752 - HISTORY OF ADAMS COUNTY lived on, the Buckeye Station farm for nine years. He then conducted a store at Soldier's Run for two years. From 1878 to 1883, he was a merchant at Wrightsville. Since October, 1883, he has resided at Manchester. Our subject began the study of law in 1886, with Dudley B. Phillips in Manchester. In 1887 and 1888, he attended the Cincinnati Law School, and completed the course. On October 21, 1889, he was admitted to practice law. He opened an office in Manchester, where he has Since resided. In 189o, he was the Republican candidate for prosecuting attorney of the county, but was defeated by Cyrus F. Wikoff. In April, 1891, he formed a law partnership with his preceptor, Mr. Dudley B. Phillips. In the Fall of 1891, when Mr. Phillips was elected to the State Senate, Mr. Foster was elected Mayor of the village to fill the vacancy caused by Mr. Phillips' resignation to take the office of Senator. He was married. December 4, 1892, to Miss Grace Hundley, daughter of James P. Hundley. In 1894, he was elected Solicitor of the village of Manchester, and served one term. In 1900, he was elected Mayor of Manchester on a straight Republican ticket over an Independent Republican on a reform ticket, of which office he is the incumbent. Rev. Emile Grand-Girard was born at Hericourt. France, June 4, 1816. He was of Huguenot parentage. His ancestors, firm in the Protestant faith, fled to Switzerland at the time of the St. Bartholomew massacre in 1572. When about fourteen years of age, Mr. Grand-Girard went to Strasburg, where he pursued his studies under private instructors, preparatory to entering the Polytechnic School (one of the French Government Schools) of Applied Sciences.   He came with his family td the United States in 1833, landing in Cincinnati, Ohio. For a few years he followed his profession of architectural designer in Cincinnati, New Orleans, and other cities in the South.   On December 31, 1840, he was married to Miss Georgiana Herdman. at Bowling Green, Kentucky, who was descended from Francis McKarry, the first Presbyterian minister settled in the Colonies. From this marriage were born two sons and two daughters.   In 1844, Mr. Grand-Girard decided to enter the ministry and studied theology under Rev. Samuel Steel, D. D., of Hillsboro, Ohio. He was licensed in 1846 and ordained to the full work of the ministry the year following by the Presbytery of Chillicothe. He preached at different times to the French Church at Mowrystown, Marshall, Rocky Spring and Red Oak, preaching in the latter place in connection with Mowrystown for a little more than eleven years.   In 1866, he removed to Hillsboro, Ohio, where, rn connection, with his sister, Emilie L. Grand-Girard, he engaged in the management of the Highland Institute, a ladies seminary and boarding school. The institute was very successful, and from it were graduated large classes of you ladies who have since filled places of much usefulness in many homes an circles of society. In 1875, he became pastor of the Presbyterian Church of Kingston, Ohio, where he labored for six years.   BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCHES - 753   In 1881, he took charge. of the Presbyterian Church of Eckmansville, Adams County, where he remained until his decease in December, 1887, rounding out his active service of over forty-one years in the Gospel ministry. During the War of the Rebellion, Mr. Grand-Girard, having learned military tactics in the old country, drilled several companies for the Union Army. At the time of the Morgan Raid through Ohio, a regiment was made up from Brown and adjoining counties and Mr. Grand-Girard was appointed by the Governor, Colonel of the same.   He was a man of unblemished character. Firm in his adherence to the right as became a son of the Huguenots, he was at the same time, gentle and charitable. Possessed of all the grace and suavity of his native people, he was a perfect gentleman and most agreeable companion. He was an earnest preacher of the Gospel, a faithful and beloved pastor. He filled an honorable and useful place in the world and earned the reward of the loved and faithful.   H. Allen Gaskins,   of Manchester, Ohio, was born at Sardinia, Brown County, Ohio, January 19, 1857, the son of Dr. John and Mary (Woods) Gaskins, of Bentonville, Ohio. Thomas Gaskins, his grandfather, was a native of West Virginia, and when a young man, started "out West," coming down the river in a keel boat. He was taken suddenly ill and put ashore at Nine Mile, in Clermont County. On recovering his health, he became so favorably impressed with the neighborhood that he decided to stay. The chief attraction, however, was doubtless, Miss Phoebe Ward, whom he married. John Gaskins, their son and father of our subject, studied medicine and located at Sardinia, where he practiced his profession until 1859, when he removed to Youngsville, Adams County, where he remained until 1861, finally settling at Bentonville, where he continued the practice of medicine until recently, when he retired and went to his farm in Sprigg Township,   Our subject attended the Bentonville schools until the age of twenty-one. On March 14, 1877, he was married to Mary C. Roush, daughter of William Roush, of Sprigg Township. Their children are William, a graduate of the Manchester High School, Class of 1899, and Carrie and Aaron, all at home. Mr. Gaskins served as School Director in Bentonville for nine years, and has held the offices of Treasurer and Assessor in Sprigg Township. In politics, he is a Democrat, and has served as delegate to the State and County Conventions on several occasions. He is a member of the Knights of Phythias at Manchester, Ohio, of the Independent Order of Odd Fellows, No. 570, at West Union, and of No. 43, Free and Accepted Masons, of West Union. He united with the Christian Church at Union in 1887, and in 1893, began studying for the ministry. He was admitted to the Southern Ohio Christian Conference as a Licentiate minister in October, 1896, and was regularly ordained by the same Conference, March 25, 1899. At present he is pastor of the churches at Eagle Creek and Stout's. Run and is Vice-President of the Ministerial and Sabbath School Institute. Since 1897, he has given his entire attention to the ministry. He is an untiring student, and, by earnest application, has won for himself a place among the ablest men of the Southern Ohio Christian Conference, of which he is a member.   754 - HISTORY OF ADAMS COUNTY   James Taylor Gaston.   The origin of the name is French. In that language, it is properly spelled "Gastineau." The ancestors of our subject came from France and located in South Carolina. They were French Protestants or Huguenots. His father was James Gaston and his mother's maiden name was Margaret Patton, who was a daughter of Thomas Patton, a native of Rockbridge County, Virginia, though he emigrated to Ohio, settled on West Fork and died there. His grandfather Gaston was from Charleston, South Carolina. His grandmother Gaston was a McCreight, born in South Carolina. His paternal grandfather came to Ohio in 1800 on account of his antagonism to the institution of slavery. He settled, on a farm near Tranquility, now owned by our subject His grandfather, father, and himself were all members of the United Presbyterian Church of Tranquility, and he has lived near that place all his life. He went to the District schools until he went in the army. He enlisted in Company G, of the 129th Ohio Volunteer Infantry, at the age of eighteen, on the eighteenth of July, 1863, and served until the eighth of March, 1864.. On the fourth of February, 1865, he enlisted in Company K, of the 188th Ohio Volunteer Infantry, and was made a Corporal. He was mustered out in September, 1865. After the war, he attended the North Liberty Academy until 1867, and in the Fall of 1868, he engaged in the profession of school teaching and has followed that consecutively for twenty-eight years, having only given up the profession in 1896.   He was married on March 21, 1871, to Sarah Wallace. They have four sons: Roscoe, born in 1873, is principal of the schools at Donavan, Illinois ; Carey, born in 1875, a teacher in the- Weaver Academy at Media, Illinois ; John M., born in 1876, attending school at Danville, Illinois; and Homer, born in 1882, at home with his parents.   Mr. Gaston was clerk of his township for eight years and Township Trustee for three years. He was elected' Infirmary Director in 1867 and still holds that office. He is a man of the highest character and universally respected.   Erastus Monteith Gaston, M. D.,   of Tranquility; Ohio, was born November 10, 1849, at that place. His father's name was Daniel Gaston and his mother's maiden name was Mary Kirker Kane. His father was a Justice of the Peace of Scott Township from 1853 to 1865. The boyhood and youth of our subject was spent on his father's farm. He worked in Summer and studied in Winter. At the age of fourteen, he attended the North Liberty Academy under Dr: David McDill, for three years. He taught school one term and then began the study of medicine with David McBride, M. D., and continued with him for three years. He attended lectures at the Cincinnati College of Medicine in 1\869 and 187o, and in 1871 he attended the Miami , Medical College, and graduated in 1871. He began the practice of medicine at Staunton, in Fayette County, Ohio, and remained there one year. lit then located in Tranquility, where he has remained ever since and has ew joyed a large and lucrative practice all that time. He has always had th confidence and patronage of the leading citizens of his community.   In politics he has always been a Republican and taken an active interest. In 1891, he was appointed one of the Pension Examining Sur-   BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCHES - 766   geons of Adams County, and served until the close of President Harrison's administration. In 1899; he was reappointed to the same office, which he is now holding. In 1899, he was the Republican candidate for ,Treasurer of Adams County and was beaten by only nineteen votes by Henry Gaffin. At the age of fourteen, he united with the United Presbyterian Church in Tranquility, and in 1874 was made a ruling elder. He was married to Nancy J. Brown, daughter of Jacob N. Brown, late of Cincinnati. Their children are David N. Gaston, of Fden, Illinois ; John J. Gaston, of Roddy, Tennessee ; Charles 0. Gaston, of Tranquility, and Mary Fdna Gaston.   As a physician, Doctor Gaston has great ability, recognized both by his medical brethren and by the public. He possesses the highest character for morality and integrity and enjoys the esteem and respect of all whO know him. We asked a Republican friend of his to give us a character etimate of him and we give the answer verbatim, as follows :   "Dr. Gaston is a Christian gentleman in the highest and truest meaning of the term. His personal conduct is above reproach. In his dealings with his fellow men he is most kind and considerate. There is no favor he would withhold from a friend and he would scorn to do even an enemy an injustice." Being all the above, he could be nothing else than a good citizens, fearless and conscientious in the discharge of every public and private duty. All he would seek to know would be which is the right side of any question affecting public or private interests, and he would take that side without hesitation. He is a thorough believer in the principles and traditions of the Republican party and there is no right sacrifice he would not make to promote its success. In 1899, without his knowledge, he was nominated by his party for a most responsible county office, that of County Treasurer. His better judgment and inclination was to decline the nomination. Feeling that he owed it to his party to do otherwise, at great sacrifice of private interests and suffering at the time greatly on account of a broken limb, he accepted the trust, and had his party that high apprehension it should have had of the many and valuable sacrifices he was making for it, he would have been triumphantly elected.   He is a most successful physician, having a large practice in one of the best communities of his county. He is possessed of a most happy, cheerful disposition, which he takes with him into the sick room. This is almost an inspiration in itself, and in many cases it is the best medicine a physician can have for his patients. In conclusion, we believe him to be as "good an all around man" as there is in the county, and our people would be vastly better off if we had many more like him.   Robert Arthur Glasgow,   of Cherry Fork, was born on the farm now owned by his brother, J. G. Glasgow, near Seaman, Ohio, May 28, 1861. He is a son of Robert A. Glasgow and Jane Smiley, both natives of Adams County. Robert Arthur Glasgow, our subject, was reared on a farm and received his education in the District schools. He was married by Rev. John S. Martin, of the U. P. Church, at Cherry Fork, October 6, 1881, to Miss Lurissa Jane Caskey, who has borne him five children, four daughters and one son. He and his family are members of the United Presbyterian Church at Cherry Fork. Mr. Glasgow owns a fine farm and is one of the most intelligent   756 - HISTORY OF ADAMS COUNTY   farmers of Wayne Township. His wife is a most estimable woman and is a descendant of one of the old and well known families of Adams County.   Henry Bascom Gaffin   was born September 25, 1862, at Bentonville, in Adams County. His father was Sylvanus N. Gaffin, and his mother was Jane McDaniel. His father came from New York. He attended the District schools as a boy. He begin the huckstering business when but twelve years of age, and continued it for two years. He then went into the grocery business at Bentonville, clerking for William Gaffin for three years. He removed to Mineral Springs Station in 1884, and conducted a general store there for nearly ten years, at which time he moved his business to Peebles, and has conducted a general store there ever since. He is also in the livery business at Peebles, with John Sparks, under the name of Gaffin & Sparks. He went into it at the same time he opened the general store in Peebles.   In 1896, he was elected County Treasurer of Adams County over F. M. Harover, of Manchester, by 68 majority, and has been elected to a second term. He has always been a Democrat. He has been a member of the School Board and Council of Peebles. He took up his residence in 1894 in Peebles, and removed to West is in 1898. He was married January 7, 1884, to Lilly B. Sparks, daughter of Salathiel Sparks. They have two children, Jessie, aged thirteen years and Henry Farl, aged five. He is a member of the Methodist Church of 'Peebles.   Mr. Gaffin is a man of unimpeachable moral character, a public spirited citizen and progressive in all his ideas. He enjoys the confidence of all those with whom he has business relations. He, is actively engaged in politics, and as County Treasurer, he is regarded as one of the best who has ever held that office, old General Bradford, who held it for thirty-two years, not excepted. Valentine H. Hafer, of Blue Creek, was born in Crawford County, Pa., June 28, 1832. His father was John Hafer and his mother Elizabeth Blackburn. Our subject was reared on a farm, and when twelve years of age came to Clayton, Adams County, Ohio. July 27, 1853, he married Miss Nancy Webb, daughter of Thomas and Jane Cook Webb, to whom has been borne three sons and five daughters: George F., John W., Mary J., Sarah F., Elatha F. L., Nancy A., James A., and Ida D. A. August 8, 1862, he enlisted for three years at Buena Vista, Scioto County, and was mustered into the U. S. service as a private at Lima, Ohio, Company H, Capt. Henry, 81st Regiment 0. V. I. He was promoted to Corporal and then joined his regiment under Col. Morton, at Corinth, MisS. He was in many battles of the war among which may be mentioned Rome Cross Roads, Dallas, Siege of Atlanta, Jonesboro, Sherman's March to the Sea, Siege of Savannah, and Kenesaw Mountain. Was honorably discharged at Camp Dennison, July 13, 1865.   Valentine Hafer is one of the prominent men of Jefferson Township. He is an ardent Democrat in politics, and a Universalist in religion. He is now badly crippled with rheumatism contracted in the service of his country, for which disability he draws a pension.   BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCHES - 757   Joseph Warren Hayslip,   of West Union, Ohio, was born May 17, 1826. His father was John Hayslip, who was born near Winchester, Virginia, in 1781, and came to West Union, Adams County, Ohio, in the year 1808. His first wife was Margaret Lockhart, who bore him five sons : Isaac N., Thomas J., John J., James L., and William L., and one daughter, Mary Ann. After coming to Adams County, John Hayslip married for his second wife Lettie Campbell, a daughter of Frank Campbell. She was born at Kenton's Station, Kentucky, and was married in 1825. John Hayslip was a tailor by trade and for seven years kept the old Browning Inn, where Lew Johnson now resides. He afterwards kept hotel on Main Street, near the old public well. He was an ardent Whig, and on the day of the great Whig meeting in West Union, in 1840, he asked to be raised in his bed so as to get a view of the procession passing down Main Street, headed by Tom Corwin, the orator of the day. He died June 9, 1840. He commanded a company in the War of 1812.   Joseph W., the subject of this sketch, was a son of John Hayslip and Lettie Campbell. He was born in West Union, May 17, 1826, and received the rudiments of a common school education, the most of his teaching coming from old Squire Ralph McClure. He served an apprenticeship with Peter B. Jones, of Maysville, at cabinet making, which, together with that of millwright, has been his occupation through life.   On December 25, 1849, he married Lemira F. Montgomery, daughter of Nathaniel Montgomery and Priscilla Rounsavell. July 18, 1861, he enlisted in the 24th Regiment, 0. V. I., Col Jacob Ammen, as member of the Regimental Band, for three years. Was at Cheat Mountain, Greenbrier, Shiloh and Corinth. Organized Second Independent Battery, Light Artillery, in 1864, and was stationed at Johnson island, Ohio. Was charter member of De Kalb Lodge, No. 138, I. 0. 0. F., West Union. First vote cast for Zachariah Taylor as a Whig. Was a Republican from organization of that party.   Charles Napoleon Hall   was born December 2, 1839. His father was James H. Hall and his mother, Louisa Shelton. His father was horn in Brown County, near Logan's Gap, His mother was also born in Brown County. His grandfather, Elisha Hall, came from Philadelphia and settled in Mason County, Kentucky, in 1798, and removed into Brown County in 1800. He was lost on a keel boat on the way to New Orleans in 1815. His father moved to Adams County in 1838 and engaged in farming and trading. His surviving children are, our subject ; William S., residing at Fredonia, Kansas ; Elisha, residing at Langdon, Mo.; Phoeba, the wife of Benjamin Johnson, of Rarden, Ohio; Susan, wife of George Shively, of Aspinwall, Neb.; Mary, wife of Newton Robinson, of Rarden, Ohio; James H., of St. Deroin, Neb. George H., of Camp Creek, Pike County, Ohio.   The father of our subject was Trustee of Green Township, and of Jefferson Township for many years. He was a Whig and afterward a Republican. He was born February 22, 1815, and died May 6, 1899, at St. Deroin, Neb. His wife was born July 8, 1818, and died December 23, 187o. They were married March 31, 1836. Their family was born and raised near Rome, Adams County, where their mother died.   758 - HISTORY OF ADAMS COUNTY   Our subject was married January 24, 1861, to Calista A. Wikoff, daughter of John Wikoff. Their children are John W., of McGaw, Ohio; Eldora, wife of Philip Moore, of Vanceburg, Ky.; William A., of Langdon, Mo.; Charles N., of McGaw ; Margaret, wife of Henry Conner, of Zatah, Kansas. She died May 24, 1899, leaving four children.   Charles N. Hall enlisted in Company I, 91st 0. V. I., August 9, 1862, and was made Sargeant of the company. He was appointed First Sergeant, October 28, 1862 ; promoted to Second Lieutenant on the second of February, 1864, and to First Lieutenant on November 3, 1864, and was discharged March 21, 1865. He was wounded at the battle of Opequan, September 19. 1864. He was shot through the hip and reported mortally wounded.   He served as Clerk of the Courts of Adams County from 1866 to 1869, and was a Justice of the Peace for Greene Township, one term, 1880 to 1883.   Mr. Hall has been a Republican all his life. He is a man of generous impulses and very much devoted to his friends, a jolly and companionable man. His army record is not given because it is a part of the history of the 91st 0. V. I., but it is such that he is proud of it and that his posterity will be.   Paul Howard Harsha   was born August 19, 1859, in Harshaville, Adams County. His father was William Buchannan Harsha and his mother, Rachel McIntire, daughter of General William McIntire. He was the second son of his parents. He attended the District school in the vicinity of his home and at one time attended the Normal school at West Union, taught by Prof. W. A. Clarke. He learned the practical business of milling from his father. From the time he arrived at the age of twenty-one years, until 1884, he was employed in his father's mill at Harshaville, and had charge of the entire milling operations. In 1884, he took an interest with his father, under the firm name of W. B. Harsha & Son, which has continued to the present time.   On January 11, 1884, he was married to Miss Ada Barnard, of Cincinnati. He resided at Harshaville from 1884 until 1892, when he removed to the city of Portsmouth, Ohio. In 1889, he formed a partnership with John P. Caskey, under the firm name of Harsha & Caskey, and built a mill in the east end of the city of Portsmouth, and that business has continued to the present time. He was in Portsmouth from August, 1889, but did not remove his family there until April, 1892. He is the father of four children : Edith Armstrong, aged fourteen years; Elizabeth Lucille, aged twelve years; William Howard, aged ten years, and Philip Barnard, aged eight years. He and his wife are members of the Second Presbyterian Church in the city of Portsmouth. He has always been a Republican. He has never held any public office except that of member of the City Council of Portsmouth, Ohio.   Daniel Huston Harsha   was born in Washington County, Pa., May 9, 1837. He came with his father to Adams County, in 1846. In 1853 and 1854, Rev. James Arbuthnot, James Wright and he conducted the North Liberty Academy.   BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCHES - 759   From 1854 to 1857, he attended Jefferson College at Cannonsburg, Pa., and graduated from that institution in the latter year. From 1859 to 1860, he again conducted the North Liberty Academy. Since the latter date he has carried on fanning on the farm originally the property of his father. Mr. Harsha has shown himself a successful farmer and business man. He a prudent, careful and conservative in all business transactions and his excellent judgment has enabled him at most times to be on the safe side a the market.   While a Republican in his political sentiments, he has never sought or held public office. His tastes are those of a diligent student of literature. While he has decided views on all the subjects he has studied, he has been content with the pleasures of rural life and has never sought to obtrude his views on others.   He has perhaps, obtained as much enjoyment out of this life as those who have made it their mission to antagonize others. Had he lived in the days of the Greek Philosophers, he would undoubtedly have founded a school whose teachings would have been for each to do the best for himself and leave others to their own enjoyment, but as he did not and does not live in the days in which every kind of philosophy was in fashion, he simply lives up to the principles without giving it a name or public notoriety. The principles he has lived by have made him a useful, honored and honorable citizen, a valuable unit of our great country and whose record, when sealed by death, will demonstrate that the world was better by his ministry in it and to it.   Louis D. Holmes,   the eldest son of John and Elizabeth (Traber) Holmes, was born July 24, 1847, one mile north• of West Union, Adams County, Ohio. Until he reached his nineteenth year, he resided with his father, attending school and assisting the latter in farming and carrying on a saw mill. He attended school in the old stone schoolhouse in the lower district of West Union. He early displayed a taste for books and learning, and made rapid advances in every study he undertook. In 1866, he left the common schools and entered the Sophomore class at Miami University, from which institution he graduated in 1868. While in the common schools, he commenced the study of engineering and surveying and assisted in laying about the first macadamized road in Adams County built by the county. At the age of sixteen years, he obtained a certificate of qualification as a teacher in the common schools and acted as a County School Examiner when only eighteen years of age. After his graduation from Miami University, he taught two terms of school at Red Oak, Brown County, Ohio, where he met and became acquainted with Miss Callie Campbell, whom he afterwards married and who was the youngest daughter of the Hon. Alexander Campbell, one of the most prominent citizens of Brown County. Mr. Holmes had determined to study law before he entered Miami University, and conducted his reading with reference to that. In April, 1869, his father moved to Mercer County, Illinois, near Aledo. Here he completed his law studies with the Hon. I. N. Barrett, and was admitted to the bar of Illinois in August, 1871. He begun the practice of his profession   760 - HISTORY OF A DAMS COUNTY   at Aledo, and in May, 1872, was married to Miss Callie Campbell, before mentioned. They went to housekeeping in Aledo, and continued their residence there twelve years.   Mr. Holmes was appointed Master in Chancery in Mercer County and held the office three terms. He devoted his whole time, after that, to his profession, but he also found time to interest himself in public affairs. He was identified with the village government and a member of the School Board of Aledo. Under his advice, the whole plan of the management of the public schools was changed and the schools of Aledo were, under such plan, reputed to be the best in the State. In May, 1884, Mr. Holmes located in Omaha, Nebraska, and engaged in his profession there. His specialties are equity and real estate law. He has published a series of articles on "lis pendens," and another upon "Nebraska Mortgages." He has also published a work on "Real Estate Mortgages and their Foreclosure." Mr. Holmes has four children. Mrs. Holmes possesses an artistic talent and has produced several drawings and paintings of merit. Mr. Holmes and his family are ardent Baptists and have always led in the activities of that church. For two years he was President of the Nebraska Baptist Convention, and also President of the Educational Convention. He is now President of the Omaha Baptists Social Mission and of the Nebraska Children's Home Society, a large and prosperous organization. Mr. Holmes is now in the prime of life and enjoys the promises of many years of activity, which he hopes to spend for the betterment of his fellow men.   A gentleman of high standing, in Mercer County, says of him that he is held in high esteem by the people of Mercer County ; that he was a pillar in the Baptist Church and a leader of all church charitable enterprises. Mr. Holmes was always a student and up-to-date in his practice, zealous to his client and faithful in the discharge of all his duties, officially and otherwise. He held an excellent practice in Mercer County and especially in chancery cases. A friend of his in Omaha says that he is a lawyer of ability and has a reputation as an agreeable and painstaking member of his profession. That he has been engaged in a number of lawsuits of more than ordinary importance. He is a close student of the law and is very much devoted to his profession. Besides this, he has, for years, taken a great interest in philanthropic and humanitarian work, especially in regard to the Children' Home Society of Nebraska, of which he is president. His will, energy, disposition and talents make his a leader in any community in which he makes his home.   Thomas Jefferson Holmes   was born in Adams County, Ohio, February 9, 1860, and resided there until his ninth year when his father removed to Aledo, Illinois. He acquired a thorough education in the common schools of Ohio and Illinois and in the University of Illinois. He began the study of law in 1883 and graduated from the Union Law College of Chicago, in 1885, with high honors. He began the practice of his profession at once in the city of Chicago, and by his thorough legal qualifications, honesty and integrity, he has acquired a lucrative practice and enjoys the respect and confidence of all those who know him. He was. Assistant Corpora-   BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCHES - 761   ton Counsel of Chicago from May 1, 1895, to May 1, 1897, and was assigned to the duty of trying special assessment and condemnation cases, and while so engaged had many other important cases. He served on the Finance Committee of the Chicago Law Institute for several years, and, in 1899, was made its president. He was elected Treasurer of the Chicago Bar Association in 1896 and since then has been twice elected to the same office. During his incumbency of this office, the debt of the association has been largely reduced, and through his skillful financial management, the institution is in a prosperous condition.   Mr. Holmes is active in a number of political, social and fraternal organizations of Chicago, notable among which are the Hamilton Club and the Midlothian County Club. He is a thirty-second degree Mason. In politics he is a staunch Republican, and has always been an active worker and leader in his party.   In 1892, he was married to Miss Grace Blood, of Santa Cruz, California. They have one daughter, Devoe.   Mr. Holmes is a thorough business lawyer and has a large practice in real estate and chancery cases. His offices are at No. 512 Ashland Block, Chicago.   Oscar E. Hood.   Oscar Elmer Hood, son of John P. and Sarah J. Hood, was born September 14, 1861, at West Union, Adams County, Ohio. He received his education in the West Union Public schools and Normal schools. While in his teens he learned the printing trade with C. F. Irwin, editor of the Adams County New Era. After working at this trade for several years, he began teaching in the country .schools of Adams County ; he afterwards taught for several years in the graded schools of West Union. He held a five years' teacher's certificate, the highest county certificate granted at that time. In the Fall of 1893, he retired from the teachers' profession to go into the business of photography in West Union. He has reached the highest eminence in his chosen profession and is recognized as being among the best photographers in the State. He was married at West Union, Adams County, Ohio, February 19, 1896, to Mrs. Sallie D. Woodworth, nee Hilebronner, whose father came to this country from Germany in 1835. One child, Hubert Harold, has been born to them. Mr. Hood started a milliner store in September, 1897, in West Union, and is now engaged in both photography and millinery.   He is quite an active worker in the lodges. He is a member of Dart Encampment, No. 219, at West Union, of which order he has passed through all the chairs. He has been a prominent member of West Union Lodge, I. 0. 0. F., for several years and has held all the offices of the order. He is also a member of Wamsutta Tribe, No. 162, I. 0. R. M., at West Union, Ohio, in which he has held all the offices. He has been twice elected representative to the State Great Council of this order. He is a member of the Christian Union Church, and in this, as in everything else in which he has been engaged, he is an active worker.   As a citizen, Mr. Hood takes an active part in local affairs. He is a man of decided opinions, and having once made up his mind on any subject, does not change his opinions for frivolous reasons.   762 - HISTORY OF ADAMS COUNTY   James N. Hook   was born on a farm near the Ebenezer Church on the line between Adams and Brown Counties, November 22, 1882. His father’s name was William, who. with his father, James, and two brothers of his father, John and Zaddock, their families and worldly belongings, left Snow Hill on the eastern shore of Maryland, in the Spring of 18o9, and crossing the Chesapeake Bay and the Appalachian Mountains, came to Pittsburg. From that point, they passed down the OhioRiver and landed at Maysville, where they crossed over to the Ohio side and settled near the place above mentioned. Here they purchased land and began the building of houses and barns, and in time were able to surround themselves with the comforts and conveniences of the farmers of the country districts of Southern Ohio. These people could all read, write and cipher, but knew nothing of the nativity of their ancestors, and it is probable that they had lived for generations near the place from whence they emigrated. William Hook married Flizabeth Neal, and the subject of this sketch was the eldest of a number of children born to them. His education was obtained in the country school of the district where they lived, except for a term or two, when he was a pupil of William McCalla, who taught a select school at Manchester, and who, in his day, was one of the leading educators of this part of Ohio. From Mr. McCalla, he learned surveying, which he followed, more or less, all his life.   When quite young, he commenced teaching school which occupied a part of his time for a number of years until his marriage to Sarah J. Baird, a daughter of Joshua and Susan Baird, which occurred November 5, 1846, near Bentonville, Ohio, the Rev. John P. Van Dyke performing the ceremony. Seven children were born of this marriage, Joshua B., who died in the service of his country, in the War of the Rebellion, December 25, 1864; Robert N., William II., Flizabeth Susan, John W., Benjamin F., and Sarah Jane. But two of these survive, William H., and John W. Hook. After his marriage, he followed farming most of the remainder of his life.   In 1846, he was elected Surveyor of Adams County, which office he held for three years. In 1851, he was elected Clerk of the Courts, holding that office for one term. During this time he was admitted to the bar but was never an active practitioner. He was a candidate for re-election on the Democratic ticket, but was defeated, this being the Know-nothing year of 1854, when that party swept everything before it.   While living on his farm, one mile west of West Union, on January 19, 1860, his wife died, and on September 3, 1860, he married Martha Jane Brawner, of West Union. Eight children were born of the marriage, five of whom are now living, James N., Joseph, May, Sara and Anna Lou.   In 1864, he was elected County Auditor on the Republican ticket and re-elected in 1866, after which he again resumed the business of farming, having purchased the James Anderson farm, one mile east of West Union. He died on his farm in Franklin Township, September, 15, 1885, and at that time was a Justice of the Peace of the Township, His wife survived him three. years, having died September 6, 1888.   BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCHES - 763   James N. Hook was a shrewd politician. He could anticipate what would please the public better than any man of his time. Had his ambition been equal to his sagacity and foresight, he might have held some of the best offices in the land. There was no better judge of human nature than he, but while he could tell all his friends what was best to do, he was unwilling to avail himself of his own knowledge. He was one of the most sociable and companionable of men, and was universally liked by his neighbors.   John Holmes   was born in Adams, County, November 3o, 1820, the son of Thomas Holmes and Margaret McClannahan, his wife, and was one of a large family of sons and daughters. His father was a stern man with much of the iron bound New England Puritan in his make up, and hence the son John was indoctrinated in that school. He was taught economy and was born with a wonderful energy inherited from a long line of ancestors and the same trait was also cultivated in him by his father. He was taught the dignity and importance of labor, and no man ever lived in Adams County who worked harder, more hours in the twenty-four, or with more energy than John Holmes. He believed for himself and those who worked for him in securing more results in the same time than any of his neighbors. He was born with a thirst for knowledge, which was never quenched in his long life. Whatever about him, which could be learned, whether from books or from men, he learned it. In boyhood, he travelled six miles to a school, morning and evening and thought nothing of it. He soon qualified himself as a teacher and taught Winter terms after becoming of age. His salary was sixteen dollars per, month and board. July 22, 1846, he was married to Elizabeth Treber, daughter of Jacob Treber, one of the pioneers of the county. She brought into the life partnership the same sterling qualities he possessed, energy, economy, and a determination to succeed. They located on a farm on Lick Fork, known as the "Hilling Place," which he had bought for $1.60 per acre. Here their two eldest children were born. In 1851, they moved two miles east of West Union on the Peebles road, and here Mr. Holmes carried on a saw mill and a farm. They resided in this home eighteen years, and here eight more children were born to them. Mr. Holmes was an ambitious man, not only for himself but for his children, and he felt there were greater rewards for him and them in the fertile prairies of Illinois, and in the Spring of 1869, he removed with his family to a farm in Mercer County, Illinois. Mr. Holmes and his wife, while residing in Adams County, were faithful members of the regular Baptist Church and framed their children in the same. Mr. Holmes was a citizen respected by all who knew him and performed every duty he owed society, or any part of it. He was very fond of argument and discussion, for the reason that in that way he learned to look at all sides of a question. If he could add anything to his tore of knowledge, it pleased him just as much as though he had secured a sum of money.   He was a good conversationalist, and all who spent any time in his companionship were benefitted. He was a close student of politics and of business and desired to be completely informed about them. From   764 - HISTORY OF ADAMS COUNTY.   his majority in 1841 until 1856, he was a Whig and became a Republican when that party was formed and adhered to it the remainder of his life. He was anti-slavery from the time he was of age. He helped fugitives on their way from their bonds in obedience to the "higher law," and in defiance of human law. In Illinois, he was a prosperous farmer and stock raiser and lived the same useful life he had lived in Adams County.   John Holmes was a successful man, made money and accumulated property. Living according to the principles he did, it could not have been otherwise. He never forgot his old friends in AdamS County and was always delighted to visit the home of his childhood, youth and manhood: He died on the sixth day of January, 1896, beloved and respected by all who knew him. His wife, born March 12, 1824, died March 24, 1897. The best commentary on the life of John Holmes and that of his wife is in their children, eight, of whom five sons and three daughters survive them. The eldest son, Louis D., is a distinguished lawyer in Omaha, Neb. ; Thomas J., is an active and prominent lawyer in Chicago, Ill.; John F., Charles E., and William H., are prosperous farmers in Mercer County, Ill. The three daughters are married to excellent husbands and are women of great force of character.   John Holmes impressed the ideals of his own life on those of his sons and daughters, and in that way has conferred great blessings on posterity. At the time of his death, he had twenty-two grandchildren, all of whom are being taught the same high principles which actuated and governed his life and made him a useful and model citizen.   Paul Harsha   as born in Washington County, Pennsylvania, April 1, 1800. He was the second of a family of nine children of James Harsha and Jane White, his wife. James Harsha was a farmer and resided two miles west of Cannonsburg, from the time of his marriage. When his family became large, he removed to Westmoreland County, where he resided until his father's old homestead came to be divided among his heirs, when he purchased it and occupied it until his death. He was out in the War of 1812. Paul, his son, learned the trade of bricklaying, followed it some time, and while so doing built eighteen houses in Allegheny City for one person, Squire Wright.   On May 22, 1831, he was married to Martha, a daughter of William Buchanan and his wife, Hannah Houston. Her father William and; his brother John were the only children of a ship owner and Captain; whose wife was a Lady Campbell, of Glasgow, Scotland. These two, boys were sent to school in Philadelphia, while their fathers, with a ship carried on merchandising between that city and points in the Mediterranean. He sailed on one voyage to the Mediterranean from which he never returned. It is believed his vessel and crew were captured by, Algerian pirates. William Buchanan carried on paper making a book binding, in or near Philadelphia, and manufactured paper on which was printed the currency used by the United States, which was made from bolts of silk bandanna handkerchiefs.   BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCHES - 765   He removed to Chambersburg, Pa., where his daughter, Martha, was born, March 22, 1810. In 1812, he moved to Washington County, Pa., and engaged in farming, wool and silk raising. It is related that his daughter, Martha, at one time, chiefly tended the flock of three hundred sheep. Paul Harsha, soon after his marriage, settled on a part of the Harsha homestead, and gave his whole attention to farming.   In 1846, he came to Adams County, and purchased lands at Harshaville of Gen. Samuel Wright and son-in-law, John McCullough. There was a water grist-mill on the land and Paul Harsha added a saw-mill, both of which were kept busy while the water supply lasted. A few years after steam power was placed in the mill. In 186o, the mill was torn down and rebuilt with the best machinery obtainable at the time. Paul Harsha carried on farming, milling, and stock raising successfully up to his death, April 1, 1876.   His wife died March 22, 1884. Paul Harsha had eight children, two of whom died in infancy. They were William Buchanna, Jane, Daniel Houston, James White, Nathan Patterson and Lizzie H. James W. died at the age of seventeen. Nathan Patterson enlisted at the age of eighteen, September 15. 1862, in Capt. John T. Wilson's Company F of the loth Regiment. Ohio Volunteer Infantry, and died October 9, 1863, at Memphis, Tenn. Lizzie H. is the wife of Carey Patton, of Denver, Colorado and has a son Paul and two daughters, Mabel and Myrtle. Paul Harsha was noted for his honesty and, plain dealing. He aimed to keep and control his business entirely, and in this way was very successful.   He was possessed of a practical mind and had a wonderful sagacity to predetermine the results from any business venture. He was not a member of any church, but was a Presbyterian in his views.   William Holmes.   William Holmes was born in Liberty Township, in Adams County, on April 29, 18o2, and resided there all his life. When he was a boy and a young man he learned the carpenter's trade and worked at it in the vicinity of West Union up till 1870. He built many of the residences of West Union. He was married at the age of twenty, to Nancy N. Chaney, of Highland County. They located west of West Union on the hill overlooking the Eagle Creek valley, where they resided during their joint lives. Their children were James, Mary J., John, Cyrena, William, George, Margaret and Nathan. Three died in infancy. There are two sons, William and Nathan, three daughters, Mary J., Cyrena and Margaret, still surviving, all of whom, reside in Adams County except Cyrena, who resides in Highland County. William Holmes was a man of powerful physique and nerve. The following instance is related of him :   He was suffering from a felon on the index finger of the right hand. Dr. Wilson, who was attending him, advised amputation and the patient consented. The Doctor was nervous and could not saw the bone steadily, William Holmes took the same and separated the bone himself.   766 - HISTORY OF ADAMS COUNTY   He followed his occupation of carpenter until two years before his death, September 19, 1872, when he died suddenly of apoplexy. He was a law abiding, useful citizen, who commanded the respect of everyone. His wife, who was born October 15, 1886, died February 14, 189o. His daughter. Nancy married Alex. McGovney and Cyrena married John Willit ; Margaret married George W. Crawford and resides at Wrightsville, Adams County. William Holmes son of our subject, married three times: first, to Isabelle Satterfield, daughter of Wesley Satterfield ; second, to Miss Trefts, by whom there are two children, Mrs. F. E. Crawford, of Ashland, Ky., and George Holmes, of Shear Pork, South Dakota. His last wife was a Miss Piatt. There are six living children of this marriage.   Allen Vane Hutson,   of Bentonville, was born July 12, 1848, in Sprigg Township, on the farm adjoining the one on which he now resides. His parents were Henry and Margaret (Vane) Hutson. Major Hutson, grandfather of our subject, was a native of Ireland. He located in. Kentucky in 1804 on the old Daisy Plantation near Millersburg. Here he reared a family of children, five of whom lived to maturity. They were Henry, father of our subject ; Henna, who married James Bishop, of Falmouth, Kentucky ; Rachel, the wife of Hon. John P. Bloomhuff ; Elizabeth, wife of William Stevenson, and the wife of William Hurd. The last named is the only survivor. Major Hutson removed to Adams County in 1812. He located on what is known as the Bloomhuff farm, and resided there until his death, at the age of ninety, in the year 1852. Henry Hutson, father of our subject, married Margaret Vane, who was also a native of Maryland. His daughter Margaret was born in 1804 and her father left Maryland for Ohio in 1807. Henry Hutson resided, for the greater portion of his life, on the farm in Sprigg Township, now occupied by James Froman. He reared a family of five sons and two daughters, John. of West Union; Handy, deceased ; Henna, married first to George Brittingham and afterward to James M. Froman; Allen V., our sub; ject, and Thomas Hamer, of Hillsdale, Kansas. Henry Hutson was a man of the strictest integrity and of more than ordinary ability. He was a recognized leader in his community in social, church and public affairs. He was deacon, clerk and trustee of Union Church at Benton, vine, for about forty years.   Our subject attended the common schools until the age of nineteen; when he became a teacher and followed that profession for ten year& He studied surveying under Nathaniel Massie and Jeremiah Bryan. He has Massie's old compass which belonged to Gen. Nathaniel Massie. It was brought to this country by Lord Baltimore. Mr. Hutson has an extensive knowledge of French and German and is able to enjoy the best works in each of those tongues. He was County Surveyor of Adams County from 1877 to 1880, and again from 1887 to 1893. He made a most efficient offrcer. Mr. Hutson is a Democrat in his political views.   BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCHES - 767   William Buchanan Harsha   is the eldest son of Paul Harsha and Martha Buchanan. Paul Harsha was born April T, 1800, in Washington County, Pennsylvania. His wife was born in Chambersburg, Cumberland County, Pennsylvania, March 22, 1810. Her parents removed to Washington County, Pa., in 1812, and there she was married to Paul Harsha on May 22, 1831. In 1841, they located pear Harshaville in Adams County. The mill at Harshaville was then owned by Samuel Wright, but was soon after purchased by Paul Harsha. Our subject was born in Washington County, Pa., in 1832, and came to Adams County with his parents. The Harshaville mill was the first built in Oliver Township, in 1817, by Gen. Samuel Wright. who, in 1846, sold it to Paul Harsha. Our subject began work in this mill under his father in 1844, and has been there ever since. The mill had been refitted in 1847. Our subject operated the mill until 1859, when he reconstructed it and operated it until 1882, when it was refitted with new machinery. It was destroyed by fire in the Fall of 1891, and rebuilt the next Spring. It has continued in successful operation ever since.   Paul Harsha. his father, died on his birthday, April 1, 1876. Our subject conducted the mill alone until 1884, when his son, Paul Howard Harsha, became a partner and has continued as such ever since. The business is conducted under the name of W. B. Harsha & Son. At the age of twenty-one, our subject was married to Rachel, third daughter of Gen. William McIntire. Of this marriage there were two sons, Dr. William McIntire, of Chicago, Ills., and P. Howard Harsha, of Portsmouth, and two daughters, Mrs. Anna McCalmont and Mrs. Minnie McQuiston, wife of Rev. J. A. C. McQuiston, of Cherry Fork, Ohio. Our subject's wife died in 1865, and he was married in 1871 to Miss Alma McIntire, daughter of Capt. William McIntire. Of this marriage there was born four children, three sons and a daughter, Carey McIntire, Oscar, John W. and Florence. Our subject has been a Republican all his life. At the age of seventeen, he joined the United Presbyterian Church and has lived in that faith ever since. Mr. Harsha is noted for his Christian character and his business integrity. He is a model citizen and business man and is useful and helpful in all his relations to society.   Phillip Michael Hughes   was born in Adams County, Franklin Township, February 22, 1844. His father was Peter L. Hughes and his mother, Mary Carrigan. His father was born in Ireland in 1790 and came to this country in 1798 at the age of eight years. His mother was born in Franklin Township, Adams County. Her father, Andrew Carrigan, was a native of Ireland. Peter L. Hughes, father of our subject, had four sons and two daughters who grew to maturity. His daughter Hannah married John B. Allison, who has a separate sketch herein. A son, Frank 0., and his wife, a daughter of Hugh Breslin, are both deceased. Mary Hughes, the second daughter, married Joshua Hatcher. Tobias Hughes married Flora Cannon, a daughter of Fleven Cannon and granddaughter of General Daniel Cockerill. He died at the early age of thirty-two, leaving his widow and three children. Another son, John W. Hughes, died in young manhood.   768 - HISTORY OF ADAMS COUNTY   Our subject obtained his education in the common schools. He attended a commercial school in Cincinnati in 1863 and 1864, and directly atter that began farming on his own account. About 187o, Jacob Weaver and his sister had a delightful home just south of the Serpent Mound. Our subject was a visitor there and soon found out what a good housekeeper and what an attractive young woman Miss Mary L. Weaver was, and he deliberately broke up that pleasant home, by marrying Miss Weaver on the fifth of October, 1871. Jacob Weaver then went to live with his sister and brother-in-law for a year, and his observance of married life was such, that he went and obtained a wife for himself.   Of the children of our subject, Hannah A. married John E. Swearingen. They reside at Clintonburg, Miami A., Ohio. John J. Hughes, a son, aged twenty-two, resides at home. Our subject's daughter, Kate Mary, is a young woman at home; Ferris L., aged fifteen, and Rosa Belle and Mary Grace, younger, are with their parents. Mr. Hughes has six hundred acres of land in one body in Bratton Township lying between the Baker Fork and the Middle Fork of Ohio Brush Creek. A more pleasant location was never found by man. Mr. Hughes has a large and commodious residence. The suggestion of thrift shows everywhere over his broad acres. Talk of the pastoral lives of the Patriarchs. They weren't in it compared with Phil Hughes. His farm and home are more desirable than the whole belongings of the Patriarch Jacob after he had done up his father-in-law, Laban. If any one desires to take lessons in thrift and how to care for farms to make them productive, and a delight to every one who has any appreciation of nature, and of the improvements of it by cultivation, let him visit Bratton Township and call on Phillip M. Hughes, John B. Allison and Alfred R. Fulton, and if he does not come away pleased and with a whole swarm of new ideas, then the writer has not told the truth and is incapable of it. All three named are model farmers and have the finest of farms, but, Mr. Hughes has the advantage in situation. In his political faith, Mr. Hughes is a Democrat. In his religion he is a communicant of the Mother Church of all, the Roman Catholic. His wife and children are Methodists. Mr. Hughes possesses the confidence of all his neighbors and well deserves it. One of the best evidences of it is, that he was President of the School Board of the Township for twelve consecutive years. He was a Commissioner of the county from 1890 to 1893. He is strictly honest, honorable, and upright. He attends strictly to his own business, and does unto others as he wishes to be done by. As a public officer, he was capable, honest, and efficient. He is an honor to himself, to his family, and to the community, and his character estimate was furnished by one of his neighbors who knows him so well that he could not possibly be mistaken about him.   The writer regards him as one of those magnetic men whom it is a pleasure to meet, and would like to live neighbor to him.   BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCHES - 769   Albert Clinton Hood   Albert Clinton Hood, the ninth child of John P. and Sarah J. Hood, Was born in West Union, Adams County, Ohio, February 28, 1858. He attended the Public schools of West Union until the age of seventeen, at which time, 1875, he began teaching in the country schools of Adams Couy. He followed this business for several years, teaching in the Winter and going to school in the Summer. He afterward attended the National Normal University at Lebanon, Ohio, and later the Ohio Wesleyan University at Delaware, Ohio, and besides, he has accomplished much by. home study.   He filled the following positions in Adams County : Superintendent of Rome schools, Principal of Manchester High School, Superintendent of Bentonville schools, of Peebles schools, and of the West Union schools. Besides, within this period, he taught several Normal schools during the Summer months. He was County School Examiner from September 1, 1888, to August 31. 1891, having been appointed to the position by Judge I. N. Tolle.   Since leaving Adams county in 1892, he has superintended the schools of Aberdeen, Brown, County, Ohio ; Shiloh, Richland County, Ohio; New London, Huron County, Ohio, and Reynoldsburg, Franklin County, Ohio. On retiring from the New London schools in '98 he was invited back to take charge of the Shiloh schools, but declined the offer to accept the superintendency of the schools at Reynoldsburg. At this place he also conducted a Summer school for the especial training of teachers. In the year 1900 he accepted an appointment as teacher in the Central High School, Cleveland, Ohio.   Albert C. Hood was married November 28, 1889, at Peebles, Adams County, Ohio, to Susan Annabel Nixon, daughter of David and Mary Ann Nixon of that place. Three children, two boys, Edwin Nixon and Glenn Mack, and one girl, Pauline, have been born to them, all of whom are living. He has been somewhat active in lodge work, having become a member of the I. 0. 0.- F. Subordinate, Encampment, and Rebekah Lodges, and of the Masonic Blue Lodge, Chapter, and Order of Eastern Star.   In June, 1893, Mr. Hood obtained a High School Life Certificate from the State Board of School Examiners of Ohio. The degree of Doctor of Philosophy, and also that of Master of Arts, was conferred upon him in 1899, by Mount Hope College.   Mr. Hood is truly a school man. He entered the profession of teaching when quite young. He began in the country schools and has adhered to the work, being gradually promoted until he has held several responsible positions as Principal and Superintendent. As a teacher, he isligid in discipline and thorough in instruction. He has high ideals and trives to bring his pupils up to them both in education and in conduct. He has made a careful study of the art of teaching, having given much time to educational associations and is able to discern the best points of the work. He does not like sham in any sense nor those who try to practice it. After leaving the High school as a pupil, he steadily advanced in education until he was qualified for the degree of Doctor of   770 - HISTORY OF ADAMS COUNTY   Philosophy. In addition to the Public school work, he has been connected with private Normal schools where teachers have been trained for examinations and for better work as teachers. His influence is toward the elevation of the lives of the pupils who come to his schools and in this way his work has been especially successful. lie is industrious, painstaking and careful in whatever he endeavors to do, and this makes him a most useful teacher, inspiring his pupils to be careful in thought and neat in execution. Even people who do not like him say that he is a good teacher. As a man, he is thoroughly honest and upright and his character is above reproach. He belongs to the conservative class. Of a nervous, sanguine temperament, he is quick to judge and strong in his convictions. He is not the "first to lay down the old nor the last to take up the new." His strong point is in counsel and he is a steadfast friend to those whom he chooses as friends. As a citizen, he takes a quiet but positive interest in public affairs, makes up his own opinions on public questions and exercises the right of franchise in accordance with free convictions.   Samuel Jones   is one of the earnest settlers of Meigs Township, having resided there for sixty-four years. He is the son of Matthew and Sarah Jones, and was born December 2, 1825, in Tiffin Township. His father was one of the early farmers of Adams County, and raised a family of seventeen children of whom Samuel was the tenth child. His parents being poor and having so large a family, it was necessary for the children to "work out." His father sold the farm of two hundred acres when Samuel was ten years old and moved to Meigs Township where he bought another. Samuel remained with his parents until he was seventeen years old. He then hired himself to Wm. Metz, a thrifty farmer on the Ohio River, and worked for him a year at eight dollars r el month. Later he was employed by Samuel Breadwell on a farm at thirteen dollars per month, by James Moore at sixteen dollars per month, and by John Gorman at eighteen dollars per month. In each case his earnings went to his parents, except what was necessary to buy clothing, which was never expensive.   The iron furnaces of Lawrence and Gallia Counties, and the coal pits necessary to supply them, offered better wages to young men and Samuel sought employment at Mt. Vernon Purnace, where he received twenty dollars per month cutting wood, hauling wood and working in the coal pits. Here he saved his money and purchased forty-nine acres of land on Turkey Creek, Meigs Township. He gradually added to this until he owns two hundred and fifty acres, and on this farm he has reared a large family.   His education was limited to the country schools of that day, although his good judgment and general information made what learning he had very useful to him. His school teachers, as he remembers them, were Hannah Irvin, Dorcas Taylor, L. D. Page, Benjamin Black, Samuel Thoroman, Henry Williamson, John Williamson, and he says they were all good teachers. His mother waS Sarah Thoroman, who was a daughter of Samuel Thoroman and Ann Crawford. The latter was a relative of Col. Crawford, who was burned at the stake by the Indians. The Thoromans are of Scotch ancestry.   BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCHES - 771   In 1851, he married Sophia Clark, daughter of James and Jane Clark, residents of Meigs Township. They settled on the land spoken ;above, and there reared a family of eight children, five sons and three daughters, all of whom, with the exception of one daughter, are living. In 1868, his wife died of typhoid fever, leaving him a baby ten months old, Edward, who is now Superintendent of the Public schools at Nelsonville, Ohio. In 1869, he married Mrs. Margaret Callaway, who had four sons. Six children, two sons and four daughters, were born to the new marriage and all are living.   Mr. Jones has always taken a deep interest in public affairs. In politics, he has been a Republican since the organization of that party. During the War of the Rebellion, he enlisted in the 14Ist 0. V. I., and was a member of Company K.   In church matters he holds liberal views and is a member of the U. B. church. He has never united with any secret orders except the G. A. R.   For the past twenty years his health has been impaired and he has left off the hard manual labor necessary for a successful farmer and has devoted his time to the duties of a notary public, giving special attention to pension claims in which he has met with great success.   The leading traits in the character of the subject of this sketch are his sturdy honesty, sympathy and liberality. He believes in his own rights and will contend for them, but he recognizes the rights of others. He loves frankness and practices it. He despises deception of any kind. The writer of this sketch knows from an everyday intimacy with him for twenty years that he would not practice a fraud nor cheat a neighbor even though he knew the wrong would never be discovered. The latch-ring has always been on the outside of his door. Neighbors, friends and relatives have been welcomed and urged to remain. He loves friends and companions. His conversational powers are good and he is always a welcome visitor among his neighbors. He has lived an exemplary life before his large family of children. Owing to lack of means, he could not offer more than a common school education to his children. Three of his first family became teachers ; two of these have attained success as superintendents of schools. One has already been referred to, and the other now holds the responsible position of Superintendent of the Ohio Institution for the Education of the Deaf and Dumb, at Columbus.   John William Jones   was born January 25, 1861, near Mineral Springs, Adams County, Ohio. He was reared on a farm and attended the Public Schools in Winter until seventeen years of age, when he began his career as an educator. After having taught five terms in the country school and having raised his grade of certificate to the first class, he was elected Principal of the Village schools of Rome, Ohio. After serving here for one year, he relinquished his position in order to enter the Normal school at Lebanon, Ohio. In 1885, he was graduated with the degree of Bachelor of Science, and in the Fall of the same year, was elected Superintendent of the Manchester schools, where he remained for ten years, being elected each successive time without ever having a vote cast against him. During the tenure of his   772 - HISTORY OF ADAMS COUNTY   position as superintendent of these schools, Prof. Jones spent his vacations teaching Normal schools, preparing teachers for their work, and fitting pupils for college. These schools were first conducted at North Liberty, and afterwards at Manchester. He also spent a portion of his vacation instructing in the Teachers' Institute. In 1888, he went before the Ohio State Board of School Examiners and was granted a high school life certificate, having successfully paSsed in twenty-three branches of study. In 1893, he received the degree of Bachelor of Pedagogy from the Ohio University at Athens, at which institution he had taken a post-graduate course. Prof. Jones was re-elected, in 1895, to the Superintendency of the Manchester schools for a period of three years, but before entering upon this term, he was called to his present position, Superintendent of the Ohio Institution for the Education of the Deaf and Dumb, assuming the duties of his office in September, 1895.   Prof. Jones was a man of high standing and influence in school circles, being recognized as one of the progressive educators of the State. He has been untiring in his devotion to the interests of the institution since assuming the reins of authority, and has given much prominence to the work being accomplished by the Ohio School for the Deaf. Being of a sympathetic disposition, he is well qualified for his present position. He is a member of the First Presbyterian Church, of the Order of Free and Accepted Masons, and of the Independent Order of Odd Fellows. In 1885, he was married to Miss Cora A. McPherson, of Mineral Springs. They have three daughters, Marjorie McFerran, Carrie Louise and Rela Pauline.   Paul H. Jones   was the son of Mathew and Sarah Jones, born September 4, 1819. His youth was spent on the farm. At the age of nineteen, he began teaching in the Public schools of Adams and Scioto Counties. He traveled extensively through the West, over the greater part of Illinois, Missouri and Iowa. He returned to Ohio and married Elizabeth Clark, daughter of James Clark, of Jefferson Township, Adams. County. They located neat Des Moines. Iowa, where he was engaged in teaching, but after a residence of five years in that State, they returned to Adams County. He afterward purchased a farm just across the line in Scioto County, on which he continued to reside until his death.   Mr. Jones was a man of very strong convictions. Early in life he became an Abolitionist, his attention being first called to the subject by a party of slave hunters passing through where he was teaching. They returned with the fugitives manacled and driven before them. This object lesson made him the strongest kind of an Abolitionist. He engaged in many prominent debates on the slavery question. At the breaking out of the war, he felt that the reSult would be the abolition of slavery and it was his duty to do all that he could to bring it about. He therefore enlisted in Company B, of the both Ohio Volunteer Infantry, on the fifteenth of October, 1861, for a period of three years, at the age of forty-three, within three years of the limit. He served his three years and served as a veteran, and was discharged August 14, 1865. He was in all the batty and engagements of his company, and during that time acted also as It correspondent for several Northern newspapers. His stories of army life   BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCHES - 773   were read with great interest by all those within the circulation of the journals he represented. At the end of his military service he resumed the occupation of teaching. He was a man of high moral principles, of the strictest integrity, honorable in all his dealings with his fellow men, and he was respected by all who knew him. He was a model citizen in every respect. He died in March, 1874, and is buried in the cemetery near Wamsleysville, Ohio. His son, Lafayette Jones, the present Surveyor of Scioto County, is sketched in this work.   Robert Caraway Jones   was born on Blue Creek, December 1, 1858. His father was Oliver Jones ; his mother, Elizabeth Caraway. Our subject was the second child. He has a sister, Annaleva, wife of John Calvin, .and a brother, Albert. He attended the District school in his vicinity and lived on his farm until he was twenty-four years of age. He engaged in the merchandise business in'1882 at Blue Creek and remained in that until 1885. He then went to Meade County, Kansas. He remained there a year. He then went to Colorado. He married Miss Isa McCall, daughter of Henry McCall. Coming from Colorado, he went to Blue Creek and engaged in farming. In 1898, he moved to McGaw and engaged in the merchandising business for a few months. He then returned to Blue Creek and went to farming. In politics, he is a Democrat. He is a Mason and a member of the West Union Lodge.   John H. Kincaid   was born October 13, 1813, son of John and Sarah Kincaid. He worked on his father's farm and attended the Public schools in his vicinity. He was twenty-one years of age when his father, Judge John Kincaid, died, and was one of ten surviving children, yet he bought out his brothers and sisters and paid them $1,100 for their interests. He was married August 7, 1834, to Barbara Lawrence, a native of Fayette County, Pennsylvania. He began his married life without a dollar of money, but he had a capital of energy, will and industry that served him well. He became one of the principal farmers of the county. January 10, 1865, his wife died, and on December 23, 1867, he was married to Jane McNeil, who survived him. He took an active interest in politics, was a Whig and Republican and very strongly anti-slavery. He always attended the county conventions of his party, usually as a delegate and so often was this done that the wags gave him the name, in sport, "Liberty Township." What they said in sport was sober reality, for, in many respects, he was "Liberty Township." In his interest in political affairs, he was a model citizen. He believed every man should take a continuing interest in political affairs, and, as a consequence, he never missed a primary or political convention. He often attended the District and State Conventions of his party. In political affairs he was always consulted and great weight given to his advice. He was a man of fine personal appearance, very tall and very erect in his carriage. His physical appearance would attract attention in any company or public assemblage. No man enjoyed a hearty laugh more than he, and he was full of fun and humor, but whenever he undertook to do anything, no man was more fixed or set in his purpose. He had an expression of firmness about his mouth when his lips were closed that was emphatic and im-   774 - HISTORY OF ADAMS COUNTY   pressive. It dominated all other expressions of his, features. It was a pleasure to hear him converse and he enjoyed the company of good conversationalists and could carry his part among that kind of social companions. He was a great friend of the lawyers and physicians of West Union of his own age, and especially of E. P. Evans, J. R. Cockerill, J. M. Wells and Dr. David Coleman. When the underground railroad was in operation, he was one of the directors and conductors. As his name indicates, he was of Scotch descent and by birthright a Presbyterian, and a believer in that faith, but never became a member of the church. This was largely due to the breach between his father and the Rev. Dyer Burgess on the subject of Masonry in 1830. In 1868, he united with the M. E. Church and died in that faith on October 10, 1887. His life was full of good deeds and acts of charity. He was a good citizen,.a good neighbor, and undertook to and performed all his duties as man, citizen, husband and father as he understood them. He has gone to his reward and the world is better that he lived. He left the memory of an example of which his children, his township and county may be proud. His children were: George Lawrence, born May 15, 1835; John Williamson, born March 29, 1837; William Nelson, born March 20, 1839, died December 3, 1852; Sarah Margaret, born May z6, 1842; Mary Anne, born January 27, 1847; Adaline Jane, born May 2, 1849; Martha Alice, born October 29, 1851; Thomas, born November 12, 1854; Quincy Adams, born December 15, 1858; Winfield Scott, born July 9, 1861.   