300 - HISTORY OF CHESTER COUNTY, PENNSYLVANIA.

came from Baltimore, Md., and began preaching in a barn. Services were held, converts made, and the new sect so increased in numbers that in the year 1841 they resolved to erect a meeting-house. In that year they built a small stone edifice at Chestnut Grove, in Penn township, about a mile and a half from the village of New London. That house was taken down in 1880, and was commenced the erection of a larger (a frame) structure, which is inclosed, but remains unfinished.

They have had but two pastors, Mr. Edward Orvis and Mr. Somers, who each remained but a few years, the first about 1852, and the last left in the spring of 1880. The rest of the time the worship was conducted by some of their own members, with occasionally a preacher coming from Baltimore and preaching daily for a week or two. At such times some converts would generally be made, which kept up their membership, which is said to number 60 at the present time. The present officers are Thomas Slack, J. W. Hammond, John Miller, and Isaac Vandegrif.

" CHRISTIAN" CHURCH.

About 1845 to 1850, Elder Frederick Plummer, a minister of the denomination calling themselves " Christians," came into this county, and preached in a grove near Kimbleville. He continued to hold services and made converts to his faith, who erected a brick church edifice about two miles southwest of Kimbleville, in Franklin township, which they called Mount Olivet, and where a church of that persuasion was organized. Elder Charles H. Plummer, a nephew of Frederick Plummer, was pastor for a few years, and was succeeded by Elder William H. Pittman. A Mr. Parvin also preached there for a time. About 1878 and 1879, Rev. David Somers, of the Church of the Disciples, in Penn township, preached there and superintended a Sunday-school. The church is now unoccupied for religious purposes. The membership is not numerous.

The United Brethren erected a church in Phoenixville, on Gay Street, in 1871, having previously held their services in the Mennonite meeting-house.

ROMAN CATHOLIC CHURCH.

The first mission of this church within the limits of Chester County must have been established between the years 1730 (when a mission was set up at the residence of Thomas Wilcox, at Ivy Mills) and 1757, at which latter date it appears* there were in Chester County, under care of Robert Harding, 18 men and 22 women ; under care of Theodore Schneider (of Germans?), 13 men and 9 women ; of Irish, 9 men and 6 women ; under care of Ferdinand Farmer, of Irish, 23 men and 17 women ; of Germans, 3 men. Robert Harding was a priest residing in Philadelphia, but the location of the others is not stated.

Their growth at first was very slow, owing to a spirit of antagonism to this church, not only manifested during the proprietary days, † but even beyond the close of the eight-

* From a return of the number of " Roman Catholics in Pennsylvania, 1757 (that is, of all such as receive the Sacraments, beginning from twelve years of age, or thereabouts)."—Archives, iii. 144.

† It is seen in the form of qualification for members of Assembly in early times, and in the proprietary instructions to the colonial gover-

eenth century. Hence the congregations were small and scattered, and so continued for many years; but foreign emigration has increased their numbers until the Roman Catholic Church has become one of the strong religious bodies of the county.

About the year 1793, at the west end of Gay Street, in West Chester, a little Catholic chapel stood,—a small affair indeed, but it was attended with as much reverence by the small number of Catholics as a larger one and more grand in construction would merit. This was at that time called " Christ's Church," and in it the holy sacrifice of the Mass was offered up occasionally, when the people would gather from the surrounding country, and when a priest would come out from Philadelphia (there being no resident pastor until about the year 1840).

But poor inducement was offered the early Catholic settlers of this county to assist and attend to their religious duties.

At this time missionaries went about the country offering up Mass and practicing other services of the church at every gathered group of' the faithful,—in farm-houses and other available places. The following is a correct copy of a missionary's memorandum :

" 1840.

" Masses annually given at Mr. Arthur O'Neil's, 11th of March, 13th of May, 12th of August, 28th of October.

"Masses at Mr. Philip Dougherty's and Mr. Maguire's, 10th of June. Mass, confessions, and sermons at Mr. Maguire's.

"14th of May, Mass, confessions, and sermons at Mr. Philip Dougherty's."

The name of the missionary was not attached to the paper, but is supposed to have been a Jesuit from St. Joseph's, Philadelphia. These services were no doubt well attended, for it has been shown that the spirit of Christianity burned as ardently in the breasts of the faithful in those days as at the present.

In the year 1840 or '41, Bishop Kendrick, who was then Bishop of Philadelphia, detailed the Rev. P. D. Donahoe to the growing parish of West- Chester.

Passing over the zealous labors of Father Donahoe and his large number of successors as Christian guardians of St. Agnes', West Chester, we come to the 20th of June,. 1851, when the Rev. John Francis Prendergast, better known by the parishioners as " Father John," entered upon his field of religious duty as spiritual director of the congregation. He came to West Chester the day after he was ordained a priest by Bishop Kendrick, and for a period of twenty years he labored zealously in the congregation.

Attached to West Chester at this time were the parishes

nors in 1738, and reiterated in 1763 and 1766, one of the twenty-six articles being as follows :

" 6th. Whereas the said province and counties were happily at first settled and afterwards subsisted without any considerable mixture of Papists, it is with concern we now hear that of late times several Papists have resorted thither. Now as their Political Principles (which they ever inculcate as Religious Principles) tend to the breach of publick Faith, are destructive to morality and totally subvert every civil and Religious Right of a free People, We recommend it to you to prevent as much as in you lies the coining in or settling of Papists within your Government and that you do not extend any Privileges to them nor admit any of them into any office, post or Employment whatsoever within your Government."

ROMAN CATHOLIC CHURCH.—THE BATTLE-AXES - 301

of Parkesburg, Downingtown, Doe Run, one in Lancaster County, and Ivy Mills, Delaware County. Mass was celebrated in St. Agnes' church only once or twice a month, as the other Sundays were occupied at the other places. After a stay here of a few months, Father John commenced the erection of a new church at Downingtown, and St. Joseph's was dedicated in about a year's time after he entered the priesthood.

In the month of August, 1852, the corner-stone of St. Agnes' church was laid. In June, 1853, it was dedicated to its patroness, the Rev. Dr. Moriarity, O.S.A., officiating. The first high mass was Sung in May, 1853, and in 1857 the St. Mary Sodality was organized. The Revs. John F. Prendergast and John Wall both were buried in St.' Agnes' cemetery, the latter having died after a short pastorate in the parish. Father Sheridan, who died recently in Philadelphia, was pastor of this church in 1813.

The church of the Sacred Heart, at Oxford, was erected in 1880, and dedicated on September 5th by the Most Rev. Archbishop Wood. The church is of brick, 70 by 36 feet in size, with a slate roof, and will accommodate 400 persons. Rev. J. F. Kelly is the pastor, who also attends the mission at Kennet Square, where is a small frame church, known as St. Patrick's, dedicated in 1872.

St. Mary's church, at Phoenixville, was built in 1841, prior to which services were held for a time in the Tunnel Hill school-house, under the care of Rev. P. D. Donohue. The late Father O'Farrell had charge of this congregation for many years, and his death was greatly lamented. He was succeeded in 1868 by Father Scanlin, who enlarged and beautified the church, making it into the shape of a cross. Father Martin succeeded Father Scanlin as pastor, assisted by Rev. Father Lynch, formerly of West Chester parish. The first church building was small, only 30 by 45 feet ; the present structure is one of the finest of the denomination in the county.

The present parish of St. Cecilia, together with the attached missions of Doe Run and Parkesburg, cover all that portion of the county lying between Thorndale and Lancaster County, running south to a line two or three miles below Doe Run village and north to the border of the county.

Of the present church building in Coatesville the cornerstone was laid on Sunday, Dec. 11, 1870, during the pastorate of Rev. Charles McFadden. It was blessed and opened for services by Most. Rev. James F. Wood, D.D., archbishop of the diocese of Philadelphia, on Sunday, Nov. 22, 1874. Previous to this services were held in a hall in Midway.

The old parish, of which Coatesville was only a mission, was the parish of Our Lady of, Seven Dolors, Parkesburg. Here it was the priest resided, and attended the missions round from Dry Wells and McCall's Ferry, in Lancaster County, to Coatesville, Doe Run, West Grove, Oxford, and the country round down to the Maryland border.

The church in Parkesburg was built in 1854 or 1855, on a plot of ground northwest of Parkesburg, given to the parish by the McFillin family.

Before that time there had been a small church at Doe Run, built about 1835, since torn down, and replaced by a new one in 1865. There was never any resident priest at Doe Run. It was attended from West Chester till the church in Parkesburg was built, after that from Parkes-burg. Subsequent to this, at what date we cannot state, but within the last eight or nine years, West Grove, Oxford, and all that lower portion of the county were cut away.

Rev. — Doyle was the first priest resident at Parkesburg. He came about 1855 or 1856. From that time forward for several years Coatesville was attended once every few weeks from Parkesburg; but, the town growing in importance, and the number of Catholics increasing even beyond the number in the parish proper, provision had to be made for them, and preparations were made to build a church, of which the corner-stone was laid in 1870. About the same time the seat of the parish was changed from Parkesburg to Coatesville, and Coatesville became the parish proper, Parkesburg the mission. Previous to this, in 1867, when the diocese of Harrisburg was erected, all that portion of the parish lying in Lancaster County was cut off. The new church of St. Cecilia, at Coatesville, was formally opened and blessed Nov. 22, 1874, under the pastorate of Rev. L. McCabe.

The name of the church at Parkesburg is " Our Lady of the Seven Dolors," and of that at Doe Run " St. Malachi," formerly "St. Catharine."

There are in Coatesville and surroundings about 90 Catholic families, in Parkesburg and vicinity about 45, and on Doe Run 30.

Although it is not very long since this wide district was attended by priests from Ivy Mills, in Delaware County, yet now there exist in this county about a dozen churches of this faith, each with a spiritual director, and in a flourishing condition. Besides those previously referred to, may be named the brick church at West Grove, called the Assumption of the Blessed Virgin Mary, of which the corner-stone was laid Sept. 14, 1873, and dedicated June 18, 1876.

THE BATTLE-AXES.

There existed in Chester County in 1840, and perhaps a few years earlier, a most strange sect, bearing the equally strange title of " Battle-Axes." They had a number of followers in the northern part of the county in 1840, at which time they seem first to have attracted attention. In 1844 a number of them were arrested ; some of whom were tried and convicted, the others being subsequently discharged. William Stubblebine seems to have died in this faith, and in the case (Snyder vs. Stubblebine) regarding the validity of his will there is a mention of this sect. Its principles were essentially those known as " free love," the leading ideas being that all connection between husband and wife was severed, and to possess all things in common, in the fullest sense of the words. The leader of the society here was Theophilus R. Gates, then a resident of Philadelphia,* and the chief female votary one Hannah Williamson, a single woman. † It is unnecessary to add that this peculiar sect has now no existence here.

* In 1837 several numbers of a pamphlet entitled "Battle-Axe and Weapons of War," and devoted to the new faith, were printed, being edited by T. R. Gates, 290 North Third Street, Philadelphia.

† West Chester Local News, Feb. 12, 1874.

EDUCATIONAL AND LITERARY.

SCHOOLS AND ACADEMIES.

THE Society of Friends were the pioneers in educational matters in Chester County. In noticing the primary institution of schools, therefore, the labors of the society in that direction merit the first. notice.

The Yearly Meeting of the society, from time to time, gave much earnest and practical advice in relation to the settlement of schools, and in 1778 advised that in the compass of each Monthly Meeting ground should be provided sufficient for a garden, orchard, grass for cow, etc., and a suitable house and stable be erected, as an encouragement to and making provision for the accommodation of a teacher of staid character and proper qualifications; and it was also recommended that funds should be collected for the establishment and support of schools. In accordance with these advices, very many of the meetings provided such property,* and created ample funds to aid in the support of schools, which several of them still successfully employ in that way. To show the working of this system a single example, that of the school at Marlborough, will suffice. The grounds there consist of two acres, with suitable buildings ; and a resident teacher of' excellent qualifications, employed in 1830, continued in charge of the school until 1851, a period of twenty-one years. †

These Friends' schools were numerous in those portions of the county where that society formed the bulk of the population, and imparted a solid education to all the youth of their respective neighborhoods, keeping pace, in the studies taught, with those usually pursued in ordinary academical institutions.

Among the most noted of these early schools established by the Society of Friends was the one at Birmingham Meeting-house, about 1753, on the site of the battle of Brandywine. This school was for many years under the charge of John Forsythe, one of the best teachers that Chester County has been favored with. Many of those who were introduced by him to the fields of literature and science became conspicuous in after-life, notably among them the late Dr. William Darlington, the celebrated botanist, whose fame is world-wide.

The western and northwestern portions of the county

* So early as 1787 Kennet Monthly Meeting prepared a series of nine rules for the use of its Preparative Meetings in raising a fund for the promotion of sehools therein. The fifth rule provides, " The trustees shall, as soon as they see occasion, apply the interest arising from this fund to schooling the children of such poor people, whether Friends or others, as live within the verge of the Monthly Meeting,—Provided, that such children comply with the rules of the school." This plan of procedure, somewhat modified, was adopted by the Marlhorough Preparative Meeting, 3d of 8th month, 1803.

† The school property of the Preparative Meeting, including the fund, may now be worth some three thousand dollars.

were very largely peopled by the race known as the Scotch-Irish. These were a class of settlers very remarkable for intellectual activity, ever prompt to encourage improvements, and especially to promote the establishment of educational institutions for the better instruction of youth, and many of them came ready and fitted to engage in the work. The Irish schoolmaster, as he was termed, was generally a man who ruled with a sternness in marked contrast with the milder methods of the present day, but who imparted a thorough knowledge of the branches then taught.

In the section of the county inhabited by these people and their descendants the school-houses were adequate to the requirements of the people, and the schools were well supported.

It is doubtless to the fact that Chester County was so fortunate in the character of her early settlers, and that education was so universal among all classes from the earliest settlement of the province, that she owes the preeminence which her people have attained for intelligence and general culture.

The early school-houses were either log or stone, sometimes built in an octagonal form, and called eight-square school-houses. The desks were placed around against the walls, and the pupils occupying them sat facing the windows. Benches without backs, for the smaller children, occupied the middle of the room. A desk for the teacher, a huge stove in the centre of the room, a bucket, and what. was called the " pass"—a small paddle, with the words " in" and " out" written on its opposite sides—constituted the furniture of the building. These structures have long since disappeared, and Chester County is now well supplied with school-houses of a superior character, both in their architecture, internal arrangement, and furniture.

Fagg's Manor Classical School—Chester County has possessed from quite early times numerous and well-conducted academical institutions. The earliest of which we have an account was the classical school at Fagg's Manor; established about the year 1739 by the celebrated Rev. Samuel Blair, and conducted by him until his death in 1751. His brother, the Rev. John Blair, succeeded him, and had charge until 1767, when he was elected to a professorship in the College of New Jersey and removed to Princeton. This school was prolific in valuable men, and there came forth from it many pupils who subsequently became distinguished scholars and Christian ministers, among whom may be named Samuel Davies, D.D., called in his day the " prince of preachers," and who was one of the presidents of the College of New Jersey; John Rogers, D.D., for a long. time an eminent minister in New York ; Robert Smith, D.D., a noted teacher ; John McMillan, D.D., the founder of Jefferson College ; and the

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Revs. Alexander Cumming, James Finley, Hugh Henry, Samuel Blair, D.D., John Woodhull, D.D., Hugh Mc-Aden, James F. Armstrong, James Dunlap, and Nathaniel Irwin. Another pupil was James Ross, one of the first professors of Dickinson College, a noted teacher of the classics, and author of Latin and Greek grammars, etc.

New London Academy.—Rev. Francis Alison opened an academy at New London in 1743, which became a justly celebrated institution, and furnished both Church and State many men of mark. Among those who were educated there were Charles Thomson, secretary of the Continental Congress ; Dr. John Ewing, provost of the University of Pennsylvania ; Dr. David Ramsay, the historian ; Dr. Hugh Williamson, Rev. James Latta, D.D., Rev. Matthew Wilson, D.D., and three signers of the Declaration of Independence,—Thomas McKean, George Reed, and James Smith.

In 1752, Dr. Alison removed to Philadelphia, and was succeeded by Alexander McDowell, by whom the academy was removed to Newark, Del., where it became the basis on which was founded the Delaware College.

The present New London Academy was organized in 1828, and became the successor, in name and locality, of the old school of Dr. Alison. It has, with one or two brief intervals, always been in a highly prosperous condition, and many hundreds of pupils, some of whom have become eminent, have received their education there. Since 1828 it has had as principals, among others, James Magraw, T. Marshall Boggs, William S. Graham, W. S. F. Graham, William F. Wyers, George Duffield, and Edward D. Porter. The highest number of pupils at any one time has been eighty-five.

The Nottingham Academy.—This institution was established in 1744 by Samuel Finley, D.D. It was conducted with admirable wisdom and success, and acquired a higher reputation than any other in the middle colonies, so that students from a distance were attracted to it. Some of the ablest and best men in the country laid the foundation of their eminence and usefulness here, among whom may be mentioned Dr. Benjamin Rush and his brother, Judge Jacob Rush, Governor Martin, of North Carolina, Governor McWhorter, of New Jersey, Governor Henry, of Maryland, Ebenezer Hazard, Col. John Bayard, Wm. M. Tennant, D.D., Rev. Joseph Smith, and James Waddell, D.D., the blind preacher, whose eloquence is eulogized by William Wirt in his " British Spy."

Dr. Finley was a man of fine parts, extensive attainments, and, according to Dr. Rush, " one of the wisest and best of men," and there were no better classical scholars formed anywhere than in his school. It was broken up by the removal of Dr. Finley to assume the presidency of Princeton College, in 1761 ; but it has had a worthy successor in the West Nottingham Academy, in Maryland, which was instituted through the agency of Rev. Dr. James Magraw in 1812, and which has always enjoyed a large patronage, and continues to flourish at the present time.

George Churchman, Jr., appears to have opened a boarding-school in Nottingham as early as 1764. His circular, dated 1st month 16th, gives the terms " at the rate of £18 per annum, and so for a quarter, half year, or more."

The Brandywine Acadcmy, near the Manor meetinghouse, now in West Brandywine township, was opened in the year 1793 for instruction in the classics and higher branches of science. It was a necessary adjunct of a theological school conducted at the same place by Rev. Nathan Grier. The academy was at different periods under the direction of Rev. M. McPherson, Matthew G. Wallace, John Ralston, John F. Grier, and Rev. John W. Grier, and closed about 1816. Many who became eminent in professional life were educated here, and its pupils have exerted a widespread and beneficial influence.

Rev. Nathan Grier, pastor of the Brandywine Manor Presbyterian Church, took under his care theological students. Between 1792 and his death, in 1814, he trained twenty young men for the ministry, among them Rev. David McConoughey, at one time president of Washington College, Pennsylvania, and Rev. John H. Grier, Levi Bull, and John N. C. Grier.

Upper Octorara Classical School.—In 1779, Rev. William Foster opened a classical school at Upper Octorara, which was in operation about four years, and was closed in consequence of his death. Rev. Dr. Nathaniel W. Sample was one of his students.

The Friends' Boarding-Schools.—About the year 1790, the propriety of establishing a boarding-school by the Society of Friends for the education of their youth of both sexes began to arrest attention. The subject was introduced into the Yearly Meeting, and in 1794 it became so far matured that funds were provided by voluntary contributions, and a committee appointed to seek a proper location for the proposed institution. The farm of James Gibbons, in Westtown township, Chester Co., containing six hundred acres, was purchased, and the erection of the necessary building completed in 1799. The institution was called " The Westtown Boarding-School," and went into operation in the 5th month, 1799, with three teachers, one of them John Forsythe, the popular teacher of the Birmingham school. During the first year it had on its rolls about two hundred pupils of both sexes ; and it has been in successful operation ever since.

This school is under the superintendence of a committee appointed at stated periods by the Philadelphia Yearly Meeting of the society. There are important sub-committees specially intrusted with certain duties, the principal of which are the " instruction," " farm," " admission," and " household." The immediate charge is intrusted to a superintendent, who has the general care of the institution, attends to the supplies and disbursements, but has no direct oversight of the literary departments. There are also officers called the governor and governess, who have special charge over the pupils in the intervals of school hours.

This institution is now under the exclusive control of the branch known as " Orthodox Friends," and none but the children of members of that society are admitted to the privileges of the school. Since its organization in 1799 there have been in attendance as scholars, four thousand seven hundred boys and five thousand eight hundred girls. The present annual average is about two hundred pupils, under the care of thirteen instructors. There have been over two hundred teachers, among them the well-known names

304 - HISTORY OF CHESTER COUNTY, PENNSYLVANIA.

of John Forsythe, Enoch Lewis, Emmor Kimber, John Comly, Eli Hilles, John Gummere, David Whitall, Samuel R. Gummere, and Samuel Alsop, father and son.

