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CARROLL AND HARRISON COUNTIES - 121 CHAPTER XV CENTER TOWNSHIP AND CARROLLTON VILLAGE NAME - LOCATION - BOUNDARIES - RAILROAD - ORGANIZATION - COUNTY SEAT-POPULATION-FIXING MERIDIAN BY NORTH STAR -PLATTING OF CARROLLTON-EARLY SETTLEMENTS-AFTER THE CIVIL WAR-A NEW ERA OF INDUSTRY-HENRY HOWE'S VIEW OF CARROLLTON 1N 1888-CARROLLTON FIFTY YEARS AGO-OLD TIME RESIDENTS-HISTORICAL DATES-CITY PARK- INCORPORATION HISTORY-POSTOFFICE HISTORY-INDUSTRIES. Center township is so called as it is practically in the center of the county of Carroll. It is bounded on the north by Washington and Harrison townships, on the east by Washington Township, on the south by Lee and Union townships. It is to the east of Harrison Township and is of an irregular shape and contains about fourteen and one-half sections of land. The Wheeling & Lake Erie Railroad passes through this township from north to south, entering the territory in section 33 and leaving it from section 31. POPULATION According to the United States census reports, the population at different enumeration periods has been as follows: In 1840 it had 1,139; in 1880 it was (including the village of Carrollton) 1,590; in 1890 it was 1,605 ; in 1900, had reached 1,704 and in 1910 it was reported as being 2,149. ORGANIZATION Center Township was not organized as a separate civil township until several years after the organization of Carroll County, when the county commissioners had presented them a petition asking for the erection of a separate township to be called "Centre", being composed of parts of Harrison and Washington townships. The county seat had already been built on parts of sections 31 and 32 of Washington Township. The section line divided the original townships of Washington and Harrison and the land on the north side was owned by Joseph Lane and on the south side by other parties. (See Carrollton village history hereto annexed.) MISCELLANEOUS ITEMS Thirty-five years ago lands in this section were selling at from $60 to $200 per acre, but now prices have been reaching very much more. From 1820 to 1864 there lived a wonderful abolition agitator in the east part of this township, named Thomas L. Moore, born in Maryland December 10, 1800, died in Harrison County, Ohio. in June, 122 - CARROLL AND HARRISON COUNTIES 1882. His resolute purpose in keeping the question of the final freedom of the American slaves was his hobby and his zeal in this knew no bounds. FIXED BY THE NORTH STAR In 1868 the true meridian of this vicinity was fixed by R. Raley, Esq., assisted by J. B. Strawn, civil engineer, by placing stone markers for that purpose in the fair grounds. near Carrollton. These stones are each five feet long and two feet square and are set in the earth all but one foot of their length. They were fixed in their position at 2 o'clock in the morning, by the use of the light of the North Star. These posts are of great interest and value to surveyors and others interested in land surveys and civil engineering. The needle of a compass may vary but the Polar star never! VILLAGE OF CARROLLTON The early settlements of land around what is now Carrollton were made by Isaac Dwyer, Richard Baxter. Peter Hoart, Richard Elson, John Caskey, William Ceoxton and others who settled here in 1810, then in Columbiana County. They came mainly from Pennsylvania, Virginia and Maryland, with some Germans and Irish. Mr. Dwyer erected a large log house on what has since been known as the John Caskey farm and later the James Cellars farm, at the west end of Main street. Here he kept what he called upon the sign the "Rising Sun Tavern." The Stark and Columbiana county lines passed through the house and were the lines passing north and south. When the commissioners of Columbiana Counts. (who were Quakers) refused him license to sell strong drinks he moved his bar into the room on the Stark County side of the line and handed down the bottles and mixed drinks "according to law." Prior to this time the pioneers were more or less annoyed by bears and wolves and an occasional deer was killed for the venison. Elizabeth McClintock, better known after her marriage as Betsy Ebersole, has said that she remembered having seen her father shoot a bear while trying to enter their cabin-door, when they lived on the Dwyer farm west of town. Mr. Dwyer died on the farm afterwards owned.- by Samuel G. Perry at New Harrisburgh. Richard Baxter settled on the farm since owned by Thomas McCort, where be died. As late as 1880 there was an old pack-saddle about Mr. Baxter's barn wbich was used many times in "packing" salt and other household necessities from New Lisbon where the taxes were paid as late as 1833. Peter Bohart, a Pennsylvania German, settled upon the land east of town, part of which is embraced in that portion known as "Park Hill," where he laid out the town of Centreville (now Carrollton) on the 4th of October, 1815. The name of Centreville was changed to that of Carrollton about the date Carroll County was formed by the Ohio Legislature, during its session of 1832-33—named as before stated. after Charles Carroll, of Carrollton, Maryland, the last survivor of the signers of the Declaration of Independence. Captain John Beatty married Nancy Bohart and was elected the first sheriff of Carroll County at a special election CARROLL AND HARRISON COUNTIES- 123 held February 22, 1833, at which time his brother George was also elected the first county auditor of this county. John Beatty was born October 4. 1804, opposite the mouth of Yellow Creek (now in West Virginia), where the Poe brothers, Adam and Andrew had the fight with the Indian chief "Big Foot." When moving into Stark County, Ohio, about 1810, John Beatty with his father's family stayed over night with Adam and Andrew Poe on Beaver Creek, and heard them relate much of their frontier experience among wild animals and still wilder Indians. Captain Beatty says the last time he ever saw the Poe brothers was at a whip meeting at Massillon, in 1840. They were seated on the speaker's stand. William Clark, who formerly owned the Frans Wagoner property, PICTURE OF PUBLIC SQUARE, CARROLLTON in the east end of town, says that his father killed a bear on the lot now owned by S. L. Sterling in the rear of the Presbyterian church, and roasted the meat near the spring in the rear of Stockon's bank. A flint-lock musket in those days was considered ample protection against both man and beast, and performed indispensable service in procuring the necessary meats for the early pioneers. Fires were kindled by the use of the flint, the punk and the steel, until the discovery of the "lucifer match". Even in town, when the fire went out, neighbors "borrowed" fire from each other in the days when there was a large wood pile in front of every house, the use of coal then being unknown. From the first settlement of the county, until 1825-30 wild .animals were abundant ; bears, deer and all kinds of wild game, especially wolves, were numerous. James Ferrall (one of the first county commissioners) is supposed to have killed the last deer in Fox Township, about Christmas, 1844, after a three days' chase. The deer started frOm the deer-lick on the north branch of YellOw Creek and waS finally killed by a well-directed rifle ball. 124 - CARROLL AND HARRISON COUNTIES The early settlers upon the land now covered by the village of Carrollton, had no idea at that time of their being a town located here. About six years after locating land here, Peter Bohart built a tavern stand at the cross-roads leading from Steubenville to Canton and from New Lisbon to New Philadelphia. It is now upon the map as the northeast corner of Main and LiSbon streets. Two years later he laid out the town of Centreville, Columbiana County, now Carrollton, the county seat of Carroll County, Ohio. Isaac Atkinson became proprietor of the Bohart estate before the organization of Carroll County ; and at this early date had built a grist mill. oil mill and carding machine. All of his machinery was at first propelled by a yoke of oxen on a tramp-wheel until changed to steam, one of the first steam mills west of the Ohio River. Afterwards a woolen factory was added, which made flannels and satinettes of a superior grade, until the whole was consumed by fire on September 20, 1843. Mr. Atkinson agitated the formation of Carroll County for at least six years before it was consummated. It is said that when the news of the erection of Carroll County was made known, it was hailed with great joy by the people. A bond-fire was kindled ; the people, crazed