PAST AND PRESENT OF MUSKINGUM COUNTY - 179 (RETURN TO THE TITLE PAGE) CHAPTER XIX. THE DISTINGUISHED DEAD, ENUMERATING WILLIAM H. BEARD, PETER BLACK, HENRY BLANDY, DANIEL BLISS, M. D., ALVA BUCKINGHAM, EBENEZER BUCKINGHAM, LEWIS CASS, JESSE CHANDLER, M. D., DANIEL CONYERS, S. S. COX, REV. JAMES CULBERTSON, JAMES HAMPSON, SAMUEL HERRICK, C. C. HILDRETH, M. D., ROBERT HILLIER, M. D. J. G. F. HOLSTON, M. D., INCREASE MATHEWS, M. D., JOHN MC INTIRE, MRS. MC INTIRE, BLACK MESS, ROBERT MITCHELL, M. D., BLACK NANCE, JEFFREY PRICE, RUFUS PUTNAM, REV. FRANKLIN RICHARDS, A. C. ROSS, WYLLYS SILLMAN, ISAAC SPANGLER, M. D., 1SAAC VAN HORNE. The evil thatt men do lives after them ; The good is oft interred with their bones. The men and women who have participated in and accomplished the deeds which history records must ever prove interesting characters to those who delight to know the events of the past, as well as those of the present, and it is relevant to a history of this character that more than the mention of the names of the actors in the scenes of the drama, preceding the ones in which we appear, should be recorded somewhat in detail. All cannot be mentioned for All that tread the globe are but a handful to the tribes That slumber in its bosom, and except in a few instances, the recitals have been confined to the pioneers. A general history must record failures as well as successes; vices as well as virtues ; distress, suffering, and privations as well, as pleasures, gratifications and enjoyments : and evil as well as exemplary persons. Therefore, in presenting brief sketches of the careers of some of the persons who, in their generation, were prominent in Muskingum county affairs, a modification of the adjective employed in the prospectus has been deemed necessary. Notorious is applied to a person generally known and talked of, but the fame is usually for evil actions and is commonly applied to a person without principle ; notably is only less opprobrious. Conspicuous signifies an elevation which is observed, and nearly all of our selected dead deserve more than such uncertain distinction. A person is eminent when he stands high in rank or office as compared with those around him, and is famous when widely spoken of as extraordinary for eccentricities or industry ; renowned, literally, means frequently named with honor, and illustrious implies that the person is invested with a splendor confirming the highest dignity, and suggests luster of character and actions. Distinguished means a separation from or elevation above others, in public view, for talents or achievements, and while the succeeding list ranges from the notorious to the illustrious, it is thought that while not all are illustrious, at least all are distinguished. WILLIAM H. BEARD was identified with Zanesville in its infancy ; he was born in England, June 28, 1784, and came to America with his father's family, in 1800, landing at Philadelphia. The father could not obtain employment at his trade of calico printer, and came to Marietta, in 1801. In December, 1805, the family moved to a tract of land twelve miles from Zanesville, and W. H. assisted the father in clearing it for cultivation.. During the evenings he studied spelling,' arithmetic, geometry, and surveying, and practiced penmanship, in which his father assisted him, and he secured a position in the engineering corps surveying in the Scioto valley. In 1810-I1 he came to Zanesville and acted as clerk and barkeeper for Robert Taylor, who kept hotel on the Clarendon site. The state capital was at Zanesville at the time, and Governor Meigs wanted an active and trustworthy young man as secretary ; Taylor recommended Beard and he was given the position and when Meigs was appointed postmaster general, in 1814, he appointed Beard to a clerkship in the department. Information was received at Washington, February 14, 1815, that peace had been concluded with Great Britain, and Beard was selected to carry instructions to Gen. Harrison, commander-in-chief of the Western army, at Chillicothe, to cease hostilities ; the courier started from Georgetown and traveled by way of Romney, Virginia, and Marietta, and arrived opposite Marietta after dark, with the river full of running ice he could not cross until morning, but delivered his dispatches during the day. The distance traveled was 45o miles, and would have been covered in two days and three nights had he not lost a night at the Ohio river ; five horses were used and postmasters were directed to supply him with the fleetest animals at command. In 1817 he purchased a large tract near his father, and in 1821 resigned his clerkship and took a contract to carry mails between Zanesville and Lancaster, and.established a stage line, which was later extended to Maysville, Kentucky. In 1833 he retired from the mail service, and in 184o moved to Zanesville and became actively identified with the business of the town erected several substantial buildings, exercised a deep interest in its welfare, and was among the most enterprising citizens of his generation. He was 180 - PAST AND PRESENT OF MUSKINGUM COUNTY essentially a self-made man, plain and unassuming, and his knowledge of men and affairs was so extensive his advice was sought and freely given ; he died December 8, 1870, respected and mourned by all. HENRY BLANDY was born in the city of Bristol, England, October 28, 1810, received a classical education in his native city, and came to the United States in 1832, and settled at Zanesville in the spring of 1833. He began operating the iron works at Dillon's Falls, but a yearls experience demonstrated the unremunerative character of the business and he engaged in merchandising in Zanesville. A couple of years later he engaged in the foundry business on the site of the Union foundry, in Fountain alley, and later joined his brother Frederic. and erected a foundry on the site so long occupied in Underwood street and Elm. For a few years H. & F. Blandy confined their operations to foundry work, but in 1850 they began the manufacture of steam engines and machinery, which required an addition to the plant, and some of the first locomotives used on the Central Ohio railroad were built at the Blandy works. This class of machinery was not remunerative and they devoted their entire attention to portable steam engines and saw-mills, in which industry they were the pioneers, and made the first successful portable lumber-cutting apparatus in the world ; they were very successful in this class of work and established a world-wide reputation, and after the Civil war opened an auxiliary plant at Newark. He was gentle and affable, but inflexible, peculiarly sympathetic, and was often imposed upon ; and was one of the city's most prominent and influential citizens and held many offices of trust and honor. He had been in declining health for some time and gave up business engagements only a short time before August, 1879, when he started for the Adirondack region ; he remained at a friend's house in New York to rest, but became worse and died in that city in that month, and his remains were brought to Zanesville and interred in Greenwood. The funeral was one of the most general that ever occurred in the city ; business houses were closed, and the court house bell tolled the melancholy intelligence that his remains were being followed to their last resting place by thousands of his former townsmen. One hundred and twenty-six carriages, in addition to the hundreds on foot in the funeral procession and on the thronged sidewalks, evinced the respect of the public for the deceased manufacturer. DANIEL BLISS Dwas born in Warren, Massachusetts, April 10, 1761, and was brother in law to Dr. Jesse Chandler, who located at Putnam. Dr. Bliss came to Beverly in 1804 but the climate was uncongenial and he removed to what is now Chandlersville, and proposed relinquishing his profession and engaging in agriculture but as there was no physician his neighbors demanded and he rendered service. He was the sole physician for more than a score of years and extended his practice to the neighboring counties of Guernsey, Morgan and Noble ; his skill was remarkable and his manner was so genial and so conducive to favorable results, that his presence was esteemed as efficacious as the drugs contained in his omnipresent saddle bags ; he was a man of strong convictions and was fearless in proclaiming them ; carried his confidence and cheer to the sick room and diverted his patient's thoughts to other subjects than their physical condition; in his dealings with his fellows he was upright and received the respect to which he was so entitled; his death occurred March 17, 1842. ALVA BUCKINGHAM was born at Ballston Springs, New York, March 20, 1791, and was brother to Ebenezer Buckingham, founder of the Buckingham business interests at Putnam ; he accompanied his parents to Ohio when they settled about two miles from Coshocton, in 1799, and in 1802 moved with them to Athens county. In 1810 he became assistant to his brother 'Ebenezer, at Putnam, and upon the death of his brother Stephen, in 1813, he managed the business a couple of year; he became a member of the firm of E. Buckingham & Co., April 6, 1816,ber and in 1821 built the brick home on Moxahala avenue now occupied by his son, James. When his brother Ebenezer was killed, in 1832, the firm was dissolved and reorganized as A. Buckingham & Co., with Solomon Sturges as partner, and it dissolved in 1845 and was reformed as