(RETURN TO THE TITLE PAGE) CLINTON COUNTY, OHIO - 475 He continued in educational work until 1907, in the meantime having taught in the district school of Highland county three years as instructor in the eighth grade at New Vienna, two years as the principal of the schools at Reisville, six years as superintendent of the schools at Martinsville, and two and one-half years as superintendent of the schools in Blanchester. Upon the organization of the First National Bank of Blanchester, Mr. McVey was made cashier and assumed his duties on March 9, 1907. He has served continuously in this capacity ever since. On August 18, 1887, Alfred I. McVey was married to Anna M. Terrell, of Highland county, and to this union two children were born, Bessie and Jessie. The former died at the age of seventeen years, and the latter is a teacher in the Blanchester schools. The mother of these children died on December 9, 1891, and on June 5, 1894, Mr. McVey was married, secondly, to Mintha. M. Eaton, daughter of Joseph and Hattie Eaton, of New Vienna, Ohio. Mr. McVey is a member of the Knights of Pythias. He served as county school examiner of Clinton county from 1901 until sax months after he abandoned educational work and entered the Blanchester Bank. Mr. McVey is a member of the Friends church, and his daughter, Jessie, is a member of the Methodist Episcopal church. DAVID V. IRELAND, M. D. David V. Ireland, a prominent physician of Wilmington,. Clinton county, Ohio, was born near Bellville, Richland county, Ohio, on August 15, 1855, the son of David and Susan (Hoke) Ireland. David Ireland was born near Mt. Vernon, in Knox county, Ohio, in 1812 and died in October, 1854, and his wife, Susan Hoke, was born in eastern Pennsylvania in 1816 and died in February, 1889. On the parental side, Doctor Ireland is descended from Scotch and Irish ancestry. His grandfather, John Ireland, was born near Glasgow, Scotland. After marrying an Irish girl, John Ireland immigrated to the United States, settling near Mt. Vernon, Knox county, this state, where he acquired possession of the farm on which he and his wife spent the rest of their lives. On the maternal side, Doctor Ireland inherits Dutch blood, his Grandfather Hoke having been born in Holland and, soon after his marriage, immigrated to eastern Pennsylvania, where he engaged in farming for a few years. Later he moved to Knox county, Ohio, and there spent the remainder of his days. David Ireland was reared in Knox county and early in life learned the trade of a carpenter. He became proficient and had begun business as a contractor when the Mexican War broke out. He enlisted and served throughout that struggle, contracting a disease which later caused his death. After returning from the war, he bought a farm in Richland county, Ohio, but later located on a farm north of Fredericktown, in Knox county, where he spent the rest of his life. Though he managed his farm to advantage, he made most of his money by buying and selling farms, buying them at a reasonable figure and holding them until their value increased. He was an ardent Whig, but later joined the Republican party, in the advancement of which he took a deep interest. His wife was a member of the Christian church. Prior to her marriage to Mr. Ireland, she had been the wife of John Moree, who died leaving three sons, John, who was in the Union army during the Civil War and died of sickness at Knoxville, Tennessee, on the night of President Lincoln's assassination; Benjamin, a lawyer who lives hi Fredericktown, Ohio; and Amos, a farmer in Kansas. To David and Susan Ireland were born the following children : George N., born in March, 1850, who died in 1900, was a physician for fifteen years in Wilmington, after which he took a special course in diseases of the eye, ear and nose, in which he became a specialist and located in Steubenville, where his death occurred a short time after; Levi, who is a carpenter in Fredericktown, and Dr. David V., who is the youngest. 476 - CLINTON COUNTY, OHIO. David V. Ireland received his elementary education in the public schools of Fredericktown, graduating from the high school there and, during the following four years taught school in Knox and Highland counties. In 1878 he entered upon the study of medicine in the office of his brother, Dr. George N., at Wilmington, with whom he remained for three years and then attended the Cleveland Homeopathic College for one year. Later he matriculated in the Hanneman Medical College in Chicago, from which he, was graduated, and then located and practiced his profession for three years at Jamestown, Ohio. He then practiced at London, Ohio, for a number of years and then moved to Dayton, where, for four years, he was engaged in sanitarium work. The following four years he practiced at Chillicothe, Ohio, and in the fall of 1913 located in Wilmington, where he has since been engaged in the practice of his profession. His ability was quickly recognized and he is now in possession of a large and representative clientele there. Doctor Ireland is a member of the ,Southeastern Ohio Medical. Society, and in 1914, at Chicago, was elected president of the American Society for the Study of Spondylotheropy, or the real science of diagnosis by examining the spinal column. On January 1. 1883, Dr. David V. Ireland was married to Adda M. Weagley, who, was born in Bellville, Richland county, Ohio, daughter of William H. and Eleanor (Whitford) Weagley, the former of whom is a high-school teacher, now retired from active service. To this union were born six children, Fred V., an artist in New York City; Jessie, who died at the age of nine years; Georgiana, a kindergarten teacher in Montana ; Freda, a teacher of art and music in Michigan; George, a student in the Ohio State University and who is also faking second year's work in the Columbus Art School; and Lillian, who is a student in Wilmington College. Politically, Doctor Ireland is a Republican. The mother of these children died in February, 1899, and in September. 1914, Doctor Ireland married, secondly, Bess D. Umsted, a native of Ross county, Ohio. WILLIAM HALE. To write the personal records of men who have raised themselves from humble circumstances to positions of responsibility and trnst in a community is no ordinary pleasure. Self-made men who have achieved success by reason of their personal qualities and who have impressed their individuality upon the business and civic and commercial life of their place of residence possess an unconscious power for good which can hardly be estimated. Unwittingly, perhaps, they build monuments more enduring than marble obelisk or granite shaft. The venerable William Hale, who is descended from a long line of illustrious ancestors and who has been prominent in the political and agricultural life of Clinton county for a half century, but who is now living retired in Wilmington, undoubtedly belongs to this class of men. William Hale was born in what is now Adams township, but which was then called Vernon township, in Clinton county, Ohio, on November 11, 1835, the son of Jacob and Hannah (Andre) Hale, the former born in Guilford county, North Carolina, in 1800. and died in 1849, and the latter born in Adams township, this county, in 1812, and died in 1896. Jacob Hale was the son of Jacob and Martha Hale. The senior Jacob Hale was the son of Joseph and Ruth (Harlan) Hale, and was born in Chester county, Pennsylvania, on September 4, 1763. and died in Adams township, this county, on September 5, 1851. In 1786 he was married to Martha Harvey, who was born in Randolph county, North Carolina, on December 15, 1766, daughter of Isaac and ,Elizabeth (Carter) Harvey, and who died on June 23, 1859, in Adams township, this county. Jacob Hale. Sr.. grew up in Chester county. Pennsylvania, and about 1784 moved, with his brothers and sisters, to Randolph county, North Carolina, where be was married two years later. In 1808 CLINTON COUNTY, OHIO - 477 he removed, with his family, to this county and settled on Todd's fork in Union township. To Joseph and Margaret (Harvey) Hale were born eleven children, as follow : Samnel H., born on February 14, 1787, married Martha, Ward; Elizabeth, February 26, 1789, married James D. Massey; William, September 27, 1791, married Mariah Sabin; Eli, December 29, 1794, married Anne Hadley; Ruth, March 3, 1797, married John Hadley; Lydia. March 29, 1799, married John Harlan; Jacob, July 7, 1801, the father of William, the subject of this sketch, married Hannah Andrew; Martha, July 7, 1803, married Hiram Mendenhall; Joseph, July 9, 1804, was twice married, the first time to Rowena Harlan, and the second time to Sarah Sewell; Armoni, September 21, 1806, married Elizabeth Ewards, and Mary, September 26, 1810, married Isaac Roseberry. Before leaving Chester county, Pennsylvania, for North Carolina, Jacob Hale inherited a snug fortune and had a considerable amount of money when he arrived in North Carolina. In addition to owning a mill he also owned a five-hundred-acre tract of land on Brandywine creek in North Carolina. The battle of Cowpens was fought near his farm. On September 3, 1808, Jacob Hale and family left North Carolina with their ten children for Ohio, and after forty-two days on the road arrived at John Hadley's cabin in Adams township, this county, Mrs. John Hadley being a sister of Mrs. Jacob Hale. The Hadleys had twelve children, and the two families, comprising twenty-six persons, spent a part of the winter in Hadley's one-room cabin, or nntil Jacob Hale could erect a cabin farther up the fork. Being a brick mason, in 1815 be built a brick house overlooking Todd's fork, where he lived until his death, in 1851, at the age of eighty-eight years. He also built the Clinton county court house in 1816, a building of brick which was abont fifty feet square and for which he received one thousand dollars. The brick were made on the ground adjoining the court house. Both Jacob Hale and his wife were members of the Quaker church and in those early days in this county were prominent in the affairs of this church. The maternal grandparents of William Hale were Samuel and Delilah Andrew, both of whom were born in North Carolina