CENTENNIAL HISTORY

BELMONT COUNTY, OHIO,

AND

REPRESENTATIVE CITIZENS.

EDITED AND COMPILED BY

HON. A. T. MCKELVEY

"History Is Philosophy Teaching by Examples."

1801 - 1901.

PUBLISHED BY
BIOGRAPHICAL PUBLISHING COMPANY.

GEORGE RICHMOND, PRESIDENT, C. R. ARNOLD, TREASURER.
CHICAGO, ILLINOIS.

BELMONT COUNTY COURTHOUSE & CITY HALL, , ST. CLAIRESVILLE, OHIO

1903.

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Preface.

THE aim of the publishers of this volume has been to secure for the historic portion thereof

full and accurate information respecting all subjects therein treated, and to present thedata thus gathered in a clear and impartial manner. If, as is their hope, they have succeeded in this endeavor, the credit is mainly due to the diligent and exhaustive researches of Hon. A. T. McKelvey, of St. Clairsville, Ohio, whose high character and recognized ability, together with his public services to his State and County, have brought him prominently before the people of this section. Mr. McKelvey has devoted himself to this important task as a labor of love, and his patient and conscientious efforts are conspicuously manifest in every page of the historical narration. Although the purpose of the author was to limit the narrative to the close of 1901, he has deemed it proper to touch on some matters over-lapping into the succeeding year. The wide range and circumstantial thoroughness of this history are readily discernible by a perusal of its table of contents.

In its preparation, the editor desires to express his acknowledgments to the many friends in every township in the county for valuable assistance rendered, but in an especial sense to Drs. H. and Elizabeth Hewetson for the history of the Belmont County Medical Society, to Edwin and Sarah D. Sears for their aid in preparing the account of the Friends' Settlement, and to Ellis Steele for his instructive sketch of the operation of the " Underground Railroad."

The reviews of resolute and strenuous lives, which make up the biographical department of the volume, and whose authorship is independent of the history, are admirably adapted to foster local ties, to inculcate civic virtue, and to emphasize the rewards of industry, dominated by intelligent purpose. They constitute a most appropriate medium of perpetuating personal annals, and will be of incalculable value to the descendants of those therein commemorated. These sketches, replete with stirring incidents and intense experiences, have been carefully revised by friends or relatives ; they will naturally prove to many of the readers of this book a most attractive feature, and will increase in value as the years pass by.

In the aggregate of personal memoirs, thus collated, will be found a vivid epitome of the growth of Belmont County, which will fitly supplement the historic statement; for the development of the county is identified with that of the men and women to whom it is attributable. The publishers have endeavored in the preparation of the work to pass over no feature of it slightingly, but to give heed to the minutest details, and thus to invest it with a substantial accuracy which no other treatment would afford. They have given especial prominence to the portraits of representative citizens, which appear throughout this volume, and believe they will prove a most interesting feature of the work. To all who have kindly aided in the successful production of the book, by voluntarily contributing most useful information and data, are tendered most grateful acknowledgments.

THE PUBLISHERS.

Chicago, Ill., January, 1903.

NOTE

All the biographical sketches published in this volume were submitted to their respective subjects, or to the subscribers, from whom the facts were primarily obtained, tor their approval or correction before going to press ; and a reasonable time was allowed in each case for the return of the type-written copies. Most of them were returned to us within the time allotted, or before the work was printed, after being corrected or revised; and these may therefore be regarded as reasonably accurate.

A few, however, were not returned to us ; and as we have no means of knowing whether they contain errors or not, we cannot vouch for their accuracy. In justice to our readers, and to render this work more valuable for reference purposes, we have indicated these uncorrected sketches by a small asterisk (*), placed immediately after the name of the subject. They will all be found on the last pages of the book.

BIOGRAPHICAL PUBLISHING CO.

Table of Contents.

CHAPTER I.

