300 - SPRINGFIELD AND CLARK COUNTY ated with the Knights of Columbus, and is a member of the Springfield Chamber of Commerce. He has achieved marked success in connection with his various business alliances, is a director of the American Trust & Savings Bank, is treasurer of the Kissell Improvement Company, and a director of the Edward Wren Company, which conducts one of the leading mercantile establishments of the city. On the 12th of October, 1894, was solemnized the marriage of Mr. O'Brien and Miss Margaret Quinn, a daughter of Martin and Margaret Quinn, of Springfield. The two children of this union are Paul and Marguerite. Paul O'Brien graduated from Wittenberg College. He is now engaged in the successful practice of law in the City of Cincinnati and is associated with ex-Governor Harmon. DAVID KING. In the year 1841 the father of Colonel David King came to Springfield from Tarlton, Pickaway County, Ohio, and the future industrial city gained in the next generation of the family a man who was destined to play a large and important part in its civic and material development and advancement. The father, who likewise bore the personal name of David, was a representative of one of the sterling pioneer families of the Buckeye State, and was a man of superior mentality and business ability. Upon coming to Springfield, which was then a mere village, he here engaged in the mercantile business and later invested in real estate. He was a firm believer in the future growth and importance of Springfield, and one of the properties which he here accumulated was at the corner of Limestone and Main Streets, where the AI. & M. Building now stands, his holding extending on Main Street to the present Boston Store. He and his wife were leading members of the First Presbyterian Church. The maiden name of Mrs. King was Almena Caldwell. They became the parents of nine children, of whom six attained to maturity, namely : Robert Q., Mary E. K. (Mrs. Luther A. Gotwald), David, Sarah J., S. Noble and Minnie. Mr. King died in the year 1849, honored by all who knew him, and his widow survived him several years. Two of the sons, David and S. Noble, were gallant soldiers of the Union in the Civil war. S. Noble King became a captain in an Illinois regiment, and in most of his service was stationed at Island No. 10, in the Mississippi River. Colonel David King, the immediate subject of this review, was born at Tarlton, Pickaway County, Ohio, September 11, 1839, and thus was a mere infant at the time of the family removal to Springfield, where he was reared to manhood and where he has continuously maintained his home. He was one of the first students in Wittenberg College, at the time when its sessions were held in the Lutheran Church at Springfield, and he is today undoubtedly the oldest surviving graduate of this institution. He was clerk in a local mercantile establishment when the Civil war began and had already gained considerable tactical training as a member of a local militia company. Upon President Lincoln's first call for volunteers he enlisted with his company, being enrolled April 14, 1861, and mustered in on the 17th of that month. He was made first lieutenant of his company, later promoted to captain, and took part in the first battle of Bull Run, and when the ninety days' term of enlistment had expired the members of the company unanimously voted to continue SPRINGFIELD AND CLARK COUNTY - 301 in service an additional ten days, and later virtually all of the members re-enlisted. It is a matter of record that sixty-five percent of the members of the company became officers after this re-enlistment. In 1862, as major, Mr. King assisted in raising the Ninety-fourth Ohio Volunteer Infantry, with which he went to the front. With this command he took part in the battles of Perrysville and Stones River, as well as numerous minor engagements. In 1863 he received his honorable discharge, his health being so impaired that his death was thought to be imminent. He was retired with the rank of lieutenant colonel. After recuperating his physical energies Colonel King became connected with the Clifton Paper Mills, and he continued his alliance with paper manufacturing for a period of several years. He then organized the present Springfield Paper & Merchandise Company, with which he still continues his connection, with prestige as probably the oldest active paper merchant in Ohio. He is president of the company and has been the directing force in the upbuilding of its large and prosperous business. Colonel King is a stalwart republican, is affiliated with the Grand Army of the Republic and the Military Order of the Loyal Legion, and he is among the oldest and most honored members of the Covenant Presbyterian Church of Springfield. In 1864 Colonel King married Miss Mary M. Danforth, and they have two children, Noble C. and Mary, the latter being Mrs. George H. Brain. CLARENCE J. FOSTER is vice president and has had an active part in the development of the business and industry of the Buffalo-Springfield Roller Company, one of the larger of the concerns whose manufactured output, distributed practically in all civilized countries, makes the name Springfield famous in commerce and industry. Three generations of the Foster family have been residents of Springfield and have contributed to its growth and prosperity. The grandfather of Clarence J. Foster was William Foster, who was born in Yorkshire, England, June 20, 1805. As a young man he learned metal working in various lines. In 1837, at the age of thirty-two, he came to the United States and immediately established his home at Springfield, Ohio, where he opened a blacksmith shop at what is now Foster and Main Streets, the former street named in his honor. He was an expert mechanic and gradually secured competent men under him and developed a considerable industry to meet the needs of the time. His shop was on the National Road and he shod stage horses and re-tired the wheels of the stage coaches and other wagons that crossed over that thoroughfare. In later years William Foster bought a farm near Springfield and was engaged in its duties. William Foster married Sarah Gedlin, who was born August 5, 1812. Her parents came from England to the United States in 1831, and in that year established their home at Springfield, Ohio. William Foster and Sarah Gedlin were married September 5, 1835. Their four children were : Catherine A., Sarah J., Joseph W. and Mary E. Sarah Foster died June 11, 1872, and William Foster on July 10, 1876. He was one of the honorable, upright men of his day, and in a quiet way he did his part in laying the foundations of a greater Springfield. He was a member of the High Street Methodist Episcopal Church, and at one time held the office of township trustee. 302 - SPRINGFIELD AND CLARK COUNTY Joseph W. Foster, only son of his parents, was born on the home farm January 16, 1845, and he spent his active life on that farm, now within the present limits of the City of Springfield. As he grew to manhood he adopted farming as his regular vocation, and he proved himself a man of steady mold and great intrinsic worth. He worshiped as a member of the same church as his father, and showed the same sense of civic duty. Joseph W. Foster, who died in 1902, married, October 10, 1871, Josephine M. Smith, daughter of Lewis C. and Anna (Hurd) Smith. They were the parents of one daughter, Anna C., and two sons, William L. and Clarence J. Clarence J. Foster was born in the same house as his father, on December 19, 1876. He was educated in the local public schools, in Wittenberg College and in a business college. For two. years he was a clerk with the Ansted & Burk Company, millers, and then became an employe of the 0. S. Kelly Company. When that business was reorganized and a new corporation formed, known as the Kelly-Springfield Road Roller Company, Mr. Foster remained with the new company, and also with its successor, the Buffalo-Springfield Roller Company, of which he is vice president. The Buffalo-Springfield Roller Company was started as a department of the 0. S. Kelly Company about 1888. It developed into a big business, justifying separate organizations, and after about twelve years the Kelly interests were withdrawn and the reorganization was named Kelly-Springfield Road Roller Company. At that time the plant was moved to its present location on Kenton Street. C. M. Greiner and J. B. Cartmell were the principal owners at that time, Mr. Cartmell being president and C. J. Foster secretary. In 1912 Mr. Cartmell disposed of his holdings and since then C. M. Greiner has been president, C. J. Foster and C. F. Greiner vice presidents, and E. E. Greiner treasurer. This company manufactures a special line of road making and working machinery and road rollers, and during the World war the corporation furnished rollers for road construction work in France and also for cantonments, aviation fields, forts, arsenals and other duty at home. It is properly spoken of as one of the most important of the manufacturing enterprises of Springfield. Clarence J. Foster, like his father and grandfather, is a member of the High Street Methodist Episcopal Church, and is affiliated with the Alpha Tau Omega college fraternities, and the Lagonda and Country Clubs. In 1903 he married Miss Katherine Speed. They have two sons, Joseph W. and Philip S. THE BUCKEYE INCUBATOR COMPANY. With the largest output and sale of its products of any industry of its kind in the world, the Buckeye Incubator Company is a distinctive business of Springfield, and its history involves the personal careers of several prominent men of that city. One of the pioneers in the manufacture of the modern incubator was Mr. Frank Saumenig, who in 1888 designed and manufactured the original type of the Buckeye Incubator. He discovered and incorporated into his first machine the important relationship between temperature, ventilation and moisture in connection with artificial incubation. SPRINGFIELD AND CLARK COUNTY - 303 His early incubators proved their extraordinary efficiency in the hands of the local poultrymen who were fortunate enough to secure the limited number the manufacturer and inventor could afford to build. The enterprise attracted the attention of Mr. James Homan, also of Springfield, and in 1891 he became associated with Mr. Saumenig, placed considerable capital at the disposal of the business, and a factory was built