Since the erection of the original buildings various additions and improvements have been made from time to time, until they have become quite extensive, and are admirably adapted to their purpose. The main building is one hundred and seventy feet in length and four stories above the basement. An additional building, sixty-eight by fifty-four feet, was erected in 1869. The farm of six hundred acres, with the exception of thirty-five acres surrounding the school buildings, is in the care of a farmer appointed by the Committee. The profits inure to the use of the school. In addition to farm buildings there is a grist-mill on the premises. As the original cost of the establishment and of all improvements since made have always been defrayed by gratuitous contributions, and no accumulation of property from tuition fees is intended, the prices charged the scholars have always been very low, simply sufficient, with the income of the institution, to defray the necessary expenses. It has been as low as sixty dollars per annum. The present price is seventy-five dollars per session. Many of the pupils are boarded and educated free of cost, from the income of a fund which has been specially provided for that purpose.

This seminary has largely contributed to the diffusion of knowledge and the improvement of other schools, especially among Friends. The numerous private seminaries conducted by members of that society, with which our country abounds, may be nearly all traced, directly or indirectly, to this institution.

About 1790, George Churchman, a prominent member of the Society of Friends, founded a boarding-school in East Nottingham for the advanced education of young women, with a view to their qualification as teachers. Suitable buildings were erected, and the school conducted for a few terms, but it was overshadowed by the Westtown Boarding-School, and finally closed. The place was long known as the " Institution."

The New Garden Boarding-School for Boys was established by Enoch Lewis in 1808, and continued in active operation until 1824. It was designed principally for the instruction of pupils in mathematics, science, and natural philosophy. The reputation of Mr. Lewis (who was a member of the Society of Friends, and had been the teacher of mathematics in the Friends' school in Philadelphia from 1796 to 1799, and in the Westtown Boarding-School from its opening in 1799 until 1808) soon filled, and kept full, this school. He was an enthusiast in his sphere, and his teaching was thorough. His school was the principal one in the State in which at that day mathematics were taught on proper principles, and its influence, therefore, was far-reaching. Among others educated here were Joshua Hoopes, Joseph C. Strode, Jonathan Gause, John Bullock, and Eli and Samuel Hines, all successful teachers.

The Chester County Academy.—This school was incorporated in 1811, and a Legislative appropriation of two thousand dollars made for its benefit. Buildings were erected in 1812 upon the site selected in East Whiteland township, on the line of the leading thoroughfare between Philadelphia and the West,—the Philadelphia and Lancaster turnpike. The school went into operation in 1813, under the care of Samuel Turney, a graduate of Yale. One of the early teachers was Joseph J. Lewis (son of Enoch), who had charge of the mathematical department. Mr. Turney was a very successful teacher, and while he continued in charge of the academy its reputation stood very high ; but after he withdrew it languished, and, after alternate seasons of prosperity and adversity, it finally went down, the property being conveyed in 1865 by the trustees to the school district of East Whiteland. It is now used for common-school purposes. Among the teachers of this academy were Rev. John W. Grier, Joseph Mason, Robert P. DuBois, Samuel Durborrow, and Rev. Wm. Hilton.

The West Chester Academy, an institution in which many of Chester County's most worthy citizens have been educated, was opened in 1813. The expense of erecting the necessary buildings was contributed by voluntary subscription. The first teachers were Dr. John Gemmil and Jonathan Gause, who had charge, respectively, of the classical and mathematical departments. Dr. Gemmil died in 1814. In a short time thereafter Mr. Gause became the sole principal, and, except for a brief period, remained in charge until 1829, a period of sixteen years, when he resigned to open a private institution. During the period of Mr. Gause's incumbency the academy flourished, and became quite celebrated in Eastern Pennsylvania. Many men who afterwards became prominent in life were educated there. Among them Nimrod Strickland, Joseph Hemphill, John Hickman, Washington Townsend, Dr. Wilmer Worthington, William W. Jefferies, James B. Everhart, and Dr. George Smith, author of the " History of. Delaware County."

THE WEST CHESTER ACADEMY.

From 1829 to 1834 the academy was in charge of different principals. In the latter year Anthony Bolmar, a native of France, took charge of it, and remained until 1840. During this period it was more prosperous than it had ever been before, and was crowded with pupils. Mr. Bolmar was succeeded by James Crowell, who had charge until 1854. William F. Wyers was principal from 1854 to 1866. During this period the schools increased to such an extent that additional buildings became requisite. Messrs.

SCHOOLS AND ACADEMIES - 305

J. Hunter Worrall and Eugene Paulin succeeded Mr. Wyers in 1866, and conducted the academy until 1869, when it was finally closed as a distinct school, and merged in the State Normal School. Mr. Worrall then started, in Cabinet Hall, a " Mathematical and Classical Institute for Boys," which is still continued.

Jonathan Cause's Schools.—In 1829, Jonathan Gause, having relinquished the charge of the West Chester Academy, opened an institution which he called " The West Chester Boarding-School for Young Men and Boys," which he conducted until 1832, when he relinquished it to Cheyney Hannum, and removed to his farm in West Bradford township, where he opened the " Greenwood Dell Boarding-School." This school became very popular, and was continued until 1839, when he accepted the principalship of Unionville Academy. He conducted this institution until 1847, when he reopened his Greenwood Dell school, and was its principal until 1865, when he retired from the active duties of life, having been a teacher more than fifty-seven years.

Other Boarding-Schools.—" The Downingtown Boarding-School for Boys" was commenced by Joshua Hoopes, in 1817, and continued until 1834, when he removed to West Chester, and opened an academy there, under the title of " Hoopes' Boarding-School for Boys," which he successfully conducted until 1862, when, by reason of advancing years, he closed his school.

Edward Sparks was the founder of " The East Bradford Boarding-School for Boys" in 1816. Two years later Joseph C. Strode became its principal, and so remained, with brief intervals, until 1846. His brother-in-law, Lewis Levis, was his successor, and conducted it until 1857, when it was closed. Mr. Levis then became a teacher in the school of Anthony Bolmar.

Jonathan Gause, Joshua Hoopes, and Joseph C. Strode formed a noble triumvirate, through whose labors the minds of a large number of the youth of Chester County, in their day, were imbued with a love of scholastic lore.

" The Uwchlan Female Seminary" was conducted by William and Sarah Trimble from 1825 to 1835, and had a large attendance.

Mrs. Phelps' Young Ladies' Boarding-School, Bolmar's School, etc.—In 1837-38 a joint-stock company erected a palatial edifice in West Chester for a young ladies' boarding-school, which flourished signally as such under the charge of the accomplished Mrs., Almira H. -Lincoln Phelps, well known as the author of a work on botany. The company, however, failed, and the property, coming under the sheriff's hammer, was purchased, in 1840, by Anthony Bolmar,—or, as his name was written in full, Jean Claude Antoine Brunin de Bolmar,—who had then had charge of the West Chester Academy for the preceding six years. Mr. Bolmar converted it into a boarding-school for young men and boys, and conducted it as such until 1860. This school speedily became one of the most popular and flourishing institutions in our country. It acquired a world-wide celebrity, and attracted numerous pupils from distant places, especially from the Southern States and the West Indies. The energetic principal was regarded as the Napoleon of teachers. This school was noted for its re-

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markably systematic and exact discipline ; indeed, it was semi-military in its methodical strictness. No boy could ever boast that he had outwitted " Bolly," as he was familiarly called by his pupils. Mr. Bolmar was the author of several educational works for the instruction of pupils in the French language.

After the death of Mr. Bolmar the property was occupied by the Pennsylvania Military Academy from 1862 to 1865, under the presidency of Col. Theodore Hyatt, when it was removed to Chester. This school was large and prosperous, the cadets in attendance always numbering one hundred and twenty.

The property was then purchased by William F. Wyers, and a school reopened by him in 1866, under the title of " Wyers' Scientific and Classical Institute for Boys," and conducted by him until his death, in 1871. Mr. Wyers was an earnest and able supporter of the cause of education. He was one of the most thorough classical teachers in Pennsylvania, and for twenty-nine years he faithfully devoted himself to the arduous duties of his profession. It has been said by New England men that no teacher south of New Haven sent. scholars to enter college better prepared than were those who had been trained by Mr. Wyers. In his career as teacher he had over two thousand students under his charge.

Mr. Wyers was succeeded by Robert M. McClellan, who conducted the school for two years, when the property was purchased for the Catholic Convent of the Immaculate Heart, and a school established, entitled " Villa Maria," which is conducted under the direction of the Sisters, and is now in active operation.

The Kimberton Boarding-School.—The French Creek Boarding-School for Girls was instituted by Emmor Kimber, in 1817., The name was afterwards changed to Kimberton Boarding School, upon the establishment of a post-office of that name in the village which had grown up around the school.

This school was taught by Mr. Limber and his accomplished daughters, and was conducted on principles somewhat different from those of most seminaries, there being no code of penal laws or rules in force. The plan of government was based upon the Golden Rule,—" Whatsoever .ye would that men should do to you, do ye even so to them,"—and as Mr. Limber and his daughters had the faculty of governing without any visible exercise of authority, the school stood very high, was prosperous, and had many scholars from other States and the West Indies. After a useful career of about thirty-three years 'the- school was closed about 1850, upon the death of Mr. Kimber. A school is now conducted at this place by the Rev. J. R. Dimm.

The Brandywine Boarding-School, established in West Brandywine township, and conducted by George Pierce, was opened in 1816 and closed in 1823. Many of its pupils afterwards became leading men in the county and elsewhere.

The Moscow Academy—Mantua Female Seminary.—Moscow Academy, a classical and literary institution, was established by Rev. Francis Alison Latta, in Sadsbury township, in 1826, and flourished with varying success, under different teachers, until 1840. Mr. Latta was a

306 - HISTORY OF CHESTER COUNTY, PENNSYLVANIA.

superior classical and Hebrew scholar, a poet of no mean order, and an excellent instructor.

Mantua Female Seminary, in some sense a companion school to the Moscow Academy, and located a short distance from it, was opened under the auspices of the Rev. James Latta in 1830. It enjoyed for several years a very successful career.

The Unionville Academy.--This school was founded, in-1834, by the liberality of the citizens of the neighborhood, who gave the land and erected the buildings. It has long been one of the most successful and noted of the many private schools of the county. Its principals have been Milton White, Gaylord L. More, Cheyney Hannum, James Fling, Jonathan Gause, Milton Duman, Henry, S. Kent, Jacob W. Harvey, and A. A. Meader.

Jordan Bank Academy, a school for young men, in East Nottingham township, was conducted by Evan Pugh from 1847 to 1853. In the latter year he went to Europe, was graduated at the University of Heidelberg, honored with the degree of " Doctor of Physical Science," and returned home in 1859, assuming at once the presidency of the Agricultural College of Pennsylvania.

OTHER SELECT SCHOOLS AND ACADEMIES.

Howard Academy, at Rockville, in Honeybrook township, was opened in 1848, and was in successful operation, under the principalship of Professor James McClune, LL.D., recently a professor in the High School at Philadelphia, Rev. S. Ogden and A. Kirkland, and others, until 1862. Many who became successful as teachers, and many who entered the learned professions, received their preparatory training at this school.

Prospect Hill Boarding-School, in East Bradford, by Benjamin Price, continued about five years, ending, perhaps, in 1847.

Price's Boarding-School for Girls, in West Chester, was established by Philip and Rachel Price in 1830 and. conducted under the superintendency of their daughter, Mrs. Hannah P. Davis, from that date until 1852, when it was purchased by Miss P. C. Evans and sisters. This institution was a signal success, and during this period about twelve hundred girls were educated there. Hannah P. Davis was recognized by the entire community as one of the loveliest examples of a true Quaker lady and Christian woman that ever adorned and blessed the ancient county of Chester.

Miss P. C. Evans and sisters established the West Chester Female Seminary in 1848, and in 1852 it became the successor of the school of Hannah P. Davis, and was conducted in the same building until 1872, when it was removed to other buildings, and is still in operation.

In 1872, Robert M. McClellan purchased the large buildings of P. C. Evans and sisters (formerly Price's school), and there established McClellan's Institute for Boys, which is now vacated.

In 1839, Mary B. Thomas and sisters established in Downingtown a boarding-school for girls, which has been in constant operation ever since.

From 1860 to his death, in 1865, Carl Heins had in Downingtown a boarding-school for boys.

In 1871, F. Donleavy Long opened in Downingtown the Chester Valley Academy for Boys, which he still successfully conducts.

In 1872-73 the Downingtown Academy for Boys was conducted by Alexander Moore.

Moses Coates had a school for boarders, in Coatesville, from 1834 to 1838. A select school was conducted from 1841 for some years under the auspices of Francis Parke and Benjamin I. Miller.

The Coatesville Academy was in operation from 1853 until 1868, under the care of different principals.

Ercildoun Seminary was founded by Smedley Darlington -in 1851, and was conducted as a boys' school for three years, and since then as a school for young ladies. Smedley Darlington was succeeded in 1861 by his brother, Richard Darlington, Jr., who has had charge ever since. The large school buildings were nearly demolished by a tornado in July, 1877. The school was then removed to West Chester, and is now known as the Darlington Seminary,— a most excellent and flourishing institution, and well worthy of the extensive patronage it enjoys.

The Eaton Institute for Girls, in Kennet Square, was started by Samuel Martin in 1843, and is now under the charge of Evan T. Swayne. It has always been a flourishing and successful seminary, and hundreds of the quiet and staid matrons of Chester County have been educated there.

Chatham Academy, by Moses Coates, was opened in the autumn of 1842, and continued at least two years.

Joseph B. Phillips had a noted school at Kennet Square for many years, and had among his pupils Bayard Taylor, Dr. Howard Pugh, Dr. Elisha Gatchell, and Dr. John B. Phillips.

Kennet Square Academy and Seminary for Boys and Girls was for some years under the charge of S. C. Shortlidge. It was later conducted by Rev. A. S. Vaughan, under the name of Hofwyl Academy.

Dr. Franklin Taylor opened Kennet Academy, a new institution, in 1875, which was conducted by him for some years. He was long a successful educator in the county, and is now a professor in the Philadelphia High School.

In 1852, Dr. Franklin Taylor, Dr. Elwood Harvey, and Professor Fordyce A. Allen opened a normal school in West Chester, of which Professor Allen soon thereafter became the sole proprietor. In 1860 he opened a female institute in connection therewith. These schools were continued until 1864.

"The Young Ladies' Select School," in West Chester, was opened in 1860, under the charge of' the Misses Lamborn and Miss Worrall, and continued until 1867, when Dr. Franklin Taylor took charge of it, and continued it under the name of " Young Ladies' Academy" until 1870, with an average attendance of seventy-five pupils.

The Oxford Female Seminary was established about 1835, under the supervision of Rev. J. M. Dickey and others, and has been in successful operation ever since. It has always had a large number of students from Delaware and Maryland.

Hopewell Academy was under the proprietorship of Thompson Hudson from 1834 to 1841, and under that of Jessy C. Dickey and others to about the year 1861.

SCHOOLS AND ACADEMIES - 307

" Blair Hall" was established by Rev. Alfred Hamilton in 1847, at Fagg's Manor,—the site of the old celebrated school of the Blairs, and named in honor of them,—and was in operation about eight years.

The Parkesburg Academy has been conducted since 1857, under the successive charge of Professor W. W. Woodruff, Rev. Dr. David X. Junkin, J. Morgan Rawlins, Rev. J.

L. Landis, William W. Rupert, and Milton R. Alexander. A female school was also in operation in Parkesburg from 1853 for some years, under the charge of Miss Hannah Cooper, and afterwards of the Misses Kelley and Johnson.

Londongrove Boarding-School for Young Men and Boys was established in 1849 by Benjamin Swayne, and successfully conducted until about 1860.

Rebecca B. Pugh's Boarding- and Day-School for Children was opened in Londongrove in 1848, removed to West Chester in 1854, and conducted to 1874, when it was relinquished on account of the ill health of the principal.

Thomas M. Harvey's School for Young Men, in Penn. township, was in operation from 1840 to 1855, and sent into the world many well-educated men, among them Dr. Isaac I. Hayes, the celebrated explorer in the Polar regions.

Harmony Hill Boarding-School for Girls, near Fairville, conducted by Thomas Berry, a valued member of the Society of Friends, flourished for some years prior to 1835.

Fairville Institute, for both sexes, was established by Jesse D. Sharpless in 1854, and was in successful operation until 1868. As many as 90 students were sometimes in attendance.

Jesse E. Phillips conducted, in East Nantmeal township, Fremont Academy from 1847 to 1858. and David Phillips and J. C. Guilden successively, at Pughtown, the Oakdale Academy from 1855 to 1875, both for boys. Ivy Institute for Girls, under the charge of Jesse Hawley and his daughters, was located at Pughtown from 1856 to 1870, and since then at Phoenixville. The Grovemont School, at Phoenixville, was in charge of Rev. J. E. Bradley from 1856 to 1866. The Ridge Road Academy was in operation in 1852 and 1853, and the Springville Academy, for both sexes, from 1868 to 1872. Johnson's School, for both sexes, at Guthrieville, from 1870 to the present time. Academies have been in operation in Waynesburg at different times since the year 1845, where Abel Marple was the first principal. Malvern Boarding-School, for both sexes, under Jane M. Eldridge, has been in operation since 1860. West Grove Boarding-School for Girls, with Thomas Conard and Thomas P. Conard successively as principals, from 1853 to 1869. Ezra Gray had a boarding-school in Upper Oxford from 1861 for some years, and Henry S. Kent in Penn township, near Jennerville, from 1860 to 1863; Toughkenamon Boarding-School, of Hannah

M. Cope, since 1867 ; Edgefleld Institute, in Upper Uwchlan, by Abraham Fetters, since 1867 ; Friends' High School, in West Chester, since 1835. Cheyney Hannum had a school in West Chester from 1832 to 1838 ; Mrs. Sarah Fales, from 1838 to 1842 ; Miss Sarah Edmunds, from 1842 to 1850 ; J. W. Pinkerton, for girls, and Thomas B. Jacobs, -for boys, for many years ; James

M. Hughes, for girls, from 1854 to 1858 ; Mrs. Paulin, a select school for girls.

Edward E. Orvis opened a female seminary in New London, called the New London Female Seminary, May 16, 1853, which was conducted by him some two or three years.

J. Williams Thorne commenced the first session of his boarding-school in Sadsbury township, Chester County, four miles north of Parkesburg, in the summer of 1856. He taught the Latin and French languages, and lectured on English classics, history, and astronomy. With the exception of three years, the school was vacated in summer. It was discontinued in 1866.

Lincoln, University, an institution for the education of young men of color, was incorporated by the Legislature in 1854, under the title of Ashmun Institute. In 1866 the name was changed to Lincoln University, and its sphere of usefulness enlarged. The buildings are situated on a tract of eighty acres in Lower Oxford township, on the line of the Philadelphia arid Baltimore Central Railroad, and near the borough of Oxford, and occupy a commanding position upon one of the highest hills in that undulating district. There are four university buildings and four professors' houses. The institution is completely equipped with a corps of fifteen professors and teachers, who are zealous and earnest in the work. Students are fitted in the preparatory department, and in college pursue the regular course of four years ;.and on graduating receive the degree of Bachelor of Arts. Full instruction is also given in the law, medical, and theological departments, and the regular degrees conferred. The university is doing a noble work in sending out educated colored men fitted to instruct and elevate their race. Rev. I. N. Rendall, D.D., is its president.

Soldiers' Orphans' School.—This school was established at Chester Springs in 1868. The " Springs" was once a noted watering-place, but is not now kept as such, and the ample buildings are in the occupancy of the school.. It has always had a full attendance, and is regarded as one of the best schools of its character in the State. About six hundred soldiers' orphans have enjoyed its benefits.

Thc Chester County Cabinet of Natural Science.—In 1826 a society was organized in West Chester, and incorporated under the above title. Its object was to promote a knowledge of natural history, and specially of the indigenous products of the county. Its members showed commendable zeal, with gratifying results; a fine museum of specimens was gathered, a large three-story ball erected, in which their collections were placed ; winter courses of lectures were delivered, and a taste created for the natural sciences, which led to the formation of private collections, and the preparation and publication of several invaluable works by Drs. Darlington and Hartman, and others.

State Normal School.—In 1869 the valuable properties of the West Chester Academy and of the Chester County Cabinet of Natural Science were sold, and the proceeds made the basis of a fund for the erection of buildings for the State Normal School of the First District, composed of the counties of Chester, Delaware, Montgomery, and Bucks.

