, 1845, Sarah A. Pangburn, a sister of the late- 882 - HISTORY OF THE WESTERN RESERVE Frederick Pangburn. She was born in Painesville, Lake county, Ohio, January io, 1826, and as a child lived a short time in Geneva, but at the age of eight years removing with her parents to a farm in Harpersfield, Ashtabula county. Her father, George Pangburn, married Eliza Webb, and both spent their last years on the Harpersfield farm, his death occurring at the age of seventy-one years, and hers at the age of eighty-six years. They were the parents of eight children, four sons and four daughters, of whom Mrs. Gist is the eldest child. Frederick, a son, passed away at seventy-two years, while the youngest daughter, Martha, wife of Elbridge Prentice, died August 2, 1909. Three daughters and three sons survive, namely : Mrs. Gist ; Nancy E., widow of the late Dr. L. L. Bennett, living with Mrs. Gist ; Mary E., wife of Clinton Williams, of Harpersfield ; Henry S. Pangburn, living on the parental homestead, in Harpers-field ; Rufus, a bachelor, who served as a soldier throughout the Civil war, now makes his home with Mrs. Gist ; and Horace Pangburn, of Harpersfield." Three children were born to Dr. and Mrs. Gist, namely : Laura, who died in infancy ; Mary Eliza, wife of E. J. Pinney, a well-known attorney of Cleveland ; and Tunie A., who has remained with her mother. LIONEL L. BENNETT, M. D., late of Harpersfield, Ashtabula county, was for many years successfully engaged in the practice of medicine, as a physician and surgeon having an extensive and remunerative patronage. The eldest son of Lionel and Sarah Bennett, he was born September 10, 1816, in Homer, Cortland county, New York. But four years of age when his parents removed to Madison, Lake county, Ohio, he grew to manhood among pioneer scenes, ,and being studiously inclined improved every opportunity afforded for adding to his store of knowledge, and when ready to decide upon his future career chose that of a physician. Locating permanently in Harpersfield in 1849, Dr. Bennett was here actively and successfully engaged in the practice of his chosen profession until his death, of paralysis, September 17, 1899. --The doctor was a man of unblemished character, genial, affable and courteous, and was held in high esteem and respect throughout the comthunity in which so many of his active years were passed. Dr. Bennett took great interest in local affairs, and served his fellow-townsmen as township treasurer, and for a number of terms was justice of the peace. Uniting with the Methodist Episcopal church in 1869, he was subsequently one of its- most faithful and valued members, and a devoted worker in the organization, the last Sunday of his life attending divine worship, and teaching a class in the Sunday school. Dr. Bennett was twice married. He married first, in 1837, Sophrona Fowler; who died in 1872, leaving three children, namely : Dr. A. L. Bennett, of Greensburg, Kansas ; Mrs. A. A. Belding, of Harpersfield ; and Mrs. J. H. SeCheverell, of Jefferson. One son died in early manhood. The doctor married second, in 1875, Nancy E. Pangburn, who survives him, and is now living with her sister, Mrs. Gist, in Jefferson. Fraternally Dr. Bennett was a charter member of Grand River Lodge, F. and A. M., which was organized in Harpersfield in 1837, and when it was disbanded he was transferred to Geneva Lodge, No. 334, F. and A. M., with which he was connected until his death. At the doctor's funeral, which was held in the Methodist Episcopal church, his brother Masons took charge of the final exercises, with their solemn and impressive burial service laying his body to rest in the rural cemetery. JAMES CHARLES YEEND.— During the many years of his residence in Portage county James C. Yeend has become well known to its residents, and his long connection with its milling interests has made his name a familiar one in its business circles. He was born at Claridon in Geauga county, Ohio, August 19, 1856, a son of John R. and Mary (Swan) Yeend, who were born in the mother country of England. John R. Yeend was a coal dealer in his native land until coming to the United States, and locating at Burton in Geauga county, Ohio, he lived there for a short period and then bought a farm near Claridon. There he maintained his home for many years, but finally in 1889 he sold his farm there and from that time until their deaths he and his wife lived with their son James C. in Ravenna. James C. Yeend was sixteen years of age when he left the parental home to begin the battle of life for himself, and during the first six months he worked at farm labor for others. At the close of that period he entered upon his long and successful connection with HISTORY OF THE WESTERN RESERVE - 683 saw mill interests. But in 1872 he left the saw and planing mill in which he had been employed to return home and resume his studies, and on again leaving school he went to Shalersville township and worked on the farm of his brother-in-law, S. B. Smith, for six months. In association with J. N. Work and S. B. Smith he then purchased a saw mill. in that township, but after two years the partnership was dissolved, Mr. Yeend and Mr. Work purchasing the business, and they continued together for eight more years. Then in 1882 Mr. Yecud moved to Charlestown township, one year later to Ravenna township, and in 1885 he came to this city and engaged in the sale of lumber, sash, doors, etc., but after a short time his interests drifted into the hardwood business and on March 22, 1905, he bought Mr. Work's interest in the mill and has since been alone in the business. He is extensively engaged in buying standing hardwood timber, and this he saws at his mills in Ravenna and at other points, furnishing employment on an average to twenty men and employing about ten teams. His mill at Ravenna is equipped with a thirty horse-power engine, and at the present time he also has a portable saw mill at work in Atwater township. He has at different times purchased large timber tracts, which he has cleared and converted into cultivated farms and then sold. He is now the owner of two valuable farms, one of forty acres and the other of m0 acres. Mr. Yeend married on August 13, 1884, Clara Stewart, who was born in Franklin township, Portage county, a daughter of Thomas and Adeline (Hart) Stewart, who were born in Vermont. She died on March 9, 1900, leaving the following children : John S., who is a bookkeeper for his father, and Julia O., Marion, Robert N. and Clara, all at home. On October 15, 1904, Mr. Yeend was married to Elizabeth Widdecomb, of Kent, this state, and a native of England, a daughter of Richard and Elizabeth (Davey) Widdecomb, also from that country, the father born in Cornwall and the mother in Exeter. The one child of this union is Elizabeth, born August 3, 1906. Mr. Yeend is a Republican in his political affiliations, and he is a member of the Masonic fraternity, Unity Lodge No. 12, and of the Universalist church. BRITTON S. JOHNSON.—It is a matter of marked satisfaction to the editors and publishers of this historical work to be able to incorporate within its pages so many personal records concerning native sons of the Western Reserve who have here remained to direct their energies successfully along normal lines of professional and business activity and to attain to success and prestige in their chosen vocations. Such a representative is Mr. Johnson, who is engaged in the practice of law in the city of Kent and who is one of the able members of the bar of the county which has been his home from the time of his birth and with whose annals the family name has been identified since the pioneer days. Britton S. Johnson was born in Franklin township, Portage county, Ohio, on October 14, 1879, and is a son of Perry W. and Carrie M. (Luce) Johnson, who now reside in Kent. The father was likewise born in Portage county and is a son of Alonzo Johnson, who, so far as authentic data determine, was born at Shalersville,. this county, a son of Ebenezer Johnson, who came to the Western Reserve from the state of Vermont and became one of the early settlers of Portage county, where he reclaimed a farm from the wilderness and where he passed the residue of his life. Alonzo Johnson became one of the successful farmers and influential citizens of Franklin township, where he was the owner of a well improved farm at the time of his death. In that township also his son, Perry W., father of Britton S. of this review, was long identified with agricultural pursuits, in connection with which he was most successful, becoming the owner of a fine landed estate, which he still retains in his possession, though he is now living virtually retired. in the city of Kent. 'He has ever been known as a loyal and public-spirited citizen and is held in unqualified esteem in his native county. His wife was born in Franklin township, this county, and is a daughter of Elihue Luce, who was born and reared in the state of New York, whence he came to Portage county about 1836, locating at Franklin Mills, the original name of the present city of Kent. He became a successful farmer in Franklin township, where he continued to reside until his death. Perry W. and Carrie M. (Luce) Johnson became the parents of two sons and three daughters, all of whom are living and of whom the eldest is Britton S. The mother holds membership in the Universalist church and the father is a Democrat in his political allegiance. Britton S. Johnson gained his early educational discipline in the public schools of 884 - HISTORY OF THE WESTERN RESERVE . Kent, in whose high school he was graduated as a member of the class of 1897, after which he was matriculated in the Western Reserve Academy, at Hudson, where he was graduated as a member of the class of 1900. After leaving this institution Mr. Johnson began, reading law in the office of an able preceptor in Kent and in 1904-5 he was a student in the law department Of the Ohio State University, in the city of Columbus, in which he was graduated in the latter year. He was admitted to the bar of his native state in June, 1905, and since that time has been engaged in the practice of his profession in Kent, where he has made an excellent record and gained a representative clientage. He is a close and appreciative student and is especially well grounded in the science of jurisprudence, so that he is well fortified for the practical work in both departments of his profession. In politics Mr. Johnson is a stanch advocate of the principles and policies for which the Democratic party stands sponsor and he has rendered effective service in the party cause. He was elected justice of the peace when but twenty-two years of age and held this office for one term. He is affiliated with .Rockton Lodge No. 316, Free and Accepted