(RETURN TO THE TITLE PAGE) AND REPRESENTATIVE CITIZENS - 251 The second lodge was Akron Lodge, No. 547, I. O. O. F., which was instituted July 9, 1873. Among its charter members were John J. Wagoner, Aaron Wagoner, R. P. Marvin, IL J. Church, Charles L. Brown, John Memmer, John H. Auble, D. W. Thomas and T. W. McGillicudy. It officers in 1907 are: Noble grand, A. P. Myers; vice-grand, E. B. Anderson ; secretary, C. B. Quine; treasurer, Charles Warner; trustees, E. W. Stuart, A. W. Hawkins and W. J. Coney; relief committee, A. K. Rinser.' Nemo Lodge, No. 746, I. O. O. F. was instituted May 22, 1886, by Richard Bacon, grand master. Among its charter members were H. G. Canfield, P. H. Hoffman, E. Colloredo, A. A. Bartlett, A. G. Keck, P. W. Leavitt, C. W. Kline, Jacob Koplin, Robert Guillet and D. R. Bunn. Its officers for 1907 are : Noble grand, H. R. Wells; vice-grand, Harvey Parker; recording secretary, F. G. Smith ; financial secretary, J. H. Wagoner; treasurer, William II. Rook, Sr.; trustees, F. G. Marsh, A. G. Keck and W. F. Payne. Granite Lodge, No. 522, I. O. O. F., is the German lodge and is located in fine lodge rooms in the 'Kaiser Block. East Akron is also represented in Odd Fellowship, having a lodge named Apollo Lodge. In Cuyahoga Falls there are Howard Lodge, No. 62, I. O. O. F., and Rebecca Lodge, I. O. O. F., Elm 227. The total membership of the five Akron lodges in 1907 was 1400. The greatest event in the history of Odd Fellowship in Summit County was the dedication of the magnificent New Temple on South Main Street in Akron. The building is one of the finest in the city and consists of eight stories and a tower. It was dedicated with due ceremony on April 2, 1895. It was built by the Akron Odd Fellows Temple Company. The first board of officers were: President, A. C. Bachtel; vice-president, Lewis Bullinger; secretary, A. G. Keck; treasurer, Mason Chapman. The officers of the Temple Company for 1907 are: President, John Memmer; vice-president, W. H. Lohr; secretary, A. G. Keck; treasurer, A. W. Hawkins. OTHER ORDERS. The other orders represented in Akron are the following: Buckley Post, No. 12, Grand Army of the Republic, organized in March 1867, of which Major H. A. Kasson is now commander. Woman's Relief Corps, Buckley Corps, No. 23. Union Veteran's Legion, Abraham Lincoln 'Command, No. 1; Women's Veteran Relief Union, No. 2; Sons of Veterans, Akron Camp, No. 27; Ladies' Aid Society, No. 8, Auxiliary to the Sons of Veterans; Knights of Honor, Acme Lodge and Spartan Lodge; National Union, Diamond Council, .18; American Legion of Honor, Akron Council, No. 248; Knights and Ladies of Honor, Agenda Lodge, No. 310 and Akron Lodge, No. 2518; Royal Arcanum, Provident Council, No. 16; Protected Home Circle, Akron Circle, No. 54 and Summit Circle No. 565; The Maccabees, Akron Tent, No. 26, Leon Tent, No. 282, Charity Tent, No. 538 and Unity Division, Uniformed Rank, No. 14; Ladies of the Maccabees, Busy Bee Hive No. 35, Protective Hive No. 60, Independent Ilive No. 147, Favorite Hive No. 164; Ladies of the Modern Maccabees; Benevolent and Protective Order of Elks No. 363; Sons of St. George, Akron Lodge No. 180; Daughters of St. George, Ganter Lodge No. 18; Foresters of America, Court Akron No. 42, and Court Summit City No. 24; Independent Order of Foresters, Court Pride No. 356 and Court Portage Path No. 4470; Companions of the Forest, Pride of Akron Circle, No. 220; Royal Neighbors of America, Puritan Camp No. 1746 and Evening Star Camp; Independent Order of Red Men, Saranac Tribe No. 141 and Ogareeta Council No. 29. Modern Woodmen of America, Akron 'Camp, 4334, Security 'Camp No. 4937, and Welcome Camp. The Pathfinders, Akron Lodge No. 1, and Acme Lodge No. 135. National Protective Union, Akron Legion No. 712. Junior Order United American Mechanics, Commodore Perry Council No. 209. Daughters of Liberty, Columbia Council, No. 21. Independent Order of Heptasophs, Akron Conclave, 713. Order of Ben Ilur, Antioch Court No. 11. Knights 252 - HISTORY OF SUMMIT COUNTY and Ladies of Security, Summit Council No. 661 and Liberty Council, No. 1356. Independent Order of the Red Cross, Teutonic Commandery No. 25. ;United Commercial Travellers, Akron Council No. 87. Royal Templars, Summit Council No. 36. Fraternal Order of Eagles, Akron Aerie 555. Court of Honor, Akron District Court, No. 238. Royal League, Akron Council No. 243. Home Guards of America, Akron Home No. 47. American Insurance Union, Akron Chapter No. 175. Knights of Columbus, Akron Council No. 547. Knights of St. John, Akron Commandery No. 42 and St. George Commandery No. 6. Catholic Knights of America, St. Vincent's Branch No. 227. Catholic Knights of Ohio, St. Mary's Branch No. 21. Ancient Order of Hibernians, Division No. 1, and Ladies Auxiliary. Father Mathew Temperance Society, No. 1621. Catholic Ladies of Ohio, St. Rose Branch, No. 5. Catholic Mutual Benevolent Association, Gibbons Branch No. 14, St. Bernard's Branch 37, and St. Mary's Branch No. 78. Ladies' Catholic Benevolent Association, St. Mary's Branch No. 180. National Association of Stationary Engineers, Akron Section No. 28. The Ordcr of Mutual Protection. Independent Order of Good Samaritans and Daughters of Samaria, Western Reserve Lodge, No. 1. Daughters of Jerusalem, Ida May Council No. 12. United Order of True Reformers, Superior Fountain 1311, and Akron Star 1910. The principal non-secret organizations are the following: German Club, Akron Liedertafel, Akron Turnverein, Thalia Unterstuetzung's Verein, Landwehr Society, Akron Saengerbund, Gruetli Society, Saxony Beneficial Association, German Military Society, Young Men's Hebrew Association, St. Joseph's Benevolent Society, St. Bernard's Benevolent Society, Alsace-Loraine Benevolent Union, Women's Christian Temperance Union, Young Women's Christian Association, Young Men's Christian Association, Elks Club, Kirkwood Club, Masonic Club, Odd Fellows Club, Akron Camera Club, Akron Dental Society, Portage Path Canoe Club, Akron Bar Association, Celsus Club, Summit County Clinical Society, Summit County Medical Society, and many others. In Barberton, many orders are represented by lodges as follows: Free and Accepted Masons, National Lodge No. 568; Independent Order of Odd Fellows, Pharos Lodge No. 863; Daughters of Rebecca, Summit Lodge No. 603; Knights of Pythias, Barberton Lodge No. 486; Modern Woodmen of America, Alpha Camp No. 3206; Knights of the Maccabees, Barberton Tent 114; Ladies of the Maccabees, Lake Anne Hive, No. 104 ; Independent Order of Red Men, Katonka Tribe, No. 218 and Pocohontas Council; Woodmen of the World, Magic City Camp No. 136; Pathfinders, Barberton Lodge No. 5 ; Independent Order of Foresters, Lodge 4058; C. M. B. A. Branch 55 ; Benevolent and Protective Order of Elks, Barberton Lodge No. 982 ; Fraternal Order of Eagles, Barberton Aerie, No. 562; Ancient Order of Hibernians, Barberton Branch ; Junior Order United American Mechanics; Daniel Webster Council No. 161, Barberton Cadets and Daughters of America. In Cuyahoga Falls the principal organizations are the following: Free and Accepted Masons, Star Lodge No. 187; Independent Order of Odd Fellows, Howard Lodge No. 62; Royal Arcanum, Enterprise Council No. 234; National Union, Security Council, No. 51; Knights of Pythias, Pavonia Lodge No. 301; Grand Army of the Republic, Eadie Post No. 37; Sons of Veterans, Wood Camp No. 66; Good Templars, Lodge No. 59; Daughters of Rebecca, Elm Lodge No. 227; Protected Home Circle, Glen No. 85 ; Pvthian Sisterhood, Ivy Lodge No. 8 ; The Public Library Association, the Women's Christian Temperance Union, and others. CHAPTER XVIII THE MEDICAL PROFESSION North Akron was founded by a doctor. The prosperous and busy Akron of today is due more to the restless energy of Eliakim Crosby,• M. D., than to any other factor. Since his time, the medical profession have riot been content to busy themselves with pills and fevers alone, but have been active in an extraordinary degree, in the civil, business and social life of the community. The first two large additions to the city were those planned and executed by physicians: Dr. S. H. Coburn and Dr. S. W. Bartges. Two of the important streets of the city have been named after them. The founder of one. of Akron's largest manufactories—perhaps the largest—was Dr. B. F. Goodrich, from whom the B. F. Goodrich Company takes its name. The profession has also been prominent in the City Council, the Board of Education and Public Library affairs. There is very little on record concerning the early physicians of the county. Who was the first to regularly practice medicine in Summit County is a matter of dispute. 