on Innisfallen Avenue, near Rebert Pike. A satisfactory market was found for the incubators on a larger scale. When the Buckeyes were exhibited at the World's Fair at Chicago in 1893 they carried off the highest honors in competition with a large number of other machines. However, during the latter part of 1893 serious differences of opinion developed between the two partners, ending with Mr. Saumenig dropping out of the business, and he began taking up the manufacture of incubators on his own account. Limited means brought his enterprise to financial failure, and his business was purchased at public sale by Mr. Homan in 1895. Mr. Homan continued to be associated with the business from 1894 until 1906. Under his administration the company was on a mail order basis. The incubators proved their merit, but Mr. Homan was not disposed to expand the business. In 1906 George Cugley of Philadelphia secured an active share in the company, and it was decided to discontinue the mail order business and market the product through established dealer agents. This brought a rapid expansion, and inside of a year a new factory was secured, located on Euclid Avenue at the Pennsylvania Railroad crossing. In this new location the growth of the enterprise proved too rapid for Mr. Homan, who was advancing in years, and he decided to sell his interest rather than to supply additional capital. In 1911, therefore, he sold his stock to Mr. George Cugley, who became president and general manager of the company. Mr. Cugley immediately redesigned all the company's products, with a view of standardizing all the mechanical parts. His improvements met with the immediate favor of the trade and resulted in rapid sales expansion between 1911 and 1917. At that time Mr. Arthur R. Hill was in charge in the capacity of sales manager, and the volume of sales increased from $75,000.00 in 1911 to $675,000.00 in 1917, and in 1921 the sales had reached $1,500,000.00. In the meantime new financial associates had been secured for the company in the person of Mr. J. S. Crowell, Mr. Arthur R. Worthington and Mr. H. S. MacKinnon. For three years Mr. Worthington and Mr. MacKinnon were respectively vice-president and secretary. The great increase in sales had made it necessary to increase the plant and the credit facilities of the organization to such an extent that when the war came on, with its attendant ill effects upon the poultry industry in general, the company was obliged to apply for a receiver in May, 1918. Mr. Joseph B. Cartmell was appointed receiver, but owing to the heavy demands made upon him he found it necessary within a few months to secure assistance, and Mr. J. B. Clingerman was appointed co-receiver. These receivers handled the affairs of the company in such a satisfactory way that the receivership was discharged in June, 1920, the creditors receiving payment in full for their obligations, with six per cent interest. 304 - SPRINGFIELD AND CLARK COUNTY In the meantime Crowell, Worthington and MacKinnon had disposed of their holdings to Mr. J. B. Cartmell, Hill and Robert Cartmell, and upon the reorganization of the business Air. J. B. Cartmell was elected president, with George Cugley, vice president, Robert Cartmel, secretary, and Arthur R. Hill, treasurer and general manager. Under Mr. Cartmell's guidance the affairs of the company have continued to expand, so that now the Buckeye Incubator Company is the largest manufacturer of incubators and brooders in the world. The company's sales are greater than those of the three largest competitors combined. This leadership is largely due to the fact that the Buckeye Company has always kept in advance of its competitors by building the most perfect types of incubating and brooding machines. The coal burning brooder has been a large factor in the advancement of business. The company is now making rapid progress in the building of mammoth incubators, used by commercial hatcheries who make a business of hatching and selling baby chicks. These mammoth incubators range in size from 2,440 eggs to 10,368 eggs, and are built under a patent acquired from Mr. S. B. Smith of Cleveland, Ohio. The company recently opened a European office at Herblay, France, through which connections are being established in all European countries. The company is now represented in nearly every country where chickens are raised to any extent, and the incubators and brooders bearing the Buckeye name have an international distribution and use. HENRY EDGERTON FREEMAN. In the aggregate of individuals that make up the best citizenship of a community there will frequently be found those whose names and personalities are more familiar to the public than others, because of honorable achievement along one or more lines of effort They are almost without exception men of individual modesty, whose prominence has been brought about through rare competency and the confidence and appreciation of those who put a true value on trustworthiness in the small as well as the great things of life. Perhaps no business citizen of Springfield is held in higher esteem than Henry Edgerton Freeman, who for years has been closely identified with finance and banking interests in this city and elsewhere. Henry Edgerton Freeman was born at Cuyahoga Falls, Ohio, March 17, 1878, and is a son of L. R. and Elizabeth (Reed) Freeman. He graduated from the Cuyahoga Falls High School in 1894, and from Adelbert College, Western Reserve University, in 1898. Almost immediately he turned his attention to business, his preference being shown by his acceptance of the position of cashier in the Garfield Savings Bank, at Glenville, Ohio, where he continued from 1899 until 1903, and from that time onward has filled responsible positions with representative financial institutions of the state. From 1903 until 1906 Mr. Freeman was associated with the Garfield Savings Bank of Cleveland as assistant secretary and treasurer ; was secretary and treasurer of the American Trust and Savings Bank of Springfield from 1907 to 1916, since which time he has been vice president and director ; is treasurer of the Robbins & Myers Company and of the Edward Wren Company, of Springfield, and is a director in the First National Bank, the Morris Plan Bank and the Springfield Light, Heat & Power Company. His name is a recognized SPRINGFIELD AND CLARK COUNTY - 305 asset to business corporations for it has become a synonym for business foresight and sound judgment and for unimpeachable business integrity. Mr. Freeman married January 12, 1909, at Crestline, Ohio, Miss Bertha S. Bebst. He is a member of the Congregational Church, and resides at 1575 East High Street, Springfield. In political life Mr. Freeman has always been affiliated with the republican party, never being unduly active but always endeavoring to live up to his standard of good citizenship. Since coming to Springfield he has not only been identified with important business affairs, but he has been interested and helpful along constructive lines relating to the general welfare. He is a member of the Chamber of Commerce, the Rotary, Country and Lagonda clubs, being president of the latter in 1921, and is a Royal Arch Mason. DONALD KIRKPATRICK. A prominent member of the Springfield bar and a popular and capable public official is found in Donald Kirkpatrick, who is serving as prosecuting attorney of Clark County. He is a worthy representative of old and substantial pioneer families of the state. Mr. Kirkpatrick was born at Oakland, California, December 29, 1884, and is a son of James H. and Mary ( Johnston) Kirkpatrick. His great-grandfather, Peter Kirkpatrick, after honorable service in the Revolutionary war came to Ohio and in 1808 settled in what was then the wilderness of the north end of Licking County, his only neighbors at that time being Indians, who often were unfriendly. He was a courageous, resourceful man, however, and after again serving as a soldier, in the War of 1812, returned to his home in Licking County and became a man of local prominence. On his pioneer farm he reared a large family and was suceeeded by his son, James M. Kirkpatrick, who, in the course of nature, was succeeded by his son, James H. Kirkpatrick. The latter, like his father, became an extensive farmer and grower of Merino sheep, and at one time did a large business in exporting sheep to Utah, his main customer being Brigham Young. On the maternal side of the family Mr. Kirkpatrick is also of Revolutionary stock, and the Johnstons were among the earliest settlers in Logan County, where they acquired land and were representative people. Donald Kirkpatrick from the age of seven years was reared on the old Kirkpatrick homestead in Licking County. He was educated in the public schools of Utica and the Ohio State University, from which institution he was graduated with his degree of B. A. in 1910. Two years later, with his LL. B. degree, he was admitted to the bar, and began the practice of his profession at Springfield in September, 1912. He has met with a large measure of success, and in electing him to the responsible office of prosecuting attorney of Clark County his fellow citizens have demonstrated their esteem and confidence. He takes a deep interest in civic affairs and is a valued member of the Chamber of Commerce. Mr. Kirkpatrick married in 1916 Miss Bertha Adams, of Columbus, Ohio, and they have two children : Donald, Jr., and Mary Phyllis. CHARLES HENRY PIERCE. While monuments of marble and stone may serve to emphasize a man's importance during life and perpetuate his memory after death, there can be no more lasting memorial than that Vol. II-20 306 - SPRINGFIELD AND CLARK COUNTY to be found in the sincere gratitude and affection that he may have inspired through unselfishly working for the benefit of others. This is the test of true worth. In the passing away of Charles Henry Pierce on March 28, 1918, Springfield lost a citizen of inestimable value, one who had been prominently identified with its business affairs and its civic progress for years. Less conspicuously, he was deeply concerned in the welfare of his fellow men, although his philanthropy was unostentatious. It came from a sense of personal responsibility, and, pursued with kindly motive, resulted in untold benefit to those who will ever revere his memory. Mr. Pierce was born at Chelmsford, Massachusetts, April 13, 1840, a son of Stephen Pierce. Mr. Pierce had but indifferent