HISTORY OF MUSKINGUM COUNTY - 251 Charles L. Moore, A. H. Watts. Woolen Mill, Zanesville Woolen Manufacturing Company. The list here presented is an exhibit of the prominent business institutions of all classes in 1886-87. Agricultural Implements, Thomas C. Berkshire, Brown Mfg. Co., I. N. Clossman, Fillmore, Cassel & Co., E. E. Fillmore & Co., Kelley & Lumb, Thomas W. Lewis, James T. Orr. Bakers, Charles Albert, J. T. Balinger, J. & L. Blankenbuhler, John N. Earhart, Christopher Ehrman, F. E. Goodhart, Walter E. Lowry, Petit & Strait, Mrs. Wm. Snell, C. Stolzenbach & Son. Banks, The Citizens' National Bank; The First National Bank, The Home Building & Savings Co., The Union Bank, The Zanesville Batik. Blanket Manufacturers, Zanesville Woolen Mnfg. Co. Blast Furnace, Zanesville Blast Furnace, Ohio Iron Co. Blast Furnace Machinery Manufacturers—F. J. L. Mandy. Boots and Shoes (Wholesale), Henry C. Werner. Boots and Shoes (Retail), Charles H. Brendel, John W. Conrade, D. Dugan, John Fye & Sons, George M. Gerling, Hunter & Welty, G. F. Kappes, Knoedler & Zinsmeister, Christian Koenig, John Kreuter, John Lusby, C. Merkert, Joseph Musselman, John Rait, George P. Roll, J. J. Roll, Wm. N. Werner. Brass Foundries, Charles Dockray, The Black Diamond Mnfg. Co. Brick Manufacturers, W. B. Harris & Bros., The Oakland Press Brick Co., T. B. Townsend & Co. Broom Manufacture, Zanesville Broom Works (U. S. & S. C. Rogers, proprietors). Buckwheat Flour, Edward Johnson. Builders' Hardware, Samuel B. Clark, Curtis & Co., Thomas Drake. Building Companies, The Home Building and Savings Co., The Homestead Building and Savings Co., The Mechanics' Building Co. Brewers, Sebastian Bohn, Red Star Brewery, J. A. Brenner & Co., The Merkle Brewery, Washington Brewery (Zinsmeister & Linser, proprietors). Building Paper, C. J. Brenholtz. Building Sand, The Oakland Press Brick Co. Building Stone, E. M. Ayers, John N. Steiner, T. B. Townend & Co. Carriage Manufacturers, J. L. Christ, George W. Coon, Duerr & Schuman, Hoffman Bros. & Co., Huff & Moore, A. J. Hughes, Peter Keck, Mader Bros., Davis Palmer, Charles H. Powell, P. C. Schubach. Clothing, Boston One Price Clothing House, C. T. Clossman, Volne.y Day, B. S. Dryfus & Co., W. Dryfus & Son, Golden Eagle Clothing Co. Moses Meyer, Louis Steinfield, Samuel Wolfson. Coal, Jacob Bibler, George G: Butler, D. J. Downerd & Son, England Bros., Michael L. Fisher, John German, H. L. Greiner, E. Harper, James G. Manley, James Owens, W. T. Perry, W. J. Ruddock, Benjamin Wheeler. Coffins and Caskets, The Muskingum Coffin Co. Coopers, John H. Basehart, Jacob Woerbach. Cordage Manufacturers, Hooven & Allison. Cracker Manufacturers, Petit & Strait, C. Stolzenbach. & Son. Crockery and Glassware, Blake Bros. & Co., Henry Lentz & Co., Thomas E. ,Richards. Cultivator Manufacturers, Brown Mfg. Co. Electric Light Co, Zanesville Electric Light Co. Elevators and Hoisting Machines, William H. Allen, Griffith & Wedge Co. Feed Mill, Star Mill ( McCarty & Adams, proprietors.) Fire Clay, E. M. Ayers, J. Downerd & Son, The Oakland Press Brick Co. Fire Fronts, D. Hatton & Sons, Jones & Abbott, A. Laird, The Shinnick, Woodside & Gibbons Mfg. Co. Flouring Mills, Edward Johnson, Pataskala Mills (Hook Bros & Aston, proprietors.,) Pearl Flour Mills, Beaumont, & Blankenbuhler, West Side Flouring Mills, Drone & Co. Foundries, Fred J. L. Blandy, Griffith &Wedge Co. D. Hatton & Sons, Jones & Abbott, The Duvall Engine Co., The Shinnick, Woodside & Gibbons Mfg. Co., Zane Foundry ( A. Laird, proprietor.) Galvanized Iron Cornice Manufacturers, Schmid & Snyder. Gas Company, Zanesville Gas-Light and Coke Co. Gas and Steam Fitters, Charles H. Haas, LeRoy & Stemm, August Roekel, Sunkel & Heckmann. Glass Manufacturers, G. W. Kearns & Co., The Kearns, Gorsuch Glass Co. Gloves, Wholesale, John Galigher, J. O. Wilhelm & Co. Glue Manufacturers, Arndt, Herman & Son. Grist Mill Manufacturers, Fred J. L. Blandy: Grocers Wholesale, Harper & Cosgrove, N. S. McBee, John W. Pinkerton & Co.. Wheeler Stevens, P. Wiles & Sons. Hardware, Wholesale, Fillmore, Cassel & Co. Retail, Thomas C. Berkshire, I. N. Clossman, Fillmore, Casel & Co., E. E. Fillmore & Co., W. B. Harris & Bros., Kelly & Lumb, Thomas W. Lewis, Willis F. Lumb, James F. Orr. Hard Wood Finishers, H. T. Barnell, Thomas W. Halpin. Hats and Caps, Wholesale, John Galigher, J. O. Wilhelm & Co. Hotels, Arlington Hotel, (W. Hardesty, proprietor), Cain Hotel, Clarendon. Hotel (Swart Bros., proprietors), Clifton House ( Gibson & Palmer, proprietors), Franklin House ( Andrew Gille, proprietor), Grand Hotel, Kirk House (William Kirk, proprietor), St: Charles Hotel (Albert Rogge, proprietor), Iron Manufacturers, Ohio Iron Co. Lumber Dealers, Samuel W. Clark, Curtis & Co., Thomas Drake, Herdman, Harris & Co., W., E. Israel. Mantels and Grates; Curtis & Co., A. Laird, Thomas W. Lewis, Schmid & Snyder. Marble Works, Samuel G. McBride, Mitchell .& Baldwin, L. A. Moore, Edward O'Donnell; William C. Townsend. Mining Machinery Manufacturers. 252 - HISTORY OF MUSKINGUM COUNTY. Griffith & Wedge. Co. Notions (wholesale), Black & Co., George R. Fox, James R. Van Sant. Nurserymen, T. A. Petty, Andrew L. Pierce. Mill Machinery Manufacturers, Fred J. L. Blandy, The Duvall Engine Co. Oils, Central Oil Co. (office and works corner Market and Second.) Pianos and Organs, D. S. Johnston & Co., John L. Malthaner, H. D. Munson & Sons. Planing Mills, Curtis & Co., Excelsior Planing Mill (Thomas Drake, propritor) Herdman, Harris & Co., Star Planing Mill ( H. M. Gooden, proprietor). Plow Manufacturers, Brown Mfg. Co., Jones & Abbot. Potteries, Eagle Pottery (Parlee P. Wilbur proprietor), Duncan Hamelback,Levi Harris, Pickrel & Bumbaugh, James Pyatt, (s. s. Marietta road), the Zanesville Stoneware Co., Samuel A. Meller. Manufacturers of Saddles and Harness, George Akerly, John Frederick, Hiram K. Hawxhurst, H. Mylius, H. C. Warner. Molding and Fire, Edward M. Ayers, Downerd Glass Sand,Co., J. Downerd & Son. Sash, Door and Blind Manufacturers, Samuel W. Clark, Curtis & Co., Thomas Drake, H. M. Gooden, Herdman, Harris & Co. Stoneware Dealers, James Benjamin, Samuel E. Chapman, McLain & Nesbaum, R C. Ward. Stoneware Manufacturers, Edgar Bowen, Levi Harris, S. A. Weller, Zanesville neware Co. Stove Manufacturers, Jones & Abbot, A. Laird. The Hatton Stove Co., Shinnick, Woodside & Gibbons Mfg. Co. Tanners, Christian Findeiss, tannery, S. Hahn, Greul & Bischoff. Tile Manufacturers, American Encaustic Tiling Co. '"T" Rail Manufacturers, Ohio Iron Co. Wrapping Twine Manufacturers, Hooven & Allison. Wrought Iron Fencing Manufacturers, William H. Allen, The Black Diamond Mfg. Co. Yarns, Zanesville Woolen Mfg. Co. The principal manufacturing and commercial enterprises, at this time may be thus designated: Agricultural Implements, T. C. Berkshire, Gray & Richards, Zanesville Hardware Co. Awning Makers, Henry C. Mylius & Co. Baking Powder Manufacturers, Burchinal & Co. Bent Wood Works, Henry J. Kimble. Bookbinders, The Courier Co., George Lilienthal, C. H. Rea & Co., E. R. Sullivan. Books and Stationery, E. P. Church, G. R. Fox, S. A. Jenkins, M. V. B. Kennedy. Wholesale Boots and Shoes, H. C. Werner, W. N. Werner. Retail Boots, Shoes, 12 houses. Box Manufacturers, rederick Abel, C. J. Brenholtz, J. Smith & Son. Brass Founders, C. Dockray & Son. Brewers, Bohn's Brewery, J. A. Brenner & Co., Washington Brewery (Simon Linser), The Riverside Brewery. Brick Manufacturies, the Fish Pressed Brick Co., H. M. Gooden, W. B. Hams & Brothers, The Mornington Brick Yard, The Oakland Pressed Brick Co., the T. B. Townsend Brick and Contracting Co. Broom Manufacturer, S. C. Rogers. Builders' Hardware, W. M. Adams & Bro., Samuel Clark, Curtis & Co., Zanesville Hardware Co. Building Companies, Buckeye Building and Loan Co., Citizens Building and Savings Co., City Building Co.. Economy Building and Loan Co., The Equitable Building Co., Farmers' Building and Loan Co., Home Building and Savings Co., Homestead Building and Savings Co. Zane Building and Loan Co. Carriage and Wagon Makers, Baumgardner & Clapper, Brown Manufacturing Co., Jacob L. Christ, G. W. Coon, J. Doudna, John C. Duerr, John Ferrill & Co., Hoffman Bros.. Peter Keck, Mader Bros., W. H. Mathews, Eldrige G. Miller. Casket Manufacturers, Muskingum Coffin Co. Clothing, Boston Clothing House, C. T. Clossman, Peter Curran, B..S. Dryfus & Co., W. Dryfus & Son, Moses Meyer, Model Clothing Co., Louis Steinfeld. Coal, The J. Downerd & Son Co. England Bros., Henry L. Greiner, John B. Maher, N. T. Miller & Son, L. R. Morgan, Benjamin Wheeler, Zanesville Coal Co. Confectioners, W. S. Bell, E. P. Bloomer M. L. Snyder, Druggists (Wholesale) The Bailey Drug Co., ( Retail) 17 houses. Dry Goods, (Wholesale) Block, Grant & Co., ( Retail) 8 houses. Engine Manufacturers, Blandy Machine Griffith & Wedge. Fire Brick and Clay, E. Co.,M. Ayers, The J. Downerd & Son Co., Victor Klinhoffer, Luther McCamic, W. T. Robinson. Flour and Feed, 5 houses. Flour Mills, Drone & Co., Pataskala Mills, Pearl Mills, Westside Flouring Mills. Furniture Manufacturers, Dan B. Gary & Co., G. P. Mull, Silvey & Bisantz, F. C. Fogel, William Wells. Galvanized Iron Cornice, David Schmidt. Gents' Furnishings, 5 houses. Glass Works, Gorsuch Glass Co., G. W. Kearns & Co., United Glass Co. Wholesale Grocers, Baker Bros., Harper & Cosgrave, Pinkerton Bros. the Stevens-Wheeler Grocery Co. Han- dle Manufacturers, J. Smith & Son. Harness Manufacturers, G. G. Akerly, William Betz & Co., John Frederick, Henry Mylius, H. C. Werner. Hotels, Clarendon, Kirk's, -Mt. Clare; Windsor, Arlington and several others. Ice Manufacturers, Zanesville Artificial Ice Co. Iron Manufacturers, Ohio Iron Co. Iron Fencing, Wm. Allen. Jewelers, 6 houses. Lime, Plaster and Cements, Stitt, Price & Co. Locks and Safes, J. D. Winder & Co. Lumber, Samuel W. Clark, Curtis & Company, Thomas Drake & Co., Herdman Sash, Door and Lumber. Co., Lorimer, Lane & Co., D. Zimmer & Co. Machinery Manufacturers, Blandy Machine Co., HISTORY OF MUSKINGUM COUNTY - 253 Griffith & Wedge. Mantles and Grates, W. M. Adams & Bro., L. H. Parker, G. M. Shaw. Marble and Granite Works, Mitchell & Baldwin, L. A. Moore, E. O'Donnell, R. H. Sloan, W. C. Townsend. Molding Sand, E. M. Ayers, The J. Downerd & Son Co. Musical Merchandise, H. D. Munson & Sons,- C. E. Townsend. Newspapers, 14 publications, (see elsewhere.) Wholesale Notions, Block .& Grant Co., Frelich & Greenfield. Oatmeal Mills, Edward Johnson. Ornamental Brick Manufacturers, Oakland Press Brick Co., T. B. Townsend Brick & Contracting Co. Paints, the Goheen. Manufacturing Co., H. M. Widney. Paper, Elliott Paper. Co. Potteries, J. B. Owens Pottery Co., S. O. Willer Muskingum Stoneware Co., Zanesville Stoneware Co., Roberts & Co., American Encaustic Tiling Co. (limited.) Real Estate, 8 offices. Roofers, D. L. Hopkins, Lumb & Ludy, C. J. Marcellus, David Schmid, Gilbert Snyder. Soap Manufacturers, Schultz & Co., The Butler & Hannum Manufacturing Co., George Hahn, Stained Glass Works, Adolph Brown. Stoneyard, J. N. Steiner. Stoneware, Manufacturer Muskingum Stoneware Co., South Zanesvil toneware, Brick and Paving Co., Zanesville Stoneware Co. Stove and Range Manufacturers, Jones & Abbott, Shinnick Woodside & Gibbons Tanneries, Jacob F. Greul, Findries & Heckel. Tiles, American Encaustic Tiling Co., L. H. Parker, W. M. Adams & Bro. Woolen Mills, Zanesville Woolen Manufacturing Co. Following is the historical list of the incorporated companies with offices here: American Encaustic Tiling Co. (limited), office and works Marietta road; incorporated under laws of New York in 1878; capital $150,000; B. Nisher, president; George R. Lansing, treasurer; Wm. G. Flammer, secretary; Geo. A. Stanbery, general superintendent. Brown Manufacturing Co., office and works cor. Underwood and Railroad; incorporated 1873; capital $150,000; Jas. Herdman, president; N. H. Moore, secretary; W. A. Graham, treasurer; U. H. Brown, general manager; D. S. Brown, superintendent of works. Griffith & Wedge Co., office and works 85 to 121 S. Fifth; established 1858, incorporated August 4, 1885; capital $150,000; Francis Wedge, president; John Hoge, vice-president; F. N. Wedge, secretary; E. Gigax, treasurer; founders and machinists. The Citizens' National Bank, 130 Main; organized July i, 1881; capital, $200,000: H. C. Van Voorhis, president; W. M. Shinnick, vice-president; A. V. Smith, cashier. The Courier Co., office 32 S. Fourth; incorporated March 14, 1889; capital, $70,000; John Hoge, president; H. C. Lindsay, vice-president; R. B. Brown, secretary, treasurer and business manager. The Elliot Paper Co., office and warehouse 19 N. Sixth; incorporated Nov. 7, 1885; capital $10,000; Joseph Elliot, president; Thos. H. Elliot, secretary; John Elliot, treasurer; Henry Elliot, general manager. The First National Bank, 134 Main; organized Feb. 24, 1863; capital $200,000; surplus, $100,000; W. A. Graham, president; Geo. H. Stewart, cashier. The Home Building & Savings Mo. Savings Bank, 155 Main; organized May, 1886; capital $1,000,000; Harvey Darlington, president; Jas. T. Irvine, treasurer and secretary. The J. Downerd & Son Co., office 208 Main, 2d floor; incorporated Nov. 18, . 1887; capital $50,000; E. C. Downerd, president; M. E. Dunn, secretary and treasurer. The Kearns-Gorsuch Glass Co., office s. e. cor. First and Main; incorporated Feb. 3, 1886; capital $200,000; J. T. Gorsuch, president; Wm. T. Gray, vice president; Noah Kearns, superintendent. Officers Board of Trade— president, George R. Fox; second vice-president, A. E. Starr; secretary, W. S. Bell;- treasurer, Alexander Grant. Steamboat lines Steamer Bessie Siler, Newton Price, captain; runs daily between Zanesville and McConnelsville; dock foot of Sixth street. The Muskingum Coffin Co., office and factory cor. Main and. Canal; incorporated 1881; capital $80,000; J. T. Newman, president; N. C. Highfield, vice-- president; Joseph Shaw, secretary and treasurer. The Oakland Press Brick Co., office corner Market and Third, works at junction of the Bellaire, Zaneville and Cincinnati and Belt Line railroads; incorporated December 23, 1886; capital $25,000; W. A. Graham, president; C. V. Graham; secretary and treasurer. The Odd Fellows' Beneficial Association, office 160 Main; organized April 26, 1869; incorporated March 12, 1873; Geo.- Rishtine, president; J. A. Parshall, vice-president; T. D. McCaddon, treasurer; W. R. Hazlett, secretary. The Ohio Fuel Gas & Incadescent Light Co., office corner Sixth and Market; organized Dec. 4, 1888, under the laws of West 'Virginia; capital $I,000,000, stock full paid and non-assessable; G. E. Meigs, president; P. G. Marshall, F. N. Wedge, C. W. Kauke, vice-presidents; A. E. Boone, secretary, treasurer and general manager; G. F. Axline, assistant treasurer; F. D. Moses, engineer; Cyril Hawkins, general agent. The People's Savings, Bank, Monumental Building; incorporated September, 1889; capital $50,000; T. F. Spangler, president; Willis Bailey, 1st vice- president; C. Stolzenbach, 2d vice-president; Alex. Grant, treasurer; Wm. J. Atwell, cashier. The Shinnick, Woodside & Gibbons Mfg. Co., proprietors Union Foundry, office and foundry 254 - HISTORY OF MUSKINGUM COUNTY. Fountain avenue, east of Seventh; incorporated July 1, 1885; capital $150,000; Wm. M. Shinnick, president; Wm. J. Woodside, treasurer; Geo. D. Gibbons, secretary. The T. B. Townsend Brick Co., office 195 Market, works 3d ward; incorporated January 1, 1890; capital $200,000; T. B. Townsend, president; R. C. Burton, secretary; O. N. Townsend, treasurer. The Times Recorder Co., office 14 S. Fifth. The Union National Bank; organized May 3d, 1890; capital $150,000; James Herdman, president; M. Churchill, vice-president; E. Martin, cashier; W. H. Pierpont, assistant cashier; 128 Main. The Zanesville Water Works, office 2d floor Market House; Geo. R. Humphrey, president; H. S. Crozier, secretary. The Zanesville. Athenaeum, library and rooms 3o and 32 south Fifth; organized December 19, 1827; incorporated December 22, 1828; E. C. Brush, president; J. R. Stonesipher, secretary and treasurer; Miss M. A. Stillwell, librarian; directors, M. M. Granger, J. R. Stonesipher, C. H. Abbott, C. C. Goddard, J. W. King, T. B. Townsend. The Zanesville Canal & Mfg. Co., office 114 Main corner Third; incorporated 1814; M. M. Granger, president; R. S. Mershon, secretary; trustee McIntire estate. The Zanesville Hardware Co., 169 Main; incorporated Oct., 1888; capital $100,000; W. A. Fillmore, president; A. T. Cassel, vice-president; Wilbur F. McCoy, secretary; W. A. Herdman, treasurer; wholesale and retail hardware. The Zanesville Stoneware Co., office and works northwest corner Woodlawn avenue and Cooper Mill road; incorporated 1889; capital $50,000; E. G. Bowen, president and treasurer; A. T. Clark, secretary. The Zanesville Street Railroad; incorporated August, 1890; capital $200,000; A. L. Conger, president; F. M. Atterholt, vice-president; F. A. Wilcox, secretary; F. A. Seiberling, treasurer; all of Akron, O.; A: H. Johnson, superintendent; office barn, Marysville Pike. Young Men's Christian Association, 51 North Fifth; incorporated August, 1888; A. P. Pinkerton president; C. S. Hoskinson, vice-president; O. L. Martin, recording secretary; J. S. Dewacter, treasurer; E. A. Pierce, general secretary; C. P. Evans, assistant secretary. Zanesville Electric Light and Power Co., office and works 227 north Sixth; organized March 1, 1887; capital $75,000; John Hoge,' president; R. D. Schultz, vice-president; Frank Durbin, secretary; F. G. Grace, treasurer; Wm. O. Perry, superintendent. Zanesville Gas Light Co., office corner Fourth and Main, 2d floor, works 187 to 219 north Sixth; organized 1849; capital $50,000; Moses M. Granger, president; G. A. Allen, secretary; Citizens' National Bank, treasurer; Eugene Printz, superintendent; telephone 205. Zanesville Mining Co., office 14 north Fifth, Opera block; incorporated February, 1882; capital $50,000; F. J. Terry, president, J. Hope Sutor, secretary; Geo. Brown, treasurer; Noah Shrigley, superintendent of mines, Salina, Boulder county, Colorado. Zanesville Woolen Manufacturing Co., office and mill north side Muskingum avenue, south end Third street bridge; incorporated 1870; capital $50,000; John C. Harris, president; Robert Fulton, secretary and treasurer; John L. Turner, superintendent. Reference has been made to the parent, if such it may be termed, of the present gigantic enterprises of the American Encaustic Tiling Company, whose office and salesroom is in New York, its great manufacturing plant in Zanesville. It was the old Howson pottery, on South Seventh street, opposite Shultz & Co's. soap factory, and a small brick building yet remains to mark the site, although the kilns have long since disappeared. The plant was devoted to the manufacture of crocks and kitchenware, and was Conducted on a very small scale. In 1874, Mr .B. Fischer; of New York, had his attention directed to the clays at Zanesville. He was induced to investigate them and was convinced that tile could be made here. He purchased the plant above mentioned, associating with himself, Mr. George R. Lansing, of the same city. For the first two years, the work was an experimental one. No tile that was merchantable, was made during that whole period, and a man with less tenacity of purpose than Mr. Fischer, would have abandoned the plant altogether. He had faith in Muskingum county's clays, however, and his experiments were continued. Many of the older citizens still remember when kiln after kiln of fresh burned tile were pronounced failures, and were hauled away to fill low lots or to macadamize the roads. Such experiments could not continue forever without some result, and finally merchantable tile was produced. In 1877 the courthouse here was floored with tile manufactured by the company, and a part of that tile was made at the old factory on the river bank. That floor cost $1 per square foot, and it was considered a triumph of art. The same floor can now be laid for 4o cents per square foot, and it has become quite common as compared with the higher and more beautiful designs that have been developed. The fact had been established that merchantable tile could be made in this country, and that Zanesville was especially adapted to the pur- HISTORY OF MUSKINGUM COUNTY - 255 pose, and the firm decided to build larger. Ground was purchased at the present site in the Third ward. In 1877 a building about one-fourth the size of the present one was erected. It consisted of a building 125x68 feet, and six kilns. It was looked upon then as a great manufacturing institution, and its projectors thought that it would be amply sufficient to supply all the 'demands for tile for the next generation. They little dreamed of the magnificent proportions of the business whose foundations they were laying. In the same year Mr: Stanbery became the superintendent of the works, and he has occupied the position ever since. In 1878 the plant was placed under the management of a stock company. Strange as it may seem the production of American tile by American artisans did not open the American market. The dealers in tile were prejudiced against them. Finding that they could not sell the tile to the dealers, who would handle none but the European article, the company became contractors as well as manufacturers. They laid tile floors themselves, and soon brought the dealers to recognize the worth of the article they were manufacturing. Since that time their market has been, as is well known to our citizens, constantly expanding until now it embraces every State in the Union. The American Encaustic Tiling Company was the first company in this country to produce merchantable tile. The first products as compared with the present were crude and simple, consisting only of flooring tiles of the most simple designs and the plainest colors. Not satisfied with this end, although it was a decided triumph, the company has continued to experiment until now the finest and most beautiful art tile are produced. From the time ,of the building of the first structure on the present site in the Third ward until the present day the growth of the plant has been rapid. New buildings were added until all the ground was occupied, and then it was found necessary to arch over the run which flows through the premises and build over it. The time came when more ground must be had, and it could not be bought at the present location in the Third ward for anything like a reasonable sum. This brings the history down to recent events which are still very fresh in the minds of the people. The New York stockholders, who own by far the largest interest in the establishment, determined to move it bodily to New Jersey. They communicated their intention to Mr. John Hoge, who was interested in the enterprise. By persevering effort he induced them to hold the matter open a few days. He returned home to Zanesville and the situation was made known to the board of trade. The exciting meeting of that body which followed will be remembered by all. Citizens pledged themselves to pay large sums of money provided the city could not be bonded for the amount of money required to meet the demands of the company for a sufficient sum to purchase a site and sink a test well for oil and gas. The bill submitting the matter to a vote of the people passed the legislature, and at the spring election the people voted almost unanimously in favor of issuing the bonds. They were issued to the amount of $40,000. Then followed the choice of a site. Various places Were viewed, but the utmost secrecy was observed as to which would be the favored one The list was finally narrowed down in the minds of the company to two—one in Fair Oaks and the other the present one. At this juncture Col. H. A. Blood, of Boston, president of the C. C. & S. Railway Company, learned of the situation of affairs. He was soon in Zanesville, and made such substantial offers in. the way of tracks, switching facilities, etc., that the works were located as at present. The mammoth plant which was dedicated Tuesday, April 19, 1892, is ample guarantee of the wisdom of President Blood in making so liberal an offer. The present factory is the most complete on the continent, but is a mere plaything when compared with the new one. It consists of a double row of buildings about 1500 feet long. The size of each building is given in the list which was furnished by Evans & Dunsweiler, the contractors: Raw stock house, 50x200 feet, 24 rooms, two stories; slip house, 60x100 feet, 6 rooms, three stories; slip press and clay and dry house, 95x 162 feet, 4 rooms, 2 stories; grinding house 68 x94 feet, 26 rooms, two stories; ground clay house, 64x200 feet, 66 rooms, two stories; press house, 72x200 feet, one story; dry house, 72x 200 feet, one story; placing houses, 42x200 feet, 7 rooms, one story; bisque kiln house, 132x216 feet, one story; placing house, 32x42 feet, 2 rooms, one story; smear kiln house, 44x114 feet, one story; sorting house, 74x120 feet, one story; glazing house, 48x220 feet, 3 rooms, one story; placing houses, 16x20 feet, 4 rooms, one story; glazing kiln house, 96x200 feet, one story; warehouse, 216x216 feet, 9 rooms three stories; freight and cooper house, 52x218 feet, 4 rooms, one story; engine and boiler house, 48x172 feet, 2 rooms, one story; machine shop and carpenter shop house, 44x76 feet, 4 rooms two stories; blacksmith house, 20X44 feet, 1 room, one story; 256 - HISTORY OF MUSKINGUM COUNTY. seggar house, 52x106 feet, 4 rooms, two stories; stock houses, 20X76 feet, 5 rooms, one story; locomotive house, 23x44 feet, 1 room, one story; fifteen bisque kilns, 22 feet diameter at base; three smear kilns, 16.8 feet diameter at base; eight glaze kilns, 22 feet diameter at base; one seggar kiln, 26 feet diameter at base; one improved eight tunnel drier; brick smoke stack, 121 feet high, 18x18 feet at the base. Home institutions were patronized to as large an extent as possible in the 'erection and equipment of this plant, and everything that Zanesville could furnish was purchased here. Evans & Dunsweiler had the contract for laying the 12,000,000 brick. The boilers, air compressors and tile presses were manufactured by Griffith & Wedge. The lumber was furnished by Thomas Drake. The Blandy Machine company furnished iron work. Rcekel & Son laid the fifty miles and more of pipe used in the building. Snyder, the slater, placed the slate roofs used. D. Schmidt constructed the galvanized iron work and spouting. Still other Zanesville firms, employing Zanesville workmen, performed other contracts. The plant is chiefly valuable to Zanesville because of the labor it furnishes and the resulting increase in prosperity and population. It will give work to from 800 to 1000 persons when running to its full capacity. The demonstration at the formal opening of these works marked a "red letter" day to the people of this part of Ohio. The program for the dedication was under the direction of an executive committee composed of Hon. Wm. S. Bell, A. E. Starr, H. A. Sharpe, Charles Geis, H. C. Werner, J. A. Morrow, G. R. Clements, J. H. Swart, Edward McGovern, J. A. Dennis, C. C. Harrison, Thomas Trainer, G. A. Allen and Dr. H. T. Sutton. The reception committee consisted of Messrs. T. F. Spangler, John Hoge, R. D. Schultz, F. A. Durban, Geo. H. Stewart, C. Stolzenbach, D. H. Gaumer, H. C. Van Voorhis, F. H. Southard, H. C. Werner, Dr. T. J. Barton, Geo. A. Stanbery, H. H. Sturtevant, Wm. Kirk, S. A. Baldwin,_ Geri. R. B. Brown, Rev. F. Richards, D. M. Evans, D. S. Brown, W. R. Mathews, E. P. Bloomer, John C. Sullivan, Julius Frank, B. Wheeler, Wm. Bateman, Dr. E. C. Logsdon, David Lee, M; Churchill, Jas. R. Peabody, Charles Brendel, J. Hope Sutor, Capt. Mader, Hiram Waller, W. J. Woodside, G. D. Gibbons, Lieut. C. E. Gillette, R. S. Mershen, A. 0. Jones, Edward Gigax, William Swart, James Herdman, Thomas Murphy, Alexander Grant, Charles Abbott, William Wells, Edard Abbott, James Wheeler, S. A. Weller, Theodore Wiles, J. W. Pinkerton, G. D. Munson, Albert Baker, Dan Buell, J. J. Adams, C. U. Shryock, W. W. Harper, Rev. George P. Torrence, J. W. Conrade, John Crooks, C. D. Wedge, T. J. McDermott, F. N. Grigsby, T. M. Williams and E. L. Winchell. The program included an address of welcome by Hon. W. S. Bell, mayor of the city, addresses by Hon. Wm. McKinley, Jr., governor of Ohio, Hon. John O'Neill, Col. H. A. Blood, of the Cleveland & Canton R. R. Co, President Fischer, of the Tiling Co., and others. Amusement was the order of the day and evening, and the Barracks band from Columbus, the Seventeenth regiment band of Zanesville, and the Dresden K. of P. bands were in attendance. Schultz & Co., " The " soap-boilers; factory and office, Canal Bank, between Sixth and Seventh streets, Zanesville, O.; New York office and depot, 164 Franklin street, New York, are well worthy to adorn the pages of a book dealing with the history of Zanesville. Both members of the firm are natives of Zanesville, and have lived in the city of their birth all their lives, and have been active citizens, both as young and middle-aged men, engaging in public-spirited movements calculated to advance the interests of this community. Besides their own large manufactory, they are heavy holders of real estate, and stockholders in a large number of other manufacturing concerns. Messrs. Robert