BIOGRAPHICAL AND GENEALOGICAL - 475 promising, and fearlessly outspoken when such a course was unpopular and even dangerous. His house was a resort of the leaders in the anti-slavery cause when they came to Chester County, and William Lloyd Garrison, Lucretia Mott, Theodore Parker, John G. Whittier, and others of distinction frequently visited him. ISAAC D. BARNARD, born at Chester, 1791, died at West Chester, 1834, the most distinguished of his name, and fourth in descent from the immigrant. He studied law at Chester with William Graham, Esq., and was admitted to the bar at West Chester, May 1, 1816. His legal studies had been interrupted by the breaking out of the war of 1812, and before he had completed his twenty-first year he received a captain's commission in the Fourteenth U. S. Infantry. He opened a recruiting rendezvous at West Chester, enlisted a large number of men and sent them to headquarters. In the autumn of 1812 he was transferred to Baltimore, where he remained until March, 1813, when he went with his regiment, under Col. Winder, by way of Philadelphia and New York, to Sackett's Harbor. He was present and behaved gallantly at Fort George. Winder's brigade was in the brunt of the action. Capt. Barnard was advanced to the rank of major, June 26, 1813. In the fight at La Cole's Mill he was stationed with his command to cover the artillery, and rendered important service in bringing off the more advanced piece after every man belonging to it had been shot down his horse was shot by his side. Maj. Barnard descended the St. Lawrence River with Wilkinson, but, owing to the extreme hardship of the service in the winter, he fell sick, and as he lay stretched on his back in a boat he heard the roar of the artillery during the battle of Chrysler's Farm. Afterwards he was quartered in a hut quite in advance of our post, in an Indian country, and exposed to marauding-parties of the British. He was with Izard's army at Plattsburg, where, in consequence of the death and captivity of his superior officers, the command of the corps devolved upon him, and for his conduct in that position he received the compliments of the commander-in-chief. He distinguished himself at the battle of Lyons' Creek, of which Gen. Izard said, " The Fourteenth charged the enemy in front. . . . Maj. Barnard greatly distinguished himself by the officer-like style in which he managed his battalion." Gen. Bissell's report said, " The gallant charge of the Fourteenth soon compelled the enemy to give ground. . . . The handsome manner in which Maj. Barnard brought his regiment into action deserves particular notice." While Maj. Barnard was conducting this charge, the line formed a slight curve to the rear, when he cried out, "Dress zip, my brave fellows! You're not afraid !" Whereupon they sprang forward with a bound and the curve was quickly reversed. The Marquis of Tweedale, who wag commanding the One Hundredth British Regiment, twelve hundred men, said during a visit to Philadelphia, after the peace, that he " would be glad to make the acquaintance of the young gentleman, Barnard, who had so gallantly driven him from his position at Lyons' Creek." After the peace, in 1815, Barnard again took up the law, although the War Department offered to continue him in the regular service. He commenced practice in connection with Archibald T. Dick, Esq., a relative. Mr. Dick, however, soon returned to Chester, while Barnard diligently applied himself to his profession in West Chester, where he established himself in the confidence and affections of the people. Said the late Dr. William Darlington of him, " The subsequent incidents of his life furnish evidences of popular favor without a parallel in this community." Within a year after his admission to the bar, Col. Cromwell Pearce, sheriff of the county, appointed Barnard as sheriff's counsel, and in the same year he was appointed deputy attorney-general for Chester County, a position which he filled for four years. Soon after he received the latter appointment, two of the oldest and ablest members of the bar, as counsel for the defendant in a criminal prosecution,—a case exciting unusual interest on account of the social standing of the defendant,—thinking young Barnard a " tender-foot," demanded of him to indorse on the bill of indictment the name of the prosecutor, saying that they knew that the prosecution was simply malicious, and that they intended to urge the jury to put the costs upon the prosecutor. Barnard refused to comply, whereupon the judge reminded him in these words: "The jury will have power over the costs in such a case as this." Barnard made no reply, but laid hold of the indictment and promptly wrote his own name thereon, and the case proceeded to trial with him as the prosecutor. His courage, boldness, and dauntless character greatly pleased the people, and in Octoher, 1820, he was elected to the Senate of Pennsylvania for the district composed of the counties of Chester and Delaware. He organized the " Republican Artillerists," and was instrumental in securing the monument and grounds at Paoli. He married, Nov. 30, 1820, Harriet, eldest daughter of Judge Isaac Darlington. In April, 1824, the Governor tendered him the office of president judge of the judicial district composed of Lancaster and Dauphin Counties, which he declined. About the same time he was elected major-general of the Third Division of the Pennsylvania militia, and as one of the military staff of the executive he was actively and agreeably employed in extending the hospitalities of the commonwealth to Gen. Lafayette. In October, 1825, he was elected a member of the 'William Penn Society, became solicitor to the Bank of Chester County, and also a member of the hoard of directors. In January, 1826, Governor Shulze appointed him Secretary of the Commonwealth. Shortly after this the Legislature of Pennsylvania elected him to the Senate of the United States, where he occupied a seat until the autumn of 1831, when his health declined to such a degree that he resigned. The New York papers of that day demanded for Barnard a seat in the cabinet. While yet in the Senate at Washington, in 1829, his friends in Pennsylvania were nearly successful in nominating him for Governor. He was defeated by a faction in Chester County, or, in the words of the late Dr. William Darlington, " by a sinister combination of' envious cliques." This was the 476 - HISTORY OF CHESTER COUNTY, PENNSYLVANIA. first reverse Barnard had ever met ; his whole course had been a brilliant march towards renown, but now his own county was divided, and, being of an exceedingly sensitive and highly nervous organization, he keenly felt the smart of' a temporary defeat. All he lacked of success was unanimity in Chester County. In July, 1832, he was complimented by being chosen an honorary member of the Peithessophian Society of Rut-gem College. His health rapidly deteriorated, and he died in West Chester, Feb. 18, 1834, in his forty-third year, and was buried in the Friends' graveyard, High Street, from whence his remains were removed to the Oaklands Cemetery, Oct. 19, 1854, where a monument to him had been erected. On the occasion of the interment at Oak-lands Dr. William Darlington delivered an oration, from which many of the above facts are gathered. The reinterment of Gen. Barnard was the occasion of a very imposing military pageant ; seven car-loads of troops from Philadelphia and companies from other places attended, which, together with the line of citizens, reached from the court-house to the cemetery. As a lawyer Gen. Barnard acquired a leading practice, notwithstanding the many interruptions of his professional life and the able competitors he had to measure with. An original trial-list for January term, 1826, still in good preservation, shows him to have been engaged in sixteen out of the thirty-six causes then ready for trial. JAMES DAY BARNARD, Esq., brother of Gen. Barnard, born at Chester, June 9, 1781, admitted to practice at the Chester County bar, Aug. 15, 1803, was the eldest son of James Barnard, Esq., sheriff of Delaware County ; died young, unmarried. VINCENT BARNARD, naturalist, botanist, ornithologist, entomorogist, taxidermist, mineralogist, artisan, and universal genius ; born in East Marlborough, Aug. 27, 1825 ; died at Kennet Square, April 25, 1871 ; eldest son of William Barnard, deceased. He married, first, Joanna Pennock, daughter of the late Moses Pennock, second, Sarah, daughter of Simon Martin, who survived him and died in Wilmington, Del., Feb. 22, 1881. In botany he was a protege of Dr. Darlington. Naturally fond of pursuing this study, he when a boy found a plant, the name of which neither he nor his friend, the teacher of the district school, could determine ; he was advised to show it to Dr. Darlington, the author of " Flora Cestrica." Ile said the doctor would not notice a boy like him, but upon being told that the sight of a flower with a request for its name would be a sufficient introduction he was reassured, and went to the Chester County Bank, of which the learned doctor was president. His own account of the interview, thus tremblingly sought, is as follows : " I went into the bank, and walking up to where the doctor was standing, gave him the plant and asked him to please to tell me its name. He looked at me for a moment, and asked me where I found it. He then took down from a shelf a book, from which he read me a full description of it. He then talked to me about plants just as though) he had always known me, and said to me that he would be pleased to assist me if I should meet with any difficulty in my studies." After this cordial relations were maintained hetween them through life. Among the students of the natural sciences Mr. Barnard was distinguished by a sort of intuitive faculty. He had not the advantages of the higher schools, yet he excelled the college-bred in many of the results and acquirements which he gained. During the winter months he attended the public school at Marlborough, and at other times worked assiduously on his father's farm near by. He early exhibited very marked traits of character, and his teachers often referred to him as worthy of imitation by his fellow-students. His father allowed him two or more rooms of the house for his collections of birds, insects, plants, birds' eggs, minerals, etc., and he employed his mornings and evenings in gathering and arranging specimens. Seldom a day passed without his acquiring some addition to his cabinet and museum, some insect, egg, animal, bird, fish, or plant, until he had accumulated a vast collection of birds shot and stuffed by his own hands, butterflies and insects artistically mounted. He actually began, as a boy, a classified description of the insects of his locality, giving many of them names of his own invention, and had progressed to a very considerable degree before he learned that others had preceded him in that branch of natural science, and at the age of sixteen years he had fairly founded his museum, containing over three thousand specimens of all kinds, which became the wonder of the country-side and attracted many visitors. He wrote an essay on entomology in 1848, describing four hundred and eighty specimens. He set out a botanical garden about his residence at Kennet Square, containing four hundred trees and shrubs. His very fine collection of birds, animals, plants, etc., were after his death purchased by Swarthmore College, where they are now preserved. Without any previous instruction he was a most thorough mechanic, and could make or repair any tool or machinery from a needle to an anchor, and from a watch to a locomotive. What no other mechanic could do Vincent Barnard would accomplish, and he was much resorted to to execute some piece of work or mechanism where specialists had failed. He was as pertinacious a questioner as Socrates, and pursued the acquisition of knowledge with a sort of impetuosity which no impediment could check. Dying at the early age of forty-six, a career of great usefulness and distinction was untimely cut off. Besides being a man of great mental force and physical vigor, he was of a most generous, genial, and noble disposition, modest deportment, and exemplary character. RICHARD BARNARD, son of Richard and Ann (Taylor) Barnard, of Newlin, married, 1, 3, 1754, Susanna, daughter of David and Winnifred Eckhoff, of the same township. After Susanna's death he married, 3, 16, 1763, Lettice Baker, daughter of Joseph and Mary, of Goshen, by whom he had ten children. Susanna left two children,-Jeremiah and Rachel, the latter of whom married Joseph Reynolds, of Nottingham. Jeremiah, born 12, 2, 1754, died 1, 27, 1837, married 10, 25, 1780, at Londongrove Meeting, Elizabeth Passmore, born 3, 13, 1759, died 10, 13, 1847, daughter of George and Margaret (Strode) Passmore, of West Marlborough. Their children were eleven in number, viz. : Susanna, b. 9, 25, 1781 ; m. Vincent Baily. Jeremiah, b. BIOGRAPHICAL AND GENEALOGICAL - 477 1, 20, 1783. George, b. 5, 1, 1785 ; d. 11, 23, 1841. Margaret, b. 9, 30, 1787. Richard, b. 11, 3, 1789 ; d. 1, 31, 1850. Mary, b. 1, 31, 1792 ; m. James M. Lewis. Samuel, b. 5, 13, 1794 ; d. 10, 1, 1826. Rachel, b. 8, 5, 1796. John, b. 11, 11, 1798 ; m. Hannah Painter, Lydia Ann Swayne, and Martha -. Elizabeth, b. 6, 26, 1801 ; m. Nathan Walton. Anna, b. 6, 9, 1803 ; m. Jacob L. Brinton. Jeremiah Barnard, r., married 4, 11, 1804, Abigail Pusey, born 4, 6, 1784, died 11, 1, 1876, daughter of Ellis and Abigail (Brinton) Pusey, of Londongrove, and had the following children : Ellis P., Joshua, James, Pusey, Elizabeth, Lydia, Philena, and Susanna P. Barnard. Of these, James was born in East Marlborough in 1808, and married, 12, 14, 1842, Mary Hicks, born 4, 24, 1818, daughter of Thomas and Amy Hicks, of Londongrove. They have had three children,-Jeremiah, Amy J. (died 1870), and Elizabeth H. Barnard. BARTRAM, JOHN, the earliest native American botanist, and the founder of the first botanical garden on this continent, was born near the village of Darby, in what was then Chester (now Delaware) County, Pa., 3d mo. 23, 1699. He was the eldest son of William Bartram and Elizabeth, daughter of James Hunt. His lot being cast in a newly-settled colony, his education was very defective. He, however, applied himself diligently to classical and philosophical studies, and always sought the society of the most learned and virtuous men. He had an early inclination to the study of physic and surgery. He acquired so much knowledge of medical science as to he of great service among his neighbors, and it is very probable that, as most of his medicines were derived from the vegetable kingdom, this circumstance might indicate the necessity of and his taste for the study of botany. He soon conceived the idea of establishing a " Botanic Garden" for the reception and cultivation of various indigenous vegetables, as well as of exotics; and also of traveling for the discovery and acquisition of rare and interesting species. In 1728 he purchased the ground on which his Botanic Garden was laid out and planted, five acres, situated on the right bank of the Schuylkill River, a couple of miles below the city of Philadelphia, as then limited.* Here he built with his own hands a comfortable house of hewn stone. The date of the building is given in an inscription on a stone in the wall, viz., "JOHN * ANN BARTRAM, 1731." His various excursions rewarded his labors with the possession of a great variety of new, beautiful, and useful trees, shrubs, and herbaceous plants. His garden at length attracting the visits and notice of distinguished persons, he was encouraged to persevere in his labors. He sought to benefit science, commerce, and the useful arts by communicating his discoveries and collections to the curious at home and abroad. Bartram became acquainted and entered into correspondence with many of the scientific and literary celeb- * The Bartram Garden is now the property of A. M. Eastwick, Esq., a gentleman who rightly appreciates the treasure, and whose good taste has induced him to restore the premises, as nearly as practicable, to the condition in which they were put and left by the venerable founder. rities of Europe,-such as Linnaeus, Dr. Fothergill, and others,-and was also engaged in an active correspondence with nearly every scientific contemporary in our country. He was indefatigable in his explorations of our forests and mountain regions, from the Catskills and great lakes down to the sandy lowlands and swamps of the South. A plant was dedicated to Bartram by Linnaeus, but it was subsequently merged in a genus previously established. Now a humble moss bears the name Bartramia, imposed by Hedwig. At the advanced age of nearly seventy years, John Bartram embarked at Philadelphia for Charleston, S. C.; from thence he proceeded by land through Carolina and Georgia to St. Augustine, in East Florida. When he arrived at the last-named place,-being then appointed king's botanist and naturalist for exploring the provinces, -he received orders to search for the sources of the great river San Juan (or St. John's). He was a man of modest and gentle manners, frank, cheerful, and of great good nature ; a lover of justice, truth, and charity. During the whole course of his life there was not a single instance of his engaging in a litigious contest. In his political principles he was a decided patriot, † and zealously testified against every description of human slavery. He was born and educated a Friend, but for some differences of opinion he was disowned by the society. John Bartram was twice married. His first wife was Mary, daughter of Richard Maris, of Chester Monthly Meeting. She died in 1727. His second wife was Ann Mendenhall, of Concord Monthly Meeting. They were married in 1729, and had nine children. Ann Bartram survived her husband upwards of six years, having died Jan. 29, 1784, aged eighty-seven. It appears by the records of the American Philosophical Society, of which John Bartram was one of the original members (his name standing next to that of Dr. Franklin, who headed the list), that he died Sept. 22, 1777, aged 78 years and 6 months. BAUGH, GEORGE.-The Baugh family is of German extraction, and the first of the name known in the county was John Baugh, who came to America about the middle of the last century. His son John married Mary Price, to whom were born eleven children,-four sons and seven daughters,-of whom the eldest was George. He was born Oct. 17, 1797, in what is now East Coventry township, and was married Dec. 2, 1819, to Catharine Frick (born Aug. 14, 1798), daughter of John and Catharine (Grumbacher) Frick. The fruits of this marriage were four children, viz. : Sarah Ann Jones, d. unmarried ; Caroline, m. John Ellis ; Allen Armstrong (deceased), m. Hannah, daughter of Michael Towers ; Harriet Reinhart (deceased), m. Dr. Edward B. Heckel. George Baugh died April 22, 1865, and his widow resides with her daughter, Mrs. Caroline B. Ellis. In his younger days Mr. Baugh was a merchant, and kept store in East Coventry, and subsequently was engaged in farming. He served many years as school director, and was a director in the old Pottstown Bank. He was a pronounced temperance man, taking great interest in that cause, and was equally noted for his opposition to American negro slavery. He often assisted colored people † Sabine classes John Bartram among the loyalists. 