Masons, in Kent, and also with the local lodge of the Knights of Pythias. He enjoys marked popularity in his native county and is one of the representative younger members of its splendid bar. On July 3, 1907; Mr. Johnson was united in marriage to Miss Hattie Garrison, daughter of Dr. Edward F. and Addie (Moody) Garrison, of Kent. Dr. Garrison died when Mrs. Johnson was a child and his widow has been for a number of years a successful and popular teacher in the public schools of Kent. Her daughter also taught in the Kent schools for three years. Mr. and Mrs. Johnson have -one daughter,—Martha Irene. FRANKLIN PIERCE CHAPMAN is the proprietor of the oldest established shoe store in Ravenna and perhaps in Portage county. He became a resident of this city in the year of 1881, and in the same year he bought a half interest in the shoe store of Rumbaugh & Sturdevant, and the business was then established under the name of RumbaUgh & Chapman, his partner being F. M. Rumbaugh. But in 1891 Mr. Chapman bought his part-ner's interest in the business, and has since 'been the sole proprietor of the store. The business has been carried on at the same place since 1886, and it is not only one of the oldest established houses of the city, but it is one of its largest shoe stores and leading business establishments as well. Mr. Chapman is also a director of the J. F. Byers Machine Company, a director in the Buckeye Chair Company and the vice president of the Cecil Coal and Coke Company of Grafton, West Virginia. He owns a business block and other real estate in Ravenna. He represents one of the oldest families of Portage county on the maternal side, for Abraham Reed and his wife established their home within its borders sometime in the year of 1790, and his name is enrolled among its founders and benefactors. The country at that time was a dense wilderness, unsettled and unimproved, and their son Horace was the first white child born in Rootstown township. He married Lois Baldwin, from Connecticut, and in their family was Melissa Reed, the mother of Franklin P. Chapman. She in her maidenhood gave her hand in marriage to Edward E. Chapman. They were both born in Rootstown township, and after their marriage the husband traveled through the country with a peddling wagon for about twelve years, and later moving to a small farm in Rootstown township he continued as an agriculturist there until coming to Ravenna on December 17, 1908, and they are now living with their son Franklin. The father was born in the year of 1823 and the mother in 1826, and theirs has been a happy union blessed by the birth of five children, namely : Rosalia R., the wife of A. M. Loveland, of Ravenna; Charles who died in Tennessee in 1877; W. B., whose home is in Mansfield, Ohio; Franklin P., whose name introduces this review : and Carrie, the wife of Charles Bogue, of Riverside, California. Franklin P. Chapman was born in Rootstown township August I, 1852, and remaining at home with his parents until fourteen years of age, he then went to Cleveland, Ohio, and served as a bell boy in the Weddle House. After four months there he returned home to resume his studies in school, walking four and a half miles to and from the school house. He continued his studies for one year and then entered upon a three years' apprenticeship at the shoemaker's trade, being thus employed from the age of sixteen to nineteen. and soon after its completion he embarked in the shoe business at Rootstown with a bor- HISTORY OF THE WESTERN RESERVE - 885 rowed capital of $25. He was successful in this first business endeavor, but after a few years he went from Rootstown to Freedom Station, where he rented a building and stocked it with a line of general merchandise, and he also became the postmaster of the town and conducted a hack line. In time he moved into a new building which he had purchased, but later that store burned and he built another building and also a residence. But in 1881 he sold his interests at Freedom Station and came to Ravenna, where he has since been prominently identified with its business life as a shoe merchant. Mr. Chapman married on June 19, 1872, Elizabeth J. Powers, who was born in Ma-honing county, Ohio, a daughter of Captain James and a Miss Windell Powers, who were from Eastern Pennsylvania, but they were married in Rootstown. One daughter has been born of this union, Maud I., who graduated with honors at the Boston Massachusetts School of Oratory, and for several years taught in the public schools of Ravenna. Mr. Chapman is a Mason of high standing, belonging to Unity Lodge No. 12 and Trinity Chapter No. 91, both of Ravenna, to Ravenna Council No. 376 and to the Knights Templars, No. 25, at Akron. He is also a member of the Royal Arcanum and of the Benevolent and Protective Order of Elks, Ravenna Lodge No. r076. His politics are Republican, and he is a member of the Methodist Episcopal church, he having served his church fifteen years as a treasurer and since 1881 he has been its steward. JOHN. DAVEY.—The name of John Davey is prominently known throughout the country as, "The Father of Tree Surgery." He was born on a farm and raised at agriculture. Winkley House, Stawley, near Wellington, Somerset, England, was the place of his nativity. At the age of twenty, he entered the Morgan Nursery at Torquay, Devonshire, where he spent six months, and he then secured a position with the Rev. Barnes, at St. Mary church. He was next a gardener for Mr. John Partridge, at Crewkerne, in Somersetshire, and later began the raising of roses for himself, in his native parish of Stawley. n April 14, 1873, he arrived in New Ydrk City, and coming on to Warren, Ohio, he . worked one year for Harmon Austin. He was then for five years with General Robert Ratliff, and during that time he bought out the Porter greenhouse and conducted it for four years while making his home with the General. In August of 1881, Mr. Davey-came to Kent, to take charge of the Standing Rock cemetery, as a landscape gardener. In 190i he published his first book, The Tree Doctor, illustrating it with 176 photographs. He next published his Primer on Trees and Birds, a book for children. Then came his New Era in Tree Growing, for the benefit of city growers, using eighty-six photograph's to illustrate the subject. Next came the revision of the old Tree Doctor, also enlarged, using—this time-213 photographs. His books are the best to be found on tree and plant culture. In company with his sons, he has established a scientific school in Kent, Ohio. the only school of its kind in the world, where botany, entomology and "Tree Surgery" are exclusively taught. Mr. Davey was born on June 6, 1846, and his parents were Samuel and Ann (Shopland) Davey ; the father born in Ashbeittle Parish and the mother in Stawley. His grandparents were William and Mary Davey, and William and Mary Shopland. Samuel Davey died in his native land about the year of 1888,- long surviving his wife, who passed away in 1864. Their children, five in number, were : Walter, a superintendent at St. Stephens, St. Albans, near London, England ; Elizabeth, whose home is in London, England ; John, who is mentioned above ; Anna M., who became the wife of Henry Davey, and died in England in 1889 ; and William J., of the state of Washington. John Davey, when but thirteen years of age. was employed as a shepherd, and after he had attained his twentieth year he attended private school and he is now an excellent scholar in both Latin and Greek. He married on September 21, 1879, Bertha Alta Reeves, who was born on the old Reeves homestead north of Warren, Trumbull county, Ohio, May io, 1859. She was a daughter of John Harmon and Isabell (Swager) Reeves, natives respectively of Warren township, in Trumbull county, Ohio, and of Youngstown, Ohio. Her paternal grandparents, were John and Hannah (Dailey) Reeves. John Reeves was from Brighton, New Jersey, born March II, 1796, and his wife, born January 9, 1796, was from Pennsylvania. John Harmon Reeves (Mrs. Davey's father) was one of the best known men of his community, a minister in the Disciple church, and he was loved and revered by all who knew him. The following 886 - HISTORY OF THE WESTERN RESERVE . children have been born to Mr. and Mrs.' Davey : Belle R., who became the wife of Harmon L. Carson, of Kent, and they have two children, Ruth C., born July II, 1903, and Glenn H., born September 2, 1906; Wellington E., a resident of Ken,t, marl ied Miss Agnes Atkins, and they have one child, Keith, born March 9, 1907 ; Martin L., whose home is also in Kent, married Miss Bernice Chrisman ; James A. is also a resident of Kent ; Ira R., born November 6, 1892, died May 15, 1902 ; Paul Harmon is at home with his parents ; and Rosella M., born August 13, 1899, died February 17, 1900. Mr. Davey and family are members of the Disciples church, and in politics he is a Republican. His steriopticon lecture, "The Salvation of Our Trees," (at the present writing) is stirring the country.. This lecture is illustrated with 150 photographs. It has been given twice at the Chautauqua Assembly, New York, and before the boards of trade and chambers of commerce of the principle cities of America. GEORGE T. DAY, of Orwell, was born September 18, 1858, in Orwell township, and is a son of Thomas and Jane (Longman) Day, both from Somersetshire, England, where they were married. They settled in Orwell soon after coming to the United States, about 1840, on a farm, where their son George T. was born. They lived on a farm of three hundred acres one-half mile south of Orwell, where both died, she at the age of eighty and he seventy-five. He was a manufacturer of cheese, and also bought and sold cheese, poultry, etc. He served several years as trustee of the town, and was an earnest member of the Methodist Episcopal church, of Orwell, where he served as trustee. George Day is the youngest of eight children of whom four others are living, namely : Mary, widow of E. J. Cook, of Warner ; Amy, widow of W. F. Bidell, of Geneva ; John, went to England as a lad of sixteen or eighteen, and lived with an uncle John ; Jennie, married George Pierce, of Cleveland ; Libbie, died when a young lady ; James, who spent his life at Orwell and died at the age of fifty-five ; Sarah, married Burdette Eddy, lived in Youngstown, and died in middle life ; and George T. John Day married in England and is a prosperous farmer ; he is heir to his uncle's estate, being his namesake, and the oldest son living of the family. He has revisited the United States but once. George T. Day's parents came in their old age to the farm he now occupies, the father having completed the house but a short time before his death. George bought out the other heirs ; the farm contains one hundred and twenty-four acres, and is the first, farm south of Orwell Village. Mr. Day is chiefly interested in dairying, and has about fifteen or sixteen cows. He keeps pure blood shorthorn cattle, and is a breeder of coach horses. He has his horses well reared and trained, and sells at the highest prices. He is a Republican in politics, and has served as trustee. Bbth he and his wife belongs to the Methodist Episcopal church and he is a member of the Grange. Mr. Day is a man of ambition and enterprise, and has acquired success through his own efforts. He is a prominent member of the community. Mr. Day married, September 1, 1897, Laura, .daughter of George and Minerva (Ives) Cook, of New Lyme. George Cook was of Solon, Ohio, son of Ephraim and Eliza (Curtis) Cook, of Connecticut. He died in 1909, at the age of seventy-five years, and his wife still resides at New Lyme. Laura Cook was born in Berrien county, Michigan, January 22, 1865, and was four years of age when her parents removed to New Lyme, where she lived until her marriage. George T. Day and his wife have two daughters, Flora and Hazel. RICHARD P. MARVIN.