Sarah M. married Joseph B. Matthews, and lives near Eckmansville, Ohio. They have two children. Adaline Jane married John G. Kleinknecht, and resides at Hills Fork, Ohio, and she has four children.   Captain George S. Kirker.   Captain George S. Kirker, the youngest son of Gov. Thomas Kirker, was born on the old Kirker homestead in Liberty Township, Adams County, Ohio, February 7, 1813. He was married in 1840 to Mary M. Cunningham, daughter of William and Ellen Doak Cunningham, of Virginia descent. Their children living are Sarah Ellen, unmarried and residing at the old home; Charles E., Mary P., wife of A. P. McIntire; William C., who resides on the old homestead; Ora, wife of Edwin Morrison, of Pawnee City, Neb., and India A., residing at Axtell, Kansas. Mr. and Mrs. Kirker lost six children in infancy. Mary M. Kirker was born March 17, 1817, and died at Manchester, Ohio, April 13, 1887. George S. Kirker lived his entire life on the farm in Liberty Township except the last four years, in which he made his residence in Manchester. He died September 15, 1879. He was highly respected wherever he was known. He was a man of great public spirit. If any measure was proposed or projected for the public benefit, he was always favorable to it and always supported it with great enthusiasm. He was a manly man. Whatever was just, whatever was upright, whatever was for good, he was for. He was the means of having the pike from Cherry Fork to Bentonville built, and but for his influence, its construction would have been delayed for years.   BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCHES - 775   From 1863 to 1871, he, Crockett McGovney and Dr. D. M. McConaugh engaged in the pork packing business at Manchester. It required a great deal of nerve and capital to go into that business and carry it on, but Kirker had both. It was the largest and most important business carried on in Adams County while it lasted, and its being carried on was a great public benefit to the county. True, the partners lost money, but the people who dealt with them did not. George S. Kirker was a prosperous and successful farmer and stock raiser. No man in the county took more pride in fine stock than he did and those who knew him in his prime knew that he never was happier than when riding a fine horse. He was always fond of horseback riding and usually had a saddle horse with a fancy gait. At fifty years, he was a large man, with very black hair and a full black beard. He had a fine presence and impressed strangers as a man of importance. In his business dealings, he was direct and straight to the point and was the soul of integrity and fair dealing. His industry and energy were untiring.   When there was any business to be done, Mr. Kirker never rested until it was done. He was a most jovial, agreeable companion. He was full of humor and liked to give it play. He was fond of a good story. He was one of those whom others like to ask to take the lead and when his judgment approved, he never hesitated to take it. When he did take it, the business went forward to a conclusion and usually to a successful one. He was always in good spirits and his presence and manner put those about him in good spirits. He was always inclined to take a cheerful view of things and to believe that a poor or bad condition of affairs could be bettered. He was plain in his dress, in his speech and in his manners, but he believed in getting at the substance of things: He was a man of strong will power and great tenacity of purpose. He would, not undertake any matter or enterprise unless it was within reason that it could be carried through and that he could bring it to a successful issue. He had excellent judgment, and if it ever failed him, it was because of the influence of matters upon which he had not calculated.   In the period of his business activity, he was a most valuable element in the community. If any one was to lead in any project, he was usually selected as the one, and he never failed, when called upon, either to undertake the work placed upon him or to bring it to a fortunate conclusion. He was a natural leader in the circle of his acquaintances. It was this fact which made him a Captain in the 141st 0. V. I. He was a strong Republican in his political views and could not have been anything else. He, however, unlike his distinguished father, had no taste for political office, and he never held any but that of Infirmary Director from 1863 to 1866. He accepted this because his name added strength to the ticket on which he was and because he lived in the same township in which the infirmary was located. His known sympathy for the poor and needy urged his candidacy and induced him to accept the office. Then again, his contest was made in the middle of the war when patriots were discouraged and when strong men needed to come forward and encourage the war. There is no man risen up in Mr. Kirker's place with all his sterling qualities. He set the world an example of life and character which ought to   776 - HISTORY OF ADAMS COUNTY   be remembered and perpetuated, and an example which, if followed, would increase the sum total of pleasure and contentment here, and happiness and hope for the future.   Philip Kratzer,   of Blue Creek, was born near Arnheim, Brown County, Ohio, October 7, 1839. His father was Simon Kratzer, whose ancestors came from Pennsylvania, and his mother was Elizabeth Lindsey, a descendant of an old and respectable family of Brown County. Our subject was reared on a farm and had the advantages of the country schools. He enlisted from Georgetown, Ohio, August 18, 1862, and was mustered into the service of the United States at Camp Dennison as a Private, Company D, Captain Higgins, 59th Regiment, 0. V. I., Colonel Fyffe, for three years. Joined regiment at Cave City, Ky., and there promoted to Corporal. Served in Nelson's Brigade, Wood's Division, Fourth Corps, Army of the Cumberland, and took part in all the battles in which his regiment participated, including Stone River, Lookout Mountain, Resaca, Kenesaw Mountain, Siege of Atlanta, and was wounded at Mission Ridge. He was transferred to Company K, October 24, 1864, and served balance of time, and was honorably discharged June 28, 1865.   Our subject was first married January 18, 1865, to Miss Mahala Stayton, of Brown County, by whom he had four sons and four daughters: Robert, Rosetta, Jesse Lee, Stella, John F., George E., Emma and Nellie. Mr. Kratzer's second wife was Matilda J., daughter of Levi and Cynthia Lafara,   Philip Kratzer is one of the substantial citizens of Churn Creek Valley. He is a faithful member of the Christian Union Church, and in politics an old-fashioned Democrat, and is an ardent admirer of that leader of Democracy, William J. Bryan.   Frederick Knauff,   of Blue Creek, was born May 14, 1848. His ancestors were among the first of the pioneers in Blue Creek Valley, settling there when the region abounded with bear and deer, and when bands of marauding Indians paid occasional visits to the settlements along Scioto Brush Creek. The parents of Mr. Knauff, Michael and Mary Wolfe Knauff, came from Germany to Butler County, Pa., where Frederick was born, and thence to Adams County. Mary Knauff died April 7, 1892, and iS buried at Liberty cemetery. Michael Knauff is yet living at the age of eighty-three years.   Our subject was educated in the country schools in which he has always taken much interest, being at present a member of the Board of Education of Jefferson Township.   He was married March 30, 1869, to Elizabeth Lamb, a daughter of John and Flizabeth Boehm Lamb, by whom he has had eight children: John H., Luella A., William D., Wylie C., Anna R., Mary A., Harry J., and Roy A. He is a Republican in his political opinions, but very tolerant in his views. He was raised in the Lutheran Church, but is not a member of any denomination at present.   BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCHES - 777   Albert De Witt Kirk,   of Cherry Fork, is a son of Alexander Kirk, who was born in Clarion County, Pennsylvania, in 1808, and Mary Reighle, of German descent, McKinney, natives of Scotland. In 1845, Alexander Kirk came from the same State. Alexander Kirk was a son of John Kirk and Jane ra Cincinnati to Youngsville, Adams County, where he followed the trade of tailor. In 1850, he removed his shop to Cherry Fork, where he resided litntil his death. He was a jovial, lighthearted man, a fine performer on the 'violin, and was loved and respected by all who knew him. Albert D. Kirk, the subject of this sketch, was born in Youngsville, in 1848, and was brought up to be a tailor in his father's shop. He was educated in the common schools, and in the old academy at Cherry Fork, under Profs. McClung and Chase. When a lad, he was a member of the old militia, and in 1864 was called in the service of the United States, Company G, 172d 0. V. I. In 1865, he again volunteered as a member of Company D, 191st Regiment, 0. V. I., and was honorably discharged at the close of the war.   April 13, 1869, he was married to Phoebe McIntire, a daughter of General William McIntire, who bore him four children : William 0., Luna E., Blanche and Grace. March 23, 1884, she died, and December 25, 1890, he married Minnie Wickerham, a daughter of Jacob Wickerham, of Peebles, Ohio, a most estimable woman, by whom he has had born to him three children: Albert DeWitt, Kathleen and James. Besides his reputation as a fashionable tailor, Mr. Kirk is a fine musician and was the organizer of "Kirk's Band," in 1870, a reed and cornet organization, the oldet in the county, and one of the most excellent.   William Franklin Kenyon   was born October 23, 1841, in Greene Township, Adams County. His maternal great-grandfather, Aaron Stratton, was a native of New Jersey, where he grew to manhood and married. About 179o, he removed to Lewis County, Kentucky, and settled near Vanceburg. He was a man of enterprise and engaged in the manufacture of salt, which he followed for a number of years, and by which he made a considerable fortune. He owned many slaves. He bought Steele's Survey, a body of some seven hundred acres of land on the Ohio side of the river, known then and now as Irish Bottoms. He reared a family of ten children, one son and nine daughters. He made it a rule, upon the marriage of each child, to present him or her, among other things, two negro slaves, a man and a woman. His second daughter, Sarah, married Jonathan Kenyon, a native of Vermont. This daughter declined any present of slaves, and her father gave her instead one hundred and thirty acres of Irish Bottom land, now known as Sandy Springs. She and her husband settled on it, cleared it, and lived and died there. Mr. Kenyon was a regularly admitted lawyer, though he did not practice his profession. He was able to properly draw instruments of writing and discouraged litigation. He reared a family of seven children, all sons, namely, Aaron, Samuel, Thompson, Daniel, James, William and Benjamin. These sons all grew to manhood, married and reared families. James and Benjamin went to California, where they engaged in farming, and now reside there. Wil-   778 - HISTORY OF ADAMS COUNTY   liam lived and died near Ironton, Lawrence County, Ohio. Samuel and Thompson removed to Andrew County, Missouri, where they died. Daniel, the fourth son, was born October II, 1-811, and departed this life November 5, 1885. He became the OWner of the old homestead in 1834, to which he added one hundred acres, part of the Carrington Survey adjoining.   In 1832, he married Miss Rebecca Zorns, born August 18, 1811, in Lewis County, Kentucky, and who departed this life January 4, 1895. They reared a family of seven children : Martha Jane, Artemisia, Cynthiana, James R., William Franklin, Samuel F., and Mary Olive. The parents were members of the Methodist Church for over thirty-five years. William Franklin, the second son, and subject of this Sketch, was educated in the Public schools and at the Ohio Wesleyan University at Delaware, Ohio. He graduated at the Nelson Business College at Cincinnati. He served as Township Trustee from 1893 to 1899 ; as School Trustee for twenty years, and as Voluntary Meteorological Observer, U. S. Weather Bureau, for seven years. His political views are Republican.   At the age of twenty, he became a member of the Methodist Episcopal Church at Sandy Springs, and has served it as steward for twenty years, and also as a trustee. He was married April 5, 1864, to Miss Louise McCall, who was born in Scioto County, Ohio, December 7, 1845. Her parents were early Settlers near Buena Vista, Ohio, and dealt in lumber and stone.   Our subject has reared a family of seven children, two sons and five daughters. Lena, Theresa, Peninah, Mary Olive, Rosa Blanche, Daniel Austin, and Earl Franklin. Lena married Dr. D. F. Sample, of Vanceburg, Ky., and is now residing at Huntington, West Virginia ; Theresa, Peninah and Earl F., are at home with their parents ; Mary 0., married Mr. E. L. Fulkerson, of St. Clara, Missouri, and they now reside at Texarkana, Ark. ; Rosa B. died December 1, 189o; Daniel A. married Miss Mary M. Lawill, of Manchester, Ohio. They reside on the home farm. Soon after Mr. Kenyon's marriage, he purchased a part of his father's farm on the banks of the Ohio River at Sandy Springs. Since then he has added many acres, principally hill land which is used for orchards. After his education was finished, he engaged in the nursery business with his father under the style of "Daniel Kenyon & Son's Ohio River Nursery and Fruit Farm." He continued in the business for twenty years. His farm is neatly cultivated and tastefully adorned, and surrounded by all the comforts man can desire. Mr. Kenyon and wife are now quietly living on their beautiful fruit farm and enjoying the fruits of industrious and well spent lives.   Oscar Bennett Kirkpatrick   was born December 18, 1856, in Wayne Township. He went to school in the District schools and the North Liberty Academy. He began the study of medicine in 1883 under the instructions of Dr. Carboy, of Winchester. He attended Miami Medical College from 1884 to 1886 and graduated in the latter year. He took a post-graduate course at New   BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCHES - 779   York in 1896 at the Polyclinic Hospital. He located to practice medicine at North Liberty in 1886 and has been there ever since. He was married November 13, 1886, to Miss Mary Bell Patton, daughter of the late George A. Patton, of Harshaville.   He is a man of high character and an excellent citizen and a very successful physician. He is very highly esteemed in the community In which he resides and wherever he is known.   Robert Stewart Kirkpatrick   was born December 31, 1851, and named after his maternal uncle, Rev. Robert Stewart. for nineteen years pastor of the U. P. Church at North Liberty. He attended the District schools and the North Liberty Academy, and finished his education at the latter place in 1871. He went to clerking in 1868 for George A. Patton, at Harshaville, and worked for him for about three months. Then he clerked at North Liberty for his brother, John P. Kirkpatrick, in 1870. He went to Illinois in March, 1871, and staid there a few months, and was engaged in farming: He returned to Wayne Township in the Pall of 1861, and then clerked for George A. Patton until February 26, 1873, when he was married to Sarah Agnes Laird, daughter of Captain Samuel Laird. After his marriage, he farmed his father's farm until August, 1873, and then removed to North Liberty, and engaged in the produce trade until March, 1875, and in that year and for about two months afterwards, he clerked for his brother, John P. Kirkpatrick. Then he removed to Mattoon, Ill., and lived there until 1876, but came hack that Fall to North Liberty, and went to clerking again for George A. Patton, and staid there until March 3, 1882. Then he removed to North Liberty and ran a huckstering wagon until December, 1882, when he started the general store where he is now and has been ever since. Mr. Kirkpatrick has always been a Republican, and in 1883, was a candidate for Clerk of the-Courts of Adams County, but was defeated by George W. Pettit. He is a member of the U. P. Church at Cherry Fork. He has a son, Charles F., who conducts a store at Harshaville, under the name of Charles F. Kirkpatrick & Co., composed of his father and himself. 'That store was opened May 19, 1897. His daughter Mayme married P. K. Phillips, who works for her father. His second son, Earle, is at home and assists in running the store. His daughter, June Bell, is a student of Monmouth College, one of the brightest girls of her community, and bids fair to accomplish much in the school she attends.   John W. Kincaid.   John Williamson Kincaid was born March 29, 1837, in Sprigg Township, near the Col. Hugh Means residence. He received his first Christian name for his grandfather, Col. John Kincaid, Associate Judge and the second for the Reverend William Williamson, who died in the same year in which he was born. His father, John H. Kincaid, was at that time a staunch Presbyterian. When he was but three years of age, his father removed to the home in Liberty Township where he resided until his death.   780 - HISTORY OF ADAMS COUNTY   Our subject obtained such schooling as the District schools afforded and has been a farmer all hiS life. On the twenty-eighth of March, 1860, he was married to Esther J. McConnell, daughter of Alexander McConnell. The writer remembers the marriage. They began life together with great hopes and enthusiasm and with a world of love, and their happy relations continued until her death on April 24, 1891.   John W. Kincaid volunteered in the service of his country on the eleventh day of August, 1862, in Company F, 91st 0. V. I. He was made a Corporal of his company August 12, 1862. He is proud of his record as a soldier and has every reason to be. The regiment was in fifteen battles and engagements with the enemy and he was in every one of them. The first was October 26, 1862, and the last November 18, 1864. Men were wounded and killed by his side but he escaped unscathed, and was able at all times to keep right along with his command. This is a remarkable record for a service which continued almost three years. He was honorably discharged June 24, 1865. The children of his marriage are Oscar B., a farmer living in Greene County, Ohio ; Sarah H., married to John Beheimer, and residing in Bethel, Clermont County, Ohio ; Hattie M., married to Franklin Robe, and residing near Hills Fork in Liberty Township, and Minnie Bell, who married Walter Riffle, and keeps the home for her father and her own family.   Our subject has always been a Republican. He has held the office of Assessor and Trustee of his Township, and in 1891 was elected Infirmary Director for three years. In 1894, he was re-elected and Served the full term. Of all the votes he ever cast (and he never failed to vote), he is proudest of that cast in 1864 for. Abraham Lincoln for President, which was cast in front of Gen. Tubal Early's arm. Mr. Kincaid is a member of the Methodist Episcopal Church. Of a long line of ancestry noted for their interest in public affairs arid in the welfare of the country, he has aimed, in all his life, to act well his part, and it is the verdict of all who know him that he has succeeded. He is respected by all as a model citizen and an honorable and upright man.   Winfield Scott Kincaid,   son of John H. Kincaid and Barbara Lawrence, his wife, was born in Liberty Township, Adams County, on the ninth of July, 1861. He was the youngest of his father's family. He had the opportunity to become a physician, but preferred to be a farmer. He was married August 12, 1882, to Miss Mary L. Robe, daughter of David L. Robe, Jr., of Liberty Township. The Robes were among the first settlers in Liberty Township. The first election in Liberty Township was held at the house of David Robe, Sr., his wife's grandfather, in April, 1818. He resides on the old homestead, which has been in the same family over one hundred years. Mr. Kincaid was elected Clerk of Liberty Township in April, 1884, and served one year. He was appointed a Trustee of the Wilson Children's Home, March 7, 1898, for a term of four years, and was reappointed for a like term March 7, 1898. For three years past, he has been President of the Board. He is a member of the West Union Lodge, No. 43, Free and Accepted Masons, and was Master of that lodge in   BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCHES - 781   1894. His grandfather, Col. John. Kincaid, was Master of the same lodge from 1818 to 1822. Mr. Kincaid is an enthusiastic Mason and is much attached to the order. He is one of the founders of the Adams County Agricultural Society and has been one of its twelve directors since its organization. He is now President of the Board of Directors of the Society. He is a Republican and has been active in politics since his sixteenth year. He ie a member of the Methodist Episcopal Church at Liberty Chapel and a class leader. Mr. Kincaid is an honorable: and useful citizen. He possesses the confidence and esteem of all his neighbors. He is active, energetic, and enthusiastic in anything he undertakes to do and is regarded as a model farmer and citizen.   Henry Kress,   farmer, residing near Manchester, was born March 24, 1831, near Russellville, Brown County, Ohio. His father, George Adam Kress, was born in Bamasants, Rhine, Bavaria. His mother; Katherine Miller, was born in the same place. There they were married, and five of their children were born in Germany. In 1828, they came to the United States and located near Russellville, Brown County. They had seven more children in this country, four of whom died in infancy. Our subject was the sixth child of his parents and the first born in this country. When he was of an age to attend school, the nearest school was so very far away and held such a short time, and the need of the boy's work was so strong that he was not sent to school, and he obtained no education. He worked on his father's land until he was twenty-one years of age ; and from the age of twenty-one to twenty-seven, he worked out as a farmer. From 1854 to 1858, he worked for Luther Pierce on his farm ; and on February 17, 1858, he was married to Miss Mary Jane Colbert, at Manchester. He went to housekeeping in Sprigg Township, where he still resides.   He remained working on the farm until the seventeenth of October, 1861, when he enlisted in Company G of the loth Ohio Regiment. At the battle of Shiloh, he was the first one of his regiment wounded. He was shot through the left shoulder, and was so disabled that he was discharged on the twenty-sixth of September, 1862. He was unable to work any for two years after his wound ; and for seven years after his return from the army, he kept toll-gate near Manchester.   He and his wife have had sixteen children born to them; five of whom died in infancy or early childhood, and eleven of whom are still living. His eldest daughter, Kate Kress, was born March 15, 1859, and is the wife of N. B. Francis, at Mt. Sterling, Nebraska. They have one child. His daughter, Margaret A., was born December 30, 1863, and is the wife of F. M. Burnett, a watchman at Manchester. They have three children. Linnie J., his third daughter, was born November 30, 1865, and is married to Mack Pence, a farmer near Manchester. His fourth daughter, Sarah B., born March 28, 1867, was married to Thomas Dawley in 1890. They live near Seaman, Ohio, and have one child. His fifth daughter, Lida F., was born September 21, 1868, and was married to C. A. Leedom. She resides with her parents. Josephine Irene Kress was   782 - HISTORY OF ADAMS COUNTY   born January 25, 1872, and is married to L. J. Kuntz, a farmer residing near Bentonville, Ohio. They have one child. Julia E., was born October 29, 1873, and was married to Will H. Lang, a farmer, in 1893. They have one child. His son, Fred N., born August 16, 1875, is single and lives in Nebraska. His son, Harvey Garfield, born May 1o, 188o, and daughters, Cora A., born April 26, 1882, and Louella, born June 11, 1886, are still at home with their parents.   Mr. Kress was raised in the Lutheran Church. He has always been a Republican. While he is always very prompt in the payment of his obligations, unlike the typical German he is not afraid of being in debt. No more honorable citizen lives in the country, nor any more patriotic. While Mr. Kress never obtained any learning, he has a great deal of philosophy, which serves as a substitute for the learning. At the same time, he insists that his children should be educated, and all of them have a good common school education.   Martin Van Buren Kennedy,   farmer, student, teacher, soldier and merchant, was born near Georgetown, Brown County, Ohio, February 24, 1843. His mother, Drusilla Davis Smashea, was born in Maryland. His father, William Kennedy, was born in Pennsylvania, but removed to Brown County when a child and spent the remainder of his life there as a teacher and a farmer. He was a Justice of the Peace for many years and never had a decision appealed from. He died in 1864.   As his name would indicate, Mr. Kennedy is of Scotch-Irish descent on the paternal side; on the maternal side, he traces his ancestry to the Burbage family, a sketch of which is found in this work. His grandmother, Dolly Smashea, was a Burbage from Maryland. Mr. Kennedy's mother died when he was but two years old, and he was brought up by his aunts, Mrs. Sarah W. Bradford and Mrs. Mary M. Williams, of Wet , Union. He attended the Public schools of West Union and the North Liberty Academy, spent two years as a teacher and about the same period as a student at Miami University. In June, 1863, he assisted in recruiting Company G, 129th Ohio Volunteer Infantry, and at its organization was appointed its First Sergeant, which office he held during his term of service with the company. In the Summer of 1864, he attended Military school at Philadelphia, and was afterwards commissioned a First Lieutenant of colored troops and assigned to the Fighth Regiment, United States Heavy Artillery, then stationed at Paducah, Kentucky. He was given command of Company I, and held that position until the mustering out of his regiment in April, 1866, having seen service in Kentucky, about Richmond and Petersburg, Virginia, and lastly in Texas. His regiment was in Washington at the time of President Lincoln's funeral and was at the station as part of an honorary guard at the time the body of the lamented President left Washington.   After leaving the army, he took a course in Nelson's Commercial College at Cincinnati, and engaged in the book and stationery business at Gallipolis, Ohio, with the Hon. S. Y. Wasson, now of Hamilton, Ohio. He continued in this partnership for six years, when he removed to Zanesville, where he has been engaged in the same business to the present time.   BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCHES - 783   He was married September 13, 1871, to Miss Emma Caroline Hartell, of Groton, Massachusetts. They have only one child, a son, Harris Hartwell Kennedy, born September 29, 1873, a graduate of Kenyon College at Gambier, and is at present a bookkeeper of the American Encaustic Tiling Company, of Zanesville, Ohio.   Mr. Kennedy is a member of the Grand Army of the Republic, and has been Post Commander at Gallipolis and Zanesville. At the latter place, during his administration, the membership of the Post increased 140 to 444, and its finances were increased from nothing to over five thousand dollars. He has been a delegate for both State and National Encampments of the order.   He has always been a Republican in his political views. He was bought up in the Methodist Episcopal Church and is a member of it, but is broad and liberal in his views. In personal appearance, he is tall Slender, and of elderly bearing, and is courteous and cordial in his manners. He is devoted and constant to his friends and charitable and considerate for the rights and prejudices of others.   Mr. Kennedy has a remarkable vein of humor, which makes him an entertaining companion to all with whom he associates. He has a fund of humorous stories which would do credit to Artemus Ward, Mark Twain, or any other of our celebrated humorists, and it is to be hoped that his Collection will be preserved and published. He takes life easy, and while he has his troubles, as all persons in active business have, he does not let them worry him to any great extent, but takes it for granted that he must endure, suffer, and make the most of them. His career as a student and teacher, soldier and merchant, has been creditable in every way, and when he is called to give an account of the deeds done in the body, he hopes he Will not be required to make any apologies, but that his record will commend itself.   Nelson B. Lafferty, M. D.   Nelson Barrere Lafferty, M. D., was born in West Union, Ohio, January 6, 1840. He was the son of Joseph West Lafferty and Flizabeth Burwell Lafferty. Nelson Barrere was at that time a practicing lawyer in West Union and the father of the Doctor was an admirer and friend. ;Hence the Doctor received the name of the distinguished lawyer, afterwards Congressman, and Whig candidate for Governor of Ohio.   The writer became acquainted with Dr. Lafferty when he was seven years of age, and if he was ever a boy after that date, the writer has no recollection of it. The Doctor always wanted to be with men, to listen to their conversation and to learn all he could. While he enjoyed the sports of boyhood, his consuming ambition, and one which was always ratified, was to be with men and learn of them. He received a common school education prior to 1858, and in that year began to read medicine in the offices of Drs. Coleman and Coates, in West Union, Ohio. He read for two years and a half and attended his first course of lectures at Starling Medical College, Columbus, Ohio, in the Winter of 1860 and 1861. When he returned home in the Spring of 1861, the tocsin of war had sounded and he enlisted in Company D, 24th 0. V. I., on May 27, 1861, and on the twenty-seventh of June, 1861, was mustered into the U. S. service for three years. As the result afterward demonstrated, Dr. Lafferty   784 - HISTORY OF ADAMS COUNTY.   could not stand the hardships of the service, but he never stopped to consider this. It was a question of patriotism only with him. If the Government would take him, he was bound to go, He did go, but was physically unable to stand the strain of the service and was discharged October 13, 1862, on surgeon's certificate of disability. Company D, 24th 0. V. I., was the first offering of Adams County in the Civil War, and to have been a member of that company is, in Adams County, better than a patent of nobility. Of all the heroes of the Civil War, the members of Company D were and are always the foremost. But because he waS sent home from the army, Dr. Lafferty did not repine. He resumed his medical studies, took his second course of lectures at Starling Medical College and graduated in the Spring of 1863. He at once determined to re-enter the army as a medical offrcer as soon as his health would admit. In August, 1863, he passed the. necessary medical examination required for a Surgeon in the Volunteers. November 10, 1863, he was commissioned Assistant Surgeon of the First Ohio Heavy Artillery for three years and served as such until January 9, 1865, when he resigned owing to ill health and started for home. On his way home, he stopped at Nashville, Tenn., where he unexpectedly met the Medical Director of the Army of the Cumberland, who insisted on him entering the Hospital Service, and on February 3, 1865, he again entered the service as an Acting Assistant Surgeon of the Army and continued as such to the close of the war. In May, 1865, he returned home and located at North Liberty, Ohio, in the practice of his profession, and here he continued to practice for twenty-one years. On February 4, 1880, he was married to Miss Kate Holmes, of Hillsboro, Ohio. There are three children of this marriage, Louise, Fred and Alice.   During his residence at North Liberty, Ohio, he was U. S. Examining Surgeon for a period of fourteen years. In politics, he has always been a Republican. In 1886, he removed from North Liberty to Hillsboro, Ohio, where he continued the practice of medicine until 1895, when he voluntarily retired on account of physical infirmities.   As a physician, Dr. Lafferty is thoroughly read and informed and is among the leaders of his profession. In medical ethics, he was the most fully informed, and believed in and maintained the highest standing for his profession. In whatever he undertakes, he is an enthusiast and is bound to his friends by hooks of steel. He is in favor of high standing in every avocation of life ; his interest in the affairs of the county and State are as intense now as that May day when as a youth he went into the army, and he still believes in that pure and good manhood to which he so early aspired in childhood.   John Meek Leedom.   His grandfather, William Leedom, emigrated from the State of Virginia in company with Israel Donalson, Isaac, Asahel and John Edgington. who were with the first white men who located at Manchester. They assisted in making all the Surveys between 1790 and 1795, when they might expect the crack of an Indian rifle at any time. They fought the Indians so long as the Indian war lasted and Asahel Edgington was one of their victims.   In 1795, William Leedom married Tacy Edgington, daughter of George Edgington. When Zane's Trace was marked out in 1797, William   BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCHES - 785   Leedom left Manchester and located on the Trace just below Bentonville. There he built the Leedom Tavern, which became a celebrated hostelry in its time. The innkeepers were the aristocrats of those days. They obtained about all the silver and gold in circulation and the old time taverns were the headquarters for all news and for the consummation of all important trades. William Leedom, enjoyed an extensive acquaintance up and down the river and throughout the country. He traded on the river with keel-boats much of his time, and made a number of trips to New Orleans. In his day it was fashionable to have large families and William was in the fashion. His wife died in 1824. He had twelve children, eight sons and four daughters. His sons were : John, Elijah, Joseph, Asa, Aaron, Thomas, William and George Washington. His daughters were : Toy, Sarah, Nancy and Mary. His first wife died and he married in 1826, a second time, to Mary Rogers. Of this marriage there was a daughter, Telitha, now the wife of John Watson, of Bentonville, and she is the only survivor of the twelve.   