Schultz and John Hoge are the individual members comprising the firm, so widely known throughout this country as Schultz & Co., manufacturers of several brands of soap which have a world-wide reputation for being the best for family use. Messrs. Schultz & Co.'s factory is a. four story brick structure, the dimensions of which are 70x200 feet, every inch of which is utilized in the manufacture of the firm's products. The building throughout is supplied with all the latest and most improved machinery necessary in an establishment of the kind, and seventy-five hands find steady and remunerative employment, besides a number of traveling salesmen, covering territories which know no bounds. They also own a large warehouse at the depots, with switches in from the different roads, used for storing their surplus stocks. Messrs. Schultz & Co. began business in 1866, being successors to Mr. Wm. Schultz, under whom they served from boyhood. Prior to their accession to the business, the trade had been purely local; but shortly after, they introduced into the Western markets their celebrated " Star " brand, which was entirely different from anything else in the soap line. Subsequently the firm placed upon the market their famous brand, " Irish HISTORY OF MUSKINGUM COUNTY - 257 Soap," which proved to be their first great success, and gave them a national reputation. This brand immediately became an immense favorite as a laundry soap, and at once bounded to the front ranks of all the leading markets of the country. The firm added to their-list other famous brands. Messrs. Schultz Si Co. now make " Star Soap," one of the best and most desirable for general family use, and the "Duck Soap," a good laundry article. The volume of trade extends to all parts of the United States. The firm's products have no superior, and there are few homes in the land where the name of Schultz & Co. is not familiar. Messrs Schultz & Co. are also sole owners and managers of the Zanesville Opera House, which has the reputation of being one of the finest and best managed theaters in America. About the year 1875 Schultz & Co. purchased the Zane House property, and the Opera house and Opera House block were erected in 1879, which then, as now, were the pride of this city. Mr. Hoge's enthusiasm was impressed upon his partner, and unaided these two dauntless young men erected a row of metropolitan business rooms and a theater, at that time unequaled in the state. That this was a most expensive undertaking goes without saying. Such was their credit that not the semblance of a mortgage encumbered their property, yet it was freely predicted by the croakers that Schultz & Co. would be ruined. The business sagacity of Mr. Hoge soon manifested itself in the management of the, Opera house. The rules laid down by him were unique, and a marked innovation on the established methods of the "profession." The result was a widespread notoriety and a national reputation for the Schultz Opera house. Theatrical people stormed and swore like the army in Flanders, but they eventually yielded gracefully to the iron-clad regulations. Their ravings have turned to exultant praise. The "rules" have been widely copied throughout the country—the best tribute to their fairness. "The Appeal to the Profession," written by Mr. Hoge, and N placarded in all the dressing rooms of the theater, won the warmest commendation from the "show people." Another important and beautiful structure is the Memorial building. On June 9th, 1878, some half dozen old soldiers met at the residence of Fred. Geiger, for the purpose of organizing a Soldiers' Monumental Association: At this meeting Geiger presided, W. O. Munson acted as secretary, and Andros Guille was designated as treasurer. The plan was to raise $5,000 by popular subscription. The second meeting of the association was held June 13, in the office of Mr. Geiger, Clerk of the Court. At this meeting a permanent organization was effected and Mr. Geiger was elected president, John H. Drake vice-president, Andros Guille treasurer, and W. O. Munson, secretary. A constitution and by-laws were adopted, and C. W. Potwin, Peter Black and Robert Silvey were appointed, trustees. Thursday, September 19, 1878, was held a grand county re-union, under the auspices of the association, which in addition to being the largest ex-soldier demonstration held in the county up to that time, was a financial success, netting the association $1,000. At the first annual meeting held June 13, 1879, the old officers were re-elected, and an executive committee composed of five ladies and five gentlemen was appointed. This committee was Mrs. F. Cogswell, Mrs. F. J. L. Blandy, Mrs. James Buckingham, Mrs. L. B.. Taylor and Messrs Fred. Dietz, R. B. Brown, W. H. Cockins, W. S. Harlan and Howard Aston. It was now determined to increase the amount for the monument to $10,000, and a plan of guarantee notes was formulated and an active canvass begun. At the annual meeting June 13, 1883, five years after the organization of the association, the secretary in his report alluded to the fact that a trifle over $5,000 was now on hand, that the members of the association had voted to have the monument erected in front of the court house, that the Commissioners had refused to move the fountain to give place to the monument, that many of the heaviest subscribers were in favor of diverting the fund already raised and adding to it fifteen or twenty thousand dollars more, and in lieu of a monument, erecting a " Muskingum County Soldiers' and Sailor's Memorial Building.". "This, in the opinion of your secretary, would be a good investment, permanent, progressive and lasting." At this meeting a paper was read, which led to the sending out by the secretary a circular letter requesting each subscriber to designate his choice in the matter, by which it was decided to erect a memorial building instead of a shaft or monument. To the officers, trustees, executive committee, who labored so faithfully for five years on behalf of the monument, much of the credit of this building is due. For the money which they, through their trustees, turned over to the Memorial building trustees, $5,152.07, served as the first payment on the site of this building, and it may be well to say, that every man, woman or child who paid his dollar or more toward the monument, to-day has proportionate share and interest in this building, and 258 - HISTORY OF MUSKINGUM COUNTY. further, that all of the time and labor bestowed upon the enterprise for five years by those having in charge the Monumental association, was given freely, and not a dollar of the money collected was spent except for stationery, printing and postage. With the appointment of the, seven trustees, ably represented by T. F. Spangler, the labor of the Monumental association closed. September 27, 1883, upon the application of C. W. Potwin, W. A. Graham and Robert Silvey, trustees of the Muskingum County Soldier's and Sailors' Monumental Association, Judge Phillips appointed Gilbert D. Munson, Frederick C. Dietz, Joseph T. Gorsuch, Thomas W. Gattrell, James Buckingham, Conrade Stolzenbach and Frank J. Korte, as trustees of the Muskingum County Soldiers' and Sailors' Monumental Association. March 14, 1887, by reason of a vacancy by the resignation of F. C. Dietz, Judge Phillips appointed T. F. Spangler to fill vacancy. These trustees took charge of the funds and business of. the Monumental association. About the first business transacted by them was to purchase the property upon which the building now stands, using the money turned over to them to make the first payment. Matters went along without anything of importance happening, the trustees endeavoring all the time to devise some means to have the build ing erected, until in 1887, the county commissioners, having to provide an armory for the use of Company B' and Battery C, of Ohio National. Guard in this county, were induced by the trustees to issue bonds of the county for the purpose of erecting a soldiers' and sailors' memorial building, and an armory, on the site purchased by the trustees, the arrangement being for the trustees to pay the interest on the bonds, and the principal as it came due. By this arrangement the Grand Army of the Republic of this county have secured a beautiful post room, the Ohio National Guard, a splendid armory, and the whole people a magnificent structure, well worthy of the name, and a grand tribute to the memory of the 700 brave men of Muskingum county who perished during the war. Other public buildings and halls in the city are the following: Athenaeum building, Athletic hall, Beard block, Bijou opera house, Black's Music Hall block, Blocks= block, Castle hall, Central block, City prison, Choral hall, Christman block, Court house, First National Bank hall, Gold hall, Haver's hall, Heilman's hall, Horn's hall, Lee's hall, Maginnis block, Market house, Martin hall, Masonic hall, Merrick block Nevitt's halt, Odd Fellow's hall (Woodlawn lodge), Odd Fellows' temple, Pinkerton building, Police station, Power House No. I, Power House No. 2, Power House No. 3, Richard block, Shinnick block and hall, Star block, St. Nicholas hall, St. Thomas hall, Turner's hall, Weller building, Wheeler Stevens' block, Wiles. block; Work house, Worrell hall, Young Mens' Christian Association rooms. Elijah C. Ross, of Zanesville, produced the first daguerreotype ever made west of the city of New York. It is claimed that the first friction or lucifer matches ever made in the world were produced in Zanesville by William G. Thompson, in 1834, Zanesville was first lighted with gas in November, 1849. Her first street railway was opened for travel December 4, 1875. Zanesville was early and enterprising,in the-introduction of the electric light. Since the time of the arrival of the first mails in Zanesville in 1798, when Daniel Convers entered into contract with the national government to carry the mails from Marietta to this point and. return weekly, the changes have been numerous and great. Wm. McCulloch, the first postmaster, found but little to do in his official capacity, but with the growth of the village and the establishment of improved mail facilities, the work became greater. In August, 1817, from one weekly mail, Zanesville had risen so that she had the benefit of six mails per week—three from the East and three from the West. At this time, the mails were carried upon the regular stage routes which had been established. In this same year, ( January 30) Putnam had an office established, with Henry Safford as postmaster. In June, 1838, an office was established for West Zanesville under the name of Muskingum, with John W. P. Lane as postmaster, but *as discontinued in 1843, and that village did without a postoffice until in January, 1852, when the West Zanesville postoffice was established with Joseph H. Parke in charge. In 1849, the postoffice at Zanesville became a president appointive office, and soon thereafter the mails began to be delivered by railroads instead of by the old stage coach. In 1864, a money order department was established here and the system was fully inaugurated November I, 1864. In August, 1880, this office was made the depository for this section of the state, and now receives the deposits from the postoffices in the following counties: Belmont, Coshocton, Guernsey, Monroe, Morgan, Muskingum, Noble, Perry and Washington. The number of postoffices thus depositing is about 400; the average amount deposited here by these offices is $21,000 per annum. At about the same time that the office HISTORY OF MUSKINGUM COUNTY - 259 was made a general depository, the free delivery system was introduced, and the postoffices in Putnam and West Zanesville were discontinued. October 1st, 188o, the free delivery system was inaugurated. The inspiration and salvation of every progressive mercantile, commercial and manufacturing community is dependent upon ample banking facilities—upon banks that are sound, rich and reputable, conservatively managed and yet liberal in their treatment of those who, investing their capital, brains and labor in local enterprises of a legitimate and beneficial nature, may at times require reasonable assistance in the way of pecuniary accommodation. It is safe to say that no community of equal numbers in the country is better supplied with fiduciary institutions of this kind than is Zanesville, nor has any set of banks and business men a better or more cordial mutual understanding than exists here. The banks are seven in number--three national, one private, and three savings banks. All of these institutions are in a flourishing condition, as will be seen from the appended official statements: First National, organized 1863; capital, $200,000; Citizen's national, organized 188i ; capital, $200,000; Union 'National, organized 1890; capital, $150,000; Zanesville bank, organized 1885; capital, $60,000; People's Saving bank, organized 1889; capital, $50,000;. Ohio Safe Deposit & Trust Co., organized 1890; capital nominal. In addition to her regular banks-Zanesville also boasts of seven loan and building associations which are in a flourishing condition, and are doing a grand and noble work for the laboring class of the community. By their aid the possibility of their securing a home by the laboring man without capital is made easy and safe, and the number of homes now owned by the laboring classes of Zanesville is the best possible indication of their success. We herewith give a list of the associations which are at present doing business in the city: Buckeye Building & Loan, organized in 1888; capital, $1,000,000; resources, $30,000; gross earnings, $1,500. Citizens Building & Saving, organized in i887; capital, $1,000,000; resources, $64,489.12; gross earnings, $4,339.31. Economy Building & Loan, organized in 1887; capital, $1,000,000; resources, $56,792; gross earnings, $4,908.23. Equitable Building, organized in 1887; capital, $1,000,000; resources, $94,399.75; gross earnings, June I, 1889, $3,269.69. Fagners Building & Loan, organized in 1889; capital, $1,000,o00; resources, $25,000. Home Building & Saving, organized in 1886; capital, $4,000,000; resources, 1888, $131,355 gross earnings, 1888, $9,204. Homestead Building & Saving, organized in 1884; capital, $1,000,000; resources, 1888, $213,168.50; gross earnings, 1888, $20,791.61. Mechanics' Building (Limited), organized in 1884; capital, $150,000; resources, 1888, $110,000; gross earnings, 1888, $20,960.31. The claims of Zanesville are thus summed up by the board of trade: "Zanesville, Ohio is beautifully located on the Muskingum river, the only interior city of Ohio on a navigable stream, tributary to all points on the Ohio and Mississippi rivers. The scenery on the Muskingum is beautiful, and the valley most fertile. The United States Government has control of the river, and is now spending large sums of money improving the same. Schools, seminaries, churches, parks, etc., a fine opera house, admitting only the best troupes traveling. A new memorial building, erected to the memory of the Union soldiers and sailors of this county; this building has the largest and best convention room or assembly hall in the state, with but one exception (that of music hall at Cincinnati, Ohio). Seating 2,500 comfortably. We have gas light, electric light, and fuel water gas, one• of the best systerhs of electric street cars, with the latest and most approved equipment. Our water works system is the pride of the city, our fire department first class. Fine suburban residences. Our Fair Oaks, Buckingham Place, Terrace, Maplewood and Belle View, are all new additions to the city of Zanes ville. and for places of residence are truly beautiful, and must be seen to be fully appreciated. Greenwood cemetery, Woodlawn cemetery, and Mount Calvary cemetery, places that will justify your visiting. "The Muskingum valley gives us one of the very best markets, fruit and vegetables in abundance, and at very low prices. Considerable fruit and vegetables are shipped to sister cities. We have seven railroads and four more projected. We. have the cheapest and most reliable known fuel. Hotels equaled only by the best, and excelled by none. Our encaustic tile works is the largest in the United States, and the only successful competitor or the celebrated English tile. Our brick industries have grown to immense proportions—our building brick, ornamental brick, glazed brick and pressed brick are the best made and excelled by none, our shipments of which amount to 3,75o cars a year, or 12 cars a day. Our paving brick industry gives promise of growing to immense proportions; at this time cannot supply the demand. We also manufacture largely stone ware, terra cotta and sewer pipe, fine linings, flower pots, vases, and all kinds of fancy and 260 - HISTORY OF MUSKINGUM COUNTY. decorated clay goods. Zanesville is no less a first-class business and manufacturing point than it is a place of residence." It will be seen from the foregoing brief review of the manufacturing and commercial interests of Zanesville that the place is already well supplied with that which gives permanency, stability and growth to a community. There is here a large amount of skilled labor employed. It is that . which enlivens trade, which gives character to business, which builds up and establishes communities. Many of these industries which have been enumerated are yet in their infancy, but the encouragement all such are receiving warrants their success, if judiciously managed. What is a success in one lOcality in another, under the same management may, and often does, prove a failure. Rarely has a manufacturing enterprise been here undertaken which has not been successfully prosecuted, and manufacturing capital here invested has rarely sought to be transferred to other localities. This fact alone speaks more for the advantages this city affords for the employment of manufacturing skill than whole volumes besides. One argument from fact is worth an entire treatise of mere theory. There is also a fine local and wholesale trade. The history of the real estate business in Zanesville, is different from that of most other American cities in that it is characterized neither by periods when prices were unreasonably inflated, nor by times when property could be purchased far below. its actual value. Zanesville, conservative from the very first of its history, has suffered only when the entire country has been demoralized by panic. After the laying out of Zanesville and its sister villages on the opposite bank of the river, the rise in the prices of realty was unusually steady, although slow, until 1836, when the figures reached by property in the heart of the town were almost as high as at present. The terrific panic which swept over the United States the following year, dragged real estate here as everywhere else, to the bottom. Instances are cited where valuable lots in the most thoroughly desirable locations, were sold, in 1837, at seventy per cent. less than the prices at which they had been bought twelve months before. The recovery was not rapid, and it was nearly 185o before property owners could realize anything like the actual value of their town lots. However, after 1851 there was a steady, healthy advance, continuing without interruption until 1866, when property was sold at better prices than ever before in the history of the town. A noticeable feature of this advance was that it affected suburban property as never before. After this time there was little or no increase of the actual selling prices of Zanesville real estate. It held its own, but as practically none had been bought for purely speculative purposes, it was not pushed beyond its real value. In 1873 of course "everything went." The recovery of real estate values was slow, it being some time before Zanesville property would bring what it was actually worth. After getting back to the ante-panic figures, there was little if any advance. A good deal of city property was on the market, but sales were not numerous, as owners were not willing to make concessions and buyers were not eager. This state of affairs continued until 1886, the autumn of which year marked the beginning of a new area in local real estate business. The occasion was the first speculation of any magnitude in suburban property,—the platting of the beautiful farm of the Hon. H. J. Jewett, "Fair Oaks," just south of Putnam. The first sale of lots look place in October, and the sales for the single day aggregated $24,000, the lots bringing an average price of $175. Since that the increase of the sales and prices of suburban property has been gratifying. The revival of Putnam property, which began at that time, has continued and still continues. Immediately after this came the advance in property on the Terrace; where in a great many cases lots have doubled, and in some instances trebled, in value. Natchez, also came in for an appreciation in the prices of its lots, with and without improvements. Lots in the higher land in this locality which four years ago brought $350, are now ready sellers at over $500. Property on Marietta street and adjacent has also steadily advanced; many improvements have been made; and there is less property for sale in this section than in any other part of the city. With the rise of suburban real estate there has naturally come an appreciation of that in the heart of the town. Main street property has slowly and surely advanced and at present there is little or no property on that street in the market. There is also a great scarcity of purchasable property on the streets crossing Main—particularly west of Sixth street. Among the recent advances may be noticed that in the northern part of the city, it having been affected by the bridge now in course of construction at Underwood street. When completed, this bridge is, of course, also bound to cause an increase in values on the Terrace—especially the upper part. It is to be noted that, despite the advances on property HISTORY OF MUSKINGUM COUNTY - 261 here in the past four years, real estate still sold at more, reasonable figures than the prices of similar property in other places of Zanesville's size and importance. The recent increases have been from below the real values to the actual worth of real estate—not from its real value to a point above. South Zanesville, the new manufacturing annex is situated in the broad and beautiful valley immediately south of Zanesville, and is only a few hundred feet from the corporation line of the latter place. The new town was founded by the South Zanesville Land Company in the early spring of 1890, and was platted under the management of W. J. Finley. The first lot was sold in the new town May 10, 1890. Since that time the place has sprung up with magic quickness. Industrial hum, energy and force are witnessed on every hand. New buildings, new methods, new industries are the potent exigencies of the hour. Great care has been exercised in the laying out of streets, alleys and parks. Its lots are large and are generally occupied by cozy cottages, which give an air of comfort and plenty to the place, and bespeak the thrift and prosperous condition of its inhabitants. South Zanesville possesses some of the richest veins of clay to be found in the Muskingum Valley. Numerous veins of shale and potters' clay are found here in abundance. Several good veins of sand, both molding and sharp sand, in most any quantity, coal of the best quality is founu adjacent to the town. The water supply of the place is fine and in keeping with the numerous other advantages. Strictly speaking, South Zanesville is a manufacturing town. Its modern factories are a pride to the place, and constitute the bone and sinew of the village. The leading enterprise in the new town is a large paving-brick works, a stoneware plant, spoke and wheel works, foundry and machine shops, buggy factory, clay specialty works, and soap factory. This large variety of works gives employment to quite a number of hands in different classes of trade. The railroad facilities of South Zanesville are of the very best. The Cincinnati & Muskingum Valley Railway, the Columbus, Shawnee & Hocking Railway and the Zanesville Terminal Railway pass directly through the town, giving direct connection with all the railways diverging out of Zanesville and the large number of roads that cross the southeastern portion of Ohio. Although not an incorporated town, South Zanesville is making giant strides upward and onward. The new town has several enterprising stores, meat market, postoffice, express office, and railroad office. A new graded-school building will be erected-in the town this season. Telephone connection is had with all the principal places. Taking South Zanesville as a whole, with all, her new dwellings, stores, factories and handsome new depot just now in construction, she is a marvel of completeness. The population of the place numbers something over 600 inhabitants. Tiledale is the beautiful piece of land lying just across River street from the immense new works of the American Encaustic Tiling Company, embracing over seventy acres of land, and will furnish convenient sites for the homes of the employes of these great works. The streets and roadways are now being graded and on and after the 19th day of April, the date of the opening of the tile works, these lots will be offered for sale. Following are a few of the advantages offered to purchasers of lots in Tiledale: - They are nearer the tile works than any other lots. .They are on sandy and gravel soil, insuring dry cellars and good sewerage. Over thirty acres of them are level and need no grading. The roadways are now being nicely graded. The city water mains, with fire plugs run along River street, the east front of Tiledale, offering fire protection. The water mains will be extended into the streets of Tiledale. The city gas mains are there also. Tiledale also has beautiful lots on the bluffs, on a level with and connected with the Dresden road, covered with a growth of forest trees, a natural park. The next extension of the Electric street railroad will probably be to Tiledale, along River street. A nicely graded and romantic avenue will be opened through Tiledale, connecting the Dresden road with River street. Tiledale lots will be sold on easy payments. T. F. Spangler & Co. are the sole agents for Tiledale. The real estate dealers of the city, other than the two above mentioned are George Brown, who is pushing Owens' addition to Zanesville which has the Owens' pottery as its nucleus; A. E. Ames, J. H. Gantt, F. S. Gates, H. S. Moody, Homer White and J. B. Wilson. Zanesville as she stands at this time, surrounded by her limitless wealth of minerals and farming lands; with her network of railroads, leading out in every direction; with her general beauties of broad, well-shaded and well-paved streets; beautiful homes; with her general healthiness; with nearly one thousand manufacturing and mercantile concerns, transacting a volume of trade reaching fully $10,000,000 annually; completely lighted by electricity; having a telephone exchange with five hundred patrons; fine schools; beautiful, churches; elegant court 262 - HISTORY OF MUSKINGUM COUNTY. house; the finest opera house in the state and the second largest public hall in Ohio, and every line of trade represented by houses of sterling merit and worth; with all these permanent advantages and such bright. prospects for her future, can scarcely be eulogized too warmly. To-day she is a handsome city of a goodly population-.the entrepot and base of supplies for the entire southeastern portion of the state, and her manufactured products find a ready sale throughout the length and breadth of the 'land. As a rule, the manufacturers and merchants are men who exercise much enterprise in the prosecution of their various ventures. They are men who believe that whatever is worth doing at all is worth doing well, and so they cultivate their trade; aim to develop friendly feelings and to secure business to themselves and to bind prosperity, to the city by bands as soft as silk, yet as powerful, as steel. They are cultivated, courteous and hospitable, and extend a welcome to industrious laborers, enterprising tradesman and judicious capitalists. The Zanesville Board of Trade is one of the city's most credible institutions. Several efforts were made in a more or less remote past to establish such an institution, but is was not until in 1886 that anything like a successful organization was secured. In March, 1886, a preliminary meeting was held and a constitution and set of by-laws were drafted, which were formally adopted April 12, 1886. The first officers elected were as follows: President, M. Churchill; first vice-president, Edgar M. Hatton; second. vice-president, F. G. Darlington; secretary, William M. Shinnkk, Jr.; treasurer, G. H. Stewart. Much good has been accomplished by the organization during their six years' existence. A permanent board of trade room has been established and fitted up, a salaried secretary placed in charge and the organization has moved, along swimmingly, gaining with each year a firmer hold upon public respect and confidence. The wisdom of having such an organization in successful operation is best demonstrated when it is remembered that it was