-If success be predicated from definite accomplishments in the utilization of one's powers and talents, then the late Richard P. Marvin, of Akron, certainly achieved success. Looking into the clear perspective of his career there may be seen the strong lines of courage, persistence, determination and self-confidence,—qualities which work to sovereign power. He was one of the distinguished members. of the bar of the Western Reserve and as financier and practical man of affairs attained prominence. His life represented large and beneficent accomplishment and was ordered upon a lofty plane of integrity and honor, so that to him were never denied the unqualified confidence and esteem of his fellow men. Richard Pratt Marvin, who died at his beautiful home in Akron on June 23, 1906, was born at Jamestown, New York May 30, 1848, and there also were born his parents, Hon. Richard Platt Marvin and Isabel (Newlen) Marvin, who were representatives of old and honored families of that section of the state. HISTORY OF THE WESTERN RESERVE - 887 The father was a lawyer by vocation and was one of the influential men of his section. He was called upon to serve in various public offices, including that of member of the state legislature, and both he and his wife continued to reside in their native state until their death. Richard P. Marvin Jr., the subject of this memoir, gained his preliminary educational discipline in the common schools and then entered Rochester University, New York, in which institution he was graduated as a member of the class of 1870 and from which he received the degree of Bachelor of Arts. In his native city he then took up the study of law under effective preceptorship, and his naturally receptive and appreciative mind enabled him to make rapid and 'secure progress in the assimilation of the science of jurisprudence. In 1872 he was admitted to the bar at Jamestown and there was compassed his initial work in his profession. He was there engaged in successful practice until 1881, when he came to Ohio and took up his residence in Akron, where he became a stock-holder in the B. F. Goodrich Rubber Company, of which he was soon afterward elected vice-president, an office which he continued to occupy until his death. For a time he also served as secretary of this corporation, which is one of the largest of its kind in the United States. In 1874 he was elected mayor of the city of Akron. and so able and acceptable was his administration that he was again chosen in 1878. He thus served a second term of two years and at the expiration of the same he resuined the active practice of his profession, in which he gained distinctive prestige and success, being known as an able trial lawyer and as a counselor well fortified in knowledge of law and one of marked discrimination and wisdom in the matter of its varied applications. He was a man of broad intellectual attainments of gracious personality and of great business ability, so that he was naturally equipped for leadership in thought and action. To Akron he gave freely of his services and co-operation in the promotion of all enterprises and measures advanced for the general good of the community, and his public spirit and progressive ideas made him specially successful in his administration while mayor of the city. Through his well directed efforts he accumulated a fine estate, and upon his private, professional and business career there rests no shadow of wrong, or suspicion. In politics Mr. Marvin was a stalwart advo- Vol. II-12 cate of the principles of the Republican party, and he gave effective service in behalf of the party cause, though never ambitious for public office. He was identified with various fraternal and social organizations, in each of which his popularity was of the most prominent type, and was a consistent member of the Episcopal church, of which his widow also is a devoted member. Mr. Marvin was twice married. In 1892 he wedded Miss Jane Miller, daughter of the late Henry and Mary Miller, of Akron, and she was summoned to the life eternal in 1898, leaving no children. On October 16, 1900, was solemnized the marriage of Mr. Marvin to Mrs. Grace (Perkins) Lohmann, widow of Albert C. Lohmann who was a representative business man and honored citizen of Akron. Mrs. Marvin is a daughter of the late Grace Tod and Simon B. Perkins, of Akron, where she was born and reared, and is a member of one of the old and distinguished pioneer families of Summit county. She is a sister of Colonel George T. Perkins, one of the best known and most prominent citizens of Akron. Mrs. Marvin has two sons, by her first marriage, Albert Perkins Lohmann, who is connected with the engineering department of the B. F. Goodrich Rubber Company, and Carl Albert, who is a student in Yale University. The family residence is located on what is known as Perkins fa, which is a part of the old Perkins homestead and which was for many years traversed as an Indian trail,—a veritable landmark recalling the early pioneer epoch in this favored section of the Western Reserve. The home of Mrs. Marvin is one of great beauty, as the spacious grounds are ornamented with many fine old trees, including oak, maple, and other varieties, besides attractive and well disposed shrubbery. The site is one which commands a fine view of the surrounding country, and the beautiful old place is one that has been, long notable for its gracious hospitality, especially under the regime of the present cultured mistress, who holds a secure place in the best social life of the community in which she has lived from the time of her nativity and in which her circle of friends is limited only by that of her acquaintances. JOHN HENRY WILLIARD, who is owner of one of the model country places of Portage county, fsituated about one mile west of Ravenna, is one of the oldest and most honored residents of this part of the state and one in 888 - HISTORY OF THE WESTERN RESERVE most comfortable circumstances. A native of Ravenna township, he was born September 7, 1835, and is a son of Benjamin and Elizabeth (Eating,er) Williard, both natives of Maryland and descended from old German stock. The father was born March 12, 1805, and the mother September 22, 1809, both being children when they came with their parents from their native state to Portage county. The grandfather was a Pittsburg weaver and about 1770 came to the present site of Cleveland, Ohio, and there took up a generous claim, but on his return by way of Muddy Lake he found game so plentiful in that locality that he allowed his claim at Cleveland to go by default and instead fixed upon a tract of land at Muddy Lake in Rootstown township. In this locality he built a log cabin, cleared the land, placed it under cultivation and spent the remainder of his life in this work and in the care and rearing of his family. The Williards and Eatingers were neighbors near Ravenna and were thus thrown into constant intercourse, the result being the marriage of the parents of John H. After their marriage Mr. and Mrs. Benjamin Williard settled near the old family homestead, where the father became a prosperous farmer and influential citizen. The father died April 6, 1868, and his widow passed away January 12, 1878, their five children being as follows : Julia, now Mrs. Michael Carts and a resident of Ravenna, Ohio ; Andrew ; Phylena and Charles W., all deceased ; and John H., of this sketch. Mr. Williard resided with his parents until he was twenty-one years of age, having obtained a good common school education and becoming an active member of the German Lutheran church. Upon attaining his majority he removed to Marshall county, Illinois, where he was employed as a farm laborer for two years and then returned to his home on account of the illness of his father. One year later, without capital but with a firm determination to succeed, he purchased a small piece of land on time and gradually stocked his farm with live stock. The venture proved so profitable that he was not only enabled to make a good livelihood but to purchase other tracts of land and more live stock. By shrewd investments and sales of land he was also enabled to collect handsome proets, so that before many years he had attained a substantial position both as a property owner and a live stock man. Mr. Williard- has resided at his present place since 1882, and in 1885 he erected a fine brick residence one mile west of Ravenna. Of his outside positions and interest may be mentioned his presidency of the City bank of Kent, which he assumed in 1904 ; his interest as a stockholder in Williams and Brothers grist mill at that place, as well as his interest in the Seneca Chain Company of Kent, and in various lands near Los Angeles, California. In April, 1865, Mr. Williard wedded Miss Phebe Waldron, born in Franklin township, Erie county, Ohio, February 22, 1841, daughter of Cornelius and Elizabeth (Pratt) Waldron. Her father was a native of Cumberland county, Pennsylvania, and her mother of Elmira, Chemung county, New York. The Waldron family has been established in New Jersey for many generations, the great-grandparents, Cornelius and Sarah (Fontain) Waldron, and the grandparents, Lafford and Hannah (Webb) Waldron, being all natives of that state, the last named being born at Flemington. The maternal grandparents, Darius and Phebe (Baker) Pratt, were both natives of the Empire state. Mrs. Williard's father was born in 1807, and in 1828, with his brother John, located at Cleveland, Ohio, afterward returning. to Pennsylvania, but finally locating in Summit county. In Cleveland he was widely known as a canal contractor, his work covering the route from Cleveland to Pittsburg, embracing nine locks at Akron, Ohio, and a set of locks between Franklin and Ravenna. Mr. Waldron married in Franklin township, later purchAsed a farm in that township and died there in 1847, his wife passing away in 1884. The children born to Mr. and Mrs. John H. Williard are as follows : Effie E., an instructor in domestic science and arts ; Burton J., of Ravenna township ; Mildred B., now Mrs. Harry Goodman, of Los Angeles, California ; and Scott, whose death occurred at home on July 25, 1908. ZERAH PERKINS RIDER.