50 - SPRINGFIELD AND CLARK COUNTY Philander Cogswell, great-grandfather of the subject of this review, was born and reared in Pennsylvania. In 1850 Charles Cogswell removed from Pennsylvania to Carroll County, Illinois, where his family joined him in the following year. A mason by trade, he became a successful contractor in that county, and there he passed the remainder of his life. His wife likewise was born in Pennsylvania, a daughter of Dr. Lemuel C. Belden, who went to Illinois in 1851 and became the first homeopathic physician in Carroll County. Dr. George E. Cogswell was an infant at the time of the family removal to Illinois, where his youthful educational advantages included those of Carroll Academy. Later he attended Paynesville Academy, at Paynesville, Ohio, and in 1873 he graduated from Hahnemann Medical College, Chicago, one of the leading homeopathic institutions of the United States, his technical studies having been advanced under the direction of several of the leading physicians of Chicago and Cleveland. In the year of his graduation, Dr. Cogswell engaged in practice in the City of Cedar Rapids, Iowa, and in 1889 he established his home and professional headquarters at Mount Carroll, Illinois. In 1892 he removed to Waukegan, that state, and in 1902 he engaged in practice at Champaign, Illinois, where he remained until his removal to Springfield, Ohio, where he has been established in successful general practice since 1918. He is an active member of the Clark County Medical Society. For thirty years Dr. Cogswell has maintained affiliation with the Masonic fraternity, in which his basic membership is in Waukegan Lodge, A. F. and A. M. In the same Illinois city he is a charter member of Long Commandery of Knights Templar, and while a resident of Iowa he served as junior warden of the Masonic Grand Lodge of that state. His wife was born at LeRoy, New York, a daughter of Louvane Coman, and the children of this union are three sons : E. Roy, who is identified with the telephone business at Springfield, Illinois George O., of this sketch, and Robert C., his twin brother, the latter being now secretary of the Vaughn Building Company, Hamilton, Ohio. George O. Cogswell attended the public schools of Waukegan and Champaign, Illinois, and in 1911 graduated from the University of Illinois with the degree of architectural engineer. Mr. Cogswell has made a record of distinctive success as a contractor and builder at Springfield, where in 1919 he organized the Cogswell Building Company, of which he is the president and general manager. This company has erected a number of the best grade of modern business and residence buildings in Springfield, as well as school buildings, and the business of the concern, based on effective service, is constantly expanding in scope. Mr. Cogswell is a member of the Springfield Chamber of Commerce, the Kiwanis Club and St. Andrew's Lodge No. 619, Ancient Free and Accepted Masons. In 1914 was solemnized the marriage of Mr. Cogswell and Miss Katharine Saxton, daughter of Charles Saxton, of Pueblo, Colorado. The children of this union are three in number : Eveline, Ruth and Charles Saxton. JACOB P. NAVE is a member of a well-known family of Clark County. His own career has been one of progressive industry that has taken him from the ranks of renter to an independent farm owner. His farm is SPRINGFIELD AND CLARK COUNTY - 51 located on the Springfield and Selma Pike, on Rural Route No. 11, in Greene Township. Mr. Nave was born in the same township, November 23, 1867, son of John G. and Margaret (Gram) Nave. His father was born in Green Township, June 10, 1838, and his mother in the same locality, September 11, 1840, and she is now living, at the age of 82. His father died May 24, 1918. The late John G. Nave spent his active life as a farmer in Greene Township, and he served one enlistment as a Union soldier in the Civil war. He was a member of the Baptist Church and clerk of his home church. These parents had five children : Armenia, wife of William B. Todd, of Springfield ; Alfretta, widow of Wiley Howett ; J. T., Jacob P. and Charles, all farmers in Greene Township. Jacob P. Nave, while a boy on a farm, attended the common schools, and he remained at home until he was 24. On December 24, 1891, he married Aurelia Garlough, also a native of Greene Township. Mr. Nave after his marriage rented farms for nineteen years, and he has since lived on his own farm of eighty acres. He has handled much high-grade live stock and is one of the active men in the farming community. He has served as master of Pitchin Grange No. 1649. He is a republican in politics. Mr. and Mrs. Nave have had two children : John B., born November 19, 1892, is now deceased. Edgar P., born January 27, 1894, was educated in the common and grade schools and high school of Pitchin, and on June 14, 1921, married Rachel E. Reynolds. PETER KNOTT, who resides on his excellent farm in section 22, Greene Township, is a native of Clark County and a representative of a family whose name has been worthily linked with the history of this county since the pioneer days. Peter and Nancy Knott, grandparents of him whose name initiates this paragraph, came to Ohio from New Jersey and settled near Clifton, Greene County, the grandfather having not only developed a farm but having also operated a tannery at Clifton. His son Peter, father of the subject of this sketch, was born near Clifton on the 2d of February, 1843, and in this locality he was reared and educated. When the Civil war was precipitated on the nation, he manifested his youthful patriotism by enlisting in the Forty-fourth Ohio Volunteer Infantry, with which he saw hard service at the front. After the close of his term he re-enlisted, this time in a regiment of cavalry, and with this latter command he served until the close of the war. He was nineteen years old at the time of his first enlistment, and his active service covered the last three years of the great conflict between the North and the South. At the age of twenty-nine years he married Miss Martha McKeehan, and soon afterward they established their home on the farm now owned by their son Peter, of this review. Here the father continued as one of the substantial farmers and loyal and honored citizens of Clark County' until his death, in January, 1906, and his widow passed to the life eternal in the year 1920, both having been zealous members of the Presbyterian Church in the neighboring village of Clifton and he having long served as an elder in the same. His political allegiance was originally given to the republican party and later to the prohibition party. Of the eight children, seven are living at the time of this writing, in 1922 : Mabel E. 52 - SPRINGFIELD AND CLARK COUNTY is a popular teacher in the public schools of the City of Cleveland ; Ella remains at the old homestead, as does also Mary, who graduated from Cedarville College ; Bertha L., a graduate of the same college, is a successful teacher in the public schools at Clifton ; Laura died at the age of three years ; Paul M., a graduate of the Clifton High School, is now a prosperous farmer in South Dakota ; Peter, of this review, was the next in order of birth, and Martha, who graduated from Cedarville College, is the wife of Leo Anderson, of Cedarville. Peter Knott III., whose name introduces this review, was born on the farm which is his present place of residence, and the date of his nativity was March 29, 1886. In the public schools he continued his studies until his graduation from the Clifton High School, and he then entered Cedarville College, in which he was eventually graduated with the degree of Bachelor of Arts. He then went to South Dakota, where for twenty months he taught in graded schools. He remained in the West for some time, and after returning to his native county he assumed the active management of the old homestead farm, which has been in the possession of the family nearly eighty years and which comprises 185 acres of most fertile and valuable land, the ownership of the property being now vested in six of the children of the third generation. Mr. Knott is independent in politics and as a citizen is progressive and public-spirited, with deep interest in all that concerns the welfare of his native county. His name is still enrolled on the list of eligible bachelors in Clark County. JAMES HOWARD HARRIS, M. D., one of the successful and representative physicians and surgeons of Clark County, is established in the practice of his profession at Clifton, and has the satisfaction of claiming Clark County as the place of his nativity, his birth having occurred in the City of Springfield, April 8, 1873. He is a son of Dr. Ezra C. and Marie (Bird) Harris. The father was born in Harmony Township, this county, September 28, 1844, and was reared on the pioneer farm, in the work of which he early began to aid. He continued to attend the public schools of the locality and period until the inception of the Civil war, and though he was but sixteen years of age at the time, he promptly found opportunity to give definite expression to his youthful patriotism by enlisting as a private in Company I, One Hundred and Tenth Ohio Volunteer Infantry. He proceeded with his command to the front and took part in all of its engagements until the time when he was so severely wounded as to be incapacitated, when he received his honorable discharge. After the war he followed the course of his ambition by preparing himself for the medical profession. He graduated from Starling Medical College, now the medical department of the University of Ohio, and then engaged in practice at Clifton, where he continued his successful service until 1888, when he removed to Springfield, the county seat, in which city he held prestige as an able physician and surgeon and loyal and progressive citizen until the time of his death, April 19, 1920, his wife having passed away in 1882, and both having been earnest members of the United Presbyterian Church, in which he served many years as an elder. Dr. Harris was a staunch advocate of the principles of the republican party, was affiliated with the Grand Army of the Republic, and in the Masonic fraternity he received the thirty-second degree of the Scottish Rite. He SPRINGFIELD AND CLARK COUNTY - 53 consecrated his life to his noble and exacting profession, which was