Buckingham and Sturges, by the eldest sons of the two former partners. Alva Buckingham was one of the founders of the Putnam Classical Institute, in 1835, and in 1850 constructed the first grain elevator at Chicago, capacity of 75,000 bushels, which, was known as the Fulton elevator. In 1865 he took up his residence at New York, where his wife died on September 11, 1867, and her remains were brought to Zanesville and interred at Woodlawn; eleven days after the death of his wife Mr. Buckingham also died and was laid by her side. PAST AND PRESENT OF MUSKINGUM COUNTY - 181 He was a courteous, methodical business man of the highest integrity and his private life was pure and simple as his public life was successful, and prominent. EBENEZER BUCKINGHAM was a son of Ebenezer and Esther Buckingham, and was born at Greenfield, Conn., February 9, 1778, and was drowned by the falling of the Y bridge at Zanesville, August 21, 1832. In 1796, when only eighteen years old, he arrived at Marietta and the first house at which he applied for work and food the residence of Gen. Rufus Putnam, where he was set to chopping wood ; his industry and intelligence pleased the General and he was engaged at other work and remained with him in his surveys of the Northwest Territory : his aptitude for mathematics made him a skilled surveyor and he was assigned to various difficult surveys, being instructed and encouraged by the General. In 1805, he abandoned the field and opened a trading station at Putnam, in which he was successful and April 6, 1816, formed the firm of E. Buckingham and Company, with his brother Alva, and brother-in-law, Solomon Sturges : he was twice sent to the Ohio Senate and was a Commissioner of the Ohio Canal fund, and negotiated its loans upon more favorable terms than had been secured by the state of New York. He was a man in whom the fullest confidence was reposed and in no instance was it misplaced. LEWIS CASS was the son of Jonathan Cass, who came to Ohio in 1799 and settled at Dresden ; the father had been an officer in the regular army, and when the family moved to Ohio, Lewis, who was born at Exeter, New Hampshire, October 9, 1782, read law and was admitted to the bar at Marietta; he was second lawyer to settle at Zanesville, and was first prosecuting attorney of the county, an office he held until he went into the army in 1812. In 1806 he was representative in the General Assembly, and drafted the address to the president expressing the views of the Ohio Legislature on Burr's expedition, and was author which Burr's boats and supplies were seized. He was colonel of Ohio volunteers, in the was of 1812, and the first American soldier to step upon British soil after the declaration of war; broke his sword at Hull's surrender rather than deliver it to his captors ; after exchange he became a colonel in the regular army and rose to the rank of Brigadier General by the close of the war in command of the territory of Michigan. At the peace he was appointed governor if Michigan and remained in this office and that of superintendent of Indian affairs for eighteen years, during which period he negotiated twenty- two treaties with the Indians, secured cessions of large areas of western lands, constructed roads, created counties and built forts. He invested in extensive tracts of land at Detroit and became immensely wealthy from the increase in value by the growth of that city. He became Secretary of War in Jackson's cabinet, and went to France as United States' minister ; in 1845 he was elected Senator from Michigan and resigned in 1848 to accept the democratic nomination as president, an honor he would doubtless have achieved but for the personal hostility of Martin Van Buren. He was re-elected to serve his unexpired term in the Federal Senate, and re-elected in 1851. Buchanan called him to the cabinet as Secretary of State, and when that dotard of a president refused to reinforce Fort Sumter, at . the commencement of hostilities, Cass 'resigned in indignation and was a warm Union man during the war, and lived to see the national arms victorious. He died at Detroit, June 17, 1866, and went to his grave full of years and rich in well earned honors. He was able, pure and scholarly, and as an orator and writer was logical and persuasive. DR. JESSE CHANDLER was second physician to locate at Putnam, where he arrived in 1804 ; born in berv ermont, in 1764, he had practiced his profession several years before coming West, and at once came into extensive practice, as Dr. Mathews was so occupied with private business he gladly welcomed relief. The physician in the pioneer days visited over the entire county, and sometimes into djoining ones ; there were no pharmacies and remedies were carried in the saddle bags ; neither were there roads and the horse was relied upon to pick his footing over the narrow trains and bridle paths that led from house to house. Village visits were from twenty-five to fifty cents, according to the character of the remedy, and perhaps the standing of the patient ; country visits were $1.00, including the medicine, and as the trips were often as far as twenty-five miles the income was by no means commensurate with the time and talent required. The pay was usually in corn, oats, hay, potatoes, etc., with occasionally money. During the severe scourge of small-pox, at Putnam in 1809, a dozen or more young men, without friends or home, were attacked, and Dr. Chandler converted his home into a hospital, received the homeless and nursed them to health, without compensation. During the winter of 1813-14 an unknown disease took epidemic form at Putnam ; the at- 182 - PAST AND PRESENT OF MUSKINGUM COUNTY. tack began with congestive chill followed by unconsciousness, and death ensued in a couple of clays. For want of a better name it was called the cold plague, and only a few of those attacked recovered. Dr. Chandler threw all his energy into the fight with the unfamiliar malady and himself fell a victim to its virulence, at the age of fifty. He was a typical physician, fearless and self- sacrificing, and met death as he had disease, without a tremor. DANIEL CONVERS. Perhaps no pioneer of Zanesville was more familiar with the Indian life and character than Daniel Converse, whose father settled, in 1789, near Fort Freye, which stood near the present Fair Grounds, at Beverly. April 29, 1790, Daniel, then a boy of sixteen, barefooted and unarmed and prompted by curiosity, accompanied three armed men into the adjoining woods to cut a tree to obtain a hoop for a drum ; having selected a suitable tree one man began felling it and sent the other men to watch for Indians ; one man did go but the other remained near by talking to the chopper while Conyers held the worker's gun and ammunition. While thus occupied they were attacked by several Indians, and the party fled to the fort, Conyers seeking a thicket but ran into an ambush of the savages and was taken prisoner, the men reaching the fort. Fearing pursuit by a rescue party, the Indians scattered through the woods to deceive pursuers, and met later at an agreed-on point, and although the succeeding night was dark and rainy, the forced march was continued until a late hour. Conyers was unused to such fatigue and slept on the march when a halt was made no fire was built and the prisoner was bound to a tree and the ends of the rope placed under the bodies of his sleeping guards. Passing through the Indian village at Upper Sandusky, the party reached Lower Sandusky, May 9th, with the captive in an exhausted condition he suffered many cruelties and indignities from drunken and brutal members of the party, but was generally kindly treated and defended by the majority. According to Indian custom his captor could sell or kill him, and the former course was determined on, and he was disposed of to a Chippewa in exchange for a horse and some wampum : his purchaser had one son and two daughters, and Conyers was adopted into the family ; they were kind-hearted people and Conyers expressed his regard for the squaw by saving She was as good a woman as ever lived." Haying migrated to Detroit. Conyers learned that an Indian trader named Riley, from Saginaw Bay, was at the settlement and conceived a strong desire to see him and inform him of his captivity ; July 14th the Indians were holding a grand dance and Conyers started from the encampment through a field of rye, which partially concealed him, and reached the house of a Frenchman, to whom he made known his condition and anxiety to meet Riley. The Frenchman secreted him and sent his son to Riley, who came after dark and while talking with Convers in the loft, a party of Indians entered the room below in search of the fugitive. His French friend denied all knowledge of him and when the Indians had gone Riley promised to send a horse at daylight to convey him to the fort ; this was done and Conyers was concealed during the day in a barn. Riley informed the British command at the fort of Conyers' escape, and the latter ordered his admission to the hospital, that he might recover his shattered health and be more secure as the Indians maintained the search for him several weeks. About the middle of August one of the few vessels plying the lakes, sailed for Niagara, and the commandant paid Convers’ passage and gave him a letter to the commandant at Fort Erie with instructions to send the boy from post to post, until he reached the United States. This was done cheerfully and kindly by all the British