—The ancestry of the Rider family is distinctly traced for only a few generations, Joseph and Hiram Rider (brothers), were passengers on the Mayflower (1620). Joseph married and had sons —Joseph and Hiram—and the same order of names have continued to the present with little exception—the transmission of the family name depending upon the Josephs, for the Hirarns never married. Joseph, grandfather of Zerah P. Rider, came from Tolland county, Connecticut, in 1802, afoot, carrying an ax on his shoulder and a knapsack on his back. Arriving on the banks of Grand river HISTORY OF THE WESTERN RESERVE - 889 about a mile from its mouth, he bargained for several hundred acres of land and built a log cabin on the right bank nearly opposite "Skinner's Landing." The following fall or winter he returned to his Connecticut home and in the spring (1803) brought his family, consisting of wife and three little girls as far as Erie, Pennsylvania, with a horse team. Here he exchanged his horses for a yoke of oxen. West of Erie there were no roads and like many others, he followed the beach of the lake to his new home. He found no difficulty in fording the many streams that flow into the lake until he reached Ashtabula creek which was too high to cross safely. While searching for a safe fording place, an open boat was seen coming up the lake and he engaged it to transfer his wagon and its load across. The boat was too small to take the cattle also, and grasping the near (left) ox by the bow, he swam the stream, resuming his travels and reaching his destination without further incident. The family dog, which had followed the fortunes of the journey, disappeared soon after the unloading of household effects. Some time afterward a letter from the former home announced the dog's return. He had made the return trip in four days, with little or no food or rest. About 1812 Mr. Rider built a double log house on what is now North State street in the city of Painesville, and opened it as a tavern. Some two years later he built another on what is now Mentor avenue about a mile west of the court house. In 1817 he erected a more commodious frame building and opened it as a tavern in the following year (1818). This was a story and a half structure, a little to the west of the log one which he occupied as a tavern until his death (February 22, 1840) . It was then continued as a tavern by his son, Zerah, but had been enlarged in (1832) by twenty feet and the whole raised to two full stories. Mr. Rider (Zerah), then a boy of twelve years, with two yoke of cattle hauled most if not all the heavy timber from the woods, some of it sixty feet in length, for the repairs and rebuilding. One hundred and fifty guests have found shelter for a night beneath its hospitable roof ; and Mr. Rider said he had counted a hundred teams, going or feeding, as he stood on the great pillared veranda of this, his birthplace, and also of his transition, March 15, 1902. was a quiet kindly soul,.a man highly reted by every one who knew him ; and was the original and successful inventor of the steam traction engine, or wagon (1871). In 1842 Mr. Rider received a commission from the governor as captain of volunteer militia, in command of the Painesville Rifles. Mr. Rider married Miss Louisa Perkins, of Chagrin Falls, to whom four children were born : Marion (1842), Hiram Joseph (1844), Zerah Perkins (1848) and Immogene (1851). Zerah Perkins Rider is well and widely known as a faithful contractor. He was a member of the city council for four years, serving with credit at all times. He occupies the old home wherein both he and his father were born. Zerah married Ella Cawley, of Cincinnati, and to them were born seven children : Jane L., 1879 ; Marion, 1881 ; Elizabeth Agnes, 1882 ; Lucy Margaret, 1884 ; Alice, 1886 ; Ella, 1894 ; and James Z., 1896. Mrs. Rider having recently died, her daughter, Jane L., has charge of domestic matters. Marion, Lucy M. and Elizabeth are expert accountants in court work, and have been honored at different times, by appointment as deputy recorders. Marion Kiley, now living in the old house, has three children, making four generations born in the old Rider tavern. ALLEN L. PARKER, of Orwell, was born on a farm west of the village, where his oldest brother, Zera, now resides, August 12, 1840. He is a son of Nehemiah Holt and Chloe Samantha (Cook) Parker, who are mentioned at length in connection with the sketch of Zera Cook Parker. Allen L. Parker lived at home until he was of age, and September 11, 1861, enlisted in Company A, Sixth Ohio Cavalry ; forty-three of the company were fron , Orwell, and captain, later major, Bingham was in command. Mr. Parker served for a year and a half as company clerk, and then as clerk for adjutant at the regimental headquarters. He looked after the details and records of the regiment, and filled this capacity until his discharge. He kept his rank in the company, and was present at all the battles fought by it. The regiment was part of the Army of the Potomac, and was in all of the heavy campaigning in Virginia, and at Gettysburg. Mr. Parker was captured at the battle of Culpeper Court House or Cedar Mountain ; he was detailed as ward master for the hospital, and at the retreat of the army he fell into the hands of the enemy. In the hospital were 200 cases of amputation. Mr. Parker was a prisoner sixty days and spent 890 - HISTORY OF THE WESTERN RESERVE three weeks in Libby prison, his squad being the last men paroled. He was in Libby prison at the time several federal prisoners dug their way out and escaped. After an absence of four months he was exchanged and returned to his regiment. Upon his return he continued his service as before, with rank of sergeant. Mr. Parker at one time received a slight musket wound in his right wrist, and his horse was shot from under him. At the same time a new recruit fell dead across his own right leg. The cavalry were fighting one hundred to one. Mr. Parker saw much fierce fighting, and was under fire fifteen days consecutively. After serving three years, he was discharged, October 5, 1864. As clerk of the regiment, he made out discharges for the first eight men behind the breastworks, with guns firing constantly ; at this time there was not a commissioned officer in the company. He and seven others were the first to receive discharges. Upon his return to Orwell, Mr. Parker began manufacturing buggies, employing three to five men, and turning out about twenty-five buggies per year. Open buggies sold for $150 and top buggies at $225 to $250. Five years later he converted his business into a spoke factory, which he conducted two years. He then sold his interest and purchased a farm one mile and a quarter west of Orwell, and began buying cattle. Later he purchased a farm in Windsor township which he recently sold. He formerly owned b00 acres. He sold two farms, one in Huntsburg and Windsor, one being 160 acres, and he still owns the one in Trumbull county. For the past seven years Mr. Parker has made his home in Orwell Village, and has continued dealing in stock. The territory he has covered is in three counties ; he has handled from three to five carloads of stock each week, sending to the Pittsburg market. He was formerly associated with C. B. Snyder, of Bloomfield, an old dealer, operating all through the war, Mr. Snyder's wife being a cousin of Mr. Parker. In the 'beginning Mr. Parker bought for Mr. Snyder, who supplied the cash, and he was in this business thirty-five years, but for the last twenty-eight years he has operated alone. He has made a marked success of the enterprise, and has found it very profitable ; he was the lading buyer of the section. Mr. Parker was also a heavy owner of stock, and fed three or four carloads annually for the market. In political views Mr. Parker is a Republican, and has often served as delegate to conventions, being active in party work. He has served as township trustee. He is well known all through the region, and has won the confidence and regard of all with whom he has had dealings. January 17, 1865, Mr. Parker married Marian Jane, daughter of Frank and Martha Smith, who lived in Orwell Village, on the present site of the DeVoe general store. He had been a merchant in New York City, a salesman, dealing in groceries. Mr. and Mrs. Parker became parents of two children, Clara, who died at the age of nine years, 'of malignant scarlet fever, after an illness of forty-eight hours, and Bert. Bert lives on a farm in Windsor township, which he operates on shares for his father, and is an able, industrious ,farmer. He married Carrie Baker, and they have three children, Albert, Allen and Marian. PAUL E. WERNER.—The throbbing pulsations of the manufacturing industries of the city of Akron are now felt in all sections of the civilized world, so far are borne the products of her magnificent institutions. Contributing in due quota to this prestige is the Werner Company, book manufacturers, lithographers, printers and engravers, of which great concern Paul E. Werner of this sketch was the founder and of which he is president and general manager at the time of this writing. The finely equipped manufactory of this company is the largest of its kind in the Union and represents the tangible results of the well directed efforts of its present executive head, who came to Akron as a youth without financial reinforcement and who has here so guided his course as to build up one of the splendid industrial enterprises of the WeStern Reserve. Paul E. Werner is a native of the kingdom of Wurtemburg, Germany, born on May 5, 1850, and is a son of Edward, and Barbara (Moll) Werner, both of whom passed their entire lives in that section of the great empire of Germany. In his native land the subject of this sketch was reared to the age of seventeen years and there he was afforded the advantages of excellent schools. In 1867 he came to America and took up his residence in Akron, which was then a mere village. Here he was employed in various clerical positions until 1874, but in the meanwhile his ambition and self-reliance were urging him forward to still greater accomplishment. In HISTORY OF THE WESTERN RESERVE - 891 the year last mentioned he made his first independent venture of importance by effecting the purchase of the Akron Germania, a weekly newspaper published in the German