dignified and honored by his character and service. Of the children, Dr. James H., of this review, is the eldest ; Mabel, who graduated from Monmouth College, is, in 1922, a student in the University of Ohio, and Lucy, likewise a graduate of Monmouth College, is the wife of Rev. Joseph Speer, a Presbyterian clergyman. Dr. James H. Harris was reared at Clifton and Springfield, and after having attended the high school in Springfield and pursued a higher course in Wittenberg College, he entered Starling Medical College, his father's alma mater, in which institution, now a part of the University of Ohio, he was graduated in 1895, with the degree of Doctor of Medicine. From that time to the present, he has been successfully established in general practice at Clifton, and is doing a work that effectively supplements that of his honored father. He has developed a large and successful practice and is one of the representative physicians and surgeons of his native county, within which his circle of friends is coincident with that of his acquaintances. He is actively identified with the Clark County Medical Society, the Ohio State Medical Society and the American Medical Association. His political allegiance is given to the republican party, and he and his wife are active members of the Presbyterian Church in their home village. On the 14th of November, 1895, was solemnized the marriage of Dr. Harris and Miss Gretta McCullough, who likewise was born and reared in Clark County and who is a graduate of the Clifton High School. Dr. and Mrs. Harris have one son, James M., who is, in 1922, a member of the junior class in the Clifton High School. DAVID W. STEWART, a retired farmer residing in the attractive village of Clifton, is a native son of Clark County and a representative of one of its sterling pioneer families. He was born in Greene Township, this county, December 19, 1848, and is a son of Capt. Perry Stewart and Rhoda (Wheeler) Stewart, both likewise natives of Greene Township, where the former was born June 6, 1818, and the latter, December 30, 1824—dates that show that both families were founded in Clark County in the early pioneer period, when this section of Ohio was little more than a frontier wilderness. Captain Stewart was one of the venerable and honored citizens of his native county at the time of his death, December 29, 1906, his wife having preceded him to eternal rest, and both having been zealous members of the Christian Church. Capt. Perry Stewart was reared on the pioneer farm and gained his early education in the schools of the locality and period. After his marriage he settled on a farm near Pitchin, in Greene Township, and he continued for many years as one of the substantial farmers of his native county, the closing period of his life having been passed in the City of Springfield. At the time of the Civil war Captain Stewart recruited and became captain of Company A, Ninety-fourth Ohio Volunteer Infantry, and he commanded his company at the front during the greater part of the year 1862 and also until the autumn of 1863, when he, physically incapacitated for further service, resigned his commission as captain and was granted an honorable discharge. Upon his return home he resumed the management of his farm, and he remained on the homestead until 54 - SPRINGFIELD AND CLARK COUNTY well advanced in years, when he removed to Springfield. The captain was a citizen of marked loyalty and public spirit, held secure place in popular confidence and esteem, served as a member of the Board of County Commissioners, and represented his native county in the Ohio Legislature in 1868-9. He was a republican in politics and was affiliated with Mitchell Post No. 45, Grand Army of the Republic. Of the ten children, seven are living at the time of this writing, in 1922 : Harriet is the widow of James Hatfield, who was a prosperous farmer in Greene Township ; Julia is the wife of R. M. Elder, of Clark County ; David W., of this review, is the next younger ; John T. is a resident of Texas ; Charles F. resides at Springfield, Clark County ; Perry M. is a resident of Yellow Springs, Greene County, and E. W. remains on the old home farm of his father. David W. Stewart found the period of his childhood and early youth compassed by the influences and activities of the home farm, and in the meanwhile he profited by the advantages of the local schools. He was but fifteen years old when he entered service as a Union soldier in the Civil war. He enlisted as a member of Company D, One Hundred and Forty-sixth Ohio Volunteer Infantry, and he served with his command at the front until the expiration of his term in 1864, when he received his honorable discharge, his record having been that of a gallant young soldier of the Union. For many years thereafter, Mr. Stewart continued as one of the vigorous and successful exponents of farm industry in Greene Township, where he had a well-improved farm estate and where he remained until he retired to his present home in the village of Clifton. He lived forty-seven years on his farm, in the northwest corner of Greene Township, and since that time he and his wife have lived in their attractive home at Clifton. Mr. Stewart still retains possession of his fine farm property, which comprises 100 acres. His political allegiance is given to the republican party, he is affiliated with Mitchell Post No. 45, Grand Army of the Republic, and his wife is an active member of the Methodist Episcopal Church. February 12, 1874, recorded the marriage of Mr. Stewart and Miss Amanda McClintick, who was born in Springfield Township, this county, November 8, 1855, where she was reared on the home farm of her parents. Of the children of Mr. and Mrs. Stewart, five are living : P. M., who is carrier on rural mail route No. 9 from the City of Springfield, represented his native county as a soldier in the Spanish-American war ; Myrtle is the wife of Herbert F. Cory, of Greene County ; Delmer married Miss Lina Gram, and they reside in the City of Springfield ; Ruth is the wife of A. S. McCullough, of 'Clark County, and Harry M., who graduated from the high school and attended the University Of Cincinnati, was a soldier in the World war, in connection with which he was for two years in active service with the American Expeditionary Forces in France, he being now at the parental home. JOHN H. MARTIN. Five miles to the south of the City of Springfield, on Yellow Springs Turnpike, is situated the well-improved farm of Mr. Martin, who has here staged his productive activities as a progressive agriculturist and stock-grower. SPRINGFIELD AND CLARK COUNTY - 55 Mr. Martin was born in the State of Maryland, on the 15th of January, 1869, and is a son of Christian and Sarah (Bowers) Martin, who were born and reared in that state, where they retained their home until March, 1869, when they came to Ohio and settled on the farm which the father purchased in Greene Township, Clark County, near Clifton. Christian Martin gained prestige as one of the most vigorous and successful exponents of farm industry in the county, and accumulated an estate of an approximate value of $65,000. Both he and his wife continued their residence in this county until their deaths, when well advanced in years, and both were earnest members of the Presbyterian Church at Clifton, The political allegiance of Christian Martin was given to the republican party. Of the children of this representative family, the following are living in 1922 : Harvey resides in the City of Springfield ; Silas is a farmer in Springfield Township ; Emanuel is a prosperous farmer in Greene Township ; John H., of this sketch, is the next younger ; Mary is the wife of Charles Harland, of Springfield ; Albert resides at Springfield, and Jessie (deceased) was the wife of M. Leininger. John H. Martin was not yet three months old when the family home was established in Clark County, and here he was reared on his father's farm, in the work of which he early began to assist. In the public schools he continued his studies until he had profited by the advantages of the Clifton High School. He continued to be associated with the work and management of the old home farm for a number of years after his marriage. In the year 1905 he purchased and established his residence upon his present excellent farm, his original tract of 124 acres having since been amplified by the purchase of an adjacent 140 acres, so that he now has a large and well-managed landed estate, the very appearance of which shows his progressiveness and well-directed activities in the furtherance of modern agricultural and live stock enterprise. Mr. Martin has proved eminently successful in his chosen field of endeavor and has had no reason to regret having continued his allegiance to farm industry in his native county, where he is known and honored as a liberal and loyal citizen. He is a stockholder in the Farmers Grain Company of Emery ; is a stalwart supporter of the cause of the republican party, and he and his wife are active members of the Emory Methodist Episcopal Church at Beatty, Springfield Township, he being a member of its Official Board. In December, 1896, Mr. Martin wedded Miss Edith Davis, who was born in Springfield Township on the 30th of May, 1877, and of this union have been born five children : Edna is the wife of Harry Shank, of Springfield ; Alice, a graduate of the Springfield High School and also a graduate trained nurse, is now the wife of Arnold Thompson, of Springfield, and at the parental home remain the three younger children, Earl, Luretta and Oscar. JOHN C. LITTLETON, .who figures prominently as one of the able and successful representatives of farm industry in Greene Township, was born at Clifton, in the adjoining County of Greene, on the 18th of September, 1852, and is a son of Joel and Martha A. (Brant) Littleton, the former a native of Virginia and the latter of Warren County, Ohio. Joel Littleton was reared and educated in the historic Old Dominion State, and was a 56 - SPRINGFIELD AND CLARK COUNTY young man when he came to Warren County, Ohio, where his marriage occurred. Thereafter he was for twO years engaged in farming in Indiana, and he then returned to Ohio and settled at Clifton, where he and his wife passed the remainder of their lives. He was a member Of the Methodist Episcopal Church, and his wife was a member of the