This school is located in West Chester. It was opened

308 - HISTORY OF CHESTER COUNTY, PENNSYLVANIA.

in 1871, and, under the charge of Professor George L. Maris and a corps of efficient teachers, is doing a noble work.

The building is a massive structure, constructed of the beautiful serpentine stone so abundant in this region. The grounds contain ten acres, well laid out and ornamented. The school has as many students as can be accommodated. The valuable collections and library of the Cabinet of Natural Science have been placed in the building, in rooms set apart for that purpose.

The number of schools in the county of a higher grade than the common schools is at the present time about thirty.

Common Schools.—Some of the first schools were kept in the session-houses of the churches. At a later period houses were built for the purpose more conveniently situated and somewhat better furnished. No females were employed, and down to about forty years ago it was considered rather a disgrace than otherwise for females to teach, and the cognomen of schoolmistress was more avoided than sought by young ladies. Then the teacher was paid by the parents and guardians of those attending the school, and schools were conducted upon the subscription plan. The few appended receipts are given as an illustration of this early custom :

“18th Day of Xbr 1735

"Reced of Richard Buffington Junior 18s p Hatt, 4s 6d by Stockings, 17s 6d In money—In all forty Shillings; Being in full for a yeare Scholeing. I say Reced p

"me JON. MORSE."

" These May Certifie Whome it may Consern the Barrer John Young in the year one Thousand seven Hundred and forty-seven Subscribed With severall others of the Inhabitants of rhe Township of West Bradford and East Caln, Thirty Shillings Towards Hiring a School Master Named David Robinson.

"ROGER HUNT,

" ROBERT WILSON."

"Recd of John Young one pouud Ten Shillings being his subseription for one years schooling ending the first Day of September last past.

"by me this 16rh of November, 1748.

"JOSEPH WRAY."

The earliest schools in Chester County, as before stated, were those of the Friends. The following instances are cited : an acre of ground in Willistown was purchased by several Friends for school purposes, 4, 12, 1753.

At Quarterly Mtg. 5, 13, 1754: " According to the advice of a minute of the Last Yearly Meeting concerning the settling schools in the Country it is agreed for the encouragement thereof that the several and respective Clarks of the Monthly Meetings belonging to this Quarterly Meeting do inquire into and bring a true and perfect account of all Legacies donation or other Estate which have been heretofore given to their respective meetings and of the uses to which the moneys arising therefrom are apply'd and bring the account. thereof to our next meeting."

The Bradford, New Garden, and Kennet Monthly Meetings jointly set up a school prior to 1781. Likewise Goshen, Bradford, and Birmingham meetings jointly purchased four acres of ground in East Bradford, one-half mile west of "West Chester, where the old roofless walls still stand to mark the spot whereon the then "new school-house" was erected in 1779.

Another old school-house was one which stood on the northwest corner of the property belonging to the Brandywine Manor Presbyterian Church. It was about 28 by 18 feet, and had two doors in the front, which was towards the south. It was divided by a swinging partition. One division was used for a classical school, and the other was occupied by the common school. It stood within about three hundred yards of where three townships, constituting the Eighth Election District, then joined, and the elections were held therein from 1798 to 1814. This stone school. house was the first one built of that material in that part of Chester County. All the first school-houses, like the first buildings generally, were constructed of logs, mostly unhewn.

The following table shows the number of children in each township, between the ages of five and twelve years, whose parents were unable to school them, and who were entitled to free education in accordance with the provisions of the act of April 4, 1809, which •required assessors to make a return of all such, the same to be placed on the township transcripts; after revision, the lists were returned to the assessors, whose duty it was to notify the parents of said children to what (the most convenient) schools they should be sent. The table also shows the year when each township commenced to report poor children, and the year it ceased to make said returns, which is the date of their acceptance of the provisions of the free school law.

There is no date to this paper, but it doubtless belonged to the first decade of this century. The library was sold out several years ago.

The Farmers' Library of Londongrove was organized in 1805 arrd chartered Jan. 27, 1812. The articles of association were signed 7, 21, 1810, by Enoch Lewis, Joseph Sharp, Samuel Morris, Evan Morris, Lea Pusey, James Kelton, John Jackson, Joel Jackson, Israel Jackson, Isaiah Jackson, William Jackson, James Monaghan, Thomas Pennock, Hannah Pennock, Mary Ann Pennock, Aaron Martin, Barak Michener, Ezra Michener, Samuel Smith, Thomas Penington, Jesse Good, Isaac Hoopes, Jr., John Hoopes,r Joseph Way, Isaac Pyle, Benjamin Webb, Joseph Michener, James Dixon. Of these only Dr. Ezra Michener survives. The first officers, elected Nov. 11, 1805, appear to have been Joseph Sharp, President John Jackson, Secretary Samuel Morris, Treasurer Thomas Pennock, Evan Morris, Israel Jackson, and James Monaghan (with the foregoing), Trustees. At the same meeting it was

" Resolved, That the books be deposited, and the library kept at the house of John Jackson the ensuing year.

"Resolved, That each and every member shall pay the sum of 25 cents at the end of every three months, or $1.00 per year, to be added to the stock for the support and enlargement of said library."

The first purchase (11, 3, 1805) was fifty volumes, at a cost of eighty-nine dollars and thirty-nine cents. In 1820 the library was removed to Lea Pusey's, but afterwards returned to Jackson's. This library grew to a considerable size (over one thousand volumes), but after three-fourths of a century of usefulness, was sold at auction on the 14th of 6th month, 1880. At the time of its dissolution Rebecca Jackson was librarian.

The Windsor Public Library is of quite recent formation,—in 1866,—established with funds derived from an entertainment given by the pupils of the Windsor public school, and fostered by subsequent donations, etc. The library, which now contains about four hundred volumes, is owned and controlled by the " Windsor Library and Literary Association," which meets monthly.

A library was established at Ercildoun some fifty years ago, and kept at the house of Gideon Peirce.

Among the libraries now in efficient operation are the West Chester Library, Chester County Law and Miscellaneous Library, and libraries at Coatesville, Downingtown, Kennet Square, Oxford, Phoenixville, Spring City, Unionville, and 'Windsor.

Lyceums and kindred societies, for the discussion of questions of public interest, are numerous and well conducted.*

Chester County has taken a prominent part in the University at Lewisburg, Pa. Since that institution was founded eighty-six students have attended from this county, forty-seven males and thirty-nine females. Sixteen young men from the college and fourteen young women from the University Female Institute have been graduated. Three of the young men took the first honors in their classes, and three others the second honors. A number of the Baptist pastors of the county were there educated, and

* In an old pamphlet copy of " Proceedings of the Chester County Education Convention, preparatory to organizing throughout the county Township Lyceums, held at West Chester, Sept. 12, 1835," we learn that the convention not only proposed that a county lyceum be formed, but provided a constitution for and organized the society by the election of the following officers : Dr. Win. Darlington, President; Dr. Ezra Michener, Joshua Hoopes, Wm. Jackson, Vice-Presidents; David Townsend, `Treasurer; Joseph C. Strode, Recording Secretary; John Rutter, Corresponding Secretary ; Dr. Jesse W. Cook, Washington Townsend, Alex. Marshall, Cheyney Hannum, and Henry S. Evans, Curators.

BIBLIOGRAPHY - 311

at the present time four natives of Chester are members of the faculty,-Rev. Francis IN. Tustin, A.M., Ph.D., Vice-President and Professor of Greek ; George G. Groff, M.S., M.D., Professor of Natural Sciences ; Jonathan Jones, A.M., Principal of the University Female Institute; and George M. Phillips, A.M., Professor of Mathematics and Natural Philosophy.

BIBLIOGRAPHY.

Chester County is noted not. only for her educational institutions, but for the number of authors which she has furnished. The intellectual character of the people is shown in the fact that more than four hundred and fifty bound volumes, on a great variety of subjects, written by persons of Chester County birth or residence, have issued from the press. The following is a list of authors and their works, with the period of publication. This chiefly contains the productions which assumed the form of books, and does not embrace a mass of literature issued in the shape of pamphlets. It will be seen that while some of the works have had but an evanescent and local popularity, a very full proportion possess a permanent value, and have taken a place among standard American productions. The list contains works on history, biography, travels, science, mathematics, medicine, law, poetry, and religious and general literature, among them seven grammars, five arithmetics, three geographies, three algebras, a Latin dictionary, and treatises on surveying, trigonometry, mensuration, and geography:

Caleb Pusey.

1. A Serious and Seasonable WARNING unto all People occasioned by two most Dangerous Epistles to a late Book of John Falldoe's subscribed by Richard Baxter, Tho. Manton, Tho. Jacomb, John Yates, A Palmer, & others. By C. P. 4to. London. Printed in the Year 1675. 3 sheets.*

2. A Modest Account from PENNSYLVANIA of THE PRINCIPAL DIFFERENCES in Point of Doctrine, between George Keith, and those of the People called QUAKERS, from whom he Separated ; shewing his great Deolension, and Iuconsistency with himself therein. Recommended to the Serious Consideration of those who are turned aside, and joyned in his SCHISM. London. Printed and sold by T. Sowlo, in White-Hart-Court in Gracious-Street. 8vo. 1696. 4t4 sheets.

3. Satan's Harbinger Encountered, his false News of a Trumpet Detected, his crooked ways in the wildernesse laid open to the view of the Impartial and Judicious Being. Something by way of Answer to DANIEL LEEDS his book, entituled, News of a TRUMPET SOUNDING IN THE WILDERNESSE, &c. Wherein is shewn how in several respects he bath grievously wronged and abused divers eminent, worthy and painfull Labourers in the work of the Gospel, in many plaees by false citations out of their books and in many other places by perverting their sayings and expressions, besides his otherwise basely reflecting upon several antient Friends by name. By
C. P. Printed at Philadelphia, by Reynier Jansen. 4to. 1700. 16 sheets.

4. Daniel Leeds, Justly Rebuked for abusing WILLIAM PENN, and' his FQLY and FALS-HOODS Contained in his two Printed Chalenges to CALEB PUSEY, made Manifest; with some remarks also by way of Rebuke on the Author of the Book called, Nsws of a Strumpet [should be Trumpet]. Printed at Philadelphia, by Reynier Jansen. 4to. 1702. 4 sheets.

5. Proteus Ecclesiasticus, or GEORGE KEITH varied in Fundamentalls : acknowledged by himself to be such, and Prov'd an Apostate, from his own Definition, Arguments and Reasons. Contrary to his often repeated false pretentious, whereby he hath Laboured to deceive the People ; telling them he is not varied from any Fundamental Principle, nor any Principle of the Christian Faith, ever sinee he first came among the Quakers. With remarks on DANIEL LEEDS' abusive Almanack for the year 1703, by way of Postscript. Printed at Philadelphia, by Reynier Janson. 4to. About 1703 or 1704. 13 sheets.

6. George Keith once more brought to the Test, and proved a PREVARICATOR, Containing something of an Answer to pis Book called THE SPIRIT OF RAILING SHIMEI, &c. And shewing that George Keith in his attempring, to prove the Spine of Railing Shimei, &c., to be entered into Caleb Pusey ; bath there by more manifested, that not only the Sprit of Railing, and Easy; but also of Confusion, about Doctrines and Principles of Religion is entered into himself. Printed at Philadelphia, by Reinier Jansen. 4to. shects..

* Addressed to the people called "Anthony Palmer's Church."

7 The Bomb Search'd and found stuff 'd with False Ingredients; being a Just Confutation of an abusive Printcd Half-sheet, ealled a BOMB, originally published against the QUAKERS, by FRANCIS BUGG. But espoused and exposed, and iu Print offered to be proved by JOHN TALBOT. To which is added, First: a large Appendix, treating of the Real Differences that are in divers respects between the Quakers and their Opposers, and the Quakers Doctrines, Practice, and Deportment, in those Points, Justified from Scripture and the antient Protestants. Secondly : divers Testimonies added of those called Fathers of the Church to the Light of Christ, Inspiration; the Spirits Teaching; Silent Waiting, &c. Thirdly divers of D. L.'s abuses to the Quakers ; being herein MOM fully manifested than bath hitherto been published. Printed at Philadelphia, by Replier Jansen. 4 to. 1705. 9½ sheets.

8. Some remarks upon a late pamphlet, signed part by John Talbot, and part by Daniel Leeds, ealled the Great Mystery of Fox-craft. Printed at Philadelphia, by Reynier Jansen, about 1705 or 1706. 5 sheets.

Elizabeth Webb.

1. In 1710, Elizabeth Webb paid a religious visit to England, and became acquainted with William Anthony Boehm, with whom she had religious conversation, which led her to write him a letter, giving an account of her conversion and call to the ministry. This letter, with his answer, has been often printed and extensively circulated. Printed, rPhiladelphia, 1781 ; Warrington, England, 1802; in Friends' Library, etc.

2. She also prepared " Notes on the Book of Revelation," which were completed and ready for publication at her death, which occurred in 1726. Of this, the original and a copy made by Thomas Chalkley are now extant. The work was never printed. [See The Friend, vol. xxix., page 77, etc.]

Elizabeth Webb was the wife of Richard Webb, who settled in Birmingham in 1703, and mother of William Webb, member of Assembly for Chester County, and others.

John Peirce.

Some of the Dying Words and Last Expressions of John Peirce, sou of George and Anne Pierce, of Thornbury, in the County of Chester and Province of Pennsylvania. Printed by Andrew Bradford in 1720. Small 12mo.

Phebe Speakman.

Some Aceount of the Life and Travels of Phebe Speakman. Printed in Comley's Miscellany, vol. vi. page 193, etc.

She was the daughter of John and Ann Schofield; was born in Bucks County, in 1739; married, first, Nathan Yarnall, second, Micajah Speakman, and died in 1828, at the age of ninety years, and was buried at Uwchlan, Chester County.

Rev. David Evans.

Law and Gospel; or, Man Wholly Ruined by the Law and Recovered by the Gospel ; being the substance of several Sermons preached at Tredyffrin, in 1734, from Galatians, iii. 10, and Romans, i. 16, by Rev. David Evans, A.M., V.D.M.

This book was published in 1746. Its author, David Evans, was pastor of the Presbyterian Church in Tredyffrin township known as the " Great Valley Church."

Rev. Samuel Blair.

Rev. Samuel Blair resided in Londonderry township, Chester County, and was the pastor of the Presbyterian Church of Fagg's Manor. In his lifetime-he published three volumes of a religious character. After his death these were gathered together, and, with a collection of his sermons, and a sermon preaehed at his funeral by Rev. Samuel Finley, of Nottingham, were published in one volume by William Bradford, Philadelphia, in 1752. 8 vo, pp. 386. These several works were: I. Sermons by Samuel Blair, preached at Fagg's Manor, pp. 200; II. A work in relation to a controversy in the Synod of Philadelphia., pp. 30; III. A treatise on the doctrine of predestination, pp. 100; IV. A narrative of revivals of religion at Fagg's Manor, then ,called New Londonderry, pp. 28;. V. The last advice of Mr. Blair to his people; VI. Sermon by Rev. Samuel Finley. See biographical sketch of Mr. Blair.

Rev. John Blair.

Rev. John Blair succeeded his brother as pastor of Fagg's Manor Presbyterian Church. He was the author of three works : I. Animadversions, a religious controversial work, published in 1766; II. The Synod of New York and Philadelphia Vindicated; III. A treatise on regeneration, published in 1770.

Elizabeth Ashbridge.

Some Account of the Early Part of the Life of Elizabeth Ashbridge, who departed this life in Truth's service, the 16th of 5th Month, 1755. Written by herself. Editions, 1774, 1806, 1807, 1820, 1840 (in Friends' Library), 1846.

312 - HISTORY OF CHESTER COUNTY, PENNSYLVANIA.

See also The Friend, vol. xxxi. p. 212; records of Goshen Monthly Meeting, etc.

Benjamin Mason.

Light Rising out of Obscurity ; or, a Reply to Francis Herr's Pamphlet, intitled A Short Explication of the Written Word of God ; likewise of the Christian Baptism, and the Peaceable. Kingdom of Christ against the People called Quakers. By Benjamin Mason. Philadelphia, 1790.

Susanna Lightfoot.

Memorial of Susanna Lightfoot. Published in 1844.

She was born in Ireland, 1st month 10, 1720, and died at Uwchlan, Chester Connty, 5th month 8, 1781; was a minister among Friends about forty years.

Hugh Judge.

Memoirs and Journal of Hugh Judge. Published in 1841.

He died at Kennet Square, 12th month 21, 1834, aged about eighty-five years.

John Churchman.

An Account of the Gospel Labours and Christian Experiences of a Faithful Minister of Christ, John Churchman, late of Nottingham, in Penna., dec'd. To which is added a short memorial of the life and death of a fellow-laborer in the Church, our valuable friend, Joseph White, late of Bucks County. Philadelphia, 1779. Pp. 256. Reprinted, London, 1780, 1781 ; Dublin, 1781; Philadelphia, 1818.

Some extracts from his " journal," and letters to different persons, were published in Friends' Library, The Irish Friend, Comly's Miscellany, etc.

John Churchman.

(Grandson of the preceding John Churchman.)

1. Map of the Peninsula between the Bays of Delaware and Chesapeake, including the State of Delaware, and the Eastern Shore of Maryland and Virginia. 1778.

2. The Magnetic Atlas or Variation Chart of the whole Terraqueous Globe; comprising a system of the Variation and dip of the Needle, by which, the Observations bcing truly made, the Longitude may be ascertained. (With three plates): London: printed for the author. Large quarto. 1794.

This chart was first published in 1790, in the United States, in the form of a map of the world, accompanied with a book of explanations, under the title of "A Variation Chart, or. Magnetic Atlas, and a Stereographic Projection of the Spheres, or a Plane of the First Magnetic Meridian." It was inscribed to George Washington, President of the United States. This ehart was about twenty-seven by twenty-five inches, on strong canvas, and mounted on oak rollers, and is now very rarely to be met with. The author subsequently went r to England, where his perfected " Magnetic Atlas" was published, as above mentioned, in 1794. See biographical sketch.

John Bartram.

1. Observations on the Inhabitants, Climate, Soil, Rivers, Productions; Animals, and other Matters worthy of notice, made iu his travels from Pennsylvania to Onondaga, Oswego, and the Lake Ontario, in Canada, by John Bartram. London, 1751. 8vo, pp. 94.

2. Descriptiou of East Florida; with a Journal kept by John Bartram, Botanist to his Majesty for the Floridas, upon a journey from St. Augustine up the River St. John, with explanatory Botanical notes. Illustrated with an accurate map of East Florida, and plans of St. Augustine and of the bay of Espiritu Santo. London, 1766. 8vo, pp. 160. Third edition, much enlarged, published in London, 1769. Quarto.

John Bartram also eontributed several valuable papers to the American Philosophical Society, which were published in their " Transactions" in the years 1740, 1744, 1750, 1762, and 1763. He was born March 23, 1699, and died Sept. 22, 1777.

William Bartram.

Travels through North and South Carolina, Georgia, East and West Florida, and the country of the Cherokees and Choctaws; containing an account of the soil and productions of these regions, together with observations on the Manners of the Iudians. With plates. 8vo, pp. 522. Philadelphia, 1791; the same, London, 1792, and again in 1794. This work was also translated into French, and published in Paris, in two volumes, in 1801.

He also published "'An Account of John Bartram," "On the Site of Bristol," and other papers, and also prepared the most complete table of American ornithology before the appearance of the work of Alexander Wilson.

William Bartram was the son of John Bartram ; was born Feb. 9, 1739, and died July 22; 1823.

John Millis.

The Citizen and Countryman's Experienced Farrier. By J. Markham, George Jefferies, amid Discreet Indians. Wilmington. Re-Printed and sold by James Adams, at his Printing-Office, 1764. 8vo, pp. 364.

The basis of this volume was an English book by J. Markham. John Millis., a farrier, residing in Chester County, with a view of compiling a work on the subject which should be nseful in this country, gathered a large number of proved receipts from George Jefferies, of Bradford township, a noted farrier, and others, and included the whole, with his own experience, in this publication. The following certifieate, signed by well-known names of that day, is printed in the volume : "We whose names are hereunto annexed have. by an appointed meeting, at the house of John Baldwin, in Kennet township, Chester County, revised and examined the copy and manuscripts of the 'Citizen and Countryman's Experienced Farrier,' now intended for the press, by John Millis, and are of opinion that ,it will be of great service to the publick in general. Third month 22d, 1763." This certificate is signed by William Pennock, Humphry Marshall, Samuel Sellers, and George Gilpin. The volume appears to be a full and complete treatise on the diseases of horses and cattle, and their treatment as then understood and practiced.

Humphry Marshall.

