28 - PAST AND PRESENT OF MUSKINGUM COUNTY (RETURN TO THE TITLE PAGE) CHAPTER IV. COUNTY BUILDINGS, COMPRISING JAILS, COURT HOUSE OF 1809, COURT HOUSE OF 1874, COUNTY INFANTRY, MEMORIAL BUILDING, “Y” BRIDGE, THIRD STREET BRIDGE, FIFTH STREET BRIDGE, MONROE STREET BRIDGE, SIXTH STREET BRIDGE, VIADUCT. JAILS. The first public building possessed by the county was a two,story jail, erected 1806-7, of hewn logs, squared, and lined with three inch plank ; the lower story was fitted for criminals and the upper for debtors. January 25, 1808, Henry Newell and Jacob Gomber, Commissioners, and Benjamin Tupper, clerk, on behalf of the county, signed a contract with Henry Ford for the erection of a frame court house, twenty by fifty-five feet, two stories in height, for the munificent sum of $480.00, William Whitten. the remaining Commissioner, protesting against the extravagance of the action and refusing to execute the contract. Ford's bondsmen were Dr. Increase Mathews. Peter Speck and John Levens, and December 7, 1808, his account was presented and the building alleged to be finished. The lower story was used as the jailor's residence and the upper as a court house, and the building was combined with the previously erected jail and the two structures were under one roof. Wednesday, April 3, 1814, the court house and jail were entirely destroyed by fire. On Tuesday two men arrived at Zanesville from the east with a negro, alleged to be a fugitive slave from Kentucky, who was placed in the jail for safe keeping during the night, against the protests of a dumber of citizens who objected to the use of the jail for such purposes, and the prisoner effectually prevented a like use in future. During the night he endeavored to escape by burning off the lock, but the fire became unmanageable and he was rescued in an almost suffocated condition; some of the excited and indignant citizens demanded that he be thrown back into the flames, and during the excitement the prisoner made his escape with the assistance of some local free-soilers. The surrounding buildings were very much endangered but the vigilance of the citizens confined the fire to the one in which it originated, the night being perfectly calm. The Commissioners' journal is EAST SIDE OF FOURTH STREET. South of Fountain Alley, about 1860. At the corner of Fountain Alley was a two-story brick, with central hall opening on Fourth street leading to the city prison in the rear; on each side of the hall was a hose house. In the second r were the Mayor's office and the City Council Chamber. The small frame adjoining contained a saluting cannon and fire ladders. The ornamental brick building next south was the home of the Rescue Hook and Ladder Company, whose truck is represented.  George James' law office, with its hospitable porch, was next in order, and to the extreme right is n a corner of the one story brick building erected in 1809, as office for the State Treasurer. The of the Main street front of the Court House represented this building as two story, the second having been added some ten years after the above photograph was taken. PAST AND PRESENT OF MUSKINGUM COUNTY - 31 silent on the subject of the fire, and no official information formation is obtainable respecting the place of confinement until a contract was entered into August 22, 1822, with James Hampson, for the erection of a brick jail at his offer of $5,599.00. In those days contracts were sold at vendue, or public auction, and the lowest bidder secured the "undertaking." The proposed building was planned to be forty feet square, two stories in height, each ten feet in the clear ; the walls of the prison portion to be 22 inches thick and of the sheriff's residence 18 inches thick, the entire structure to be completed by January 1, 1824. As in the former building, the lower prison was for criminals and the upper for debtors, and the building was in use until the present, jail and sheriff's residence were constructed. Imprisonment for debt was abolished by act of the General Assembly, approved March 10, 1838. March 16, 1824, five prisoners escaped and the Sheriff offered a reward of $15.00 for their capture and the recovery of the hopples ; one of the fugitives returned and gave information about the tools furnished them to escape, and the hopples were found on Putnam Hill. The numerous escapes proved the brick jail to be insecure for holding skilled cracksmen, and the Commissioners advertised for the erection of a stone prison, 45 by 50 feet, at the southeast corner of the block, to contain sixteen cells, in two tiers : the masonry was to be laid in regular courses, and a contract was made with Hugh Madden, April 15, 1845, for the building complete at $7,975.00, and was finished in October. 1846 ; it remained in use until the present jail was built. but it did not prove impregnable to interior assaults, and a laborer, with a poker and fire shovel, excavated his way to freedom and in 1846 a man, convicted of poisoning his wife, escaped from the brick jail. The present jail and sheriff's residence were ,built when the present court house was erected, and the jail stands east of the former ; the present structure was built by T. B. Townsend and cost $8,500.00, the interior iron work being placed by M. Clements at a cost of $16,527.00, or an agregate of $25,027.00. THE STATE HOUSE. When the State of Ohio was formed, the seat of government was placed temporarily at Chillicothe, and the location of the permanent capital was not lost sight of by the ambitious settlements. The residents of Springfield, or Putnam, were called Puritans or Yankees, and their native thrift, enterprise, shrewdness and foresight were all exerted to secure the location of the Ohio capital in their village; indeed some such idea may have been in mind when the town was platted, as the reservation of land on Putnam Hill enumerated possible "state" buildings. The town was m0re enterprising and prosperous than Zanesville, whose only industries were a saw mill and pottery. The Putnamites raised a fund by subscription and, in 1808, erected a large tw0 story stone building, with a hall and two large rooms, located on a fine roomy lot, in the southeast part of the village; also a three story brick hotel, the first of its character in the southeastern portion of the state, at the southwest corner of Putnam and Muskingum avenues, convenient to the ferry and ford, and upon the Lancaster road; a large hall or concert room was provided on the second floor, and on the third floor were about a dozen sleeping rooms, the hostelry being opened by William Burnham. With these facilities and conveniences the Putnam people thought they could offer more completed inducements than any other location, and if they failed to secure the capital, the hotel would prove a valuable investment and the proposed state house could be converted into an academy. These preparations aroused Zanesville, and McIntire was in the front of the agitation to obtain the prize for the older settlement. Early in 1807-8 the subject was agitated of removing the capital, and the Muskingum delegation in the General Assembly, assisted by a committee of citizens, headed by John McIntire, petitioned the General Assembly to remove it to Zanesville, representing that the county would furnish suitable