478 - HISTORY OF CHESTER COUNTY, PENNSYLVANIA. to gain their freedom by aiding them on their journeys to the Canadas and more northern climes. He was a local politician of much note, and was as much attached to the Republican party as he had been to the old Whig organization. He owned the fine farm on which his daughter, Mrs. Ellis, now resides, and on which he built the residence in 1829. He had the entire confidence of the community, settled many estates, and was a peace-maker in quieting wrangles and disturbances. He was educated in the German Baptist faith, and attended and helped to support that church. His daughter Caroline was married to John Ellis, son of James Ellis, June 14, 1853, from which union two children have been born,—Ida Catharine and George Baugh Ellis. BARTHOLOMEW.—These are said to be descended from the celebrated Barthelemi family of France, many of whom, having seceded from the Roman Catholic Church, emigrated to Great Britain in order to escape persecution. From England they came to Pennsylvania at an early day, and we find George Bartholomew, with his wife Jane, living at and owning the Blue Anchor tavern in Philadelphia in 1683. John Bartholomew, of Montgomery township, (now) Montgomery County, died in 1756, and Mary, his widow, about 1762. They had children,—Ann, m. Thomas Waters ; Joseph ; Thomas ; Elizabeth, m. Isaac Davis, Esq., of Tredyffrin ; Rachel, m. Benjamin Davis ; John ; Andrew ; Benjamin ; Mary, m. — Thomas ; Augustine ; and Edward. Joseph settled in East Whiteland soon after 1740, and died there in November, 1754, leaving a wife, Sarah, and children,—John, Benjamin, Hannah, and. Rachel. Their father's lands were divided between the sons, John receiving the homestead and 180 acres, while the remaining 160 acres was devised to his brother. But at the dawn of the Revolutionary war Benjamin spurned the idea of being the inglorious cultivator of an invaded soil. He marched, as captain of a company, to the tented field ; he fought gallantly and suffered much, yet Providence spared him to witness the happy termination of the contest, and ultimately restored him to his friends and paternal fields. Soon after the close of the Revolutionary war, Capt. Bartholomew married Rachel, daughter of William and Sarah (Potts) Dewees, and settled on his farm in the township of East Whiteland, located in the vicinity of his birthplace. On this farm were concentrated all his joys and all his toils. The industry for which he was conspicuous in every pursuit of life was in no situation more fully exemplified than in his agricultural occupations. The appearance of his farm and his stock, the harmony which pervaded his household, his excellent arrangements, all combined to bring to recollection the elegant exclamation of the prince of Roman poets : "0 fortunatos nimium, sua si bona norint, A gricolas !" Capt. Bartholomew did know and did realize the happiness of a farmer's life. No inducements were sufficiently powerful to withdraw his attention from agricultural pursuits. From 1772 to 1775, inclusive, he served as a member of Assembly, and he was repeatedly solicited in afterlife, by those who were best acquainted with his capacity for business, to accept a public trust; but this he uniformly refused. On a particular occasion he was requested to BIOGRAPHICAL AND GENEALOGICAL - 479 assign his reasons for declining a public station. He replied, " Many are fond of public employment, and are totally regardless where the theatre of action may be. I should not refuse my services if required on a public exigency, but until that shall exist I must be permitted to remain with my family on this farm ; each requires my attention, and each possesses my regard." His family embraced the following children : Joseph, who married Hannah Davis, and died in Tredyffrin in 1811; Hannah, who married John Hughes; Sarah ; John, who married Lydia Cleaver ; Rachel, who married Thomas Davis ; Marian (Maryanne), who died unmarried ; Edward, who married Emily Cleaver ; Augustine, who married Maryanne Philips ; Benjamin, who married Elizabeth Pritner ; and Ellen, who became the wife of Thomas Maxwell. Capt. Bartholomew was a plain, blunt man, and freely spoke his mind. He died on his well-cultivated farm March 31, 1812, aged sixty years. His remains are deposited in the cemetery of the Baptist Church, Tredyffrin. John Bartholomew, Esq., was the brother of Capt. Benjamin Bartholomew, and was educated for mercantile pursuits, but, preferring agriculture, he early settled on his paternal estate in East Whiteland. He served as major of the Chester County regiment of the Flying Camp in 1775, and in after-life attained to the rank of colonel and brigadier general of militia. He was also a justice of the peace, and of the County Court. In the burial-ground of the Great Valley Baptist Church a monument was erected to his memory, from which it appears he died Jan. 24, 1814, in the sixty.sixth year of his age. Thomas Bartholomew, a brother of John (1), probably settled in Willistown after the year 1756. He married Margaret -, but left no children. He died before Dec. 3, 1765 ; his wife died in December or January, 1776-7. Benjamin Bartholomew, of Chester borough, gentleman, died in 1784, leaving a considerable estate to his relatives, including the children of his hrother Joseph and sister, Elizabeth Davis. BEALE, WILLIAM, son of Thomas and Catharine, of Caine, in Wiltshire, England, was born near Caine, Aug. 14, 1709, and about the year 1728 or 1730 came to Pennsylvania. He settled in the Great Valley, in Whiteland, on the farm now Preston Thomas' clover-mill property, his lands including a part of what is now Thomas Downing's farm. His first wife was Mary Jenkin, born April 9, 1715, died Aug. 25, 1771, daughter of David Jenkin, who died in Uwchlan in 1743. William Beale, with his wife and children, were received into membership at Uwchlan Meeting 3, 21, 1750. He was married again, 3, 23, 1774, at Caln Meeting, to Rachel Lewis, widow of Phinehas Lewis, of East Caln. The children of William Beale were,-1. Thomas, b. Aug. 6, 1735 ; d. June 30, 1803, in Tuscarora Valley, where he settled in 1763. He was one of the judges of Mifflin County, and a prominent man in his day. His wife was probably Sarah Todhunter. 2. William, b. Dec. 24, 1738 ; d. after 1800. 3. John, b. Dec. 12, 1740 ; d. Jan. 25, 1777, a soldier under Lafayette ; m. about 1764 Tamar Burgoyne, daughter of Joseph Burgoyne, of East Bradford. 4. Susanna, b. Dec. 16, 1742, m. about 1763 Noble Butler, Jr., and died in Kentucky after 1803. 5. David, b. June 20, 1745 ; d. Feb. 6, 1828, at his home in Beale township, Juniata Co., Pa. ; he was a prominent man in political affairs, and for many years associate judge in Mifflin County. 6. Mary, b. Oct. 8, 1747 ; m. 5, 21, 1772, to Samuel Hunt, of East Caln, now Downingtown ; d. 9, 24, 1820. 7. Joshua, b. Nov. 19, 1749 ; lost at sea in a voyage from the East Indies, 1787. 8. Edith, b. June 13, 1752 ; m. 2, 24, 1779, to Phinehas Whitaker, of East Caln. William Beale died 11, 27, 1800, in West Whiteland, and was buried by the side of his first wife, on a portion of his farm now belonging to Thomas Downing. Besides his property in this county he owned large tracts of land in the Tuscarora Valley, on which he settled his sons. John and Tamar Beale left a daughter, Mary, who married, 10, 14, 1790, Anthony Gray, of East Bradford ; also a son, Joseph, who was placed by his grandfather as an apprentice with Benaniel Ogden, cabinet-maker, near West Chester, after which he went to Philadelphia and became an extensive manufacturer of furniture in the firm of Beale & Jemison. His son, James M. Beale, came to Chester County in 1830, and died at his residence near Coatesville Jan. 1, 1881. Horace A. Beale, iron-master, of Parkes-burg, is also a son of Joseph, and another is Joseph Beale, late surgeon-general in the U. S. navy, now on the retired list by reason of age. Their mother was Margaret, daughter of Capt. James McDowell, of Upper Oxford. BELL, HON. THOMAS S., son of William and Jane (Sloan) Bell, was born in Philadelphia, Oct. 22, 1800 ; studied law under the direction of James Madison Porter, and was admitted to the Philadelphia bar April 14, 1821, several months before he was of age. In May of that year he removed to West Chester, the seat of justice of Chester County. He was entirely unknown in the community in which he settled, and for a time struggled for a livelihood, but his active mind, fluent elocution, and legal knowledge speedily gained for him a prominent position in the profession. On the election of Gov. Shulze, in 1823, he was appointed deputy attorney-general for Chester County, and held that office from December, 1823, until August, 1828. In 1829 he was appointed one of the visitors of the Military Academy at West Point, and in that capacity acted as chairman of one of the committees to report on the state of that institution. He continued in the uninterrupted pursuit of his profession until May, 1837, when he became a member of the convention to revise the constitution of the State, as a delegate from the senatorial district composed of the counties of Chester and Montgomery. In October, 1838, he was returned as a member-elect to the State Senate from the same district, and took a leading part in the difficulties which distinguished the beginning of that session, commonly called the " Buckshot War." Owing to alleged errors in the returns, his seat was contested, and awarded to his competitor, Nathaniel Brooke. May 16, 1839, he was appointed by Governor Porter to succeed Judge Darlington as president judge of the ju- 480 - HISTORY OF CHESTER COUNTY, PENNSYLVANIA. dicial district composed of the counties of Chester and Delaware, the duties of which office he discharged with ability and impartiality until Nov. 18, 1846, when he was appointed by Governor Shunk a judge of the Supreme Court of Pennsylvania. This position he held until Dec. 1, 1851, when the tenure of office was changed by the constitution. He was also, from March, 1855, until December of the same year, president judge of the judicial district composed of the counties of Wayne, Pike, Carbon, and Monroe, to which he was appointed by Governor Pollock. He represented Chester and Delaware Counties in the State Senate in 1858,1859, and 1860. In every position in which it was his fortune to be placed he acquitted himself with great credit. As a lawyer he was learned, faithful, and diligent. In his intercourse with the bench and the bar he was uniformly courteous and honorable. He had a mind remarkably quick of comprehension, mastering his subject almost by intuition, and there were few more ready men in debate. He was a very fluent speaker, and a clear and forcible writer. Judge Bell was twice married,—first to Caroline, a daughter of Judge Darlington, and afterwards to Keziah, a daughter of William Hemphill, Esq. His second wife was a granddaughter of Col. Joseph McClellan, a veteran soldier of the Revolutionary war. Judge Bell died in Philadelphia, June 6, 1861, at the residence of his daughter (the accomplished wife of Dr. Godell, late of Constantinople), and was interred in the Oaklands Cemetery, near West Chester. LIEUT.-COL. THOMAS S. BELL was born at West Chester, Pa., May 12, 1838. He was the third son of Hon. Thomas S. Bell ; was also a lineal descendant of Col. Joseph McClellan, who was distinguished in the Revolution as a brave, active, and vigilant officer, and who during a long life was held in high estimation by his fellow-citizens. Col. Bell's education was chiefly acquired at the West Chester Academy. In the juvenile exercises at that classical seminary he gave brilliant indications of the genius that was then in process of development ; and on all subsequent occasions manifested a graceful power of oratory, even surpassing the rich and rapid eloquence for which his father was distinguished. He studied the law under the direction of his father, and was admitted to the bar of Chester County at the April term, 1859. March 11, 1858, he was commissioned aide-de-camp to the major-general of the Third Division of the uniformed militia of Chester and Delaware Counties, and Oct. 3, 1859, he was appointed paymaster of the same division, with the rank of major. May 20, 1859, he was appointed by Governor Packer a notary public for Chester County, and at the general election in October, 1860, he was one of the candidates of the Democratic party for the State Legislature. In the spring of 1861, while hopefully engaged in the business of his profession, a call was made by the President of the United States for volunteers. Mr. Bell was among the foremost to respond to the call, and was a lieutenant in the first company that marched from his native town. He was appointed adjutant of the Ninth Pennsylvania Regiment of three months' volunteers, and held that position during their term of service. He was then commissioned by Governor Curtin lieutenant-colonel of the Fifty-first Regiment of Pennsylvania Volunteers, commanded by Col. Hartranft. At Roanoke Island Col. Bell had command of part of the regiment, and his gallant conduct is said by those familiar with the details to have aided much in the success of our arms. At Newbern he had command of the entire regiment. He was ordered to charge the enemy's batteries, which he did, took the first battery, and was the first man to mount it. At Camden he had command of the brigade to which his regiment belonged, which on that occasion was foremost and led the charge. In all these and other engagements he distinguished himself by his skill and bravery. When the One Hundred and Twenty-fourth Pennsylvania Regiment—composed largely of Chester County volunteers—was formed, Lieut.-Col. Bell was named for colonel, but the order of the War Department relative to officers changing their positions prevented his acceptance of the honor. He was killed at the battle of Antietam, after the desperate charge upon and capture of the stone bridge, being struck with a grape-shot in the back part of the head, and fell mortally wounded, Sept. 17, 1862. He was taken to a farm-house in the vicinity, and died about five o'clock of the same day. He had won the attachment of his superior officers and of the entire regiment, and his loss was deeply felt. His remains were brought to his home at West Chester, and interred by the side of his mother, in the Oaklands Cemetery, where it was his expressed wish to be laid. Col. Bell possessed a fine form and features, and looked, as he was, every inch a soldier. His disposition was most amiable, and he was in the highest sense of the term a Christian. He was a member of the Protestant Episcopal Church. BENNETT.—The earliest record of this family is obtained from an old Bible which was brought over by the emigrant ancestors of the present generation. The entries are as follows : " Baptised was John Bonn of Edward and Alis Bennet the 14 day of May 1626. " Was Baptised Margery the Daughter of Oliver and Mary ffello 14 August 1628. "Married were John Bennet and Margery ffello the 10 of ffebruaiy 1650. "Ann thare Daughter was Baptised the 8 day of April, 1654. " Baptised was John the sonn of John and Margery Bennet the 20 January 1656. "Baptised was Edward Bennet the son of John and Margery Bennet the 14 October 1659. " Baptised was Mary the Daughter of John and Margery Bennet 16 of October 1663. " Margery Bennet the 16 day of January 1665 but was borne the 25 of December." John Bennet, son of John Bennet, of Overly, in the county of Worcester, England, and Ann Brinton, daughter of William Brinton, of Nether Gowrnal, in the parish of Sedgley and county of Stafford, were married 4, 18, 1684, at a meeting at Stourbridge, in Staffordshire. John and his brother Edward doubtless came to Pennsylvania soon after this date, and John was appointed constable of Birmingham township 10th month, 1686. He settled at first on land of BIOGRAPHICAL AND GENEALOGICAL - 481 his father-in-law, William Brinton, but in 1696 purchased 500 acres adjoining on the north, the deeds for which are now in possession of his great-great-grandson of the same name. John Bennett died in 1709, leaving four children, -William, Olive (married to William Pyle), John, and Ann (married to Joseph England). Of these, John married, 7, 17, 1719, Sarah Maris, daughter of John Maris, of Springfield, by whom he had the following children : 1. John, m. Hannah Seal, who died with all her children, and he next m. Ruth Way, 12, 18, 1754, daughter of Jacoh and Sarah Way, and among their children were Jacob, the father of John, now on the original tract, and Titus Bennett, the bookseller, and author of " Bennett's Arithmetic," b. 8, 10, 1768 ; d. 6, 27, 1841. 2. William, m. Martha Jefferis and went to Anne Arundel Co., Md., where they died, leaving several children. Three of their sons came to live with their relatives in Chester County, viz. : William, who m. Alice Hoopes and lived on the western edge of West Chester ; James, who m. her sister, Hannah Hoopes ; and Silas, who m. Abigail Woodward. 3. Titus, b. 8, 12, 1732 ; d. 12, 2, 1825. 