Presbyterian Church. At the time of the Civil war Mr. Littleton proved physically ineligible for service as a soldier. He never wavered in his allegiance to the democratic party, in the faith of which he was reared, and he was long and actively affiliated with the Independent Order of Odd Fellows. Of the family of eight children four are living at the time of this writing, in the summer of 1922: Anna is the widow of John W. Randall ; John C., of this review, is the next younger ; Joel is engaged in the undertaking business at Springfield, and Viola is the wife of Alfred Fry, of that city. At Clifton John C. Littleton was reared to the age of eighteen years, and in the meanwhile he profited by the advantages of the public schools of the village. After his marriage he was for seven years engaged in the general merchandise business at Yellow Springs, and he then sold Out and removed with his family to the City of Dayton, where he was engaged in the grain and flour business for the ensuing eight years. He purchased his present farm in 1898, and here established his residence in 1901, the place being well improved and comprising sixty acres. Mr. Littleton is a progressive and public-spirited citizen, is a republican in political adherency and is serving in 1922 as township trustee. He is a stockholder in the Emery Farmers Grain Company, at Springfield, is affiliated with the Independent Order of Odd Fellows, of which he is a past grand, and was a charter member of the lodge of Knights of Pythias at Clifton. He and his wife are active members of the Presbyterian Church. February 19, 1874, recorded the marriage of Mr. Littleton and Miss Ella Cox, who was reared on a farm in Mad River Township, Clark County, and whose early education was acquired in the public schools. Mr. and Mrs. Littleton have but one child, Gilbert C., who was born October 18, 1876. Dr. Gilbert C. Littleton was graduated in a leading college of dentistry in the City of Cincinnati, and is now successfully engaged in the practice of his profession in the City of Springfield, with offices in the Arcue Building. CYRUS SHAW has long held prestige as one of the successful and representative farmers of Clark County, and his well-improved farm estate is situated in Greene Township, where he stands forth as one of the venerable and highly honored citizens of this section of his native state. Mr. Shaw was born in Greene County, Ohio, on the 30th of October, 1842, and is a son of Robert and Polly (Wilson) Shaw, the former of whom was born in New Jersey, November 29, 1804, and the latter of whom was born in Massachusetts, October 3, 1812. Both families were founded in America in the early Colonial period of our national history. Robert Shaw was a boy of about seven years when he accompanied his parents on their removal to the wilds of Ohio in 1812, and the family home was established in Greene County, where the father reclaimed a farm from the virgin forest and where the family lived up to the full SPRINGFIELD AND CLARK COUNTY - 57 tension of frontier life. Robert Shaw, the fourth in a family of seven children, was reared on the pioneer farm and early proved his self-reliant energy in connection with pioneer development and progress. In January, 1834, was solemnized his marriage with Miss Polly Wilson, and they reared a large family of children. Robert Shaw and his wife continued their residence in Greene County until their deaths. Cyrus Shaw was reared on the old home farm and was afforded the advantages of the common schools of the locality and period. He was not yet twenty-one years of age at the inception of the Civil war, but before the close of the conflict he found opportunity to evince his youthful loyalty and patriotism by joining the gallant ranks of the "boys in blue." In 1864 he enlisted in Company F, Eighth Ohio Cavalry, with which he proceeded to the front and took part in a number of engagements. At Beverly, West Virginia, he was captured by the enemy, and thereafter he was confined thirty-five days in the infamous old Libby Prison at Richmond, Virginia. After the close of the war he continued his association with farm enterprise in his native county until 1872, when he went to California. He there remained until the Centennial year, 1876, when he returned to Ohio, where for many years he has been successfully identified with farm industry in Clark County, his well-improved farm estate comprising 164 acres and devoted to diversified agriculture and stock-raising. In addition to owning this fine homestead farm, Mr. Shaw is a stockholder in the Emery Farmers Elevator Company. He is a staunch advocate of the principles of the democratic party, and is affiliated with the Grand Army of the Republic and the Independent Order of Odd Fellows. On the 6th of May, 1879, was solemnized the marriage of Mr. Shaw and Miss Sarah E. Baker, who was born in Ripley County, Indiana, April 23, 1857. Mr. and Mrs. Shaw have seven children, whose names and respective dates of birth are here recorded : George W., February 20, 1880 ; Charles D., January 15, 1882 ; Leslie P., October 23, 1884 ; Ralph I., April 7, 1890 ; Harvey, January 25, 1892 ; Henry F., March 28, 1894, and Margaret C., December 30, 1887. The son Ralph was in active service in the World war as a member of the American. Expeditionary Forces in France. Margaret C., the only daughter, is a graduate of the high school at Yellow Springs. CHARLES A. ROBERTS. A family that has been long and favorably known in Clark County for its connection with agricultural affairs and its high standards of citizenship is that bearing the name of Roberts. Of Welsh origin, its members have been largely farmers, and all have been of a sturdy, self-reliant type, constructive in accomplishment and permanent in achievement. One who exemplifies the best traits of the family is Charles A. Roberts, who is carrying on extensive operations on his farm in Moorefield Township, on which he was born January 10, 1864, a son of Thomas H. and Mary (Coffey) Roberts. James H. Roberts, the grandfather of Charles A., was born in Virginia, where he received a practical, common school education and grew to manhood. There he married for his first wife, Jane Wilson, and moved to near Cincinnati, Ohio, where he started a tanyard on the Ohio River. His wife died in that community, leaving seven children. While residing 58 - SPRINGFIELD AND CLARK COUNTY there Mr. Roberts entered 250 acres in Moorefield Township, Clark County, but it was not until 1819 that he moved thereto. There he married, November 22, 1820, Mary Wren, and they lived on the farm during the remainder of their lives. Their ten children, all born there, are now deceased. Thomas H. Roberts, the ninth child of his father's second marriage, was born March 28, 1836, on the farm now occupied by his son Charles A. in Moorefield Township. He was educated in the rural schools, and married, March 26, 1863, Mary Coffey, who was born February 8, 1839, in Pleasant Township. They passed the remainder of their lives on the home farm and were highly respected and esteemed members of their community. They were the parents of six children, born as follows : Charles A., January 10, 1864 ; James W., March 6, 1865 ; Anna M., October 20, 1866 ; Elizabeth A., April 14, 1869 ; Lucy C., November 21, 1870, and May, November 29, 1878. Of these children four are living at this time. Charles A. Roberts was reared on the home farm and received his early education in the public schools and at Nelson's Commercial College. As a young man he became a bookkeeper in hardware and furniture stores at Springfield and Dayton, but eventually tired of city life and returned to the farm. He has been successful in the operation of his property and is now the proprietor of a tract that compares favorably in improvements and productiveness with any others in the locality. He is a man of ability and has carried on his farming in a modern manner. On December 24, 1889, at Dayton, Mr. Roberts married Miss Margaret Howard, who was reared at Dayton, and died without issue, July 10, 1895. On August 22, 1898, Mr. Roberts married Josephine Warwick, who was born in Putnam County, Ohio, January 10, 1876, and educated in the graded and high schools. They have had eight children : Agnes, a graduate of high school, who married Oscar Lambert and has two children ; Josephine, a high school graduate and teacher in the Springfield public schools, now attending Wittenberg College ; Thomas, a graduate of high school, who is assisting his father in the operation of the home farm ; Edwin and John C., who are attending high school, and Catherine, James and Lucy, who are attending the graded school. The family belongs to the Baptist Church, in the work of which they have been active. Mr. Roberts is a member of the Knights of the Maccabees, in which he is keeper of the records. A republican in his political allegiance, he has the confidence and esteem of his fellow-citizens, and has served as township trustee and member of the School Board. EARL WILBUR TIFFANY, A. B., who for the last six years has been principal of the Springfield High School, was born at Springfield, July 27, 1873, a son of George and Ellen (Neal) Tiffany. George Tiffany was born at Meadville, Pennsylvania, April 1, 1849, a son of Nathan and Abigail (Ross) Tiffany, natives of Connecticut and Pennsylvania, respectively. The Tiffanys are of old English stock, and this branch of the family has been in America for eight generations, the original immigrant having settled in Connecticut upon arriving in this country, from which state later generations moved to Pennsylvania. The Ross family is of Pennsylvania Dutch origin. George Tiffany, the father of Professor SPRINGFIELD AND CLARK COUNTY - 59 Tiffany and a carpenter by trade, came to Springfield in 1870, and here followed his vocation until his retirement, several years prior to his death in 1908. Earl Wilbur Tiffany was educated in the Springfield public schools and graduated from the high school in 1890, following which he enrolled as a student at Antioch College, from which institution he was graduated with the degree of Bachelor of Arts as a member of the class of 1905. He began his independent career as a bookkeeper for the James Lumber Company of Springfield, with which company he remained for one and one-half years, and then turned his attention to teaching. He taught