officers, who did everything to enable him to reach his home country arrived among relatives, at Killingly, Connecticut, in the fall, and remained for three years attending school, arriving at Marietta in February, 1794. He was deputy sheriff of Washington county, and carried the first mail between Zanesville and Marietta, and in 1803 became a resident of Zanesville and partner, with his brother-in-law, Joseph F. Monroe, in mercantile business at Main and Second streets. Monroe & Conyers were among the townls most enterprising citizens and erected the first brick building in the town, at Main and Fifth streets ; it was a one-story structure and their store was moved into it, an advertisement of permanency and prosperity whicn recognized in that early day. In person Mr. Conyers was thin and erect, and in temperament affable and enterprising. S. S. COX. Samuel Sullivan Cox was born at Zanesville, September 30, 1824, and attended school at the academy; later he was entered at the Ohio University, at Athens, and graduated from Brown University in 1846 : he studied law and was admitted to the bar, at Zanesville, in 1849, and in 1853 moved to Columbus to become editor of the Ohio Statesman: in 1855 he went to Peru as secretary of the legation but returned in the following year to become Representative in con- PAST AND PRESENT OF MUSKINGUM COUNTY - 183 gress from the Columbus district, and served four terms. In 1866 he moved to New York and engaged in the practice of law but in 1868 was sent to Congress from an east side district and was returned for twenty years, his only unsatisfied ambition being failure to achieve the speakership to which he several times nearly attained; the one cloud upon his memory in his “copperhead” sentiments and his opposition to the administration during the Civil war ; in 1885 President Cleveland appointed him Minister to Turkey, and he died at New York, September 10, 1889. His rare and superabundant wit and humor were described as "a medicine for the alleviation of human woes;” as a lecturer he was brilliant, as an orator he possessed great force and originality, and as an author was widely known, and his brilliant description of a daily phenomenon gave him extended notice and secured for him the sobriquet of “Sunset" to which his initials so readily conformed. He traveled extensively in America, Europe and Africa, and was a Regent of the Smithsonian Institution. The life saving service was established largely through his efforts and he was the especial champion of the letter carriers whose compensation he had fixed and at equitable rates with an annual vacation of fifteen days without deduction of pay ; a day's work was limited to eight hours and extra compensation was allowed for additional service. A bronze statue, of heroic size, costing $10,000.00, was erected at Astor Place, New York, upon which was inscribed: “Samuel Sullivan Cox, the Letter Carriers’ Friend. Erected in Grateful and Loving Memory of His Service in Congress, by the Letter Carriers of New York. His Home, and of the United States. His county. July 4, 1891." In 1905 the stattue was removed from its downtown location to a more desirable and appropriate site further up town. REV. JAMES CULBERTSON was born and passed his boyhood in Franklin county, Pennsylvania, was educated at Jefferson College, Pennsylvania, and pursued his theological studies at Mercersburg and Pittsburg, and was licensed to preach in 1811, by the presbytery of Carlisle. He came West, in 1812, as a missionary, and reached Zanesville, where he was installed pastor of the united congregation of the Presbyterian church of Zanesville and Springfield, December 24, 1812. His pastoral duties were performed until the summer of 1844, when his health failed and he asked that an assistant he called, which was done in August, and he preached but one sermon afterwards, in Novemberof that year, but was regular in attendance at divine service. He was a man in whom the Christian character had deep root ; his every day life was a sermon to those who came in contact with him, and although strongly attached to his own denomination, and a man of great influence in its councils, he was unsectarian and strictly catholic. His strongest personal friendship was for Rev. W. A. Smallwood, D. D., for many years rector of St. James Episcopal church, and they were constantly together and were referred to as the local David and Jonathan; when Rev. Culbertson was dying Rev. Smallwood dismissed his congregation in the midst of his sermon that he might hasten to the bedside of his much loved friend. During Mr. Culbertson's pastorate he preached 3798 sermons, his register being accurately kept with dates, places, time and text. A week before his death he was invited with others to meet at the house of a friend. and was lighting the candle in his lantern preparatory to starting home : he was standing at the time at the head of a flight of stairs and was suddenly paralyzed and fell backward clown the steps ; he was taken up unconscious and died February 23, 1847, eight days after, aged sixty-one years and four months. The funeral was attended by the presbytery, all the clergy of Zanesville and Putnam, and a large number of citizens, all of whom bore testimony to his worth as a man, citizen and clergyman. CAPTAIN JAMES HAMPSON was born in Berkeley county, Virginia, in 1776, and was captain of an artillery company, at Lancaster, September 16, 1807, and of a militia company, at Zanesville, February 1, 1811, and during the war of 1812 was a commissary. He was one of the most prominent and popular men of his period and noted for his success in securing public office ; was one of the first village councilmen, April 3, 1814, an office he held several years ; internal revenue collector, February 1, 1814, by appointment of President Madison, and retained the position until the repeal of the act in 1818 ; member of the Ohio Legislature three terms and sheriff two terms ; and superintendent of the construction of the National Road, west of Zanesville, from 1829-32. One day a young attorney asked him the secret of his success in keeping in office continuously, stating that he might desire to become an office holder himself in the future ; the Captain playfully punched him in the side and said : "Young man, never sign your name to a paper and be sure to cover up your tracks. That's the secret." Capt. Hampson was an extensive contractor at Lancaster and Zanesville and died in the latter place, March 26, 1843. 184 - PAST AND PRESENT OF MUSKINGUM COUNTY. SAMUEL HERRICK was born in Dutchess county, New York, April 14, 1779, read law under Judge Thomas Duncan, at Carlisle, Pennsylvania, came to the budding West and made his first appearance at court, in his chosen profession, at St. Clairsville, Ohio, in June, 1805, and in the following August was in attendance at court at Zanesville, then held in an unfinished log cabin near the southwest corner of Main and Sixth streets. He was pleasant, genial, kind-hearted, and studious in habit, and although poor in worldly goods was imbued with energy, ambition, astuteness and much natural ability ; thoroughly honorable and upright in the discharge of his own obligations he demanded that others should be equally punctilious in their relations with him. At the time of his advent at Zanesville there were about a score of cabins and something in excess of one hundred inhabitants, among whom were two lawyers, Wyllys Silliman and Lewis Cass, and as the county was scarcely a year old his professional services were not in great demand. A school teacher was needed and he engaged in that capacity, and as there was no building for the purpose the citizens united in erecting for him the first school house in the settlement, which stood upon the site of the later Market street academy, at the northeast corner of Market street and Potter alley, on land donated by the proprietors of the town site. The building was of rough logs, one of which was cut out for light and the opening covered with greased paper to exclude wind and admit light ; the ground served as floor and split logs with wooden pegs, as legs, served as benches for the pupils, while boards fastened along the side walls provided the writing desks ; in the center of the room a stump was left as a dunce block, or stool of repentance for the mischievous, and those boys who were accustomed to make their exit to liberty from the master's rule, by crawling under the bottom log of the building, occupied the central stump when discovered. Mr. Herrick is described as a rigid disciplinarian, and conformed strictly to the doctrine that sparing the rod spoiled the child, and kept that article of discipline near his desk and employed it whenever the occasion demanded. He taught school between the sessions of court until his practice grew to such proportions that he could relinquish the pedagogue's desk. In later years he related that the first cabin he occupied as a residence at Zanesville was in such uninhabitable condition that when it rained it was necessary to place his clothing and household goods on his bed and shield them with an umbrella. In 1808 or 'o9 he erected a frame dwelling at the southwest corner of Third street and Fountain alley, where he resided many years until his removal to a brick residence upon a farm “Hill Top," in Wayne township, about three miles from the city, where he lived a number of years, coming to the city every morning ; he raised large flocks of sheep and manufactured the wool into cloth. He was one of the leading members of the Muskingum bar, the peer of his associates, an eloquent advocate, and understood how to influence a jury ; he was an active politician of the democratic school, and a worshiper of Jackson. In 1810, although a resident of Muskingum, he was appointed prosecuting attorney of Guernsey county, and in the same year was named United States District Attorney, and when Cass went to the war, in 1812, succeeded him as prosecutor of Muskingum county, holding all three positions at one time ; in 1814 he was made prosecuting attorney of Licking county, although a resident of Muskingum, and in May of that year was commissioned Brigadier General of the Fourth Brigade of the Third Division of Ohio militia. He was representative to Congress from 1817 to 1821, and in 1829 was again appointed District Attorney of the United States in Ohio. June 30, 1830, he resigned all offices and the practice of law, and when he became feeble from age, sold his farm and removed to Zanesville, and lived at Orchard and Underwood streets until his death, March 1, 1852. CHARLES COOK HILDRETH was the son of the Ohio historian, S. P. Hildreth, M. D., of Marietta, where he was born April 28. 