William Leedom prospered in his trading and tavern keeping. He gave each one of his children one hundred acres of land, or the equivalent of that in money. He had 275 acres of land left after the distribution among his children and he died seized of this in 1849 at the ripe age of eighty-eight. His second wife died in 1865. He was a man among men, a natural leader, and his characteristics were improved in some of his children,   His son Joseph was born in 1797. When the latter was eighteen years of age, his father put his in charge of the old Andrew Ellison home on Lick Fork to run it as a tavern, and, assisted by his sister, Nancy, conducted it until 1817. Joseph and his sister, Nancy, then conducted the Rose Hotel at the foot of the hill, west of West Union, on the old Maysville road, for some time. Joseph Leedon was born a politician, but somehow he mistook his calling and became a Methodist minister. He was a circuit rider for five years. Two years of this time he was a preacher in the State of Virginia and while there his son, John Meek Leedom, was born November 3, 1827, and was named for that famous Methodist minister, John Meek. Joseph Leedom was not pleased with Virginia and returned to Ohio to become a farmer. He would preach from time to time as opportunity offered. He was a great traveller. He made twenty- six trips to New Orleans, eight of which were with horses and mules driven through by land. His son, John Meek, went with him in 1840, when only thirteen years of age, and rode all the way on horseback. Joseph Leedom represented Adams, Brown and Scioto Counties in the House of Representatives in the Thirty-seventh, and Thirty-eighth General Assemblies, 1838 to 1840. During his first session, Benjamin Tappan was elected United States Senator, and the celebrated Ohio Fugitive Slave Law was enacted and he voted for it.   Joseph Leedom was fond of young men, and he took a fancy to Joseph McCormick and made him Prosecuting Attorney of the county. He formed a friendship for Joseph Randolph Cockerill and made him Surveyor of the county. Col. Cockerill laid out the town of Bentonville for Jesoph Leedom in 1841. In 1847, Joseph Leedom went to Carroll County, Mis-   786 - HISTORY OF ADAMS COUNTY   souri, and died there in July, 1867. He was married four times. His first wife was Ann, daughter of David Cox. He married her in 1822. She had two children and died. In 1825, he was married to Elizabeth Hopkins, a native of Snow Hill, Maryland. She had four sons and two daughters. The sons were John Meek, William Thompson, Greenbury Jones and Martin Herriford, and the daughters were Elizabeth Ann and Virginia H. His third marriage was in November, 1851, to Nancy Matheny, daughter of Rev. Charles Matheny. In 1853, he was married to Mary Burgess, in Ray County, Mo., and two children were born of this marriage, Sallie B. and Samuel B. Sallie B. and John Meek are the only ones of Joseph Leedom's family surviving, and she resides in Cheyenne, Wyoming.   Joseph Leedom was a man of public spirit. He gave the ground for the Methodist Church in Bentonville and donated the material for the first building in 1841. The home was logs replaced by a frame in 1851 and which stood till 1899. In his later life, in 1852, Joseph Leedom left the Methodist Church and connected with the Cumberland Presbyterians. John Meek Leedom was born in Kanawha County, Va., was reared in Ohio, and resided in the State till 1847, when he accompanied his father to the State of Missouri. He returned to Ohio in 1853 and drove a tage,, from Maysville to Chillicothe. He went to Kentucky and drove a stage from Maysville to Paris for four years. During the cold Winter of 1854, he drove the round trip from Maysville to Paris every day for two weeks.   He afterwards drove on other routes in Kentucky and then returned to Bentonville and opened up a general store. September 17, 1861, ht. married Jane L. Francis, and in 1863 he bought a half interest in the Bentonville Mill. In 1865, he bought the John D. Francis farm in Liberty, Township. His wife died April, 1866, leaving one child, Margaret, now Mrs. James Dunkin. November 15, 1866, he married Mary A. Bro4; over, daughter of John Brookover, and of this marriage there is a Shilton A. White. In 1885, he bought the flour mill at Manchester conducted it for a short time. In 1890, he purchased the farm origin located by the Rev. William Williamson and by him named "The Beech and since 1892, he has resided on it. Mr. Leedom is a Democrat in political faith. He is not a member of any church.   John Cunning Loughry   was the son of John Loughry and Flizabeth (Cunning) Loughry, born Circleville, on May 2, 1831, When he was nine months of age, his fa removed to Rockville, Adams County, where he spent his subsequent In the forties, he attended Carey's Academy at Cincinnati. Afterward he engaged in steamboating, owning and commanding the steamer " son," in 1852. In the Fall of 1855. he assumed his father's business. was married to Miss Sallie Brown, daughter of Captain Wash Bro November, 1857. They took up their residence at the present homestead in Rockville, where he resided until his death on the ninth of October 1894. He united with the Sandy Springs Presbyterian Church, September 20, 1873. He was a trustee of the church for many years, and wi elder in 1887. From 1891, until his death he was Superintendent of Sunday School of Sandy Springs Church.   BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCHES - 787   In his political views, he was a Democrat, but never sought or held any public office or took any part in politics.   He was a good neighbor, an ideal gentleman, generous, gentle, hospitable, and refined. He was a constant and generous friend, and in his passing away the community lost a man faithful to every duty.   Robert E. Lockhart,   farmer and President of Manchester Farmers' Bank, was born in Greene Township, Adams County, Ohio, June 23, 1833. His father, Robert E. Lockhart, came to Adams County from Kentucky when a young man and. married Sarah Hemphill, a daughter of Edward Hemphill, of Pleasant Bottoms; and settled on Ohio Brush Creek, where Albert G. Lockhart now resides. The children of the family are : Andrew and Elisha, deceased; Elizabeth, who married Samuel Stevenson ; Sarah, who married John Campbell ; Irene, who married Reuben McKay ; Albert, living on home farm; Ann, who married William McCormick, and Robert F., our subject, who married Alice A. Stevenson. His family consists of Sarah, who married T. F. Norris, of Irish Bottoms ; Miss Flora, and Albert G., remaining at home with their parents.   Robert E. Lockhart is one of the leading Democrats of Adams County. He was elected Decennial Appraiser for Greene Township in 1880, and has held the office of Township Treasurer almost continuously from the period of his majority. He is a Past Chancellor of Triangle Lodge, No. 477, Knights of Pythias, at Rome, Adams County.   As a farmer and financier, Mr. Lockhart has been very successful. He owns twelve hundred acres of land in Greene Township, a large part of which lies along the fertile valley of the. Ohio River. He has been a stockholder in the Farmers' National Bank at Manchester since its organization, and President of that institution since 1896.   John W. Lightbody,   of Blue Creek, was born July 31, 1842, at Wilmington, Indiana. His parents were Hugh S. and. Sarah J. Lightbody, the former having come from Ireland to the United States in 1816. He lived in New York until 1835, when he located in Georgetown, Ohio, where he clerked in a store. Later he peddled clocks throughout the country for Pittinger & Eckman. Then he went .to Wilmington, Indiana, where he married Miss Sarah J. Wright, by whom he had thirteen children, John W. being the oldest.   John W. Lightbody enlisted at Manchester, Ohio, where his father then resided as a Private in Company D, Captain Patterson, 24th Regiment, 0. V. I., Colonel Ammon, for three years, May 3, 1861, and was mustered into service at Camp Jackson, June 13, 1861. He re-enlisted as a veteran at Whiteside’s Station, and was transferred to Company D, 18th Regiment, 0. V. I., June 12, 1864, to serve balance of term. He was captured twenty miles below Florence, Ala., on the Tennessee River, September 9, 1864, and held a prisoner at Andersonville and Cahaba prisons for ten months and twenty-two days. Was sent North on the teamer Autocrat, just six hours in advance of the ill-fated Sultana. He was at Cheat Mountain, Greenbrier, Shiloh, Corinth, Perryville, Stone   788 - HISTORY OF ADAMS COUNTY   River, Chickamauga, Lookout Mountain, Mission Ridge, Atlanta Campaign, Nashville, and Decatur, Ala.   He is a Republican and is at present Postmaster at Blue Creek, where he conducts a good hotel and livery stable. On June 5, 1875, he married Miss Mary F. Bascom, daughter of G. W. and Flmira Bascom, of Henderson, Kentucky.   George W. Lewis,   of Blue Creek, is a son of William Lewis and Nancy Ann Lanthorn, and was born on Scioto Brush Creek in Adams County, March 22, 1841. His grandfather was Philip Lewis, who came to Scioto Brush Creek Valley in 1795. He was a wagon-master in the Revolutionary War. He first married Betsey Wasson, by whom he had two sons, Philip and Thomas. His second wife was a widow McBride nee Anderson, a native of Ireland. By his second wife, Philip Lewis had four sons: William, born 1804; Lot, in 1806; Elijah, 1811, and Enoch, 1813. Of these, William, the father of our subject, had eleven children, six sons and five daughters, George W., our subject, being the seventh child. He married February 28, 1864, while at home on a furlough, Miss Martha A. Brooks, daughter of Leonard and Jane Ousler Brooks, who has borne him ten children ; Rosa B., Sewell E., Alvie T., Myrta E., Arvada A., William R., Arville, dying in infancy ; G. Blaine, Iva V., and Harriet J. George W. Lewis enlisted in Company D, 24th 0. V. I., at West Union, May 27, 1861, and also belonged afterwards to Company D, 18th 0. V. I. He was mustered out at Augusta, Ga., October 9, 1865. He was wounded at Shiloh, and took part in the great battles of the war, such as Cheat Mountain, Perryville, Stone River, Chickamauga, Missionary Ridge, Lookout Mountain, and others. He is a staunch Republican, while his father was a Whig. He was for many years the leader of his party in Jefferson Township. He is not a member of any church, but leans toward Methodism.   John Gardner Lindsey   was born near Russellville, Brown County, Ohio, December 28, 1852, son: of William Johnson Lindsey and Lucinda Eliza. (Gardner) Lindsey. The grandfather of our subject came from Scotland in about 1810 and settled` in Kentucky near the Virginia line. In a few years afterward he returned! to Mason County, Kentucky, where William Johnson, the father of ma subject, was born October 14, 1821, William Johnson Lindsey married Lucinda Eliza, daughter of the Rev. Mathew Gardner. She was born at Red Oak in Brown County, March 23, 1823. The children born tat them are Barton B., of Portsmouth, Ohio; George, living somewhere in South; Charles, deceased; Frank, of Cincinnati, Ohio; Sarah Belle, wife.; of Nathan Foster, of Clarence, Illinois, and John Gardner, the subject this sketch.   John G. Lindsey obtained a common school education in Manchester Ohio, and engaged in farming until 1893, when he engaged in the livery business in Manchester and continued in that business until September, 1899, when he sold out to Messrs. Perry and Swearingen. He now gi his entire attention to the fertilizer business, being employed by the Ole, Farmers' Fertilizer Company, of Columbus, Ohio.   BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCHES - 789   He was married March 25, 1880, to Dora Amelia, daughter of James and Morello Holmes. James Holmes was born December 22, 1814, and Morello, his wife, was born March 12, 1823, both in Adams County. The children of Mr. and Mrs, Lindsey are Byrdie Pearl, born October 2, 1882, and Bruce Emerson, born May 22, 1886.   Mr. Lindsey is a member of Hawkeye Tribe, Red Men, No. 117, and I. 0. 0. F., No. 827, of Manchester, Ohio. He is a Republican from principle, but takes no active part in political affairs. He is a member of the Methodist Episcopal Church and is Superintendent of the Sabbath School in Manchester.. As a member of the Board of Education, he takes an active part in educational affairs. Mr. Lindsey is a successful business, man and renders valuable service to the company which employs him. As a citizen, he stands high in the esteem of his fellow townsmen, and is known for his integrity and his interest in church and educational affairs.   Francis Marion Lang   was born April 25, 185o, in Sprigg Township, on the old Lang homestead, the son of Barton S. and Melinda (Parks) Lang.   James Lang, grandfather of our subject, came to Manchester in 1793, and joined Massie's colony. He had a land warrant which he placed on Isaac's Creek, the farm still owned by our subject, but owing to the hostility of the Indians at that time, he was compelled to remain under the protection of the Stockade at Manchester until peace was declared in 1795, at which time he removed to his farm, where he reared a family of four sons: James, John, Thomas and Barton S.   Barton S. Lang, the father of our subject, was born September 22, 1815. Melinda Parks, his wife, was born February 27, 1814. They were married December 15, 1836. Their family record of births is as follows : James M., May 1, 1838 ; Jeremiah, October 5, 1839 ; Lucinda, March 14, 1841 ; Margaret Jane, November 23, 1842; Martha Ann, October 8, 1844; M. Lafayette, October 7, 1846; Amanda Melvina, October 29, 1848; Francis Marion, April 25, 1850; Columbus Clay, April 2, 1852, and Walter Corwin, March 26, 1854. Barton S. Lang died August 8, 1879; his wife died in 1855.   Francis Marion Lang, the subject of this sketch, was reared on his father's farm, receiving such education as the common schools of Sprigg Township afforded. He remained with his father until the age of twenty-three, at which time he assumed control of the home farm and resided there with the exception of part of one year, till 1891, when he removed to Manchester to take advantage of the educational advantages for his children and to look after his business interests at that place. While on the farm, he engaged in the dairy business for eighteen months. From 1885 to 1895, he was engaged in the livery business in Manchester, now conducted by Mr. Erdbrink. For several years he handled leaf tobacco on an extensive scale, and at the same time engaged in packing pork in partnership with S. R.,Monteeth.   From 1884 to 1886, he was President of the Ohio Valley Furniture Company at Manchester, and is now Vice-President of the same concern. In 1891, he was engaged in the coal business, which business he conducted till 1897, when Charles Lang, his son, was taken in as a partner. The   790 - HISTORY OF ADAMS COUNTY   firm is now styled F. M. Lang & Son. In 1897, the firm of Lang Bros., stoves, hardware, machinery and farm implements, was organized by Charles, Walter and Aultman Lang, sons of F. M. Lang. Charles withdrew from the firm shortly after to give his entire attention to the coal business. Mr. Lang was married January 24, 1872, to Miss Mary Lou Sinniger, daughter of Augustus Sinniger, of Sprigg Township. She was born March 3o, 1856. Their children are Charles W. S., born November 27, 1872 ; Harry, born October 15, 1874, died November 22, 1874 ; Morta B., born December 18, 1878, died December 16, 1879 ; James Walter, born September i, 1877; Lee Aultman, born September 10, 1879; William Kirker, born May 5, 1882; Esta Kate, born April 14, 1884; Francis Pierce, August 21, 1886; Lulu Claire, born September 13, 1889, died August 3o, 1891 ; Alice Louise, born January 19, 1892, and Helen Augusta, born July 23, 1896. Mr. Lang is a business man of more than ordinary ability. Although he has engaged in several different kinds of business, he has always been successful and at present is the owner of More real estate than any other person in Manchester. His success is due to his honorable dealings, together with good judgment and strict attention to businss.   Jonah Mason Lovett,   of Manchester, Ohio, was born March 3, 1831, at Parkersburg, West Virginia, son of Daniel C., and Emiline (Lockhart) Lovett. Daniel Lovett, his grandfather, was a native of Loudon County, Virginia. His son emigrated to Adams County in 1835, and engaged in teaching until 1838. In that year he returned to Virginia and married Frntline Lockhart, daughter of Jonah Lockhart, and sister of Judge T. J. Lockhart. He and his wife located at Parkersburg, where they reared a family of seven children, to-wit: our subject and his twin sister Nannie, who married Mathew H. Hale, of Point Pleasant, West Virginia; Lucy, deceased; Daniel C., Jr., of Point Pleasant, West Virginia ; Harry, deceased; Gertrude, deceased, and Fmma C., wife of F. M. Lockhart, of Neodesha, Kansas. Daniel C. T,ovett was a miller in Parkersburg, and in 1848 was elected County Surveyor of Wood County, Wet Virginia. He held that office continuously until his death, February 22, 1859.   Our subject received hiS education in the academy at Parkersburg, conducted by John C. Nash. At the age of sixteen, he entered the drug store of A. N. Williams, and remained there until his majority. From 1862 till 1881, he was a steamboat clerk on the Ohio River. From 1881 until 1888. he was a clerk in the Kanawha Valley Bank in Charleston, West Virginia. In 1888, he removed to a farm in Monroe Township, Adams County, and remained there until 1891. While a resident of Monroe Township, he served as Township Clerk a number of terms. In 1891, he removed to Manchester, where he has resided ever since. He is now bookkeeper for the C. Roush Flour Mill. He was married to Miss Jane Stevenson, November 3, 1872, daughter of David and Elizabeth (Halbert) Stevenson, of Monroe Township (See sketch of Capt. Samuel C. Stevenson). The children of this mar-   BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCHES - 791   riage are David, in the mercantile business in the Indian Territory; Gordon Dickey, clerk in the Farmers' Bank of Manchester; Richard Stevenson, Lewis Ruffner, Harry Putney and Edward Craig.   Wesley B. Lang   of Manchester, is a son of James Lang and Sarah McHenry, his wife, and was born at the old homestead in Sprigg Township, January 9, 1854. He spent his youth on the farm and was educated in the common schools and in the graded school at Bentonville. He has always taken an active part in county and township political affairs, and is recognized as one of the shrewdest politicans in the Republican party in Adams county. The success of the Republican county ticket in the very close county of Adams has frequently hinged on the clever work of Mr. Lang. Recognizing this fact, President McKinley, February 15, 1899, appointed Mr. Lang Postmaster at Mancheter, the highet salaried office in Adams County, although he was a resident of Sprigg Township at the time, and there were many prominent applicants for the position, residents of Manchester. On February 6, 1889, Mr. Lang was united in marriage to Miss Lena Kirschner, a daughter of Godfried Kirschner, of Vineyard Hill, and there has been born to them two daughters, Martha and Lillie.   Dr. William Brace Loney,   physician and surgeon, West Union, Ohio, was born on a farm near North Liberty, Knox county, Ohio, June 25, 1864. In early manhood, Dr. Loney came with his parents, J. J. Loney and Ethalinda Loney, to West Union, where they conducted a hotel, now the Downing House,, and formerly the Crawford House, for several years. During this period our subject was variously engaged to earn the means to assist him in attaining the ambition of his life. He clerked in his father's hotel, solicited for a publishing house, conducted a livery stable, and performed any kind of physical labor that would earn him money. Finally he acquired means sufficient to take a course in Starling Medical, College, Columbus, Ohio, from whence he graduated in 1892. He practiced his profession first at Cedar Mills, and afterwards at Dunkinsville, where he was most successful. In 1897, he gave up his office and entered the Chicago Polyclinic, where he took a post-graduate course. He then returned to Adams County, locating at Wet Union, where he enjoys a large and lucrative practice. Dr. Loney is recognized as one of the best read physicians of the county. In politics, he is a staunch Democrat, and has often been requested by the leaders of that party in Adams County to stand as a candidate for the Legislature or other county office, but he is too closely wedded to his profession to give his time to the duties of political office. In his religious views, the Doctor is strictly orthodox, yet he has never been connected with any church organization.. He is a member of several fraternal societies.   George Mc Adow Lafferty   was born March 27, 1824, at West Union. His father was Absalom Lafferty and his mother's maiden name was Margaret McDaid, a sister of Col. John McDaid. Her father was Robert McDaid. Absalom   792 - HISTORY OF ADAMS COUNTY   Lafferty was a native of Connellsville, Pennsylvania, and settled at West Union prior to 1820. He had the trade of shoemaker, which he carried on for a long time in West Union. While a resident of West Union, he manufactured shoes for Ohio and Union Furnaces. He also conducted a general store at West Union. He died July 13, 1848, aged fifty-four years. His wife, Margaret Lafferty, died September 9, 1859, aged fifty-four years. Our subject was the eldest son. He attended school at West Union under Ralph McClure, Leonard Cole and Thomas Hayslip. He was apprenticed to the trade, of cabinet maker under Peter B. Jones; of Maysville, Ky., in the years 1838 to 1840. In the latter year he went into partnership with Joseph Hayslip, of West Union, in the cabinet making business, under the firm name of Lafferty & Hayslip, which continued several years. In 1852, he removed to Rome, Ohio, where he engaged in the mercantile business and continued in that until 1897. Since that time he has made his home with his children.   He was married first to Jerusha Jones, widow of Hamlin Jones, in 1852. She died in 1854. He was married in 1856 to Miss Ann M. Cox, daughter of Martin Cox, and she died in 1875.   His son, Charles M. Lafferty, engaged in buying ties at Rome. His second son, George W., was formerly a buyer of tobacco but is now engaged in conducting the New Commercial Hotel at West Union. His son, Henry B. resides at Carrollton, Ky. His daughter Anna is the wife of George B., residing near Washington, Pa. Two of his children died in infancy.   Mr. Lafferty has always been a Whig and a Republican. He is a member of the Methodist Church and is highly respected by all who know him.   Albert Gallatin Lockhart,   of Greene Township, was. born September 19, 1839, on the farm on which he now resides. His father, Robert F. Lockhart, was born in Kentucky, October 18, 1793, and was a private soldier in the War of 1812. He was married to Sarah Hemphill, a native of Pennsylvania, on September 17, 1818. They had ten children, five of whom are living and five deceased. The living children are our subject, his brother, Robert E. Lockhart, Ann, wife of W. F. McCormick ; Irene, wife of Reuben McKay, of Portland, Ohio, and Sarah, wife of John Campbell, of Cedar Mills, Ohio. Our subject's father died August 31, 1858, and was buried on his farm.   Robert E. Lockhart was a prosperous farmer, and owned six hundred acres of land east of The mouth of Brush Creek in the Ohio Valley. His wife was born September 17, 1795, and died September 18, 1873.   Our subject was reared a farmer and never had any other occupation. He had a common school education. He was married October 20, 1897, to Miss Ida Stephenson, daughter of Isaac Stephenson. She was born August 26, 1872. They have two children, Alberta, aged two years, and Albert G., Jr., aged five months.   Mr. Lockhart owns eight hundred acres of land, the patent to which was signed by President George Washington. His valley land is very productive under his excellent management. He is not a member of any   BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCHES - 793   church, but his religious belief is expressed in the doctrines of the Presbyterian Church. In his political views he is a Democrat. He has always been active in his party, but has never sought any public office.   Elijah Darius Leedom.   William Leedom, the grandfather of our subject, came from Virginia. He landed at Manchester in 1795, and settled near Bentonville, where the old Leedom Tavern now stands. He was the father of twelve children, six boys and six girls. He erected the celebrated Leedom Hotel, a portion of which is still standing, called the Farmer's Inn. He was a very popular landlord, as he fed well and charged moderately. He entertained Gen. Jackson when he was on his way to accept the Presidency. Joseph Leedom is sketched under the title of John Meek Leedom in this work. William Leedom's son George was a minister in the Methodist Protestant Church. His other sons were farmers.   His son Aaron was the father of our subject, and located north of where Bentonville now stands. Aaron Leedom was a large dealer in horses and mules, taking many droves to New Orleans by land. He was quarantined in New Orleans seven months on account of yellow fever and cholera, in 1832. He also loaded may flatboats with flour and bacon, floated them to Natchez, and sold them to the planters. He was born in Sprigg Township in 1803, and married Miss Henrietta House in 1824. To this union were born five sons and seven daughters. There are three sons and four daughters living. David C., the oldest son, settled in Thayer Comity, Nebraska. where his sons are representative members of society ; two of them having been elected to county offices several times, while another owns and edits the leading journal of the county. Shannon W., went to Pike's Peak during the gold excitement, and has been in the mining business ever since. He is at present part owner and manager of a silver mining company near Monterey, Mexico. Their son, Flijah D. Leedon, our subject, was born near where Bentonville now stands, in 1832. He was educated in the common schools until he was seventeen years of age, when he attended the select school of Prof. Miller for two years. He then began teaching and taught five years. In 1854, he was married to Miss Eveline Watson, by Rev. W. J. Quarry, then Methodist minister on the West Union Circuit. He had three daughters and one son. His son, William A. Leedon, died at Osgood, Indiana, in 1874. Frances, the oldest daughter, married W. L. Yates, a real estate dealer of Cincinnati. His daughter, Nora A., married H. B. Andrews, a hardware dealer of Osgood, Ind. His third daughter, Ella B.. is still single. She studied music at the Cincinnati College of Music.   Our subject was elected Township Trustee of Sprigg Township for four terms, and Township Treasurer for two terms. He was Postmaster of Bentonville, Ohio, under President Buchanan from 1857 to 1861. On September 20, 1864, he was appointed First Lieutenant of Company I, 182d O. V. I. He was appointed Adjutant of the Regiment November 29, 1864, and mustered out July 7, 1865. He was elected County Treasurer of Adams County in 1867 for two years, and re-elected in 1869. His term expired in 1872, and he removed to Osgood, Ind.,   794 - HISTORY OF ADAMS COUNTY   in November, 1872. He was in the mercantile business there for ten years. He removed to Cincinnati, Ohio, and was in the wholesale boot and shoe business there under the firm name of Butterworth & Company for three years. At that time his health failed to such an extent that he withdrew as a partner and took a position as travelling agent for the firm until 1891, at which time be entered into business at Young's Station, Scioto County, Ohio. He was appointed Postmaster at Young's under President Harrison in 1891, which position he still holds.   He has always been a Democrat, prominent and influential in the councils of his party. He has been a member of the Christian Disciples Church since 1867, and has been a consistent member and hard worker in the church. He holds the position of elder in the church.   J. W. McCormick,   of Wamsleyville, son of Charles McCormick and Rebecca McCall, was born in Lewis County, Kentucky, November 1, 1847, and afterwards came with his parents to White Oak, Adams County, Ohio. In 1862, his father removed to Scioto County and resided there until 1874, when he returned to Adams County.   Our subject taught school in Scioto and Adams Counties from 1869 until 1878, and then clerked for S. B. Wamsley at Wamsleyville, in the building which he now occupies. In 1881, he formed a partnership with George and Shannon Freeman and carried on a general store. In 1887, he disposed of his interest and began the same business with his brother, Dr. G. W. McCormick, which they continued until the Summer of 1898. He is now engaged in the bicycle trade at Wamsleyville.   He married Miss Mary Weaver, daughter of Henry Weaver, of Scioto County, April 6, 1871, by whom he has had four children: Clarence E., Icie Florence, James C., and Charles, who died October 3, 1891. Mr. McCormick is an active, prosperous business man with the confidence and respect of patrons and acquaintances. He is a member of the Christian Union Church, but was reared a Methodist. He also belongs to Wamsleyville Lodge, No. 653, I. O. O. F. He has always affiliated with the Democratic party.   Alfred B. Myers, (deceased,)   a son of James Myert and Salina Howard, his wife, was born in Union Township, Brown County, Ohio, March 25, 1855. The paternal grandfather of our subject, John Myers, came from Pennsylvania to Brown County in pioneer days and settled on the old McClain farm near Ripley. Here James Myers was born in August, 1819. He grew to man's estate and married Salina, a daughter of Abner Howard, a prominent farmer of Union Township. James Myers was an industrious and frugal husbandman, and became one of the wealthy men of his community. He died July 2, 1892, his faithful wife having gone before, April 11, 1890. On January 24, 1876, Alfred R Myers was united in marriage to Miss Melissa Tumbleson, daughter of Abel and Mary Higgins Tumbleson, of Sprigg Township, Adams County. Mr. and Mrs. Tumbleson were devout and earnest members of the Christian or "New Light"   BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCHES - 795   Church, and their home was the stopping place for Flder Mathew Gardner, Rev. William Pangburn, and other fathers of the church.   To Alfred B. Myers and his wife were born James W., deceased, a son who died in infancy, and Clifton G., a bright young man now at home with his mother, the father having died in Brown County, November, 14, 1883. In 1886, his widow removed to Sprigg Township, Adams County, where she now resides.   John Riley Mehaffey,   of West Union, was born March 6, 1824, near Belfast, Highland County, Ohio, son of William and Esther (Ellison) Mehaffey. The father of our subject was born December 12, 1797, in Westmoreland County, Pennsylvania. On February 9, 1820, he married Esther Ellison, daughter of Arthur Ellison, of Gift Ridge. She was born July 8, 1801, and died February 2, 1885. William Mehaffey came with his parents from Pennsylvania to Adams County in 1799. They settled at Hills Fork on the farm now occupied by Frank Williams. John Mehaffey, grandfather of our subject, was a native of Westmoreland County, Pennsylvania. His wife was Rachel Gordon, of the same place. He was born. August 31, 1757. Rachel Gordon was born August 30, 1763. John Mehaffey died in Highland County, August 20, 1848, and is buried in Ebenezer Cemetery near Mowrystown. Rachel, his wife, died May 30, 1844. John Mehaffey was a soldier in the Revolutionary War. His record as such will be found in the Revolutionary War article in this work, entitled "Revolutionary Soldiers." He served four years as a scout and Government spy among the Indians on the frontier in Western Pennsylvania and along the Ohio River. He was a personal friend of General Anthony Wayne and was detailed by him on many perilous and important undertakings. In the War of 1812, being too old to enlist, he went as a substitute for William Pilson. He was a Private in Lieut. Banet Ristine's Company, Col. Edwards' Regiment, First Ohio Militia. He enlisted July 29, 1813, and served until August 22, 1813. He was also a Private in Captain Robert Morrison's Company of Keys' Regiment, Ohio Militia. In this organization he served as a substitute for William McIntire until September 8, 1813. He took part in the campaign at Lower Sandusky. He served as a guard for the wagon train in the expedition to Upper Sandusky and was delayed on duty six weeks after the principal would have been discharged from service.   The children of John and Rachel (Gordon) Mehaffey are Robert, who died in Vigo County, Illinois ; Joseph, who died in Peoria, Ill.; Samuel, who died in Wapello, Iowa ; William, father of our subject ; John, who died in Highland County, Ohio; James, who died at Unity, Ohio; Nain, who died at Peoria, Illinois ; Nancy, who married a Sterling, of Illinois, and Jane, who married Hiram Silcott, of Peoria, Illinois. Two sons and daughters died young.   Our subject lived in Highland County, Ohio, until 1830, when he removed with his parents to Hills Fork. He attended school under the teaching of the Hon. John T. Wilson, in Highland County, at the age of five years (in 1829). He resided on the farm at Hills Fork from 1830 until 1844, when he began teaching, which occupation he followed until 1872. On February 9, 1860, he was married to Mary L. Saylor,   796 - HISTORY OF ADAMS COUNTY.   daughter of Jacob Saylor, who was a veteran in the War of 1812, being a member of the Seventeenth Regulars, serving under General Scott at Lundy's Lane. The children of John Riley and Mary L. Mehaffey are Ann Fliza, wife of W. J. Shuster ; Fsther Flizabeth ; Laura Ella, wife of John S. Patton ; Mary Bell and William Saylor, who live on the farm.   Mr. Mehaffey enlisted in Company I, 141st 0. V. I., and was made a Sergeant. He served five months, stationed at Barboursville, West Virginia. He lived on his farm until 1893, when he removed to West Union. He is a member of the regular Baptist Church at West Union, becoming such at the organization of that church, April, 1840. He and Mrs. Mosier, his sister, are the only two living of the original number. He served as Township Clerk two terms ; as Township Trustee for several years, and as Justice of the Peace for five terms, 1861 to 1870 and 1878 to 1884, in Liberty Township.   Mr. Mehaffey is regarded as a model citizen, sober, honest and industrious, and in public affairs is a man above the average in judgment. The foregoing sketch was written, submitted to Mr. Mehaffey, and approved as to the facts. He died on the twentieth of February, 1900, of a stroke of paralysis. He believed that every duty in life should be well done and lived up to that principle. As a result he has left a memory of a life well spent.   James Alexander Murphy   was born June 11, 1828, at Buford, in Highland County. His father was Andrew Murphy and his mother, Mary Chapman. His father died when he was only two years of age. At the age of ten years he was apprenticed to a blacksmith, Jack McQuitty, at Buford, and served until he was eighteen years of age. At that age, he went to High school at Greenfield, Ohio. He studied medicine with Dr. Higgins, in Buford, and completed his, medical course in t85o. He located in Rarden, Scioto County, and practiced medicine there until 1852. He then gave up the practice of medicine and began keeping a store at Locust Grove. January 19, 1854, he married Miss Fliza Ann Crabb, at her father's (Alexander Crabb) home, near Locust Grove. Her mother's maiden name was Sarah McCutcheon. Our subject and his wife began housekeeping in the Grove and resided there until 1857, when they removed on the Crabb farm now occupied by George Murphy.   