largely due to the efforts of this board that the national government assumed control of the Muskingum river and has 'been making extensive improvements on it; that the board was the chief promoter of the movement for street paving in Zanesville; that to its efforts the citizens are indebted for the Vitrified Sewer pipe works in Fair Oaks; and that it, was the board that secured the American Encaustic Tile Co.'s new plant for the city. The various committees of the organization are carefully constituted and discharge the tasks assigned to them most effectively. The officers elected in April, 1891, for the ensuing year were as follows: Geo. R. Fox, president; W. W. Harper, first vice-president; A. E. Starr, second-vicepresident; Wm. S. Bell, secretary; Alex. Grant, treasurer. Directors: Charles Brendel, Rufus Burton, A. O. Jones, Wilbur McCoy, H. C. Van Vorhis, John Hoge, Wm. Kirk, S. A. Baldwin, J. Hope Sutor, A. P. Pinkerton. The organization is composed of Zanesville's leading and most enterprising business men, and is doing a grand work for the city. Journalism in Zanesville has kept pace with the rapid progress of the city, and there are here a number of live, enterprising newspapers, conducted upon the highest plane of journalistic management. The local papers are vigorous educators of honest public sentiment, ever having the best interests of the people at heart and making all other interests subservient thereto. There are at present twelve papers in all, published daily, weekly or monthly. The daily papers are the Signal Courier, Penny Press and Times-Recorder the first three being evening editions while the latter is a morning paper. The Sunday News, Labor journal, Die Zanesville Post, W eekly Times-Recorder, W eekly Courier, Semi-Weekly Signal, Weekly. Press, Saturday Night, and the Political Horoscope, are the leading weekly publications; while the Ohio Farmers' ,journal is published monthly. The editorial and business staffs of the dailies are composed of some of the brightest minds in journalism in Southeastern Ohio, and each has a corps of competent special correspondents in various sections of the country. The press of Zanesville and Muskingum maintains the freedom of discussion so peculiarly American, and while in her editorial ranks are found men with all the divergence of political opinions, yet they are among the most fraternal to be found in any community. The important points in the history of Zanesville journalism are included in the history of three of her dailies and weeklies, the Courier, the Signed and the Times-Recorder. Although the Courier only dates its inception to November 11, 1845, when it first made its appearance under its present title, it shows an unbroken lineage which carries it back and shows it to be the ligitimate successor of the Express, which was the first paper published in Zanesville, and first made its appearance in 1810. The Express was the beginning of the Whig organ of Muskingum county, and though in those early days the field was ofttimes uninviting, the editors of the little sheet held HISTORY OF MUSKINGUM COUNTY - 263 unwaveringly to their position. In 1812 the title was changed to the Express and Advertiser and J. H. Putnam & Co., the founders of the plant were succeeded by O'Hara & Bennett. Under this management the paper continued until in 1823, when that old, pioneer politician, Colonel David Chambers," took the editorial chair and Adam Peters became the publisher, and the first number of the Ohio Republic appeared, strongly opposing the election of Andrew Jackson to the Presidency and advocating the Whig doctrines. Occupying this position in the Whig party, the paper continued under various managements to be the exponent of its party until November 11, 1845, when David H. Lyman purchased the establishment, and on that day issued the first number of the Zanesville Courier. Under the control of editor Lyman the Courier became one of the leading journals of the state. On June 21, 1846, the Zanesville Daily Courier was born, but evidently was born too early as its publishers were forced to abandon it in the fall of 1847 from lack of support, and a tri-weekly sheet was substituted. December 16,1850, the Daily Courier again made its appearance, and has been making its rounds among the people ever since. In 1858 the Zanesville Gazette, a paper started about 1830 by Uriah Parke, was consolidated with the Courier, and while the daily retained its old name the title of the weekly was changed to the Weekly Courier and Gazette. Up to this time it had never been upon a paying basis, but in June, 1861, Mr. John T. Shryock became sole proprietor and brought the plant on a solid footing. After the close of the war in 1865, Col. J. C. Douglass, of Cambridge, Ohio, located in Zanesville. and, with Gen. M. D. Leggett, his old commander, purchased from Mr. Shryock the Courier plant. They took charge in November of that year, with Col. Douglas as the managing editor. A few months later Capt. T. J. Newman purchased a one-third interest, assuming the business management. Soon after Gen. Leggett sold his interest to J. H. Dodd, and the firm became Douglas, Newman & Dodd. In 1871 Col. Douglas was appointed postmaster of Zanesville and disposed of his interest in the Courier to the remaining partners. The firm of Newman & Dodd conducted the business until 1876, when R. B. Brown was admitted to the partnership. These three gentlemen remained the owners of the plant until in the summer of 1889, when the Courier Company was organized. Of this company, T. J. Newman was president, L.. E. Dodd vice-president,. J. H. Dodd, secretary and treasurer, and R. B. Brown was business manager. Mr. Newman died in 1890, and the official list as it has been reconstructed is as follows: John Hoge, president; H. C. Lindsay, vice-president; R. B. Brown, secretary and treasurer; board of directors, R. B. Brown, John Hoge, H. J. Newman, H. C. Lindsay, Joseph Shaw; Charles A. Reynolds is editor. The daily paper is an evening edition, 24x39 inches, four pages, and on Saturday eight pages; weekly, 34x48 inches, eight pages. The history of the Democratic press of Muskingum county begins with the Muskingum Messenger, ,which began its career in 1810, and continued for some twenty-five years to be one of the most prominent journals then published in Ohio. In 1832, however, the journal broke from the main wing of the Democratic party and took sides with Calhoun and the "Nullifiers," and in 1837 closed its career is a Democratic journal. In 1833 the Democratic Union was started to take the place of the Messenger as a Democratic organ, but the title was soon after changed to the Aurora. Under this title the Democratic organ passed through many hands during the stormy years elapsing between 1834 and 1864, and in February, of that year, entirely disappeared; it was not until 1865 that the stock company known as the Signal Printing Company was organized. In August, 1865, this company began the publication of the Zanesville Daily and Weekly Signal, with Mr. D. B. Linn as editor. In 187o, under the management of Mr. J. T. Irvine the daily was suspended and only the weekly published. November 1,1883, Mr. Irvine sold out his interest to the Gaumer Bros., who ran the paper until May, 1887, when Mr. J. T. Irvine again entered the office, purchasing the interest of T. M. Gaumer, and was identified with the paper until January 16,1889, when Mr. D. H. Gaumer purchased the entire plant, which he has since owned and edited. The Signal is a six-column, eight-page, daily edition, and the Saturday edition is a seven-column, eight-page edition. The Semi-Weekly Signal is an eight-column, four-page paper, published Mondays and Thursdays. Under Mr. Gaumer's efficient administration the paper has grown to be the best exponent of its party principles in. Southeastern Ohio, and is in a most flourishing condition. Mr. Gaumer has been a member of the state senate for this district and is well known throughout Ohio. On the first day of September, 1852, Messrs. Jacob Glessner and John B. Roberts, under the firm name of Glessner & Roberts, started the City Times. It was a non-partisan weekly paper, and was issued from a frame building on South Fifth street, just below where the old 264 - HISTORY OF MUSKINGUM COUNTY. post-office stood. It was printed on a steam power press, the first of that kind ever used in Zanesville. In 1853 Mr. Glessner bought his partner's interest in the City Times and continued its publication at the old office until 1857, when he removed the establishment to the building which still stands at the southeast corner of Fifth and Main. In 1864 Mr. Glessner sold out to Messrs. Logan. & Dodd, who published the paper for fifteen months, when they disposed of their interest to Messrs. Cooper, Ehrman & Evans. Within, perhaps a year, this firm was succeeded in its turn by Gov." John Greiner, of Whig songs' fame, and very shortly he sold out to one Brown, of Belmont county. After a brief ownership Mr. Brown transferred his interest to W. W. Pyle, of McConnelsville, and subsequently Capt. E. Z. Hayes, now cif Coshocton county, became a partner of Mr. Pyle for a short time. Meanwhile the publishers had removed to the Maginnis block, and later to the building at the corner of Court and Fountain alleys. In the spring of 1876 Messrs. Pyle & Hayes issued a Sunday edition which they called the Sunday Times, discontinuing the Weekly City Times. In November of 1876, the Sunday Times was discontinued and . a daily paper launched into existence, which its publishers called the Daily Times. In February of 1877, the establishment at the corner of Court and Fountain alleys burned out and publication ceased until the following June, when, the structure being rebuilt, the paper was again issued by a co-operative company, of which E. R. Sullivan was manager and W. W. Pyle editor. The latter became sole proprietor of the Daily and Weekly Times in 1881, and was succeeded in 1883 by a company composed of Messrs. W. E. Krebs. W. H. Cunningham, Jr., Thomas Campbell and Thomas E. Taylor, who published the Times until January 1, 1885, although Jesse Atwell was practically the owner by reason of a chattel mortgage which he held against the concern. On the latter date Mr. Atwell, Edward Spencer, of Adamsville, O., and Rev. M. W. Acton formed a co-partnership which resulted in merging Mr. Atwell's Daily and Weekly Times, Mr. Spencer's Adamsville Register and Mr. Acton's District Visitor, a Zanesville weekly publication, into the .Daily Times-Recorder and the Weekly Times-Recorder and Visitor. This partnership lasted about three weeks, when both Mr. Atwell and Mr. Acton retired, leaving Mr. Spencer sole proprietor. the entire establishment, Mr. Spencer becoming a stockholder and accepting the post of editor, and D. J. Richards t hat of business manager. When the Times-Recorder Company took hold of the Daily and Weekly, Times-Recorder, the word " Visitor being dropped, the former was a seven-column and the latter a nine-column (folio) paper, and both faced competitors possessing ample capital and with the prestige of age and success. Under the exceedingly able business management of David J. Richards, aided by the mental force displayed by the editor, Mr. Spencer, the Daily and Weekly Times Recorder immediately entered upon a career of extraordinary growth and success. Month by month and year by year, the Times-Recorder Company has extended the circulation of its publications and the scope of their influence until the Daily Times-Recorder, an eight-column folio, ranks among the brightest, ablest and newsiest of the inland Ohio dailies, while the weekly, now a superb seven-column quarto, is regarded as having few equals outside of those published in the great cities of the country. Mr. Spencer severed his connection with the Times-Recorder about January 1, 1889. Business Manager Richards also retired from active work, though retaining an interest in the establishment, on the 6th of March, 189o, and was succeeded by Thos. W. Lewis, as business manager. June I, 1892, Mr. Lewis resigned, and was succeeded by Mr. J. F. Halloran, who now has business and editorial charge of the paper. On January 1, 1886, a joint stock company, called the Times Recorder Company, purchased The Times-Recorder Company occupy their own building at No. 14 South Fifth street. The location is an exceedingly good one, being but a few steps from Main street, in the heart of the city, and their large, new building affords facilities for the operations of their business rarely excelled. The office has a frontage on Fifth street of thirty-four feet, and back of that stands the company's new building, reaching to the alley at the rear, embracing editorial, composing, press and job rooms, and having a floor space of 8,16o square feet. The company recently bought three magnificent new presses and equipped the concern with new type, with a part of which latter their publications were given a new dress, and these additions have placed the establishment in a position to take the head of the procession as publishers and job printers. The Zanesville Penny Press is the pioneer penny daily of the Muskingum Valley. The first. issue, April 1, 1891, was a five-column folio, and it was very popular from the start. In three months another column was added. It HISTORY OF MUSKINGUM COUNTY - 265 is independent in politics, fearless in its advocacy of the right and in denouncing the wrong. The first issue of the Weekly Press appeared April 6, 1892, and is an eight-page paper also independent in politics. W. O. Munson is the editor and manager of both papers. The News is the original and at present the only Sunday newspaper of Zanesville, and since its establishment in 1884 has outlived four would-be rivals. It endeavors to occupy the same field filled by the daily on the other days of the week, and it is no exaggeration to say that the News is highly successful in this respect. Since the paper passed under the control of its present proprietor, Chas. U. Shryock, in 1888, a complete job printing department has been added, and the facilities for the execution of this class of work is unexcelled by offices in much larger cities. The present home of the news is at 21 North Fifth. street, but the proprietor is making arrangements to occupy his own building at no distant day. Mr. Shryock is a native of Zanesville, where he was born in 1863, and after learning the printer's trade, spent several years in work on metropolitan papers. Returning to Zanesville in 1885, he spent three years in journalistic work on the local daily press, and since purchasing the News in 1888 has stamped prosperity upon that plant in unmistakable characters. His father, John T. Shryock, has been connected with the Zanesville press since 1859, and his name will be found elsewhere in these pages. The Zanesville Post, issued from 41 and 43 South Sixth street, by A. Schneider, who founded it in 1872, is the only German paper published in Muskingum; Guernsey, Noble, Morgan, Perry and Licking counties.. It is a four-page, eight column sheet, independent in politics. CHAPTER XIX SOCIETIES AND ASSOCIATIONS OF ZANESVILLE. MASONIC HALL ASSOCIATION is an incorporated organization. Its officers are James C. Gillespie, president; John C. Stonesipher, secretary; R. D. Schultz, treasurer. Zanesville Masonic. Temple, at the northwest corner of North Fourth and Market streets, was erected in 1857. Lodge of Amity, No. 5, F. & A. M. (Symbolic), was chartered June 24, 1805. Stated communications are held Friday evening on or before full moon. Herman Achauer, worshipful master; R. D. Schultz, senior warden; Henry Rockel, junior warden; Charles H. Brendel, secretary; L. Steinfeld, treasurer and the present officers. Lafayette Lodge No. 79, F. & A. M. (Symbolic), was chartered January 12, 1826. Stated communications are held the first Thursday evening of each month, The officers are William H. Bolin, worshipful master; John C. Mercer, senior warden; Will T. Lewis; junior warden; S. R. Moore, secretary; John P. Ford, treasurer. Zanesville Chapter, No. 9, R. A. M. (capitular), was chartered January 15, 1823. Stated communications are held on the first Monday evening of each month. L. Steinfeld is most excellent high priest; A. E. Allman, king; John Hartmeyer, scribe; Allen Hunter, secretary; James C. Gillespie, treasurer. Zanesville Council, No.12, R. & S. M. (Cryptic), organized February, 1884, has its stated assemblies on the second Thursday evening of each month. John Hartmeyer is T. I. M.; A. E. Allman, D. I. M.; Thomas Swan, P. C. of W.; John P. Ford, treasurer; H. C. Waterman, recorder; Frank Meyers, C. of G.; Harry Rockel; C. of C.; Alva B. Stock, steward; George. W. Harris, sentinel. Golden Rule Lodge, No. 3o, colored masons, was chartered June 20, 187o. Meets first Tuesday evening of each 'month in the hall at the corner of Main and Second streets. W. H. Pinn is worshipful master; John Bonnett, senior warden; Edward Meeford, junior warden; John Hunnicutt, secretary; James Norris, treasurer. Quinn Chapter, No. 15, meets on the second Tuesday evening of each month. Joseph Barnett is high priest; M. Simpson, king; John Hargraves, scribe; Jas. A. Guy, treasurer; John Hunnicutt, secretary. Malta Commandery, No. 17, meets on the third Tuesday evening of each 266 - HISTORY OF MUSKINGUM COUNTY. month. J. H. Hargraves, eminent commander; M. Simpson, general; J. B. Reynolds, C. G.; James A. Guy, scribe; William Finn, treasurer, are the officers. Esther Court, No. 9, meets on the first, and third Fridays of each month in the hall at the corner Main and First streets. Sister Alice Green is M. A. H.; Sister Ella Hamilton, Jr. H.; Sister Elizabeth Grant, treasurer.; Sister Lizzie Pinn, secretary; Wm. H. Pinn, F. J. Odd Fellows.—Muskingum Lodge, No. 28, meets every Tuesday evening in Odd Fellows' Temple, 100 Main street. J. F. Garrett is noble grand; J. C. -Flegal, vice grand; Al. E. Gary, permanent secretary; Robert Bowman, recording secretary; Louis F. Smith, treasurer; D. B. Gary Jr., Robert Thompson, George Kerner, trustees. It was chartered.May 11, 1844. Moxahala Lodge, No. 144, instituted February 21, 185o, meets every Monday evening in Odd Fellows' Hall, 100 Main street. J. J. Forsythe, is noble grand; S. J. Wills, vice grand; Edward Gigax, permanent secretary; John Myer, recording secretary; Charles F. Hearing, treasurer. Woodlawn Lodge, No. 228,. instituted March 16, 1864, meets every Tuesday evening at Odd Fellows' Hall, Putnam avenue, Ninth ward. E. J. Manley is noble grand; J. J. Drake, vice grand; C. W. Johnson, recording secretary; John H. Drake, permanent secretary; David Gobel, treasurer; George E. Williams, James Shaw, John Parshall, trustees. Mechanics' Lodge, No. 230, chartered February 5, 1854, meets every Thursday evening in Odd Fellows' Temple, 100 Main street, C. S. Richardson is noble grand; A. E. Howell, vice grand; J. H. Coke, permanent secretary; Ambrose Blocksom, recording secretary; W. Dryfus, treasurer; G. R. Humphreys, Robert Atherton, Joseph Purcell, trustees. Mozart Lodge, No. 423, meets every Wednesday evening in Odd Fellows' Temple, 100 Main street. J Beckhardt is noble grand; A. Berkstein, vice grand; August Miller, permanent secretary; C. Russe, recording secretary; Philip Hoffman, treasurer. Odd Fellows' Hall Association, meets on the first Tuesday of each month at Odd Fellows' Temple, at 7:3o p. m. George D. Gibbons is president; Isaac Humphrey, secretary; George A. Allen, treasurer; George D. Gibbons, Robert Thompson, Edward Gigax, George Kenner, William L. Langton, Eugene Printz, Louis F. Smith. Elizabeth Lodge, No. 26, Daughters of Rebekah, instituted January 12, 1870, meets each alternate Saturday eveving in Odd Fellows' Temple, 100 S. Main street. Mrs. Anna Stinger is noble grand; Mrs. Louisa Harris, vice grand; Mrs. Agnes Herman, permanent secretary; Mrs. Harrington, recording secretary; John H. Andrews, treasurer. Howard Encampment, No. 79, instituted March 31, 1845, meets first and third Friday evenings of each month in Odd Fellows' Temple, too Main street. George A. Murdock, C. P.; John A. Morrow, high priest; W. S. Vogel, senior warden; J. B. Stockdale, junior warden; Wolf Dryfus, treasurer; W. R. Hazlett, scribe. Canton Nova, No. 9, Patriarchs Militant. Regular meeting on the second Friday evening of each month. Drill fourth Friday evening of each month in Odd Fellows' Temple, 100 Main street. James A. Taylor, commandant; George Williams, lieutenant; Charles Hess, ensign; J. A. Miner, clerk; W. B. Deacon, accountant. The Odd Fellows' Beneficial Association of Muskingum Valley, organized April 26, 1869, has its regular annual meeting on the second Tuesday in January at Odd Fellows' Temple, Zanesville. George Rishtine is president; J. A. Parshall, vice president; August Miller, treasurer; W. R. Hazlett, secretary. Grand Army of the Republic.—Hazlett Post, No. 81, meets every Monday evening in G. A. R. Hall, Memorial building, N. Fifth street. It was organized June 1, 1881, with the following charter members: C. C. Goddard, W. S., Harlan, T. J. Newman, A. H. Watts, Andros Guille, R. F. Smart, J. W. Martin, Alfred Ball, D. B. Gary, Frederick Geiger, George A. Gardner, Fenton Bagley, Howard Aston, J. H. Drake, R. B. Brown, A. H. Evans, D. Zimmer, Enos F. Taylor, A. F. Munson, Charles Grant, J. W. Pinkerton, Moses M. Granger, Frederick C. Dietz, C. W. Potwin, Samuel C. Wiles, M. V. B. Kennedy, N. S. McBee, C. C. Wiles, John Martin, R. H. Cunningham, Samuel H. John, G. F. Axline, Joshua Downerd, J. H. Axline, Harry Barker Jr., Henry L. Korte, Joseph Shaw, W. J. Chandler, Jesse S. Arter, W. A. Munson, J. T. Gorsuch, H. C. Lillibridge, S. F. Edgar, Theo Crowl, H. M. Sedgwick, Thomas McLees, Howard Israel, D. B. Parker, A. B. Chilcote, L. B. Wilson, J. S. Beach, Thomas Black, Thomas C. Beahan, C. L. Moore, Alex McConnell, E. B. Hauer, Wilson C. Moore, Frank J. Van Horn, George S. Warner, S. V. Harris, Daniel Dugan, D. J. Brown, Fred M. Willey, C. C. Ong, James Dickerson, John A. Green, George James, Abram Emery, William H. Foye, John W. Tanner. The officers at this time are the following: S. M. Willey,.post commander; Ernest Scott, senior vice commander; H. R. Lupton, junior vice commander; C. C. Wiles, adjutant; G. F. Axline, quartermaster; James Brennan, surgeon; W. K. Watson, chaplain; J. W. Purcell, officer of the day; S. C. I. Devoll, officer of the guard; A. F. Munson, ser- HISTORY OF MUSKINGUM COUNTY - 267 geant major; Charles F. Willey, quartermaster sergeant; W. S. Maxwell, L. F. Langton, R. J. J. Harkins, trustees. Hazlett Relief Corps, No. 11 (auxiliary to Hazlett Post), meets first and third Thursday evenings of cach month in Memorial hall, N. Fifth street. Mrs. Lida VanHorn, president; Mrs. Lucy Mack, secretary; Mrs. Lizzie Taylor, treasurer. Knights of Pythias.—McIntire Lodge, No. 38, instituted November 30, 1871, meets every Friday evening in Castle hall, Main street. C. E. Maneely, P. C.; A. E. Starr, C. C.; William Burns, V. C.; Edwin Taylor, Prelate; R. J. Brown, K. of R. and S.; R. J. Brown, M. of F.; T. C. Grimes, M. of E.; Fred Stremmel, M. at A.; N. E. Bagley, I. G.; Goodsell Parshall, 0. G.; C. J. Heckman, deputy. Zanesville Lodge, No. 172, meets every Thursday evening in Castle hall, Main street. Moses Frank is C. C.; Fred Friesinger, V. C.; Jacob Eppley, Prelate; Charles Spoerl, K. of R. and S.; Simon Lenser, M. of F. Star Lodge, No. 30, meets each alternate Monday evening in the Athenaeum. A. P. Cusac is Dict.; C. W. Smith, Vice Dict.; J. Doudna, Past Dict.; L. W. Welling, Asst. Dict.; J. H. Drake, Rep.; W. S. Ball, Fin. Rep.; B. W. Jones, Treas.; W. W. Roach, Chap.; John Huskins, Guide; George W. Grim, Sent.; J. Doudna, John Huskins, T. E. Richards, Trustees. Zanesville Lodge, No. 3154, instituted March 25, 1885, meets alternate Monday evenings at Athenaeum hall, S. Fifth street. Samuel Hamilton is Dict.; G. F. Kemp, Vice Dict.; E. H. Hamilton, Asst. Dict.; F. C. McCaddon, Rep.; A. P. Clark, Fin. Rep.; H. E. Printz, Treas.; L. H. Reamy, Chap.; D. S. Carle, Guide; Clarence Fetzer, Guardian; Harry Hamilton, Sent.; W. E. Hamilton, Past Dict.; F. M. Varner, I. S. Spurgeon, John L. Mercer, Trustees. Vesta Lodge, No. 458, meets every Wednesday evening in Castle hall, Main street. M. E. Dunn is P. C.; G. B. Turner, C. C.; L. L. Stewart, V. C.; H. W. Booth, Prelate; F. W. Logan, K. of R. and S.; J. N. Palmer, M. of F.; H. G. Bodker, M. of E.; J. G. Thornberry, M. at A.; H. S. Moody, I. G.; R. L. Miller, 0. G.; H. M. Sedgwick, Deputy. Zane Commandery, No. 23, meets in Athenaeum Hall, on S. Fifth street. H. S. Moody is Corn.; J. L. Sammons, 1st V. C.; G. F. Kemp, 2d V. C.; F. C. McCaddon, Sec.; J. L. Mercer, P. Corn.; W. E. Hamilton Sr., Aid; G. H. Metzger, Jr., Aid; Dan Price, Guard; D. S. Carle, Sent. Knights and Ladies of Honor.—Jewel Lodge, No. 322, meets each alternate Thursday in Athena umbuilding, South Fifth street. Mrs. C. C. Curtis, Protector; Ellis G. Etzler, Vice Protector; W. H. Haworth, Secretary; C. E. Brooks, Financial Secretary; W. A. Weller, Treasurer. Grand United Order of Odd Fellows.—Guiding Star Lodge, No. 1880, chartered July 30, 1878, meets on the 1st and 3d Monday evenings of each month in the hall at 166 Main street. W. F. Jones is N. G.; Wm. Grayson, V. G.; T. J. Brown, N. F.; T. M. Tate, Per. Secretary; W. M. Pinn, Recording Secretary; Augustus Carlisle, Treasurer. Zanesville Patriarchs, No. 51, meets on the second Tuesday evening of each month in the hall at 166 Main street. J. H. Hargraves is Capt.; W. F. Jones, R. V. P.; T. J. Brown, V. P.; R. Barnett, W. P. P.; W. R. Bolden, W. P. R.; C. A. Hogans, W. P. T. Household of Ruth, No. 266, meets on the 2d and 4th Fridays of each month at 166 Main street. Mrs. A. Bolden is N. G.; Mrs. F. Thomas; Mrs. M. Barnett, M. N. G.; Mrs. L. Pinn, W. R.; Mrs. Young, W. T. Royal Arcanum—Hope Council, No. 82, instituted April 16, 1868, meets on the 1st and 3d Monday evenings of each month over the Citizen's National Bank. John L. Smith is Regent; George E. Glossman, V. Regent; John S. Price, Secretary; R. J. Brown, Collector; Charles P. Worrell, Treasurer. American Legion of Honor.—Lincoln Council, No. 354, meets on the 2d and 4th Tuesday evenings of each month in citizens National Bank building, second floor. E. E. Lorimer is Com.; Thomas Coulton, Vice Corn.; W. H. Pierpont, Secretary; R. J. Brown, Collector; A. V. Smith, Treasurer. Junior Order United American Mechanics.—Zane Council, No. 6, meets every Wednesday evening in P. 0. S. of A. Hall, Main street. C. T. Dowell is Councilor; R. H. Starkey, P. C.; Ben Uphold, V. C.; B. F. Venrick, Rec. Secretary; T. J. Wise, Asst. Rec. Secretary; A, A. Bomen, Fin. Secretary; E. G. Cross, Treasurer; C. W. Baggels, Sentinel; W. G. Knowlden, Warden; Fred Grieve, Conductor. Ancient Order United Workmen—Zane Lodge, No. 30, meets on the 1st and 4th Tuesday evenings of each month in the hall over the postoffice. T. B. Kerr is M.W.; D. B. Gary, Financier; John McCaslin, Recorder; John Baltsly, Foreman; Howard Aston, Receiver. A. A. of I. and S. W.—A. A. of I. and S. W. meets at the northwest corner of Sixth and Main streets, in the Curran Block, every other Saturday evening. Wm. R. Matthews is President; Charles Denner, Secretary. B. P. O. Elks—Zanesville Lodge, No. 114, meets each alternate Wednesday evening in Elks' Hall, Masonic Building. John A. Morrow is Exalted Ruler; S. A. Baldwin, Est. 268 - HISTORY OF MUSKINGUM COUNTY. Leading Kt.; A. J. Parker, Est. Loyal Kt. C. D. Wedge, Est. Lecturing Kt.; James H. Smart, Esquire; F. M. Ford, Secretary; W. C. Conrad, I. G.; Wm. Smart, Treasurer; . Ernest Scott, Tyler. Knights of Labor—Buckeye Assembly, No. 2444, meets every Tuesday evening in Trades and Labor Hall, at the corner of Main and Fifth streets. J. J. Roll is M. W.; Jas. A. Fanton, W. F.; Jos. A. Bauer, R. S.; Fred Factor, Treasurer. Mayflower Assembly, No. 469, meets every Thursday evening in Knights of Labor Hall. Samuel Campbell is M. W.; Charles Coverdale, W. F.; E. T. Roberts, R. S.; John McDonald, F. S.; Rufus Chidester, Treasurer. Zane Assembly, No. 2688, meets every Monday evening at Labor Hall; Henry Vogt is M. W.; Frank Long, W. F.; Charles Akerson, R. S.; George Spangler, F. S.; John Purcell, Treasurer. Cigar Makers' International Union—Zanesville Union, No. 173, meets the 1st Monday evening of each month; A. Wharton is President; P. D. McCann, Vice-President; P. A. Carr, Secretary; M. McCabe, E. F. McGovern, James McCarty, P. A. Carr, Board of Trustees. The Muskingum County Undertakers' Association meets on the second Monday of each month at Arnold & Bateman's undertaking rooms. J. L. Reed (White Cottage), President; F. F. Mader (Zanesville), Treasurer; W. M. Bateman (Zanesville), Secretary. Fraternal Mystic Circle.—Valley Ruling, No. 53. Meets second and fourth Thursdays of each month. W. M. Dodd is W. R., John B. Smith, W. V. R.; J. F. Stemm, W. P. R.; W. M. Shinnick, Jr., recorder; Fred Abel, Jr., collector; H. E. Printz, treasurer; Dr. C. E. Brush med. examiner; F. M. Tarrier, chaplain, C. C. Conwell, marshall; C. Wm. Howard, Warden; G. D. Seright, guard; R. J. Brown, sentry. Patriotic Order Sons of America.