1)r. Crosby was practicing in Middlebury in 1820; Dr. Joseph Cole began his practice in 1826, removing to Akron in 1827. Other early physicians were Elijah Hanchett, Titus Chapman, Theodore Richmond, E. F. Bryan, H. A. Ackley, D. D. Evans, W. T. Huntington and Edwin Angel. Perhaps, the very oldest residents now living will recall the names of Drs. E. L. Munger, Elijah Curtis, A. Kilbourn and Wareham West. Of all these early phyicians there is only one whose name is familiar to posterity : It is that of Dr. Eliakim Crosby. It is perpetuated in the names of Crosby School, Crosby street and the Crosby Race. He was born in Litchfield, Connecticut, March 2, 1779, studied medicine in Buffalo, N. Y.; began his professional career in Canada, where he also married; served in the American Army in the war of 1812, as a surgeon; and, in 1820, moved to Ohio and resumed the practice of medicine, in Middlebury, now a part of the city of Akron. In 1826 he formed the partnership of Crosby and Chittenden, contractors. From that time on his gigantic business affairs claimed his attention almost exclusively, and what practicing of medicine he did was merely incidental. His next business venture was the operation of the Cuyahoga Furnace for the reduction of the local iron ores. Then in rapid succession he took on the manufacture of agricultural implements, the operation of a sawmill, and, lastly, a grist-mill. Finally, in 1831, came his great scheme for the hydraulic canal and the founding of the village of Cascade, which are fully described in another chapter of this history. In 1836, he started the "Portage Canal and Manufacturing Company" project, a gigantic undertaking, but one which ended disastrously. He lost his entire fortune in this disaster, and evidently his fine spirit was crushed by the completeness of the failure, for we hear of him no more in connection with any additional schemes. Upon the celebration of the completion of the Crosby Race, May 29, 1844, this was the one sentiment of the entire community as voiced by the chairman of the meeting, namely, "Dr. Eliakim Crosby : The noble projector and efficient executive of the great enterprise this day successfully accomplished, of introducing the waters of the Great Cuyahoga River to Akron by land. Of his noble and persevering spirit of enterprise, his fellow citizens are justly 254 - HISTORY OF SUMMIT COUNTY proud." The tribute was as deserved as it was fitting. Dr. Crosby's wife, whom he married in Canada in 1810, died in Akron, October 13, 1830. Seven children had been born to them. .He was twice subsequently married. In 1853 he moved, with his family to Wisconsin, near the city of Green Bay, where he died September 2, 1854, in the 76th year of his life. Akron owes much to Dr. Crosby. We should pause once in each year and pay a tribute of respect to his memory. In the 30's and 40's the Crosby family was easily the foremost in the village, in every sphere of activity. The Doctor was not only foremost in the work of founding the city and establishing its business enterprises but he was active in every good work. One is compelled to admire that restless energy, that magnificent spirit of activity, that was his first characteristic. If Akron should ever have a "Founder's Day" in its list of Anniversary Days, the largest part of the celebration will be the recalling of the works of this early physician. Dr. Joseph Cole was born in Winfield, New York, September 17, 1795, graduated in medicine in 1825 and began the practice of his profession in Old Portage in 1826. The next year he moved to Akron where he built up a very large practice. He took a leading part in formulating local sentiment in favor of the Temperance and Anti-slavery Movements. He aided in securing the Akron School Law, and served on the Akron Board of Education in 1847. Dr. Cole died October 28, 1861, in the 67th year of his life. Dr. Elias W. Howard, another of the most prominent of the early physicians, was born in Andover, Vermont, April 14, 1816; studied and was graduated in medicine; and came to Akron in 1839. Here he enjoyed a large general practice for more than fifty years. Dr. Howard served many years in the 70's on the Board of Education, the City Council and the Board of Health. In 1875, he was president of the Council. He was one of the founders of the Summit County Medical Society and was a member of many other medical societies. He was married in 1840 to Elizabeth Chittenden who bore him two sons: Dr. H. C. Howard and Frank D. Howard. Dr. E. W. Howard died August 9, 1890. Dr. Amos Wright was the first white male child born in Tallmadge. He was born October 8, 1808. His parents were natives of Connecticut. His father was a practicing physician, and he read medicine in his father's office and also attended lectures in New Haven, Connecticut. He began his practice in Tallmadge in 1833 and continued his ministrations until his death, more than sixty years of active practice. He was married to Clemence C. Fenn, of Tallmadge, March 31, 1831. Nine children were born to them. Dr. Mendal Jewett was born in Greenwich, Massachusetts, on September 4, 1815; moved to Portage County in 1836; was graduated from Western Reserve Medical College with the class of 1839, and began the practice of his profession in Mogadore in the autumn of that year. In the 50's he was elected to the State Legislature and served four years. He was a strong advocate of temperance and a bitter foe of slavery. He was much interested in education, horticulture and scientific matters, and the city owes much to his activity in worthy causes. He moved to Middlebury in 1858 and continued his practice until the time of his death. He was married to Cordelia H. Kent, on June 14, 1839. Dr. Stephen H. Coburn, the father of Mrs. J. A. Kohler, was one of the most prominent citizens of Akron during the period 1850- 1880. He was born in Hillsdale, New York, December 29, 1809; studied medicine and began his practice in Massachusetts; moved to Akron in 1848 and for many years enjoyed a large practice as a homeopathic physician. He was married to Adeline Myers, May 15, 1839. Soon after coming to Akron, he became interested in several business concerns, and was very successful. He made large investments in real estate and platted a large tract in the southwestern part of the city, which is still known as the Coburn allotment. Coburn Street, in that portion of the city, was AND REPRESENTATIVE CITIZENS - 255 named for him. He died June 12, 1888, at the age of 78 years. Another early Akron physician who made considerable money in his real estate ventures was Dr. Samuel W. Bartges, who was born in Mifflinsburg, Pennsylvania, April 19, 1814. Upon completing his medical studies in 1842, he commenced practice in Akron, and soon enjoyed a large and lucrative practice. The Bartges allotment and the Bartges-Mallison allotment were both laid out by him and were big successes. They now constitute a substantial portion of the city. Dr. Bartges was married to Catherine A. Crump in 1835. He died November 24, 1882, aged 68 years, leaving a widow and three children. The kindly face of Dr. Daniel A. Scott will be recalled by all old Akron residents. He was born in Cadiz, Ohio, May 4, 1821; was graduated in medicine and commenced practice in Akron in 1848. He was soon in command of a large practice, which he continued to look after until the day of his death—January 23, 1890. During the last four years of his life he was a member of the Akron Board of Health. Many of us in Akron have reason to be thankful for the skill and patient care uniformly exercised by Dr. Thomas McEbright toward his large circle of patients during his long professional career.. He came to Akron in November, 1864, upon the mustering out of the 166th Regiment, Ohio Volunteer Infantry. He had served as an Army Surgeon continuously since 1861. Dr. McEbright was born in Carlisle, Pennsylvania, April 14, 1824. His parents soon moved to Ohio where he received his education in Norwalk Academy and Ohio Wesleyan University. Graduated in medicine in 1851 he commenced active practice at once. In 1857 he moved to Millersburg. When the Civil War broke out, he offered his services to his country; and for three years rendered splendid service as an army surgeon. In 1864, he was appointed colonel of the 166th Regiment. Dr. McEbright was married to Nancy Liggett, of Millersburg, on the 16th day of June, 1853. Until the time of his death, Dr. McEbright took an intense interest in public affairs, especially those concerning education. His strong public spirit is shown by the fact that he served for more than fourteen years as a member of the Akron Board of Education, some of the time as its president. The next public school building should be named for him. Another of the early doctors who was also greatly interested in Akron school affairs, and for whom the Bowen School on North Broadway was named, was Dr. William Bowen. Be was born in New York July 3, 1805, and about 1825 moved to Ohio, locating in. Canton. He taught school and studied medicine there until 1832, when he commenced practice in Doylestown, Ohio. In 1836, he was graduated from the Ohio Medical College and resumed his practice, locating first in Canton and later in Massillon. In 1857 he came to Akron and soon won a large practice. In 1830 he was married to Huldah M. Chittenden. Nine children were born to them, one of whom married Dr. A. E. Foltz, of