BIOGRAPHICAL AND GENEALOGICAL - 625 LAMBORN, ROBERT, son of Josiah and Ann, of Berkshire, was one of the early and prominent settlers in Londongrove township, where he died 11, 22, 1775. His children were Robert, b. 6, 3, 1723, d. 12th mo., 1801 ; William, b. 10, 31, 1725, m. Sarah Hayes ; Ann, b. 8, 8, 1728, m. Samuel Fisher ; Elizabeth, b. 11, 31, 1730, m. Thomas Fisher ; Francis, b. 1, 8, 1733 ; John, b. 12, 15, 1736 ; Thomas, b. 3, 9, 1738 ; Josiah, b. 3, 9, 1738, m. Sarah Jackson ; Sarah, b. 2, 21, 1741, m. Griffith Mendenhall. Robert Lamborn, Jr., married Ann, daughter of Jesse and Alice Bourne, of Patuxent, Md., and had fourteen children. His son Robert .married Martha, daughter of John and Joanna Townsend, of East Bradford, and had children,-Joanna, Ann, Townsend, Sarah, Jesse, Susanna, Mary, Margaret, Martha, and Robert. He was born 4, 8, 1751, and died 12, 7, 1817. The following bit of family history was written by him : " 20th of 3d m. 1814.-That which hath often occupied my thought for some years past, this day opened to view with such clearness in manner & form yt I was induced to make the first attempt to select some occurrences from the stretch of memory & otherwise as I may be enabled in order to leave for the observance of posterity with a hope yt my intentions may be collected & understood. " A Genealogical sketch of our family which have been collected from tradition from record and from recollection, designed for the information & satisfaction of posterity who may be inclined to enquire who their progenitors were--with some observations, remarks & occurrences of my life for more than half a century. " First, my Grandfather's Name was Robert Lamborn & one of the sons of Josiah Lamborn of Berkshire in Old England who in or about the seventeenth year of his age obtained the consent of his father to come to America, his mother having been friendly to his embarcage with some friends who came from Europe about two years before ; with whom he had contracted a friendly intercourse; And now having obtained his fathers approbation also. And he said he was accompanied to London by his parents & there they bid a final farewell to each other-they strewing their tears up street in their return And he in a forlorn and broken manner plentifully strewed his tears as he passed down street to the ship in which he took his passage, and arrived in Philadelphia in America in the year 1713; and for some years he lived in and about Darby, Chester, &c. with a respectable family. The man's name was Wm Horn whose patronage proved highly beneficial to him in the first adventures of life, both as a guardian & a father to a destitute youth, & a stranger in a strange Land; and he having arrived more fully to maturity & being disposed to Make some settlement in ye world, he with the advice of his old friend Wm Horn & others purchased a Lot of Land in the then wilderness, in the township of Londongrove & about one half mile west of that meeting house in the County of Chester. And at that time knew himself to be the farthest West white inhabitant in America, with one exception which was about four miles farther W. lived a man of the name of Ranthro on the land since known and occupied by Joseph Pennock & Levis his son, both men of my knowledge. " And after having made some improvements in clearing the ground & cultivating the soil of the Wilderness & building a but or cabbin, antient conclusions revived in his mind that it was not good for man to be alone. Therefore he paid his addresses to a Daughter of Francis Swayn the friend from Europe under whose charge his mother was want to have placed him to have come to America as noted before. "It may be some information here to observe the situation & disposition of our Society in that day. As my Grand father was born a member & Baptised as such agreeable to the usual customs & ceremonies of the established Episcopal Church of England & had not requested to become a member of the Society of friends, yet was admitted to & Indulged in the performance of his marriage with a member of our society in the then usual mode in practice amongst frds. All the certificate he had (as I was informed) was the vocal testimony of his old patron & frd. Wm Horn who informed the meeting - 79 - that he had been long acquainted with Robt Lamborn & knew him to be a sober young man, & therefore he was admitted to accomplish his marriage with Sarah the Daughter of Francis Swayne on the fifth day of the Eighth month (at this time the 10th mo as March was then ye first m.) in the year 1722. And having no farther right as a member of our society until after the birth of my father, which was the eldest, and one other son was born, which must have been some years Sr, through the whole course of this time bared of none of the privilidges of the Society. But here it became observed by some frd that there was no record of his admission & it was thought most advisable for him to make a formal request for himself & his two minor children. This advice being comply'd with he & they then became acknowledged members of our Society as from the records of Newgarden Monthly Meeting may more fully appear. Here was his settlement early in life, early in the Cultivation of the wilds of America, and as it were on the margin of civilised society, the Indian natives being his nearest neighbours & his most frequent visitants, of whom my Grd father spoke high in favor of their veracity, hospitality and social intercourse; all in the greatest harmony and confidence. Their customs were then as have been their practice since in their native state to depend on the chase in the forest or wilderness for their sustenance A supply of provisions & clothing; what a toilsome mode of obtaining what to them was everything. And in these their excursions frequently wet cold & weary & oft times after night & perhaps almost all hours of the night would use the freedom to open the door, rouse up the fire, cook roast or broil of their venison, regale themselves & then stretch down on ye floor, feet to the fire & in this situation they were frequently found by the old Patriarch, my grandfather, in the morning, & sometimes to the number of 6...8...or 10. " What native socialty-No fears on either side-all friendship and a benevolent disposition cherished in the fullest confidence to comfort and oblige one another. Now rouse up stretch their stiffened & weary limbs then relate in turn of their good or bad fortune of the preceeding day. All were sharers with the fortunate if one only was lucky all shared alike in the remainder of ye Game as they frequently took a part with them fur present needs & left the rest suspended on the top of a saplin bent. Oft times Lobats horse must go for the venison (this was their mode of pronouncing Robert) but Lobat was sure to obtain his share with them freely given; And sometimes ' you, Lobet, Go bring Indian vension, Indian tired go bring im-up such a run or such a Creek yonder bill or valley you find 'im.'" LARKIN, JOHN, a resident in Chichester in 1724, was married, Oct. 29, 1731, to Esther, daughter of Roger Shelley, of Chichester, and in after-years was a forgeman at Sarum Iron-Works, in Thornbury. He and his wife became members of the Society of Friends in 1744, and many of their descendants continue to hold the same profession. Of the children of John and Esther Larkin, of Bethel, William was married, 10, 7, 1756, to Jane Smedley ; Elizabeth, m. 12, 30, 1761, to John Coebourn ; Prudence, m. Joseph 'Way ; Joseph, m. Ann Salkeld ; Isaac, b. 8, 25, 1744, m. Sarah Brinton and Rachel Way ; Phebe, m. to William Million Joseph Larkin married Ann, the daughter of John and Elizabeth Salkeld, and granddaughter of John and Agnes Salkeld, of Chester. She was born 9, 27, 1747. Joseph died 8, 13, 1826, aged 87 years. Their children were John, Elizabeth, Sarah, Joseph, Nathan, and Salkeld. Of these, John m. 3, 18, 1789, Martha Thomas, b. 2, 22, 1765, daughter of Isaac and Mary, of Willistown. Their children were Isaac, Thomas, Joseph, Ann, Mary, Mordecai, Eliza, Townsend T., John, Martha, and Hannah. MORDECAI LARKIN was born in Concord township, Delaware Co., 9th mo. 31, 1797. He learned the milling business in Chichester, and in the spring of 1825 purchased a farm and mills in what is now Upper Uwchlan township, Chester Co. In 1820 he married Sarah Rogers, of Chi- 626 - HISTORY OF CHESTER COUNTY, PENNSYLVANIA. chester, by whom he had seven children, all now living except one. His wife and companion of sixty years died 5th mo. 10, 1880. He has been a diligent reader, deeply interested in natural science, philosophy, and metaphysical inquiries. His recollections extend over all of the present century, and would form a history of themselves if written. He has written many poetical effusions, which have been published in the county press, one of which is subjoined : REPLY TO AN ANGEL MOTHER. From where the blest in joy and rapture dwell, Our angel mother comes her love to tell. A mother's love! What language can unfold? More prized than silver or refined gold. What word or title earth can boast or claim So sweet as Mother ? Heaven-invented name! A thousand loves lie wrecked within the past, But thine shall live; thy truth forever last. How recollection strongly calls to view The painful scene when thy kind shade withdrew. In hopeless grief I mourned around thy grave, And saw the grass above thy bosom wave; Thus pale in death, and fled from mortal eyes, I little thought to greet thee from the skies; Truth's lamp I sought, yet destined still to find Conflicting creeds; the sightless lead the blind. How vain are creeds, while unrevealed the doom Of friends and kindred fled beyond the tomb ! When angel hands had rent death's midnight veil, Thou wert the first thy wandering son to hail. Thy angel form, though hidden from my view, Vain were my doubts ! Thy gentle words I knew ; With joyful heart, and freed from death's alarm, I saw the grave possessed no power to harm. Next thy kind consort joined thy aid in this, To cheer my passage and enhance my bliss; Unlooked-for bliss! The gulf of death is spanned ! We greet with joy the " white-robed angel band." With rapture learn the wisdom from above, Our teachers thank with gratitude and love. Let purer praise than mortal bards can sing, From earth ascend to Heaven's Eternal King. LATTA, REV. FRANCIS A., the oldest son of Rev. Dr. James Latta, was born April 27, 1766. He was ordained as a Presbyterian clergyman Nov. 23, 1796, and was pastor successively of Presbyterian churches in Wilmington, Del., and Lancaster and Chestnut Level, Pa., in which latter place he also maintained a classical school for many years. In the year 1826 he removed to Sadsbury township, Chester Co., and established the Moscow Academy, a classical and literary institution, which flourished for some years. He was a man of remarkably well-cultivated mind, a poet of no mean order, a very superior classical and Hebrew scholar, and one of the greatest instructors of his day. He was able in debate, discriminating and decided in judgment, and a model in the pulpit. In his manners he was social and in his deportment humble and unostentatious. He died April 21, 1834. REV. WILLIAM LATTA was born in Bucks Co., Pa., in May, 1768. He was the son of Dr. James Latta, who was a prominent man in the Presbyterian Church in his day. He graduated at the University of Pennsylvania in 1794, was licensed by the Presbytery of New Castle, and became pastor of the congregations of Great Valley and Charlestown, Chester Co., Oct. 1, 1799, in which relation he continued until his death, Feb. 19, 1847, a period of over forty-seven years. He was created a Doctor of Divinity by Lafayette College, Easton, Pa. He was a student and a scholar, and his preparations for the pulpit were made with close study and BIOGRAPHICAL AND GENEALOGICAL - 627 care. In the courts of the church he was highly esteemed, and by appointment of the General Assembly held the office of trustee of that body for many years. He was also a director in the Princeton Theological Seminary. The General Assembly of 1847, in noticing his death, spoke of him as " one of the venerable fathers of the Presbyterian Church." On occasion of the reception of Gen. Lafayette at West Chester, in July, 1825, the Rev. William Latta made a prayer very remarkable for its touching sentiments, fervid eloquence, and patriot spirit. LAUBAUGH, JOHANNES, was born in Holland, Aug. 3, 1733. Of his early history little is known, but he became a sea-faring man, owned a vessel, and traded with China, the American colonies, and England. Having arrived at Philadelphia about the commencement of the Revolutionary war, he disposed of his ship and cargo and purchased a farm in Pikeland, Chester Co. (now owned by Mr. Fagley). He brought over his family, and made a second voyage to Holland to settle up some affairs. By his wife, Anna Catharine, he had eight children,-1. John, m. to Catharine Acker ; 2. Henry, m. to Anne De Frain and Catharine March ; 3. Magdalena, m. to Conrad Acker ; 4. Lewis, settled at New Philadelphia, Ohio ; 5. Margaret, m. to Conrad Keeley ; 6. Elizabeth, m. to John Christman ; 7. Catharine, m. to Peter Stiteler ; 8. Mary, m. to William Sheldrake. The parents were buried at the East Vincent Reformed Church, of which they were members. A number of articles, the remnants of the last cargo, are held by some of the descendants, consisting of pieces of china, glass, and gold and silver coin. LESLIE, WILLIAM, married Christiana, daughter of George and Sarah (Hoopes) Hall, and lived in Cecil Co., Md. They had nine children, who all died before their parents except Robert, the eldest, and Margaret, the youngest, the latter being nine years old when her parents died. Robert married Lydia Baker, and had children,—Eliza, Ann, Martha, Charles Robert, and Thomas Jefferson. Robert was a clock- and watch-maker, and pursued that business in Elkton for some time, but in 1786 he settled in Philadelphia, where he was elected a member of the Philosophical Society. He was very ingenious, and it appears that an act of Assembly of Sept. 7, 1789, gave him (in effect) a patent for an improvement in clocks and watches. His business prospered, and he took a partner in order to allow himself to go to England to purchase the clocks and watches wanted for the establishment. This he did about 1793, taking his wife, his three daughters, and his sister Margaret, who made her home with him after her parents' death. The death of Mr. Price, his partner in Philadelphia, caused his return, and he sailed from Gravesend Sept. 18, 1799, in the " Washington," an armed merchant vessel, war being then declared between France and the United States. An engagement with a French vessel, " La Bellone," disabled them so that they put into Lisbon for repairs and remained there five months. After a stormy passage, in which some of the masts were lost, they arrived at Philadelphia May 11, 1800, forty-two days from Lisbon. Robert Leslie died in 1804. Of his children, Eliza was an authoress, having published a work on cooking and other books. Ann was an artist. Martha married the late Henry C. Carey. Charles Robert, born in London, Oct. 19, 1794, returned thither in 1811 as an art student, and, under the instruction of the noted Benjamin •West and Washington Allston, soon acquired fame. His family desiring to have him reside in the United States obtained for him the appointment of professor of drawing at West Point in 1833, but after a few months he resigned and returned to England, where he died May 5, 1859. His " May Day in the Time of Queen Elizabeth," from the collection of J. Naylor, Esq., was among the English collection at the Centennial Exhibition. He married Harriet Stone, an English lady, by whom he had several children. Thomas Jefferson Leslie, born in England about 1796, was a major in the United States army, married Gertrude Pearson, and had three daughters, now all deceased but one. Margaret Leslie, the sister of Robert, married John Buckley, from England, son of James Buckley, who came afterwards to this country and died here. They settled at Hamilton village, Philadelphia. Their only child, Eliza, born fourteen years after her parents' marriage, was but eighteen months old when her father died. She is now the wife of Caleb H. Kinnard, of West Chester. Her mother married, second, Eli Hays, of Newlin. Charles Robert Leslie, in his autobiographical recollections, says,— "At my father's death there was so little property left that my mother was obliged to open a boarding-house, and my eldest sister to teach drawing, to support the family. "My brother and I had been sent to school at the University of Pennsylvania, which then occupied a splendid house in Ninth Street, built by the citizens of Philadelphia to present to Gen. Washington, but which the removal of the seat of government from that city prevented his occupying. "It would not have been in the power of my mother to continue sending us to this school but for the kindness of Dr. Rogers, the English professor, a Baptist minister, who abated considerably in his charge for our tuition, and Mr. Robert Patterson, the professor of mathematics, who, having known my father intimately, made no charge whatever. I am sorry to say, however, I did not appreciate this liberality as I ought to have done, but neglected the study of mathematics as much as I possibly could. "My summers and autumns were at this period regularly spent in visits to my great-uncles, Philip Ward and George Hall, with my eldest sister Eliza, and my kind aunt, Margaret Leslie (my father's sister). These uncles lived in Chester County and were farmers. The scenery about Mr. Ward's house [in Newlin township] was very beautiful; the Brandywine Creek ran near it, and one of its tributary streams turned a flour-mill and a saw-mill belonging to my uncle. I shall never forget the kindness I received from my worthy relatives while under their roofs. Their habits were simple and rustic. My uncle Hall performed all the work of his little farm himself; but then he belonged to a volunteer corps of cavalry ; indeed, he had served in the Revolutionary war, and his horseman's boots, cap, sword, and his blue coat with red facings, which I saw hanging up in his bedroom, though they never happened to be worn during our visits, gave him great importance in my eyes. "At Mr. Ward's one of his sons was the working miller, and the other the farmer, and here I became familiar with all the operations of mill and farm. I accompanied my cousin, Tommy Ward, in the fields when he was plowing or sowing, and in the barn when he was threshing or winnowing the corn, and I well remember a grand husking-party (or frolic,' as it was called), when the neighbors for miles round came to assist in stripping the Indian corn of its outer covering, 628 - HISTORY OF CHESTER, COUNTY, PENNSYLVANIA. and afterwards sat down to a most substantial supper. To the imagery treasured in my recollection of these simple scenes I believe I owe much of the exquisite enjoyment I receive from reading the poetry of Burns. His ' Hallowe'en,' his Twa Dogs,' and other poems, in which the labors and enjoyments of the cottage are described, always transport me to the log houses of my kind-hearted uncles and aunts in Chester County."