and who were married there. In 1810 they located in Adams township, this county, and purchased a farm. They also were Quakers and had two sons and two daughters. Jacob Hale, Jr., grew up in what is now Adams township, this county, and throughout his entire life was a farmer. He owned a good farm and died at the age of forty-nine years, a Whig in politics and a member of the Friends church. His widow never remarried. William Hale, the subject of this sketch, was the eldest of three children born to his parents, the others being Snsanna, who married Alva Gallup, both of whom are deceased, and Alfred, who is deceased. William Hale was thirteen years old when his father died, and he was compelled to go to work with the responsibility of the head of the house, since he was the' eldest child. He worked on his mother's farm until his marriage, and soon afterwards purchased one hundred and thirty acres of land in Vernon township, where he lived a few years and then purchased two hundred and twenty-eight acres in Adams township. At this latter place he lived until March, 1915, when he retired and removed to Wilmington, at which place he lives in a comfortable home, which he purchased, on North South street. Practically all of his active life Mr. Hale was engaged in buying and shipping stock by the train load. During his active career he served eight years on the Clinton county board of agriculture and six years as county commissioner. For a few years he maintained an office in Ogden, Ohio, where he purchased grain and wool. On March 11, 1858, William Hale was married to, Mary M. Ent, who was born in Frederick City, Maryland, the daughter of George and Lydia Ent, the former a carriage 478 - CLINTON COUNTY, OHIO. maker and trimmer, who died in Martinsville, Clinton county, Ohio, where he was in business for some years. To Mr. and Mrs. William Hale have been born five children, all of whom are living. Orlando C. is a traveling salesman and lives in Cincinnati; Frank is a farmer in Vernon township; Flora married H. A. Coats and they live in Adams township on a farm; Charles is the mayor of Clarksville, Ohio Harry is a resident of Wilmington, where he is a hardware salesman. The venerable William Hale has lived a long and useful life in Clinton county. By his energy, foresight and wise management he has contributed to the progress of this section of the state. He is a worthy descendant of the far-seeing pioneer who sought a home in this great state. JAMES EDWARD BERNARD. To a great extent the prosperity of the agricultural sections of our country is due to the honest industry and the sturdy persistence and unswerving economy of the individual citizen. Among this class may be mentioned James Edward Bernard, who, by reason of his years of indefatigable labor and honest effort, not only has acquired a well-deserved competence, but has also won and retained the high esteem of all with whom he has ever been associated. James E. Bernard was born near New. Vienna, in Green township, Clinton county, Ohio, on April 11, 1868, a son of James K. and Keziah (McVay) Bernard, the former of whom was born in Green township, this county, in 1830, and died in September, 1907, and the latter of whom was born on January 18, 1838, and is still living. James K. Bernard was a. son of George W. and Harriet C. (McConnell) Bernard, both natives of Virginia, the former of whom was born in 1799 and came to Highland county, Ohio, with his parents, Thomas Bernard and wife, in 1805, the family being one of the first to settle in this region, George W. Bernard being six years old at that time. Later the family came to Clinton county, locating in Wayne township. They were members of the Friends church, and were excellent farmers and useful citizens. Mr. Bernard's maternal grandparents, Christopher and Martha McVay, also came from Virginia to Clinton county, where they located on a farm in Wayne township. The family were members of the Christian church, and took an active part in the affairs of that denomination. The late James K. Bernard was born on a farm in Clinton county and became a very prosperous farmer, having been the owner of eighteen hundred and fifty acres of land in Clinton county, comprising twelve farms in all, which land, with the assistance of his sons, he accumulated by his own personal efforts. Late in life he retired from ,active farm life and moved to New Vienna, where his death occurred. His widow still lives in New Vienna. Before his death, James K. Bernard divided his land among his children, of whom there were nine, James Edward being the sixth in order of birth. John R. lives on a farm in Green township. George W. is also a farmer in Green township. Harriett C., who married James Carey, lives on a farm in Green township Charles 0. is a farmer in the same township. Mattie, who married Lon Hildebrand, is a resident of Wilmington, her husband being retired. Christopher C. lives at Sabina, Ohio, where he is a retired farmer. Cora, who married Charles Johnson, lives in Green township, and Oscar is retired and living in New Vienna, Ohio. James Edward Bernard was educated in the district schools near his home; but his educational advantages were limited, since he was able to attend school only two months each year. At the age of twenty-three, Mr. Bernard was married, and began life for himself by renting land from his father for one year. The next year he purchased one hundred and seventy-five acres in Wayne township, where he lived for eighteen years, subsequently adding forty acres to the original tract. In 1908 he sold CLINTON COUNTY, OHIO - 479 his farm and removed to Wilmington, purchasing a farm near Clarksville, in Vernon township. In 1913 he sold this latter farm and purchased the Starbuck hardware store. After conducting this business for two years, Mr. Bernard sold out, in the spring of 1915, and, with his family, moved to Wilmington, where he purchased a comfortable house at 504 Walnut street, and he and his family now make their home there. On January 29, 1891, James E. Bernard was married to Emma Matthews, who was born in Clarksville, this county, the daughter of John W. and Olive Matthews, both of whom live at New Vienna, where the former is a retired farmer. To this union six children have been born, namely : Leone, born in December, 1893 ; Virgil, 1895; Stanley, 1897; George, 1899; Olive, 1901, and Harry, 1905. James Edward Bernard is a Democrat in politics, but owing to his extensive farming and business interests, has not taken an active part in political affairs. The Bernard family are all members of the Christian church. Fraternally, Mr. Bernard is a member of the Free and Accepted Masons, and of the Modern Woodmen of America. In Wilmington, where Mr. Bernard has lived for several years, he is recognized as an honorable and upright citizen and is quite popular among his fellow townsmen. He takes a commendable interest in worthy public movements, and is connected with all worthy public enterprises. FRANK W. LIEURANCE. Frank W. Lieurance, who is now living retired in Wilmington, formerly was engaged in farming in Washington township, this county, where for nineteen years he operated a farm owned by his father-in-law. During the past three years he has been an invalid, and during this period has suffered severely from rheumatism. He is a well-respected and highly honored citizen and is well known among his fellow townsmen, Frank W. Lieurance was born on March 29, 1860, in Clark township, this county, the son of Amos W. and Anna (Baker) Lieurance, the former of whom was born in the same township, in 1841, and is still living. It is a remarkable fact that Amos W. Lieu-ranee weighed sixteen pounds at the time of his birth. His wife was born in 1842, and is also still living. Mr. Lieurance's paternal grandparents were Alexander and Sallie (Bales) Lieurance, both of whom were born in North Carolina. Alexander Lieurance was three weeks old when his parents started from North Carolina to Ohio and he was carried on a pillow to their new home in Clark township, this county. After growing to maturity amidst pioneer surronndings, and receiving a meager education in the pioneer public schools, he became a farmer and lived to an advanced age in this county, rearing a family of two sons and three daughters, all of whom were members of the Baptist church. Mr. Lieurance's maternal grandparents were William and Sallie Baker, both of whom were born in this county, their parents having been among the very earliest settlers in Clark township, and members of the so-called Campbellite, or Christian church. William Baker owned two hundred acres of the home farm besides other land. Amos W. Lieurance grew up on the farm in Clark township, and after his marriage purchased a farm of one hundred and seventy-two acres in the same township, where he and his wife yet live. As a farmer for many years he has been engaged in raising and handling fine horses and is well known as a breeder and stockman. He is a Republican in politics and his wife is an ardent member of the Christian church. To them were born four children, of whom William, the second born, died at the age of sixteen years; Cloe married John Noftsger ; Frank W., the third born, and Stella, who married Alfred Graham. Frank W. Lieurance grew up on his father's farm in Clark township and until he was twenty-eight years old lived with his parents. Afterwards he rented a farm from his father-in-law in Washington township and for nineteen years was engaged in 480 - CLINTON COUNTY, OHIO. farming. In 1914 Mr. Lieurance removed to Wilmington, and there he now lives in a pretty home at the corner of Walnut and Birdsall streets. Mr. Lieurance is identified with the Republican party and has taken more or less active interest in the affairs of that party. In February, 1895, Frank W. Lieurance married Tude Skimmings, who was born in Washington township, this county, the daughter of John J. and Lucinda Skimmings, both of whom are deceased. Mr. and Mrs. Lieurance have no children. A successful farmer while he was engaged in that occupation, Frank W. Lieurance has always been rated as a first-class citizen, an honorable man, tolerant in his views and