—Camp 41, P. O. S. of A., meets every Friday evening in P. O. S. of A. hall, Main street, L. G. Dover is P. P.; W. Burlingame, president; 0. M. Wiseman, vice president; H. W. McOwens, M. of F.; F. T. Gurley , recording secretary; J. A. O'Donnel, financial secretary; C. O. Carnes, treasurer. Wm. Johnson, chaplain; 0. M, Wiseman, Jno. Jordan, P. J. Snyder, trustees. Camp 43, P. O. S. of A., instituted June 6, 1879, meets each alternate Monday evening in P. O. S. of A. Hall, over First National Bank, Main street. F. D. Ford is president; Elmer 3arton, vice president, J. L. Sammons, M. of F.; Wm. Hager F. S.; C. A. Barton, treasurer; F. W. Logan recording secretary. Washington Camp, 47, P. 0. S. of A., instituted February 9, 1881, meets every Thursday evening in Painters' Union hall, Main street. Wm. Wells is P. P.; Wm. H. Tanner, president; J. Crooks, vice president and M. of F. and S.; Benj. Highfield, recording secretary; S. C. Scott, financial secretary; C. E. Maneely, treasurer; Wm. Wells, chaplain; D. P. Mercer, W. M. Wells, John Henderson, trustees. The National Union.—Putnam Council, No. 162, meets on the last Wednesday of each month over the Citizens' National Bank, Main street. H. L. Anderson is president; T. W. Lewis, vice president; Ed. Gigax, secretary; Thomas Scott, financial secretary; H. Limbacher, treasurer. The Ancient United Order of Druids.—Concordia Grove, No. 13,instituted May 3, 1858, meets every Tuesday evening in Athenaeum hall, 32 South Fifth street, Jacob Paulus, N. A.; Edmund Ritzer, V. A.; Adam Pfeifer, secretary; Frank Kaechele, treasurer; Charles Brendel, David Goodman, August Shaum, trustees. Rechabites.—Banner Tent, No. 111, instituted August 12, 1880, meets Thursday evenings in the hall over post-office. Edwin Ball is D. R ; Geo. Vaughn, recording secretary. Excelsior Tent, No. 8o, instituted March 21, 1879, meets every Friday evening in Athenaeum hall, South Fifth. W. C. Hager is recording secretary. Lily of the Valley Tent, No. 27, meets each alternate Friday evening in the hall over the post-office. Miss Allie Lampton, recording secretary. Matthews Junior Tent, No. 12, meets every Wednesday evening in Athenaeum hall, South Fifth street. David Matthews, recording secretary. Peerless Tent, meets every alternate Saturday evening, in Athenaeum hall, South Fifth street. Mrs. Harris is recording secretary. Mary and Martha Society.—Meets in the basement of the chapel of St. Thomas Church, every fourth Sunday in each month. Miss Maggie McCarty, president. Knights of St. Thomas.—Meet the first Sunday in each month at 1:3o o'clock, P. M. in their hall on the corner of Main and Third streets. Jas. McCarty is president, P. D. McCann, vice presideut; P. A. Carr, secretary; M. McCabe, E. F. McGovern, Jas. McCarty, P. A. Carr, board of trustees. Zanesville City Guards.—Co. B. 17th Regiment, Infantry, O. N. G. meets every Monday evening at the armory, in Memorial building, North Fifth street. Joseph Beckhart is captain; Chauncey Ogle, 1st lieutenant; Chas, H. Booz, 2d lieutenant; Charles H. Taylor, Sergeant. Zanesville Light Artillery.—Battery C., 1st Regiment, Light Artillery, 0. N. G. is HISTORY OF MUSKINGUM COUNTY - 269 officered thus: H. A. Leslie, captain; D. H. Gaumer, 1st lieutenant; C. F. Brendel, 2d lieutenant; C. F. Atwell, Sergeant. St. Joseph Benevolent Society organized July 25, 1878, meets in St. Nicholas hall. J. N. Steiner is president; John Schiele, secretary. The German Benevolent Society, meets at Horn's hall. Simon Linser is president; J. N. Steiner, secretary. Building and Loan Association.-The Buckeye Building and Loan Co., of Zanesville, Ohio, has a capital stock of $1,000,000. B. Wheeler is president; T. W. Lewis, vice-president; H. A. Sharpe, treasurer; F. Bagley, secretary and attorney. The Equitable Building Co., Zanesville, incorporated October 27, 1887; capital $1,000,000 is thus officered: F. C. Dietz, president; A. W. Richards, vice-president; George Brown, secretary; A. V. Smith, treasurer; George Brown, attorney. The Farmers' Building and Loan Co., of Zanesville; incorporated June 8, 1889; organized June 18, 1889; has a capital stock, $1,000,000. Howard Aston is president; Wm. M. Bateman, vice-president; G. A. Allen, secretary; F. C. Dietz, treasurer; Henry R. Stanbery, attorney. The Homestead Building and Savings Co.; incorporated February 28, 1884; has assets aggregating $214,479.89. Robert Silvey is president; Geo. D. Gibbons, vice-president; Alex. Grant, treasurer; T. F. Spangler, secretary and attorney. The Young Men's Christian Association rooms are at 51 N. 5th Street. A. P. Pinkerton is president of the local association, which was organized November I I, 1867; C. S. Harkinson, vice-president; O. L. Martin, recording secretary; John S. Derwacter, treasurer; E. H. Pierce, general secretary. The Young Women's Christian Temperance Union meet in the Y. M. C. A. rooms. Miss M. Bird is recording secretary; Miss May Wildman, treasurer. St. Nicholas Association, organized in 1854, meets in St. Nicholas School hall. J. N. Steiner is president; Theodore Dosch, secretary. The Ohio Bible Society met in Zanesville, Sept. 3, 1818. It was its sixth annual meeting. The following officers were elected for the ensuing year: General Isaac Van Horne, president; Rev. J. Culbertson and Rev. J. Wright, vice-presidents; Rev. S. P. Robbins, corresponding secretary; Edwin Putnam, recording secretary; David Putnam, treasurer; Revs. L. Harris, S. P. Robbins, J. Culbertson, J. Moore, J. Wright, W. Gould, Levi Whipple and W. R. Putnam, trustees. It would be interesting, could it be done, to trace the further history of this society. Temperance societies began to be formed in this county in 1825-26. The Old Settlers' Association was organized at Odd Fellows' hall, August 30th, 1867. At a meeting, September 13, 1867, a constitution was adopted and signed by the following persons: G. M. Crooks, Sr., born 1795, came into the county in 1798; I. B. Brookover, born 1790, came 1806; David Gibson Porter, born in Zanesville in 1806; John Dulty, born 1791, came 1811; Frederick A. Seborn, born 1813, came 1820; Elijah H. Church, born in Zanesville in 1809; A. C. Ross, born in Zanesville in 1812; Amasa Van Horne, born 1795, came 1815; Valentine Best, born 1816, in what is now a portion of Zanesville; Silvers Porter, born in Newton township in 1817; Peter H. Morgan, born in 1805, came 1817; Stephen Burwell, born 1803, came 1816; John Wolf, born 1789, came 1837; William I. Green, born 1804, came 1814; Benjamin F. Leslie, born 1812, came 1820; Cecelia C. Beatty, born in Zanesville 1820; John Church, born in Zanesville 1816; John Greiner, came 1835; Margaret A. Porter; L. H. Dugan, came 1817; David Johns, born 1807, came 1819; Christian Grim, born 1800, came 1828; I. H. Sullivan; I. Belknap, born 1792, came 1816; James Granger, born 1788, came 1816; James Hocking, born 1788, came 1830; Elijah Sullivan. John Peters was the first president and L. H. Dugan the first secretary, to organize. The first duly elected officers for the year ending May 1, 1868, were Rev. Cornelius Springer, president; Col. Elias Ellis, first vice-president; John Peters, second vice-president; Col. John Crooks, third vice-president; L. H. Dugan, corresponding secretary; F. A. Seborn, recording secretary. This society met as late as November 16, 1867, but no record is extant of any subsequent organized activity. The aged citizens of Muskingum county assembled at the court house at 10 A. M., May 21, 1886, for the purpose of organizing a historical society to be composed of the elderly ladies and gentlemen of said county, and organized temporarily by calling John Sims, of Rich Hill to the chair, who appointed William Gray, of Falls, secretary. The following were appointed a committee on permanent organization: Samuel Pollock, of Rich Hill, Joshua Butler of Muskingum, C. H. Trimble of Blue Rock, Jacob Worts of Salem and John G. McConnell of Brush Creek. This committee reported Thomas McLees for president and B. F. Swingle for vice-president. On motion of Joshua Butler it was decided that all persons of the age of fifty years and over be eligible to membership in the society. Following is the roll of members as it appears in the record of 270 - HISTORY OF MUSKINGUM COUNTY. the first meeting: T. McLees, Isaac Pyle, Abraham Cooper, William Gray, Jefferson Honnold, James Colvin, Joseph Lyons, LaFayette Baker, James Platt, Jason Spencer, Joshua Butler, George Welch, David Stokeley, Chauncey Ford, J. G. Jones, John Sims, Llewellyn Warne and wife, William Williams, George Peairs, Joseph Peairs, Solomon Rees, Samuel Hadden, S. W. Moore, M. B. Robertson, William Dunn, Joshua Downard, Balser Dietrick, Albe Showers, Thomas Showers, William F. Swingle, Solomon S. Baughman and wife, Mrs. Jason Spencer, Marshall Stultz, C. N. Trimble, John M. Bell, Cynthia Moore, R. Slack, J. Worts, Samuel Conns, Precilla Sims, Jacob Bannister, Pierce Warne, James S. Moore, Thomas Williams, Captain William C. Tanner. The original idea, as advocated by Thomas McLees and others, was to make only those eligible to membership who were at least fifty years old and were owners and occupants of the homes, in Muskingum county in which they were born. A more accommodating rule was adopted and in time all old residents of the county were made eligible without regard to place of nativity. At the second meeting, held at Zanesville, August 21, 1886, President McLees in the chair, William Gray was elected secretary. This organization had a continuous existence until it was superseded by the present Pioneer and Historical Society of Muskingum County, a history of which appears elsewhere in this volume. Zanesville Hospital Association.—These articles of incorporation of the Zanesville City Hospital Association, witnesseth, that we the undersigned, all of whom are citizens of the state of Ohio, desiring to form a corporation not for profit under the general incorporation laws of said state, do hereby certify: First, the name of said corporation shall be "The Zanesville City Hospital Association," Second, said corporation shall be located, and its principal business transacted, at Zanesville, in Muskingum county, Ohio. Third, the purpose for which said corporation is founded is: 1st, to provide medical and surgical aid and nursing for sick and disabled persons, free of expense to those unable to pay, and at a cost to those who are able to pay the amount to be determined by the trustees; 2nd, to instruct and train suitable persons in the duties of nursing and attending upon the sick; 3rd, to carry into execution such other purposes and objects, incidental and kindred to those above set out, as the trustees may from time to time prescribe; 4th, this corporation is not created for profit, but will rely for its establishment and support, on the voluntary gifts of the charitable and humane; and therefore is to have no capital stock. In witness whereof, we have hereunto set our hands this 19th day of February, 1888, (signed) C. W. Potwin, James Buckingham, John C. Sullivan, Moses M. Granger, C. Stolzenbach, T. F. Spangler, N. T. Gant. Signed and sealed by Alfred A. Frazier, notary public, Muskingum county, Vincent Cockins, clerk of court, Muskingum county, James S. Robinson, secretary of the state of Ohio. The foregoing charter was obtained February 19, 1888, by the aforesaid signers. The organization was never perfected and, therefore, no work was done under the charter. When the Zanesville City Hospital Association was effected April, 1890, it was decided to take up the work under the original articles of incorporation obtained in 1888. Article first of the by-laws reads as follows: Section 1, the incorporated name of this organization shall be the Zanesville City Hospital Association; section 2, the object and purpose of this Association is to establish and maintain in the city of. Zanesville, Ohio, a hospital for the care and treatment of sick and disabled persons, without regard to creed, color or condition; section 3, the management and control of the property, business and concerns, shall be and are invested in the board of trustees, with power to fill until next annual eleetion, all vacancies which may occur in the board and with power to organize a medical board for hospital, and to appoint the matron and such assistants, nurses and servants as may be necessary to carry out the purposes of the association, and to take such other action consistent with law, and the character of the assocaition as in its judgment shall tend to promote the objects thereof and increase the efficiency of the organization; section 4, the officers shall be a president, two vice-presidents, (1st and 2nd,) treasurer and secretary; section 5, the regular meetings of the board of trustees shall be held on the second Tuesdays of April. June, August, October, December and February of each year. Special meetings may be called by the president and secretary at any time and shall be so called upon the written request of any two members." The hospital buildings were dedicated and formally opened on Thursday, January 22, 1891. The committee on arragements consisted of Mrs Fenton Bagley, Mrs. J. C. Harris and Mrs. J. W. Pinkerton. They appointed Rev. F. Richards to arrange the programme and to make the dedicatory address. The following, from the HISTORY OF MUSKINGUM COUNTY - 271 address of the president contains the history of the institution to that date: " In March, 1890, the matter was once more brought to the front by a few ladies, and a called meeting of all persons interested in the work resulted in a most enthusiastic gathering in the parlors of the Young Men Christian Association. An organization was effected which, after careful investigation, and in strict conformity to law, resulted in the present organization, which is known as the Zanesville Hospital association, and consists of a board of twelve trustees and twenty-four managers, all ladies, and an advisory board of four gentlemen. The trustees were elected and took the oath of office on the first day of May, 1890. Then began the active work to secure the needful funds to give the idea definite form and purpose—in other words, to get a suitable building for a hospital. The price of membership was placed at $1.00, so that none might be debarred from its privileges. There are now something over 450 members. We want 2,000 more. Subscription papers were circulated and many very generous donations made—not only by residents of our own city, but by many former citizens, and some by friends who have never lived here. One donation of $1,000 came from an unexpected source, and entirely without solicitation. The donator was a woman, Mrs. Curran Blue. The mid-summer carnival, so well planned, so successfully carried out, played no small part in our financial aid. In August the trustees found on their subscription books the amount of $9,000. After much anxious thought, and with the consent and encouragement of our advisory board, we decided to risk the debt that would be incurred, and purchased this — the Peabody homestead, for $10,000, paying at the time of purchase $4,400. In September a payment was made of $1,500, and in October $1,000. We have in bank today $823 and some unpaid subscriptions. The details of the work done since need not be given here. When it was decided two weeks ago to get this building ready to open to-day, there were some heavy hearts among us, as the thought of the expense loomed up before us. They are lighter to-cjay. Look around you—all through the house and see what generous people have done. Every article here and all the expense of changing has been donated, and many others have come asking what can we do? What are our hopes for the future? In view of all that has been accomplished in three months less than a year, have we not a right to indulge in very large hopes? While much has been done, much remains to be done. To those who desire to help in this good work, we would say there is room for work in furnishing the free wards on this floor. Do not let us stop now till all is complete." Board Trustees, 1890.—Mrs. James Herdman, *Mrs. M. M. Granger, *Mrs. Florence Lynn, Mrs. F. J. Terry, Mrs. James Peabody, *Miss Mattie A. Taylor, † Mrs. E. G. Silvey, Mrs. James Buckingham, Mrs. T. B. Townsend, *Mrs. Ellen M. Gattrell, Mrs. D. I. Jones, Mrs. Julius Frank, †Mrs. C. C. Goddard, † Mrs. W. W. Harper, † Miss Jennie T. Ball. The board of 1890 organized by electing the following officers: President, Mrs. James Herdman; first vice-president, Mrs. James Buckingham; second vice-president, Mrs. F. J. Terry; secretary, *Miss Mattie A. Taylor; (Miss Jennie T. Ball; treasurer, *Ellen M. Gattrell, tW. H. Pierpoint. Advisory Board, 1890.—Rev. F. Richards, F. H. Southard, C. Stolzenbach, M. Churchill. Board Trustees, 1891.—Elected at the Annual meeting, April 13th, 1891; elected for three years: Mrs. James Herdman, Mrs. F. J. Terry, Mrs. James Buckingham, *Mrs. W. E. Guthrie; elected for two years: Mrs. C. C. Goddard, Mrs. Fenton Bagley, *Mrs. Julius Frank, Mrs. W. W. Harper; elected for one year, Mrs. James Peabody, Mrs. D. I. Jones, Mrs. T. B. Townsend, *Mrs. T. J. Maginnis, Mrs. Willis Bailey. The Board of 1891 organized by electing the following officers: President, Mrs. James Herdman; first vice-president, Mrs. James Buckingham; second vice-president, Mrs. T. F. J. Terry; secretary, Mrs. Fenton Bagley, treasurer, W. H. Pierpoint. Advisory Board, 1891.—For one year—Rev. F. Richards; for two years, C. Stolzenbach; for three years, F. H. Southard; for four years, M. Churchill. Hospital Medical Staff, 1891.—January and February—Dr. J. T. Davis and Dr. E. C. Logsdon. March and April—Dr. T. J. Barton and Dr. J. M. Fassig. May and June—Dr. H. T. Sutton and Dr. J. C. Crossland. July and August—Dr. Lenhart, Sr. and Dr. J. Jordan. September and October—Dr. C. M. Lenhart and Dr. O. M. Wiseman. November and December—Dr. J. Holden and Dr. A. J. Parker. Consulting physicians: Dr. A. E. Bell, Dr. Z. C. McElroy, Dr. J. S. Haldeman. Consulting surgeons: Dr. J. G. F. Holston, Dr. Jno. F. Kennedy, Dr. E. C. Brush. Specialist—eye and ear: Dr. L. R. Culbertson. *Resigned. † Elected to fill vacancy. 272 - HISTORY OF MUSKINGUM COUNTY. CHAPTER XXV CHURCHES OF ZANESVILLE. IN his paper, "Pioneers of Putnam—Who I were They and What did They do ?" read before the Pioneer and Historical Society of Muskingum County, and by authority of that society placed at the disposal of the compiler of this work, Z. M. Chandler writes as follows: "The Methodist Episcopal church was the first church organized in Putnam or Zanesville, and probably the first in the county. Unfortunately, some twenty years ago, all of its records up to that time were burned. Thus, much of its early history is lost, amongst other matters of interest the names of its members. Mr. Goshen, however, in his reminiscences, has preserved much that is interesting. He says: `When I came here in 1805, I found no church organization or regular preaching of any kind. The Hockhocking circuit of the old Ohio district, Western conference, took in, as far as I can remember, Lancaster, Franklinton, Mansfield, Mt. Vernon, and appointments on the river below Coshocton, the name not now remembered, Hog-run, Bolingreen, thence back to Lancaster. In addition to these appointments, there were several other intervening appointments, the names of which I cannot now recall. At that time William Burk was presiding elder of the Ohio district, and James Quinn preacher in charge of Hockhocking circuit. I found a few Methodist families here and formed a class. Of that class I know of but one person now living (1864) except myself. At the annual conference that year ( 1805) John Sale was appointed presiding elder, and John Meeks, James Axley and Peter Cartwright, preachers on the Hockhocking circuit. Soon after conference, James Vickers and I had an interview with John Meeks, the preacher in charge, and requested him to put Putnam into his plan when he came near. He did so, gave us a week-day appointment and appointed me leader. In 1806 Hockhocking circuit was divided and Knox circuit set off, Putnam remaining in Hockhocking. In 1807, the circuit was divided and Muskingum district was set off. The circuit was also divided and Fairfield formed, to which Putnam was attached. In 1808, James Watts was sent to Wills Creek circuit. He took Zanesville into his plan and formed a class there. This took from us our members on that side of the river, but we continued to prosper and increase in members. In 1809, Levi Whipple, Esq., gave us a lot and we built a little frame meeting house 24x30 feet. The first Methodist meeting house in Zanesville was built in 1813. It was also frame. Continuing to prosper in 1829 and 1830, we built another house on the same ground. It was a brick building 40x50 feet. Mr. Goshen gave a list of elders and pastors who had charge of the church between 1805 and 1843 with the date of their appointment. There are, however, thirteen years of the time which he left blank, doubtless because he had no records from which to fill them. I copy this list without the dates. Presiding elders: Wm. Burk, John Sale, James Quinn, David Young; preachers: James Quinn, John Meeks, James Axley, Peter Cartwright, William Ellington, Ralph Lotspeach, Francis Travis, James Dickson, James B. Findley, John Clingan, William Dickson, — Ruark, Abner Goff, J. A. Waterman, J. Hooper, John Tivis, Thomas A. Morris (afterwards bishop), Cornelius Springer, James Gurley, Joseph Carper, Hand, James T. Donahon, James C. Taylor, John M. Trimble, James Armstrong, Martin F. Kellogg, Young, Edward D. Doe. Added from my own recollections: Presiding elders: Leroy Swarmstedt, Jacob Young, J. M. Jamison, Robert O. Spencer, James B. Findley; preachers: Michael Ellis, Samuel Hamilton, Henry S. Fernandis, David Whitcomb, James Courtney, James Gilruth, John W. Stone, Winter R. Davis. This list, containing the names of forty-four ministers is, of course, very incomplete. Besides the blanks that Mr. Goshen left, he often gave only the name of the preacher in charge of the circuit. There were always two and at one time, at least, there were three. The list, however, is HISTORY OF MUSKINGUM COUNT - 273 about as nearly correct as it can be made unless access could be had to the records of the Western and Ohio conferences for the period covered. Of all these nine presiding elders and thirty-five other preachers who traveled the district and circuit of which Putnam was a part, I think there are but three living—J. M. Trimble, J. M. Jamison and Winter R. Davis. * * * I said before that the records of the Putnam church were destroyed. Therefore there is only memory upon which I can depend for its history and the names of its earliest members. Of these I can distinctly recall only the following: John Goshen, James Vickers, Henry Miser, Samuel Seamans, Sr., William H. Moon, Gilbert Seamans, Samuel Chapman, Manning Putnam, Thomas Reese, William Perry, Winthrop Robinson and Elias Vickers and their wives, and John Russell, Mrs. John Kirk, Mrs. Jessie Smith, Miss Hattie McCauly and Samuel Seamans, Jr. I know there were many more who united with this church within eight or ten years after its organization, whose names I would gladly add to this roll if I could remember them. * * * From 1818 to 1835 there was no other church organization or regular preaching in Putnam. Before the latter date, its members reached into the hundreds. * * * In the year 1844, the Putnum church was detached from the circuit and made a separate station. * * * I append a list of pastors from that date until 1864, twenty years, from Mr. Goshen's papers, which is probably correct: John W. Stone, William Langare, B. N. Spahr, William I. Fee, Alfred M. Lorain, Edward D. Roe, -- Lybrand, — Bowman, W. Stewart, D. D. Mather, S. M. Merrill (now bishop), John Gregg, E. W. Kirkham, Charles C. McCabe, John Sowers, W. Benner, B. F. Thomas. Recently they have changed the name from Putnam to Moxahala avenue. The old time-honored, name would never have disgraced them." So much of the early history of this organization has been given. The following is derived from the statements of Messrs. Luther Adamson and Z. M. Chandler. The Putnam circuit comprised the following circuits of a later day: Philo circuit, Deaver town circuit, Roseville circuit, White Cottage circuit, Asbury circuit and other territory. The present church edifice was erected in 1863 at a cost of about $8,000. Capt. William Israel, Perry Wiles, Luther Adamson and others aided greatly toward this building. Rev. F. M. Stanley was pastor in charge. It is related that when he first spoke to the congregation of the possibility of erecting a new church, he said: "We want to build a suitable church in the city of Zanesville. If there is any one present who believes we can do it we want him to talk, and those who do not think we can build a church we want to keep silent for six weeks." An old subscription paper of some years previous was hunted up, and Mr. Stanley read the names of the several subscribers and the amount of the subscription of each, and asked every one present if he or she would stand by the old promise. Not one refused, and the project was carried to a successful issue. This church has always been prosperous, and the Sunday-school, which was organized in 1830, has ever since been a great success in every way. Under the pastorate of Rev. William Porter there was a series of revival meetings which ran through 100 consecutive days and resulted in the addition of 100 members to the church roll. The present pastor is Rev. Benjamin H. Stubbins. "Before the year 1800," wrote John W. King,* "there was no preacher here, and we have no means of knowing who were the members" [of the Second street Methodist Episcopal church]. "In that year the Western conference, which included all the territory west of the Alleghany Mountains, sent John Stoneman to work on the Muskingum and Hocking rivers. His field of labor was some 300 miles wide. He was followed in 1801 by J. P. Chenowort, who was succeeded in 1802 by N. B. Mills, and he in 1803 by William Reed. In 1804 the Ohio district of the Western conference was formed, with William Burk as presiding elder, and George Askins was appointed to the work in this part of the state. Mr. Askins was followed by James Quinn and John Meek. They were succeeded in 1806 by Luther Taylor, and in 1807 came that man of wonderful life, Peter Cartwright. In 1808 there is a doubt as to who labored in this field, but it is believed that Isaac Quinn and William Patterson were here. In 1809 the Muskingum district was formed out of part of the Ohio district, and James Quinn was appointed presiding elder, and James Watts and Ralph Lotspeed † were appointed to our part of the district. In 1810 William Sale was presiding elder, with no change made in the preachers. The following year came John Stronge and Jacob Mills. In 1812 James B. Finley [above and elsewhere spelled Findley] was appointed, and this was thought a promising field. "Our present Ohio conference was formed in 1813, including the Muskingum district, and in it we first find the name of Zanesville as an *History of Muskingum county, A. A. Graham, publisher, 1884, † Above this name is given Lotspeach. 274 - HISTORY OF MUSKINGUM COUNTY. appointment, which is as follows: 1813, presiding elder, David Young; preacher, John Clingan. 1814, presiding elder, David Young; preacher, William Dixon. 1815, presiding elder, David Young; preacher, John Kinkead. 1816, presiding elder, Jacob Young; preacher, William Knox. 1817, presiding elder, Jacob Young; preachers, John Waterman, Thomas Carse. 1818, presiding elder, Jacob Young; preachers, John Tivis, Samuel Glaze. 1819, presiding elder, Jacob Young; preachers, Thomas A. Morris, Charles Elliott. 1820, presiding elder, Jonathan Stamper; preachers, Thomas A. Morris, Samuel C. Brockemier. 1821, presiding elder, Charles Waddle; preachers, James Hooper, Archibald McElroy. 1822, presiding elder, Jacob Young; preachers, Leroy Swormstead, Moses M. Hinkle. "The next year the Zanesville station and the Zanesville circuit were constituted distinct, separate appointments in the Lancaster district, with Jacob Young as its presiding elder, and John P. Durbin sent to Zanesville as its first Methodist Episcopal preacher, during its first year as a station. * * * 1824, presiding elder, Jacob Young; preacher, L. Swormstead. 1825, presiding elder, Jacob Young; preacher, James Quinn. 1826, presiding elder, Jacob Young; preacher, David Young. 1827, presiding elder, David Young; preacher, Joseph Carper. 1828, presiding elder, David Young; preacher, W. B. Christie. 1829, presiding elder, David Young; preacher, Nathan Emery. 1830, presiding elder, David Young; preacher, Nathan Emery. 1831, presiding elder, L. Swormstead; preacher, Absalom D. Fox. "The next year Putnam was made a preaching place, and James Gilruth and Abner Goff were appointed there. In 1832 L. Swormstead was presiding elder; and Zanesville had J. M. Trimble. In 1833 the Zanesville district of the Ohio conference was formed, and the appointments were as follows: 1833, presiding elder, L. Swormstead; preacher, J. M. Trimble. 1834, presiding elder, L. Swormstead; preacher, Absalom D. Fox. 1835, presiding elder, J. Faree; preacher, David Whitcomb. 1836, presiding elder, D. Young; preachers, David Whitcomb, James Courtney. 1837, presiding elder, D. Young; preacher, William Simmons 1838, presiding elder, D. Young; preacher, William H. Lawder. 