language. He brought his energies to bear in the promotion of the interests of this paper and the upbuilding of its concomitant business functions, and such was his success that in 1878 he found himself justified in founding the Sunday Gazette and also the Akron Tribune, which issued daily and also a weekly edition. The active management of all of these well ordered papers he retained in his own hands until 1884, when the rapidly expanding scope of his other business interests rendered it expedient for him to dispose of his newspapers, all of which had been significantly prospered under his able management. Since that year he has given his attention to the supervision of the great business of the Werner Company, which was organized and incorporated in 1888, and which now bases its operations upon a capital stock of $1,500,000. The great book manufactory now owned and controlled by this corporation represents in a special degree the practical development of the ideas and policies of Mr. Werner, whose initiative and administrative powers have proved adequate to the meeting of every emergency and contingency in connection with the upbuilding of the great industrial enterprise. Intimate practical knowledge, keen prescience and indefatigable energy have characterized the entire career of Mr. Werner, and his course has been marked by inflexible integrity and honor, so that he has gained and held a secure place in the confidence and esteem of those with whom he has come in contact in the various relations of life. The following pertinent statements concerning the business of which Mr. Werner is the head are well worthy of reproduction in this volume, the data being based on the business of the concern as indicated in its records for the year 1908, which record has since been expanded by the substantial and rapid increase in the scope of the business controlled. "Among the many prospering business enterprises of Akron few are more widely known and still fewer are of equal importance to this section than that conducted by the Werner Company, the officers of which are men of capital, public spirit and unblemished integrity. They are as here noted : Paul E. Werner, president and general manager ; Richard M. Werner, vice-president and assistant treasurer ; Karl Kendig, treasurer and secretary ; J. A. Reade, assistant secretary ; and Edward P. Werner, general superintendent. The Werner Company has by far the largest and most complete book factory on the American continent. It comprises under one roof, so to speak, and under one management, all the graphic arts and trades. It furnishes, directly and in a collateral way, the material means of livelihood for from four to five thousand Akron inhabitants. The great majority of the employes of the Werner Company are skilled in trades and arts and receive high compensation. During the year 1908 the works of the Werner Company were in uninterrupted opera,, tion and a great part of the time were running thirteen hours daily. In 0rder to form an idea of the magnitude of this great industry one may well consider the following available and interesting data : During the year mentioned this company purchased and received raw material and. shipped finished products representing the full capacity of 1,200 railroad cars. The products included more than three millions of large books ; more than fifteen millions of large and finely illustrated catalogues, made for the largest manufacturing concerns of this country ; and millions of other printed, lithographed and engraved articles. If the books alone that were manufactured by the Werner Company in the year mentioned were laid on one pile, one on top of the other, this pile would reach ninety-six miles into the air. If these books were laid side by side they would constitute a line 500 miles long." While the principal output of this great plant is books, the Werner Company has gained an international reputation for the turning out of the highest grade of commercial work, typographic as well as lithographic, and its catalogue business is larger than that of any other printing establishment in the Union. The company also manufactures and sells what is known as "The Werner Encyclopedia," now issued in twenty-six volumes. It can well be understood how potent and beneficent an influence this great industrial concern has exerted in connection with conserving the commercial precedence and advancement of Akron, and no citizen of the place has manifested a more definite loyalty and broad-gauged public spirit than Paul E. Werner, who is a veritable captain of industry, and whose courage and ability have enabled him to achieve splendid results and to make himself known as one of the representative business men of the land of his 892 - HISTORY OF THE WESTERN RESERVE , adoption. He has various other interests in Akron and Summit county and has lent his cooperation and influence in the support of other business enterprises which have been of much benefit to his home city. He is president of the Kiages Coal & Ice Company, of the Akron Germania Company, and of the German-American Company. His public spirit and broad human sympathies have also led him to assist in the promotion, and maintenance of worthy educational, philanthropic and religious movements, and he has never hedged himself in with his business affairs, no matter how great their exactions. His political support is given to the Republican party. His wife was a member of the Episcopal church. He is identified with various social organizations of a representative character. On the 22d of February, 1873, was solemnized the marriage of Mr. Werner to Miss Lucy Anna Denaple, who was born and reared in Akron, Ohio, and who was a daughter of William and Barbara Denaple. Mrs. Werner died in April, 1900, and Mr. Werner is now a widower. Mr. Werner has three sons—Edward Paul, Frank Albert and Richard Marvin. All of the sons were afforded the advantages of Kenyon Military Academy, at Gambier, Ohio, all subsequently attended school in eastern institutions, and schools in Germany. Edward Paul, who is general superintendent of the Werner Company, was married in 1901, to Miss Harriet Poehlman, and they have three children. Frank Albert, the second son, is now maintaining his residence in Berlin, Germany, and has attained a high reputation as a portrait artist. He was married in January, 1909, to Miss Laura Rueckheim, of Chicago. Richard Marvin, who is vice-president and assistant treasurer of the Werner Company, married Miss Eda R. Hyndman, and they have two children. The family is one of unreserved popularity in connection with the social activities of the community and the attractive home of the honored subject of this sketch is a recognized center of gracious hospitality. H. G. GOLDEN, M. D.—A well known and popular resident of Willoughby, and one of the leading representatives of the medical fraternity of Lake county, is meeting with eminent success in his profession, having by his skill and knowledge won the confidence of the people. A native of Ohio, he was born in 1863, in East Springfield, coming from thrifty Scotch-Irish stock on both sides of the family. Dr. Golden was an ambitious scholar in his youthful days, and after leaving the public schools continued his studies at Westminster College, in New Wilmington, Pennsylvania, where he was graduated with the degree of A. B. in 1885. Three years later, in 1888, he was graduated from Union Seminary, in New York City. Subsequently ordained as a minister, Mr. Golden preached ten years in the Presbyterian church, and in 1896 and 1897 was chaplain of the Wyoming state senate, the following year, in 1898, during the Spanish war, serving as chaplain of the Second Regiment, Rough Riders. In 1904 Dr. Golden was graduated from the Western Reserve Medical College with the degree of M. D., and has since been successfully engaged in the practice of his profession in Willoughby. FRIEND METCALF.—The Metcalf family is of noted stock, whether the genealogist considers its English or its American record. Tracing the line no further than to Ezra Metcalf, great-grandfather of Friend, it is found that he married a direct descendant of Sir Francis Drake. This original emigrant settled in New , Hampshire and his son John, who was born in Keene, that state, became one of the pioneer mail carriers of western New York, delivering the first government bag ever received in Buffalo. His official duties soon took him into the Western Reserve, but when he first settled at Ashtabula, in 1813, he opened a small store on the east side. A heavy storm drove the ship containing his first load of goods from Buffalo into the waters of Silver creek, where it was at once pressed into the naval service of the United States. Shortly after settling in Ashtabula, however, John Metcalf secured another mail contract with the government for a western route to Cleveland, extending his service both in territory and efficiency, one of his lines finally extending to Detroit. As this phase of his career covers more than thirty years, it undoubtedly places him in the class of noteworthy western pioneers in the development of the government mail service. John Metcalf died in Ashtabula August 20, 1853, his wife, whom he married in 1815, being Clarissa Sweet, daughter of Peleg Sweet, Sr., who migrated to the Western Reserve from Winsted, Connecticut, in 1807. Mr. Sweet became one of the largest land owners in Ashtabula county, donating many acres of his estate for public purposes. He was a Revolu- HISTORY OF THE WESTERN RESERVE - 893 tionary soldier at Ticonderoga, serving throughout the war in a New York regiment. Mr. and Mrs. John Metcalf had six children, of whom Ezra Return, the second born, became the father of Friend Metcalf. Ezra Return Metcalf was born at East Ashtabula, Ohio, March 17, 1818, and during his earlier life was a sailor on the lakes. Later he settled in Ashtabula and became a large land owner, dividing some 400 acres among his four children. He died in East Village, January 20, 1900, having married Virginia Wilkinson Sweet, daughter of Peleg Sweet, Jr. His wife, who survived him until September 4, 1906, was the mother of four children who reached maturity, viz : Marion, Friend, Chauncey and Dennis D. Friend Metcalf was born on the old homestead at East Village, July 28, 1849; was reared and educated in that locality and is still living on a portion of the family estate, neighbor to his younger brother, Chauncey. He is a prosperous farmer and is highly honored for his useful and virtuous life. His wife was formerly Miss Luella Hayward, who has borne him Bessie, Ruth C., Paul S. and Wallace E. Metcalf. CHAUNCEY METCALF.