DAWN OF CIVILIZATION IN THE COUNTY

11

The Northwest Territory—Gen. George Rogers Clark—A Revolutionary, Hero—Indian Occupation of the County —The Tragedies at Yellow Creek and Captina—The Disastrous Dunmore War—The Foremost American Heroine—Siege of Fort Henry—" Whistling to Start the Tunes "—Killing of William Cochran—The Tragedy near Kirkwood's Block-House.

CHAPTER II.

INDIAN TRAGEDIES, AND LIFE OF THE EARLY PIONEERS

28

The Indian Summer—Anecdotes of Lewis Wetzel—" Hunting the Cows "—" The Gobbler Indian "—The Early Settlers—Gathering the Pioneer's Crops—The Pioneer's Dress—Diseases and Remedies of the Pioneers—Business Methods—Law and Morality—Amusements and Games—The Mechanic Arts—Superstitions of the Pioneer Age—Changes in the Weather—The Horrors of Slavery.

CHAPTER III.

CIVIL GOVERNMENT

46

Organization of the County—Proclamation of Governor St. Clair—The First County Seat—The First Court—The First Election Precincts—The First Constables and Election Supervisors—A Unique Way of Raising Money—The First Meeting of the Supreme Court in Belmont County—A Bit of Unwritten History—A Tribute to Governor St. Clair—County Seat Removed to St. Clairsville—The First Murder Trial—Bounties—The First Court House and Gaol—The Evolution of the Townships.

CHAPTER IV.

GROWTH OF BELMONT COUNTY

55

Population of Belmont County for a Century—The " Old Court House "—The Second Jail—The Third Jail—New County Projects—The County Seat War—The New Court House and Jail—List of County Officials for a Century—Representatives in Congress—State Senators—Representatives to General Assembly—Sheriffs—Treasurers—Clerks of the Courts—County Commissioners—Auditors—Prosecuting Attorneys—Probate Judges— Recorders—Coroners—Infirmary Directors—Vote for Governor.

CHAPTER V

THE ROADS OF BELMONT COUNTY

68

Early Thoroughfares—The National Road—Conestoga Wagons—The Old Taverns—The Old Stage Coach—Passing of the National Road—Telegraph and Telephone Lines—Other Pikes.

CHAPTER VI.

THE RESOURCES OF BELMONT COUNTY

74

Agricultural Resources—Grain, Live Stock and Farm Products—Fruit Culture—A Unique Character—A Remarkable Apple Tree—Fruit Yield—Price of Farm Products in 1902—Value of Farms and Live Stock—Mining Resources —The Depth of the Several Coal Veins—The Pioneer Coal Shipper—The Mines in Operation in 1902—The Undeveloped Coal Lands—Manufacturing Industries.

CHAPTER VII.

SOME MEMORABLE STORMS AND FLOODS

83

The Cyclone of 1887—A Remarkable Hail Storm—The Hardesty Flood—The Floods of 1866, 1881 and 1888—Floods along the Ohio—The Great Flood of 1884.

CHAPTER VIII.

PEN SKETCHES OF SOME PROMINENT BELMONT COUNTY MEN AND WOMEN

87

The First Abolitionist, Benjamin Lundy— Isabella Thoburn—Senator William Windom— William Dean Howells—Gen. Benjamin Rush Cowen—Gen. Thomas Thompson Eckert—Gen. David A. Hollingsworth—Rev. Dr. James Moffat—Bishop James M. Thoburn

CHAPTER IX.

THE BENCH AND BAR OF BELMONT COUNTY

100

Charles Hammond—Gov. Wilson Shannon—Senator Benjamin Ruggles—Judge William Kennon, Sr.—Hon. Benjamin S. Cowen—Judge D. D. T. Cowen—Hon. Lorenzo Danford—Other Lawyers of Distinction—The Justices and Judges of the Courts of Belmont County—The Attorneys Admitted to Practice.

CHAPTER X.

THE SOLDIERY OF BELMONT COUNTY

110

The War of 1812—The Mexican War—A Remarkable Military Career—The Civil War—A Laughable Incident —The 15th Ohio at Chickamauga—The Soldiers of Belmont County in the Civil War—The Duty of Belmont County to Her Soldiers, Living and Dead.