with delight, marched the streets in wild procession, while Stidger's cannon belched forth the news of a triumph long delayed. It was a gala day and an eventful time for the people of the new county. Usually a staid and sober people, they were wild with delight and stimulated with joy. Shout after shout rent the air; all manner of antics were performed on the streets in which all—old and young, male and female—joined. Let it not be forgotten that except for the efforts of Isaac Atkinson, there would have been no Carroll County and the people of "Little Carroll" might yet be paying tribute to the old county of Columbiana in the transaction of all county business, and would have to travel more than twenty-four miles. The Ohio Patriot published at New Lisbon, on December 29, 1832, has this brief mention of the act passed December 25, 1832: "Carroll County -the bill for creating the county of Carroll with the seat of justice at Centerville has passed both houses of the Legislature ;" the paper of this village made no mention of it. After the Legislature had passed the following: "Act to change the name of the town of Centreville in the county of Carroll" the Centreville Recorder changed its name to Carrollton Gazette ; the contract was let to John M. Lacy of Cadiz for building the courthouse and jail, and the enterprising men of the village put forth energies that have not been excelled since that time, as can be readily imagined by viewing the corner buildings yet standing upon the public square. The brick work at that time was laid in what was called "Flemish bond," each alternate brick being a header. After Mr. Lacy had finished the jail, and Mrs. Lacy (his wife) had done the plastering without any assistance, he threw up the contract. The first journal of the county commissioners (page 125) shows that they sent Mr. Forbes to Cadiz to see John M. Lacy concerning its completion and on pages 127, 129, 140, ordered the contract relet to George Y. Thompson, who employed Peter Herold, Sr., to do the carpenter work for the courthouse. On page 58 the site of the CARROLL AND HARRISON COUNTIES- 125 courthouse is changed from the west side of the public square (in front of the postoffice) to the east side, in front of the present courthouse. While these preliminaries were going on Isaac Atkinson and Daniel McCook were making the brick upon their land on West Canal street. in the rear of Van Brown's residence, and hauled the brick with oxen, upon a wooden track laid from the brick yard to the public square. William Johnston, Esq., was authorized to prepare the plans and specifications (page 189) which papers are still preserved in a tin cylinder in the auditor'S office. After the completion of the building and cupola the town subscribers to the building fund were called upon for a settlement (page 201). William Runion plastered the jury rooms, and the offices were assigned. Pages of the journal show a record of where installments of $50 and $25 were paid upon the courthouse bell, made at the Fulton Bell Foundry in Pittsburgh. sent by boat to Wellsville and hauled here by Fleming Dempster. Another entry shows that spit-boxes, ink-stands, wafers, candles, etc., were all ordered by the board. A post and rail fence was built about the courthouse by A. L. Littell. The jail locks are mentioned. QUIET AFTER THE CIVIL WAR At the close of the Civil War period the citizens of Carrollton remained inactive along lines of improvement for nearly ten years. The building of the Union school, the constructing of public cisterns about the town. the lighting of the streets with oil lamps and opening a park upon the public square, were about all the public improvements until 1872 when "The Carrollton Building and Loan Association" was formed with officers and directors as follows: M. H. Hockman. president ; John H. Tripp, vice preSident ; W. H. Morgan, secretary ; S. L. Sterling, treasurer ; Joseph Carmaham, A. P. Mortland and James Gilbert, directors. The charter members were: Thomas Hays, Isaac Jackson, A. P. Mortland, W. H. Morgan, James Gilbert, Isaac Ulman and John E. Ebersole. This association enabled its members to build new dwellings, improve the older ones and liquidate certain indebtedness. W. H. Morgan built the residence on Canal street. later owned by A. J. Stoody ; J. L. Rue erected the residence later owned by Dr. C. R. Ziegler and other dwellings were erected or improved. The Huston block was built for James Huston and son in 1876, by Isaac Jackson, doing the carpenter work and Samuel Shultz the mason work. The next public building of importance was the erection of the present courthouse, jail and sheriff's residence, at a cost of $150,000, in 1885. At that time this was believed too much of a burden upon the tax-payers of Carroll County and its immensity can be imagined by consulting the commissioner's record, Free Press, and Carroll Republican—the latter bitterly opposing its construction and opposing all the county offrcials who favored the building. A NEW ERA OF INDUSTRY The next improvement of Carrollton was the securing of brick- making plants. There was an election held May 27. 1890, authorized 126 - CARROLL AND HARRISON COUNTIES by the town council, for the purpose of determining whether there should be $10,000 worth of yillage bonds issued as a bonus to encourage the building of said tile and brick works, within a mile of the public square. There were 210 votes polled, 199 of which were in favor of the bonds and eleyen voted "No," unless located within the corporation. The brick works were built two miles south of town and with slight changes in ownership haye worked steadily eyer since. This gave Carrollton a new life and she paved her streets, secured the potteries and rubber plant and secured a new depot and many private residences went up about town. AS OBSERVED BY HISTORIAN HENRY HOWE Henry Howe, so well known and greatly beloved by many in the Buckeye State, as an accurate historical writer in his work on Ohio in 1888, remarked concerning Carrollton: "This place is on undulating ground and the country around a series of beautiful swells. Each house is usually on an exceedingly handsome home-building spot and the people live mostly in cottages. The gardens of the villagers, rich in flowers, while yet moist with the dew of the morning. with the sunlight stealing in long slanting ribbon-bands across their beds, illuminate them in richest glory of color and in sweetest blending of light and shade." CARROLLTON FIFTY YEARS AGO Fifty years ago (save one), there appeared a "pencil sketch" of Carrollton in the Carroll Free Press, which contains so much valuable history that it should be preserved in this historical collection of the county, as the contrast and coupling together with the business and professional directory of 1920-21, indeed makes a complete setting for the volume now held by the reader. This sketch stated that Peter Bohan bought a farm here from the United States goyernment in 1810 and built the first house then still standing; that he was soon followed by George W. Butler, Samuel Bushong, Jacob Barkdal, James Sinclair, Alexander Leslie and Isaac Atkinson. Mr. Leslie opened a store and after two years quit the business, and was succeeded by James Sinclair and Isaac Atkinson, who succeeded in business on account of the advertising which came from competition : "and from these two insignificant establishments sprung the forty odd, business houses at this time (1872)." The "sketch": then proceeds with these four paragraphs: "Carrollton may pride itself and with justice too, upon its general appearance. A stroll throughout the town discloses the fact that there are very few reminders of the olden times in the way of dilapidated buildings. There are tbree buildings yet standing, that were erected at the early settlement .of the town. The one occupied by Jacob Helfrich and two other log houses, one occupied by Mr. Thompson and the other by William D. Karn. "Scores of residences are really elegant and nearly all are attractive. The streets, stores, churches and dwellings are all neat and The humble present an appearance that is quite metropolitan. CARROLL AND HARRISON COUNTIES- 127 Lutheran church of half a century ago, must bave planted good seed for as its fruits we see five church buildings provided with all the modern conveniences and offering advantages for education that in those early days would have been confined to the wealthy alone. The churches include these : Lutheran, a brick ; Methodist, brick ; Presbyterian, frame ; German Reform, frame, and United Presbyterian, frame. The