Akron. Dr. Bowen served for many years as a member of the Akron Board of Education, part of the time as its president. While living in Massillon he published a journal called "The Free School Clarion" in the interests of education. Dr. Byron S. Chase was born in Vermont, January 9, 1834. About 1856 he came to Akron and studied medicine with Dr. E. W. Howard. He finished his medical education at Michigan University and began his active practice in Akron. Upon the advent of the Civil War, he was appointed surgeon of the 16th Ohio Volunteer Infantry, and served faithfully throughout the whole war period. In 1865 he resumed his practice in Akron. In 1863 he was married to Henrietta Sabin. Four children were born to them, the eldest of whom is Dr. William S. Chase, a successful practicing physician of Akron at the present time. Dr. Chase, the elder, died February 23, 1878, at. the early age of forty-four years. Dr. Elizur Hitchcock was born in Tallmadge, Ohio, August 15, 1832 ; graduated at Yale in 1854; received his medical education at the University of Michigan and the West- 256 - HISTORY OF SUMMIT COUNTY ern Reserve Medical School; practiced two years, and then entered the Union Army as surgeon of the Seventh Regiment, Ohio Volunteer Infantry. In 1870 he came to Akron and practiced successfully until his death a few years ago. In November, 1861, he was married to Hattie Reed, who died in 1834. He afterward married Lucretia Kellogg, who bore him two children, Hal. K. Hitchcock, an electrical engineer of Pittsburg, and Lucius W. Hitchcock, the artist, now living near New York City. Dr. William C. Jacobs probably enjoyed the confidence of a larger circle of patients and friends than any other physician who ever practiced in Summit County. His death a year or two ago was lamented throughout the county. He was an earnest, honest, straight-forward and plain-spoken man whom everyone who knew him loved for his fine qualities. He was born in Lima, Ohio, February 26, 1840; was educated for the Navy, but resigned from the Academy at Annapolis to study medicine. In Annapolis he was a schoolmate of Admirals Schley and Sampson. He was graduated from Ohio Medical College in Cincinnati, with the class of 1862. He immediately joined the Union Army as a sur- aeon and served until the close of the war. He was connected with the Fourth Regiment, Ohio Volunteer Cavalry and the Eighty-first Regiment, Ohio Volunteer Infantry. He came to Akron in October, 1865, and commenced to practice medicine and surgery. He was one of the chief workers in founding the Akron City Hospital, and at the time of his death was Chief -of the General Staff of that institution. Dr. Jacobs was twice married, his first wife being Hulda M. Hill, to whom one child was born, Dr. Harold Hill Jacobs, at present a successful and respected surgeon of Akron and the head of the City Hospital. Dr. James H. Peterson came to Akron in. 1854 and was one of the earliest practitioners of dentistry. in Summit County. He was born in New Brunswick in 1830 and passed his early years in Buffalo, New York. In November, 1855, he married Caroline Van Evra, of Akron. The eldest of their three children is the wife of Senator Charles Dick. Up to the time of his death, Dr. Peterson gave much attention to public affairs and rendered valuable service in behalf of the general welfare. Dr. Mason Chapman, who came to Akron in 1865, was another successful dentist who took a deep interest in municipal affairs, serving in the 70's as a member of the Akron City Council. Dr. John W. Lyder, now rounding out a successful career as dentist, came to Akron in April, 1870. He has been very much interested in Horticultural and Agricultural development., and has been of much service to those interests during his residence in Summit County. Other physicians who came to Akron just after the close of the Civil War and to whom this community is much indebted both for the unselfish and faithful practice of their profession, and their untiring zeal in public affairs, are Dr. Warren J. Underwood; the father of the present Dr. Edward S. Underwood; Dr. A. C. Belden, who met an untimely death by accident, December 11, 1890; Dr. Abner E. Foltz, the father of the present Dr. Esgar B. Foltz; Dr. O. D. Childs, who is still continuing his successful practice; and Dr. Leonidas S. Ebright, Akron's efficient postmaster, who has been continued in that post since the first term of President McKinley. The five last mentioned were veterans of the Civil War, and the first four served long appointments as army surgeons in various Ohio regiments. This chapter should not close without reference to the services of Doctors John Weimer, George P. Ashmun, O. E. Brownell, George G. Baker, Alexander Fisher, Henry M. Fisher and Rollin B. Carter. The following is a complete list of the Physicians and Surgeons practicing their professions in Akron and vicinity in the year 1907: PHYSICIANS AND SURGEONS OF AKRON. Adams, F. X. Alspach, E. Z. Angier, J. C. Barton, E. W. AND REPRESENTATIVE CITIZENS - 259 Beidler, William Bowman, D. S. Boyd, J. P. Collin, F. B. Caulfield, E. J. Chase, W. S. Childs, O. D. Clapsadel, F. A. Cleaver, J. V. Conn, Eli Conner, H. E. Cranz, D. E. Dixon, C. A. Eberhard, L. R. C. Ebright, L., S. Emery, Wm. J. Evans, Jennie L. Evans, Nellie M. Ewers, F. A. Fehr, Peter Foltz & Foltz Fouser, A. K. Grant, J. G. Halter, M. V. Hassenflue, J. W. Hays, C. J. Held, C. E. Hiddleson, C. S. Hill, C. T. Hill, J. E. Hottenstein, E. K. Hulse, J. A. Humphrey, C. M. Humphrey, L. B. Jacobs, H. H. Johnson, S. W. Jones, A. W. Keller, W. L. Kendig, R. C. Kennedy & Kergan Kneale, W. E. Kohler, A. A. Kurt, Katherine Leas, Lucy Lee, J. L. Leonard, W, W. Leppa & Co. Lyon, O. A. McDonald, D. M. McKay, R. H. Mather, E. L. Millikin, C. W. Montenyohl, E. A. Moore, T. K. Morgan, D. H. Morgenroth, Simon Murdock, Wm. Norris, C. E. Parks, Thos. C. Pumphrey, J. M. Rabe, J. W. Rankin, G. T. Rankin, I. C. Reed, F. C. Robinson, R. DeW. Rockwell, J. W. Rowe, Darius Rowland, Albert Sackett, W. A. Sanborn & Gleason Seiler, J. H. Shirey, J. L. Shuman, J. C. Sicherman, Armin Sippy, A. F. Stauffer, G. W. Stevenson, M. D. Sturgeon, S. H. Swan, C. G. Sweitzer, L. S. Taggart, H. D. Theiss, G. A. Theiss, H. C. Todd, H. D. Underwood, E. S. Waldron, L. P. Weaver, Elizabeth M. Weber, J. H. Weeks, E. A. Weller, J. N. Wilson, William Wise, L. J. Workman, T. W. Wright, S. St. J. DENTISTS OF AKRON. Albany Dental Parlors, Dr. C. C. Spangler, Prop.  Felker, Charles American Painless Dentists, Dr. F. H. McLean, Prop. Barton, H. W. Branch, E. E. Browne, L. T. Buchtel, A. P. Capron, F. M.  Cole, H. W.  Conner; W. B. Cooper, W. C. Dewey, W. H. Dreutlein, B. H. Hamilton, T. J. Henninger, D. H. Hillman, J. W. Hottenstein, W. J. Johnson, A. G. Lewis, F. M. Lyder, J. W. and F. H. Maxwell, W. J. Mottinger, C. C. Philadelphia Dental Rooms, Dr. W. J. Slemmons, Prop. Pontius, B. B. Quirk, E. 260 - HISTORY OF SUMMIT COUNTY Risch, J. F. Ruegsegger, D. U. Saunders & Locy Schultz, J. E. Shriber, B. A. Sibley, N. B. Smith, C. E. Vedder, J. B. Watters, W. J. White Dental Parlors, Dr. A. C. Buffington, Prop. Williams, E. J. Williamson, G. B. Lahmers, Frederick Livermore, F. B. Mansfield, W. A. Rodenbaugh & Rodenbaugh Snyder, H. A. Stall, A. H. Whipple, C. H. BARBERTON DENTISTS. Chandler & Benner Gallogly, D. B. Hille, 0. A. Wearstler, H. 0. PHYSICIANS AND SURGEONS OF BARBERTON. Brown, G. A. Carr, C. B. Cory, Mrs. Kate W. Davidson, H. S. Gardner, G. E. PHYSICIANS AND SURGEONS OF CUYAHOGA FALLS. Bill, A. H. Hough, W. S. Middleton, W. B. Smith, F. D. Taylor, W. X. CHAPTER XIX THE BENCH AND BAR Early History—The Present Bar and Its High Standing. Prior to the erection of Summit County, about the year 1838 or 1839, there were comparatively few lawyers in the city of Akron. Those who were here, were required to attend the courts in Ravenna, Medina and Canton, which were then the county seats of Portage, Medina and Stark Counties. The county of Summit was, in fact, made up by taking a number of townships from each of the counties named. Among the earliest practitioners who had established themselves in the little town of Akron, were some of the old pioneer advocates who have long since passed away. The completion of the Ohio Canal about the year 1827, and the subsequent junction at Akron of the Pennsylvania and Ohio Canal brought the town of Akron into great prominence, as there were practically no railroads at that time in the state, and the opening of these canals, opened water-ways for the transportation of produce to the cities of Cleveland, Pittsburg and Cincinnati. Quite a number of lawyers came to Akron who had previously located at Ravenna, and among the earliest lawyers of that time may be mentioned Gregory Powers, Rufus P. Spaulding, Seneca and Alvin Hand, John C. Singletery, Van It Humphrey, David K. Carter, George Bliss and others, who came in later years. Later on the General Assembly of this state enacted a law, authorizing suits against water craft by name, and as the canal was then