CHAPTER XI.

OUR PUBLIC SCHOOLS

138

CHAPTER XII.

SOME RECOLLECTIONS OF THE UNDERGROUND RAILROAD

141

CHAPTER XIII.

HISTORY OF THE BELMONT COUNTY MEDICAL SOCIETY

143

Organization of the Society—The Original Members—Some Eminent Physicians of Pioneer Days—Nature of the Organization Changed—Present Membership—Some of the Physicians of Later Days.

CHAPTER XIV.

COLERAIN TOWNSHIP

154

The First Settlements—Organization of the Township—Township Officers— Schools—The Towns: Farmington, Colerain, Pleasant Grove, Maynard and Barton—The Settlement of Friends—The Mining Industry—Pikes—Churches.

CHAPTER XV.

PULTNEY TOWNSHIP

159

Population and Township Officials—Organization of the Township and the First Settlers—The Mining Industry —Rock Hill Presbyterian Church—High Ridge United Presbyterian Church—The Towns: Steel, West Wheeling and Shadyside—The City of Bellaire—Increase in Population—City Officials—The First Settlers—A Tribute to Colonel Sullivan—Change from Bell Air to Bellaire—The City's Growth—The Post Office—The Town Incorporated—The First Mayor and His Successors—The Waterworks and Electric Power—The Banks and Loan Companies—The Manufacturing Interests—The Railroads Entering the City—The Schools—The Churches—Secret and Fraternal Organizations— Spangler Post, G. A. R.—The Newspapers of Bellaire—The Bellaire Cemetery Association

CHAPTER XVI.

PEASE TOWNSHIP

187

Township Organization—Increase in Population and Wealth—The First Settlements—The Old Mills and Meeting Houses—Coal Mining—Fruit—Township Officers—The City of Martin's Ferry—Its Population—A Sketch of Ebenezer Martin—The Post Office— Incorporation, and List of Mayors and Officials—The Churches—The Schools—The Banks—The Manufactories—Secret Societies—Thoburn Post, G. A. R.—The Press—The Bridge Over the Ohio—A Notable Character—The City of Bridgeport—The First Bridge—The Incorporation—The Mayors and City Officials—The Postmasters—The Aetnaville Bridge—The Manufacturing Interests—The Banks—Dr. Affleck and Dr. Todd—The Churches—The Schools—Secret Societies—Branum Post, G. A. R.

CHAPTER XVII.

WARREN TOWNSHIP

216

The First Settlers—The First Mills—The First Child—Wild Game—The Society of Friends— The First Churches and Schools—Organization of the Township—Tobacco and Berry Culture—The Population and Township Officers—The City of Barnesville—A Sketch of the Founder—Municipal Officers—The Post Office—The Manufactories—The Banks—Dr. Carolus Judkins—Hon. John Davenport—The Churches—The Schools—Secret Societies— Robert Hilles Post, G. A. R.—The Press—The Cemeteries—The Belmont County Children's Home—The Board of Charities.

CHAPTER XVIII.

RICHLAND TOWNSHIP

238

Some of the First Settlers—Undiscovered Ore Mines—The Population—The First Election— Township Officials—The Towns: Glencoe, Loydsville and Stewartsville—St. Clairsville, the County Seat, The Incorporation and First Officials—The First Taverns and Market House— The First Business Houses—The First Court House and the " Old Court House "—The Population, and Municipal Officers—The Great Fire—Some Old Citizens—The Oldest Building—St. Clairsville's Railroad Facilities—The Postmasters—The Banks—The St. Clairsville Schools, Past and Present—The Churches—The St. Clairsville Cemetery Association—Belmont County Agri-cultural Society—Secret Societies—Drummond Post. G. A. R.—The County Infirmary.

CHAPTER XIX

UNION TOWNSHIP

262

The Soil—The First Settlers—The First Company from the County in the War of 1812—The Population and Township Officials—Morristown—The Militia Muster—The Town Officials—The Postmasters—The Churches —The Schools—Secret Societies.