modest district school of nearly a half century ago, has grown with the passing years, its score of scholars with their floorless cabin for a school room, has increased to hundreds, and we find now an elegant and substantial school building. "In place of the barberous roads and by-paths of a few years ago, we now have a system of graveled and graded highways that will result in great good to the town ; and the time will soon come when we shall not want for railroads or any means of public transit. PICTURE OF THE MILL, CARROLLTON In brief, we present a town attractive in itself, and from its surroundings a place equal to any town in the State for business advantages. "Of the original settlers of the town none are living, and there are only a few of those who came a little later left, among whom are: G. W. Butler, Isaac Atkinson and Mrs. Cameron, formerly the wife of Tames Sinclair, and Mrs. Crosser, widow of Adam Crosser. Soon their memory will be all that is left to remind us that they, ever existed; but they will have with themselves the consciousness that they have not lived in vain. Their efforts and their actions coupled with the efforts of scores of this and earlier generations have made Carrollton what it is. They, nor we, have any reason to feel ashamed of the achievements of a life-time of labor as it stands today—a bright jewel in the diadem of the State." Continuing the "sketch" the Free Press named the foundry firm of Baxter & Poole in the E. McGuire foundry on North Lisbon street. 128 - CARROLL AND HARRISON COUNTIES The banking firm of Cummings & Couch located on the west side of the public square. since located at the Van Horn and Stockon corners. Isaac Crumrine dealer in dry goods, notions and groceries in the McCook building, now used for the same purpose. by George J. Butler. George Forsyth came here from Pennsylvania, married Miss Sally Fouts and conducted a tailoring establishment. Adolph Bousson, a native of France had the only jewelry store in town, on the Helfrich corner. Tripp & Gans conduct a hardware store and sell agricultural implements on West Main street. William Lambright is proprietor of the "Blue Front" grocery store, east of the Sunnyside building on Main street. Swank & Baker manufacture wagons and carriages. A. R. Gould and Port C. Baxter are in the photo-picture business, west of the public square. Anna McCullough conducts a millinery store at her home west of the Hoops hotel. Absalom Karn manufacturer of chairs and carries a full line of furniture. W. D. Karn is proprietor of the Carrollton Marble Works. Rutan & Rukebrod are dealers in dry goods and general merchandise, and are successors of Baker & Rutan at the northwest corner of the public square. Jacob Helfrich is advertised to have the best selected stock of boots and shoes in Carroll County. M. T. Wiggins & Sons "rank side by side with the leading carriage makers of the State." Sterling Brothers "are proprietors of the largest and most popular drug house in the county." H. H. Whitcraft as insurance agent represents some of the best companies. James Gilbert dealer in groceries, West Main street. Wash Butler & Son dealers in hats, caps, trunks and gents' clothing. The father and son are both natives of the town. Daughtery & Fowler makers of wagons and carriages. located by the side of the railroad track, near the depot. Cummings, Couch & Aller dry goods merchants. John Couch and George H. Aller, do the business under direction of James P. Cummings the former owner. William H. Morgan manufacturer of harness and saddles, west side public square. James Cameron, a native of Hancock County, Virginia, who came here in 1840, is still in the grocery business, west side public square. Joseph Birch, one of the popular boot and shoe manufacturers of the town. Abrams & Gambert conduct a grocery business in the Sunnyside rooms. N. J. Aldridge proprietor of the largest marble works in the county, east side public square. CARROLL AND HARRISON COUNTIES- 129 Mrs. M. J. Mortland proprietress of a fancy millinery establishment at her residence On North Lisbon street. Mrs. Mary Buck keeps a first class grocery and provision store, established by her husband thirty years previous. Mrs. E. J. Pearce, milliner and ladies' furnishing goods. J. McElderry keeps a well selected stock of furniture. Prof. W. H. Bassett conducts a clean barber shop on North Lisbon street. J. W. & C. Gould are proprietors of a fine art gallery and take good pictures. George Scott is practicing dentistry in the Jackson building, upstairs north of the Free Press office. E. Ferrall & Son, are proprietors of the depot store on Main street ; handle dry goods and general merchandise. J. Huston & Son dealers in shelf and heavy hardware, corner Of North and Lisbon streets. Mason Stockon dealer in drugs and medicines, books, stationery, etc, "In all, there are upwards of forty business houses in town. We have a planing mill. a grist mill, tannery, millinery and a stove and tin store. The professions of law and medicine are filled and we can boast of men of talent in these professions. If readers wish to know more of Carrollton let them pay the town a visit." OLD-TIME RESIDENTS George Beatty, the first auditor of Carroll County ; was mayor of Carrollton ; proprietor of the Beatty House ; succeeded George W. Butler as postmaster ; died in office, June 14, 1875, aged seventy-five years and seven months. Was succeeded by his daughter. Sue. Jacob Helfrich, who died February 5, 1908, was identified with the Lutheran church seventy-one years, and was the Sunday school superintendent from its organization until his death. He also took an active interest in the management Of the church, serving in an official way and being deeply interested in its welfare. He was very liberal in his support, having donated the lot On which the parsonage stands. Mr. Helfrich was born in Reichenbaugh, Hesse Darmstadt, Germany, March 17, 1818. At the age of fourteen years he left school o learn the trade of shoemaker ; with two brothers, four years later, he came to America. :Upon landing in this country his capital was only $4.50. He came direct to Carrollton by stage and on foot. In 1840 he engaged in the shoe business, and soon became one of the leading community factors. John Beatty, first sheriff of Carroll County, represented this county and district in both branches of the Ohio Legislature ; built the present steam mill near the depot ; built a distillery at "Betty" Croxton's spring near the waterworks pumping station ; he was a captain In the Civil War. He died July 15, 1888, aged eighty-three years, and was buried beside his wife (Nancy Bohart Beatty) and her parents, Peter Bohart and wife, Catherine Eberly Bohart. A large granite monument marks their graves near the old grave-yard gate. 130 - CARROLL AND HARRISON COUNTIES Gov. Benjamin F. Potts, was a native of Fox Township. He was married to Angeline Jackson, daughter of Kendall Jackson. He read law with Judge John Tripp, and entered the practice of law. At the outbreak of the Civil War he raised a company of the Thirty- Second Ohio Volunteers Infantry. He was made captain, and in due time promoted to colonel and finally became brigadier-general. He was elected State senator from the Star-Carroll district. and as such aided in the election of John Sherman as United States senator. Through the influence of Senator Sherman, he was appointed by President Grant as governor of Montana Territory. He died in Montana. Wilson S. Potts, former editor of the Ohio Patriot was his brother. Brig.-Gen. William Crozier, son of Robert and Margaret Atkinson Crozier, was born in 1853 in the McCook homestead, on the PICTURE OF BRIG.