buildings for the legislature and state officers, and receiving assurances that if they would do this Zanesville would be made the temporary capital ; and the people indulged the hope that if it were once placed in comfortable quarters it would remain. The county was very poor. the duplicate was small, no money was in circulation, none in the treasury and none in prospect for several years. The Commissioners hesitated about incurring obligations, and the Zanesville citizens agreed to raise the money and charge no interest on the principal until the building was completed and all bills against the county were paid. The Commissoners' journal makes no reference to the proposed state house and no mention is made at any time, during the period Zanesville was state capital, of the presence of the legislature or the use of the court house as a state house ; all the proceedings were had as if the structure were for county purposes only. Under date of March 8, 1800, the journal reads : "The Commissioners having taken into consideration the proposals made by a number of the inhabitants of the town of Zanesville for erecting a County House in said town d0 agree and consent to the execution of the said building on the following conditions, viz : The money which may be loaned the county by individuals for the aforesaid use, shall not draw interest until the building 32 - PAST AND PRESENT OF MUSKINGUM COUNTY. is finished entirely. Also, that no money shall be drawn from the county treasury to go towards the payment of either principal or interest so loaned until all other demands which are against the county are discharged, and also all ordinary expenses of said county which may accrue from time to time are paid. The surplus revenue of said county may be applied to the discharge of said loan but the county is never to be sued for the payment thereof ; and futher, within three months after the contract is signed for the erection of said building there shall be paid to the undertakers one thousand dollars, and after one thousand dollars shall be paid quarterly yearly until six thousand dollars shall have been paid, and the residue, if any, for the completion of said building shall be paid within six months thereafter, provided the building shall have progressed so fast as to justify such payments, which shall be judged of by the Commissioners." At the same time the following bond was given : "Know all men by these presents, that we, John McIntire, Jeffrey Price, Robert Taylor, William Raynolds, Joseph F. Munro, Wyllys Silliman, Daniel Conyers, Robert Fulton are held and firmly bound unto Jacob Gomber, Daniel Stillwell and William Newell, commissioners of Muskingum county, in the sum of sixteen thousand dollars, for the payment of which we bind ourselves, our and each of our heirs, executors and administrators. "The condition of this bond is that whereas the Commissioners of Muskingum county have agreed to build a court house on condition that the sum of money necessary to buid the same shall be advanced by the inhabitants of said county, now if the said sum necessary for building shall be paid the said Commissioners agreeably to the contract to be entered into by the Commissioners for building said house, then this obligation to be void, else to remain in full force." This was signed by the persons named in the body and their signatures were witnessed by Hugh Hazlett and John Van Home. The journal further prescribed in some detail the character of the structure, which was to be of brick, fifty feet square, or to contain 2,50o square feet on each floor with other details referred to in the specifications later given. No money to be appropriated and no subsequent contracts entered into by the Commissioners until the money so loaned, with interest thereon was paid. Newell entered a protest against the proceedings alleging that the Commissioners had no authority to pledge the faith of the county to the payment of such loans. The Zanesville Court House Company was organized by the wealthiest and most influential citizens, with John McIntire as president and Robert Fulton as treasurer ; shares were sold at $50 each and the company agreed to pay the sums named in the contract with the "undertakers" and the contract was executed coincident with the above recited action, and was signed by McIntire, Price, Taylor, Raynolds, Munro and.Fulton on behalf of company and by Benjamin Tupper, clerk, on behalf of the commissioners, who were influenced to do so from the manifest needs for a better court house, knowing that if the capital were removed from Zanesville the buildings could be devoted to county purposes and if it remained the growth of the town would enable them to erect the necessary structures. March 31, 1809, the plans for the building were approved and April 10, 1810, William Raynolds was appointed "crier" to sell the contract that day to the lowest bidder at public auction as was the custom in that time ; and the "undertaking" was secured by Joseph F. Munro, Daniel Conyers, John Williamson and James Hampson at their bid of $7,550.00. The specifications were very exact and directed that the building should be placed forty feet from Main street and in the center of the lot between Fourth street and Court ally ; the foundation walls were to be thirty-six inches thick, eighteen inches under ground and twelve above ; upon this wall were to be three tiers of cut stone work, respectively twelve, eleven and ten inches thick and upon it a brick wall thirty- one feet high ; the lower story walls were to be twenty-two inches thick and eighteen feet high, the upper story walls, eighteen inches thick and twelve feet high above the joists of the second floor ; a line of cut stone was to divide the stories, the building being patterned after the Independence Hall at Philadelphia ; the whole was to be completed and delivered to the Commissioners on or before November 4, 1809. When first erected there were three large arched doors m the east, south and west fronts, reached by stone steps to a stone platform, and when the two story addition for county offices on the west and the Atheneum on the east were erected these doors were closed. Payments were made by orders on John McIntire, the only ones recorded being : July 10, $750.00; October 6, $1,000.00; April 15, 1810, $1,000.00 ; December 4, 1811, final payment $1.550.00. March 8, 1810, citizens petitioned for the erection of a brick building as offices for the Register and County Clerk, but really as offices for the Secretary of State and State Treasurer ; ; the Commissioners agreed to comply with the request on condition that the money necessary for the erection be loaned the county by individuals and draw interest only after the building was completed; that no part of either interest or principal was to be paid until after the money which had already been loaned for the erection of the court house, together with the interest thereon had been paid PAGE - 33 - PICTURE OF COURT HOUSE OF 1809 PAGE - 34 - BLANK PAST AND PRESENT OF MUSKINGUM COUNTY - 35 and all contingent expenses which had or might accrue had been discharged, and there should be a surplus of money in the county treasury ; and that bond were given for the payment of the money at times coincide with the contract to be made by