* LEONARD, DANIEL, of Kennet, son of George and Christian, was married 3, 28, 1740, at Kennet Meeting, to Ruth Harlan, daughter of Ezekiel and Ruth, of that township. His father lived then or later in Sadsbury, but took up land in Fallowfield in 1714. Daniel and Ruth had children,-Ezekiel, Daniel, Mary, Ruth, George, Benjamin, and Joseph, whose births were recorded by the meeting. Ezekiel, born 10, 18, 1740, resided at various places within the limits of Birmingham, Caln, Goshen, and Bradford Meetings, but lost his membership by taking an active interest in Revolutionary affairs. In 1786, and again in 1795, he was elected sheriff of the county, serving in all six years in the office. He died near Hockessin about 1822. JOSEPH LEONARD, his son, engaged in the iron business at Thorndale, near the present site of Glen Mills, where, in 1816, he married Sarah Edwards, daughter of John and Hannah (Pennock) Edwards, born 2, 27, 1788. She died at West Chester in 1877, and was buried at Middletown Meeting. Joseph Leonard died in Kennet township in 1822, in the thirty-sixth year of his age, leaving two children,-John E., of West Chester, and Pennock E., of Londongrove. HON. J. EDWARDS LEONARD, Son ofJohn E., above named, was born near Fairville, in Chester Co., Sept. 22, 1845. His education was received at Phillips' Exeter Academy, N. H., and Harvard College, graduating from the latter institution in 1867. He then went to Europe, studied civil law in Germany, receiving the degree of Doctor of Laws at the Heidelberg University. Returning to this country, he was attracted by the advantages offered in the South, and settled in Louisiana, where he began the practice of law in the Thirteenth Judicial District. Within two years he was elected district attorney, and shortly after, in spite of his youth, was appointed judge of the Supreme Court of the State. In 1876 he was elected to Congress from the Fifth District by the largest Congressional majority in the State. At Washington he showed distinguished ability on the floor of the House. When he was sent in 1878 by the President, whose policy he had severely criticised, to Cuba upon an important and delicate mission, it was a high tribute to his talents and reputation. While performing this trust he was seized with yellow fever, and died March 15, 1878, at the Telegraph Hotel, Havana. When his death was announced in the House by the Speaker, that body, in respect to his memory, adjourned. He was a brilliant young man, and one of unusual moral stability ; a poet of no mean ability, an able and forcible speaker, and as a politician he commanded the respect of all parties by his intelligence and candor in the discussion of public affairs. He * Autobiographical Recollections. Boston, Ticknor & Fields, 1860, p. 364. (Edited by Tom Taylor.) married, in 1872, Miss Ella Burbank, of St. Paul, Minn., who died in 1875, leaving two sons. LEVIS, CHRISTOPHER, of Harby, in Leicestershire, England, by Mary, his wife, had the following children : Samuel, b. 7, 30, 1649 ; Mary, b. 3, 8, 1652, d. 7, 16, 1764 ; Richard, b. 10, 28, 1654, d. 4, 23, 1663 ; Sarah, b. 7, 30, 1663, d. 1, 23, 1701 ; Hannah, b. 7, 30, 1663, d. 3, 26, 1705. The father was buried 8, 23, 1677. Samuel Levis, of Harby, and Elizabeth Clator, of Nottingham, were married 3, 4, 1680. Mary Levis, of Harby, perhaps the widow of Christopher, married Thomas Wright, 3, 4, 1680. Samuel Levis, with his wife and sisters, Sarah and Hannah, came to Pennsylvania in 1684 (see William Garrett) and settled in Springfield township, where he died about 1734. Sarah married Thomas Bradshaw, of Darby, in 1687, and Hannah became the wife of Michael Blunston in 1691. The children of Samuel and Elizabeth Levis were Sam.; uel, b. 12, 8, 1680, m. Hannah Stretch, of Philadelphia ; Alice, b. 8, 7, 1682; Mary, b. 8, 9, 1685, m. Joseph Pennock ; William, b. 7, 8, 1688, d. 2, 11, 1747 ; Elizabeth, b. 10, 20, 1690, d. 10, 10, 1777, m. William Shipley ; Christopher, b. 10, 27, 1692, d. 2, 3, 1694 ; Sarah, b. 6, 31, 1694, m. George Maris. Samuel Levis and Hannah Stretch, daughter of Joseph, were married 10, 15, 1709, and had four children,-Samuel, b. 8, 21, 1711, m. Mary Thomson, 6, 12, 1742 ; John, b. 8, 3, 1,713, m. Rebecca Davis, 8, 25, 1738 ; Joseph, b. 11, 29, 1715-6, m. Susanna Waln, 1739 ; William. William Levis settled in Kennet., and married, 10, 14, 1720, Elizabeth Reed, by whom he had children,-Elizabeth, b. 8, 30, 1721; Samuel, b. 9, 18, 1723, m. Elizabeth Gregg ; William, h. 12, 3, 1725-6, m. Jane Ogden and Martha Marshall ; Sarah, b. 6, 31, 1728 ; Mary, b. 2, 10, 1732 ; Lydia, b. 6, 16, 1734, m. John Lamborn. LEWIS, ENOCH and ALICE.-Enoch Lewis, eldest son of Evan and Jane Lewis, was born at Radnor, in the county of Chester, now Delaware, Jan. 29, 1776. He was the fifth in descent from Henry Lewis, who, with his family, including his father, Evan Lewis, then an old man, emigrated from Narbeth, in Pembrokeshire, South Wales, early in the year 1682. Evan Lewis is supposed to have died within a few years after his leaving his native country. The family record is silent respecting him after his arrival in Pennsylvania. Henry Lewis purchased a tract of 800 acres of land in Haverford township in May of the same year, and was one of the first three landed proprietors in that township who derived title under William Penn. Immediately after the city of Philadelphia was laid out and surveyed according to the plan of the proprietary, Henry Lewis procured a lot in the new city and erected upon it a house, in which he resided during a part of each year. He also erected a dwelling house and farm buildings upon his tract in Haverford, which he cleared and cultivated, and on which he generally spent his summers. He served as foreman of the first grand jury which sat for the county of Philadelphia, and he was one of the peacemakers appointed for that county. A copy of an old record, still extant, shows that he was a township officer for Haverford in 1682. BIOGRAPHICAL AND GENEALOGICAL - 629 He was a benevolent man and a public-spirited citizen. He gave much of his time to works of charity and to municipal affairs. His career of usefulness was terminated by death before he attained middle life. He died at his residence in Haverford in August, 1688. Henry Lewis, the second, born in 1671, was the eldest son of the first Henry. He married in 1692, and had a family of nine children, of whom John Lewis, born May 23, 1697, was the third. Henry resided on the Haverford farm during the whole of his life, and was several times a member of the Colonial Assembly. John married in 1725 Catharine Roberts, who owned an undivided moiety of a farm in Radnor. On his marriage he purchased the other moiety, and having added to the farm a tract of one hundred and sixty acres immediately adjoining, he took up his residence upon it, and resided there till his death, in 1780. He had seven children. Evan, his youngest son, was born in 1740. He married in 1770 ; his wife dying three years afterwards, he again married, in April, 1775. His second wife was Jane Meredith. She was a woman of superior intellect, fond of reading, and particularly noted for her readiness in the solution of arithmetical problems. Evan Lewis was a member of the Society of Friends, and more than usually strict in the performance of his religious duties. Though an energetic man of business, he never allowed the operations of his farm or dairy to interfere with the attendance of himself and family at the ordinary weekday meetings for worship. He was circumspect in his conduct, and very careful to rear his family in close conformity with the peculiarities of his sect in dress and manners. At the date of Enoch's birth Evan occupied the farm of his father as a tenant, the father being then old and incapacitated for business by loss of sight. On the death of his father Evan became the owner of the whole farm, by purchasing the shares or interests of his brothers and sisters. Enoch was a boy of bright intelligence, and evinced very early a decided passion for figures and an inappeasable thirst for knowledge. He seemed to take to books as by a natural instinct, and learned the alphabet mainly by means of his inquiring the names of the letters ; and having ascertained the letters had a meaning when put together, he learned to spell and to read very much in the same way. His mother patiently answered all his questions, and was interested rather than annoyed by his inquisitiveness. By the time he was old enough to attend school he could read with facility and was master of the first four rules of arithmetic, and had displayed a surprising aptitude in the management of figures. His opportunities of education were extremely limited. They did not exceed those of other farmers' sons of the period. After he had attained the age of eight years his services were needed on the farm, and he attended school only during the three winter months of each year. He used his opportunities, such as they were, so well that by the time he was fourteen his teachers were unable to give him further instruction, and he was employed as an usher in a country school within an hour's walk of his father's residence. The following year he undertook to teach the Radnor school, at which he himself had been a pupil. During the summer of 1792 he assisted his father on the farm, pursuing his studies at such intervals as he could snatch from ordinary labor. Those studies were principally mathematical. He also read considerably of history and poetry, and began to practice English composition. He wrote verses, some of which found their way into the newspapers, and were praised doubtless beyond their deserts by his friends and associates. Among other things he wrote a monody on the death of a young lady with whom lie had some acquaintance, and to whose attractions he was not insensible. This production was rewarded by her grateful mother with a legacy of fifty dollars. His experiment in teaching was entirely successful. After a short engagement at the Radnor school, during the winter of 1792-93, he went to Philadelphia early in the spring for the purpose of placing himself under the instructions of William Waring, who was at that time teacher of mathematics in the Friends' academy on Fourth Street. Waring was an admirable instructor, combining thorough knowledge with a happy faculty of demonstration and an ardent love of mathematical science. With him Enoch Lewis remained not quite six months, taking lessons one-half of each day and teaching a class of pupils of his own the other half. The yellow fever, which visited the city in 1793 as an epidemic, proved fatal to his instructor, and he afterwards pursued his studies unassisted. Having procured a copy of Dr. Halley's " Treatise on Astronomy" in Latin, and being unable to find a copy in. English, he set himself to work to master the Latin, and soon acquired a suffrcient knowledge of the language to read Halley's book with facility. In the following spring he happened to meet in the hall of the Philadelphia Library Maj. Andrew Ellicott, who, seeing him engaged in perusing Newton's " Principia," in Latin, entered into conversation with him, and was so struck with the accuracy and extent of his knowledge as to seek his acquaintance. Maj. Ellicott and Gen. Irwin had then been lately appointed commissioners, under an act of the Legislature of Pennsylvania, to lay out certain towns in the western part of the State, and Enoch Lewis was invited to join the expedition as an assistant surveyor. After consulting his parents the invitation was accepted. As the Indians on the frontier had given indications of hostility, a small military force for the protection of the party was placed at the command of the commissioners, and accompanied the commission. The Indians, however, did not interfere with the expedition, though at one time an attack was expected and arrangements were made to repel it. One night the company lay upon their arms. True to his principles as a non-combatant, Enoch Lewis determined that he would take no part in the expected affray, even in self-defense, and rather than owe his protection to arms he would trust himself in the woods unarmed and alone. He therefore, taking a blanket with him, left the camp, and, going beyond the light of the watch-fires, lay down and slept beneath the branches of a tree, by which he was partially protected. The commissioners were both military men, and the persons with whom he was associated were as little like Friends as possible, yet in dress and language he adhered uniformly to the usages of the society. The company finished its labors about Christmas, and Enoch received his discharge, having gained in a high degree the 630 - HISTORY OF CHESTER COUNTY, PENNSYLVANIA. respect and confidence of the commissioners, who had repeatedly trusted him, though the youngest man in the party, with the command of detachments for special service. Maj. Ellicott furnished him unsolicited at parting with a strong recommendation as a teacher, and soon after his return he was appointed to take charge of the mathematical school in Friends' academy on Fourth Street, where William Waring had previously taught. His thorough knowledge and facility in explaining the most difficult problems made him successful as a teacher, and his school was soon filled to overflowing but it was broken up by the yellow fever in the latter part of the summer of 1798, and the pupils were tardy in returning after the epidemic was passed, many of them having fled to the country to escape its ravages. May 9, 1799, he married Alice Jackson, sixth daughter of Isaac and Hannah Jackson, of New Garden, Chester Co. The frequent recurrence of the yellow fever in Philadelphia, and the liability of his school being interfered with by it, induced him to give it up in the spring of 1799, and he immediately removed to Radnor and took charge of his father's farm. In the fall of the same year he was invited to assume direction of the mathematical department in the large boarding-school then recently established at Westtown by the Yearly Meeting of Friends of Philadelphia. He accepted the invitation, and continued to teach there with reputation and success till the spring of 1808. His father-in-law, Isaac Jackson, having, in the mean time, died, he purchased of the heirs a part of the farm, including the mansion building, and removed thither about the 1st of April of that year. He subsequently acquired title to the whole of the landed property of his father-in-law, consisting of about 230 acres. The summer was occupied in enlarging the dwelling and providing accommodations for pupils, and Oct. 1, 1808, he opened his boarding-school at New Garden. His intentions were to give instruction only in mathematics, and he limited the number of his pupils to sixteen, but the pressure to exceed that number soon became irresistible, and his school increased to twenty-five, which was as many as he could accommodate. As the school increased, it became less exclusively mathematical than at first, and reading, English grammar, geography, and experimental philosophy became subjects of instruction. A telescope, microscope, and a considerable quantity of philosophical apparatus were purchased, and during the long evenings of winter frequent lectures were delivered, and experiments exhibited expounding the laws of gravitation, mechanical action, light, heat, and electricity. Mrs. Lewis frequently taught the reading and grammar classes. She was an admirable reader, and had a well-cultivated and elegant taste in art and literature and a familiar acquaintance with the best authors. She had a sweet, flexible, orotund voice and a remarkable command of language, and could explain, with rare felicity, her views on any subject on which she chose to descant. Her person was tall and somewhat stately, her manner graceful and even queenly, and at the same time most kindly. Every face brightened the moment she entered the school-room, and in her presence there was no indifference or inattention. In whatever she undertook to instruct she inspired an interest, and there was no pupil but was desirous of winning her approbation. With many amiable qualities, which endeared her to all with whom she came in contact, she united great energy. In all respects she was a superior woman, and to her excellent management of her department much of the great success and popularity of the school during her lifetime was owing. In April, 1812, she contracted a severe cold, which settled on her lungs and terminated in confirmed consumption. She died Dec. 13, 1813, universally lamented. In the Society of Friends she had become distinguished for her eloquence as a minister, and she was greatly admired, wherever she was known, for her attractive conversation and engaging social qualities. In the year 1806 she introduced into the Yearly Meeting of Friends in Philadelphia, in a speech of great power, the consideration of the question as to how far it was consistent with the testimony of the society against slavery to use the produce of slave-labor, or to be concerned in dealing in such produce. The speech made a profound impression at the time and caused considerable discussion. The formation of a free-produce society followed some years later, and was doubtless the result of the attention of Friends being thus drawn to the subject. Between 1808 and 1812, Mr. Lewis, though exceedingly busy with his farm and school, found time to revise for publication an edition of Bonnycastle's " Algebra," and an edition also of Simpson's " Plane and Spherical Trigonometry," adding to the original text some new demonstrations. The sickness of his wife suspended, in a great degree, his mathematical studies, and banished from his mind all thoughts of authorship. The loss of his wife was most keenly felt, and the immediate effect was a serious loss of health. At the pressing instance of his friends, on the 1st of April, 1814, he dismissed his school, uncertain whether he would ever resume it. A few weeks after, he received an invitation from Jesse Kersey, an eminent minister in the Society of Friends, to accompany him on a visit through the Southern States, to ascertain the sentiments of the leading men of the South on the subject of negro slavery. After an absence of five weeks he returned home, without having completed the thorough tour of the South that was contemplated, his companion and himself having become well satisfied that by the intelligent portion of the Southern people slavery was felt and acknowledged to be a dreadful curse, and the only question seemed to be how it should be got rid of. At Washington the two Friends had interviews with Mr. Madison, then President, Mr. Monroe, Secretary of State, Mr. Calhoun, Secretary of War, and, if I mistake not, with Mr. Crawford also, Secretary of the Treasury. At Richmond they had free consultation with the Governor of Vir- ginia, and with other men of distinction in the executive and judicial departments of the State government. Hope was entertained at that time that slavery would be abolished in several of the slave States bordering on those that were free by their own voluntary action, and the information gathered in this visit tended to confirm that hope. In the Legislature of Maryland the proposition for the gradual abolition of slavery was shortly after considered and discussed, and in a convention assembled at Richmond to revise the constitution of the State a majority of one vote only BIOGRAPHICAL AND GENEALOGICAL - 631 prevented that State from taking its stand on the side of freedom. As October approached Mr. Lewis began to experience the need of active mental occupation, and he gave notice that on the first of that month he would re-open his school. From that time till April, 1824, he taught for half the year only, preferring to attend to his farm from April to October; and devoting his spare time to literary and scientific work, and to the service of the society, of which he was an active member, and in which he had important appointments. During that interval he prepared for publication and published a work on arithmetic, designed for the use of schools. Several editions of this work have been printed, but it is now superseded by books which require less learning in the teacher, and less thought and study in the pupil, and which therefore, without equal merit, are more popular. During the same period he wrote a series of essays for the press, the object of which was to demonstrate the unprofitableness of servile in comparison with free labor, and a pamphlet on the militia system of Pennsylvania, in which he attempted, and I think successfully, to prove that persons conscientiously scrupulous of bearing arms had a constitutional right to complete exemption from military requisitions in time of peace. Of this pamphlet there were several editions, the last of which was carefully revised, and a considerable part of it rewritten. In May, 1815, Mr. Lewis remarried. His second wife was a daughter of John Jackson, of Londongrove, a first cousin of his first wife, a woman of sense and more than ordinary culture. In 1825, in order to save himself from pecuniary loss, Mr. Lewis