educational opportunities, as he was left an orphan when but nine years old and his home was with strangers. It was in 1856, when sixteen years old, that the youth came to Springfield and embarked in the newspaper business. At that time the town was proud of its train service of three times a week, and young Pierce began to deliver Cincinnati newspapers and later was able to secure the agency for the same, being the real pioneer in this line here, although for a time it was no easy matter to secure enough patrons to make the venture very profitable. In the meanwhile the Civil war came on, and he served as a soldier for a short time and then returned to his newspaper business in Springfield, and many of the older residents can remember his stand on the postoffice corner, where he also acted as stamp clerk. He possessed the right idea of salesmanship and prospered where others might have failed. In 1876 Mr. Pierce established himself in the retail book, stationery and wall papr business at 11 South Fountain Avenue, in the ownership and management of which his son has succeeded him. He arose to an important place in the affairs of Springfield. In 1892 he retired from active participation of his book store, all the later years of his life being connected with banking. At one time he was a director of the Springfield Savings Bank, but resigned from this directorate in order to accept a similar position in the Lagonda National Bank, of which he subsequently became vice president. He took an active part in the organization of the Springfield Building & Loan Association, having much to do with establishing it on a firm foundation, was its second president and served many years in that capacity. His successor is Dr. B. F. Prince. Mr. Pierce's marriage with Miss Maria T. French, a family was born, and three children reached maturity : Bertha F., who is the wife of Frank E. Sawyer ; Walter C., who married Carolena Henking. and they have one son, Engene ; and Roscoe, who married Dora J. Griffith, and they have two children, Ilva and Maynard F. While Mr. Pierce was an alert and vigorous citizen and served effectively on the old City Council, he was in no sense a politician. Although not a member of the denomination, he was a regular attendant of the First Congregational Church, in which he held official positions, including that of church treasurer for thirty years or more. He was extremely charitable but had practical ideas and in his generous helpfulness endeavored to make his beneficence valuable to the recipient. He early became impressed with the conviction that the ownership of a home of SPRINGFIELD AND CLARK COUNTY - 307 his own was the greatest security a poor man could have for the future, and it will never be known how many times he supplemented advice on this subject with the financial assistance that made possible the poor man's dream. That this was frequent is often suggested by the attiitude of visitors to his old store who, standing before his fine portrait hanging on the wall, will whisper with every sign of deep emotion, "He was the best friend I ever had." THE KELLY-SPRINGFIELD MOTOR TRUCK COMPANY 1S definitely to be considered one of the more important of the many industrial concerns that lend commercial prestige to the City of Springfield. About the year 1905 Oscar Lear organized at Columbus, Ohio, a company to build racing and motor cars, under the Frayer-Mille patents on air-cooled motors. In 1907 the headquarters of the company were transferred to Springfield, through the cooperation and financial assistance of public-spirited citizens of this place, and the title of the Frayer-Mille Company was adopted by the corporation. Here the company first confined its business to the manufacturing of pleasure cars and taxicabs. After about two years the enterprise was directed exclusively to the manufacturing of air-cooled motor trucks, and E. S. Kelly effected a reorganization of the company, which was then incorporated as the Kelly Motor Truck Company. In 1912 the company produced an output of water-cooled motor trucks and abandoned the air-cooled motors. At this juncture the firm of Emerson, McMillen & Company of New York secured the controlling interest in the business, which has since been thus retained, and the corporate title was then changed to its present form, the Kelly-Springfield Motor Truck Company. This vital and progressive corporation has gained an enviable success and reputation, its motor trucks being recognized as among the best manufactured, and the trade having been extended to virtually all parts of the civilized world. The company bases its operations on a capital stock of $6,000,000, and in the extensive and modern manufacturing plant an average of 600 employes are retained. During the border troubles between the United States and Mexico the Kelly-Springfield trucks were largely used by the Government in connection with operations there, and in the period of the great World war, after having previously purchased a few of these trucks, Belgium standardized the Kelly-Springfield trucks in its war activities, as did also the Canadian Government and other allied nations, all of which purchased large numbers of these celebrated trucks. The personnel of the present official corps of the company is as here noted : James L. Geddes, chairman of the Board of Directors ; Charles W. Young, of New York, president ; Capt. Marion McMillen, vice president. James L. Geddes, chairman of the directorate of this representative Springfield corporation, is a native of Scotland where he was reared and educated and whence as a young man he came to Canada and found employment in connection with railway operations. He came to the United States about the year 1895, and for several years he was treasurer and auditor of the Detroit City Gas Company, in the metropolis of Michigan. Since 1913 he has been a resident of Springfield, and he has entered most loyally and effectively into the civic, industrial and commercial life of the community, the while he has proved a liberal and 308 - SPRINGFIELD AND CLARK COUNTY progressive citizen of strong constructive powers in connection with business affairs of broad scope and importance. JOSEPH LINK. One of the men who for nearly forty years was a living force in Springfield, and the good influence of whose noble and unselfish life will be felt for many years to come was the late Joseph Link. He was born on the fifth day of April, 1846, in Baden, Germany. With a view to becoming a teacher he attended the Gymnasium (high school) and also studied music. Realizing that his opportunities for advancement would be much greater in the United States, he immigrated to this country when he was twenty-two years of age, locating at Springfield, Illinois. He attended a college near by and completed his education. Mr. Link came to Springfield in 1867. He taught school over ten years, and was organist at St. Bernard's Church a long time. He was also one of the charter members of the Springfield Maennerchor, a flourishing men's choir in the early '90s, and the director of the same. In 1888 he located with his family at Cincinnati, where he taught school. While there he was organist at St. Bonif ace Church. In 1891 he removed to Springfield, where he entered the grocery business, being compelled to give up teaching on account of his health. He continued in business until his death, which occurred at the Good Samaritan Hospital on April 13, 1905, where he submitted to an operation. He was a member of the Board of Review for three years. He married at Springfield, Illinois, in 1869, Mary Schwing, who survives him and who resides on Lagonda Avenue, where she has lived fifty-four years. Ten children were born of the marriage, seven of whom survive. Two died early in life, and the third, Francis C. Link, who was prominently identified with the business interest of the city, died in 1916, at the age of forty-one years. The surviving children are : Dr. Joseph A., who is a leading surgeon and veteran of the World war ; Mary, a teacher ; Constantine, a realtor, and prominently identified with and director of various industrial enterprises and director of the Merchants & Mechanics Savings and Loan Association ; A. C., an attorney and the referee in bankruptcy for Clark County ; Clara, who is the wife of Andrew A. Helmuth, a realtor ; Anna, who is connected with and principal owner of Link's Grocery ; and Lewis, a veteran of the World war and engaged in real estate business with his brother Constantine, operating under the firm name of Link & Link. The firm of Link & Link is widely and favorably known as a real estate firm in this section of the state. They have platted many additions, including "Arlington and Warder Homestead," and deal extensively in city and farm properties. In 1914 the firm. then composed of the late Francis C. and Constantine Link, together with their brother, A. C., purchased the site at the corner of Limestone and Main streets, and organized the Link Hotel Company, which built the Shawnee Hotel Building, a handsome and strictly modern fire-proof hotel. The business properties north of the hotel as far down as the county historical grounds are owned by Constantine and A. C. Link. Mrs. Mary Link, widow of Joseph Link, is seventy-four years of age and enjoys good health. Two of her children, Clara Helmuth and Constantine Link, are married and each has three children. SPRINGFIELD AND CLARK COUNTY - 309 ARTHUR H. BAKER finds the title of Acadia Farm no misnomer for his fine homestead place on Yellow Springs Turnpike, seven miles south of Springfield, in Greene Township, for this is one of the model farms of the township and in every respect gives evidence of vigorous and progressive management. Mr. Baker was born in the State of New York, on the 19th of February, 1870, and is a son of William and Rosa (Palmer) Baker. He was but one year old at the time of his father's death, and he was reared by his widowed mother, who gave him the best educational advantages she was able to provide. He earned his first money by working in a greenhouse, for $2 a week, and he continued to be employed in this connection four years. He then went to the Northwest, where he followed various vocations, he having been for fifteen years in the restaurant business. In Springfield, judicial center of Clark County, Ohio, he has owned and successfully conducted several restaurants, and here he is