the Commissioners, and by draft as in the case of the court house. On the same day Isaac Van Horne, John McIntire and Wyllys Silliman entered into a bond in the sum of one thousand dollars in form similar to the one given in the matter of the court house, the witnesses being Benjamin Tupper and William Raynolds. April 10, 1810, the contract was awarded to James Hampson for $920.00 to erect a building 24x28 feet, ten feet high; foundation walls to be twenty-two inches thick, eighteen inches below the surface and the same height above ; outside walls of brick to be fourteen inches thick, partition walls to be nine inches, and the whole laid with a brick floor ; one room was to contain a fire proof vault with brick side walls fourteen inches thick, and end walls twenty-two and one-half inches thick ; two sheet iron doors were to be provided for the vault, reinforced by wrought iron bars. It was stipulated that the south wall of the building was to be in "range with the north wall of the court house." December 10, the building was pronounced need completed and an order was given on McIntire for the contract price. Where, the north wall of the court house was erected there was formerly a prehistoric mound, and the day before excavation was commenced an imgnorant German was informed that gold and silver trinkets and other valuable articles were buried in it and that those first at work would secure the cream. At day light the next morning , the victim was at work with horse and cart, while his informant walked around and enjoyed the industry with which the German worked ; during day the man was told he was being imposed upon. Only a skeleton and some stone implements were found. The General Assembly did not pass the act removing the capital to Zanesville until February 19, 1810, to take "effect and be in force from and after the first day of October, 1810, Next day, February 20, 1810, five commissioners were appointed to locate the permanent capital in a place "not more than forty miles from what may be deemed the common center of the state, to be ascertained by Mansfield's map." The Commissioners were directed to meet at Franklinton, September 1, 1810, and one month before Zanesville could be capital, the commissioners would make the selection, and Zanesville was excluded by its geographical position. Zanesville was pledged , and it made no protest against bad faith of the General Assembly ; the court house was cormpleted and the legislature named George Jackson, John McIntire, Wyllys Silliman, Robert McConnell and David J. Marple to transport the books, papers, etc., from Chillicothe to Zanesville, and they faithfully performed their duty with disappointed ambitions. December 3, 1810, the first legislative session was held at Zanesville, the House occupying the lower floor and the Senate the upper, and it was always thereafter known as the Senate Chamber. Durmg this session, an earthquake occurred between 10 and 11 o'clock one forenoon ; the clerk of the hotel, upon the Clarendon site, was standing in the doorway of the hotel when he felt the shock and saw the cupola of the state house sway and the dignified Senators tumblmg down the steps and jumping from the windows along the stairs, and Representatives leaping from the windows of the lower room. Cows bellowed, horses neighed, dogs howled, pigs squealed and all animated nature was alarmed ; no damage was done except a few bricks knocked from chimneys and some dishes broken by being shaken from cub- board shelves. The second session began December 2, 1811, and February 14, 1812, the act was passed locating the permanent capital on the east bank of the Scioto river, opposite Franklinton, in Franklin county, where the promoters were to lay out a town. Nine propositions were considered, and twelve members entered protests on the journal against tile action as unnecessary and uncalled for, especially at the rejection of the proposition from Delaware t0 donate the ground and erect the necessary buildings, and lay off four thousand acres in town lots and pay the state one half the proceeds of the sale. As no name had been proposed for the capital city the legislature directed that it be Columbus. The crownmg act of bad faith with Zanesville was accomplished in the order of the legislature that from and after May 1, 1812, the temporary capital should be fixed at Chillicothe, and Zanesville's dream of capitalistic fame was ended. From October 1, 1810, to May 1, 1812, Zanesville was the state capital ; when it lost the distinction the state house became the county building ; the Representatives' hall became the court room, and the old court house and brick office were available for county purposes. The subscribers to the fund for public buildings appear to have been dissatisfied with results and January 9, 1811, made demand upon the commissioners for certificates for the money paid by them to contractors, with interest thereon, and January , the Commissioners ordered that certificates should be given, in accordance with the order of March 8, 1809, to those who had paid their subscriptions in full, with interest from December 1, 18, and that all payments subsequently made in full should be acknowledged by a certificate bearing interest from the date of pay- 36 - PAST AND PRESENT OF MUSKINGUM COUNTY. ment ; provision was also made for dividend payments from surplus county funds. Nothing appears to have been done, and December 7, 1814, McIntire, Fulton and Conyers came before the commissioners and asked some payment on account and were allowed $800.00. The loan was a long one and from a memorandum appears to have been paid in full as follows : Court House stock, redeemed in 1822 $1,933.92 Office stock, redeemed in 1822 441.41 Court House stock, redeemed in 1823 582.05 The bell which hung in the cupola of old "1809" and rang the curfew until the demolition of tne building was made by Thomas Layering, of Philadelphia, in 1817, and was shipped over the mountains by wagon to Pittsburg and thence by water to Zanesville. It was paid for principally by members of the Presbyterian church of Zanesville and Putnam, who had exclusive use of the bell for church purposes, and the expense of hanging in the cupola was borne by the city in consideration of the privilege of ringing the curfew and sounding fire alarms. The origin: I court house contained no rooms for county officers and it has not been possible to ascertain where the officers were located until the erection of the west wing. April 18, 1833, Commissioners Israel Robinson, Samuel McCune and Lyle Fulton received proposals for building public offices at the west end of the original building, and after examining several from sundry persons awarded the contract to David Maginnis for $3,300.00 to be finished on or before April 1, 1834. The addition was a basement of stone and a two story, brick superstructure, with a center hall, and when completed formed the portion of the strutture, shown in prints of old "1809," abutting upon Fourth street, the Atheneum building forming the wing on the east and extending to Court alley. May 2, 1834, the Commissioners examined the im. provement and were "unanimously of the opinion that the building is finished and completed, as required by contract," and "do receive said offices from the hands of the said Maginnis and are herewith contented and satisfied." A statement of the cost was given : Per contract - $3,300.00 Extra work - 342 . 