charitable to a fault. He is a man who, so far as he has been able, has lived strictly according to the precepts contained in the Golden Rule, and enjoys the respect and esteem of his many friends. MISS ELLEN C. WRIGHT. Descended ow both the maternal and paternal sides from men and women who have been prominent in the history of this country, and especially in the history of the Friends chnrch ever since the coming of William Penn to America, Miss Ellen C. Wright is a graduate of the first class which finished at Wilmington College, in 1875, and for forty years has been a teacher in Wilmington College. During this period she held the chair of Latin in this institution, and is now the librarian of the college. An ardent Friend, she is also a wonderful teacher, and is widely known as "Teacher Ellen." On her maternal side she is descended from Ellen Cowgill, a widow, who, with five children, was a passenger on the good ship "Welcome," which in 1682 brought William Penn to America. Ellen Cowgill was the great-great-great-great-grandmother of Miss Ellen C. Wright, her maternal grandfather, Henry Cowgill, having been the son of Henry II, who was the son of Henry I, who was the son of John, who was the son of the aforesaid Ellen Cowgill. Miss Wright's father and mother were Joseph and Lydia (Cowgill) Wright, and on her paternal side she is also descended from substantial Quaker ancestry. Her father was born on November 24, 1812, and died on November 2, 1907. Her mother was born in Highland county, Ohio, on December 24, 1815, and died on February 10, 1892, Joseph Wright was the son of John and Hannah (Gilbert) Wright, the former of whom was born in Bedford county, Virginia, and who was the son of Joseph and Elizabeth Wright, who moved from Bedford county, Virginia, to Columbiana county, Ohio. The father of Joseph Wright, Sr., was a large slave owner, bnt remarked that Joseph had gone to Ohio and joined the Quakers and "would not want my property," so Joseph, Sr., got none from his will. Hannah (Gilbert) Wright, who was born in Louden county, Virginia, was the daughter, of Joseph and Ann Gilbert, who removed from Louden county, Virginia, to Columbiana county, Ohio, after Hannah was grown. John and Hannah (Gilbert) Wright were farmers and early settlers in Highland county, Ohio. John died about 1821, and after his death his widow married Samuel Coffin, both of whom lived to a good old age. Henry and Eleanor (Barrett) Cowgill, who were the parents of Miss Wright's mother, were both natives of Virginia, and married in 1794 in Franklin county. After their marriage they removed to Culpeper county, Virginia, and lived on a farm for thirteen years, after which they removed to Paint township, Highland county, Ohio. Miss Wright's mother was the youngest of ten children, all of the members of the family having been Friends. John Wright, the grandfather of our subject, was a well educated and well informed man, who taught school and preached in the Quaker church. Ile was also a farmer by occupation. Joseph and Lydia (Cowgill) Wright were married on July 1, 1841, and celebrated their golden wedding anniversary on July 1, 1891. Joseph Wright was five years of age when his parents removed from Virginia to Highland county, Ohio. He re- CLINTON COUNTY, OHIO - 481 ceived a good education, having attended the Harveysburg high school, after which he taught school eight years in Highland county, Ohio. A farmer later *in life, he purchased a farm located. near Clear Creek, Ohio, and paid for it gradually. He was a stanch Quaker, and in 1855 was recorded as a minister by the Clear Creek monthly meeting. Later hundreds of people were converted as the result of his labors. He preached many funerals and married many couples, and was one of the founders of Wilmington College, of which for twenty years he was one of its board of managers. He preached regularly at his own meetings and in early life drew no pay for it, since the. Quakers believed that the Gospel .ought to be freer Joseph and Lydia (Cowgill) Wright were the parents of seven children ; Lindley Mnrrey died at the age of five years and four months; Henry C., who is deceased, was a dealer in vehicles in Hillsboro, Ohio ; Eleanor C., who is better known as Ellen, is the subject of this sketch; David S. lives at Cedar Falls, Iowa, where for forty years he hag been a teacher of mathematics in the Iowa State Teachers College; Jonathan B. lives in Wilmington, and for twenty years taught in Wilmington College, and later for several years in the Wilmington high school ; Elwood, who is deceased, was a farmer And owned a saw-mill; Emma married Alfred Hale, who died in November, 1914, and who was a farmer by occupation; his widow, Mrs. Emma Hale, lives with Miss Wright in her home on Fife avenue, which Miss Wright built in 1894. Miss Ellen Wright attended the public schools of Highland county, Ohio, and later Earlham College at Richmond, Indiana, which is a well-known educational institution maintained by the Friends church. Subsequently, she entered Wilmington College, which had just been opened, and four years later was graduated with the first class. During 1887 and 1888 she was a student at Bryn Mawr College. After Miss Wright's graduation, from Wilmington College she began teaching in the college and has taught there ever since, a period of forty years. As heretofore noted; she occnpied the chair of Latin, and is now the librarian of the college. An ardent and faithful member of the Friends church, Miss Wright is also one of the most successful teachers who has ever figured in the educational life of Clinton county, and especially in the educational life of Wilmington College. Her good work during a period of almost a half century can scarcely be overestimated, yet there are scattered over this country thousands of young men and women who would gladly add their blessing to the beloved spirit which guided them in their younger days. Long popular with the faculty and the students, "Teacher Ellen," from standpoint of effective and useful service, is unsurpassed by any other person living in this county. JONATHAN M. RICHARDSON. Ohio has been especially honored in the character of her industrial managers and directors. In every section of the state men have lived who were born to leadership in industry; men who dominated because of their superior intelligence, natural endowment and force of character. It is always profitable to consider the careers of such persons, and to weigh their motives and to discover their intimate interests. The late Jonathan M. Richardson, a man who forged his way to the front ranks in the industrial life of Clinton county, was broad-minded and liberal and never permitted his business to interfere with his larger duties as a citizen. Successful in business as he was, he had other interests to which he devoted a considerable portion of his time. In this county he will long be remembered as one of the earnest and intelligent collectors of pre-historic relics. Jonathan. M. Richardson was born in Dayton, Ohio, in July, 1826, and died on June 6, 1907. He was a son of Dr. Jacob and Henrietta (Harwood) Richardson, the latter of whom was born in England, and who, when a child, was brought to America (31) 482 - CLINTON COUNTY, OHIO. by her parents. She died in Dayton, Ohio, when Jonathan M. was a mere lad. Jacob Richardson was born in Fredericktown, Maryland, and was of English descent. He was graduated from. the United States Naval Academy at Annapolis, but after his graduation left the naval service and studied medicine. He began the active practice of his profession at Chillicothe, Ohio, where he remained only a short time. He was a physical giant, six feet two inches tall in his stocking feet. After leaving Chillicothe Doctor Richardson practiced his profession at Dayton, Ohio, for several years, and after the death of his wife married, secondly, Jane Johnson, subsequently moving to Waterloo, Fayette county, Indiana. In this latter county he owned a large saw-mill, as well as a large farm. Later he moved to Wilmington, Ohio, and purchased a drug store on the site of what is now Farquhar's grocery, and divided his time between conducting the drug store and the practice of his profession. He also lived at Sabina, Ohio, for a short time, and later removed to Grant county; Indiana, where he pnrchased one hundred and eighty acres of land, continuing, however, the, practice of medicine. He also practiced in Nashville, Tennessee, and later at Bainbridge, Ohio, near which city he owned a farm of one hundred and sixty acres. He died at Carrytown, Ohio, many years ago. The late Jonathan M. Richardson studied medicine under his father's direction and assisted him in operating the drug store in Wilmington. He practiced medicine for a year, but did not like the practice and later attended an architectural school at Cincinnati, becoming a contractor and builder in Wilmington. He erected the main building of Wilmington College, the First National Bank building, the Catholic church, and practically every large dwelling erected in Wilmington while he was engaged in business. His home was in a magnificent brick house on West Locust street, built in 1865. He was the first man in southern Ohio to engage in the wholesale hardwood-lumber business and owned and operated at one time six portable saw-mills. He sawed timber throughout this country and had three lumber yards, in which he handled fancy timber and veneer goods. About 1894 he retired from active business life, being succeeded by his sons. Few men have hobbies in which they are able to accomplish so much as the late Jonathan M. Richardson accomplished as a collector of Indian and cave-dwellers' relics. He is said to have had the best collection of any person living in Ohio. With the assistance of his sons he explored many mounds throughout Ohio and obtained a wide variety of interesting relics. In 1879 Mr. Richardson, in collaboration with Dr. L. B. Welsh, published "An Illustrated Description of Pre-Historic Relics Found Near Wilmington, Ohio," a nine-page pamphlet, in which are described several tablets found in the Sparks mound, located on the road leading from Wilmington to