1811 ; he was educated at Marietta College and Ohio University, at Athens, and received the degrees of A. B. and A. M.; in March 1833, he graduated as physician and settled at Zanesville, where the high order of his professional skill was demonstrated, and in surgery his reputation was especially distinguished and widely recognized ; he contributed frequent and valuable papers to medical journals, and was an active member of several medical societies. While taking an active interest in the industries of the city he never permitted their attractions, to interfere with his professional labor, which was closed only with his death, August 11, 1880. DR. ROBERT HILLIER had been a surgeon in the British arm for several years, and his wife had been eared and educated by wealthy parents, who objected to her marriage at so tender an age ; the couple eloped and were married, and started for America, the doctor purposing locating at New York, and practicing his profession. During the passage they formed the acquaintance of emigrants for the west, and the doctor abandoned his original plans PAST AND PRESENT OF MUSKINGUM COUNTY - 185 and purchased two horses and a wagon, and joined his newly formed acquaintances in the journey to the west. After passing the winter at St. Clairsville he reached Zanesville in the spring of 1805, and at once began practice as a surgeon. For a long time he was the only surgeon and his practice was extensive. Fighting was common, and of a rough character ; rules were unknown, and the best man was often a brute ; biting, gouging and kicking were as legitimate methods as striking, and mayhem was frequent. Upon one occasion Dr. Hillier was called to replace a nose which had been bitten off and hung by some shreds of flesh ; having dressed the the organ in proper position, he fastened it with silver pins, brought from England; the wound healed rapidly, and when he thought the pins could be removed, the man suddenly disappeared with the pins, and without paying for the service. The doctor was furious, as the appliances could not be replaced except at considerable expense and inconvenience. About 1809 he removed to a farm about fifteen miles from Mt. Vernon, where he died in 1813. He was very eccentric and had an aversion for the Indians, and his dying request was to be buried in the public highway that the Indians might not secure his scalp. G. F. HOLSTON. The name of Holston is likely to appear continuously among the physicians of Zanesville for a full century; the first of the name was the son of a physician, and his son and grandson are practicing the samee profession. John G. F. Holston was born at Hamburg, Germany, in 1809, and his desire to pursue his father’s profession was so strongly opposed by his parents that he left home at an early age, and secured employment in a chemical works, in England. From there he sailed to Louisiana and after a year’s residence, took passage for the East Indies, and visited China and other Asiatic countries; returning to the United States he landed at Philadelphia during an epidemic of cholera, and volunteered as a hospital nurse. By severe labor and rigid economy, and after a checkered experience, he graduated from a medical college, at Cleveland, and with the coveted diploma, soon took a prominent position in his profession, especially in surgery; he located at Zanesville about 1841, and in 1857 accepted a professorship in the National Medical College, at Washington, which he relinquished at the commencement of the Civl was, to enter the army as surgeon, and soon after was promoted to Medical Director on the staff of Gen. U. S. Grant; during his military experience he was accustomed, after toiling to relieve the sufferings of men in the hospitals, to ride over the battlefield, at midnight, in search of men who might have been overlooked by others. After the close of the war he resumed the practice of his profession at Zanesville, but upon the inauguration of Gen. Grant, as President, he returned to Washington as physician to the President, and was appointed to the chair of surgery in the Georgetown Medical College. Dr. Holston's home was often a hospital to the poor, homeless, and unfortunate, and his whole life was molded, from sentiments of humanity and not religion, to merit the approval of Him who said, "Inasmuch as ye have done it unto one of the least of these, my brethren, ye have done it unto me." After a long and painful illness, he died May 1, 1874, and his remains were returned to and interred at Zanesville, with Masonic rites, and attended by hundreds who had been recipients of his kindness. DR. INCREASE MATHEWS was born at New Braintree, Massachusetts, December 22, 1772, a nephew of Gen. Rufus Putnam and brother to one of the original Marietta pilgrims of 1788. In 1798 he came to Marietta to prospect and visit friends, and October 4, 1800, returned with his wife and infant child, to become a citizen of the new country. In the spring of 1801 he came to Zanesville, and with his brother John opened the first store in the settlement, at the northwest corner of Main and Third streets, were dry-goods, groceries, hardware, stationery, liquors, clothing, notions, drugs and everything needed by the pioneers were displayed. Their first day-book is extant, and is dated March 31, 1801 ; upon becoming one of the proprietors of Putnam, Dr. Mathews removed to that settlement, and built his cabin at the southwest corner of Putnam and Muskingum avenues, and his store room on Muskingum avenue, a structure still standing, and so long known as Dr. Nye's place. The business was opened at Putnam January 1, 1803, and was conducted in connection with his professional work ; he was a regular physician and the first to locate at Zanesville and Putnam ; the pioneers were hardy, and physicians were not much in demand, and as there was not much reward for such service the doctor was pleased when another relieved him of the labor. June 14, 1802, his wife died, the first person to be buried in the settlement, but March 23, 1803, he married again, and when smallpox became epidemic at Putnam, in 18o9, he secured some vaccine virus, and vaccinated himself and family ; the people had no confidence in the operation and would not submit to it, and to assure them of its efficacy he took his two young daughters to the bedside of a patient who was very ill with a virulent type ; as the children were not affected, the immunity which his family enjoyed while the neighbors were generally inoculated, caused many to believe in the theory. 186 - PAST AND PRESENT OF MUSKINGUM COUNTY. His large landed interests and a preference for agricultural pursuits caused him to relinquish his profession, as other physicians located, and he devoted his attention to his estate ; he introduced full blooded Merino sheep to Ohio, and in all his business affairs exhibited more than the usual amount of energy and perseverance so prominent in the pioneer character ; he was a polished gentleman of the old school, an entertaining conversationalist, skillful performer on the violoncello and possessed many other accomplishments, but withal was a man of simple habits, and lived a pure life. JOHN MCINTIRE was born at Alexandria, Virginia, October 15, 1759, and was taught the trade of shoemaker, in which capacity he wandered to the frontier settlement at Wheeling. In those days such craftsmen were itinerants and went from house to house doing such work as was required and boarding with the family. In shoemaking, the necessities of the father and mother were first supplied, in respect to both repairs and new foot gear, and the childrens' wants were attended to in the order of seniority. During one of these nomadic excursions McIntire came to the home of Ebenezer Zane, who had a family of twelve children, and his stay was accordingly prolonged ; among the children was a daughter, Sarah M., between whom and McIntire an acquaintance ripened into affection, and the cobbler asked for the (laughterls hand, and was peremptorily refused ; the family was furious and opposed the union with all their influence, but the daughter so persistently plead her own and lover's cause that the father gave a reluctant acquiescence, and the couple were married in December, 1789. Displeased