CHAPTER XX.

KIRKWOOD TOWNSHIP

267

The First Settlers—The Stillwater Valley Distinguished Citizens—The Only Execution in a Century—The Population and Township Officials—Kirkwood Coal Lands—Hendrysburg— The First Mills—The Schools—The Methodist Episcopal Church—Secret Societies— Sewellsville—The Kirkwood Methodist Episcopal Church —School No. 11.

CHAPTER XXI.

FLUSHING TOWNSHIP

272

Township Organization—Township Officials and the Population—The Eearly Settlers— Reminiscences—The Churches—The Village of Flushing—Village Officers—The Schools— The Banks—The Churches—Secret Societies—The Flushing Hospital—The Press.

CHAPTER XXII.

WHEELING TOWNSHIP

279

Township Organization—Population and Tax Levy—Numerous Mills of the Pioneer Days—Some of the Early Settlers—The First Elections—Township Officials—Fairpoint— Coal and Oil Development—Uniontown—The First Tavern and Foundry—The Process of Threshing Fifty Years Ago—The Schools—The Churches.

CHAPTER XXIII

SMITH TOWNSHIP

283

The Highest Point in the County—The Early Settlers—Township Officials and Population— Jacobsburg—Reminiscences of Pioneer Days—The Schools—The Methodist Episcopal Church—Centreville—The Schools and Churches—Free Masons—Some Distinguished Sons—Warnock's Station—The First Settlements and Mills—Knights of Pythias—The Churches and Schools —An Old Time Temperance Resolution—Lamira or Lewis' Mills.

CHAPTER XXIV.

GOSHEN TOWNSHIP

290

Capture of Lewis Wetzel and His Brother—The First Settlements—Spinning in the Olden Time—Early Settlers—Township Officials and Population—Goshen Township in the Civil War—Belmont Village—The School —The Industries—Natural Gas Developments—Odd Fellows—The Banks—The Churches—Bethesda—The Epworth Assembly—The Chautauqua Assembly—The Growth of the Village—The First National Bank—The School—The Bethesda Methodist Episcopal Church.

CHAPTER XXV.

MEAD TOWNSHIP

298

Col. David Lockwood—The First Settlers—The Mining Industry—The Milling Industry—The Population and Township Officials—Bethel—Mount Summit Park—The Bethel Presbyterian Church—Businessburg—Old Citizens—The Great Flood of 1884—The Schools and Churches— Canning Factory—Reminiscences—A Bloody Tragedy—An Incident of Pioneer Days—An Anecdote of Lewis Wetzel.

CHAPTER XXVI.

WASHINGTON TOWNSHIP

303

The First Settlements—Deprivations of the Pioneers—The First Settlers—The Population— The Industries—The Mineral Resources—The First Mills—Township Officials—Armstrong's Mills—The Churches and School—Eminent Citizens, Hon. Isaac Welsh and Leroy Welsh.

CHAPTER XXVII.

YORK TOWNSHIP

307

The First Election—The Battle of Captina—The First Squatters—An Indian Village—Another Indian Massacre—The Early Mills and Distilleries—Township Officials and Population— Powhatan— Town Officials—The Flour Mills—The Schools—The Churches—Free Masons—The Ferries.

CHAPTER XXVIII

SOMERSET TOWNSHIP

314

The First Families—The Industries—The First Mills—Township Officials and Population— Somerton—Some Old Citizens—The Schools—The Belmont Bank—The Churches—Secret Societies—Taylor Post, G. A. R.—Boston and Temperanceville—The Churches—The Oil Field—The Warrick Murder.

CHAPTER XXIX.

WAYNE TOWNSHIP

319

The First Settlers—Some Old Citizens—The Soil—Coal Lands—New Castle and Hunter— The G. A. R. Hall—. The New Castle Methodist Episcopal Church—The Hunter Disciples' Church—Noted Hunters.