Harveysburg. The various tablets found by Mr. Richardson, together with the charges of fraud made against similar discoveries, provoked him to say in this pamphlet : "We do unhesitatingly say that in these tablets the fact is well established that pre-historic man upon this continent possessed a written language; not a pictorial language, but a language composed of different distinct characters, well and plainly written." Jonathan M. Richardson was one of a family of four children, and was the second in order of birth. His elder brother, John W., was a physician in Wilmington and other places. His sister, Clarinda, married Morris Green, a wagon-maker and painter, of Clinton, Illinois. Harwood was a farmer in Greene county, Ohio, where he died. He had lived in Wilmington for twenty-five or thirty years before moving to Greene county. Jonathan M. Richardson was married to Mary Jane Davis, who was born near the Cumberland mountains in Tennessee in 1829, and died in 1898. She was a daughter of James Davis, a native of Tennessee and a farmer by occupation, who moved to this county, where he Tided for a short time, and then located in Howard county, Indiana. where he owned and operated a farm. He and his wife were members of the Quaker church. At the age of eighty-two, be fell off a foot log over a slough and was drowned, CLINTON COUNTY, OHIO - 483 To Jonathan M. and Mary Jane (Davis) Richardson were born two sons, James E. and Frank. James Richardson was born in what is now Wilmington, Ohio, but in a part of the city which was, at the time of his birth, outside the corporation limits, on the old plank road, on June 29, 1859. He attended the public schools of Wilmington and Wilmington College. When a young man he became a timber buyer for his father. Finally he and his brother, Frank, were taken into the lumber business with their father under the firm name of J. M. Richardson & Sons, and carried on a wholesale hardwood-lumber business, handling fancy lumber for a number of years. When the father retired from business the two sons continued under the old firm name. Jonathan M. Richardson owned two hundred acres of land at the edge of Wilmington, and his sons, who inherited the farm jointly, manage it together, as well as the lumber business. In August, 1777, Frank Richardson was married to Jessie Crute, who was born at Waverley, Pike county, Ohio, daughter of James and Ruanna Crute, both of whom are deceased, and to this union two children have been born, Nellie, who married George Preston, and Mary, who is living at home with her parents. Frank Richardson is a Republican and served four years as a member of the Wilmington city council. Fraternally, he is a member of the Benevolent and Protective Order of Elks and the Junior Order of United American Mechanics. James E. Richardson, who was born on April 20, 1850, attended the public schools of Wilmington, and learned the carpenter's trade after finishing his education. He became a lumber buyer for his father under the firm of J. M. Richardson & Sons, and is now in joint partnership with his brother, Frank, in the management of the farm which they inherited from their father, on which they keep some splendid draft horses and also raise Wilkes-bred trotting horses, and are accustomed to sell the colts at a good profit. The Richardson brothers also raise Poland China hogs and registered Jersey cattle. James E. Richardson was married on February 7, 1889, to Minnie Ferguson, who was born in Warren county, Ohio, daughter of James and Anne (Seaman) Ferguson, both deceased. Mr. and Mrs. James Richardson have no children. Frank Richardson lives in the brick house on West Locust street, in Wilmington, which his father built, and which is a splendid example of his wonderful workmanship. It is finished in fine cherry, mahogany and black walnut, all woods having been taken from Clinton connty's forests. The 'Richardson family is rightly held in high esteem in Clinton county where the various members of the family are well known. For generations representatives of this family have been highly educated, cultured and refined people, men who have taken a commendable part in the development and progress of this great county. J. WARREN GUSTIN. It is a happy day when farm and city work in unison and produce lives of helpful-service. J. Warren Gustin, the subject of this sketch, was a good farmer who came to the city and proved sufficiently his worth to the people that they elected him to their highest office, mayor of their city. J. Warren Gustin was born in Warren county, Ohio, on September 28, 1847. He was the son of Samuel and Hettie (Freiberger) Gustin, both natives of Warren county. Samuel Gustin was born in Warren county in 1811, and died there in 1898 at the ripe age of eighty-seven years. He was the son of Abiel and Mary Gustin who were natives of Virginia but came as early pioneers to Warren county, Ohio, where they lived the rest of their lives. Hettie (Freiberger) Gustin was born in Warren county, Ohio. in 1817, and died in Blanchester. in Clinton county, in 1881. She was the daughter of Jacob and Elizabeth Freiberger, early pioneers of Warren county. Ohio. Samuel Gustin was a 484 - CLINTON COUNTY, OHIO. Republican in politics, and an active member of the Free Will Baptist church. To him and Hettie (Freiberger) Gnstin were born the following children: Sallie; Rebecca, deceased; J. Warren, the subject of this sketch; Carrie; Elma, deceased; Luella, and William S. J. Warren Gustin was reared on his father's farm. He was educated in the public schools of that connty but was not satisfied with only this amount of an education so he attended Goshen Seminary in Clermont county and afterwards the Nelson commercial school of Cincinnati, Ohio. His parents were strong advocates of education and J. Warren Gustin had one brother and three sisters who were teachers in the public schools, but he, after his education was secured, went back on the farm where he worked until in 1885. He then came to Blanchester to engage in the hardware business, in which business he continued until in 1907. He is now secretary of the building and loan association of Blanchester and still continues to own and conduct his farm in Warren county. Mr. Gustin is a Republican and has been a member of the city council and city treasurer and was, elected to the office of mayor of Blanchester and took this office, which he now holds, on Jannary 1, 1914. He is a member of the Masonic order and is a Knight Templar. J. Warren Gustin was married in 1875, to Ella Rice, of Clinton county, who was a daughter of John W. and Martha (Trickey) Rice, both of whom are now deceased. To this union were born two children : Harry, who is now with the Brownwell Brush and Wiregoods Company, at Baltimore, Maryland, and Lucy, who is the wife of Edward W. Hawk, who is assistant manager of the New Gibson House, of Cincinnati, Ohio. ANDREW JACKSON WILSON. Among the men who have been largely instrumental in bringing Clinton county to its present sound and substantial financial status few are better known throughout the county than the gentleman whose name is noted above. Mr. Wilson is not only a banker of rare judgment and discretion, but as a farmer he ranks among the best in the county, having for many years been regarded as one of the most substantial and progressive farmers in this part of the state. Though for some years practically retired from the active personal direction of his large agricultural interests, Mr. Wilson still is deeply concerned in all that affects the farmers of this county, and no one hereabout is better versed in the various problems confronting the modern agriculturist than is he. Mr. Wilson has been prominently identified with the banking and financial interests of Clinton connty for many years and has a thorough and most comprehensive grasp of conditions affecting the welfare of the whole commnnity. Beginning as a director of the First National Bank of Wilmington, in the year 1879, Mr. Wilson was advanced to the post of vice-president of that old financial institution in 1889, and in 1895 was made president of the same, a position which he since has filled with the utmost satisfaction, not only to the stockholders, but to the depositors, all of whom have the most implicit confidence in his judgment and sagacity. Andrew Jackson Wilson was born on a farm one-half mile from the place where he now lives, in Union township, Clinton county, Ohio, on April 15, 1842, son of Alexander and Sarah (Ireland) Wilson, the former of whom was born in Lancaster county, Pennsylvania, in the year 1803, and died at his home in this county in 1895, and the latter of whom was born in Georgetown, Kentucky, in 1802, and died in 1869. Alexander, Wilson was the son of Samuel Wilson, a native of Scotland, who emigrated to America in the days of his young manhood, locating in Pennsylvania, where for a time he was engaged in farming in Lancaster county. In the early twenties of the last century he came west, locating with his family in this county. He bought one hundred acres of land on the Prairie road, about five miles east of Wilmington, and CLINTON COUNTY, OHIO - 485 there he spent the rest of his life, becoming, in his day, one. of the most influential men in that neighborhood, living to the age of sixty years. Samuel Wilson and his wife, the latter of whom was a member of one of the earliest families in this county, were the parents of five children, three sons and two daughters. Alexander Wilson was about twenty years of age when his parents moved to this county and he at once entered upon the life of a pioneer farmer. Beginning with nothing but a stout heart and sound resolution, he prospered beyond most of his neighbors. At first he was a tenant farmer in a small way, but presently bought a farm of his own, erecting on the same a store building on the Washington pike, five miles east of Wilmington. This store, which filled "a long-felt want" in that neighborhood, proved the foundation of the fortune which Alexander Wilson amassed. As he prospered in his commercial enterprise Mr. Wilson invested in lands in that neighborhood, and presently found himself the owner of about one thousand