1. Arbustum Americanum. The American Grove, or an Alphabetical Catalogue of Forest Trees aud Shrubs, natives of the American United States, arranged according to the Unman system, containing the particular distinguishing characters of each Genus, with plain, simple, and familiar descriptions of the manner of growth, appearance, etc., of their several species and varieties. Also, some hints of their uses in medicine, dyes, and domestic economy. Compiled from actual knowledge and observation, and the assistance of botanical authors. By Humphry Marshall. Philadelphia: printed by Joseph Cruikshank, in Market Street, between Second and Third Streets, 1785. 8vo, pp. 174.

2. Observations on Botany as applicable to Rural Economics, tending to show the utility of Botanical Knowledge in relation to Agriculture, and the fecding of Cattle, etc. Prepared for the Philadelphia Society for Promoting Agriculture, by Humphry Marshall, 1786.

See biographical sketch of Humphry Marshall for further notice of these works.

Rev. David Jones.

1. Peter Edwards' Candid Reasons Examined and Answered. By David Jones, A.M., Pastor of the Baptist Church at the Great Vallcy, Chester County. Philadelphia: printed for the author by Dennis Heartt, 1811.

2. Review of John Campbell's Sermon, preached at Stonemouth Meeting-House, Oct. 28, 1810, containing his opinion on the subject and mode of Baptism, etc., in a letter submitted for that gentleman's consideration. By David Jones, Pastor of the Baptist Church at the Great Valley, Chester County. Philadelphia: printed for the author by Dennis Heartt, 1811.

These two works were subsequently published in one volume, 8vo, pp. 201.

James Ross, A.M., LL.D.

1. Latin Grammar. 8vo, pp. 184.

The first edition was published in Chambersbnrg in 1798; the second in Laneaster in 1802; and subsequent editions in Philadelphia. It had reached the fifth edition in 1818, and the ninth in 1829. It was subsequently revised and enlarged by Prof. N. C. Brooks.

2. Greek Grammar. First edition, 1813'; seeond edition, 1817.

This work was wholly in Greek and Latin, not a word of English being used in the book.

3. Erasmi Colloquia Seleetee: The Select Colloquies of Erasmus, with an English Translation. 1818. 12mo, pp. 172.

4. Corderii Colloquiorum Centuria Selecta; or, A Select Ceutury of the Colloquies pi Corderius, with an English Translation. First edition, 1810; fifth edition, 1818. 12mo, pp. 156.

5. Selecta e Profanis Scriptoribus Historiae. 1819. Mmo, pp. 300.

6. Esop's Fables—Latin and English.

7. Ciceronis Epistolae.

Mr. Ross also wrote and published a number of Latin poems, and translated the Presbyterian Shorter Catechism into Latin. See biographical sketch.

John Comly

English Grammar made Easy to the Teacher and Pupil. Originally compiled for the use of Westtown Boarding-School, Chester County, Pa. 18mo, pp. 216.

John Comly was, from 1800 to 1802, a teacher in the Westtown Friends' Boarding-School, and while there prepared his "English Granimar," the first edition of which was published in 1803. It has passed through numerous editions, and has been extensively used in schools and academies. His other well-known books were written after he left the Westtown school.

Thomas Ruston, M.D.

1. An Essay on Inoculation for the Small-pox, wherein the nature of the Disease is explained, and the various Methods of preparation that have been Prac-

BIBLIOGRAPHY - 313

ticed in America are critically examined. First edition, London, 1767; second edition, greatly enlarged, 1768. 8vo, pp. 174.

2. A Collection of Facts interspersed with observations on the Nature, Cause, and Cure of the Yellow Fever, in a series of Letters addressed to the inhabitants of the United States. Philadelphia, 1804. 8vo, pp. 65.

The author of these volumes was a celebrated physician in his day. He was born at. Fagg's Manor, Chester County, and was a son of Job Ruston, long a prominent citizen of the county, and a member of the Fagg's Manor Presbyterian Church.

Hugh Williamson, M.D., LL.D.

1. Discourse on the Benefits of Civil History, before the New York Historical Society. New York, 1810.

2. Observations on the Climate in different parts of America, eompared with the climate in corresponding parts of the other Continent. To which is added remarks on the different Complexions of the Human Race ; with some account of the Aborigines of America. With diagrams. New York, 1811. 8vo, pp. 207.

3. History of North Carolina, by Hugh Williamson, M.D., LL.D., Member of the Holland Soeiety of Science, of the Society of Arts and Sciences of Utrecht, of the American Philosophical Soeiety, etc. Philadelphia: published by Thomas Dobson, at the Stone House, No. 41 South Second Street, 1812. 8vo. 2 vols. With snaps. Pp. 290, 288.

4. An Essay on Comets. Printed in the first volume of the "Transactions of the Literary and Philosophical Society of New York."

He was also the author of several valuable papers on medical, philosophical, scientific, and literary subjects, published in the American Medical and Philosophical Register, the Medical Repository, and other journals. He was ,a native of West Nottingham township, Chester Co., Pa. See biographical sketch.

Thomas Carrington.

A Christian Exhortation to the People, dated the 9th of 3d month, 1778. Reprinted three times, 12mo, 8vo, and 16mo : the last in 1803.

The author was a member of Londongrove Friends' Meeting.

Samuel Emlen, M.D.

A valuable paper on yellow fever, the fruit of his observations-made as a member and secretary of the Board of Health when the yellow fever prevailed along the water-margin of Philadelphia in 1819. See biographical sketch.

John Gummere.

A Treatise on Surveying, containing the Theory and Practice ; to which is prefixed a Perspicuous System of Plane Trigonometry. The whole clearly demonstrated and illustrated by a large number of appropriate examples. Partieularly adapted to the use of Schools. By John Gummere. First edition. Published by Kimber & Richardson, Philadelphia, 1814. 8vo. pp. 358.

This well-known treatise on surveying was prepared by the author, John Gummere, and the first edition was published while he was a teacher in the Westtown Boarding-School, in Chester County. It has passed through many editions, and is still extensively used in schools.

A new edition, revised and improved by Isaac Sharpless, has recently been published.

Francis Glass, A.M.

Georgii Washingtonii, America; Septentrionalis Civitatum Faederatarum Praesidis primi, Vita, Franeisco Glass, A.M., Melds Latinis conscripta.

This work was a life of Washington in Latin prose, by Francis Glass. Mr. Glass was one of the first teachers in the West Chester Academy, and the above work was prepared while he was a teacher there, about the year 1814. He subsequently removed to Ohio and died there. A revised edition of the work was published by Harper & Brothers in 1835. It generally met the approval of scholars, and has been used as a text-book by teachers. Mr. Glass was a man of erudition, and a thorough classical scholar. He devoted his life to teaching.

Joseph Sharpless.

Family Record; containing the Settlement and. Genealogy to the present time, of the Sharpies Family in North America. With an Appendix containing Memorials of the Dying Sayings, etc., of several deceased Members of the Family, not before published. By Joseph Sharpless. Philadelphia: published and sold by the author, No. 30 Arch Street; sold also by Kimber Sharpless, No. 93 Market Street, 1816. 12mo, pp. 132.

This is an early work on family genealogy, it having had but few predecessors in this county, and, considering the time of its compilation, it is a very creditable performance. It is hoped some one or more of the now extensive family of Sharples, or Sharpless (the name being now spelled both ways, although the first is the original mode),

- 40 -

will undertake the task of bringing the genealogy down to the present time.

William Baldwin, M.D.

Notiees of East Florida and the Sea Coast of the State of Georgia, in a series of letters to a friend in Pennsylvania. By William Baldwin, M.D. With an Appendix containing a Register of the Weather, and a Calendarium Flora, kept at St. Marys.

This was the title of a volume in the course of preparation by Dr. Baldwin, but the completion of which was prevented by his death in 1819. Some portions of it have been preserved in the " Reliquiae Baldwinianae" of Dr. William Darlington. Dr. Darlington was the " friend in Pennsylvania" to whom the letters were addressed. Dr. Baldwin was an eminent scientist, and published some valuable papers in Silliman's Journal and in the " Transactions of the American Philosophical Society." He was a native of Newlin township. See biographical sketch.

John Creswell.

Essays and Letters on the World, or the Modern Observator on Various Subjects. By a Citizen of Chester County. Printed for the author, 1820. 12mo, pp. 153.

This is a collection of papers on various subjects, written in the form of letters, under the assumed signatures of John Rolday, Willy Markly, Conway Carden, J. Ingham, and B. Onghill. The author, John Creswell, was an eccentric bachelor, and resided in Londonderry township, about one-half mile north of Fagg's Manor Presbyterian church, on the road leading to Cochranville. His parents were Charles and Isabella (Walker) Creswell. He died in 1843, at the age of about sixty-five years.

Anonymous Songs.

Songs and other Jollification Ditties, collected chiefly from the columns of the American Republican. West Chester: printed at the office of the Republican, 1824. Pp. 31.

This was a collection of songs appropriate to the times, written by citizens of Chester County, and printed from time to time in the American Republican and other prints, and collected and published in a volume in 1824.

Hezekiah Niles.

1. Principles and Acts of the Revolution in America. Dedicated to the " young men of the United States." By Hezekiah Niles.

This work was first published in Baltimore in 1822, and republished in New York by A. S. Barnes & Co. in 1876. Royal 8vo, pp. 500. It contains speeches, orations, and proceedings, with sketches and remarks on men and things belonging to the Revolutionary period of the United States, and is a very interesting and valuable contribution to the political history of the country.

2. Niles' Weekly Register.

This was a weekly octavo journal, each number containing sixteen pages, founded by Hezekiah Niles in 1811, and edited and published by him in Baltimore until 1836. It was continued by his son, William Ogden Niles, and others, until 1849. Fifty volumes were edited by Hezekiah Niles, and twenty-six by his son. The volumes of this journal contain an inexhaustible supply of valuable material for our national history, consisting of political, historical, geographical, statistical, and biographical documents, essays, and facts, together with notices of the arts and manufactures, and a record of the events of the times, and it has always been held in high estimation.

Hezekiah Niles was born in East Bradford township, Chester County, on the farm now owned by John James, near Jefferis' Ford, on Oct. 10, 1777, and died in Wilmington, Del., April 2, 1839.

Samuel Jackson, M.D.

Dr. Samuel Jackson was a son of Isaac Jackson, of New Garden township, Chester County, where he was born, Aug. 3, 1788. After graduating as M.D. at the University of Pennsylvania, he settled at Northumberland, where he resided until beyond middle life, in the enjoyment of a large medical practice. He then removed to Philadelphia, and engaged in the practice of his profession there, and was designated as Dr. Jackson, "formerly of Northumberland," probably to distinguish him from Prof. Samuel Jackson, of the Medical Department of the University of Pennsylvania, as they bore the same name, were nearly the same age, and both eminent in their profession. He wrote a work entitled "Nature Improved, or a New Method of Teaching Languages, Exemplified by its Application to Latin, Greek, and French," which was published in Philadelphia, by Robert H. Small, in 1827. 12mo, pp. 166. He was also the author of numerous valu-

314 - HISTORY OF CHESTER COUNTY, PENNSYLVANIA.

able medical and literary papers and addresses, which were published from time to time, among them extended memoirs of Dr. Benjamin Rush and Dr. Isaac Parrish. Dr. Jackson was an 'elegant scholar, a forcible writer, and profoundly learned in his profession. He died Dec. 17, 1869. One of his sons-Francis Aristides Jackson-has been for many years Professor of Latin in the University of Pennsylvania.

John Jones.

The Power of Deception Unveiled, and The Man of Sin Revealed ; in An Analysis of the Book of Revelations, to which is prefixed An Essay on the System of Man. By John Jones. .Philadelphia: published by R. H. Small, 1829. Quarto, pp. 350.

The author of this work was a native of Chester County. It was his wish that it should be published soon after his death, which occurred in 1800, but it did not appear until 1829, when it was published through the instrumentality of his friend, Joseph Churchman, of Frankford, Pa. It contains a biographical sketch of the author, by Joseph Churchman; an introductory address by the author; an essay on the system of man, being a theological dissertation, composed of several sections ; and the Analysis of the Revelations, in twelve parts. The last is a lengthy discourse, explanatory of the allegorical or figurative parts of the Book of Revelation, and in it is manifested the great originality and reasoning powers of the author. He was noted as a powerful, as well as eloquent, preacher among Friends.

Thomas L. Smith, M.D.

Chronicles of Turkey town ; or, the Works of Jeremy Peters. Containing the history of a Dreadful Catastrophe, the Amours of Dr. Post and Mrs. Peweetle, and the History of a Tatterdemalion. By Thomas L. Smith, M.D. Philadelphia: R. H. Small, 165 Chestnut Street, 1829. 12mo, pp. 238.

Dr. Smith, when this book was written, resided in Easttown townr ship, Chester County, and was engaged in the, practice of medicine. Ile subsequently removed to New Albany, Ind., and became a member of the bar, and, eventually, one of the judges of the Supreme Conrt of Indiana.. He was also for some years one of the editors and proprietors of the Louisville. Democrat, and had many a tilt with the witty George D. Prentice, who then edited the Louisville Journal.

Titus Bennett.

A New System of Practieal Arithmetic, particularly calculated for the use of Schools in the United States; containing a large proportion of examples in Federal Money, in each rule throughout the work. Compiled by Titus Bennett. To which is annexed a Course of Book-Keeping by Single Entry. Philadelphia.

Eight large editions of this arithmetic were published prior to the year 1824. In that year it was revised, and a new edition, called the "Revised Impression," was issued by Bennett & Walton, publishers, in Philadelphia. The sixteenth edition of this revised impression was issued in 1829. The book was very popular, and was for many years extensively used in the schools. " Dilworth's Assistant," as it was called, was also in use at the same time. In Chester County these were generally superseded by Pike's, Rose's, and other arithmetics, over forty years ago. The older persons now living will remember having in their school-days "ciphered" in Bennett and Dilworth. Titus Bennett was a native of Birmingham township, Chester County.

Cheyney Hannum and John Rutter.

Chester County Almanac for the year 1833; containing the usual Astronomical Calculations, and a variety of entertaining Statistical Matter. Calculated by Hannum and Rutter. Printed by Denny & Whitehead, West Chester, Pa. 12mo, pp. 32.

Probably few of the people of Chester County know that an almanac was at one tune published within her borders wholly the work of her citizens. This almanac for 1833 was calculated by Cheyney Hannum and John Rutter, then engaged in teaching, and printed by John T. Denny and William Whitehead, at that time editors and proprietors of the National Republican Advocate, a weekly newspaper, published at West Chester. In addition to the usual astronomical tables, it contains forms and directions for transacting business at the Bank of Chester County, directors and officers of the bank, chronological list of officers of the United States government since the Revolution, Dr. Hershell's weather table, times of holding court, etc. It presented a very creditable appearance, and was fully equal to the other almanacs of that day.

Alexander Maitland.

The Political Instructor and Guide to Knowledge; being a Compendium of Political Information. Designed for the use of Schools. By Alexander Maitland, Esq., of the County of Chester. Philadelphia: printed by William Brown for the author, 1833. 12mo, pp. 355.

The compiler of this volume was a resident. of Brandywine township. It contains a large amount of information of a political character, suitable, at the time of its publication, for the instruction of the people. The writer of this can attest its value from having studied it while a yonth, and finding it what it purported to 'be, " a political instructor and guide to knowledge." It contains also a collection of forms frequently needed by the people in the transaction of their business. The work was published by subscription. A list of the subscribers' names, numbering about one thousand, was appended to the volume; of these, about three-fourths were of Chester County.

Joshua Jones.

English Grammar, in two parts. The First, A brief analysis of the English Language. The Second, A practical system of Etymology and Syntax, with exercises in Parsing and Corrections. By Joshua Jones, Great Valley, West Chester, Pa. Printed by Simeon Siegfried, 1833. 12mo, pp. 366.

Jesse Conard.

1. Stephen Moreland. A Novel. In two volumes. By Jesse Conard. Philadelphia : Key & Biddle, 23 Minor Street, 1834. 12mo, pp. 247, '263.

2. The Secrets of Mount Echo. An American Romance, By Jesse Conard. Cincinnati : Robinson & Jones, 1848. 8vo, pp. 122.

The author of these volumes was a member of the Chester County bar, and the scenes of the novels are laid in Chester County.

Enoch Lewis.

1. A Revised Edition of Simpson's Trigonometry. Published 1810.
2. A Revised Edition of Bonnycastle's Algebra. 1811.
3. A Treatise on Arithmetic. First published in 1819. 12mo.
4. The Practical Analyst ; or, A Treatise on Algebra, containing the most useful parts of that Science. Illustrated by a copious collection of examples. Designed for the use of Schools. Philadelphia: Kimber & Sharpless, 1826. 12mo, pp. 166.

5. A Familiar Introduction to English Grammar, on the Inductive System. 1836. 12mo.
6. A Treatise on Plane and Spherical Trigonometry ; ineluding the eonstruction of the Auxiliary Tables, a Concise Tract on the Conic Sections, and the Principles of Spherical Projection. 1844. 8vo, pp. 228.

The foregoing works passed through several editions, and were extensively used in schools. The author was a thorough mathematician and grammarian.

7. A View of the Militia System of Pennsylvania. 1822.
8. A View of the Present State of the African Slave Trade. 1824.. Pp. 120.
9. Vindication of the Society of Friends, being a reply to a review in the fifth volume of the " Biblican Repertory" of Dr. Samuel H. Cox's work, entitled " Quakerism not Christianity." 1834. 8vo, pp. 73.

10. A work on Domestic Slavery. 1837. Pp. 120.
11. The African Observer. A Monthly Journal, containing Essays and Documents illustrative of the General Character and Moral and Political Effects of Negro Slavery. Edited by Enoch Lewis.
One volume. 1828. 8vo, pp. 384.

12. A Dissertation on Oaths. 1838. 12mo, pp. 100.
13. Observations on Legal and Judicial Oaths. 1846.
14. Essay on Baptism, showing that the Baptism of the Spirit, and not with water, is the True Christian Baptism. 1839. 12mo, pp. 63.
15. Life of William Penn, in a series of Essays published in The Friend, 1844 and 1845.
16. Friends' Review. A Religious, Literary, and Miscellaneous Journal. Edited by Enoch Lewis, in nine volumes, 1847 to 1856. Royal octavo, each volume pp. 832.
See biographical sketch of Enoch Lewis.

Joseph J. Lewis.

Letters on the History of Chester County,-twenty-seven numbers,-published
in the Village Record, West Chester, Pa., from January to August, 1824.

Anthony Bolmar.

1. A Collection of One Hundred Fables, with two Keys, one for the literal and free translation, and the other for the pronunciation of the French text. Philadelphia. 12mo.

2. Les Adventures de Telemaque, par Fénélon, with a key for the literal and free translation of the first eight books ; intended as a sequel to the Fables. Philadelphia. 12mo.

3. A Collection of Colloquial Phrases, on Topic necessary to maintain Conversation ; arranged under different heads ; with remarks on the Peculiar Pronunciation and use of various words. The whole so disposed as considerably to facilitate the acquisition of a correct pronunciation of the French. Philadelphia, 1830. 16mo. A new edition, revised and corrected, 1850. 16mo, pp. 208. Published by Lee & Blanchard.

4. A Complete Treatise on the Genders of French Nouns. 12mo, pp. 14.
5. A Book of the Freneh Verbs, both regular and irregular; with numerous notes and directions. Original edition, 1831; new edition, 1850. 12mo, pp. 173. Lee & Blanchard, Philadelphia.

BIBLIOGRAPHY - 315

6. A Theoretical and Praetical Grammar of the French Language. By M. de Levizac. With numerous corrections, improvements, and additions, by A. Bolmar, Principal of the West Chester Academy, and author of several works to faeilitate the acquirement of the French Language. First edition, 1834; fifth edition, corrected by the author, 1838. Philadelphia : E. L. Carey & A. Hart. 12mo, pp. 467.

7. Key to the Exercises of the preeeding Grammar.
8. The Institutes of Morality, for the instruction of Youth, with numerous Soriptural references, by Questions and Answers. Translated by Eli K. Price and A. Bolmar.

Anthony Bolmar, the author and translator of the foregoing works, was for many years principal of the old West Chester Academy, and subsequently of " Bolmar's School for Boys," in West Chester. He educated many thousand boys, and his pupils were from almost every section of the country, and from the West Indies and South America. See biographical sketch.

Charles Miner.

1. Essays from the desk of Poor Robert the Scribe, eontaining Lessons in Manners, Morals, and Domestic Economy. Originally published in the Gleaner. Doylestown : printed by Asher Miner, July, 1815. 12mo, pp. 120.