In November, 1861, Mr. Murphy returned to merchandising in Locus Grove and continued it until August 19, 1862, when he became Captain of Company F, 117th 0. V. I., afterwards Company E, First Ohio Heavy Artillery, and served with this company until) the twenty-fifth of July, 1865. Captain Murphy was a brave and a patriotic citizen and he induced his neighbors and friends very generally to enter the service. He certainly did his full share by influence and example in the suppreSsion of the Rebellion. When he returned from the army, he resumed the business of merchandising and conducted it until 1872, when he sold out his stock of goods and purchased the Platter farm, to which he removed, and on which he continued to reside until his death. He conducted his farm from 1872 until 1884. In the latter   BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCHES - 797   year his health gave way and he was unable thereafter to farm or attend to any active business. From that time until his death on September 2, 1893, he was an invalid. He died of pulmonary consumption brought on by the hardships and exposures of his service in the Civil War. His life was undoubtedly shortened many ycars on account of his army service, and of him it may be truly said his life was a sacrifice to his country. Captain Murphy was a large man of powerful physique and commanding presence. His personal appearance would attract attention anywhere. He was of a pleasant and courteous disposition and very well liked by his neighbors. In his own business he was a good manager and he was a forceful man in the community. He was a Whig and a Republican. At one time he was a Trustee of his Township. He was a candidate for County Treasurer on the Republican Ticket, in 1869, but was defeated. He was a member of the Masonic order and was always a good citizen. His widow still survives. His eldest daughter, Sarah Ann, is the wife of Dr. James S. Berry, of Peebles. His second daughter, Mary A., is the wife of William Custer, of Peebles. His son, John Andrew, is at home with his mother. His son, Canova Vandexter, resides in Clinton County and is a farmer. His son. George Washington, lives on the home farm north of Locust Grove. His son, William David, is a physician in Fayette, Fulton County, Ohio.   John William Morrison.   His birth was November 12, 1853. He was the son of James Morrison and Mary J. Cobler, his wife. His grandfather, William Morrison, married a daughter of Ralph Peterson. Our subject was educated in the common schools and was a farmer all his life. His father was a member of Company K.. 181st 0. V. I. He enlisted October 7, 1864, and died March 16, 1865, while home on furlough, from the results of the service, when his son, our subject, was but twelve years of age. He was left the eldest of seven children, with his widowed mother, to face the world and hold the family together, and right nobly did he bear his burden. These children ranged from twelve to one year of age, three brothers and three sisters, whose care, support and education devolved almost wholly on him. That they have taken their places in the world in honorable positions is largely due to the example and force of character of their elder brother.   Our subject was married October 29, 1884, to Miss Margaret F. Carson, daughter of James Carson and Eleanor Greathouse, his wife, a woman of a most lovely and lovable disposition. The marriage was a very happy one. He and his wife located near Peebles. His domestic happiness was not, however, to last long. In June, 1896, he was taken with a catarrh of the bowels and the disease steadily progressed till the sixth of July, 1897, when he passed from Earth to Heaven.   During the thirteen years of his married life he was blessed with four children ; two of these died in infancy and two, a daughter, Mary Ellen, and a son, Alfred Alonzo, survive.   In his political views he was a Democrat. He was not a member of any fraternal organization. He was a member of the Christian Disciple Church and lived up to its teachings. In all his tastes he was   798 -HISTORY OF ADAMS COUNTY   domestic. He felt that he belonged to his wife and children as well as they to him, and for this reason was not a fraternity man. He believed in doing the duty nearest to him and pursued it. Dying in the prime and high noon of life, he was not permitted to demonstrate what his energies, his mind and heart could accomplish, but his career to its ending gave promise of a life full of usefulness and honor. He was reserved in his intercourse with his fellows, unassuming and even tempered. Re was honorable, just and obliging. He was most sympathetic with those in sickness or affliction, and they could and did most gratefully appreciate his ministrations.   He left a record of human sympathy, of religious feeling and experience, of affection in his family and among his friends, of industry, economy, which will yield a sweet smelling incense so long as it shall remain. He did not live in vain and his memory is a benediction speaking blessed words to those who feel his loss.   Henry F. McGovuey.   Henry Francis McGovney was, for twenty years, a prominent character and moving spirit in the fierce political contests for which Adams County is conspicuously notorious. He was a Democrat of the Jackson school. He believed in the principles and party doctrines as laid down and exemplified by that saint of Democracy, and by his works he proved his faith. The death of Henry F. McGovney lost to the Democracy of Adams County a faithful adherent and one of its safest counsellors. He served his party as a soldier in the rank and file as faithfully as when a leader of its hosts. He gave to it, in financial support, more than he ever received from it. His party adherence sprang from love of principle, not from hope of gain. His party elected him Sheriff of Adams County in 1879, and again in 1882. In 1891, he received the nomination for the office of County Treasurer, but was defeated with others on the ticket through the efforts of the Populists, ,a political organization which drew largely from the Democratic party in Adams County. In 1893, he was endorsed by Senator Calvin S. Brice for the United States Marshalship for the Southern District of Ohio, but through the efforts of Ex. Gov. James F. Campbell, chiefly, it is said, between whom and leaders of Democracy in Adams County there existed great political animosity, President Cleveland was persuaded to ignore Senator Brice's recommendation, and he appointed another instead.   Henry F. McGovney was above the average in stature, of good personal appearance, had an open, pleasing countenance, and was social and kind in his intercourse with friends and acquaintances. Quiet and unobtrusive in his relations with men, yet he had courage when aroused such as made him no mean antagonist. An only son, reared to years beyond man's estate under the guidance of a loving but judicious father, surrounded with the comforts, but free from the 'foibles of life, he began his career as farmer, merchant, and politician, evenly poised and well equipped for the work which afterwards distinguished him in those respective spheres. He was the son of Scott McGovney and Hannah Fear, and was born and reared on the old homestead on Brush Creek in Jefferson Township, near the Osman bridge. He received the rudiments of an FngliSh education in the county schools of that vicinity.   BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCHES - 799   In his twenty-seventh year, he married Sophia Phillips, a daughter of Henry Phillips, at the time one of the largest landholders in Adams County. She died in October, 1896, and her loss saddened the remainder of his life. He had no children. He was prominent in Masonic circles and had served as Master of West Union Lodge, F & A. M., and was at the time of his death a member of Calvary Commandery, at Portsmouth, Ohio.   On Thursday, December t, 1898, he died at the Good Samaritan Hospital in Cincinnati, from the effects of an operation performed there for cancer of the stomach. His remains were brought to his home in West Union and interred in the new Old Fellows Cemetery. He was in his forty-eighth year at the time of his death, having been born February to, 1850.   George S. McCormick.   George S. McCormick was born March 27, 1822, near Steam Furnace, in Adams County. His father, James McCormick, was a native of Pennsylvania, and his mother, whose maiden name was Hannah Hawk, was a Virginian. They were married in Pennsylvania, and very soon thereafter loaded their household goods upon a flatboat at Pittsburg and floated down the Ohio, landing at some point near Wrightsville in the year 1808   James McCormick was a collier and molder, and soon found employment among the furnaces which were then the principal industry in Adams County. He made his permanent home near Old Steam Furnace, where the subject of this sketch was born, never leaving the county except during the War of 1812, when he served with Gen. Wm. H. Harrison at Fort Wayne.   To him and his wife were born nine children, in the order named : Mrs. Jane Page, Mrs. Flizabeth Freeman, Mrs. Mary Wamsley, William, James, Charles, Mrs. Hannah Mitchell and George. Of these only Mrs. Margaret Freeman is living at this time (1898).   James McCormick was a man of magnificent physique, broad-chested, strong of limb and active. He had a firm set jaw, with a double row of teeth above and below, and soon became known as "Burr" McCormick, a name given him because of the fact that his hair, which was usually cropped close, stuck straight out, and was of a reddish hue, about the color of a ripened chestnut burr. His advent among the furnace men of course created considerable speculation as to whether or nol he was what they termed a "good man." He had hardly taken his place in the foundry before he was challenged by the "bully" of the furnace to a test at fisticuffs. McCormick was a strict Presbyterian, and did not believe in fighting, but when it come to a question of whether he should fight or be whipped, he chose the former, and soon made short work of his adversary.   This. established his reputation at that furnace, but it did not end his troubles. Knowledge of his ability soon sped to rival furnaces, each of whom boasted their best man, and since he would not leave his home, pilgrimages were made to the furnace in which he found employment in order that he might be challenged, and the question of which had the bet "bully" be thus settled. It is said that he never met defeat. He was   800 - HISTORY OF ADAMS COUNTY   regarded a strong man, not only physically, but mentally and morally, and many of his good qualities were inherited by the subject of this sketch.   In the early days of Adams County the opportunities of securing even a common school education were very meager. Three months of the year, George Smedley McCormick walked miles through mud and rain to the little log school house, for it was only in the dead of Winter, when all labor was at a standstill, that time could be given to the development of the mind. By sturdy perseverance and close application, at the age of eighteen, he found himself competent to teach, and took charge of his first school on the West Fork of Scioto Brush Creek. He followed this profession for six years. teaching in both Adams and. Scioto Counties. One of his, first schools was in Nile Township, Scioto County, and the building is till standing. It is a log structure about fifteen by twenty feet, with one log left out of the side for a window. This crevice was closed by means of window glass and greased paper. Just under it, running the entire length of the building, was a desk, called the writing desk, at which the entire school were obliged to seat themselves when taking instructions in that branch.   His salary was seldom more than $12.50 per month, from which he Saved until he was enabled to attend through two terms of the Ohio Wesleyan University, then in its infancy. He was a man of frugal habits, and of good business judgment. He never speculated, but was content to see his worldly store increase through the legitimate profit of trade. The first piece of money he ever earned was a "fi' penny bit," which he received from his brother-in-law, Moses Freeman, for ploughing corn one day on hillside ground prolific of stones and roots. As the value of the coin was but six and one-fourth cents, the reader will understand how well it was earned. With characteristic thrift he placed this money at interest, an elder brother being the borrower, and to the latter's surprise on the day of settlement the piece had doubled itself.   He began his career as a merchant in 1846 at the little village of Commercial, ane mile and a half below Buena Vista and just within the borders of Adams County. His capital consisted of one hundred and fifty dollars, saved from his earnings as a school teacher, and five hundred dollars borrowed from his brother-in-law, the Rev. Jesse Wamsley, of "Bill Town," now Wamsleysville.   In 1848, he built for Mr. Wamsley the first house erected in Buena Vista, after it was platted as a town, and placed in it the first stock of goods ever sold in that village. The site selected was the spot on which stands the family residence, in which he passed his last days. This house came into his possession about ten years before his death, though removed to another site, and is still in use for residence purposes.   In the Spring of 1850, he removed to Rome, this county, where he conducted a successful business for nine years. His health becoming impaired, he purchased a farm in Nile Township, Scioto County, to which place he removed his family in 1859. In '62 and '63, he was engaged in merchandising for the second time in Rome, having for a partner George Lafferty, during which time his family remained on the farm.   After five years spent in farming he removed to Portsmouth in 1868, where he engaged in the grocery business. In 1870, he returned to his   BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCHES - 801   farm, and in 1875 the second time went to Buena Vista, where he remained constantly engaged in business until within a year of his death.   He began life with empty hands, a strong will and a clear intellect, and succeeded in leaving behind him ample provision for the wants of those nearest and dearest to him. He loved an honest man, and if there be added to his honesty intelligence, he always strove to make of such an Otte a friend. It was an impossibility for him to be anything but charitable, and the readiness with which he forgave those who dealt with him unjustly was often a source of annoyance to his friends and business associates. This forgiving spirit cost him many a dollar, but amply were he and his frends repaid when, during his last illness, he rejoiced that he could leave the world bearing malice towards no man.   He was a man of many strong friendships, and especially did he like at all times the company of the young.   In those early days Masonry meant much, and he took a very great interest in the work, being at one time an officer in the lodge at West Union, although he lived as far away as Rome. He was also an Odd Fellow, and a member of the Methodist Church. In politics, he was an enthusiastic Democrat but was broad-minded enough to recognize merit in any party and often voted for those of opposite party affiliations. He held a number of Township offices, as a matter of duty imposed by good citizenship, but declined many honors proffered by his party which would have carried him into the arena of active party politics.   He was married in 1847 to Nancy Fleak, of Cincinnati. Seven children were born to them, only two of whom are now living, Charles A., a merchant at Buena Vista, and A. F. McCormick, an attorney at Portsmouth. Ohio.   Crockett McGovney   was born June 19, 1825, in Liberty Township, Adams County, Ohio. His father was Thomas McGovney and his mother's maiden name was Jane Graham. He attended the common schools in Liberty Township, and near his uncle,. John Graham, on Ohio Brush Creek. He also took a course of bookkeeping at West Union. His wife was Sarah Holmes, the daughter of Thomas Holmes. She was born November 28, 1824. They were married December 20, 1849. Directly after his marriage, he and his wife went to Olive Furnace in Lawrence County, where he was the furnace torekeeper for two years. From 1851 to 1854, he was storekeeper for Robert Scott & Company at Mt. Vernon Furnace in Lawrence County. In September, 1854, he made what now appears aS a business mistake. He left the furnace region and returned to Adams County. He went into the dry goods business at Bentonville, but only remained in it for six months. At the end of that time, he built the flour mill in Bentonville in connection with Thomas Foster. He remained in this business until the Spring of 1857, when he sold out and went to Missouri. By August, 1857, he tired of that experiment and returned to Adams County. He established a dry goods business at North Liberty and continued in it six months, when he sold out to William L. McVey. He bought the flour mill at the same place and operated it until August, 1858, when he sold out. He removed to Manchester and bought the flour mill on Front   802 - HISTORY OF ADAMS COUNTY   Street. He conducted this business and a coal yard in connection with it until March, 1866, when he disposed of it.   In 1863, he, David McConaughy and George S. Kirker, went into the pork packing business as Kirker, McGovney & Company. It proved disastrous and he sunk $4,000. From 1866 to 1872, he and William Henderson, his son-in-law, conducted the dry goods business at Manchester. In 1872, he went into the planing mill business in Manchester and continued it until his death. This business was quite profitable and successful. He had two children, a son and daughter. His son, Lafayette, is a farmer near Aberdeen. His daughter, Caroline, was married to William Henderson, November 16, 1868.   Mr. McGovney had a natural taste and aptitude for business. He would have had success in any business he undertook unless he labored against conditions he could not control. Had he remained in the furnace region, he would have been one of the principal iron masters of the district. He succeeded in everything he undertook but pork packing, and. would have succeeded in that were it not he was subject to conditions he could not control. The chief features of his character were industry and energy. When in a given situation where others were ready to give up and die, he began to work. He was always cheerful. While he was losing money in the pork packing business, he never complained. He worked for years under a business adversity which would have discouraged most men and soured them. He gave no outward sign of his losses, but went right along, just as agreeable to the public as though he were making money. He carried a mountain of debt and paid it off, principal and interest. While he lost money in the pork packing business, he made it back in the furniture business.   In politics, he was a Democrat and acted with that party untile the second election of President Lincoln, when he became a Republican and remained such all his life. He was a very strong Union man and loyal to the Government in the Civil War. He never held any offrce but that of Village Councilman and never belonged to any secret society. He was never a member of any church, but inclined to the doctrines of the regular Baptist Church. He was frequently chosen Councilman of Manchester and fulfilled his duties most acceptably: He dignified the office and was the best one the village ever had. He had a good judgment of all kinds of property. He was relentless and untiring in the pursuit of business. He was the leading spirit among the business men of Manchester for years. His integrity was as fixed as adamant. He topk sick and died at a time when his life was as full of business cares and responsibilities as it had ever been, but he met the final call with the utmot calmness and philosophy. He took sick August 27, and died September 2, 189o, of Bright's disease. Ten men like him would have made a city of Manchester.   Silas Dyer McIntire   was born December 31, 1824, and was reared a farmer's son. He was married first to Caroline Patton, daughter of John and Phoebe Patton, on the third of March, 1852. The children of this marriage were Ambrose Patton, now living at Lima, Ohio; Ruth, wife of Henry Brown, of Washington C. H.; Lizzie, wife of J. G. Glasgow ; Mary, wife of J. H. Morrison,   BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCHES - 803   of Bookwalter, Neb. His first wife died October 28, 1865, and on August 1, 1867, he was married to Sarah Marlatt, uaughter of Silas and Jane (Cane) Marlatt, of Eckmansville. The children of this second marriage were Pearl, wife of Dr. E. F. Downey, of Peebles; Jane Faye, Anna L., Wilber, and Andrew Homer. residing at home.   While a young man, S. D. McIntire taught school until his marriage, and after that was a farmer in Wayne Township the remainder of his life. He was a member of the U. P. Church at Cherry Fork, Ohio, and a ruling elder for many years. He was Justice of the Peace for Wayne Township, ;857 to 1865, eight years. In politics, he was a Republican and anti-slavery man. His father, Co!.. Andrew McIntire, has a separate sketch herein, and is also referred to in the article under the title of "The Cholera of 1849."   Squire McIntire, as he was familiarly known, was a man of high character, honest and honorable in all his dealings, and highly respected. He enjoyed the confidence of all who knew him. His widow survives him and resides with her four younger children on the old farm on which he lived and died.   Henry Harrison Mechlin,   manufacturer and dealer in lumber, of Winchester, Ohio, was born April 13, 1854, at Jasper, Pike County, Ohio, son of H. H. and Nancy (Coulter) Mechlin. William Mechlin, his grandfather, was one of the early settlers of Pike County, having emigrated from Butler County, Pennsylvania, in the twenties. His mother was a daughter of James Coulter, of Irish descent.   Our subject spent his boyhood on a farm in Pike County. He had such schooling as the District school of his vicinity afforded. As soon as he became of age, he became a traveler, visiting nearly every state and Territory in the United States. In 1879, he returned to Pike County, and engaged in the mercantile business for a period of three years and was quite successful. He then traveled through the South and Southwest until 1885, when he returned to Pike County.   He was married at Waverly, Ohio, to Miss Anna Burns, daughter of Robert Burns, April 18, 1886. After this, he settled at Coopersville, Pike County, and engaged in the timber business. He remained here until 1893, when he removed to Winchester, Adams County, where he engaged in the same business, and has since continued it. He owns and controls the most extensive lumber and sawmill business in the county, using more timber than any mill in the county. Since his location, he has cut and removed more timber than any like plant in the county. His mills are near the depot and are equipped with the most modern machinery. He uses electric lights, having a dynamo, which furnishes light to his plant and offices. He has six children, five boys and one girl, Rexford K., James C., H. Mark, Russell P., Marjory, and Colin N.   He is a Republican and a member of the Methodist Church. He is a member of the Knights of Pythias, Lodge No. 484, at Winchester.   William L. Miller     was born January 19, 1857, at North Liberty, son of John W. and Mary (Foster) Miller. John Miller, his grandfather, was a native of Washington County, Pennsylvania, and emigrated to this county in 1846, and   804 - HISTORY OF ADAMS COUNTY   settled near West Union. He married Mary Hamilton, of Pennsylvania. of Scotch descent, a sister of the Rev. James Hamilton, a noted Presbyterian minister. John W. Miller, the father of our subject, was the second son. He was born April 23, 1829, in Washington County, Pennsylvania, where he was a playmate of the Hon. James G. Blaine, in his boyhood. He married Mary A. Foster, daughter of Col. Samuel Foster. Col. Foster’s wife was Flizabeth McNeill, born July, 1829. He was Colonel of the Militia and Sheriff of Adams County from 1837 to 1841.   Our subject spent his boyhood on the farm, received a common school education, and pursued his studies further at the Normal school at West Union. He engaged in teaching for several years, and for four years he traveled as an agent for a publishing house in Cincinnati. He was appointed School Examiner of Adams County in. September, 1895, and served three years during the same period he was a teacher.   In 1898, he removed to a farm in Wayne Township, and now gives his entire attention to the same, being the Gen. William McIntire farm, a noted "Station" in the, days of the Underground Railroad.   He was married on September 19, 1887, to Kate R. Ellis, daughter of Hon. Jesse Ellis. of Aberdeen. Ohio. They have two children, Ulric Allen, aged eight, bright beyond his years. He could read the newspapers and write legibly at the age of four years, and is at present foremost in his classes in the first year of the High school. Their second child, Jesse Loretus, is aged four years. Mr. Miller's public career has been along lines perfectly satisfactory to his many friends throughout the county, although political demagogs tried without avail for a time to rob him of well-earned honors. He is of the progressive men of the community in which he resides.   Robert A. Mitchell   was born October 26, 1833. His father was Alexander Mitchell and Mother was Fleanor Foster. They were married in Adams County had six children. Of those living beside our subject are Mrs. Margaret Burwell, wife of Samuel Burwell, of West Union ; Mrs. Sarah Barber Mrs. Martha Mackay, of Portsmouth. Mr. Mitchell was born on Beasley's Fork of Brush Creek, where his father had a saw and grist mill. His father died on June 4, 1835, of Asiatic cholera, as related in a place in this work. After his father's death, William Kirker settled estate and the family moved to the William Kirker farm, where our subject lived until 1852. At seventeen, he served a two years apprenticeship at the cabinet making trade with George Lafferty and Joseph Hayslip In 1852, he went to Ironton and engaged in pattern making for the Foundry and Machine Works. In 1854, he returned to Portsmouth engaged in the same occupation with Ward, Murray & .Stephenson, remained in this business all the time until 1870. At that time, he w into the brick business at Sciotoville under the firm name of McCormick, Porter & Co. He took the management of it and remained there for years, when the business was changed into a corporation under the of the Scioto Fire Brick Company. He became the manager of that remained there until July, 1872, when they sold that and built the Brick Works below Sciotoville, under the name of McConnel, Towne &   BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCHES - 805   Co. It continued under that for five years, when it became the Scioto Star Fire Brick Works. He was manager and stockholder. In 1882, he went to Logan with W. Q. Adams, and built a fire brick works. He removed from there to Columbus and engaged in pattern making with the Scioto Valley Railroad Company and the Columbus Machine Company. In 1884, he removed to Portsmouth and was manager of the Portsmouth Fire Brick Company. In 1886, he went with the Star Brick Works and remained until 1897, and then went into the Portsmouth Planing Mill and was there one year. Since February, 1899, he has been with the Star, below Sciotoville.   He was first married in 1886 to Jane Miller. The children of this marriage were Frank, of Columbus, lately deceased ; Mary, married Frank Brown and lives in Clay City, Kentucky, and William C., who lives in Dayton, Ky. Hrs first wife died on February 11, 1866, and on February t, 1868, he was married in Portsmouth, Ohio, to Miss Maggie Wylie. The children of this marriage are Wylie T., a physician, practicing at Greenfield, Ohio, and married to Miss Minnie Fberhardt, of Portsmouth, Ohio; a daughter, Etta, married to William Mathews ; Nellie, Anna Laurie and Robert. There are three children deceased, Maggie, died at the age of eighteen, and the other two in childhood. His mother is still living, past ninety-three years of age, and is remarkably well preserved for her years.   Mr. Mitchell is a man of strict integrity and business honor. He is a Republican in politics. He is a member of the First Presbyterian Church of Portsmouth. Ohio, and has been an elder in that church for five or six years past.   Rev. Wilder N. Middleton,   one of the oldest living members of the Ohio Methodist Episcopal Conference, was born at Rapid Forge, Ross County, Ohio, September 22, 1835, and is the son of William and Mary (Himiller) Middleton, two of the pioneers of the Paint Valley. A year after his birth, his parents moved to a farm, where the village of Fruitdale now stands, and where they spent their lives. When seventeen years of age, he entered the old South Salem Academy, and after graduation there, spent three years at the Ohio Wesleyan University. In the Fall of 1858, he was examined by the late Dr. George C. Crum and was licensed to preach. On September 21, 1859, he left his home as an itinerant minister, having successfully passed the examination and being admitted in the Ohio Conference. In the years that followed, he was assigned to various fields of labor, among which were Dunbarton, Hanging Rock, Beaver, Waverly, Webster, Hilliards, West Jefferson, Rome and Wellston, at which last place, his throat became affected and he was compelled to give up his life's work and its ambitions.   On the twenty-eighth day of August, 1861, he was united in marriage to Cynthia E. Bailey, daughter of Cornelius W. Bailey, late of Piketon, Ohio. Two children have been born of this union, William H, and Arthur B. Since our subject retired from the ministry he resides on a farm in Pike County, enjoying the leisure he has so well earned. His son, Arthur B., resides with him, and his son,,William H., is one of the Common Pleas Judges of the Second subdivision of the Seventh District.   806 - MEMORY OF ADAMS COUNTY   Rev. Middleton is of a quiet and retiring disposition. He is diffident and unostentatious. He prefers being seen, rather than to be heard, but in support of his convictions will maintain them in face of the fiercest opposition. He is a student of men as well as of books. In the forty years he has spent in the active ministry, he has maintained a most elevated Christian character. He is held in the highest regard, not only by the ministry of his church, but by all who know him.   James H. Morrison,   the second son of David and Martha (Mitchell) Morrison, was born at Covington, Kentucky; June 18, i851. When he was six years old the family returned to the old Mitchell home in Nile Township, Scioto County, He attended school at Elm Tree schoolhouse and obtained his education there. He is a traveling salesman, and began as such in 188o for J. L. Hibbs & Company, of Portsmouth, Ohio. He traveled for them two years, then with. McFarland, Sanford & Company, of Portsmouth, Ohio; for Vorheis, Miller & Rupel, of Cincinnati, Ohio; for Jacobs & Sachs, of Cincinnati, Ohio, and for Sanford, Storrs & Varner.   Our subject is a Republican, but takes no active part in political affairs.   On November 3, 1874, he was married to Miss Ora D. McCall, daughter of Henry McCall, of Nile Township, Scioto County, Ohio. He has two children living, Louise, aged fourteen and James Hines, aged ten. His son, Henry McCall, volunteered in the Spanish War in April, 1898. in Company H, Fourth 0. V. I. The regiment was sent to Porto Rico, and when about to return, he was taken sick and died on shipboard October 26, 1898, and was buried at sea. He was but nineteen years old at the time of his death.   Benjamin Montgomery,   of Seaman, was born February 4, 1829, in Adams County, and has resided at his birthplace ever since. His father's name was John Montgomery and his mother's maiden name, Jane Haines. His maternal grandparents came from Ireland in about 179o, and settled in Ross County, Ohio. They were strict Covenanters. His mother died May 29, 1849, aged sixty-two years, and is interred at Tranquility. His mother was a very hard worker and a woman of extraordinary industry and energy and an expert spinner and weaver. In her younger days, she made all the clothing for her father's family, and for her own, after marriage. His father died June 16, 1863, at the age of seventy-three years, and is also buried at. Tranquility. He was born in Kentucky and removed to Adams County in 1800 with his parents, and settled on the West Fork of Brush Creek. He was one of five brothers, and four sisters. When a young man, he purchased a tract of land in the old Peyton survey, cleared it off, built a cabin, and then married. He resided there until his death. He raised five children. Hadassah, John Harvey Andrew H., Benjamin and James B. Andrew H., and Benjamin are the only ones now living. His father was one of the foremost men of his neighborhood in the erection of the pioneer log houses and barns, and in the making of rails. His paternal grandfather came from England at an early date.   BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCHES - 807   Our subject is a farmer by occupation and resides on the same farm that his father cleared. His education was received in the log schoolhouse in the district in which he resided.   Benjamin Montgomery was married to Margaret H. Seaton, January 15, 1859, and to them were born three children, Elmer E., Mary Edith and Charles W. Elmer E., resides with his father and has charge tit the farm. Mary Edith married H. R. Clarke, a miller employed at Harsha & Caskey's flour mills at Portsmouth, Ohio. They have one eon, Frederick Benjamin Clarke. Charles W., is "a physician and is conducting a pharmacy at Bethel, Clermont County, Ohio. He is married and has one son, Benjamin Brooks Montgomery.   Our subject's wife died in June 7, 1897. She was a member of the Mt. Leigh Presbyterian Church for thirty years. She has a brother, John Seaton, living at King's Creek, Champaign. County, Ohio, also, a sister, Eliza Clark, living at Harshaville, Ohio.   Mr Montgomery was a Democrat from the time he became of age until General Morgan with his raiders went through Adams County. He was then converted to the Republican party by that raid and has continued identified with that political organization. We give this statement in his own language. He was raised a Covenanter, but for the last twenty-five years he has been a member of the Mt. Leigh Presbyterian Church. He has a brother, Andrew H., now living in Kansas, a farmer, who, in his younger days, was a tanner and had control of the old tan- yard at Rarden, Ohio, with Orville Grant, a brother of Gen. U. S. Grant, as a partner.   Mr. Montgomery is regarded as one of the best citizens of the county and a most excellent neighbor. He is honest and honorable in all his dealings. He is a model farmer. He is one of the best judges of horses in the county and a great lover of them. He is a man of strong sympathies with those in distress and is ever ready to express his sympathies in the manner in which they will be most appreciated. No man stands higher in his community in public esteem.   Samuel Sterling Mason, (deceased,)   of Tiffin Township, was born, at Old Kitanning, Armstrong County, Pennsylvania, April 30, 18o6. Came with his parents to Adams County in 1814. Was a farmer and shoemaker. His father died when Samuel was nine years old, he being the oldest child, and with his mother and five younger children, without any means, raised the family. He cleared one hundred acres of leases before he ever owned a foot of land.. He married Lucinda Smith, and of this union the following children were born : Mary Ann, Almira, Samuel Smith, William Henry, George Richardson, Sarah Jane, John Wesley and Lewis Hamer. The subject of this sketch was of a military turn of mind. Was for years Captain and Colonel of the Adams County Militia. Raised a Company for the Mexican War, but did not get in. Belonged to the home guards in 1862-3 and was Drum Major. Politically a Jackson Democrat and never voted any other ticket. Had a genial disposition, and was an honest man. Served the people for twenty-four years as Justice of the Peace and one   808 - HISTORY OF ADAMS COUNTY   term as County Commissioner. Was a War Democrat, but was defeated by the soldier vote, by twenty for a second term as Commissioner, when the county went six hundred Republican. He died April 28, 1878.   