604 - HISTORY OF MONTGOMERY COUNTY,
CHAPTER VI.
DAYTON INDUSTRIAL INTERESTS. INTRODUCTION - CAR WORKS -WOOD - WORKING ESTABLISHMENTS - AGRICULTURAL WORKS - CARRIAGES - MACHINE SHOPS. ETC. - MILLS - BREWERS - MARBLE AND STONE - TOBACCO - CRACKER MANUFACTORIES - MISCELLANEOUS. INDUSTRIAL INTERESTS.
HERE is no portion of the business interests of a State, county or city, of more importance than its manufacturing industries. They are the bone and sinew of its prosperity, and the failing or closing of a mill or factory is almost an infallible sign of the deterioration of a place, or the unenterprising spirit pervading the inhabitants of that city, village or township. It is with these facts before us. that we here present fur your personal benefit, brief sketches of the greater number of manufactuies. which entitles Dayton to be called the Rochester of Ohio, and of which none are more proud than the intelligent and wide-awake population of that city.
A few of the industries mentioned in this chapter, were established half a century v or more ago. At that time, the wheels of progress turned slower than at present, and the mode of manufacture was rather primitive and crude. As the chariot of time rolled slowly forward. improvements began to make their appearance on every article placed on the market, and at present. we venture to say, there is no city in the Union whose inventors and manufacturers are better known and whose manufactured goods bear a higher standard than those use of the Valley City of the Miami."
Her inventors, though not numerous. have placed before the American public articles of importance and necessity; her manufacturers have ever strived to place the city of their choice in the front rank among the great business centers of the West. In this they have succeeded beyond their most sanguine expectations. They have invested hundreds of thousands of dollars in the buildings. machinery etc., and by the purchase of the best quality of crude material, the employing of none but skilled workmen, a judicious expenditure of printer's ink, coupled with displays of their wares at industrial exhibitions, have succeeded in making the fame of Dayton resound far and wide, throughout the civilized world.
The following industries especially merit attention, either on account, of their age and magnitude, or the enterprising spirit which their owners have shown on all occasions. To no industry of Dayton can her citizens point with more pride than the one we shall first call attention to. It is probably the largest works of a like character in the United States, and gives employment to over a regiment of America's sons.
THE BARNEY & SMITH MANUFACTURING COMPANY.
The Dayton Car Works were established in 1849, by E. Thresher and E. E. Barney. under the firm name of E. Thresher & Co., and with limited capital as compared with that now invested. In 1854, Mr. Thresher disposed of his interest to C. Parker, and for ten years the business was conducted under
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the firm name of Barney, Parker & Co. In 1864, Mr. Parker sold his interest to Preserved Smith, and the firm name changed to Barney, Smith & Co. In 1867, the firm was incorporated, assuming the name of the Barney & Smith Manufacturing Company, since which time they have rapidly enlarged their business and erected new and more commodious brick buildings. The machinery first used in the business was formerly in the possession of Dean, Parker & Mills, car manufacturers of Springfield, Mass., and was brought to Dayton by Mr. C. Parker. New machinery has been constantly added, new inventions placed of different machines, until at present they have probably the most complete car-work machinery in the West. The company consumes more than 10,000,000 feet of lumber and 20,000 tons of iron per annum, and employs Over 1,100 men. Their capital has been increased from $120,000 in 1849, to $1,000,000 in 1880. while the value of their manufactured goods annually exceeds 42.000.000. Their buildings cover four acres, and with the second, third, and fourth floors of some, give them over eight acres of working room. They have one building 35 x 50 feet in size, of which the first floor is used as a store room; the second is handsomely fitted up for an office; and the third for the. curtain and linen department of sleeping coaches. They also have the following buildings: One. one and a half story brick, 97 x 155, for freight car erecting: one 50 x 155. for freight trucks; painting shop, 52x245; one, 52x182, for setting up bodies of passenger coaches; two four-story buildings, 82x90, and 63x60, for engine room and wood-working machinery; one, 82x165, for setting up bodies of baggage cars; one. 82x165, for freight wood-working machinery: blacksmith shop. 81 x 205: machine shop, 63x120, four stories; wheel foundry; 95x100: pitting house, 30x60 feet (capacity 140 wheels per day); oil and glass house, 30x60 feet_. three stories: sand and coke sheds and stabling. Two engines are required to move these acres of solid machinery -350 and 200 horse power respectively.
WOODWORKING ESTABLISHMENT.
Baird & Bro.'s planing-mill, sash. door and blind factory.
This business was established in 1858. by John C. and William F. Baird.
They commenced business on the present site of John Rouzer's planingmill, where they remained until July, 1861.On that date their mill was destroyed by tire. the firm losing a large stock of models, patterns, etc. Soon after, they started in business again on First street, opposite the head of Madison. In 1872, they removed to their present location. They now occupy a four-story brick structure, 100x30 feet in size, at 328 and 330 East First street. Their building is fitted up with the latest improved machinery, and is operated by rented steam power. The business was rather small at first, but as both brothers are practical mechanics. and have given all their attention to it, their trade is now quite large. extending, for the most part, throughout Montgomery and Greene Counties.
HOGLEN BROS.' PULP COMPANY.
This firm manufactures all kinds of lumber. Their flourishing business was founded by the father of the Messrs. Hoglen in 1840, and in 1873 the firm composed of John B. William J. and J. C. Hoglen, took possession. The employ fifty men, paying an average salary to each of 412 per week. They also have, in addition to these, a foreman and a book-keeper. The motive power is furnished by a forty-horse power engine, and their yards are located on East Fifth and North Webster streets, with an office at 228 East Fifth street. The mill for the manufacture of pulp, is located at Medway, Clark Co., Ohio. The officers of the company are: J. P. Hoglen, President; J. C. Hoglen, Secretary; J. N. Bell, Treasurer.
606 - HISTORY OF MONTGOMERY COUNTY.
G. STOMPS & CO'S CHAIR FACTORY.
Among the many institutions which have served to extend the fame of Dayton as a manufacturing point, and especially deserving of mention, because standing alone among the other industries, is the above works. The business was founded in 1859, by Gustav Stomps. He commenced operations in a small brick and frame building, on First street, and four years later his trade had increased to such an extent as to necessitate more commodious quarters. He removed to his present location, 229 East First street, where he has since carried on his steadily increasing business. The firm occupy three buildings one factory, three stories high, 43x200 feet, with offices attached; one 30x100 feet, four stories high, and a wareroom on Canal, between First and Second streets, 42x83, four stories high. The firm manufacture cane and wood bottom chairs, which are turned out by the best improved machinery. The firm employ 100 men and find a ready sale for their goods in New York, Pennsylvania, Illinois, Indiana and Ohio. Mr. Stomps, the founder of the business, is a native of Germany, but at present one of the representative German citizens of this county. The " Co." is composed of R. P. Burkhart and C. Vogel, the former of whom has charge of the business of the firm.
JOHN ROUZER.
This gentleman is the largest contractor and builder in Dayton. From 1844 to 1854 he worked at the carpenter's trade throughout this and adjoining counties. In 1854, he established his present business at Dayton in a small way, and in 1861 commenced the manufacture of building material. His business was then located in the old Bomberger flouring mill, where he put in operation and used the first iron frame molding machine manufactured in the United States. and which is still in his possession. In 1862 he commenced the erection of the old (Turner) Opera House, which was completed and opened January 1, 1864. In 1863, he removed to his present location, on the Cooper Hydraulic, at the head of Fourth street, and from 1866 to 1868 employed about two hundred men annually. In 1867, he enlarged his quarters by a wing 54x 72 feet in size, and now occupies a large and commodious structure. His facilities for manufacturing building material are unlimited, and his machinery of the latest and best improved pattern. He re-saws lumber, makes stair building a specialty, and is a large dealer in frames, sashes, doors, blinds, and is a manufacturer of brackets, office furniture and wooden mantels.
PARROTT &, GILBERT.
This firm own and operate the Dayton Furniture Company, which business was commenced about the year 1865. The present firm, composed of Henry R. Parrott and Jacob B. Gilbert, purchased the stock and trade in 1874, and have since continued the business. They occupy a factory 60x40, four stories, and an addition 35x60, two stories, both being constructed of brick. The company manufacture only chamber sets, of which goods they turn out numerous and handsome designs, all being made of the best woods. Their trade extends throughout Western New York and Pennsylvania, Michigan and Northeastern Ohio, exceeding over $50,000 annually. Thirty-five hands find steady and remunerative employment, and the business of the firm has grown to such proportions as to find a market for more goods than they can make--a fact worthy the careful consideration of all business men. The Company's machinery is run by steam power, rented of E. H. Brownell & Co.
PIERCE & COLEMAN.
This firm is wholesale and retail dealers in and dressers of all kinds of lumber. The business was established by Matthew Burrows, who was suc-
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ceeded by Burrows & Stewart, and the latter firm by Stewart & Co., in 1866. J. H. Pierce became the sole proprietor in 1876, and was succeeded by the present firm. They occupy a three-story brick building, 100x60 feet in size, at Nos. 10 and 12 Wayne street, and employ fifty men at an average salary of $9 per week. Their machinery is run by an eighty-horse power engine, and is of the most complete and improved style.
PINNEO & DANIELS.
These gentlemen are the sole proprietors of the Dayton Wheel Works. The business was founded in 1855, by Ernest Zwick, who continued it, with several partners, until 1865, in which year A. W. Pinneo bought an interest, and in March, 1866, E. A. Daniels also purchased an interest, the firm continuing as Zwick, Pinneo & Daniels until 1875, when the two latter purchased Mr. Zwick's interest, and the firm became Pinneo & Daniels. They were located at 216 East Third street, where business was carried on for a fifth of a century. In April, 1881, the firm moved into their present large and hand some brick structure. This building is 50x100 feet in size, three and a half stories high, with an L 36x65 feet, three stories. This is one of two industries of a like nature in Dayton; and the firm, therefore, enjoy a large and solid trade. They manufacture wheels, hubs, spokes and all kinds of wagon wood and bent work. Their work is of the very best quality, and they cater only for the best trade. Their sales are made all over the Union, and large amounts have been shipped to foreign lands. The firm have about $100,000 invested in the business, and their sales will average annually about the same amount. Seventy-five men and boys are employed in the business, and the machinery is operated by a 150-horse power engine. Charles E. Daniels has
charge of the office. The gentlemen comprising this firm are well known throughout the county and State as men of sterling business integrity.
S. N. BROWN & CO.
This firm manufacture wheels, hubs, spokes and bent material. The enterprise was inaugurated by Harvey Blanchard, in 1847, on the east side of the canal, between Third and Fourth streets, and is, therefore, one of the oldest industrial firms in Dayton. In 1850, the firm became known as Blanchard & Brown, under which title it continued the business until 1863, when J. M. Phelps became a silent partner. In 1867 occurred the death of Mr. Blanchard, and Messrs. Brown & Phelps purchased his interest, and changed the name of the firm to its present style. In 1869, a joint-stock company was organized with a capital stock of $147,500, the firm name being yet retained. In 1851, the firm removed to the corner of Kenton and Fourth streets. Their present quarters. on the southeast corner of Fourth and St. Clair streets, was erected in 1869, where they occupy a five-story brick structure, of considerable dimensions, in addition to a three-story frame, formerly used as a factory, in which their rough turning of wood work is now done. They employ 130 men, and their trade will amount to $150,000 annually.