The author of these essays was Charles Miner, for many years editor, and one of the proprietors, of the Village Record, of West Chester, and at one time a member of Congress from Chester County. One of the essays in this volume, entitled " Who'll turn Grindstone?" contains the original of the expression, " He has an axe to grind," an expression which is world-wide, but of the origin of which very few have any knowledge. The essay represents a boy persuaded by flattering words to turn grindstone for a man who wished to grind an axe, and who, when it was done, was sent off without praise or reward, with a reprimand for playing truant. The writer of the essay moralizes upon incidents in real life, and closes each thought with the expression, " Thinks I to myself, he has an axe to grind."

2. History of Wyoming, in a Series of Letters, from Charles Miner, to his son William Penn Miner, Esq., with an Appendix, containing The Hazleton Travellers ; or, numerous Personal and Family Sketches of the ancient Sufferers, together with various incidental and illustrative matter, by Charles Miner, including a description of the Monument, and a Ballad on the terrible Massacre of 1778, written immediately after the event Philadelphia, 1845. 8vo, pp. 504, with maps and other illustrations.

This is the standard history of the far-famed Wyoming Valley, and leaves but little to be gleaned by the future historian in that field.

William Darlington, M.D.

1. Florula Cestrica: An Essay towards a Catalogue of the Phaenogamous Plants, native and naturalized, growing in the vicinity of the Borough of West Chester, in Chester Co., Pa.: with brief notices of their properties, and uses, in medicine, rural economy, and the arts. To which is subjoined an Appendix of the Useful Cultivated Plants of the same distriet. By William Darlington, M.D. West Chester, Pa : printed for the author, by Simeon Siegfried, 1826. Large octavo, pp. 152, illustrated.

2. Flora Cestrica: An attemptr to enumerate and describe the flowering and filicoid Plants of Chester County, in the State of Pennsylvania. By William Darlington, M.D., President of the Chester County Cabinet of Natural Science, Member of the American Philosophical Soeiety, Correspondent of the Aeademy of Natural Scienoes, at Philadelphia, and of the Lyceum of Natural History, at New York, etc. West Chester, Pa.: printed for the author, by Simeon Siegfried, 1837. 12mo, pp..640, with a map of Chester County.

This was a new or second edition of the " Florula Cestrica," much enlarged and greatly improved, and extending over the county. The arrangement is on what is known as the Linnan system.

3. Flora Cestrica: An Herborizing Companion for the Young Botanists of Chester County, State of Pennsylvania. By William Darlington, M.D., LL.D.

"Ore trahit quodcunque potest, atque addit acervo."-HORATIUS..

"From giant Oaks, that wave their branches dark,

To the dwarf Moss that clings upon their bark."-DARWIN. Third edition. Philadelphia: Lindsay & Blakiston, 1853. 12mo, pp. 498, with a map of Chester County.

This edition is revised and reconstructed throughout, according to the natural method, which seems to be the system most generally adopted by scientific botanists of the present day. The author has added five valuable and instructive discourses on the subject of botany. The first edition is dedicated to the Rev. Lewis D. V. Schweinitz, of Bethlchem, Pa., and the second and third editions to the "cultivators of botanical science in the county of Chester."

4. Reliquiae Baldwinianae : Selections from the correspondence of the late William Baldwin, M.D., Surgeon in the U. S. Navy, with occasional notes, and a short biographical memoir. Compiled by William Darlington, M.D. Philadelphia: kimber & Sharpless, 1843. 12mo, pp. 347, with portrait of Dr. Baldwin.

Dr. Baldwin was a devoted student of botany, and possessed an extensive knowledge of the science. He maintained a correspondence with the eminent and accomplished botanists, Dr. Henry Muhlenberg, of Lancaster, and Dr. William Darlington, of West Chester, and with other scientists, large selections from which are here given. The volume is enriched with a memoir of Dr. Baldwin and valuable annotations. See biographical sketch of Dr. Baldwin.

5. Essay on the Development and Modifications of the External Organs of Plants. By William Darlington, M.D. West Chester, Pa., 1839. 8vo, PP. 38.

6. Agricultural Botany. Au Enumeration and Description of Useful Plants and Weeds which merit the notice or require the attention of American Agriculturists. By William Darlington, M.D. Philadelphia : J. W. Moore, 1847. 8vo, pp 270. The work is dedicated " to the young farmers of the United States."

7. American Weeds and Useful Plants, being a second and illustrated edition of Agricultural Botany. By William Darlington, M.D. Revised, with additions, by George Thurber, Professor of Botany, etc., in the New York College of Pharmacy. New York : Orange Judd & Co., 1859. 8vo, pp. 460.

This volume, as stated on the title-page, is a new edition of the " Agricultural Botany," much enlarged and profusely illustrated.

8. Memorials of John Bartram and Humphry Marshall, with notices of their botanical contemporaries. By William Darlington, M.D., LL.D., etc. With illustrations. Philadelphia: Lindsay & Blakiston, 1849. Royal octavo, pp. 585.

This volume contains biographical sketches of John Bartram and Humphry Marshall, with such of their correspondence as could be obtained at the date of the publication.

9. Sesqui-Centennial gathering of the Clan Darlington, containing the proceedings of a meeting of the Darlington family at the old ancestral mansion near West. Chester, and a genealogical account of the descendants of Abraham Darlington, the emigrant ancestor. 1853.

10. Notre Cestrienses: Notices of Chester County Men and Events.

This was a series of biographical and historical papers, published in the Village Record, at West Chester, Pa., in the years 1860-62, running through about one hundred numbers. They were the joint production of Dr. Darlington and J. Smith Futhey, about two-thirds of the numbers being written by the former, and one-third by the latter.

In addition to the foregoing works, Dr. Darlington wrote a "Historical Sketch of the Origin and Progress of the Borough of West Chester, Pa.," and an account of the famous "Mason and Dixon's Line," for the " West Chester Directory," which was published by Wood & James in 1857. They occupy sixty pages of that work. He also rwrote a number of papers and delivered addresses, principally relating to agriculture and horticulture, which have from time to time appeared in pamphlet form.

Ezra Michener, M.D.

1. A Retrospect of Early Quakerism, being extraets from the Records of Philadelphia Yearly Meeting and the Meetings composing it. To which is prefixed an account of their first establishment By Ezra Michener. Philadelphia: published by T. Ellwood Zell, 1860. Large octavo, pp. 434, illustrated.

This work gives an account of the settlement of the meetings of the Society of. Friends within the bounds of Philadelphia Yearly Meeting; and the principles of Friends are illustrated by extracts from the records of the Yearly and other meetings. Those who are desirous of obtaining a knowledge of those principles can very readily do so by an attentive perusal of this volume.

2. A Brief Exposition of the Testimony to. Peace, as exemplified by the life and precepts of Jesus Christ and the early Christians, and held by the Religions Society of Friends. Compiled for the reader, by Ezra Michener, 1862. 12mo, pp. 34.

3. Christian Casket, or the Pearl of Great Price. 1869. 12mo, pp. 45.

This is the " Sermon on the Mount," combined from Matthew and Luke, with a few notes.

4. Manual of Weeds, or The Weed Exterminator. 1872. Large 12mo, pp. 148.

William D. Hartman, M.D., and Ezra Michener, M.D.

Conchologia Cestrica. The Molluscous A nimals and their Shells, of Chester County, Pa. By William D. Hartman, M.D., and Ezra Michener, M.D. With numerous illustrations. " An undevout philosopher is mad." Philadelphia: Claxton, Remsen & Haffelfinger, 1874. 8vo, pp. 104.

This is an elaborate treatise on the conchology of Chester County. The authors have for many years made the science a study, and the result of their investigations in that direction, so far as relates to Chester County, is embodied in this volume. It is illustrated with 207 wood-cut figures of objects described in the work.

316 - HISTORY OF CHESTER COUNTY, PENNSYLVANIA.

In addition to the foregoing *wig, Dr. Hartman has published the following papers:

1. On the Opercula of the Family Strepomatidae, in the American Journal of Conch̊logy.
2. A Bibliographical Catalogue of the Genus Partula Ferrussac, with observations on the species, in the Bulletin of the Museum of Comparative Zoology.
3. On the Duplicates of the Genus Partula Ferrussac, contained in the Museum of Comparative Zoology, Cambridge, Mass.
4. Catalogue of the Genus Partula Ferrussac. Printed for the author, by F. S. Hickman, West Chester, 1881.

Jesse Kersey.

1. Lectures on Agriculture, delivered before the Downingtown Society for the acquisition and promotion of Natural Knowledge. By Jesse Kersey. West Chester, Penn : printed by Simeon Siegfried, 1828. 8vo, pp. 80.
2. A Treatise on the Fundamental Doctrines of the Christian Religion, in which are illustrated the profession, ministry, worship, and faith of the Society of Friends. By Jesse Kersey. Philadelphia, 1815. 8vo, pp. 142.

Various editions of this work have been published, one of them at Concord, N. H., in 1818, and one by Joseph Painter, at West Chester, Pa., in 1842.

3. A Narrative of the Life, Travels, and Gospel Labors of Jesse Kersey, late of Chester County, Pennsylvania. Philadelphia: T. Ellwood Chapman, 1851. 12mo, pp. 288.

This last volume, in addition to a sketch of his life, embraces his journal, and a number of essays and letters.

Thomas Woodward.

The Columbian Plutarch ; or, An Exemplification of several distinguished American characters. By Thomas Woodward. Philadelphia: printed for the author, 1819. 12mo, pp. 312.

This work contains twenty-eight well-written biographical sketches of persons connected with American history. The author resided in West Whiteland township, near the Boot tavern, and at the time the book was written was a school-teacher.

Robert Bailey.

Life and Adventures of Robert Bailey, from his infancy to December, 1821, interspersed with anecdotes and religious and moral admonitions, written by himself. Published in 1822.

The author was a native of Chester Co., Pa., a son of Maj. William Bailey, who fell in the battle of the Cowpens, in South Carolina, during the Revolutionary war. He did not lead an upright life, and spent many years in jail, where this work was written. It is very scarce, but the world is not the loser by reason thereof.

Jason M. Mahan.

The Private Instruetor; or, Mathematics Simplified : comprising everything neeessary in arithmetic, book-keeping, conveyancing, mensuration, and gauging to form and complete the man of business. The whole upon an improved plan. Not only adapted to private instruction, but also to the use of schools. By Jason M. Mahan, Mathematician, New Italy, Chester County, Pennsylvania. Harrisburg, 1836. 12mo, pp. 304.

The compiler of this book, at the time of its publication, resided in Sadsbury township, Chester County, and was a teacher in the public schools of that township. It is a very useful book for persons engaged in the ordinary occupations of life, containing as it does what is stated on the title-page.

William Gibbons, M.D.

1. Truth Vindicated. A series of letters in defense of the doetrines of the Society of Friends, originally written over the signature of " Vindex." Published in Philadelphia in 1823. 8vo, pp. 158.

2. Exposition of Modern Seepticism. Originally published in Wilmington, Del., 1832. 8vo, pp. 50.

Dr. Gibbons also wrote an essay on the subject of "Slavery," issued by the Philadelphia Yearly Meeting of Friends about 1840; and an essay on the "Culture of Silk," founded on experiments of his own, an industry in which be took much interest. He also prepared and read several essays on literary and scientific subjects before the Delaware Academy of Science. (See sketch of the author.)

Rev. George I. Miles.

A Glance at the Baptists. By George I. Miles, Pastor of the Baptist Church, West Chester, Pa. Printed by Henry S. Evans, West Chester, 1836. 18mo, pp. 264.

This work is a condensed history of the Baptists in all the centuries covered by ecclesiastical history, as relates to the denomination, and is an abridgment of Benedict's "History of the Baptists," a highly-esteemed work.

Jane Bettie.

Extracts from the Memorandums of Jane Bettie, with a short memoir respecting her. Philadelphia: printed by Joseph and William Kite, 1843. 12mo, pp. 116.

Jane Bettie was a daughter of Thomas and Jane Temple, of Pennsbury township, Chester County, and the wife of Samuel Bettie, of Philadelphia, to whom she was married in 1802. She died April 13, 1840, in the sixty-seventh year of her age. This volume contains a biographical sketch, the memorial of the Monthly Meeting of Friends with which she was connected, and memorandums, in the nature of a diary, made by her during the eight years preceding her death.

Halliday Jackson.

Civilization of the Indian Natives; or, A Brief View of the friendly conduct of William Penn towards them in the early settlement of Pennsylvania ; the subsequent care of the Society of Friends in endeavoring to promote peaee and fr iendship with them by pacific measures ; and A Concise Narrative of the Proceedings of the Yearly Meeting of Friends, of Pennsylvania, New Jersey, and parts adjacent, since the year 1795, in promoting their improve. ment and gradual civilization. By Halliday Jackson. Philadelphia, 1830. Large octavo, pp. 120.

Theophilus F. Kloz, M.D.

The Family Physician, a work on domestic medicine. Published in 1837.

The author was a German botanic physician, residing and practicing his profession in West Chester at the time the above work was prepared and published.

Dr. William Johnston.

The Good Samaritan ; or, Siek Man's Friend : containing the Botanic Medical Practiee necessary for the removal of all curable forms of disease, in strict accordance with the soundest principles of philosophy and common sense ; intended as a Pocket Companion for Thomsonians, and all others who would wish to prevent or cure their own diseases. By Dr. William Johnston, of Chester County, Pa. " Nothing extenuate, nor aught set down in malice." Philadelphia, 1841. 18mo, pp. 288.

The author of this work resided in East Marlborough township, Chester County.

Gen. Josiah Harlan.

1. A Memoir of India and Avghanistaun, with observations on the present state and future prospects of those countries, with portrait of Dost Mahomed, and maps. By Gen. Josiah Harlan, late Counselor of State, Aide-de-camp, and General of the Staff to Dost Mahomed, Ameer of Cabul. Philadelphia, 1842. 8vo, pp. 216.
2. Personal Narrative of General Harlan's eighteen years' residence in Asia, eomprising an aceount of the manners and customs of the Oriental nations with whom the author has had official and familiar intercourse.

The last-mentioned work is still in manuscript.

Henry H. Van Amringe.

The Seals Opened ; or, A Voice to the Jews. " And at midnight there was a cry made, Behold, the Bridegroom cometh ; go ye out to meet him."-Matt. xxv. 6. By Henry H. Van Amringe, Esq. Philadelphia: printed by T. K. & P. G. Collins, 1840. 12mo, pp. 365.

Mr. Van Amringe was a native of Upper Oxford township, Chester County. He was for many years a prominent member of the bar of Chester County, and was deputy attorney-general for the county during the administration of Governor Shulze. He became a zealous student of the Scriptures, and this volume is an exposition of his religious views.

Henry B. Pearson.

The Little Orator for Boys and Girls, in progressive lessons. Founded on Nature as investigated by Dr. James Rush in his "Philosophy of the Human Voice." To which are added American Pieces, Original and Seleeted. By a Teacher of reading at the West Chester Academy (A. Bolmar's), West Chester, Penn. Printed for the author, by Henry S. Evans, 1837. 12mo, pp. 108.

This work, as the title indicates, was written for the use of schools. The author, Henry B. Pearson, was a teacher in the old West Chester Academy, on Gay Street, at that time under the charge of Anthony Bolmar. He subsequently removed to Philadelphia, and became a member of the bar. In 1840 he published a work on the Constitution of the United States, in the form of dialogues, for the use of schools.

Morris Mattson, M.D.

1. The Patriot. A Story of the Revolution.

This was a serial story, published in the Literary Casket, a newspaper published at the Yellow (now Chester) Springs in the year 1829.

2. Hours of Devotion. Translated from the German by Morris Mattson. The second edition was published in Philadelphia, by James Kay, Jr., & Brother, 1835. 12mo, pp. 251.

The work was non-sectarian in its character, and was very popular.

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3. Paul Ulric; or, the Adventures of an Enthusiast. By Morris Mattson. New York : Harper & Brothers, 1835. 12mo, pp. 216, 227.

This work contains the following dedication :

" To the Honorable Lewis McLane : Dear Sir,-During your residence in London as Minister near the Court of St. James, I received mueh kindness and attention at your hands,-I was a wanderer in a strange land, and you were to me as a father. Permit me, therefore, to inscribe these volumes with your name, as a slight testimonial of my respect and esteem. Very truly, the Author. Philadelphia, April, 1835."

4. The American Vegetable Practice ; or, A New and Improved Guide to Health. Designed for the use of Families. In six parts. By Morris Mattson, M.D.

This work passed through two editions. The second was published in Boston in 1845, two volumes in one. 8vo, pp. 730. One of its prominent features is the deseription of our indigenous medicinal plants, which have since become popular in all medical ranks. Many of the plants are illustrated with colored lithographs, and this work has the credit of being the first one in the United States ever published with colored lithography.

Dr. Mattson has, in addition to the foregoing, published a large number of smaller medical works, including numerous pamphlets, many of them intended to explain the uses of domestic and surgical instruments invented by him.

Dr. Mattson was born in East Goshen township, and received his early education at the old school-house near Goshen Friends' Meeting. He resided for a number of years in West Chester, and for a time was editor and proprietor of the Literary Casket, which he purchased and removed from the Yellow Springs to West Chester. He is now and has been for some years a resident of the city of New York.

Bayard Taylor.

The following is a complete list of the published works of this author :
1. Ximena ; or, the Battle of the Sierra Morena, and other poems. Philadelphia, 1844.
2. Views Afoot; or, Europe Seen with Knapsack and Staff, with a Preface by N. P. Willis. New York, 1846; last edition, 1869. London, 1849. Ten years after its publication this work had reached its twentieth American edition.
3. Rhymes of Travel, and California Ballads. New York, 1848. second edition, 1849.
4. Eldorado ; or, Adventures in the Path of Empire, comprising a voyage to California via Panama, etc. New York, 1850. London, 1850. Eighteenth American edition, New York, 1862 ; new edition, 1869. Allibone notices that of this work 10,000 copies of the first edition were sold in twelve days, and in England 30,000 copies, of various forms and editions, were sold within a few years.
5. The American Legend. A poem, delivered before the Phi Beta Kappa Society of Harvard University in 1850. 1850.
6. Book of Romances, Lyrics, and Songs. Boston, 1851.
7. A Journey to Central Africa; or, Life and Landscape from Egypt to the Negro Kingdom of the White Nile. New York, 1854. London, 1854. Eleventh American edition, New York, 1862; new edition; 1869. Was translated into German, and published at Leipsic.
8. The Lands of the Saracens ; or, Pictures of Palestine, Asia Minor, Sicily, and Spain. 1854. London, 1855. Twentieth American edition, New York, 1862; new edition, 1869.
9. A Visit to India, China, and Japan in the Year 1853. New York, 1855. London, 1855. Sixteenth American edition, New York, 1862; new edition, 1869. Nos. 7, 8, and 9 contain the results of the author's travels in 1851-53.
10. Poems of the Orient. Boston, 1855. Fifth edition before 1861 ; new edition, 1862.
11. Poems and Ballads. New York, 1854. Contains portrait of the author by Thomas Buehanan Read.
12. Poems of Home and Travel. Boston, 1855 ; 1862.
13. Northern Travel : Summer and Winter Pietures : Sweden, Denmark, and Lapland. London, 1857. New York, 1858; 1869. London, 1869. These were letters originally contributed to The Tribune. The title-pages of the London and New York editions differ. Translated into German and Swedish.
14. Travels in Greece and Russia, with an Excursion to Crete, 1859. London, 1859. New York, 1869. The portion relating to Greece alone was translated into German by Mrs. Taylor, and published at Leipsic.
15. At Home and Abroad. A Sketch-Book of Life, Scenery, and Men. New York, 1859; 1869. Second series, 1862. London, 1862.
16. The Poet's Journal. Boston and London, 1862. Characterized as "a poetical domestic autobiography."
17. Hannah Thurston. A Story of American Life. New York, 1863. Fourteenth thousand, 1864. London, 1863; 1864. In Russian, St. Petersburg, 1864. In German, translated by the author's wife, Mrs. Marie Taylor, daughter of Professor Hansen, the emineut astronomer, Hamburg. 1864.
18. John Godfrey's Fortunes. Related by himself. A story of American life. New York, 1864. Ninth thousand, 1865. London, 1864. In German, 1865. Translated by Mrs. Taylor.
19. The Story of Kennett. A Tale of American Life. New York, 1866. London, 1866. Translated into German by Mrs. Taylor, and published at Gotha.
20. The Picture of St. John. A Poem. Boston, 1866.
21. Colorado. A Summer Trip. New York, 1867. London, 1867.
22. Frithiof's Saga; from the Swedish of Esais Tegner, Bishop of Wexio. By the Rev. W. L. Blakely. Edited by Bayard Taylor. New York, 1867.
23. The Golden Wedding; Joseph Taylor, Rebecca W. Taylor, October 15, 1868. Privately printed ; 200 copies. Philadelphia, 1868. Contains a short address by Mr. Taylor, and a masque composed for the occasion ; also a poem by Mr. Stoddard, and another by Mr. Boker.
24. By-Ways of Europe, 1869. London, 1869.
25. Auerbach's Villa on the Rhine. Author's edition, with a Biographical Sketch by Bayard Taylor, and portrait. New York, 1869.
26. The Ballad of Abraham Lincoln. With illustrations by Sol Eytinge, Jr. Boston, 1869.
27. Illustrated Library of Travel, Exploration, and Adventure. Edited by Mr. Taylor. New York, 1872-74.
28. Goethe's "Faust," Parts I. and II. Translated into English verse, with a reproduetion of the original metres. Boston, 1870-71. Acknowledged by competent critics to be the best English translation, and to rank with the best works of the class in the language.
29. Joseph and His Friend. New York, 1870. Translated into German, and published at Berlin.
30. The Masque of the Gods. Boston, 1872.
31. Beauty and the Beast, and Tales of Home. New York, 1872.
32. Lars. A Pastoral of Norway. 1873.
33. Egypt and Iceland in the Year 1874, with an Account of a Visit to Fayoum. New York, 1874.
34. The Prophet. A Tragedy. Boston, 1874.
35. School History of Germany. New York, 1874. Translated into German by Mrs. Taylor. Stuttgart, 1875.
36. Home Pastorals, Ballads, and Lyrics. Boston, 1875.
37. The National Ode. Read at Philadelphia, July 4, 1876. Heliotype facsimile of the author's MS. Boston, 1876.
38. Boys of Other Countries. Stories for American Boys. New York, 1876. Translated into German by Mrs. Taylor. Stuttgart, 1879. This was Mr. Taylor's only book for young people, and contained his last work in prose.
39. The Echo Club, and other Literary Diversions. Boston, 1876.
40. Bismarck : his Authentic Biography. By George Hezekiel. Historical Introduction by Bayard Taylor. New York, 1878.
41. Prince Deukalion. Boston, 1878.