his first school in 1892, when he was in his eighteenth year, and for four years was a teacher in the schools of Mad River Township, in Clark County. Then he taught at the Northern Building School at Springfield for one year, following which he became a teacher in the high school and remained in this capacity for about twenty years, teaching mathematics. In 1916 he was made principal of the high school, a position in which he has since remained, having established a splendid record for efficiency and popularity. He is a member of the National Educational Association, mathematics section, of which he served one year as secretary and one year as president, and of the Central Ohio Teachers Association, of which he is now a member of the Executive Committee. Fraternally he is affiliated with the Masons, belonging to Anthony Lodge No. 455, F. and A. M., and also holds membership in the Kiwanis Club. In 1896 Professor Tiffany was united in marriage with Miss Anna M. Schaefer, who was born at Springfield, daughter of Charles H. and Susan (Netts) Schaefer, and to them there have been born the following children : Chester Wayne, who is teaching in the public school at PlumwOod, Ohio ; Don Meal, a graduate of Antioch College, Bachelor of Arts degree, and now assistant principal of the high school at Franklin, Ohio ; Florence Margaret, a teacher at the Fulton School, Springfield ; Lois Elizabeth, who is attending Wittenberg College ; Philip Earl, a student at the Springfield High School, and Helen Louise and Normal Stanley, who are attending the graded schools. A little daughter, Dorothy, died at the age of three months. JOHN T. SHUMAKER. A well-known figure in educational circles of Clark County is John T. Shumaker, principal of the Fulton School of Springfield, who has been identified with school work throughout his career, the last ten years of which have been spent at Springfield. He is not only well and widely known as a teacher, but occupies several important posts in educational organizations and has done much to elevate the public school system standards. Mr. Shumaker was born near Hillsboro, Highland County, Ohio, January 26, 1876, and is a son of the Rev. J. W. and Lydia J. (Webster) Shumaker. His father was born in Virginia, in 1830. He entered the ministry of the Presbyterian Church at the age of twenty-two years, and took his first charge in Adams County, Ohio. After a long and useful career, during which he filled a number of pulpits in Adams, Highland and other Ohio counties, he died in Adams County in 1904, aged seventy-four years. He was greatly beloved by his people in the various sections in which his valuable labors were prosecuted. The mother of Mr. 60 - SPRINGFIELD AND CLARK COUNTY Shumaker, Lydia J. Webster, was born at Hillsboro, Ohio, March 22, 1833, and was a descendant of the old and distinguished family of which Daniel Webster was a member. She also died in Adams County in 1904, passing away only a few days prior to the death of her husband. The early education of John T. Shumaker was obtained in the public schools of Adams County, and he was only seventeen years of age when he taught his first school, at Chum Creek, Ohio. Later he taught for eight years in the high school at Stout, Ohio, whence he went to Tremont, this state, and remained five years as a teacher in the high schoOl. Mr. Shumaker was then offered the position of principal of the Fry School at Springfield, which he accepted and held for two years, later holding the same position at the Lagonda School for four years. In 1919 he became principal of the Fulton School, a post which he still retains. Mr. Shumaker is a member of the Central Ohio Educational Association, the Ohio State Educational Association, the Springfield Teachers Institute, of which he is secretary and treasurer, and the Springfield. Teachers Association, of which he is treasurer. He holds a life certificate in Ohio as a public school teacher. Among his associates he is known as a man of broad and comprehensive knowledge, possessing the enviable faculty of imparting his knowledge to others, and among the student body he is highly esteemed and widely popular. As a fraternalist he holds membership in Clark Lodge No. 101, A. F. and A. M. ; Red Star Lodge, Knights of Pythias, and Union Camp, Modern Woodmen of America. He belongs to Covenant Presbyterian Church of Springfield, where he has been a member of the Session for nine years and teacher of the Barraca Sunday School class for fifteen years. In 1895 Mr. Shumaker was united in marriage with Miss Sally Pitts, whO was born at Buena Vista, Ohio, in November 1876, daughter of Oscar and Mary J. Pitts, both of Buena Vista, Ohio. To Mr. and Mrs. Shumaker there has been born one son, Claude V., born September 22, 1897. He attended the public schools, received instruction at home under the preceptorship of his father and then enrolled as a student at the Cincinnati School of Pharmacy, from which he was duly graduated. He is now securing further practical experience and training as an employe of a pharmacy at Springfield. Claude V. Shumaker married Miss Ruth Barton, of Springfield, and they are the parents of two children, Jack and Bob. JAMES ALEXANDER HAYWARD, whose death occurred in Springfield on the 22nd of May, 1916, was a native son of Clark County, which he dignified alike by his sterling character and worthy achievement, he having been long numbered among the representative figures in the business life of Springfield. Mr. Hayward was born on the old homestead farm of the Hayward family, on the present Charleston Turnpike, Clark County, and the date of his nativity was August 16, 1836. He was a son of David Hayward, who was born in the State of New Jersey, in September, 1803, and whose father, Abraham Hayward, was born January 10, 1782. From New Jersey David Hayward eventually removed to Harpers Ferry, Virginia (now West Virginia), and thence he came to Ohio in the '30s and established himself as a pioneer farmer in Clark County. SPRINGFIELD AND CLARK COUNTY - 61 He became one of the honored and influential citizens of the community, and at the time of his death, July 22, 1867, he was a member of the Board of County Commissioners and a director of the Springfield Board of Trade. At the time of his death the Springfield Daily News spoke of him as "an upright, able and conscientious man." David Hayward married Elizabeth Newcomer, and they became the parents of three sons and three daughters. James Alexander Hayward was reared to the sturdy discipline of the pioneer farm, received the advantages of the common schools of the locality and period, and grew virile in mental and physical stature. Upon leaving the farm he established his residence in Springfield and engaged in the lumber business, his first yard, one of modest order, having been on the site of the present office of the Thomas Manufacturing Company, on South Limestone Street. Mr. Hayward continued successfully in the lumber trade until 1892, when he became treasurer Of the Hoppes Manufacturing Company, with which representative concern he continued his service in this positiOn until his death. His high ideals were expressed in all phases of his singularly active and successful life, and he commanded inviolable place in popular confidence and esteem, the while he was known for his generosity and consideration and for unostentatious benefactions of many kinds. He was an active member of the High Street Methodist Episcopal Church. He found his interests aside from business in the work of his church and the gracious precincts of his home. His first wife, whose maiden name was Harriet Rinehart, was a daughter of Levi Rinehart, another of the sterling pioneers of Clark County. Mrs. Hayward died in 1886, and is survived by two children, Harry B. and Bessie (Mrs. Guy Coblentz). For his second wife Hayward wedded Mary Thompson, daughter of Christopher Thompson, and she survived him five years, her death occurring in July, 1921. No children were born of this union. HARRY B. HAYWARD, only son of the late James A. Hayward, to whom the preceding memoir is dedicated, was born at Springfield, on the 1st of January, 1868, was educated in the public schools and a commercial college, and he initiated his practical career by becoming associated with his father's lumber business. In 1892, in partnership with his cousin, L. M. Goode, he succeeded his father in this business, at the time of the latter's retirement therefrom, and the new firm continued the enterprise until 1916, when Mr. Hayward sold his interest to his partner, Mr. GoOde. Since that year he has given his attention to the supervision of his various capitalistic interests and private business. He is a director of the Springfield Coffin & Casket Company, and is president of the Vulcan Hardware Company. On the 8th of June, 1892, was solemnized the marriage of Mr. Hayward and Miss Alice Clifford, of Detroit, Michigan, and their only child, Ethel, is the wife of Charles G. Augustus. Mr. and Mrs. Augustus have one child, Charles Hayward. JOHN WILLIAM DEAM. One of the most important features of the educational system in all large cities of today is that which has to do with the business management. Modern educational methods 62 - SPRINGFIELD AND CLARK COUNTY demand a large and constantly-grOwing incOme to keep pace with the advancing standards as to equipment, etc., and it is necessary that the affairs of this matter be handled with the most scrupulous care and trained ability in order that the schools receive the greatest benefit in this direction. The business manager of the Springfield Board of Education, John William Deam, has been identified with schOol work for nearly thirty years, and is a man of much experience and specialized training. His discharge of the duties of his office has been commended by those who have watched educational affairs during the past two years. Mr. Deam was born at Springfield, May 5, 1871, and is a son of John Peter and Catherine (Keopge) Deam. Mrs. Deam, who still survives as a resident of Springfield, was born in 1847, in Prussia, Germany, a •daughter of Andrew Peter Keopge, a stOnemason by trade, who brought his family tO the United States in 1864 and settled at Springfield, where he rOunded Out his career. John Peter Deam was born at New Bremen, Ohio, a son of John Andrew and Elizabeth (Garvey) Deam. John Andrew Deam