purchased a house in Wilmington, Del., and in April removed with his family thither, and opened a school for the instruction of young men in mathematics. His school filled immediately. In the following year appeared the first edition of his treatise on Algebra, which, like his Arithmetic, was intended for the use of schools, but which was too abstruse for the generality of teachers, and therefore not so popular as other works of inferior learning. He could not well understand that what was so easy to him should be diffrcult to others, yet to satisfy the objections of complainants he published a Key, in which he furnished solutions of all intricate questions. Mr. Lewis, while teaching in Philadelphia, became a member of the Abolition Society of Pennsylvania, and was a zealous advocate of emancipation. During his residence at Westtown he was frequently called upon to interfere for the protection of alleged fugitives from slavery, to save them from the grasp of fictitious claimants. Once he purchased a runaway slave from his master, and took the bond of the slave for the repayment of the purchase-money. In 1820 he was a leading member of a committee to a Meeting for Sufferings of Philadelphia that petitioned the Legislature of Pennsylvania for the enactment of a law forbidding justices of the peace to take cognizance of claims for the rendition of fugitives. He visited Harrisburg repeatedly during that and the following year, and brought the subject of the petition, and the evidence of the abuses perpetrated under the existing laws, to the attention of the Legislature, with a favorable result. In 1824 he visited Washington, and collected from the national archives many interesting facts relating to the existence of the slave-trade, and wrote a large pamphlet on the subject, which was published under the auspices of the Meeting for Sufferings. When, therefore, early in 1827, it was proposed by a company of benevolent gentlemen in Philadelphia to publish a monthly periodical devoted to the interests of human freedom, with particular reference to slavery as existing in the United States, Mr. Lewis was solicited to become the editor. He promptly accepted the position, and in April, 1827, removed to Philadelphia and entered upon his editorial duties. The enterprise was not successful. Other subjects were then occupying the public mind, and in the Society of Friends there was much agitation and excitement, caused by the preaching of Elias Hicks. The publication, which was called The African Observer, failing to receive the expected support in the society, was abandoned at the end of a year. His reflections on the subject of slavery, while editing the African Observer, led him to forbode the conflict which afterwards occurred unless the slave system should be abolished. He therefore proposed that a fund should be provided by the national government sufficient to pay for all the slaves in the several States where slavery obtained at an appraised value ; and that to each of the States should be appropriated a proportionable share of the fund, according to the value of their slave-property, on condition of their abolishing slavery. It was estimated that the cost of the purchase would not be more than from eight to ten hundred millions of dollars, and it was the opinion of Mr. Lewis that the great evil, which so darkened the prospects of our republic, could not be destroyed more easily, or at less cost. Such a proposition, at that time, would have been accepted gratefully by several of the Southern States, and it is very certain that the others would not have been long behind them. The wisdom of the proposition, it is unnecessary to say, has been fully proved by the events that have since occurred. Mr. Lewis having received the appointment of city surveyor, remained in Philadelphia till 1834, when, at the instance of the committee having charge of the Westtown Boarding-School, who deemed that the institution had need of his invigorating energy, he removed thither and took charge of the mathematical department. He remained there, doing efficient work for the school, till 1836, when he returned to New Garden. In the year 1834, prior to his removal from Philadelphia to Westtown, he published a pamphlet of seventy-three pages, entitled " Vindication of the Society of Friends ; Being a Reply to a Review of Cox on Quakerism, Published in the Biblical Repertory." The unfavorable way in which both the author of the " Review" and Dr. Cox had set forth the principles and usages of the Society of _ Friends seemed to call for some notice. Mr. Lewis' pamphlet is an answer as well to the " Review" as to Dr. Cox's book, and he undertook to show that the charges exhibited by the author, as well as the " reviewer," were groundless. This was satisfactorily accomplished in a style of calm dignity, to which an occasional caustic touch adds point and force. In the interval between 1836 and 1847 he was much occupied as a surveyor and engineer. He located several 632 - HISTORY OF CHESTER COUNTY, PENNSYLVANIA. railroad routes, surveyed large tracts of wild land in the northern part of Pennsylvania for Stephen Girard and the Bank of North America, and, at the instance of the municipal authorities, regulated the streets and alleys in Reading, Easton, West Chester, and other corporate towns. As a member of the Indian committee of the Philadelphia Meeting for Sufferings, he twice visited the Indian settlements at Tunessasseh, under the care of Friends,—once in the depth of winter, at the age of seventy,—to furnish food and clothing to the settlers, they being, in consequence of the severity of the season, in a suffering condition. He was also instrumental in preventing the ratification by the United States Senate of a fraudulent treaty, which had been obtained from some of the chiefs of the same Indians, for a large portion of their lands. The task of exposing the corrupt practices by which the treaty had been procured was not accomplished without ,considerable expense of time and effort. In 1844 he sent to the press his treatise on " Plane and Spherical Trigonometry." This is a work of profound learning, and, though at present out of print, it has not been superseded by any work of superior merit. He wrote also in a series of essays, published in The Friend., a memoir of William Penn, the object of which was to present a view of the religious life and labors of his subject, rather than his character as a legislator and statesman. In 1844 he visited Washington, and remained there for several weeks, for the purpose of obtaining from the national archives authentic information as to the slave-trade, in which several European states then participated and shared the infamy of its abominations. Furnished with this information, added to such as he obtained from other sources, he wrote a large pamphlet, which was published by the Meeting for Sufferings, in which he exposed in vivid colors the horrors of this traffic, and held it up to public reprobation. In the year 1838, Mr. Lewis prepared for the press and published " A Dissertation on Oaths." In this small volume of a hundred pages he has condensed much valuable information, and reasoned with unanswerable cogency, against the use of oaths as a means of discovering truth. About eight years later he pursued the subject, and in another pamphlet, of about the same size as the former, called the attention of the public particularly to the measures of the British government for the abolition of unnecessary oaths, and urged that the experiment be immediately made of substituting a solemn declaration for the oath in all matters relating to the revenue, auditors' accounts, and the performance of official duty, under the Federal authority ; being satisfied that experience would justify the substitution and open the way for further innovations in the same direction. His book on " Baptism" is of an earlier date. This is his only purely polemical work. In it he maintains, by arguments drawn from Scripture authority, the correctness of the doctrine held by the Society of Friends on the subject of water-baptism. In the early part of 1846 a committee was appointed by the Meeting for Sufferings to call the attention of our Legislature to the unprotected condition of our colored population under the operation of the decision of the Supreme Court of the United States in the case of Prigg vs. Penn sylvania, and to ask of that body the repeal of so much of the act of 1780, abolishing slavery, as authorized the owners of slaves to retain them within the State for six months in involuntary servitude. Mr. Lewis having suggested the appointment of that committee was made a member of it. He, in company with several of his colleagues, went to Harrisburg early in March, and had interviews with some of the leading men of both branches of the Legislature, in which the committee explained the objects of their mission and their views as to the course of legislation required by the decision of the Supreme Court. A bill was reported to the House in conformity with the wishes of the committee, which, however, was not acted upon during the session. Understanding that there was some objection to the bill, Mr. Lewis prepared a petition containing a terse and vigorous argument in favor of the proposed measure, which, being signed by the members of the committee, was forwarded to the Legislature early in the ensuing session. After some further efforts on the part of the committee, finding the bill still to linger on the Senate calendar, Mr. Lewis again went to Harrisburg, and had the satisfaction while there of seeing the bill become a law. While Mr. Lewis was at Harrisburg on this errand his wife suddenly sickened, and died immediately after his return home. Sept. 1, 1847, Mr. Lewis issued his prospectus for the Friends' Review, a religious and literary journal, to the editorship of which he was invited by an association of Friends belonging to the Philadelphia Yearly Meeting, who deemed that a periodical of a description in some respects different from The Friend was needed as an exponent of the opinions and principles of the major part of the society. The design of the publication was more comprehensive than is usual with periodicals professedly of a sectarian character. It was not only to uphold and defend the doctrines promulgated by the primitive Friends as the doctrines of the Christian gospel, and to support the established order of Society on the basis prescribed by its discipline, but also to maintain the great moral truths on which the happiness of civil society depends, and to diffuse useful information in a popular and attractive form on all subjects interesting to the reflective mind. As Friends have always taken a leading part in opposition to war and slavery, " the twin progeny of a barbarous age," the prospectus proposed to combat those evils by arguments addressed as well to the heart as to the understanding, but yet in a catholic and Christian spirit. The first number of the Review was issued on the 4th of September ; and from that time to the end of his life Mr. Lewis gave his time and attention unreservedly to his duties as editor. Its character was soon determined. Though always grave it was never dull.. It generally contained some pages suited to every undepraved taste ; sketches of the lives of persons eminent for their piety and usefulness, religious and moral essays, notices of philanthropic enterprises, popular disquisitions on scientific subjects, occasional discussions of questions of general politics, and whatever was calculated to convey useful instruction in an entertaining form. The editor was sometimes assisted by able correspondents, but the original matter was principally the product of his own pen. Some of his articles, and especially those of a political character, are writ- BIOGRAPHICAL AND GENEALOGICAL - 633 ten with great force of argument, and in a strong, compact, nervous style, showing not only a complete mastery of the subject, but a correct literary taste, not usually expected in one whose studies for a lifetime have been almost solely scientific and utilitarian. His moral essays, scattered throughout the Review, have an air of ease and elegance well suited to that kind of writing. Although from about the 1st of April, 1856, he was unable from failing strength to leave his room, and for much of the time was confined to bed, he never neglected his duties as editor. Unable to write, he dictated various articles for the Review, which were published without correction, and which exhibit the same vigor of thought and finish of style as those composed when in health. At the time of his death he had on hand a number of original essays, which he had thus composed while lying prostrate, and which were afterwards published. He died July 14th of the same year, at his residence in Philadelphia, aged eighty years, five months, and sixteen days. He retained the possession of his intellectual faculties till near the end of the last week of his life, and no one could perceive, in his conversation or writing, any sign of declension or failure. His retentive memory gave him the full command of his mental resources, and he had no need to have recourse to books for the purpose of recalling what he had once learned. He was in the habit, as long as he lived, of solving every week some intricate mathematical problem mentally, without aid of book, pen, or pencil, for the purpose of retaining his power of concentration. His habits of investigation were thorough and his learning profound, and he was well fitted for a wider sphere than that in which he acted. When Robert Patterson, Professor of Mathematics in the University of Pennsylvania, died, Mr. Lewis was strongly urged to consent to be chosen as his successor. But he declined, and gave for the reason that the professorship would involve the necessity of omitting his attendance at the week-day meetings of his society for worship. His religious duties were to him of paramount obligation, and he preferred to be free for work that would be useful to his kind rather than to earn for himself a brilliant name. Though he had naturally a high and quick temper, he kept it down under strong bolt and bar. No man ever knew him, under any provocation, to return an angry answer; not but that he had a keen sense of insult or injury, but he possessed too much of philosophic dignity and of Christian forbearance to allow his self-command to be overcome by his emotions. No man ever set a more vigilant watch upon his own conduct, was more guarded in his language, or was more scrupulous as to what be believed was right. In his dealings he was careful to pay what he owed with reasonable promptitude, while to his debtors he was liberal and indulgent to a fault. He frequently lent money on insufficient security, and sometimes lost it. The strong cast of his features, his heavy brow, his deeply-set, sharp, and piercing eye, his firm mouth, and his look of decision and self-command indicated uncommon individuality, and gave the impression of a character somewhat severe and stern, yet no one had kindlier feelings, a more generous and forgiving disposition. In judging of other men he habitually took the charitable view, and whatever his judgment might be he was never censorious. No one, however intimate with him, ever heard him speak ill of any one. His heart was tender and his affections strong, yet he seemed to regard any manifestation of feeling as a weakness, and neither to crave nor to need sympathy. He stood by the graves of his two wives and of several of his children tearless, and to a casual observer, knowing nothing of his true nature, he might have been thought devoid of ordinary sensibility. But the fact was far otherwise. His sorrows were deep, poignant, and lasting. Every death in his family impressed him profoundly, and the impression was never obliterated. He took a lively interest in the welfare of those around him, and a number of his dependents profited largely by his considerate care and timely aid. More than one family was rescued from want by his timely interposition, and several of his employes were saved by his means from destruction by intemperance. Many men have lived more brilliant lives than Enoch Lewis, but rarely has any man lived a better one. HON. JOSEPH J. LEWIS was born Oct. 5, 1801, at West-town, Chester Co., Pa., about four miles from West Chester. At that time his father was teacher of mathematics in the boarding-school established there under the auspices of the Philadelphia Yearly Meeting of the Society of Friends. He resigned his place in 1808 and returned to New Garden, Chester Co., where he purchased a plantation and opened a boys' boarding-school the same year. In that school the subject of this sketch mainly received his early education. After Mr. Lewis had finished his mathematical course he was sent to Philadelphia to study Latin and Greek, under the instruction of Thomas Dugdale, at the Friends' Academy on Fourth Street, where Mr. Lewis' father had taught twenty years before. From April to October, 1819, he taught the Friends school at New Garden, and afterwards until 1821. He was soon after invited to take charge of the Chester County Academy, in the Great Valley, about six miles from this borough, and on Oct. 1, 1821, being then within a few days of twenty years of age, he took charge, and soon had a good number of students of both sexes and all ages. In May, 1822, Jonathan Gause, principal of the West Chester Academy, invited Mr. Lewis to assist him in teaching mathematics, which he did at the close of the summer vacation, and immediately resigned his place in the Chester County Academy. In the autumn of 1824 he went to New York to complete his legal studies, which he commenced Jan. 12, 1823, while assisting as a teacher in the academy, and remained for some time under the direction of Chancellor Kent, and in April, 1825, returned to West Chester, and on the first day of May of that year was admitted to the bar, at which he is now the oldest practitioner in the county. On Sept. 28, 1827, he was married to Mary S. Miner, daughter of Hon. Charles Miner. In 1829 he was nominated for the Legislature by the Anti-Jackson party, but was defeated by the Anti-Masonic party. The next year he was again placed on the Anti-Jackson ticket, but the Anti-Masonic had grown to be very strong in Chester County and was again successful. In 1835 he was appointed deputy attorney-general of Chester County. - 80 - 634 - HISTORY OF CHESTER COUNTY, PENNSYLVANIA. This office he held until the following December, when Joseph Ritner succeeded to the Governor's chair. In 1844, Francis R. Shunk was elected Governor, and in the following year he made John M. Read, of Philadelphia, his attorney-general. Mr. Read immediately sent Mr. Lewis a commission as deputy attorney-general of Chester County. Mr. Lewis held the office of deputy attorney-general of Chester County as long as Attorney-General Read continued in office. From 1825 to 1860 his practice steadily increased, and gradually became the most extensive at the bar of this county, which was due to his untiring devotion to his profession and the careful preparation which he gave to his cases. He was one of the counsel for the defendant in the celebrated case of the United States vs. Castner Hanway, tried in Philadelphia, for treason. At the time of the celebrated Passmore Williamson case, which occurred about 1853, he wrote several able articles reviewing the whole case. They attracted considerable attention, and appeared in the columns of the North American and Friends' Review. In 1857 he was one of the candidates of the Republican party for judge of the Supreme Court of Pennsylvania. The Republicans were unsuccessful, but it brought his name prominently before the public. He took a leading part in politics, and in 1860 was active in procuring the nomination of Abraham Lincoln as the Republican candidate for the Presidency, believing him, from special inquiry, to be the man for the times. He held the office of commissioner of internal revenue from March, 1863, to July, 1865, and brought up the department to a standard of high excellence. He drafted many important acts necessary for the efficient working of the internal revenue system, which were passed by Congress. Mr. Lewis was held in high esteem by President Lincoln, who upon more than one occasion assured him of his appreciation of the manner in which he had conducted his office. The relations between them were intimate, and he was frequently consulted by the President about matters of public interest. He was married June 5, 1872, to Mrs. P. A. Brooks, widow of James Brooks, Esq., of New Albany, Ind., a gentleman of high standing in that State. He has continued to practice his profession, but for the past two years has been gradually withdrawing from business. He has always been a public-spirited man, taking an active part in matters of interest to the community. He took a great interest in the adoption of the district school system, and from 1833 to 1848 was one of the directors of the public schools of this borough, and for a number of years was president of the board. He was elected chief burgess of West Chester in 1839, and was continued in office for five years. He was president of the old West Chester Railroad for fifteen years. About the year 1850 he was elected president of the board of trustees of the West Chester Academy, of which Dr. Darlington was then secretary, and continued to serve in that capacity until the academy was merged into the West Chester State Normal School. He was also a member of the Chester County Cabinet from an early period. This was an institution started about the year 1837 for the cultivation of natural science, but was merged into the academy. He has always taken an active part in educational matters, and was one of the most active in the establishment of the Normal School, of which he is still one of the trustees. HENRY LEWIS married, 1, 12, 1670, Margaret Phi1pin, alias Proutherin, and had issue,-1. Henry, b. 10, 26, 1671 2. Sarah, b. 5, 2, 1673, buried 12, 8, 1674 ; 3. Samuel, b. 8, 1, 1676 ; 4. Elizabeth, b. 12, 14, 1677, rn. Richard Hayes. (1) Henry married, 10, 20, 1692, at Bartholomew Cop-pock's house in Springfield, Mary Taylor, daughter of Robert Taylor, of Springfield, and had issue,-5. Isaac, b. 3, 5, 1694 ; 6. Mary, b. 2, 5, 1696, died young ; 7. John, b. 3, 23, 1697 ; 8. Sarah, b. 10, 11, 1698 ; 9. Margaret, b. 9, 17, 1700, m. Isaac Price ; 10. Mary, b. 10, 16, 1702, m. Thomas Philips ; 11. Hannah, b. 7, 21, 1704. (7) John Lewis, of Haverford, mason, married, 1725, Katharine Roberts, daughter of Abel. and Mary Roberts, of Radnor, born 8, 28, 1702. Issue.