4. James, b. 9, 10, 1734; d. 3, 24, 1825 ; m. 12, 23, 1761, Hannah Gilpin, and settled in Pennsbury. They were the parents of Isaac Bennett, father of Gilpin Bennett ; also of Mary, who m. Cheyney Jefferis, of East Bradford. EDWARD BENNETT, son of John and Margery, was married early in 1687 to Margery Willis, and settled in Thorn-bury. She left three children,-John, b. March 10, 16889 ; Jacob, b. May 10, 1691 ; and Hesther (Esther), b. September, 1694 (m. to Moses Waite). Edward married, in 1697, Sarah Clues, widow, daughter of Francis Stanfield, by whom he had Edward, b. May 22, 1699 ; Sarah, h. April 1, 1701 ; (m. Thomas Yeatman), Joseph, b. Sept. 29, 1704 ; William, b. Dec. 23, 1705 ; and Elizabeth. Joseph Bennett married, 3, 20, 1724, Rebecca Fincher, born 9, 6, 1708, in Uwchlan, daughter of John and Martha Fincher. They removed to York County, where they both died in 1757, leaving several children, of whom a daughter, Hannah, married William Kersey, and was the mother of Jesse Kersey. Edward Bennett, in his will, 1, 25, 1714, gave to his son John " a great bible that did belong to my father, John Bennet." This Bible passed from this legatee to his son Edward, whose daughter Amy became the wife of Henry Jefferis. Richard Worth married the daughter of Bennett Jefferis, son of Henry, and the Bible is now in possession of his daughter. JAMES BENNETT, of Middletown and Aston, born about 1709, died May 26, 1760, and was buried at St. John's Episcopal church in Concord. His first wife was Elizabeth Albin, sister of James, of West Marlborough. She died May 23, 1748, and he married (second) Mary Hill, widow of William, and daughter of John Hunter, of Newtown. His daughter Mary married Isaac Yarnall, of Edgmont, and from this source have come the Christian names of Bennett and Albin in the Yarnall and Smedley families. BENNER, PHILIP, son of Henry, was born on the northern or German side of Chester County in the year 1762, and was one of the most efficient business men the county has produced. His father was an active Whig of - 61 - the Revolution, was captured by the enemy, and personally learned the interior economy of a British prison. Philip, then a youth, took up arms under Gen. Wayne, his relative and neighbor. When he went forth to the field his patriotic mother quilted in the back of his vest several guineas, as a provision in case he should be taken prisoner. After the war he became a successful manufacturer of iron at Coventry Forge, in Chester County. He afterwards removed to Centre County, where he was one of the early settlers, and became distinguished for the manufacture of Juniata iron. He held the rank of major-general in the militia of Pennsylvania, and was twice an elector of President of the United States. The borough of Bellefonte bears testimony to his enterprise and liberality. He was remarkable for his industry, enterprise, generosity, and open-hearted hospitality ; his home was the abode of a happy family. He died July 27, 1832, aged seventy years. BEVERLY, SAMUEL, from the north of Ireland, brought a certificate from Friends of Ballynacree and presented it to New Garden Monthly Meeting, 12, 9, 1722-3. He was accompanied by his wife Jane and children William and Mary. They settled in East Marlborough, north of Kennet Square. William Beverly married Mary Miller in 1730, and dying before his father, left a son, Samuel, who in 1753 married Ruth Jackson, daughter of Samuel Jackson, of East Marlhorough. Mary Beverly, daughter of this last marriage, became the wife of William Gause and the mother of Jonathan Gause. BISHOP, JOAQUIM, of Sugartown, Willistown township, is a refiner and melter of platinum, and manufacturer of crucibles, evaporating dishes, ignition tubes, etc. He was born in Portugal in 1806, where his father, an Englishman, was temporarily living, and was director of the Royal Fabrics. He left Portugal on account of the French war, and came to Baltimore in 1810 ; the next year he removed to Philadelphia. In 1826 he served an apprenticeship to the jewelry business, and that failing he went to a brass-foundry and worked as a finisher. In 1832 he hired at the University of Pennsylvania as assistant to Dr. Robert Hare, Professor of Chemistry, and worked as instrument-maker. In 1839 he left there and commenced business as a philosophical instrument-maker in Philadelphia. Being there urged by some of his friends to try the platinum-work, he carried it on with his other business. In 1845 he drew the first premium at the exhibition of the Franklin Institute for platinum-work done in this country. In 1858, his health failing, he removed his business to Radnor, Delaware Co. His property being near Bryn Mawr and becoming more valuable, he sold it, and in 1865 came to his present place. Here he bought forty-three acres, remodeled the dwelling, and built his manufactory. In 1876 he was the only exhibitor of platinum-work in this country at the Centennial Exposition, for which he received a medal and diplomas, since which time his business has largely increased. His place of business is six miles from West Chester, and three from Berwyn Station, on the Pennsylvania Railroad. He finds a market for his work all over the United States, Canadas, and often ships to Europe. He is the only actual refiner of and dealer in platinum in America. His only 482 - HISTORY OF CHESTER COUNTY, PENNSYLVANIA. JOAQUIM BISHOP. education was acquired during his working hours from reading and studying by himself. He married, July 5, 1832, Margaret Cruse, of Philadelphia, by whom he had four children,—Mary, married to John Zimmerling ; Samuel C., Thomas; and James. Thomas died at Chattanooga, in the service of the United States, during the Rebellion, and in the same war James was wounded at Fredericksburg and died in Lihby Prison. Mr. Bishop was the second time married, July 1, 1847, to Susanna O'Neill, of this county, by whom he had four daughters,—Angelica, married to Wilson M. Matlack ; Sally II., to George Entriken ; Laura J., to John Entriken ; and Clara F., to Baker Wier. Mr. Bishop is extensively known throughout the Union and Canadas, especially by scientific people, with whom, as with the leading colleges, he is by his business largely brought into association. BIZALLION, PIERRE, or PETER, was a French Indian trader, and one of the most noted in the province. He established himself at various points, and penetrated the distant wilderness to barter with the natives for their furs. About the year 1724 he settled down on a farm inn the valley, a short distance east of Coatesville, where he died in 1742. He names eight slaves in his will, and his personal property was appraised at £573. His widow, Martha, gave the land, 158 acres (which had been patented to them in 1740), to her nephew, John Hart, by deed of Dec. 22, 1762. BINGAMAN, FREDERICK, from Germany, settled in Chester County, and married a daughter of Garret Brown-back, by whom he had children,-1. John, who went to Virginia ; 2. Frederick, who served in the army of the Revolution in a rifle company whose trimmings were colored with maple-bark ; 3. Garret, who was drafted, but his brother Frederick went in his stead, having been out before ; 4. Mary. Frederick, Jr., married Elizabeth, daughter of Cassimir Missimer, of Montgomery County, and resided there for some time. He died in 1832, and she ahout a year afterwards ; both were buried at Brownback's church. They had two children,—John, born Sept. 23, 1783, and Mary, who married Jacob Aman. John married, Feb. 21, 1809, Mary, daughter of Judge John Ralston, born May 4, 1787, and resided in Coventry. He died Dec. 4, 1825, aged forty-two years, and his widow married Henry Rimby, whom she survives, at the age of ninety-four years. The children of John Bingaman were Joshua, Eliza, John Ralston, Frederick, Robert, William, and Levi. LEVI BINGAMAN was born Oct. 21, 1824, in Coventry township, opposite the house in which he now resides. His father kept the " Rising Sun Inn," an ancient hostelry of Coventry, dating back to` or beyond the Revolution. Frederick (John's father) also kept the same inn, and the buildings are now occupied by Levi, their son and grandson. John kept the inn until Sept. 11, 1817, when, being conveikentitg, he cut down his sign and quit keeping public-house. Levi was raised on the farm until his fifteenth year, and attended the summer schools. He then clerked in Robert Ralston's store in West Vincent for eight years, after which he was in the mercantile trade for twelve years where he now lives. He was married, Jan. 24, 1850, to Mary Ann, daughter of Henry and Margaret (Sheneman) Mosteller, of West Vincent. She was of a family of eight sons and three daughters, all living and all married but two. Levi and his wife have had ten children, of whom three are living,—Howard, Samuel, and Levi Arthur. BIOGRAPHICAL AND GENEALOGICAL - 483 After selling out his store at home, Levi was in the iron business in Jersey City for two years, until the breaking out of the war. He then returned home and operated for two years the Coventry Forge, and since then has been working his farm of one hundred and ninety acres. He was a school director a long time, and has been for eleven years an agent, surveyor, and receiver of the Mutual Fire Insurance Company of Chester County. He is a Republican in politics, a member of the Methodist Episcopal Church, of which he is a trustee, and has been superintendent of the Sunday-school. He is the inventor of an improvement in apparatus for transmitting motion (No. 154,008, issued July 6, 1874), which is of great value, and is now in successful use in the oil regions of New York and Pennsylvania. BLAIR, REV. SAMUEL, was born in Ulster, Ireland, June 14, 1712. He came to America while quite young, and received his education at the celebrated Log College, at Neshaminy, Bucks Co., Pa., under the Rev. William Tennent. Nov. 9, 1733, he was licensed as a Presbyterian minister by the Presbytery of Philadelphia. In 1739 he became pastor of the Presbyterian congregation at Fagg's Manor, in Londonderry township, Chester Co. Soon after his settlement there he established a classical school, which had particular reference to the study of theology as a science. From this school there came forth many distinguished pupils, who did honor to their instructor, both as scholars and Christian ministers. Samuel Blair was above the middle stature, comely and well set, with a clear understanding, quick apprehension, prompt elocution, solid judgment, and tenacious memory. He was esteemed one of the most able, learned, and excellent men of his day a profound divine and scholar, and an eloquent and impressive preacher. He was a man of weight in judicatories, and a prominent actor in those scenes which in his day agitated, and for a time divided, the Presbyterian Church. He co-operated with and ranked high in what was called the " New Side" party. He died July 5, 1751, at the age of thirty-nine years, and was interred in the Fagg's Manor burial-ground. He left a son, Samuel, and several daughters, who respectively married Rev. George Duffield, David Rice, of Kentucky, John Carmichael, of Brandywine Manor, and William Foster, of Upper Octorara. Among their descendants are many men of eminence. REV. JOHN BLAIR was a younger brother of Rev. Samuel Blair, and was born in Ulster, Ireland, in the year 1720. He was also an alumnus of the " Log College," at Neshaminy, and a pupil of the elder William Tennent. He was ordained Dec. 27, 1742, pastor of three churches in Cumberland Co., Pa. He resigned this charge Dec. 28, 1748, and was without a settlement until 1757, when he succeeded his brother Samuel at Fagg's Manor, both as pastor of the church and head of the school. In this latter capacity he assisted in the preparation of many young men for the ministry. In 1767 he was chosen Professor of Divinity and Moral Philosophy in the College of New Jersey, and removed to Princeton. He was also vice-president of the college, and officiated as president until the arrival from Scotland of Dr. Witherspoon, who had been elected to the presidency. He resigned his professorship in 1769, and was pastor of a congregation in Orange Co., N. Y., until his death, Dec. 8, 1771. His disposition was placid, benevolent, and cheerful, and as a theologian he was equal to any man in the Presbyterian Church in his day. REV. SAMUEL BLAIR, D.D., was born in Fagg's Manor, Chester Co., in 1741. He was the son of Rev. Samuel Blair, then pastor of the Presbyterian Church, and principal of the school at that place. He was graduated at the College of New Jersey in 1760, and afterwards served as tutor there from 1761 to 1764. He was licensed to preach by the Presbytery of New Castle in 1764. He was popular as a preacher from his first appearance in the pulpit, was considered a young man of fine talents, and one of the most accomplished and promising young ministers in the Presbyterian Church. The estimation in which he was held may be learned from the fact that at the age of twenty-six he was elected president of the College of New Jersey with entire unanimity. He declined the honor upon learning that Dr. Witherspoon, who had been previously elected and had declined, would, if the call were repeated, accept the office. In November, 1766, he became pastor of the Old South Church, in Boston, as colleague of Dr. Sewell, which charge he resigned in 1769, and took up his residence in Germantown, Pa. He afterwards served two years as chaplain in Congress. The latter years of his life he spent in retirement and devotion to his books. His wife was a daughter of the elder William Shippen, M.D., an eminent physician of Philadelphia. He received the degree of Doctor of Divinity from the 484 - HISTORY OF CHESTER COUNTY, PENNSYLVANIA. University of Pennsylvania in 1790, and died in September, 1818, in the seventy-seventh year of his age. REV. JOHN BLAIR was the son of Rev. John Blair, and was born at Fagg's Manor, Chester Co., Oct. 15, 1759. He was graduated at the College of New Jersey in 1775. After his graduation at the college he took charge of an academy in Hanover, Va. He was licensed as a Presbyterian minister in 1785, and took charge of a congregation in the same place. He subsequently removed to Richmond, built up a church there, and became intimate with her most intelligent citizens, among whom were Judges Marshall and Washington, who were very partial to his company. He was a gentleman of polished manners and fond of intelligent and refined society, and always formed a weleome member of such circles. He had a musical voice, a polished style and manner of delivery, and was very popular as a preacher. He was esteemed a man of rare accomplishments and many virtues. He died in January, 1823. BOLMAR, ANTHONY (or, as the name in full was written, Jean Claude Antoine Brunin de Bolmar) was born in 1797, at Bourhon Laney, a small town of France, department of Saône-et-Loire, in Lower Burgundy. He entered in 1810 the Imperial Lyceum of Clermont-Ferrand, where he remained until after the downfall of Napoleon I. In 1816 he went to the city of Lyons to learn the silk business, and commenced an apprenticeship under the Messrs. Cordier & Co. But in 1818, when Anthony Bolmar was approaching the age of twenty-one, and would have to draw his lot in the class of conscripts for 1819, he enlisted in the army, in order to secure to himself the privilege of choosing the regiment in which he preferred to serve. He selected the Sixth Regiment of Hussars, then commanded by a Lyonnais, the Comte de Pernollet. When war broke out between France and Spain in 1822, the Sixth Hussars made the campaign under the leadership of the Due d'Angouleme. Mr. Bolmar was at this time the brigade-fourrier (quartermaster) of the First Squadron, but had little military duty to perform, because he was more particularly attached to the office of accounts of his regiment. After six years of military service Mr. Bolmar re-entered civil life. In the year 1826 or 1827 he went to Switzerland, and traveled northward as far as Ostend, from whence he proceeded to England and Scotland, and early in 1828 came to the United States, taking up his residence in Philadelphia. On his arrival he turned his attention to the business of education, especially to the instruction of young gentlemen in the language of France. He also revised and edited several school-books adapted to tuition in that language. When the Asiatic cholera made its appearance in Philadelphia, in 1832, Mr. Bolmar retired to the borough of West Chester to prosecute his labors on the school-books, and was so much pleased with the rural village that he inclined to remain after the fearful epidemic had left the city. About this time he married an accomplished American lady, and in 1834 was prevailed upon to take charge of the West Chester Academy. While in the full tide of this academic career he was induced to purchase a noble establishment in West Chester, which had been erected expressly for a boarding-school, and of which he took possession in 1840.. He continued to conduct the establishment with signal ability until 1859, when some husiness concerns required his presence in France. The seminary was closed during his visit to his native land ; and although he attempted to reopen the school after his return, his shattered health, which had been sensibly declining for a considerable time, prevented its accomplishment. He departed this life on Feb. 27, 1861, aged sixty-four years, leaving a widow and six children. Anthony Bolmar was a public-spirited man, and did much for the cause of education and for the material prosperity of the borough of West Chester. BOND, SAMUEL, son of Joseph Bond, of Bristol, Bucks Co., married, 4, 29, 1749, Thomazin Downing, daughter of Thomas, of East Caln, and settled in West Whiteland, he and his wife being members of Uwchlan Meeting. Their children were as follows : 1. Ann, m. 5, 27, 1773, to Robert Valentine. 2. Jane, m. 1, 13, 1785, to Thomas Stalker, Jr. 3. Thomazine, born 1755 ; died 7, 29,1782 ; m. 5, 11, 1775, to George Spack man. 4. Hannah, m. 5, 16, 1776, to her second cousin, John McPherson, of Virginia. 5. Joseph, m. to Ellen George ; and 6. Sarah, m. 5, 16, 1793, at Hopewell, Va., to Asa Moore. BONZANO, ADOLPHUS, was born Dec. 5, 1830, in the city of Ehingen, kingdom of Würtemberg, Germany. He early received a classical as well as polytechnical education. He arrived at New York City in September, 1850, and went to Philadelphia, where from October until May, 1851, he studied the English language. From May, 1851, to 1855 he was at the American Machine-Works, at Springfield, Mass., where and at which time he learned the machinist business in all its important branches. During the year 1855 he erected machinery in the Southern States. From that date to 1868 he resided at Detroit, Mich., where he was married, July 2, 1857, to Laura J. Goodell, from which union have been born two sons, Maximilian F., May 13, 1858, and Hubert A., Jan. 9, 1867. He was engaged until 1860 as superintendent of machine-shops, etc., then as designer and superintendent of bridge construction. He removed in 1868 to Phoenixville, Pa., for the purpose of carrying on iron bridge-building as a member of the firm of Clarke, Reeves & Co. He has charge of the estimates, general plans, and details of construction. This company and firm have constructed an immense number of iron bridges, iron viaducts, and roof's, amounting, up to December, 1880, to four hundred million pounds. Among the principal works executed by this firm are the Girard Avenue bridge, at Philadelphia ; the Hudson River bridge, at Albany ; the bridges for the Intercolonial Railway, Canada ; for the North Shore Railway, Canada ; the Elevated Railway in Second, Sixth, Eighth, and Ninth Avenues, New York City ; and the Susquehanna bridge at Havre de Grace, Md. The company, known as the " Phoenixville Bridge Company," has its principal office at No. 410 Walnut Street, Philadelphia, and its works at Phoenixville. The firm is composed of Thos. C. Clarke, Adolphus Bonzano, and John Griffen. SAMUEL BUCKWALTER. In 1713 the Manavon tract, at what is now Phoenixville, was patented to David Lloyd. The earliest settler upon it was Francis Buckwalter, to whom Lloyd sold six hundred and fifty acres, in 1720, for £195. Buckwalter, a Protestant refugee from Germany, was subjected when in the Fatherland to many persecutions because of his faith, and it is a matter of family history that he was compelled to read his Bible by stealth, concealed in a cow trough. He finally concluded to flee, and after leaving his home was pursued for three days by his vindictive Catholic brothers, who were determined upon his destruction. His children were Joseph, Jacob, Johannes, Mary, and Yost, and from him are descended all of the Buckwalter family in this county. Of these, Johannes' son John, born Sept. 14, 1777, married, July 27, 1800, Mary Bechtel, born Jan. 2, 1775, and their children were Samuel, John, David, Henry, James, and Elizabeth, who married with James Wynn. Of these children, Samuel, the eldest, was born May 6, 1801, in East Nantmeal township, and in 1817-18 went to Charlestown township to live with his grandfather, Johannes (John), on the farm on which John Henry Buckwalter now resides. In 1832 he was married by Rev. Jacob Wampole