was born in the United States, Of German parentage, and as a yOuth learned the blacksmith trade, but later in life was the prOprietor of a hotel. He was an early resident Of Springfield, where he became well known and highly esteemed. John Peter Deam was six years of age when brought to Springfield by his parents, and here acquired a public school education. During the Civil war he enlisted in an Ohio volunteer infantry regiment, with which he served bravely and faithfully, and following the war returned to Springfield, where he followed blacksmith and steel forging work. When he died, in 1916, his community lost a good man and public-spirited citizen. John William Deam is indebted to the graded and high schools of Springfield for his educational training. As a youth he was apprenticed to mechanical work in the foundry and pattern department of the Warder, Bushnell & Glessner Company (now the International Truck Company), and remained with that concern until 1894, at which time he first became identified with public school work. During the next quarter of a century he was variously employed in the public schools, and thus became fully familiar with all branches Of their management. On January 5, 1920, he was made business manager Of the Board of Education, a positiOn which he has filled with much ability to the present. He has the full confidence of his associates and has proven himself capable, trustworthy and energetic in the discharge of his important duties. Mr. Deam is a member of Moncrieffe Lodge No. 33, Knights of Pythias, and Of COmmercial Camp No. 3347, Modern WOodmen of America. He was united in marriage with Miss Elizabeth Kelso, who was born at Cumberland, Maryland, a daughter of John and Mary F. (Carter) Kelso, well-known and highly esteemed residents of that city. To this union there have been born the following children : Charles Henry ; Esther May, who married William Newcomb and has two children, Paul and William R. ; Ethel Florence, who married Paul Nagel and has two children, Billy and Betty ; and John Walter. Mr. and Mrs. Deam occupy a pleasant home at Springfield and have SPRINGFIELD AND CLARK COUNTY - 63 a large circle Of sincere friends. They are faithful members of St. John's Evangelical Lutheran Church, and are willing and generous contributors to all movements pertaining to charity, education and better citizenship. FRANK D. SAUNDERS. During a period of fifteen years Frank D. Saunders of Springfield has been actively and prominently engaged in institutional work throughout the State of Ohio, and his long and comprehensive training equip him admirably for the discharge of his present duties as superintendent of the Ohio Masonic Home, a position which he has held since September, 1919. Mr. Saunders was born at Marlborough, Massachusetts, April 3, 1857, and is a son of Dexter B. and Abby E. (Pulsifer) Saunders. Dexter B. Saunders was born on a farm in Massachusetts, April 17, 1820, and was reared to agricultural pursuits, which he followed during the early years of his life. Later he became identified with manufacturing activities, both in the state of his nativity and in Ohio, to which latter he came in 1875, bringing with him his family. He took up his residence at Cleveland, where he died in 1898. He was a man of much ability and of the strictest integrity and held the respect and confidence of all with whom he was associated. On February 26, 1852, Mr. Saunders married Miss Abby E. Pulsifer, who was born February 6, 1831, daughter of Nathaniel Pulsifer, and died January 12, 1858. Frank D. Saunders received his early education in the primary schools and the English High School of Boston, and started on his active career soon after the Boston fire as an assistant in his father's factory. Later he joined the organization of D. Appleton Company, publishers, New York City, and was sent to Ohio and was connected with the school book department of the company in the Buckeye state. Later, because of financial disaster, due to the failure of a bank, Mr. Saunders became identified with institutional work in Ohio, his first connection of this character being with the Cleveland Protestant Orphan Asylum. He continued as field agent for that institution from 1908 until 1910, when he went to Akron, Ohio, as superintendent of the Summit County Children's Home, where he remained until September, 1919, at that time coming to Springfield to assume his present duties as superintendent of the Ohio Masonic Home. In this work he has proven highly capable, and his executive management has served to maintain the institution at a high standard of efficiency. Superintendent Saunders is a member of Henry Perkins Lodge No. 611, A. F. and A. M., of Akron ; Washington Chapter No. 25, R. A. M., of Akron ; Akron Council No. 80, R. and S. M. ; Akron Commandery No. 25, K. T. ; Lake Erie Consistory ; Antioch Temple, A. A. O. N. M. S., of Dayton ; and Chapter No. 304, Order of the Eastern Star. He has always given his support to worthy civic movements. On July 12, 1882, Mr. Saunders was united in marriage with Miss Lottie L. Craig, who was born at Olmstead Falls, Ohio, September 19, 1857, a daughter of Henry and Lydia Craig, of Canterbury, England. Mrs. Saunders is matron of the Masonic Home and an able 64 - SPRINGFIELD AND CLARK COUNTY assistant to her husband in his manifold duties. Mr. and Mrs. Saunders are the parents of two children : Nellie Craig, born November 1, 1884, who married J. C. Conger, of Peninsula, Ohio, and has one daughter, Charlotte, born April 4, 1921 ; and Warren Saunders, born April 1, 1886, whO died June 10, 1916, leaving a widow and two children, Ruth E., bOrn July 12, 1912, and Frank D., born December 23, 1914. Mr. and Mrs. Saunders are faithful members of the Covenant Presbyterian Church, and have always been generous supporters of all enterprises in the way of charity, religion and education. They have made numerous friends since locating at Springfield, and are popular with the inmates of the HOme. FRED WERTZEL WILLISS is the executive head of a splendidly ordered educational institution that contributes much to the prestige of his native county and the City Of Springfield, where he is proprietor and director of the Williss Business University. He was bOrn on a farm in Madison Township, Clark County, June 18, 1858, and is a son of the late P. W. and Anna (Williss) Williss. He was reared in the home and on the farm of his paternal grandfather, John Williss, and supplemented the discipline of the public schools by a course in the Ohio State Normal School at South Charleston, this county, in which he was graduated. Thereafter he studied medicine under the preceptorship of his grandfather, Dr. Williss, of Cincinnati, and that of Dr. Buckingham, of Springfield, but he deflected from the medical to the legal profession. He read law in the offices Of Keifer & White, of Springfield, and was admitted to the bar in the year 1880. He initiated practice in the office of the late Samuel Bowman at Springfield, but in 1882 returned to the offices of his preceptors, Keifer & White, with whom he continued to be associated in practice during the ensuing twelve years. He was private secretary to General J. Warren Keifer during the latter's terms of service as a member of the United States Congress, including the term when General Keifer was speaker of the House of Representatives. Mr. Williss also gave characteristically effective service as private secretary to the late Judge William White, who was then presiding On the bench of the United States District Court of Ohio. Mr. Williss learned stenography and typewriting under the direction of Benjamin Gaines, and when he came to Springfield he was the only man in the city at that time who earned his living by stenography. His appreciation of the value of such work and of the desire of many young men tO prepare themselves for service as stenographers and typewriter operators lead to his responding to a distinct demand and opening, in 1880, the pioneer school of shorthand and typewriting in Springfield, he having employed competent teachers to conduct the institution. From a most modest inception this school, which originally received only local suppOrting patronage, has grown into one of the important and well conducted institutions of its kind in the state. The Williss Business University occupies the entire fourth floor of the Bushnell Building, has students from every state in the Union, as well as from other countries, and it is now one Of the largest and most celebrated schools for business training to be found in the entire United States, its facilities being used SPRINGFIELD AND CLARK COUNTY - 65 by the Government in its reclamation service for soldiers of the World war. By 1890 the growth and demands of the school made it expedient for Mr. Williss to retire from the practice of law, and he has since given his entire time and attention to its management, his progressive policies having brought its service in all departments up to the highest standard of efficiency and usefulness. Mr. Williss received from Nashville College the degree of Bachelor of Laws, and from the American Institute of Commerce he has received the degree of F. C. I., as has he also from the British Institute of Commerce, of London, England. At South Charleston, Clark County, in 1881, was solemnized the marriage of Mr. Williss and Miss Martha H. Sands, who was born in Illinois but who was an infant at the time of the family removal to Clark County, Ohio, where she was reared and educated. Her father, Israel Sands, later removed to Winfield, Kansas. Of the children of Mr. and Mrs. Williss the following brief data are available : Carl L., born in 1883, received his business education in the Williss Business University, the advantages of which have been utilized also by the other children, and he is now manager for the Standard Oil COmpany at Memphis, Tennessee ; Frank S., born in 1885, won the gold medal in typewriting at the Louisiana Purchase Exposition, St. Louis, Missouri, in 1904, and at the time of his death, in October,- 1920, he was sales manager for the Standard Oil Company at Jackson, Tennessee ; Warren K., born in 1887, received from the National Association of Accountants, Washington, D. C., his technical recognition as a certified public accountant, and as an expert accountant he is now engaged in practice at