-GEN. WILLIAM CROZIER public square, his father being one of the early editors of the Free Press and from here the family removed to Kansas. William Crozier was educated at West Point and for a number of years was a professor of mathematics there. Judge William Johnston who was born in Jefferson county in a log cabin, on what he termed "Yaller Creek", was perhaps the most profound lawyer, in many respects, that ever practiced law in the county. He commenced his practice in Carrollton. He was also a carpenter and built and occupied the residence now owned and occupied by Judge H. J. Eckley and designed the old courthouse. He located at Cincinnati where he died. He was prosecuting attorney in Hamilton County and was judge of the Superior Court of Cincinnati. CARROLL AND HARRISON COUNTIES - 131 He was a candidate for governor about the time of the adoption of the Constitution of 1851, and was a great advocate of the free school system, which was written into the Constitution. He Served as judge of the court of claims at Washington, D. C., under the appointment of President Lincoln, whose friendship he enjoyed. Judge Johnston was also a warm friend of Edwin M. Stanton, whose acquaintance he formed when the latter was a small boy in a book-store at Steubenville. Judge Johnston was one of the early editors of the Free Press. George W. Butler was born in Maryland and served as a lieutenant in the War of 1812, being a member of a Pennsylvania regiment. Shortly after this war he located at Carrollton. He owned a number of farms near Carrollton, operated a tan-yard for many years and during the Civil War was in charge of the postoffice which was located in the building later occupied by T. M. Hemming on the south side of East Main street ; it was torn down a few years ago. He was the father of the late Washington Butler. He died in 1873. His father, George Butler, was a native of Germany, who came to America and fought in the Revolution, after which he became a Lutheran minister and preached in Pennsylvania, Maryland and Virginia. He died in Cumberland, Maryland, in 1823. SOME BRIEF HISTORICAL DATES Carrollton is located in latitude 40 degrees, 30 minutes north; longitude 80 degrees, 5 minutes west ; elevation, 1,142 feet. The village of Centreville, Columbiana County (now Carrollton) the county seat of Carroll County, was laid out by Peter Bohart and George Champer, October 4, 1815. Its first county fair was Ordered to be published in the Carrollton Gazette in 1833. See commissioner's journal "A", page 18. The fair was held upon the land afterward occupied by the courthouse, farmers hitching their teams to the rail fences in that locality. The first real fair grounds were leased for a term of years frOm Jacob Helfrich, in the rear of McGuire's foundry on North Lisbon street. Circus shows and menageries were alsO located there. John Brown of Osawattomie, Kansas. and of Harper's Ferry fame, bought wool in Carrollton in 1856-57. Isaac Atkinson's flouring mill, the first steam mill west of the Ohio River, located on Canal street, near Honey Run, was burned on the night of September 20, 1843. Gen. William Henry Harrison addressed a Whig meeting from the steps of David J. Levy's tavern, corner of Main and Lisbon streets, July 5, 1838. A committee of admiring friends from Carrollton, brought him by stage line from Massillon, where Mr. Harrison had addressed a Fourth of July celebration. Henry Haves drove the stage and watered his horses from a spring then upon the public square. What is known as the stOrm of the "fallen timbers" occurred in July, 1800, by a cyclone passing over Carroll County, leaving a path a half mile wide, uprooting trees and leaving the land already cleared for the immigrants. 132 - CARROLL AND HARRISON COUNTIES Years of continued drought : 1838, 1854 (cholera year), and 1894. A meteor weighing about eighty pounds fell on the farm of Dr. Samuel Black in Monroe Township, April 12, 1899. In April, 1895, Carrollton voted for waterworks. 183 to 14. The village council granted a franchise for the electric light plant the year previous. May 27, 1890, a special election was held and by a vote of 199 to 11, the village council of Carrollton was authorized to bond the town for $10,000, as a bonus to build a tile and brick works. The first automobile seen in Carrollton was on August 10, 1900, in charge of Frank Lowe, of Steubenville. First Decoration Day observed in Carrollton was May 30, 1870. Re-union of the Eightieth Regiment O. V. L held in Carrollton September 17, 1897. Knights of Pythias Lodge instituted in Carrollton in May, 1885. Cantata of Queen Esther, played in Carrollton July 22 to 25. 1879. The Fall of Atlanta, a military drama. for the benefit of McAllister Post of Grand Army. was played in Carrollton skating rink for the week ending May 30, 1886. The largest conflagration in Carrollton, since the burning of Isaac Atkinson's mill. was the burning of the Ohio & Toledo railroad depot and adjoining buildings on the night of December 10, 1875. The depot was then located on the west side of the track. The night of June 5, 1914, people witnessed the worst fire ever had in the town. About 9:30 fire was discovered in the packing shed of the Carrollton Pottery and, but for the heroic work of the fire department, the entire pottery would have been destroyed. The packing shed, part of the decorating kiln shed, the office building and entire contents and the display room were burned. Loss about $50,000. The present church census of Carrollton (1915) is 1,715 divided as follows: Methodist, 655; Presbyterian, 315; Lutheran. 260; Reformed, 225; United Presbyterian, 160; Church of Christ, 100. THE CITY PARK What is known as Roberts Park, the beauty spot of the environments of the town of Carrollton, was given to the village more than one hundred years ago by Nicholas Roberts, the same being a small plot of ground on Sheep Hill for public purposes. It was used as a school site until the union of schools, when it was abandoned. About 1885 the far-sighted "city fathers" planted a variety of handsome trees which took root and grew, by the town forgotten. One should take a look at these hardy trees today. In the summer of 1914, seeing the need of a picnic ground that was safe and handy to the place, the generous people of Carrollton made it possible for the park committee to wonderfully improve this little spot, now So dear to both old and young, provided as it is with tables, seats, swings, water, lights, lawn-seats and other fixtures. A handsome tea-room was added to furnish shelter from rain and contains a gas stove, which may be used by callers by making the silver offering charged. Verily, "a thing of beauty is a joy forever." CARROLL AND HARRISON COUNTIES- 133 EARLY BRASS BAND HISTORY The earliest brass band history of which we now have any account was that of the one mentioned in the Steubenville local newspaper-the Herald—October 8, 1841, in giving an account of a political mass-meeting. There being no railroad facilities between Steubenville and Carrollton, the Carrollton band was conveyed across the country in a bandwagon driven by Abe Hall, and the music was favorably mentioned in the Herald. which stated that "the Carrollton band presented the most attractive appearance in their decorated wagon drawn by four spirited steeds as they marched down Market street to the tune of 'Wait for the Wagon'." This band was composed of Jacob Helfrich, the leader ; Henry Helfrich, clarionet ; Philip Anshutz, slide trombone; Philip Dilmond, Henry Lampert. Stuart G. McKee, James Wilson, Dr. C. A. Boegel, David M. Coleman. There has been a Coleman in each and every band ever formed in Carrollton. The various bands here have included the Carrollton Bugle Band, the Coleman Band, the Carrollton Sax-horn Band, organized in 1862 with members as follows : M. T. Wiggins, leader; Philip Meister. Ed Thompson, Amos Houck, Chris Wetzel, Andrew Birch. Math Baxter, Marshall Jackson, Jacob Yealey and Philip Stahl. Carrollton has always had splendid bands and they have furnished good music through the various political campaigns. as well as during the several wars had in this country since 1861. THE "SILENT CITY" The most extensive burying ground within the limits of Carroll" County is what is now known as "Grandview" cemetery. Of the early history of Carrollton burying places, that reliable writer Peter M, Herold, a few years since, made the following record of cemeteries of the county seat : In the early part of the last century the pioneer Presbyterians of this new county erected a log house of worship near the present site of the Sinclair monument and here the early settlers began making interments, until the Lutherans and Reformed built a large brick church on the vacant lot on Main street now owned by A. E. Albright. the grave lot being to the west of his residence and within the same enclosure. Here many interments were also made, until the "House divided within itself" and the separation took place; a portion of the membership withdrawing and organized what was then known as the German Reformed church, familiarly called the "Stump Church" because Rev. Stump was the resident minister for many years. And the Lutheran portion of the congregation still retaining the original name, built a very substantial brick edifice on North Lisbon street in 1847—or as the inscription reads above the door : "Evangelical Lutheran Trinity Church, I. D. 1847. A. J. Best, builder." The Reformed congregation likewise built for