now proprietor of the Robbin & Myers cafeteria, though he now resides upon and gives his active supervision to his fine farm, which is of small area but well improved. This place, comprising twenty-one acres, is largely given to the raising of vegetables. He is a member of the special district Board of Education in Greene Township, arid is president of the Hopewell Community Church, he and his wife holding to the faith of the Covenant Presbyterian Church. He is a director of the Emery Farmers Elevator Company of Springfield, and is an active member of the Grange in his home township. In the Masonic fraternity Mr. Baker's basic affiliation is with Anthony Lodge No. 455, F. and A. M., at Springfield, where he holds membership also in Springfield Chapter, R. A. M.; Springfield Council, R. and S. M. ; and Palestine Commandery, Knights Templar. In the Scottish Rite of the time-honored fraternity he has received the thirty-second degree, and he is also a Noble of the Mystic Shrine. The maiden name of the first wife of Mr. Baker was Ada Hollenback, and she is survived by one son, Luther B., who served in the World war as one of the gallant young soldiers with the American Expeditionary Forces in France and who now resides in the City of Cleveland. For his second wife Mr. Baker married Miss Margaret Williams, of Chicago, Illinois, no children having been born of this union. JOHN LOUIS DORST has achieved a splendid service in the upbuilding and maintaining of the Springfield Young Men's Christian Association, of which he has been the efficient and popular secretary since 1911. Mr. Dorst was born at Harrison, Hamilton County, Ohio, November 28, 1872, and is a son of Henry and Margaret (Lorenz) Dorst. The early educational discipline of John L. Dorst was obtained in the public schools and was supplemented by a special course in Lane Seminary. He initiated his association with business by assuming a clerical position in the Cincinnati offices of the Chicago, Cleveland, Cincinnati & St. Louis (Big Four) Railroad, and in early manifestation of his sense of personal Christian stewartship he became secretary of the railroad department of the Young Men's Christian Association at Cincinnati. In this position he continued his service from 1893 to 1903, and thereafter he served until 1911 as secretary of the central department of the Young Men's Christian Association of Cincinnati. In April, 1904, he was licensed to 310 - SPRINGFIELD AND CLARK COUNTY preach by the Cincinnati Presbytery, and from 1905 to 1911 he had pastoral charge of the Pleasant Run Presbyterian Church in Hamilton County. This was in connection with his Y. M. C. A. work Since assuming his present executive office with the Springfield Young Men's Christian Association in 1911, Mr. Dorst has accomplished much for the lasting benefit of the youth of this community, and the benignant effect of his activities is to be seen and felt in all of those branches of human endeavor that contribute to the making of a vigorous industrial city. His indomitable energy and high ideals find exemplification in work aside from his mere technical service as secretary of a strong and well ordered Y. M. C. A., and his spirit of helpfulness touches and inures to the benefit of the entire community. Several of his addresses before the Young Men's Literary Club of Springfield have received more than local recognition and commendation. This has been specially true in connection with the earnest addresses which he has delivered under the respective titles and in the respective years here designated: "Study Child Labor," 1912; "Life of Sir George Williams," 1914 ; "Women in Industry," 1917 ; "Why the 'Y'?" 1919 ; and "The Spirit of Cooperation in Industry," 1921. From 1902 to 1904 Mr. Dorst was a member of the Board of Education at Hartwell, Hamilton County ; in 1905 he was elected by the Presbytery of Cincinnati a commissioner to the General Assembly of the Presbyterian Church at Buffalo, New York ; from 1905 to 1911 he was a director of the Western Tract Society ; he has been an elder of the Presbyterian Church continuously since 1895 ; he has been Sunday School superintendent continuously from 1915 to the time of this writing, in the winter of 1921-2 ; is a member of the Clark County Sunday School Association; since 1919 he has been secretary of the Rotary Club at Springfield. In the Masonic fraternity Mr. Dorst has received the thirty-second degree of the Scottish Rite, and is affiliated with the Mystic Shrine. He is a valued member of the Ohio State Committee of the Young Men's Christian Association. In June, 1921, he received from Wittenberg College at Springfield the honorary degree of Master of Arts. On the 16th of September, 1896, was solemnized the marriage of Mr. Dorst and Miss Florence May Elwood, of Cincinnati, and they have seven children : Stanley E., John Wilbur, Florence May, Paul Henry, Dorothy E., Helen and Margaret. Stanley and John entered the nation's military service in connection with the World war, but neither was called into service abroad. Stanley held the rank of second lieutenant of infantry. PROF. GAYLORD RIDGEWAY HUMBERGER. Gifted in marked degree, fitted by training and natural talent as a musician, it is not surprising that Gaylord R. Humberger has attained distinction in musical circles of Springfield or that the public schools of the city have made such rapid progress along musical lines since he became supervisor of this branch of the educational curriculum in 1920. Professor Humberger was born at Galion, Crawford County, Ohio, January 25, 1887, and is a son of Edward Luther and Ethelinda (Hassinger) Humberger. Edward Luther Humberger was born at Massillon, Stark County, Ohio, a son of John Humberger, who came to Ohio from Pennsylvania, in which state he had settled first upon his arrival in this country from SPRINGFIELD AND CLARK COUNTY - 311 Germany. The mother of Professor Humberger was born at Leesville, Ohio, in 1851, a daughter of Jonas Hassinger, a native of Pennsylvania, whose ancestors came from Germany and settled in Pennsylvania prior to the war of the American Revolution. Both parents still survive and are residents of Dayton, Ohio. In his young manhood Edward L. Humberger learned the trade of machinist, which he followed for some years, but for many years has been a locomotive engineer for the Erie Railroad, running out of Dayton. Gaylord Ridgeway Humberger attended the public schools of Galion, and after his graduation from high school as a member of the class of 1905, spent two years in the study of music at the Dana Institute of Music, Warren, Ohio. He then further prepared himself for his chosen art by attendance at the Michigan and Detroit Conservatories of Music, at Detroit, and on leaving that city journeyed to the East, where he played in concerts in New York City, Philadelphia and various other large cities in the Keystone State. In 1910 he located at Dayton, Ohio, where he engaged in professional playing and taught music in the public schools of Harrison Township, Montgomery County, until 1917, in which year he took charge of normal music work at West Milton, Ohio. Professor Humberger was next appointed supervisor of music in the public schools of Marietta, Ohio, whence he came to Springfield in 1920 to accept his present position as supervisor of music in the public schools. While his work has covered only a period of two years here, it is a record of achievement. He has organized orchestras and glee clubs in every public school in the city, the orchestras combined numbering over 300 students, while the glee clubs have a total membership of about 600 pupils. Piano, vocal and instrumental classes with credit for outside study, have been organized in each school ; with the progressive series of piano lessons as a text, and in addition, under Professor Humberger's direction, there have been organized in the high school a high school girls' glee club, a high school boys' glee club, a high school orchestra and a student band, all of these being successful organizations and ones that are making rapid and gratifying progress. He has given boys' minstrels and operas, and in 1921 presented a May Musical Festival of choral and orchestral work, continuing two nights, which met with much approval and very favorable press notices, and this was repeated in 1922, when the entertainment continued for three nights. In the latter years he organized a Junior High School musical appreciation class and study of the instruments of the symphony orchestra. Professor Humberger has the happy faculty of being able to impart his own knowledge to others, and his popularity with the students has gone far to hold their attention and interest and to aid him in his earnest labors toward a higher musical standard. Professor Humberger is a member of the American Federation of Musicians. He is an honorary member of the Fortnightly Club of Springfield, and is fraternally affiliated with Stillwater Lodge No. 616, F. and A. M., and Raynold Lodge No. 82, K. of P., of Marietta, Ohio. In 1911 Professor Humberger was united in marriage with Miss Anna M. Bauer, who was born at Wilkes-Barre, Pennsylvania, daughter of Charles and Catherine Bauer, and to this union there have been born three children : D'Esta Marguerite, Virginia Gail and Gaylord Ridgeway, Jr. 312 - SPRINGFIELD AND CLARK COUNTY VICTOR GEORGE AUGUSTINE TRESSLER, Ph. D., D. D., educator, and professor of Hamma Divinity School of New Testament Philology and Criticism, Wittenberg College, Springfield, was born at Somerfield, Pennsylvania, April 10, 1865, a son of the Rev. John William and Carrie (Augustine) Tressler. Rev. John William Tressler was born at Loysville, Perry County, Pennsylvania, the present site of Tressler Orphan Home, which was founded by him and his brothers and which is the largest orphanage in the United Lutheran Church. Reverend Tressler was the son of Col. John Tressler, an officer of the United States Army during the Mexican war and a man of extraordinary personality, who led a varied and active career and whose achievements were numerous and noteworthy. Reverend Tressler completed his education at Pennsylvania College, Gettysburg, and entered the Lutheran ministry early in life, laboring therein for many years. His wife, Carrie, was born in Somerset County, Pennsylvania, a daughter of Abraham Augustine. Both the Tressler and Augustine families were among the oldest and most highly