—Coming on both sides of the house from noteworthy pioneer stock, being a descendant of John Metcalf and Peleg Sweet, Sr., very early settlers of Ashtabula, Chauncey Metcalf well merits especial mention in this brief history of the Western Reserve. A native-born citizen, his birth occurred August 25, 1851, on the homestead where he now resides, being a son of the late Ezra Return Metcalf, and grandson of John Metcalf. His great-grandfather, Ezra Metcalf, married a Miss Drake, a direct descendant of Sir Francis Drake, the noted English explorer, and emigrated from England to New York, locating in New Hampshire. John Metcalf, born in Keene, New Hampshire, in 1785, was there reared and educated. On attaining man's estate, he migrated to Canandaigua, New York, and was soon busily employed in carrying the mail from there to Niagara, and, as soon as a road was opened up, his route was extended to Buffalo, where he had the distinction of carrying the first mail bag delivered in that city. Pushing his way westward, still with a mail bag on his back, he blazed the path through the wilderness that afterwards became the beaten track for the hundreds of emigrants that sought homes in the western wilds. About 1813 he settled in Ashtabula, Ohio, opening a small mercantile establishment on the east side, in the meantime resigning his government commission as mail carrier. On first coming here, he loaded a small vessel in Buffalo with a stock of general merchandise, intending to send the cargo across the lake to Ashtabula. During a heavy storm the craft ran into Silver creek and was there pressed into the service of the United States. The goods were stored on the beach, but were too badly damaged to be of use. Shortly after coming here, John Metcalf, in company with Edwin Harmon, secured another contract for carrying mail, this time for the route west of Ashtabula, as far as Cleveland, Fort Meigs, Defiance, and other places of importance. He visited Washington as many as fourteen times to renew his contract with the goverriment, going always on horseback. After coming to Ohio, he carried the mail in a wagon drawn by a pair of stout horses, and in 1815 put on a small stage coach, with accommodations for two passengers, using this until 1818, when he was succeeded by a line of mail coaches operated by William Whitman, of Ashtabula, and Calvin Cole, of Painesville, a line which was subsequently extended to Detroit. After a continuous service of more than thirty years, John Metcalf surrendered his commission as mail carrier and spent his last years in Ashtabula, dying August 20, 1853. John Metcalf married, in 1815, Clarissa Sweet, who was born in 1797, a daughter of Peleg Sweet, Sr., who emigrated to the Western Reserve from Winsted, Connecticut, in 1807, settling in Ashtabula. In an early account of Jefferson, Ohio, it says that the first Court of Common Pleas met there June 20, 1811, and the next day granted to Benjamin Sweet a license to keep a "house of public entertainment" in Richfield township, also one in Austinburg, and a similar license to Peleg Sweet for Ashtabula. Two grandchildren of Peleg Sweet, Sr., are now living, namely : Haman C. Sweet, of Flint, Michigan, born April 22, 1827 ; and Rushbrook P. Sweet, of Cataract, Wisconsin, born October 1o, 1832. Peleg Sweet, Sr., became one of the most extensive landholders in Ashtabula county, owning eight hundred or more acres. He donated the park on the east side for training purposes, and gave to the town the original land for the cemetery. He was a soldier in the Revolutionary war, serving at Ticonderoga in 1775, under 894 - HISTORY OF THE WESTERN RESERVE Captain Sedgwick, and in a New York regiment in 1778, under Captain John Hill. To him and his wife, Clarissa, six children were born, all of whom grew to years of maturity, living to good old ages, as follows : Birdsey S., born August 20, 1816, succeeded to the ownership of the old homestead ; Ezra Return, father of Chauncey ; John Quincy, born in 1819, settled in Saybrook township; Clarissa, born October 28, 1822, widow of Robert Johnson, who served in the Civil war, and died May 12, 'g00, she being the only child now living ; Lorin D., born in 1824, resided in East Ashtabula, and his widow and one son, John, are now living in Cleveland ; and Mary Matilda, born in 1827, married Dennis Dean, and moved to Lake Superior, her death, at the age of sixty years, being the first among this family of children. Ezra Return Metcalf was born at East Ashtabula, Ohio, March 17, 1818, and during his earlier life sailed for a number of years on the lake. Subsequently settling permanently in Ashtabula, he bought land and began the improvement of a homestead. Laboring with persistency, and using excellent judgment, he accumulated money, and from time to time invested in more land, acquiring title to upwards of four hundred acres. About 1888 he divided his real estate among his children, and moved to the east, village, where he lived, retired from active business, until his death, January 20, 1900. He married Virginia Wilkinson Sweet, a daughter of Peleg Sweet, Jr., and granddaughter of Peleg, Sr., and Mary (Wilkinson) Sweet. She survived him, dying September 4, 1906. She bore him four children, who grew to maturity : Marion, Friend, Chauncey and Dennis D. Chauncey Metcalf has spent his entire life on the homestead where he was born, having never been away from it more than fourteen days at a time. He labored industriously as a boy and youth, assisting his father in improving a homestead, and in accumulating property, all working together most harmoniously, until his father divided his estate as he wished: Mr. Metcalf received as his share of the property 138 acres of the 0ld homestead, and has since bought fourteen acres. Here he is carrying on general farming with eminent success, making a specialty of dairying, keeping twenty-five cows. He also devotes much time to stock raising, having in his herd from thirty to thirty-five head of thoroughbred Holstein cattle. Mr. Metcalf married, November 16, 1881, Abbie Cornelia Foote, a daughter of Loren and Cornelia (Ballard) Foote, of Austinburg. Her father was an extensive property owner, having interests in estates in other places, Footeville, in Ashtabula county, having been named for his father. Mr. and Mrs. Metcalf have two children, namely : Elmer, with his father managing the home farm, married Lillian Large, and they have one child, William Chauncey ; and Florence Marian, who was graduated with honors from Oberlin College with the class of 1909. EDGAR A. SELLERS, of Orwell, was born in Bloomfield township, in Trumbull county, October 1, 1856, a son of Robert and Hannah (Isgrig) Sellers. Hannah Isgrig was reared at Newcastle, Pennsylvania, and came to ,Bloomfield when sixteen years of age ; she was married there. Robert Sellers was a native of Devonshire, England, brought to the United States when six years of age, by his father, who was a tailor at Bloomfield, where he reared his family. Robert Sellers in early life was a carpenter, but later followed farming ; about 1872 he settled on a farm one mile north of Orwell village. He died there November 22, 1883, at the age of fifty-five years. His wife survived him twenty-three years, passing away April 15, 1906. Besides Edgar A. they had a son George, born in 1858, who died at the age of thirty-six years. He was living on the old farm with his mother. This farm contained 167 acres of improved land, the old R. C. Newell farm. Edgar A. Sellers was reared on a farm, and in 1880 he went west, locating at Butte, Montana, where he spent three years as a carpenter. After his marriage he purchased another 160 acre farm close to the old homestead and carried on farming until 1898, when he removed to the village of Orwell. He had operated a sawmill on the farm in company with William Northway, and since removing to the village has operated a sawmill there, still retaining possession of his farm. The mill has realized six to seven thousand dollars per year, and employed five to seven men. He buys the timber standing and cuts it, and runs a planing mill in connection with the sawmill. He has directed his attention wholly to the work of the mill, which is well adapted for sawing to special dimensions. He has won success through his energy, industry and good business methods. Mr. Sellers is a Democrat, but in a Repub- . HISTORY OF THE WESTERN RESERVE - 895 lican township is often a delegate to convention, and has served seven years as township trustee. He is a stockholder in the Orwell Banking Company, of which he has served as director, and in 1909 he was elected president. His wife is a member of the Methodist Episcopal church. February 5, 1883, Mr. Sellers married Ann Chrispell, who was born May 6, 1853, and they have two children, Robert Raymond, a student of Jefferson Medical College, of Philadelphia, and Fred Wick, at home. The latter served nearly two years in the United States Marine Service, and spent about a year in the Philippines ; he married Flossie Brown. MRS. NANCY CLARK ATKINS, daughter of Robert and Jane (Wagoner) Clark, was born November 18, 1826, in Uniontown, Stark county, Ohio. Her parents were both natives of Pennsylvania, and came to Ohio .about 1815-6; when Nancy was two or three years of age they removed to Springfield, and two years later to Streetsboro, Portage county. He had a blacksmith shop, and died in old age in Streetsboro. After his death his widow lived in Dayton with a son, and died when eighty-five years of age. She is the only survivor of the seven children. Four besides Nancy remained in Portage county, Robert, James, Jane and Sarah—all lived in Streetsboro. Nancy Clark married, September 20, 1846, at the age of twenty years, Frederick Chrispell, a farmer of Orwell, and at once came to live in Orwell on a farm on Grand River, at New Hudson. He was born January 1, 1817, and lived with his father, Abram Chrispell. Abram Chrispell, born September 4, 1794, died March 24, 1868, was a soldier in the War of 1812, from New York ; his wife, Cynthia Northway, was born Mav 19, 1797, and died in 1883. She was a cousin of ex-Member of Congress Stephen Northway. Abram Chrispell came to Ohio about 1820 and settled first in Windsor township and later in Orwell. His parents remained on the farm, and his father died at the age of seventy years. Frederick Chrispell died January T0, 1862, having spent his entire life on that farm. They had four children, namely : Sarah Medora, died at the age of twenty ; Ann, married E. A. Sellers, mentioned elsewhere ; Alta Viola, unmarried ; and Charles Edward, living on a farm in Streetsboro. After living fifteen years a widow, Mrs. Chrispell married, January 16, 1878, Marshall P. Atkins. She had been left with four small children, the oldest but eleven years of age. She had no children by her second marriage. Her husband operated the farm two or three years and then they removed to Orwell village, where he carried on farming. He served two terms as recorder of deeds. Mr. Atkins died August 18, 1885, aged about sixty years. Mrs. Atkins is now residing with Edgar A. Sellers, of Orwell. Marshall P. Atkins had been married before to Clarissa Chrispell, sister of Frederick Chrispell, before mentioned, and she had been dead about one year before his second marriage. He never had any children by either marriage. Mrs. Atkins is well-known in the village, and has many friends. She is greatly interested in the early history of the state, and has had many interesting experiences, since her parents were amorig the earliest pioneers. They had to endure the rigors of frontier life, and wrest their living from unfavorable conditions. She thus had the training necessary to form strong character and earnest endeavor in any undertaking. She has seen the region change from a wilderness to well-improved farms, and villages and towns grow up where had been forests. JOHN B. WRIGHT.