In addition to the foregoing, he edited the following volumes :

1. Hand-book of Literature and the Fine Arts. Edited with George Ripley,1852.
2. Cyclopaedia of Modern Travel. Cincinnati, 1856.

And of the " Illustrated Library of Travel and Adventure," published by Scribners in 1872, he edited the following volumes :

3. Japan in our Day.
4. Travels in Arabia.
5. Travels in South Africa.

He was also the editor of

6. Picturesque Europe. Published by Appletons in three large quarto volumes, 1875-78. Pp. 488, 460, 491.

He also contributed

1. Notes on Loo-Choo and Japan in the Narrative of Perry's Expedition.
2. Notes to Voices of the Press. New York, 1850.
3. Introduction to R. H. Stoddard's Life, Travels, and Books of Alexander von Humboldt. New York, 1850.

He was also a constant writer for the magazines and reviews, and of his contributions to these, the Atlantic Monthly received forty-seven ; Harper's Monthly Magazine, eight; North American Review, three; and Scribner's Monthly, four.

Uniform editions of his books of travel have been published by G. P. Putnam, in five volumes, 1855; in six volumes, 1858; in eight volumes, 1859; in two editions, the " Caxton" and the " Honsehold," each in ten volumes, in 1862 and in 1869. A collected edition of the poems was issued by Fields, Osgood & Co., Boston, 1865, and of the novels by Putnam & Son, New York, 1871. Other editions of 11s works have been and. are being issued, one of them called the " Kennett" edition.

At the time of his death he was collecting materials for a combined biography of Goethe and Sehiller.

Since the death of Mr. Taylor a work has been issued from the press, edited from his unpublished manuscripts by his widow, Mrs. Marie Taylor, entitled "Studies in German Literature," by Bayard Taylor, with an introduction by the Hon. George H. Boker. The material of this volume consists of twelve lectures, originally prepared for Cornell University. Mrs. Taylor is also editing for publication another volume from his unpublished manuscripts, and a biography of Mr. Taylor is also in the course of preparation.

318 - HISTORY OF CHESTER COUNTY, PENNSYLVANIA.

Rachel Hunt.

Autumnal Fruits and Flowers. Being the Effusions of a reflecting mind in the decline of life. By Rachel Hunt. Philadelphia, 1843. 12mo, pp. 168.

This work was designed to preserve in a permanent form some of the narratives and poetic productions of the author, and was printed for the use of her children and relatives. Its contents are imbued with a spirit of devotional piety. The author was a native of West-town township, Chester County.

Noble Heath.

A Treatise on Arithmetic; through which the entire seienee ean be most expeditiously aud perfectly learned without the aid of a teacher. Designed for the use of sehools and private students. By Noble Heath. "Deo generique humano." Philadelphia: T. Ellwood Chapman, 1855. 12mo, pp. 455.

This is a very full and complete treatise on the subject of arithmetic, much more so than any work which had preeeded it, and it is questionable whether any which have succeeded it are superior to it or as good.

Barclay Pennock.

The Religion of the Northmen. By Rudolph Keyser, Professor of History in the University of Norway. Translated by Barclay Pennock, Kennett Square, and published in New York, 1854. 12mo, pp. 348.

See biographical sketch of Barclay Pennock.

Benjamin Naylor.

1. Naylor's System of Teaehing Geography, adapted to Pelton's Outline Maps ; containing full and complete answers to all questions embraoed in the work, comprising much valuable, interesting, and descriptive matter not found in any other school geography. By Benjamin Naylor. Philadelphia: T. Ellwood Chapman, 1850. 8vo, pp. 144.
2. The Speedy Calculator, a System of Arithmetic designed to abridge the labor of the learner and expand his intellectual faculties. By Benjamin Naylor. 12mo, 1849.

Rev. John Crowell.

Republics Established and Thrones Overturned by the Bible. By John Crowell, Pastor of the First Presbyterian Church, West Chester, Pa. Philadelphia: John T. Lange, 24 South Second Street, 1849. 12mo, pp. 202.

Rev. James May, D.D.

Life and Letters of Rev. James May, D.D. By Rev. Alexander Shires, A.M. Philadelphia: Protestant Episcopal Book Society, 1224 Chestnut Street, with portrait. 12mo, pp. 186.

Mr. May was a native of Chester County.

William Sloan Graham.

Remains of William Sloan Graham. Published by J. W. Moore. Philadelphia, 1849.

Mr. Graham was a native of New London township, and at one time principal of the New London Academy. This volume, besides his writings, contains a memoir, written by his wife, of his religious and literary life. The work is edited by Prof. George Allen.

George Lippard.

George Lippard was born near the Yellow (now Chester) Springs, April 10, 1824, and died in Philadelphia about 1854. He was the author of a large number of tales and historical romances, of which the following is a list of those published in book form :

The Ladye Annabel ; Herbert Tracy ; The Quaker City, in two parts; Washington and his Generals; Paul Ardenheim ; Memoirs of a Preacher ; Adonai, the Pilgrim of Eternity ; Adrian, the Neophyte; Jesus and the Poor ; The Empire City ; The Nazarine; Blanehe of Brandywine ; Legends of Mexieo ; The Rose of Wissahickon ; Bel of Prairie Eden ; Legends of the American Revolution ; Slave-Catching in the Quaker City ; The Entranced ; Mysteries and Miseries of Philadelphia; New York, its Upper Ten and Lower Million.

The greater part of these were published in Philadelphia., some of them in New York. They appeared at different periods from 1842 to 1854. In addition to these, he was the author of numerous essays of a historical and philosophical character, stories, sketches, etc., which have never appeared in book form. His life and some of his writings were also published in Philadelphia in 1855 in an octavo volume.

Professor Fordyce A. Allen.

Professor Allen conducted a normal school and seminary in West Chester from 1852 to 1864. During this period he devised and partly prepared for the press a series of school geographies. They have been published under the titles respectively of " Oral Geography," " Primary Geography," and "Comprehensive Geography." The first was published by Claxton, Remsen & Haffelfinger, and the other two by J. B. Lippincott & Co., of Philadelphia.

Isaac P. Trimble, M.D.

Dr. Trimble was born in West Bradford township in 1804, and now resides in the city of New York. He is noted for his love of fruit-culture, and is the author of a work entitled "Inseets Injurious to Fruit and Fruit-Trees."

Thomas Baldwin.

1. A Universal Pronouncing Gazetteer. Published by Lindsay & Blakiston, Philadelphia, 1845. 8vo, pp. 550.

This was the joint work of Thomas Baldwin and his cousin, Dr.. JosephThomas, with some contributions from others, and appeared nnder the name of " Thomas Baldwin, assisted by several other gentlemen." Dr. Joseph Thomas was the author of the system of pronouncing geographical names contained in this volume, at its first publication a department of literature bnt little cultivated.

2. A New and Complete Gazetteer of the United States. By Thomas Baldwin and Joseph Thomas, M.D. Published by Lippincott, Grambo & Co., Philadelphia, 1854. 8vo, pp. 1364.
3. A Complete Pronouncing Gazetteer, or Geographical Dictionary of the World. By Joseph Thomas, M.D., and Thomas Baldwin, assisted by several other Gentlemen, containing a notice and the pronunciation of nearly one hundred thousand places. Published by Lippincott & Co., Philadelphia, 1855. Royal oetavo, pp. 2174.

This work has passed through several editions, and has been further enlarged and improved, and is, in respect of completeness, accuracy, and variety and extent of geographical information, without an equal in the English language.

Thomas Baldwin is a native of Chester County, and was born in Downingtown, Aug. 9, 1807. He now resides in Philadelphia, and was for many years engaged in school-teaching.

A Memoir.

Memoir and Letters of Gulielma M. Hoopes. Philadelphia, 1862. 12mo, pp. 114, with portrait.

The subject of this volume was the wife of Edward Hoopes, and a daughter of David Townsend, formerly cashier of the Bank of Chester County. The book was printed for private cireulation only, and is an affectionate tribute to the memory of a cultured and lovely Christian woman.

Rev. William Newton.

Lectures on the First Two Visions of the Book of Daniel. By William Newton, Rector of the Church of the Holy Trinity, West Chester, Pennsylvania. Philadelphia: William S. & Alfred Martian, 1859. 12mo, pp. 250.

These lectures are twelve in number, and were delivered to the people of his charge, in West Chester, before their publication.

Morris Cope.

Some Authentic Extracts, with a few deduetions and observations in relation to the state of the Society of Friends. By Morris Cope. West Chester : E. F. James, Printer, 1858. 8vo, pp. 31.

William Whitehead.

1. Directory of the Borough of Chester for the years 1859-60, with a concise history of the Borough from its first settlement to the present time, etc. By William Whitehead, of West Chester. 1859. 12mo, pp. 108.
2. Directory of the Boroughs of Norristown and Bridgeport for the years 186061, with a concise history of the Boroughs from their first settlement to the present time, ete. By William Whitehead. 1860. 12mo, pp. 285.
3. Etoile, and Other Persons. By William Whitehead.

"If from society we learn to live,
'Tis solitude should teach us how to die :
It hath no flatterers."-BYRON.

Published for the author, by George F. Worrall, West Chester, Pa., 1872. 8vo, pp. 152.

Edmund C. Evans, M.D.

1. General Notions of Chemistry. By J. Pelouze and E. Fremy. Translated froth the French by Edmund C. Evans, M.D. Philadelphia: Lippincott, Grambo & Co., 1854. 8vo, pp. 419.

This work, the translator says, is intended for persons who, unaccustomed to scientific studies, wish to acquire a general knowledge of chemistry and its principal applications.

2. Rural Economist; devoted to Agriculture, Horticulture, and Rural Affairs. Edmund C. Evans, Editor and Proprietor, West Chester, Chester County, Pa., 1861-62. Pp. 392. One volume, octavo.

Medical Society.

Transactions of the Medical Society of the State of Pennsylvania at its Annual Session held in West Chester, Pa., May, 1857. 8vo, pp. 218.

In addition to the regular proceedings of the society, this volume contains an interesting and instructive article on the "Topography

BIBLIOGRAPHY - 319

and Geology of Chester County," with a map of the county exhibiting its geological features, meteorological observations made at West Chester for each day of the year 1856, and a plate showing the determination of the latitude and longitude of West Chester.

Samuel Alsop.

A Treatise on Surveying, in which the Theory and Practice are fully explained. preceded by a short Treatise on Logarithms, and also a Compendious System, of Plane Trigonometry. The whole illustrated by numerous examples. By Samuel Alsop, author of a " Treatise on Algebra." Philadelphia: E. C. & J. Biddle & Co. 1857.

The author was a teacher in the Westtown Boarding-School from 1853 to 1860, and this work was prepared and published while he was thus engaged. It has passed through several editions.

Thomas Buchanan Read.

1. Poems. Boston, 1847. 12mo.
2. Lays and Ballads. Philadelphia, 1848. 12mo.
3. The Female Poets of America, with Portraits, Biographical Notices, and Specimens of their writings. 1848. 8vo. Seventh edition, 1857. 8vo, pp. 482.
4. The Pilgrims of the Great St. Bernard. A Prose Romance. Published in the suecessive numbers of a magazine.
5. Poems. Illustrated by Kenney Meadows. Published in London, 1852. 8vo, pp. 278. A choice edition.

This volume was warmly commended by the English periodicals.

6. Poems. A new and enlarged edition. Published in Philadelphia, 1853. 8vo. 1854. 8vo, illustrated.
7. The New Pastoral. A Poem, 1855. 12mo. 1856. 12mo, pp. 250.

This is an elaborate composition. It consists of a series of thirty-seven sketches of rural and domestic life, mostly of primitive simplicity, and so truthful as to be not less valuable as history than attractive as' poetry. His life in Chester County in his earlier years has evidently furnished some of the incidents of this poem.

8. The House by the Sea. A Poem. Philadelphia, 1856. 12mo, pp. 152.
9. Sylvia, or The Lost Shepherd : an Eclogue, and other Poems. 1857. 12mo, pp. 158.

Among the minor poems in this volnme are "The Stayed Curse," "The Blessed Dead," "Hero and Leander," "The Chamois-Hunter," and "Twenty-one."

10. Rural Poems. London, 1857. 8vo.
11. Complete Poetical Works (including Sylvia, The House by the Sea, The New Pastoral, etc.). Newly Revised, with Additions. Boston, 1860. 2 vols., 16mo.
12. The Wagoner of the Alleghenies. A Poem of the Days of Seventy-Six. Philadelphia, 1862. 12mo. 1868. 16mo.
13. A Summer Story, Sheridan's Ride, and other Poems, chiefly of the War. 1865. 8vo, pp. 154. Containing thirty-five poems.
14. Poems. New and Enlarged Edition. 1865. 2 vols., 16mo.
15. Good Samaritans. A Poem. Cincinnati. Small quarto, pp. 20.

Thomas Buchanan Read was a true poet. He had a great command of language, a vivid fancy, and a musical ear, and his poems have the ring of sterling metal, and bear the snperscription of genius.
Chester County may well be proud that she has given birth to Bayard Taylor and Thomas Buchanan Read. It needs no herald to proclaim their merits to the world.

Issacher Price.

School-Day Rhymes. By Issacher Price. Philadelphia, 1856. 12mo, pp. 125.

The volume is dedicated by the author to his "much-loved and venerable friend and tutor, Jonathan Gause." Mr. Price resided in the Great Valley.

Evan Pugh.

1. Miscellaneous Chemical Analyses. Inaugural Dissertation. Gottingen, 1856.
2. On the Sources of the Nitrogen of Vegetation, with special reference to the question whether plants assimilate free or uncombined Nitrogen. Philadelphia. Trans. II., 1861. 4to, pp. 150.
3. A Report upon a Plan for the Organization of Colleges for Agriculture and the Mechanic Arts, with especial reference to the organization of the Agricultural College of Pennsylvania. By Dr. E. Pugh, President of the Faculty. 1864. 8vo, pp. 35.

See biographical sketch of the author.

Benjamin and Jane Price.

The Golden Wedding of Benjamin and Jane Price, with Brief Family Record. " Gather up the fragments that rcmain, that nothing be lost." Philadelphia: J. B. Lippincott & Co., 1867. 12mo, pp. 48.

This volume contains an aceount of the golden wedding of Benjamin and Jane Price, at the residence of their son, Dr. Jacob Price, in West Chester, on June 12, 1867, with the addresses delivered and poems read on the occasion; also an account of their ancestry, and of the descendants of Philip and Rachel Price, the parents of Benjamin Price, and of Jacob and Mary Paxson, the parents of Jane Price.

Eli K. Price.

1. Memoir of Philip and Rachel Price. " Honour thy Father and thy Mother." Philadelphia : printed for Eli K. Priee and Philip M. Price, 1852. 12mo, pp. 192.

See biographical sketch.

2. Memorial of Our Daughter, for her ehild. Printed for Eli K. Price, 1862. 12mo, pp. 220.

This is a memorial of Rebecca Embree Withers, daughter of Eli K. and Anna E. Price, and wife of Hanson L. Withers, who was born March 10, 1829, and died Jan. 17, 1861. Her child, Anna Rebecca, for whom the memorial was written, was born Dec. 10, 1860.

3. Discourse on the Family as an Element of Government. Read before the Ameriean Philosophical Society, January, 1864. Philadelphia, 1864. 12mo. pp. 50.

4. Centennial Meeting of the Descendants of Philip and Rachel Price. Philadelphia, 1864. 12mo, pp. 86.
5. Discourse on the Trial by Jury. Read before the American Philosophical Society, May 1, 1863. Philadelphia, 1863. 12mo, pp. 24.

The last three papers are bound together in one volume. The centennial meeting of the descendants of Philip and Rachel Price was held at the old homestead, in East Bradford, Chester County, on July 2, 1864. A very full and interesting aecount of the family was read at the meeting by Eli K. Price, Esq., which is given in this volume, together with a list of the descendants.

6. Of the Limitations of Actions and Liens against Real Estate in Pennsylvania. By Eli K. Price, Philadelphia. Kay & Brother, Law Booksellers, Publishers, etc. 1857. 8vo, pp. 392.
7. The Act for the Sale of Real Estate. By Eli K. Price. Philadelphia : Kay & Brother, Law Publishers, etc. 1874. 8vo, pp. 194.
8. The History of the Consolidation of the City of Philadelphia. By Eli K. Price. Philadelphia : J. B. Lippincott & Co., 1873. 12mo, pp. 140.

Mr. Price is also the author of a number of essays and papers, among them the following, read before the American Philosophical Society, viz.: "Some Phases of Modern Philosophy," read Jan. 5, 1872; " Another Phase of Modern Philosophy," read March 1, 1872; " The Glacial Epochs," read in March and April, 1876; and " Sylvaculture," read in November and December, 1877. He also edited the "Diary of John Pemberton" for the years 1877 and 1878 for the Numismatic and Antiquarian Society of Philadelphia.

Rev. William E. Moore.

Digest of the Acts and Deliveranees of the General Assembly of the Presbyterian Church in the United States of America, compiled by the order and authority of the General Assembly. By Rev. William E. Moore. Philadelphia: Presbyterian Publication Committee, 1861. 8vo, pp. 634.

At the time of the preparation of this volume Rev. William E. Moore was pastor of the Presbyterian Church of West Chester, Pa.

Mrs. Harriet F. Moore.

Loving Jesus Early. A True Life. " He will gather the lambs in His arms, and carry them in His bosom." Philadelphia: Presbyterian Publieation Committee, 1868. 18mo, pp. 164.

The author is the wife of Rev. William E. Moore, formerly pastor of the Presbyterian Church of West Chester, Pa., and this volume is a memoir of their daughter Sarah, who died at an early age.

James P. Wickersham, LL.D.

1. School Economy. A Treatise on the Preparation, Organization, Employment,
Government, and Authorities of Schools. 1864. 12mo, pp. 381.

This work has been translated into the Spanish, French, and Japanese languages.

2. Methods of Instruction. That part of the Philosophy of Education which Treats of the Nature of the Several Branches of Knowledge and the Methods of Teaching them according to that Nature. 1865. 12mo, pp. 496.
3. The Common School Laws of Pennsylvania, and Decisions of the Superintendent, with Explanations, Forms, etc. Revised and Arranged by James P. Wickersham, Superintendent of Public Instruction. Harrisburg, 1879. 18mo, pp. 307.

In addition to the foregoing works, Prof. Wickersham has prepared and published fifteen volumes of "Pennsylvania School Reports," octavo, averaging about 340 pages each; also ten volumes " Pennsylvania Orphans' School Reports," octavo, averaging about 112 pages each. He has also written a large number of articles for magazines, and many miscellaneous reports, lectures, essays, etc., mostly on educational subjects. He has been editor of the Pennsylvania School Journal from 1870 to the present time, now over ten years.

320 - HISTORY OF CHESTER COUNTY, PENNSYLVANIA.

Edward H. Williamson.