Springfield ; Grace A., born in 1889, is the wife of Adolph F. Long, of Springfield ; Fred W. died in childhood ; LeRoy M., born in 1900, is bookkeeper for a representative business concern at Springfield. Mr. Williss is affiliated with the Ohio Commercial Teachers Association, the Ohio State Stenographers Association and the National Stenographers Association. In their home city he and his wife hold active membership in St. Paul's Methodist Episcopal Church. JOHN H. GOWDY. A typical representative of the best agricultural element of Clark County is found in the person of John H. Gowdy, a well-known butcher and farmer, who lives on his thirty-two acre farm on the line between Springfield and Moorefield townships. He has been a resident of this community for many years, and has various business interests in addition to being a progressive citizen. Mr. Gowdy was born November 5, 1857, in Champaign County, Ohio, and is a son of William and Elizabeth (Swartz) Gowdy. William GOwdy was born as Christiansburg, Champaign County, Ohio, a son of John and Betsey Gowdy, and was reared in his native community. From Champaign County he went to Urbana, Ohio, where he was residing at the time of President Lincoln's call for volunteers for the Union Army for service during the Civil war, and July 11, 1861, enlisted, becoming a member of Company H, Twenty-sixth Regiment, Ohio Volunteer Infantry. He was one of those to sacrifice his life on the altar of his country, for at the battle of Chattanooga he was badly wounded, and died in the army hospital October 2, 1863. A Vol. II-5 66 - SPRINGFIELD AND CLARK COUNTY man of sterling qualities, he had the respect of his officers and the friendship and esteem of his comrades. He and his wOrthy wife were the parents of four children, of whom three are living in 1922 : Sarah A., wife of Alfred Shaffer, Of Dayton, Ohio ; Carolina A., the wife of Gus Wiegel, of Tremont City, Ohio, and John H., of this review. John H. Gowdy was reared in Champaign County until he was seven years of age, at which time he was brought to Clark County. The death Of his father had left his mother in straitened financial circumstances, and as a result his education was very much restricted, being confined to several terms of attendance at the district schools. However, he made the most of his opportunities, and as he has been a man of keen observatiOn and a prolific reader he today possesses a practical education that is as valuable as that of many men who have enjoyed far greater advantages in the way of schooling. He wa only nine years of age when he began to wOrk on farms, and this formed his vocation until he was sixteen years of age, at which time he learned the trade of butcher. For about five years he worked for others at various places, but finally, when he had just passed his majority, he embarked in business on his own account, and has continued therein until the present, when he is the proprietor Of a successful and extensive business, both wholesale and retail. He bears an excellent reputation for industry and integrity, built up through years of honorable dealing with his fellows. On June 21, 1881, Mr. GOwdy was united in marriage with Miss Emma J. Fox, who was bOrn on the farm on which she and her husband now make their home, April 6, 1859, a daughter of Simon and Mary A. (Hause) Fox. They have no children. Mr. and Mrs. Gowdy are people Of religious tendencies, but have never made formal declaration of membership in any church, although they attend services regularly. Fraternally Mr. Gowdy is affiliated with Lodge NO. 455, Free and Accepted Masons, the Chapter and Council of Masonry, Palestine Commandery NO. 33, Knights Templar, and Antioch Shrine of Dayton, Ohio. In politics he is a democrat, but only takes a good citizen's part in public affairs, having never cared for nor sought public office. He has various business connections and is a stockholder in the American Motorist, Dayton, DaytOn Auditing Devices, and the Springfield Bond and Mortgage Company. DAVID V. TRIMMER. Agricultural methods have advanced amazingly during recent years, and machinery and equipment considered entirely adequate only a comparatively short time ago are now obsolete. That this is so is due to the progressive ideas and good judgment of such capable and farsighted agriculturists as David W. Trimmer, of Moorefield TOwnship, who has a snug farm of thirty acres in Moorefield Township, On which he is carrying on successful operations. Mr. Trimmer was born in Adams County, Pennsylvania, August 6, 1859, and is a son of Gibson and Catherine (Ulrich) Trimmer. Gibson Trimmer was born in Adams County, Pennsylvania, where he grew to manhood and received only meagre educational advantages. He married Catherine Ulrich, who was born in York County, Pennsylvania, and who, like her husband, had only scant opportuni- SPRINGFIELD AND CLARK COUNTY - 67 ties for the securing of an education. They were married in Adams County, where they made their home during the remainder of their lives, devoted themselves to the pursuit of farming and were highly esteemed members of their community. They belonged to the Methodist Episcopal Church. Mr. Trimmer served as a private in a Pennsylvania regiment of volunteer infantry during the Civil war, and during his four years of service established an honorable war record as a participant in numerous hard-fought engagements. In politics he was a republican. Mr. and Mrs. Trimmer were the parents of thirteen children, of whom four are living in 1922: Emma, the wife of Benjamin F. Miller, of Pennsylvania ; David W.; Ellen, the wife of Christ Schultz, of Pennsylvania, and Lewis, also a resident of the Keystone State. David W. Trimmer was reared in Pennsylvania until reaching the age of sixteen years, at which time he came to Ohio. He obtained a common school education, and on coming to Clark County began working on the farm for monthly wages during the summer months, while in the winters he was employed in a factory at Springfield. Mr. Trimmer married Miss Almeda May Buser, who was born in Pennsylvania and came to Ohio in young girlhood, receiving her education in the public schools. Mr. and Mrs. Trimmer resided at various places until 1900, when they located on the farm and have since made it their home. Their thirty-acre property is highly improved and has been made greatly productive, and the buildings are substantial and attractive. Mr. Trimmer operates as a general farmer, and is thoroughly at home in all departments of his vocation. He is likewise a man of sound integrity, who has the respect of his fellow-citizens because of his straightforward qualities and willingness to lend his aid to worthy community movements. Of the seven children born to Mr. and Mrs. Trimmer six are living in 1922: Catherine, a graduate of the Springfield High School, now the wife of James J. Cliborn, of Kentucky ; Gertrude, who attended high school for two years, and is now the widow of James Carnihan ; Murial, a graduate of the high school, living at home, who is a teacher in the Springfield public schools ; Raymond O., an employe of the railroad, living at the home of his parents, who was married and is the father Of one child ; George, a graduate of the Springfield High School, and also a graduate of the Art Institute of Chicago, who is now a resident of Chicago ; and Harold, who is single and assists his father in the work of the home farm. Mr. and Mrs. Trimmer are members of the First Baptist Church of Springfield, to the movements of which they are generous donators. Fraternally he is a popular member of the lOcal lodges of the Modern Woodmen of America, the Knights of the Golden Eagle and the Loyal Order of Moose. He is a republican in his political tendencies, but has never been a seeker of public office. LUTHER NEER. Included among the men who have assisted Clark County's agricultural development is Luther Neer, now a resident of Catawba and a citizen who is held in high esteem by his neighbors. He is one of the large property owners of Pleasant Township, and is modern in his tendencies and actiOns. 68 - SPRINGFIELD AND CLARK COUNTY Mr. Neer was born on a farm in Pleasant Township, Clark County, November 12, 1854, and is a son of Nathan and Mary A. (Hunter) Neer, and a great grandson of Henry Need. His grandfather, Amos Neer, was born in Loudoun County, Virginia, near Neerville, named in honor of the family, and was married there to Nancy Cunnard, a native of the same State. Together they came to Clark COunty, where they passed the remainder of their lives in farming. Their son Nathan Neer, father of Luther, was born in Pleasant Township, October 8, 1822, and passed his entire life within the borders of the county, where he applied himself to agricultural operations. He and his worthy wife, who was born in Pleasant Township, March 1, 1823, were the parents of seven children, namely : Levi, William H., Miranda E., Luther, Charles F., Alonzo W. and Laura J. Luther Neer was reared on the home farm in Pleasant Township and passed his boyhood and youth much the same as Other farmers' sons in his community, attending the district school in the winter seasons and working on the home farm during the rest of the year. Thus he continued until reaching the age twenty-one years, at which time he embarked in agricultural operations on his own account. He has been highly successful in his operations, and is now the owner of 525 acres of land, all located within the boundaries of Pleasant Township. Mr. Neer first married Miss Mary J. LOveless, who died in 1908, having been the mother of five children : Olive L., the wife of Van C. Tullis, and they have two children, Dorothy and Robert ; Nathan L., who is deceased ; Leonard J., who is a farmer and stOck raiser in Pleasant Township, married Crystal P. McClennan, and they have one child, Mary Jane ; Gladys R. is the wife Of Morris Lellis, and they have one child, Martha ; and Emerson J., who is assisting his father in the wOrk of the home place. Emerson J. Neer served in the American Army during the World war, and saw active service overseas as a member of the One Hundred and Thirty-seventh Aviation Corps. On January 10, 1917, Mr. Neer was united in marriage with Miss Laura M. Baldwin, who was born in Clark County, February 14, 1864, a daughter of George S. and Mary (Neer) Baldwin, the former born in Chester