esteemed in Pennsylvania. Dr. Victor George Augustine Tressler acquired his preliminary educational training in the public schools, following which he studied at Pennsylvania State College, Bellefonte, Pennsylvania, and later at Gettysburg College, Gettysburg, Pennsylvania, where he received his degree of Bachelor of Arts in 1886, "summa cum laude." He received his Master of Arts degree in 1889 from the same school. In the meantime he was a student of law at Chicago in 1887 and 1888, and in 1891 received his Bachelor of Divinity degree from McCormick Theological Seminary. He was a correspondence student of Hebrew at the University of Chicago in 1895, following which from 1897 to 1900 he was a student at the University of Leipzig, from which he received his Ph. D. degree. In the latter year he also studied at the University of Berlin, Germany, and in 1901, at the University of Paris, France. He received his Doctor of Divinity degree from Susquehanna University in 1905. Doctor Tressler was ordained to the Lutheran ministry in 1892, and his first charge was as pastor of Grace Lutheran Church, San Jose, California. where he labored from 1891 to 1898. At the same time, from 1896 to 1898, he was lecturer of history at the San Jose Academy, and dean and professor of philosophy at Ansgar College, Hutchinson, Minnesota, in 1901 and 1902. In 1905 he accepted the call to Wittenberg College, where he has since been professor of Greek and of New Testament Philology and Criticism, Hamma Divinity School. A man of profound and comprehensive learning, he is justly accounted by his f ellowworkers as one of the leading educators of the state, while among the student body he is greatly popular. Doctor Tressler has had very agreeable success in his chosen field of labor. From the start he has been exceptionally fitted for the duties and responsibilities involved. He has manifested a personal interest where another might have shown only a professional obligation, and has instilled in the hearts of his students and in the records and traditions of the college a warm tenderness and respect. Doctor Tressler was president of the General Synod of the Evangelical Lutheran Church of the United States of America, and is a member of the Executive Board of the United Lutheran Church of America and a SPRINGFIELD AND CLARK COUNTY - 313 member of the National Union Council. He is president of the Springfield City Hospital Board, is a member of the Authors' Club of London, England, of Phi Gamma Delta, S. A. R., and of various literary, social and civic clubs, and is a thirty-second degree Scottish Rite Mason. He possesses much literary ability, and is the author of various monographs and a correspondent to numerous periodicals. He has traveled extensively in Europe and Asia. In 1906 Doctor Tressler was united in marriage with Mary Baugher Gotwald. GEORGE WILLIAM ADAMS. For many years the late George William Adams was identified with a number of the leading business interests of Springfield, Ohio. Few men were better known over the state in the grocery trade, and in other lines, both in merchandising and banking, his commercial ability was highly rated and his honorable name counted as an asset. George William Adams was born on the old Adams farm on the Harrison Turnpike, near the City of Cincinnati, Hamilton County, Ohio, December 28, 1861, and died in the City of Springfield on March 31, 1913. His parents were William and Mary Barbara (Hartman) Adams, the former of whom was born in Germany in 1811 and the latter in the same country in 1821, and both were brought to the United States by their parents in childhood. They were reared and married in Ohio, and practically spent all their lives on the Hamilton County farm. William Adams died in 1875, and his wife survived him ten years. They were the parents of the following children : Margaret, William, Eliza, Josephine, Caroline, Louise, John E., Simeon and George W. George William Adams attended the country schools near his father's farm until he was twelve years old. He was the youngest of the family, and there was nothing except his own preference that caused him to put aside his books at this time, leave the farm, and decide to make his own way in the world in some other vocation. In 1873 he came to Springfield and went to work in the grocery store of his brother-in-law, Martin Krapp, who found his young assistant a valuable helper because of his industry, reliability and very evident business capacity. Mr. Adams remained with the Krapp store until he reached manhood, by which time he had become thoroughly acquainted with the retail grocery business and began to have ambitions to have a similar business of his own. It was in 1882 that Mr. Adams opened a grocery store on Clitf on Street, in partnership with his brother John E., it being a modest venture at that time. The above partnership continued for six years, during which time the business was transferred from Clifton to Pleasant Street. The latter location proved an advantageous one from a business standpoint, and from that time until 1894 Mr. Adams devoted himself energetically to developing and expanding his grocery interests, until he found himself the proprietor of the leading wholesale house on the south side of the city. He had worked hard, never sparing himself, and had become, in fact, "a tired business man." With an idea of retiring from business and enjoying the leisure that ample means made possible Mr. Adams sold his grocery store and at the same time bought a beautiful country home in a choice residential surburb of Springfield. 314 - SPRINGFIELD AND CLARK COUNTY Like many another man who too soon has retired from the strenuous struggle that seems inevitable, with the idea that a life of inactivity would be preferable, Mr. Adams grew wearied with an existence in which there were no difficult commercial problems to solve or business ventures to plan for the future. Within less than two years he bought back his grocery store, and continued to vigorously conduct it as before, but then sold again, on the eve of making a trip with his family to the western coast. After a season spent in California and other parts of the West Mr. Adams returned, reinvigorated, to Springfield, repurchased his old store and conducted it for many years afterward. In 1910 Mr. Adams founded the Springfield Abattoir Company, and at the time of its incorporation was its largest stockholder and was its first president. Later he sold his interests in this concern and became a member of the firm of C. H. Oates & Company, commission merchants of this city, and so continued until his death. He was a stockholder in the Springfield National Bank and had numerous other financial interests. It is doubtful, however, if any of these ever made as close an appeal to him as a business man as did the grocery trade. He was justly proud of the high standing he had won for himself in that line of effort, in which, from first to last, he had the confidence of his fellow citizens as a dealer of the highest business integrity. On September 24, 1884, Mr. Adams married Miss Amanda Kredle, who was born on West Main Street, Springfield, a daughter of Michael and Louise (Neibert) Kredle, both natives of Germany and brought to America in childhood by their parents. Mrs. Adams' father was born in 1830, and died at Springfield in 1901, and her mother, born in 1834, died in 1900. They were members of St. John's Lutheran Church and were held in esteem by all who knew them. Two children were born to Mr. and Mrs. Adams : Walter Ulysses and Alma. The former was associated with his father in business and succeeded him as a member of the commission firm of C. H. Oates & Company. He married Miss Nellie Polling, of Springfield. Miss Alma Adams, who for four years has been an instructor in the Springfield High School, of which she was a graduate in 1913, graduated also, in 1917, from Wittenberg College, with the degree of A. B. Mr. Adams was a republican in political life but was never ambitious to shine in politics. He was, however, a close observer of passing events, and from his position in the business world was able to gauge public sentiment very correctly, which knowledge he often used in the capacity of a public-spirited citizen for the benefit of Springfield. He was a valued member of the Chamber of Commerce, was fraternally identified with the Knights of Pythias, and for thirty years had belonged to the First Lutheran Church at Springfield. In every relation of life he was honorable and trustworthy, and his death was a distinct loss to the City of Springfield. A. RICHARD KENT, M. D. The Clark County Medical Society chose as its president for 1922 one of the prominent younger physicians and surgeons of Springfield, Dr. A. Richard Kent. Doctor Kent came to Springfield highly qualified by training in medical college and hospitals, and has made rapid progress to leadership in his profession. SPRINGFIELD AND CLARK COUNTY - 315 He was born May 20, 1889, at Bloomfield, Essex County, New Jersey. The Kents have lived in that part of New Jersey and in the old Dutch settlement of New York since 1715. The family was represented by soliders in the Revolutionary war. Richard A. Kent, father of Doctor Kent, was born at Bloomfield, while his mother, Emma Shoemaker, was of Holland-Dutch ancestry and a native of Pennsylvania, where the Shoemakers settled in 1740. Doctor Kent was educated in the Bloomfield High School, in the Centenary Institute at Hackettstown, New Jersey, and the Pennington Seminary at Pennington,. New Jersey. In preparation for his profession he entered the New York Homeopathic Medical College, where he was graduated M. D. in 1914. For nearly two years Doctor Kent remained in the East doing hospital work at St. Mary's Hospital, Passaic, New Jersey, and in the Flower Hospital of New York City. He began his practice in Springfield, January 6, 1916, as successor to Dr. R. B. House. Doctor Kent offered his services to the Government at the time of the World war, and was enrolled in the Medical Corps in 1918, with the rank of lieutenant. His active service was for f our months at Fort Oglethorpe, Georgia, but he was honorably discharged after the armistice and at once resumed his private practice in Springfield. Besides his active membership and presidency for 1922 of the Clark County Medical Society, Doctor Kent is a member of the Ohio State Medical Association, the Miami