AGRICULTURAL WORKS.
R. C. TAYLOR & SON.
Prominent among the manufacturers of hay rakes in the United States is the name of B. C. Taylor. This gentleman is a native of Pennsylvania, and came to Dayton many years ago. In 1862, he founded his present business on the present site of the shops of Marshall, Graves & Co., and was subsequently, for many years, in the Western shops, now occupied by L. & M. Woodhull.
610 - HISTORY OF MONTGOMERY COUNTY.
Starting his business previous to the war, on the breaking-out of which money was plenty, and hay rakes needed. Mr. Taylor's invention rose rapidly in public favor. Some years after, owing to hard times, and the non-payment of hundreds of notes due, he was forced to suspend operations until 1881, when he started once more. The firm occupies four rooms in a large brick building, and manufacture Taylor's new rake, an improvement on the old one, combining both hand and horse dump. Over 64,000 of the former rakes were distributed throughout the civilized world, supplying both home and foreign trade. The firm have facilities for turning out 3,500 rakes annually, finding a ready sate for them. The business is located on the corner of Wayne and East Third streets
DAYTON CHAMPION PLOW WORKS.
J. Lane Reed & Co. are the proprietors of the above named works. The business was commenced in 1809 by Manse, Breneman & Co., on Front street, near Third, in a small frame building, about one-third the size of the present one. The business was operated by this firm until the death of Mr. Manse, in 1813. A year previous, Mr. J. Lane Reed became a member of the firm, and on the death of its senior member of the company, the firm name became J. Lane Reed & Co. They occupy a four-story brick building, 175x100 feet in size, where they manufacture the Champion plow, in all sizes and kinds. The office of the firm is located across the street. opposite the factory. The trade of this firm extends from Pennsylvania to the " Rockies." and from " the Lakes " to "the Gulf." They have received innumerable premiums and diplomas from different expositions. State, district and county fairs. One important feature in the Champion plow claimed by the firm to be superior to other plows is its simplicity of construction and adaptation to soil once heavily timbered. The machinery in the building is operated by both water and steam power. Edward and James Breneman form the " Co." of this firm.
MARSHAL. GRAVES & CO.
These works were established between the years 1866 and 1869, by Herman Herchelrode, who made an assignment in 1878. F. M. Reigel then bought the works of E. Bimm, the assignee, and carried on the business until 1879, when Albert C. Marshall purchased the business, and operated it as the Dayton. Machine Company, until 1880. Henry C. Graves then became a member of the firm, changing the company's name to Marshall, Graves & Co. They occupy a three-story brick, L-shaped. 200 x 40, and 150 x 60 for machine shops, and a one-story foundry. 100x80 feet in size. The firm manufacture the " Victor" and " Star" hay rake and trade engines. which are shipped to all parts of the Union. They give constant employment to nearly one hundred. men, at a salary of $2 per day each. Their propelling power is furnished by a "Callahan" eighty-horse power engine, which is kept steadily running to its full capacity.
D. E. M'SHERRY & CO., 1126 E EAST THIRD STREET,
This industry was founded by its present partners in 1864, on Wayne street. They remained there until 1868. when business had increased to such proportions that more room was necessary. The company then purchased their present site, and erected their present factory. The building is a T-shaped, three-story brick, 350 x 50 feet in size, and supplied with the best machinery, for the manufacture of agricultural implements. This firm commenced to make the McSherry grain drill, and have devoted all their capital, time and enterprise to improve its strength and utility. They have so far succeeded as to now employ 140 men eleven months in the year. whereas at first their business only needed the workmanship of thirty-five men for a season. Their trade
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is found from New England to California, and is increasing in the South in proportion to the opening up of that territory. The number of drills annually manufactured has increased from 400 to 4,000, a significant fact of the enter prise and "go-ahead-ativeness of this firm." The members of the firm are Daniel E. McSherry and Edward Breneman.
J. W STODDARD & CO.
The works under this firm, at 1122 to 1140 East Third street, were established in 1868, by Dodds & Beal, on the present site of the factory. That firm was succeeded by John Dodds. and he, in 1870, by John Dodds & Co. The present firm came into possession in 1875. The business was first started in a two-story frame building. 30x100 feet in size, which was subsequently destroyed by fire The firm then erected an L-shaped two-story brick; which is 110 x 136 x 40 feet in size. It was afterward raised to three stories, and business has increased so rapidly that a new building has been erected, each year since. The ground owned by the firm is 295x230 feet in dimensions. and, in addition to the old building, has on it two four-story brick structures, 130x50 feet each. a foundry 136x50. a blacksmith shop 80x60, three stories high, and another shop 136x30. one story high. A glance at these proportions will give the reader an idea of the large amount of room necessary to carry on the steadily increasing; l» business of this firm. They employ an average of 450 men. and have nearly $350,000 invested in the business. Thev annually manufacture 2,500 grain chills. 2,500 broadcast seeders, 15,000 hay rakes, 3,000 harrows, and a large number of smaller implements. The above facts speak for themselves. and comment is unnecessary. No industry in the Valley City is pointed to with more pride and interest than the works operated by the above firm. They are the largest of the kind in Montgomery County, and probably in Western Ohio.
JOHN DODDS.
The manufacturing career of this gentleman extends back to 1856, when, in partnership with William Bomberger and Collins Wight, he began the manufacture of agricultural implements in the shops now owned by the Woodsum Machine Company. where they continued in business until the close of the war. when they sold the building to the Pitts Threshing Machine Company, and moved to the Dayton and Western shops. Here they carried on business several years. when Mr. Dodds bought out Bomberger, Wight & Co., which was the firm name. and began the manufacture of the Hollingsworth Rake, exclusively. under the firm name of Smith. Dodds & Co. At the end of one. year, Mr. Dodds bought out the partners and became sole owner. He gave up the lease of the Dayton and Western shops, and erected new buildings on the corner of Third and Bainbridge streets, where, after manufacturing three years, he disposed of a half interest to John W. Stoddard. This partnership existed three years when Mr. Dodds sold his interest in thoseshops to Mr. Stoddard, and purchased the latter's interest in the Miami City shops, which they were also operating. This change occurred in 1875, and the only building at this point was a two-storied frame and a brick engine house, which yet form a part of the present shops. the frame structure being now used for a wood-shop on the first story, and paint-room above, with a brick addition in the rear for like purposes. In the rear of this are the blacksmith and machine shops, solid brick buildings. two stories in height, in which everything is done by the aid of ingenious machinery, the upper story of the blacksmith shop being also used for a paint-room. To the north of those is the foundry, which is a one-story brick, and on the east of all is a large three-storied brick wareroom, with a two-story brick building used for finishing rooms, adjoining it on the north;
612 - HISTORY OF MONTGOMERY COUNTY.
the combined shops covering about two acres of ground, and including spoke and lumber yard, five acres. Mr. Dodds manufactures six kinds of rakes, viz., the Hollingsworth, Reindeer, Surprise, Taylor No. 1 and No. 4, and Redbird. turning out about 11,000 rakes annually, aggregating about $200, 000 per year. In running the machinery, one eighty-horse power engine is used. and every machine throughout these shops is of the latest and best improved pattern. Mr. Dodds employs 140 hands, has manufactured since starting his business more than 125,000 rakes, and his market is throughout the civilized world. The office is a neat two-storied frame structure, close to the shops, which are located in Miami City, north of Third street, on the Dayton & Western Railroad, which supplies him with convenient and abundant shipping facilities.
PRITZ & KUHNST.
This firm commenced business in 1852, on the corner of Second and Sears streets. under the present firm name. Being among the pioneer manufacturing firms of the Valley City, their business has increased in proportion to the growth of the city. They first occupied a small frame building, and with one assistant started the manufacture of horse-powers and threshing machines. In 1846, they removed to a two-story frame building on the corner of Second and Webster streets, where they remained ten years. In 1856, they took possession of their present factory. This is a four-story structure, 200x50 feet in size. fitted up with the best kinds of machinery for the making of this class of goods. They employ forty men, at an average salary of $1.75 per day, and, although not doing as large a business as other firms in the same line, their trade is permanent and remunerative. They manufacture about 400 each of self-binders, self-rakes, reapers, mowers and grain drills annually.
THE AUGHE PLOW WORKS-CHARLES PARROTT, PROPRIETOR.
This important branch of the industrial establishments of the "Rochester of Ohio " was founded in 1847, by Jefferson Aughe, in a little shop on Third street. Mr. Aughe was of an inventive turn of mind, and turned his genius into the agricultural channel of manufactures. He invented the plow which bears his name, and which has been scattered throughout the Union like wheat on well prepared soil. Shortly after starting this business. he removed to the present location of the works, and erected a frame building 40x40, two stories high, where business was carried on by him alone till the early part of 1865, when John Achey bought an interest. which he held until his death in the fall of 1866, after which Charles Parrott purchased Mr. Achey's interest from the heirs and this firm operated the works until 1871, when Mr. Parrott purchased Mr. Aug he's interest; the latter died soon after, but his name will not be forgotten by the many tillers of the soil throughout Ohio and the great Northwest. Mr. Parrott added to the old frame building, until July 18, 1881, when the entire structure was torn down, and a handsome brick building erected. The new works are 80x70, four stories in height; and were taken possession of in October, 1881. The first floor is used for a blacksmith shop. grinding and polishing room ; second floor for "stocking" wood work and office; third and fourth floors for painting, finishing and making ready for shipment. Three warehouses are used by this firm-one 24x100, one story, another 24x60, and the third 16x50. The cost of erecting the new building was $12,000, exclusive of machinery. The firm manufacture the Aughe Breaking Plow, making about 3,000 annually, which are distributed over Ohio, Indiana and Illinois. The manufacturing department is under the supervision of Smith Aug he, brother of the inventor. who has been in the shop over twenty years. Then business is carried on by George Parrott, a brother of the proprietor. The works are located on the Upper Hydraulic.
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THE FARMERS' FRIEND MANUFACTURING COMPANY.
Among the many industrial establishments of Southern Ohio, but few take precedence of the one mentioned in this sketch. The business of the company was commenced by Wensthoff & Getz, in 1868, in a three-story building, 50x100 feet in dimensions, and where the firm employed about twenty-five men. This firm was succeeded by the present company, which was incorporated in 1871, with a capital stock of $100,000. In 1875, the firm needed more commodious quarters, and enlarged their building to the present size. They now occupy three structures-one four-story brick, 206 feet on State street, by 130 feet on Wayne street - a foundry 150x50 feet, and another building, one story high, 130x60 feet. Their business has steadily increased with each succeeding year until at present they rank among the first in the State. They employ 200 workmen, at an average salary of $10 per week, and manufacture about 7,000 each of grain drills and corn planters annually. Their trade extends "everywhere and anywhere," and seven traveling salesmen are kept constantly on the road. with the same number of clerks and book-keepers in the office. The firm have branch houses at Philadelphia and Rochester, N. Y., which supply the trade in that portion of the Union. The following are the present officers of the company : President, B. Kuhns ; Vice President, C. F. Kneisly ; Secretary, V. P. Van Horne : Treasurer, James A. Marley.