in full tide of prosperity, and there being a constant procession of boats in use, a large amount of litigation in the way of collections, damage suits and otherwise resulted, and this class of business occupied a considerable portion of the time of the court. In those earlier years, following the erection of the Court House, there Were comparatively few divorce cases and very few cases for the recovery of damages for personal injury. And the amounts involved in suits, compared with the present time, were exceedingly small. But the records of the court will show that the cases that were brought into court were generally tried by the court or jury, and they will also show that the cases were, without regard to the amount involved, carefully prepared and thoroughly and ably tried. There were then, as now, generally three terms of court during the year, but these terms rarely lasted longer than two or three weeks at the outside, and during this time the business was generally fully disposed of. Unlike the present time, when the court convened, on the first day of the term, the lawyers of the town vacated their offices and attended the court. They were on hand and present at the trial of each case, so that practically all the members of the bar heard the testimony and arguments of counsel in each case. And during the term of court there was generally a full audience, not only the members of the bar, but bystanders and people who came in to hear. The large court room in the present old Court House, was none too large to accommodate the people who were almost uni- 262 - HISTORY OF SUMMIT COUNTY formly present during the entire term of court. The lawyers were given ample time for the trial of their cases. They were rarely, if ever, limited as to the time for argument as to the court or jury. It is needless to say that rare ability and the most persuasive eloquence was frequently displayed in the trial of cases. All this has greatly changed in recent years, so that appeals to the passions and prejudices of men are rarely permitted at the present time, and so valuable is the time of the court and so practical in business, that concise, clear and business-like statements have taken the place of the oratory and eloquent addresses of the lawyers of former years. RUFUS P. SPAULDING, among the earlier lawyers, was conspicuous for his efforts as a member of the General Assembly in securing the passage of the act creating Summit County. He was foremost in the effort to make Akron a county seat, Cuyahoga Falls being at the time a very strong competitor for the location. Judge Spaulding was indeed an ornament to the bar and an example to imitate. He was dignified and courteous in his deportment, a logical and forcible debater, and he was deeply learned in law. He was a graduate of Yale College, and in later years of life he became a judge of the Supreme Court in the State of Ohio. He was, however, strongly inclined to a political life, and his interest in politics brought about his election as a member of Congress to represent the Cleveland District, of which Summit County was then a part. He served in Congress with rare distinction during the period of the Civil War. Another lawyer of great distinction was GENERAL LUCIUS V. BIERCE. He practiced law a great many years. He came to Akron about the year 1836 and died in 1864, and during that time he was engaged in perhaps as many suits in the courts of this county and Portage as any other lawyer of that time. He was very skillful. Among his partners during that time was Charles G. Ladd, and subsequently Alvin C. Voris. General Bierce was very efficient in aiding the government during the Civil War; he raised several companies of men for the military and naval service. He was elected to repro-sent Portage and Summit Counties in the Ohio Senate, and made an enviable record as a Senator. And in later years, towards the close of life, he was elected mayor of the city of Akron. He was an able and vigorous writer, arid in the intervals of his large legal practice he prepared a number of lectures, which he delivered in various parts of the country. But above all General Bierce was a large practitioner, and very successful in his business. VAN R. HUMPHREY was one of the old time judges and lawyers. He was presiding judge and held court in Ravenna, Akron being then a part of that jurisdiction. He was a very portly man, 'affable and genial. He was skilled in the old common law practice, and when the civil code went into effect in 1851, all those old common law forms were abolished and Judge Humphrey never could reconcile himself to the new modes of practice, and constantly made war upon the new proceeding. He was a very able lawyer and continued in practice up to the date of his death, which occurred at Hudson, in Summit County. He was effective, both before the court upon questions of law and in arguing cases to the jury. GEORGE BLISS was a native of Vermont. He was educated at Granville College and came to Akron in 1832 and studied law with Hon. D. K. Carter. He practiced law in Summit County, and was appointed in 1851 president judge of the Court of Common Pleas in this county, succeeding Benjamin F. Wade. He held this position which he filled with distinguished -ability, until the taking effect of the new Constitution in 1852. He was elected a member of Congress, from this district in 1854, and subsequently be removed to Wooster, in Wayne County, where AND REPRESENTATIVE CITIZENS - 263 he practiced law in partnership with the Hon. John McSwaney. It is safe to say that Judge Bliss had few equals and no superiors as a lawyer. He was learned in the law and his logic was most profound. His command of language was such that his extempore arguments to the court or jury would read like a page of Junius. His eloquence was of the Websterian type, profound and convincing, while in the art of examining and cross-examining witnesses he has never been excelled. He married kite in life, and at his death a wife and five children survived him. He was a most companionable man, very witty and interesting. He never lost his temper, but exercised complete self-control. He took an active part. in politics, and achieved a national reputation as one of the leading statesmen of the country. He was one of the leading counsel in the case of Ohio against James Parks, which was the first. and perhaps the mast important murder trial ever tried in Summit County. JAMES S. CARPENTER was a very prominent lawyer, born in New Hampshire in 1805. Moved with his parents to Pottsdam, New York, and was educated at the St. Law-; rence Academy at Pottsdam. In June, 1832, he came to Ohio and removed to Medina, in Medina County, in 1835, where he edited a 'newspaper called the Constitutionalist. He was elected to the Legislature of the State in the fall of 1R39. He was a strong anti-slavery man and advocated in his papers as well as in his addresses the rights of the colored people of Ohio. He moved to Akron in 1846 and practiced law at Akron for many years. He occupied the Common Pleas Bench from 1853 to 1861. Judge Carpenter was of English ancestry, and in his example and by precept he represented the extreme type of Puritan morality and uprightness. He was very highly educated as a judge, lawyer and citizen. His wife and three children _survived him. COLONEL WILBUR F. SAUNDERS was born in Lorn, New York, May 2, 1834, and he came to Akron in 1854. He taught in the high school of Akron for a year or two, after coming to Ohio, and during the time studied law in the office of his uncle, Hon. Sidney Edgerton, and was admitted to the bar in 1876. On the breaking out of the Civil War in 1861, he enlisted in the army and was elected a lieutenant in Company G, Sixty-fourth Ohio Volunteer Infantry. He remained in service until 1863. He commenced the practice of law in Akron with his uncle, Sidney Edgerton, and his rise in the profession was rapid. He was a very fluent speaker, and was especially prominent in political discussions. He accompanied his uncle, Sidney Edgerton, to the territory of Idaho and to Bennock City; this was in 1884. Society in this. portion of the west at that time was in a very chaotic condition. There was but little security for life or property, through the regular legal channels. Murders, robberies and crimes of all kinds were of such frequent occurrence that the people of this portion of the territory, for their protection, organized themselves into a body, called "Vigilantes." Colonel Saunders was very prominent, in this organization, and fifty or more outlaws and desperadoes were hung under the orders of this court.. It was a very speedy and effective measure of justice, but it made honest men and it was not long before law and order prevailed. Colonel Saunders was appointed United States attorney by President Grant, and he became also a member of the Territorial Legislature, and in 1890 was elected United States Senator from the newly organized State of Montana. At the expiration of his term he returned to the