Medical Society, the American Medical Association, the American Institute of Homeopathy and the Ohio State Homeopathic Medical Society. In a business way he is treasurer of the Springfield Advance Machine Company. He is a member of the Chamber of Commerce, is affiliated with Anthony Lodge No. 445, F. and A. M. ; Palestine Commandery No. 33, K. T. ; Antioch Temple of the Mystic Shrine at Dayton, and belongs to the Men's Literary Society, the Lagonda and Country Clubs, and the Methodist Episcopal Church. In 1916 Doctor Kent married at Raritan, New Jersey, Elizabeth Austin Rusby. Her father, Rev. Samuel O. Rusby, is pastor of the First Methodist Episcopal Church of Raritan. The two children of Doctor and Mrs. Kent are : Elizabeth Jane, born July 7, 1918, and Constance Ryder, born December 21, 1920. ELMER A. WATTS. In the necessary realization of modern discoveries and inventions that have in the last quarter of a century or more most tremendously changed and bettered conditions and operations in many lines of human effort, it would be folly to assert that inventive genius can go no further, yet, in the light of the large measures of perfection that has been introduced into some lines of present day manufacturing it may seem problematical. The ordinary, uninspired man may well consider with wonder and admiration his brother whose marvelous inventions have wrought these changes, for his talents are truly extraordinary and without them the world would make little progress. In this field no one in the State of Ohio may be justly named more prominent than is Elmer A. Watts, president of The Miller Improved Gas Engine Company of Springfield, also president of the Watts-Dunn Air Pump Company, and interested in the manufacture and distribution of many 316 - SPRINGFIELD AND CLARK COUNTY articles of his own invention that have proved to be invaluable in modern mechanics. Elmer A. Watts has been a resident of Springfield for twenty-four years. He was born in Lycoming County, Pennsylvania, June 20, 1873, and is a son of George L. and Mary (Watson) Watts. After completing his public school course at Muncy he started as an apprentice with the Williamsport Machine Company in his native state, learned his trade there and in 1895 came to Ohio, spending three years at Greenfield. In 1898 he came to Springfield, and for many years has been identified with The Miller Improved Gas Engine Company, of which he is now the head. The history of the above company began in March, 1898, when a charter was granted to Charles A. Miller, N. H. Fairbanks, Oscar T. Martin, A. R. Cobaugh and M. L. Milligan. The Miller Gas Engine Company was incorporated for the purpose of making gas engines. It had as a basis an engine invented by C. A. Miller, and began business with a capital stock of $25,000. The first officers were : Charles A. Miller, president ; N. H. Fairbanks, vice president ; M. L. Milligan, secretary and treasurer. The first site was the old Whitely plant on East High Street, removal being made to its present location on Plum and Fair streets in 1902. In 1909 Mr. Miller died, and all the original incorporators have ceased connection with the business. In 1910 a new engine, designed by Elmer A. Watts, superseded the Miller engine, and this new engine, with later improvements, has since continued as the principal product of the plant. In 1913 Mr. Watts introduced a new engine and compressor combined (his own invention also) for compressing air and gas, which is manufactured here, and is used in gas and mining fields. The product of this plant is used industrially, in electric lighting, street railways, oil, gas and mining fields. Within the last four years the company has installed for the Charles F. Noble Oil & Gas Company at Burk-Burnett, Texas, a number of its products, this being the largest gasoline plant in the world. The Miller Improved Gas Engine Company now operates with a capital of $120,000, and employs 150 hands. Its officers are : Elmer A. Watts, president and general manager ; Homer C. Miller, vice president ; Fred E. Kirchner, secretary and treasurer. Among other notable inventions to be credited to Mr. Watts is an automatic pump for pumping oil and water, the same being manufactured by the Watts-Dunn Air Pump Company, of which concern Mr. Watts continues to be president. In 1895 Mr. Watts married Miss Jessie May Brown, of Greenfield, Ohio, and they have two children : Lawrence Fay and Thelma Louise. Mr. Watts and his family are members of the Christian Church. He is an active member of the Springfield Chamber of Commerce, being notably enterprising and progressive in all that concerns the welfare of his city. in political life he is an earnest republican, but no politician, and for many years has belonged to the Masonic fraternity. JOSEPH B. CARTMELL. A banker and manufacturer who has been associated with several of Springfield's most notable industrial and financial institutions, Joseph B. Cartmell is a native son of Clark County, and as a young man he performed the humble role of a country school SPRINGFIELD AND CLARK COUNTY - 317 teacher and a bookkeeper, so that it has been on the strength of his individual effort that he has risen high in the commercial world. He was born on a farm in Pleasant Township of Clark County, son of Jacob Van Meter and Sarah Amelia (Baldwin) Cartmell. The Cartmells were a family of considerable prominence in old Virginia, where the pioneer ancestor settled in 1734, coming from Northumberland, England. The grandfather of Joseph B. Cartmell was Nathaniel Cartmell, a native of Virginia, who settled in Pleasant Township of Clark County as early as 1801. Jacob Van Meter Cartmell was born in the same township in 1811, and spent his active life as a farmer. He died in 1896. His wife, Sarah Amelia Baldwin, was born at Springfield in 1824, daughter of Jonah Baldwin, and a granddaughter of Dr. William Needham, who came from Vermont to Springfield in 1815. Joseph B. Cartmell finished his education in Wittenberg College, and then followed his work as a country school teacher and his employment as a bookkeeper in a book store and printing office. It is now nearly half a century since in January, 1875, he first became connected with the manufacturing interests of Springfield as an employe of the firm Rinehart, Ballard & Company. In 1882 Mr. Cartmell, associated with 0. S. Kelly, 0. W. Kelly and L. H. Pursell, organized the Springfield Engine and Thresher Company. This new corporation took over the business of Rinehart, Ballard & Company, and Mr. Cartmell was secretary and treasurer of the company until the name was changed to the 0. S. Kelly Company in 1890, and he continued with the new organization as secretary and treasurer until 1901. Thus for fully a quarter of a century he had been actively identified with one of the most conspicuous industrial enterprises of the city. He also organized, and was president until 1911 of, the Kelly-Springfield Road Roller Company. He was a director in the Springfield Savings Society from 1890 until 1907, resigning to become a director of the First National Bank. He is now chairman of the Board of Directors of this banking institution. He is also vice president of the American Trust & Savings Bank and vice president of the Springfield Morris Plan Banking Company. He is president of the Buckeye Incubator Company and a director in several other manufacturing and business corporations. With all these business connections he has found time to express his public spirit and generous interest in various civic movements. He served four years as head of the American Red Cross in Clark County. He is senior warden of Christ Episcopal Church and is a member of the Springfield Rotary Club, the Lagonda Club and the Springfield Country Club. In 1881 Mr. Cartmell married Emma Anthony, daughter of Gen. Charles Anthony. She died in 1910. HARRY EDILY HEBRANK, president of the Mad River National Bank of Springfield, Ohio, came to Springfield a few years ago from Pittsburgh, where he had become one of the prominent younger men in banking circles. His financial ability and judgment are rated high throughout Western Pennsylvania and Ohio, and he is regarded as one of the most useful men in Springfield. He was born at Allegheny, Pennsylvania, September 28, 1878, son of Emanuel E. and Jennie (Lowry) Hebrank. His father was born at 318 - SPRINGFIELD AND CLARK COUNTY Adamsburg, Pennsylvania, in 1846. This is an old Pennsylvania-Dutch family. The grandfather moved from Reading, Pennsylvania, to the western part of the state in 1799, crossing the mountains with wagons and teams. Among the houshold goods he took with him was a grandfather's clock, which has been in the family for five generations and is still keeping accurate time. Emanuel Hebrank for many years was a successful contractor at Pittsburgh, and is now living retired in that city in his seventy-sixth year, and his wife at the age of seventy-four. She was born in Ireland in 1848, daughter of John Lowry, who brought his family to the United States and settled in Western Pennsylvania. Harry E. Hebrank secured his early education in the public schools of Allegheny and Wilkinsburg, Pennsylvania. In 1894, at the age of sixteen, he went to work as clerk in the Pittsburgh mercantile house of J. K. McKee & Company. Following that for three years he was with the Westinghouse Electric & Manufacturing Company, and then for another three years was with Thomas Carlin & Sons, foundry at Allegheny. His career in banking began in 1903 with the private bank of M. Holmes & Company of Pittsburgh. That bank was consolidated with the Union National Bank in 1905, and Mr. Hebrank remained with the larger institution as auditor until 1917, when he accepted the invitation to come to Springfield as secretary-treasurer of the American Trust & Savings Bank. Mr. Hebrank was elected president of the Mad River. National Bank of Springfield, Ohio, July 12, 1922, accepting this position and resigning from the American Trust & Savings Bank. Mr. Hebrank is treasurer of the Lagonda Floral Company and a director in the Springfield Union Stock Yards. Before coming to Springfield he served as president of the Pittsburgh Chapter, American Institute of Banking. From 1912 to 1918 he was one of the twelve members of the Executive Committee of the American Institute of Banking. He is a director in the First Joint Stock Land Bank of Cleveland. He is a member of the