08 - $3,642 . 08 The east room, or next to the court room, on the first floor was occupied by the Clerk of the Courts, and the west r00m by the Auditor ; the east room in the second story, over the Clerk's office, was the Probate Court room and the west room the Recorder's office. When the city acquired the building of the Rescue Hook and Ladder Company, the Mayor was authorized, June 10, 1864, to lease the same to the Commissioners and made a lease for ten years, at $150.00 per year, the Commissioners to have the right to make such improvements as might be necessary to fit the building for th uses of the Treasurer and Auditor and August 30, 1864 the Commissioners ordered that during the removal and rebuilding of the vault in th Treasurer's office, that officer was authorized ti deposit the public funds in the Muskingum Firs and Second National Banks. The origmal, one story office building, erecte. in 1809, was vacated by the County Treasurer i the late summer, 1864, and December 5, the Commissioners rented the building to Hugh Dunne from November 1 to April 1, 1865, at $100.00 pe year and during 1865 or '66 a second story wa-' added, and the building was occupied as a print ing otrrce and book bindery until its demolition ti erect the new court house. At the time of the razing of old "1809" the Fourth street front of the present court hous block was qccupied by city and private property At the corner of Fountain alley was erected a twr story, brick building owned by the city, on th side of which, next to the alley, was the Unio Fire Company and on the south side a simila room once used by the Relief Fire Company, but then vacant ; through the center of the building hall was constructed to the city prison which extended across the width of the building, in th rear ; in the second story was the old council cham ber on the north side and the Mayor's office on th south. Adjoining this was a small, one story fram which contained some ladders and a saluting can non ; next on the south was the handsome, tow story brick house of the Rescue Hook and Ladde Company, which the city had preempted an rented to the county as ohlces for the treasurer o the ground floor and Auditor on the second ; adjoining, on the south, was the one story, fram office building of George James, with its hospitable front porch, and last the brick building erecte in 1809 for use of the state officers and then use. as a printing office and book bindery. During the construction of the court hous of 1874 the court room and Clerk's offices were maintained in the market house ; the Auditor an treasurer occupied the Hook and Ladder house probate court was located in the old coun chamber in the city building at the corner of t alley and the Recorder was housed m the O'Nesi building, at northwest corner of Fourth street a Fountain alley. NEW COURT HOUSE. After sixty years use the old court house "1809" was entirely inadequate for the business the county, and the Commissioners decided erect a building adapted to the needs and comm surate with the standing and wealth of the coun PAGE - 37 - PICTURE OF MEMORIAL BUILDING PAGE 38 - BLANK PAST AND PRESENT OF MUSKINGUM COUNTY - 39 The entire block, bounded by Main and Fourth streets and Fountain and Court alleys was desired, but the city and the Zanesville Atheneum were occupants, and the former was paid $8,000.00 And the latter $6,575.00 to vacate and release all claims upon the ground. Plans were prepared and advertisements made for bids ; September 3, 1874, ten bids for the entire work, and sundry bids for portions were opened ; the following day the contract was awarded to T. B. Townsend for $221,657.00, and when the building was com-I the unforseen "extras" aggregated $1,403.02, or an aggregate of $222,060.02; the last court was held in the old court house September 11, 1874, when it adjourned to Black's Music Hall where sessions were held during the construction of the new edifice. The dedication of the new stone building was celebrated May 1, 1877, in the court room, at 2 p.m. Mr. E. E. Fillmore, as chairman, called the assemblae to order and delivered an address, during which he said : “May each member of the Bar, as the generations shall succeed each other, be enabled to appropriate to himself, as he nears his journey's end language similar to that of the virtuous old Roman, who could say in the face of his bitterest enemy : 'Cato's voice was never raised to clear the guilty nor to varnish crimes. “Our earnest prayer should be that those who shall here successively wear the ermine may be men who fear God and hate covetousness ; men whose names shall be enrolled among the just judges by whom the world has been blessed. May they ever have before them the bright example of him, whose name has come down through the ages, surrounded by a halo, who, as he laid aside the robes of office, could say to the people : ‘Here I am; witness against me. Whom have I defraud? Whom have I oppressed ? or from whose hand have I received any bribe to blind my eyes therewith ?' " At the conclusion of Mr. Fillmore's address the orchestra discoursed some appropriate music and Rev. A. Kingsbury, D. D.. offered an Invocation, which was followed by "Gloria in Excelsis," by a quarteette composed of Mrs. George Harris, Miss Kate Cassell, and Messrs. James A. Cox and William H. Wilmot, with Miss Clara Ayers, organist. Mr. Frank H. Southard, on behalf of the Commissioners, presented the building to the people of the county and it was accepted on behalf of the Bar and the people by Hon. John O'Neill, of the Bar Association. After more by the orchestra, Hon. M. M. Granger delivered an address upon the general history of the county, which has been freely used in the preparation of this more elaborate history ; upon its conclusion a recess was taken until 7 :30 p. m. when the exercises were resumed with instrumental music ; Hon. L. P. Marsh delivered an address upon "The Efficiency of Courts and How to Promoted," a subject upon which the venerable jurist was peculiarly qualified to speak ; the quartette rendered a suitable selection and Gen. W. H. Ball addressed the assemblage on "The Relation of the Bar to the Court and Community," after which the Doxology, "Praise God from Whom All Blessings Flow" was sung, and the people dispersed after a benediction by Rev. Dr. Kingsbury. COUNTY 1NFIRMARY. The original statute of the Ohio Legislature, passed February 26, 1816, authorizing the establishment of homes for the indigent, designated them as poor houses, but March 23, 1850, the official title was declared to be Infirmary, as less offensive to those obliged to accept its shelter, an action in accord with the spirit of practical kindness and justice which characterizes so many of the Ohio laws. January 30, 1838, the County Commissioners purchased one hundred acres of land in Fall township, and July 3, 1838, directed the payment of $3,000 therefor ; May 5, 1839, a contract was awarded David Maginnis for the erection of a building at a cost of $7,409.57, which was partially destroyed by fire in 1859, and rebuilt and enlarged in 1860 at a cost of $9,500. October 8, 1863, an additional one hundred