WOODSUM MACHINE COMPANY.
This company was originally founded by J. B. Pitts & Co., in 1863. This firm began the manufacture of the celebrated Pitts Threshing Machines, of which thousands are scattered all over the civilized world. In 1867, the film was changed to Woodsum, Tenney & Co. In 1875, owing to the large increase in business, it was incorporated as a stock company, with a capital of $250, 000, and assumed the name it bears at present. The company occupies an immense brick structure on the corner of Keowee and Pitts streets, near the Barney & Smith car works. They manufacture the Improved Pitts and Globe Threshing Machines, and Portable and Traction Engines, a ready sale for which is found in all parts of the globe. These machines are as well known, perhaps, as any in the United States, and enjoy a reputation second to none. The present officers of the company are as follows : President. George W. Shaw ; Vice President. B. F. Hargrave : Secretary, J. F. Perrine.
CARRIAGES AND WAGONS - B. E. HOUSER & CO.
The business now operated by this firm was commenced in 1870, by Hitter & Houser, on the corner of Third and Union streets. Two years later, the firm disolved partnership, and Mr. Houser was the sole proprietor. After various changes, the present firm-Benjamin E. Houser and Charles E. Bedell was established. They owned and carried on two shops, one on the corner of Third and Baxter streets, and the other, one on the corner of Third and Union streets. In the fall of 1881. they purchased half of a large brick structure, at No. 31 West Fourth street, where they continue the business, having disposed of the former shops. They employ twenty-five men, and enjoy a good local trade. The annual sales, adding the receipts of the repair shop, will average $10,000. Mr. Houser has charge of the shops, and Mr. Bedell of the office and trade. The firm make buggies and all kinds of light wood work, and their facilities in the new shops are first-class.
WEAVER BROTHERS.
This business was founded by Gerrety, Gillispie & Co., in 1868, Charles Weaver being the " Company " of the firm. They were succeeded by Gerrety & Weaver, and in the fall of 1875, the former retired and Mr. Weaver became
614 - HISTORY OF MONTGOMERY COUNTY.
sole proprietor. The shops are located at No. 12 East Fourth street. employs ten men and do a good business. In November. 1881, Me. Weaver died, and was succeeded by his three sons-Phillip, William and Albert-who have since carried on the business under the above name. Their repairing and sales amount to about $9,000 per year, and the firm have a well-established reputation in their line.
J. L. BIKER & CO.
The works owned by the above firm were removed here from New Carlisle in 1871, under the firm name of J. L. & F. M. Baker, and business commenced in the building they now occupy. It was erected by the firm, but has since been enlarged, and is now, a three-story brick, with three rooms 150x25, and three rooms 60x60. F. M. Baker retired from the firm in 1877, and the business was carried on by the remaining member until 1879, when J. Sykes and M. A. Griffith purchased an interest. In 1880, Mr. Griffith disposed of his interest to Mr. Baker, and the firm name was changed to J. L. Baker & Co. They employ from twenty to fifty men-diminishing Or increasing the force in proportion to the seasons of trade. They make only fine buggies and carriages, and turn out about 350 annually.
L. & M. WOODHULL.
This firm established their buggy works on Kenton street in 1878, in a four story brick structure, 25x75 feet in size, and commenced work with twenty employes. In 1880, they removed to their present quarters on Fifth street, which was formerly called the Western shops, and used by B. C. Taylor, in the manufacture of the Taylor Hay Rake. The dimensions of the buildings used by this firm are as follows : Main factory, 160 x 60, two-stories; a shipping house and wareroom 161x40, two-stories; a " body room;" 150x50, and a blacksmith shop, formerly used as a round-house by a railroad company. In the latter they operate nine forges, one furnace and a steam hammer. They employ 100 men, at a daily average of $1.75 each and turn out 1,500 vehicles per year, in addition to a large amount of unfinished work supplied to the trade. They have about $50,000 invested in the business, and are the only wholesale and retail dealers in this line of trade in Dayton, and probably in Montgomery County.
MURRAY & SEEGER.
This firm manufactures carriages and light buggies, and is located on the southeast corner of Fifth and Stone streets. They commenced operations in 187'2, in a small two-story frame building on Wayne street, and a few months after took possession of their present works. They occupy a three-story brick 90x90, and employ sixteen men, at an average salary of $2.25 per day. The firm has $10,000 invested in the business, and their annual sales average $22,000, being mostly in Montgomery County.
PFEIFFENBERGER C SMITH.
The business carried on by this firm was founded in 1838 by Henry Kimes, and is therefore ono of the pioneer firms in this line of trade in Montgomery County. In 1858, the stock and trade was purchased by Louis J. Pfeiffenber ger and George Coldracer, but in 1873 the latter sold his interest to Micliael M. Smith, and the firm has since borne its present name. They occupy three buildings-blacksmith shop, wagon shop and warehouse, all of which are located at Nos. 203-5-7-9 East Water street. The firm makes all kinds of wagons, carts, drays, wheelbarrows, and employ six men. The wagon department is presided over by the senior inember of the firm, and the blacksmith by the junior member.
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W. W. PHILLIPS.
This business was founded by the present proprietor in the place he is now located in April, 1833--almost a half century ago. He commenced by making stage coaches, carriages and buggies. Owing to inability, by reason of advancing years, he has allowed his business to remain nearly the same as in days of yore-always enjoying a fair trade, and not seeking to keep pace with the busy, bustling activity of those more youthfui in both years and business. Mr. Phillips employs about eleven men and makes from twenty-five to fifty vehicles per year, in addition to a large amount of repairing. This building is a two-story brick. 200x50 feet in size. The greater part of the work turned out here supplies a local demand.
MACHINE SHOPS AND FOUNDRIES.
A. A. SIMONDS.
The works owned by this gentleman are located on the Dayton View Hydraulic. Mr. Simonds was formerly engaged in business in Massachusetts, but in 1875 came to Dayton and founded his present business. He erected a substantial brick building, in which operations were commenced. Although a comparatively new enterprise, he is meeting with marked success, and a patronage extending throughout the length and breadth of the Union. The facilities for doing this kind of work are complete, and of the best improved style. The firm manufactures paper-mill engine bars and plates, rag cutting and trimming knives, planing machine, spoke, molding, stave jointing, straw cutting, shingle machine and various kinds of pattern knives.
BOYER & M'MASTER.
This firm commenced business in 1864, on Bayard street, the present location, in a one-story brick building, 35x50 feet in size. At first, their employes numbered eight, but their business now requires the skilled labor of thirty-five men. Their building was enlarged in 1869, to its present size, now being 55x75 feet, with a foundry addition, 50x100 feet. The firm manufacture stoves and castings of all kinds and sizes. They have an office and salesroom at 133 East Third street, and do an annual business of about $50,000.
BUCKEYE IRON AND BRASS WORKS.
Those works are owned by a company, incorporated June 20, 1876, with a capital stock of $75,000. The officers of the company are: President, Charles E. Pease; Vice President and Treasurer, R. M. Anderson; Secretary, W. B. Anderson. The works are located on East Third street, near Canal, and their dimensions are as follows: Main building, 60x256, four stories; foundry, 80x110, one story, both being constructed of brick. This company build improved machinery for the manufacture of linseed and cottonseed oil; Pease tobacco-cutter, for the manufacture of fine-cut chewing and smoking tobacco; Kratzsch universal milling machine; Turrett & Speed lathes, for brass finishers' use. The manufacture of brass goods, for engine-builders and steam-fitters, forms an important feature of this company's business. it is the leading branch of their trade, employing over 100 men in this department. Their full force numbers 175 employes, and their annual sales average $200,000.
CENTRAL MACHINE WORKS.
G. J. Roberts & Co. are the proprietors of this business. It was founded in 1867, by George J. Roberts, and passed into the hands of the present firm
616 - HISTORY OF MONTGOMERY COUNTY.
in 1875. Their shop is located at 38 St. Clair street, where they occupy a four-story brick, 30x60. The firm first commenced to do job-work and make steam engines, but, as the trade increased, they began the manufacture of steam-pumps, and since then, have given nearly all their time and attention to this specialty. They employ fifteen men, and have about $25,000 invested in the business. Their sales are made from Ohio to Colorado. and Illinois to Mississippi, and will average $30,000 annually. Their machinery is operated by rented power.
CHADWICK &. FRANCISCO.
This firm is located at Nos. 9, 11. 13 and 15 South Canal street, where they commenced operations in 1869, succeeding another firm. They were formerly located in the large brick building adjoining on the north, but removed to present location in August, 1880. The building is 50x50 feet in size, two stories, in which are employed some six men. This firm makes all kinds of iron fencing and jail-work. Among the jobs put up by C. & F. may be named the following: The fence inclosing the National Cemetery grounds, at, Mound City, Ill.; iron-work for the jails of Auglaize County, Ohio. and Noble County, Ind. Their annual trade amounts to $5,000.
CHARLES WUICHET & CO.
This enterprise was commenced in 1857, on the northwest corner of Third and St. Clair streets, by W. F. Gebhart, who made galvanized iron-work. In 1812, Mr. Wuichet became a partner in the business. and the firm name was changed to W. F. Gebhart & Co. It remained as such until the death of Mr. Gebhart, in 1880, and the present firm, composed of Charles Wuichet and R. C. Schenck, Jr., purchased the stock and trade, changing the firm name to the one it now bears. At first, the firm occupied a two-story brick. 30x60 feet, and employed six men. They removed to their present quarters, opposite the old one, in 1869, and now employ fifty-three men, at an average of $2 per day each. They do slate-roofing and all kinds of galvanized iron-work. During the first year in business, they used one carload of slate, and at present, over 100 car-loads annually, and do a business averaging $70,000 per annum.
DAYTON STEAM BOILER WORKS.
E. H. Brownell & Co. are the proprietors of these works, which are located on the corner of First and Foundry streets. E. H. Brownell established the business in 1855, in a small shop on the present site of the works. He continued the business alone until 1857, when James Brownell was given an interest in the business, and the firm name became the present one. The shops are large and roomy, occupying a space 200x60, with an addition 40x55. the latter, two story. The firm manufactures boilers and sheet-iron work exclusively, and do the largest business of the kind in Montgomery County, and rank among the largest in the State. The firm employs about seventy-five men and enjoys an average trade of $125,000 per annum. The work is under the personal supervision of Mr. E. H. Brownell, Who is a practical mechanic, and an inventor of no small ability. The works are equipped with the best machinery, and their facilities for doing large jobs of work exceed anything in Western Ohio. Among the many hundreds of boilers built by this firm are those of the Dayton Water Works, Montgomery, Ala., Water AVorks, and the greater number of boilers at the National Soldiers' Home and Southern Ohio Insane Asylum.
DAYTON MALLEABLE IRON WORKS.