Springfield Country Club, the Chamber of Commerce and the United Presbyterian Church. In 1909 Mr. Hebrank married Sara E. Goodfellow, of Hollidaysburg, Pennsylvania. Her father, William Hardy Goodfellow, has been a merchant of Hollidaysburg and Altoona, Pennsylvania. GEORGE EDWARD MCCORD, educator and superintendent of the public schools of Springfield, was born on a farm near Litchfield, Illinois, September, 26, 1875, a son of John Francis and Elizabeth Frances (Nicholson) McCord. John F. McCord was born near Greenville, Illinois, June 10, 1847, the son of Dr. David A. McCord, who with his brother, Lucien, and his half-brother, Henry, came over from Scotland and settled first at Cincinnati, Ohio. Later David and Henry McCord removed to Illinois, Henry later going to Colorado, while Lucien remained in Ohio, his grandson of the same name becoming the first teller for the First Trust and Savings Company of Springfield. Dr. David McCord removed to Vandalia at about the time that city was made the capital of Illinois and there was engaged in the practice of medicine and surgery for a number of years. SPRINGFIELD AND CLARK COUNTY - 319 John Francis McCord removed from the farm into Litchfield, and for many years was a foreman of one of the departments of the Litchfield Car and Machine Company. He died at Springfield, Ohio, June 25, 1922. His wife, Elizabeth, was born near Litchfield, a daughter of George W. Nicholson, who read medicine but never practiced that calling, going instead into public life and holding various official positions. She died November 19, 1919. Prof. George Edward McCord graduated from Litchfield High School in 1893, following which he taught in the public schools for five years. Seeking further preparation for his chosen calling, he then enrolled as a student at Wittenberg College, from which institution he was duly graduated with the class of 1901, receiving his Bachelor of Arts degree. In 1902 he received his Master of Arts degree from the same college. In later years he has taken post-graduate work at the University of Michigan and at Columbia University, and in 1922 received his Master of Arts degree from the latter in Education. He likewise took the post-graduate work in mathematics and science. During the years 1901, 1902, 1903 and 1904 Professor McCord was a teacher in the Springfield high schools, and during a part of 1904 and until October, 1905, was professor of mathematics at Midland College, Atchison, Kansas. In 1905 he became head of the manual training department of Springfield, following which for several years he taught in the senior department of the Springfield high schools. In July, 1917, he was elected superintendent of the Springfield public schools, a position which he has retained to the present. Professor McCord is a member of the National Educational Association, the Ohio State Teachers Association, the Central Ohio Teachers Association and the Miami Valley Round Table, a superintendents' association. He likewise holds membership in the Central Ohio Schoolmasters' Club. He is a thirty-second degree Knight Templar Mason, a member of the Mystic Shrine and belongs to the Knights of Pythias and the Lions Club of Springfield. His religious connection and that of his family is with the Lutheran Church. Professor McCord married Miss Harriet Gaby, who was born at Litchfield, Illinois, June 10, 1879, the daughter of John H. Gaby, a Pennsylvania German. Mrs. McCord is a member of the Woman's Club, is president of the Jefferson School Parent Teachers' Association, and is active in church work. The children of Professor and Mrs. McCord are as follows : George E., Jr., born November 23, 1903, a sophomore at Wittenberg College; Helen Christine, born July 10, 1909, in the class of 1925 of the Springfield High School ; Robert Gardner, born September 2, 1911; and Richard Francis, born October 31, 1917. ELMUS JOHN CARMONY. Of the men prominently identified with the financial interests of Springfield few have gained a higher reputation for ability and fidelity than Elmus John Carmony, resident manager at Springfield of the United Security Company of Canton, Ohio. He has been active in the business and public life of the city for a number of years, and his career has proven an exemplary one, demonstrating what may be accomplished by a man of will and capacity. Although he has not sought to figure before the public except in a business capacity, he 320 - SPRINGFIELD AND CLARK COUNTY is a man of comprehensive knowledge along many lines, and his progressive spirit has been evidenced in a number of ways. Elmus John Carmony was born at Lytle, Warren County, Ohio, October 20, 1888, a son of William H. and Mary E. (Garrette) Carmony, natives of Miami and Champaign counties, Ohio, respectively, the father now deceased and the mother still a resident of Lytle. Elmus J. Carmony attended the public schools of Lytle, where he was graduated from the high school as a member of the class of 1906, and then entered Ohio Wesleyan University, being graduated in 1912 with the degree of Bachelor of Arts. On leaving college he became general secretary of the Valparaiso University (Indiana) Young Men's Christian Association, a position which he filled with ability from September, 1912, to September, 1913, and from the latter date until June, 1914, was engaged in traveling for a company producing high school annuals, his territory including the states of Ohio, Pennsylvania and West Virginia. From June, 1914, to October, of the same year, Mr. Carmony served on the Ohio State Industrial Commission at Columbus, as special agent of the commission on strikes and lockouts, a capacity in which he rendered valuable service. In October, 1914, he came to Springfield as manager of the United Security Company of Canton, Ohio, a position which he still retains. Mr. Carmony is very active in civic, religious and welfare work, and has given and is giving freely of his time in the support of all movements along those lines of endeavor. During the World war he took part in all bond, War Chest and Red Cross campaigns, especially in that of the War Chest, of which he practically had charge of the speaker's committee of Clark County outside of the City of Springfield. In 1920 he was active in the work of the Inter-Church World Movement. At the present time he is chairman of the Clark County Sunday School Association, and is a member of the Official Board of the High Street Methodist Episcopal Church. Mr. Carmony also holds membership in the Phi Delta Theta and Phi Beta Kappa college fraternities, the Lagonda Club, the Springfield Country Club, the Young Men's Christian Association, the Young Men's Literary Club, the Kiwanis Club, of which he is president for 1922, and Anthony Lodge No. 445, F. and A. M. On June 27, 1914, Mr. Carmony was united in marriage with Miss Coral Douce, a daughter of George W. Douce, of Caledonia, Ohio, and to this union there have been born two children : Marian Adelle, born October 5, 1916; and Robert John, born October 23, 1917. Mr. and Mrs. Carmony have a pleasant home, which is always hospitably open to their many f riends. HENRY F. STARRETT. For many years of his long and useful life the late Henry F. Starrett was one of Springfield's substantial business men and greatly esteemed citizens. He was born at Lancaster, Pennsylvania, October 9, 1809. His father, Henry Starrett, came with his family to Urbana, Ohio, in 1811. He was a miller by trade and for some time operated a mill at Urbana, in which he met with an accidental death from suffocation. He was survived by his widow and three sons and three daughters. Henry F. Starrett was yet young when his father died. As soon as he was old enough he was apprenticed to a local shoemaker by the name SPRINGFIELD AND CLARK COUNTY - 321 of White, with whom he learned the trade and in 1826 he came to Springfield and went into the boot and shoe business with a Mr. Sellers, who was a Methodist Episcopal minister. Mr. Starrett was a good business man and later bought his partner's interest. Still later he became interested in the buying and improving of property, acquiring both residence and business sites on West Columbia Street, Main Street and on Fountain Avenue. In 1857 Mr. Starrett erected a large brick house at 17 West Columbia Street, an unusually commodious residence. Mr. Starrett married, April 16, 1835, Miss Catherine Albert, who was born at Hagerstown, Maryland, November 17, 1818, and died October 4, 1915. Her parents were George and Catherine Albert, who were born in Holland and came to the United States and settled in Maryland at an early day. The children of Henry F. and Catherine Starrett were : Llwellyn, who is deceased ; Levenia Rebecca, who was born April 26, 1838, and owns the old homestead at Springfield ; Irving Nelson, who was born in 1843, and died in 1917 ; Charles Henry, who died in childhood ; Walter K., who died at the age of twenty-one years ; Mary Elizabeth, who died May 23, 1919, the widow of Albert C. Herr and their two daughters, Nettie L. and Albertine, reside with their aunt, Miss Levenia ; and Harry S., who resides on North Limestone Street, Springfield. Henry F. Starrett continued active in business life until his retirement in 1880, and his death followed on June 3, 1888. He was considered one of the representative men of Springfield and enjoyed the confidence and respect of every one. He took a deep interest in all that promised to be of benefit to the city, and served faithfully and honestly on the City Council during important periods of the city's development. In politics he was a republican, in fraternal life was an Odd Fellow, and for many years attended the First Presbyterian Church at Springfield and was generous in contributing to its support. IRVIN EAKINS. While outside enterprise and capital have undoubtedly done much to further the development of Springfield, the interested observer will note that a large amount of its substantial progress must be credited to those who can claim Ohio ancestry. Among the old names so recognized are those of Eakins and Long, and the present bearers of these names at Springfield are representatives of sturdy old pioneer families of the Western Reserve. Irvin Eakins, for many years well known in business circles, was born in Darke County, Ohio, September 20, 1851. His parents were Benjamin and Sarah Jane (Woods) Eakins, old residents of Darke County, where his father followed f arming and also operated a sawmill and lumber yard. In later years he moved to Missouri, and both parents of Mr. Eakins died there. He assisted his father in earlier years, but after his marriage he embarked in the grocery business at Palestine in Darke County, where he continued until. 