acres, adjoining, were purchased for $7,000, and May 15, 1880, a contract was let for the erection of the present handsome, comfortable and commodious buildings, with a capacity of two hundred inmates, which were completed in May 1881, at a cost of $44,000. MEMORIAL BUILDING. A few old soldiers of the Civil war met at the residence of Col. Fred Geiger, June 9, 1878, to consider the organization of a soldiers' monumental association, and a preliminary organization was effected by selecting Col. Geiger as president, W. 0. Munson, secretary and Andros Guille, treasurer. The proposition to raise $5,000.00 by $1.00 subscriptions, was concurred in and at an adjourned meeting held in the office of the clerk of the courts, June 13, a permanent organization was effected by continuing the temporary officers with the addition of J. H. Drake, as vice president. A constitution and by-laws were adopted and C. W. Potwin, Peter Black and Robert Silvey were selected as trustees. A county reunion of soldiers was held at the Fair Grounds, September 19, 1878, under the auspices of the Association, which netted $1,000.00 to the fund and at the first annual election, June 13, 1879, the officers were reelected and an execu- 40 - PAST AND PRESENT OF MUSKINGUM COUNTY tive committee chosen, consisting of F. C. Dietz, R. B. Brown, W. H. Cockins, W. S. Harlan, and Howard Aston and Mesdames F. Cogswell, J. F. L. Blandy, James Buckingham and L. B. Taylor. It was then determined to increase the monumental fund of $10,000.00, and at the annual meeting held June 13, 1883, the secretary reported $5,000.00 on hand ; that the members had voted a preference to erecting the monument in front of the court house but the Commissioners had refused to remove the fountain to give place to the shaft, and that many of the largest subscribers favored a diversion of the fund from a monument to a memorial building, by increasing the fund for such a purpose ; it was thereupon decided to issue circulars to the subscribers in explanation of the proposed change and as a majority of the replies favored the project of a building the energies of the Association were devoted to that end. September 27, 1883, C. W. Potwin, W. A. Graham and Robert Silvey, as trustees of the voluntary association, made application to Hon. George L. Phillips, judge of the court of Common Pleas, to name trustees of the Muskingum County Soldiers' and Sailors' Monumental Association, and he appointed Gilbert D. Munson, F. C. Dietz, Joseph T. Gorsuch, Thomas W. Gattrell, Tames Buckingham, C. Stolzenbach and Frank J. Korte, and the former trustees transferred to them the sum of $5,152.07. Mr. Dietz resigned March 14. 1887, and T. F. Spangler was named in his stead. As the Commissioners were required, by law, to provide an armory for Company B, of infantry, and Battery C, of artillery, the trustees persuaded them to issue county bonds to erect a handsome and appropriate structure to accomplish both purposes, and July 5, 1887, the Commissioners agreed to the issue of fifty thousand dollars in bonds. The Applegate homestead at the northwest corner of Fifth street and Fountain alley was purchased for $15,000.00 and upon it the four story building, fronting 97 feet on Fifth street and extending 130 feet along Fountain alley, was erected ; the front is rough dressed stone, the remainder brick. The cellar and first floor of the rear fronting upon Court alley were fitted for infantry and artillery armories, and the fronts into four business rooms and a spacious entrance ; the second story contams a large assembly room for the Grand Army of the Republic, Womens' Relief Corps, Union Veteran Legion and Naval Association, with thirteen office rooms, one of which is occupied by the Pioneer's Association ; on the third floor is the spacious auditorium, seating four thousand people, with tablets upon the walls to the memory of Muskingum county's deceased soldiers and sailors. July 4, 1889, the building was dedicated ; at 11 a. m. a parade was formed with R. B. Brown, chief marshal; H. L. Anderson, adjutant ; S. L. Wiles, J. A. Morrow, Charles R. Dennis, Charles Fulkerson, Joseph Scholl, Charles H. Stolzenbach and Charles U. Shryock, aides. The bodies forming assembled in Third, Fourth, Fifth, Sixth, Seventh and Underwood streets, north of Market, and moved east in Market to Underwood, to Main and to the "Y" bridge, from which the procession was countermarched to Eighth, South, Sixth, Putnam avenue, Madison street, Wood- lawn and Muskingum avenues to the south end of the Sixth street bridge, where it was dismissed. The bodies composing the parade were: Mounted police ; Company B, 17th regiment, 0. N. G.; Chief Marshal and staff ; Grand Army of the Republic; Independent Order of Odd Fellows ; Grand United Order of Odd Fellows ; St. Thomas Cadets ; Knights of St. Thomas ; St. Thomas Benevolent and Literary Society ; St. Nicholas Society ; Society of the Holy Name ; St. Thomas Sodality ; St. Patrick Society ; . all other Catholic Societies; Uniformed Rank of Knights of Pythias; societies ; Uniformed Rank of Knights of Pythias; McIntire Lodge, No. 38, Knights of Pythias; Myrtle Lodge, colored Knights of Pythias ; Patriotic Order Sons of America ; City Turners; Citizens ; Trades Council ; Knights of Labor, Battery C ; County Commissioners ; Trustees of the Monumental Association ; County Officials City Officials ; Invited Guests ; Humorous Display ; Wheelmen ; Floats. The dedicatory exercises were held in the auditorium in the afternoon, E. C. Brush, M. D. chairman, when the following programme was observed : Hail Columbia ; Invocation, by Rev. T M. Stevenson, former chaplain 78th regiment, 0. V. V. I. ; presentation of the Memorial Hall, by the County Commissioners to the Trustees of the Association, by C. W. McCutcheon, Comm sioner ; Acceptance, by Col. G. D. Munson ; Star Spangled Banner ; Address, The Old Soldiers and the Grand Army of the Republic, by Gen. W. H. Ball ; Marching through Georgia ; Soldiers' Memorial Hall, a recitation by Alla M. Ramsey, an eight year old daughter of a comrade ; Music, We shall meet but we shall miss them ; Benediction by Rev. Frank Richards ; Yankee Doodle. "Y" BRIDGE. January 21, 1812, the General Assembly granted a charter to Moses Dillon and others construct a bridge connecting Zanesville wi Natchez and West Zanesville, with authority charge and collect toll for its use. In accorda with the franchise a flimsy structure was erecte the center pier, where the forks of the "Y" m was the only portion of substantial constructio and was built by Jacob Houck, in 1813, fro limestone taken from the bed of the river un the bridge. The outside walls were four f thick and the interior was filled with stone a soil; the remaining piers were wooden trest PAGE 41 - PICTURES OF OLD “Y” BRIDGE PAGE 42 - BLANK PAST AND PRESENT OF MUSKINGUM COUNTY - 43 set upon the river bed, cribbed with logs bolted or spiked together. The crib work around the trestles filled with loose stone and logs, and the whole covered with heavy oak plank spiked to the logs and the bridge was opened to traffic in 1814; the temporary character of the affair made constant repair necessary and in 1818 a new superstructure while temporarily resting upon the frail trestles collapsed and fell into the river a total wreck. A second