Dr. Flavius J. Miller,   physician and pharmacist, West Union, was born near Sugartree Ridge, Ohio. November 18, 1824. He is a son of Hon. William Miller, who represented Highland County in the Ohio Legislature before the Civil War, and who was one of the leaders of the Democratic party in his county for many years. He died recently at Hillsboro at the age of ninety-one years.- His wife was Mary Igo, of Highland County.   The subject of this sketch was educated in the Public schools and when a young man taught several terms. In 1845, he began the study of medicine with Dr. David Noble, of Sugartree Ridge, and attended Ohio Medical College in 1848-9. He practiced his profession in Scioto county, Ohio, then in the State of Ill., and lastly in Adams County, Ohio, for a period of thirty years, since which he has been engaged in pharmacy and the real estate business. He married Miss Eliza Bunn, January 12, 1851. She was born at Sugartree Ridge, October 14, 1831 . si Mr. and Mrs. Miller have no family. Dr. Miller, while not a member of any church organization, has done much to help the Christian Union Church at Wet Union, where he has lived many years. He is a moralist in the fullest and best sense of the term. In politics, he is an "old-fashioned Democrat," following the footsteps of his illustrious father. He has accumulated a handsome fortune and is, with his life companion, enjoying in declining years the fruits of early industry and economy.   Sanford Alexander McCullough,   of Tranquility, was born on his father's farm near the above mentioned village, March 1 t, 1842. He is a descendant of a fine old Scotch-Irish family of which John McCullough, of Virginia, is the progenitor of the Ohio branch. He was a nephew of Major Samuel McCullough, who made the daring horseback leap into Wheeling Creek from the bluffs above it near Fort Henry at the time of its investment by the Indians in 1771. John McCullough spent the latter part of his life in Adams county. His son, Alexander McCullough, grandfather of the subject of this biography, was born in Rockbridge County, Virginia, where he married Nancy McCroskey, shortly after which event, he came to Adams county. He and his wife are buried in the old cemetery at Tranquility, or as formerly known, Hopewell Meeting House. He was a soldier in the War of 1812, and was in the engagement at Sandusky. He had a family of five children; Sarah, James, Tilford, Samuel B., who married Rebecca Cumings, and Archibald, father of our subject, who was born September 10, 1817. He was a carpenter by trade and lived on a farm. January 1, 1841, he married Sarah Flliott, daughter of Robert Elliott, who married Sallie McIntire. Archibald McCullough's children were, Sanford, Robert, Samuel, Nancy, James, Sarah, Addison, Willison, and. Steele. Sanford A., our subject, received a good common school education and improved his leisure hours in general reading which has added largely to his scholastic attainments. He enlisted as a Private in Corn-   BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCHES - 809   pany G, 129th 0. V. I., July 23, 1863, and was honorably discharged March 8, 1864. In August of that year, he re-enlisted in Company H, 173d 0. V. I., in which he was made Sergeant, and served until his honorable discharge at Nashville, June 26, 1865. October II, 1865, he married Miss Orlena A. McCreight, daughter of Major John McCreight, whose wife was Nicassa Dryden, of Tranquility. Mr. and Mrs. McCullough have had born to them three children: Spencer E., now deceased ; John E., of Peoria, Ill ; and Miss Myrtle May, living with her parents.   Sanford A. McCullough is one of the most prominent business men, and among the best known citizens of Adams County. Being industrious and frugal, and a man whose integrity has never been questioned, he has accumulated a large estate, and is rated among the most substantial business men of the county. He served for a number of years as a member of the Board of Trustees of the Wilson Children's Home, at West Union, and was selected by the late Hon. John T. Wilson, we of the executors of his vast estate. He has been twice elected a member of the Board of County Commissioners of Adams County on the Republican ticket when the rest of the ticket was overwhelmingly defeated, and is at present a member of that board. He is a member of the United Presbyterian Church of Tranquility in which he has held the office of Clerk for many years. Samuel A. McClanahan,   Of West Union, is a scion of a pioneer family of Adams County. He was born at the old McClanahan homestead in Liberty Township, now occupied by J. A. McClanahan, June 27, 1846. His great-grandfather, John McClanahan, emigrated from Tyrone County, Ireland, in 1785, and with his family settled on the James River in the Old Dominion, after which he removed to Kentucky, settling near Lexington in that State. Being opposed to human slavery, as it then existed in the South, he removed to Adams County, Ohio, and located on. the headwaters of the East Fork of Eagle Creek on lands still in possession of his descendants. By his second wife, Flizabeth Thompson, he had four children : William, Martha, Rebecca, and Margaret. William was the grandfather of our subject and was married to Nancy Paul, January 15, 1809. On September 28, 1814, his father deeded William fifty acres of a tract of one hundred acres bought from General Massie, and which is yet owned by his son, John McClanahan, born there October 20, 1820. William McClanahan lived there until his decease in 1858. He is buried at Cherry Fork. His son, James McClanahan, father of our subject, was born September 25, 1814. He received a good, common school education, and when a young man taught school for several years. He became one of the prominent business men of Adams County, and at his death had amassed quite a fortune. April 11, 1843, he married Miss Sophia Baldridge, a daughter of John Baldridge and Ada Cole, his wife, of Lick Fork. They reared a family of seven children.   Samuel A. McClanahan, the subject of this sketch, is a son and second child of James McClanahan and Sophia Baldridge. He received a good education, but has devoted his time to farming and stock raising   810 - HISTORY OF ADAMS COUNTY   for many years. At the age of eighteen years, he enlisted as a private in the 141st Regiment 0. V. I., and served in the Army of West Virginia until his honorable discharge with his regiment in 1864. He is a member of John W. McFerren Post, G. A. R., West Union, Ohio.   He was married October 6, 1870, to Miss Sarah M. Zercher, a daughter of Jacob and Katharine (Ebrite) Zercher, of Adams County. To them have been born eight children : Laura E., deceased ; J. Prank, Albert A. ; Robert P.: Nora Helen, deceased ; John B. ; Ralph H., and Margaret May. Mr. McClanahan owns a fine farm on the Maysville and Zanesville pike two miks southwest of West Union, and is rated among the most substantial citizens of the county. In politics, he is a Republican, and in religious affairs he adheres to the church of his fathers, the Presbyterian, in which he is an elder.   John G. Moss.   of West Union, Ohio, was born January 23, 1864, in Dover, Mason County, Ky. His father is Charles H. Moss, a native of West Virginia. His mother was Ellen D. Byant. His father removed to Kentucky in 1851, and his parents were married there, December 6, 1860. They resided there until our subject was fourteen years of age, when they removed to Ohio. He was educated in the common schools. He was married September 29, 1889, to Miss Sophia M. Woods, daughter of Dr. D. H. Woods. He has been engaged in business in West Union since 1890, first in dry goods, and since 1893, in the livery business. He is regarded as a good business man and well esteemed by all who know him. His wife: conducts one of the most fashionable millinery emporiums in Adams' County.   Rev. Abrams K. Murphy   was born October 2, 1849. He went to school at Granville from 1879 to 1882. This included his theological and academical course. In 1872, he was made a minister in the Baptist Church. He was ordained at Rome, in Adams County. He has preached at Winchester, West Union, Hillsboro, New Market, Wheelersburg, and is now in Ashland, Kentucky.   On March 27, 1883, he was married to Miss Fannie Kirkendall. They have three children living, Sarah Kelley, Charles F. and Lou W. He lost one son at the age of eight years, Hered, who was drowned in the Ohio Canal. He has always been a Republican in his political views. For the past eleven years, he has been a resident of Rushtown, Scioto County, Ohio.   He is highly esteemed as a citizen in his community, and as a minister, holds a high and influential position in his church.   At the time of the writing of this sketch, he is engaged as minister of , a Baptist Church in Ashland, Ky.   Leonidas N. Murphy   was born in Greene Township, Adams County, October 16, 1847, son of David Whittaker Murphy and his wife, Cynthia McCall. In 1849, his father moved to Buena Vista, in Scioto County. He attended the District school until he was fifteen years of age, and had the advantage of the township library, kept at his father's home, and all its books he read. In   BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCHES - 811   1851, he took his first lessons in merchandising in the store of Major W. C. Henry. In 1862, he worked on a farm for six months. In 1863, he was employed as a foreman by Caden Brothers for six months. On September 16, 1863, he came to Portsmouth and entered the house of C. P. 'Tracy & Company, wholesale shoe merchants, and for thirty-six years, from that time to the present, has been connected, and since 1868, he has been a partner in the same house.   Mr. Murphy has always been a Republican in his political views, but has steadily declined to be a candidate for any office. He never served in a public appointment, but that of Jury Commissioner of his county from 1894 to 1897. He has been a member of Bigelow M. E. Church since his residence in Portsmouth. He has been a steward of .that church for thirty years and Superintendent of its Sunday School for four years. He was married February 2, 1870, to Mary Katherine, daughter of Daniel McIntire, who in former years was a prominent contractor and builder in Portsmouth. He has three children, Laura, wife of Louis D. McCall, of Chicago; Dr. Charles T. Murphy of the same place ; Arthur Lee, a student at Pennington Seminary, N. J., and Julia Alice, residing at home. Mr. Murphy, while confined closely to his adopted city by his business, yet finds time to read much and keep thoroughly abreast with the times. He is a steady and hard worker in his business and in the activities of his church, but every Summer he takes a vacation of two to four weeks in which he rests himself by following the pursuit of fishing. He is an enthusiastic disciple of Isaac Walton. Mr. Murphy believes that the highest duty to man is to perform well, every day, and from day to day, the obligations before him in business, in society, in the church and in municipal and State affairs. In following this guiding principle for over thirty years, he has aided in building up one of the most substantial business houses in the State.   In following up this principle in the church, he has been an important factor in maintaining one of the most flourishing Methodist Episcopal Churches in the country, and for himself has established a character in business circles and in the State of which both he and his associates in business, his friends in the church and his fellow citizens may well be proud. In all matters, his word is as good as his bond and the latter is equal to the gold standard all the time.   William F. Mehaffey   was born April 1, 1849, in Liberty Township, Adams County, Ohio, near Fairview, on the farm now owned by Jacob Bissinger. In 1855, his father removed to near Decatur, but in the same township.   His father was Andrew Mehaffey and his mother's maiden name was Martha A. Flowers. She was from Muskingum County, Ohio. The Mehaffeys were originally from Ireland. The childhOod and youth of our subject were spent in his native township. He attended the District school and the academy at Decatur, in Brown County. Mr. Mehaffey was Township Clerk from 1875 to 1878, Township Treasurer from 1880 to 1883, and a Trustee of the Township from 1886 to 1891 and again from 1893 to 1896.   812 - HISTORY OF ADAMS COUNTY   He has always been a Republican and it would be a strange matter to find a Mehaffey in Adams County who was not one. He was married November 15, 1877; to Miss Melissa A. Weeks. Her mother was a McGovney. The Weeks family came from New Jersey. He and his wife are both members of the United Presbyterian Church, at Cherry Fork.   Capt. David Asbury Murphy,   of Oxford, Ohio, the oldest son of David W. and Cynthia A. Murphy, was born on a farm at Shamrock, Adams County, Ohio, April 3, 1842. He was married at Portsmouth, Ohio, September 18, 1865, to Miss Jennie M. Ball.   Army Record:. Private, Company H, 81st Ohio Volunteer Infantry, 1862-4; First Lieutenant and Adjutant, 184th Ohio Volunteer Infantry, 1865 ; Acting Assistant Adjutant General on Staff of Brevet Brigadier General Henry S. Commager, at Bridgeport, Alabama, 1865.   Editor : The Kentucky and Ohio Union, Portsmouth, Ohio, 1861-2; The Danville, Kentucky, Tribune, 1880-6; The Findlay, Ohio, Tribune, 1887-8.   Superintendent of Construction of U. S. Public Buildings : Frankfort, Kentucky, 1883-5; Jefferson, Texas, 1889-90 ; Clarksville, Tennessee, 1887-8.   Author of : "My Mother's Bible," "Serenade to McKinley," and "God-given Republic."   The God-Given Republic.   I   The modern Republic, salubrious its clime, Its domain extends from sea unto sea ; Its valleys are fruitful and its mountains sublime, As merry song-birds, its children are free. Happy are the thrifty beneath its flag unfurled, America, God's land, the garden of the world !   II   The mighty Republic, intelligence its goal, The people their will by ballots decree; Justice and good laws the masses guard and control, Freedom, man's birthright, brooks no tyranny. Homesteads for the homeless beneath its flag unfurled, America, God's land, the refuge of the world!   III   The matchless Republic, fraternity its sun, All may worship God as conscience dictates ; Equal rights unto all, special grants unto none, The Federal Union holds forty-five States. Brotherhood and free speech beneath its flag unfurled, America; God's land, the Canaan of, the world!   James G. Metz   was born. August 3, 1846, at Dunbarton, Ohio. His father, William Metz, was born. in Kentucky, May 6, 1806. Jacob Metz, the father of William Metz, emigrated first to Kentucky from Germany, and afterwards to the State of Ohio. Jacob Metz, the emigrant, by his first marriage had four   BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCHES - 813   children, William, Thomas, Elizabeth, and Martha ; all born in the State of Kentucky. Elizabeth married David Sprinkle, and Martha married George Killen. Jacob Metz was married a second time. There were seven children of this marriage, George, Jacob, Frank, Edward, and Michael, sons ; and two daughters, Amanda and Margaret. William Metz, the father of our subject, was reared in Adams County. He married Katherine Thomas, February 11, 1826, and she died February 10, 1845. The children of this marriage were Sarah A., married William Anderson; Susan, married Joseph McFarland ; George, married Amanda Warren; Thomas, married Elizabeth Francis ; Margaret, married James McGovney; also William J., married Della Gregory ; and Samuel, two sons. The second wife of William Metz was Hannah Williams. She was a granddaughter of James Williams, a Revolutionary soldier from Washington County, Maryland, born February. 22, 1759, in Chester County, Pennsylvania, and served ten months ; four months in the Maryland Militia and six months in the Pennsylvania Militia ; the last four being under Col, William Crawford, who was afterwards burned at the' stake by the Indians June 1, 1792.   There were seven sons of the marriage of William Metz and Hannah Williams, and no daughters ; James G., David H., Jacob F., Lewis T., Edward C., Frank C., and Uriah H., of whom three are living, James G., David H., and Edward C. Hannah Williams, the second wife of William Metz, died August 25, 1888, at the age of seventy years. Her father, James Williams, died September 8, 1873, at the great age of ninety-five years. His wife, Sarah Williams, died March 11, 1862, aged seventy-four years.   William Metz, father of our subject. was a resident of the vicinity of Dunbarton, Ohio, until 1856, when he removed to Rome, and continued to reside there the remainder of his life. He held township, offices in Meigs and Greene Townships. He was a member of the Methodist Fpiscopal Church. He was a Whig and Republican in his political views. He was an expert in the buying and selling of live stock. In Rome, he was engaged in the merchandising business with his son William, but gave no personal attention to the business. He was a steward in the Methodist Episcopal Church, and a prominent man for years. He died August 7, 1879.   Our subject was educated in the common schools and brought up on the farm. He enlisted in the Civil War in Company D, 173d 0. V. I., on September 1, 1864, at the age of eighteen years, and he served with the regiment until the twenty-sixth of June, 1865. He learned the trade of wagon making with. J. W. Pettit, at Rockville, Adams County, Ohio. He began as an apprentice in 1865, and bought out Pettit and carried on the business at Rockville until 1873. He then went to Calloway County, Missouri. He remained there nine months, came back to Rockville, and resumed his former business of wagon making. He removed to Rome in 1875, and went to farming, and continued that for a period of four years. In 1879, he went into the butchering business ; and in 1881 he engaged as a clerk for W. T. McCormick, and remained in that business until the Fall of 1899, when he was nominated by the Republican party of Adams County for Sheriff and elected.   814 - HISTORY OF ADAMS COUNTY   He was married November 7, 1865, to Mary Devoss, daughter of David and Rachel Devoss. They have had eight children, five of whom are living and three deceased. His living children are Frank C., married Ann Gray, living in Rome and engaged in the timber business. His daughter, Addie Belle, is the wife of E. A. Scott, Superintendent of the Schools at Augusta, Ky. His sons, James F. and George, and his daughter Bertha reside at home. He was elected Sheriff in 1899 by a majority of ninety-one over J. W. McKee, who had been elected on the Democratic ticket two years before.   Mr. Metz has been a Republican in his political views all his life. He is a member of the Methodist Episcopal Church, and was Superintendent of The M. E. Sabbath School in Rome for fourteen years prior to his becoming Sheriff. He is a Mason, Odd Fellow, and Knight of Pythias. He is a public-spirited citizen, a Christian gentleman, and an able, careful, and painstaking public official.   Enoch McCall   was born December l1, 1826, on the farm in Greene Township, Adams County, where he now resides. He is a son of Duncan and Mary (Smith) McCall, who were the parents of twelve children, four boys and eight girls : Lydia, married Mr. Woodworth ; Elizabeth, married Mr. Gregory ; Charlotte, died in childhood ; Samuel, died young; Rebecca, married Mr. McCormick; Abijah, Enoch, our subject ; Harriet, married Mr. Trickier; Melvina, died young; Abner, killed at the battle of Corinth, Mississippi; Melinda, married Mr. Hayslip ;" Francis, married Mr. Wikoff.   The father, Duncan McCall, was born August 8, 1791, at Jacob's Creek, Westmoreland County, Pennsylvania, the son of Solomon McCall, who had run away from his Scotland home in boyhood, and who, after serving for five years the philanthropist who paid the stowaway's fare to America, settled in Pennsylvania, married there, and two of his sons, Duncan and John, were born! there. The others were born in the neighborhood on the line between Adams and Scioto Counties, where he had moved late in the eighteenth century. The other children of the senior Solomon McCall were David, William, Moses, Solomon, Millie (Williams), Mary (Anderson), Sallie, and Martha (Tucker), in all, ten. Solomon McCall, Senior, and his boys, with other pioneers, were engaged. during the first twenty years after settling here, in clearing the bottoms of the great forests. which covered them from above where Buena Vista now is, to below Sandy Springs. Solomon McCall had early purchased the farm on which our subject resides, which he sold to his son, Duncan, in 1817, and it was sold to Enoch McCall by his father in 1871. The McCall built the first stone houses in their neighborhood, two of which are still occupied,, one east of Buena Vista, Scioto County, and the other at Commercial, in Adams County. Solomon McCall, Senior, died in the latter.   Mary Smith McCall, mother of the subject of this sketch, was born in New Jersey on September 9, 1795. She and Duncan McCall were married October 7, 1817, at Sandy Springs. Enoch McCall learned carpentering and worked at that trade until he entered the service of his country in the Civil War. He was mustered into service September 18, 1862, as   BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCHES - 815   a Private in Company F, Seventh Ohio Volunteer Cavalry; made Corporal, August I, 1863, and Sergeant, June 26, 1865, of his regiment, and was in twenty-four engagements including the battles of Atlanta, Nashville, and Franklin, but was never wounded or captured. He was mustered out at Nashville on July I, 1865. Mr. McCall returned to Adams County, took up farming and shortly thereafter, purchased his father's farm and on April 16, 1874, was married to Martha A. Pownall, daughter of Joseph C. Pownall and Mary McColm Pownall, of Manchester, Ohio. Their children are Mark P., born March 7, 1875 ; Mary S., born June 30, 1877 ; Leeds, born January 1, 1882, and Earnest, born May 23, 1884.   Mr. McCall is a Republican politically, but has never held any office. He is a member of the Methodist Episcopal Church. His memory goes back to the days when wild animals were common in the woods about his early home, but he says even more vivid is his recollection of the hard work incident to clearing the land of the heavy timbers. It is worthy of mention here that in the orchard on his farm are apple trees which were set out by his father in 1817, and which are thrifty and bearing fruit every year. The trunk of one, a bell-flower, measures three feet in diameter at height of a man's head above the ground. There are remains on the farm of the work of the mound builders, and many implements fashioned from flint stone are found there.   Jesse Ellsworth, McCreight,   Recorder of Adams County, was born March 4, 1864, on the Secrists farm near Tranquility, Ohio, where his grandfather, Jesse McCreight, settled in 1844. Jesse McCreight, grandfather of our subject, was a native of South Carolina, of Scotch-Irish descent. He married a Miss McCul!ough and emigrated to Adams County in I830. He was a farmer by occupation and followed it all his life. He lived on rented farms until he purchased the Secrists farm in 0344, which had not been occupied for thirty years on account of its reputation of being haunted. Mr. McCreight, however, was free from superstitions. He removed into the house and it has been occupied ever since, first by him, and to the present time, by the mother of our subject, and not an evil spirit has ever disturbed the tranquillity of the family. Jesse McCreight died in 1879 and is buried in the Tranquility cemetery. Alexander McCreight was the only son of Jesse McCreight, and the father of our subject. He received such education as could be obtained in the Public schools. He learned the cabinet maker's trade and later, mechanical engineering and pattern making. He became the inventor of several useful articles, taking out eight different patents, the most important of which was his horizontal portable saw-mill, which patent brought him about $8,000. He was twice married, first to Rebecca Smith, and to them were born, four daughters, Sarah, Jennie, Anna and Irena C. He afterward married Ellen Snedaker, of Decatur, Ohio, whose children were Jesse F., our subject; Frank S., Minnie 0., wife of E. F. Elmore, of Tranquility; Maggie M., wife of R. W. McCreight, of Tranquility, and Ella R., who is single and resides with her mother.   Alexander McCreight was one of the leading members of the U. P. Church at Tranquility and one of the foremost in promoting the building   816 - HISTORY OF ADAMS COUNTY   of the present church. The fine pulpit is his gift to the church and a sample of his handiwork. In politics, he was a lifelong Republican and always took an active part in local and national affairs. He was often one of the speakers of his party in the, county canvasses. He was a Justice of the Peace of Scott Township from 1886 to 1889. Prior to the Civil War, his house was one of the stations on the Underground Railroad and many a fugitive slave found shelter and safe conduct to freedom through his friendship for the cause. He enlisted May 2, 1864, in Company G, 172d 0. V. I., and was discharged September 3, 1864. He died December 25, 1891, and is buried at Tranquility.   Jesse E. McCreight, the subject of this sketch, received a good education at home under the tuition of his father. A stroke of paralysis at the age of six years, disabled him from attending the Public schools and while it left him crippled in body, his mind was very active. He realized that that would have to be his means of support, and he became a diligent student. While he never attended college or school for a single day, at the age of sixteen, he was prepared to enter on business. He learned the watch making trade, at which he worked until 1883, and from 1883 to 1886, he was in the employ of the Cincinnati & Eastern Railroad Co. in the capacity of agent and operator, which position he was forced to resign on account of his health, and he then engaged in the watch making' business at North Liberty until 1887, when he was elected by the Republican party as Recorder of Adams County, which position he occupies at present with great credit to himself and to his party.   He was married April 25, 1889, to Ida M. Brooks, daughter of Jesse Brooks, of Decatur, Ohio. They have two children, Forrest Leland, aged nine, and Mabel Carryl, aged seven. Mr. and Mrs. McCreight are members of the U. P. Church of Tranquility.   As an officer, Mr. McCreight is industrious and painstaking, and tries to do his duty to the best of his ability. He gives his entire attention to his office.   Hon. A. Floyd McCormick     was born October 5. 1861, in Nile Township, Scioto County, Ohio, son of George S. McCormick, who has a sketch herein. When old enough to be sent away to school, he spent two years at the National Normal University at Lebanon, Ohio, and afterwards four years at the Ohio Wesleyan University at Delaware, Ohio. After the completion of Inc college course, he became a law student of the Hon. Thomas E. Powell, of Delaware, Ohio, and graduated from the Cincinnati Law School in 1886. While studying in Cincinnati, Ohio, he was in the office of Cowen, and Ferris, Attorneys, the Ferris being Judge Howard Ferris, of the Probate Court of Hamilton County.   Mr. McCormick was admitted to practice in 1886, and removed to Indianapolis, Indiana, where he became manager of the R. G. Dun & Commercial Agency. He continued his employment and resided there seven years. He removed to Portsmouth, Scioto County, Ohio, in January, 1895. He was elected, as a Republican, to represent Scioto County in the House of Representatives in the Fall of 1897, and re-elected in 1899. In the House, he has served on the Committees on Munici Affairs, Corporations, Military Affairs, and Public. Works.   BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCHES - 817   He was married to Miss Anne Corrille Scarlett, daughter of Joseph A. Scarlett, manager of R. G. Dun's Commercial Agency in Cincinnati, on the thirty-first of December, 1885. They have one daughter, Corrille, a girl of thirteen years, now a student in Columbus.   Mr. McCormick had been a Democrat until 1897, but now is a Republican of the stalwart type. He is a man of liberal views and ideas. He is an excellent lawyer and his friends think he ought to eschew politics and confine himself to the law. However, as a politician, he has been quite successful, and bids fair to be one of the prominent men of the State, if an ordinary lifetime shall be allotted to him.   Frank C. McColm   was born August 8, 1863, at Muscatine, Iowa. His father was John D. McColm and his mother, Lida Edgington, both from Adams County. His grandfather was James McColm, at one time Probate Judge of Adams County. His grandfather, on his mother's side was Oliver Edgington, who resided near Manchester. His mother died when he was but eleven months old. He was taken by his grandfather, Oliver Edgington, and reared in Adams County. He went to school at Manchester. He engaged in the marble business at Manchester when he was but seventeen years of age, and has been there in the same business ever since. He has $10,000 invested in it and employs twenty-five men, including salesmen. He has the largest establishment of the kind between Cincinnati and Pittsburg, and, in his business, he has the latest tools and the most modern and very latest inventions. He sells monuments in the three States of Ohio, Kentucky and West Virginia. In 1887, he was married to Ida Varner, of Mason County, Kentucky, and they have three children, two boys and a girl. In politics he is a Republican.   He deserves a great deal of credit for having built up the wonderful business he has, and it is demonstrated that he is one of the best business men who ever resided in Adams County. Mr. McColm has the confidence of all his neighbors and acquaintances.   Greenleaf Norton MeMannis   was born near Cross Plains, Ripley County, Indiana, July 1, 1841. In a family of seven children he was the second son. His father was Robinson McMannis, formerly of Winchester, Adams County, Ohio. His grandfather was Charles McMannis, a Revolutionary soldier. He was a private in the regiment of the Pennsylvania Militia. He was a pensioner of the State of Pennsylvania. He was born in 1754 and emigrated to Ohio in 1817, settled in Adams County, and died at Cherry Fork in 1840, in his eighty-sixth year, and is buried in the Cherry Fork cemetery. His wife's maiden name was Ellen Spears. He had been a farmer in Pennsylvania and had followed the same occupation in Ohio.   Our subject's mother's maiden name was Filner Shaw, a daughter of Russell Shaw, for whom Russellville, Brown County, Ohio, was named. Her mother's name was Reynolds, an aunt of the late Stephen Reynolds, of Peebles, Ohio. The parents of our subject both died within   818 - HISTORY OF ADAMS COUNTY   a week of each other when he was not yet six years old. At the age of ten years, he made his home with a family named Duffey, of Winchester, and he remained there until he enlisted in Company C of the l0th 0. V. I., as a private, November 1, 1861. He was made a Corporal and afterward a Sergeant, February 25, 1863. He was wounded in the right leg at the battle of Shiloh on April 6, 1862. He verteranized January 1864, and was wounded in both arms in the attack on Fort McAllister, December 13, 1864 barely escaping amputation of the right arm by a reduction of a radius of five inches. He was discharged from the service June 23, 1865, after serving about three years and eight months. After returning home, he served as Deputy Treasurer under J. C. Duffey for two years. He was married January 3, 1867, to Elizabeth Waite, of Blue Creek, Ohio. In the Fall of 1867, he was a candidate on the Republican ticket for County Treasurer, but was defeated by Elijah Leedom on the Democratic ticket. In December, 1867, he removed from West Union to Blue Creek, where he engaged in farming and milling. In the Fall of 1884, he was appointed Deputy Treasurer of Adams County and served two years. In 1886, he was appointed Deputy Clerk under W. R. Mahaffey and served two years. In 1889, he was elected Sheriff of Adams County by a majority of thirteen, determined after a contest with W. P. Newman, the opposing candidate. He was re-elected in 1891 and served until 1894. The same year he removed to Peebles, where he now resides.   Mr. McMannis is a quiet, modest citizen, very diffident, but possessed of those sterling qualities which make one appreciated. He is noted for his integrity and honor in all the relations of life. His children are James 0. McMannis, lately Probate Judge of Adams County, married to the daughter of Captain L. L. Edgington, and residing at West Union; Herbert W. McMannis, in the Eleventh Regimental Band id the Regular Army, now at San Juan, Porto Rico; Onania, the wife of P. A. Wickerham, now Chief Clerk to Gen. Howard, in Manilla ; Charles N. McMannis, a graduate of Park College, Parkville, Mo., and now studying for the Presbyterian ministry at Auburn, New York, in the Theological Seminary there; Allen N. McMannis, in the mercantile business at Greeley, Colorado; Jay Wilbur McMannis, a student at Parkvine, Mo., and Stella May McMannis, a student at Parkville, Mo. lost a son, William, at eighteen months and a daughter, Edna, at eight years of age. All of his children are bright, intelligent and studious are ambitious, sought honorable and responsible positions in life, none are more promising. He has great reason to be proud of theme and they have just reason to be proud of his record as a patriot, a public officer and a citizen.   Rev. Wm. J. McSurely, D. D.,   was born at Unity (near Wheat P. 0.), September I, 1834, the son Hugh McSurely and Mary Clark, his wife. He resided on his fath farm, attending school in the Winter and performing farm work in Summer until 1850. As a child, he was set aside for the ministry. was always seriously and deeply religious. In his farm work, he always honest and conscientious, as he has been in everything he done since. In the common schools, he was a diligent and earnest.   BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCHES - 819   dent and excelled in spelling. In the county spelling matches, he was always chosen first. In 1850, he entered North Liberty Academy at its opening, and spent two years there preparing for college. In 1852, he entered Miami University and graduated there in the class of 1856. During his college course, he was a lover of books. He maintained a high standing in his class at college. He was a diligent student. Immediately after his graduation, he took up the study of theology at the U. P. Seminary at Oxford and was licensed to preach in 1858 and ordained in 1859. He already evinced talents of a high order, as his first call in 1858 was to succeed the very eloquent and learned Dr. Claybaugh of the United Presbyterian Church at Oxford. On November 12, 186o, he was married to Hulda Taylor,. of Sparta, Illinois, daughter of John K. Taylor and Sarah Wylie, his wife.   