This industrial enterprise was founded in 1866, by Loeb Stevenson & Co., at the present site of the works. In 1870, a company was organized under
CITY OF DAYTON. - 617
the above name, and incorporated with a capital stock of $80,000, E. A. and H. E. Parrott owning the principal portion of the stock. The company's buildings are located in Miami City, on the north side of Third street, between Sum mit street and Dale avenue. Their buildings are as follows: A two-story brick warehouse, 100x50 feet; foundry, 250x50; and an annealing house, 50x80 feet. The motive power for driving the machinery- is furnished by a 50-horse-power engine, which is nearly double the capacity of the one originally used by the old firm. The company consumes about 1,500 tons of raw material annually, from which they make all kinds of carriage hardware and malleable iron castings. In February, 1882, E. A. Parrott resigned the Presidency- of the company, and F. P. Gaddis was elected to that position. This firm do an annual business of about $150,000, and is one of the leading interests of Dayton.
DAYTON CORNICE WORKS.
These works are owned by G. W. and E. E. Buvinger, who established the business in 1879, in a brick building on the corner of Third and Canal streets, the present location. They occupy a two-story brick structure, 36x60 feet in size, and manufacture galvanized iron cornices, window caps, do tin and slate roofing and house spouting. They employ about twelve men, and have met with very gratifying success in the short time they have been engaged in this business. and have a capital invested of about $6,000.
D. H. & C. C. MORRISON.
This firm is engaged in bridge building. Their business was founded in 1852, by D. H. Morrison, of Daton, and Julius C. Curtis, of Keokuk, Iowa. In 1854, Mr. Curtis retired from' the firm, and in 1868, C. C. Morrison was ad mitted as a partner and the business since conducted under the present name. When first started the firm had no shops located, but in 1869, erected one on Shawnee, between Fifth and Wayne streets. The firm is now located in " Brown Town," and do all kinds of bridge building, iron roofing and girders for buildings. They employ about seventy-five men. and their business for 1884 amounted to over $150,000. Charles Mitchell is the foreman, and has charge of the entire out-door business of the firm. Among the many iron bridges constructed by this establishment, are those over the Miami River, at Dayton, with numerous ones in Virginia, Tenuessee, Kentucky, Ohio, Indiana, Illinois and Kansas. This firm have recently erected extensive, one-story brick shops across the Miami River, in " Brown Town," where their works will be carried on for the future. The building is 66x253 feet in size, besides the engine and boiler room, and the facilities of the firm are larger than at any time in its past experience.
GREER & KING.
This firm, though claiming to be doing the largest business of the kind in Montgomery County, refused to give the compiler of this chapter but very few facts about their trade. The business was founded in 1834, by James Greer and Rufus J. King. Mr. Greer died in 1873 or 1874, but the firm has still continued business under the old name. They have occupied a four-story stove factory on Canal street, between Second and Third streets, for twenty-five years. The firm makes stoves and ranges.
BROWNELL & CO.
The business of this firm was established in 1864, but owing to the steadily increasing business, it was organized into a joint-stock company in 1872, with C. H. Kielmier as President. The business was conducted in this man ner until 1878, when Messrs. Brownell & Schneble became the proprietors, the
618 - HISTORY OF MONTGOMERY COUNTY.
latter gentleman having been closely identified with the business for many years. They employ a large force of skilled mechanics, and occupy buildings aggregating 250 x 400 feet in size, located on East First street. The firm manufactures all kinds of portable and stationary engines, saw-mills and steam boilers, and the superiority of the quality of work done by them, is fully substantiated by the large number of orders received from all parts of the Union. They employ 155 workmen, and rank among the first-class manufacturers of the Miami Valley.
LELAND & DAUGHERTY.
The foundation for this large and prosperous business was laid in 1865, by W. P. Callahan, Thomas McGregor, James Daugherty and Henry Fisher, under the firm name of McGregor, Fisher & Co. Three years after commencing operations, the two former parties retired from the firm, and the two latter conducted the business until February, 1873, when Lyman W. Leland purchased Mr. Fisher's interest, and the firm assumed its present name. Mr. Leland had previously been in charge of the machinery department of the Barney & Smith Car Works for twenty years, and thoroughly understood the business. The shops of this firm are located at Nos. 1002-4-6 East Third street, where they do a general boiler and heavy sheet-iron business. They lease the ground, but own the buildings occupied. They employ an average of fifteen men in the business, and do a large amount of work for the force employed. The firm make a specialty of tank work, and have furnished a large number of tanks to firms all over Western Ohio. Mr. Daugherty is a No. 1. boiler-maker, and has charge of that part of the work, while Mr. Leland supervises the office work and trade of the firm.
M'HOSE & LYON.
The business carried on by this firm was started by the senior member in 1868, in a small room on Canal, between Third and Fourth streets, with one assistant. In 1872, Mr. McHose commenced the manufacture of iron railing, and five years later Mr. Lyon became a partner, the firm assuming its present title. The new firm removed to a room 80x70 feet, in the new neighborhood. In 1879, they commenced making iron fronts, and in August of the year following, removed to their present quarters, at the foot of Ludlow street, where they started a foundry. They occupy five buildings--one three-story structure, 51x30, another 15x60, two-story; one 20x50, one 51x120, and one 62x80 addition to foundry. From an investment of $75, and one assistant at first, the firm has increased the business to such an extent as to employ fifty men, at an average salary of $1.75 per day each, with a required capital of $50,000.
NEFF & BENNETT.
This firm purchased their business from a Mr. Foster about 1850-51. They occupy a one and two-story brick and frame structure, 150x50 feet, on the hydraulic canal, between Fifth and Wayne streets. They employ twenty men, and manufacture from four hundred to six hundred tons of stoves and hollow iron ware, per annum. Their office and salesroom is located on the west side of Main, between Third and Fourth streets.
SMITH, VAIL & CO.
This enterprise was founded in 1874, by Walter W. Smith and John H. Vail. They first located in a portion of the Woodsum Machine Company's building, where they remained until the summer of 1881. They then erected a two-story brick structure, 250x60, with an L 60x60, a foundry 60x60, and two core ovens, each 20x30, one story high. The firm manufacture steam pumps and hydraulic machinery, and are constructors of water-works machin-
CITY OF DAYTON. - 619
ery. They employ eighty men in the shops, and have a trade averaging $150,000 per annum. Among the many jobs of machinery put up by this firm are the water-works machinery at Red Oak, Iowa, Lancaster, Ohio, Joplin, Mo.. and Waco, Tex. Mr. Smith has charge of the office, and Mr. Vail of the machinery department.
STILWELL & BIERCE MANUFACTURING COMPANY.
This important feature of Dayton's industrial establishments was inaugurated in 1866, by E. R. Stilwell and George N. Bierce. They first occupied a portion of the old Marshall property, on the corner of Pine and Short streets, where they remained until 1870. During this time their trade had been rapidly and permanently increasing, and in the latter year th y purchased a piece of property on the Dayton View Hydraulic, and erected their present shops, at a cost of over $30,000. The main building is 140x40, two stories; foundry, 40x140, one story; blacksmith and roller mill shop, 160x40, two stories, all being constructed of brick. The same year it was decided to organize a company, which was done, and incorporated, with a capital of $200,000. The present officers of the company are: President, E. R. Stilwell; Treasurer, R. N. Ring; Secretary, George N. Bierce. This company manufactures the "Victor" and "Eclipse" turbine water wheels, and Stilwell's patent lime extracting heater and filter. In 1881, they added the manufacture of Odell's roller mill to their business. This latter machine was patented by U. H. Odell, and is the new process for crushing wheat for flour mills by gradual reduction. It is an important and long needed invention, and before many years will entirely supersede the old process of grinding by buhr stones. The trade of this firm extends in all parts of the world, large shipments being weekly made to foreign lands. During the Centennial exhibition, the company fitted up a heater and turbine wheel in the Machinery Building, both of which received medals from the Examining Committee. The firm furnished three fifty-five inch turbine wheels for the Washburn " A " mills, and Pillsbury "A" mill, at Minneapolis, Minn., the largest flour mills in the world, which are driven by forty-five feet of "head water," each wheel developing from 1,200 to 1,400 horse power. They manufacture turbine wheels from six inches to six feet in diameter, and are rapidly supplying all mills of any size in the Union. Their annual trade can hardly be estimated, but will foot up in the hundreds of thousands.
STOUT, MILLS & TEMPLE.
Among the large list of manufactories contained in this volume, but few are better known to the commercial world than Stout, Mills & Temple, and, as the leading representative of one of Dayton industries, they deserve more than passing notice, and we gladly accord them such space as the magnitude of the enterprise entitles them to. The firm, as now organized, has been engaged in the machinery and foundry business for over twenty-eight years, and are the successors of the first shop of the kind established in Dayton. The latter was in 1827. The Globe Iron Works, owned and operated by the above firm, are located at the foot of Ludlow street, where they have a frontage of 400 feet, and cover altogether several acres of ground. The buildings are of brick, with dimensions as follows: Main building, 267x50, 100 feet of which is two stories high; foundry, 130x50; paint shop, blacksmith shop and warehouses. The general machine shop is fitted up with slide lathes, upright boring and facing mills, gear cutters, made for cutting either spur, bevel, mitered wheels or wood cogs with the greatest accuracy; planers, slotting and milling machines; upright drills and a number of smaller machines, many of which were designed and built to meet the special wants in the business of the firm. The general
620 - HISTORY OF MONTGOMERY COUNTY.
and convenient arrangements of this model machine shop deserves special mention. The lathes, planers and other machine tools are located with reference to each other, that no time is lost in moving unfinished parts of the work from one machine to another. This arrangement enables the work to progress without any loss of time. An important feature is the large number of cranes, with traveling carriages, for handling heavy machinery, there being fourteen of these so arranged that not only the large lathes, planers and boring mills can be reached, but the upright drills also. There is an overhead railway, 167 feet in length, by means of which one of the great turbine wheels, or other heavy completed machinery can by two men be raised clear of obstructions, carried the length of the railway, and placed on cart or dray for shipment. The machinery for these works is driven by motive power from one of the celebrated American turbine water wheels, built by the firm, and located in the engine and water wheel house, south of the main building. The foundry, cupola and core ovens are fitted up especially for heavy castings. The pattern rooms are provided with all the improved wood working machinery, models and designs. The warehouses are used for general finishing and paint work, and the blacksmith shop is large and plentifully supplied with light. For twenty years this firm has manufactured the American turbine water wheel, it being one of the first turbine wheels made in the West. Study, experience, energy and business integrity have succeeded in placing the name of this firm, and the goods they turn out, in the front rank among American manufacturers and industries. They make a turbine wheel from thirteen to eighty-four inches in diameter, and have succeeded in placing them in thousands of mills throughout the Union and foreign lands. A number of their wheels are in use in the great mills at Minneapolis, Minn., one of which in the " Washburn A mill " is sixty inches in diameter, and yields about one thousand-horse power. One of the celebrated wheels manufactured by this firm is in use in a mill at Niagara Falls. It is forty-eight inches in diameter, and is at present yielding 1,150 horse-power, which they claim to be the largest amount of power produced from the same sized wheel west of the Alleghenies. In addition to building turbine wheels, the firm is extensively engaged in the manufacture of paper, flour and saw-mill machinery, and are general mill furnishers. The office is a neat brick structure, located across the street, directly opposite the main building.