bridge was at once begun and the designer endeavored to strengthen the arches by excessive camber, and when completed the bridge had a rolling prairie appearance ; a lack of money prevented covering and after about thirteen years use it was condemned as unsafe. The condition bridge became a subject of public discussion and 1831 the members of the firm of E. Buckingham & Company discussed the expediency of purchasing the control of so valuable a franchise, and after an examination of the list of stockholders it was determined to parcel them among the partners and by a speedy canvass secure the control. The next day they began their search and when they assembled at noon discovered that seventy-five per cent. of the stock had been obtained ; the capital was increased to $40,000.00 and the erection of a third bridge was determined upon, and completed in 1832. In August, 1832, a heavy rain occurred and the river took on a flood stage ; apprehension were general that the false work would be carried out and notwithstanding the danger persons crowded upon the east span, which was the only one incomplete. August 21 about three hundred feet suddenly fell into the swollen current, carrying several persons. among them the president of the company. Ebenezer Buckingham; the family offered a reward of $400.00 for the recovery of the body and a few days later it was found four miles below the city. March 2, 1866, the General Assembly passed a on resolution instructing the Board of Public Works to ascertain the price at which the "Y" bridge could be purchased and report was made that it could be obtained for $28,000.00, but that the Third street bridge must be included in the purchase at $16,000.00; the prices were considered too high and April 13 1868, the of Board of Public Works was authorized, by act of the General Assembly, to purchase from the Muskingum and Licking Bridge Company so much of the bridge across the Muskingum, at Zanesville, as was in the line of the National road and connected the said road on east and west banks for a sum not exceeding $20,000.00, in four annual payments with interest, and July 1, 1868, the purchase was made at $19,200.00; the first payment was made of $5,634.00; in 1869 and the last in 1872. During 1868 the Licking fork was sold to Muskingum county, and Two the old "Y" was condemned, after nearly seventy years' service, and September 22, 1900, the contract for the construction of the present concrete bridge was executed, to cost $188,000.00; in January, 1902, it was opened to traffic and February 4, 1902, was formally accepted by the Commissioners. THIRD STREET BRIDGE. The first bridge across the Muskingum river was between Zanesville and Putnam at Third street. In 1812 the General Assembly granted a franchise to Levi Whipple and others for the purpose and designated the location at about the site upon which the bridge was erected. Whipple associated with himself Ebenezer Buckingham, Benjamin Tupper and Dr. Increase Mathews, and the structure was completed in 1813. The piers were the same as npw support the existing bridge, but were eight feet lower, and the superstructure was uncovered. Some four years later the bridge fell and the superstructure was rebuilt on a plan designed by "Father Goshen," at a cost of about $15,000.00. During the night of May 27, 1845, this bridge burned and a new structure was immediately commenced; the piers were raised to their present elevation and the general design of the "Y" bridge was followed in the reconstruction. When the electric street car system was introduced the spans were strengthened and the roof raised to permit the passage of the cars. February 26, 1866, the city council passed a resolution to request the County Commissioners to purchase the lower bridge and make it free, negotiations having been opened by the state for the purchase of the upper or "Y" bridge. There does not appear to have been any action until December 5, 1866, when J. A. Adams, A. A. Guthrie, E. C. Beckwith, V. Best, John Galigher and others presented a petition to the Commissioners reciting the movement on the part of the state to make the "Y" free and asserting that it had been ascertained that the bridge company was disinclined to sell the "Y" unless it could at the same time dispose of the Third street bridge, which conclusion of the stockholders would prevent the purchase of either unless the Commissioners would decide to buy the lower bridge. The petitioners thought it unnecessary to argue the expediency of having the bridge free and respectfully urged favorable action. December 21, 1866, agreeable to a call issued by the Commissioners, a large number of citizens of Zanesville and vicinity met at the court house and a resolution was unanimously adopted requesting the Commissioners to cooperate with the state in purchasing the upper and lower bridges across the Muskingum river, with a view of making them free. After the adjournment of the cit- 44 - PAST AND PRESENT OF MUSKINGUM COUNTY. izens' meeting the commissioners agreed to buy the lower bridge and the West Zanesville leg of the "Y" upon the following conditions : That the cost of the lower bridge should be $16,000.00 and the upper $28,000.00, the proportionate values of the main track of the "Y" and the West Zanesville leg to be divided between the state and county upon a basis to be agreed upon ; tbat the state buy the main track of the upper bridge; that a committee of practical bridge builders report that the bridges are in reasonably good condition ; and that the necessary legislation be obtained. J. C. Brown, Henry Gilligan and John Shrake were at once appointed to make the examination, and January 14, 1867, the city council agreed to defray one-third of the expense, the Commissioners having agreed to sustain the remainder. The aggregate cost was $44,000.00, of which the state paid $19,200.00, and if the agreement were carried out as above stated, the cost of making the two bridges free was about $8,300.0o to the city and $16,500.00 to the county. FIFTH STREET BRIDGE. The growth of the residence section known as the "Terrace" and the absence of any direct communication therewith made it manifest that a bridge across the Muskingum at some point in the northern portion of the city was a positive necessity. May 4, 1875, a committee of citizens waited upon the Commissioners and requested that a bridge be constructed to supply this demand, and November 2 a committee of the Board of Trade appeared before the Commissioners and delivered a copy of the action of that organization approving the project. April 5, 1876, T. J. Maginnis, Henry Jones, Hugh Madden, M. M. Granger, A. Ball, M. D., and others appeared before the Commissioners and recommended that the county's stock in the Central Ohio Railroad be sold and the proceeds be applied to the construction of two bridges over the river at Zanesville. The county was in need of bridges at various points and its resources were limited, and no action was taken to grant the requests of the city petitioners. March 15, 1877, letters were read from Gen. Ball, Elias Ellis and L. Rambo urging the sale of the stock and the erection of the bridges and a number of citizens were present to support the appeal with their verbal statements, and the Commissioners ordered that 989 