County, Pennsylvania, September 5, 1833, and the latter, in Pleasant Township, August 10, 1839. Mr. Baldwin came to Clark County in 1855, and he and Mrs. Baldwin were married here two years later. They became the parents of three children : Ella F., the widow of William 0. Shearer ; Laura M., who became Mrs. Luther Neer, and Howard J., who died October 10, 1893. Mrs. Neer, a graduate of the Marysville High School, was a teacher for several years prior to her marriage. Her father was a son Of JOhnson C. and Hannah (Speakman) Baldwin, and her mother was a daughter of Mahlon and Nancy (McConkey) Neer, the latter being a daughter of Archibald and Nancy (Michey) McConkey and a granddaughter of Archibald and Margaret (McDonald) McConkey, both of whom were born in Scotland and came to the United States as young people. Mr. and Mrs. Neer are members of the Methodist Episcopal Church, in which Mr. Neer is a member of the Board of Stewards. Mrs. Neer is a member of Magnetic Rebekah Lodge No. 258, of Marysville, Ohio. In politics both are republicans. SPRINGFIELD AND CLARK COUNTY - 69 MILTON CHENEY: One of the most substantial representatives of the farming interests of Clark County is Milton Cheney, of South Charleston. He has devoted upwards of half a century to his tasks and responsibilities, has prospered, owns a fine and well developed farm, and has rendered a great deal of community service in the intervals of his business career. Mr. Cheney was born on a farm in Madison Township, July 7, 1850, son of Jonathan and Matilda (Harpall) Cheney. His father was born near Mechanicsburg, Champaign County, Ohio, and his mOther, in Greene County. Jonathan Cheney after a common school education came to Clark County, located on a farm, and became widely known as a cattle man and stock trader. He was very successful and left a large property at his death. He was a member of the Universalist Church, was a charter member of the Madison Lodge of Odd Fellows and is also affiliated with Fielding Lodge No. 192, Free and Accepted Masons. He was a staunch republican in politics. His family consists of three children : William, deceased ; Rebecca, living in California, widow of Milton Young, and Milton. Milton Cheney had the training of a farm boy, was educated in the public schools, and was with his parents until the age of twenty-one. On April 27, 1871, he married Addie Sprague, a native of Harmony Township. Five children were born to their marriage : Mollie, wife of G. B. Hicks ; Miss Harriet B.; Pearl, who is city manager of South Charleston ; Howard L., superintendent and treasurer of a business at Franklin, Ohio ; Scott, who lives with his father. The daughter, -Miss Harriet B., has for twenty-one years been superintendent and manager of the local Telephone Company, and has proved an exceedingly capable business woman, handling all the buying and other duties of the management. Mr. Cheney's large and productive farm comprises 350 acres. He and his family are members of the Presbyterian Church. He is affiliated with Fielding Lodge No. 192, Free and Accepted Masons, is a past grand and past chief patriot in the Independent Order of Odd Fellows and a republican. His public service comprises thirty-twO years of membership on the School Board of Madison Township. For twelve years he served as township trustee, and in 1894 was elected and served two terms as a county commissioner. JAMES W. ROBERTS. The agricultural interests of Clark County are well represented in Moorefield Township by James W. Roberts, a member of one of the old and honored Clark County families, and a capable and experienced agriculturist Of modern tendencies. Mr. Roberts is also an active participant in public affairs, and at the present is a member of the Board of Trustees of Moorefield Township. Mr. Roberts was born on a farm near the site of his present home, March 6, 1865, and is a son of Thomas H. and Mary (Coffey) Roberts. His grandfather, James H. Roberts, was born in Virginia, of Welsh descent, and after receiving a public school education took up farming. In the Old Dominion he married fOr his first wife Miss Jane Wilson. They moved to near Cincinnati, Ohio, where Mr. Roberts began his career as the proprietor of a tannery, with a tan-yard on the Ohio River. His wife died in that community, leaving 70 - SPRINGFIELD AND CLARK COUNTY seven children. While residing there Mr. Roberts entered 250 acres of land in Moorefield Township, Clark County, but did not take up this property until 1819. Not long after settling there he married, November 22, 1820, Mary Wren, and they spent the remainder of their lives on the farm. They became the parents of ten children„ all of whom are nOw deceased. Thomas H. Roberts, who was the ninth in order of birth of his father's children by his second marriage, was born March 28, 1836, on the farm now occupied by his son Charles A. Roberts in Moorefield Township. He was educated in the country schools, and was united in marriage, March 26, 1863, with Miss Mary Coffey, who was born February 8, 1839, in Pleasant Township, Clark County. They passed the remaining years of their lives on the home farm, which they developed into a valuable property through industry and good management, and at the same time won and held the respect and esteem of the people of their community. They were the parents of six children, whose birth dates were as follows : Charles A., January 10, 1864 ; James W., March 6, 1865 ; Anna M., October 26, 1866; Elizabeth A., April 14, 1869 ; Lucy C., November 21, 1870, and May, November 29, 1878. Of these children four are living at present. James W. Roberts vas reared on the old home farm in Moorefield Township, where he assisted his father during the summer mOnths, and in the short winter terms went to the district school at Oakdale. He remained on the home place until reaching the age of twenty-seven years, when his father assisted him to a start in life at the time of his marriage, June 30, 1892, to Miss Blanche Baldwin, who was born July 15, 1871, in Kansas, and was reared at Washington, D. C., where her father was an attorney in the employ of the United States Government. Prior to her marriage Mrs. Roberts, who had secured a good public school education, was a teacher in the schools of Clark and Champaign counties, Ohio. Mr. and Mrs. Roberts are the parents of one daughter : Blanche B., who was born March 30, 1894. She has had excellent educational advantages, being a graduate of the Springfield High School, the School of Expression, Boston, Massachusetts, and the Springfield Business College, and is now serving capably as stenographer in the real estate Office of James and BOwer of Springfield. At the time of their marriage Mr. and Mrs. Roberts settled on his farm of sixty-five acres, on which he has since made numerous improvements, including a comfortable home and commodious barns and Outbuildings. He conducts his operations in a modern way, using up-to-date machinery and methods, and in his community is accounted an able agriculturist as well as a man Of business reliability and a citizen of public spirit. He is also the owner of a share in the home farm. A republican in his political sentiment, he has been interested in public affairs in the community for some years, and at present is serving capably and faithfully in the capacity of trustee of Moorefield Township and as a member of the local Board of School Directors. Fraternally he is affiliated with the Junior Order United American Mechanics. Mrs. Roberts is a member of and active worker in the Baptist Church. SPRINGFIELD AND CLARK COUNTY - 71 HARVEY E. MYERS, for a long period of years was in service in an executive capacity with cne of Springfield's greatest industries, the Robbins and Myers Company, and when he retired from business he took up responsibilities both pleasant and useful as a practical farmer. He is proprietor of the Beaver Creek Farm, a splendid place of 500 acres situated on the National Pike, eight miles east of Springfield. Mr. Myers was bOrn near Jamestown, Greene County, Ohio, July 27, 1866, son of Joseph and Susana (Long) Myers. His father was also born in the same county, was reared and educated there, and spent his active life on the farm near Jamestown. He had 160 acres, and was a very substantial citizen as well as successful farmer. He was a republican, served as township trustee and was a member of the Methodist Episcopal Church. Joseph Myers and wife had eight children : William A., and Henry C., deceased ; Louisa E., living at Springfield, widow of John H. Gano ; James A., and Charles A., deceased ; Laura B., widow of Frank Bryan ; John F., a farmer in Greene County, and Harvey E. Harvey E. Myers lived on the home farm in Greene County until he was nineteen years of age. While there he attended the common schools, and on going to Springfield he became a bookkeeper in the offices of the Robbins and Myers Company. Subsequently he acquired an interest in the business, and from 1886 to 1916, a period of thirty years, he was secretary and vice president of this corporation. Mr. Myers sold his interest and retired from the business in 1916, and since then has been devoting his time to the management of the Beaver Creek Farm, undoubtedly one of the best properties in the rural district of Clark County. March 28, 1889, Mr. Myers married Mary E. Griffith of Springfield. She was born on a farm in Clark County, July 26, 1866, daughter of Jeremiah and Lorena (Kelly) Griffith. Her father was born in Indiana, December 19, 1842, and her mother, in Greene County, Ohio, August 10, 1836. Mrs. Myers lived on the farm where she was born until she was twelve years of age, and then went to Springfield, where she completed her education. Mr. and Mrs. Myers have four daughters : Gladys, born April 28, 1893, a graduate of Wittenberg College and the wife of Rev. J. D. Wint ; Marjorie, born April 10, 1896, a graduate of Wittenberg Academy and Ohio Wesleyan University at Delaware, has been a bookkeeper and teacher in a business college ; Dorothy, born May 8, 1897, a graduate of the Plattsburg High School, is now wife of Ralph N. Agle, of Harmony Township, and Jean E., born November 27, 1908, attending the eighth grade of the public school. There was another child, Clarence, who died at birth. Mr. Myers and his family are members of the Central Methodist Episcopal Church of Springfield. Mrs. Myers