1839, presiding elder, Robert O. Spencer; preacher, William H Lawder. 1840, presiding elder, Robert 0. Spencer; preachers, Uriah Heath, John W. Stone. 1841, presiding elder, Robert O. Spencer; preachers, Uriah Heath, W. R. Davis. 1842, presiding elder, Robert O. Spencer; preachers, W. J. Ellsworth, J. F. Conway. 1843, presiding elder, J. B. Finley; preachers, W. J. Ellsworth, Joseph A. Waterman. 1844, presiding elder, J. B. Finley; preachers, William Young, J. A. Waterman. "The next year the society of Seventh street was formed from the Second Street church, by geographical lines, and the church whose record we have been tracing was henceforth known as Second Street church. 1845, presiding elder, J. B. Finley; preacher, George E. Crum. 1846, presiding elder, J. M. Jamison; preacher, George E. Crum. 1847, presiding elder, J. M. Jamison; preacher, M. Dustin. 1848, J. M. Jamison; preacher, M. Dustin. 1849, presiding elder, Jacob Young; preacher, Asbury Lowery. 1850, presiding elder, Jacob Young; preacher, Asbury Lowery 1851, presiding elder, Jacob Young; preacher, E. M. Boring. 1852, presiding elder, J. M. Trimble; preacher, J. W. White. 1853, presiding elder, J. M. Trimble; preacher, J. W. White. 1854, presiding elder, J. M. Trimble; preacher, J. A. Bruner. 1855, presiding elder, J. M. Trimble; preacher, J. A. Bruner. 1856, presiding elder, J. W. White; preacher, Ansel Brooks. 1857, presiding elder, J. W. White; preacher, Ansel Brooks. 1858, presiding elder, J. W. White; preacher, J. A. Frazier. 1859, presiding elder, J. W. White; preacher, J. A. Frazier. 1860, presiding elder, J. A. Frazier; preacher, Benj. St. J. Fry. 1861, presiding elder, J. A. Frazier; preacher, J. A. Creighton. 1862, presiding elder, J. A. Frazier; preacher, J. A. Creighton. 1863, presiding elder, J. A. Frazier; preacher, H. K. Foster. 1864, presiding elder, D. D. Mather; preacher, H. K. Foster. 1865, presiding elder, D. D. Mather; preacher, D. H. Moore. 1866, presiding elder, T. H. Phillips; preacher, D. H. Moore. This year the South Street Mission church was established with A. H. Windsor, preacher in charge. 1867, presiding elder, T. H. Phillips; preacher, D. H. Moore. 1868, presiding elder, William Porter; preacher, Thomas R. Taylor. 1869, presiding elder, William Porter; preacher, Thomas R. Taylor. 1870, presiding elder, William Porter; preacher, Isaac Cook. 1871, presiding elder, William Porter; preacher, Isaac Cook. 1872, presiding elder, L. Cunningham; preacher, Isaac Cook. 1873, presiding elder, L. Cunningham; preacher, J. W. Peters. 1874, presiding elder, L. Cunningham; preacher, J. W Peters. 1875, presiding elder, L. Cunningham; preacher, J. W Peters. 1876, presiding elder, M. T. Harvey; preacher, O. J. Nave. 1877, presiding elder, M. T. Harvey; preacher, O. J. Nave. 1878, presiding elder, M. T. Harvey; HISTORY OF MUSKINGUM COUNTY - 275 preacher, James Hill. 1879, presiding elder, M. T. Harvey; preacher, James Hill; 1880, presiding elder, James Hill; preacher, W. M. Mullenix. Giving permission to use this article in this work, Mr. King adds the following: 1881, presiding elder, James Hill; preacher, W. M. Mullenix. 1882, presiding elder, James Hill; preacher, J. M. Weir. 1883, presiding elder, James Hill; preacher, J. M. Weir. 1884, presiding elder, Isaac F. King; preacher, S. A. Keen. 1885, presiding elder, Isaac F. King; preacher, S. A. Keen. 1886, presiding elder, Isaac F. King; preacher, W. D. Cherrington. 1887, presiding elder, Isaac F. King; preacher, S. D. Hutzenpiller. 1888, presiding elder, Isaac F. King; preacher, T. C. Read. 1889, presiding elder, Isaac F. King; preacher, T. C. Read. 1890, presiding elder, John C. Miller; preacher, J. C. Arbuckle. 1891, presiding elder, John C. Miller; preacher, J. C. Arbuckle. "In the beginning they worshiped and held meetings in the court house. Several buildings have been built on the church lot. * * * The first church was begun in 1813. It was a one-story frame, 40x60 feet, with gable end toward Second street, with two doors in that end, each opening into an aisle. In the center, between the aisles, was a partition; the men sat on one side and the women an the other. It had for a long time no floor,. because the builders, Thomas Moorehead and William Craig, were unable to get seasoned lumber to finish it up with. This was borne with patiently, as many hours had been spent happily by our fathers and mothers in log cabins, with earthen floors. The lumber for the floor was ricked up in the west end of the building to season, and on it a four legged sewing stand served as a pulpit; behind it was the preacher's unpainted but well seasoned wooden chair. The people sat on the flat upper surface of the sills of the building. There were four large hewed posts in the room to support the ceiling and roof. Gilbert Blue finished up the inside of the house the next spring, and James Gurley * * * presented the society with two chandeliers, which were swung on pulleys from the ceiling. The doors were hung by strap hinges, and opened by wrought iron thumb latches. This building was in use until 1830, when the second house was erected, which was of brick, and stood in front of the old frame. James Millis took an active part in its erection. The church was one-story and had a regular old-fashioned meeting-house look—four windows on the north side, and four on the south, and two in the west end, with the pulpit between; and though very plain was comfortable. * * * The present house, which was the third, was built in 1860. During the time of its erection, the congregation occupied the old church (Radical) on South street, the present A. M. E. church. The plan was obtained by a committee appointed for the purpose, in Washington city. It is commodious and in good taste, a credit to the committee, and a very satisfactory church, with neat and comfortable sittings and a fine pipe organ. "The first record of the title papers by which the property is held is found February 2, 1814, Record 'D,' page 314, and is as follows: Jonathan Zane and Hannah his wife, John McIntire and Sarah his wife, to Christian Spangler, Samuel Frazey, Jesse Miller, James Vickers, Joseph Hawkins, John Spry, Barney Monroe, trustees, and their successors. Consideration $100.00 specie. Lot 8 rods east and west and 8 rods north and south, and being Lot 8, in Square No. 3, in the present plat of the city of Zanesville. * * * Following is a provision by Rev. David Young for erecting a church on this ground. The will bears date October 3, 1857, and was admitted to probate in Muskingum county, November 13, 1858. He gave his books to the trustees of this church to hold in trust for the benefit of the ministers in charge; he gave $12,000 to the trustees to be immediately expended in the erection (on the ground described in the deed by Zane and wife and McIntire and wife) of a good, substantial, neat house of worship, having a basement story entered above ground, for the use and occupancy of the M. E. church, by the ministers and members according to the discipline, usages and regulations thereof. 'The seats in said house of worship to be forever free; and any departure from this requisition as to free seats shall work a forfeiture of the whole of said sum of $12,000. And the trustees in office at the time of the occurrence of any such forfeiture shall be individually liable to refund to his heirs at law the whole of said $12,000. It was furtheremore provided that if any additional sum over said $12,000 be needed to build said church, it should be raised on bonds, so that no debt should be on the house at its dedication. And further provided that if Daniel Brush should be alive at the time this church was to be built, that he should design the form and proportions of the house. He appointed as executors Daniel Brush, John Dillon, Jr., N. Gauttrell, John Taylor, Jr., and Austin Berry. Mr. King states that during the ministry of 276 - HISTORY OF MUSKINGUM COUNTY. Rev. D. H. Moore, a three month's revival meeting was held which resulted in the conversion of nearly 200 souls. "The first class meeting was held, in a cabin built on the ground where Jones & Abbotts' foundry (on Third street) now stands. This was in 1805 and was led by Father John Goshen. * * * * * * Following is a list of the members on the 4th day of May, 1823, as recorded by Rev. John P. Durbin, the pastor: "Samuel Parker, Betsy Bird, Mary Jones, Polly Miller, Hannah Axley. Lucinda Malsburg, Mary Davis, Nancy McCann, Maria Stone, Mary Lane, Louisa Miller, Alice Mast, Charlotte Spangler, Martha Day, Ann Parker, Catharine Wilson, Margaret Barber, Lydia Harper, Rebecca Riley, Gilbert McFadden, Thomas Lehue, Joseph Wilson, William Luck, John Elbertson, Joseph Storer, William Mackey, Isaac Wilson, John Houck, Joseph Chapman, Michael Dutro, Samuel Storer, Joseph Wilson, Jacob Johnson, George Girty, William Langly, James Millis, Levi Wilson, Alexander Martin, William Cook, George Storer, Nancy Dutro, Rhoda Bailey, Nancy Parker, Margaret Harvey, Catherine Lehue, Sarah A. Nash, :Elizabeth N. Norris, Mary Ann Hazlett, Eliza Brooke, Mary Smeltzer, Eliza Smith, Minerva Westlake, Thomas Moorehead, Maria Sum, Elizabeth Sum, Sarah Morris, Drusilla Thrap, Sophia Houk, Ann Goff, Hettie Frazey, Martha Goff, Sarah Leslie, Catharine Miller, Mary Ferguson, Ann Spangler, Jane McFadden, Dorcas Anson, Mary Reed, Elizabeth Allen, Sue Brush, Ann Randall, Louisa Patrick, Daniel Brush, Mary Young, James S. Fletcher, Peggy, Fletcher, Rachel Fletcher, William Fletcher, Mary Carter, Catharine Fletcher, Jane Philly, Isabella Cunningham, Mary Harris, Eleanor Killen, Mary Pardy, John A. Willey, Nancy Willey, Mary Willey, John Snow, Elizabeth Snow, Hannah Cox, Hannah Brooke, Triffy Younger, Cornelius Woodruff, Peggy Woodruff, Hettie Dwyer, Jonathan Brelsford, Eliza Brelsford, Mary Wilson, John W. Spry, Jane Spry, Minerva Zane, Rachel Luck, Hester Alexander, Elizabeth Sackman, Henry Wilson, Amanda Wilson, Huldah Wilson, Zadoc Hall. Charles Bailey, Phebe Bailey, George Golden, Rebecca Richardson, Catharine McFadden, A. Fleming, Lydia Flemming, Ellen Wood, Jacob Mittinger, Rachel Young, Edward W. Christie, William Armstrong, Ann Armstrong, Eleanor W. Quinn, Joseph Winters, Alexander Smith, Elizabeth Smith, Cornelia Howard, Wesley Turner, Sarah Fleming, Richard Hocking, Lucinda Hocking, Jephtha Noah, Elizabeth Willey, Mary Fletcher, Mary Bateman, Nancy Winecoop, William Fleming, Elizabeth Beeman, Elizabeth Vanzant, Mary Beard, Nancy Wilson, Maria Lawrence, Mary Harvey, Re-becca Beck, Olcutt White, Etta White, James Henderson, John Carter, Ann Smith, Elizabeth Lander, Barbara Philly, Patience Skinner, Ann Gibo, Mary Dreble, Rebecca Westbrook, Harriet Burgess, Harriet Johnson, Mary Harvey, Fannie Parker, Christian Olive, Elizabeth Gibo, William Kirk, Hannah Kirk, Jane Cooper, Ann Parker, Sophia McMillen, Betsy Leslie, Sarah Hahn, Ann Chambers, Eliza Mast. Elizabeth Spangler, Lucy Chapman, Elizabeth Twaddle, Martha Blanford, Margaret Langley. Mazry Sackman, Joanna Smith, Elizabeth Elbertson, Judith Brooke, Susan Langly, Elizabeth Millis, Henry Nash, Jeremiah L. Leslie, Nicholas Blandford, Henry McMilland, Luke G. Crossland, John Cannon, Septimus Parker, James Leslie, Rezin Hopper, David Browning, Matthews Ferguson, Moses D. Brooke, William Leslie, Clement Brooke, Elijah Taylor, George Hahn, John A. Willey, W. L. Chapman, Thomas Leslie, Christian Spangler, Nancy Jackson, Elizabeth Stewart, Hannah Barrett, Lois Chapman, Ann Mackay, Mary Cockrell, Elizabeth Langley, Elizabeth Hilton, Nancy Conly, Eliza Dare, Rebecca Taylor, Nancy Willey, Mary McFarland, Eliza Chapman, Catharine Girty, Edith Dillon, Martha Marple, Isaac W. Tlirapp, Aaron Kirk, Thomas Miller, Jane Linn, Levi Chapman, Henry Olive, Abraham W. Westbrook, Charles Lander, Joel Chapman, Peter M. Purdy, James Wheeler, Samuel Frazey, James Taylor, ReesWillis, John Phipps, William Allen, Gilbert Blue, Elizabeth Blue, Sarah M. Young, Rachael Moorehead, Nancy Blocksom, Martha Reed, Mary Martin, John Butler, Ann Butler, Jane Dutro, Sarah Spangler. * * * " In 1875," continues Mr. King, " this church was incorporated under the state laws of Ohio, and its board of trustees authorized. * * * The church property, including the parsonage, is valued, according to the minutes, at $23,000." Again taking up Mr. Chambers' narrative of Putnam, it appears that " in the year 1807 a Congregational church was founded in Putnam, consisting of five persons, namely Col. Benjamin Tupper, Mrs. Martha Tupper, Dr. Increase Mathews, Mrs. Betsy Mathews and Mr. Levi Whipple. Soon after Captain Daniel Warner united with them. The little church was organized by Rev. Mr. Potter, of Steubenville.* They had no settled pastor, but the Rev. Mr. Robins, of Marietta, and others preached occasionally for them. In the year * Dr. Kingsburg's memorial sermon, 1860. HISTORY OF MUSKINGUM COUNTY - 277 1809 there were a few Presbyterian families in Zanesville, but like the Congregationalists in Putnam, they were unable to support a pastor. An agreement was made, therefore, to organize a church under the name of the " United Presbyterian Church of Zanesville and Springfield." The Rev. William Jones was called to the pastorate, accepted, and was installed on the 26th of December of that year. The services were held in the stone academy in Putnam. The Rev. Samuel P. Robbins, of Marietta, and the Rev. Jacob Lindsley, of Athens, officiating. The first elders were Benjamin Sloan, Moses Boggs and John Thompson. From that time till 1817 or 1818 the services were held alternately in the court-house in Zanesville and the academy in Putnam. In August, 1812, Mr. Jones resigned to accept a call to Circleville, Ohio. The Rev. James Culbertson was called to succeed Mr. Jones, and was ordained and installed pastor of the United church, December 23, 1812, the Rev. John Wright and the Rev. James Scott officiating. Four years after the installation of Mr. Culbertson, the church, having in the meantime increased in members and influence, took measures for the erection of a suitable church edifice. In selecting a site, reference was had to the convenience of the members of the congregation on both sides of the river. The northeast corner of South and Fourth streets was agreed upon as the most suitable and central that could be obtained. Here a large, and for that day imposing, church was built. There have been different dates published of the finishing and dedication of this church. One account says that it was dedicated on the 24th of August, 1817, and that President Monroe and his suite attended divine service there on the next Sunday, the 31st of August. Now I know the president did attend service in August, for I was there and saw him. I have a file of papers printed in 1818 and 1819, which settles the date. It quotes from the National Intelligencer of March 31, 1819, an article saying that the president left Washington on the day before for his Southern and Western tour. It also gives the route of travel, the object of the tour, etc. Then this paper, from week to week, gives the progress of his journey, his receptions, escorts, etc. The error in the statement referred to consists in placing the date of the president's tour, and the dedication of the church one year too close together. According to my recollection, supported by some other circumstances, the dedication took place in the year 1818. * * * The church stood on a bank facing Fourth street, some eight or ten feet above the level of that street. This bank has been graded down since the removal of the church. It had two high stories; the first containing the pews and aisles, and the second the galleries, which were on both sides and the east end of the building; broad, and so raised from the front toward the walls that the speaker in the high pulpit at the west end could be seen from every seat. There was no spire or bell. The old court-house bell did service for all the churches and schools of that day. On the west end there were two doors, from which aisles extended to the east end of the room. There was another aisle in the center of the room, called the broad aisle. * * * " The plan adopted for raising the funds to build the church was a rather unusual but successful one. A plan or draft was made of the first floor and pews. The pews were sold out at auction and the purchasers became the owners, the same as of any other property so far as occupancy and transfer were concerned. Many persons bought two or more pews, according to their ability or liberality, for which transferable deeds or certificates were given. The seats in the galleries were all free, except the front of the east gallery, which was reserved for the choir. * * * About 1827 the bass viol was superseded by the organ. * * * It has been said that this was the first organ used in a Presbyterian church in the United States. * * * In 1812 when Mr. Culbertson became pastor of this United church, there were thirty-two members. The increase in the population of Putnam, and other circumstances led many to the conclusion that the time had come when a church of that (Presbyterian) denomination should be established on that side of the river. A meeting of the members and friends of the church was, therefore, called in March, 1833. At that meeting it was unanimously resolved that the erection of a house of worship, with the blessing of God, would greatly advance the cause of Christ in the place. A committee was appointed at the same time to secure the necessary funds. This object having been speedily accomplished, another meeting was held in the same month, and a committee appointed to proceed with the erection of the building at once. " On the first of January, 1835, the Presbyterian Church of Putnam was organized with thirty-eight members, of whom twenty-eight were pioneers and children of pioneers. Others continued to follow until finally nearly all living on the west side of the river were gathered into the new church. By the organization of this church, the United Presbyterian church 278 - HISTORY OF MUSKINGUM COUNTY. was practically dissolved, and each of the branches became independent. The separation was not at the time in accord with the wishes and feeling of the pastor or the members of the old church on the other side of the river. Mr. Culbertson was deeply pained by it. * * * " There is some doubt," Mr. Chandler continues, " as to whether Zanesville or Putnam was entitled to the honor of having established the first Sunday school. Mr Church said in his published papers that the Zanesville school was commenced in the year 1816. The Muskingum Messenger, however says, in a commendatory notice published a year and a half after the school was commenced, that it was opened in March, 1817. I think ours was the first, but * * * can't prove it. * * * Mr. Harry Safford was one of the earnest and most zealous workers in the Sunday school cause in this section of the country. Dr. Kingsbury, in his memorial sermon, calls him the father of the institution. * * * As early, I think, as 1815 or 1816, he opened his school in the academy. It was called a ' Union school,' because teachers and pupils were drawn from the different denominations. Amongst the first teachers were Mr. Levi Whipple, Judge Edwin Putnam, Maj. Horace Nye, Mr. George Warner Mrs. Whipple, Mrs. Leavins and Mrs. Chandler. * * * We had but few of the aids of the present day, and yet our methods were not without some advantages. * * * Besides our bible lessons, recitations and singing from ' Watt's Hymns for Children,' we had, each Sunday a short talk about good manners, manly deportment, or moral conduct. * * * In 182o the Putnam Sunday school united with the Zanesville Union school, in the new Presbyterian church, corner of South and Fourth streets. In 1828 it was brought back again to Putnam. Here for many years, under the late Mr. A. A. Guthrie, the best equipped superintendent I ever knew, it was in every respect a model school. The work that he did lives after him, and it is still a good school. In the year 1828 the Methodist church organized a separate school. In the meantime the Baptists having established schools in Zanesville, both of these Putnam Sunday schools became practically denominational." * * * The Zanesville portion of the United church now demands more particular attention. In 1807 or 1808, Rev. John Wright, for many years pastor of the Presbyterian church of Lancaster, Ohio, passed through Zanesville and was induced to remain over Sabbath. There were seven Presbyterians here: Mr. and Mrs. Moses Boggs, Mr. and Mrs. James Perry, Mr. and Mrs. James Richie and Robert Culbertson. These he assembled in the old tavern that stood then on the site of the Clarendon, and after preaching to them administered the Lord's supper to them, and it is thought probable this sacrament had never been administered here prior to that date. These seven persons were subsequently participants in the organization of a church. Gen. Isaac Van Horne took an active part in the United church, and was an active elder from 1827 until 1834, when he died. Rev. Mr. Culbertson performed the duties of a pastor until, in the summer of 1844, failing health compelled him to recommend the church to call an assistant. Rev. Simeon Brown was called soon after, but was not installed until May 7, 1845. Mr. Culbertson preached but once after Mr. Brown became assistant, and that was in November, 1844, though he was always able to attend public worship, and until within a few weeks of his death he officiated at marriages, baptisms and the Lord's supper. He offered the closing prayer of the service on the last Sabbath but one previous to his death. He died, aged 6i years, February 23, 1847, as the result of paralysis. With Mr. Brown originated the board of deacons, and the following persons were elected deacons August 16, 1845: Samuel C. Haver, Edwin Burlingame, Robert P. Robinson, J. B. Allen and William Winters. Mr. Brown was identified with the literature of the church. Before coming here he had published at Fredericktown, Ohio, the Calvinistic Monitor, at the time the only "old school" paper issued in the state, and Rev. William Dunlap, of Marion, Ohio, was its associate editor. Subsequently it became the Presbyterian of the West, published first at Springfield, later at Cincinnati. After his settlement here, Mr. Brown began the publication of The Colporteur. This was continued until January 8, 1848, when the Family Quarto appeared, which he edited until June 28, 1850. In July of the same year he resigned his, pastorate and accepted the agency of the board of publication of the Northwestern states. Mr. Brown's successor, Rev. Moses A. Hoge, began his pastorate June 26, 1851. Rev. James M. Platt came as pastor July 24, 1853 and was ordained on the 9th of the following October. His pastorate continued until April, 1867. He was followed by Rev. George H. Webster, who was installed October 5, 1867, and resigned his pastorate in 1872. Rev. W. P. Shrom was called November 9, 1872, and entered upon his work during the succeeding month. In 1884 he was succeeded by Rev. J. C. Holliday, the present pastor. HISTORY OF MUSKINGUM COUNTY - 279 This church may be regarded as the mother of the Putnam church, the Newton church and the Second Presbyterian church of Zanesville and, through those organizations, of the Presbyterian denomination in this county. This church purchased the lot now occupied by the Second Streetchurch building and exchanged it for the lot now occupied by its own building, which was erected at a cost of between $14,000 and $15.000 and was dedicated on the fourth Sunday in December, 1841. The pastor was assisted by Rev. Mr. Wylie, of Newark, and Rev. Dr. Hoge, of Columbus, the latter preaching the dedicatory sermon. The statement of the late E. H. Church, who was one of the first pupils, is to the effect that the first Sunday school in Eastern Ohio was organized in the old court house (at that time used by the Presbyterians as a place of worship) in 1816, by Matthew Findley, Joseph Church, F. Morehead and Mr. Dale. It was a union school in which all Protestant denominations had a part. During the following year it was more thoroughly organized, some fifteen or more ladies canvassing the town for scholars. It was removed to the new Presbyterian church, at the corner of Fourth and South streets, in 1819, and was after that date a school of that church, According to Rev. Dr. Kingsbury, a movement which had been begun as early as March, 1833 toward an independent Presbyterian congregation, Putnam culiminated January 1, 1835, in the organization of the Putnam Presbyterian church. The names of the constituent members (from the United Church of Zanesville and Putnam (were recorded thus in the sessional record: Levi Whipple, Eliza Whipple, Eliza Tucker, Lucy R. Whipple, Sarah Sturges, A. A. Guthrie, Amelia Guthrie, Lucy Sturges, Pamelia Guthrie, Edwin Putnam Patience Leavens, Eliza Stannas, Anne Buckingham, Mary Russell, Betsy Mathews, Eunice Buckingham, Sarah E. Safford, Ann D. Brown, S. A. Guthrie, George N. Guthrie, Eliza Silvey, Margaret Silvey, Horace Nye, Lucinda Nye, Catharine Leavens, Mary Leavens, Mary A. Sturges, Peleg Mason, Olive Mason, Sarah Mathews, Susan Mathews, Mary Mathews, Mary Stickney, A. G. Allen, Nancy Stickney, Margaret Weaver. The church begun in 1833 had now been completed, and it was dedicated in February, 1835, by Rev. William H. Beecher, a member of the Presbytery of Cincinnati, who began preaching here soon after the organization of the church. The first elders were A. A. Guthrie, Levi Whipple and Edwin Putnam. Mr. Guthrie was chosed stated clerk of session, and held the office until the end of his life. The last entry in his handwriting bears date September 2, 1873. The church was duly incorporated March 7, 1835. Mr. Beecher accepted a call to the pastorate, and was installed November 25, 1835, serving successfully until January 18, 1839. Rev. Addison Kingsbury, D. D., succeeded him January 1, 1840, and after a pastorate of nearly forty years gave place to Rev. George F. Moore, whose successor was Rev. David R. Wortman. Rev. E. E. Rogers, the present pastor, was installed in 1889. The church was thoroughly repaired in 1866 and remodeled and in many ways modernized. The bell was presented by Frank Sturges, of Chicago, who spent his boyhood here. A baptismal font was presented by Mrs. Elizabeth Hardenbaugh in 1871. The foundation of the parsonage was laid in the autumn of 1848. The walls were put up the following summer. The "Buckingham manse," as it was called, cost about $3,700, of which $1,500 was be- queathed for the purpose by Miss Eunice Buckingham, on condition that the congregation raise in cash an equal amount, which they did. Alvah Buckingham superintended the erection of the building and paid the additional expense above the estimated cost. The brickwork was done by John Randall and Benjamin Tuttle, the woodwork by John Metcalf and Joseph Collins. St. James' parish is the oldest Episcopal church organization in the diocese of Southeastern Ohio, which includes the southern half of the state, and, with perhaps a single exception, the oldest in Ohio. It was organized at the court house, Zanesville, October 17, 1816, at a meeting called for that purpose, at which Dr. Horace Reed presided and John Gordon was secretary. Rev. Joseph Doddridge, M. D., was elected rector and the following named officers were chosen: Wardens, Horace Reed, M. D., Seth Adams; vestrymen, Jeffery Price, Moses Moorehead, E. B. Merwin, Calvin Conant; treasurer, A. Harper; lay reader, Samuel Burnham, M. D. The parish was incorporated January 31, 1833. The public religious services of St. James' parish seem to have been held at first in the court house; but in June, 1817, and for some time after that date they were held in the Methodist church. July 17, 1831, the first church edifice of the parish was consecrated— a small, plain brick structure at the southeast corner of South and Sixth streets, the locality of the present St. John's English Evangelical Lutheran church. In 1835 it was nearly doubled in size and seating capacity, and six years later 280 - HISTORY OF MUStCINGUM COUNTY. it was sold, as a step toward the erection of a new house of worship. During the period 1841-1843, services were held in the "Senate Chamber" of the old court house. The present Gothic edifice of sandstone was begun in 1841, and the corner stone was laid June 24, that year. It was finished temporarily and occupied by the congregation - Easter day, 1843. The basement and audience chambers were completed in 1853, and the church was formally consecrated September 7, 1854, by Bishop Mcllvaine. The church tower was not completed until 1874. The bell, weighing upwards of a ton, a gift from Mrs. C. W. Chandler, of Germantown, Pa., formerly a member of this parish, was at that time swung in place. The stained glass windows were donated a few years earlier by the late James R. Cooper. The organ was introduced in 1851. The rectory, on north Fourth street, was purchased in 1863. The succession of rectors of this church has been as follows: Rev. Joseph Doddridge, M. D., October 17; 1816 to 1818; Rev. Intrepid Morse, 1818 to January, 1822; Rev. Philander Chase, Jr., June, 1822, to January, 1823; Rev. Joseph Doddridge, M. D., November, 1824 to June 1826; Rev. Mr. Langstaff