themselves a frame structure on East Canal street upon lots furnished by Hon. Isaac Atkinson—and it will be seen by the town plat that these two lots form a separate addition to the town known as Atkinson's Second Extension of Canal street. After the Presbyterian people had erected a frame structure on the corner of 134 - CARROLL AND HARRISON COUNTIES Lisbon and North streets, since sold and moved to the Butler-Carnahan tan-yard and used as an opera house. The old log meeting house in the grave-yard was abandoned as a place of worship, but it continued to be used for shows and literary entertainments until about 1850 when it was bought and torn down by George F. Kennedy and the material sold for other purposes, some of the old house-logs serving the purpose of an East-end residence. The old Lutheran church on East Main street called Jerusalem Church was sold to James Patton in 1855 and the material removed from the grounds, and during its removal the corner-stone was robbed of its contents of wine, coins and documents. The interments that had been made in the rear of the church were exhumed and the bodies re-interred in Grandview cemetery near where the Butler monument has since been erected. The other denominations of the town had no separate church yards for burial purposes, and at this time the cemetery contains all the known graves within the corporate limits of Carrollton. Interments continue to be made in the old section of Grandview ; but the available space became so scarce in 1875 that after the death of John G. Buck, in 1869. the Centre Township trustees bought the entire Buck estate lying on that side of the road and had the greater portion of it surveyed and laid out into family burial, lots, reserving that portion facing on Canal street for a park which has been planted in shade trees and otherwise beautified. Mr. Buck was buried upon his own land, adjoining the old church-yard, and is consequently the first grave m the new cemetery. Upon his grave-stone is this inscription: "John G. Buck, Died February 14, 1869, aged 69 years, 11 months and 18 days. Born in Ruttingen, in the Kingdom of Wurtemberg, Germany." September 1, 1875, the trustees made public sale of many new cemetery lots, the following being a copy of the bills posted about town at that time : Public Sale—The trustees of Centre Township will offer for sale at the cemetery on Wednesday, September 1, 1875, each alternate lot in sections as follows: Those in sections A and B at $15 each. Those in sections C and B at $10 each, and those in section H at $8.00 each. The foregoing prices will be strictly adhered to and no reduction therefrom. A credit of one year will be given with interest at six per cent. Notes not acceptable to the trustees unless approved security is given. Sale to begin at 9 o'clock a. m. and continue one day only. Persons wishing to purchase burial lots in this cemetery will do well to take advantage of this sale as the same inducements may never be offered again. E. C. STONEBROOK, THOMAS MCCORT, WILLIAM BAXTER, Trustees. The New Cemetery—The cemetery known as Grandview was so named by Rev. Charles L. E. Cartwright, and is fast filling up since its opening in 1875—forty-five years ago. The lines between the original and new portions of this "Silent City of the Dead" have long since been erased only for the difference in regulation and position of the lots and streets, all seem to be one tract. There are now numerous costly 135 - PICTURE OF GRAND VIEW CEMETERY 136 - CARROLL AND HARRISON COUNTIES and beautiful private family tombs or vaults, the first of which was that of the Dr. Stockon family, wherein repose the bodies of Dr. S. M. Stockon and wife Caroline. and their son, Dr. L. D. Stockon and wife. With the passing years those in charge have made many improvements and today the grounds. as viewed from the near-by city, present an attractive scene, and one visiting the sacred spot where rest so many of the departed dead—the old and the young of several generations-must be struck with the order and care taken in "Grandview." INCORPORATION HISTORY Carrollton was legally incorporated as a village under the laws of the commonwealth of Ohio, by the Legislature February 24, 1834. Thus it appears that the place is now about eighty-seven years old. Many of the early and even later records of the village have been allowed to be lost or destroyed, hence nothing certain can here be recorded concerning the history of the place. The present elective officers of Carrollton are as follows : Mayor—H. B. Boyd ; Clerk—A. K. Rader ; Treasurer-A. L. Hill; Marshal—James H. Brackin ; Street Commissioner—Ed Walters; Superintendent of Waterworks-H. S. Metz ; Councilmen—M. V. Cline, E. S. Ferrell, R. E. Long. J. I. Lore, R. C. Newell. 0. J. Raudebush. The population in 1920 was reported by the government to be 2.170. The bonded indebtedness of the village is $20,000. The waterworks were constructed in 1892 and cost to date $40,000; the original works cost $25,000. The system has forty-eight fire plugs. The volunteer fire department consists of twenty-six members, with E. R. Long as their chief. The department has two chemical engines and a lot of good hose. which when attached to the stand-pipe, giving a direct pressure, serves to quench any fire liable to ever occur in the place. Paving of the streets of Carrollton was commenced in 1907 and is of a Solid home-made paving brick. There are now over four miles of paved streets. Concerning earlier mayors let it be stated in passing that from the records now extant it is learned the following have served as noted: 1895 to 1899-I. H. Blythe, T. M. Heming, I. H. Blythe. 1899 to 1908—J. C. Oglvee, William Maffett. 1908 to 1911—I. H. Blythe. 1911-James B. Fiedler. 1912 to 1915—Dr. A. H. Hise, S. Q. Morrow. James B. Fiedler. Present mayor was elected in 1919, in the person of H. B. Boyd. ACT OF INCORPORATION The following are some of the sections of the act incorporating the village of Carrollton, by the State Legislature m February, 1834, and they contain matters which may want to be referred to by the readers of this volume. as the years come and go : CARROLL AND HARRISON COUNTIES - 137 Section 1. Be it enacted by the General Assembly of the State of Ohio, That so much of the township of Washington as is included in the original town plat of the town of Centreville, now Carrollton, in the county of Carroll, and all additions that have been platted and recorded, and any addition that may hereafter be platted and recorded, to said town, be, and the same is hereby created a Town Corporate, and shall hereafter be known and distinguished by the borough* of Carrollton. Section 2. That it shall be lawful for the white male inhabitants of the town, and residing within the hmits thereof, having the qualification of electors of members of the General Assembly, to meet at the courthouse in said town, on the second Monday of April next, and on the second Monday of April, annually thereafter, and then and there proceed by a plurality of votes, to elect by ballot, one president, one recorder, five trustees, one assessor, one treasurer, one town marshal and one street commissioner, who shall hold their offices until their successors are elected and qualified ; and the president, recorder and five trustees shall constitute the town council. Section 3. That at the first election holden under this act two judges and a clerk shall be chosen, viva voce, by the voters present, and shall take an oath, or affirmation, to discharge the duties required of them by this act, and that all subsequent elections, the president and trustees, or any two of them shall be the judges, and the recorder, clerk of election ; and at all such elections, the polls shall be open at 11 in the forenoon, and close at 3 m the afternoon of the same day ; and at the close of the polls. the vote shall be counted and a true statement thereof proclaimed at tbe door of the courthouse, and the clerk shall deliver to each person elected, or leave at his usual place of abode. within five days of the day of election, a written notice of his election, and the person so elected and notified, shall within ten days of said election. take an oath or affirmation, to support the Constitution of the United States and the Constitution of this State, and also the oath of office, a certificate of which shall be deposited with the recorder and by him preserved. Section 4. That the president, recorder and trustees of said town shall be a body corporate and politic, with perpetual succession, to be known and distinguished by the name of the Town