1. The Scout. A Tale of the Revolution.

This tale was published serially in The Saturday Evening Post, Philadelphia, in the year 1859. The scene is laid in Chester County, chiefly in the neighborhood and east of Osborne's Hill and Chads' Ford.

2. The Quaker Partisans. A Story of the Revolution. By the author of " The Seout," with illustrations. Philadelphia: J. B. Lippincott & Co., 1869. 12mo, pp. 294.

A second edition of this tale was published in the year 1876, under the title of "Clayton's Rangers, or the Quaker Partisans." The scene is laid in Chester County, along the Brandywine, principally in the neighborhood of the old Taylor house and of Deborah's Rocks, in East Bradford township.

It is a historical fact that in the early part of the war Of independence members of the Society of Friends in Philadelphia, still claiming to be "Friends," withdrew from the society and formed themselves into a separate body, under the title of the "Free Quakers." They, were in favor of the prosecution of the war, and in various ways assisted in the great struggle. This story purports to relate the doings of a company of cavalry known as the " Rangers," composed of young men of the new society.

3. Philip Morton ; or, Adventures on the Pennsylvania Frontier.

This tale was published serially in The Saturday Evening Post in the year 1866. The scene of the story is in and around the present site of Harrisburg, having for its centre the old Harris block-house.

4. The Book of Deeds, containing forms of deeds for each State and Territory, with full acknowledgments for husband and wife. By Edward H. Williamson, Conveyancer, 1877. 8vo, pp. 84.

5. The List of Notaries, containing, in tabular form, the names of all the Notaries Public in Philadelphia since 1871, with dates of commission. By Edward II. Williamson, 1879.

J. Gilbert Young, M.D.

Records of the Youngs, comprising, in addition to mueh general information respecting them, a particular and extended account of the posterity of Ninian Young, an early resident of East Fallowfield township, Chester County, Pa. Compiled from the best published and other sources, by J. Gilbert Young, M.D. In two parts. Philadelphia: William S. Young, 34 North Sixth Street, 1869. 8vo, pp. 114.

Hon. James B. Everhart.

1. Miscellanies. By James B. Everhart. "Frustra laborat, qui omnibus placere studet." West Chester: Edward F. James, 1862. 8vo, pp. 300. Steel engraving.
2. Poems. By James B. Everhart, author of a volume of Misoellanies. "I, fuge : sed poteras tutior esse domi."-MARTIAL, Ep. 4. Philadelphia: J. B. Lippincott & Co., 1868. 8vo, pp. 144. Frontispieee on steel.
3. The Fox Chase. By James Bowen Everhart, author of "Miscellanies and Poems." Philadelphia: Porter & Coates, 1874. 12mo, pp. 36. Illustrated.

Dr. John W. Cooper.

Game Fowls; their Origin and History, with a description of the Breeds, Strains, and Crosses ; the American and English modes of Feeding, Training, and Healing; How to Breed and Cross, improving quality and preserving feather ; together with a description and treatment of all diseases ineident to Game Fowls. By J. W. Cooper, M.D. West Chester, Pa., 1869. 8vo, pp. 304. Illustrated.

Dr. John W. Cooper is a physician residing in West Chester. About 1859 he published a small work on the subject of which the above is a new and enlarged edition, with illustrations. He is thoroughly qualified by experience for the task of preparing such a work, and the knowledge and experience of Europe and America. on the subject are here given.

Daniel G. Brinton, M.D.

1. The Floridian Peninsula; its Literary History, Indian Tribes, and Antiquities. By Daniel G. Brinton, A.B. Philadelphia: published by Joseph Sabin, 1859. Post 8vo, pp. 202.

This is a learned work on an interesting portion of American history and archaeology. There are numerous foot-notes, showing that the author has thoroughly investigated the subject.

2. The Shawnees and their Migrations ; The Mound-Builders of the Mississippi Talley ; and Early Spanish Mining in Northern Georgia. Papers published in the Historical Magazine for 1866.
3. The Myths of the New World ; A Treatise on the Symbolism and Mythology of the Red Races of America. By Daniel G. Brinton, A.M., M.D., Member of the Historical Society of Pennsylvania, etc. New York: Leypoldt & Holt, 1868. 8vo, pp. 307.

This is a work of rare interest to every one interested in ethnological inquiries, and commends itself to the thoughtful of every class. It has received the indorsement of learned critics, both at home and abroad. The foot-notes are extensive and valuable:

4. A Guide-Book of Florida and the South, for Tourists, Invalids, and Emigrants, with a map of the St. John River. By Daniel G. Brinton, A.M., M.D. Philadelphia : George Maclean, 719 Sansom Street. Jacksonville, Florida : Columbus Drew, 1869.
5. The National Legend of the Chahta-Muskokee Tribes. By D. G. Brinton, M.D. Morrisiania, N. Y., 1870. Octavo, pp. 13.
6. The Phonetic Alphabet of Yucatan. Historical Magazine for 1870.
7. Grammar of the Choctaw Language. By the Rev. Cyrus Byington. Edited from the original MSS. in the Library of the American Philosophical Society, by D. G. Brinton,' M.D. Philadelphia, 1870, Octavo, pp. 56.
8. The Arawack Language of Guiana in its Linguistic and Ethnological Relations. Transactions of American Philosophical Society, 1871.
9. Contributions to a Grammar of the Chahta•Muskokee Dialects. Proceedings of American Philosophical Society, 1872.
10. The Religious Sentiment;. its Source and Aim. A Contribution to the Science and Philosophy of Religion. By Daniel G. Brinton, A.M., M.D. New York : Henry Holt & Co., 1876. 8vo, pp. 284.
11. The Brinton Family, 1878. Quarto, pp. 60. A limited number of copies printed.

This is an interesting historical and genealogical record of the Brinton family, and contains a sketch of its history in England, from the origin of the name, about A.D. 1100, until the emigration of the first settler to this country, 1,684, a collection of all the information preserved about the first colonist, William Brinton, and his immediate family, and a genealogy of his descendants to and including the seventh generation, with brief biographical notes.

Dr. Brinton is also one of the authors of the Eclectic series of geographies, published in Cincinnati, and has edited Naphey's "Therapeutics" and various other medieal works.

He is also editor of the Philadelphia Medical and Surgical Reporter, a weekly journal, and of the Compendium of 'Medical Science, published half-yearly, and in his editorial position he has contributed much to medical periodical literature.

In addition to his individual productions, Dr. Brinton published, in connection with Dr. George H. Napheys, a work entitled "The Laws of Health in Relation to the Human Form." By D. G. Brinton, M.D., . and George H. Napheys, M.D. Springfield, Mass.: W. J. Holland, 1870. 12mo, pp. 346.

This is a work on personal beauty and the means of preserving it, written from the physician's point of view.

Nelson P. Boyer.

1. The Poultry Breeder's Manual. 1869. 8vo, pp. 32.
2. The Hog Breeder's Manual. 1869. 8vo, pp. 32.
3. The Sheep aud Goat Breeder's Manual. 1869. 8vo, pp. 32.
4. The Dairyman's Manual. 1869. 8vo, pp. 40.

These manuals, giving information on the subjects of which they treat, were published at Parkesburg, Chester County, where Mr. Boyer was engaged in the raising and selling of stock of various kinds.

Gen. George A. McCall.

Letters from the Frontier. Written during a period of thirty years' service in the army of the United States. By Maj.-Gen. George A. McCall, late Commander of the Pennsylvania Reserve Corps. Philadelphia: J. B. Lippincott & Co., 1868. Octavo, pp. 539.

Gen. McCall was for many years a citizen of Chester County, and resided in West Goshen township, about one mile from West Chester. He was a graduate of West Point, and an officer in the regular army, and these letters were written from the different posts where he was stationed and from other points, and cover a period of thirty-one years, extending from 1822 to 1853. The letters are one hundred and five in number, some of them of considerable length, as the size of the volume will indicate, and convey a large amount of valuable information, written in a pleasant and scholarly style.

Rev. Robert P. Du Bois.

A Record of the Families of Robert Patterson (the Elder), Emigrant from Ireland to America, 1774; Thomas Ewing, from Ireland, 1718; and Louis Du Bois from France, 1660; connected by the marriage of Uriah Du Bois with Martha Patterson, 1798.

This is a series of three family records, the Patterson, the Ewing, and the Du Bois, only the last two of which can claim authorship in this county. The first-the record of the Patterson family-was written by William Ewing Du Bois, of Philadelphia; the others were written as follows :

BIBLIOGRAPHY - 321

1. Record of the Family of Thomas Ewing. who emigrated from Ireland in 1718. Edirion of 150 copies ; printed for the use of the family connections only. 1858. 8vo, pp. 38. Written by Rev. Robert Pattersou Du Bois, of New Loudon, Chester County.
2. Record of the Family of Louis Du Buis, who emigrated from France in 1660. Edition of 15(1 copies ; printed for the use of the family eonnections only. 1860. 8vo, pp. 76.

This is the joint production of Rev. Robert P. Du Bois, of New London, and William E. Du Bois, of Philadelphia.

These works are admirably adapted for what they are intended to be,-repositories of facts that will interest members of the family. The fullness of the biographical details, however, renders them quite interesting to the general reader as well as to relatives.

Mrs. M. J. Guthrie.

The Silver Lining; or Fair-Hope Prospect. By Mrs. M. J. Guthrie, of. Norwood, Chester County. Philadelphia, 1872. 12mo, pp. 203.

Howard W. Gilbert.

Aldornere ; A Pennsylvania Idyll. Written by Howard W. Gilbert, and illustrated with nine original Etchings by Lloyd Mifflin, Jr. Philadelphia: John Penington & Son, 1872. 8vo, pp. 27.

The book is inscribed to Sydney Howard Gay.

Ann S. Paschall.

1. The Home Circle. By Ann S. Paschall. Friends' Book Association, 706 Areh Street, Philadelphia, 1875. 12mo, pp. 200, with illustrations.

This is an interesting narrative, the first part of which was published some thirty years previously, under the title of the " Friend's Family," in a 12mo volume of 92 pages.

2. Scripture Lessons for the .Little Ones. " Suffer little children to come to me, and forbid them not, for of such is the kingdom of Heaven." Friends' Publication Association, 1867. 18mo, pp. 132.

This hook was written for the use of one of the classes in the West Chester First-Day School of Friends.

Mrs. Isabella P. Huston.

Autumn Leaves. By Isabella P. Huston. Philadelphia: printed by Sherman & Co., 1873. Small 8vo, pp. 181, with illustrations.

This volume contains about sixty well-written poems, chiefly on subjects connected with home, and also some biographical and family sketches, and was printed for the friends of the author..

Susan Lukens.

Gleanings at Seventy-Five. By Susan Lukens, of Ercildoun, Chester County. Philadelphia: Porter & Coates, 1873. 12mo, pp. 216.

This volume contains many interesting articles, both in prose and poetry, written by the author at various periods during her life, and collected by her, at the request of friends, for publication when she had reached the age of seventy-five years. One of her poems, " The Painter of Seville," is a very fine production.

Stephen P. Sharpies, S.B.

1. Chemical Tables. By Stephen P. Sharples. Published by Sever & Francis, Cambridge, Mass., 1866. 12mo, pp. 192.

This is the most valuable work of the kind extant, and of great service to the student of chemistry. The author, a native of West Chester, was graduated from the Lawrence Scientific School of Harvard University in 1866, and presented this work as his graduating thesis.

2. Adulteration of Food. An article eontributed to" Buck's Treatise on Hygiene and Public Health." Published in 1879. The article contains GO pages, large 8vo.

Mr. Sharpies has also written a number of valuable papers, which have been published in the American Journal of Science, American Chemist, and other scientific journals. He has held successively the positions of instructor in the Lehigh University, at Bethlehem, Pa., assistant to the professor of chemistry in the Lawrence Scientific School of Harvard University, assistant editor of the Journal of Chemistry, State assayer of Massachusetts, and is now one of the special experts on the United States census, and is in business on his own account as an analytical and consulting chemist in .Boston.

John Edwards Leonard.

1. Early Poems. By J. Edwards Leonard, LL.D. New Orleans, 1871. Small quarto, pp. 80.

This volume contains thirty-one poems, pure in conception and graceful in expression, embracing translations from the French and German.

- 41 -

2. Digest of the Decisions of the Supreme Court of the United States in Louisiana Cases, with an appendix, containing a short treatise on the jurisdiction and practice of the Federal courts. Compiled and published in 1875.

Lewis Woodward, M.D.

Genealogy of the Woodward Family, of Chester County, Pa., with an appendix, giving a brief account of the Woodwards of some other portions of the United States. Compiled by Lewis Woodward, M.D. Wilmington, Del., 1809. 8vo, pp. 115.

Isaac I. Hayes, M.D.

1. An Arctic Boat Journey in the Autumn of 1854. By Isaae I. Hayes, M.D., Surgeon of the Second Grinnell Expedition. Philadelphia: Lippincott & Co., 1860. 12mo, pp. 375.

A second edition, enlarged and illustrated, was published by Fields dc Osgood in 1869. 12mo, pp. 387.

Dr. Hayes was a member of the Arctic exploring expedition commanded by Dr. Elisha K. Kane, which left New York in May, 1853, and returned in October, 1855. In the autumn of 1854 eight of the members of the expedition-officers and men-made an attempt in an open boat to reach Upernavik, in North Greenland, the nearest outpost of civilization, but returned to the vessel, after an absence of four months, without accomplishing their purpose. This volume gives a graphic description of this laudable but perilous enterprise. It is dedicated to the companions who shared with the author the fortunes which it records.

2. The, Open Polar Sea. A Narrative of a Voyage of Diseovery towards the North Pole in the Sehooner " United States." By Dr. Isaac I. Hayes. New York : Hurd & Houghton, 1867. Large octavo, pp. 454, with a portrait of the author and 'numerous maps and illustrations.
An exploring expedition under command of Dr. Isaac I. Hayes left this country in July, 1861), and returned in October, 1861. It reached a point nearer the pole than any similar undertaking has done, either before or since. This volume records its fortunes, and is dedicated to -William Parker Foulke.

3. The Land of Desolation : Being a Personal Narrative of Observations and Adventure in Greenland. By Isaac I. Hayes, M.D. Illustrated. New York : Harper & Brothers, 1872. 12mo, pp. 358.

This volume records a visit to Greenland, made in the summer of 1869, with a number of friends, in the steam yacht of William Bradford, whose pictures of Arctic scenery have received deserved commendation.. Their range of the Greenland coast was more than one thousand miles.

4. Cast Away in the Cold. An Old Man's Story of a Young Man's Adventures, as related by Captain John Hardy, Mariner. By Dr. Isaac I. Hayes. Boston: James R. Osgood & Co., 1875. 8vo, pp. 263. Illustrated.

This is a book for young persons. Much valuable information is given in the form of a 'narrative of his adventures by an old mariner to a group of listening children.

In addition to these works, Dr. Hayes has written a number of valuable papers, which have been published at different times.

J. Smith Futhey.

1. History of the Upper Octorara Presbyterian Church, Chester Co., Pa. 1870. 8vo, pp. 184.
2. History of Educational Institutions of Chester County. 1877. 8vo, pp. 17. Being report for the county, published in the Report of the Superintendent of Public Instruction for 1877.
3. Historical Address on One Hundredth Anniversary of the Paoli 'Massacre, giving an account of the operations of the armies of the Revolution-British and Amerioan-on the soil of Chester County. 1877. 8vo, pp. 54, with map.

J. Smith Futhey and Gilbert Cope.

1. History of Chester County, in Dr. William H. Egle's" History of Pennsylvania." 1876. Large octavo, occupying 30 pages of that work. Illustrated with seven engravings.
2. History of Chester County. 1881. Quarto. Published by L. H. Everts, Philadelphia. Illustrated.

Gilbert Cope.

1. A Record of the Cope Family, as established in America by Oliver Cope, who came from England to Pennsylvania about the year 1682, with the residences, dates of births, deaths, and marriages of his descendants as far as aseertained. By Gilbert Cope. Philadelphia, 1861. 8vo, pp. 251.

2. Genealogy of the Dutton Family of Pennsylvania. Preceded by a history of the family in England, from the time of William the Conqueror to the year 1669; with an appendix containing a short account of the Duttons of Connecticut. Compiled by Gilbert Cope. West Chester, Pa., 1871. 8vo, pp. 112. Illustrated.

322 - HISTORY OF CHESTER COUNTY, PENNSYLVANIA.

3. The Browns of Nottingham, being an account of the emigrant settlers of that name in the Nottingham settlement, and the genealogy of some of their descendants. 1864. 8vo, pp. 24.

Mr. Cope also furnished valuable material for the "Kirk," "Woodward," "Jackson," and "Palmer and Trimble" genealogies, and. also .prepared, in manuscript, an abstract of Friends' records in Chester .County, and in York and Adams Counties, of births, deaths, and marriages. These abstracts are contained in two folio and six quarto volumes in the library of the Historical Society of Pennsylvania.

Cyrus Sterne.

Sterne and McFarlan, of Chester County, Pa., and New Castle, Delaware. By Cyrus Sterne. Wilmington, Del.

This is a historic genealogy of the families of Sterne and McFarlan, now in course of preparation.

Lewis Palmer.

A Genealogical Record of the Descendants of John and Mary. Palmer, of Concord, Chester (now Delaware) Co., Pa. ; espeeially through tlieir son, John Palmer, Jr., and sons-in-law, William and James Trimble, with notes of ancestry conformation of many of the families with whom they intermarried. By Lewis Palmer. Illustrated with views, Portraits, and Autographs. Philadelphia: J. B. Lippincott & Co., 1873. 8vo, pp. 474.

This is a very complete and valuable genealogical work. Its author resides in Delaware County, but the volume contains the genealogical records of a great number of Chester County families.

Mrs. Sara Louisa Oberholtzer.

Violet Lee; and other Poems. By Mrs. S. L. Oberholtzer. .Philadelphia : J. B. Lippincott & Co., 1873. 12mo, pp. 143.

The author, a daughter of the late Paxson Vickers, resides near Cambria Station, Chester County. The poems in the volume are 'seventy-two in number, and evince poetic talent of no ordinary degree. Since their puhlication she has- written additional poems of great merit, among them the beautiful and appropriate dirge sung at :the burial of Bayard Taylor in Longwood Cemetery.

Capt. William Hemphill Bell.

The Quiddities of an Alaskan Trip. By W. H. Bell, Captain C.S., U.S.A. Portland, Oregon, 1873. Pp. 70.

Capt. Bell is a son of Hon. Thomas S. Bell, formerly president judge of the courts of Chester County, and also a judge of the Supreme Court. He is a graduate of West Point, and an officer in the :United States army. In 1873 he was stationed in Alaska, and this .volume is a humorous pictorial representation of his experience on his trip to his post: It contains sixty-one plates, from drawings made by himself, which show that he holds the pencil of a skillful and accomplished artist.

Kirk Family.

Historic Genealogy: of the Kirk Family, as established by Roger Kirk, who settled in Nottingham, Chester County, Province of Pennsylvania, about the year 1714. Containing impartial biographical sketches of his descendants, so far as ascertained;, also a record of two hundred and nine of the descendants of Alphonsus Kirk, who migrated from Lurgan, North Ireland, and settled in the county of New Castle, Delaware. By Charles H. Stubbs, M.D., Corresponding Member of the Maryland Academy of Science, etc. Lancaster, Pa., 1872. 8vo, pp. 252.

This volume contains the names of nearly twenty-five hundred of the descendants of Roger Kirk, and of two hundred and nine of the descendants of Alphonsus Kirk. It has been very carefully prepared, and is a valuable contribution to Pennsylvania historic-genealogical literature.

Watson W. Dewees.

A Brief History of Westtown Boarding School, with a general Catalogue of Offieers, Students, etc. Compiled chiefly from minutes of Committee in charge, and the Reeords preserved at the Institution. By Watson. W. Dewees. . 1872. 8vo, pp. 342.

Westtown Boarding-School is an institution for the education of the children of members of the Society of Friends. It was organized in 1799, and up to the date of the publication of this voluthe 4195 boys 'and 5370 'girls had received their education there. This history and record is interesting and valuable, not "only to those who have been teachers and scholars, and to members of the society, but to all who take an interest in historical inquiries and the cause of education.

Rebecca Conard

Poems. By a Friend. West Chester, Pa.: F. S. Hickman, Printer and Publisher, 1875. 12mo, pp. 130.

These poems are one hundred and one in number, and are of various length, from two to twenty stanzas. The author resided in West Chester, and was a sister of the late Jesse Conard, Esq. She died in 1S75, and the volume was published after her decease.

Abram D. Harlan.

Pennsylvania Constitutional Convention, 1872 and 1873; its members and officers, and the result of their labors. By A. D. Harlan, Second Assistant Clerk of the Convention. 1873. 12mo, pp. 176.