Rev. McSurely remained at Oxford until 1866. He was minister to a church at Kirkwood, Ill., in 1867 and 1868, and then for a short time was pastor of the Presbyterian Church at Loveland, Ohio. In 1869, he was called to the First Presbyterian Church of Hillsboro, which call he accepted and where he has remained ever since, and where he will remain until he either resigns or dies. His pastorate there will never be given up on account of his congregation, or any of them. He has been a Trustee of Miami University since 1887, and in the discharge of the duties of that office, he has been most conscientious and faithful. He has been President of the Board of Trustees of the Public Library of Hillsboro for over twenty years. He has three children, William Harvey, a lawyer of Chicago, who has a separate sketch in this work ; Ella Glenn, a graduate of Oxford College, and a son, James Fdwin, who is now a law student in Cincinnati.   Dr. McSurely's distinguishing characteristic as a preacher is his profound scholarship. The deep study bestowed on the preparation of his sermons make them a delight to his cultivated congregation.   For thirty years, his Hillsboro Church has looked forward with assured anticipation of pleasure and profit to his Sunday morning sermons. He is naturally reserved and retiring, perhaps somewhat timid, in many directions, but in what he believes to be his duty, he is uncompromising, bold and determined. While he has made some antagonisms, he has the respect, esteem and affection of his church and of the community. This tribute is from a layman in his own town.   A clergyman says of him, "that his thirty years' pastorate has proven his wisdom and ability. He is clear in his theological thinking. He is highly charitable to those who differ from him. His loveliness of character is most appreciated among his parishioners. His pulpit ministrations are clear, spiritual, and well calculated to strengthen the faith and We of his hearers. His fellow ministers estimate him most highly both as a preacher and a presbyter. They regard him as able, safe and wise. As a student and scholar, he is above the average. His education was not finished at the college or seminary, but having their learned to study he has continued the habit ever since. In his preaching, he is always instructive and edifying. Endowed with a clear and musical voice, his sermons and addresses are all well delivered. When Moderator of the Synod of Cincinnati. he showed himself well equipped for the place."   820 - HISTORY OF ADAMS COUNTY   The Interior of Chicago, the leading publication of the Presbyterian Church, in a recent number, said of him : "He has had numerous calls to important churches, but his idea was the old one of a life work in one place. No one who has heard him preach doubts that, if he had been desirous of a change to a metropolitan congregation, he could readily have effected it." On the front page of the same number appeared a fine, full page portrait of Dr. McSurely.   In public reading and in the delivery of his sermons, he has a degree of ability and power almost remarkable. With a sure understanding of the thought to be imparted, he has a correct and sensitive taste in gesture, and especially in tone color of voice, which conveys the meaning in an impressive and often striking manner. He has the gift of intuitive elocution in its best sense ; and with a resonant and flexible voice he commands and holds the attention of his hearers.   He is a man of the utmost sincerity. His words are carefully weighed and full of purpose. He has strong convictions of the right and truth, and has the courage of his convictions. At the same time, his manner is mild and conciliatory. One friend says of him, that he reminds him very much of the character of the beloved disciple, St. John. While tenacious of the truth, as he sees it, he is liberal of those who see it differently. His life has been full of good works, and in all respects it is an exemplification of his teaching and preaching.   William H. McSurely   was born January 27, 1865, in Oxford, Ohio. He went with his parents to Kirkwood, Illinois, in 1867, and returned to Loveland, Ohio, in 1868, and in 1869 went to Hillsboro, Ohio. His boyhood was passed there. He attended the Public schools there. In January, 1880, he attended the South Salem Academy and in the Fall of 1881 entered the Freshman class at Wooster University. He graduated in 1886. After that, he read law in Hillsboro for one year under Hon. Frank Steele. He went to Chicago in 1887 and went into the office of Norton, Burley and Howell, and completed his law studies with them, and was admitted to practice in 1888. He became a member of the firm of Norton & Burley on January I, 1893.   He was married October 18, 1892, to Miss Mary Elizabeth Cadman, whose father, now deceased, had been one of the most brilliant lawyers in Chicago. On the death of .Mr. James S. Norton, the senior member of the firm of which Mr. McSurely was the junior member, the firm was and has since been reorganized and took the firm name of Burley & MC4 Surely. Mr. and Mrs. McSurely have one daughter, and one deceased.   Those who know him best say of hint, he is a Christian gentleman; a man graced with dignity and elevation of spirit, of clear and quick perceptions, of manners frank and affable, of cheerful spirit and benevolent disposition. In his profession, he is prompt, decisive, upright and successful. When but a beginner in the law, he was chosen for merit by the distinguished late James Sage Norton to be a partner with himself and the talented Mr. Clarence A. Burley, in their firm, and he has won by work and has obtained an honorable standing among that class o lawyers known to be the best in their profession.   BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCHES - 821   Judge J. O. McManis   of West Union, was born in that town, September 6, 1867. He received a good common school education, and when C. W. Sutterfield became Postmaster at West Union, under President Harrison, he was appointed Deputy, which position he held until appointed Deputy Sheriff during his father's second term as Sheriff of Adams County. He studied surveying under A. V. Hutson, and is an accomplished surveyor and civil engineer. On December 12, 1894, he was united in marriage to Miss Elizabeth Edgington, the only daughter of Capt. L. L,. Edgington, of West Union. In January following his marriage, he entered the firm of L. L. Edgington & Sons as bookkeeper. In 1897, he was nominated on the Republican ticket for Sheriff of Adams County but was defeated by a small majority. In March, 1898, he was appointed by Governor Bushnell to fill a vacancy in the Probate Judge's Office, occasioned by the removal of Judge John W. Mason from that office, on charges under the so called Garfield law. He served until the re-election of Judge Mason. He is now with the firm of L. L. Edgington & Sons as bookkeeper. He is a member of the Presbyterian Church.   Rev. David McDill, D. D. LL. D.   A summary of the dates and facts connected with the life of Dr. McDill is first presented and compiled mainly from Dr. Scouller's "Manual of the United Presbyterian Church."   "Dr. David McDill was born August 26, 1826, in Preble County, Ohio ; was graduated at Centre College, Kentucky, in 1849, and studied theology at Oxford and Allegheny ; was licensed April 7, 1852, by First Ohio Presbytery, and ordained September 8, T853, by Chillicothe ; was pastor at Cherry Fork, Ohio, September, 1853-June I, 1876, and pastor of Henderson, Ill., March 3, 1877-July 1, 1884 ; was Professor of Philosophy in Monmouth College September I, 1876-1885 ; has been Professor of Apologetics and Momiletics in Xenia Theological Seminary since September, 1885. Publications: "Life of Judge Morrison," 1863, "Secret Societies," 1881, "The Bible a Miracle." Recently also Dr. McDill has published two other works, one on the "Mosaic Authorship of the Pentateuch," the other entitled, "Pre-Millenialism Discussed."   From the above sketch it will be seen how difficult it is to compress all that ought to be said concerning Dr. McDill within the limits prescribed by the publishers of this work. A life so long, useful, and honorable, certainly deserves more than passing notice. In writing of the man one cannot but feel that he would like to be wholly untrammeled both as to space and time, and that this life, so rich in material, is worthy of full biography instead of a brief sketch which must seem too much like dry chronology.   The older citizens of Adams County will remember Dr. McDill as a man of force and endowed with rare qualities of leadership. He was one that "blazed the way" among them, and took the lead then, as he does now, in many lines of reform. He was a pioneer, in his denomination, in the matter of conducting a series of meetings to win men to the church and to Christ. He thought, and rightly, too, that some such preparation was necessary before a pentecost could come. In the days   822 - HISTORY OF ADAMS COUNTY   when public debates on religious questions were in vogue, he did his full share of that work and while never seeking a contest of that kind, neither did he run to cover from any adversary. Logic, or clear reasoning, if you will, is one of the Doctor's Strong points and that many an opponent living far beyond the limits of Adams County has discovered to his sorrow. In an argument the writer has never known him to be worsted, and yet he never stoops to the tricks of the pettifogger; in all such contests he would rather honorably lose than unfairly win.   In the dark days of the Civil War, Dr. McDill had more than one opportunity to show his loyalty and courage. True, he was not actually on the field, but in another sense he was in the forefront of the battle. He spoke for the Union when it had enemies north of the Ohio River; he denounced slavery when the system had its advocates and apologists north as well as south of Mason and Dixon's line. When invasion by Southern troops was threatened, he was made Lieutenant of the "home guards" in his community, and when the famous "Morgan Raid" actually occurred. Dr. McDill was taken prisoner and saved the life of a friend and neighbor at that time by resolutely refusing to disclose his hiding place. The man in question had fired on the advance guard of Morgan's men and if caught would no doubt have been shot without trial or ceremony. But neither threats nor cajoling could induce Dr. McDill, while a prisoner, to betray his friend, and "Dick" Morgan found that there was at least one man in Adams County who could keep a secret though that man had never belonged to a lodge. Truth telling is an old and a fixed habit with the Doctor ; but he felt that there were certain questions which he had no right to answer before that court of inquiry. Release followed before he had been long a prisoner and the Doctor came back, with honor unsullied, to gladden the hearts of anxious friends and parishioners.   But the time came ere long when the people of his community realized that Dr. McDill belonged to the whole church and to the country as well as to Adams County. A man with his gifts could not long keep in hiding even if he desired it ; he found it impossible to burry his talent even in a country pastorate. So, after more than a score of years spent in his quiet country home and in close application to study, there came, naturally enough, a call to occupy the Chair of Philosophy in Monmouth College. From that intellectual center his fame spread, through his work, and the unassuming "country parson" was by no means a lesser light in the faculty of that justly celebrated school. In that honorable position at Monmouth he served till once more, in 1885, the church said, "come up higher," and he was called to the Chair of Homiletics and Apologetics in Xenia Theological Seminary. Here he has busied himself in giving seed to the future sowers. The place fits the man, and it is needless to say that the man in every way adorns the place. In his present position his business chiefly is to defend the Bible, and in that sphere, as all his acquaintances know, the Doctor is quite at home. Not only does he give the students the benefit of his excellent lectures upon the subject, but he has lately entered the field of authorship along that line and we are looking eagerly for other books to follow those already published. His book on the "Mosaic Authorship of the   BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCHES - 823   Pentateuch" must be a terror to the higher critics, and when one reads his latest work, "Pre-Millenialism Discussed," he is bound to feel that the time of Christ's appearing is not yet at hand. He is a theologian in every sense of the word and therefore the initial letters that follow his name are more than mere ornaments or props for a reputation which could not well tand without them.   Yet it is as a man, no doubt, rather than as scholar or churchman, that Dr. McDill is best beloved and most honored by those who know him. His character is even above his talent, remarkable as the latter may be. There never was a truer friend. His presence is as sunshine in any home. His disposition is and ever has been not to seek his own but the good of others, and that is why his admirers have become an host and some among them hardly dare say or write all they think of the man, lest they seem to indulge in fulsome praise. Although at the time of this writing Dr. McCall has passed the three score and ten, he still possesses full vigor of mind and body. To those near him the sun of his life appears more glorious in setting than in its rising, and when at last, full of years and honors, he is gathered unto the fathers, there will be many to miss him and to feel more deeply than ever that without the inspiration of his personal presence they must !ail of reaching that high mark which in his life he set them. Dr. McDill married Miss Martha F. Gordon, of Xenia, Ohio, in 1853.   Dr. George Dunkin McCormick,   of Wamsleyville, is of Scotch-Irish descent, his maternal grandfather having been born in Scotland and his paternal grandfather, Hugh McCormick, in Ireland. He is a son of Charles McCormick and Rebecca McCall, and was born October 5, 1845, at White Oak, Adams County; His parents located afterwards at Locust Grove, where our subject attended the Public schools, and ground tanbark at the old tannery there during vacation. He attended Miami Medical College and afterwards Ohio Medical College, at Cincinnati, and began the practice of medicine at Wamsleyville, where he has since been located, in 1872. In 1876, March 3, he was united in marriage to Miss Emma E. Wamsley, daughter of S. B. and Anna Freeman Wamsley, and there was born to this union a son, Fdgar E. McCormick, March 22, 1878. He is now one of the bright and active teachers of Adams County.   Dr. McCormick stands in the foremost ranks among the physicians of Adams County, and as a citizen is held in the highest esteem by all who know him. He is a member of the Christian Union Church, and of Wamsleyville Lodge, No. 653, I. 0. 0. F. In politics, he is a Democrat of the Jeffersonian type, believing in a "government of the people, by the people and for the people." One who has known the Doctor intimately for years says of him : "A more refined and courteous gentleman than Dr. McCormick would be hard to find."   Reuben Arthur McMillan,   of Winchester, Ohio, son of Fdwin and Rachel (Pennywitt) McMillan, was born April 19, 1869, at 302 Linn Street, Cincinnati, Ohio. He was educated in the Public schools of the "Queen City," and began his active business career with J. H. Bromwell & Co., of the city of his birth. He   824 - HISTORY OF ADAMS COUNTY   was for a time with Joseph R. Peebles, and later, for ten years, traveling salesman in Southern Ohio and Northern Kentucky for Andrews, Bates & Company, of Cincinnati.   On the twenty-second day of November, 1894, he was united in marriage to Miss Lulu Reese, daughter of James M. Reese, a prominent business man of Adams County, who built the first steam flouring mill at Peebles, Ohio, aS well as flouring millS at Buck Run and Winchester. Mr. Reese's wife was Miss Harriet Horner, a member of one of the old and prominent families of Adams County.   In 1897, after the death of his father-in-law, Mr. McMillan took charge a the flouring mill at Winchester, and two years later became sole manager. This is one of the finest and best equipped roller mills in the county with a capacity of one hundred barrels a day. Mr. McMillan, in connection with the milling business, handles all kinds of grains and farm seeds. To him is due the credit of introducing to the farmers of Adams County that valuable forage and food plant, the cow- pea.   Mr. McMillan, by his energy and strict integrity, has succeeded in building up a fine business at Winchester, and is looked upon as one of the most substantial business men of the town.   George Anderson McSurely   was born October 21, 1842, near Unity, in Oliver Township, Adams County, Ohio. There is a separate sketch of his father, Hugh McSurely, among the pioneers in this work. Our subject was reared on his father's farm and attended the Public schools of his vicinity until 1859. He attended Miami University in 1859 and 1860, and was ready for the Freshman class when he gave up school and went to farming.   When the war broke out, he wanted to enter the service, but his father would not hear to it, and he enlisted himself on November 1, 1861, at the age of fifty-five, in Company F, loth 0. V. I. What might have been expected happened, and Hugh McSurely could not stand the hardships of the Service. He was discharged December 18, 1862, for physical disability. He went home, and the following Summer, his Son, our subject, enlisted in the same company and regiment for three years from June 8, 1863. He served until July 28, 1865. He was never in the hospital until after the close of the war. He never missed an hour from duty in the Atlanta campaign.   After returning from the 'war, he taught school eight years. On April 20, 1869, he married Miss Martha Clark, daughter of Samuel Clark, a neighbor. From 1865 until 1873, he taught school and farmed ; and from 1873 until 1886, he was a farmer in Adams County. He then removed to Oxford, Ohio. For two years after his removal, he had no particular occupation. In 1888, he opened a grocery in Oxford, and has carried on that business ever since.   He is regarded as one of the foremost business men of that place. He has been a member of the United Presbyterian Church since boyhood. Directly after coming to Oxford, he was made an elder in the United Presbyterian Church there, and has served in that offrce most acceptably ever   BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCHES - 825   since. For the past nine years he has been Clerk of the Session of that church. He is a member of the Grand Army of the Republic.   He has had two daughters : Lora, who died at the age of nineteen, and Mary, who is a graduate of the Oxford High School and of the Oxford College. She also took a post-graduate course at Miami University, and taught in the Oxford College in 1899 and 1900.   Mr. McSurely is a Republican, and has always been one. In the contest for the postoffice at Oxford under President McKinley, in 1897 he was supported by the several institutions of learning and by the old soldiers, as well as by a large portion of the citizens. He is a man of quiet manners, kind, gentle, and very faithful to his friends. In all relations as a business man, a citizen, and an officer in his church, he is trustworthy and conscientious. As a soldier, he was faithful, reliable, and efficient. He is a man of clear head and warm heart, and he is true to his convictions of duty.   William Sinton McCauslen,   son of the late Hon. Thomas McCauslen, of Steubenville, was born January 26, 1857, at West Union, Adams County. In the same year, his father removed to Portsmouth, where he resided till 1865. In that year, his father removed to Steubenville, which has since been his home. He attended the Public schools in Steubenville and graduated from them in June, 1877. He studied law with his father and was admitted to practice June 17, 1879. He practiced in connection with his father at Steubenville until the latter retired in 1883. Since then he has been in partnership with Dio Rogers, under the firm name of Rogers & McCauslen. He was married December 1, 1892, to Miss Winona K. Lowe. He is a Democrat in his political views, but has never sought or held office. He is active in his profession and has a vigorous mind. He is a gentleman of fine presence and is quick and active in the conduct of a case. He is methodical in the transaction of business. As a gentleman, he keeps to the highest standard. He is prompt in the fulfillment of all his obligations. He belongs to a number of fraternal societies, and is popular in all of them. He has a prosperous business.   Oscar William Newman     son of George O. and Mrs. Clay B. Newman, was born at Portsmouth, Ohio, June 14, 1867. He attended the Portsmouth schools for the course of twelve years and graduated from the High school, June, 1884. He then attended Kenyon College and remained till the close of his junior year in 1887. He began the study of law in the Fall of 1889 under his father and was admitted to the bar in October, 1891. He began the practice of the law in Portsmouth, Ohio, alone and so continued it until September, 1893, when he formed a law partnership with the Hon. A. C Thompson. This continued until November, 1898, when it was dissolved by the appointment of Judge Thompson as Judge of the United States District Court for the Southern District of Ohio. Since then, he has continued his law practice in Portsmouth alone.   828 - HISTORY OF ADAMS COUNTY   On June 18, 1894, he was married to Judge Thompson's eldest daughter, Charles. In politics, Mr. Newman is a Democrat, and in religion, an Episcopalian. He is highly esteemed as an excellent young lawyer and bids fair to establish a distinguished reputation in his profession.   John Newman   was born near Peebles, in Adams County, June , 1863. His father was Harrison Newman, and his mother, Mary Mitchell. They had six sons and five daughters, and our subject was the fifth child. In 1874, his father left Adams County and located in the Black Oak Bottoms in Lewis County, Kentucky, opposite Buena Vista. After residing there a year, he returned to Adams County and remained three years. Then he tried Kansas for eight months in 1878, but concluded Ohio was better than Kansas and returned to Scioto County. There our subject began life on his own account. He began work for John Williams on his farm west of Rarden, and so well did he and Mr. Williams get along that on September 29, 1887, he married his daughter, Eliza C. and lived on the same farm until Mr. Williams' death in July, 1891. When the farm was sold in the course of administration, he bid it in and continued to reside there until' all the buildings were destroyed by fire. After that, he purchased property in Rarden, where he now resides. 'He has four children living, all sons, Walter C., William, Alty Denver, and Hershel.   Mr. Newman has one of the best farms in the Scioto Brush Creek Valley and is an excellent farmer. He is a Democrat by birthright and on his own account. He is fearless in the discharge of any duty and is a good citizen, self-respecting, and respected by his neighbors.   David Nixon,   proprietor of the Nixon Hotel, at Peebles, was born October 12, 1842, in Meigs Township, Adams County, two and a half miles south of Peebles. His parents were married in Loudon County, Virginia, May 26, 1831. Their names were James Nixon and Susan Potts. They came to Adams County in 1837.   Our subject's grandfather, George Nixon, was born in Loudon County, Virginia, August 12, 1799, and resided there all his life. David Nixon was reared a farmer's son, and had the usual common school training. He enlisted in Company E, of the loth 0. V. I., November 1, 1861, at the age of nineteen. He was made a Corporal, July 14, 1864, and a Sergeant, January 24, 1865. He veteranized in 1864, and was mustered out August 14, 1865. To have been a Corporal and Sergeant in this company was a greater honor than a commission in many other companies. John T. Wilson was the first Captain of this company, Dr. John Campbell, its First Lieutenant and Joseph Spurgeon, its Second Lieutenant. This company was as near a successor to Cromwell's Ironsides as any company could be. The. Captain was fifty years of age when he was' enrolled. There were four others in the company over fifty years old. There were four over forty, and a number of them discounted their ages to get in. The regiment was in fifteen battles and numerous skirmishes. Nixon was found at the front all the time and made a first-class reputation as a soldier. When he returned from the war, he engaged in farming.   BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCHES - 827   On February 21, 1867, he was married to Mary Ann Eakins, daughter of Joseph and Mary (McNeill) Eakins. Joseph Eakins was a son of Squire John Eakins. When the town of Peebles was established in April, 1882, David Nixon was the first to build a house, the present Nixon Hotel, and the best in the place. It will always be the best as long as Nixon is in the business. There is an old adage, "He knows how to keep hotel." Whoever is the author of that must have had David Nixon in his mind.   In politics, he is a Democrat. He is a member of the Methodist Episcopal Church. He has been several times Justice of the Peace of his township and was Mayor of Peebles for three years. He was elected Township Treasurer in 1897. His children are James Nelson, partner in the furniture store of Davis & Nixon. He was married to Florence Duster. Our subject's daughter, Susan Anabel, is the wife of Prof. Albert C. Hood, of Reynoldsburg, Ohio. His daughter, Cora Elizabeth, is the wife of Ira A. King, of Peebles. He has three daughters, Pearl Mernla, Ora Alice and Mary Josephine, and one son, Albert Valie, at home. David Nixon believes in doing the duty nearest him. He is a quiet, inoffensive citizen and a good neighbor. He is of easy temper and disposition, but when required to act is as firm and determined   When the Recording Angel has his record made up, we venture it will compare favorably with the best.   Samuel X. Nesbit,   school teacher, and farmer, Vineyard Hill, was born December 12, 1840, on the farm now owned and occupied by him on Gift Ridge, Monroe Township. His father was Alexandria S. Nesbit, who married Miss Mary Peden, a native of Clermont County, Ohio. The Pedens were Pennsylvania Quakers, most of the family now living in West Virginia in the vicinity of Peden Island. The paternal ancestor, John Nesbit, came from Scotland to York County, Pa., in 1732. His son, William Nesbit, the grandfather of Samuel X., had a brother Alexander, who was a Captain in a Pennsylvania Regiment in the War of the Revolution. He also commanded a company in the Whiskey Rebellion.   William Nesbit married Mary Sanderson, a sister of William Sanderson, who commanded a battalion under General Wayne at Brandywine. Samuel X. Nesbit, the subject of this sketch, inherited a taste for literature and general reading which he has cultivated as opportunity would permit all his life. When eighteen years of age, his father died and upon him fell the burden of caring for his mother and six little children, and this greatly interfered with the plans of his future life. Shortly after the death of his father, the War of the Rebellion broke out, and in December, 1861, he enlisted as a private in the famous l0th Regiment, 0. V. I., at Camp Hamer. He was at Shiloh, storming of the Russell House, Siege of Corinth, and was in every skirmish line of battle formed by the regiment excepting two, and although touched by balls on several occasions, was never seriously wounded. On the night before the battle of Missionary Ridge, William Hornbeck, a vidette, was charged by three cavalrymen and driven in. Samuel X. Nesbit, John Love and Sergeant Mathew McColm volunteered to assist Hornbeck to retake the post, which they did after killing one of the Rebel cavalrymen. After the war, Mr. Nesbit   828 - HISTORY OF ADAMS COUNTY   engaged in teaching school, which profession he followed until 1886. In 1894, his home was burned and with it his fine library, the acquisition of many years' toil. He now resides in happy bachelorhood on the old homestead in Monroe Township. He has always been a Republican in politics and a Liberal in religion.   Reason B. Naylor,   of Vineyard Hill, was born in Fall County, Texas, June 24, 1852. His father was Benjamin Naylor, who married Victoria Lucas, and was born and reared on the old Naylor farm on Gift Ridge. Soon after his marriage, he removed to Cincinnati, where he engaged in the mercantile business. Then he removed to the State of Iowa, and later to Texas, where he died, leaving a widow and two young sons, Clayton, and Reason B. the subject of this sketch. It was the last request of Benjamin Naylor that his widow remove to Adams County, Ohio, which she did, traveling via New Orleans. Our subject married Miss Irene Wade, daughter of LaFayette Wade, of Monroe Township, September 20, 1876. They have had born to them Quincy, Carrie, Cora, Fthel, Granville, Rosa, Izella, Benjamin, Mary and Clinton, two of whom, Carrie and Clinton, are deceased.   Reason B. Naylor now resides on the old LaFayette Wade farm near Wrightsville on the Ohio River. It was on this farm that Israel Donalson was captured by the Indians in 1792, an account of which is given in this volume. In politics, our subject has always been a Republican, and takes an active part in the affairs of his party in local matters, but he has never sought official recognition, though often requested to be a candidate on his party's ticket.   He is a zealous member of the U. B. Church at Mullhollen, on Moore's Run, in Monroe Township, where his family hold membership.   Mesheck Hardman Newman   was born near Raidin, in Adams County, September 18, 1840, the eldest son of John and Ann Newman. His middle name is his mother's maiden name. He was brought up to the life of a farmer on his father's farm. He received only a common school education. He was married on the twenty-eighth of November, A. D. 1861, to Miss Sarah Johnson. To them have been born ten children, all of whom are living except one daughter, who died in April, 1899. Mr. Newman owns a large farm and is a farmer and a stock raiser. He was a Justice of the Peace of Franklin Township from 1874 to 1877, and served one year as Treasurer of the Township. He was a County Commissioner of Adams County for three years from January 2, 1894.   In politics, Mr. Newman has always been a Democrat. He is not member of any church, but a liberal contributor to the Methodist Episcopal Church. He is a man who attracts many friends to him and holds them. He is much given to hospitality and makes all his friends thrice welcome. He is regarded by all who know him as an excellent citizen.   BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCHES - 829   W. H. Orebaugh   farmer and stock dealer, of Cherry Fork, Ohio, was born, September 16, 1864, in Eagle Township, Brown County, Ohio, son of Henry and Hannah (Sprinkle) Orebaugh, of Brown County, Ohio. Jacob Orebaugh, grandfather of our subject, was a native of Virginia, where he married Rachel Fry. They belonged to the Lutheran Church and were of German origin. They came to Ohio in 1829. Peter Snider, maternal great-grandfather of our subject, came from Germany in 1746. He served in the Revolutionary War for seven years. He married Christina Sewmalt, of Kentucky. She was born in 1746, and died at the age of one hundred and three years in 1849.   Solomon Sprinkle, maternal grandfather of our subject, married Elizabeth Snider, daughter of Peter Snider. She was born in 1799, and died in 1895. In religious belief, the Sprinkles were Dunkards. W. H. Orebaugh, the subject of this sketch, spent his boyhood on the farm, obtaining a common school education. In 1882, at the age of eighteen, he went to Missouri, Kansas and Illinois, where he remained for three years.   He was married March 13, 1889, to Lizzie Plummer, daughter of Levi Plummer, a prominent farmer of Cherry Fork, Ohio. Their children are Blanche Marie, Grace Maude, Anna Ethel, Nellie Rosetta and John Williard.   Mr. and Mrs. Orebaugh are members of the United Presbyterian Church at Cherry Fork. Our subject is a Democrat and has taken some part in local politics. He owns two good farms in Wayne Township, where he is engaged principally in handling stock. He is a heavy buyer and shipper of cattle, buying for the Cincinnati and Northern markets He is an affable gentleman, and highly esteemed by all who know him.   George William Osborne, M. D.,   was born at Locust Grove, Adams County, Ohio, October 3, 1853. His grandfather Enoch Osborne was a native of Loudon County, Va., and emigrated from there to Adams County. He was a soldier of the War of 1812. His father was George P. Osborne, who served his country faithfully during the Civil War.. His mother was Elizabeth Early. His parents were married at Locust Grove in 1850. There were but two children of this marriage, our subject and a daughter, Emily, who married Peter Carter, but is now deceased. Dr. Osborne attended the common schools of the county and the High school at Hillsboro. He also pursued a special course in the Portsmouth High School from 1873 to 1875. He began the study of medicine with Dr. James S. Berry, at Locust Grove, in 1870, and continued it from time to time until 1878, teaching school and attending school in the meantime. He attended lectures at the Cincinnati College of Medicine in 1877, and in the Summer of that year began the practice of medicine with his preceptor, Dr. J. S. Berry, at Locust Grove, and continued with him one year. On April 4, 1878, he was married to Margaret E. Briggs, daughter of John K. Briggs, of Dry Run, Scioto County, Ohio. in February, 1879, he located at Cedar Mills in the practice of medicine. In May, 1889, he was appointed one of the three Pension Examining Surgeons of Adams County, and served as such till July, 1893. Dr. Osborne   830 - HISTORY OF ADAMS COUNTY   has always been a Republican. In the Fall of 1893 he was nominated by his party unanimously for Auditor of Adams County and made the race against Dr. J. M. Wittenmyer. It was a campaign of money on both sides and he was beaten by sixty-eight votes. On January 1, 1896, the Doctor removed to Dry Run, in Scioto County, where he has resided ever since and devoted himself exclusively to the practice of his profession. He is a member of the Adams County Medical Society and of the Hempstead Academy of Medicine of Scioto County. He is an Odd Fellow and a Red Man. Dr. Osborne is highly esteemed as an excellent physician and a good citizen. Alfred Pence.   One of the first settlements in Adams County outside of the Stockade at Manchester was made by Michael Pence, his son Peter Pence, and their kinsmen, the Roush family, together with the Bryans and Cooks, in 1796, at the "Dutch Settlement" in what is now Sprigg Township. These families were "Pennsylvania Dutch" and had originally settled in the. Shenandoah Valley, and in the year 1795 came to the Three Islands, at Manchester, to make their future homes in the Northwest Territory. The first year of their coming to the Three Islands, they cultivated a crop of corn on the lower island which was then partially cleared.   Michael Pence, the pioneer, was drowned in the Ohio River in 1807 while attempting to cross with his team at the lower ferry. He had purchased one thousand four hundred acres of land in the Hopkins Survey in Sprigg Township and was a wealthy farmer for his day in Adams County. He is buried in Hopewell Cemetery. His Om, Peter Penile, who married Susan Roush in the Shenandoah Valley previous to his coming to Adams County in 1795, had among other children, a son, Aaron, born in 1798, who married Elizabeth Moore, and who was the father of the following named children : Nathan, David, Daniel, Jacob, Francis S., Peter, Harriet, who married Dyas Gilbert, and our subject. Alfred Pence, the oldest child, who was born May 17, 1823, on the old Michael Pence homestead, which he now owns and where he resides, near Maddox Postoffice. He married Hannah Evans in 1847, and has reared the following children : Elizabeth, who married Zenous Roush; Ruth, who married Robert Brookover; Dyas, who married Ada Parr ; Rufus ; Mahala, who married Lafayette Roush; and Ida, married to Rev. A. D. Foster.   