Council of the Town of Carrollton, and shall be capable in law to acquire property. real and personal, for the use of said town, sell and convey the same ; may have a common seal, and alter the same at pleasure, and may sue and be sued, plead and be impleaded, answer and be answered unto in any court of law or equity in this State, and when any suit be commenced against said corporation, the first process shall be a Summons and an attested copy of which shall be left with the recorder or in his absence, with the president, at least ten days before the return day thereof. Section 5. That the president, recorder and trustees, or a majority of them, the president and recorder shall always be one, shall have the authority to make, ordain or publish all such by-laws and ordinances as shall be consistent with the Constitution and laws of the United States and this State, as they shall deem necessary for the regulation, 138 - CARROLL AND HARRISON COUNTIES interest, health, cleanliness, convenience and protection of said town from fire : Provided always, that no ordinance or by-law shall take effect or be in force until it shall meet the approbation of two-thirds (of) the inhabitants of said town. Section 7. That the president shall be a conservator of the peace within the limits of said corporation, and shall have the jurisdiction of a justice of the peace therein, both in civil and criminal cases ; and in all his acts as a justice of the peace in civil and criminal cases and shall be entitled to carry the same fees that justices of the peace are entitled for similar services ; he shall give such bond and security as is required by law of justices of the peace, to the acceptance of the recorder and a majority of the trustees ; he shall be authorized by law to hear and determine all cases arising under the laws and ordinances of the corporation, and issue such process as may be necessary to carry into execution such laws and ordinances. An appeal may be had in all cases from the decision of the president to the court of Common Pleas of the county aforesaid, in the same manner as appeals are allowed from the decisions of justices of the peace. Section 9. That it shall be the duty of the assessor, annually, to appraise the personal and real estate that is taxable for State and county purposes, together with all merchants and apothecaries, cash, and deliver a correct abstract employed in said town at its fair value thereof, to the president or recorder on or before the first Monday of July annually. Section 11. That the town marshal shall be a ministerial officer of the corporation, and shall ex-officio be vested with all the powers of a constable ; he shall execute and return all process to him directed by the president, or in his absence or disability, by the recorder under the same penalties that constables are required by laws of the State to execute and return process; he shall also, in criminal cases, have power to go into any part of the county of Carroll to serve and execute process ; he shall be allowed the same fees as are allowed to constables in civil and criminal cases, and in other cases such fees as shall be allowed by the president and town council ; he shall be collector of the town ; he shall collect all taxes, fines, forfeitures and penalties assessed or accruing under this act, or the ordinances of the president and town council ; all fines, penalties and forfeitures, he shall, within ten days after their receipt of the same, pay the treasurer of the corporation, taking hiS receipt therefor, which he shall forthwith deposit with the recorder. The marshal. as collector, shall, within three months from the time of receiving the duplicate of taxes, collect, by distress and sale of property as constables on execution, all taxes charged on said duplicates, and shall pay the same over to the treasurer, and take his receipt therefor, which treasurer's receipt he shall deposit with the recorder, and take the recorderls certificate for the same ; but before he shall take, by distress, the property of any person charged with taxes, he shall give notice by advertisement published in some public newspaper printed in said town for the space of two weeks, that a duplicate of taxes has been put in his hands for collection, which notice shall state the amount of taxes charged on the dollar of the appraised value ; and in all cases in which the said marshal shall have to resort to dis- CARROLL AND HARRISON COUNTIES - 139 tress and sale of property, he shall be allowed to retain out of the money paid or collected, at the expense of the delinquent person, the same fees that are allowed to constables for similar services under execution; and when the person resides within the limits of said corporation, owing any tax, it shall be the duty of the said marshal to make a personal demand of said tax. at least ten days before he shall make any distress for the same. Section 15. That the treasurer shall keep a correct account of all moneys in his hands on account of Said corporation, and pay the same out on the order of the president, being registered by the recorder, and published annually in some newspaper printed in said town, a statement of the receipts and expenditures of said borough, after the annual settlement with the town council, and to give bonds with such security as a majority of the town council shall require, and shall receive such compensation for his services as said town council shall think sufficient. Section 16. That the town council shall not, under any circumstances, have the power to grant licenses to grog-shops, or retailers of ardent spirits ; but they shall have power to regulate licenses, or prohibit all shows and public exhibitions. Section 17. That any person elected to any office within said corporation shall be fined in any sum not exceeding five dollars nor less than one for refusing to accept said office or appointment. Section 18. That said town shall be allowed the use of the common jail of the County of Carroll for the confinement of any person liable to imprisonment under the ordinances of said town, and all persons committed to said jail shall be under the charge of the sheriff, as in other cases. Section 19. That this act shall be favorably construed, and received in all courts of justice as a public act, and copies thereof, printed under the authority of the General Assembly, shall be received as evidence without further proof : Provided, any future Legislature shall have power to alter, amend or repeal this act : Provided, also, that such repeal shall not effect rights vested by this act, or legal proceeding by virtue thereof. (Signed) JOHN H. KEITH, Speaker of the House of Representatives. DAVID T. DISNEY, February 24, 1834 Speaker of the Senate. POSTOFFICE HISTORY From the writings of Peter M. Herold, always counted quite reliable, comes this statement concerning the various postoffices and postmasters at Carrollton, the same having been written in 1890: The first mail contract through this part of Ohio was a weekly route from Steubenville to Canton, let to Andrew Lucky of Jefferson County. He carried the mail on foot. Mail was light, for there were few newspapers at that time, it will be remembered and also few wrote letters. There was no postoffice between Canton and Springfield and none from Steubenville and Springfield. Postage stamps 140 - CARROLL AND HARRISON COUNTIES did not come into use until 1847. Any distance less than fifty miles was six and a fourth cents ; over fifty miles and less than two hundred miles, twelve and a half cents ; over five hundred miles, twenty- five cents per letter. In 1820 the contract to carry the mail from Steubenville to Canton once a week was re-let to William Barber, Sr., who was required to carry it on horseback. Soon after this a postoffice was established at Centerville (now Carrollton), and Alexander Leslie was appointed first postmaster under President James Monroe. Mr. Leslie kept the office in a two story log house afterward torn away to make room for the house erected by Lewis Roberts on Main street. Mr. Barber put a hack in operation on the route. In 1828 there was a tri-weekly mail route established from Steubenville to Canton and the mail was required to be carried on coaches and Mr. Leslie was retained as postmaster under President John Quincy Adams. Centerville then had a tri-weekly mail service each way and it was carried on coaches drawn by four "bob-tailed bays," the driver announcing his arrival from his seat on top of the coach by the shrill notes of a winding horn ; and as the heavy wheels of the