acres of land in Union township. He made his home on the site at present occupied by the fine residence of his son, A. J. Wilson. He and his wife were members of the Christian church, he having been very largely instrumental in the organization of the Christian church which was erected many years ago in the vicinity of his home, he having been for years one of the heaviest contributors to the same. To Alexander and Sarah (Ireland) Wilson were born eight children, namely. William, for years a well-known farmer of this county, deceased; Catherine, deceased, who married John Glass; Sarah, deceased, who married Levi Bennett; 'John, of North Judson, Indiana ; Alfred, deceased, a former well-known farmer of this county; George, who died at the age of twenty-two years; Jane, who married Wilson McFarland and lives in Wilmington, this county, and Andrew Jackson, the immediate subject of this sketch. Andrew Jackson Wilson was reared on the home farm in Union township, receiving his education in the district school in the neighborhood of his home, and upon reaching manhood's estate began to take active management of the home farm of two hundred acres, the entire responsibility of his father's extensive operations falling upon his shoulders as his father grew older. Upon his father's death Mr. Wilson inherited a tidy bit of land, to which he later added by purchase, until now he is the possessor of eight hundred and twenty acres, all adjoining, in Union township. In 1870 Mr. Wilson erected a fine new home on the site of his birthplace and has lived there ever since. For years he continued in active personal management of his extensive farms, but gradually relinquished many of the arduous duties relating to these operations, and now all his land is tilled by responsible tenants. Mr. Wilson ever took an active interest in public affairs and early was recognized as a substantial factor in the financial affairs of the county. On January 14, 1879, he was made a director of the First National Bank of Wilmington, and on January 8, 1889, was elevated to the position of vice-president of the same, a position involving practically the active control of the bank, from the fact that the president of the same was a non-resident, his home being in Cincinnati. On January 8, 1895, Mr. Wilson was elected president of the bank, and since that time has been nominally as well as actually in charge of the bank's affairs, a position of trust and responsibility, for which he long had displayed the highest capacity, his sound judgment and thorough acquaintance with financial, commercial and industrial conditions in this part of the state giving him eminent qualifications for the important post. On May 10, 1863, Andrew J. Wilson was united in marriage to Hannah J. Custis, who was born in Union township, this county, within one mile of where she now lives, daughter of Douglas and Pernina Custis, a prominent family of Clinton county, a detailed history of which is set out in a biographical sketch of Levi Custis, brother of Mrs. Wilson, presented elsewhere in this volume. Mr. and Mrs. Wilson are members of the Walnut Street Christian church at Wilmington, of which Mr. Wilson was a trustee for many years, and they are actively con- 486 - CLINTON COUNTY, OHIO. cerned in all good works hereabout, having been for years regarded as among the leaders in all movements designed to advance the common good. Mr. Wilson formerly was a Democrat, but in 1888 transferred his political allegiance to the Republican party, since which time he has taken an active part in the councils of that party in this county, his sound judgment being considered valuable by the party managers. During the Civil War, Mr. Wilson was enrolled among that patriotic band of home defenders known locally as "squirrel hunters," and played a prominent part in that organization during the period of its existence. In 1898 Mr. Wilson conceived the idea of erecting at his own expense a steel tower on the court house corner, which should stand as a monument to his interest in the city of Wilmington. Work on the structure was begun on Friday, September 30, 1898, and it was dedicated with appropriate service. The tower is constructed of steel and rises to a height of one hundred and fifty feet. A striking feature is a cement platform built in the tower at a distance of ten feet from the ground. This is used for the weekly band concerts, which are given by the city band during the summer season. The tower is lighted from top to bottom with electric lights of varying colors and presents a brilliant appearance when lighted up, having a circle of lights at the extreme top. The people are justly proud of the Wilson tower and have the satisfaction of knowing that no other city in the country has such a structure. It is also used for a flag tower. There are two clocks in the new time system at the First National Bank. One is a master clock that hangs on the north wall of the main banking-room and the other is the dial and frame that stand without. The inside clock controls the outside one, and together they work out a plan that insures perfect time for the employees of the bank, and the outside world as well. The outer clock bears the words, "The First National Bank, Established 1864." Day and night, the new clock tells the time accurately. It is placed so that from almost any direction it can be seen. With a clock striking the quarters and the hours by a series of four chimes, there is little use for other timepieces in the same neighborhood. President A. J. Wilson, of the First National Bank, is responsible for the innovation; he presented the timepiece, the inside and outside clocks, to the bank and to the public. Mr. Wilson has been appointed one of the board to locate and build the Clinton county new court house in conjunction with the commissioners of the county. Though having passed the three-score-and-ten stage of his career, Mr. Wilson is alert and active, enterprising, progressive and energetic, and his influence in financial circles in this section continues as strong and effective as it was years ago. That he has been an invaluable factor in the financial and commercial life of this county is conceded on all sides, and he is held in the highest respect throughout this section of the state, the leaders in the business community having the utmost confidence in his judgment in financial matters. HENRY GILROY CARTWRIGHT. Henry Gilroy Cartwright, one of the well-known lawyers of Wilmington and Clinton county, who has been in partnership with Joe T. Doan for many years, is descended from pioneers of this section of Ohio who had a conspicuous part in its early history. Some of his ancestors were prominent Abolitionists, and before the Civil War assisted in the maintenance of the "underground railroad." Mr. Cartwright himself is a man who was well trained for the practice of his profession, and who, as one of the leading Republicans of Clinton county, has been active in the political and civic life of the county. Henry G. Cartwright was born at New Burlington, In Chester township, this county, on September 24, 1873, a son of Henry G. and Mary L. (Harrison) Cartwright, the former CLINTON COUNTY, OHIO - 487 of whom was born at Front Royal, Frederick county, Virginia, on March, 1837, and died on November 8, 1893. The latter was born at Springfield, Ohio, in February, 1839, and died on April 2, 1907. Mr. Cartwright's paternal grandparents were Lawrence W. and Lucinda (Tobin) Cartwright, both of whom were natives of Virginia and of English descent. Lawrence W. Cartwright learned the tailor's trade, and was engaged in that -vocation at Front Royal, Virginia. In 1850 he and his family removed to New Burlington, Clinton county, Ohio, and there he conducted a general store and served as postmaster for many years. In the early days he had been a stanch Whig, and later became identified with the Republican party. His family were active members of the Methodist Episcopal church, and he was an officer in that church. He died at the age of seventy-nine, while his wife died in middle life. After her death he was again married, and his second wife died a few years later. There were three children by each marriage. Mr. Cartwright's maternal grandfather was Peter Harrison, a native of Yorkshire, England, whose wife was a native of Mississippi. He was a cabinetmaker, undertaker, and a lay Methodist Episcopal minister. He came to the United States at the age of eighteen and located in Waynesville, Ohio, later removing to Springfield, from which place he came to this county and lived at New Burlington for many years. He was a strong Abolitionist and was identified with the "underground railroad" movement in the years preceding the Civil War. At the age of seventy years he removed to Hall county, Nebraska, and Harrison township in that county, where he homesteaded a quarter section of land, was named for him, and there he died at the age of eighty years. Henry G. Cartwright was thirteen years of age when his family came to this county and here he received a good education. When a lad he worked as a clerk in the John Grant general store at New Burlington, and at the beginning of the Civil War, enlisted for service in the Second Ohio Heavy Artillery, serving until his discharge for physical disability. In the spring of 1874 Henry G. Cartwright opened a dry goods and shoe store in partnership with John C. Cook, at Wilmington, and a few years later purchased the interests of Mr. Cook and operated the store alone, under the name of the "Eagle Store," continuing as proprietor of the store until his death in 1893. He was a Republican and took an active interest in all local public affairs. The family were all members of the Methodist Episcopal church. Of the four children born to Henry G. and Mary L. (Harrison) Cartwright, Harry died in infancy; Henry Gilroy is the subject of this sketch; Aurora C. is a resident of Wilmington, and Charles B., also is a resident of Wilmington, where he works in a dry goods store. Henry G. Cartwright as a lad lived in Wilmington and there attended the public schools. He was graduated from the Wilmington high school in 1892, and subsequently entered