during a portion of 1826; Rev. Amos G. Baldwin, December, 1826 to 1831; Rev. John P. Robinson, September, 1831 to April, 1832; Rev. William Studdards, February, 1834 to 1835; Rev. William A. Smallwood, July, 1835, to March, 1853; Rev. George W. DuBois, September, 1853, to January, 1856; Rev. J. W. Claxton, assistant, July, 1855, to January, 1856, rector to March, 1857; Rev. George W. DuBois, March to May, 1857; Rev. Thomas. G. Addison, May, 1857, to October, 1859; Rev. William A. Newbold, November, 1859, to 1863; Rev. John Leavitt, 1863 to 1866; Rev. J. F. Ohl, D. D.; 1866 to August, 1880; Rev. I. McK. Pittinger, Christmas, 1880, to 1890. The present rector, Rev. George P. Torrence, assumed charge of the parish April 20, 1890. In March, 1817, the Parochial Missionary Society was organized; the parish Sunday school in 1834. Next in order is the history of the first Baptist church of Zanesville, Ohio, by Rev. Wm. Sedwick, A. M., which brings the record down to 1866:— "The circumstances that led to the gathering in and organization of this church are thought worthy of record. In the fall of 1820 Elder George C. Sedwick left Winchester, Va., for the purpose of exploring the West. Taking Zanesville in his route, he stopped a few days, and preached as often as opportunity offered, and passed on to Kentucky and Indiana, spending a short time in each state, and receiving several invitations to settle with strong churches, with the offer of a good salary. But his mind was fixed upon Zanesville, though there was no church there, and only one man who was known as a Baptist. So strong, however, were his impressions of duty that he returned and commenced his labors there in the beginning of 1821. Having no house of worship, the courthouse and private dwellings were occupied for preaching and church meetings. On the iith of February, 1821, three persons were baptized, viz.: Isaiah Miller, Thomas Sheppard and J. Johnson; these were the first fruits of his ministry in this new field. Baptisms are also mentioned as having occured in April, May, and June, on the 16th of which month the church was constituted. Elder George C. Sedwick was, on the same day, chosen pastor, and Joseph Sheppard and Jeremiah Dale, deacons, Thomas Sheppard, clerk. They agreed at this meeting to unite with the Muskingum Association; which met on the 22nd of August following. At this meeting they reported 37 baptized, four received by letter;—total 41. The second report to the Association, in August, 1822, they returned 39 baptized, 12 received by letter, 6 dismissed total, 83. In their last report to this Association, in 1825, they state a total of 104, there having been baptized up to .that date 105. In as small a town as Zanesville was at that time, and considering the disadvantages under which they labored, having no meeting house for some two or three years, and other societies having so far the start, this was considered a good beginning and an evidence of the former leadings of Providence in planting the Gospel standard in this place. Their house of worship, which had been in process of erection for some time, was ready for use in the fall of 1823, and was dedicated November 15th. On the 15th of December following the church meeting was held, for the first time, in the new edifice. This house was built of brick, 40x60 feet, one story high. In that day this was considered a noble structure, fully equal to any in the town. In May, 1826, the Ohio Baptist State Convention was organized in this house, where it held its first three annual meetings. So far as is known, the writer is the only minister now living in the state who was in that organization, if not the only individual. The day after the convention closed its first session the Meigs Creek Association was constituted, with seven churches and 409 members, at the Brookfield church, now in Noble county. This church HISTORY OF MUSKINGUM COUNTY - 281 was one of the seven which formed this body. Previous to this there had been no association east of the Muskingum river, except a small body called "Still Water," located in the north part of Guernsey and Belmont counties, which, about this time, had become extinct, having been carried away by the influence of what was called Campbellism. The church of which we are speaking appears to have traveled on in peace and harmony for eight or ten years, and a good degree of prosperity attended their mutual efforts for good; many were added every year. But when the number of the Disciples had multiplied, there arose murmurings and contentions among them, causing the church and pastor a world of trouble. This unhappy state of things continued for some years, and finally terminated in the withdrawal of some twenty one members at one time. This restored peace and quietude to the church, and they moved on for some years in harmony and love. Eider George C. Sedwick, having served the church about sixteen years, felt it his duty to resign his pastorate, which he did in July, 1836. The church remained without a settled pastor for about a year, when they extended a unanimous call to Elder Wm. Sedwick, who accepted and entered upon the discharge of his duties in July, 1837. His connection with the church was of the most pleasing character. A good degree of prosperity attended their mutual labors during the two years of his pastorate. Some valuable accessions were made to the church, and here we beg to notice one of the mysterious providences of God. Just at the close of Elder Sedwick's second year, and after arrangements had been made by the church for his -continuance, Elder William Spencer, of the Salem township church was very suddenly, and to the great grief of the church, called away by death. Elder Sedwick was called to preach his funeral sermon—and by the earnest request of the church, after, a few weeks' reflection, he resigned the care of the church in Zanesville, and removed to Adamsville, where Elder Spencer had labored as pastor for twenty one years. Elder S. S. Parr was now called by the church in Zanesville to become their spiritual guide, and commenced his labors with them in December, 1839. He was an eloquent man, and might in truth be called a Boanerges. His stay with the church was short but prosperous; many were added under his ministry during the eighteen months of his pastorate. After his resignation and removal, in April, 1841, Elder John M. Courtney was chosen as his' successor. He was a good pastor, and enjoyed the entire confidence of the church and community during the seven years of his ministry with them. The church was greatly strengthened and enlarged under his faithful labor. It was but a few years after his removal from Zanesville that he was taken by death to a better world. We 411 loved Brother Courtney, and deeply lamented his early death. Brother David E. Thomas succeeded Brother Courtney in the pastorate of this people. He was publicly installed in this office in December, 1849. The exercises were conducted by Elders George C. Sedwick and Abel Johnson. Brother Thomas was a native of Wales, and could speak as fluently his native tongue as the English; possessed a strong mind, and was generally warm and animated in his public addresses. But few were his equal in debate, possessing, as he did, a peculiar talent in that direction. He served the church for six years, up to the close of 1855. Many were' added to the church during his ministry, and the present church edifice was erected while he was their pastor, though it was not entirely finished for some years after his removal, perhaps not till after his death. He died at, his home, near Piqua, Ohio. After the resignation of Brother Thomas, Rev. J. B. Conyers was called to the oversight of the church, and continued in office about three years, during which period the church experienced serious troubles,—which troubles were the outgrowth of difficulties that were engendered before Brother Conyers became pastor,—which finally terminated in the withdrawal of some sixtyfour of its members who ganized another church on the opposite side of the street, called the Sixth Street church. This body subsequently united with Market Street church of Zanesville. In> December, 1859, Rev. D. F. Carnahan was inducted into the office of pastor and continued his labors for three years. During his ministry the church appears to have moved on in peace. He resigned his office as pastor and entered as an officer into the army. After his resignation Elder Smith, of Virginia supplied the church for a short time, when Brother George W. Young, of, Pennsylvania, was chosen to take the oversight of the flock. His mission was of short duration. He continued as their spiritual guide a little less than a year, when he was suddenly called away by death on the 12th of November, 1864, in the 46th year of his age. This unexpected event was deeply lamented by the church and congregation as well as by his family and more immediate connections; all mourned their loss, even as a household would that of a beloved brother, for a good man had fallen at his post. After the death of Brother 282 - HISTORY OF MUSKINGUM COUNTY. Young, the church extended a call to Brother J. B. Sharp, who appears to have entered upon the discharge of his duties as pastor in February, 1865. Quite a large addition of members were received by baptism during his ministry. But unfortunately, serious and sad difficulties followed, and scenes occurred in and out of their meetings which should never have transpired among the professed children of God. This, like other difficulties that have occured, in years past in this church, has terminated in a separation of some 77 members, of whom about 65,—very largely young people,—were brought into the church during Brother Sharp's pastorate. The old ship now seems to be sailing once more over a smooth sea. * * * The following ministers have gone out from this church : Samuel Williams, George F. Adams, John Maginnis, Thomas M. Erwin, Jeremiah Dale, Benoni Allen, Seth Wickham Joseph Sheppard, Thomas Sheppard, Ely Frey, Joseph and William S. Sedvvick and William Ashmore now a missionary in China. There have been organized from the First church four other Baptist churches, viz.: Market Street church, Third church (colored), Sixth Street church and Berean church. In addition to these four organized interests there have gone out from the First church, large numbers of members who have removed to the West; upon one occasion some forty—a number sufficiently large to form another church—took their letters and distributed themselves in Illinois and Iowa. The church has had its years of revival and prosperity as well as of trouble and adversity. In 1832, seventy-six are reported as baptized. In the following year, 1833, 63 were received by baptism, in 1840, 71 and in 1848, 165. The church has numbered, several times before these unhappy divisions, from 250 to 500 members, and notwithstanding the many drawbacks that have occurred in its history, it must be acknowledged that very few churches have ever exerted a wilder and more beneficial influence upon the community in which they were located. * * * * * * In August, 1866, Rev. W. G. Pratt became pastor of this church. His successor was Rev. S. Washington, who came in April, 1868, and closed his labors in October, 1869. During this period the meeting house was repaired and beautified at considerable expense. Rev. E. W. Dannels came in January, 1870, and after leading a successful revival, became pastor in April following. He resigned in 1872, late in the year. The church was supplied by Rev. R. S. James during the winter of 1872-'73. Rev. Thomas Powell became pastor April 1, 1873, remaining in that relation until July 1, 1877. From that date until October following, the church had no regular pastor, but had numerous supplies. In that month, Rev. Dr. T. R. Palmer came. January 1, 1880, he offered his resignation to take effect April 1, following. Rev. J. B. Ewell assumed the pastoral relation in May, 1880, and served until 1886. Rev. G. M. Shott was pastor 1886-'87; Rev. J. C. Carman, 1888-'91. The present pastor, Rev. A. M. Worman, has been in charge since 1891. Remarkable years in this church were: 1832, 76 baptized; 1833, 63 baptized; 1840, 71 baptized; 1848, 165 baptized; 1870, a large ingathering. The present membership is about 400. The inception of the Lutheran church in Zanesville may be traced to Nicholas Border and his wife, who came here in 1803. In the course of human events the infant daughter they brought with them became the wife of John Bowman, who came in 1817, Following him came Jacob Reese, Sr., George Clapper, Michael Sackman, Solomon Myers, Peter Sackman and their wives and Christopher Spangler, who in time began to meet at each other's houses for worship. The first of these cottage meetings was held at the house of a Mr. Schrneltzer, at Fourth and South streets. In those days evangelists traveled over this region, scattering seed-thoughts of faith, and among them were Weiser, Foster and Andrew Hinkle, whose visits were irregular. The first house of worship built by this denomination was a small frame structure erected in 1818 on the southwest corner of Seventh and South Streets. One of its attractions was a pipe organ made by L. P. Bailey. In 1820, John Alter and Peter Sackman were made elders, Jacob Bowman and Jacob Brock, deacons; John Bowman and Jacob Mercer, trustees; and John Bowman, treasurer of an organization thus perfected. About this time, Jacob Mercer and wife, Mrs. Hannah Smith, Miss Sarah Border and Daniel and Solomon Border were added to the membership. Among the communicants were the pastor's wife and daughter (Mrs. Elizabeth Conway,) and another daughter (Mrs. Susan Cole,) and Charlotte, Charles and Paul Kaemmerer and Mr. and Mrs. Walter Kelly. During eighteen years, the services of this church were conducted in German and English, the former at morning, the latter at afternoon meetings. As their numbers increased, the English speaking portion of the congregation, preferring to have all services in English, determined to reorganize and form a new church, and as an outcome of this determination, St. John's English Evangelical HISTORY OF MUSKINGUM COUNTY - 285 Lutheran church was organized in 1839, with Jacob Reese and John Alter, Sr., as elders; J. J. Brock and Abraham Alter as wardens; Solomon Deffenbaugh and John Bowman as trustees; Wm. Schultz as secretary and treasurer: and the following and about twenty-five others as members: Nicholas Border and wife, Jacob Reese and wife, John Alter and wife, Peter Sackman and wife, Isabella. Ream, John Bowman and wife, Philip Munch and wife, J. J. Brock and wife, Solomon Deffenbaugh, Edney Manley, Margaret Leutz, Mary Mercer, Solomon Reese, Solomon Culp, Frances J. Mooney, Jacob Livingood, Catharine Ritz, Mary Ann Wright, J. K. Wright. Rev. A. Bartholomew became the pastor, and served until 1843, and was recalled in 1848, and was again pastor. Revs. Stephen A. Mealy and W. C. Houar filled the interval between 1843 and 1848. Rev. A. Borserman succeeded Mr. Bartholomew at the close of his second pastorate, and served the church until dismissed for too pronounced Universalism. Rev. A. J. Weddell was the next pastor. He continued until 1856, when he resigned and the congregation was disbanded. The property purchased from the Episcopal church was held by the trustees, who continued to care for it. From 1856 until 1869 there was no English Lutheran pastor settled here, and no English preaching. In the latter year, Rev. J. L. Stirewalt, the traveling missionary of the recently organized General council of the. Lutheran church in America, passing through Zanesville, learned of the property still held for an English Lutheran church, and sought out Mr. and Mrs. John Bowman and found them still unconnected with any other church organization. He began services and organized a Sunday school. From this humble commencement the congregation was reorganized, and in 1871 Rev. M. C. Hbrine, then of Dayton, O., received and accepted a call to become the pastor. He continued until 1873, when he resigned to accept a call to Pennsylvania. In the fall of 1873 Rev. W. P. Ruthrauff, of Akron, O., became the pastor. He continued until his death, which occurred in the spring of 1876. The pastorate was vacant until November of that year, when Rev. F. Richards, of Philadelphia, Pa., received and accepted a call as pastor, and entered upon his duties. He has continued to serve the congregation from that date up to the present writing, being at this time the longest-settled pastor of any denomination in the city. In 1878, the old church edifice, purchased from the Episcopal church, was demolished and the present building erected. This was made possible by the liberal subscription of $5,000 by Mr. and Mrs. John Bowman. The new edifice was dedicated on the first Sunday in Advent, 1878. The sermon was preached by Rev. Samuel Laird, of Pittsburg, Pa. In the year 1881 the parsonage on South Seventh was purchased also, through the liberality of Mr. and Mrs. Bowman. In 1891 the Martin Luther Missionary society of the congregation purchased a lot on Maysville avenue, near Putnam avenue, with the view of establishing a Second English Lutheran congregation in the city. The present board of officers, constituting the church council at the present time, is as follows: Rev. F. Richards, pastor; W. H. Deffenbaugh, treasurer; George C. Dieterly, secretary; Wm. R. Baker, Jacob Beisser, Martin W. Miller, G. J. Crotzer and Henry Cordes. German Evangelical Peace church dates its origin from 1818. Rev. L. Scheid was the first pastor, and N. Bader, P. Munch, M. Spangler and S. Diefenbach were its first deacons. The original house of worship was erected on the present church site, at the corner of Seventh and Harvey streets and was later enlarged by a considerable addition. The large brick structure now occupied was built in 1864. The church numbers 165 families; there are 150 in the Sunday school, with twenty teachers. In 1824, 1842 and 1864 the constitution of the church was changed, and the present constitution was adopted in 1882. Rev. W. A. Walter, the present pastor, began to serve this church in 1890. German Evangelical Lutheran Trinity church was organized about 1844 by Rev. Mr. Maenner, with twelve voting members. The succeeding pastors have been Rev. C. Kuehn, Rev. P. Eirich, Rev. H. Craemer, Rev. H. Jehn and Rev. C. A. Frank, the present incumbent. The first regular house of worship was a small brick building at the corner of Seventh and South streets, on the site of the present large brick structure, which was erected in 1866, at a cost of about $30,000. The number of communicant members is 340. A parochial school was established under the auspices of this church in 1870. Disciples of Christ church is an old organization. For years it met with more or less regularity in halls in Putnam, Zanesville and West Zanesville. Its house of worship, on the southeast corner of Park and Amelia streets, was erected about eight years ago, and is a well-finished, slate-roofed frame structure. The membership of the church is about 150, and the pastor is Rev. M. J. Maxwell, who took charge 286 - HISTORY OF MUSKINGUM COUNTY. In 1892. During many years this church did not flourish, though its organization was always kept intact, but of late it has had more generous encouragement, is growing and promises to grow, and is doing a good work in the field it fills. The First Congregational church of Zanesville was organized January 1, 1885, and was reorganized by council February 24 following. Rev. George D. Herron was the first pastor. His successors have been the following, in the years mentioned: Rev. Thomas Clayton, 1887; Rev. D. I. Jones (present pastor), 1889. The church building on North Sixth street, near North, was erected in 1888 at a cost of about $6,500. The present board of deacons is thus constituted: Dr. W. E. Atwell, J. M. Moore, Thomas D. Davis, Thomas M. Nicholas, R. G. Lewman, John R. Price. The trustees are John W Dawson, Robert Webb, Frank K. Jackson, Peter' J. Snyder Thomas Miles; R. G. Lewman is superintendent of the Sunday-school; Dr. E. A. Farquhar, Jr., is church treasurer; Miss Eva Parsons is clerk. The number of members is 180. Zanesville is in the Catholic diocese of Columbus. Catholicism was introduced here in organized form in 1820, when St. Thomas' church was instituted by Rev. Nicholas D. Young, O. P. The first members were John S. Dugan and family and William Colerick and family. Rev. Stephen H. Montgomery was the first pastor, and the services were held in a small brick warehouse that stood on the northeast corner of Fifth street and Locust alley. The first church was a one story building, thirty-five feet high, seventy feet deep and forty feet front. It stood on the rear part of the lot occupied by the present church and cost about $2,000. The cornerstone was laid in the spring of 1825 and the dedication occurred in the fall of 1827, Bishop Tennick officiating. The present house of worship, at the northeast corner of Fifth street and Locust alley, is a fine structure of stone, 120 by 6o feet, which cost about $40,000. Bishop Miles laid the corner-stone March 17, 1842. Rev. P. C. Coll was pastor fora considerable time, until he was suceeded by Rev. J. A. Bockel, who came November 8, 188o; Rev. William Quinn is the present pastor. The Sunday school was organized by Rev. B. A. Brady and others.. Thomas R. Phelps was made superintendent. The Altar society was organized in 1830; the Society of the Blessed Virgin Mary in 1848; the Rosary in 1848; the Purgatorial society in 1877; the Sacred Heart society. in 1877; the Holy Name of Jesus society in 1880. These societies are strictly devotional in their exercises. St Patrick's Benevolent society was organized in 1859; St. Thomas Benevolent and Literary society in 1871; Division No. 1, Ancient Order of Hibernians, in 1876. Shortly after the beginning of the war of secession St. Patrick's Benevolent society gave $500—all it had in its treasury—to equip men for service. This sum, the accumulation from hard day labor, saved for the purpose of taking care of the sick, burying the dead and relieving the wants of the widow and the orphan, had been husbanded with great care by Hon. John O'Neill, then president of the society. Highly appreciating but scarcely needing the generous gift, the city authorities returned it to the society, that it might not be diverted from the charitable purpose for which it had been intended. St. Nicholas Catholic church (German) was organized in 1841. Its house of worship was erected the fall of 1842 and dedicated by Bishop Purcell. In 1861 an addition was built to the church, making a total length of ninety-six feet by forty-five feet width. The present pastor is Rev. Nicholas Meschenmoser. Market Street Baptist church was organized in the "old academy," near the corner of Third and Market streets, May 15, 1835, with twenty-nine constituent members. Of this number, Mrs. Curran Blue, Thomas C. Hillier and Mrs. Susan Slocum only are living. Meetings were held in the court house a short time and then in a small building on South street near Seventh. In 1835, a movement had been started to erect a meeting house. A lot was donated by "Father" Rector Mills. The building now in use was begun in July, 1837, and finished and dedicated January 1, 1839. It is a large and attractive structure, on the east side of North Sixth street between Market and North streets. The first pastor was Rev. Hiram Gear, from May, 1835, to May, 1836. The next was Rev. William S. Hall, November, 1836, to April, 1838. Rev. George I. Mills was pastor from June, 1838, to July, 1841, and was succeeded by Rev. Daniel Sheppardson, July, 1841, to May, 1845. An interesting event following the pastorate of this gifted man was the conversion of him who has long been known as Rev. Jefferson Chambers. Rev. N. N. Woods came in November, 1845 and remained until July, 1848. In March, 1849, Rev. L. G. Leonard, D. D., was called to the pastorate of the church, and he continued until March, 1855. Following Elder Jacob Knapp's services as an evangelist under Mr. Leonard's pastorate, there were upwards of seventy-five accessions to the membership. The next pastor was Rev J. T. Roberts, from April, 1855, to April, 1856. In HISTORY OF MUSKINGUM COUNTY - 287 April, 1857, Rev. Alfred Pinney began his pastorate, during which the political troubles which preceded the war agitated all churches in the country and affected this. He prophesied the war and the extermination of slavery. At length April; 1860, he severed his relation with the church. April 1, 186o, what was then known as the Sixth Street Baptist church, formally and in a body united with the Market Street church. The .church as now constituted called to its parochial office Rev. N. A. Reed, who assumed charge in August, 1860, and remained until April, 1867. Coming as he did at a critical period in the history of all affairs, it was a peculiar test of Mr. Reed's ability to preside over a church so singularly identified with the interests of the country as was this one. Many brave men from among its communicants and congregation were at the front during the war. Notable among them was the almost entire male portion of the family of Prof. H. D. Munson. Mr. Reed's successor was Rev. Willett Vary, who served from May, 1867, to April, 1869, and died soon after he severed his pastoral connection. In September, 1870, after a supply by Rev. W. H. Beach, (October, 1869, to May, 1870,) Rev. R. S. James-was called to the pastorate and continued until July, 1872. Mr. James was succeeded September, 1872, by Rev. R. Andrew Griffin. Mr. Griffin was of English birth, had studied theology with Dr. C. H. Spurgeon, and was a graduate from .Regent Park college, London. One who knew him well has thus referred to him and his never-to-be-forgotten pastorate: "His genius, youth and peculiar methods of sermonizing, his freshness of thought and originality of manner, produced a very general and decided impulse for activity and growth.. His labors were blessed with a good degree of. success and his pastorate for many months had a tone of geniality that was welcomed by all. But association with liberalizing ministers, the misguided research of a man not properly grounded in theology, and the morbidness of an ambitious mind defeated in some of its cherished dreams soon wrought a sudden change. The fresh and David-like English boy, who came with the simple story of Christian faith and hope upon his lips, changed to a morbid cynic, a philosophizing misanthrope, a demoralized doubter. In 1875, his pastorate of nearly four years began to wane, in power and efficiency, and seems to have grown worse, until, in February, 1876, when it ended in his own confused despair, and almost wrecking the old church so long a survivor of other but no greater perils. Mr. Griffin's subtle and confessed attempt, for one whole year, to indoctrinate the church with heresy, was at once a proof of the thorough work which had been done before and the intelligence, integrity and faith of the membership, for the attempt was singularly abortive." The next pastor, Rev. Henry A. Delano, assumed charge in August, 1876, and ceased his labors here in August, 1886. Rev. A. D. Willifer was in charge from August, 1881, to September, 1885, and Rev. James L. Smith from November, 1885, to July, 1890. The present pastor is Rev. George B. Simons, who assumed charge in 1890. The Seventh Street Methodist Episcopal church was organized in 1840 by a division of the Second Street church, the membership of which was deemed too large for the capacity of one pastor. Revs. Uriah Heath and John W. Stone were appointed to the Zanesville station. The Zanesville Canal and Manufacturing company permitted the new church to use the upper room of the McIntire Academy as a place of worship. The membership at the outset was about 100. In the spring of 1841, a lot on Seventh street was purchased for $1,000 from John Lee, and it was determined to build a church. Rev. Mr. Heath obtained sufficient subscriptions to justify this, and the stone basement was completed in 1843. The church was finished and dedicated in September, 1845. To this time the church had been a congregation of the Second Street organization, but at the annual conference this year, Seventh Street church was made an independent station, but the two stations did not have separate and distinct boards of trustees until 1850. Rev. B. F. Jackson is the present pastor. The Sunday school was organized soon after the church was formed. The Second Presbyterian church was organized, from the membership of the First Presbyterian church. It was formed by an act of the Presbytery of Zanesville, September 7, 1852, and completed its organization October 9, following. Those who petitioned for a separate organization were L. P. Bailey, E Burlingame, R. P. Robinson and T. H. Patrick (the first mentioned an elder, the others, deacons,) and A. McFadden, Mrs. Jane Price, Mrs. Rebecca Griffith, Miss Mary Price, Mrs. Ann Griffith, Miss Anna M. Griffith, Sarah Katharine Griffith, D. B. Cochran, Mrs. Sarah Cochran, Samuel Robinson, Mrs. C. A. Peters, Miss Lucinda Bailey, Mrs. Sophia H. Adams, Mrs Elizabeth M. Bird, Miss Jane A. McFadden, Robert M. Crow, Mrs. Jane