W. P. CALLAHAN & CO.
The works owned and conducted by the above-named firm were established in n 1841. by C. Thompson, on Shawnee, between Wayne and Wyandotte streets. Mr. Thompson was succeeded by Parrott & McGregor in 1852, and they in 1856, by Thompson, McGregor & Co., W. P. Callahan being the " Co." In 1864 the firm name was changed to McGregor & Callahan, and remained as such until 186S, when Mr. Callahan became sole proprietor, and in 181l, Thomas Dearman became copartner, which changed the firm name to its present title. The business was removed to its present quarters in 1856, where they now occupy a three-story brick building, 50x100 feet. a two-story, 50x100, and a two-story brick structure, also 50x100 feet in size. The firm employs eighty to one hundred men in the business, and their sales average $125,000 per annum. They manufacture linseed and cotton seed oil machinery, steam engines, mill gearing, shafting, pulleys, etc.
JOYCE, CRIDLAND & CO.
This firm established a factory in the shops of W. P. Callahan, on East Third street, in 1877, for the manufacture of levers and screw-jacks. They began in a small way, but by close application, soon developed a fair business.
CITY OF DAYTON. - 621
In the fall of 1881, the firm leased a building on the corner of Wyandotte street and the railroad, which they fitted up for a general machine shop. The part occupied by them is a two-storied brick structure, with a basement, and in the rear of this is a frame building, which they have leased for the present, to other parties. Their shops contain the best class of machinery and they are prepared to do any sort of work in their line, as well as supply the trade with their well-known and celebrated screw-jack.
MILLS-FLOUR. PAPER, OIL, COTTON, ETC.
Among the many manufacturing industries of the country, and their name is legion, none can take precedence of the manufacture of flour, a fact easily proved when it is so well known that in all new countries, the first industry is the flour-mill. No matter how remote from civilization, it seems the one thing indispensable. Dayton is well represented in this particular, enjoying not only some of the best mills in the country, but also some of the largest. Among them are the following:
BANNER MILLS.
This mill is owned and operated by Jost Durst & Son, who took possession in 1879. It was originally an old stone mill, and first started in 1847. Mr. Durst purchased the property of Mr. Poock, in 1879, and erected the present structure, which is of brick, four stories and a basement, The mill is fitted up with nine run of stones, and seven sets of rolls. The machinery is operated by steam, the motive power being an 18x36 Buckeye engine, with 165 horse-power, and two tubular boilers. The mill is run day and night, and has a capacity of 275 barrels of flour per each twenty-four hours. This product is shipped throughout the union, with a fair amount sold to local trade. In connection with the mill and adjoining it, is the Dayton City Elevator, also conducted by Mr. Durst. This structure was erected in 1868, and is 40x110 feet in size, with an engine and boiler-room in the basement. The machinery is propelled by the mill-engine. The elevator contains thirty-six bins, with a capacity of 3,000 bushels each; two corn shellers, with capacity of 400 bushels per hour; five hominy mills. and one corn-meal feed mill. The grain received is shipped by rail to the Eastern and Southern markets. Mr. Durst employs fifteen men in the mill proper, and eight men in the elevator.
COMMERCIAL MILLS.
This mill was erected in 1847, by Daniel Beckel, at its present site, but was originally a small affair, of less capacity than 100 barrels per day. In 1850, the mill was purchased by D. Eichelbarger, who operated it until the winter of 1854-55. Gebhart Brothers then took possession, and in 1865, were succeeded by the present firm, Simon Gebhart & Sons. In 1870, the latter firm enlarged the mill to its present proportions. It is located on the north side of East Third street, and is a four-story brick structure, 90x110 feet in size. The mill is fitted up regardless of expense, and contains all the latest improved mill machinery. Flour is made by the Jonathan Mills reduction process, and the machinery is operated by a 150-horse-power engine. The firm use both steam and water in making this product, and their mill has a capacity of 450 to 500 barrels per day of twenty-four hours. This large amount of flour is mostly sold in the Eastern markets.
DAYTON CITY MILLS.
These are the pioneer mills of Dayton, and were erected by Horace Pease. In 1875, they were purchased by Gebhart, Polk & Co., and in 1879, by Joseph
622 - HISTORY OF MONTGOMERY COUNTY.
R. Gebhart, who soon afterward admitted his son, Harry C., as a partner, under the firm name of J. R. Gebhart & Son. The mill is 50x70 feet, three and a half stories high, and contains five run of buhr-stones. The machinery is operated by water-power from the Cooper Hydraulic, and the firm employ five men. They do both merchant and custom work, and make about 6110 barrels of flour per week. This is sold mostly in Dayton and vicinity, and the remainder shipped to New York and Pennsylvania.
DAYTON VIEW HILLS.
These mills were erected about 1869, by ---- Tate, and was operated by Snyder Brothers & Co. for some time. It was finally disposed of at Sheriff's sale and passed into the hands of the present firm. C. B. Paliner & Co., October 19, 1881. The proprietors, C. B. Palmer and T. L. Boller. were formerly in the mill business at Lockland, Hamilton County. Ohio. They have lately refitted up the mill, and are making three good grades of flour. The mill structure is of frame. 35x65, three stories and basement. It contains four run of buhr-stones, and four sets of latest improved pattern of roll;. The mill is located on the Dayton View Hydraulic, and is run day aml night. by water-power. The firm grind wheat only, and make 170 barrels of flour each twenty-four hours. This product is sold in Dayton, Cincinnati. and the Now England States.
EXCHANGE MILL.
This mil', was formerly used as a gun-factory, but first put into operation as a grist-mill about 1850, by Conrad Rondenour & Brother. This firm disposed of the property to H. Gerdes & Co.. in 1865, E. H. Bruns. the present proprietor, being the "Co." This latter took possession in 1875, and enlarged the mill to its present proportions. It is now a large, three-story brick. 55x55 feet in size, and the machinery is operated by an overshot water-wheel, located to the rear of the mill, on the Upper Hydraulic. The firm employs six men. and the mill has a capacity of fifty barrels of flour per day, for ten months in the year. Mr. Bruns has about $10,000 invested in the business.
LUDLOW STAR MILLS.
These mills were commenced by Jost Durst in 1874. The structure is located at the south end of Ludlow street, and is a three-story brick building 40x100 feet in size, with a frame storeroom 40x100, two stories. The capital invested at first was something under $10,000, and the yearly capacity 10,000 barrels per year. Mr. Charles Durst. a son of the proprietor, now has charge of this mill, and there are about $25,000 invested in the business. with an average capacity of from sixty to seventy barrels per day.
OREGON MILLS.
These mills were built in 1833. Mr. Joseph Kratochwill. the present proprietor. established his present business in 1854, in a building opposite the Osceola Mills. Six years later, he removed his business to Trotwood, but after a few months returned to Dayton. In 1861, he came into possession of the present structure. and has been alone in business since 1864. The mills me located on the corner of Sixth and Canal streets, and is of brick and frame, 40 x 130, four stories and basement. The mills are furnished with only one run of buhr-stones, the remainder being sixty-four pair of rollers, of both local and foreign make. The machinery is operated by both water and steam power, an overshot and turbine wheel for the former, and an engine of 200 horse power for the latter. The firm employs twenty-eight men in the business, and their daily product is almost 500 barrels per day- this being the largest daily
CITY OF DAYTON. - 623
product in Montgomery County. This flour is sold mostly at Pittsburgh, Penn., and Washington, D. C. Mr. Kratochwill also owns the
OSCEOLA MILLS.
This structure was erected by L. and S. Wollaston, in 1858, and is a brick building 80x60, four stories and basement, fifty-two feet high in front, and the basement on the canal fourteen feet more. It was fitted up with three run of buhrs, two of which were in operation both day and night, making from sixty to seventy barrels of flour per day. They had one overshot wheel supplied with water from the Cooper Hydraulic. Mr. Wollaston disposed of his interest to T. A. Phillips, and the latter to a Mr. Sylvester Wollaston, who turned it over to its present owner. At present the mill is not in operation, but is being fitted up for storerooms.
PAPER
C. L. HAWS.
This gentleman is a manufacturer of straw and tar boards for bookbinders and box-makers. He established the business in partnership with William Clark, on the Mad River. seven miles from Dayton, in 1853, having an office in the city. They first manufactured straw boards and wrapping paper, and the mills had a capacity of about 400 tons per year. They remained in that location twelve years, and in 1864 purchased twenty acres of land in North Dayton, where the present mills were erected. William Clark was a full partner in the business, the firm name being Clark & Haws. It remained as such until January 1, 1872, when Mr. Haws purchased the entire stock and trade of the firm. The firm owns three mills-one makes binders, tar and cloth boards, while the other two turn out only straw board-each having a capacity of six tons per day. Four steam engines are required to run the powerful machinery in these mills-250, 150. 25 and 20 horse-power respectively. The boilers for the larger engine are three in number, each twenty-two feet long, and fifty four inches in diameter. This engine was made by the Buckeye Engine Company, of Salem. Ohio. A gas house is located near the mills, and generates all the gas used by this immense establishment. When Clark & Haws first startod this business, they made only 106 tons of paper the first year, and their sales for the same period were $5,500. The product for 1881 was 3,855 tons, being closed two months in the year, which if running full time would have increased this to 4,000 tons. The sales for the same time were $220,000, a self evident fact of the reward for toil, perseverance, and close study of the wants of the trade. Mr. Haws trade extends all over the Union and Canada, but mostly in the West. Orders are rapidly filled, requiring no traveling salesmen for the house, this item alone being a big saving in expenses. About 150 men find constant employment in these mills, and, as the city is too far away, have built themselves cottages near by, thus forming a happy and contented community of people. These are the only mills in the Union that manufacture all classes of bookbinder's and box-makers tar, cloth and straw board, and are the most extensive mills of this kind in the world. The capacity for 1882 will be eighteen tons per day.
MEAD PAPER COMPANY.
The paper mill owned and operated by this company was begun in 1846, by Ells, Claflin & Co., who erected a part of the present structure. They were succeeded in 1858 by Mead & Weston, and they in1866, by the Mead & Nixon Paper Company, which was incorporated in 1872, with a capital stock of $250,-
624 - HISTORY OF MONTGOMERY COUNTY.
000. These works have had in connection with them a chemical pulp machine, by which they made annually 2,000,000 pounds of wood p lp, and also a recovery furnace, eighty-two feet in length, for recovering the chemicals used in reducing the wood to pulp, there being only two other mills in the entire West having a pulp and recovering apparatus. In July, 1881, the firm name was changed to the Mead Paper Company, Thomas Nixon retiring and W. P. Levis assuming his place as manager and part owner of the mill. The new firm have erected an addition of 90x100, three stories high, on the north side of the original structure and adjoining the same. They have also remodeled the interior, added new machinery and repaired the old, until to-day this mill stands unrivaled in Ohio. The main building is of brick, 100x180, the front half of which is four stories in height; on the east are four one-storied boiler and storage rooms, three of which are brick, and on the south of the main structure is the old chemical wood pulp mill. 80x100, three stories high, which the firm intend fitting up the coming summer as an addition to the present paper mill, the company having discontinued the manufacture of chemical wood pulp. They employ 125 hands, and manufacture about 2,250,000 pounds of book, news, tea and other paper annually, which is sold entirely in the western markets. The driving power and its machinery is all on the first floor, also the office, some storerooms and the finishing room, 40x80; on the second floor are the rag paper engines, paper machines and rotary bleachers ; the third floor is used for assorting the rags, and the fourth for storing raw material. The machinery, which is complete in every particular, is propelled by both water and steam power. For this purpose the mill is supplied with two turbine water-wheels, one 300-horse-power engine, and one 100-horse-power engine. In passing through this mill the acute observer is forcibly struck by the thorough systematic and clock-like regularity which exists throughout every department, and is forced to the conclusion that here may be found a fitting example of intelligent, energetic and successful business enterprise of which Dayton may feel justly proud. The mill is located on Second and Front streets, and includes the office and salesroom.