Wilmington College. Still later he became a student at Ohio State University at Columbus and was graduated from the law department of that institution in 1895. For several years he practiced his profession alone, but in 1904, formed a partnership with Joe T. Doan, which still continues. Mr. Cartwright served as city solicitor of Wilmington for two years, and for twelve years has been a member of the Wilmington board of education. He has served as a delegate to many conventions of the Republican party, with which he has for years been prominently identified. On November 25, 1896, Henry G. Cartwright was married to Anna G. Gallup, who was born in Wilmington, the daughter of Horace and Frances H. Gallup, the former of whom is deceased, but the latter of whom is still living. To this union one child has been born, a son, Herman G., horn on March 19, 1898, who is now a student in the Wilmington high school. Mr. and Mrs. Cartwright are members of the Presbyterian church. Mr. Cartwright is a director and secretary of the Union Loan and Savings Company, of Wilmington, and is a member of the Masonic lodge, including the chapter, the council and the Order of 488 - CLINTON COUNTY, OHIO. the Eastern Star. He is also a member of the subordinate branch and uniform rank of the Knights of Pythias, besides the Benevolent and Protective Order of Elks. Mr. Cartwright is a man well versed in the law and is familiar, not only with the fundamental principles upon which the law is based, but with all of the modern decisions of practically all the courts in which he practices, besides the higher courts. He is a wise and fair counsellor and a successful practitioner in court, his firm enjoying a large practice, which has been built upon honorable and fair dealing with the public. Personally, Mr. Cartwright is highly respected by his fellow citizens, and is popular among the people of Clinton county. WILSON HUNNICUTT. The farmers of this country are the backbone of its commercial life, and, as primary producers, are the class upon which, not only the industrial managers, the transporters, the merchants and the banks depend largely for the prosperity, but good farming is likewise the keel of our commercial life and happiness. Wilson Hunnicutt, a retired farmer who is now living in Wilmington, began with a moderate-sized farm, which he bought on credit, and during his active career was able to accumulate six hundred acres in Liberty and Union townships, a very commendable record, and one of which he has every reason to be very proud. Wilson Hunnicutt was born on August 18, 1848, in Liberty township, two miles southwest of Port William, the son of Thomas and Susanna (Bailey) Hunnicut, the former of whom was born in Prince George county, Virginia, July 10, 1811, and who died on April 10, 1876, and the latter born near Dover, Union township, Clinton county, Ohio, February 9, 1810, and who died on October 15, 1896. The paternal grandparents of Wilson Hunnicutt were Thomas, Sr., and Elizabeth Hunnicutt. The Hunnicutts were of Scotch-Irish descent and were natives of Prince George county, Virginia. He was a planter in Virginia and died in that state on February 15, 1823, a man well respected and widely known. His wife lived several years longer, passing away in 1845. They were prominent and influential members of the Friends church and were, therefore, opposed to slavery, although they lived in a region where slavery was common. Mr. Hunnicutt's maternal grandparents- were Daniel and Mary (Haworth) Bailey, the former of whom was born in Prince George county, Virginia, and the latter of whom was a native of Union township, Clinton county. Daniel Bailey came to Clinton county in 1804, at a time when he was a young man. Here he purchased a farm four miles north of Wilmington and cultivated it until his death in 1844. He was a very tall, stoutly built and rugged man. The family of Daniel and Mary Bailey were stanch Quakers. Thomas Hunnicutt, Jr., enjoyed only limited opportunities to obtain an education, but made good use of every opportunity presented to him, and became a well-informed man, largely by home study. When he was sixteen years of age he came to Clinton county, arriving on June 10, 1827, from Virginia, with his mother, brothers and sisters and a colony of others. His mother purchased a farm of one hundred acres in Liberty township, and, after Thomas, Jr., was a man, he purchased a tract of land located in what was in those days a swamp, one mile north of his mother's farm. He began with seventy acres of land, which he ditched thoroughly and improved, and later he owned six hundred acres. In 1835 he was married to Susanna Bailey and they had eight children. Thomas Hunnicutt, Jr., was well known as a stock raiser, and was appointed on many committees at fairs to judge hogs, he having been a successful feeder and well known in this comity for his success. He and his wife were devout Christians and active in the work of the Quaker church. Early in life he had been appointed an elder in the Dover monthly meetings. Politically, he was identified with the Republican party. The eight children born to Thomas, Jr., and Susanna Hunnicutt became widely sep- CLINTON COUNTY, OHIO - 489 arated. Four of the children, Catherine. David, John Oliver and Anna Eliza, are deceased. Catherine married William Underwood, also deceased, and lived in Liberty township. John Oliver died in 1874. Anna Eliza, who was the youngest, married Henry C. McPherson, who is also deceased. The living children are Daniel B., Mary Elizabeth, Wilson and Thomas E. Daniel B. lives in Donglas county, Kansas, where he is a retired farmer. He is a veteran of the Civil War. Mary Elizabeth is the widow of John F.. Spear and lives at Dayton, Ohio. Thomas E. lives in Whittier, California ; his wife died in 1808. Wilson Hunnicutt attended the Liberty township public schools, and later in life the Martinsville high school. After attending the high school for some time he became a student at the Spiceland Academy, at Spiceland, Indiana, an institution maintained by the Friends. After finishing his education he lived at home until his marriage. His father sold him a farm on credit, comprising one hundred and twenty-two acres, and he added to this farm until he owned five hundred acres in Liberty and Union townships. In 1902 Mr. Hunnicutt retired from active farm work and moved to Wilmington, Ohio, where he is now living at 531 North South street. On August 3, 1871, Mr. Hunnicutt was married to Mary M. Gallimore, who was born in Wilson township, Clinton county, Ohio, and who is the daughter of Elisha and Eliza (Grear) Gallimore, both of whom are deceased. He was born in North Carolina and his wife was a native of Clinton county. They were members of the Friends church, and he was an excellent farmer, and at one time owned one thousand acres of land. Mr. and Mrs. Hunnicutt have had three children: Franklin, who is referred to elsewhere in this volnme; Nora H., who married Dennis Stephens and lives on the Hunnicutt home place; and Bertha May, who married Alton M. Haworth, and who died on May 28, 1912. Politically, Mr. Hunnicutt is a Republican and served as a--school >director for fifteen years while living in the country. He is an elder of the Dover monthly meeting. Wilson Hunnicutt is a very worthy man and a good citizen, a man who has been industrious, honorable and fair in his relations with his fellows. Naturally, he is a highly respected citizen of Clinton county. REV. JOSEPHUS HOSKINS. No finer type of virile and useful manhood can be found in all Clinton county than the person of the Rev. Josephus Hoskins, of Wilmington, Ohio, who is a well-known real estate dealer of Wilmington and an acknowledged minister of the Friends church at Dover. He has served as evangelistic superintendent of the Wilmington yearly meeting of the Friends church for thirteen years. In 1872, he was acknowledged minister of the Friends church at Dover and was a minister in Dover for thirty-two years. He is still a member of that meeting and has held about every office within the gift of the yearly and quarterly meeting. He stands now as the recognized head of the Wilmington yearly meeting of Friends and is pastor of the churches at Cuba and Beech Grove, where he preaches on alternate Sundays. The ancestry of the Hoskins family in Clinton county were characterized by their loyalty and patriotism at a time when loyalty and patriotism meant perhaps far more than they mean now. The paternal great-grandfather of Rev. Josephus Hoskins, Moses Hoskins, was a native of North Carolina and a soldier in the War of the Revolution. He immigrated to Ohio, it is believed, about 1810, and subsequently moved to Illinois, where he died. Rev. Josephus Hoskins is a native of Green township, born three miles north of New Vienna in Clinton county, April 26, 1841, and is the son of Isaac and Rachel (Hodson) Hoskins. His father was born in 1811 in Guilford county, North Carolina, and died in March, 1897. His mother .was born in 1809 in Guilford county, North Carolina, and died in May, 1854. The parents of Isaac Hoskins, John and Hannah (Hockette) Hoskins, both of whom 490 - CLINTON COUNTY, OHIO. were natives of North Carolina, were of Welsh descent. Their ancestors had come from Wales about 1750. There were originally three brothers of the Hoskins family who came to America. One settled in Philadelphia and two in North Carolina. During the Revolutionary War, they operated a blacksmith shop and on one occasion a cannon ball was fired through the shop. All of them were members of the Quaker church. John Hoskins was the eldest son of Moses Hoskins. He was reared in North .Carolina and was married there. In 1813 John Hoskins and his family accompanied the Hodson family and a colony of settlers to Clinton county, Ohio. They settled in Green township in the Fairview neighborhood of Friends. In those days there were no roads and the settlers were compelled to cut their way through a dense wilderness. Deer and turkeys were in abundance and occasionally a bear was killed. The nights were made hideous by the howling of wolves. Pioneers of these days, those noble men and women who are long