coach thundered down Main street all business was suspended for the time being, while men, women and children rushed to their front doors to view this innovation of civilization. The first number of the Centerville Record, September 15, 1832, by John D. Patton, appeared and a few weeks later a "list of uncalled for letters" was published : Henry Atherton, Thomas Atherton, David Boiler, Thomas Crosier, John Elder, Thomas Eckley, Susan Foutz, Mary Griffin, George Kintner, John Lindsay, Dr. E. McElroy, Anderson McFerren, Jane McCloud, Thomas Patton, Rebecca Peterson, Rev. James Robinson and Jonathan Hart. (Signed) A. LESLIE, Postmaster. Philander Williams was postmaster under President Andrew Jackson for a short time, quit and was followed by Samuel Sterling in 1833, when the new county waS organized and Carrollton made the county seat. In 1840 Thomas Wilson had a small brewery which he turned into a postoffice building. The word "brewery" was painted in large white letters upon the weatherboarding. He was a shoemaker also and died along in the fifties. STAGE RACING It was in Wilson's administration that the memorable stage race was had from Steubenville to Canton, between a stage coach drawn by four horses and a man named Orwick from Jefferson County, who drove the entire distance of fifty-seven miles with one horse and a sulky, on a wager of $1,000. At that date the coach fare was five cents a mile, which the man who drove the sulky refused to pay and said he could beat the stage coach with his old blind horse and he won out, too! The next postmaster was Henry A. Stidger in 1846. Next came Charles Elson, under who was forever laid aside the large wooden CARROLL AND HARRISON COUNTIES- 141 stamp that marked the letters "Paid" instead of attaching a postage stamp that was by CongreSs ordered in 1851 to be used. The next postmaster at Carrollton was JameS Toland, May 25, 1853. The first mail was brought to Carrollton by railway train via the Oneida & Carrollton Railway followed by a grand railway jubilee June 2d that year. The next postmaster was George W. Butler, who commenced under President Lincoln, and kept the office where the year before was a tan-yard. Next was George Beatty from Johnson's to U. S. Grant's administrations. He died in 1875, his daughter running the postoffice until August, 1875, when William H. Tripp was appointed postmaster under President Grant's second term and on through the Hayes, Garfield and Arthur administrations. Had a railroad service regularly from 1853, but no telegraph line until June 20, 1879. J. V. Lawler, editor of the Chronicle, was postmaster under Cleveland's administration and then it was that Carrollton became a third class postoffice. It was kept in the old fire engine house on Main street. Then came (second time) William H. Tripp between Cleveland's two terms, in Benjamin Harrison's term. The office was then kept on the first floor of the Free Press office building. From that date to the present the postmasters have been : Judge Fred W. McCoy served one term and was followed by Judge John Tripp, Prof. W. H. Ray and James C. Oglevee. Tripp was removed and Ray died in office. Mr. Oglevee's term of office expired sixteen months after the election of Woodrow Wilson. when J. V. Lawler was again appointed, September, 1918, and is still the Carrollton postmaster. He has held the office while it was in the fourth, third and second classes. Today the Carrollton postoffice is a second class postoffice, with six rural free delivery routes extending to the outlying territory. The routes and carriers are as follows : No. 1, James R. Hill ; No. 2. R. L. McFadden ; No. 3, Orvel C. Walsh ; No. 4, Oliver C. Scott ; No. 5, David Blazer ; No. 6, John W. Maple. City carriers are : A. A. Markley, route one ; A. L. Rainsberger, route two. The present (February, 1921) office force at Carrollton is as follows : Postmaster, J. V. Lawler ; assistant postmaster, Frank L. Harsh ; clerks, Miss Leah C. Hall and Miss Helen Rader (auxiliary). The present postoffice building is owned by D. O. Rutan and has been occupied ten years and leased for ten more. The office has been entered and the safe blew up twice under postmasters Lawler and Ray. The gross receipts of this office for the last fiscal year was about $14,000; about $4,300 on deposit in the savings department. During the recent World war this office sold about $335,000 worth of Savings Stamps. 142 - PICTURE OF CARROLLTON POTTERY COMPANY, CARROLLTON CARROLL AND HARRISON COUNTIES- 143 INDUSTRIAL INTERESTS THE CARROLLTON POTTERY COMPANY This plant has nearly four acres of floor space and includes nine ware kilns, eight decorating kilns, employs 350 persons, annual payroll, $140,000; annual production over a half million dollars. The management in the spring of 1921 kindly furnished the following facts (historic) concerning the plant, especially for this county history: The advent of prosperity and real business activity in Carrollton is identical with the formation of The Carrollton Pottery Company, the first industry of any size to be started in this section. At the invitation of a number of progressive citizens, the promoters of The Carrollton Pottery Company, visited the town in January. 1903, the plan was worked out, the town subscribed $50,000.00 in bonds, and The Carrollton Pottery Company was organized and incorporated in the early spring by the following promoters : E. L. Henderson, A. E. Albright, M. F. Albright, A. E. Mitzel, L. E. Henderson. Building operations were immediately begun and in the following August, manufactured ware was placed on the market. The original construction comprised five general ware kilns, and four decorating kilns and has Since been increased to the present capacity of nine ware kilns, and eight decorating kilns, with a production three times that of the original plant.. In June, 1914, fire destroyed nearly half the plant, which was immediately rebuilt and a substantial addition added, the entire factory being made fire proof at that time and equipped with automatic sprinkler system. During the period of 1913 to 1915 the stock holders and promoters were retired from the company, their interest and stock being purchased by E. L. Henderson, who has served as president of the company since its organization in 1903, and general manager until 1918, when a partnership was entered into with his son, R. E. Henderson, who has been with the company since out of college in 1911. The ware manufactured by this company is high grade semi-vitreous porcelain, or what is commonly known as American china, finding ready sale in competition with the best American Products. The greater majority of the product is decorated and sold to the largest department store trade. All raw materials in this industry are shipped in, the clays from Kentucky, Tennessee and England. Employment is furnished for 350 people, most of whom have learned their trade in this factory. An aggressive and wide-a-wake manufacturing and sling policy originated and operated under the present management has enabled The Carrollton Pottery Company to command the best market price and good business, even under depressed trade conditions, and assures a continuance of success for this company. Much of the success of this company can be attributed to the efficient managers and skilled workmen in the various departments, whose loyalty is proven by long continuance in present employ. 144 - CARROLL AND HARRISON COUNTIES The factory is operating to full capacity, to meet the increasing demand for its product, which demonstrates universal recognition by the trade. and consumer of the superior quality of ware produced from up-to-date manufacturing methods. Officers : E. L. Henderson, president ; R. E. Henderson. treasurer and General Manager ; George B. Fowler, Secretary and Sales Manager ; Charles W. Bowman, factory superintendent. TUSCAN TIRE AND RUBBER COMPANY Standing at the forefront of Carrollton's industrial plants is the Tuscan Tire & Rubber Company who bought out another similar concern, making rubber goods of various kinds, in August, 1909 and in April, 1910, incorporated for $120,000. In December. 