____12. Abel, b. 8, 12, 1726, d. 1766 ; 13. Mary, b. 11, 1, 1728, m. Benjamin Davis ; 14. Samuel, b. ____ -; 15. Rachel, b. 12, 19, 1734, m. McCulloch ; 16. John, b. 5, 31, 1737 17. Evan, b. 4, 13, 1740 ; 18. Elizabeth, b. 7, 9, 1743, m. - Tucker. (12) Abel had children,-Joseph, Abel, and John. (14) Samuel Lewis, son of John, of Radnor, married, 2, 7, 1759, Catharine Richards, daughter of Samuel, of Tredyffrin, and had children,-Samuel, Henry, Jacob, Isaac, John (b. 9, 9, 1772, d. 9, 24, 1851), Jehu, Catharine, Mary, Elizabeth, and Beulah. (16) John Lewis, son of John, of Radnor, married, 3, 3, 1773, Mary Thomas, daughter of David and Anna (Noble) Thomas, of Providence, Philadelphia Co., who left one son, Abel ; married second, 11, 28, 1775, at Pikeland Meeting, Grace Meredith, daughter of John and Grace, of Vincent, born 1, 24, 1745, died 2, 3, 1823. In 1777, John and Grace brought a certificate from Gwynedd Monthly Meeting to Uwchlan, and settled in Vincent. Their children were,-19. Ann, b. 8, 27, 1776, m. Jonathan Thomas ; 20. Hannah, b. 5, 28, 1779, d. 1856 ; 21. John, b. 3, 29, 1781, d. 2, 5, 1824 ; 22. Mary, b. 4, 10, 1783, d. 9, 29, 1823. Abel Lewis, son of the first wife, married - Robinson, and had six children. (17) Evan Lewis married, 10, 31, 1770, at Newtown Meeting, Esther Massey, daughter of Thomas and Sarah, of Willistown, born 12, 15, 1740-1, died 2, 13, 1773 ; married second, 12, 20, 1774, at Pikeland Meeting, Jane Meredith, daughter of John and Grace, of Vincent. Issue.-23. Thomas, b. 10, 31, 1771, d. 9, 7, 1827 ; 24. Sarah, b. 11, 29, 1772 ; 25. Enoch, b. 1, 29, 1776, d. 7, 14, 1856 ; 26, Elijah, b. 5, 2, 1778, d. 9, 2, 1861; 27. Abner, b. 11, 21, 1779 ; 28. Evan, b. 8, 19, 1782 ; 29. Jane, b. 8, 15, 1786. (21) John Lewis married, 9, 10, 1818, at Little Falls Meeting, Md., Esther Fussell, daughter of Bartholomew and Rebecca, born at Hatboro', Pa., 3, 18, 1782, died in Chester County, 2, 8, 1848. After her marriage she re- BIOGRAPHICAL AND GENEALOGICAL - 635 turned to the home of her husband in West Vincent. " She was a woman of remarkable solidity of character, and she exercised a commanding and beneficent influence commensurate with her rare ability and intelligence. In the community in which she lived, her well-balanced judgment caused her advice to be sought and accepted by brothers, sisters, friends, neighbors, and dependants. Her life was one of distinguished usefulness and worth. It was she who so powerfully influenced her brother, Dr. Bartholomew Fussell, in his determination to 'secure the medical education of women."-Dawson Genealogy. They had five children, all born in Chester County : Mariann, b. 6, 6, 1819, d. in West Vincent, 1866 ; Rebecca, b. 6, 10, 1820, m. Edwin Fussell ; Graceanna, b. 8, 3, 1821, unmarried ; Charles, b. 9, 11, 1822, d. 10, 18, 1823 ; Elizabeth R., b. 1, 15, 1824, d. 10, 10, 1863. In the history of the " Underground Railroad," it is said of Mariann, Graceanna, and Elizabeth R. that they " were among the most faithful, devoted, and quietly efficient workers in the anti-slavery cause, including that department of it which is the subject of this volume." Graceanna resides at Media, the home of her sister, Rebecca Fussell. She is a devoted student of natural history, and especially of ornithology, on which and kindred topics she has frequently delivered courses of lectures. She has in preparation for publication a comprehensive work on Natural History, based on the most advanced ideas of scientific thought. (23) Thomas Lewis married Martha George, daughter of John and Sarah. She died 3, 2, 1836. Their children were John G., b. 8, 27, 1797, d. 12, 21, 1849 ; Evan, b. 2, 5, 1799, d. 4, 30, 1858 ; Elijah, b. 2, 5, 1799. His residence was near the scene of the " Christiana Riot," in which certain slave-owners lost their lives in the attempt to capture runaway slaves, and he was indicted for treason for declining to assist the former, but was acquitted. Josiah, b. 9, 1, 1803 ; Charles, b. 11, 5, 1807, d. 7, 18, 1826 ; Thomas, b. 9, 7, 1809, d. 4th mo. 1862. (26) Elijah Lewis, of Radnor, married, 9, 19, 1799, Esther Massey, daughter of Thomas and Jane, of Willis-town, where he settled. Their children were Thomas M., Enos, Richard, Ann (married Jesse G. Hicks and Truman Yarnall), Jane (married Nathan Garrett), Sarah (married John Smedley), and Enos Montgomery Lewis. RALPH LEWIS, with his wife, Mary, and family, emigrated from the parish of Illan, in Glamorganshire, and came over in company with John Bevan in 1683 or 1684, and settled in Haverford. He was a member of the Society of Friends by convincement, and the certificate brought with him attests the excellence of his character and the innocency of his life. His children who survived him were Mary, who married James, and Lydia, who married Joseph Sharpless, both sons of the immigrant John Sharpless ; Abraham, who married Mary, daughter of Anthony Morgan ; Thomas, who married Jane, daughter of Rees Meridith, of Radnor; Sarah, who married William, son of Richard Walters, of Merion ; and Samuel, married to Phebe, daughter of Josiah Taylor, of Marple. Ralph Lewis died about 1710, and his wife six years earlier. WILLIAM LEWIS, with his wife, Ann, came from the parish of Illan, in Glamorganshire, Wales, about the year 1686, and settled in the northeastern part of Haver-ford township. He was a brother of Ralph Lewis. Their son David was married to Ann Jones, of Merion, in 1695. William Lewis removed to Newtown, where he and his wife died in the early part of 1708, within a few days of each other. They were both members of the religious Society of Friends, William being frequently called upon in the administration of the affairs of his meeting. Besides his son David, who settled on the mansion tract in Haverford, Wm. Lewis had three sons, viz. : Lewis, Evan, and William, and one daughter, Seaborn. Lewis married Mary Powell, of Bristol ; Evan, Mary, the daughter of Jonathan and Ann Hayes, of Marple ; and William, Gwen Jones, of Gwynedd. Evan died in 1735, and William, the younger, in 1731. The daughter was born in 1686 at sea, and hence the name. All the sons but David settled in Newtown. ELLIS LEWIS was born in Wales about the year 1680. His father dying while he was quite young, his mother married Owen Roberts. They all appear to have been Quakers, and about the year 1698 made arrangements for migrating to Pennsylvania. They had proceeded so far as to forward their goods, but severe sickness of the family obliged them to remain. After being restored to health they did not carry out their original design, but removed to Mountmellick, Ireland, where they resided till 1708, when Ellis obtained a certificate from the meeting at that place and came to Pennsylvania. Being a Welshman he met with a kind reception from the Welsh Friends of Haverford, a number of whom were probably his relatives. The next year (1709) he removed within the bounds of Concord Meeting, and in 1713 was married to Elizabeth, the daughter of Nathaniel Newlin. In 1716 he removed to Kennet, and, his wife dying in 1723, he some time afterwards married Mary Baldwin. In 1749 he removed to Wilmington, and died 6, 31, 1750, aged seventy years. He is said to have been a man of good understanding, and was frequently concerned in settling differences among his neighbors. The Hon. Ellis Lewis, formerly chief justice of the Supreme Court of Pennsylvania, is said to be descended from him. His children were Robert, b. 1, 21, 1714 ; Mary, b. 1, 6, 1716, m. Joshua Pusey ; Nathaniel, b. 10, 11, 1717, d. 7, 1, 1751 ; Ellis, b. 3, 22, 1719. WILLIAM LEWIS, son of Josiah Lewis, was born in Edgmont about the year 1748, on the farm since owned by Samuel L. Smedley. His mother it is believed was Martha Allen. His early years were passed in the rustic labors of the farm, but by industrious efforts at self-teaching he acquired a tolerably good English education, and then engaged in the study of law with Nicholas Waln, an eminent Quaker, and distinguished lawyer of Philadelphia. While a student he mastered enough Latin and French to enable him to read old entries and reports, and he did read them faithfully. His literary tincture is believed to have been light, probably scarcely amounting to what may be called the middle tincture,-now pretty common. He was something of a purist in language, and very exact in pronunciation. No man of his day knew the doctrines of the common law better. He came to the Philadelphia bar before 636 - HISTORY OF CHESTER COUNTY, PENNSYLVANIA the adoption of the State constitution of 1776 ; was engaged in nearly all the important causes, particularly in cases of high treason, for which he had a special vocation and capacity. In these causes he was uniformly on the side of the defendant. It may afford a distinct idea of his political sentiments to state that during the administrations of Washington and John Adams, and continuously during life, Mr. Lewis was a thorough Federalist,—amusingly anti-Gallican, and entirely anti-Jeffersonian. He was district judge of Pennsylvania from 1791 to 1792, when Judge Peters was appointed. He was counsel for the petitioners, in 1794, against the election of Albert Gallatin to the U. S. Senate. " The fillet with which fiction covers the eyes of Justice to make her blind to the inequality of the parties is taken from her eyes, and her arms are pinioned with it. The old doctrine of contempt of court is an immense safeguard to trial by jury." William Lewis had his peculiarities with regard to the fashions of dress. He abominated the Gallican invention, as he called it, of pantaloons, and stuck to knee-breeches all his life. Under the same prejudice, he adhered to hair-powder and a cue, because the French Revolutionists had first rejected them from their armies. He had a peculiarity in solemn speaking which never deserted him,—a lingering upon a few emphatic words, as if he could not get them out. He also had a habit of sounding certain monosyllables as if consisting of two syllables. Clear and plain were uttered as if written cul-lear and pul-lain. On one occasion, in court, he pronounced as follows : " And this, may it please your Honors, is as cullear and as pul-lain as that the devil is in Paris ; and that nobody can doubt." Mr. Lewis was an incessant smoker of cigars. He smoked at the fireplace and in the courtroom ; he smoked in the court-library ; he smoked in his office ; he smoked in the street ; he smoked in bed ; and he would have smoked in church, if he had ever gone there. The last cause he tried was in the spring of 1819, and he died in the month of August following. William Lewis was a very learned lawyer, fully awake to the elevation and dignity of his profession. He was a clear and logical reasoner, and of very vigorous mind, rising, at times, in his oral arguments to the highest eloquence of reason, though no man cultivated less the graces of oratory. Ile was, moreover, subtle, ingenious, full of resources, and perhaps as shining an advocate in a bad or doubtful cause as he was unquestionably able in a good one. His residence in Philadelphia was on the east bank of the Schuylkill above Girard Avenue, now within Fairmount Park. RICHARD BARNARD LEWIS was distinguished as a civil engineer. Entered the service of the Pennsylvania Railroad Company in 1845, where he remained seven years. In 1852 he was appointed chief engineer of the Vicksburg and Meridian Railroad. He was afterwards superintendent of the work of the Hoosac tunnel, but on account of the climatic effect upon his health he returned to Mississippi. In 1864 he returned to the service of the Pennsylvania Railroad, and was made superintendent of one of their branch roads, and was soon afterwards elected president of the Broad Top Railroad. He resigned the latter position to accept the superintendency of the St. Louis and Vandalia Railroad. Mr. Lewis was selected by the Pennsylvania Railroad Company to assist Capt. Eads in the location of the St. Louis bridge. He built the Carthage branch of the Chicago, Burlington and Quincy Railroad ; the Quincy, Alton and St. Louis Railroad to Louisiana, and the St. Joseph and Atchison Railroad. Mr. Lewis was fond of literary pursuits and study, and yet his name is connected with much of the important civil engineering of the country, particularly in the South and West. lie was born in Chester County about 1825, and died at his home, Quincy, Ill., about 1879. His life was unostentatious, though busy and successful, and he was distinguished for his domestic and social virtues. LLOYD, DAVID, a Welshman, and one of the most eminent of the early settlers of Pennsylvania, arrived at Philadelphia in 1686, and at first settled in that city, where he married Grace Growdon, a most estimable lady. By profession he was a lawyer, and William Penn, being well acquainted with his abilities and legal attainments, commissioned him the same year as attorney-general of the province. He was greatly in advance of his age in his views of good government, and particularly in a correct comprehension of the rights of the governed. These he advocated with so much zeal and ability that he rarely failed in carrying his point. In opposing what were then called " the proprietary interests," but what often were nothing more than proprietary pretensions, he acquired the reputation, particularly with those in interest with the government, of being perverse and factious as a politician, but time has served to correct that judgment, for the instances are few indeed where the positions assumed and the arguments advanced by him would not be fully sustained and approved by the present age. His integrity and abilities were never questioned. Besides the office of attorney-general, he was deputy register-general under his Welsh friend, Thomas Ellis ; deputy or clerk of the master of rolls ; was frequently a member of the Assembly, and Speaker of that body. In 1717 he received the appointment of chief justice of Pennsylvania, and continued to hold that office till his death. As a Quaker, David Lloyd was zealous and consistent, frequent in his attendance at the meetings of that society, and sometimes appearing in the ministry. The Welsh Friends, whose meetings he sometimes visited, submitted difficult questions arising in church matters to his final determination. In his family " he was exemplary, treating all about him with humanity, and choosing rather to be loved than feared." In 1691 he purchased a large tract of land at Chester, embracing a considerable portion of what is now the improved part of the borough, but he did not remove to that place till about the year 1712. His only dwelling-house at Chester, now known as " the Commodore Porter house," was built by himself. He left no children, and few relatives in this country. He died 2, 6, 1731, aged seventy-five years. His wife survived him twenty-nine years. The remains of both repose in Friends' burial-ground at Chester. BIOGRAPHICAL AND GENEALOGICAL - 637 LIGHTFOOT, THOMAS, born about 1645, probably in Cambridgeshire; went thence to Ireland, and in 1716 came to New Garden, Chester Co. He removed to Darby township shortly before his death, which occurred 9, 4, 1725. The name of his first wife is thought to be Mary, and that of his second Sarah, a widow. The children of his first wife were Catharine, who married James Miller; Michael ; William, who remained in Ireland; and Abigail, who married Joseph Wiley. By the second wife were Elizabeth, b. 1, 11, 1695-6, m. Arthur Jones ; Sarah, b. 5, 29, 1698, d. 1702 ; Samuel, b. 2, 5, 1701, d. 2, 26, 1777 ; Margaret, b. 12, 18, 1702, m. Isaac Starr ; Jacob, b. 10, 16, 1706, m. Mary Bonsall, 3, 25, 1735. Michael Lightfoot, the eldest son, with Mary, his wife, and three children, came from Ireland in 1712, and settled in New Garden ; afterwards removed to Philadelphia, and was provincial treasurer at the time of his death, 12, 3, 1754. His children were Sarah, b. 4, 30, 1707, m. John Hutton ; Elinor, b. 10, 16, 1708, m. Francis Parvin ; Mary, b. 1, 20, 1710-1, m. Samuel Clarke ; Katharine, b. 6, 12, 1714 ; Thomas, b. 5, 16, 1716 ; William, b. 3, 22, 1720, in. Jane George. Samuel Lightfoot married, 7, 30, 1725, Mary, daughter of Benjamin Head, of Chester, and afterwards settled in Pikeland. He was a surveyor. His children were Benjamin, b. 6, 28, 1726, also a surveyor ; Thomas, b. 2, 7, 1728, d. 10, 5, 1793 ; Samuel Abbott, b. 1, 7, 1729-30, d. 7, 30, 1759, at Pittsburgh ; William, b. 1, 20, 1732, d. 11, 25, 1797. Thomas Lightfoot, Sr., was a prominent minister among Friends, as were also his daughter Catharine and son M ichael. LINDLEY, JAMES, with Eleanor, his wife, a sister of Thomas Parke, of East Caln, came from Ireland, and brought a certificate from Carlow Monthly Meeting to that of Newark, held 8, 3, 1713. He purchased 200 acres in New Garden in 1713, and 400 in Londongrove in 1722, in the deed for which he is styled a blacksmith. Thomas Lindley, a brother, perhaps, was a blacksmith in Philadelphia, but owned land in Caln. which he sold to Thomas Parke. The children of James and Eleanor Lindley were Thomas, b. 2, 25, 1706 ; Rachel, b. 5, 11, 1707 ; James, b. 4, 30, 1709 ; Margery ; Robert, b. 4, 30, 1712 ; William, b. 12, 20, 1714, d. 10, 26, 1726 ; Alice, b. 2, 25, 1716 ; Mary, b. 9, 4, 1717 ; Jonathan, b. 3, 11, 1719, m. Deborah Halliday, 2, 15, 1741; Elizabeth, b. 8, 4, 1720 ; Hannah, b. 1, 11, 1723 ; Eleanor, b. 1, 11, 1727-8. James Lindley died 10, 13, 1726, and his widow married Henry Jones. Thomas, the eldest son, married Ruth Hadley and went to Orange Co., N. C. The children of Jonathan and Deborah Lindley were Jacob, b. 9, 18, 1744, in. 11, 14, 1782, to Hannah, widow of William Miller ; James, b. 10, 18, 1746 ; Jonathan, b. 9, 18, 1750 ; Deborah, b. 12, 26, 1753 ; Ruth, m. 11, 6, 1800, to David Wilson. Jacob Lindley was a noted minister among Friends, and belonged to New Garden Meeting. LIPPARD, GEORGE.