at the wedding, Zane did not encourage his son-in-law, who made a home some distance away and once the father saw the daughter cutting fire wood and remarked it was good for her, and that if she had remained at home she would not have been obliged to perform such menial service. Time reconciled the father and daughter, and when the engagement was undertaken to cut out the road from Wheeling to Maysville, Kentucky, McIntire became one of the party, and later one of the proprietors of Zanesville, as his compensation for the work. In 1799 McIntire began the erection of a double log cabin, with puncheon floor and brick chimney, in a beautiful maple grove, opposite the ford at the head of the falls, at the foot of Market street. The cabin stood at what is now the southwest corner of Market and Second streets, facing the river, was one and one-half stories in height, with a one story kitchen at the southeast corner, the whole covered with a cabin roof. The logs were all hewn square, and a passage twelve feet wide was under cover, in which were hung saddles, harness, etc. The rooms were large and comfortable, and as the only accommodations afforded travelers were in grog shops, where coarse meals and a bed on the floor, on a blanket or bear skin with feet to the fire, were provided, McIntire intended his cabin to serve as a hotel, and it was the first house of public entertainment in the embryo city. Only three cabins preceded; it in the settlement: McCulloch's, at the foot of Main street ; one on Silliman street, at the head of Main street, on the Zane trail near the present St. Nicholas church ; and the third on Main street where the Richards' block is erected, east of Cypress alley. McIntirels family tame from Wheeling in a flat boat about May 1, 1800, accompanied by two runaway slaves, Mess Johnson and Sam; many famous and prominent men were entertained in the hostelry, among them being Louis Phillippe king of France, about 1802 ; public entertainment was extended until Harvey erected the fifth tavern in Zanesville, at the southwest corner of Main and third streets.' The cabin was in existence until 1857, when its dilapidated condition persuaded the Zanesville Canal and Manufacturing Company, as administrators of the will of McIntire to remove it, and July 31, Gen. Charles B. Goddard, president, and Adam Peters, vice president, request William Culbertson, a chronicler of the city, to remove, the cabin and preserve some of the timbers that they might be worked into a building they were contemplating erecting to carry out the provisions of the McIntire will. Mr. Culbertson faithfully performed his trust, retained the timber and January 6, 1880, the Directors of the Z. C. & M. Company resolved : 'That the committee on the building of the McIntire Children's Home be, and they are hereby instructed to introduce into the finish of the walls some suitable room of the new building, one or more of the timbers of John McIntire’s log cabin preserved by William Culbertson,” Thanks were also extended to Mr. Culbertson for the fidelity with which he had preserved the relics, and he was authorized to use such of them as were not required to carry out the above mentioned action. Mr. McIntire erected a large two-story stone dwelling, with a one-story stone addition, on the northwest corner of Second street and Fountain alley, fronting the river ; it was a commodious handsome structure with large fire places, and elaborately hand carved mantels, broad stairway large windows and deep window seats. No information exists about the time of its erection, and for many years preceding its removal it was occupied as general offices by the Central Ohio, PAGE 187 - JOHN MCINTIRE’S RESIDENCE PAGE 188 - BLANK PAST AND PRESENT OF MUSKINGUM COUNTY - 189 Baltimore and Cincinnati and Muskingum Valley railroad companies. The building 1887, and razed to make room for warehouses for the glass works. It is related that shortly after the county of Muskingum was formed, and before the jail of 1807 was erected two men were arrested on the charge of counterfeiting, and as there was no place of confinement nearer than Marietta, and it was impracticable to place the prisoners temporarily seventy miles away, it was decided by McIntire and Daniel Convers to place the men under guard until the court convened, as if they were released others would be encouraged to imitate them. McIntire and Conyers pledged themselves as hostages for the accused, and they were conducted to a cabin and fettered, and with an ax in hand McIntire stood at the door and addressed them; “Now, boys, there is your bed," pointing to the blankets provided for the purpose. "With your guilt of innocence we have nothing to do ; you shall have plenty to eat and drink ; but if you attempt to escape, damn You, I'll kill you !" Day and night he and his neighbors sat by the door until court convened, when they were tried and convicted; one confessed and revealed the location of the outfit on the Licking, and it was found and produced in court; one was sentenced to receive twenty-five and the other thirty- nine lashes, which were inflicted, and both were committed until the costs were paid. Continuance of guard duty was not desirable, and the men's paroles were taken but during the first night they disappeared and the “incident was closed.” Mr. McIntire was a little below medium height, inclined to corpulency, full faced without beard, blue eyes, light brown hair and rather high forehead; weighed about 150 to 160 pounds, and was crippled from an accident which occurred while blazing the road from Zanesville to Maysville; while loading a gun in the stock slipped on a root and the charge passed through his right hand. its and possessed a jolly, pleasant disposition, but would fight quickly if offended; his word was immaculate, and his faith and zeal in the city was limitless. During the long evenings of the fall and winter he gave dancing parties at his home, where his wife, who was a good dancer, led in the festivities. Mr. McIntire was not a mere land proprietor and promoter of industries for personal profit, but shared everything with his neighbors, and treated them as partners rather than competitors. When the settlement needed anything he gave liberally from what he most possessed-land ; he constructed mills and dams, was active in securing the location of the temporary capital, and helped generously with his wealth in every enterprise ; promoted the canal past the Muskingum rapids, took an active interest in the amusements as well as the sober business concerns of the town, represented the section in the convention to frame a state constitution, and left his estate "for the use and support of a poor school" for "the poor children of said town, the children who are to be the objects of this institution are to be fixed upon by the president and directors" of the Zanesville Canal and Manufacturing Company, and that there might be perpetual succession of executors he selected a corporation of his own creation for the purpose. He died July 29, 1815, after a short illness, in his stone residence, and was buried July 31 in the graveyard at the head of Main street, opposite St. Nicholas church. A sandstone was erected over the grave shortly after interment, upon which was inscribed the following, written by Ebenezer Granger : "Sacred to the memory of John McIntire, who departed this life July 29, 1815, aged 56 years. He was born at Alexandria, Virginia ; laid out the town of Zanesville in 1800—of which he was Patron and Father. He was a member of the convention which formed the Constitution of Ohio, a kind husband, an obliging neighbor, pUnctual to his engagements, of liberal mind, and benevolent disposition, his death was sincerely lamented." "As o’er this stone you throw a careless eye, (When drawn perchance to this sad, solemn place). Reader, remember,—'tis your lot to die, You, too, the gloomy realms of death must trace. When yonder winding stream shall cease to flow, Old Ocean's waves no longer lash the shore, When warring tempests shall forget to blow, And these surrounding hills exist no more, This sleeping dust, reanimate, shall rise, Bursting to life, at the last trumpet's sound, Shall bear a part in Nature's grand assize, When sun, and stars, and time no more are found." The original marker had suffered from the action of the elements and in 1868 the Probate Court allowed an expenditure from the estate to erect a new tomb, when a marble sarcophagus, about two feet high was placed over the grave ; the ends were paneled and the name "Tohn McIntire" inscribed in both ; upon the slab forming the cover was a shield on which was engraved JOHN McINTYRE, 1759-1815. The inscription on the original marker was reproduced on the slab of the sarcophagus, and the whole enclosed by an elliptical stone wall, with a heavy limestone coping, supporting a high iron picket fence, which was completed in 1868 at a 190 - PAST AND PRESENT OF MUSKINGUM COUNTY. cost of $797.21. Requests upon the city authorities for the care of the grave were not complied with, and the executors having learned that the grave of McIntire's only daughter, in Wheeling, was neglected, her remains were brought to Zanesville, and December 31, 1889, were reinterred with thoSe of her father, side by side, near the southern foot of the hill, upon which stands McIntire's monument—The JOHN McINTIRE CHILDREN'S HOME—the sarcophagus and fence being re-erected to enclose and protect both father and