—The glory of our republic is in the perpetuation of individuality and in according the utmost scope for individual accomplishment. Fostered under the most auspicious surroundings that can compass one who has the will to dare and to do, our nation has produced men of the finest mental caliber. of virile strength and of vigorous purpose. The self-made man is distinctively a product of America, and the record of accomplishment in this individual sense is the record which every true and loyal citizen holds in highest honor. These statements are significantly apropos of the life history of John Baker Wright, who as a citizen and man of affairs left a deep impress upon the civic and business annals of the city of Akron, where the major portion of his life was passed, and where his death occurred on the 8th of March, 1902. Not by chance was his name associated with the word progress, for he rose from the lowest position in the First National Bank of Akron to that of president of this old and solid financial institution, to the furtherance of whose interests he contributed in large measure, through his able services in various 896 - HISTORY OF THE WESTERN RESERVE executive capacities. Further than this, he had other important business interests, and he also gave much of his aid and influence in support of every measure for civic betterment. In his death Akron lost one of its most honored and valued citizens, one who accomplished much and yet one whose life was signally modest and unassuming, marked by the most invincible integrity and by broad human tolerance and sympathy. A local paper said of him : "In the death of Mr. Wright this city lost one of its best and most influential business men. He was always courteous, and no man could be better liked. He was a kind, Christian gentleman and always ready to assist in a worthy cause." A publication of this nature exercises its highest function when it enters due tribute to such worthy and honored citizens, for such records bear both lesson and incentive. Though he died in the very prime of his strong and useful manhood, his labors and their results were such as would have been of high distinction to one whose years had been doubly prolonged. John Baker Wright was born in the city of Cleveland, Ohio, on the l0th of April, 1858, a son of Horton and Susan (Baker) Wright, both of whom died in Akron, to which city they had subsequently removed. In the public schools of Akron he received his early education ; he did not complete the high school course, but the deficiency was made good in the maturer years of practical experience, well ordered reading, and practical association with men and affairs. At the age of sixteen years Mr. Wright became messenger in the First National Bank, which thereafter continued to be his business home until his death. By close application, zeal, courtesy, fidelity, and radpidly developing business powers, he rose through one grade of promotion to another and won for himself the confidence and high esteem of all with whom he came in contact. He entered the bank during the presidency of the late Thomas W. Cornell ; that honored citizen and influential capitalist had implicit confidence in Mr. Wright, of whom he often said that he would trust him with all the money he had. For nearly thirty years, from 1874, the entire period of his business activities, Mr. Wright was identified with the affairs of the First National Bank. At the time of the death of Mr. Cornell, in 1892, William McFarlin was elected to succeed him in the presidency of the bank and Mr. Wright was advanced to the office of cashier. This office he filled until the death of Mr. McFarlin, in 1895, when he was chosen president of the stanch old institution. The growth of the bank, which had at the time of his death assets aggregating $1,500,000, was in large measure forwarded by his well ordered policies and. the hold which he ever maintained upon the confidence and esteem of the community. A week prior to his death, Mr. Wright became president of the Baker-McMillen Company, in which position he succeeded his uncle, John W. Baker, after whom he was named. He had previously been secretary and treasurer of this company. At the time of his death he was also president and secretary of the Akron Glass & Machinery Company, president of the Enterprise Manufacturing Company, president of the First National Bank of Wadsworth, secretary of the Barberton Belt Line Railway Company, treasurer of the National Sewer Pipe Company, and vice-president of the Diam0nd Brick Company, of Barberton. He was one of the heavy stockholders in the Dollar Savings Bank, of Akron, organized in 1901, and also had important business interests in the city of Cleveland, as well as in Toledo and Pittsburg. His ability as a financier made his advice valuable, and it was frequently sought by other representative business men. From an estimate of his life and services, published in an Akron newspaper, the following pertinent statements are taken, with but minor changes in phraseology : "He was one of the executors of the Cornell estate, with its intricate problems and vast sums of money to be handled in settling it. He was chosen by the late T. W. Cornell, who had watched the progress of the young man from the time of his first business employment. In the hands of Mr. Wright and the other executors the large estate was handled with such consummate skill as to bring the largest returns to the heirs. "Mr. Wright lived a pure Christian life, and he will be greatly missed in the West Congregational church, where he was one of the leading members. Generous to a fault, he was always ready to render to the unfortunate any assistance possible, and while few of his philanthropic acts were generally known, they were many. He was especially interested in the Akron city hospital from the time of its establishment, and had been its treasurer for years. In this capacity he worked hard for the institution, although he could ill spare the time from his business interests." HISTORY OF THE WESTERN RESERVE - 897 In politics, Mr. Wright was a Republican ; in a fraternal way he was identified with the Western Reserve Chapter of the Sons of the American Revolution, of which he had served as first vice-president, and he also held membership in Diamond Council of the National Union, and Cooper Lodge of the Pathfinders. On the 2d of January, 1889, Mr. Wright was married to Miss Harriet E. Sperry, of Tallmadge, Ohio, daughter of Lewis and Clarinda (Wright) Sperry, both deceased. Mrs. Wright survives her husband, as do also their four children : Margaret, Harriet, Charles, and Helen. MISS CAROLINE A. MARKHAM has been identified with the educational progress of the Lake county schools for upwards of four decades, for thirty-five years having been a successful and prosperous instructor in the Painesville schools, her ability and popularity as a teacher being highly spoken of by the pat:ons and friends of education. A native of Ashtabula county, she was born in Austinburg, on the farm which she now owns, being a ddughter of the late Abijah Markham. Her grandfather, Elijah Markham, and his father, natives of Massachusetts, emigrated from that state to New York, locating in Onondaga county. Taking up land in Preble township, not far from Syracuse, the place on which he settled was long known as Markham Hill, being named in his honor. Abijah Markhkam was born, in 1818, on Markham Hill, and grew to manhood on the home farm. Migrating to Ohio about 1837, he assumed possession of the tract of timbered land that his father had purchased, in 1835, in Austinburg, and there resumed the free and independent occupation to which he was reared. Moving into the log cabin that stood upon the place, he, with his father and brother, began the arduous task of reclaiming a 'farm from its pristine wildness, in his venture being eminently successful. He placed a large part of the land under culture, built a commodious frame house, and there resided until his death, in 1894. The neighborhood in which he lived was especially fortunate in the character of its people, embracing the Austin, Whiting and Cowles families, all prominent in the early history of the Western Reserve. Abijah Markham married, in 1846, Mary Anne King, and their only child, Caroline A., Is the subject of this brief biographical sketch. ALBERT J. WHITE.