-This distinguished novelist and author was born near the Yellow Springs, Chester Co., April 10, 1822. His ancestors were among the earliest settlers of the State, and in the " Old Time Graveyard," in Germantown, so vividly described and so dearly loved by Mr. Lippard, their remains repose in one unbroken line. At the age of fifteen he entered the offrce, in Philadelphia, of Mr. William Badger as a law student, and subsequently, from personal considerations only, transferred the scene of his studies to the office of Ovid F. Johnston, then attorney-general of the State. In the fall of 1841 he became associated with The Spirit of the Times, to which his first literary exertions were contributed. His quaint sayings, humorous chapters, and pungent paragraphs soon made the paper sought after by all who could appreciate a clever joke, or a piquant recital of the doings of the world around them. The first novel, we believe, from his pen, entitled " The Ladye Annabel," published in The Citizen Soldier, created a decided sensation. Thousands read and re-read its exciting pages with the utmost interest and gratification, and week after week the edition of the paper was exhausted at an early moment. He commenced his author-life at twenty, and for twelve years toiled almost unceasingly, and his prominent works and literary labors are noticed more at length under the head of " Educational and Literary," in this history. LONGSTRETH, BARTHOLOMEW, born in Longstroth Dale, deanery of Craven, Yorkshire, England, 8, 24, 1679, came to Pennsylvania, bringing a certificate from Settle Meeting dated 1, 1, 1698-9. Having by industry and economy laid up about £400, he undertook a trading voyage to Tortola, but his consignment was lost at sea, and he was taken sick on his arrival by another vessel. Returning to Pennsylvania, he bought land on Edge Hill, on the line between Philadelphia and Bucks Counties, afterwards settling in Warminster, Bucks Co. He married, at Horsham, 11, 29, 1727, Ann Dawson, born in London, 1705, daughter of John and Dorothy, of Moreland, Philadelphia Co. Bartholomew died suddenly, August 8, 1749, and was buried at Horsham. His widow married, 6, 7, 1753, Robert Tomkins, of Warrington, Bucks Co., by whom she is said to have been unkindly treated ; for which reason she left him, and lived for a time with her son Daniel at the homestead, afterwards removing to Charlestown, Chester Co., bringing a certificate from Abington for herself and three younger children, Elizabeth, Joseph, and Benjamin, which was presented to Goshen Monthly Meeting 10, 15, 1759. She died 3, 18, 1783, and was buried at Friends' graveyard, Pikeland, near Kimberton, as was also her mother, Dorothy Dawson. Having a slave in her possession, named Solomon, she executed a paper of manumission, dated 7, 7, 1775, she " feeling a disposition of mind to do upright and impartial justice unto all men." Children of Bartholomew and Ann Longstreth : Sarah, b. 11, 8, 1728-9, d. 9, 21, 1800, in. William Fussell ; John, b. 4, 10, 1730, d. 1737 ; Daniel, b. 2, 28, 1732, d. 11, 19, 1803, in. twice ; Jane, b. 1, 18, 1733-4, d. aged 20 months; Jane, b. 11, 23, 1735-6, d. 5, 16, 1795, m. Jonathan Coates ; Ann, b. 11, 3, 1737-8, d. 6, 26, 1824, m. Benjamin Coates ; John, b. 8, 25, 1739, d. 4, 16, 1817, m. Jane 638 - HISTORY OF CHESTER COUNTY, PENNSYLVANIA. Minshall ; Elizabeth, b. 3, 15, 1741, d. 6, 28, 1813, m. Joseph Starr ; Isaac, b. 12, 16, 1742-3, d. 12, 4, 1817, m. Martha Thomas ; Joseph, b. 10, 11, 1744, d. 1798 or 1803, m. Susannah Morris ; Benjamin, b. 7, 17, 1746 (or 9), d. 8, 4, 1802, m. Sarah Fussell. John Longstreth married Jane, daughter of John and Sarah Minshall, and lived at what is now Phoenixville. They had seven children,-Daniel, Hannah, John, Sarah, Anne, Moses, Jane. Benjamin Longstreth married Sarah, daughter of Solomon Fussell, and his second wife, Mary Wilson, b. 10, 12, 1751, died 4, 23, 1797. He built the first iron-works at Phoenixville, and is therefore claimed to have been the founder of the town. His children were Joseph, William W., Benjamin, Mary, Ann, Sarah, Samuel, Elizabeth, Rachel W., Hannah, Jacob, and George F. Longstreth. LOVE, REV. THOMAS.-The Love family were among the early settlers in Fagg's Manor, and several of its members have at different times filled important positions, both in church and state. Among them was Rev. Thomas Love, who was born in 1796, and died Dec. 22, 1879. His early life was spent on his father's farm, where he acquired a robust frame, a knowledge of agriculture, and a practical ingenuity which often served him in good purpose in afterlife. He was licensed to preach by the Presbytery of New Castle, April 2, 1823, and on Dec. 1, 1825, became pastor of the church of Lower Brandywine, then called the " Old Log Church," and of Red Clay Creek, long known as " McKennan's Meeting-house," both in Delaware and near to the line of Chester County. He had charge of the former until Oct. 7, 1856, and of the latter until June 1, 1862, after which he passed the remainder of his long and useful life on his farm in Delaware. He was a sound, plain, and instructive preacher, and possessed a spirit which made his name of Love a truthful one. The influence of his life and character, as well as his words, in promoting temperance, education, religion, and everything good, was wide, and acknowledged in all the region in which his lot was cast. He was married in 1823 to Miss Sarah Latta, one of that remarkable family which furnished with him five well-known and useful ministers. He left one child, a daughter, who married a Mr. Springer. Of his grandchildren, one-Rev. Thomas Love Springer-is a pastor in York Co., Pa., and two are physicians. LOOMIS, DAVIS K.-The Loomis family at an early date emigrated from the north of England. William, one of several brothers, settled in Nantmeal township, in this county. His son John married Faithful Strickland, a sister of Judge Nimrod Strickland. Their son John married Rebecca Davis, who had five sons and three daughters. Of these, the second son and third child was Davis K. Loomis, born Aug. 27, 1847. In addition to the public schools, he attended the Oakdale Academy at Pughtown, and afterwards the Normal School at Millersville, Pa. He subsequently taught school in East Vincent and in Berks County, and later clerked for D. S. Taylor, a merchant in Spring City ; then embarked in mercantile business at East Vincent post-office, under the firm-name of Loomis & Hiestand, where he was postmaster two years. He then removed to Philadelphia, and was engaged in a fancy gro cery-store, where he remained until 1876, when he removed to Nantmeal village, where he has since resided, busily engaged in the mercantile business. In 1878 he was a candidate in the Republican county convention for prothonotary, and came within two votes of securing the nomination. In 1876 he was appointed postmaster, and resigned in 1878. Mr. Loomis was married, Jan. 2, 1873, to Mary L., daughter of John and Sarah Latshaw, of East Pikeland township, by whom he has two children, Sarah Rebecca and Ora Kate. He took the symbolical degrees of Masonry in 1870, in Mount Pickering Lodge, No. 446, and is a member of Phoenix Chapter, Royal Arch Masons, No. 198, at Phoenixville, where he received the capitular degrees in 1871. In East Nantmeal township the first of the Loomis family to buy land was William, who, on April 20, 1797, purchased two tracts. LOWDEN, JOHN, a noted Quaker preacher, came to New Garden in 1711, and it may have been at his suggestion that the township was named, as it appears he had been a member of New Garden Meeting, in the county of Carlow, Ireland. During the short time he lived in this country he traveled much in the ministry. He died intestate, 1st mo. 19, 1713-4, and the granting of letters of administration on his estate was the first act of the kind on record in Chester County. Previous to that time letters of administration were granted by the register-general in Philadelphia for the whole province. John Lowden had a son William, born in 1704, and perhaps James and Richard. The widow, Margaret Lowden, was married, in 1716, to Joseph Garnett. BIOGRAPHICAL AND GENEALOGICAL - 639 McADEN, REV. HUGH, was born in Chester Co., Pa. ; graduated at Princeton in 1753 ; studied theology under the direction of John Blair, at Fagg's Manor, and was licensed to preach by New Castle Presbytery in 1755. He became pastor of churches in North Carolina in 1759 ; and died Jan. 20, 1781, leaving a widow and seven children. He suffered much from the ravages of the British army during the Revolutionary war. Two days before his death the army passed by, ransacked his house, destroyed his papers and many other valuables, and within two weeks thereafter took up their quarters in one of the churches where he had preached. He faithfully fulfilled his duties, and left behind him an honorable memory. McCAUGHEY, ENOCH S.—Nathaniel McCaughey came from Londonderry, Ireland, in 1797, and settled in Sadsbury township, of this county. He married Jeannette Stewart [a granddaughter of Walter Stewart, who emigrated to Chester County about 1720, and married Margaret Andrew. Walter Stewart died in April, 1778, and his wife Margaret (Andrew) Sept. 7, 1748, aged thirty-eight years. Both are buried in Upper Octorara graveyard]. To Nathaniel and Jeannette (Stewart) McCaughey were born four children, of whom the eldest was Enoch S. McCaughey, born in Sadsbury township, April 6, 1810. He spent his boyhood days on the farm, and was engaged in agricultural pursuits until he was twenty-five years of age. He then entered into the mercantile business, which he continued for fifteen years, when he began farming in what is now East Caln township, being thus engaged some eighteen years. For the past twelve years he has been in the mercantile business in Downingtown. He married, March 18, 1839, Eunice M., daughter of Samuel and Sarah Bunn, of Honeybrook township. To them four children have been born,—William Franklin, John Alfred, Robert, deceased in his fourth year, and Edwin M. His wife is a member of the Presbyterian Church, in which faith he was educated. A Democrat of the Jeffersonian school, his first Presidential vote was cast for Gen. Jackson, in 1832. He was postmaster of Churchtown, Lancaster Co., for two years, and six years at Coatesville, in this county, during the administrations of Presidents Van Buren and Polk. He is now engaged at Downingtown in the general mercantile business, under the firm-name of E. S. McCaughey & Son. He has been successful in business, and merits the good name his upright conduct and integrity have given him in public estimation. MACLAY, WILLIAM.-It is not generally known that one of the first senators of the United States from Pennsylvania was of Chester County birth. These senators were Robert Morris and William Maclay. The father of the latter was Charles Maclay, who was born in county Antrim, Ireland, in 1703, married Eleanor Query, and emigrated to America in 1734, and settled in Chester Co., Pa., where their son, William Maclay, was born, July 20, 1737. The family, in 1740, removed to Lurgan township, in (now) Franklin County. William Maclay's early education was acquired under Rev. John Blair, at one time pastor of the Fagg's Manor Church, in this county, and an eminent educator. He read law, and was admitted to the York County bar April 28, 1760, but never practiced his profession, entering the service of the proprietaries as deputy surveyor of Berks County, then embracing the northwestern part of the State. In 1772, upon the organization of Northumberland County, he was appointed prothonotary and clerk of the courts. After holding these offices six years he was, in 1781, elected to the Assembly, and from that time forward, as member of Assembly and of the Supreme Executive Council, Indian commissioner, etc., he was a controlling factor in moulding the legislation and settling the land titles of Pennsylvania. He served in the Senate of the United States two years, on the first organization of that body, where he did much to develop those ideas which led to the formation of the Democratic party, and in this he, in fact, preceded Jefferson, although historians give the credit to the latter. He had, however, assumed an independent position and opposed the tendency of Federal principles and ideas before Jefferson's return from Europe. In connection with the surveyor-general, Mr. Maclay laid out the town of Sunbury for the Penns in 1772, where he built a stone mansion, still standing. He married Mary Harris, daughter of John Harris, subsequently' proprietor of Harrisburg, on Sept. 15, 1774. He afterwards removed to his farm, now within the limits of Harrisburg, where he died, April 16, 1804, in the sixty-seventh year of his age, and being at the time a member of Assembly from Dauphin County. His descendants have been prominent in so ciety, business, and the professions, in this and other States. McCLELLAN, JOSEPH, one of the earnest men of the Revolutionary epoch, was the eldest of eight children of James and Martha McClellan, and was born in the township of Middletown, Chester (now Delaware) Co., April 28, 1747. His father, who was a substantial and industrious farmer, removed, about the year 1770, from Middletown to Sadsbury township, in the county of Chester. In the be- 640 - HISTORY OF CHESTER COUNTY, PENNSYLVANIA. ginning of the year 1776 the Rev. Mr. Foster, a Presbyterian clergyman, preached a sermon to the young men of his congregation and neighborhood at the Octorara church upon the subject of their duty to their country in its then trying situation. Joseph McClellan was present, and the fire of his patriotism was enkindled. On mature reflection he resolved to engage in the service of his country, much to the chagrin of his mother, who refused thereafter, it is said, to recognize the minister who had thus influenced her son. By the intervention of the pastor and some other friends, Mr. McClellan was appointed lieutenant of a company of musketeers, commanded by Abraham Marshall, and July 15, 1776, was appointed a captain in the battalion commanded by Col. Samuel Atlee. He was then transferred to the 9th Regiment of the Pennsylvania line, to serve during the war, in which situation he continued until March 22, 1781, when, in consequence of the reduction of the Pennsylvania line to six regiments, he was transferred to the 2d Regiment, commanded by Col. Walter Stewart. From the time of his joining the army until his resignation, Capt. McClellan was generally with its main body, and marched with it in its several movements in New York, New Jersey, Pennsylvania, Maryland, and Virginia. He was in the battles of Long Island, Brandywine, and Monmouth. His regiment was not at Trenton, and illness prevented his presence at Germantown. Capt. McClellan was remarkably steady and temperate in his habits, a strict disciplinarian, and always ready and reliable for active duty. He continued in the service until June 13, 1781, when Gen. Wayne, after repeated solicitations, consented to recommend the acceptance of his resignation to the commanderin-chief. His reason for resigning was a conviction of filial duty his parents had become infirm and helpless, and were left alone in their old age. Gen. Wayne, in an indorsement upon the back of Capt. McClellan's commission, testifies to his merits : " . . . It is a duty which I owe to justice and merit, to declare that the conduct of Capt. McClellan upon every occasion has been that of a brave, active, and vigilant officer, which will ever recommend him to the attention of the country and the esteem of his fellow-citizens." In 1784, Joseph McClellan was elected a commissioner of Chester County. In 1786 he married Keziah, daughter of Joseph Parke, Esq., and soon after settled on a farm on the southern side of West Chester, within the borough limits, where he resided a number of years. In August, 1790, he was elected lieutenant of Chester County, with the rank of colonel. In 1792 he was elected sheriff, and in 1794, upon the outbreak of the Whisky Rebellion in Western Pennsylvania, he promptly raised a volunteer troop of cavalry, composed of the gentlemen and gentlemen's sons of the county, and led them to headquarters ready for action. In 1797, Col. McClellan was elected a member of the State Senate, and in 1811 he was appointed chairman of a commission to purchase a suitable lot and erect an academy in the borough of West Chester, which was accordingly done. In 1814 the Bank of Chester County was established, of which Joseph McClellan was the first president. Some time afterwards, on retiring from the service of the bank, he purchased and removed to a farm in Brandywine township, in the cultivation and improvement of which he passed the remainder of his days. Upon the visit of Gen. Lafayette to the United States, in 1824-25, Col. McClellan was appointed chairman of a large committee to invite the " nation's guest" to visit the battle-grounds of the Brandywine, and witness the joyous manifestations of a grateful people. The aged patriot promptly accepted the appointment, mounted the Revolutionary cockade on his hat, and was never " among the missing" when anything was to be done. Having served long under Lafayette, the meeting of the colonel with his old commander was a touching scene. This was the last appearance of Col. McClellan on a public occasion. He died Oct. 13, 1834, after a short illness, in his eighty-eighth year, and was interred in the grave of his father, at Octorara Meeting-house, where he had first been aroused to that sense of duty to his country to which his heart so promptly and so faithfully responded. Col. McClellan was a true soldier, a good citizen, a professing Christian, and an upright man. He was the father of four children, and left a widow and two of the children, with a number of descendants, to cherish his memory, to inherit his enviable reputation, and emulate his noble example. His daughter Ann, born Aug. 15, 1787, became the wife of William Hemphill. LIEUT. SAMUEL MCCLELLAN, of Col. Montgomery's regiment of Flying Camp, was captured at Fort Washington Nov. 16, 1776, and confined on Long Island. He was admitted to parole May 20, 1777, but on Sept. 29, 1779, was ordered into the prisons in New York. He received the attention of Mr. Pintard, Mr. Skinner, and Mr. Adams, who furnished him with supplies. He was exchanged Dec. 7, 1780, and returned to-his home in Chester Co., Pa. DR. ROBERT L. MCCLELLAN.—Robert L. McClellan, son of Samuel W. and Fanny B. McClellan (and grandson of Robert and Hannah Whiting McClellan, and Edward and Hannah Roberts Pearce), was born in West Brandywine township, Chester Co., Pa., Oct. 20, 1822. His scholastic education was obtained in the common schools, and in Joshua Hoopes' academy in West Chester. He commenced teaching at the Union school-house, in his native township, during the winter of 1840-41, and his success may be inferred from the fact that he taught in that house for six winters and two summers, meanwhile doing something at land-surveying and conveyancing, and assisting on his father's farm, until April, 1847, when he commenced the study of dentistry with Sharpless Clayton. After fifteen months thus spent, he was engaged as an assistant, alternately, with William H. Thompson, in Coatesville, and Robert W. McKissick, in Cochranville, until the death of the latter, in the early part of 1851, when he commenced for himself the practice of dentistry in the rooms which he had lately occupied. Although he had enjoyed better opportunities of obtaining dental knowledge than are usually possessed by students, yet, after he had practiced his profession for some time, he BIOGRAPHICAL AND GENEALOGICAL - 641 DR. ROBERT L. McCLELLAN. resolved to obtain more knowledge of the adjuncts appertaining to the dental science. With this in view, in the winter of 1855-56 he matriculated in Philadelphia, and attended lectures in a dental and medical college, and also in the Philadelphia School of Anatomy, presided over by Dr. David Hayes Agnew. Graduating at the Dental College with the degree of Doctor of Dental Surgery, he returned to Cochranville and resumed the practice of his profession. From that time he has been favored with a large and successful business. In the fall of 1861 he was elected to the State Legislature as a member of the House of Representatives, and re-elected in 1862 and 1863. He was an active member, serving upon the Committee on Education (the third session as its chairman), introduced the first propositions to abolish Saturday sessions in our common schools, and in 1864 introduced and advocated the passage of the first bill for the creation of the Pennsylvania Soldiers' Orphans' Schools.