daughter. MRS. MCINTIRE. Sarah M. McIntire was daughter to Ebenezer and Elizabeth Zane, and was born at Wheeling, February 22, 1773 ; in the Zanesville settlement, she was noted as one of the most accomplished cooks and neatest housekeepers ; a genial hostess and graceful dancer ; kind hearted especially to the sick and afflicted, and went among the settlers cheering and sympathizing with them in their troubles, and administering to their wants. Her larder always contained substantials and dainties for the sick to eat and drink, and when herbs were needed she always had an abundance, and dispensed them without stint ; no one was ever denied, whatever their habits or standing, and she was universally loved and respected. She was neither sycophant or coward, and it is related that one day she was standing in the front door, overlooking the ford at the head of the falls, at the foot of Market street, and observed a tall, robust Indian wading across, carrying his bow, arrows and blankets, while his small, fragile squaw followed carrying the papoose, blanket and cooking utensils, and struggling under the load against the swift current. When the Indian came up and asked for food she grabbed a stick and applied it to his swarthy body and denounced him as a lazy dog, and refused him nourishment, but spread a generous meal for the squaw and papoose. During the summer of 1814, before the Methodists had finished their frame meeting house, it was announced that a Methodist would preach at the court house at 2 p. m. on a certain Sunday. The Presbyterians held services in the building, morning and evening, and when the people gathered for the Methodist service the doors were found fastened, and no provision had been made to open them. "Aunty McIntire," as she was affectionately called, became indignant and ordered her colored servant to bring an ax, and some one hurried to McIntire to inform him of his wife's purpose, and requested him to hurry to the scene. He replied, "Go back, Sally will make her way through." The sexton soon appeared and violence was avoided, but as there was some misunderstandings between the two denominations, the in cident was regarded as not altogether accidental. Mrs. McIntire remained a widow only a short time, and was married to David Young, August 15, 1816, and died at Zanesville, March 8, 1854. BLACK MESS was a noted character in the early days and an essential person at all festivities, as the leader, and often the sole member of the "orchestra;” he was good natured, ever alert for a frolic, and a general favorite, a genuine, old-time, faithful, devoted negro servant and friend, a type which has almost disappeared. He ran away from slavery in Maryland, and in 1799 hired to McIntire to assist him in moving his family from Wheeling to the Muskingum, where Mess arrived in May, 1800. His master traced him to Zanesville and came after him, but Mess saw him and escaped to the woods; McIntire explained the difficulty of finding him, and finally offered the owner $150 for him, and was given a bill of sale, but as the institution was forbidden in the territory the sale was a virtual purchase of Mess' freedom ; he was McIntire's trusted servant for a long time and his "master" bought for him the upper ferry, where-upon Mess located on River street (Linden avenue), in West Zanesville, where he died in 1840. McIntire remembered him in his will with annuity of $50. He was married to Ann Thompson and desired the wedding to be "jes' lik' w'ite folks," and it was celebrated at McIntire's house, with Samuel Thompson, T. P., as the high priest; when the legal formalities had been compile with the squire demanded his fee and Mess insisted that "de cer'mony be don' jes' lik' w’ite fo’ks and added that it was usual for the 'squire to kiss the bride, and that when this had been done the dollar would be paid, according to agreement ; Mess retained his dollar, but received a certificate, reading : "I do certify that Mess Johnson, a black man, and Ann Thompson, a black woman, was married before me the eighth of November, 1808. "SAMUEL THOMPSON, J. P. It was suspected that McIntire was particeps criminis with Mess in defrauding the official of his fee for the ceremony unless he accompanied the service with the customary osculatory rite. The wedding was celebrated by a feast, such as only "Auntie McIntire" could spread, and after the supper, Mess' fiddle was produced and dancing was continued until long after midnight. In 1827-8 a great religious revival occurred and Mess was converted and joined the church; he became so enthusiastic and considered him- PAST AND PRESENT OF MUSKINGUM COUNTY - 191 self so sanctified he could fly, but lacked the members to perform the feat; to test his ability he cut the flaps from an old saddle and sewed straps upon them, through which to run the arms. Mounted upon a high stump, he leaped upward, flapped his wings and came to the ground with the suddenness and emphasis commonly expressed by the word, "thud," and was picked up unconscious ; he never tried to fly again, but remained an ordinary mortal but consistent Christian until his death, during 1840. ROBERT MITCHELL was third physician to locate at Zanesville, and came from Pennsylvania in a one-horse sleigh, accompanied by his bride ; he arrived January 1, 1807, young healthy, energetic and ambitious, but lacking in wealth, and rented an upstairs room at the lower end of Main street, from Daniel Convers. He had confidence in himself and soon after purchased a lot at southeast corner of Fifth street and Locust alley, upon the southern half of which he erected, in 1807, a two-story, hewed-log, weather boarded house, which is still occupied as a residence. When the British and Indians besieged Fort Meigs he went to its relief, as surgeon of a regiment of volunteers, and upon their arrival at Mount Vernon were met by General Harrison, who commended them for their patriotism and bravery, but informed them it was useless to proceed further, as the government had no arms for them, and they could not successfully overcome the enemy with fists inspection of the regiment developed only fifty muskets. Dr. Mitchell’s personal experience at Mount Vernon did not increase his military renown, and served to embarrass him among his friends: while feeding his horse some corn, a vagrant hog sauntered along and manifested a desire to participate in the meal; the doctor drew his sword and struck the animal with the flat side and broke the weapon, much to his mortification. He was an active democratic politician and intense partisan; loved public office and its distinction; was member of the town council, county collector, clerk to the commissioners, Representative in the General Assembly, associate judge and Representative in Congress, and in 1820 was commissioned brigadier general of the militia. He was an upright, valuable citizen, successful in his profession, and notwithstanding his intense party spirit, was trusted and respected. He died November 13, 1848, in his seventieth year. BLACK NANCE is frequently mentioned by the early settlers of Zanesville, and appears to have been one of those unfortunate creatures found in all communities, but who become notorious in small ones. Captain James Taylor purchased a farm on the west side of the river, from a land agent at Philadelphia, and, in 1804, came to Zanesville to occupy his property; while boarding with McIntire he met a young lady visitor, from Wheeling, to whom he became engaged, and they were married at her home in Wheeling in 1806. Some friends presented her with a black servant girl, called "Nancy Murphy," and who came to be called "Nancy Taylor" when she entered the Taylor family. She was of a low grade of intellect, fond of liquor, and when under its influence all the diabolical instincts of a fiend were aroused ; she was strong and healthy, a splendid worker, and for many year lived on the Taylor farm, but seemed to be instigated to deeds of cruelty and viciousness. Upon one occasion, becoming incensed at Mrs. Taylor, and during the Captain's absence, she tied a trace chain to each ankle, placed a string of bells around her neck, and with a tin horn in her mouth, started down the stairs rattling the chains, shaking the bells and blowing the horn ; the unearthly noise alarmed Mrs. Taylor, living as she was at a remote distance from the settlement, and upon his return the Captain thrashed her severely with a wagon whip. At another time, when angry at Mrs. Taylor, she gathered a lot of chickens around her by scattering food and then mowed their legs off with a scythe, while they were feeding, and for this she was again severely flogged. As was usual in those days, the Captain had a smoke-house filled with meats curing, and Nance set it afire and it was entirely destroyed, which so enraged him that he swore he would kill her, and shot and wounded her in the ankle : the night was cold and she lay until morning in a hay stack, and her feet were so badly frozen some toes were amputated. Driven from the farm she crossed to the town and did chores for food, lodging and whiskey, and made sport for the boys who teased her to hear her rage and profanity. JEFFREY PRICE. Born in Ireland, Mr. Price engaged in merchandising at Philadelphia, where his wife died : he then sold his business, and with an infant daughter, came to Zanesville in the fall of 1802, and opened the third store in the settlement, at the southeast corner of First street and Fountain alley, and boarded with John