BIOGRAPHICAL

323

466

634

CHAPTER I.
DAWN OF CIVILIZATION IN THE COUNTY	11
The Northwest Territory—Gen. George Rogers Clark—A Revolutionary, Hero—Indian Occupation of the County —The Tragedies at Yellow Creek and Captina—The Disastrous Dunmore War—The Foremost American Heroine—Siege of Fort Henry—" Whistling to Start the Tunes "—Killing of William Cochran—The Tragedy near Kirkwood's Block-House.
CHAPTER II.
INDIAN TRAGEDIES, AND LIFE OF THE EARLY PIONEERS	28
The Indian Summer—Anecdotes of Lewis Wetzel—" Hunting the Cows "—" The Gobbler Indian "—The Early Settlers—Gathering the Pioneer's Crops—The Pioneer's Dress—Diseases and Remedies of the Pioneers—Business Methods—Law and Morality—Amusements and Games—The Mechanic Arts—Superstitions of the Pioneer Age—Changes in the Weather—The Horrors of Slavery.
CHAPTER III.
CIVIL GOVERNMENT	46
Organization of the County—Proclamation of Governor St. Clair—The First County Seat—The First Court—The First Election Precincts—The First Constables and Election Supervisors—A Unique Way of Raising Money—The First Meeting of the Supreme Court in Belmont County—A Bit of Unwritten History—A Tribute to Governor St. Clair—County Seat Removed to St. Clairsville—The First Murder Trial—Bounties—The First Court House and Gaol—The Evolution of the Townships.
CHAPTER IV.
GROWTH OF BELMONT COUNTY	55
Population of Belmont County for a Century—The " Old Court House "—The Second Jail—The Third Jail—New County Projects—The County Seat War—The New Court House and Jail—List of County Officials for a Century—Representatives in Congress—State Senators—Representatives to General Assembly—Sheriffs—Treasurers—Clerks of the Courts—County Commissioners—Auditors—Prosecuting Attorneys—Probate Judges— Recorders—Coroners—Infirmary Directors—Vote for Governor.
CHAPTER V
THE ROADS OF BELMONT COUNTY	68
Early Thoroughfares—The National Road—Conestoga Wagons—The Old Taverns—The Old Stage Coach—Passing of the National Road—Telegraph and Telephone Lines—Other Pikes.
CHAPTER VI.
THE RESOURCES OF BELMONT COUNTY	74
Agricultural Resources—Grain, Live Stock and Farm Products—Fruit Culture—A Unique Character—A Remarkable Apple Tree—Fruit Yield—Price of Farm Products in 1902—Value of Farms and Live Stock—Mining Resources —The Depth of the Several Coal Veins—The Pioneer Coal Shipper—The Mines in Operation in 1902—The Undeveloped Coal Lands—Manufacturing Industries.
CHAPTER VII.
SOME MEMORABLE STORMS AND FLOODS	83
The Cyclone of 1887—A Remarkable Hail Storm—The Hardesty Flood—The Floods of 1866, 1881 and 1888—Floods along the Ohio—The Great Flood of 1884.
CHAPTER VIII.
PEN SKETCHES OF SOME PROMINENT BELMONT COUNTY MEN AND WOMEN	87
The First Abolitionist, Benjamin Lundy— Isabella Thoburn—Senator William Windom— William Dean Howells—Gen. Benjamin Rush Cowen—Gen. Thomas Thompson Eckert—Gen. David A. Hollingsworth—Rev. Dr. James Moffat—Bishop James M. Thoburn
CHAPTER IX.
THE BENCH AND BAR OF BELMONT COUNTY	100
Charles Hammond—Gov. Wilson Shannon—Senator Benjamin Ruggles—Judge William Kennon, Sr.—Hon. Benjamin S. Cowen—Judge D. D. T. Cowen—Hon. Lorenzo Danford—Other Lawyers of Distinction—The Justices and Judges of the Courts of Belmont County—The Attorneys Admitted to Practice.
CHAPTER X.
THE SOLDIERY OF BELMONT COUNTY	110
The War of 1812—The Mexican War—A Remarkable Military Career—The Civil War—A Laughable Incident —The 15th Ohio at Chickamauga—The Soldiers of Belmont County in the Civil War—The Duty of Belmont County to Her Soldiers, Living and Dead.