This volume contains a history of the convention, together with biographical sketches of all the members and officers, and the results of their labors.

Mary Ann Moore.

Musings of a Blind and Partially Deaf Girl. By Mary Ann Moore. Philadelphia: J. B. Lippinoott & Co., 1873. 12mo, pp. 144.

This volume contains seventy poems and fourteen articles in prose.

Howard Painter.

Vienna International Exhibition, 1873. Report on the Metallurgy of Lead, Silver, Copper; and Zinc. By Howard Painter, Honorary Commissioner of the United States. Washington : Government Printing-Office, 1875. Royal octavo, pp. 237, with plates and illustrations.

This is a learned and valuable report, the work of one well qualified for the task. . Mr. Painter was a native of West Chester, Pa., the son of Samuel and Ann V. Painter, and by profession a mining engineer. He died in 1876, at an Francisco, Cal., at the age of twenty-four years.

Frank H. Stauffer.

Toward Sunset, and Other Poems. " Mere amber beads at random strung " By Frank H. Stauffer, Author of " Dorjan the Scout," "Nameless Nan," Missionary Madge," " Fanchet the Fawn," " Sacrificing her Fortune," etc., etc. Philadelphia: J. B. Lippincott & Co., 1876. 12mo, pp. 123.

John Vanderslice.

Sketches of Travel Through Many Lands and Over Many Seas. By John Vanderslice. Printed by J. B. Lippincott & Co., Philadelphia, 1876. 8vo, pp. 324.

The author of this volume resides in Phoenixville, and has traveled 'extensively both in Europe and America. At the age of seventy-four years' he made a tour around the world which occupied seven months. This book describes his various travels.

Levi K. Brown.

An Account of the Meetings of the Society of Friends within the limits of Baltimore Yearly Meeting, time of holding the same, and means of access thereto. Illustrated by a Map showing the location of the different meetings. By Levi K. Brown, 1875. 16mo, pp. 64.

Mr. Brown was for many years a resident of Chester County, and the territory embraced within the limits of Baltimore Yearly Meeting includes a portion of Chester County.

John Luther Ringwalt.

1. American Encyclopaedia of Printing. Edited by J. Luther Ringwalt. Philadelphia, 1871. 8vo. Numerous illustrations.
2. The Diller Family. By J. Luther Ringwalt. 1877. Quarto, pp. 56.

Mr. Ringwalt, the author of these volumes, is a son of the late Col. Samuel Ringwalt, of Downingtown. "The Diller Family" is a very 'full and intcresting historic-genealogical account of the descendants of Caspar Diller, who emigrated to this country abont the, year 1729 -And settled in Lancaster Co., Pa. The family is now quite extensive, and many of its members have filled eminent positions both in church and State. The Ringwalt family of Chester County are descended from Caspar Diller.

Maj. Isaiah Price.

History of the Ninety-seventh Regiment Pennsylvania Volunteer Infantry during the War of the Rebellion, 1861-65, with biographical sketches of its field- and staff-officers, and a complete record of each officer and enlisted man. Prepared at the request of the Regiment by Isaiah Price, D.D.S., Major Ninety-seventh Penna. Vols., and Brevet Colonel U. S. Vols. illustrated with steel portrait, engravings, and wood-cuts. Philadelphia : published by the author for the subscribers, 1875. Royal 8vo, pp. 610.

This volume is without doubt by far the most complete regimental history ever prepared and published. The text contains a fullness of detail which leaves nothing more to be said of the operations of the regiment or of the personnel of its members. The work contains seven steel' portraits and sixty-three wood-cnts. Of the companies composing the regiment, seven were recruited in Chester County and three in Delaware County.

BIBLIOGRAPHY - 323

Jane W. Bruner.

Free Prisoners. A story of California life. By Jane W. Bruner. 12mo, pp. 258. Philadelphia : Claxton, Bemsen & Haffelfinger, 1877.

The author is ar native of Chester County, and the volume is dedicated to her friends in Downingtown.

Thomas Maxwell Potts.

1. A Short Biographical Sketch of Major James Potts, born 1752, died 1822. To which is appended copies of the most important papers relating to him, and two ancestral charts. By Thomas Maxwell Potts, Canonsburg, Pa. Printed privately by the author, 1877. 12mo, pp. 85.

This is an interesting biographical and genealogical work. The subject of it, Maj. James Potts, was a citizen of West Fallowfield (now Highland) township, Chester County. He was in the battles of Brandywine and Germantown, and in other engagements.

2. Bi-Centenary Memorial of Jeremiah Carter, who came to the Province of Pennsylvania in 1682, containing a Historic Genealogy of his Descendants down to the present time. By Thomas Maxwell Potts.

This work is (1881) in course of preparation, and will contain a very full pedigree of the descendants of one of the earliest English pioneers of Pennsylvania, with interesting incidents and biographical sketches. The volume will contain not less than 350 or 400 pages.

Samuel W. Pennypacker.

1. Annals of Phoenixville and its Vicinity, from the settlement to the year 1871, giving the origiu and growth of the Borough, with information concerning the adjacent townships of Chester and Montgomery Counties and the Valley of the Schuylkill. By Samuel Whitaker Pennypacker, Esq., Member of the Historical Society of Pennsylvania, Member of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia, and former President of the Law Academy of Philadelphia. 1872. Large 8vo, pp. 295, with maps and illustrations.
2. The Pennypacker Reunion, October 4, 1877. " Call to remembrance what acts our fathers did in their time."--Maccabees ii. 5. 8vo, pp. 51. Illustrated.

This is an interesting account of the reunion of the descendants of Heinrich and Eve Pannebecker, at Schwenksville, Pa., with the addresses delivered on the. occasion, and a historical sketch of the family by Samuel W. Pennypacker, Esq.

3. Abraham and Dirck Op Den Graeff. Published in the Penn Monthly, of Philadelphia, September, 1875. 8vo, pp. 14.

4. The Settlement of Germantown, and the causes which led to it. Read before the Historical Society of Pennsylvania, October 20, 1879, and published in the Pennsylvania Magazine for 1880. 8vo, pp. 41.

Philips Family.

Philips Family : Reunion and Names of Descendants. 1877. 12mo, pp. 62.

This volume contains an interesting account of the proceedings of a reunion of the Philips family, descendants of Joseph Philips, who came from Wales in 1755 and settled in Chester CoUnty, held at the Vincent Baptist church on May 30; 1877; and also a history of the family, and names of the descendants of the original settler, from 1755 to 1877. The living descendants are estimated to number about seventeen hundred.

Richard Darlington, Jr.

A Full Description of the Great Tornado in Chester County, Pa. By Richard Darlington, Jr., Principal of the Ercildoun Seminary, West Chester, Pa. 1877. 8vo, pp. 28.

This account was supplemented by Dr. Ezra Michener, in a pamphlet entitled "The Great Tornado. A Review, Critical and Suggestive, with Notes and References." By Ezra Michener, M.D. 1877. 8vo, pp. 22.

Jackson Family.

Jackson Family. Proceedings of the Sesqui-Centennial Gathering of the deseendants of Isaac and Ann Jackson, at Harmony Grove, Chester Co., Pa., Eighth Month Twenty-fifth, 1875. Together with the Family Genealogy. Philadelphia: published by the Committee for the Family, 1878. Royal octavo, pp. 371, illustrated.

This work is an elaborate historic-genealogical account of the descendants of Isaac and Ann Jackson, who settled in Londongrove township, Chester County, in the year 1725. The account of the proceedings at the sesqui-centennial gathering occupies sixty-eight pages, and contains a number of addresses and letters and much interesting information concerning the family. The genealogy occupies the remainder of the volume, over three hundred pages, and was compiled by Halliday Jackson, of West Goshen township, Chester County. The work is most thoroughly done, and the compiler deserves credit for the industry and skill he has displayed in its preparation. The arrangement is very complete, and a full and well-arranged index completes the work. It contains an account of over three thousand of the family.

Charlton T. Lewis.

John Albert Bengel's Gnomon of the New Testament; Pointing out, from the Natural Force of the Words, the Simplicity, Depth, Harmony, and Saving Power of its Divine Thoughts. A new translation, by Charlton T. Lewis, M.A., and Marvin R. Vincent, Professor in Troy University.. Philadelphia and New York, 1866. Two vols. Royal octavo, pp. 925, 980.

This book has been pirated in England, and republished with the names of two English clergymen on the title-page instead of Messrs. Lewis and Vincent. It appears there in three volumes octavo, and has passed through several editions.

2. A History of Germany from the Earliest Times. Founded on Dr. David Müller's " History of the German People." By Charlton T. Lewis. New York : Harper & Brother, Publishers, 1874. 8vo, pp. 799: Illustrated.
3. Harper's Latin Dictionary. A New Latiu Dictionary, founded on the Trans-, lation of Freund's Latin-German Lexicon. Edited by E. A. Andrews, LL.D. Revised, Enlarged, and in great part Rewritten by Charlton T. Lewis, Ph.D., and Charles Short, LL.D., Professor of Latin in Columbia. College, New York. Harper & Brothers, Publishers, 1879. Quarto, pp. 2019.

The whole of this dictionary was revised and rewritten by Charlton T. Lewis, except the first 216 pages, embracing the letter A, which was the work of Professor Short.

Mr. Lewis is a son of Hon. Joseph J. Lewis, of West Chester, Pa.

Mrs. Mary D. R. Boyd.

This author resides in Sadsbury township. The following books, written by her, were designed for the use of Sunday-schools, and are highly esteemed. Those numbered from one to twenty-six, inclusive, and also the thirtieth and thirty-second, were pnblished by the Board of Publication of the Presbyterian Church, Philadelphia, the twenty-seventh, twenty-eighth, and twenty-ninth by J. P. Skelly & Co., Philadelphia, and the thirty-first by the American Tract Society, New York. The years of publication are given with the titles :

1. Annie Lee, 1857; 2. Blind Ruth, 1857; 3. Hazleglen, 1857; 4. Christmas Eve, 1857 ; 5. Seventy Times Seven, 1857 ; 6. Charlie, 1857; 7. Little Bob True,. 1858; 8. Kind Words, 1859; 9. Who is My Neighbor ? 185.9 ; 10. Words of Wisdom, 1860 ; 11.- Johnny Wright, the Boy • Who Did Right, 1861; 12. Homes of the West, 1864; 13. The Five Gifts and Harry's Honest Pennies, 1864; 14. Country Sights and Sounds for Little Eyes and Ears, 1864; 15; Autumn Days, a Sequel to Country Sights and Sounds, 1864; 16. Bertie and His Beet Things, 1865 ; a series entitled Grandmamma's Pockets, seven in number, the initial letter of each title forming the word pockets, viz. : Persevering Dick, Our Little Fruit-Gatherers, Caring for God's Sparrows, Kitty's Knitting-Needles, Every Little Helps, The Will and The Way, and Seaside. Rambles, 1866 ; 24. Tim, the Collier-Boy, 1869 ; 25. I Rave and 0 Had I, 1869; 26. Sweet Herbs, 1869; 27. Stepping-Stones Over the Brook, 1869; 28. Barby's Shutrle, and What it Wrought, 1869; 29. The -Three Rules: The Iron Rule, The Rule of Self, and The Golden Rule, 1870; 30. Wat Adams, or the Young Machinist and His Old Proverbs, 1876; 31. Grace Ashleigh's Life-Work, 1877; 32. A Good Name a Goodly Heritage, 1879.

Fannie H. Bent.

This author is a native of Highland township, and is a daughter of David J. Bent, who was at one time a member of the Legislature of Pennsylvania from Chester County. She holds the pen of a ready and practiced writer, and her books, chiefly designed for the use of Sunday-schools, have had a wide circulation. They are twelve in number, and were published as follows:

By the Presbyterian Board of Publication : Sunbeam, and Other Stories, 1863 ; School-Days of Jennie Graham, 1863; Harold, 1866; Mabel Clarke, 1868; Out of the Dark, 1872 ; Now and Then, 1879; Five Women of England, 1881.

By the American Sunday-School Union: Talks About Adam and His Family, 1866; Trials and Triumphs, 1865; Guy Dennis, 1870; Locust Grove Stories, 1870.

By Garrigues & Brother: Uncle Sydney's Captain, 1875.

John R. Sweeney.

John R. Sweeney, a native of West Chester, is a noted and reputable composer of music, and has published a number of books of sacred music, some of them in connection with Others, of which the following are the titles:

1. Songs of tho Night. 1872. Pp. 24.
2. Goodly Pearls. 1875. Pp. 160.
3. The Gems of Praise. 1876. Pp. 176.
4. The Royal Fountain. 1877. Pp. 25.
5. The Garner. 1878. Pp. 120.
6. Joy to The World. 1879. Pp. 205.
7. The Quiver. 1880. Pp. 126.
8. The Royal Fountain, No. 2. 1880. Pp. 32.
9. Songs of Cheer. 1880. Pp. 15.
10. The Wells of Salvation. 1881. Pp. 160.
11. The Church Choir, a Book of Anthems. 1881. Pp. 280.

324 - HISTORY OF CHESTER COUNTY, PENNSYLVANIA.

Six of these works were prepared by Mr. Sweeney alone, and five in connection with other persons. Mr. Sweeney has been for many years professor of music in the Pennsylvania Military Academy, at Chester, Pa.

William Entriken Baily.

Modern Rhymes. By William Entriken Daily. Philadelphia : printed by J. B. Lippincott & Co., 1879. 12mo, pp. 104.

This rvolume contains twenty poems. They are meritorious productions, and show that the author, a young man, is endowed with the true poetic faculty.

Isaac D. Johnson, M.D.

1. Therapeutic Key ; or, Practical Guide for the Homoeopathic Treatment of Disease. New York and Philadelphia : Boericke & Tafel, 1879. 18mo, pp. 347.

This is designed as a work of ready reference for physicians of the homoeopathic school, or, as its title indicates, is a practical guide in the treatment of disease. It was first published in 1871, and contained 187 pages ; since then it has passed through ten editions, has been enlarged from time to time, and now contains 347 pages. The last edition contains valuable practical hints on diagnostics, a feature not in the previous editions. The work is popular with physicians of the homoeopathic school, for whom it was especially written.

2. A Guide to Homoeopathic Practice. Designed for the use of Families and Private Individuals. New York and Philadelphia: Boericke & Tafel, 1880. 8vo, pp. 494.

This work is written in a comprehensive manner, and by the aid of it the intelligent layman can prescribe successfully for many of the ordinary ailments of life. The work is highly commended by the profession, and has met a ready sale both in this country and in Europe.

Moses Mendenhall Augé

1. Lives of the Eminent Dead and Biographical Notices of Prominent Living Citizens of Montgomery County, Pa. By M. Aug& Published by the Author, Norristown, Pa.. 1879. 8vo, pp. 568.
2. Five Essays or Lectures on Some of the Great Questions of the Day, with sketch of the author and his ancestors. By M. Augé, Norristown, 1879. 8vo, pp. 56.

Joseph T. Rothrock, M.D.

1. Sketch of the Flora of Alaska. Published in the report of the Smithsonian Institution for 1867. Pp. 30.

2. Botany. Being the sixth volume of the United States Geographical Surveys west of the One Hundredth Meridian,. Lieut. George M. Wheeler, U. S. Engineers, in eharge, 1878. Quarto, pp. 404, with thirty plates and a frontispiece. This volume contains (described or enumerated) 1657 species of our far Western and Southwestern plants, representing 637 genera and 104 orders, besides 52 pages of physical geography and economic botany.
3. Catalogue of Trees and Shrubs Native of and Introduced in the Horticultural Gardens adjacent to Horticultural Hall, Fairmount Park, Philadelphia. 1880. 8vo, pp. 99.

This volume gives also a short statement of the character and uses of the trees and shrubs in the park.

4. Medical Botany of North America.

This work is (1881) in preparation, and will form an octavo volume of probably six hundred pages.

In addition to the foregoing works, Dr. Rothrock has published about six hundred pages in various medical, popular, and scientific periodicals of the country.

John Rutter.

The Culture and Diseases of the Peach. A complete treatise for the use of Peach Growers and Gardeners of Pennsylvania, and all districts affected by the "yellows" and other diseases of the tree. By John Rutter, West Chester, Pa., ex-President of the Chester County Horticultural Society, and Honorary Member of the Pennsylvania Fruit-Growers' Society. 1880. 8vo, pp. 100.

This is the work of one thoroughly qualified by experience for the task, and fruit-growers will do well to give heed to his advice and instructions.

Willis P. Hazard.

Annals of Philadelphia and Pennsylvania in the Olden Time ; or, Memoirs, Anecdotes, and Incidents of Philadelphia and its Inhabitants from the days of the Founders. By Willis P. Hazard. Philadelphia: J. M. Stoddart & Co., 1879. Royal oetavo, pp. 524. Profusely illustrated.

This forms the third volume of the work known as Watson's "Annals of Philadelphia and Pennsylvania." Watson's "Annals" was published some years since in two volumes, and a new edition being called for, the publishers requested Mr. Hazard " to prepare an ad ditional volume of similar character, which, in the light of later research, would eliminate certain facts, and by additions bring some portions down to a recent period; also make necessary eorrections of various things that either escaped Mr. Watson's notice, or which documents that were not then accessible have since proved to have been different." This third volume was accordingly prepared by Mr. Hazard, with a single index to the whole three volumes. The work is a valuable addition to Watson's " Annals," and contains a large amount of very interesting historical matter not contained in the original work. Mr. Hazard resides in East Bradford township, Chester County.

John Russell Young.

Around the World with General Grant. A narrative of the visit of General U. S. Grant, ex-President of the United States, to various countries in Europe, Asia, and Africa, in 1877, 1878, 1879. By John Russell Young. Published by the American News Company, New York. Two volumes. Royal octavo, pp. 1360, with eight hundred illustrations.

Isaac Sharpless.

1. The Elements of Plane and Solid Geometry, with chapters on Mensuration and Modern Geometry. By Isaac Sharpless, Professor of Mathematics in Haverford College, Pa. Philadelphia : Porter & Coates, 1879. 8vo, pp. 266.
2. The Elements of Geometry and Trigonometry, and a Treatise on Mensuraion, with Logarithmic Tables. By Isaac Sharpless. 8vo, pp. 386.
3. A New Edition of John Gummere's Surveying, Revised and Corrected, with Additional Matter. By Isaac Sharpless.

This is the most thorough and practical treatise on the subject published.

Thomas K. Brown.

Elementary Algebra. By Thomas K. Brown, of Westtown Boarding School. Philadelphia : Porter & Coates, 1879. Pp. 244.

George L. Maris, A.M.

The Normal English Grammar. A manual of analysis and parsing, for the use of schools and teachers. By George L. Maris, A.M., Principal of the West Chester State Normal School. West Chester, Pa., 1880. Square 18mo, pp. 112.

The author, in the preface, states that the work was prepared by him to meet the wants of his classes, and that the method adopted is one that he has used for several years to the entire satisfaction of his normal classes.

Prof. George G. Groff, M.D.

1. The Common Minerals, Ores, and Rocks of Chester County, Pa. Chart. Arranged for use in the schools of Chester County.
2. The Common Minerals and Ores of the States of Pennsylvania, New York, Delaware, and Maryland. Chart.
3. The Chemical Elements. Chart.
4. Geological Chart.
5. Plant Description.
6. Elements of Animal Physiology.
7. Elements of Mineralogy.
8. Elements of Agricultural Chemistry.
9. A Manual of Accidents and Emergencies.

Professor Groff is a native of Tredyffrin township, Chester County ; was for some years natural science professor in the West Chester State Normal School, and is now (1881) a professor in the university at Lewisburg, Pa.

Edwin A. Barber.

Mr. Barber has in course of preparation for early publication, a work to be entitled "Antiquity of the Tobacco-Pipe," a subject to which he has devoted much attention. The volume will be an octavo, illustrated, and contain from 250 to 300 pages.

Mr. Barber has published several valuable papers, among them the followiug : "Comparative Vocabulary of the Utah (Indian) Dialects," 1877; "Les Anciens Pueblos," published in French, 1877; and "Comparison of Pueblo Pottery with Egyptian and Grecian Ceramics," 1878.

The author is a son of William E. Barber, Esq., a member of the bar of Chester County.

Esther J. Trimble.

1. A Chart of General Literature, from the earliest times, embracing a complete outline of English Literature, with the prominent writers of other nations ; also a chart of Ancient Literature.' By E. J. Trimble, Instructor of Literature in Swarthmore College. Philadelphia : J. M. Stoddart & Co., 1875.

This chart is an outline history of universal literature. It presents at a glance the prominent facts in the history of literature throughout all ages, showing the different periods of intellectual development in different countries, the origin, growth, and decline of the various forms of literature, the prominent contemporary writers of all nations,