to Mary, daughter of Daniel and Margaret nigh, of Schuylkill township, by whom he had seven children,—Charles C.; John Henry ; Samuel R. ; Elizabeth, married to Enoch J. Davis; and Helen Caroline, all living ; and two deceased, Daniel and Margaret, who died young. Samuel Buckwalter died Feb. 26, 1869, and his wife, Mary (High), Jan. 4, 1850. He was a second time married, in 1855, to Ann Pennypacker, widow of James Pennypacker. He was one of the most systematic farmers in the county, and paid special attention to feeding good stock, in which he greatly excelled, and his farm and stock were kept always in good condition. He was, with his family, a member of the Mennonite Church. He served as a school director and frequently in other township offices. He was an Old-Line Whig in politics and later a pronounced Republican. He was at the time of his death president of the Phoenixville National Bank, in which he was a very large stockholder. Of his children, Charles C. lives in the neighborhood of the old homestead farm, on which resides his brother, John Henry, the popular and efficient county treasurer, elected in 1878 for a term of three years, and the remaining brother, Samuel IC., is in active business at Phoenixv. .0. He was known as a successful business man and a model farmer. Respected in the community for purity of character, he was a worthy representative of his well-known family in the county. RESIDENCE OF JOHN HENRY BUCKWALTER, CHARLESTOWN. DAVID BUCKWALTER. The Buckwalter family in Chester County springs from FranciS Buckwalter, a Protestant refugee from Germany, who settled on the Manavon tract in 1720. From him in the third generation descended John Buckwalter, born Sept. 14, 1777, and who married, July 27, 1800, Mary Bechtel, born Jan. 2, 1775. Of their Seven children, David, the third son and fifth child, was born Oct. 8, 1807, in East Nantmeal township. His great-great-grandfather on the maternal side was David Bachtell, who came to America from Germany about the year 1740; bought land in Montgomery County, where he settled and reared a family. His son Samuel married, about 1766, Elizabeth Colson, who was of English birth, but came to America and Settled in the northern part of Philadelphia County (now city) previous to 1740. Samuel had now become the owner of considerable real estate in Montgomery County, and during the Revolutionary war sold for high price and took Continental money in payment ; came to Chester County, where land was cheap, and purchased a large tract in Londonderry township. Ho reared a family of seven children,—David, Rebecca, Polly, Betsey, Samuel, Sarah, and Hannah. Samuel had a large family of SonS, who all left this State, and with their descendantS are scattered through almost every State in the Union. The name of Bachtell has become almoSt obsolete in this section of the country. In Virginia it is Petell ; in Maryland, Pahtell ; and in Ohio, Pachtell. David Buckwalter, the Subject of this sketch, attended the common schools of the day, and was raised on a farm. April 24, 1855, he married Eliza, daughter of Philip and Susanna (Sloneaker) King, the fruits of which marriage were three children,—Mary B., Ettie M., and Annie E. Farming has always been his occupation, except the four years he was engaged in the mercantile business in Upper Uwchlan. He purchased the farm he now owns in 1850, upon which he erected his substantial farm residence, and which contains some two hundred acres well located for agricultural purposes. Mr. Buckwalter is a member, with his family, of St. Matthew's Lutheran Church in Upper Uwchlan, to the Support of which he is a liberal contributor. Politically he is a Republican, but has never been an aspirant for office. RESIDENCE OF DAVID BUCKWALTER, UPPER UWCHLAN. BIOGRAPHICAL AND GENEALOGICAL - 485 BONSALL, RICHARD, with wife, Mary, daughter of George Wood, came from Mouldridge, in Derbyshire, and settled in Darby (now Upper Darby) in 1683. Richard died 7, 13, 1699, and his wife 6, 24, 1698. Their children born in this country were Jacob, 10, 9, 1684 ; Benjamin, 11, 3, 1687 ; Enoch, 11, 2, 1692 ; Eleanor, 9, 8, 1694. Their daughters were married,-Rachel to Daniel Hibbard, 1697 ; Ann to Josiah Hibbard, 1698 ; Abigail to Joseph Rhoads, 1701. Elizabeth Bonsall was married, 9, 10, 1686, to James Hunt, but whether a daughter of Richard is uncertain. Obadiah Bonsall, perhaps a nephew of Richard, married in 1701 Sarah Bethell, and had several children. The descendants of this family number many thousands, and have been largely traced by Spencer Bonsall, of Philadelphia, who is preparing a family history. His father, Edward H. Bonsall, a prominent citizen of Philadelphia, was horn in the limits of Uwchlan Monthly Meeting, 5, 28, 1794, and died 4, 14, 1879, the son of Isaac and Mercy (Milhous) Bonsall. BOYD.-In the year 1732 came William Boyd and Thomas Boyd from the county of Armagh, in Ireland, and with them two unmarried sisters, one of whom married a Mr. Dobbins and the other a Mr. Curry, all of Philadelphia. They also left one married sister in Ireland, who with her hushand afterwards emigrated to Philadelphia. Thomas Boyd settled in the forks of Delaware, but afterwards removed to Philadelphia, where he died in 1782, leaving four sons and one daughter,-Maj. Alexander Boyd (the oldest son), James, Thomas, and Andrew, all officers in the Revolutionary army, serving through the war. Some time after the war, James and Thomas settled in Kittanning. Of their families nothing is known. The other children remained in Philadelphia and died there. William Boyd settled near the Half-way House, in Londongrove township, Chester County. In after-life he moved to Oxford township, where he died, April 17, 1767, aged fifty-eight, and his wife eleven days after her husband. Both are buried in the graveyard at Fagg's Manor. He was elected member of Assembly in 1760. It was said by his sons that when a member of Assembly he attended the sessions in Philadelphia, leaving his home at two o'clock of a Monday morning, taking with him on horseback one or both his sons, then little boys. They would reach the ferry at Schuylkill before noon, when he would cross immediately so as to be in time for the opening of the session, committing to his boys the horse to be fed, and then taken home the same day. They carried their own provisions and provender for the horse. The following Saturday the two boys would be at the ferry again awaiting their father ; thus they continued to do during the sessions, which lasted about six weeks. The compensation for this service was equivalent to one dollar and thirty-three cents a day. How different from these times, when ten dollars per day is considered inadequate for like services ! William Boyd left three sons-James, John, and William-and three daughters-Jane, Mary, and Hannah. William Boyd, the youngest son, went into the marine service early in the Revolutionary war, was soon made a captain, and was afterwards taken prisoner and carried to England, and being exchanged, with health entirely broken, he died the day after his delivery on Long Island. His record is that of a distinguished officer. Jane, the eldest daughter, married David Cochran. Mary married George Boyd, brother to Matthew Boyd. Hannah married Matthew Boyd, by whom she had three children,-Jane, Rebecca, and John. Of these children Jane never married. Rebecca married Rev. John B. Patterson, the first pastor of Mahoning Presbyterian Church, and left nine children. John died, unmarried, at the age of twenty-three years. Matthew Boyd was killed by a fall from his horse. The widow afterwards married Gen. William Montgomery. James Boyd, the oldest son of William Boyd, was born in West Fallowfield township, about the year 1749. He was in the service in the Revolutionary war, and actually participated in some of its conflicts, and it is believed was in the battle of Germantown. He was a member of the convention which framed the constitution of Pennsylvania in the year 1790, and also of the Assembly during the years 1779, 1780, 1782, 1790, and 1791, and associate judge from Nov. 1, 1793, until his death, Aug. 10, 1821, in the seventy-third year of his age. Judge Boyd was a man of sterling honesty of purpose and strict morality, and in all the relations of life was a most exemplary citizen. He was noted for his active sympathy for the widow and the orphan, the friendless stranger and the afflicted,-such ever found in him a ready helper. He was courteous and agreeable in his manners, highly esteemed by all who knew him, and always spoken of with respect. In person he was over the middle size, tall and straight, and his every feature spoke the goodness of his heart. He was for forty years a ruling elder in the Fagg's Manor Presbyterian Church, an ensample of a true Christian character, and many of the youth of his day-now men well advanced in years-will remember the good advice which he then gave them. In the early days of the temperance movement he was an advocate of that cause. The most fitting close of this notice is the inscription on the tombstone erected to his memory over his grave in Fagg's Manor burying-ground : " In memory of James Boyd Esquire who departed this life August 10th, 1821, Aged 73 years. " He was a member of convention in framing the present Constitution, and for several years a Representative in the Legislature of Pennsylvania. " For 27 years an Associate Judge in Chester County and for 40 years a Ruling Elder in the congregation of Fagg's Manor. " He was a sincere friend an honest man and a devoted Christian." On the same stone is this inscription also : " In memory of Mary Boyd-Relict of James Boyd- who departed this life July 22nd 1822 aged 76 years. "Hers were the virtues mild, the softer oharities, connubial love, maternal tenderness friendship sincere and piety unfeigned." John Boyd, the second son of William Boyd above named, served an apprenticeship to the tanner's trade with 486 - HISTORY OF CHESTER COUNTY, PENNSYLVANIA. Thomas Strawbridge of Chester County, and on the breaking out of the Revolutionary war entered the service, and continued in the army seven years, leaving it in 1782, having received an honorable discharge. He returned home with nothing left but his horse and equipments. On the 18th of Decemher, 1782, he married Mary Cowan, third daughter of James Cowan, of Octorara, Chester Co. Mr. Boyd immediately established himself in a tannery in West Fallowfield township, Chester Co., near Cochranville, and his industry, integrity, and high character soon brought him prosperity. He was appointed by the Governor of the State brigadier-general First Brigade, Third Division, Pennsylvania militia. He served many years as a representative from Chester County in the Legislature of Pennsylvania, and was a ruling elder in the Presbyterian Church of Fagg's Manor for twenty years. John Boyd and Mary Cowan, his wife, had seven children,—Jane, Joseph, William, James, John C., Mary, and Hannah Eliza,—all of whom were carefully trained, and educated as well as could be with the limited means and opportunity at the command of their parents, who carefully inculeated in their children lessons of piety, integrity, and honor, which, being well learned, are the sure guarantee of a useful and honored life. Jane married Alexander Montgomery, of Danville, Pa., a son of Gen. William Montgomery. Joseph, William, and James were brought up by their father in the tannery, and John C. Boyd, the youngest son, as a farmer. Joseph and William established themselves in a tannery in Lancaster County, but soon abandoned it. Joseph went to Philadelphia and opened a broker's office, and when John C. quit the farm his brother took him into his office as clerk, and subsequently as his principal traveling agent and collector. Joseph married Margaret Steel, daughter of William Steel, Esq., of Chestnut Level, Lancaster Co., by whom he had children,—John, William S., and Eliza. William, the second son, married Eliza Steel, and left several children. John C. Boyd married Hannah Montgomery, daughter of Gen. Daniel Montgomery, of Danville, May 18, 1820, and shortly after removed to Danville. About 1824 he removed to a farm two miles south of Danville, and built a grist-mill and mansion-house, and enlarged the farm till it contained nine hundred acres. He was a model farmer, but found time to take part in public enterprises. In the act of April 8, 1826, to incorporate the Danville and Pottsville Railroad, he and his father-in-law were named as commissioners, being the fathers of the enterprise. He was also a commissioner in the charter for the Susquehanna Canal Company in 1835, after which he organized a company and built an iron. furnace, which, however, was unsuccessful. He died Aug. 18,1849, leaving seven children. BOYD, REV. ADAM.—See the history of Upper Octorara Church, page 250. BRADFORD, DR. JAMES H., was born in Philadelphia, Nov. 4, 1802. His parents were Samuel F. and Abigail Bradford, a family of much distinction and great respectability in that city. He was liberally educated, and graduated M.D. at the University of Pennsylvania in 1823. He made two voyages to China as surgeon, and on the second occasion remained in Canton, and was chosen by the Americans residing there to be their resident physician. For this service he received a stipulated salary, and was placed on the same footing as the English surgeons and physicians. All foreign residents, whether transient or permanent, were entitled to his medical services without any additional compensation. In this field of duty he labored with assiduity and attained a high position. During his residence at Canton a hospital was instituted, and he took charge of its medical and surgical departments. He continued a resident at Canton until 1835, when he returned to Philadelphia. In 1838 he married Mary H., eldest daughter of the late David Caldwell, who for many years occupied the position of clerk of the District Court of the United States at Philadelphia. In 1850, Dr. Bradford removed with his family to West Chester, where he resided until his death, April 9, 1859. He died at St. Augustine, Fla., where he had shortly before gone with a member of his family, whose state of health required a change of residence for a time. During his residence in West Chester he won the confidence and esteem of all who knew him. His agreeable manners, his kindness and benevolence, his consistent and exemplary deportment, all endeared him to the community in which he spent the latter years of his life. BRADLEY, CHARLES, married Mary Jefferis about 1752, daughter of Robert Jefferis, r., of East Bradford, by whom he had sons,—George, born 1753, Joseph, and Enoch. Joseph went to Warrington, in York County, where he married in 1782 and left children. Of Enoch nothing further is known. George Bradley married Mary, daughter of Philip and Mary (Gilpin) Taylor, of Thornbury, born 12, 23, 1753. They resided for some time in West Bradford, and had issue,—Emmor, Ruth (m. to Elias Stanley), Orpha, Caleb, Joseph, Hannah, Elizabeth (m. to Reuben Taylor), Lydia (m. to Thomas Lamborn), Ziba, Rachel (m. to Benjamin Lamborn), and Albina. Emmor, born 9, 19, 1777, died 1, 25, 1837, married Deborah, daughter of Col. John Hannum, and for a few years afterwards taught school in West Chester, then bought a part of the Hannum property, in East Bradford, and built a house thereon in 1810, and resided there the rest of his life. His children were John, Alice Ann, George W., James, Mary, Emma, Jane, Caleb H. (late secretary of the Chester County Mutual Fire Insurance Company), Taylor, Rachel, Elizabeth, and Sarah. BRINTON,* WILLIAM, of Nether Gournall, parish of Sedgely, Staffordshire, England, with his wife, Ann, daughter of Edward Bagley, came to Pennsylvania in the summer of 1684, and settled in the township since called Birmingham. As his home in England was near that town, * " The English family of Brinton, from whom those in America derive descent, took their name from the parish of Brinton, now Brimpton, in Berkshire. The first so named of whom we possess any definite account is Robert de Brinton, who received a manor in Shropshire from King Henry II about the year 1160. His lineal descendant removed to Staffordshire about 1450."—Dr. Daniel G. Brinton. BIOGRAPHICAL AND GENEALOGICAL.487 it is supposed that he gave the name to the township. He was born about the year 1630, his wife five sears later, and they were married about 1659. With them came their son, William, and daughters, Elizabeth and Esther. Their daughter Ann married John Bennett, 4, 18, 1684, and they may have accompanied her parents. William Brinton had suffered persecution as a Friend, and in the year 1683 had his goods distrained to the value of £5 1s. to satisfy a fine of 26s. imposed under the Nonconformity Act. On his arrival in Philadelphia, and while detained there in making arrangements for a permanent settlement, he presented two certificates to a Friends' meeting " held at the governor's house" on the 4th of the 9th month (November), 1684. One of these certificates is from the Monthly Meeting of Dudley, and is dated the 15th of the 11th month, 1683. The other is from " his dealers & Correspondents," and is dated Jan. 14, 1683. In 1686 he received a patent for 456 acres of land, to which he made further additions by purchase. His death occurred in 1700, and that of his wife in the previous year. Their daughter Elizabeth married Hugh Harris soon after 2d month (April) 12, 1686, by whom she had four sons and five daughters. Esther Brinton, her sister, married John Willis, of Thornbury, and had several children. William Brinton, Jr., born about 1667, married, 10, 9, 1690, Jane, daughter of Richard and Jane Thatcher, born 10, 17, 1670, died 12, 17, 1755. In 1704 he built a stone house a little distance south of Dilworthtown, which is still standing, and until a few years since without much alteration. He died in 1751, and was buried 8th month 17th,. at Birmingham Meeting. His children were,-1. Joseph, b. 11, 30, 1692 ; buried 10, 18, 1751 ; m. 10, 6, 1711, to Mary Peirce, and 2, 14, 1748, to Mary Elgar. 2. William, b. 6, 25, 1694 ; d. 3d mo. 1761 ; m. 2, 26, 1716, to Hannah Buller, 5, 9, 1724, to Azuba Townsend, and 5th mo. 1734, to Cecily Chamberlin. 3. Edward, b. 12, 12, 1704 ; d. 3, 17, 1779 ; in. 4, 17, 1724, to Hannah Peirce. 4. Mary, b. 2, 1, 1708 ;.d. 12, 13, 1774 ; m. 9, 8, 1739, to Daniel Corbit. 5. Ann, b. 2, 19, 1710 ; m. 2, 29, 1731, to Samuel Bettle. 6. John, b. 5, 4, 1715 ; d. 3d mo. 1748 ; m. 2, 21, 1736, to Hannah Vernon. Joseph and Edward Brinton were prominent and active citizens, and their numerous descendants have inherited marked individuality and force of character. A daughter of Edward became the wife of Thomas Darlington and ancestor of a large portion of the family of that name. A genealogy and history of the family, quarto, pp. 60, was compiled and printed for private distribution by Dr. Daniel G. Brinton, 1878. His brother, Joseph H. Brinton, is the proprietor of Brinton's greenstone or serpentine quarries in Thornbury. BROOMALL, JOHN, came to Pennsylvania in 1682, and after his marriage settled in Edgmont or Lower Providence. His death in the latter township occurred in 1729, when he left a widow, Mary, and children,-John, Lydia, , Ellen, Mary, and Jane. John Broomall, r., married, Oct. 12, 1720, Anne Lewis, and had several children, of whom a son, Daniel, married Martha, daughter of Joseph and Hannah Talbot, of Mid dletown. They resided for some time in Middletown, afterwards in Thornbury. Daniel died 4, 2, 1817, and his wife 5, 3, 1812 ; both buried at Middletown. Their children were,-1. Hannah, b. 2, 13, 1755. 