shares of stock be sold. The amount which would have been derived was found madequate for a bridge and January 7, 1878, a committee of citizens visited the Commissioners and stated that private subscriptions had been guaranteed to an amount to enable the county to erect a bridge at a cost not exceeding $10,000.00, and March 11, 1878, it was decided to build a bridge from the north end of Fifth street to the west bank of the river, and March 13 a bid from A. P. Stults to erect it complete for $9,999.00 was accepted. MONROE STREET BRIDGE. The erection of a bridge across the Muskingum river, at the north end of the city was under consideration by the Commissioners January 15, 1889, and on the 22d plans were ordered, which were completed and submitted to the Secretary of War, May 7, and on the succeeding day the location was fixed at the north end of Monroe street. September to the bids were opened and September 14, 1889, the contract for the superstructure was awarded to T. B. Townsend, and September 26 for the superstructure to the Columbia Bridge Company, Dayton, at $38,619.66. SIXTH STREET BRIDGE. The age of the Third street bridge, the congestion which occurred on it by reason of the heavy traffic, the appreciation of the great loss and inconveniences which would result if an obstruction of this important avenue of communica-, tion occurred, and the circuitous route which was traversed between the business portion of the city and the populous section of Putnam, made an additional bridge as essential as to the northwestern section, and November 7, 1882, the Commissioners ordered one erected ; March 20, 1883, application was made to the Board of Public Works for permission to erect it and having been granted the plans were approved April to, 1883, but de lays occurred and bids were not solicited until April 23, 1884, for the construction of a bridge at Sixth street to cross the river to the corner of Putnam and Muskingum avenues. July to, 1884, the construction of the substructure was awarde to T. B. Townsend, and of the superstructure to the Columbia Bridge Company, of Dayton. De cember 7, 1885, the cost of tbe completed bridg was compiled and found to be $72,689.96. VIADUCT. The original bridge at north Fifth street was an expedient, and the railroad tracks at each en made the crossing exceedingly dangerous, particlularly at noon and evening; the reconstruction of the bridge, in a more permanent manner, be came necessary and the United States government having acquired control of the river, provision was demanded for the passage of boats by means of a swing span, in case of a surface bridge or an elevated structure sufficiently high to permit vessels to pass beneath. The delays incident to railway and river obstruction indicated PAGE 45 - PICTURE OF NEW BRIDGE PAGE 46 - BLANK PAST AND PRESENT OF MUSKINGUM COUNTY - 47 set upon the river bed, cribbed with logs bolted or spiked together. The crib work around the trestles was filled with loose stone and logs, and the whole covered with heavy oak plank spiked to the logs and the bridge was opened to traffic in 1814; the temporary character of the affair made constant repair necessary and in 1818 a new super, structure, while temporarily resting upon the frail trestles, collapsed and fell into the river a total wreck. A second bridge was at once begun and the designer endeavored to strengthen the arches by excessive camber, and when completed the bridge had a rolling prairie appearance ; a lack of money prevented covering and after about thirteen years use it was condemned as unsafe. The condition of the bridge became a subject of public discussion and 1831 the members of the firm of E. Buckingham & Company discussed the expediency of purchasing the control of so valuable a franchise, and after an examination of the list of stockholders it was determined to parcel them among the partners and by a speedy canvass secure the control. The next day they began their search and when they assembled at noon discovered that seventy-five per cent. of the stock had been obtained ; the capital was increased to $40,000.00 and the erection of a third bridge was determined upon, and completed in 1832. In August, 1832, a heavy in rain occurred and the river took on a flood stage apprehension were general that the false work would be carried out and notwithstanding the danger persons crowded upon the east span, which was the only one incomplete. August 21 about three hundred feet suddenly fell into the swollen current, carrying several persons, among them the president of the company, Ebenezer Buckingham; the family offered a reward of $400.00 for the recovery of the body and a few days later it was found four miles below the city. March 2, 1866, the General Assembly passed a resolution instructing the Board of Public Works to ascertain the price at which the "Y" bridge could be purchased and report was made that it could be obtained for $28,000.00, but that the Third street bridge must be included in the purchase at $16,000.00 ; the prices were considered too high and April 13 1868, the Board of Public Works was authorized, by act of the General Assembly, to purchase from the Muskingum and Licking Bridge Company so much of the bridge across the Muskingum, at Zanesville, as was in the line of the National road and connected the said road on the east and west banks for a sum not exceeding $20,000.00, in four annual payments with interest, and July 1, 1868, the purchase was made at $19,200.00; the first payment was made of $5,634.00 in 1869 and the last in 1872. During 1868 the Licking fork was sold to Muskingum county, and 1900 the old "Y" was condemned, after nearly seventy years' service, and September 22, 1900, the contract for the construction of the present concrete bridge was executed, to cost $188,000.00; in January, 1902, it was opened to traffic and February 4, 1902, was formally accepted by the Commissioners. THIRD STREET BRIDGE. The first bridge across the Muskingum river was between Zanesville and Putnam at Third street. In 1812 the General Assembly granted a franchise to Levi Whipple and others for the purpose and designated the location at about the site upon which the bridge was erected. Whipple associated with himself Ebenezer Buckingham, Benjamin Tupper and Dr. Increase Mathews, and the structure was completed in 1813. The piers were the same as now support the existing bridge, but were eight feet lower, and the superstructure was uncovered. Some four years later the bridge fell and the superstructure was rebuilt on a plan designed by "Father Goshen," at a cost of about $15,000.00. During the night of May 27, 1845, this bridge burned and a new structure was immediately commenced ; the piers were raised to their present elevation and the general design of the "Y" bridge was followed in the reconstruction. When the electric street car system was introduced the spans were strengthened and the roof raised to permit the passage of the cars. February 26, 1866, the city council passed a resolution to request the County Commissioners to purchase the lower bridge and make it free, negotiations having been opened by the state for the purchase of the upper or "Y" bridge. There does not appear to have been any action until December 5, 1866, when J. A. Adams, A. A. Guthrie, E. C. Beckwith, V. Best, John