McIntire. In 1805 he built a row of frames in Main street. between Court alley and Fifth street, one of which he occupied as a store in partnership with William Smith in the sale of dry goods, hard- 192 - PAST AND PRESENT OF MUSKINGUM COUNTY. ware, paints, and liquors. He became postmaster and for many years was one of the leading and most enterprising business men of the town. When the information was received that peace had been concluded with Great Britain, Mr. Price rushed out of his store without coat or hat, and, swinging the letter above his head, cried to the people in the street : "Pace ! pace ! pace ! in the name of God, gintlemin, there's pace !" The news was rapidly disseminated and all labor suspended and the day devoted to rejoicing. He married Miss Mary Van Horne, April 28, 1813, and about 1816 sold his mercantile interests and engaged in farming, having purchased what is now known as Blandy's hill, upon which he erected the residence later occupied as the George A. Jones home, and where he built a mausoleum. In the fall of 1823 a scourge of typhoid fever swept the town, as many as four, and sometimes eight, funerals occurring in one day, and nearly every family in the town furnished a victim to the disease ; September 2, his wife died, and on the 11th he succumbed to the disease, being then in his fifty-fifth year ; he was buried in the mausoleum, but later a lot was secured at Woodlawn and the remains interred there and the vault torn down. RUFUS PUTNAM is one of the most illustrious names in the history of Ohio, and although he was not a permanent resident of Muskingum county, his large interests in Putnam, which was named in his honor, his solicitude for the well-being of the people of that village and frequent appearance among- them, made him a pioneer of the county and city. He was a cousin to Israel Putnam and was born at Sutton, Massachusetts, April 9, 1838, O. S. ; at fifteen he was apprenticed to a millwright and at nineteen enlisted as a private soldier in the French and Indian war, served three years, participated in several actions, and was mustered out as ensign, a promotion earned by distinguished service. He resumed his trade and studied mathematics, and when the Revolution occurred, was among the first to enter the army. First he was colonel of a regiment of Massachusetts line, but Congress appointed him military engineer, and the succesS of the first great military operation of the war was due to his engineering skill, which made the evacuation of Boston a necessity to the British ; he also fortified West Point, served through the war with honor, and January 8, 1873, was commissioned brigadier general; at Washington'S request he designed the peace establishment of the army and a plan for a chain of military forts on the frontier. After peace he returned to Rutland, Massachusetts, and engaged in farming, and in 1878 was appointed a surveyor of western lands from Massachusetts, but home engagements prevented him from going in person and he sent Benjamin Tupper, whose report to Putnam caused him to call the meeting at the Bunch of Grapes tavern, at Boston, March 1, 1786, which developed into the Ohio Company. The highest order of diplomacy was exercised in securing the adoption of the ordinance of 1787, and the terms of the to ordinance, as adopted, are substantially the provisions he and Cutler he and Cutler agreed upon June 25, 1787, at Boston. When the Ohio Company was formed he was appointed superintendent of all the business of the organization, and he commanded the first body of settlers who landed at Marietta, April 7, 1788 ; in 1789 he was appointed a judge of the supreme court of the territory, and May 5, 1792, was commissioned brigadier general in the United States army to serve against the Indians, but resigned in the following year on account of failing health. In 1796 he was appointed surveyor general of the United States, and held the office until removed by Jefferson in 1803. He was a member of the convention that framed the first constitution of the State of Ohio as a delegate from Washington county, and served as commissioner to treat with the Indians on the Wabash. He died at Marietta, May 1, 1824, aged eighty-six years, and has been described as a man after Washington's pattern and after Washington's own heart ; his strong common sense, sterling integrity and high conception of honor were reinforced by a modest demeanor and benevolent disposition; he was not accounted brilliant. but solid, penetrating and comprehensive in his mental operations, and his tall commanding figure secured the respect and attention which his qualities deserved. REV. FRANKLIN RICHARDS, D.D. was born at New Middletown, Ohio, April 21, 1840, the son of one of the defend Baltimore, at seventeen years of age, and who died of Asiatic cholera, when Franklin was nine years of age ; he went to Pittsburg to learn the trade of printer at seventeen, and a year later was able to enter an academy to obtain the education he so much desired; he was a student at Gettysburg college when the war broke out, and when Pennsylvania was invaded, in 1863, volunteered, with other students, was mustered into service, and was with the regiment which first encountered the advancing and victorious Confederates, under Early. After the retirement of the enemy he resumed his studies, and in 1864 entered the service of the United States Christian Commis- PAST AND PRESENT OF MUSKINGUM COUNTY - 193 sion and was sent to Nashville, Tennessee, where the first diet kitchens were opened, and remained at the front from March to May, when he returned to college to pass the final examination, and was again sent to the front at Petersburg. He received the degree of A. B., and in 1867 that of A. M., and in the latter year graduated from the Lutheran seminary of the Evangelical Lutheran church, and in June was ordained at Lebanon, Pennsylvania. In the meantime, he had been placed in charge of the English paper, conducted by the general council, which position he resigned to devote himself to the ministry, and was called to the first English Lutheran church in Chicago, which had no congregation or church, but by 1871 a building was erected and destroyed in the great fire in October of that year; he and his parishioners lost all personal property, but by appeals to the church at large, contributions aggregating $10,000.00 were made and a frame building was bought and moved to a lot which had been purchased. He resigned September 1, 1873, and became editor of the Lutheran and Messenger, at Philadelphia, and in November, 1876, became pastor of St. John’s church at Zanesville, where he became active in all matters tending to the public good and his death, September 11, 1904, was sincerely mourned by all, as he was universally esteemed as a man who was conscientiously good. A. C. ROSS. A list of the distinguished dead of Muskingum county would be incomplete without the name of Alexander Coffman Ross, a man of the most versatile attainments and as popular as he was gifted. Born at Zanesville, May 31, 1812, he lived in his native city with the affection of every acquaintance and died honored and regretted. With natural scientific and mechanical tastes his greatest pleasure was in studying scientific books and testing their statements, by experiments, and at seventeen years was apprenticed to a watchmaker, and after two years’ labor went to New York to acquire the best tuition in his chosen handicraft ; his opportunities for study were thus largely increased and embraced, and when his course was completed he returned to Zanesville and began his business career with Mr. Charles Hill, and was soon recognized as a master in his trade, as was also his early tutor and business associate. When a mere boy he was a party to the distinction of producing the first percussion caps manufactured in the United States. About 1826 a gentleman came direct from England to the Muskingum valley and engaged in farming, and brought with him some percussion caps, and the recipe for the explosive composition with which they were charged. He gave some caps and the recipe to Captain Elijah Ross, father of "Coff," and the latter and Theodore began the manufacture ; the copper was secured in thin sheets from Captain Dulty, but being too thick, and having no rolls, was hammered to the desired thinness ; the dies, punches and other tools were made by themselves, but they were obliged to send to Europe for one of the chemicals. The caps made by the Ross boys exploded with the noise of a pistol and constituted their only objectionable feature, and were sold at one cent each, but were forced from the market by the importation of foreign makes. When Daguerre's process of fixing the image of an object upon a metal plate was published, Ross read the description with interest, and in November, 1839, constructed a rude camera by framing one cigar box to fit neatly into another, and with a paper tube and the object lens from a spy-glass, his camera was complete. His skill as a silversmith served him well in the preparation of his plate and ground glass, and his knowledge of chemistry enabled him to supply substitutes for the designated solutions the local "apothecary shops" could not furnish. His place of business was upon the site of the Union National bank, and his first picture was of the Atheneum building, which stood at the east wing of the court house, and was immediately opposite his store ; the exposure lasted twenty minutes, in a