1879, when he removed to Mis- souri and was engaged in business at Kansas City until his death in the summer of 1910. Mr. Eakins married, September 20, 1874, Miss Mary Elizabeth Long, who was born at Lewisburg, Preble County, Ohio, July 3, 1854. Her parents were Jacob and Catherine (Smyers) Long, the former of Vol. II-21 322 - SPRINGFIELD AND CLARK COUNTY whom was born at Cincinnati, Ohio, and the latter in Preble County. Her father died in 1897, at the age of eighty-three years, and her mother, in 1858. Of their five children, Mrs. Eakins was the fourth in order of birth, and others being : Arabelle, who resides at No. 110 Snyder Street, Springfield, is the widow of Frank Teaford ; Harmon, who lives in Preble County ; Anetta, who died when eighteen years old ; and Walter Z., who conducts a hotel at Miami, Florida. After the death of her husband Mrs. Eakins returned with her two sons, Herbert W. and Rolland C., to the home of her father at Springfield, in which city her brother, Walter Z. Long, conducted a bakery and confectionery store on West Main Street, between Center and Wittenberg avenues. Mr. Long subsequently sold this business and became interested in a hotel at Miami, Florida, but still maintains a home on Spring and Clifton streets, Springfield. Mrs. Eakins kept house for her father for many years while her sons were growing up and being educated. Herbert W. Eakins was born September 21, 1875, and conducts a confectionery store on East High Street, Springfield, and also manufactures a popcorn machine that was invented by his uncle. He married Miss Juanita Jackel, and they have two children : Herbert and Betty Jane. They reside at No. 1220 North Fountain Avenue, Springfield. Rolland C. Eakins was born February 10, 1878. He is in his brother's employ at Springfield, but has large realty interests of his own, both at Springfield and Miami, Florida. Since the death of his wife, on April 25, 1920, he and his three younger children reside with his mother in her beautiful home, which is situated at No. 1214 Garfield Avenue. His children are : Robert Luther, born October 20, 1910; Paul Herbert, born September 25, 1911; Dorothy Louise, born October 6, 1914 ; Eleanor Agnes, born December 5, 1915 ; and Marjory, born in November, 1918. Mrs. Eakins' sons own some very valuable property at Springfield. Together they built five double houses on West McCreight Avenue, one on Fountain Avenue, and the handsome family residence on Garfield Avenue, all being of modern type of construction and adding greatly to the improvement of the localities in which they stand. Mrs. Eakins is a member of the First Lutheran Church of Springfield and belongs to the order of the Eastern Star. She has a wide acquaintance here and is very highly esteemed. JOHN W. SOWERS. The self-made man deserves more than passing mention, for his success proves that he possessed more than ordinary attributes in order to rise, through his own efforts, to a position somewhat above that attained by the rank and file. John W. Sowers is one of the men of this character in Clark County who, working hard and saving thriftily, become independent and takes a constructive part in the work of their community. His finely improved truck farm on Hillside Avenue, Springfield, shows the results of his hard work and good management, and he has every reason to be proud of what he has accomplished. John W. Sowers was born in Greene County, Ohio, February 12, 1849, a son of John Hanson and Elizabeth (Coines) Sowers, natives of Maryland and of Greene County, Ohio. Early in life he was a carpenter, SPRINGFIELD AND CLARK COUNTY - 323 but later was engaged in farming. His death occurred at Springfield, October 2, 1862, his widow surviving him until February 15, 1892, when she passed away at Springfield. As he was the eldest of six children, after his father's death John W. Sowers had to go to work and he had no further opportunity of attending school. For two years he did farm work on the homestead, and then worked out by the month for neighboring farmers. Following his marriage in 1870 Mr. Sowers was engaged in farming, operating a threshing machine and doing saw-mill work until 1886, when he located at Springfield, and for the next three years he was engaged in hauling stone. Going then into the employ of P. P. Mast, of the Buckeye Drill Company, he continued with him until 1902, when he secured a piece of land in the eastern part of Springfield and farmed it until 1908. He then bought five and one-half acres on Hillside Avenue. The subsequent year he erected a residence, barn and other outbuildings, which are excellent for their several purposes, and here he maintains a comfortable home and raises vegetables, which he sells at his stand in the city market. In August, 1870, Mr. Sowers married Lydia Jane Shrock, who was born at Springfield, and died there June 28, 1889. They became the parents of the following children : Jennie Ann, who is the wife of Ernest Bennett, of Pueblo, Colorado ; Edward and William, who live at Springfield ; Ottie L., who died in infancy ; Harry, who lives at Springfield ; 011ie, who is Mrs. Harry Webb, of Kalamazoo, Michigan ; Frank, who died in infancy ; Roy, who lives with his father ; and Floyd, who died in infancy. Mr. Sowers has always been a republican, and is active in party matters. For three years he served on the School Board and for two years represented Fairfield on the Board of Supervisors. Fraternally he belongs to Fairfield Lodge, I. 0. 0. F., and Springfield Lodge No. 240, J. 0. U. A. M. Hard working, thrifty and careful, Mr. Sowers has made his way in life, and not only is successful in material things, but stands very well with his neighbors, who appreciate his excellent qualities. JOHN WILBERT SUMMERS. One of the most profitable industries connected with horticulture is that of growing roses for the market, the demand for these beautiful blooms being steady during all seasons. One of the men who is engaged in it at Springfield, and in this line has built up a well-deserved reputation for the excellence of his product, is John Wilbert Summers, of 271 Johnson Avenue. Mr. Summers was born in Pike County, Ohio, September 12, 1887, a son of James and Isabel (Stops) Summers, natives of Pike County, Ohio, and Illinois, respectively. James Summers was a farmer of Pike County, who died in 1890, and after his demise his widow moved to Highland County, Ohio. After the death of his father John W. Summers lived with an uncle in Highland County, Ohio, and as he grew older worked for him in his grocery store. Subsequently Mr. Summers came to Springfield and entered the employ of Good & Reese, florists, with whom he learned the business, and fifteen years later bought two acres of land on Johnson Avenue, on which he erected his greenhouses, now having 15,000 feet under glass, and here he raises roses exclusively and disposes of them to local people. He also built a fine residence and has a very nice home. 324 - SPRINGFIELD AND CLARK COUNTY On September 15, 1909, he married Charlotte McMillan, born at Springfield, Ohio, a daughter of David and Minnie (Tavener) McMillan, her birth occurring August 16, 1891. Mr. and Mrs. McMillan survive and make their home at 2545 Tecumseh Avenue, Springfield. Mr. and Mrs. Summers have three children, namely : John Wilbert, Junior, who was born July 18, 1910 ; Clarice, who was born April 20, 1914; and Lillian, who was born May 6, 1916. Mr. Summers is independent in his political affiliations, but he is interested in having good men elected to office and in securing needed improvements for his home city. He is a Blue-Lodge Mason. Hard-working and a good manager, Mr. Summers has built up a fine business and deserves the prosperity which has attended him. CARY S. DAVIS, while he enjoys the comforts of a beautiful home in the Village of Harmony, is still closely identified with the farming and stock raising interests of Clark County, a business to which he has devoted the best efforts of forty years or more. He was born at Washington Court House, Fayette County, Ohio, April 25, 1861, only son and child of Abner and Sarelda (Archie) Davis. His father was a native of Fayette County and his mother was also born in this state, of Virginia ancestry. Cary S. Davis was a year old when his father died. His father was in the Union Army, and died of measles contracted in the service. The mother lived about thirty years longer, and she did her best to rear and carefully train her son Cary, who in turn remained with her until he established a home of his own. She was a devout member of the Baptist Church. Cary Davis had a common school education and as a youth began earning his living by farm work. In 1880 he married Mary Daugherty, who was born in Fayette County in 1861. Her father likewise died while a Union soldier. For several years Mr. Davis worked on a farm for twenty dollars a month. Later they began farming for themselves, and for twelve years Mr. Davis leased and operated the Cyrus Hegler farm. Several years ago he built a handsome bungalow home in the Village of Harmony. His farming operations are conducted on seven hundred acres. He was the first breeder of Hampshire hogs in Clark County, and has also devoted much attention to the Percheron horse and Shorthorn cattle. Mr. and Mrs. Davis have five children. Bessie is the wife of George Beedy, living at Harmony, and they have two children, Ruth and Cary S. Jessie, a graduate of the Jeffersonville High School, is the wife of Wilbur Countz, of Newport, Kentucky, and they have a daughter, Mary Helen. Matie is the wife of Harvey Esterline, of Clark County. Roy, who married Margaret Stickney, is a farmer in Clark County. He has three children, John L., Martha and Nellie. Mary is attending school at Plattsburg. The family are members of the United Brethren Church. Mr. Davis is affiliated with South Vienna Lodge No. 145, Independent Order of Odd Fellows, and is a democrat in politics. EDSON K. YOUNG is numbered among the successful and popular representatives of farm industry in his native township and county and is the owner of two well improved farms that give evidence of the pros-