RUTLEDGE & COMPANY.
This firm is composed of Mark and George Rutledge--father and son who own and operate a paper mill located on the Upper Hydraulic. The present business was inaugurated in 1844, by Ells & McGregor, in a small frame building on the present site of the mills. They continued the business till 1858, when they were succeeded by Ells & Claflin. Soon after, the property was purchased by Charles Mapother, who operated the mill one year, and then sold it to George Rutledge. In 1867, his father, Mark Rutledge, became a partner, and the business has since been carried on under the present firm name. In 1864, Mr. Rutledge erected a brick building, and additions were made to the mill in 1872 and 1880. It is now 130x110 feet in size, and two stories high. The firm manufacture wrapping paper only, and use about six tons of straw daily. Thirty-six men are employed in the mill, the machinery of which is run by water and steam power. Sales are made in wholesale and job lots, the greater part going to Cincinnati. This is probably the pioneer paper mill of Montgomery County.
THOMAS NIXON
This factory for the manufacture of paper bags, was established by Nixon & Co.---W. O. Anderson being the "Company '' in 1873, on Foundry street. The present firm came into possession of the stock and trade in 1816, and removed the mill to its present location, corner First and Mill streets, in 1879. The building formerly occupied was a three-story brick, 30x75 feet in size, quite a contrast to the present one which is of the same material, four stories high,
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PAGE 626 - BLANK
CITY OF DAYTON. - 627
and its dimensions 100x78 feet. The firm employs ten men and sixty girls, having an invested capital of $40,000, with annual sales amounting to $100,000, Their factory is supplied with all the latest improved machinery, giving them a capacity of 350, 000 bags per day. The paper used in these bags is made by their own mill at Richmond, Ind., and shipped to Dayton.
VALLEY CITY PAPER MILL.
This mill, which is one of the most complete in the State, was erected by W. P. Levis in 1871. It is a substantial brick structure, 100x50 feet in size, with smaller buildings attached, located on the corner of Water and Foundry streets. They employ twenty-seven men in the mill, the machinery of which is propelled by power supplied from a 125 horse-power engine. The product of this mill is sold Mostly in the central and southern portions of the Union.
OIL
GEBHART, POPE & COMPANY.
The business of this firm was established in 1832, by Parrott & Clegg, who was succeeded by Parrott & Son, and they, in 1866, by the present firm. They have always occupied the same building on the canal, between Third and Fourth streets. It is a three story brick, 57x72, and was formerly used as a cotton mill. They employ twelve men, with occasional additions, as business demands. They buy and ship their flax seed from Indiana and Kansas. They have about $100,000 invested in the business. and produce annually about 200,000 gallons of linseed oil.
JOSIAH GEBHART & COMPANY.
This company own the white lead works, which are located on the corner of Second and Front streets. The business was established in 1880, by Josiah Gebhart, D. Calvin Floyd and Charles W. Gebhart, under the present firm name. The main building, which was formerly used as a bagging factory in the manufacture of bagging used for covering cotton, is of brick, 50X100 feet in size, two stories high. The firm manufacture white lead and colors, making about 1,000 tons of the former per annum. Some twenty men are employed in the works, and one traveling salesman on the road. The machinery for these works was made by Pool & Hunt. of Baltimore. expressly for this firm, at a cost over $30,000. The machinery is propelled by a 50-horse-power engine. As this is the only manufactory of this kind in Montgomery County, and a business of which very little is known, probably the process of making will be interesting to our many readers. The pig lead is purchased in St. Louis, Mo., and Galena and Chicago, Ill. The pig lead is first placed in a large kettle, located over a hot furnace, and heated till thoroughly melted. It is then dipped by a ladle and placed on a flat iron surface. where it is made into "buckles" somewhat resembling an old fashioned waffle. The buckles are then carried to the corroding houses and placed in stone jars, each capable of holding twelve and a half pounds of lead. These jars are placed in tiers, and the space between filled with tan bark and manure. After some days, it is taken out in a Corroded form and drawn to the top of the building on an inclined plane. It is then placed in a separator, which separates the blue from the corroded lead. From the separator it drops to a machine on the floor below where it is screened, then placed in the receivers and from there to another machine on the first or ground floor. where it is ground in water. It is then pumped up in large settling tanks, the water drawn off ; and the pulpy mass then placed in large copper kilns for drying. There are two kilns used, one 8X80 feet in size, ten
628 - HISTORY OF MONTGOMERY COUNTY.
inches deep-the other 8x40 feet in size--both costing over $4,000; while in the kilns, the lead is separated by a large rake into small cakes, for faster drying. These cakes are then placed in a large machine, circular in form. linseed oil added and thoroughly mixed. It then drops through a long tube to another mother machine, where the mixing process is completed. From this machine it is placed in kegs, headed up and consigned to the cellar, ready for shipment. The lead is placed in tin and wooden kegs, weighing from twelve and a half to 1,000 pounds. There are eight mills used for mixing ochors and venetian reds which, after prepared for use, are put into iron buckets and placed beside the lead, ready for shipment. The kegs used by this company are made in Pennsylvania and Cincinnati, expressly for the business. The trade of the firm is very large, extending all over the Union, and their orders are so numerous and large as to keep the mills busy continually.
THE DAYTON FLAX MILL.
This business was founded in 1865, by E. D. Payne, as the Dayton Flax Company (successor to the old "Dayton Flax Company"), on the corner of First and Front streets, on the Upper Hydraulic. The mill was a two-story building, 80x64, with a large building of wood and brick for storing straw attached. Business proved very successful for nine years. Mr. Pavuo then closed the mill and purchased an interest in the Woodsum Machine Company. but two years later resurrected the old business as the Excelsior Flax Mills. It. was operated as such till August, 1881, when the name was changed to its present one. The same year Mr. Payne added a building, 40x40, two stories, to be used as a corn, hominy and feed mill. The flax mill is furnished with Sanford Mallory's brakes, and other machinery of the best make. The mill manufactures tow and flax moss. Straw is obtained from the farmers in the vicinity of Dayton. The feed mill is provided with a Sheller. French buhr-stone, hominy mill and feed crusher. About 4110 tons of tow are annually manufactured in the flax mill.
THRESHER & COMPANY.
This firm are manufacturers of varnishes, japans and boiled linseed oils; also dealers in linseed oil. The business was established in 1859, by E. Thresher & Co., who were succeeded by the present company in 1874. The members of the firm are J. B., E. M. &Albert Thresher. Their varnish factory is located out of the city. but the company have had an office and salesroom at 135 East Third street, since the founding of the trade. This if one Of the pioneer varnish companies of Montgomery County. and they have succeeded in building up a trade equal in volume to that of any company in the West. They manufacture goods of the best quality, and sell their products all over the Union.
TOWER VARNISH COMPANY.
This business was founded, January ?1, 1868, by Charles F. Tower, formerly with the Thresher Varnish and Oil Company. On the date above mentioned, a company was formed, the incorporators being Charles F. Tower, William G. Lewis. Charles H. Ham, James D. Sturgis and Joseph B. Lewis. The capital stock was $50,000. The company was given its present came and soon after purchased a piece of ground at 1250 East First street, 60 x 145 in size, erected buildings thereon, and commenced the manufacture of varnish, japans and boiled oils. This company operated the business about a year, and were succeeded by Gebhart, Pope & Co., and they by W. K. Eckert, who disposed of the business to the present firm in 1878. The officers of the company are the salve as when first organized --- President, Charles F. Tower; Vice President, Joseph Gebhart. The company formerly did a business of
CITY OF DAYTON - 629
$200,000 annually. Some years ago, Mr. Tower discontinued the boiling and handling of oils, and since that time has manufactured chiefly Tower's linseed oil drier. a liquid preparation for the drying of oils; and was the originator in the manufacture of this commodity for the use of crushers. As such, they supply the principal oil trade, and nead no traveling salesmen, yet one is kept on the road for the introduction of the drier and their varnishes. Three men are employed in the mill. and one bookkeeper and clerk. The firm use 100 to 150 barrels of turpentine per month, and make about 1,000 barrels of the drier annually.
WOOD, ARCHER & CO.
The mill owned by this firm was started by Clegg & Wood, as a linseed oil mill, in 1863. In 1874, the firm name was changed to Clegg, Wood & Co., and. soon after, they commenced the manufacture of hay-rakes. The present firm came into possession of the business in 1880. They occupy a three-story crick, 175x75, located on the canal, near the head of Fourth street. The firm employ twelve, men. and consume annually about 100,000 bushels of seed. Their annual product is nearly 200,000 gallons. Among their machinery are patent boxes and presses. the invention of Mr. Archer, and which are used in about fifteen oil mills throughout the union. The oil-cake is shipped to Europe, where it is used as food for cattle, etc. This oil enterprise is the Out growth of an oil mill business founded by Joseph Clegg in 1833, but not an immediate successor thereto. The hay-rakes formerly made by this firm are now manufactured on a royalty by other firms. both in New York and Illinois.
M. N. WHEATON & Co.
Tho above-named firm commenced the manufacture of cotton-batting in the fail of 1870, in a three-story brick building, 50x100, on the corner of First a and St. Clair streets. An investment of $6,000 was sufficient to carry on the business at first, but the increase in trade and the important additions made to the machinery department, has increased the value to $30,000. This machinery is of the bast-improved pattern. One of these is a machine for folding bats, which Was originated by Mr. Wheaton: but his idea was stolen by a visiting member of the trade. and patented before the inventor could rectify the injury. The firm employs twelve hands and manufactures 1,500 pounds of bats per day of ten hours. The machinery is propelled by a fifteen-horse power engine.
T. A. PHILLIPS & SON.
These works are the pioneer cotton mills of the Valley City. They were originated by Eastern capitalists, among whom were Robert Buchanan. William and Josh York. John T. Levis and George Graham, the latter being the Cincinnati philanthropist. whose death was so deeply lamented, and memory heaped with honors by the people of his native city. The works wero erected about 1833. and passed into the possession of T. A. Phillips in May, 1844. The mill is a four-story brick, 45x110, built in a most substantial manner. It is fitted up with 3,500 spindles and other machinery in proportion. Cotton is purchased in Cincinnati, and from 100 to 200 bales are kept constantly on. hand. Some twenty-five bales are used weekly in the manufacture of carpet warp, white and colored, light and heavy twine, lamp wick, single yarn. etc.In addition to the main building, there is a wing, engine, ware and dye-homes. The propelling power for the machinery is obtained from a twenty foot overshot water-wheel, located on the Cooper Hydraulic. Sales are made mostly in Ohio and Indiana The company was incorporated in 1874. with a capital of $80,000. The senior member of the
630 - HISTORY OF MONTGOMERY COUNTY.
firm is now deceased, but his son, Charles A., continues the business tinder the old firm name.