CHAPTER XI.
OUR PUBLIC SCHOOLS	138
CHAPTER XII.
SOME RECOLLECTIONS OF THE UNDERGROUND RAILROAD	141
CHAPTER XIII.
HISTORY OF THE BELMONT COUNTY MEDICAL SOCIETY	143
Organization of the Society—The Original Members—Some Eminent Physicians of Pioneer Days—Nature of the Organization Changed—Present Membership—Some of the Physicians of Later Days.
CHAPTER XIV.
COLERAIN TOWNSHIP	154
The First Settlements—Organization of the Township—Township Officers— Schools—The Towns: Farmington, Colerain, Pleasant Grove, Maynard and Barton—The Settlement of Friends—The Mining Industry—Pikes—Churches.
CHAPTER XV.
PULTNEY TOWNSHIP	159
Population and Township Officials—Organization of the Township and the First Settlers—The Mining Industry —Rock Hill Presbyterian Church—High Ridge United Presbyterian Church—The Towns: Steel, West Wheeling and Shadyside—The City of Bellaire—Increase in Population—City Officials—The First Settlers—A Tribute to Colonel Sullivan—Change from Bell Air to Bellaire—The City's Growth—The Post Office—The Town Incorporated—The First Mayor and His Successors—The Waterworks and Electric Power—The Banks and Loan Companies—The Manufacturing Interests—The Railroads Entering the City—The Schools—The Churches—Secret and Fraternal Organizations— Spangler Post, G. A. R.—The Newspapers of Bellaire—The Bellaire Cemetery Association
CHAPTER XVI.
PEASE TOWNSHIP	187
Township Organization—Increase in Population and Wealth—The First Settlements—The Old Mills and Meeting Houses—Coal Mining—Fruit—Township Officers—The City of Martin's Ferry—Its Population—A Sketch of Ebenezer Martin—The Post Office— Incorporation, and List of Mayors and Officials—The Churches—The Schools—The Banks—The Manufactories—Secret Societies—Thoburn Post, G. A. R.—The Press—The Bridge Over the Ohio—A Notable Character—The City of Bridgeport—The First Bridge—The Incorporation—The Mayors and City Officials—The Postmasters—The Aetnaville Bridge—The Manufacturing Interests—The Banks—Dr. Affleck and Dr. Todd—The Churches—The Schools—Secret Societies—Branum Post, G. A. R.
CHAPTER XVII.
WARREN TOWNSHIP	216
The First Settlers—The First Mills—The First Child—Wild Game—The Society of Friends— The First Churches and Schools—Organization of the Township—Tobacco and Berry Culture—The Population and Township Officers—The City of Barnesville—A Sketch of the Founder—Municipal Officers—The Post Office—The Manufactories—The Banks—Dr. Carolus Judkins—Hon. John Davenport—The Churches—The Schools—Secret Societies— Robert Hilles Post, G. A. R.—The Press—The Cemeteries—The Belmont County Children's Home—The Board of Charities.
CHAPTER XVIII.
RICHLAND TOWNSHIP	238
Some of the First Settlers—Undiscovered Ore Mines—The Population—The First Election— Township Officials—The Towns: Glencoe, Loydsville and Stewartsville—St. Clairsville, the County Seat, The Incorporation and First Officials—The First Taverns and Market House— The First Business Houses—The First Court House and the " Old Court House "—The Population, and Municipal Officers—The Great Fire—Some Old Citizens—The Oldest Building—St. Clairsville's Railroad Facilities—The Postmasters—The Banks—The St. Clairsville Schools, Past and Present—The Churches—The St. Clairsville Cemetery Association—Belmont County Agri-cultural Society—Secret Societies—Drummond Post. G. A. R.—The County Infirmary.
CHAPTER XIX
UNION TOWNSHIP	262