practice of the law in the city of Helena, Montana, where he lived until his death. CHRISTOPHER PARSONS WOLCOTT came from Connecticut, was born in 1825, and with his parents removed to Steubenville, Ohio. He graduated at Jefferson College, Pennsylvania, and studied law with Tappin & Stanton in Steubenville. Upon his admission to the bar in 1843, he formed a partnership with General L. V. Bierce at Ravenna, 264 - HISTORY OF SUMMIT COUNTY Ohio, and in 1846 came to Akron, forming a partnership with William S. C. Otis, and after Mr. Otis removed to Cleveland, he became a partner of Judge William H. Upson. Upon the death of the Attorney General F. D. Kendel in 1856, Governor Chase appointed Mr. Wolcott to fill the vacancy, and he was subsequently elected. His services as Attorney General were particularly notable. During that time there occurred a heavy defalcation in the State Treasury and this brought on a number of very important State trials, in which Mr. Wolcott took a very prominent part, and perhaps the most important case that occurred was the case of ex parte Bushnell, sometimes called the "Oberlin rescue cases." It grew out of the attempt to enforce the fugitive slave law by carrying back fugitive slaves to the State of Kentucky. The people of Oberlin resisted the enforcement of this law; indeed public opinion in the North was strongly against this enforcement, and a number of citizens of Oberlin were arrested for resisting the enforcement of this law, and the case came up in the Supreme Court of Ohio on application for a writ in Habeas corpus, in behalf of the persons who had been arrested. The main question was over the constitutionality of the Fugitive Slave law. Mr. Wolcott's argument on this occasion was a most masterly effort. The decision of the court was against him, but they did Mr. Wolcott the honor of having his argument in full, printed in the volume of the Ohio Reports. Mr. Wolcott was strictly a lawyer; he gave law his whole attention, even at the expense of his social duties. His arguments were solid, logical and convincing. He never indulged in matters of sentiment, or appealed to the emotions or passions. lie relied simply upon his logical processes and reasoning. Mr. Wolcott 'was one of the leaders of the Summit County bar. Soon after the breaking out of the Civil War, he was appointed by his brother-in-law, Edwin M. Stanton, assistant secretary of war. He entered upon the discharge of these important duties with energy and skill, taxing himself to such an extent that his health broke down, and he died in the city of Akron shortly after his from that position. SAMUEL W.. McCLURE was born Cheshire County, New Hampshire, No ber, 1812. In 1828 he came to County, Ohio, and taught school at Al for a period of two years. He then atte Allegheny College, Pennsylvania, where graduated. At that time he intended bee ing a minister of the Gospel. He taught th academy at Ashland, in Ashland County, for two years, and while so engaged studied law in the offices of Silas Robbins and hid Charles Sherman; during the time he edited the Ashland Phoenix. He subsequently returned to Medina and became the editor of the Constitutionalist, and during that time also entered into a law partnership with Judge Carpenter. He removed to Cuyahoga Falls in Summit County, about the year 1843, and practiced law at that place with great success, until he removed to Akron, about 1865, where he practiced his profession in partner. ship with the late Edward Oviatt. Judge McClure held the office of prosecuting attorney in Summit County, and was elected a member of the General Assembly of the State in 1848, and he was subsequently elected a judge of the Court of Common Pleas for the districts of Summit, Medina and Lorain Counties, which office he held for one term. Judge McClure was a very able lawyer, and by his constant attention to business and his skill and energy, he acquired a large practice and was very successful, especially in the trial of jury cases. While Judge McClure lived at Cuyahoga Falls, he entered into a partnership with Hon. Henry McKinney, who still lives in the city of Cleveland. MR. McKINNEY was elected prosecuting attorney of Summit County, which office he filled with great success, and was also elected a Senator from this district. He removed to Cleveland in about 1880, where he was elected a judge of the Court of Common Pleas and held the office for one term. It is no more than just to say that Judge McKinney had AND REPRESENTATIVE CITIZENS - 265 few equals as a trial lawyer. He was especially strong in the trial of jury cases, and his preparation for trial, both as to law of the case and the facts involved, was complete in every particular. He was a man of large sympathies and most generous impulses. HON. SIDNEY EDGERTON, formerly one of Ohio’s distinguished citizens, who from 1852 until 1865 served his city, State and country, in positions of honor and great responsibility, was born at Cazenovia, New York, August 17, 1818. His father, a teacher by profession, was afflicted by blindness during his later life, dying when Sidney was six. months old. Mrs. Edgerton, left in straitened circumstances, could support her family for a few years only, and the boy was forced into the world at the ago of eight to battle for himself. After attending the district school for the usual period, he began at the age of seventeen to teach school, soon earning enough to enable him to enter Wesley Seminary, at Lima, New York, where he was subsequently engaged as a teacher. In the spring of 1844 he came to Akron, making the journey by water. The day after his arrival he entered the office of Judge Rufus P. Spalding, for the study of law, and during the following winter he taught in the Tallmadge Academy. 'In 1846 he was graduated from the Cincinnati Law School and admitted to the bar in that city and immediately opened an office at Akron. He soon became identified with public affairs, and in 1848 was a delegate to the convention which resulted in the formation of the Free Soil Party. In 1852 he secured election as prosecuting attorney of Summit County, in which office he served for four years. In 1858 came his election to Congress, followed by his re-election in 1860. His record as a statesman was such that in 1863 he was appointed by President Lincoln to the office of chief justice of Idaho. It was Mr. Edgerton who prepared the bill for the organization of the territory of Montana, and who went to Washington and presented it to Congress, making the long journey partly by stage and horseback through a country then almost entirely unsettled. President Lincoln recognized the value of his services by appointing him governor of the Territory of Montana, an office he held until a more perfect organization was effected, and the way paved for further legislation and the opening up of that rich region to settlement. Mr. Edgerton then resigned his office and in January, 1866, resumed the practice of his profession at Akron, where he continued a resident during the rest of his life, which terminated July 19, 1900. On May 18, 1849, Mr. Edgerton was married to Mary Wright, of Tallmadge, Ohio, and they became the parents of nine children. Mrs. Edgerton died August 3, 1883. Four of their children survive, namely : Martha E. Plassmann, residing at Missoula, Montana; Mary Pauline Edgerton, of Akron ; Lucia Idaho Buckingham, wife of George E. Buckingham, of Akron, Ohio; Nina E. Whitman, wife of Captain W. M. Whitman, U. S. A., now stationed at Fort Riley, Kansas. Those deceased are: Wright' Prescott Edgerton, professor of mathematics at the West Point Military Academy, at the time of his death, June 24, 1904 ; Sidney Carter Edgerton, died November 29, 1895; Francis Lowell Edgerton, died October 2, 1861; Lucy Ione Edgerton, died May 10, 1906. Sidney Edgerton was a man of stanch moral courage, wonderfully proven in the anti-slavery struggle, and in the formative period of the New West. He was gifted with a marvelous memory, his reading broad, yet discriminating. In his .profession of law he gained distinction, and was particularly renowned as a jury lawyer. He had a keen sense of humor, and possessed an inexhaustible supply of anecdotes. He was an ardent champion and a fervent hater, and his whole life was a struggle for the upbuilding of right and justice. HON. NATHANIEL W. GOODHUE, formerly judge of the Probate Court of Summit County, was one of the county,s most prominent and useful men in his day and genera- 266 - HISTORY OF SUMMIT COUNTY tion. He was born in Lincoln County, Maine, December 20, 1818, in childhood accompanying his parents to Lower Canada, where he lived until the age of seventeen years. In 1837 N. W. Goodhue moved to Wayne County, Ohio. At that time there were fewer• avenues of labor promising satisfactory emoluments than at present. He was ambitious and turned his eyes in the direction of the law even while spending his summers in peddling notions and general merchandise through the country and his winters in teaching school, which