DAYTON WOOLEN MILLS
The business operated under the above name was founded in 1860, by -- Curtis. on the corner of Fifth and Canal streets. This firm was succeeded b y Curtis & Fish, who, in 1872, removed the mills to the south end of Ludlow street. adjoining Stout, Mills & Temple. The next purchasers of the mills were Faulkner & Co., who continued the business until May, 1879, when the present proprietors, J. H. & James S. Wild, took possession under the firm name of J. H. Wild & Co In March, 1881, the mills were removed to 326 East First street, now occupying three floors in the southeast wing of the old Goodwin Hotel, owned by Pinneo & Daniels. The firm employ ten hands in the mills, and manufacture all kinds of yarns, blankets, flannels. cassimeres, satinets and jeans. Sales average $20,000 per annum. but for this year (1882), the capacity of the mills will be increased to such an extent as to manufacture a larger amount of goods than formerly turned out. A market for the production of these mills is found in local trade, Ohio and the neighboring States. Mr. J. H. Wild has the personal supervision of the mills.
BREWERIES AND MALTSTERS.
CITY BREWERY.
This brewery is owned and operated by Jacob Stickle, and is located at the junction of Brown and Warren streets. The brewery was erected by Henry Ferneding in 1859. After passing through several hands, in 1868 it was put up at public sale, and purchased by its present proprietor. The building at that time was of brick, two stories high, and 54x150 feet in size. It remained as such until the summer of 1881, when Mr. Stickle enlarged it to its present dimensions at a cost of $8,000. It it now three and a half stories high, and fitted up with all the latest and best appliances for the manufacture of this cooling beverage. The ice houses in connection have a storing capacity of 2.000 tons, and the beer cellars of 3,000 barrels. The first vear in the business Mr. Stickle made 4,000 barrels of beer, but has increased his trade to 7,000 barrels annually. The making of this large amount requires ten men. and several teams for delivery. The beer is sold in Dayton and vicinity. The business of this firm is in charge of William Stickle, son of the proprietor. The business runs about $60,000 annually.
DAYTON VIEW BREWERY.
This important feature of the industrial enterprises of Dayton is owned by Colestine Schwind. The business was founded many years ago, and by careful management, closest attention to every detail of the business, Mr. Schwind has increased his trade from a modest beginning to its present large proportions. The main building, or brewery proper, is 80x70, two stories and a cellar; two ice houses, one 60x60 and the other 50x56, capable of storing 5,000 tons of ice (three years' supply), one double malt kiln, 18x24. all of which are constructed of brick, and fitted up with every convenience for the carrying on of the immense business operated by this firm. A brief description of the interior arrangements of this brewery will. perhaps, be interesting. On the second story, and just over the malting cellars, are the hops and barley rooms. Above the malt is carefully stored away, according to age. The kiln furnace is back and down upon the cellar floor; the kiln itself over the furnace and running up through two floors. In the adjoining room is the great sixty-two barrel copper kettle; below is the mash room and engine. To the rear of this,
CITY OF DAYTON. - 631
on the second floor, are the coolers, all conveniently arranged, kept perfectly clean and in order at all hours. The ice houses are to the west; beneath them are the beer cellars and fermenting rooms. The stables and yard are back of all. extending to the river bank. The water supply is taken from wells sunk under the brewery, and down below the bed of the Miami River. The proprietor is justly proud of the reputation "Schwind's beer" has acquired, and to sustain it will not allow a gallon to pass into the bands of the tapster that is not fully up to the standard. The rule at the brewery is, " a place for every thing, and everything in its place." All utensils and machinery are kept scrupulously clean. Material used is first cleaned or purified, and a year's supply of everything kept on hand. Mr. Schwind made 10,000 barrels of beer in 1880 - 81, but has increased his capacity to 1,500 barrels. Mr. Edmund Schwind is the genial foreman, and Louie Schwind the efficient business manager.
HYDRAULIC BREWERY.
This business was established previous to the civil war, by John Wager, on the site of an old sawmill, on the Upper Hydraulic. Mr. Wager continued the business until 1870, when Henry Ferneding & Son purchased it. They were succeeded by Metz & Go.; Metz & Brown; the latter by Antoine Brown, and after the latter's death, the business passed into the hands of the present proprietors, N. Thomas & Co. This was October 9, 1880. The brewery is 40 x80, two stories, with cellars capable of storing 2,000 barrels. George Weddle. the "Co." of the firm is a brewer by trade, and has charge of the business. Six men are employed in the brewery, and two teams engaged in delivering the beer. which is all sold in Dayton or vicinity.
THIRD STREET BREWERY.
This business as founded in 1861, by Frederick Euchenhofer, at its present location, 1513 East Third street. The brewery is of brick, 70x75, two stories and cellars. Three cellars separated from the main building, are used to store the product of this brewery, capable of storing 1,200 barrels. Over 3,500 barrels of beer are made annually, the greater part supplying home consumption. Mr. Euchanhofer although quite aged. still gives his personal time and atten tion to the business. He is ably msisted by his sons and others, making in all seven men. Two teams are used in the business. The annual trade exceeds $25,000.
WAYNE STREET BREWERY.
This is the pioneer lager beer brewery of Montgomery County, . and was erected in 1852, by John and Michael Schiml, on the corner of Hickory and Wayne streets. its present location. Six years later, the senior brother died, and Michael has since conducted the business. Here Mr. Schiml made the first lager beer brewed in this county, the stock yeast necessary for making the same having been brought from Boston, Mass. The brewery was then 28 x 50 feet in size, two stories high: but through the passing years improvements were made upon it. In July, 1881, a fire destroyed a stable and contents, including four horses, roof of ice house, and over 3,000 bushels of malt. Mr. Schiml soon after enlarged the buildings, at a cost of $8,000. The brewery is now 38x140. three stories high, with an ice house in connection capable of storing 1,500 tons of ice, both buildings of brick, with cellars underneath. When first started, the brothers made about 1,200 barrels per ,year, but in the season of 1879-80 this brewery turned out 4.400 barrels of first-class lager beer, but on account of the fire, the product for 1880-81 fell short, but their capacity is now double that of previous years. The annual sales are about $35,000. Ten men are employed. and two teams, and the business is under the personal supervision of Mr. Schiml and his two sons. L. Hoffer being the foreman.
632 - HISTORY OF MONTGOMERY COUNTY.
W. SILZEL & Co.
This firm is composed of Washington Silzel and Henry H. Lanbach. Their business, manufacturers of malt. The trade was inaugurated in 1858, by Mundy, Worman & Co., at 628 South Main street, where they continued the business ten years. Mr. Silzel had charge of the business until 1878, at which date the present firm was formed. They occupy a brick structure 127x 42, three stories, and have a capacity of 40,000 bushels per year. They own and operate a branch establishment at Troy, Ohio, of the same capacity..The greater part of their trade is found at Cincinnati, Louisville and Sandusky, besides supplying home consumption, and do an annual business in their Dayton house of about $50,000.
H. FERNEDING & SON.
The senior member of this firm began business in 1843, in partnership with John C. Ferneding and W. Otten, under the name of Ferneding & Co. Their brewery was on the site of the present malt-house on Kenton street, and was known as the City Brewery. In 1847, Mr. Otten died, and the Ferneding Brothers carried on the business until 1851, in which year John C. Ferneding died, and Henry was left alone in the business. In 1852, B. Hollencamp became a partner, and in 1854 the firm bought the Xenia Brewery at Xenia, Ohio, Mr. Ferneding selling his interest in that house in 1857 to Hollencamp.
In 1859, Mr. Ferneding erected the brewery now owned by Jacob Stickie, and quit brewing at the old stand, transferring the name to the new establishment, by which it is yet known. In 1862, he sold this brewery, and for some years subsequently was engaged in manufacturing flour, first in the old Pease Mill, which Ferneding, Mause & Co. rented, and operated about three years, when Ferneding & Mouse purchased the Hydraulic Flour Mill, which they run many years. In 1870, Ferneding & Son bought the Hydraulic Brewery, which they operated a short period, then became the "Co." in the same house, under the firm name of Metz, & Co., which was succeeded by. Metz & Brown, Mr. Ferneding and son retiring permanently from the brewing business. This firm have always had a malt house on Kenton street, and in 1850 Mr. F. erected a malt house on the site of the old Riddle Brewery on St. Clair street, both of which are yet owned and operated by Ferneding & Son. They employ eight men, and have a capacity of about 60,000 bushels per season.
DAYTON DISTILLING COMPANY.
The original owners and proprietors of this establishment were Arnold & Harshman, who erected and run the distillery for several years, but who failed in business during the panic of 1873. The works remained idle until 1878, when they were again put in operation by F. A. Shwill. who carried on business about one year, when he quit distilling. In February, 1882, the present company began business, having previously remodeled the interior, repairing the old machinery and adding new, having now a capacity of 300 bushels per day. The distillery is a three-story frame structure, with a one-story frame engine house adjoining. The office, cistern room and warehouse are in a story and a half brick building. close to the distillery, and the firm employ seven men, besides a superintendent and clerk. There are two storekeepers and a guager connected with the works, and the proprietors are Herancourt & Moser, of Cincinnati.
MARBLE AND STONE WORKS.
IRA CRAWFORD.
The granite and marble works owned and operated by this gentleman is located on Wilkinson street, north side of Union Depot, where hr has a frame building 20x80 feet, two stories big h, which is used for the office, drafting
CITY OF DAYTON. - 633
room, sales-room and work-shop. His lot is 105 feet square, and on the north of the main building is a limestone shed 20x30 feet, in which the heavier and rougher work is done. Mr. Crawford is a native of Dayton, has been in the marble trade for a number of years, and is well known throughout this portion of Ohio as an energetic and honorable business man. He is an importer and manufacturer of Scotch and American granite monuments, and does all classes of first-class monumental and cemetery work.
CARPENTER & RAYMOND.
This firm came to Dayton from Cambridge City, Ind., in 1876, and opened an office and salesroom on Ludlow street, its present location. The matter given to us by the senior member of this firm was greatly exaggerated, being a more advertisment, and we have therefore omitted it from this article as not coming under the head of reliable history.
THOMAS STANILAND.
We next introduce the Dayton Marble and Granite Works. The business was established in 1860, by H. Houghtelin, on the present site of the works. 225 and 227 South Main street. In 1865, Thomas Staniland was admitted as a partner, and the firm name changed to Houghtelin & Staniland. This firm continued business until the decease of Mr. Houghtelin in 1873. In 1875, Ira Crawford bought a half interest in the business, and the firm name was changed to Staniland & Crawford. This house does monumental work in all kinds of marble and granite, and handle all sorts of marble, both foreign and domestic. Their granite work is all done at the quarries, except the lettering. The firm employ twelve men, and enjoy a trade amounting to $30,000 annually. Two traveling salesmen are employed, and these works have the special agency of the dark Columbia marble from Rutland, Vt. Mr. Staniland designs all the work, and has the personal supervision of the same. Mr. Crawford retired from the firm in December 1881, and Mr. Staniland con tinues the business alone.
STEAM STONE WORKS.