Nathaniel C. Patton,   son of John Patton and Phoebe Taylor, his wife, was born February 1826, in Wayne Township, Adams County. He attended the Public schools of his vicinity and was reared a farmer. He was married March 17, 1847, to Mary Ann Thompson, who was born February 28, 1827 Soon after he was married, he moved on the farm where he now resides It was then a wilderness. It is now one of the most attractive places in county. Mr. Patton and his wife have had six children: Marion Patton, born January 21, 1848. He died in the service of his country the Civil War at Harper's Ferry, April 23, 1865, while a member Company D, 191st 0. V. I. His remains were brought home, and ret the Cherry Fork Cemetery. A second son, J. Monroe Patton, was born October 13, 1850. He has a separate sketch herein. A daughter, M   BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCHES - 831   Alberta, born January 8, 1853, died July 22, 1857; another daughter, Annabel, born December 18, 1855, was married to John J. Cisco, November 2, 1881. They reside at Xenia, Ohio. Another daughter, Elizabeth P., born July 11, 1858, married J. A. Renwick, January 13, 1883. Ile was pastor of the United Presbyterian Church at Tranquility, about bur years, but is now pastor of a church at Biggsville, Ill., where he has been for eleven years. The youngest daughter, Emma Z., born January I3, 1862, was married to the Rev. J. Knox Montgomery, December 25, 1889. He was pastor of the United Presbyterian Church at Unity, and pastor at Sparta, Ill., for about four years. For several years past he has been pastor of the United Presbyterian Church on Walnut Hills, Cincinnati.   Mr. Patton and all his family have their membership in the U. P. Church. He and his sons-in- law are all Republicans except the Rev. Montgomery, who is a Prohibitionist. Mr. Patton has always sought to live an upright life, fulfilling all his duties to God, to man and to his ,eocnntry, and that he has succeeded is testified to by all who know him. He is of the strictest integrity in all his dealings, and he is a model farmer, reading. all that relates to his occupation, and putting in practice that which he deems practicable. He has been prosperous and he is prospered. He is alive to all the questions of the day affecting his occupation and the interets of the country, and with all that, has had time to take an interest in this History more than any of his neighbors. While he is related to one of the editors of this work (Mr. Evans), that has not caused that same editor, who has written this sketch, to overdraw the just public estimate of Mr. Pattons character. He deserves a great deal of credit for remaining in Adams County, and doing what he has done for himself, his family, for the church and for the community, for he might have done like most of the other Pattons, gone West and taken up the rich prairies 'of Indiana, Illinois and Kansas, and been a much richer man than he is to-day, but then Adams County would have lost a citizen who has done much to elevate the community, and of whom it can be justly proud. All honor is due those men who are content to live in the places of their birth, and who labor to elevate the community and uphold the good in church and state in the homes of their childhood.   Mt. Patton is one of the best illustrations of what a citizen, who foregoes all public office and employment, may do for himself by industry, economy, diligence, and the strictest attention to agriculture, his chosen occupation, even though it is the commonest of all.   Henry Pennywitt,   third son of John Pennywitt, was born on the old homestead on Gift Ridge, Adams County, Ohio, on December 13, 1851. He attended the common schools and assisted his father on the farm until he was a young man, when he left his home and went to Bellefontaine, Logan County, Ohio, to learn the trade of printer. In 1872, he went to Washington, D. C., and worked at his trade until the Spring of 1874, when he entered the United States Weather Service, and has remained almost constantly with that service until the present time. He served as observer of the weather at Leavenworth, Kans.; Burlington, Iowa; Pittsburg, Pa.; Buffalo, N. Y.;   832 - HISTORY OF ADAMS COUNTY   Norfolk, Va.; Sanford, Fla. ; Titusville, Fla. ; Jupiter, Fla. (at which place he superintended the construction of an observatory) ; Knoxville, Tenn.; New Orleans, La., and Washington, D. C. He now holds a responsible position in the Climate and Crop Division of the Weather Bureau at Washington, having charge of the statistical work of temperature and rainfall data and the collection of reports pertaining to the condition of the different crops of the country. He has always taken a deep interet in scientific investigations, particularly the study of meteorology and kindred subjects.   On November 12, 1890, in Knoxville, Tenn., he was married to Miss Jennie L. Hessee, of Abingdon, Va. He has one boy, John Edward, six years of age, and one girl, Louise Mary, now nearly three years old.   Wm. Clinton Pennywitt,   the eldest son of John Pennywitt, was born on the bank of the Ohio River opposite the head of Manchester Island, July 11, 1839. (He has recently adopted the spelling of the family name here given, having been convinced that such was the original and proper method.) He received all his schooling in a log schoolhouse on the old homestead near the present site of Quinn Chapel. At the age of eighteen, he began teaching in the Public schools. At twenty-one, he "went West." When Fort Sumpter was fired upon and President Lincoln made his first call for defenders of the flag, he was one of the first to respond. He enlisted in April, 1861, at Newton, Iowa, in Company B, Fifth Infantry Regiment of Iowa Volunteers. His command was in action at New Madrid, Mo., the siege of Corinth, the battle of Corinth, Luka, Jackson, Clinton, Champion's Hill and Vicksburg, Miss., Missionary Ridge, Tenn., the Atlantic Campaign, and in many minor engagements. During his entire army service he was never in the hospital, never absent from his command, and he never missed a tour of duty. On the battlefield in front of Vicksburg his comrades chose him by an almost unanimous vote to be their company commander. This action of the men was ratified by all the field officers of his regiment, Governor Kirkwood commissioned him Captain over the heads of both Lieutenants and the First Sergeant of his company. This is the only stance of this kind in the history of the war. He remained with command until it was mustered out.   In civil life he has been at different times bookkeeper for a lax manufacturing establishment in Cincinnati and for one of the lar lumber companies in Chicago; clerk in the U. S. Treasury, Interior. Postoffice Departments ; Chief of Division of Railroad Statistics of Tenth Census ; rate clerk of the C. B. and Q. Railroad; statistical clerk the Chicago Fire Department; editor of the " Manchester Gazette, Maysville (Ky.) Republican and Round's Printers' Cabinet, Chicago; Washington correspondent of a large number of newspapers. At present time he is serving as law clerk of the Department of Agriculture.   He was married August 28, 1878, to Anna Rebecca Frow, of Winchester, youngest daughter of Archibald and Eliza Frow. They two children and reside in their pleasant home, "Seven Gables," at Glencarlyn, Va., a beautiful suburb of Washington.   BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCHES - 833   For several years, Captain Pennywitt has been devoting very special attention to the subject of a great national institution of learning to be located in the immediate vicinity of the National capital, a movement originated and earnestly advocated by the immortal Washington. He is the author of a memorial to Congress, presented in the Senate, February 28, 1899, by Senator Cullom, that has attracted much attention. This memorial offers the following suggestions :   ( 1.) The restoration to National jurisdiction of that portion of the District of Columbia (ten miles square) which lies south of the Potomac River.   (2.) The founding of a city upon this reacquired territory, to be dedicated to the cause of learning and to be known as the city of Lincoln.   (3.) The establishment within this city of a great National institution of learning to be known as the University of Washington and Lincoln.   He expects to devote the remainder of his life to the development ofthis great project which has been described as "the fitting climax to all that has been done for education during the Nineteenth Century," and as "an undertaking worthy of the foremost nation on earth, and of the most progressive age of human history."   George W. Pennywitt,   liveryman, of Manchester, was born February 19, 1856, on a farm about three miles above Manchester, and is a son of Reuben Pennywitt and Jane Cooper, his wife. He was educated in the Public schools of Manchester, and was engaged in the lumber trade with his father until 1882, when he engaged in the feed and livery business, which he has since followed with success. April 24, 1881, he married Miss Laura Kimble, daughter of Henry Kimble. He has a son, Reuben Roy, born January 19, 1882, a graduate of the Class of '99 of the Manchester High School, and a daughter, Mary Roxana, born December 17, 1895.   In politics, Mr. Pennywitt is a Republican., and is a member of the Methodist Church. He has held many local offices, and is one of the substantial business men of Manchester.   Wiley Daniel Pennywit   was born September 26, 1861, three miles above Manchester, in Adams County. His father was Mark Pennywit, and his mother's maiden name was Sarah Cooper. He was educated in the Public schools of the county. Politically, he has always been a Republican. He is a member of the Methodist Episcopal Church of Rome. He came with his father, Mark Pennywit, to Rome on September 18, 1880, where he engaged in business with him until the death of the latter on June 18, 1885, after which he conducted the business himself, which was a saw, planing and grist mill. In April, 1888, Mr. Pennywit's mill and all its contents were burned. There was no insurance whatever and the loss was quite heavy. Mr. Pennywit, with characteristic energy, built the same year on a somewhat larger scale. He manufactures flour, meal, and dressed and undressed lumber of every description.   834 - HISTORY OF ADAMS COUNTY   He lives in the parental home with his only unmarried sister, Eugenie Pennywit. His other sisters are Artemesia Godfrey, Mary H. Roberts, and Martha J., the wife of F. A. Crawford, editor of the West Union Defender.   Mr. Pennywit is a gentleman of the highest character and integrity, and scrupulously exact in all his dealings with his fellow men, and has the highest respect and esteem of all with whom he cames in contact. He is one of the foremost business men of the county. He and his sister have a delightful home, surrounded by all the comforts and conveniences of life, where it is a pleasure for their friends to meet them.   Alfred Pennywitt   was born January 8, 1840, on Gift Ridge, Monroe Township, Adams County, Ohio. His father was Reuben Pennywitt, who has a separate sketch herein, and his mother's maiden name was Jane Cooper. His mother was born in September, 1816, and is still living. Reuben Pennywitt and wife had nine children, eight of whom are, living. One died in infancy. Our subject is the eldest child of his father's family. He attended school on Gift Ridge, and his entire education was obtained in the common schools. His father was a builder of boats and a lumberman. Mr. Pennywitt began steamboating at the age of eighteen. He continued in steamboating for a short time, and was engaged in the lumber business until the fourth of July, 1861, when he enlisted in Company I, 39th 0. V. I. for three years. He served until the twenty-fourth of August, 1864, when was mustered out at the expiration of his term of service. He was never in the hospital and was never disabled while in the service. He was in every battle in which his regiment was engaged and never .received a scratch.   On returning from the army, he followed the lumber business in Manchester for two or three years. In 1867, he re-engaged in steamboating, beginning as a watchman on the steamboat Robert Moore. He has continued in the same occupation ever since, and has served as second mate, mate, pilot, and master. He was master on steamboats in the Southern trade, notably the Courier and the Stella Wild, and others, for over ten years. He has resided in Manchester ever since the War. Since 1877, he has been engaged on the Ohio River on the Pomeroy and Pittsburg boats. For the last five years he has been a mate on the Pittsburg and Cincinnati line, on the Hudson and the Virginia. He has been engaged on not fewer that two hundred different steamboats during his career as a steamboatman.   He has always been a Republican, and has been a member of the, Methodist Protestant Church at Manchester for the last eight years. He was married June 21, 1869, to Miss Matilda C. Fleming, daughter of .Alexander Fleming and granddaughter of James M. Cole. He has had three children : Edith C., born May 31, 1870, the wife of F. A. McCormick of Manchester ; Rufus C., born June 5, 1872, a physician in the city of Dayton, located at 134 South Ludlow Street, where he has been four years. He had a daughter, Pearl C., born July 8, 1878, who died September 7, 1891. Our subject has but one grandchild, Rufus, son of A. and Edith McCormick, born December 9, 1891.   BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCHES - 835   Captain Pennywitt is noted for his modesty and his substantial worth. One always knows just where to find him ; and when found, he can be depended upon. He is as different from the traditional old-time steamboat mate or mater, as day is from night. His friend David Dunbar says that one can ascribe all good qualities to him, and then fall short of his real merits. He maintains the high character for honor and integrity set by his ancestors ever since they have been known to Adams County. They would have died for conscience sake and counted it glory, and our subject is not a whit behind them.   John D. Platter   was born on Brush Creek in Adams County just below Jacksonville, near Pristoe's, April 7, 1846. His father was John Platter, and his mother, Mary Davis, a daughter of John Davis. When he was six years of age, his father moved one and one-fourth miles east of Peebles, where our subject resided until he was twenty-five years of age. He obtained a common school education, and in 1871 he engaged in the mercantile business at Locust Grove. He resided there in the same business until 1881, and then he moved to the location of the town of Peebles. He built the first business house in Peebles, being the warehouse now occupied by J. F. Wickerham. After locating in Peebles, he engaged in the grain business for four years, and then took up the hardware business, which he has followed ever since. For several years he was in this business with his brother-in-law, James C. Copeland, but now Mr. Platter has the business alone. He has one of the largest business houses in Peebles and does very extensive business in hardware, farm machinery, wagons, etc. He enlisted in Company I, 141st Ohio Volunteer Infantry, May 2, 1864, and was discharged September 3, 1864. He is a Republican, and as such was a candidate for Auditor on that ticket in 1874, but was defeated. He was a member of the School Board of Franklin Township for several years. He has served as a member of the Peebles Council for three years, and of the village School Board for four terms. He is a member of the United Presbyterian Church at Peebles, and has been an elder in it since its organization.   He was married to Mary Copeland, daughter of Chambers Copeland, in 1867. Her father emigrated from Ireland, and was among the first settlers in Adams County. His widow, Salome Tener Copeland, is still living. Our. subject has five children, two sons and three daughters ; Raymond, Winifred, Anna, Susan, and Blanche, all living.   Mr. Platter is a man of the highest character, a Christian gentleman, honorable in all the affairs of life, and successful in his business.   Samuel Pfeifer, (deceased,)   son of Philip and Hermena Pfeifer, was born in Buda-Pesth, Hungary, October 12, 1824, and died February 28, 0399, at Blue Creek, Ohio. In boyhood, he clerked in a dry goods store in his native city, and when the Rebellion of 1847 came on, he enlisted as a soldier in the Army of Freedom. After this he fled to Germany to save his head, and joined the German army. In 1849, he came to the United States and took out naturalization papers in 1856. He enlisted in the service of the United   836 - HISTORY OF ADAMS COUNTY   States, October 30, 1861, First Ohio Light Artillery, Sergeant of Battery L, and was honorably discharged October 31, 1864, at Cedar Creek, Va.   He married Laura Jane Freeland, daughter of Edward and Sarah Wales Freeland, January 25, 1859. She was born July 8, 1841, and died March 30, 1887. There were born to this union Edward W., Minnie, James A., Fannie B., Frank, who died in infancy, and Clara F.   James A. Pfeifer, born September 5, 1865, son of Samuel Pfeifer, is now in the general merchandising business with his brother-in-law, Albert Jones, at Blue Creek. He is an active, thorough going business man, and the firm is doing a thriving business.   Samuel Pfeifer and wife are buried at Moore's Chapel.   J. Monroe Patton,   of Cherry Fork, is a lineal descendant of John Patton, of Virginia. His father was Nathaniel Patton, of Harshaville, who married Ann Thompson, daughter. of Daniel Thompson, of Adams County. The subject of this sketch was born on the old Patton homestead at Harshaville, October 13, 1850. Being of strong and robust frame during his boyhood days, and for over twenty years after his majority and marriage, he lived the busy and toilsome life of a farmer. He received the rudiments of an English education, the best it afforded, in his home district country school, and later he attended the old academy at Cherry Fork, in its better days, under the tuition of Professors Coleman and Smith.   October 8, 1872, he was united in marriage to Miss Sarah J. Allison, daughter of David Allison, of Spring Mill, Center County, Pa: This marriage was a happy one, uniting as it did two old and respectable families, many of whose descendants are scattered throughout the Ohio Valley, and recognized as active, honorable men and women.   In the Spring of 1893, Mr. Patton purchased the farm implement and hardware business (and drug store) of Morrison Bros., of Cherry Fork, and removed there with his family, where he now conducts the above named business. From his well known integrity and upright dealing 'with men, he has built up a business interest reaching into the country for miles about him.   His family consists of Mary Maud, who married Frank E. Kirkpatrick ; Maggie Anna. who married Charles H. Morrison ; Clyde, a promising-young man engaged in business with his father ; and Lorena and Sarah Helen, yet at home.   In politics, Mr. Patton is a Republican, having held Many office of trust in his native township. He and his family are earnest support of the U. P. Congregation at Cherry Fork.   John Frederick Plummer,   liveryman, of West Union, born December 28, 1857, is a son of Frederick Pflaumer, as the name was originally written, who was a native of Wurtemburg, Germany, and who came to America at the age of eight years. He first worked as a blacksmith and afterwards became a prosperous farmer near the Mt. Leigh Church in Scott Township, county.   BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCHES - 837   John F. Plummer is one of the best and most widely known citizen of. Adams County. He was reared on a farm, where he was taught industry and frugality, and after attaining his manhood, he followed the occupation of farmer till his thirty-fourth year, when he disposed of his fanning interest, and removed to Winchester, at which point he conducted the well known hostelry----the Plummer House—formerly the 44 Parker House. In November, 1895, he took up his residence in West Union, where he conducts a large livery and feed stable. In 1898, he also engaged in the undertaking business with 0. C. Robuck. He is at present a trustee of the Wilson Children's Home. In politics, be is a Democrat of the old Jefferson school, in accordance with his ideas of simplicity, frugality and honesty. He and his accomplished wife, formerly Miss Nettie E. Custer, a near relative of the gallant Gen. George Custer are both devout members of the Presbyterian Church of West Union. Mrs. Plummer began teaching school at the remarkably early age of thirteen, and was one of the first in her profession Until her marriage. December 28, 1887. She is one of the brightest mathematicians, in the county. Mr. Plummer is a member of Adams Lodge, Knights of Pythias, No. 484, of Winchester. He has one son, Harry C., born September 12, 1897.   William Wilson Prather   was born December 16, 1844, near Buena Vista, in Scioto County, Ohio, the son of Henry Prather and Mary Rape, his wife. His mother was a sister of the Iate William R. Rape, of West Union.   Our subject was the second child of their marriage. His father removed to West Union, when he was about two years old, and resided there until the year 1865. In that year his father, Henry Prather, removed to Manchester. Ohio, and started the daily omnibus line from Manchester to West Union, the first that was ever run, going to West Union every morning and returning in the afternoon to connect with the evening boats. William attended the schools in Manchester until the twenty-fourth of October, 1863, when he enlisted in Company E, 91st Regiment, 0. V. I., at the age of eighteen years, for a period of three years. He was promoted on June 1, 1865, to the offrce of Quartermaster Sergeant of the regiment which he held until he was mustered out on the twenty-fourth of June following. At the time he enlisted he left ,the school room to become a soldier. He was a conductor on the street car line in Louisville, Ky., from 1865 to 1867. In that year, he married Miss Rebecca Shriver, daughter of Joseph M. Shriver, of Manchester. He located there and engaged, in the stove and tinware business. He continued in that business at Manchester until 1894, when he removed to Portsmouth and engaged in the wholesale tinware and crockery business under the name of the "Portsmouth Tinware Company," with John K. Peyton, Charles H. Zeigler and James W. Queary, his partners. He continued in that business in Portsmouth until 1898, when he returned to Manchester. Since 1898, he has been a traveling salesman for The James McDonald & Son's Company tinware and metal house of Cincinnati. He has a family of seven children, all living, as follows: Robert M., a dentit at Fort Worth, Texas ; William Byron, city sales-   838 - HISTORY OF ADAMS COUNTY   man, in Cincinnati; Mary, the wife of Frank Gilfillen, a contractor, living in Northside, Ohio; Kate, the wife of A. F. McColm, a telegraph operator for the C. H. & D. Railroad at Carthage, Ohio; Mabel, the wife of Frank Cady, of Maysville, Ky.; Grace, the wife of Charles C. Burt, a traveling salesman for the Drew-Selby Shoe Company, of Portsmouth, Ohio, and Nellie, who is at home. Mr. Prather is a member of the Presbyterian Church and a Royal Arch Mason. He has always been a Republican. He is a good citizen, respected and highly esteemed by all who know him. Robert W. Purdy, M. D.,   was born in Hillsboro, Ohio, in 1831, a son of Thomas E. Purdy and Eliza Wilson, his wife. Robert Purdy's grandfather was one of the first settlers of New Market, and was a native of Sharon Valley, Pennsylvania. He died in 1888 at the age of eighty.   He received a common school education, and at the age of seventeen began the study of medicine with Dr. J. W. Washburn, of New Market, Ohio, with whom he studied for five years, and in that period attended lectures at Starling Medical College in Columbus, Ohio, from which he graduated in 1858.   In the same year he was married to Ella Santee, daughter of Samuel Santee and Margaret Browne, his wife, and after the lapse of all these years, her hair is still as black as a raven's wing, as it was when the Doctor married her, and she is as young in spirit as forty-one years ago. In 1859, he practiced one year in connection with his preceptor, and in 186o located in Bradyville. On August I 1, 1862, he enlisted as a Private in. Company F, 91st 0. V. I., and served until February 18, 1863, when he was discharged by order of the War Department. He need not have enlisted as a private, and could have served as a surgeon, but he gave his services to the country as an ordinary soldier, though for a part of his service he acted as a hospital steward, being detailed for that service. On his discharge from the Ninety-first, he returned to his home and practice. On August 21, 1864, he enlisted as a Private in Company H, 182d 0. V. I., for one year, and served until July 7, 1865. Again he might have gone as a physician, but went as a private. We take it his reasons were purely patriotic.   He practiced medicine in Bradyville from 1860 until 1880, when he removed to Ellsberry in Brown County, where he remained for three years. In 1883, he located in Mowrystown, Highland County, and remained a year. He then returned to Bradyville, where he has since resided and where he expects to remain till, to use a nautical phrase, after Admiral Dewey, "he is sunk by Death's superior weight of metal."   Dr. Purdy has had nine children, six of whom survive: Margaret, wife of Philip Flaugher, of Lexington, Ky.; Mary E., wife of Oscar Clark, of Kokomo, Ill.; Thomas, Letha, Edgar and Clifton. He is a Republican and is proud of it. He was Coroner of Adams County from 1891 to 1893. He is proud also of his record as a soldier and well he may be for he is the only man we have found in Adams County who was content to serve his country twice as a private when he might have   BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCHES - 839   served it as a surgeon. He is a member of George Bailey Post, G. A. R., at Aberdeen, Ohio, and a member of the Methodist Episcopal Church at Bradyville.   The Doctor takes life easy. His record is about made up and he has found nothing in it to be ashamed of. He has been a very useful man; always ready to respond to every professional call, regardless of color, race, or previous condition of servitude, or otherwise. He has done a great deal of good in his community. He rests his religious lath in the grand old Methodist Church, his political faith in the Republican party, and having done his duty as patriot and citizen, with the philosophy of Marcus Aurelius and the faith of St. Paul, he is ready to meet the Last Fnemy whenever required.   James Thomas Pitts   was born April 4, 1846, in Greene Township, Adams County, Ohio. His father was James Pitts, a native of Lewis County, Kentucky. His mother was Keziah Tucker, a native of Ohio. He was the youngest of four children. He was reared on a farm, and attended the District school. His father died when he was but ten years of age and he was thrown on his own resources. As a youth, he worked on a farm and drove teams for farmers in Scioto and Adams Counties in the vicinity of Buena Vista.   When the war broke out, he was fifteen years of age, but he was wild to go in. He was too young, but he gave his age as sixteen, and was accepted. He served until September 11, 1864, when he was discharged by reason of expiration of term of service. He Left much broken in health, and on reaching home had pneumonia, typhoid, and remittent fever successively, and was given up to die. He ran away from his doctor as soon as he was able to travel, and on February 17, 1865, he re-enlisted in Company C of the 81st 0. V. I., his former regiment, and was made company wagoner. He served until July 13, 1865, when he was mustered out, as the war was over. He came home a second time much broken in health, and it took him some time to regain his strength. As soon as he was able, he went to teaming. On May 29, 1871, he was married to Miss Mary A. Young, daughter of Thomas Young, of Greene Township, Adams County. He and his wife went to housekeeping in Buena Vista, and resided there a year. Mr. Pitts was born a trader, and moved to near Rome, Adams County, where he resided for two years, and then moved back to Buena Vista and engaged in teaming and farming. He bought the Flagg farm near Buena Vista, and lived on it until 1878, when he sold it to William J. Flagg.   He then bought the Lorey Adams farm, consisting of one hundred and seventy acres, two miles north of Rome, on the Mineral Springs road, and resided there until 1882, when he sold it and purchased the Solomon B. McCall farm near Buena Vista. He resided there until 1886, when he sold it to Richard Young and bought two farms from Judge Ousler, in Greene Township, in Adams County. He moved on to the one where Judge Ousler had had his residence, and resided there until February, 1890, when he traded his farms for lots in the city of Ports-   840 - HISTORY OF ADAMS COUNTY   mouth and moved there. He purchased a home at 1439 Grandview Avenue, on Lawson Heights, and resides there at the present time.   He enjoys the distinction of being almost the only man who went into the army at the age of fifteen, and came out at the age of nineteen, in July, 1865, having served nearly four years. He has two children: Elya Eleanor, former wife of Henry Kept, who has a daughter Myrtie, aged six years; and William, his son, aged fifteen years.   Mr. Pitts has always maintained the most amicable relations with all his neighbors wherever he has dwelt, and could go back and live pleasantly at any of his former homes. He is of an agreeable, and obliging disposition, but he cannot refuse a trade when it is offered ; and yet, with all his trading, he has made and saved money ; and he is an exception to the rolling stone adage, if moss therein means money. In his political faith, he is a Democrat, but he has never Sought or held office, nor has it sought him. He is a teamster by occupation, and follows it diligently. He is not a member of any church, but believes in the religion of humanity. He tries to meet every duty in life with a cheerful disposition, and so far has succeeded. He hopes to continue his bravery of spirit till he shall be called hence.   Robert Miller Peterson,   farmer, residing near Peebles, Ohio, was born July 5, 1854, near Newport, in Adams County. His father was Ralph Peterson, a native of Brown County, whose father, Ralph Peterson, came from the State of New Jersey. The name is Swedish, and Ralph Peterson's ancestors came to this country originally from Sweden.   Our subject's mother was Drusilla A. Wilson. Her father, Ralph Wilson, .born in Pennsylvania, was in the War of 1812, and had nine brothers, all of whom were soldiers in the same war. He had five sisters. Our subject attended the common schools of his vicinity and early displayed a thirst for learning. He attended several Normal schools in the county, began the work of teaching in 1873, and continued it for ten years, working on the farm in the Summer months. From 1883 to 1885, he was engaged in merchandising at Dunbarton, Ohio, with J. W. Rogers, under the firm name of Rogers & Peterson. In 1885, he went to farming on the farm where he now resides, and has followed that occupation ever since. He was Clerk of Meigs Township from 1892 to 1896. He was married September 19, 1883, to Miss Ellen M. Rogers, daughter of John Wilson Rogers. They have two children, Nellie B. and Ralph.   Mr. Peterson is not a member of any church, but believes in the broad religion of humanity. He is one of those with whom it is pleasant to meet and converse, and after meeting him one feels that he has met a fellow man whom it is a pleasure to know. He possesses much magnetism and he aims to do good to all with whom he associates and makes those persons feel he has benefited them. He is always ready to learn and equally ready to impart his information in a way to give pleasure to his hearers. In his political beliefs, he is a Democrat. He is a citizen, honest, industrious and upright, whose life can always   BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCHES - 841   cited for good and whose place in the community is for usefulness. He is a prudent and safe counselor, an obliging and considerate neighbor. As a friend, he is faithful and true. His convictions on any subject are strong and not easily changed. With all these good qualities fully known and understood, he is highly esteemed among his neighbors and in the circle of his associates.   Rev. William J. Quarry   was born at Mossgrove, County Cork, Ireland, November, 1816, where "' his family had resided for generations. His father, James Quarry, was a descendant of one of Cromwell's officers. His mother's maiden name was Jane Shorten. Her home was at Pullerwick, and often visited by the Wesleys in theii visits to Ireland. Rev. Quarry was raised an Episcopalian and was baptized and confirmed in that church. In his boyhood, he enjoyed the advantages of the common school system in Ireland, but later on, when it entered his mind to preach, he was sent to Bandon, where he devoted himself to studying and teaching for eight -years. In 1843, he united with the Methodist Episcopal Church and was licensed to preach. In 1844, after the death of his father, he. con.' eluded to emigrate to America, and he left Ireland on the fifth day of May, 1845, in the sailing ship "Virginia," with hiS sister. They were five weeks on their voyage to New York City. They came direct to Cincinnati, arriving there on the eighth of July. The following December, Bishop Hamlin sent Mr. Quarry to Patriot Circuit. In September, 1846, he was admitted on trial to the Ohio Conference, and from that time on he labored in the ministry in the Methodist Fpiscopal Church until 1879, when he retired from active work. In this period, he was preacher and pastor in twenty-one circuits and stations, first in the Ohio Conference, and afterwards in the Cincinnati Conference, and that without vacation or intermission. In 1852, while on the Lockland charge, on the ninth of September. he was married to Miss Harriet Elizabeth Bagby, who was a true helpmate and co-worker in all his ministerial labors, but especially in the Sunday School, where her natural talents found their best adaptation and the greatet success crowned her efforts.   To this union, one child was born, Miss Kate J. Quarry, who now resides at Felicity, and is Postmistress there.   In 1851, and again in 1873, he was located at West Union, the last time remaining there until 1876, when he located at Felicity, in Clermont County.   April 7, 1890, Mrs. Quarry was stricken with paralysis, and, after a short illness, died. The years of Rev. Quarry's life after this event were years of great physical suffering, but filled with hope and rejoicing. His home was one where his hosts of friends loved to go with words of comfort and encouragement. On February 9, he passed away after twelve days' sickness, with La Grippe.   Rev. Quarry was a man who was loved by all who knew him. He was a true Irishman and one of the best types of his countrymen. In his preaching, he was enthusiastic and earnest, and very successful. He and his wife are lovingly remembered by all their old friends in Adams County.