bright sunlight, and he succeeded in producing the first daguerreotype made west of the city of New York, although no evidence has ever been produced that one was made in the United States prior to November, 1839 ; his subsequent experiments solved many of the difficulties he and other amateur, as well as professional, operators experienced in the new art. When the Morse system of telegraphy was announced, Ross made experimental tests and rude instruments, and became so familiar and expert with the process that when a telegraph line was built to Zanesville he became the first operator, without having before seen a line in operation. In later years, when the telephone and phonograph were invented. he had practical devices of both in operation before either were introduced to the city. He was extremely fond of music and pictorial art and was an accomplished musician and painter. His musical ear was so active and ac- curate that the young men of the city depended upon his visits to the circus to acquire the melodies of the latest songs sung by the clown, who, in those days, introduced the popular airs as they are now done by traveling thespians, and "Coff's" ear never failed to accurately retain the air and his voice to reproduce it. Mr. Ross' scientific bent attracted him to illumination by gas, and he was one of the first 194 - PAST AND PRESENT OF MUSKINGUM COUNTY. board of directors of the Zanesville Gas Light Company, and from January 31, 186o, until his death its president. His greatest fame rests upon the composition of the famous campaign song of "Tippecanoe and Tyler, Too," which set the country ablaze with political enthusiasm during the exciting campaign of 1840. After the great whig convention at Columbus, in February, a "Tippecanoe club" was formed at Zanesville, and a Glee club furnished music at the opening and closing of its meetings. Several songs had been composed, but each lacked that sentiment which was in recent years alliterally designated as vim, vigor and victory ; "Tom" Launder suggested to Ross that the tune of "Little Pigs" supplied a lively air, and the following Sunday the desired political song was the dominant thought in Ross' mind as he sat in his place as a member of a church choir, and before the service was concluded he had the song blocked out. Soon after a meeting of huge dimensions was held in the Senate chamber, and Ross furnished the Glee club with copies of the chorus, and when the first speech was concluded he introduced "Tippecanoe and Tyler, Too," which was greeted with Yells, cheers and all the noise of a political meeting ; it was carried to the streets, whistled in shops and stores, and sung in homes, and became immensely popular—with the whigs. In September, Mr. Ross went to New York for goods and as several noted speakers were to address a meeting, while awaiting the speakers, campaign songs were sung, but the repertoire was limited and soon exhausted, and an invitation was extended to anyone who could sing to come forward. Ross announced he could sing a song if he could get to the platform, and was lifted over the heads of the crowd to that elevation. Cries came from various parts of the house, "Who are von? What’s your name? Where did you conic from ?" to which Ross, with the smile so characteristic of the man, replied, "I'm a 'Buckeye,' from the 'Buckeye' state," and the chairman called for three cheers for the "Buckeye" state, the home of their nominee. Ross requested the audience to be quiet until he had sung a few verses, but when the crowd had learned the chorus, his injunctions were disregarded, and the song passed beyond his control. Although the words were doggerel and poetry lacking in rhythm, the song was catchy and did much to secure the electoral vote for Tippecanoe and Tyler. too. Mr. Ross died February 26, 1883, after a brief illness, awl although the honors of a semi-public funeral were desired by the friends and associates of the numerous societies and organizations with which he had been affiliated, his preference for a quiet and unpretentious funeral was observed and the honored remains were laid "With patriarchs of the infant world— with kings, The powerful of the earth--the wise, the good, Fair forms, and hoary seers of ages WYLLYS SILLIMAN was born at Stratford, Connecticut, October 7, 1777, and before coming to Zanesville edited a Federalist newspaper in Western Virginia. He arrived at Marietta in 1800, and married a sister of Lewis Cass, January 14, 1802. Upon the organization of the Ohio judiciary system, in 1803, he was appointed one of the presiding common pleas judges and opened the first court as such in Muskingum county, in 1804, but resigned the same year to become register of the land office, in Zanesville. He was the first lawyer to locate in Zanesville having his office in a log cabin at the lower end of Main street, and residence at southwest corner of Main and First streets. In 1807 he traded a tract of land on the Marietta road for the property north of St. Nicholas church, on Greenwood avenue, so long known as the Dr. Brown property, and now occupied by the Meyer flats, into which he moved his residence and office. In 1811 he resigned as register, and is later represented Muskingum county in both houses of the General Assembly ; was solicitor of the United States treasury, by appointment of President Jackson, and was one of the projectors and proprietors of Zanesville’s first waterworks. In 1836 he moved to Cleveland, and later to Wooster and Cincinnati, but returned to Zanesville and died at the residence of his son-in-law, Charles C. Gilbert, November 13, 1842. He was plain, unassuming, obliging, kind hearted, jovial and honorable, indifferent about his personal appearance, and reputed as the most eloquent orator of the local bar in his generation. ISAAC SPANGLER was son of Christian Spangler, and came to Zanesville in 1803, when three years of age; he studied medicine with Dr. Robert Mitchell and became a leading physician of the town. He possessed more than ordinary ability, exercised a judgment in diagnosis that approached intuition accuracy, was eminently successful, and would have achieved renown beyond the borders of the state had he cared more for self than professional duty. Kind and sympathetic by nature, he exercised those virtues especially among the poor and unfortunate, attended them gratuitously with the same care and consideration as was given the wealthy, and when he thought a delicacy was needed or would be enjoyed, supplied it himself. He was often seen carrying food to indigent patients, and when "Black Nance" was on her death bed he purchased a chicken and had it PAST AND PRESENT OF MUSKINGUM COUNTY - 195 cooked and sent to the miserable outcast. He was fond of congenial company ; too generous to accumulated wealth, and neglected personal matters; he was very much endeared to the poor and his accidental death, on a New Year's morning, was the occasion of widespread sorrow, especially among his beneficiaries, and the population attended his obsequies en masse to honor the memory of one “who went about doing good." In the morning of his death he had made a professional call and was within a few yards of h Sixth street ; some boys had loaded an old gun-barrel with powder and slugs, placed it on a fire plug, applied fire to the train of powder and ran, without observing whether any person was approaching; the Doctor was in direct range and one ball pierced his heart and he fell upon the sidewalk, lifeless. The boys excused their act by alleging they did not think the slugs would carry so far. ISAAC VAN HORNE was born in Bucks county, Pennsylvania, January 13, 1754, and was descended from an ancient Holland family, which emigrated to America when the Dutch possessed New York, some members of which later emigrated to Bucks county, Pennsylvania. In 1776 he joined the Revolutionary army and was taken prisoner at Fort Washington, November 16, 1776; was exchanged in May, 1777, and shortly after rejoined the army and was present at the siege of Yorktown, which resulted in the surrender of Cornwallis. After the war he resumed a farming life, served in minor local offices, represented his in the Legislature. And his district in Congress, and in 1805 came to Zanesville as receiver of public monies at the land office, to which he had been appointed by President Jefferson. In June, 1805, he purchased four lots at the northwest corner of Main and Second streets, and erected a two-story, hewed-log, weather boarded dwelling on Pine street, in Natchez; the building was painted white and its elevation made it conspicuous from the Zanesville side, and it came to be locally known as the "White House." He also planted a large orchard of fruit trees and had the most extensive orchard in the section. In 1806 he erected a two-story, frame hotel at the northeast corner of Main and Fifth streets, which was removed in 1826 and replaced by a brick building, so long occupied as the Zane House, and also built a hotel at Fourth and Main. March 7, 1817, he moved from Natchez into the commodious brick residence still standing on the north side of Market street, east of Sixth street, so long known as the Van Horne residence, and which he purchased from Alexander McLaughlin, who constructed it at great expense. In 1826 he resigned as receiver of the public money, and died February 2, 1834. He was one of the most prominent, active and energetic business men of his day, and greatly esteemed by the community.