since, gone, endured many hardships of which the present and the future generations can have no intimate knowledge. John Hoskins purchased a survey of land consisting of nearly one thousand acres in Clinton county, for which he paid One and one-quarter dollars an acre. He later sold some of it at three dollars an acre and the same land is now worth one hundred and fifty dollars an acre. In the Clinton county wilderness he contracted the bilious fever, for which he was given calomel by a pioneer physician. This salivated him. He died at the age of fifty-five years, December 13, 1846. His wife died on September 18; 1876, at the age of ninety-one years. They were the parents of the following children: William, Isaac, John, Hannah, Mary Jane and Elizabeth. John Hoskins spent most of his life working at the blacksmith's trade, leaving his sons to operate the farm. He had a large blacksmith shop on the farm where he made edged tools, including axes. He also made nails and did general work. He was an elder in the East Fork meeting of the Friends church as was his wife also. Isaac Hoskins was two years old when the Hoskins family came to Ohio. He grew up on the farm and learned the blacksmith's trade under his father's direction. His father gave him seventy-two acres of timber land in Green township and he cleared the land of the timber and built a log cabin, where he lived the life of a typical pioneer with wolves and panthers all about. Later he added twenty-two acres adjoining, living on the farm until 1858 when he sold out and moved to Highland, where he was a merchant for two years. He then moved to the Dover neighborhood in Union township. His first wife, who was Rachel Hodson, was the daughter of Solomon and Chloe Hodson, natives of North Carolina, who came to Clinton county in 1813 with the Hoskins family. Solomon Hodson bought several hundred acres of land in Green township and lived to be eighty-six years old. His wife died at the age of seventy-five. They were active in the East Fork meeting of the Friends church, he being an elder in the church and she an active minister. Mrs. Rachel Hoskins died and Isaac Hoskins was married; secondly, in 1875 to Anna Hunt, who died in 1885. Afterwards he made his home with his son, Rev. Josephus Hoskins. Both were prominent in the Friends church, he as an elder and his second wife as an overseer. Seven children were born, to Isaac Hoskins and wife, two of whom, Mary, the widow of John Davis, of Missouri, and Rev. Josephus Hoskins, the subject of this sketch, are living. The deceased children are: Joel and Josiah, twins, the former of whom died in Lewis connty, Missouri, and the latter in Wilmington; Martha, who was the wife of Ezekiel Haworth, of Lynchburg, Ohio; Jane, who married Oliver Carl, *of Liberty township; and Lydia, who married Daniel Henry, of Union township. Rev. Josephus Hoskins grew up on his father's farm in Green township and lived at home with his parents until fifteen years of age; when he moved with them to Highland, Ohio, working in his father's store during their two years residence in that place. Afterwards he returned to a farm in Union township, buying eighty acres of land and Caring for his father and stepmother. He sold the farm in 1878 and purchased one hun- CLINTON COUNTY, OHIO - 491 Bred and eighty acres on the Port William pike in Union township, which he farmed successfully until 1909, when he moved to Wilmington. Since 1909 Mr. Hoskins has been engaged in the real estate business. On June 2, 1864, Josephus Hoskins Was married to Emily J. Gallimore, who was a native of Wilson township, born on May 15, 1846, the daughter of Elisha and Eliza ,(Greer) Gallimore, both of whom were natives of County Down, Ireland. They were married in their native land and soon after their marriage immigrated to America and settled in Wilson township, Clinton county, Ohio, living to ripe old ages. She was over ninety years of age at the time of her death. They had a large family of children and were active in the Methodist church. Mrs. Emily J. Hoskins was quite prominent in church work and was an elder in the Friends church. She died on July 8, 1915. Rev. and Mrs. Josephus Hoskins have had eight children, as follow: Clarence, married Nettie Rider and lives in Columbus, Ohio; Alma, married Jesse H. Starbuck and lives on a farm in the Dover neighborhood; Luella, deceased, married Albert Starbuck ; Minnie, is the wife of Carry Spears and lives in the Dover neighborhood; Elvin, lives on a farm in Union township; Walter H., whose sketch is presented elsewhere in this volume; Dora became the wife of Grant Conklin, of Liberty township, and Della, who married George Thatcher and lives on the old Hoskins home farm near Dover. Rev. Josephus Hoskins is one of the best and most favorably known residents of Wilmington and Clinton county. He is an earnest, ardent, Christian gentleman, who recognizes fully his obligation as a citizen of a free country and a minister of the Christian religion. Modest and unassuming, he is dearly loved by hundreds of people who have come under his benign and inspiring influence. MARION AUGUSTUS BALDWIN. The Baldwin family of Clinton county has been notable for its public service. It is a fact that the people of any community come to have established faith in certain characteristics that are found in certain families and that they always seek public servants from such characteristics. This has been notably true of the Baldwin family, and especially true of the subject of this sketch, Marion Augustus Baldwin, who is the present postmaster of Blanchester, Ohio. Marion Augustus Baldwin was the son of Benjamin and Martha Ellen (Henry) Baldwin. Benjamin Baldwin was the son of Josiah Baldwin, who is mentioned elsewhere in this volume. Benjamin Baldwin was born in Blanchester on October 8, 1815, and died in 1897. He was a farmer of recognized ability, a Democrat in politics, and was elected to the position of justice of the peace by this party. He was a member of the Universalist church. His first marriage was contracted with Mrs. Hite, of Clinton County, Ohio, and to this marriage were born two children, William, who died in infancy, and Sarah L. After the death of his first wife he was married to Martha Ellen Henry, who was born at Pleasant Grove, in Warren county, on January 4, 1829, and who died in 1893. She was the daughter of John and Nancy (Doctor) Henry. Bohn Henry was a native of Virginia, and his wife was also born in Virginia. They were early settlers in Warren connty, where he died at the age of forty-seven. She died near New Viehna, Clinton county, at an advanced age. The following are the children of John and Nancy (Doctor) Henry: John Newton; Martha E., deceased; Amelia, deceased; Elizabeth, deceased; Jane, deceased; Joseph and Allie. The children of Benjamin and Martha Ellen (Henry) Baldwin were as follow: Lucius Henry, deceased; Nettie E. and Marion Augustus, the subject of this sketch. Marion Augustus Baldwin was reared in Blanchester where he attended the public schools and high school. Here he read law while quite a young man and was admitted to practice but he never engaged in the profession. He was engaged in farming and saw-milling and was appointed postmaster of Blanchester in 1895 and served a term of four 492 - CLINTON COUNTY, OHIO. years, after which he engaged, for a short time, in the grocery business. He quit this to become manager of the Clinton Telephone Company, which position he held far thirteen years, until he was again, on March 31,'1914, appointed to the position of post master of Blanchester which position he still holds. In politics he is a Democrat, and was elected on this ticket to the position of city clerk which office he resigned to become postmaster. He is an active member of the Knights of Pythias lodge. His wife attends the Methodist Episcopal church of which she is a member. Marion Augustus Baldwin was married on March 7, 1881, to Addie Byard, of Clinton county, who was a daughter of Thomas and Louisa Byard. They have had no children. Mr. Baldwin's interest is always with his community and one can scarcely tell whether he or his community has been most honored by his appointment to positions of service. These he has always filled with untiring zeal. ROBERT CONARD, M. D. Dr. Robert Conard, a well-known and successful physician of Blanchester, Ohio, is a graduate of the Medical College of Ohio, at Cincinnati and attended Ohio State University for two years. During the Spanish-American War, he was attached to the hospital corps of the United States army, and afterwards served as house physician at St. Elizabeth's hospital, at Dayton, Ohio. Locating at Blanchester, Ohio, in July, 1906, he has since been engaged in the practice of his profession at this place. Robert Conard was born in Clinton county, Ohio, April 11, 1877, the son of Dr. George R. and Martha (Good) Collard, the former of whom was a native of Chester county, Pennsylvania. born on January 5, 1842, and the latter of whom was born in Highland county, Ohio, the daughter of Charles and Belsey (Moore) Good, who came from Pennsylvania in 1854, and who spent their last days in New Vienna. She died at the age of ninety years and her husband at the age of eighty-eight. They were members of the Friends church and of the Hicksite branch. Dr. George R. Conard, who is a pioneer physician in New Vienna, is the son of Benjamin and Eliza (Roberts) Conard, the former of whom was born at Valley Forge, Pennsylvania, September 14, 1810, and the latter of whom was born in Chester county, Pennsylvania, in 1810. Benjamin Conard was the son of Cornelius and Susannah (Chalfont) Conard, the former of whom was a native of Pennsylvania and descended from an immigrant who settled in Pennsylvania, in 1628, after coming to America from Holland. The latter was also a native of Pennsylvania, and spent her last days in the Keystone state. Cornelius Conard was a member of the Society of Friends, and lived at Valley Forge at the time Washington camped there. Eliza (Roberts) Conard was the daughter of George and Alice (Fell) Roberts, both of whom were natives of Chester county, Pennsylvania. The former was of Welsh descent. They