The Soil—The First Settlers—The First Company from the County in the War of 1812—The Population and Township Officials—Morristown—The Militia Muster—The Town Officials—The Postmasters—The Churches —The Schools—Secret Societies.
CHAPTER XX.
KIRKWOOD TOWNSHIP	267
The First Settlers—The Stillwater Valley Distinguished Citizens—The Only Execution in a Century—The Population and Township Officials—Kirkwood Coal Lands—Hendrysburg— The First Mills—The Schools—The Methodist Episcopal Church—Secret Societies— Sewellsville—The Kirkwood Methodist Episcopal Church —School No. 11.
CHAPTER XXI.
FLUSHING TOWNSHIP	272
Township Organization—Township Officials and the Population—The Eearly Settlers— Reminiscences—The Churches—The Village of Flushing—Village Officers—The Schools— The Banks—The Churches—Secret Societies—The Flushing Hospital—The Press.
CHAPTER XXII.
WHEELING TOWNSHIP	279
Township Organization—Population and Tax Levy—Numerous Mills of the Pioneer Days—Some of the Early Settlers—The First Elections—Township Officials—Fairpoint— Coal and Oil Development—Uniontown—The First Tavern and Foundry—The Process of Threshing Fifty Years Ago—The Schools—The Churches.
CHAPTER XXIII
SMITH TOWNSHIP	283
The Highest Point in the County—The Early Settlers—Township Officials and Population— Jacobsburg—Reminiscences of Pioneer Days—The Schools—The Methodist Episcopal Church—Centreville—The Schools and Churches—Free Masons—Some Distinguished Sons—Warnock's Station—The First Settlements and Mills—Knights of Pythias—The Churches and Schools —An Old Time Temperance Resolution—Lamira or Lewis' Mills.
CHAPTER XXIV.
GOSHEN TOWNSHIP	290
Capture of Lewis Wetzel and His Brother—The First Settlements—Spinning in the Olden Time—Early Settlers—Township Officials and Population—Goshen Township in the Civil War—Belmont Village—The School —The Industries—Natural Gas Developments—Odd Fellows—The Banks—The Churches—Bethesda—The Epworth Assembly—The Chautauqua Assembly—The Growth of the Village—The First National Bank—The School—The Bethesda Methodist Episcopal Church.
CHAPTER XXV.
MEAD TOWNSHIP	298
Col. David Lockwood—The First Settlers—The Mining Industry—The Milling Industry—The Population and Township Officials—Bethel—Mount Summit Park—The Bethel Presbyterian Church—Businessburg—Old Citizens—The Great Flood of 1884—The Schools and Churches— Canning Factory—Reminiscences—A Bloody Tragedy—An Incident of Pioneer Days—An Anecdote of Lewis Wetzel.
CHAPTER XXVI.
WASHINGTON TOWNSHIP	303
The First Settlements—Deprivations of the Pioneers—The First Settlers—The Population— The Industries—The Mineral Resources—The First Mills—Township Officials—Armstrong's Mills—The Churches and School—Eminent Citizens, Hon. Isaac Welsh and Leroy Welsh.
CHAPTER XXVII.
YORK TOWNSHIP	307
The First Election—The Battle of Captina—The First Squatters—An Indian Village—Another Indian Massacre—The Early Mills and Distilleries—Township Officials and Population— Powhatan— Town Officials—The Flour Mills—The Schools—The Churches—Free Masons—The Ferries.
CHAPTER XXVIII
SOMERSET TOWNSHIP	314
The First Families—The Industries—The First Mills—Township Officials and Population— Somerton—Some Old Citizens—The Schools—The Belmont Bank—The Churches—Secret Societies—Taylor Post, G. A. R.—Boston and Temperanceville—The Churches—The Oil Field—The Warrick Murder.
CHAPTER XXIX.
WAYNE TOWNSHIP	319
The First Settlers—Some Old Citizens—The Soil—Coal Lands—New Castle and Hunter— The G. A. R. Hall—. The New Castle Methodist Episcopal Church—The Hunter Disciples' Church—Noted Hunters.
BIOGRAPHICAL	323 466 634