* In the session of 1863 he prepared and introduced a bill providing for the transportation of sick and deceased soldiers to their homes at the expense of the State, which failed at that session in becoming a law for want of time to consider it. He was elected to the State Senate in the fall of 1874, and served in the sessions of 1875 and 1876. He there introduced a bill, which was enacted into a law, providing for the erection and maintaining on the public roads of public watering-troughs. He has always taken a lively interest in educational mat- * The skeleton of the bill had been prepared by Prof. Wickersham, of the Millersville Normal School, at the suggestion of Governor Curtin. This skeleton bill was put into practical shape by the Governor, Attorney-General Meredith, and himself, as chairman of the Committee on Education, in a conference for that purpose.—(See original bill, in the files of the House of Representatives, session of 1864.) - 81 - ters, and has done much to improve the common-school system in this State. The Hon. Thomas H. Burrows, superintendent of common schools, accords to Mr. McClellan the honor of suggesting district institutions, provisions for which subsequently became a part of the school law. In 1852 he married Hannah Matilda Downey, of Lea-cock, Lancaster Co., Pa., who died in 1875, and in 1877 married Martha A. Futhey, sister of Judge Futhey. Mr. McClellan is still (1881) residing in Cochranville, and practicing the dental profession. MCCLURE, JOHN.—In July, 1730, John McClure and his four brothers came from Ireland and settled in North Carolina. Of these brothers, John, James, and another, whose name is unknown, afterwards migrated to Uwchlan township, in this county. A patent was granted by Thomas and Richard Penn (sons of William), proprietaries of Pennsylvania, to John and James McClure, dated Oct. 12, 1748, for two contiguous tracts in Uwchlan, containing in the whole 361 acres. The titles of these lands became subsequently vested in John McClure alone. He died seized of the same, and by his will of Dec. 30, 1775, devised the same to his two sons, Joseph and Benjamin. John married, in 1743, Jane Ahll, and to them were born eight children,—Esther, m. Mr. Williams ; James, Mary, Joseph, Elizabeth, Rachel, m. John Neal ; Jane, m. John Wallace ; and Benjamin. John McClure, the emigrant, died March 25, 1777, aged seventy-two years, and his wife, Jane, Feb. 15, 1762. Of their children, Joseph, born Oct. 27, 1749, married Martha Thompson, and had eight children,—Jane, Elizabeth, James, Joseph, Martha, John, Rachel, and Mary. Of these, the youngest son, John, was born July 26, 1791. He was married, Feb. 6, 1816, to Elizabeth Mackelduff, by whom he had two sons, Joseph and James. His wife died Aug. 642 - HISTORY OF CHESTER COUNTY, PENNSYLVANIA. 22, 1822, and he was the second time married (Jan. 13, 1824), to Elizabeth Mackelduff, a first cousin of his first wife, by whom he had one daughter and two sons,—Elizabeth, John, and Samuel. His last wife died Dec. 15,1867, and he departed this life Feb. 9, 1873. He was emphatically a business man, but was successful as a farmer. Many years previous to his death he retired from active life to his quiet home, where he spent the close of an honored life. For about eleven years in the Brandywine Manor Presbyterian Church, where he was ordained, and for thirty-three years in the Fairview Presbyterian Church, he filled the offrce of ruling elder with entire acceptability. The McClure residence was built in 1833. The woolen-mill was erected in 1844, on a site which had an old gristmill, which, with 80 acres, John McClure bought in 1816, and to which he removed. This woolen-mill John carried on until 1865, then his sons Samuel and John .operated it. He gave it to John in 1865, who the following year conveyed it to Joseph McClure, of whose estate it is now a part ; it is operated by Samuel McClure as manager. At its full capacity the mill employs forty-odd hands, and manufactures some fifty-six thousand yards monthly of jeans, for which a market is found in New York and Philadelphia. Woolens and cottons are also made, but jeans is its principal product. McCULLOUGH, JAMES, was born in the southwestern portion of Chester County, now known as the township of Lower Oxford, in the year 1758. At the age of eighteen years he entered the Revolutionary army as a private soldier, and his first march was under Col. Anthony Wayne to the Canadian frontier, early in 1776. In August of that year his name appears in the regimental orders as a sergeant in the company of Capt. James Taylor, of Wayne's battalion, at Ticonderoga. Soon after this he was promoted to the rank of lieutenant, in which capacity he served until some short time after the taking of Stony Point. When the day was lost at the battle of Brandywine, he and his comrades were driven in their retreat through a buckwheat-field, and as he arrived at the fence on the farthest side of the field he stopped a moment. Seeing the rails being shattered with balls, and being nearly exhausted, he sat down on a large stone, wishing a ball might strike him ; but, being encouraged by a friend, he rallied again, and made good his escape. At the time of Gen. Grey's exploit of the " Paoli massacre," Lieut. McCullough was sleeping in his tent when the murderous attack was made, and not taking time to put on his clothes, gathered them up in one hand, and with his sword in the other fought his way through the enemy until he arrived at a baggage-wagon, where he halted to assist the teamster, and together they succeeded in taking the wagon with them. In the battle of Germantown he had a narrow escape. A cannon-ball passed so near his right side under his arm as to carry away a portion of his clothing, and seriously damaged his ribs on that side. He fell, and was supposed to be killed, but after some time revived, and was taken to his father's residence, where he remained until he was able to resume his place in the army. At the taking of Stony Point, Lieut. McCullough was a participant in that brilliant affair. In arranging the preliminaries of the attack, it was ordered that the forlorn hope should be led by a lieutenant, and as a dispute arose among the lieutenants about that honor, Gen. Wayne directed the applicants for the command to cast lots, on which McCullough was unsuccessful. He resolved, however, to have a hand in the matter ; he volunteered as a private, carrying a weapon called a spontoon, and was one of the two foremost in that silent attack. Having passed the sentinels, they pushed along a narrow passage, and were nearly upon the enemy before being discovered, when a rush forward brought McCullough in contact with a man just about to put a match to a cannon stationed so as to sweep the passage through which the assailants entered. In this encounter he killed the match-man, and then commenced the deadly struggle. This was the only engagement in which McCullough knew he had taken life. Soon after the capture of Stony Point., Lieut. McCullough was promoted to a captaincy, in which capacity he continued until his death, near Charleston, S. C., in 1783, having served as a faithful soldier and patriot throughout the Revolutionary contest. His nephew, William McCullough, Esq., now of West Chester, writes of him as follows : " I heard a member of his command tell my father that in the spring of 1777, at a review of the troops, at which the wives of Gens. Washington and Lee were present, Washington called out two officers, each six feet high, and placed a ramrod on their heads, and called upon my uncle to jump over it, which he did without touching it. This uncle's sword and fixings cost my grandfather forty pounds in gold. I have had that sword in my hands, but other relatives claim it and keep it." McDOWELL, JAMES, born in 1740, came from the north of Ireland about 1758, being the only one of his family who emigrated to Pennsylvania. He married, at Concord, Elizabeth Loughead, and settled on land partly belonging to her, now composing the farms of Henry D. Hodgson and Franklin Garrett, at Lincoln Station, in Oxford township. The house, now of Henry D. Hodgson, was built in 1775. About 1798 he purchased the Ruston tract of 425 acres on Elk from Dr. Thomas Ruston, and removed thither. He died Sept. 12, 1815, and was buried at New London. Capt. William McDowell, of Lower Oxford, has in his possession the following commissions to his grandfather from the Supreme Executive Council : May 1, 1786, to James McDowell, Esquire, as captain of a troop of militia light-horse in the county of Chester. Signed by Cha. Biddle. May 1, 1789, to same for the same office. Signed by Thomas Mifflin. Capt. McDowell served through the Revolutionary war, but his former commissions have been lost or mislaid. The children of James and Elizabeth were Mary, m. Rev. Samuel Barr, of New Castle ; Jane, m. John Aitken, of Philadelphia ; John, b. 1768, d. 1837, m. Sarah Gettys, of Philadelphia; Margaret, m. Joseph Beale, of Philadelphia; Catharine, m. John Whitehill, of Cumberland County ; Elizabeth, m. John Campbell, of Maryland ; Ann, m. John McCay, of Maryland ; Martha, d. unmarried. John McDowell was commissioned, May 1, 1789, ensign of the Fourth Company of foot, in the Fifth Battalion of militia, in the county of Chester. BIOGRAPHICAL AND GENEALOGICAL - 643 Another commission (in possession of his son William) is dated Aug. 1, 1814, as ensign of the ninth company of the 91st Regiment of the militia of Pennsylvania, in the Second Brigade of the Third Division, composed of the militia of the counties of Delaware and Chester. This commission was to last for seven years, and was signed by Governor Findlay. John McDowell continued to reside on the Ruston tract, which he had farmed before his father purchased it, but the latter sold 100 acres at the north end before his death. McILVAINE, HON. ABRAHAM R.—James Mcllvaine emigrated with his wife and five children from the county of Antrim, Ireland, about 1740, and was of the Scotch-Irish Presbyterian and Covenanter's stock. John, the eldest son of James, was twice married, his second wife being Lydia, daughter of Richard Barnard. James, the father of Abraham R., was the fifth of the issue of his second marriage. He married Mary, daughter of Abraham Robinson, of Naaman's Creek, Del., and settled upon a part of his father's estate on Crum Creek, in Chester County. Abraham Robinson was the son of Thomas Robinson, who emigrated from Ireland and married Sarah, daughter of Bartholomew Penrose. Abraham Robinson was the second son of James Mcllvaine, and was born Aug. 14, 1804. His education was plain and practical. He married Anna Garrison, daughter of P. Mulvaney, of Belmont Co., Ohio, who emigrated from Ireland about 1796 and married Elizabeth, daughter of Nathaniel Calvert, a descendant of Daniel Calvert, who came over with William Penn. Abraham R. was bred a farmer, and settled on " Springton Farm," which is beautifully situated on the Brandywine. After it came into his possession the appearance and quality of the land was much improved, he being a systematic and thorough farmer. In 1836 he was elected a member of the House of Representatives of Pennsylvania, and was re-elected in 1837. He declined in 1838 a nomination for the State Senate, as his private affairs demanded all his time and attention. In 1840 he was selected to represent his district in the electoral college of Pennsylvania, and cast his vote for Harrison and Tyler, the Whig and successful candidates for the Presidency and Vice-Presidency. In June, 1840, he received the nomination from what is known in Chester County as the great " Whig Meeting," on the 9th of that month, to supply a vacancy in the popular branch of the State Legislature, occasioned by the death of one of its members ; but the Speaker of the House withholding the order for the special election, it never was held. In 1842 he was elected to the Twenty-eighth Congress from the Seventh District, composed of Chester County, and was re-elected in 1844 and 1846. One of the great issues then before the country was the vexed question of a protective tariff. To the consideration of that policy his thoughts had been early directed. The results of his investigation had placed him among the ardent friends and supporters of the system ; and he took occasion to enforce his views in a masterly speech delivered April 29, 1844, and subsequently June 18, 1846. He stood among the earliest and most constant opponents of the annexation of Texas, and spoke against that measure Jan. 25, 1845. With equal resolution he opposed appropriations for the prosecution of the war against Mexico, and declined to vote on the declaratory act of May 13, 1846. In his able speech of June 18, 1846, he said, " He washed his hands of this war. It was a war unnecessarily and unjustly forced upon the country by the President, without authority of law, and in violation of the Constitution, which gives to Congress alone the power to make war." In 1848, and for successive years, he was president of the Agricultural Society of Chester and Delaware Counties, and for a long time vice-president of the State Agricultural Society. He possessed the personal esteem of men of all parties, his great abilities and the excellence of his private character being recognized by all within reach of their influence. He died Aug. 22, 1863, aged fifty-nine years. His only surviving son was Capt. Charles Mcllvaine, of Co. H, 97th Pennsylvania Regiment, in the war of the Rebellion, also captain in the 19th United States Infantry, but which position his ill health and that of his father compelled him to resign in June, 1863. See also the rosters of soldiers in the Rebellion, in Appendix. When President Lincoln was about to form his cabinet, he wrote to Mr. Mcllvaine, asking who would best please Pennsylvania, and the name of Cameron was given. After the appointment the latter wrote to Mr. Mcllvaine, thanking him for his letter to Lincoln, who had told him he owed it to " Abe." When his only living son, just twenty-one, asked leave to enter the army, Abraham responded in this wise : " Charles, I was opposed to the Mexican war ; it was wrong and wicked. I said in a speech on the floor of Congress that in a just war I would give my last cent and last drop of blood. This war is just ; I am too old and feeble now ; you may go, my boy." McKEAN.—As early as 1725, Susanna " McCain" was settled in New London on 300 acres of land which had been surveyed in 1720 for William Reynolds, now mostly in Franklin township. In her will, Dec. 28, 1730, she speaks of herself as " now living, and blessed be almighty God for the same, in the congregation of New London," and her death occurred in less than two months after. Whether she was a widow before leaving Ireland is unknown. She mentions her children, William and Thomas McCain, to whom she devised 400 acres of land ; also her daughter Barbara Murrah, son John Crighton, and son-in-law John Henderson, with his wife, Margaret, her daughter. Crighton was perhaps a son by a former husband. He died December, 1731, and in his will mentions his brothers William and Thomas McKane, sisters Barbara Murray, to whom he left his plantation, and Margaret. There was a James McKean, who may have been another In 1726 there was considerable dispute between Gabriel Alexander and his neighbors about their lands (see New London), which will explain the following : " FRIEND ABRAHAM :-I am informd yt ye hath granted a warrant to take Wm & James Mackean on ye complaint of Zackiackous Alexander for a traspas on sum Land. I would have ye have a care of thy Proseding for I do no yt Gabral nor his son Zacious hath no Grant for yt Land, but yt wido Mackean bath. I would a came to ye 644 - HISTORY OF CHESTER COUNTY, PENNSYLVANIA. but at this time I cannot : ye bisenes of Proporty is not to be triefeled with. I would have ye to quash yt warrant untill ye seas me. I conclude thy Reaial frind."  ELISHA GATCHELL. "NOTTINGHAM ye 21 day of ye 3 mo. 1727." Abra. Emmit writes, Nov. 27, 1739, that " at ye Request of Thomas McKean I try'd his Line in yt part yt it Joyns upon the London trackt," etc. In 1741, Thomas McKean, having purchased a tavern property in Tredyffrin, received license and remained there for several years, probably at the " Ball" or " King of Prussia." In 1764 and 1779 he was living in Easttown. William McKean, born in Ireland about 1707, married Letitia Finney, daughter of Robert and Dorothea Finney, of " Thunder Hill," by whom he had four children,—Robert, Thomas, Dorothea, and William. He remained in New London until 1741, when, like his brother, he entered into the business of tavern-keeping at what is now Chatham. The old brick house in New London, which was known as the birthplace of Governor Thomas McKean, was taken down about thirty-five years ago by William E. Haines, who used the brick in erecting a new house a few rods northward, now the residence of Joseph Peirce, in Franklin township. Haines subsequently built a new brick house for his son on the original site. William McKean removed in 1745 to Londonderry, succeeding James Logan as tavern-keeper, and married the widow, Anne Logan, who died in 1751. His residence in the township may have given rise to the statement that his son was born in Londonderry. A tavern property at Chatham was in possession of Thomas McKean at the breaking out of the Revolution, but it had been rented for several years. What became of the father and other children has not been noticed. THOMAS MCKEAN, a zealous and distinguished Revolutionary patriot, was born March 19, 1734, in New London township. At the age of nine he was placed in the celebrated academy of Rev. Francis Alison, D.D., at New London Cross-roads, where he completed the regular course of instruction adopted at that famous institution, and acquired a sound knowledge of the languages, of the practical branches of mathematics, rhetoric, logic, and moral philosophy. On leaving this excellent school he went to New Castle, Del., and entered the office of his relative, David Finney, Esq., as law student, and some months afterwards was a clerk there in the prothonotary's office. In two years he was appointed deputy prothonotary, etc., for New Castle County, which he retained until the twentieth year of his age. Evidence has been lately discovered of his admission as a law student at the " Temple," in London. Before he- reached his majority he was admitted as an attorney in all the courts of Delaware, and in 1756 was admitted to practice in his native county of Chester, and soon afterwards in the city and county of Philadelphia. In 1756 the attorney-general of the province appointed him his deputy to prosecute the pleas of the Crown in the county of Sussex, which he performed for two years. In 1757 he was admitted to the bar of the Supreme Court of the province, and the same and succeeding year was clerk of the Provincial Assembly. In 1762 he was selected by the Assembly, together with Caesar Rodney, to revise and reprint the laws passed subsequently to 1752. In 1762 he was elected a member of the Assembly from New Castle County, and was annually returned for seventeen successive years, during the last six of which he resided in Philadelphia. From 1764 to 1772 he served as one of the three trustees of the loan-office for New Castle County. He was a delegate to the first Provincial Congress, which assembled at New York in October, 1765, representing the counties of New Castle, Kent, and Sussex on Delaware. This " Stamp Act Congress," as it was called, having framed a declaration of