This business was commenced in 1868, by John Webber and George Lehman. They operated it one year, and were succeeded by the Webber & Lehman Stone and Marble Company, which was incorporated that year (1869). This company carried on the business till 1872, when an assignment was made. Webber & Huffman purchased the stock, and continued the business till February, 1874, when Mr. Webber died. In 1875, Mr. Huffman disposed of his interest to S. T. Bryce and Lewis H. Webber, who had been carrying on a like business on Wilkinson street, near Union Depot. This purchase placed both yards in the hands of this firm until 1879, when Mr. Bryce retired from the firm, taking the Wilkinson street yard to operate alone. He soon after quit the business, and Mr. Webber became sole owner of the entire stock and trade. The main works are located on Jefferson street, near Warren, where three acres of land are almost entirely covered by building and apparatus. Here he runs four gangs of saws. The Wilkinson street yard covers an acre of ground, and operates two gangs of saws. Employ an average of eighty men in the business, and use three teams in hauling dressed stone. Mr. Webber uses mostly Dayton stone, but large quantities of Amherst and Berea stone from Northern Ohio, and Buena Vista Freestone, from the Ohio River, are also used. He does all kinds of cut-stone work. During 1881, furnished the cut stone for the Third Street Presbyterian Church, Firemen's Insurance Company's building, P. H. Lafee's residence, and Montgomery County Court House, at Dayton, Farmer's Bank at Greenfield, and numerous smaller jobs. He also cuts monumental bases for marble firms in all parts of the Union. During 1881, his trade amounted to about $65,000.
634 - HISTORY OF MONTGOMERY COUNTY.
TOBACCO DEALERS AND MANUFACTURERS.
A. H. NIXON & SONS.
This firm are wholesale dealers in and packers of leaf tobacco. The business was established at Carrollton, this county, in 1852, by A. H. Nixon. In the spring of 1857, he removed the business to Dayton, locating on the corner of First and St. Clair streets. He remained there eight years, and during this time started the first tobacco cutter, now the Pease & Co. cutting machine. In 1865, he removed to the Smith (now Dickey) Block, where he was engaged in business ten years. In 1875, be took possession of his present quarters, corner of First and Canal streets. Mr. Nixon commenced buying; tobacco in connection with a New York house, purchasing 1,200 cases of the crop of 1851. Since then he has steadily increased his business, now purchasing tobacco in Wisconsin, Pennsylvania, Ohio, Connecticut, Massachusetts, and are also dealers in Havana tobacco. The tobacco is shipped to Dayton, sorted in its different grades, put through the " sweating" process, and sold to cigar manufacturers and jobbers. The firm is composed of A. H. Nixon and his sons, Miles G. and Andrew C.
COTTERILL, FENNER & CO.
The business now operated by this firm as the North Star Tobacco Works was established by S. T. Cotterill and A. C. Fenner. in 1866, under the firm name of Cotterrill & Fenner, locating on East Third street, in the rear of the old " Pease Mill." A. C. Marshall was admitted in 1868, and name changed to Cotterill, Fenner & Co. They remained there in business till 1870, and then removed to the Beaver & Butt building, corner of Fourth and St. Clair streets. Four years later, they came into possession of their present works on Second, between Jefferson and St. Clair streets. They occupy a four-story brick structure 80 x 200. The cellar is used for a stock room and casing factory; the ground floor for manufacturing, shipping and office purposes; the floors above are also used for manufacturing purposes. This has been one of the enterprising and successful manufacturing industries of the Valley City. The first year's sales hardly amounted to $20,0(_10, while at present they aggregate over half a million. They manufacture fifteen different brands of tobacco, one of which, the "North Star Fine-Cut." is known all over the Union. This firm employ eighty-five hands in the factory, and have two traveling salesmen on the road. Mr. Marshall, the "Co." of the firm, has charge of the corresponding and office work. Mr. Cotterill of the manufacturing department, and Mr. Fenner superintends the purchasing and shipping branch of the business.
JAMES P. WOLF.
This gentleman is a wholesale dealer in leaf tobacco, and is located at 333 East First street. The business was inaugurated in 1863. by J. P. Wolf & Co., the brother of the present proprietor forming the " Co." The firm manufactured all kinds of tobacco until 1868, and then made and dealt in fine-cut only until 1873. In 1874, they handled 13,000 cases of leaf tobacco. the purchasing of which required $403,000. The firm occupy a three.-story brick structure, 184x33, capable of storing 6,000 cases of tobacco. Mr. Wolf buys Ohio tobacco from the growers direct. " sweats " and sorts it, and ships the same to Bremen and other foreign ports, the greater part of his trade lying beyond the Atlantic Ocean. He employs an average of sixteen men. handles 500 cases of tobacco annually, with sales aggregating $150,000.
CITY OF DAYTON. - 635
CRACKER MANUFACTURERS.
A. L BAUMAN.
This gentleman is the proprietor of an extensive cracker factory located on West Third street. The business was established September 1, 1877. A three-story brick factory was erected, 23x80 feet in size, and six men employed. In a Short time the crackers made by this firm began to find a ready sale on the market, and Mr. Bauman was forced to erect a wing to his factory, 22x80, on the west side, and subsequently one on the east side, of the same dimensions. The factory is fitted up with double sets of the latest and best cracker machinery, and two ovens are kept constantly in motion throughout the day, baking over seventy-five barrels of flour, in cracker form, each ten hours. Mr. B. manufactures all kinds of crackers and sweet goods, finding a sale for them throughout Ohio and Indiana. Some twenty-two men are employed in the factory, and three traveling salesmen are kept constantly on the road. Mr Bauman has the personal supervision of the factory, the annual sales of which amount to $100,000.
H. & T. WYATT.
This firm manufacture crackers at 138 East Second street, and are the proprietors of the pioneer cracker factory of Montgomery County. The trade was inaugurated by Hiram Wyatt, in 1834. He first located on East Third street. but in 1849, removed to East Second street, where, ten years later, (1859) T. Wyatt became a partner in the business, under the present firm name. In 1876, the firm removed their factory to its present location, where they occupy a four-story brick structure, 40x156 feet in size. They have a mechanical oven. and make a full line of crackers, biscuits and sweet goods. Their facilities for manufacturing are so complete that they can safely compete with the larger factories in the great cities. They employ about ten men in their factory, and their trade extends throughout the whole State of Ohio. Their machinery is run by steam, and is of the best make. The annual trade of this firm exceeds $40,000 per annum.
HEATHMAN'S CRACKER FACTORY.
This business was founded November 20, 1869, by C. W. Nickum and George W. Heathman. The firm remained as such until September, 1872, when Elias Heathman was admitted as a partner, and the firm name changed to G. W. Heathman & Co. The business was first located on Main street, near the Journal office. Soon after, they erected a frame bakery on Second, between Jefferson and St. Clair streets. Five years later, they purchased a lot on the northwest corner of Second and St. Clair streets, and erected a three-story and basement brick, 50x73, where business has since been carried on. They have one oven, containing ten pans, and cracker machinery of the best pattern, which is propelled by a sixteen-horse-power engine. Sixteen men are employed in the factory, and two traveling salesmen on the road. The firm have a capacity of forty-five barrels per day, making all grades of crackers. They also manufacture self-rising buckwheat flour, making 1,000 barrels per season. It is put up in two and four pound packages. The annual sales of this firm are abort $100.000,
MISCELLANEOUS.
CRUME & SEFTON MANUFACTURING COMPANY.
This enterprise stands alone among the other industries of the Valley City, being the only one of its kind in the United States. As such it deserves more than the average factory. The business was established in April, 1877, by Aulabaugh, Crume & Co., with the factory located in the Beaver & Butt Building, corner of Fourth and St. Clair streets. The business was carried on there
636 - HISTORY OF MONTGOMERY COUNTY.
until 1879, when it was removed to its present location, corner of Zeigler and South Main streets. The building occupied is a two and a half story frame, 100x40, with an L 40x100. The firm manufacture wooden and paper butter plates, waterproof paper, oyster and berry pails, confectionery and folding ice cream boxes. A slight review of the manufacturing process will be interesting. The woods used in this business, sycamore, elm, linn and gum, are obtained in the swamps of Montgomery and Darke Counties. It is shipped to the factory, cut up in blocks about eighteen inches long, and placed in boxes, where it is allowed to steam twenty-four hours. After steaming, it is taken from the boxes. put in a rotary machine, and three pieces of wood, of different width almost as thin as a knife blade. These pieces of wood are wound around a piece of iron, and next placed in an intricate piece of machinery, made expressly for this firm, which turns out the butter plates at a most amazing rate of speed. The paper pails are also folded by machines constructed for this company. This machinery is operated by a forty-horse-power engine. Over one hundred and fifty hands are employed in this factory, the annual productions of which are $180,000.
DAYTON LEATHER AND COLLAR COMPANY.
The business now operated by this company was founded by Haas & Mitchell in 1853. They located a salesroom and collar factory on Third street, and purchased a tannery of Edmundson, which they have since owned. The firm remained in this location until 1870, when Mr. Mitchell bought out Haas' interest and continued the business alone. In 1872, the company was organized into a joint-stock company, and incorporated under the laws of the State, with a capital stock of $80,000. Patterson Mitchell was made President, and C. N. Mitchell Secretary and Treasurer. In 1873, the company took possession of their present quarters. They now occupy a four-story brick, 25x115 feet in size the three upper floors being used for manufacturing and storage purposes. The ground floor is used for an office and salesroom. To the rear of this building is the collar factory, a frame structure, where the collars are stuffed. Thirty-five men are employed in these two buildings, and turn out an average of about one thousand collars per week. The tannery was erected over seventy years ago, but since rebuilt, and is of brick, four stories, 75x100, located on Spratt, between First and Second streets. Over eighty vats and pools for tanning purposes are used in the building, and about four hundred cords of tan bark per annum. Twelve men find constant employment in this branch of the business. The firm make horse collars, harness, collar and kip leather, team and buggy leather, fly nets, and are extensive dealers in trunks, valises, fur robes and blankets. Their trade extends from New York to Kansas, a large portion of the sales being made in Missouri. When Mr. Mitchell first started the business, the annual trade was about $30,000; but at present the annual sales of the company exceed $100,000. Mr. Mitchell has the personal supervision of this extensive business, and is ably assisted by his sons, C. N. and W. H. The number of horse collars made by this company will average over fifty thousand per annum.
EDWARD CANBY.
This firm are spice grinders, coffee roasters and manufacturers of baking powders. The business was begun by Mr. Canby in 1875, locating at 302 West Water street, in a brick building, twenty-five feet front. He first commenced the roasting of coffees and grinding spices; and a year later began the manufacture of baking powder. Three years after starting in business, his trade had increased to such an extent as to necessitate more room He therefore leased the whole building, a part of which he had formerly occupied,
CITY OF DAYTON. - 637
making 125 feet frontage in use. In November, 1819, he removed to his present location, 35 to 41 Mill street, where he occupies a two-storied and basement brick structure, 65x75 feet in size, and does a business amounting to about $150,000 per annum. When first commencing, he employed five men; his employes now number twenty-one, including five traveling salesmen. His principal brand of baking powder is called the "Silver Star," and is sold extensively throughout the Central States. The coffee roasters in this establishment are three in number, with a capacity of 4,500 pounds per day. The entire business is under the personal supervision of the proprietor.