occupied his time for several years. In 1846 he studied law in the office of Hand & Nash, at Middlebury, having come to Summit County as a teacher, and in 1846 and 1847 was fortunate enough to secure the position of engrossing clerk in the House of Representatives, at Columbus. In the latter year he was admitted to the bar, in 1848 he was elected auditor of Summit County and was re-elected in 1850, filling the office for four years. In 1856 he was appointed canal collector, serving for two years, and was collector of internal revenue for Summit County, from September, 1832, until September, 1866. He hod always been active in the Republican party since its formation, and in 1873 he was elected by this organization State Senator from Summit and Portage Counties, serving two years. In 1880, he was Republican elector for the Eighteenth Congressional District and president of the Ohio Electoral College. In 0-- tober, 1881, he was elected judge of the Probate Court of Summit County, this being his last public honor. On the bench he gave entire satisfaction and occupied this honorable position until his death, which occurred September 12, 1883. In his many official capacities he had always acquitted himself with credit. Judge Goodhue was married December 20, 1841, to Nancy Johnston, who was born in Green Township, Summit County and they had four children, namely: James P., who died in infancy; Allan J., now residing at Chicago, Illinois, who served as a'member of the 104th Regiment, Ohio Volunteer Infantry, during the Civil War; Mary H., now deceased, who was the wife of Rev. Samuel Maxwell, a clergyman of the Protestant Episcopal Church; and Nathaniel P., ex-clerk of the Summit County Court. The last named is a prominent business citizen of Akron, interested in many of her successful enterprises, and is treasurer of the Bruner, Goodhue,. Cooke Company and president of the Akron Laundry Company. He resides at No. 140 Adolph Avenue. CONSTANT BRYAN. Judge Constant Bryan was another of the old time lawyers. He was born in the State of New York in 1809. Read law and graduated from the law department of Yale College in 1833 and was admitted. to the bar in 1834. He was elected Probate Judge for Summit County in 1852. He took a great interest in the cause of education and was a member of the School Board. Judge Bryan was a very dignified, quiet gentleman. He had no taste for the hurly-burly of a Court trial; he preferred rather the quiet of an office practice, and the business part of the legal profession. He was a man of proved integrity and 'was very highly respected: CHARLES B. BERNARD was a son of Rev. David Bernard, a former Baptist clergyman in Akron. Mr. Bernard was born in New York, and came to Akron in 1846, where he taught school and later entered the office of the county auditor. Six years later he was elected auditor and served four years. During this time he studied law and was admitted to the bar, and became a member of the firm of Wolcott, Upson & Bernard. He was a member of the Board of Education. During the Civil War he was made adjutant of the One Hundred and Sixty-fourth Ohio Regiment, Ohio National Guard. Mr. Bernard was a splendid specimen of physical manhood and was prominent in public affairs. His probity no one ever doubted, and his character was the very highest. As a business lawyer, or rather a lawyer for office practice, he had no superiors. AND REPRESENTATIVE CITIZENS - 267 CALVIN PEASE HUMPHREY, son of Van R. Humphrey, was born at Hudson, Ohio, in 1840. He graduated at Western Reserve College in 1863, and was soon after admitted to the bar. He served for a time in the Civil War. After the close of the war Mr. Humphrey commenced the practice of his profession at Cuyahoga Falls, later coming to Akron, where he entered into a partnership with Judge E. W. Stuart. Mr. Humphrey made a specialty of patent laws and he became a very successful and efficient attorney in that department. He was a clever lawyer as well as a skillful mechanic. E. P. GREEN. Judge Edwin P. Green was born in Windsor County, Vermont, March 10, 1828. He was educated at Bradford Academy, and commenced the study of law in Littleton, New Hampshire. Coming to Akron in 1852, he entered the office of Humphrey & Edgerton, and was admitted to the bar in 1853. He was elected clerk of the court in October, 1854, and at the close of his term he resumed his law practice, and he was elected Judge of the Common Pleas Court, which office he held for five years. Judge Green was president of the Ohio Bar Association in 1878. He was a very careful lawyer; he was not an advocate in any sense of the term, but he was learned in the law and was a prudent judicial advisor. His decisions as judge of the Common Pleas Court were very able, and his judgments were very rarely reversed by the higher courts. Judge Green was prominent in educational matters, he was a great reader and possessed a splendid and well selected library of books. He was a member of the Akron Public Library Association, and was one of the corporators and trustees of Buchtel College. ROLIN W. SADLER was born in St. Joseph County, Michigan, in 1856. His father was a school teacher by profession. Mr. Sadler entered Baldwin University and later went to Mt. Union College, where he graduated in 1871. He then engaged in teaching, first as principal of the High School at Reading, Michigan, and then at Bedford, Summit County, Ohio. In 1876 he entered the law office of Edgerton and Kohler, and was admitted to the bar in 1876. He was for several years in partnership with Mr. Kohler and later he became a partner in the firm of Marvin, Sadler & Atterholt. Mr. Sadler was one of tie younger members of the bar, but from the very start of his profession he exhibited those qualities which brought him to the front of the profession, and he very soon became one of the best equipped lawyers of the Summit County bar. He had a thorough education and his 'mind readily grasped the most intricate leading questions and solved them with intuitive ease and clearness. He was also an influential, persuasive and eloquent speaker. He met with an accident in the city of Akron which cost him his life, and had he lived there is no doubt that he would have achieved a national reputation as a great lawyer and advocate. In his practice and in the trial of cases he was, in the boa sense of the term, a gentleman, and made it clear that one can be a perfect gentleman, kind and courteous, and at the same time a most effective trial lawyer. FRANK M. ATTERHOLT was born in 1848 near New Lisbon, Ohio. He was educated at New Lisbon High School and at. Mt. Union College, graduating at the latter institution in 1870. He was a prominent teacher for several years and became editor of the Columbiana Register. He came to Akron in 1879 and read law with Upson, Ford and Baird. Was admitted to the bar in the Supreme Court at Columbus, and later became a partner of Judge Marvin in the law practice. Mr. Atterholt was a member of the Board of Education, member of the Board of School Examiners and trustee of Mt. Union College. Mr. Atterholt gave the latter years of his life almost exclusively to business affairs, being largely interested in a number of corporations and in organizing others. He was a prominent member of the Methodist Church in the city of Akron. He died at Akron after a long and painful illness. 268 - HISTORY OF SUMMIT COUNTY DAVID LESLIE MARVIN, son of Ulysses L. Marvin, was born at Kent, Ohio, in 1862. He was educated in the Akron public schools and at Kenyon College, Gambier. He was elected assistant engineer of the board of Public Works of Ohio, and was re-elected in 1888 and 1890. During this time he read law, and was admitted to the bar in December, 1889. Coming to Akron he began the practice of his profession, as a member of the law firm of Marvin, Atterholt, Slabaugh & Marvin. Mr. Marvin was a bright, capable and genial young man, and gave promise of success in his profession. His untimely death was mourned by all who had enjoyed the pleasure of his acquaintance. HENRY WARD INGERSOLL was born in Richfield, October 23, 1833. He moved with his family to Hudson. He was graduated at the Western Reserve College in 1857, and studied law in the office of Judge Van R. Humphrey, and was admitted to the bar by the Supreme Court at Columbus, March 9, 1859. Upon the breaking out of the Civil War he enlisted in the Second Ohio Cavalry Regimental Band, serving in the division of General Blont in the Western campaign. He was commissioned by Governor Tod as Captain in the 124th Ohio Volunteer Infantry. In 1864, at 'the call of Governor Brough, he served one hundred days in defense of the National Capital as a member of the 164th Ohio National Guard. Mr. Ingersoll was an indefatigable worker, energetic and painstaking. He was a man of high character and was highly educated. In addition to his attainments as a lawyer he was a fine musician ; he had a splendid voice, which was highly cultivated. WILLIAM M. DODGE deserves honorable mention