2. Joseph, b. 1, 27, 1758. 3. John, b. 11, 8, 1760 ; died 3, 6, 1848 (father of Hon. John M. Broomall, of Media). 4. Isaac, b. 8, 27, 1762 ; died 11th mo. 1834. 5. Nehemiah, b. 8, 27, 1762. 6. James, b. 2, 6, 1765. 7. Jacob, b. 4, 18, 1768. 8. Rachel, b. 3, 8, 1771 ; m. to Caleb Temple. 9. David, b. 6, 24, 1773. 10. Elizabeth, b. 6, 4, 1775. 11 and 12. Joseph and Nathan, twins, b. 7, 12, 1777. 13. Daniel, b. 1, 27, 1780. Isaac Broomall, or Broomall, as this branch of the family write the name, married, 1, 11, 1792, Lydia, daughter of John and Susanna Neal, of Concord, born 5, 12, 1772, died in Upper Oxford, 9, 2, 1853. About the year 1800 they removed to the western part of this county, and Isaac died at New London Cross-roads. Their son John, born 1, 10, 1794, died in Upper Oxford, 3, 15, 1881. Hannah G., widow of Nathan Broomall, died at Phoenixville, Dec. 12, 1879, in her ninety-second year. BROSIUS, HENRY, came from Germany when quite young, with his mother and step-father, who settled in Philadelphia. The latter both died of the yellow fever when it was so fatal there. Henry married Mary Roberts, daughter of Isaac, of Bucks County, and settled in that neighborhood in 1793 ; but in 1805 they removed to West Fallowfield and purchased the farm now owned by Daniel Kent, who subsequently married one of the daughters. Their children were Isaac, Benjamin, Mahlon, William, Harper, Mary Ann, Henry, Joseph, Abner, Nathan, Sarah, Charles, Agnes, Amos, and Ruth. Of these, Mahlon married Mary Kent, 8, 17, 1820, and resided in Londonderry, afterwards in Upper Oxford. Their children were Clarkson, Daniel K., Edwin (now of Kennet Square), Esther Ann, John Comly (physician, now of Cochranville), Joseph H., Ann Elizabeth, Lucretia M., Mary Jane, and Mahlon G. BROWER, DR. WILLIAM.-The Brower family, originally from Holland, very early settled in East Coventry township, where the ancestors of Henry Brower, grandfather of Dr. William, lived for two generations before him. Gilbert, son of Henry Brower, married Lydia Urner, to whom were born four children, of whom the eldest (Harrison) is deceased ; the surviving three are Rev. Isaac U., Sallie M., and William. The latter, Dr. William, was born Feb. 25, 1842, in East Coventry, and was married, Sept. 18, 1869, to Sallie M., daughter of Joseph Kendall, of Limerick Station, Montgomery Co., by whom he has one child living, Blanche, born March '9, 1872. He spent his boyhood days upon a farm, and began his academic education at Oakdale Seminary in the summer of 1858. The two following summers were spent at Freeland Seminary (now Ursinus College). He entered the Pennsylvania State Normal School, at Millersville, Pa., in the summer of 1861, where he was also in attendance in 1862 and 1863, at which time he was a member of the senior class. He taught school for six terms, and entered upon the study of medicine in the spring of 1865. He attended lectures at Jefferson Medical College, in Philadelphia, and there was 488 -HISTORY OF CHESTER COUNTY, PENNSYLVANIA. graduated March 9, 1867. He then located at Spring City, and soon acquired a large practice, where and in which he is now most successfully engaged. He has taken an active part in school matters, and has served uninterruptedly on the school board for the past thirteen years. The schools of Spring City are among the best in the county, which is in large measure due to his zeal and labors on the board. He has also served for several years as a director in the Phoenixville Fire Insurance Company, and his public spirit has been of great aid to the community, which deservedly holds him in high repute. His mother was an Urner, descended from that well-known family, which came originally from canton Uri, in Switzerland, and having from thence been driven by persecutions, settled in the province of Alsace, from which the three brothers, John, Jacob, and Martin Urner, came to America about 1708. BROWN.—There are many different families bearing this name, of which the descendants of James and William Browne, of Nottingham, are perhaps the most numerous. According to the evidence discovered by the late Henry Armitt Brown, Esq., of Philadelphia, they were the sons of Richard and Mary Browne, of Puddington, near Wellingboro', Northamptonshire. The father died 9, 28, 1662, and of his eight children James was born 3, 27, 1656, and William, 1, 29, 1658. James was married at Burlington, N. J., 6, 8, 1679, to Honor, daughter of William Clayton, of Chichester, where he also settled at first. His children were James, b. at Marcus Hook, 1, 17, 1681; William, b. 1, 13, 1682 ; Clayton, b. 8, 1, 1685 ; Jeremiah, Margery, Daniel, and Mary. William Browne was married in England to Dorothy —, and his eldest son, Joseph, was born there, 4, 12, 1682. In 1684 he married a second wife, Ann Mercer, in 1699 a third, Catharine Williams, and in 1711 a fourth wife, Mary Matthews. Tradition says that William Browne cut the first tree in the settlement of Nottingham, and it is known that the first Friends' meeting there was held at his house. His son, Mercer (or Messer) Brown, was a justice of Common Pleas and a useful citizen. William Brown, son of James, married Esther Yardley, of Bucks County, and had children,—William, a noted minister ; Margaret, married to John Churchman ; James, and Daniel. Of these, James married Miriam Churchman, was also a minister, and died in Wilmington, 3, 4, 1772. His son Elijah, born 3, 12, 1740, removed in 1757 to Philadelphia, and was one of the Friends exiled to Virginia in 1777. He married in 1761 Mary Armitt, and died 8, 27, 1810. His great-grandson, Henry Armitt Brown, the gifted writer and orator, died Aug. 21, 1878, in the prime of life, and with the prospect of a brilliant future before him. BROWNBACK, GARRET, or Gerhard Brumbach, as it may have been in German, was one of the earliest settlers of that nationality in Vincent ; was the founder of Brownback's Reformed Church, and the first tavern-keeper in that part of the county. He took up 1000 acres of land, partly in Vincent and partly in Coventry, on part of which the church was built at a later date. He had two sons, Benjamin and Henry, and daughters who became the wives of Richard Custard, John Benner, Frederick Bingaman, John Munshower, and William Posey. Catharine was the wife of Munshower. When Garret settled here there was an Indian village about fifty or sixty perches from his dwelling, and the natives rendered him services in return for favors shown them. Garret Brownback died about 1758, BIOGRAPHICAL AND GENEALOGICAL - 489 and was succeeded at the tavern by his son Benjamin, who continued in the business nearly thirty years. The latter served during the Revolution. His widow was robbed and murdered, but the murderer never was discovered. BUCHANAN, REV. JAMES, was a native of the Brandywine settlement, in Chester Co., Pa., where he was born in the year 1783. He received his collegiate education at Dickinson College, Carlisle, where he graduated Sept. 28, 1803. He studied theology under Rev. Nathan Grier, of Brandywine Manor, and was licensed by New Castle Presbytery, Sept. 30, 1806. He was first settled, in April, 1809, over the Presbyterian congregation of Harrisburg, Pa. This charge he resigned in 1815. In 1816 he became pastor of the congregation at Greencastle, Franklin Co., Pa. Here he continued for about twenty years, with great acceptance to the people, who were devotedly attached to him. He then took charge of the Presbyterian Church of Logansport, Ind., of which he continued pastor until his death, on the 16th of September, 1843, at the age of sixty years. He was a man of warm heart, of kind and generous disposition ; a judicious counselor, and as a preacher held a very respectable rank. BUFFINGTON.-Rich,. Bobbinghton was among the list of tydables at Upland in 1677. In 1679, Richard Buffington and John Grubb purchased a tract of land west of Chester Creek, above Chester, which they called " Hopewell of Kent." Richard Buffington had a wife, Ann, living in 1695 ; a wife, Frances (widow of John Grubb), living in 1712 ; and his widow, Alice (Palmer), survived him. He purchased land in East Bradford (in conjunction with William Vestall) in 1696, and removed to that neighborhood within a few years after. Feb. 25, 1720-1, he conveyed his lands to two of his sons, Thomas and William, reserving a life interest therein, and this was probably on the eve of his last marriage. He appears to have settled at a later period on 200 acres immediately in the forks of Brandywine, but never owned the land, which, however, his son Joseph afterwards purchased from the heirs of Isaac Norris, of Philadelphia. Richard died in January or February, 1747-8, probably about ninety-four years of age. By his will he gave a legacy of £20 to the Baptist society which met at John Bentley's, in Newlin township. (See Hephzibah Baptist Church.) Children, -Ann, m. Benjamin Hickman ; Ruth, in. Ezekiel Harlan ; Richard, d. 1741, m. Phebe Grubb ; Thomas, d. December, 1739, rn. Ruth Cope and Ann ____ ; William, d. unmarried ; John, m. Sarah Arnold ; Hannah, m. Jeremiah Dean ; Mary, m. Charles Turner ; Elizabeth, d. 1748-9, m. Peter Collins and John Freeman ; Lydia, m. George Martin ; Abigail, b. September, 1721, d. April, 1813, rn. Edward Seed and David Fling; Joseph, d. Nov. 17, 1785, unmarried ; Alice, d. July 19, 1775, m. ____ McArthur and James Hance. The Pennsylvania Gazette for June 28 to July 5, 1739, contains the following: " Philadelphia.-On the 30th of May past the children, grandchildren, and great-grandchildren of Richard Buffington, Senior, to the number of one hundred and fifteen, met - 62 - together at his house in Chester County, as also his nine sons- and daughters-in-law, and twelve great-grandchildren-in-law. The old man is from Grcat Mark, upon the Thames, in Buckinghamshire, in Old England, aged about 85, and is still hearty, active, and of perfect memory. His eldest son, now in the sixtieth year of his age, was the first-born of English descent in this province.". Richard Buffington, r., married Phebe, daughter of John and Frances Grubb, and settled in West Bradford. His wife was a minister among Friends, and after his death married Simon Hadly, living in the edge of New Castle County. She died 3, 4, 1769, and was buried at Bradford Meeting on the 6th, at the same time that the mother of Humphry Marshall was interred. The children of Richard and Phebe were John, Frances (m. to Samuel Osborne), Phebe, Richard, Samuel, Henry, Catharine, Peter, Nathaniel, Jeremiah, Isaac, and Joseph. Richard (3), born 11, 23, 1715-6, died 2, 28, 1781, married Mary Bate and Ann (Pyle) Woodward. By the first he had Curtis, Mary, and Phebe, and by the second, Richard, Jesse, Ann, and Esther. Richard (4), born 12, 18, 1750-1, died 11, 19, 1803, married Rachel Baker, daughter of Richard and Rachel, and their son, the fifth Richard in direct descent, is living in West Marlborough, in his seventy-ninth year. John Buffington, son of Richard (2), married Elizabeth Way and Jane Thatcher, and died 10, 23, 1774, leaving several children, of whom Robert, the eldest, was the grandfather of Wilson Buffington, of Unionville, a builder of numerous bridges. Richard, the second son, was a mason, and with his cousin Curtis built the easterly tavern in Marshallton. He left the neighborhood for a time during the Revolution, and his property was confiscated. His brother Jacob was arrested as a Tory, but escaped from the guards and fled to Prince Edward Island, afterwards to England, but returned to Chester County before his death. Another brother, Joshua, was tried and acquitted. Joseph Buffington, born 11, 27, 1803, at West Chester, died 2, 3, 1872, was for several years president judge of the district composed of Westmoreland, Armstrong, and Indiana Counties, in this State. He was the son of Ephraim and Rebecca, and Ephraim was the son of Jonathan, the son of William, supposed son of Thomas, the son of the first Richard. BULL, LIEUT.-COL. THOMAS, son of William Bull, born June 9, 1744, died July 13, 1837, aged 93 years, 1 month, and 4 days. He, as most young men in colonial times were forced to do, followed for a while a mechanical pursuit, becoming a stone-mason. He was considered an excellent workman, having assisted in constructing a number of buildings of so durable a character that they were still in use a few years ago, and may be yet. Prior to the Revolutionary war, and also subsequently to it, he was a manager for Potts & Rutter, at Warwick Furnace. Whilst in this capacity he was called into the service of his country, being commissioned lieutenant-colonel of his regiment subsequently to Gen. Wayne's transfer to the regular army. He took the above position upon the promotion of Richard Thomas to the coloneley. He was attached to the Flying Camp, and was 490 - HISTORY OF CHESTER COUNTY, PENNSYLVANIA. ordered to New York, where, arriving in time for an engagement, he was forced with his men into action, fought bravely, and when he found his superior in command had surrendered he became so incensed that he broke his sword in two. He of course was captured and taken to the " Jersey" prison-ships, where the prisoners, one of whom was the celebrated Col. Ethan Allen, were furnished an allowance of a few grains of corn a day. Remaining here for a short time, they were placed on Long Island, with the privilege of patroling the same. Here they were kept for about twenty-one months and then exchanged. During the engagement above alluded to, while Col. Bull was carrying an order to a subordinate officer, a wounded soldier piteously plead that he would take him up behind him on his horse and save him if possible. Seeing a stump of a tree near by, he told him to get upon it and he would see what he could do for him. When he returned the maimed man had strength enough to obey this friendly command, and, urging his strength to the utmost, he succeeded in the effort, and was borne swiftly in safety to the fort. In time he recovered, and in after-years, when Col. Bull was a member of the Legislature, the doorkeeper was asked to call him out as a man wished to speak to him. It proved to be his old acquaintance of the battle-field, whose safety had been secured amid the storm of bullets discharged as they neared the fort, and who now came to express his heartfelt gratitude to his preserver. Another incident occurred during his sojourn on the island. Poorly fed and being hungry, he stopped at the house of one of the Low Dutch residents and asked for something to eat. The old lady in broken English replied, " Oh, we've got poor bread." " What will you give me if I build you an oven ?" he said, and, as she hesitated in reply, added, " Send your men for brick and sand, and we will see what we can do for you." The materials being brought he went to work, and in a short time the oven was built. She was pleased, and gave him three silver dollars for the work, whereupon he also was pleased. In telling this story he laughingly said that when the thing became known all the little Low Dutch women on the island came in quest of Col. Bull to build them ovens. Another circumstance he used to mention was that before his capture he found one of his men famishing from want of food and exposure to the weather. Having no great supply of medicine at hand, he procured some gingerbread, softened it with water, forced it down his throat, and thus saved his life. This man, Micajah Posey, returned to his home in the neighborhood of Warwick Furnace, and lived there until he became an old man, many of whose descendants reside in the northern part of this and in the neighboring counties. After his return from the service of his country in the field Col. Bull continued in the iron business, managing the Warwick Furnace, as before, and turning out forty-two tons of pig-metal per week with a small charcoal furnace, the ore being then of fine quality and the wood first growth. This was a great run of metal, considering that a furnace of equal capacity latterly will yield but little more than one-half this quantity. Shortly after the battle of Brandywine a portion of the government troops retreated to the neighborhood of the Furnace, where they remained for some days, the officers of highest grade in the mean time visiting the mansion-house, where they were hospitably entertained by the gallant colonel's noble and patriotic wife. Prior to leaving the employ of the Warwick Company, Col. Bull bought from them a large tract of land on the head-waters of the south branch of French Creek, where he built a grist- and saw-mill, blacksmith-shop, etc., and upon which he erected a fine mansion, to which he retired, and there resided many years. The property passed into possession of his son, Rev. Levi Bull, and is now the residence of Col. Thomas K. Bull, a son of the latter. While improving his private property Col. Bull was yet largely engaged in business plans. He acquired, and held until within a few years of his death, nine-sixteenths of an interest in Joanna Furnace, on Hay Creek, Robeson township, Berks County, which interest he disposed of to Judge Darling, of Reading, about 1831, who associated with him Levi Bull Smith, his brother-in-law. The present owner is Col. L. Heber Smith, a great-grandson of Col. Bull, who follows the same remunerating pursuit, and has given assurance that he imbibes the patriotic fervor of his brave ancestor in volunteering to march at the head of his regiment in defense of his country in the war of the Rebellion, and, like his ancestor, was captured and detained in the vile prisons of the South, in this respect suffering more cruel treatment than was accorded prisoners of the Revolutionary war. Col. Bull was a member of the convention which framed the constitution of 1790, and also a member of the convention which ratified said instrument. He was a representative of Chester County in the Assembly for many years. Of course he was a man of mark in those early days of our history. Fitted by nature with a strong, vigorous frame, a tall, majestic mien, and a stentorian voice, he seemed formed to command. Resolute and determined in war, he was an excellent manager and a successful business man. Active and enterprising, he gave many a young man employment, and failed not to help the poor and the friendless. His counsel was often asked, his advice taken, and many profited by it. An instance is given : A few miles from him lived a man of moody spirit, morose and ill-grained, who called to see the colonel, and complained of want of success. He was advised to quit the neighborhood and remove to the central part of the State, where it was thought an opening presented for business. Taking the advice kindly he removed, and became an iron-master, prospered, and grew rich. Probably about 1830 he paid his last visit to Chester County, met his old friend and adviser, and after a pleasant interchange of social feeling they parted to meet here no more. About the year 1810 or 1812, Col. Bull became interested in a project which enlisted the feelings of many of his fellow-citizens in the northern part of the county, viz., the construction of a turnpike-road through the same. This road was designed to run from the Lancaster turnpike, near the Warren tavern, to the base of the Welsh Mountain, near Morgantown ; thence by another company to the Blue Ball, and thence by still another to Lancaster, via New BIOGRAPHICAL AND GENEALOGICAL - 491 Holland. Associated with Col. Bull in projecting and carrying on this work were Michael Gunkle, John Malin, Mr. Bowen, of the SW, Isaiah Kirk, Ephraim Allen, and others. The State aided the road by a subscription of stock, but of course, in the end, fared as did other stockholders. Not proving a paying concern the organization was kept up for a time, but after the lapse of twenty-five or thirty years, the tolls taken being insufficient to maintain it, the road was abandoned as a turnpike and declared a public highway. Unfortunate as a speculation, the road is nevertheless regarded by those who live along its line as a great advantage to the neighborhood through which it passes, and the public spirit and enterprise of the projectors are fully appreciated. Under an act of Congress, passed a few years before his death, Col. Bull received a pension of $575 per annum, awarded him for his services in the Revolutionary war. He was a sincere believer in the Christian religion, and a vestryman of St. Peter's Episcopal Church, in the Great Valley, worshiping therein when convenient, as he lived many miles therefrom. Upon the ordination of his son, Rev. Dr. Bull, to the ministry he assisted in building and supporting St. Mary's Church, in East Nantmeal (now Warwick) township, and became and continued a member thereof till his death. He also joined in the temperance reformation a few years before his death, even foregoing, for the sake of others, the moderate use of wine, to which, as a beverage, he had been accustomed. His declining years were peaceful, and gently he descended to the tomb in a good old age " as a shock of corn fully ripe in its season." Thomas Bull was married Feb. 28, 1771, to Ann Hunter, daughter of John and Ann Hunter, of Whiteland, who dying in 1817, he married again in 1819, at the age of 75 years, a widow, Lydia Crowell, of Cape May, N. J., who survived him several years. His children were as follows: 1. Elizabeth, b. Dec. 19, 1771 ; m. John Smith. 