Galigher and others presented a petition to the Commissioners reciting the movement on the part of the state to make the "Y" free and asserting that it had been ascertained that the bridge company was disinclined to sell the "Y" unless it could at the same time dispose of the Third street bridge, which conclusion of the stockholders would prevent the purchase of either unless the Commissioners would decide to buy the lower bridge. The petitioners thought it unnecessary to argue the expediency of having the bridge free and respectfully urged favorable action. December 21, 1866, agreeable to a call issued by the Commissioners, a large number of citizens of Zanesville and vicinity met at the court house and a resolution, was unanimously adopted requesting the Commissioners to cooperate with the state in purchasing the upper and lower bridges across the Muskingum river, with a view of making them free. After the adjournment of the cit- 44 - PAST AND PRESENT OF MUSKINGUM COUNTY izens' meeting the commissioners agreed to buy the lower bridge and the West Zanesville leg of the "Y" upon the following conditions : That the cost of the lower bridge should be $16,000.00 and the upper $28,000.00, the proportionate values of the main track of the "Y" and the West Zanesville leg to be divided between the state and county upon a basis to be agreed upon ; that the state buy the main track of the upper bridge ; that a committee of practical bridge builders report that the bridges are in reasonably good condition ; and that the necessary legislation be obtained. J. C. Brown, Henry Gilligan and John Shrake were at once appointed to make the examination, and January 14, 1867, the city council agreed to defray one-third of the expense, the Commissioners having agreed to sustain the remainder. The aggregate cost was $44,000.00, of which the state paid $19,200.00, and if the agreement were carried out as above stated, the cost of making the two bridges free was about $8,300.00 to the city and $16,500.00 to the county. FIFTH STREET BRIDGE. The growth of the residence section known as the "Terrace" and the absence of any direct communication therewith made it manifest that a bridge across the Muskingum at some point in the northern portion of the city was a positive necessity. May 4, 1875, a committee of citizens waited upon the Commissioners and requested that a bridge be constructed to supply this demand, and November 2 a committee of the Board of Trade appeared before the Commissioners and delivered a copy of the action of that organization approving the project. April 5, 1876, T. J. Maginnis, Henry Jones, Hugh Madden, M. M. Granger, A. Ball, M. D., and others appeared before the Commissioners and recommended that the county's stock in the Central Ohio Railroad be sold and the proceeds be applied to the construction of two bridges over the river at Zanesville. The county was in need of bridges at various points and its resources were limited, and no action was taken to grant the requests of the city petitioners. March 15, 1877, letters were read from Gen. Ball, Elias Ellis and L. Rambo urging the sale of the stock and the erection of the bridges and a number of citizens were present to support the appeal with their verbal statements, and the Commissioners ordered that 989 shares of stock be sold. The amount which would have been derived was found inadequate for a bridge and January 7, 1878, a committee of citizens visited the Commissioners and stated that private subscriptions had been guaranteed to an amount to enable the county to erect a bridge at a cost not exceeding $10,000.00, and March 11, 1878, it was decided to build a bridge from the north end of Fifth street to the west bank of the river, and March 13 a bid from A. P. Stults to erect it complete for $9,999.00 was accepted. MONROE STREET BRIDGE. The erection of a bridge across the Muskingum river, at the north end of the city was under consideration by the Commissioners January 15, 1889, and on the 22d plans were ordered, which were completed and submitted to the Secretary of War, May 7, and on the succeeding day the location was frxed at the north end of Monroe street, September To the bids were opened and September 14, 1889, the contract for the superstructure was awarded to T. B. Townsend, and September 26 for the superstructure to the Columbia Bridge Company, Dayton, at $38,619.66. SIXTH STREET BRIDGE. The age of the Third street bridge, the congestion which occurred on it by reason of the heavy traffic, the appreciation of the great loss and inconveniences which would result if an obstruction of this important avenue of communication occurred, and the circuitous route which was traversed between the business portion of the city and the populous section of Putnam. made an additional bridge as essential as to the northwestern section, and November 7, 1882. the Commissioners ordered one erected; March 20, 1883, application was made to the Board of Public Works for permission to erect it and having been granted the plans were approved April 10, 1883, but delays occurred and bids were not solicited until April 23, 1884, for the construction of a bridge at Sixth street to cross the river to the corner of Putnam and Muskingum avenues. July to, 1884 the construction of the substructure was awarde to T. B. Townsend, and of the superstructure t the Columbia Bridge Company, of Dayton. De cember 7, 1885, the cost of the completed bridg was compiled and found to be $72,689.96. VIADUCT. The original bridge at north Fifth street wag an expedient, and the railroad tracks at each end made the crossing exceedingly dangerous, particularly at noon and evening; the reconstructio of the bridge, in a more permanent manner, came necessary and the United States' gover ment having acquired control of the river, pr vision was demanded for the passage of boats b means of a swing span, in case of a surfa bridge or an elevated structure sufficiently hi to permit vessels to pass beneath. The delays i cident to railway and river obstruction indicat PAGE 45 - PICTURE OF NEW “Y” BRIDE PAGE 46 - BLANK PAST AND PRESENT OF MUSKINGUM COUNTY - 47 that a surface bridge would fall far short of proving tisfactory, and May 8, 189o, preliminary survey were ordered for a new structure, and August 4 report was made that a grade bridge would cost $104,500.00 and an overhead $108,212. 00. Plans were prepared for an elevated the bridge, the east approach to pursue the course of Court alley from Center street and by a curve to cross the river at right angle at a height to clear railroad traffic and steamers plying the river, and returning to grade at Linden avenue, midway between McIntire avenue and the approach to the original bridge. November 11, 1890, the bids were opened and on the 13th the Baltimore and Ohio, and Cincinnati Muskingum Valley Railroad companies each offered a free right of way over their tracks and a combined donation of $6,000.00 if the overhead plan were adopted ; the propositions were accepted and November 18th the contract for the substructure was awarded to T. B. Townsend, and for the superstructure to the Smith Bridge Company, of Toledo, at $89,000.00. The viaduct was opened for wagon traffic March 25, 1893, and sidewalks were soon after erected for pedestrians.