rights and grievances, together with an address to his majesty, and memorials to the Lords and Commons, was dissolved Oct. 24, 1765. Mr. McKean continued to be engaged in various public employments. On July 10, 1765, he was appointed by the Governor sole notary and tabellion public for the lower counties on Delaware, and in the same year received the commission of a justice of the peace, and of the Court of Common Pleas and Quarter Sessions, and of the Orphans' Court, for the county of New Castle. In November term, 1765, and February term, 1766, he sat on the bench which ordered all the officers to proceed in their several duties as usual on unstamped paper. This was accordingly done, and it is believed that this was the first court in the colonies that established such an order. In 1766 he was licensed by the Governor of New Jersey to practice as a solicitor in chancery, attorney-at-law, and counselor in all the courts in that province. In 1771 he was appointed by the commissioners of his majesty's cus• toms collector of the port of New Castle, and in 1772 was chosen Speaker of the Assembly. To the first Continental Congress, that assembled in Philadelphia Sept. 5, 1774, he was appointed a delegate from the lower counties on Delaware, although he had, a short time before, removed his residence permanently to Philadelphia. He took his seat in that august assemblage, of which he became an invaluable ornament, and from that day his country claimed him as her own. He was annually elected a member until Feb. 1, 1783, serving in the great national council during the long and uninterrupted period of eight years and a half. Two remarkable circumstances connected with this epoch are peculiar to the life of Mr. McKean. In the first place, he was the only man who was, without intermission, a member of the Revolutionary Congress from the time of its opening, in 1774, until after the preliminaries of the peace of 1783 were signed for, notwithstanding he was also engaged in other important public affairs, his residence in Philadelphia induced his constituents to retain him. The other circumstance is, that while he represented the State of Delaware in Congress until 1783, and was in 1781 president of it, he held the office and executed the duties of chief justice of Pennsylvania. His career in Congress embraced a long series of unremitting and distinguished services. On June 12, 1776, he was appointed on the committee to prepare and digest the form of a confederation to be entered into between the colonies, a draught of which was reported, and after many postponements, debates, and amendments, was finally agreed to Nov. 15, 1777, but not signed by a majority of the representatives until July 9, 1778. Mr. McKean was particularly active BIOGRAPHICAL AND GENEALOGICAL - 645 and useful in procuring the Declaration of Independence, July 4, 1776, for which he eloquently spoke and voted, and which he boldly signed after it had been engrossed on parchment. In the year 1776 Delaware was represented in Congress by Caesar Rodney, George Read, and Thomas McKean. Mr. Rodney was not present when the question of independence was put, in committee of the whole, on the 1st of July. Mr. McKean voted for and Mr. Read against (and both had been schoolmates at Dr. Alison's Chester County Academy at New London). Delaware was thus divided. When the president resumed the chair, the chairman of the committee of the whole made his report, which was not acted upon until Thursday, the 4th of July. Every State, excepting Pennsylvania and Delaware, had voted in favor of the measure, but it was a matter of great importance to procure a unanimous vote and voice. Mr. McKean, therefore, without delay dispatched an express, at his private expense, for Mr. Rodney, who was then at his home in Delaware. That gentleman hastened to Philadelphia, and was met at the door of the State-House, in his boots and spurs, by Mr. McKean, as the members were assembling on the morning of the 4th. After a friendly salutation, but without exchanging a word on the subject of independence, they entered the hall together and took their seats. They were among the latest in attendance ; the proceedings immediately commenced, and after a few minutes the great question was put. When the vote of Delaware was called, Mr. Rodney arose, and briefly expressing his conviction that the welfare of his country demanded the Declaration, voted with Mr. McKean, and secured the voice of Delaware. Two of the members of the Pennsylvania delegation, adverse to the measure, being absent, that State also united in the vote by a majority of one. By these means the Declaration of Independence became the unanimous act of the thirteen States. Mr. McKean being engaged in military services, was not present in Congress during several months next succeeding the 4th of July, 1776 ; and it was not until the month of October ensuing that he had an opportunity of affixing his signature to the Declaration, engrossed on parchment, as directed by a resolution of Congress subsequent to his necessary departure from Philadelphia. Mr. McKean was president of the Convention of Deputies from the committees of Pennsylvania, held at Carpenters' Hall, in Philadelphia, in June, 1776, who unanimously declared their willingness to concur in a vote of the Congress declaring the United States free and independent States. He was one of the committee, with Dr. Franklin and two other deputies, which drafted THOMAS McKEAN that Declaration ; on June 24th he signed it in behalf of the State of Pennsylvania, and on the succeeding day delivered it to Congress in the name of the convention. The regiment of Associators, of which he was colonel, had in the preceding month of May unanimously made a similar declaration. On July 5, 1776, he was chosen chairman, at a conference of the delegates in Congress, for. the States of New York, New Jersey, and Pennsylvania. In the same year he was also chairman of the Committee of Safety of Pennsylvania, and of inspection and observation for the " City and Liberties of Philadelphia." As colonel of the Philadelphia Regiment of Associators he marched at the head of his battalion to Perth Amboy, N. J., to support Gen. Washington, and was several months in military service, and participated in a number of skirmishes, no regular engagements having occurred while he was in the field. Finding that he had been elected a member of the con- 646 - HISTORY OF CHESTER COUNTY, PENNSYLVANIA. vention for forming a constitution for the State of Delaware, he in two days departed for Dover. Immediately on his arrival, after a fatiguing ride, a committee of gentlemen waited on him, and requested that he would prepare a constitution for the future government of the State. Retiring to his room at the tavern, he sat up all night, and having prepared it without a book, or any assistance whatever, presented it at ten o'clock the next morning to the House, when it was unanimously adopted. On July 28, 1777, he received froth the Supreme Executive Council the commission of chief justice of Pennsylvania, and performed the duties of that high station with distinguished zeal and fidelity for twenty-two years. At the time of his appointment he was Speaker of the Assembly, President of State of Delaware, and a member of Congress. While chief justice of the Keystone State, it became his duty to regulate the unruly intruders from Connecticut, at Wyoming. The following passage, in reference to those troublesome customers, occurs at page 280, in the curious and highly interesting " Annals of Luzerne County," recently compiled by Stewart Pearce : " In 1778, John Franklin, the indomitable Yankee leader, and his associates, who had captured Timothy Pickering, were arraigned before the Supreme Court, at Wilkesbarre, Judge McKean presiding. Franklin was released on bail, and the rest were tried for riot. The trials being closed, and sentence having been pronounced on a number of the offenders, the action of the court was denounced by the great body of the population. In particular, Mr. Johnson (their pastor) took occasion to condemn the whole proceedings from the pulpit. By order of Judge McKean he was brought before the court, and required to give bonds for his good behavior." On July 10, 1781, he was, on the resignation of Hon. Samuel Huntington, elected President of Congress. Owing, however, to the necessity of his attending the sessions of the Supreme Court of Pennsylvania (as its chief justice), he resigned the presidency, and on the 5th of November ensuing Hon. John Hanson was chosen as his successor. Proclaiming from the bench the law of justice and his country with eminent learning, ability, and integrity, neither fear nor power could bend him from the stern line of duty. Regardless of the powers of the crown of Great Britain, he did not hesitate to hazard his own life by causing to be punished, even unto death, those who were proved to be traitors to their country. But no popular excitement against individuals accused of offenses could in the slightest degree divert him from the discharge, firm and inflexible, of his public duty. Hence he issued the famous writ of habeas corpus in September, 1777, in behalf of the twenty persons confined in the Freemasons' Lodge, at Philadelphia, on treasonable charges. He industriously devoted himself to the discharge of the duties of chief justice until 1799, when he was elected Governor of the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania, and was re-elected in 1802, and again in 1805. In 1799, after a furious political contest between the supporters of McKean and James Ross, of Pittsburgh, Thomas McKean was elected Governor of Pennsylvania, to succeed Governor Mifflin, in which office he was continued until succeeded by Governor Snyder in 1808. When the result of the election in 1799 was ascertained, the partisans of McKean in Philadelphia held a town-meeting to congratulate him on the auspicious event. At that meeting Israel Israel, a distinguished politician of the time, presided; the language employed on the occasion was of the broadest Anglo-Saxon type, and unmistakably indicative of the feelings which then prevailed. The response of the Governor-elect will afford a correct idea of the temper of that period, and is highly characteristic of the man. It is here inserted as one of the political curiosities—a sort of palaeontological specimen—of a by-gone age : "An address from the Republican citizens of the city and county of Philadelphia, on my election to the chief magistracy of the State of Pennsylvania, affords me very sincere pleasure. I thank you most cordially for your favorable opinion and kind expressions of me, and trust you entertain a well-founded hope that under my administration our present happy system of government, raised on the authority of the people only, will, by the favor of God, be continued inviolate; and that neither foreign nor domestic enemies, neither intrigue, menace, nor seduction shall prevail against it. " The open arts and secret practices of its enemies have been completely excited and exhausted in the late election. Traitors, refugees, Tories, French aristocrats, British agents and British subjects, and their corrupt dependents, together with not a few apostate Whigs, all combined against your candidate; the most abominable lies were propagated, and nothing omitted that could arrest a vote; and what is strange but true, all the officers and expectants of office under the President of the United States, not only in Pennsylvania, but in the neighboring States, joined in the coalition, with very few exceptions. " Your tender and affectionate expressions of regard for my life and health are extremely kind and obliging; permit me devoutly to reciprocate them with you. "THOMAS M'KEAN. " PHILAD'A, Nov. 6, 1799." Mr. McKean was a member of the Convention of Pennsylvania which ratified the Constitution of the United States, and which met in Philadelphia, Nov. 20, 1787. The long and eloquent speech delivered by him on the succeeding 11th of December embraced a clear and comprehensive view of the whole subject, and had great weight in securing the ratification of the national organic instrument by his State. He was a member of the Convention that assembled in Philadelphia, Nov. 24, 1789, and formed the State constitution of 1790. On Sept. 26, 1781, the College of New Jersey conferred upon him the degree of LL.D., as did also Dartmouth College in the following year. On May 2, 1785,1e was elected a member of the Philadelphia Society for the Promotion of Agriculture, and on October 31st following received the diploma of the Society of Cincinnati, instituted by the offrcers of the Revolutionary army, at the period of its dissolution, to commemorate the great event which gave independence to North America. He was also a trustee of the University of Pennsylvania, and in 1790 one of the founders of the Hibernian Society for the relief of immigrants from Ireland, of which he was a long time president. He kept up until his death a correspondence with Presidents Jefferson and John Adams, and many other of the Revolutionary patriots. In person Mr. McKean was tall, erect, and well proportioned. His countenance displayed in a remarkable manner the firmness and intelligence for which he was distinguished. In July, 1762, he married Mary, eldest daughter of Joseph Borden, Esq., of Bordentown, N. J., who died in February, 1773, leaving two sons and four daughters, the youngest of whom was only two weeks old. On Sept. 3, 1774, he was again married, to Miss Sarah Armitage, of BIOGRAPHICAL AND GENEALOGICAL - 647 New Castle, Del., and of this union five children were the offspring. At length, loaded with honors, this venerable patriot and distinguished jurist arrived at the ?llama linea rerum, and departed to " the generation of his fathers" on June 24, 1817. His remains were interred in the burial-ground of the First Presbyterian Church, in Market Street, Philadelphia. McLENE, JAMES, the son of William McLene, was born in New London, Chester Co., Oct. 11, 1730; was educated at the classical school of Rev. Francis Alison, and as early as 1753 took up land in Antrim township, Cumberland (now Franklin) Co., locating there the year following. He was a member of the Constitutional Convention of 1776 to form a constitution for Pennsylvania. He was elected to the Assembly in 1776 and 1777 ; was a member of the Supreme Executive Council from Nov. 9, 1778, to Dec. 28, 1779, when he took his seat in the Continental Congress, serving during that and the year 1780. He was a member of the Council of Censors in 1783, and again of the Assembly from 1787 to 1789. He was also a member of the Constitutional Convention of 1789-90, and was a member of the House of Representatives, 1790-91 and 1793-94. He married, July 6, 1753, Christina Brown ; she died Oct. 23, 1818, in her ninety-first year. He died at his residence near Greencastle, March 13, 1806. McMILLAN, REV. JOHN, D.D., was born in Fagg's Manor, Chester Co., Pa., Nov. 11, 1752. His classical education was partially acquired at his native place, in the academy under the direction of Rev. John Blair, and finished in the school of Rev. Robert Smith, D.D., at Pequea, Lancaster Co. He graduated at Princeton in 1772, and was licensed by the Presbytery of New Castle, Oct. 26, 1774. Though his talents and learning would have commanded the most comfortable situation in the old settlements, yet he chose to forego all these, to traverse the Alleghany Mountains, and cast his lot with the settlers on the Monongahela and Youghiogeny, with all the privations, toils, sufferings, and perils attendant upon new and remote settlements, destitute of the comforts and conveniences of social life. He became pastor of the congregations of Chartiers and Pigeon Creek, in Washington Co., Pa., in 1776, although, on account of the Indian disturbances, he did not remove his family until November, 1778. The circumstances in which he was placed required him to " work with his own hands" in handling the axe and other implements of labor in a new country. He possessed vigorous bodily powers, and during his long life was never confined half a day by sickness. For many years after his settlement, he and his family were exposed to great privations and trials, and sometimes were compelled to seek safety in the fbrts from the Indians. Like the Tennants, Blair, Smith, and others, he erected a log building near to his dwelling, in which he educated a number of young men, some of whom became eminent ministers. Partly through his influence an academy was established at Canonsburg in 1792. This became the nucleus of Jefferson College, of which he was a leading founder and a steady and faithful friend. He received the degree of Doctor of Divinity from Jefferson College in 1807, and died Nov. 16, 1833, at the age of eighty-one years. His remains were interred in the Chartiers graveyard. He was a man of distinguished talents, an able and zealous divine, and a skillful instructor. Both he and Dr. Power lived to see the wilderness in which they settled highly cultivated and populous, and their pupils men of education, learning, and usefulness. McNEIL, REV. WILLIAM R.—Among the Scotch-Irish emigrants to America in the opening of the eighteenth century were the McNiels, a descendant of whom, Andrew McNiel, married Margery Young, of the same extraction and religious faith. He lived to be about ninety-one years of age, and was a member for near seventy years of Fagg's Manor Presbyterian Church. Their son William married Margaret Hopple, to whom were born eight sons and two daughters ; of these, the sixth son and child was William R., born in Upper Oxford township, March 5, 1837. He spent his boyhood days on the farm ; was educated in the public schools, and later attended the university at Lewisburg, and there, in the theological department, was graduated Aug. 1, 1861. He was ordained in Philadelphia pastor of the Baptist Church of Falls of Schuylkill, Sept. 10, 1861, where he remained one year. The three following years he had charge of the First Baptist Church of Williamsport, Pa. This was during the Rebellion, and he served three months as chaplain of the 37th Pennsylvania Regiment, in the raising of which he was most active. He was widely known as a stanch Union man, and his voice was frequently heard in behalf of his endangered land. For the next year he was district secretary of the American Baptist Missionary Union, with his residence in Philadelphia, and the year succeeding served as district secretary of the American Baptist Home Mission Society. He then accepted a call to the pastorship of Pearl Street Baptist Church, of Bridgeton, N. J., where he remained five years and nine months, his stay and his labors there being especially interesting to him and profitable to the church. He was appointed by the board of the Baptist American Missionary Union a missionary to Burmah, but owing to deaths in his wife's family and his own ill health he was forced to decline. Soon after, upon the invitation of Samuel A. Crozer, he took charge of a mission established by that gentleman in South Chester, Delaware Co., and during his four years' stay there the church was successfully organized. In 1875 he removed to Penn township, and for a year and a half preached for Berean Baptist Church of West Chester, after which he was called to the Beulah Church, in Russellville (where he was converted and with which he had united long years before), a church which was organized sixty years prior in his grandfather Jacob Hopple's house. He married, March 11, 1862, Sarah W., daughter of Joseph and Mary Lee, of Wilmington, Del., by whom he has had two children,—Andrew Gregg Tucker and Mary. He delivered the first alumni oration at the Crozer Theological Seminary,—an effort highly commended by those who heard it. His nineteen years in the ministry have been most successful in the cause of humanity and of his Maker. In 1871 he purchased some seventy-five acres of land near Penn Station, in Penn township, known as the 648 - HISTORY OF CHESTER COUNTY, PENNSYLVANIA. Woodside farm, which had been in that family nearly a century. He has ever been deeply interested in all affairs pertaining to the welfare of State, church, and society, and by his able voice and affable address has largely contributed to the advancement of their best interests. In Chester and Delaware Counties he has served on the school boards, and was often president of the same. MACKEY, JOHN, the son of Robert Mackey, a lieutenant in the provincial forces of 1747-8, was a native of Chester County and a representative farmer thereof. He was a member of the Constitutional Convention of July 15, 1776 ; of the Council of Safety from Oct. 17, 1777, to Dec. 4, 1777 ; of the Supreme Executive Council from Nov. 21, 1777, to Oct. 23, 1779 ; and in March, 1777, appointed a justice of the peace. He resided in the township of New London, southwest of the village of that name, on a tract of land held under a Maryland patent. He died in September, 1787, leaving a wife, Jane, and children,-David, Robert, John, Margaret, Rachel (married to William Sherd.), and Mary (married to a Mr. Alison). His youngest son, John, inherited the land, about 240 acres. MALIN, RANDAL, of Great Barrum, in the county of Chester, England, purchased 250 acres in Pennsylvania by deeds of March 6 and 7, 1681. Upon his arrival in this country he settled in Upper Providence. His wife, Elizabeth, died 7th mo., 1687, and in 1693 he married Mary Conway, widow of Thomas, and- daughter of Valentine Hollingsworth. In 1725 he was recommended as a minister, and in 1727 removed with his wife within the limits of Goshen Monthly Meeting. The time of his death is not ascertained. William Malin, doubtless a near relative, lived in Upper Providence, where he died 2, 18, 1696. He was married in 1686 to Mary Stephenson, and in 1692 to Ann Lax-ford, by whom he had a daughter, Ann, who is supposed to have married Thomas Williamson. The children of Randal Malin were as follows : 1. Isaac, b. 5th mo., 1681, m. in 1702, Elizabeth, daughter of David Jones, of Whiteland, where he settled. His wife died 7, 14, 1717, and he married a second time, in 1727, to Jane Pugh. 2. Jacob, b. 7, 7, 1686 ; d. 1727 ; m. in 1710, Susanna Jones, daughter of David. 