—The deep significance of the words of the Nazarene, "The poor ye have with ye always," is fully realized in every populous community today, and even to a greater extent than in the years of the remote past. Altruism can not blind its eyes to the fact nor exultant optimism ignore the problem presented through this source. There are those "afflicted in mind, body or estate," those upon whose souls the burden of an unintelligible existence rests heavily and sadly. To what extent this is the result of personal fault or negligence has no definite bearing upon the subject in its specific sense. The world, fortunately, is not callous to suffering, but is often neglectful of the same, either through ignorance of the conditions or failure to appreciate the misfortunes of "those who sit in darkness." Broad and deep, however, is the foundation upon which rests an enlightened humanitarianism, and in this great twentieth century, instinct with vitality and magnificent accomplishment, there is a constantly growing sentiment in favor of making the best possible provision for those who are wards of the body politic, upon which justly rests their care and sustenance. Each community must needs assume its share of responsibility, and in this connection Lake county, Ohio, has, in the provisions of its model infirmary, at least measurably solved the problem of caring for the indigent and unfortunate within its gates. It was formerly deemed sufficient if an unfortunate person of this type were taken, even against his will, to the infirmary of a county and there fed at as little expense as possible, the while .there was demanded of him every iota of productive labor of which he was capable. The financial idea was ever uppermost in the minds of the management, and those were considered the most creditable results that entailed the least expense to the county, with the maximum production from the resources of the infirmary farm. Perhaps no more severe term than carelessness may be ascribed to the treatment of the unfortunate wards, too often held at a status scarcely that of human beings. The people in general, in the cares and perplexities and interests of their own lives, failed to take cognizance of official rapacity, and the results were deplorable in the extreme. In Ohio the question of proper humanitarian treatment of the poor, as well as the criminal classes, has been a matter of much political significance in the various elections in 898 - HISTORY OF THE WESTERN RESERVE later years, and the people in general finally came to a fuller realization of the responsibilities involved. One of the tangible results of the broader and more enlightened view was that of enacting laws providing for the state and county boards of visitors, whose inspection of jails, penitentiaries, workhouses and infirmaries has worked a beneficent revolution in many details of management. The present infirmary in Lake county is one in which not only the county but also the entire state may well take pride. This infirmary dates its foundation back to the year 1852, when the farm was purchased by the county, at a cost of $4,000. In July of that year the original building, one of most modest order, was opened for inmates. In 1876 the present main building, of brick and stone construction, was erected, at a cost of $30,000. Since that time many improvements have been made, so that the building is modern in equipments, sanitary provisions, etc. The hospital building was erected at a later date, at a cost of about $5,000. The other buildings on the county farm are of substantial order and the entire institution is adequate to meet all demands placed upon it. Viewed simply as a farm, the place is one of the best improved and most effectively handled in the county. The infirmary is located one mile southeast of Painesville, on a beautiful site, overlooking the valley of the Grand river. The farm comprises 175 acres, and a specialty is made of the dairy department in which is maintained an average herd of thirty cows. For several years past the products have been sold to dealers, and are used by the public in the city of Painesville mainly. The average number of inmates in the infirmary is thirty, and there is a manifest tendency to decrease rather than increase the number. But little work is required of the inmates, the most of whom- are practically helpless in a physical way. On the farm four employes are retained, besides such help as is demanded in the routine work of the institution itself. The infirmary is now practically self-sustaining. To bringing the institution up to its present high standard a large Measure of credit is to be assigned to the present able and popular superintendent, Albert J. White, who has been incumbent of this office since the 1st of March, 1894. His long tenure of the position is the best voucher for the official and popular estimate placed on his services. Albert J. White was born in Middlefield township, Geauga county, Ohio, on the 5th of February, 1858, and is a scion of one of the sterling pioneer families of the Western Reserve. He is a son of Andrew and Lucinda (Robb) White, both of whom were born in Trumbull county, this state. Andrew White was born in the year 1824 and he died in July, i906 in Middlefield township, Geauga county, at the venerable age of eighty-two years. His parents came to the Western Reserve in the early years of the nineteenth century and settled in Trumbull county, where he was reared to manhood. He finally removed to Middlefield township, Geauga county, where he purchased a tract of heavily timbered land, which he reclaimed into orre of the valuable farms of that section. He continued to reside on the old homestead until his death, a man of sterling character and a citizen who ever commanded unqualified confidence and esteem. He was a Republican in politics. His wife preceded him to eternal rest by more than thirty years, as her death occurred in the year 1872. They became the parents of six children, of whom five are living. Juliette is the wife of William Emick, a farmer of Seneca county, Ohio ; Hattie is the wife of Niles N. Goff, of Amenia, North Dakota ; Frank died at the age of twenty-two years ; Albert J. is the immediate subject of this sketch ; Willis, a physician and surgeon, is engaged in the practice of his profession at Mayville, North Dakota ; and Ida is the wife of George Sailor, of Corning, Perry county, Ohio. Albert J. White was reared to the sturdy discipline of the old homestead farm which was the place of his birth, and his early educational discipline was secured in the public schools of the locality. He continued to be associated in the work and management of the farm until he had attained to the age of seventeen years, when he secured employment in a cheese factory in his native county, where he became an expert workman and continued to be identified with this line of enterprise for a period of ten years, at the expiration of which he removed to a farm near Chardon, that county, where he remained until 1892, when he purchased a farm in Perry township, Lake county, where he continued to be actively engaged in agricultural pursuits until he was selected by the board of directors .as incumbent of the office of superintendent of the county infirmary, in which position he has served since 1894, as has already been noted in this context. On the board of directors at the present time there is only one who was a HISTORY OF THE WESTERN RESERVE - 899 member at the time when he received his original appointment. This is Lewis L. Morris, a representative farmer and influential citizen of Perry township. He receives a stipulated salary for his official services, and his wife holds the position of matron of the institution. Both are known for their kindliness and sympathy, and they find satisfaction in making the best possible provision for the comfort of the unfortunates committed to their care. Mr. White is a stalwart in the local camp of the Republican party, to the promotion of whose interests he lends his aid and influence in every possible way. He is affiliated with the Independent Order of Odd Fellows and the Benevolent and Protective Order of Elks, in both of which he is identified with the lodges in Painesville. On the 13th of February, 1879, Mr. White was united in marriage to Miss Laura Canfield, who was born and reared in Lake county, and who is a daughter of Miron and Jane ( Duncan) Canfield. Further data concerning her family may be found in the memoir of her maternal grandfather, Samuel Duncan, on other pages of this work. Mr. and Mrs. White have two daughters—Katherine, who remains at the parental home, and Hazel, who was graduated in the Western Reserve University, in Cleveland, as a member of the Class of 1905, and who is now a successful teacher in Athens county, Ohio. SAMUEL DUNCAN, of this memoir, was one of the early pioneer settlers of the Western Reserve, and was a man who made his life count for good in all its relations. For many years he was numbered among the representative farmers and citizens of Mentor township, Lake county, where he reclaimed his farm from the wild state, and both he and his wife passed. the closing years of their lives in Ashtabula county, where he died at the age of sixty-eight years. His wife, whose maiden name was Betsy L.apham, was eighty-four years of age at the time of her death. Both were natives of the state of New York and members of families founded in New England in the colonial era of our national history. They came from Chemung county, New York, to Ohio, about 1820, making the trip from Buffalo on a sailing vessel and disembarking at what is now Fairport Harbor, Lake county. There Mr. Duncan remained four years, at the expiration of which he removed to Mentor township, ,‘ here he purchased a tract of heavily timbered land, from which, in due course of time, he developed a productive farm, in the meanwhile living up to the full tension of the pioneer days. His wife's father, Thomas Lapham, had located in Lake county at an even earlier date, removing here from Canada, though his family was originally established in Dutchess. county, New York. Late in life Samuel Duncan removed to Ashtabula county, where, as already stated, he passed the residue of his. life. He was a man of superior mentality and of impregnable integrity, and his name merits an enduring place on the roster of the honored pioneers of the historic old Western Reserve. His son Frank now owns and resides. upon their old homestead in Ashtabula county. Samuel and Betsy (Lapham) Duncan became the parents of thirteen children, of whom six are living at the time of this writing, in 1909. Jane, the eldest of the children, was. born in Fairport township, Lake county, Ohio, on the opposite side of Grand river from the well known Skinner homestead, and the date of her nativity was Christmas day, 1827. She was reared to maturity in Lake county, where she had the advantages of the pioneer schools, and at the age of eighteen years she was united in marriage to Louis M. Wilson, who was a tailor by trade and vocation and who had come from the east and settled in Painesville. He and his wife finally removed to Unionville; Madison township, Lake c0unty, where he died. His widow later became the wife of Miron Canfield, and she survives him also, having maintained her home in Unionville for nearly forty consecutive years, and being now one of the venerable pioneer women of that locality, where she is held in affectionate regard by all who know her. Of her nine children, seven were born of the first and two of the second marriage, and of the number four daughters are now living, namely : Mary, who is the wife of Frederick Holden, a passenger conductor on the Lake Shore & Michigan Southern Railroad, residing in Collinwood, Ohio; Laura, who is the wife of Albert J. White, of whom individual mention is made on other pages of this publication ; Anna, who is the wife of Charles Hancock, manager of the homestead farm of his mother-in-law, at Unionville ; and Victoria A., who is the wife of Edward Green, of Clear Lake, a favored summer resort in Iowa, where he has a large boat livery. In the community which has so long represented her home Mrs. Jane Canfield has been popular in social activities, hold.