Burlingame, Miss Susan P. Burlingame, Richard Morris, Mrs. Margaret A. 288 - HISTORY OF MUSKINGUM COUNTY. Robinson, Peter Black, Robert Little and Mrs. Agnes Little. Before the first communion the following named persons were added by certificate: Mrs. Susan Stillwell, Mrs. Ellen Wheeler, Mrs. Elizabeth Wheeler, Mrs. E. M. Hoge, Mrs. Abigail W. Bailey, Mrs. Ann M. Carey, Mrs. D. Sullivan, Mrs. Jane Shaw, Mrs. Susan McGinnis, Mrs. Mary Jane Porter, Mrs. Elizabeth S. Bell, Miss Rebecca Tidball, Miss Belinda McGinnis, Mrs. Margaret Fillmore, John Wilson, John S. Black, John G. Spencer, George A. Retiberg, Mrs. Nancy Hersh, Mrs. Margaret Eddie, Mrs. Eliza P. Crow, Mrs. Susan Granger, Mrs. Margaret Mapes. The two congregations worshiped together until, early in 1853, the new church rented Odd Fellow's hall and held services there till January, 1854, when the Lutheran church, at the southeast corner of South and Sixth streets, was leased for one year. Odd Fellow's hall was again secured January 1, 1855, and services were continued there until the edifice in which the congregation now worships was completed, in August, 1855. It is a neat brick structure on the east side of north Fifth street, between Main and Market streets, and cost, including the grounds, about $15,000. Rev. Moses A. Hoge, who was pastor of the church at Zanesville at the time of its division was, by act of Presbytery, October 22, 1852, set apart as pastor of the new church, having severed his connection with the church of Zanesville by consent. The present pastor is Rev. A. W. Clokey. The Sabbath school was organized soon after the church was formed. The first superintendent was John A. Black. The Zanesville church of United Brethren in Christ was organized at the house of Frederick Greul, on Eighth street, April 8, 1865, by Rev. Casper Streich, who the first pastor. For about a year the congregation worshiped from house to house. Their church, a substantial brick building, on Seventh street between Main and Market streets, was erected in 1866 at a cost of $4,000. The Sabbath school was organized in 1865. In matters of religion this church is subject to the rulings of the Ohio United Brethren association. The present pastor is Rev. Justice Moeller. The South Street Methodist Episcopal church had its origin in a mission established in 1865, by Rev. J. H. Gardner. By the generosity of Rev. David Young, the congregation was enabled to purchase a lot on the northeast corner of Seventh and South streets and to build a neat one-story church, which was finished in 1879. The lot and church cost about $9,000. The present pastor is Rev. Charles C. Elson. The Sunday school was organized in 1865, with David Brookover as superintendent. At a meeting in Nevitt's hall, September 20, 1868, the following persons agreed to become active members of a Hebrew congregation to be organized in Zanesville:—Wolf Dryfus, Michael Steinfeld, Marx Cohen, J. L. Dryfus, R, Schoenfeld, Meyer Schoenfeld, Jacob Schoenfeld, Ben S. Dryfus, Herman Weber, Jacob Wollner, Simon Goodman, J. Kraus, Abe Kohn, Adolphus Hartman, W. Freedman, L. Freedman. The organization was effected Sunday September 27, 1868, with Wolf Dryfus, as president, M. Steinfeld, as vice-president, M. Cohn, as treasurer; B. S. Dryfus as secretary, and W. Freedman, J. L, Dryfus and Rudolph Schoenfeld at trustees. The congregation rented a room in Alter's building, In March, 1869, the services of B. Tauber were secured as instructor or teacher. In August following it was resolved to incorporate the organization. October 5, 1873, the congregation joined the Union of American Hebrew congregations. The Congregational burying ground is situated on the National road. The Hungarian Benevolent association, otherwise called the Hebrew church, was organized in 1874 by the following; among other prominent members: B. Froch, H. Weber, J. Haber, W. Freedman and S. Newman. D. Feierlicht was the first rabbi. The Welsh church was organized October 24, 1875, at the Sixth ward hose house by electing the following officers: Deacons, John J. James, Thomas D. Williams, Thomas D. Davis; secretary, William T. Jones. The congregation worships at the southwest corner of Monroe and Price streets. South Street African Methodist Episcopal church was organized in 1826 at the house of Ellen Feelin, on Seventh street between Market and Main streets. The first church edifice was a little brick building, near the river, east of Eighth street. From this church the congregation removed to a frame house on Putnam hill. From there they returned to Zanesville, where they had built a frame church on Ninth street, near South. Several years later they purchased a brick church, on South street, between Third and Fourth streets, formerly occupied by the Protestant Methodist. In 1876 they erected a brick church on the same site. The Third Baptist church (colored) was organized in the old brick school-house on Moxahala avenue, Putnam, August 29, 1863, by Rev. Isaac Jones, first pastor. Another church of Colored Baptists consolidated with this to form the Union Baptist church, which worships on HISTORY OF MUSKINGUM COUNTY - 289 the east side of Eighth street, between Main and South streets, of which Rev. A. M. Thomas is pastor. The African Wesleyan Methodist church, which worships on the south side of Moorehead avenue, east of Blue avenue, was organized with sixteen members July 24, 1875. Below will be found a statement of the location and times of service of the several churches of the city with other valuable information: Baptist—First Baptist church, south Sixth street, Rev. A. M. Warman, pastor; services, 10:30 a. m., and 7:3o p. m.; Sunday-school at 9:15 a. m. Market Street Baptist church, east side North Sixth, between Market and North, Rev. G. B. Simons, pastor; services, 10:30 a. m., and 7:30 p. m.; Sunday-school, 9 a. m. Union Baptist church, (colored), east side Eighth, between Main and South, Rev. A. M. Thomas, pastor; services 11 a. m. and 7:3o p. m.; Sunday-school, 2:3o p. m. Baptist Mission church, west side Woodland avenue, 2S of Maysville Pike. Catholic—St. Thomas church, east side Fifth, between Market and North, Rev. Wm. Quinn, pastor; 1st mass, 7 a. m., 2d mass, 8:30 a. m., high mass, 10:30 a. m.; Sunday-school, 9 a. m., vespers, 3:30 p. m. St. Nicholas church, northeast corner Main and National Pike, Rev. Nicholas Meschenmoser, pastor; mass, 8 a. m., high mass, io a. m.; Sunday-school, 2 p. m., vespers, 3 p. m. Christian—Disciples of Christ church, northeast corner Park and Amelia, Rev. M. J. Maxwell, pastor; services, 10:30 a. m. and 7:30 p. m.; Sunday-school, 9:30 a. m. Congregational—First Congregational church, west side North Sixth, between Market and. North, Rev. D. I. Jones, pastor; services 10:30 a. m., and 7:3o p. m.; Sunday-school 9:30 a. m. Episcopal—St. James church, west side North Sixth, between Market and North, Rev. George P. Torrence, pastor; services, 10:30 a. m., and 7 p. m.; Sunday-school, 9 a. m. Evangelical association—German Evangelical church, southwest corner Seventh and South, Rev. W. A. Walter, pastor; services, 10:30 a. m., And 7:30 p. m.; Sunday-school, 9 a. m. Hebrew—Congregation Beth, Abraham, 12 South Seventh, Rev. Solomon E.. Cohn, rabbi; services, Saturday, 9 a. m., Friday, 7 p. m.; Polish Synagogue, southwest corner Main and Seventh. Lutheran—St. John's English Evangelical Lutheran church, Rev. F. Richards, pastor; Services, 10:30 a. m., and 7 p. m.; Sunday-school, 9:15 a. m. German Lutheran Trinity church, northeast corner South Seventh and Harvey, Rev. C. A. Frank, pastor; services, 10:30 a. m.; Sunday-school, 9 a. m. Methodist—Euclid Avenue M. E. church, east side Euclid avenue, near Thurman; no regular pastor; Services, 3:3o p. m., and 7:30 p. m.; Sunday-school, 2 p. m. First Methodist Protestant church, Beaumont street; services, 10:30 a. m. and 7 p. Sunday-school, 9 a. m. Moxahala Avenue M. E. church, east side Moxahala avenue, between Jefferson and Madison, Rev. Benj. A. Stubbins, pastor; services, 10:30 a. m., and 7:30 p. m.; Sunday-school, 9:15 a. m. Second Street M. E. church, southwest corner Main and Second, Rev. T. C. Reade, pastor; services, 10:45 a. m., and 7:30 p. m.; Sunday-school, 9:15 a. m. Seventh Street M. E. church, east side North Seventh, between Orchard and Center, Rev. B. F. Jackson, pastor; services, 9 :30 a. m., and 7:30 p. m.; Sunday-school, 9 a. m. South Street M. E. church, northeast corner South and Seventh, Rev, Chas. C. Elson, pastor; services, 10:45 a. m. and 7:30 p. m. Sunday-school, 2:30 p. m. St. Paul A. M. E. church, north side South, between Third and Fourth, Rev. Philip Toliver, "pastor; services, I I a. m., and 7:30 p. in.; Sunday-school, 2:3o p. in. Wesleyan Methodist, (colored), south side Morehead avenue, east of Blue avenue; no regular pastor; services, 11 a. m., and 7:30 p. m.; Sunday-school, 9 a. m. Presbyterian—First Presbyterian church, east side North Sixth, between Main and Market, Rev. J. C. Holliday, pastor; Services, 11 a. m., and 7:30 p. m.; Sunday-school, 9:30 a. m. Putnam Presbyterian church, Woodlawn avenue, Ninth ward, Rev. E. Rogers, pastor; services 11 a. m., and 7:30 p. m.; Sunday-school, 9:30 a. m. Second Presbyterian church, east side North Fifth, between Market and Main, Rev. A. W. Clokey, pastor; services, a. m., and 7:30 p. m.; Sunday-school, 9:30 a. m. United Brethren—United Brethren church, 43 North Seventh street, Rev. Justice Moeller, pastor; services, 10:30 a. m., and 7 p. m.; Sunday-school, 9 a. m. Universalist—First G. Universalist church of Zanesville, corner of Woodlawn H. and Muskingum avenues, Rev. Lotta D. Crosby, pastor. Welsh --Welsh Congregation, southwest corner of Monroe and Price streets; services, 10:30 a m., and 3:30 p. m.; Sunday-school, 2 p. m. 290 - HISTORY OF MUSKINGUM COUNTY. CHAPTER XXI SALT CREEK TOWNSHIP. IT was to the Falls of the Muskingum, within the boundaries of the . territory that subsequently became Salt Creek township, and knoWn and described in the United States surveys as " Township thirteen of range twelve of lands of the United States within the territory northwest of the River Ohio, and subject to entry in the land office in Marietta, Ohio," that, in the latter part of June, 1788, a party of thirty men, under the command of a United States military officer from Fort Harmar, was sent by water, with provisions and presents of goods, for the purpose of negotiating a treaty of peace and friendship with several tribes of Indians who had selected that as the place for meeting Gen. St. Clair, the governor of the territory and authorized representative and agent of the government. The location selected for conducting the negotiations was on the south bank of the river, where the town of Taylorsville now stands. These troops were ordered to the place by Gen. Harmar, commandant of Fort Harman, for the purpose of erecting a council house and the building of huts for the comfort of the men and protecting the goods against the weather. This remote spot was selected by the Indians for the purpose of the council in preference to Fort Harmar, for the reason it was nearer their own homes, and was to them a well known and favorite locality and not under the influence of a military fort. The attempt to form a treaty was a failure. The reason is given by the historian in a few words. He says: "The Indians commenced assembling from the different tribes in large numbers, especially from the Delawares. Among them was a band of the Chippewas and other Indians, outcasts from different tribes, amounting to about twenty. On the night of the 13th of July, those desperadoes crept slyly around the tents containing the goods, and fired on the sentries, ten in number, with the intention of plundering them. By this discharge two men were killed and one or two wounded. The sentries returned the fire, and the rest of the guards running to their assistance, the Indians retired without accomplishing their object. One of the assailants was killed and one wounded. The same night they killed and scalped a mulatto man, servant to Maj. Duncan, a trader who was waiting for the assembling of the tribes, with goods to barter for their skins and peltries." This action of the Indians exhibited so hostile a feeling and was so unexpected that any further attempt to secure a treaty at that time was not only regarded as impracticable, but exceedingly hazardous, and, as a consequence, the matter was for the time being indefinitely postponed. A subsequent conference was, however, held in the fall following at another place and a treaty effected. It was in the early autumn of the year 1795, immediately on the close of the Indian war and two years before any white man was located with the view of making a permanent home on any of the territory which now constitutes Muskingum county, that under the auspices of a company formed in Marietta the manufacture of salt was commenced in this township, at or adjoining the present village of Chandlersville on the east. It was the first experiment of the kind in the Muskingum valley—in fact the first in all the territory northwest of the Ohio river east of the Scioto valley. The discovery of salines at this point at the time it was made grew out of the fact that salt at Marietta, and at all the settlements below Marietta along the Ohio and up the Muskingum rivers, was a commodity so scarce as to be entirely beyond the ability of most persons to procure, it being retailed as high as fifty cents a quart. It was, too, an article of universal necessity, and as the demand for it must constantly increase as the population increased it was imperative upon the people to find some source of supply near at home adequate to the demand, and which would have the effect to reduce the price to an amount that all might be enabled to satisfy their necessary wants. It was understood that HISTORY OF MUSKINGUM COUNTY - 291 the Indians for an indefinite period of time had been in the habit of obtaining salt water from the salines that have existed and reducing the same to salt. Accordingly a company was sent out from Marietta for the purpose of locating those salines. After a considerable search they were discovered; by the aid of a small camp kettle the explorers were enabled to test the waters, and greatly to their relief it was found that these waters were much more strongly impregnated with saline particles than they had any reason to hope or expect might be the case. A report of the discovery was duly made to the people of Marietta by whom they had been sent on this voyage of exploration. As a consequence all the necessary appliances for making salt were called into requisition at the earliest possible day, the business of salt manufacturing commenced, and was prosecuted with the utmost energy and vigor, night and day, until the supply of the article was sufficient to satisfy the demand. The salt was for the most. part conveyed to the river at Duncan's Falls on pack-horses and thence transported in canoes to Waterford and Marietta. The supplies for the employes at the works were procured at these places and brought them in the same way. It was in the latter part of this year, during the month of December, that the adventure of Capt. William Davis and Juda Ford occurred. They were employed at the works, the former acting in the capacity of foreman or manager, the latter an intelligent young man of nineteen years of age, a laborer there, and also acting in the capacity of book-keeper. The supply of provisions at the works became well-nigh exhausted, and it became necessary that a new supply should be ordered. This could only be done by going or sending to Waterford and Marietta, and as the river was closed by ice it was necessary to go by land. Accordingly these men determined to make the trip and started for Waterford by a direct route through the woods, without any trace or marked trees to guide them. As the works had only been in operation for a brief period, the intercourse between them and their base of supplies had thus far been conducted entirely by water, the overland route as yet not being opened. These men having expected to reach their destination in a single day, the distance being only thirty miles, the only outfit they provided was one blanket, a single charge of gunpowder, a flint, a jack-knife, a piece of tow string for tinder, and a couple of pounds of venison. Not being familiar with the woods they hired a hunter as a guide to pilot them to the headwaters of Meigs creek. He accompanied them a few miles on the way, and, after giving directions as to the route, returned. The men mistook the directions given them, and instead of reaching the headwaters of Meigs creek wandered over to the waters of . Mills creek, down which stream they traveled until night overtook them. The day was cloudy and exceedingly cold; the thermometer at Marietta ranging from- twenty-two to twenty-four degrees below zero. Instead of going south as they supposed, they had been all the day traveling north. As night came on they succeeded, with the materials they had at command, in striking a fire in the bark of a dry tree, and encamped for the night. The following day the sun appeared and they saw the mistake of the preceding day and commenced retracing their steps. They wandered about until the second night overtook them in the wilderness. This was passed as was the first night. Now their venison and their means to obtain a fire were all gone. On the morning of the third day they came upon a small stream bearing a westerly direction, down which they determined to go. Suddenly and unexpectedly they saw smoke ascending through the branches and tops of the trees. They were not long in reaching the works and with frozen hands and feet received the greetings of their companions from whom they separated more than two days before. And here we leave them. Before the discovery of the Salines by the white man, the stream uniting with the Muskingum river at Duncan's Falls was called Salt creek. By whom this name was given the main stream is not known. That matter is involved in obscurity. But it was undoubtedly given because of the Salines on the east branch, which by the men at the works were called " White Eyes," and probably on the supposition that this east branch was the main and not a tributary stream. The name " White Eyes" was given this branch of Salt creek on which the Salines were situated in honor of George White Eyes, a young Indian who had been educated at Dartmouth College by the United States Government as a token of respect to his father, a Delaware chief of that name, who had ever exhibited friendship for the whites. This young Indian had spent some time at Waterford when the first settlement was there made. He had befriended the white settlers on several occasions, was quite a favorite with them and was personally known to some of the employes at the works. The stream bore the name above given it for quite a number of years, but of late, within the memory of man, the name has been 292 - HISTORY OF MUSKINGUM COUNTY. transferred to another branch of Salt creek running in a westerly direction across the northern portion of the township. The branch of the stream first called " White Eyes" and joining it about a half mile below Chandlersville, was called by the men at the works, "Williams' Fork," in honor of the adventure of Williams and Ford as related above. The name the stream still bears. It was in the year 1797, that Captain John Chandler, a native of Connecticut, but at the time a citizen of Rutland county, Vermont, inspired by the enthusiasm that animated large numbers of New England people to remove to Ohio, and allured by the glowing descriptions which reached New England of the richness Of the soil and the magnitude of the productions for which the Ohio country was becoming celebrated, became one of a company of fifteen families, organized in New Ipswich, New Hampshire, under the general direction and leadership of General Rufus Putnam as agent of the Ohio company for the purpose of emigrating to this western wilderness This was only One of numerous companies organized throughout the New England states in like manner and for a like purpose at about the same period of time. The company of which Captain Chandler became a member on its arrival in Ohio made their first permanent landing in the part of Balpre, now known as Newbury township, the most southerly township of Washington county. Here the company first planted settlement but it was not destined long to remain so. It began very soon to disintegrate.. It was composed of too many inharmonious elements. The families separated, some going in one direction, some another. Some sought a home in one locality, some another. Captain Chandler remained two years and then det rmined to go elsewhere. He explored the region of the upper Muskingum and the valley of. the Licking. Like many others he probably entertained a prejudice against selecting a home along the valleys of the larger streams. The fear was generally indulged that the atmosphere where the forests were so dense as along the larger streams, must necessarily be filled with malaria and that as a consequence sickness must there prevail. Hence many of the , pioneer settlers located on the high grounds when the rich bottoms along the larger streams could have been as easily secured. After much wandering and weighing in his own mind the relative merits different localities possessed for a permanent residence, he finally selected the "White 'Eyes" branch of Salt creek as the locality where he would spend his future years. He had now passed the meridan of life and had reached that period in human existence when the shadows lengthen as the years increase. Hence the importance of a judicious selection must have been uppermost in his thoughts. His choice was probably determined by the surroundings and the fact that all indications favored it as a healthy locality. Here, too, were established a salt-works for the manufacture of salt which had been operated by the Marietta company fora series of years with a constantly increased production. 'The locality was one that seemed to be favorably situated for becoming a business center, and as the population increased and the country developed trade relations must become a matter of no small importance. Besides it was on the direct and shortest route of what must become the chief highway between Zanesville and Marietta. It was in the spring of 1799 when Captain Chandler with his family landed here in this White Eyes valley. What was the situation? He had no home to which he could come; no home to protect his family from the elements; not even a shed whereunder, for the time being, he could find shelter. What a contrast it presented to that Vermont home he had left only two years before! How must all have seemed to the mind of this intelligent and experienced man! What were the emotions of this heroic pioneer as 'he looked about him and into the faces of that gentle and devoted wife and of that family of bright and active-minded children who had accompanied him into the depths of the wilderness! Captain Chandler's family consisted of nine persons--himself, his wife, two sons that had nearly reached a man's estate, two in their boyhood years, one a lad of six or eight years, an infant son and a daughter some nine or, ten years of age. It was the first business to.secure a place of shelter and, for the time being what might be called a home. This was speedily accomplished. Within three days he and his boys, with the aid of such of the men at the works as could be spared, had a cabin erected and comfortably prepared for occupancy, and of sufficient size to afford ample accommodations for all the household. It very soon became the home of peace, comfort and contentment. As soon as the cabin home was prepared so as to afford comfortable protection to its inmates, and „shelter was provided for the oxen and the few domestic animals he possessed, Captain Chandler and his boys, with an unfaltering industry and energy, commenced the HISTORY OF MUSKINGUM COUNTY - 293 work of preparing the land for cultivation by clearing away the undergrowth of the forest and " girdling ", or deadening the trees around and in the neighborhood of his cabin home. The wild became a garden. At the end of the first season enough was secured of grain and vegetables, and provender for stock, to supply over into the succeeding year enough and to spare. The Chandlers were all active and could work with advantage at almost anything they undertook. They were, too, for the most part, artisans. They could as readily apply their hands to mechanical pursuits, and with as quick a perception as to the manner of doing, as to the preparation of the land for cultivation. Captain Chandler, in his boyhood days, had practiced, more as a pastime than as an employment, the business of blacksmithing. His boys readily caught the business of smithing, as they did the use of the plane, the saw, the chisel and the mallet, and as a consequence, at odd spells, on rainy days, and at times when out-door employments could not be pursued, with the aid of such mechanical instruments as they had at command, they were enabled' to make almost any article of every day use that required mechanical skill in its construction. This aptitude in the use of tools proved of great advantage to them during the after years when the settlement was developing. Before two years elapsed Captain Chandler had opened and placed under cultivation a large and productive farm. But the farm and farming operations were not enough. Ambitious, energetic and restless spirits required something to be feed upon more stimulating and exciting than that afforded by agricultural employment. It was at this juncture of affairs that negotiations were entered upon looking to the sale and transfer of the Salt Works still owned and conducted by the Marietta company to Captain Chandler and sons. In due time such sale was effected and the transfer of the works made. The new proprietors immediately went into possession and took charge of the business. Thus far, as the entire population of the neighborhood consisted only of a single family, it was a matter of indifference who owned the works or who conducted the business of salt manufacturing. But now it was different. The time had come when an increase of population in the neighborhood was anticipated. As a matter of course, all new comers would have a desire that the advantages to be derived from the conduct of the business, if any, should inure to the common benefit of the people of the neighborhood. This part, too, as it should, become generally known, would have the effect to attract population. The works, therefore, when the new proprietors acquired possession, thenceforward became known as "Chandler's Salt works." The business was. too, under the new management prosecuted with renewed energy and vigor and for all there was in it. It was from these works that the people along the Muskingum river and at Marietta, and for a distance of many miles along the Ohio above and below Marietta, for quite a number of years, obtained this article of universal necessity. It cannot be ascertained that a single employe of the Marietta company during the entire five years that Company owned and managed the works, remained for any considerable time in the employ of the new company, or became a pioneer or a settler in the neighborhood. A new set of men were on hand to take their places.. Only the names of a portion of these can now be recalled; and of these memory and tradition are alike at fault as to when and with a single exception whence they came and how long they were thus engaged. It is only known they were there some portion of the time during the six or seven years the Chandlers conducted the salt operations. The names now recalled are those of John Hopper, Daniel Bane, William Cunningham, William Newell, John Dixon and David Forebush. Though single men, nearly if not quite all became pioneers and identified themselves with the people of the neighborhood in clearing away the forests for cultivation. They deserve remembrance as the advance guard of the civilization that was to follow. It was now 1801, Zanesville and Putnam were each becoming points of some consequence and promised to be important towns. A post route providing for carrying the mail once a week each way, had been established between these points and Marietta, although on the entire line from Zanesville to Waterford there was not a Post Office for the reason there was not a single inhabitant resident on the line except at the Chandler's Salt works. This post road was little more than a bridle path, but the travel over it was becoming quite constant and was rapidly increasing. Accordingly the "Chandler settlement," as it was now being called, began to arrest attention. Comers and goers were frequent. The roads to: Zanesville and Duncan's Falls, especially the latter as it was the road on which the traffic to and from the Salt works was conducted, soon became much traveled highways. A new order of things was now about to be introduced. There is no record as to who were the first 294 - HISTORY OF MUSKINGUM COUNTY. pioneers to succeed Captain Chandler in this new settlement, who next to him were entitled to the honor of being the first to commence here the demolition of the