2. Mary, b. July 10, 1774 ; d. Nov. 7, 1798 ; m. Alexander Cobean, late of Gettysburg. 3. Ann, b. Feb. 11, 1776 ; d. 1850 ; m. Waters Dewees. 4. Martha, b. Feb. 20, 1779 ; d. March 12, 1850 ; m. James McClintock and Samuel Shafer. 5. Sarah, twin sister of Martha, d. 1817, unmarried. 6. Levi, b. Nov. 14, 1780 ; d. Aug. 2, 1859 ; m. 1808, Ann Jacobs, daughter of Cyrus Jacobs, and Margaretta, daughter of James Old, a sister to Mrs. Robert Coleman, b. 1789 ; d. July 10, 1858. 7. James Hunter, b. Dec. 31, 1782 ; d. Oct. 17, 1797. 8. Margaret, b. Feb. 7, 1787 ; m. James Jacobs, son of Cyrus, and d. about 1819, leaving three sons and a daughter, Ann Hunter, mother of Rev. James J. Creigh. LEVI BULL, D.D., was born Nov. 14, 1780, at Warwick Furnace, in what is now Warwick township. His mother prayed for a man-child, and, in token of having dedicated him, as far as in her lay, to the priesthood, named him Levi. Her wishes and prayers seemed for a long time frustrated, as his youth, up to manhood, gave no signs of interest in religion. At an early age he entered Dickinson College, where he graduated in his seventeenth year. He made choice of the law for a profession, and entered the office of James Hopkins, Esq., a lawyer of distinction at the bar of Lancaster, with a view of qualifying himself for admission to the bar. While pursuing his law studies, he came to the conclusion that " necessity was laid upon him to preach the gospel," and, abandoning the law, he began a course of study in preparation for the ministry under the direction of Rev. Nathan Grier, of Brandywine Manor. He entered the ministry of the Episcopal Church, and was by Bishop White ordained deacon in 1805, and priest in 1806. His first and last field of labor was the region in which he was born. The social position and public reputation of his father, the extraordinary personal qualities of the son, the interesting facts and notoriety of his conversion, his zeal and boldness, drew all minds in these parts to the young preacher. He preached in churches, in court-houses, in school-rooms, and in private houses. He addressed masses of people in public, and also families and individuals in private. All wondered at the life and power which appeared in his ministry, and no preacher of that day had ever in those parts made such an impression. In the immediate neighborhood of his father's residence there was then no church, but a proposal was soon made for the organization of a parish and the building of a house of worship. This resulted in the founding of St. Mary's Church (in what is now Warwick township) in 1805, about a mile from his home. There, with one intermission, he continued to labor till age and other infirmities withdrew him from active duty. The intermission was that of a year at Wilmington, Del., where he was rector of Trinity Church. Deaths of relatives and the difficulty of filling his post in St. Mary's Church induced him to return and resume his first charge. In connection with St. Mary's he had the care of St. Thomas', Morgantown, Berks Co., nine miles from his residence ; Bangor Church, Churchtown, Lancaster Co., nine miles from his home ; St. Gabriel's, Morlattan, Berks Co., nine miles distant ; and he preached once a month in Pottstown, Montgomery Co., twelve miles away, and very often in Reading and Birdsboro'. Out of his labors grew, besides St. Mary's Church, St. Andrew's, in West Vincent, and St. Mark's, Honeybrook, the one six and the other five miles distant, the last two being offshoots of St. Mary's Church. The labors which he performed were abundant and blessed. He married Ann, daughter of Cyrus Jacobs, Esq., of White Hall, Churchtown, Lancaster Co., of which marriage there were fifteen children, all of whom but one lived to adult age, and seven only of whom survived him. Possessed of a competent estate, his house was the seat of a generous hospitality, and he was held by all who knew him in the highest estimation. He was noted for his disinterestedness, and was ever ready to use his ample income for charitable purposes. The title of " Father," given to him in his later years, indicated the respect and confidence of his clerical brethren. He died Aug. 2, 1859, at his residence in Warwick township, in the seventy-ninth year of his age, and was buried in St. Mary's churchyard, in. a tomb beside his wife and children, near the walls of the church which more than half a century before had been founded by his ministry. BURGESS, HUGH.-At the town of Reading, England (in which country he was born), Hugh Burgess began experimenting as to the possibility of making use of the pure 492 - HISTORY OF CHESTER COUNTY, PENNSYLVANIA. fibre of wood for paper-making in the year 1850, in conjunction with Mr. Charles Watt, an old friend of the celebrated Dr. Abernethy. In 1851 they succeeded in making a good, pure pulp from wood by their chemical process, and this paper-pulp was converted into good white paper at a paper-mill at Boxmoor, in Hertfordshire. The London Journal printed some numbers of its weekly issue on this paper, and this was the first paper ever made from wood of such a quality as could be used for printing purposes. In 1852, Mr. Burgess was invited to come over to America to introduce the wood-pulp process. He landed in New York City early in 1853, and in the same year was introduced to Mr. M. L. Keen, and with him began to make wood-pulp in the old engine-house of the Wilmington and Philadelphia Railroad, at Gray's Ferry. The paper-pulp made from wood here was manufactured into paper at the paper-mills at Maylandville, close by, and this was the first wood-paper fit for printing ever made in America. In 1854 the paper-mill at Royer's Ford was started, and at this mill the process was brought into its present state of completion and perfection. Wood of various kinds, straw, corn-stalks, bamboo, cane, etc., were at this mill used for the manufacture of white paper-pulp, but no material has been found so suitable for paper-making purposes as wood. The Royer's Ford mill has therefore an unusual historic interest in the paper-making world, and should have to the world in general, since it was at this mill that the paper-making industry was entirely revolutionized and the chemical process perfected which has rendered the paper-making industry to a great extent independent of the supply of rags, which were yearly getting more and more difficult to obtain, as the increasing demand for paper grew faster than the rag supply could keep pace with it. It is doubtful whether ordinary newspaper could be obtained to-day for thirty-five cents a pound if the invention of the manufacture of paper-pulp from wood, etc., had not been made. In 1863 " The American Wood-Paper Company" (of which Mr. Burgess is manager) was incorporated with two million dollars capital, and works on a large scale were put up at Manayunk. These works have the capacity for making about twenty tons of wood-pulp a day, and the Royer's Ford mill turns out about nine tons daily. The wood-pulp made by the " American Wood Paper Company" is sent to all parts of the country, and is converted into five grades of paper by the paper-mills in various localities. BUTLER, NOBLE, son of John Butler, of Philadelphia, came to Chester County, and married, 8, 18, 1727, Rachel Jones, of Goshen. A few years later they settled in Uwchlan township, and were members of Uwchlan Meeting, of which they were hoth overseers. In 1758, Noble fell under the censure of his friends for discounting notes at a higher percentage than they could approve. A committee appointed in the case reported that the complainant " had a bad bargain, but it was of his own seeking," yet as Noble declared he would do the like again if opportunities presented, he was disowned. He died about the year 1801. His children, so far as known, were,-1. John, m. 6, 5, 1760, to Elizabeth Samuel, of Radnor. 2. Enoch, m. 5, 29, 1755, Deborah Sway ne. 3. Bathsheba, m. John Mc-Owen, or McCowan, and removed to Shearman's Valley. 4. William, b. 4, 12, 1738; d. 3, 13, 1821 ; m. 4, 20, 1762, Jane Woodward, daughter of James and Ann (Pyle) Woodward, of West Bradford, b. 8, 3, 1739 ; d. 7, 1, 1814. 5. Benjamin. 6. Noble, m. to Susanna, daughter of William Beale, and said to have gone to Kentucky. The children of William and Jane Butler were Samuel, James, Amos, Ann, Rachel, Sarah, and William. James, born 7, 5, 1767 ; died 6, 27, 1837 ; married, 11, 19, 1812, Mary Phipps, daughter of Jonathan and Mary Phipps, of Uwchlan, by whom he had children,-Jonathan P., Joseph, William, now judge of the United States District Court for the Eastern District of Pennsylvania, Samuel, now State treasurer, and James. SAMUEL BUTLER, b. 2, 1, 1825, was raised on a farm, attended the public schools, and afterwards the Unionville Academy, over which that celebrated educator, Jonathan Gause, so long presided. He subsequently taught school eight years in this, Berks, and Butler Counties, and then resumed farming. His farm is a part of the old Phipps homestead and purchase. In 1876 he was elected to the Lower House of the Legislature, re-elected in 1878, and in 1879 was unanimously nominated by the State Republican Convention for State treasurer, and at the October election elected by 58,000 majority,-the largest given to any candidate of his party on the State ticket since war times. He was married in 1849 to Margaretta P. Woodward, from which union three children have blessed them,-Anna, Thomas S., and Henry J. CANE, JOHN, and wife Ann, from the county of Armagh, Ireland, were among the early settlers of Londongrove, but John did not long enjoy his new home. His widow is supposed to have married a person by the name of Todd. John Cane's certificate, from Friends of Bellyhagan, was presented to Newark Monthly Meeting 10, 5, 1713. John Cane, son of John, deceased, married, 9, 7, 1722, Rachel Malin, daughter of Randall and Mary, of Upper Providence. Ann Cane, his sister, married James Miller in 1722. Margaret Cane married John Todd in 1720, and Robert Cane married Ann Dixson in 1730, both probably children of John and Ann. CALDWELL, VINCENT, came from Derbyshire, England, about the year 1699, and brought a certificate to Darby Monthly Meeting, of which, for a time, he was a member. Though a young, unmarried man, he was a preacher of some note, and during his sojourn at Darby made a religious visit to Maryland with the approbation of the meeting. In 1703 he was married to Betty Peirce, daughter of George Peirce, of Thornbury, and soon after settled in Marlborough, Chester Co., where he died in 1720, aged forty-five years. He continued to be an approved minister till his death. His wife did not marry again, though she survived him thirty-seven years, having removed to 'Wilmington a short time before her death, which happened in 1757, in the seventy-seventh year of her age. She lived an ex, emplary life, attending strictly to her religious duties, and towards its close appeared in the ministry. They had five daughters, viz. : Ann ; Betty, m. to Joel Baily, r., 1724 ; Mary, m. to Joseph Gilpin, 1729 ; Hannah, b. 12, 12, 1711, m. to John Marshall, 1733 ; Ruth, m. to George BIOGRAPHICAL AND GENEALOGICAL - 493 Gilpin, 1737. From these have descended a numerous offspring. CALVERT, WlLLIAM, of Quaker parentage, came from Carlisle, in Cumberland, some time prior to 1759, and was for two or three years a member of Kennet Monthly Meeting, whence he removed to Philadelphia. CARLETON, MARK, and family came from Ireland bringing a certificate from Friends of Mountmellick, dated 4, 3, 1711. In 1713 his widow, Susannah, married Richard Parks, who settled in Goshen. Thomas Carleton, son of Mark and Susanna, was born at Ballyhakin, near Edenderry, 9, 18, 1699, and in 1720 settled in Kennet, Chester Co., where he married, 3, 20, 1730, Hannah Roberts, widow of Robert, and daughter of William Howell, of' Haverford. She was born 5, 17, 1689, and died 5, 6, 1758. Thomas died 9, 30, 1792. He and his wife were active members of Kennet Meeting, and both ministers. Their children were Susanna, who married Michael Harlan, and Thomas, born 8, 21, 1732, died 6, 26, 1803, who married, 10, 26, 1757, Lydia Gregg, daughter of Thomas and Dinah. They had children,-Hannah (married William Passmore), Dinah, Martha, Mark, Sarah, Samuel, Thomas, Lydia (married Abner Mendenhall); Thomas, and Caleb. CARLILE, WILLIAM, came from Ireland about 1763 or 1764, when his son William was eight years old, and settled on 310 acres, now at Lincoln University Station, the residence being that of Henry Cope. He married a second wife, the daughter of John Meas, and had a son, John Meas Carlile, who lived on Elk Creek, on land inherited by his mother. William, Sr., died Jan. 16, 1801, aged 85, and was buried at New London Church. William, Jr., entered the army at seventeen, and served in the campaign in New Jersey, at the battle of Trenton, etc. He married Mary, daughter of Col. Taylor, and settled on his father's farm, where he died, April 11, 1840, in his 85th year, and his widow, Sept. 2, 1846, at the same age. Their children were Elizabeth, who married David Carlile; Alice, married Gibson Creswell, who bought the homestead ; Jane, married Charles Wilson ; John, born Jan. 10, 1787, died Nov. 24, 1861, married Hannah Steele; William, unmarried. John Carlile served in the war of 1812. His wife, Hannah, daughter of John and Ann Steele, of New London, died Jan. 23, 1832, and he married twice afterwards. His son, John S. Carlile, of Avondale, with his partners, James Watson and William Miller, are manufacturers of agricultural and other machinery. CARMICHAEL, REV. JOHN, was born in Argyleshire, Scotland, Oct. 17, 1728. His parents were Donald and Elizabeth Carmichael, who emigrated to this country in 1737, and settled near Newark, N. J. John was graduated at Princeton College in 1759, and was licensed in May of the following year. In April, 1761, he was installed as pastor of the Presbyterian Church of the " Forks of Brandywine," known in common parlance as Brandywine Manor. He was an earnest, uncompromising friend of American liberty. Some time before the Revolution he devoted his pen, in a series of articles published in the papers, calling upon the people, while they should maintain fidelity to their king, to stoutly resist oppression by the English government. In 1775, one year before the Declaration of Independence by Congress, at the request of the militia of the town of Lancaster (Capt. Ross' company), he preached a sermon to them against the tyranny and usurpation of the crown of Great Britain. He succeeded in instilling the principles of patriotism into the minds of the people to whom he ministered to such an extent that when they were called upon to serve their country not a man of them hesitated or faltered. When Congress convened in Philadelphia he visited the members personally, urging them to action. As the war went on his activity in the cause was incessant. He and Rev. Robert Smith, of Pequea, were with the army at the battle of Brooklyn ; and when it lay at Valley Forge he literally stripped his house in supplying its needs. On one such visit, learning from Gen. Washington that they were greatly in need of linen with which to dress the wounds of the soldiers, he returned home and stated the fact to the people of his charge, observing to the women, " Now, each of you can spare so much linen," measuring off on his arm. In a day or so a large numher of small packages of linen were brought to his house, with which he filled two bags, and, mounting his horse, conveyed them to the camp. The timely supply was followed by a letter of grateful thanks from the commander-in-chief. At length the British set a price on his head, and when their army occupied Philadelphia many attempts were made to take him, which failed; his faithful people keeping scouts out all the time to warn him of danger. In his family Bible is found this entry : "On the 18th of October, 1777, was born to me a son. Since it pleased the great God of Providence to ordain he should be born the very day and hour that Gen. Burgoyne and his whole army had to come forth and ground their arms and resign themselves prisoners of war ; as Gen. Gates was the instrument in the hands of a kind and Divine Providence to effect this deliverance; and as our great, judicious Commander-in-Chief, General Washington, still continues to persevere amidst many difficulties to head the American army, I thought it my duty, as a memorial of these events, to call my son Washington Gates Carmichael." This son entered the United States army at an early age, and fell a victim to yellow fever at Fort St. Philip.