1912. the capital was increased to $500,000. The building of automobile tires was commenced in the spring. of 1911. Its early officers included these : T. J. Saltsman. president ; Dr. J. R. Williams, vice-president; J. Howard Richards, secretary and treasurer ; manager, Homer J. Richards. This is one of the largest mail order rubber houses in the world. They are makers of the famous "Buckskin" and the "Tuscan" tires. and they have been large manufacturers of druggists sundry rubber goods, gloves, etc. Home capital is largely used in the running of PICTURE OF TUSCAN TIRE AND RUBBER COMPANY this great tire producing plant, which deals direct with the consumer. It contains the latest machinery known to the rubber art industry. The buildings are all solid brick structures, well lighted, and as well ventilated, as has been determined by the State health officers. The tire making section of this plant is indeed a marvel. Its spacious offices were completed in 1915, at which date it had a daily capacity of three hundred automobile tires. The buildings are as near fire proof as it is possible to make a building, but to be doubly safe a modern automatic sprinkling system has been constructed for the factory. The factory produces its own electricity for power and lighting. Ten years ago there was a floor space of over seventy thousand square feet. THE ALBRIGHT CHINA COMPANY The enterprising publishers of the Carrollton Free Press-Standard, in their Centennial edition in 1915, gave facts as follows concerning one of the great manufacturing industries of the place: CARROLL AND HARRISON COUNTIES- 145 One of the latest acquisitions to Carrollton's successful manufacturing industries is the Albright China Company. During July, 1914, shortly after Messrs. A. E. and M. F. Albright retired from the Carrollton Pottery Company it was learned that they might be induced to again enter the business with which they were so familiar. Several citizens' meetings were called, and the evening before Chautauqua opened, July 28. a meeting was held under the "Big Top" on the Chautauqua grounds A crowd of three hundred headed by the band, marched to the tent and before the meeting adjourned the sum of $32,400 was subscribed and within twenty-four hours the fifty thousand dollar bond issue was over subscribed. All the preliminary details were soon closed and the site selected. Ground was broken October 15, for the new plant, and it was constructed in record-breaking time. The first ware was made March 1, and by April 5. the first decorating kiln was fired. The building covers grounds 510 by 140 feet. the clay shops being two stories. The building has 80,000 feet of floor space. The two 100 horse-power boilers and the 100 horse-power Buckeye engine supply, the motive power while a 35 k. w. dynamo furnished the power for the lighting system and operates the glaze mills and tinting machines. The building is protected against fire by the automatic sprinkler system and scattered over the building are 1,580 sprinkler heads. The steel tank holding the water for fire purposes contains 50,000 gallons. The pottery is what is known as a seven-kiln plant with a capacity of twelve kilns which will be built as soon as demanded. In 1915 the officers were: President, M. F. Albright ; vice-president. W. T. McNutt; secretary. I. E. Mincks ; treasurer. A. E. Albright ; assistant treasurer, R. G. Wright; shop foreman, George W. Dunn. S. M. Ferguson was then general superintendent of the plant and Percy Wain had charge of the decorating shops. With the passing years this concern has grown to still larger proportions and is today a giant plant well managed and capitalized. THE AMERICAN GAS COMPANY This concern is the successor of the old American Oil and Gas Company. That company was incorporated with a capital of $50,000. September 13. 1905, by James A. Lee. of Lee Township; George B. McIntire, Harlem Springs ; T. J. Fleming, Edward Hite and L. W. Steinmetz, Amsterdam. The first officers of this company were : President, W. V. Baird, Scio; vice-president. L. W. Steinmetz, Amsterdam; secretary-treasurer, Edward Hite, Amsterdam ; general manager, W. J. Cook, Carrollton. At this time the company had one well, which was located on the John Stenger farm. Loudon Township. After the organization of the company six hundred and eighty-two shares of stock were sold at fifty dollars a share. Two more wells were drilled, the one on the J. T. Simmons farm and the one on the Stenger place. December 12, 1905, the Carrollton village council gave the company a franchise, which became effective in August. 1906. The village obtained its first gas in Nbvember. 1906. 146 - PICTURE OF THE GEO. H. BOWMAN COMPANY ALUMINUM WARE AND TOY FACTORY CARROLL AND HARRISON COUNTIES- 147 In January, 1910, a new company was formed and styled the American Gas Company, capitalized at $150,000, with W. V. Baird, L. W. Steinmetz, W. J. Cook, L. S. Hall and B. F. Hosterman as incorporators, absorbing the American Oil and Gas Company and the Scio Oil and Gas Company, and six thousand shares were sold at $25 per share. The officers of this company were : President, W. V. Baird, Scio ; vice-president, L. S. Hall, Carrollton ; Secretary and treasurer, A. K. Rader, Carrollton and an executive board of Messrs. W. J. Cook, Marietta ; F. J. Catlin. Scio ; L. W. Steinmetz, Amsterdam. Harlem Springs, Scio, Jewett and Kilgore were all supplied with natural gas by this company. A report made in 1915 shows the following number of taps : Carrollton, 520; Harlem Springs, forty-one ; Kilgore, thirty-three ; Scio, 300; Jewett, 235. At the meter reading on the last of May, 1915, the gas consumption amounted to 7,803,000 feet and a total reading for 1914 of 93,494,000 feet. In 1915 this company had in operation twenty-eight wells. The most earnest and capable man connected with this enterprise is the secretary-treasurer, A. K. Rader, who has been with the company since 1906. ALUMINUM WARE AND STEEL TOYS The Geo. H. Bowman Company is an organization with diversified branches, among which are seven factories, the plant at Carrollton being one of these. This company has been in existence forty-eight years, having been founded by I. T. Bowman, father of Geo. H. Bowman, president. Four years ago the company acquired the original factory buildings of F. B. Hosterman & Son, toy manufacturers, and withinu the past eighteen months have constructed new buildings and are devoting the entire plant to the manufacture of aluminum cooking utensils, making the famous "Swissalu" brand, which is known nationally. The Carrollton factory now employ 75 men but in the near future expect to afford employment to about 200. The new buildings are of modern construction, no detail for the comfort and safety of the employes being omitted. The product of this factory is marketed universally. COMMERCIAL INTERESTS 1N 1921 In the winter of 1920-21 the following constituted the chief business and professional interests in the village of Carrollton : Attorneys-I. H. Blythe. W. L. Handley, F. M. McCoy, T. C. Oglevee, William Maffett, H. J. Eckley. Auto Agencies—Carbon Motor Company, Ford's Agency (W. M. Geisey), Croxton Garage, Miller Brothers and     Bracken. Banking-The Cummings Trust Company, the First National Bank and the Cummings Savings Bank. (See Banking Chapter.) Barbers—Beadle Brothers, C. C. Connell. Ralph Kirby. Bakeries—John Gould and J. C. Miller. Blacksmiths-Grant Wagner, J. A. Wilkin & Son, Frank Henderson. Clothing-(Exclusive) G. S. Tinlin, Stewart's Ready-made Ladies Wear. 148 - CARROLL AND HARRISON COUNTIES Drugs—J. H. McElroy. M. C. Sterling. Furniture—J. C. Butler, John Arbaugh, both are undertakers also. Grocers—(Exclusive) J. W. Ferrell & Son, James Borden, John Borden and Mr. Vasbinder. General Dealers-John Butler. The Shepherd-Blazer Company. Five-Ten-Cent Store—J. U. Heiniger. Hardware-Tope & Vasbinder, Radebush & Davis. Hotels—The Park and the Jones. Implement Dealers-See Hardware dealers. Jewelers—J. W. Helfrich, 0. G. Albright, F. Rankin. Lumber—J. W. Whitcraft, ____ Tope. Livery—George Galbraith. Meat Markets—Denning & Slater, Marshall & McCort. Milling (Flour)-Farmers Co-operative Exchange. Millinery Store—A. & M. Pearce. Newspapers—The Free Press-Standard and the Chronicle. (See Press Chapter.) Dance Hall-Park Beatty. Physicians—Doctors Williams, Murray, Ziegler & Hise. Hathaway and Chiropractic Dr. Benard Quinn. Photographer—Mr. Hopkins. Restaurants—Same as Bakeries. Shoe Stores—Mike Lanahan, R. N. Overholt. Shoe Repairs—Peter M. Herold, Pflug's "Shoe Shop" and J. B. Captuo. Live Stock—James Miller, John Reed, William Miller. Tailor—Samuel Hall. Veterinary Surgeon—Doctor Wiligman. Pool Halls—John Beck, Samuel Beadle. Picture Show—Dawson & Coleman. Coal Dealers-Ira S. Moody—the hundred-year-old coal yard. The Tuscan Rubber Company—makes automobile tires. Albright China Company. Carrollton Pottery Company. The Aluminum Manufacturing Company. The Brick Works. Harness Work-Robert Wier. Broom Factory—Dunlap Brothers. Porch Swings-Mr. Kuhn.