among the earlier lawyers of Summit County. He was born in 1805, in New York, where he studied law with Judge Wheeler. After his admission to the bar, he came to Middlebury, which was then the chief town in Summit County. He was elected prosecuting attorney of the new county, being the first one to hold that office in the new jurisdiction ; he was re-elected and held the office two years. He was one of the leading advocates and workers for the famous Akron School Law, and became a member of the first board of education in the city of Akron. In 1860 Mr. Dodge was elected probate judge of Summit County, and this office he held until his death, July 21, 1861. He was fifty-six years of age at the time of his death. EDWARD OVIATT was another of Summit County,s earlier lawyers. He was born in Hudson Township in 1822. He attended school at the Richfield Academy, where the family lived, and later at Granville Institute and Western Reserve College. He prepared for admission to the bar in Akron in the office of Hon. D. K. Carter, and he was admitted to the bar at Medina in 1844. He was engaged in practice for a number of years until about 1865, when he became partner of Hon. Samuel W. McClure, and after the dissolution of that firm Mr. Oviatt continued his professional practice with his son-in-low, George G. Ellen, Esq.; later Mr. Charles Cobbs was admitted to the firm. Mr. Oviatt held the office of prosecuting attorney of Summit County, to which he was elected by the people, and during the Civil War he served in a hundred day service as a member of the 164th Regiment, Ohio National Guard. Mr. Oviatt was a patriotic, public-spirited citizen and a most painstaking, conscientious lawyer. He was frequently selected and instructed with the settlement of estates in which he was very prompt and thorough. ROLLAND O. HAMMOND was another of the old lawyers long since passed away. He was born in 1826 in the township of Bath. He was educated at Oberlin College and also attended Western Reserve College. He prepared for the business of his profession in the office of Judge Carpenter and McClure and was admitted to the bar in Painesville in 1850. He held the office of probate judge, under appointment from Governor Reuben Wood. He made a very excellent officer, and, upon the AND REPRESENTATIVE CITIZENS - 269 election of James Buchanan as President, he was appointed postmaster of the city of Akron, which office he held for four years. Mr. Hammond was an excellent trial lawyer. He was a man of high tastes and culture, and was a fine writer as well as a persuasive and eloquent orator. HON. ULYSSES L. MARVIN was born in Stow, in 1839. He was educated in the district schools and Twinsburg Institute, and for a time engaged in teaching the common schools. In 1858 he entered the law office of H. B. Foster in Hudson, and then he came to Akron and entered the law office of Hon. Sidney Edgerton, and was admitted to the bar in 1860. In 1862 he enlisted as a private in the 115th Regiment, Ohio Volunteer Infantry, and later he became first lieutenant of the Fifth United States Colored Regiment. He was promoted to captain during the Siege of Richmond in 1869. Judge Marvin was elected probate judge of Summit County, serving six years and was appointed Common Pleas Judge by Governor Foster in place of Judge Tibbals, serving until the following October: He was later elected a judge of the Circuit Court for Cuyahoga, Summit, Lorain and Medina District and is still serving as a judge of that court, having been nominated for a third term. GEORGE C. KOHLER was born at Akron June 26, 1869. He attended the High School in Akron and Buchtel College, and in 1885 went to Williston Seminary, East Hampton, Massachusetts, graduating there three years later. He then went to Yale College and graduated from that University, returning to Akron and entered upon the study of law in the office of Kohler & Musser, and was later admitted to the bar by the Supreme Court at Columbus. He was a member of the Board of School Examiners in the city of Akron for several years and was appointed by the Supreme Court a member of the board of the examination of applicants for the admission to the bar. He became a member of the law firm of Musser, Kohler & Mottinger, and is now a member of the firm of Kohler, Kohler & Mottinger, attorneys, of Akron, Ohio. HENRY W. HOWE, son of Captain Richard Howe, was born in Bath, 1828. He came to Akron with his parents and was educated in the Akron public schools, and 'afterwards attended the Oberlin College, where he graduated in 1849. He read law with James S. Carpenter and became his partner and practiced with him, until the judge,s election to the bench in 1856. Mr. Howe was a member of the Akron Board of Education. For many years last past Mr. Howe has devoted his entire time to agricultural matters, living upon his 'farm in Northampton Township He is a prominent member of the Grange, and is a ̊Rise and careful student of important questions, and has largely directed his attention, his writing and addresses to the subject of agriculture. LORENZO DOW WATERS was born in Carroll County, Ohio, 1855, .and when four- teen years of age, came to Akron with his parents. He attended the public schools here until 1872, at which time he entered Buchtel College, where he studied for three years. In 1877 he became a student in the office of John J. Hall, Esq., and upon his admission to the bar in 1879, became a partner of Mr. Hall, by the firm 'name of Hall and Waters. Mr. Waters was mayor of the city of Akron, 1883 to 1885, and was re-elected, serving in all four years. At the end of his term Mr. Waters then resumed his practice of law on his own account. He was popular as an office holder, and his discharge of the duties of mayor were highly satisfactory. HON. CHARLES DICK was born in Akron November 3, 1858, and was educated in the Akron schools. Mr. Dick marked out for himself a business life, and commenced as clerk in a hat store. He then became bookkeeper for the Citizens, Savings and Loan Association. Later he was chief bookkeeper for the Empire Reaper and Mower Company. In 1881 he formed a partnership with Lucius C. 270 - HISTORY OF SUMMIT COUNTY Miles, under the name of Dick & Miles, in a general grain and commission business. Mr. Dick was elected auditor of Summit County in 1886 and was re-elected in 1889. This office he filled with great credit to himself, and made many friends by his prompt and agreeable manner in doing business. About this time Mr. Dick took a prominent part in the politics of Summit County; he became chairman of the Republican Executive Committee, and so efficient was he in the performance of his duties that he became a member and chairman of the State Executive Committee. He has held that office for a number of years, successfully carrying the Republican party to victory in this state in many successive campaigns. He was one of the close friends of William McKinley, as well as of Mark Hanna. Upon the death of Mark Hanna, Mr. Dick was elected United States Senator, which office he now holds, and the duties of which he has performed to the satisfaction of has constituents and with great credit to himself. ARTHUR S. MOTTINGER, born at Inland, Green Township, Summit County, Ohio, May 14, 1873. He attended the district school and completed a course at Uniontown High School, graduating in 1892. He then taught in district and village school at Summit, Ohio, for several years, entering Hiram College in the fall of 1895, and graduating from that institution in 1899, having completed the collegiate course, including one year of legal, work. October 29, 1899, he came to Akron and took up the study of law with the firm of Musser & Kohler. He was admitted to the bar in the January term of 1901, and remained in the employ of Musser & Kohler until January, 1905, when he was taken into the firm of Musser & Kohler, the firm being Musser, Kohler & Mottinger. In June, 1906, this firm was dissolved, Mr. Musser retiring from the firm, and Judge J. A. Kohler taking his place, since which time the firm has been known as Kohler, Kohler & Mottinger. Mr. Mottinger was married August 9, 1903, to Cassie M. Lawyer, of Burton, Ohio. F. J. ROCKWELL, attorney-at-law, Akron was born in Akron, Ohio, February 19, 1878, and has always resided in this city. His literary education was acquired in the public schools, including the High School, from which he was graduated in 1895, and at Buchtel College, where he was graduated in 1899. He studied law with the firms of Atterholt & Marvin, Rowley & Bradley, and Rogers, Rowley & Bradley, and was admitted to the bar in 1902. He immediately entered into partnership with Messrs. Rogers, Rowley and Bradley, and is now a member of the successful law firm of Rogers, Rowley & Rockwell. ERNEST C. HOUSEL, son of Martin J. and Amanda C. Housel, was born in Middlebury (now East Akron), Summit County, Ohio, August 18, 1868. He attended the Akron public schools, read law in the office of John J. Holland, and was admitted to the bar, October 