* John Carmichael was thrice married, the last time, in 1775, to a daughter of Samuel Blair, of Fagg's Manor. She was the mother of Washington Gates, above mentioned. John Carmichael was an eloquent. man and a laborious, faithful minister,-one of' the noble band of pioneer clergymen of Pennsylvania, whose missionary excursions to preach and baptize often extended fifty or more miles. On one of these excursions, as shown by an entry in his journal, he baptized children of Mr. Bayard, of the well-known Bayard family, then living in Maryland, near the borders of Pennsylvania. He died Nov. 15, 1785. His will, which is on record in the register's office of Chester County, contains a synopsis of the doctrines and polity of the Pres- * With this officer the male line of Rev. Mr. Carmichael and family name became extinct. There are yet, however, lineal descendants of the blood through female lines: W. W. Nevin, Esq., of Philadelphia; Rev. Dr. Robert J. Nevin, of Rome, Italy ; John Carmichael Jenkins, Esq., of Natchez, Miss.; Mr. John Carmichael Nevin, of Philadelphia, and others. 494 - HISTORY OF CHESTER COUNTY, PENNSYLVANIA, byterian Church, as given in her standards, and an expression of his belief in them. It is a curious document. DR. JOHN FLAVEL CARMICHAEL was a son of Rev. John Carmichael, and was born at Brandywine Manor, Oct. 14, 1764. After graduating at Philadelphia, he entered the army in 1789 as surgeon's mate. In 1790 he followed the fortunes of Gen. Harmar to the West, and was with him during his campaign. In 1791 he was at the defeat of Gen. St. Clair, where he barely escaped with his life. Indefatigable in the discharge of duty, we find him till 1793 braving all the vicissitudes of Indian warfare, when he was commissioned as surgeon in Gen. Wayne's army, or legion, as it was called, where he remained until the death of that brave officer. In 1798 he was ordered to the South, under Gen. Wilkinson, where, after undergoing many privations, hardships, and dangers, he finally settled. It is a remarkable fact that he enjoyed the private confidence of each of the generals under whom he acted, and from the correctness of his judgment and his firm decision of character, he was frequently called upon to perform most important service, which invariably redounded to the benefit of the army. In the performance of one of these duties he received an honorable wound, which he carried to his grave. After leaving the army he settled at Cold Spring, Miss., where he practiced his profession, and where he owned and managed a cotton plantation. At the time he settled there the mass of the people of that region were Spanish and French adventurers of the worst class. Over these he exerted a controlling influence by his position and unflinching courage and his dignity of character, and the whole country there was deeply indebted to him for bringing the population under the control of law and morality, and giving a tone to society. He also, by his scientific knowledge, brought to greater perfection the cotton-planting interest. The inscription on his tomb thus truthfully portrays his character : " This monument covers the remains of John Flavel Carmichael, M.D., who was born in Brandywine Manor, Chester county, Penna., October 14, 1764, of Scottish and Puritan ancestors, and died in Mississippi, October 21, 1837. As a physician he was eminently skillful, as a soldier he shared in the arduous campaigns of Harmar, St. Clair, and Wayne against the Indians of the Ohio, and served as Surgeon in the American army for 17 years, with honor, patriotism, and courage. As a man he was honored and wept." CARPENTER, WILLIAM, from England, married Margaret, widow of Nathaniel Richards, of New Garden, and daughter of Allen Wiley. In 1746 he purchased 174 acres in that township, which he devised to his son John, and died early in the year 1748. His children were John, Thomas, Sarah, married to Michael Gregg; 12, 11, 1755, and Albina. John Carpenter, married at Kennet Meeting, 5, 2, 1759, Hannah Walter, daughter of Joseph and Jane, of Kennet, born 8, 30, 1741 ; died 5, 15, 1800. John died 3, 1, 1810, aged 76. His children were as follows : 1. William, b. 10, 10, 1761 ; 'd. 7, 31, 1797 ; m. Rachel Carter. 2. Joseph, b 1, 30, 1763 ; d. 10, 1, 1820 ; m. Rebecca Powell. 3. Albina, b. 12, 29, 1765 ; m. Jesse Morgan. 4. Hannah, b. 1, 4, 1768 ; m. John Jefferis. 5. 'Phebe, b. 1770 ; m. Dr. Abraham Baily. 6. Jane, b. 11, 24, 1772 ; m. William Webb. 7. Margaret, b. 1, 9, 1775 ; m. Joshua Powell. 8. John, b. 2, 10, 1777. 9. Isaac, b. 5, 5, 1779 ; d. 7, 23, 1833 ; m. Hannah Beaumont. 10. Rachel, b. 12, 3, 1782 ; m. Dr. Abraham Baily. 11. Cyrus, b. 8, 12, 1785 ; d. 11, 26, 1864 ; m. Sarah Worthington. Thomas Carpenter married Esther, daughter of Francis Trumble. He died 2, 1, 1815, aged 76, and she 8, 15, 1813, aged 73 years. Francis Carpenter, their son, born 2, 25, 1771, died 10, 6, 1857, married, 10, 15, 1795, Sarah Baily, who was born 10, 30, 1768, and died 5, 12, 1834, daughter of John and Hannah Baily, of Newlin. They resided in West Bradford, and had children,-Esther, Thomas, Sarah, Francis T., Edwin, Moses S., Albina B., and Hannah, who married John Worth, of East Bradford. CARTER, EDWARD, of Aston, in the parish of Bampton, Oxfordshire, England, came to Pennsylvania in 1682, and settled in Aston township, Chester Co. The name of his wife was Margaret, and they had an only son, Robert, who married Lydia Walley in 1688, and had children,-Prudence, b. 11, 6, 1689, m. Caleb Pusey, r., of Marlborough ; John, b. 4, 8, 1691, d. 2, 21, 1693 ; Hannah, b. 12, 22, 1692, m. Stephen Harlan ; Lydia, m. Joseph Coe-bourn, r., 3, 22, 1718 ; John, m. 1716 to Isabell Atkinson ; Edward ; Mary, m. to Thomas Harlan in 1720. GEORGE CARTER, " late of Bucklebury, in Berkshire, England," purchased a farm in 1714 on the Brandywine, at what was afterwards called Jefferis' Ford, where he died about the close of the year 1726. The maiden name of his wife, according to tradition, was Elizabeth Tull. She married a second husband, James Jefferis, March 3, 1728. The children of George Carter were five in number,-Anna, m. William Mack ; George, m. Lydia Worth ; Rachel, b. 1719, m. Abraham Marshall and Richard Baker ; Elizabeth, m. Samuel Worth ; John, b. 11, 26, 1723, d. 6, 14, 1770, m. Hannah Cope, 2, 10, 1746. George Carter, r., inherited the " upper plantation," of 260 acres, in East Bradford. He married, 4, 19, 1744, Lydia, daughter of Thomas Worth, his next neighbor ; she was born 9, 22, 1721, and died 6, 20, 1780. George was buried 6, 23, 1783. His children were,-1. Thomas, b. 6, 23, 1745. 2. George, b. 8, 21, 1747 ; d. 9, 3, 1813. 3. Joseph, b. 10, 5, 1749. 4. Mary, b. 6, 21, 1753. 5. Elizabeth, b. 2, 5, 1756. 6. Lydia, b. 9, 24, 1758 ; m. Isaac Davis. 7. Rachel, b. 6, 3, 1761 ; m. William Carpenter. 8. Rebecca, b. 4, 23, 1764. Of these George inherited the homestead, upon which he continued to reside. His wife, Ruth, daughter of George and Martha Martin, was born 1, 28,1757, and died 10, 19, 1843. Their children were Margaret, Emmor, Lydia, George, Joseph (married to Minerva Webb), Martha, Rebecca, and Ruth (married to Milton Marshall). The land was divided between the three sons, but is now owned by the Worth family. CHADS, FRANCIS (Chadsey, as the name was often written, or Chadsi, as he appears to have signed himself in 1688), doubtless came from Wiltshire, England, and settled in Chichester in 1684. The name of his first wife is believed to have been Hester, but it is not known that she left BIOGRAPHICAL AND GENEALOGICAL - 495 children. In 1695 he married Grace, daughter of Francis Stanfield, of Marple, and probably settled soon after on the Brandywine, at the ford which bears the family name. There he built a mill, perhaps in 1707, as there was difficulty between him and his neighbors at that time, presumably about the dam or water-right. The mill was there in 1710, but it appears in after-years to have gone down and the site was forgotten. When the foundations of the present mill were dug some timbers were found which were pronounced to be a part of the old structure. Francis Chads died about 1713, and his widow married, 7, 16, 1714, Gayen Stevenson. Their children were Sarah, m. Feb. 12, 1714, Mordecai Cloud ; John ; Grace, m. Thomas Clayton, 1724 ; Betty, m. William Pyle ; Ann, m. _____ Peterson ; Francis, who died young or unmarried. John Chads married, 8, 2, 1729, Elizabeth, daughter of Isaac and Catharine Richardson, of Whiteland, and probably built the old stone house at the north end of the village of Chads' Ford. In 1736 he established a ferry on the creek, and brought in a bill of £30 to the commissioners in the following year for building a " fflatt or Schowe." From the items in this and later bills it appears that a large cable-rope was stretched across the creek, and a windlass used to pull the boat back and forth. In 1760, just before his death, John Chads brought in a bill for rebuilding the boat, and among other items charges " for wood to burn ye old boat and ye trouble of ditto, £1." He died in the 10th or 11th month, 1760, leaving no children, but dividing his property among his relatives, of whom Joseph Davis, who married his niece, Hannah Cloud, appears to have been the favorite. He was licensed to keep a tavern in connection with the ferry in September, 1736, and continued in the business a few years, but in 1746 he was succeeded by his brother-in-law, James House, and though he continued to own the property he did not keep the tavern. Amos Harvey followed House in 1752, and Henry Hayes came next in 1757. His widow continued to reside in the old stone house, to which were attached 40 acres of land separate from the tavern, and at the time of the Revolution her nephew, Amos House, lived with her and farmed the land. She died about 1791. This name is generally and incorrectly written Chadds, but the signature of John Chads shows the latter spelling to be correct. CHALFANT, JOHN, obtained a warrant, 10, 22, 1701, for 250 acres of land in Rockland Manor, where he had settled two years previously. This was in what is now the lower part of Birmingham. He died in August, 1725, leaving sons, John and Robert. John, r., died about 1730, leaving sons, John, Solomon, and Robert, who appear to have been then grown up. The children of Robert, Sr., were Mary, b. Nov. 26, 1713, m. to ____ Shields; Elizabeth, b. Dec. 29, 1715, m. ____ Barnet ; Robert, b. Aug. 28, 1718, died young ; Thomas, b. Jan. 13, 1721, died young; Ruth, b. Oct. 15, 1723, m. to - Frame, ancestor of the late Robert Frame, of Birmingham ; Robert, b. Feb. 12, 1725 ; Thomas, b. March 2, 1729. The father died in 1767, leaving a widow, Martha. Robert Chalfant, supposed a son of John, Jr., married first Ann Bentley, daughter of John and Mary Bentley, of Newlin, and settled on land in that township. A house, said to have been built in 1732, upon which were their initials, was torn down about 1864 by George Young, the present owner of the property. Ann (Bentley) Chalfant left children,-John, Mary (Bonnal), Jane (Few), Ann (Ligget), Robert, and Elizabeth (Quay). The father married a second wife, Elizabeth, by whom he had children,-Jesse, Joseph, and Jonathan. He died in 1792. Whether all of the name are descended from the John first mentioned is unknown. Of course there is the usual tradition of " three brothers" in this case. HENRY CHALFANT, son of John, of West Marlborough, married, 8, 15, 1740, at Londongrove Meeting, Elizabeth Jackson, daughter of Thomas and Ann, and had children, -1. Jonathan, b. 4, 8, 1743 ; m. Ann Barnard, 12, 24, 1777. 2. Thomas, b. 11, 20, 1745-6 ; m. Phebe Hayes, 4, 5, 1775. 3. Henry, b. 5, 1, 1748 ; m. Susanna Swayne, 5, 17, 1775. 4. Ann, b. 12, 12, 1750-1. Elizabeth, b. 2, 2, 1754; m. Joseph Dickinson. 6. Jacob, b. 1, 11, 1758; m. -Barnard and McCorkle. 7. Mary, b. 8, 8, 1760. 8. Abner, b. 11, 16, 1762. 9. Caleb, b. 2, 7, 1766 ; m. Mary Dickinson, 5, 25, 1796. DAVID CHALFANT, of Pennsbury, son of Thomas, married, 10, 30, 1783, Frances Dowdall, daughter of John and Mary, of Marlborough. They had one son, Goodwin Chalfant, born 9, 8, 1788, who married Hannah Windle, 10, 14,1812, and resided in East Marlborough. Their children were David W., deceased ; William, living near Unionville ; Sidney, m. to Edwin James, of East Bradford ; Jane, m. to Joseph Dowdall, of New Garden ; Lydia, m. to Thomas F. Seal, of Unionville. David Chalfant, the grandfather, died 10, 3, 1832, aged 72 years, 2 months, 16 days ; and his widow, 7, 4, 1840, aged 85 years, 8 months, 13 days. WILLIAM CHALFANT married Esther Baker, daughter of Aaron and Mary, of West Marlborough, and had ten children,-Mary, Martha, Esther, Aaron, Phebe, Alice, William, Sarah, Elizabeth, and Susan,-all of whom were married, and several of them went West. Aaron bought a farm in Londonderry in 1796, where he died, Aug. 29, 1808. His wife was a daughter of John Wilson, who married a Todd. William Chalfant, son of Aaron, born in April, 1798, is now living at or near Chesterville, in Franklin township. CHAMBERLIN, ROBERT, of Concord, was the son of Elizabeth, wife of Francis Hickman, by a former husband, and was doubtless born in the neighborhood of Marlborough, in Wiltshire, England. Some of Elizabeth's children came to this country in advance of their mother. The latter, in her will, 1698, mentions her sons-in-law, Richard Ridgway, Richard Arnold, and Charles Jones, who must have married Chamberlins. Robert and Mary Chamberlin had the following children : 1. Susanna, b. 7, 13, 1691 ; m. John Pyle. 2. John, b. 10, 1, 1692. 3. Robert, b. 8, 17, 1694. 4. Mary, b. 10, 21, 1698 ; m. Daniel Pyle. 5. Jacob, b. 2, 30, 1702. 6. Joseph. John Chamberlin (2) married, 10, 21, 1721, at Concord 496 - HISTORY OF CHESTER COUNTY, PENNSYLVANIA. Meeting, Lettice, daughter of Moses Key, and lived in Aston, where he died in 1732. His widow married Thomas Vernon in 1734. John's children were Mary, b. 4, 1, 1723, m. Joseph Baker and Andrew McCoy ; William, b. 11, 24, 1724, m., 9, 16, 1748, to Martha Palmer (see genealogy of Palmer family) ; Elizabeth, b. 4, 25, 1726, m. William Hughes ; John, b. 12, 12, 1728, m. Jane Thompson Isaac, b. 6, 25, 1729 ; Ann, b. 11, 21, 1731, m. Charles Ryan. Robert Chamberlin (3) married first Sarah Woodward, and second Cicely , and died in Concord in the winter of 1731-32, leaving children,-Jacob, Susanna, Robert, John, and James. Joseph Chamberlin (6) married, 2, 19, 1726, Susanna, daughter of Joseph and Lydia Sharpless, of Middletown, and settled on a farm in Concord. They had three children,-Mary, Hannah, married to Robert Pennell, and Benjamin, who married Elizabeth Mercer. CHAMBERLAIN, JONAS, came from Ireland, bringing a certificate from Friends of Edenderry, dated 11, 5, 1731, and settled in Sadsbury, Lancaster Co. He married, 8, 9, 1734, Jane, daughter of Alexander Bane, of Goshen. He died 9, 8, 1771, and his widow 3, 4, 1777. Their children were Joshua, Hannah, Jane, Mary, Hannah, Jonas, Joseph, William, and Jane. Joshua married, 11, 24, 1756, Mary, and Jonas married, 12, 3, 1766, Elizabeth! daughters of Joseph Powel, of Sadsbury, Chester Co.. and had each large families. CHAMBERS, JOHN, son of William, born Dec. 28, 1662, died 10, 7, 1730, married (for first wife, it is presumed) Elizabeth Austwick, baptized May 24, 1658, daughter of Philip Austwick. John Chambers, " of Acaster (?) Selby, in the county of the city of York," yeoman, and Deborah Dobson, daughter of Richard Dobson, deceased, of Tollerton, in the county of York, were married April 13, 1699. John Chambers and family brought a certificate from Friends of York, England, dated 1, 6, 1712-3, which was presented in Philadelphia, after which they went over into New Jersey for a time. In 1715 they settled on White Clay Creek, in the edge of New Castle County, on a farm known then and since as the " Hopyard." Deborah Chambers died 4, 24, 1731. The children of John Chambers were as follows : 1. John, b. April 20, 1690 ; d. 2, 2, 1717. 2. William, b. March 17, 1692 ; d. 3, 30, 1761. 3. Richard, b. June 20, 1700. 4. Joseph, b. Feb. 5, 1704. 5. Mary, b. Jan. 7 (?), 1707 ; m. Samuel Jackson, of Marlborough. William Chambers married, 8, 22, 1729, Elizabeth, daughter of John and Mary Miller, of New Garden ; she was born 1704, and died 2, 18, 1783. They lived in White Clay Creek hundred, and had the following children : 6. William, b. 6, 8, 1731 ; d. 8, 11, 1735. 7. Mary, b. 11, 27, 1732 ; m. James Wollaston and Robert Johnson. 8. Deborah, b. 9, 6, 1734 ; d. 3, 12, 1760. 9. Joseph, b. 4, 25, 1736 ; d. 6, 5, 1742. 10. William, twin with Joseph, d. 9, 27, 1760. 11. John, b. 1, 4, 1738. 12. Elizabeth, b. 11, 4, 1740 ; d. 5, 27, 1742. 13. Hannah, b. 8, 14, 1741 ; d. 6, 7, 1742. 14. Elizabeth, b. 5, 14, 1743 ; m. Daniel Thompson. 15. Joseph, b. 1, 23, 1745. Richard Chambers (3) married, 4, 19, 1729, Elinor, sister of William's wife, and had children,-16. John, b. 1, 26, 1730. 17. Mary, b. 7, 13, 1731. 18. Martha, b. 10th mo., 1736. 19. Sarah, b. 11, 20, 1740. 20. Samuel, b. 1, 8, 1742. 21. Hannah, b. 2, 6, 1744. 22. Benjamin. 23. Joshua. John Chambers (11) married, 12, 15, 1762, Rebecca, daughter of Joshua Johnson, of Londongrove, and probably settled in that township. Their children were William, Joshua, Elizabeth, Caleb, Mary, Sarah, David, and Phebe. William married Susanna Pusey, 11, 17, 1790, and was the father of John P. Chambers, whose sons, Edwin (deceased) and Cyrus, are well known as inventors and machinists. Joseph Chambers (15) married, 5, 21, 1767, Amy, daughter of James Thompson, and had a son Joseph, who married, 11, 16, 1809, Deborah Phillips, and resided in New Garden. His children were Lydia, Amy, Mary Ann, Mahlon, Joseph P., Deborah, and Sarah. John Chambers (16) married Sarah, daughter of David and Rachel (Harris) Black, and had children,-Joshua, Newton, Isaac, Elinor, Richard, b. 8, 16, 1775, d. 8, 17, 1863 ; Deborah, John, and David. Richard's children were Sarah, Margaret, John W., Caroline, David M., Elizabeth, and Richard. CHANDLEE, BENJAMIN, son of William Chandlee, of Kilmore, in the county of Kildare, Ireland, came to Philadelphia, and learned the trade of a clock and watchmaker with Abel Cottey, whose daughter Sarah he married, 3, 25, 1710, and about 1715 settled on a tract of land in Nottingham which had belonged to her father. There he built a smithy and made brass cow-bells, then much needed. In 1741 they sold the property and removed to Wilmington, where he died about 1745. The children of Benjamin and Sarah were Mary, m. to Neal McCaskey ; Cottey, d. 10, 9, 1807, aged ninety-four years, 5 months, 21 days ; William, m. Mary Elgar ; Benjamin, m., in 1750, Mary, daughter of Goldsmith Edward Folwell, of Wilmington. He settled in the village at Brick Meeting, and with his brother Cottey manufactured clocks, compasses, etc. CHANDLER, GEORGE, the ancestor of the family in this county, left his home at Greathodge, in Wiltshire, England, in 1687, with his wife Jane and seven children, -Jane, George, Thomas, Swithin, William, Charity, and Ann. The father died at sea on the 13th of December in that year, but before the close of the following year his widow found a second husband, William Hawkes, of Chichester, (now) Delaware Co. John Chandler, a brother of the elder George, came perhaps at the same time, but does not appear to have had a family. His home in England was at Oare, in the parish of Wileott. The early records of that parish show that the Chandlers were an old family there. In 1602, John, the son of Thomas Chandler, was baptized, and in 1613, William, the son of Swithin Chandler. April 8, 1633, George, the son of John and Annie Chandler, was baptized. This may have been the emigrant, but it is uncertain. Swithin Chandler, son of the latter, was born 6, 24, 1674. Jane Chandler, Jr., married Robert Jefferis, of Chichester, afterwards of East Bradford, Chester Co. George, r., BIOGRAPHICAL AND GENEALOGICAL - 497 married Ruth Bezer, and remained in Chichester, where he died in 1714. Swithin married Ann -, and settled in Birmingham township, on the Brandywine, but subsequently removed to Christiana Hundred, Del. William married Ann Bowater, and after some years settled in Londongrove township, where he died in 1746. Thomas married Mary Mankin, and settled on the Brandywine, in Birmingham. He left no children, but made his nephew Thomas, son of William, his principal heir. Charity probably died young. Ann married Samuel Robins, and died in Philadelphia, 8, 10, 1758. As far as has been ascertained, the following are the names and births of the children : Of JANE : Patience, Charity, William, James, Robert, George, Jane, Anne, Mary, Benjamin. Thomas, John. Of GEORGE : George, Ruth, John, Isaac, Rachel, Susanna, and others. Of SWITHIN : Jacob, b. 2, 9, 1705 ; Charity, b. 1, 20, 1707 ; Ann, b. 2, 1, 1709 ; Jane, b. 3, 11, 1711 ; Sarah, b. 3, 20, 1713 ; Swithin, b. 10, 1, 1715 ; Thomas, b. 10, 3, 1718 ; Margaret, b. 5, 6, 1721 ; Mary, b. 5, 18, 1723 ; Phebe, b. 3, 31, 1726 ; Betty, b. 1, 25, 1729 ; Hannah, b. 4, 4, 1732. Of WILLIAM : Jane, b. 3, 1, 1713 ; Lydia, b. 8, 2, 1714 ; Samuel, b. 3. 