3. Hannah, b. 12, 6, 1693-4 ; d. 3, 26, 1695. 4. Hannah, b. 1, 7, 1695-6 ; m. Daniel Williamson, Jr., about 1716. 5. Rachel, b. 5, 24, 1702 ; m. John Cain or Cane, 9, 7, 1722. 6. Katharine, m. 1721, to _____ Tate. A warrant was granted May 6, 1721, by Henry Pierce, Esq., directed to the constable of Chester, to arrest James Maurhead, on complaint of Randal Malin, for clandestinely marrying his daughter, contrary to law. The children of Isaac and Elizabeth Malin were David, b. 11, 3, 1703 ; Thomas, b. 10, 3, 1705, m. Sarah Collins ; Isaac, b. 1, 8, 1708, m. Lydia Booth ; Elizabeth, b. 12, 21, 1709, m. John Rhoads, 2, 15, 1731; Alice, b. 9, 29, 1711, m. Jesse Pugh, 2, 15, 1731 ; Randal, b. 4, 17, 1714, d. 1, 7, 1715 ; Randal, b. 1, 30, 1716, m. Alice Pratt, 3, 1, 1743. The children of Randal and Alice Malin were Mary, b. 2, 19, 1744, m. Joshua Evans about 1767 ; John, b. 3, 28, 1746, m. Sophia Dilworth ; Sarah, b. 2, 25, 1748, d. 11, 24, 1772 ; Randal, b. 8, 23, 1750, m. Jane Hoopes ; Susanna, b. 12, 14, 1751, d. 6, 30, 1804, married David Havard, of Tredyffrin ; Joseph, b. 6, 21, 1753, m. Lydia Ashbridge and Rachel Valentine ; Jane, b. 3d mo., 1755, d. 8, 15, 1769. FRANKLIN MARCH. The March family is of German origin, although there are English and Irish families of the same name. Frederick March, who settled in Frederick township, Montgomery Co., Pa., is supposed to have been the first of the name in this State. He had several sons. One of them, Frederick, Jr., emigrated to Chester County, and resided at the time of his death in East Vincent township. Michael March, the father of the subject of this sketch, was born July 24, 1803. He was married to Susanna, daughter of Henry Chrisman, also of East Vincent township. Franklin March was born July 14, 1836, in the house now occupied by Gilbert Brower, near his present residence in Lawrenceville, East Coventry township, Chester Co. He lived and worked on his father's farm until about sixteen years old, receiving the usual education afforded by the public schools, when he was sent to Washington Hall Boarding-School, Trappe, Montgomery Co., Pa., for one session. He was then sent to learn the printing business in the office of The Montgomery Ledger, Pottstown. After leaving there he attended several sessions of school at Freeland (now Ursinus College) and at Millersville Normal School, this State. He then began the study of law at the National Law School, Poughkeepsie, N. Y. He finished his studies in the office of Hon. A. B. Longaker, Norristown, where, on Aug. 31, 1861, he was admitted to the bar. In the spring of 1862 he was elected the first Republican burgess of Norristown, over the Hon. G. W. Royer, a popular Democratic lawyer of that borough. In 1866, having become interested in the rron business at Limerick Station, Reading Railroad, he moved to Lawrenceville, Chester Co., where he now resides. Ex-Governor John F. Hartranft read law in Judge Longaker's office at the same time (although a much older man). Mr. March took great interest in his election, and made earnest speeches in his behalf when running for Governor. Mr. March is a staunch Republican, and is a fluent and popular stump-speaker. He has a large law practice at the Montgomery County bar, and is a good lawyer. He is a gentleman of studious habits, inflexible integrity, and is highly esteemed for his pure record and ability. RESIDENCE OF FRANKLIN MARCH, EAST COVENTRY. CHARLES C. MOORE. Of the family of nine sons of Robert and Rachel (Smedley) Moore, the second, Charles Carroll Moore, was born July 13, 1823. He was raised on a farm, and went to the public schools, and later attended for two sessions the noted academy at Unionville, of which that distinguished educator, Jonathan Gause, was principal. He was married Dec. 3, 1846, to Elizabeth B., daughter of Jonathan Wells and Eliza (Boyer) Hoffman, descendants of the Hoffman, Boyer, and Riter families, very early settlers in West Whiteland township, one of whom (Hoffman) donated the land upon which the Grove Methodist Episcopal church was erected. The Boyers settled at Oakland, and the Riters in Uwchlan. He began farming in 1847 on the farm he now owns of one hundred and six acres, and which be purchased on borrowed capital and paid for, as his debt became due, entirely from the proceeds of the farm, thus demonstrating that farming does pay if carried on systematically and with the necessary will-power and energy. He has made many valuable improvements to his buildings and orchards. Is a general farmer, with special attention paid to dairying. Of his seven children, three are deceased, —Anna Mary, Charles Henry, and J. Howard,—and the other four are Jonathan Wells, Thomas Elwood, Susan Hoffman, and Clinton Riter. Robert Moore in early life was a cabinet-maker and subsequently a farmer, and his wife, Rachel Smedley, came of a family contemporary with the settlement of the county, and whose descendants are very numerous in its borders. The subject of this sketch has ever taken great interest in the common schools, and served many years as a school director to the acceptance of the public and greatly to the advantage of educational interests. He is superintendent of the Friends' First-Day School. Is a Democrat, and has always been largely identified with the politics of the county. He is master of Grange Lodge, No. 53, Patrons of Husbandry, in Upper Uwchlan township, in the western part of which his farm is situated, with his post-office at Milford Mills. His home is most pleasantly located in a beautiful region of country, where, with his respected family, bountiful hospitality is dispensed, and where, the architect of his own fortune, he resides with ease and comfort. " PROSPECT FARM." RESIDENCE OF CHARLES C. MOORE, UPPER UWCHLAN. HENRY MOORE, Andrew Moore came from the north of Ireland in 1723, and settled in Sadsbury township. His son John was born Dec. 3, 1742, and died June 28, 1821. John's son, William, was born Sept. 20, 1770, and Sept. 4, 1800, married Rachel Pyle. He died June 15, 1836, and Rachel, April 15, 1853. Their son, Henry Moore, was born Oct. 31, 1814, and was married Aug. 27, 1841, to Sarah Cummings, of Lancaster County, by whom he had one child, Lavinia P., married to Charles Huffman, of Ohio. She is now deceased, leaving two children,—Harry and Tillie. Sarah (Cummings) Moore died Jan. 14, 1844. Henry Moore was the second time married, Oct. 21, 1846, to Mary A. Tillum, of West Chester, by whom he has had seven children,—Harry Augustus, deceased, and the following living : Fannie T., married to Alfred Clark, of Lancaster County ; Rachel P., married to Leonard Thomas, of West Chester ; William J., married to Mary J. Reed, of Philadelphia ; Frank H., married to Mary J. McConaughey, of Philadelphia ; Mary Etta ; and Annie Pierce. Mr. Moore spent his boyhood on a farm, and received the usual educational advantages afforded by the country schools. He has a fine farm of one hundred acres, besides other properties in this county and Philadelphia. Has served as school director, and has been treasurer of the township since the creation of the office. He belongs to the Society of Friends and attends the " Old Sadsbury meetinghouse." The old deeds and plat show his homestead farm to have been in the Moore family since about 1736, and there has never been a vendue or a mortgage upon it, nor a judgment against it. His house was built in 1800, and on the farm are the ruins of an old mill erected nearly two hundred years ago. He is a practical farmer, and raises some tobacco. His post-office is At-glen, on the Pennsylvania Railway. His brother Samuel, who died in New London township about a year ago, left an estate of nearly two hundred thousand dollars, including some eight fine farms. The Moore family were Irish Friends, and their descendants in this and neighboring counties are quite numerous and well known for their thrift and intelligence. RES of HENRY MOORE SALISBURY TP CHESTER CO, PA. WILLIAM MOORE. William Moore, of East Brandywine township, has in his possession a deed from Patrick Lockhart to his maternal grandfather, Andrew Elliott, for one hundred and seven acres, dated June 25, 1741, and the land thus conveyed is now a part of his real estate. He was born June 28, 1802, on the farm on which he now resides, and was the son of William Moore, who served seven campaigns in the Revolutionary war, and was afterwards in the celebrated " Whisky Rebellion" in this State, and who drew a pension for his services to his country in Continental times. The subject of this sketch received the ordinary education afforded country boys in his youth. He began driving cattle when about seventeen years of age, and continued that business some fifty years in thirteen different States. He was engaged in driving, buying, and selling cattle in the fall and horses in the spring. Some eight years ago he retired from the cattle trade, in which no man in the county had ever been more largely engaged. He was married in January, 1829, to Lydia Michener, by which marriage eight children were born : David Moore, Presbyterian clergyman, at McVeytown, Mifflin Co. ; William Penrose ; Martha, married to Andrew E. Moore, of Lancaster County ; Letitia ; Anna, married to Rev. John McColl, pastor of Brandywine congregation ; and three deceased. Lydia, his wife, died Feb. 10, 1876. He is a member of the Presbyterian Church, and a liberal contributor to its support. He is a Republican in politics, but has never been an aspirant for office. The family is of English descent, and his mother's father, Andrew Elliott, over a hundred years ago kept store on his farm, which is said to have been the only one within a distance of fifteen miles. JOHN MALIN, SR. Isaac, son of Randall and Elizabeth Malin, from England, married Elizabeth Jones, daughter of David Jones, of Whiteland. The well-known Malin farm is out of the one thousand acres that William Penn, on Sept. 25 and 26,1681, granted to William Jenkins, who, in 1685, conveyed out of it two hundred and fifty acres to James Thomas. In 1699 the said Thomas willed to his son, Nathan Thomas, two hundred acres in " Duffryn Mawr" (or " Great Valley"), and to his brother-in-law, David Jones, the other fifty acres, " provided he or any of his children will come to this country." Randall, son of Isaac Malin, married Alice Pratt, and their son, Randall Malin, married Jane Hoopes, to whom was born only one child,. John Malin. He married Sarah, daughter of James Parrock, of Philadelphia, from which union were born three children : Randall ; John ; and Caroline M., married to James L. Stephenson, and who resides on the old homestead. He was a farmer and a man well educated in the English branches. He belonged to the Society of Friends, and attended the East Whiteland Meeting, at the house built on the land (and part of the old homestead) given by his grandfather to the society. He served several years as a county commissioner. He was quite active in politics, having been a Federalist and Whig. He died Feb. 22, 1854, in the seventy-fourth year of his age. He was a man of an enlarged and liberal mind, of generous and humane feelings. He was ever foremost in promoting measures for the public good, and ready at all times to give bountifully to objects of love and mercy. His amiable disposition secured him the universal esteem of his neighborhood and of all who knew him. As a husband, father, neighbor, and public officer, he left behind him a reputation which is a rich heritage to his descendants. BIOGRAPHICAL AND GENEALOGICAL - 649 MARIS.-George and Alice Maris, of Worcestershire, England, had the following children : Alice, b. 8, 17, 1660 ; George, b. 10, 2, 1662 ; Elizabeth, b. 2, 3, 1665 ; Anna, b. 6, 18, 1667 ; John, b. 3, 21, 1669. In the account of persecutions of Quakers in Worcestershire, 1670, we find the following : "At Grafton-Flyford some soldiers of the Band called the Clergy-Band Came to a Meeting at the House of George Maris, and informed against several persons there, against whom a Warrant was issued by John Packington, of Westwood, and Samuel Sands, of Ambersley, Justices, by which were taken the several Quantities of Goods following, viz.: From Francis Pincher, all his Goods for a Fine of £20. From George Maris, Goods worth £20. And from William Sale and John Tombs, to the value of £1 14s. " The said George Maris's Fine was for the Meeting being at his House. 11e was afterward taken by an Assize Process, and sent to Prison on the 23d of the Month called July, 1670, and continued there above eight Months, but never knew for what Cause he was so long imprisoned." George Maris brought a certificate dated 3d mo. 6, 1683, from a meeting " att Hadswell In ye Wish of Inkborough and county of Worcester," which he presented to Darby Monthly Meeting, and which says that his " Life and Conversation . . . hath Adorned the Gospel of Christ, And bath bene A Good Exampel In his place, And a man, ye bent of whose heart hath beene to serve ye Lord, And all people In Love ; And hath not spared to spend and to be spent for ye service of Truth : And this wee can say, wee doe not know of Any person, either ffriend or others That bath aught against him, his wife or children, upon any Just Account whatsoever." Robert Toomer, of the city of Worcester, having purchased 1000 acres of land from William Penn, conveyed it by deed of May 14, 1683, to George Maris, of Grafton Flyford, shoemaker, the land being unlocated. Soon after his arrival he took up 400 acres in Springfield, which he called " Home House," and settled thereon. This was surveyed Oct. 16, 1683, adjoining Darby township, and in the following year he took up 580 acres in Edgmont, as part of the 1000 acres. In 1684 he was commissioned a justice of the peace and of the courts ; was a member of the Provincial Council, 1695 ; member of Assembly for several years, and an active and influential member of Springfield Meeting. His wife, Alice, d. 1, 11, 1699, and he 11, 15, 1705, aged about seventy-three. Of their children, Alice m. Jacob Simcock, of Ridley, 11, 15, 1684 ; George m. Jane, daughter of Henry Maddock, 1690 ; Elizabeth m. John Mendenhall, of Concord, 1685 ; Ann m. John Worrilow, of Edgmont, 8, 14, 1690 ; John m. Susanna Lewis, of Haverford, 9, 21, 1693 ; and Richard m. Elizabeth Hayes, daughter of Jonathan and Ann, of Marple. The descendants of these are very numerous. George Maris, eldest son of John and Susanna, of Springfield, m. Sarah Levis, 3, 19, 1720 ; second, Hannah Massey, of Marple, 1725 ; third, Mary Buzby, widow, 7, 24, 1730 ; fourth, Ann Lownes, of Springfield, Sept. 14, 1732. Children,-Alice, Jesse, Susanna, Caleb, Ann, Richard, and perhaps others. Caleb Maris, son of George, of Springfield, married at Newtown Meeting, 11, 3, 1768, Ann Fawkes, daughter of Richard, of Newtown, and settled in Willistown. He died 10, 26, 1839, at the age of ninety-five. The children of Caleb and Ann were Rebecca, b. 8, 28, - 82 - 1769, m. Roger Dicks, a minister ; Susanna, b. 7, 22, 1771, m. John Hall, of Willistown ; Mary, b. 1, 28, 1774 ; George, b. 8, 25, 1775, d. 5, 10, 1871 ; Ann, b. 5, 26, 1777, d. 10, 22, 1819 ; Hannah, b. 10, 31, 1783, d. 1, 25, 1822 ; Phebe, b. 12, 22, 1785 ; Caleb, b. 2, 25, 1788 ; Richard, b. 1, 20, 1790, m. Ann Rogers ; Jonathan, b. 9, 12, 1791, m. Mary Garrett. George Maris, son of Caleb, married 5, 20, 1802, at Uwchlan, Elizabeth Jones, of Willistown, daughter of Elisha and Gwen Jones, deceased. They settled in West Pikeland, and had four children,-Norris, Rebecca, Caleb J., and John H. The mother died 7, 20, 1811. Norris married Ann Davis, and John H. married Mary Davis, daughters of William and Mary (Spackman) Davis, of Brandywine. George Lewis Maris, born 4, 16, 1842, son of Norris and Ann, is principal of the West Chester State Normal School. MARSH, REV. WILLIAM H. H., was born in West Nantmeal (now Wallace) township, Chester Co., in July, 1836. His mother was a daughter of Henry Buckwalter, of that township. Mr. Marsh is a clergyman of the Baptist Church, and is now (1881) pastor of the Remsen Avenue Baptist Church, of New Brunswick, N. J. He is quite noted as a writer, and has written articles for the Bibliotheca Sacra, Andover, Mass. ; Baptist Quarterly, Philadelphia ; has written and translated from the French for the Baptist Review, of Cincinnati, Ohio ; contributed to the Sunday-School Times, of Philadelphia ; and writes for the National Baptist, of Philadelphia ; the Examiner and Chronicle, of New York ; and the Journal and Messenger, of Cincinnati. He is also the author of " The Modern Sunday-School," published by the American Baptist Publication Society, and has a work now in the hands of the publication committee of that society on the " Two Theories of the Visible Church." These works would have been included in the article on the bibliography of the county, but a knowledge of them was not received in time. MARSHALL, ABRAHAM, was born (1669) at Gratton, in Derbyshire, England, of parents belonging to the Episcopal Church, but when about sixteen years of age he became a member of the Society of Friends, in which he was afterwards a highly-esteemed minister. About 1700 he came to Darby, Pa., where he married, 1st month (March, old style) 17, 1702-3, Mary, daughter of James Hunt, of Kingsessing, who came from Kent, in England. Soon after this they settled on the Brandywine, in what is now West Bradford township, Chester Co., Pa., where he purchased large tracts of land, and where he died 12th month 17, 1767, and she on the 4th of the 3d month, 1769. The second generation of this family is represented by the following genealogy of the children of Abraham and Mary (Hunt) Marshall : 1. SAMUEL, b. 11th mo. 27, 1704; m. Sarah Ashmead. 2. ELIZABETH, b. 10th mo. 2, 1705; m. 3d mo. 24, 1733, William, son of Richard Woodward, of Bradford. 3. JOHN, b. 9th mo. 7, 1707; d. 8th mo. 1750; m. 10th mo. 5, 1733, Hannah, daughter of Vincent and Betty (Peirce) Caldwell. 4. ABRAHAM, b. 1st mo. 4, 1713; d. 1750; m. 3d mo. 29, 1740, Rachel, daughter of George and Elizabeth Carter, of East Bradford. 5. HANNAH, b. 9th mo. 7, 1715; m. 3d mo. 23, 1734, Joseph, son of James and Ann (Peirce) Gibbons, of Westtown.