3, 1889, since which time he has been engaged in the practice of law in the city of Akron. He was elected justice of the peace in Akron Township in the spring of 1891, and served in that capacity for the term of three years. He was a member of the Akron Board of Education from 1902 to 1905. He was appointed a director of public safety for Akron, in January, 1906, to serve for the term of four years. Mr. Housel was married, December 28, 1892, to Emma E., daughter of Robert. and Jane Caine, and has one daughter, Elinore E. CHARLES BAIRD, a well known attor ney of Akron, was born in this city March 25, 1853, a son of Robert and Helen Baird. His father was a native of Scotland, born in Kincardineshire, in 1818, who came in 1843 to America, settling in- Akron, where he followed the trade of blacksmith for many years. He was a strong anti-slavery man and freesoiler, and later one of the most faithful adherents of the Republican party. He was married in Akron to Helen Knox Moir, a native of Forfarshire, Scotland, and daughter of Charles and Mary (Gordan) Moir. She AND REPRESENTATIVE CITIZENS - 271 died in Akron in February, 1891., at the age of seventy-one years. They were the parents of live children—William, Isabel, Charles, Mary and Holen. Charles Baird acquired his elementary education in the common schools, being later graduated from the Akron High School. He then spent a year in classical study at Buchtel College, after which he entered the law office of Upson & Ford, under whose mentorship he studied closely until his admission to the bar, November 2, 1875. He then entered into partnership with Judge Upson, under the firm namo of Upson & Baird. Mr. Ford entering the firm in 1877, its style became Upson, Ford & Baird, and it was so continued until March, 1883, when Mr. Upson was called to the Supreme Bench of -Ohio: The firm was then dissolved and Mr. Baird practiced alone until 1891, at which time he formed a partnership with Edwin F. Voris, under the firm name of Baird & Voris, which connection lastod until Juno, 1895. Mr. Baird now has a-large and lucrative law practice and gives special attention to corporation law, in which branch of his profession he has been very successful. Mr. Baird has taken an active part in the organization and development of some of Akron,s important industries. He was one of the incorporators of the Portage Straw Board Company, and also one of its directors, until it was consolidated with the American Straw Board Company. He also assisted, in 1880-81, in the organization of the Diamond Match Company, and was one of the incorporators of the Goodrich Hard Rubber Company, in which he has also teen interested as a director and stockholder. He has taken a prominent part in the organization and development of the town of Barberton, and is interested as an officer, director, or stockholder, in various other important enterprises, both local and foreign. He has also been concerned as administrator or executor in the administration of several. of the largest estates ever administered in Summit County, notably the Commins estate, in 1888, and that of Thomas W. Cornell, of which he was appointed one of the executors in 1892. As an attorney Mr. Baird practices in the courts of Illinois, Indiana, Michigan, Pennsylvania, Connecticut, New York and Ohio, and also in the federal courts. Mr. Baird was married, February 10, 1882, to Miss Lucy Allen Voris, a daughter of General A. C. Voris, of Akron, of which union there have been born children as fellows: Al- vin Voris, December 3, 1882; Helen Elizabeth, August 30, 1884; Betsey Coe, June 11, 1.886; Charles, October 15, 1888; and Katharine, November 19, 1890. JAMES MADISON POULSON was born March 27, 1842, near Holmesville, Holmes County, Ohio. In his boyhood he attended the district schools and was early trained to 'agricultural work. For several years before attaining his majority he taught Winter school, working on a farm during the summers. Ile supplemented his education by attending a private school in Fredericksburg for several terms, and, after studying for a year in Hayesville Academy, he entered, in 1865, Princeton, New Jersey, College, from which he was graduated in June, 1868. In the same year he became a student at the Columbia College Law School at New York, and was graduated therefrom in May, 1870. On May 12, 1869, he was admitted to the bar in New York city, on examination. In August, 1870, he came to Akron, and was admitted to the bar of Summit County on September 9th following. He soon after entered into partnership with Mr. John J. Hall, which was continued until January 1, 1877. He was elected on the Democratic ticket prosecuting attorney for Summit County in October, 1874, and efficiently performed the duties of that office for two years—from January 1, 1875, to January 1, 1877. He has since been engaged in the general practice of his profession and has been very successful. Mr. Poulson was married September 28, 1875, to Miss Helen F. Smagg, only daughter of William Smagg, of Akron. 272 - HISTORY OF SUMMIT COUNTY MATTHEW CANFIELD READ was born August 21, 1823, in Williamsfield, Ashtabula County, Ohio. When he was about twelve years old his parents removed to Mecca, Trumbull County, where he attended the district schools, working a part of the time on a farm. Resolved to secure a better education, he attended successively the Western Reserve Seminary, at Farmington, and the Grand River Institute, at Austinburg, and then, in 1844, entered the Western Reserve College. From this institution he was graduated in 1848, afterwards receiving from it the degree of A. M. He taught school for a while, and began the study of law under Chaffee A. Woodbury, at Jefferson. On the close of his law studies he became editor of the Hudson Family Visitor, and about the same time he taught for a year in the grammar school of Western Reserve College. After this he practiced law for a while in Hudson. During the Civil War he was employed as general agent of the Western Department of the United States Sanitary Commission, and at its close became deputy revenue collector. He then obtained the congenial position of geologist on the Geological Survey of Ohio. For several years he was lecturer on zoology and practical geology in the Western Reserve College, and he had charge of the archeological exhibits of Ohio at the Centennial Expositions at Philadelphia and New Orleans. He has also spent some time in the investigation of mineral lands for private parties. Mr. Read has served in the local offices of township clerk, justice of the peace, mayor, etc., in all proving an efficient public servant. HON. WILLIAM H. UPSON, now living retired at Akron, after a long and distinguished public life, was born January 11, 1823, in Franklin County, Ohio. In 1832 he removed with his parents to Tallmadge, Summit County. At an early age he displayed the native ability which in later life contributed to his professional success, for he was but nineteen years old when he was graduated from the Western Reserve College. He then read law with Judge Reuben Hitchcock, at Painesville, afterwards spending one year in the law department of Yale College. In September, 1845, he was admitted to the bar, and in January of the following year entered upon the practice of his profession at Akron. For many years he was in partnership with Hon. Sidney Edgerton and Christopher P. Wolcott, and stood at the head of his profession in Summit County. He was elected the first president of the Summit County Bar Association, and was a member of the Executive Committee of the State Bar Association. In March, 1883, Mr. Upson was appointed by Governor Foster, judge of the Supreme Court of Ohio, and served until December. In 1884 he was elected judge of the Circuit Court, and in 1886 was re-elected for the full term of six. years. Judge Upson has always been a stanch supporter of the Republican party, and for years stood very near to the head of the organization in the state. His first public office was that of prosecuting attorney, in which he served Summit County from 1848 to 1850. He was a member of Ohio State Senate, 1854-5. In 1868 he was elected to Congress from the Eighteenth District, serving until 1873. His party delighted to honor him, and in 1864 he was sent as a delegate to the Republican National Convention, which renominated Abraham Lincoln. He was also a delegate, at-large to the convention which nominated Rutherford B. Hayes, in 1876. From Judge Upson’s return to private life until his retirement from the practice of his profession he took a conspicuous part in everything pertaining to the development of Akron and Summit County. For many years he has been a trustee of the Western Reserve College, Oberlin College and the Lake Erie Female Seminary. On May 20, 1856, Judge Upson was married to Julia Ford, a daughter of Hon. James P. and Julia A. (Tod) Ford, of Akron, whose family consisted of seven children. Mrs. Up-son's father was born in New York state, January 28, 1797, and in early manhood became