forest. The arrivals became quite frequent. Several families came at about the same time. Among the first to arrive were John Briggs, of Pennsylvania, Johnson Brewster, of Vermont, a brother-in-law of Captain Chandler. About the same time came George Clapper from Pennsylvania and William Dixon, from Ireland, and Abraham Mercer, of Virginia. All , these men had families and were here before 1804. In this year came Daniel Bliss another brother-in-law of Captain Chandler, and a native of Massachusetts, with a family, including himself, of nine persons. He was a physician and the only physician in the settlement for more than twenty years. Then came during . the four or five years that followed, Peter Sarehett, Jacob Crumbaker, Jacob Wilhelm, Thomas Brady, Joseph Culbertson, and 'others whose names are not at command. All these men had families, they were pioneers and became what might be called representative men of the neighborhood. They all came to make husbandry their pursuit. A little further along came Robert Linn, and David Peairs, natives of Pennsylvania, Isaac Wartenbee from Virginia, and Welcome Ballou, from Massachusetts, and John Finney. All these persons were accompanied with their families. Other pioneer settlers followed and at the end of the decade the population of the township had increased to several hundred. It was, too, a rapidly increasing population, not confined to a single neighborhood, but scattered over the entire township. The Chandler grist mill was built prior to 1807 and was burned in 1811-1812. Llewellyn Howell built the second mill, and it is said Silas Robinson was his partner in the enterprise. Sometime between 1815 and 1818 Samuel McCune had a saw and grist mill on Big Salt creek. Zachary Chandler's tannery was started about 1810, and William Scott's distillery in 1814. Bernhard Brewster opened a store in 1812. John Stevens and John Moore were also early merchants. Zachary Chandler kept a tavern in a frame building as early as 1815. He was succeeded in this enterprise by a Mr. Cuberday, and during his occupancy the building was burned. Robert Linn opened his house for the accommodation of the public about 1820. There was no professional blacksmith in the township until 181o, when Jerry Joseph came. The next disciple of Vulcan was William Moore, known as "Old Bung My Eye." from a song he often sang. Dr. Daniel Bliss, the pioneer physician, came in 1812. Salt Creek Baptist church was, organized in 1811. The first church was of hewn logs and had the dignity of two stories and a gallery. The Methodist Episcopal church at Mansfork, grew out of a class organized as early as 1.812 by Rev. James Watts. William Knox began his labors at Chandlersville in 1816. Chandlersville and Sugar Grove appointments were formerly in Norwich circuit, and in 1869 were joined with. Fairview and Duncan's Falls appointments, and known as the Duncan's Falls circuit. Presbyterianism took root here in 1814, when the first organization was formed. A small frame house was the first edifice of this denomination at Chandlersville. The present brick church was built in 1834. The United Brethren church dates its organization back to 1857-1858. It was about the year 1805 that John Chandler, third son of Captain Chandler, still quite a young man, erected, or caused to be erected, the first mill in the township. Its site was on the creek about a mile below the salt works. As the mill stones were procured in the neighborhood and it contained no bolting chest; its use consisted principally in grinding corn. This was an important event in the history of the neighborhood. The Chandlers conducted the business of salt manufacturing for the period of between six and seven years after they first came into possession of the works. They then disposed of the same to John, Peter and Thomas Sarehett. On the 15th day of February, 1809, the General Assembly of Ohio passed a law creating or appointing an agent to superintend and lease these works. Previous to this date no such officer existed. Accordingly under that act a lease of the works for the period of three years was effected with the Sarehetts. Again on the 10th day of February, 1812, the general assembly of the state. passed an act authorizing the further leasing of the works to the same parties for the period of seven years, granting to the lessees the additional privilege of enclosing 80 acres of land adjoining .for pasture and fuel purposes. On the expiration of this lease no further action was taken by the state looking to its renewal. Owing to the fact that in numerous other localities, by boring wells deep into the rocky strata salt waters of much greater strength and in much larger quantities had been secured, these works as property possessed little value. For this and other causes they were abandoned. The territory which became known as Salt HISTORY OF MUSKINGUM COUNTY - 295 Creek township was described in the United States surveys as "Township 13 of Range 12, of lands of the United States situate in the State of Ohio," and as such passed into the market as other Congress lands. Section 31 was situated on the south of the river and on it the village of Taylorsville now stands. As the end of the first decade approached, the inhabitant's residing on this territory began to discuss the subject of a township organization. Accordingly on the 9th day of March, 1808, as the journal of the commissioners of Muskingum county discloses, sundry petitions were presented the board of county commissioners then in session, asking for the creation of certain townships. Among those petitions so presented was one from citizens of Salt Creek township according to the established survey. The journal says "the boundaries of the townships were established and the townships received." No time was fixed for the election of township officers as the statute required, and no election of officers ordered. Under this order of the commissioners it cannot be found that any further action was taken. Again, December 12th, 1808, it appears in the journal entry of that date, that "the petition of sundry inhabitants of Township 13, Range 12, was presented the board, praying an election be ordered to elect three trustees and a treasurer of that township." The journal says in response to this petition, "granted and order for election sent out by John Chandler." This was still an incomplete order and it does not appear that any action was taken looking to its execution. Again, March 8, 1815, more than six years after the last proceedings were had, this journal entry again appears: "A petition from a number of inhabitants of Salt Creek township was presented praying that the original surveyed Township number 13, Range 12 be erected into a township to be called and known by the name of Salt Creek township, and it is ordered the above township be established." Although this last order was incomplete, looking to what were the requirements of the statute in relation to the organization of townships, as no further action upon the subject seems to have been taken by the commissioners, it may be taken that this concluded all that was done towards the erection and establishment of this township; and that its civil and political existence may be regarded as commencing on this last date the county commissioners of the date of March 6th of that year, so much of the said orginally surveyed Township number 13, Range 12, as was contained in sections 6, 7, 18, 19, 29, 30 and 32, were detached from Salt Creek township and became a part of Wayne township as created of the date last aforesaid. This action of the commissioners was a matter of deep interest to all the people residing on the territory so detached, and by the most of them the action so taken was asked. Again, by the action of the county comissioners of the date of the 10th day of December, 1839, section 13 of Salt Creek township, as before stated, situated west of the Muskingum river and The first mutilation of the territory of Salt Creek township as created in March, 1815, grew out of the establishment and organization of Wayne township in 1826. By the action of embracing the village of Taylorsville, was detached from said township and made a part of Harrison Township. This action of the commissioners was also asked by the citizens of the detached territory for the reason they were separated from the township to which they belonged by the river, and were further cut off from their own township by a portion of Wayne that formerly belonged to Salt Creek township. These are all the territorial changes in the township from what it contained as first established. Hitherto, previous to entering on the second decade of the settlement, the daily routine in each family, year in and year out, had been much the same. But now visible changes began to be more and more apparent. The single room cabin with its outer wall decorated with the skins of the coon, fox, wolf, deer, bear, and other wild animals, began to disappear. It was fast being supplanted by the new two-story hewn log dwelling. Residences of a still more pretentious character also appeared, and before this second decade had closed, stone, brick and frame dwellings, of six, eight and ten rooms each, could be seen in several parts of the township, farm houses that would to-day be creditable to any portion of Muskingum county. New industries other than farming began to spring into being. Trades, though on a somewhat small scale, yet adequate to the demand of the community, were introduced. The first mill erected was enlarged and improved by the aid of new machinery, so as to convert it into a general flouring mill, and a saw mill attachment added. Two tanneries were put in operation, one a half mile north of the present village of Chandlersville by a man named James Austin, and the other, the pioneer of the tannery, conducted in the present stone building in the village, by Samuel Chandler. Other smaller trades, in those days conducted in rural communities, followed, but they no longer exist. 296 - HISTORY OF MUSKINGUM COUNTY. It was during this, the second decade of the settlement of this township, that the people were first enabled to introduce somewhat the habits and customs that attach to social life; habits and customs that belonged to the communities whence they came. That complete isolation to which they had been subject only now existed to a limited extent. These pioneers were an intelligent body of men and women. They mingled together on occasions varied and numerous. They were friends, sympathic and helpful. The same spirit of sociability dominated old and young. The outgrowth of all these new conditions became manifest. During the decade there were no less than eighteen marriages in the township. The contracting parties were in every instance the son and daughter of a pioneer and were themselves pioneers. This, too, was a period of great material prosperity among all the people of the township, and this fact, coupled with what has just been narrated as having taken place, afforded " confirmation strong " of the correctness of the Malthusian theory as to population. The early pioneers and settlers of Salt Creek township were for the most part a religious people. They had been religiously educated. They had been accustomed during the years of their childhood and later on in early manhood and womanhood to attend upon church services, and many of them had been church members. Those who came from the New England states were all of Puritan stock, and had been educated in the Congregational faith and mode of worship. But as the religious faith and the politics of the church were quite different things, they cared little for the latter, so they could entertain their convictions as to the former. Those who came from Pennsylvania and New Jersey were generally Presbyterians, or had been so educated, and as their doctrinal belief was much the same as that of the Congregationalists of that day there was no difficulty-in the two assimulating under the Presbyterian faith and mode of worship. Other denominational creeds and beliefs were represented among the first pioneers. Of course coming into a new country where such a thing as the stated preaching of the Gospel was unknown, all naturally became luke warm and apparently somewhat indifferent to their church vows. But withal, the religious impressions they had received in their earlier years could not be wholly eradicated, and these had the effect to restrain and hold in subjection the passions that otherwise, under the circumstances, might have gained the control of their action. Hence the Sabbath was distinctively observed as a day of rest if not of worship, more so than in densely populated communities. The desecration of its sacred hours, no matter how, was rarely known, and when known the entire community would frown upon the act. Whenever it was announced there was to be preaching in the neighborhood, no difference by whom or of what denominational creed, all made it a business as well as a duty to attend the services. And until churches were organized such continued to be the custom of the neighborhood. Of the soldiers of the war of 1812, the writer has only been enabled to obtain the following names: Samuel Chandler, John Clapper, William Cunningham, Joseph Linn, Samuel Bliss and Dr. Daniel Bliss. The latter engaged in the service as surgeon for a limited time only and until another could be secured to take his place. Bliss, (Samuel,) was discharged at the end of two months because of sickness. Cunnigham was killed by the Indians in the battle of Mississinawa on the Wabash. Chandler in this engagement exhibited so courageous and conspicuous a daring, that on the close of the war he was tendered by the department at Washington the office of Major in the regular army of the United States. This honor he declined. The others on the expiration of their respective terms of service returned to their homes. The pioneers of Salt Creek township took a large interest in the establishment of schools and the education of the youth of the neighborhood. To nothing can their descendants point with a greater degree of pride than to the high character these schools maintained. The first brick school house in Muskingum county was erected in this township. It. was a large and commodious structure capable of comfortably accommodating sixty to seventy pupils and provided with desks and other necessary appendages of the school room equal to any of the present day. The first five male teachers, commencing with the winter of 1823— 24, who conducted schools successively in this building were all graduates of American colleges. The structure was erected and finished throughout by private subscription. The first circulating library in Muskingum county, containing about i so volumes at first organization, for that matter, with two exceptions, the first in all southeastern Ohio, was established in this township, and so this organization was kept up until the establishment of Sunday school libraries about 1830. The foregoing constitutes, very briefly, an HISTORY OF MUSKINGUM COUNTY - 297 account of the principal events in pioneer life in Salt Creek township. Of what has subsequently occurred it is not sufficiently known, at least to the present inhabitants, to render any narrative thereof in this connection unnecessary. The population of the township at the different decennial periods since its organization, and the names and dates of the commissions of the several postmasters may be a subject of interest and are herewith given. Population 1820, 967; 1830, 1,190; 1840, 1,252; 1850, 1,215; 186o, 1,158; 1870, 1,138; 1880, 1,141; 1890, 1,148. Postmasters, Salt Creek, John Chandler, October', 1814; John Stevens, January 31, 1829; Nathaniel Chapman, August 3, 1832. Name of the office was changed to Chandlersville January 12, 1843. Chandlersville, Nathaniel Chapman, January 12, 1843; Isaac Brittain, December 3, 1845; Llewellyn Pierce, June 19, 1849; Isaac Brittain, July 16, 1853; Thomas W. Crumbaker, May 31, 1861; William E. Ferguson, March 27, 1869; Israel C. Robinson, August 9, 1869; O. H. P. Crumbaker, October 19, 1870; John W. Ludman, September 27, 1889. Duncan's Falls P. O. was established July 24, 1837. CHAPTER XXII UNION TOWNSHIP. PRIOR to the opening of the Zane Trace, there were Indian settlements in the township, notably one on a creek in the southern part of the township, called after a Shawanees chief, White Eyes creek, and another camp was located in section five. The names of earliest settlers in the township will probably ever remain unknown, as many of them, after a short residence, pushed on still farther into the wilds of the great west. A portion of the township, the southeast quarter, was reserved by the government for school lands, and many of these first comers being unable to purchase, squatted on the school lands. Among those who occupied school lands between 1803 and 1806 were Henry Hardesty, Peter Monroe, Henry Hardy, Wm. Newland and Mr. Mullen. About the same time several families came from Pennsylvania and located in the northeast part of the township. Thomas Warren located in section 13 on the old Zane road, opening his house for accommodation of the public in 1804. John Self took up land on the creek that bears his name in 1805. Judge David Findley coming in 1806 purchased land of Henry Reasoner, who had located in section one in 1804. Samuel Wilson selected the northwest quarter of section I I in 1806, and in 1807 John Haddon settled on section 8. Wm. Hunter, Robert Walker and Andrew Lorimer located on sections 13 and 18, while Ralph Hardesty took a portion of section 14. From 1806 to 1815 the settlement grew rapidly. Among those who came during this period were Adam and Daniel Bowman, James Cummins, Decker, Simon Elliott, Joseph Geyer, Wm. Garner, Peter Galligher, Frederick Henderson, Joseph McCune, Joseph McKinney, Col. John Reynolds, Wm. Speer, David Sellers, Isaac Tewalt, Bennett Vandevert, Benj. Wortman. Among the pioneers between 1815 and 1835 were Samuel Conners, Wm. McClellan, David and John Conners. Thomas Pearce, John and Alexander Brown, Samuel McCormick, John Barrett, Richard and Isaac Storey, David Stormont, Allen Black, John McLeod, Abraham Haines, Robert Buchannan, David Sinsabaugh, James Caldwell, John McClure, Billy McClure, George Miller, John and Moses Riley and John Jamison. New Concord was a requirement of the days of its organization. The land upon which it was located was first settled by Henry Reasoner in 1804. Judge David Findley in 1806 purchased the tract of Mr. Reasoner and cleared and cultivated the land. In 1827 the establishing of the national road through his place prompted Judge Findley to lay out a town, which was acomplished March 24, 1828. The location of the town of Concord and the description of the plat is recorded as follows: Plat of the town of Concord, on the first section of township number one, of the fifth range, U. S. military district, in Muskingum county, and 298 - HISTORY OF MUSKINGUM COUNTY. state of Ohio. The lots are all four poles in front and twelve poles back, each containing forty-eight square perches. The main street is eighty feet wide, all other streets are forty-one feet wide, and the alleys are one perch wide. The proprietor gives one lot on Second street for a meeting house and literary purposes. An addition to the town of Concord was platted in Sept., 1849 by James Findley and two, Irwin's and Speer's, were platted in 1855. The opening of the National road was the signal for the transfer of the bulk of travel from the old Zane Trace to the new road which, being better constructed and better kept, made traveling easier and less expensive. A line of stage coaches was transferred to the new road, and to accomodate travelers and freight haulers, taverns sprang up along the road. Many of those who had formerly lived on the old Zane Trace now changed their residence to the new route. Among those who moved was Joseph McKinney, who had a blacksmith shop on the old Zane Trace. He opened the first shop in Concord. His place was the spot where the Reformed Presbyterian church now stands. Concord was made a stage station or rather a relay station, where the six stage horses driven at full speed from Zanesville, the nearest station west, were exchanged for fresh horses. The stage horses were supplied by Joseph McKinney, who also changed the mails, he being the first postmaster at Concord, appointed 1819. At this time the present flourishing village had 'but few houses. There was a house on the site of Gault's drug store, one where Mr. Herdman's residence is located. Mrs. Drummond's house was built about that time.. These houses were all frame, the pioneers having so far progressed that even then the day of the log house was passed. Judge David Findley's large brick house was erected in 1828. It was the first brick house in Concord. It was used as a tavern and is still standing and apparantly almost as good as new. It is now known as the Wilson hotel. Wm. Galligher kept the first, and at the time of which we write the only store, in the building now occupied by Wm. Given and sons as a meat market. A school house occupied the site where the meeting-house of the United Presbyterian church now stands. The second store in the village was that of Thomas McGiffin, who kept a general store. A Mr. Rogers kept a store between 1835 and 1840. The impetus given by the advent of .the National road was not soon checked. To be sure the growth of the village was slow, but was a healthy, sure growth. A religious element pervaded the entire township and Concord was in 1835 the site of three churches. Education was demanded by the children of the pioneers, and a more thorough and extensive education than could be obtained in the common schools of the time, was greatly desired; hence we find in 1835 a number of those. most interested seeking the establishment of a college in Concord. A meeting of the citizens of Concord and vicinity was called on July 9, 1836. After considerable discussion relative to the needs of such an institution and the advantages to be derived from it, the meeting adjourned until the afternoon of August 10, of same year. Upon this latter date a constitution and by-laws for the management of an academy were adopted and a board of directors chosen, consisting of seven members; and at a subsequent meeting the board of managers completed and Mr. Andrew B. Black was made principal of the academy. In the autumn of the same year the school was opened with very encouraging prospects. This academy was successor to the Pleasant Hill academy, conducted in the Presbyterian church, one mile south of this village. The board taking into consideration the fact that New Concord was situated in the heart of a fertile country, thickly inhabited by a people favorable to literary pursuits, and quite remote from any literary institution, its ease of access—being on the National road—called a meeting of the citizens with a view to petition the Legislature to grant them a charter for a college. As a result of this action a petition was prepared and placed in the hands of Honorable David Chambers, a member of the house of representatives. This petition being presented to the legislature, was favorably considered and in March, 1837, an act was passed incorporating Muskingum college, to be under the management of nine trustees, with power to increase the number to fifteen. The board immediately took steps to procure grounds and to erect a college building. At the meeting of the board, June 14, 1837, a faculty was chosen, consisting of Rev. Benjamin Waddle, president; Andrew M. Black, professor of languages; Elisha McCoy, professor of mathematics. During the first year the educational work of the college was conducted in a rented building, while in the meantime a college building was in process of erection and was so rapidly completed as to allow class room work to be conducted in the beginning of the second college year. The energy, perseverance and ability with which these men were actuated and impelled is de- HISTORY OF MUSKINGUM COUNTY - 299 serving of the highest admiration. The building was rapidly pushed to completion and afforded ample facilities for college work at that time. But on the fourth of March, 1851, a destructive fire occurred, which partially destroyed this building, and on the thirteenth of the same month the board met to take measures to repair the damage done. At this meeting a committee of citizens waited on the board and tendered to them a sum of money sufficient to repair the building. In 1873 an additional building was erected on the front of the old one, which greatly improved its appearance, adding to its space and convenience, and affording the needed additional room and facilities for educational work. From the beginning of the college to 1877 it was entirely under local management, and supported largely by local patronage; and in order to advance its utility, a meeting was held on July 6, 1877, at which it was deemed expedient for the interests of the institution to extend its patronage, and with this end in view, they proffered the college to the control of two presbyteries of the United Presbyterian church, viz: Mansfield and Muskingum. After some consideration on the part of the presbyteries, the offer was accepted by them, and a board elected to take the oversight of the institution. This board met and organized August 28, 1877, and took steps to secure a change in the charter adapted to the new relations. During the succeeding five years this denomination continued its oversight of the college, and took steps to enlarge the field of its patronage by tendering the institution to the United Presbyterian synod of Ohio, which was cheerfully accepted; and since that time an established and uniform success has attended its operations. The college is at the present day under the management of the Synod of Ohio, and the board of trustees consists of twenty-one members (elected by the synod,) and the president of the college, who is a member ex-officio. The expenses of the college are met in part by a light tuition, collected from the students, and by a partial endowment. Special efforts are now being made to largely increase the endowment fund and greatly enlarge the facilities of this institution. Upon its first inception the management confined its privilages to young gentlemen only, and so operated until March 20, 1854, at which time its management became conscious that the spirit of the times demanded a change, and young women were admitted to the privileges of the institution on the same conditions as young men. The board has never had cause to regret this action, for the result has been highly satisfactory both in attendance and in its beneficial results to both sexes. While the young women have for the most part taken the scientific course, yet many have taken a full classical couse, and in point of ability and scholarship have shown themselves able to compete with the young men in all educational work. There are two courses of study, the classical and scientific. The former requires six years of earnest work. It has recently been enlarged, and now compares favorably with the curicula of other institutions. The student, upon completing this course, receives the degree of B. A. The scientific course requires five years of study. Eight terms of Latin are embraced in it; Greek and Hebrew are omitted. All the sciences, and the greater part of mathematics of the classical course are required in this course. Its completion entitles the graduate to the degree of B. S. The college has had twelve presidents. The first was Rev. Benjamin Waddle, D. D., who was largely instrumental in originating the institution. Mr. Waddle was twice president—first one year, and then for three years. Two of the twelve, Rev. J. P. Lytle, D. D., and Rev. H. P. McClerkin, D. D., served one year each as president pro tem. The longest presidency was held by Rev. David Paul, D. D., from 1865 to 1879. Dr. Paul was chiefly instrumental is raising the college to the favorable position it occupies to-day in the rank of educational institutions. The present incumbent, Rev. John D. Irons, D. D., has occupied the position for three years, and his efforts have been crowned with the highest success in placing every department of this institution upon the most healthful basis,.making it to-day one of the most vitalizing and prosperous educational institutions in the state. The alumni of this college comprise men who are prominent to-day in the ministry, in the field of letters, and among the professions and business men in various sections of the Union. The following are the members of the present board of trustees: Term expires 1891—Rev. W. H. McFarland. Cambridge, Ohio; Rev. J. T. Campbell, Kimbolton, Ohio; Rev. J. J. Madge, Dalton, Ohio; Rev. J. W. Martin, Mt. Perry, Ohio; Rev. W. H. Vincent, Mansfield, Ohio; Rev. J. G. Kennedy, Wellsville, Ohio; Henry McCreary, M. D., New Concord, Ohio. Term expires in 1892—Rev. J. P. Lytle, D. D., Sago, Ohio; D. E. Ralston, Esq., New Concord, Ohio; Rev. C. E. White, Galligher, Ohio; Rev. W. R. Harshaw, Steubenville, Ohio; Samuel Harper, Esq., New Concord, Ohio; Samuel Smiley, Esq., Sago, Ohio; John E. Sankey, Esq., Cambridge, Ohio. Term expires 1893—Rev. David Paul, D. D.,