has been very active in Sunday School and is teacher of the Woman's Bible Class. Fraternally he is affiliated with Anthony Lodge No. 456, Free and Accepted Masons, is a thirty-second degree Scottish Rite Mason in the Consistory of Dayton, a member of Antioch Temple of the Mystic Shrine at Dayton, is a past grand and one of the trustees of Ephraim Lodge No. 146, Independent Order of Odd Fellows, at Springfield, and is also a trustee of the Grand 72 - SPRINGFIELD AND CLARK COUNTY Lodge and a member of the Mad River Encampment. He and Mrs. Myers are members of Ivor Lodge of the Rebekahs. Politically he has always done his duty as a republican. JOSEPH E. DEITRICK has been a prosperous farmer of Clark County for a long period of years, and, while he has turned over the responsibilities to others, he still lives On his fine farm on the National Road, six miles east of Springfield. Mr. Deitrick was born in Montgomery COunty, Ohio, November 13, 1848, son of Joseph and Rachael (Armstrong) Deitrick. His father was born six miles northwest of Dayton, in Montgomery County, where his father had settled on coming to this country from Switzerland. Joseph Deitrick had a common school education and became a carpenter and contractor, and through that business amply provided for his family. He was a republican. His wife was born at Brownsville, Indiana, but from early girlhood lived in Montgomery County. They had a family of seven children, three now living, Joseph E., and two sisters : Elizabeth, widow of William Stutz ; and Mrs: Sarah Riley, also a widow. Joseph E. Deitrick was four years old when his mother died and eleven when his father passed away. After that he lived until he was grown in the home of George and Mary Cleppinger. He acquired a common school education, though he had to work for a living even as a boy. After leaving the Cleppinger home he worked on a farm in Champaign County, and from there came to Clark County. For seven years Mr. Deitrick managed the Baird farm, where his wife was born and reared and where they now reside. May 13, 1880, Mr. Deitrick married Carolina E. Baird, and she has lived in this community all her life. Mr. and Mrs. Deitrick are members of the Methodist Protestant Church, and he has been very active in that church. Peter C. Baird, father of Mrs. Deitrick, was born in Maryland, in 1792, while his wife was born in 1802. The Baird family moved from Maryland to Flemingsburg, Kentucky, and in 1807 came to Clark County, Ohio. Peter C. Baird entered the land comprising the farm where Mr. and Mrs. Deitrick reside. The farms owned by Mr. and Mrs. Deitrick comprise 300 acres in their home place, 165 acres adjoining Vienna, 110 acres at Brooks Station, and still another place of 174 acres. For a number of years they have rented these farms, and have taken life in comfort, spending much of their time in travel. EDGAR NEWTON LUPFER, president and general manager of the Springfield Metallic Casket Company, was born on the old homestead farm of the Lupfer family, just to the west of the original site of New Bloomfield, Perry County, Pennsylvania, a part Of the farm being nOw within the corporate limits Of that borough. He was born February 28, 1856, and is the eldest son of the late William and Hannah M. (Billow) Lupfer. His great-great-grandfather on the paternal side was Jacob Lupfer, who came to America from Wittenberg, Saxony, and passed three years in the present Montgomery County, Pennsylvania, whence he then remOved to Perry County, that state, in 1778. The land which he purchased in the latter county continued in the possessiOn SPRINGFIELD AND CLARK COUNTY - 73 Of the family until 1875, when it was sold by his great-grandson, William Lupfer. There is a legend that this entire tract was once purchased from the Indians for a string of beads and a bull calf. Jacob Lupfer, the original progenitor, came to America on the sailing vessel "Phoenix," which sailed from Rotterdam and which landed in the port of Philadelphia, November 22, 1752. On the ancestral homestead in Perry County four generations of the family were born, including the father of him whose name initiates this review. Casper Lupfer, son of Jacob, donated sites for cemeteries for both the Lutheran and Reformed Churches in his community, and his remains were interred in burial ground thus given to the Reformed Church. In the spring of 1861 William Lupfer, with his wife and their four children, came from Perry County, Pennsylvania, to Shelby, Ohio, where he engaged in mercantile enterprise. A year later he engaged in the same business at Shiloh, but in 1870 he sold his stock and business and returned to Pennsylvania, where he purchased the interests of the other heirs to the old homestead of his father, David Lupfer, who died in the spring of that year. In the fall of 1876 Mr. Lupfer again came with his family to Ohio, and on this occasion he established his home at Springfield, where he and his wife passed the remainder of their lives. When a lad of fourteen years Edgar N. Lupfer left the high school at Shiloh, Ohio, and entered the New Bloomfield Academy in Pennsylvania, in which he continued his studies from 1870 to 1873. He then entered upon an apprenticeship to the printer's trade in the office of the New Bloomfield Times, and after completing his three years' apprenticeship he wOrked four days and a half as a journeyman at his trade. After returning to Ohio he was associated with his father in the retail grocery business until 1884, when he was appointed general agent of the Superior Grain Drill Company of Springfield, which is now a part of the American Seeding Machine Company. In this position he had his headquarters at Harrisburg, Pennsylvania and had supervision of ninety-two agencies, in Eastern Pennsylvania, Delaware and Maryland. In the fall of 1884 he married Miss Elizabeth Ann Baker, and in the spring of the following year he returned to Springfield and purchased an interest in a firm recently organized to manufacture a newly patented metallic burial casket. In 1886 the Springfield Metallic Casket Company was incorporated, with Mr. Lupfer as its secretary. Ross Mitchell, president of the company, was born at Landisburg, Pennsylvania, twelve miles distant from the birthplace of Mr. Lupfer, and was a boy when his parents removed to Springfield, Ohio. In 1888 Mr. Lupfer became general manager, as well as secretary, of the Springfield Metallic Casket Company, and since October 16, 1917, he has been its president and general manager. The following statement has all of proved consistency : "Mr. Lupfer has, by his ability, progressive policies and effective management, brought his company not Only to a position Of leadership among the powerful corporations of Springfield, which is a great manufacturing city, but also to be one of the strongest, if not the strongest, concerns in its field of industry in the entire world." From an interesting paper read by Mr. Lupfer before the Rotary Club of Springfield in the autumn of 1921 are taken, with minOr elimination, the following quotations : 74 - SPRINGFIELD AND CLARK COUNTY "In the early part of 1884 the Springfield Metallic Casket Company was organized as a partnership, by Dr. A. A. Baker, D. R. Hosterman and Daniel B. Hiser, the last mentioned having been patentee Of a sectional cast-metal casket which would seal hermetically. The first little assembling shop, with office, was over Bauroth's machine shop in Walnut Alley, between High and Main streets, the room being about forty feet square. The officers were: Dr. A. A. Baker, president ; Ross Mitchell, vice president ; D. R. Hosterman, treasurer ; E. N. Lupfer, secretary ; S. E. Baker, general manager ; and Charles H. Hiser, superintendent. "It was in the fall of 1899 that our company purchased the Springfield Silver Plate Company, through the medium Of which casket hardware was added to our line. In the same year we purchased the plant known as the Driscol Buggy Company. To the parent plant we have added additions and also the erection of two separate factory buildings, one for the exclusive manufacture of steel grave-vaults, and the other containing" our mammoth drawing presses and dies. We have added to our line until we can supply every need of the funeral director. Our product consists of bronze, copper and sheet-ingot iron caskets. These sheet-metal caskets are manufactured in a great many sizes and a great variety of finishes. We manufacture about 100 styles. We manufacture also a line of cloth-covered wood caskets and casket hardware for other manufacturers. Our company ships goods all over the country, but is one of the few companies that does. We now have storage stocks and exhibit rooms in Los Angeles, Omaha, Kansas City and Detroit." The company gives continuous employment to a force of about 300 persons, and the concern is one of the largest of the kind in the world, its far reaching trade contributing much to the commercial prestige of Springfield. Mr. Lupfer is vice president of the Mad River National Bank, and a director in the Ohio State Life Insurance Company at Columbus, Ohio. Mr. Lupfer is a valued member of the Springfield Chamber of Commerce and the local Rotary Club, and holds membership also in the Lagonda and Country Clubs. He is a Knight Templar and thirty-second degree Scottish Rite Mason, and affiliated also with the Mystic Shrine. He is a communicant of the Protestant Episcopal Church. The first wife of Mr. Lupfer died March 23, 1916, and is survived by one son, Robert Newton Lupfer, who is secretary of the Elmwood Myers Company, of Springfield. He married Miss Ella Mason, of Detroit, Michigan, and they have one son, Edgar Baker Lupfer. On the 11th of January, 1919, was solemnized the marriage of Mr. Lupfer and Minnie L. Bergmann, of Madison, Wisconsin. WARREN K. BUFFENBARGER is a well known business man of South Charleston, where he is proprietor of the leading garage. He also has and manages some valuable farming interests in this section of Clark County. Mr. Buffenbarger was born on a farm in Green Township, August 6, 1883, son of Samuel and Florence (Baldwin) Buffenbarger. The Buffenbargers were one of the first families of Clark County. His grandfather, George Buffenbarger, was a native of Virgina and was one of the first settlers in Madison Township, where he located in 1806. Samuel Buffenbarger was born in Madison Township, July