17, 1716 ; William, b. 2, 20, 1718 ; John, b. 1, 20, 1719-20; Ann, b. 12, 27, 1721 ; Thomas, b. 6, 11, 1794 ; Moses, Mary. Of ANN : Sarah and others. CHARLTON.-This family is supposed to have settled first in Maryland, where Edward Charlton owned an estate, in Prince George's County, which prior to 1739 bore the name of " Charleton Forest." Thomas Charlton, of Londonderry, died in 1743, leaving a wife, Alice, and children, -John, Thomas, Arthur, Poynton, Isabella, Ann, Jane, Elinor, Mary, and Lettice,-some of whom were then married. Henry Charlton, of the same township, died in 1745, leaving a wife, Isabella, and children,-Thomas, John, Edward, Henry, Lettice,-and son-in-law, John Charlton. The property now in possession of Thomas M. Charlton, near Penn Station, is held by deed from Christiana Gulielma Penn, dated 1758. CHEYNEY, JOHN, the ancestor of this family, died in Middletown township in 1722, leaving two sons, John and Thomas. These became the owners of 1500 acres in Thornbury in 1724, and some of the land still remains in the family. John Cheyney, r., married Ann, daughter of Benjamin and Ann Hickman, and died about 1745, leaving five children,-Thomas, b. Dec. 12, 1731, d. Jan. 12, 1811 ; John, b. June 20, 1733, d. Oct. 8, 1806 ; Joseph, b. Jan. 12, 1735, d. Aug. 10, 1794 ; Mary, b. Feb. 1, 1737, d. Sept. 30, 1820 ; Richard, b. March 23, 1739, d. June 17, 1791. Thomas Cheyney married Elizabeth Hickman, a sister of his brother's wife, and died August, 1728. His children were Mary, and Ann, b. Feb. 21, 1727-8, m. to James Jefferis. Thomas Cheyney, son of John and Ann, m. in 1755 Mary Taylor, widow of Philip, and daughter of John and Margaret Riley, of Marcus Hook, formerly of England. She died in 1766, and in 1769 he married Mary, widow of - 63 - Abraham Vernon, and daughter of William Bennett. She died July 9, 1819. Ills children were Ann, Lucy (m. Benjamin Hickman), Richard, Mary, John, Alice (m. Francis Hickman), Elizabeth (m. James Hickman), and William. He was a justice of the peace, and an earnest Whig in the time of the Revolution (see p. 70), and one of the most intelligent and progressive farmers of his day. He was known far and near as Squire Cheyney. He was buried in the family graveyard, a short distance northward from Cheyney Station. Joseph Cheyney, his brother, married Edith Mendenhall, and had thirteen children, of whom the youngest was named Waldron, in remembrance of relatives of that name in England. Mary Cheyney, daughter of John, married Richard Riley, Esq., of Marcus Hook. Richard Cheyney, the youngest son, married Mary, daughter of John Hannum, of Concord, and had children, -John, William, Charles, Jane, Elizabeth, and Mary. CHURCHMAN, JOHN, from Saffron Waldon, in Essex, England, came to Pennsylvania about the year 1682, being then about 17 years of age. A relative, George Churchman, also came hither, and in 1689 was complained of by Chester Monthly Meeting for coining money. Susanna Churchman, of Chester township, married, 9, 26, 1690, Joseph Coebourn, and George and John Churchman were among the witnesses. John was married in 1696 to Hannah Cerie, daughter of Thomas and Sarah Cerie, formerly of Oxford, in Oxfordshire, England, who is said to have come over in the same vessel, being then about six years old. Her father died in 1683, and her mother was married again to - Buzby. John and Hannah were among the first settlers in Nottingham, where he died in 1724, and she 9, 22, 1759. Their children were ten in number,-George, b. 7, 13, 1697, d. 4, 29, 1767 ; Dinah, b. 6, 7, 1699, m. Messer Brown ; Susanna, b. 7, 13, 1701, m. William Brown ; John, b. 8, 29, 1703, d. 9, 8, 1703 ; John (2), b. 6, 4, 1705, d. 7, 24, 1775 ; Thomas, b. 11, 16, 1707-8, d. 4, 8, 1788 ; Miriam, b. 8, 25, 1710, m. to James Brown ; Edward, b. 9, 14, 1713, d. 12 mo. 1732-3 ; Sarah, b. 3, 17, 1716, d. 8, 2, 1750, m. Joseph Trimble ; William, b. 11, 29, 1720, m. Abigail Brown. John Churchman, r , married, 11, 27, 1729, Margaret Brown, daughter of William and Esther. They were both ministers, and he spent upwards of four years on a religious visit to Great Britain. Margaret died 7, 28, 1770, about the 64th year of her age. Their only son, George, was born 8, 28, 1730, and died 11, 18, 1814. He married, 5, 28, 1752, Hannah, daughter of Mordecai and Gainor James, who was born 1, 11, 1728, and died 10, 16, 1789.. They had ten children,-John, Mordecai, Edward, Micajah, Margaret, Gainer, George, Joseph, Hannah, and Hannah (2). Several members of the family were surveyors, but the most ingenious in this line was John, the son of George, .born in East Nottingham, 5, 29, 1753. About the year 1778 he executed a map of the penin- 498 - HISTORY OF CHESTER COUNTY, PENNSYLVANIA. sula between the bays of Delaware and Chesapeake, including the State of Delaware and the eastern shore of Maryland and Virginia. About the year 1790 he constructed a Variation Chart or Magnetic Atlas, and a Stereographic Projection of the Spheres, on a Plane of the First Magnetic Meridian, on a new plan, with a book of explanation, on which account he met with violent opposition from some characters of eminence in the learned world (as appears by publications yet extant), who could not relish that an obscure and self-taught genius should acquire ideas that had so long escaped the penetration of men who had long been familiar with the illuminations of science. But whilst he was thus persecuted in the land of his nativity, he maintained an encouraging correspondence with Sir Joseph Banks, Esq., Bart., President of the Royal Society of London, II. Parker, Secretary of the Commission of Longitude ; also with the commissioners and secretaries of several learned societies and academies at Hamburg, Prussia, St. Petersburg, Copenhagen, Lisbon, Cambridge, Paris, etc., and with George Washington, Thomas Jefferson, and other liberal-minded men in America, who were pleased to say they highly approved of his laudable design of improving magnetic observations; that they acknowledged the originality and usefulness of his ideas and schemes; that the subject would derive no small increase from his ingenious works ; that it was a work of great merit, and might be of use in navigation ; that they advised him to pursue with diligence a subject wherein his progress authorized a reasonable hope that science would derive real increase, etc. In 1792 he embarked on a voyage to England and France, in order to pursue his researches, as also with a view to apply his scheme to find the longitude at sea. He returned about the year 1796. Having received invitation from a learned society in Russia, he visited Copenhagen, and thence to St. Petersburg, where he met with great attention, was elected member of the Imperial Academy of Arts and Sciences, and received a golden medal with the diplomatic honors thereof. He arrived in London in the year -, still pursuing his studies with undeviating diligence. lie received a silver medal from a society as an acknowledgment of some ingenious topographical discoveries. Sitting up late one night at his accustomed labors, he was found fallen in a paralytic affection, from which, after a few months, he so far recovered as to embark for home in the ship " William Murdoch," Capt. Horn. He never arrived, but died at sea, in the ship, 17th of the 7th month, 1805, aged about fifty years. CLAYTON, WILLIAM, with his family, arrived in the ship " Kent" from London, in company with certain commissioners sent out by the proprietors of New Jersey to purchase lands from the Indians, etc. In 1678-9 (March) he purchased the share of Hans Oelson, one of the original grantees of Marcus Hook, and settled at that place. As a Quaker, he was an active and consistent member, and likewise took a part in political affairs. He was a member of Governor Markham's Council, and also of that of the proprietary after his arrival, while at the same time he served as one of the justices of the court of Upland County, and subsequently for that of Chester County, presiding at the first court held in Pennsylvania under the proprietary government. He died in 1689, leaving a widow, Prudence, and the following children, if not more : Prudence, m. to Henry Reynolds, 11, 10, 1678 ; Honour, m. to James Browne, 6, 8, 1679 ; William, m. to Elizabeth Bezer, 1682; and Mary, to John Beals, in the same year. William Clayton, Jr., died in Chichester about 1727, leaving a widow, Elizabeth, and children,-William, Richard, Rachel, married to Thomas Howell, Edward, Ambrose, Thomas, and Abel. His daughter Elizabeth, born 5, 12, 1685, is not mentioned in his will, but she married Daniel Davis in 1705. William (3) married Mary, daughter of Walter Marten, of Chichester, and died about December, 1757. His children were Mary, m. to Nineveh Carter; William, m. Mary Evans, of Uwchlan ; Lydia, m. John Spruce and Abraham Carter ; Sarah, m. John Phipps ; Moses ; Prudence, m. to John Ford ; Patience, m. to Henry Grubb ; and David. Edward Clayton married, 12, 25, 1713, Ann Whitaker, daughter of James, and settled in Bradford, on the southwest side of the present village of Marshallton. The Friends' Meeting property is a part of the land. He died about 1760. His children were John, Elizabeth, Hannah, m. Robert Green ; Joshua, b. 1, 8, 1725 ; William, b. about 1728, d. 4, 16,1814 ; Sarah, m. Joseph Thornbury ; and Susanna, m. to Isaac Spackman. Joshua married, 5, 16, 1753, Martha Baker, daughter of Aaron and Mary, of West Marlborough, and continued to reside on a part of his father's land. His children were Aaron, b. 4, 2, 1754, m. 6, 9, 1779, to Sarah Baily ; Mary, m. Enoch Speakman ; Joshua ; Samuel, m. Ann Speakman ; Hannah, m. Amos Speakman ; Jacob, Martha, Caleb, Rachel, Susanna, and Isaac. William Clayton, son of Edward, married, 3, 24, 1750, Abigail Woodward, daughter of Henry and Mary, of East Bradford ; second wife, Mary, died 3, 8, 1825. Their daughter Ann died 4, 7, 1825 ; son James, 9, 1, 1827, aged 49 ; and son Thomas, 12, 20, 1864, aged about 85. CLEAVER, ISAAC, married (about 1794) Ann Sturges, and settled near " King of Prussia," in Montgomery County. He was a blacksmith, and had the following children : Lydia, Ann, Hannah, Hiram, Samuel, Phineas, Catharine, John, and Sarah, all of whom save John lived to a good old age. About 1822 the father and mother, with four of their children, accompanied Rev. Thomas Roberts, pastor of the Great Valley Baptist Church, Tredyffrin township, and some others, as missionaries to the Cherokee Indians in Virginia, returning after an absence of about two years. Isaac died in March, 1828, aged 60 years, and Ann, his wife, August, 1836, aged 63. Hiram, the first son, married Jane, daughter of Enoch Abraham, November, 1832, and for a number of years followed his occupation, blacksmithing, at the Spread Eagle shops, Radnor, Pa. After the death of his father-in-law he purchased of the estate the homestead farm, on the Lancaster turnpike, one mile east of Spread Eagle. The railroad built by the State-now Pennsylvania Railroad-passed through the BIOGRAPHICAL AND GENEALOGICAL - 499 property, upon which there was a station named for the owner, Hiram Cleaver. This farm he owned until 1869, when he sold it to J. Henry Askin, who had purchased a tract of several hundred acres adjacent to the railroad station, the name of which he had changed to Wayne. Jane, wife of Hiram Cleaver, died April, 1854, and in 1856 he married Sarina D., daughter of John Jones, of Tredyffrin township. He served as representative in the Legislature, session of 1857 and 1858. He was also fifteen years justice of the peace in Radnor township. After the sale of his Radnor township farm, he purchased one of J. P. Hutchinson, known as " Cottage Home," one-fourth of a mile north of Leopard, in Easttown township, which was his residence until the time of his death, July, 1877, aged 76 years. ISAAC ABRAHAM CLEAVER was the only child of the last named who lived to manhood. He was born on the farm in Radnor, May 12. 1843, and was educated at the common schools, of which his father had long been a director. Sept. 11, 1861, at the age of eighteen, he enlisted, with several other members of the Great Valley Baptist Church, in Co. C, 97th Regt. Pa. Vols., and served his country with fidelity until September, 1804, when he was honorably discharged and returned to his father's home. He was severely wounded by a ball in his left foot in the fearful charge on the enemy's works at Green Plains, Va., May 20, 1864. In January, 1865, he married Mary B., daughter of Henry and Sarah Kaufman, of Easttown township, and for three years engaged in working his father's farm in Radnor township. In the summer of 1868 he embarked in the mercantile business in Berwyn (then Reeseville), occupying the old store stand, which building becoming too small for his increasing business, in the winter of 1870 he erected his present large and commodious store and residence, as shown in the accompanying engraving. The children of Isaac A. and Mary B. Cleaver were Frank, Eugene, Jane, Mary, Sarah, and Eliza, of whom but two, Eugene and Jane, are living, the others, with their mother, having " entered into rest." In February, 1876, he married M. Lizzie, daughter of John Gropp, of Tredyffrin township. Mr. Cleaver has since his residence in the village of Berwyn been its postmaster, secretary of its school board, and merits the reputation of being an active and enterprising merchant. CLINGAN, William Clingan (often written Clinghan) was a sterling, patriotic citizen and magistrate of West Caln township, Chester Co., during the Revolutionary contest. He appears to have held the commission of justice of the peace by successive appointments from the year 1757 to 1786, and for the last six years was president of the county courts. In 1777 he was one of the sufferers by the ravages of the enemy. From 1777 to 1779 he was a member of the Continental Congress. In 1778 he was a member of the Congress which adopted the Articles of Confederation. In 1779 he was appointed to receive subscriptions and transmit the same to the loan officer, agreeably to the resolve of Congress of June 29th for borrowing twenty millions of dollars. The first regular movements for transferring the seat of justice in Chester County from Chester to West Chester was an act of Assembly, passed March 20, 1780, wherein William Clingan was the first-named commissioner to effect that object. It was not accomplished, however, until 1786. The residence of Mr. Clingan was a short distance west of the village of Wagontown, on the " Old Lancaster road." It afterwards belonged to the Schrack family, and is now owned by Abraham Brubaker. The building is of stone, and was doubtless considered a large and complete structure when built. At one time during the career of the noted robbers, the Doanes, Mr. Clingan was visited by them. In some business transactions he had received a large amount of money in gold, and the visit of the Doanes had reference to this treasure, which they supposed was in the house. While searching for it one of them announced that he had found it. Mr. Clingan's desk had been opened, and there stood a large leathern bag full of money, and seizing a violin which was in the house, as they said, to have a jubilation over their good luck, they mounted their horses and were off. The bag, however, which they supposed to contain the gold was simply filled with coppers, the church collections as he had brought them home from Sunday to Sunday, and which, when he had a quantity on hand, he exchanged for larger money. One of the gang, afterwards executed, was visited by Mr. Clingan in prison, and he told him of their chagrin when they discovered their mistake. An incident of his time may be worth noting as showing the spirit which animated the people during the Revolutionary struggle. At the marriage of William Clingan, r. (a nephew of the subject of this notice), June 17, 1778, there were present a number of young gentlemen and ladies, and it appeared that every gentleman in attendance had performed a tour of duty in the military service of the country. After the marriage ceremony a motion was made, and agreed to by all present, " that the young unmarried ladies should form themselves into an association, by the name of ' The Whig Association of the Unmarried Young Ladies of America,' in which they would pledge their honor never to give their hand in marriage to any gentleman until he had first proved himself a patriot in promptly turning out when called to defend his country, by a spirited and brave conduct, inasmuch as they were unwilling to be mothers of a race of slaves and cowards." Squire Clingan died at an advanced age, May 9, 1790, and was interred in Upper Octorara burial-grounds. He left no descendants. The William Clingan, Jr., whose marriage is here referred to married Jane Roan, a daughter of Rev. John Roan and Ann (Cochran) Roan. Mrs. Roan was a sister of Dr. James Cochran, and was an aunt of Samuel Cochran, of whom sketches are herein given. She died April 22,1788, and was buried at Upper Octorara. William Clingan, Jr., was born in West Calif township in 1756, and some years after his marriage removed to the Buffalo Valley, in (now) Union County, where he resided until his death, at the age of sixty-five. Mr. Clingan was a prominent and influential personage on the frontiers during and subsequent to the war of the Revolution. He died May 24, 1822, his wife surviving until May 7, 1838. They left seven children,—Margaret, John, Annie, Thomas, Elizabeth, George, and Flavel.