were farmers by occupation, and when advanced in years removed to Wilmington, Delaware, where they died, he at the age of eighty-four and she at the age of eighty-six. Benjamin Conard emigrated to Highland county, Ohio, in 1850, and in 1865 moved to Hillsboro, where he engaged in the mercantile business. He retired from business at, the age of eighty years, and died in November, 1902, at the age of ninety-two years. Benjamin Conard was married three times, first to Mary Ann Moore; secondly to Eliza Roberts and thirdly to Mrs. Elizabeth (Hussey) Johnson. Mrs. Eliza (Roberts) Conard died in April, 1852. George R. Collard attended the normal school at Lebanon, Ohio, and graduated from Miami University in 1863. He enlisted in Company A, Forty-eighth Regiment, Ohio Volunteer Infantry, on September 9, 1861. On account of wounds received at Shiloh, April 6, 1862, he was discharged July 11, 1862. After completing the course at Miami University, he entered the Medical College of Ohio at Cincinnati and was CLINTON COUNTY, OHIO - 493 graduated in 1865. During the latter part of the Civil War, he was an army surgeon attached to the hospital corps of the United States army. For some time he practiced medicine at Peru, Indiana, but in 1875 located at New Vienna, where he has practiced ever since. He was married to Martha Good, February 28, 1866, and they have had five children: Helen, who lives at home; Harvey E., professor of higher mathematics at the Columbus high school of commerce; Elma, who died at the age of twelve years; Robert and William, twins, the former of whom is the subject of this sketch, and the latter of whom died at the age of three months. Mrs. Martha (Good) Conard died on May 1, 1877. On September 24, 1879, Dr. George Conard was married, secondly, to Augusta Lacey, by whom he had one child, Jane L., of New York City. Mrs. George Conard died on March 26, 1885. Dr. George R. Conard is a member of the Grand Army of the Republic, a Republican in politics and a member of the Masonic lodge. Robert Conard was educated at New Vienna and was graduated from the high school. From 1895 to 1897, he was a student at the Ohio State University, taking a preparatory course for medicine. He entered the Medical College of Ohio, at Cincinnati, in 1897, and was graduated in 1905. In the meantime, he was assigned to the hospital corps of the United States army in the Spanish-American War until the spring of 1902. From 1905 to 1906, he was the house physician of St. Elizabeth's hospital, Dayton, Ohio, and later located at Blanchester, Ohio. He is a member of the Clinton County Medical Society, the Ohio State Medical Association and is also a Fellow of the American Medical Association. In 1907, Robert Conard was married to Margaret E. Thompson, of Cincinnati, Ohio, the daughter of Franklin P. and Catherine (Joyce) Thompson. Mrs. Conard was a teacher in the Cincinnati public schools. They have no children. Doctor Conard is a member of Masonic Lodge No. 191, Free and Accepted Masons, of Chapter No. 153, Royal Arch Masons, and was formerly a commander of Company E., First Ohio Infantry. He is now first lieutenant in the medical corps, Ohio National Guard, with the First Ohio Infantry. Doctor Conard was reared in the Friends church, and Mrs. Conard is a member of the Episcopal church. RAYMOND WATKINS, M. D. Not only is Dr. Raymond Watkins a well-known young physician of Blanchester, Ohio, descended from a line of physicians who have occupied a conspicuous place in the history of the medical profession in southern Ohio, but he is likewise descended on his maternal side from one of the very oldest families of Clinton county. His father, who was a well-known practicing physician and teacher of medicine, was one of the pioneers in the Eclectic medical movement of the Ohio valley and his grandfather was also a physician. Raymond Watkins was born in Blanchester, Ohio, on October 22, 1886. the son of Dr. Lyman and Lydia (Baldwin) Watkins, the former of whom was a native of Blanchester, born on May 1, 1854. The paternal grandparents of Doctor Watkins were Dr. Jonas and Anna (Rocket) Watkins, who were pioneers in Blanchester. Raymond Watkins was educated in the public schools of Blanchester, Ohio, and, after graduating from the high school and the Eclectic Medical College of Cincinnati in 1911, engaged in the practice of medicine in this city. He is one of the young physicians practicing in this section of the state and has already built up a flourishing practice. A member of the Clinton County and Ohio State Medical Associations, Dr. Raymond Watkins is also a member of the Free and Accepted Masons, in which his father took high rank. He is a member of the Universalist church. He is unmarried. Reverting to his paternal ancestry, Dr. Lyman Watkins, who died at Seton hospital, Cincinnati, Ohio, on Sunday, January 21, 1912, of diabetes, was the son of Dr. 494 - CLINTON COUNTY, OHIO. Jonas and Anna (Rocket) Watkins. Dr. Jonas Watkins received his medical edncation at the Starling Medical College, Columbus, Ohio, but soon after his graduation, became a convert to Eclecticism and became one of the pioneers in that movement. The .ancestral record of the Watkins family shows a large number of physicians. Lyman Watkins was educated in the public schools of Blanchester, Ohio, and for some time was a telegrapher. In 1874 he entered Ohio Wesleyan University at Delaware, Ohio, and from Ohio Wesleyan came to the Eclectic Medical Institute and was graduated in the spring of 1877. Upon his graduation, he entered into practice with his father, Dr. Jonas Watkins, at Blanchester. In 1888 he was elected secretary of the Ohio State Eclectic Medical Association and the following year was made president. He also at the same time was successively secretary and vice-president of the Cincinnati- Eclectic Society. :In 1890 he entered the facnlty of his alma mater to teach histology and microscopy. In 1891 he was promoted to the chair of physiology and in 1898 was made professor of pathology as well as physiology. For about ten years of his early connection with the college, he practiced in Cincinnati, but subsequently returned to Blanchester, where he held an extensive practice. Until the end of the year 1911, he filled his chair regularly at the Eclectic Medical College. In 1895 Dr. Watkins wrote "A Compend of the Practice of Medicine." He was a member of the Universalist church, a member of the Knights of Pythias and a thirty-second degree Mason. He was also a valuable member of the National Eclectic Medical Association and a leader in that body. On April 7, 1877, Dr. Lyman Watkins was married to Lida Baldwin, the daughter of Jonathan B. and Clorinda (Covalt) Baldwin, the former of whom was an agricultural implement dealer and a farmer of Blanchester, who was born on August 30, 1821, and the latter born in Brown county, Ohio. They were married in 1846 and to them were born the following children: Maria M., Lida C., Stephen B., Frank G., John A., Hugh, William J. W., and Mary I. Both Jonathan B. Baldwin and wife died in Blanchester, Ohio. Jonathan B. was the son of Jonathan, Sr., and Harriet (Blancett) Baldwin, the former of whom was the first settler in Marion township. It was a son of Jonathan and Harriett -(Blancett) Baldwin, Benjamin by name, born on October 17, 1815, who was the first white child born in Marion. township, Clinton county. Dr. Lyman and Lida (Baldwin) Watkins were the parents Of three children, namely : Anna C., who is now Mrs. J. M. Hudson; Baldwin, deceased; and Raymond, the snbject of this sketch. Mrs. Watkins, the mother of these children, is still living in Blanchester, Ohio. At the time of the death of Dr. Lyman Watkins, there was published the following tribute in the Eclectic Medical Journal under date of March, 1912: "Dr. Watkins was a companionable man, and was alike popular with students and doctors. He was of medium height, had gray hair and eyes, an erect carriage, and a countenance showing contentment and optimism. His happy- disposition, especially in teaching, made his work unusually fruitful, and in medical convocations his humorous handling of topics gave decided pleasure to -his fellow-members. He was quick at debate, always sound, and most generally carried his point by both philosophical reasoning and humorous delivery. He had a marvelously retentive memory, being able to recite pages verbatim upon single reading. .Asa teacher he was thorough and exacting. His society papers, were far above the average, and his contributions to journals, usually short, were models of direct thought in well-chosen words, and often elegant. Men past the meridian, of life are usually wedded to the past, but Doctor Watkins was an exception, for while giving true value to what had been wrought in departed years, especially in Eclecticism, he was decidedly progressive. He was quick to see Values and was not easily misled by the onrush of -the new and novel, but weighing calmly and judiciously he kept abreast of the best in medical progress.. Such a discriminating progressiveness,,,. made him a valued teacher and a force in Eclecticism." CLINTON COUNTY, OHIO - 495 WILLIAM B. GALLAHER. It is the honorable reputation of the man -of standing and affairs more than any other consideration, which gives character and stability to the body politic. While advancing his personal interests, William B. Gallaher has never lost sight of his obligations to the community at large, where for many years he has held a high place in the popular confidence and esteem as a cashier of the Sabina Bank. He entered this institution thirty-five years ago as a bookkeeper and ten years later was elected cashier, the position which he still holds. William B. Gallaher was born on February 4, 1859, at Port William, Ohio, the son of James and Maria (Mills) Gallaher, the former of whom was born on December 5, 1829, near Sabina in Clinton county, and the latter of whom was born on July 12, 1827, the daughter of Daniel and Mary Mills. James Gallaher was the son of Charles and Elizabeth (Douglas) Gallaher, the former of whom was born in 1800 near Lebanon, Ohio, and the latter of whom was born hi Columbiana county, Ohio. Charles P. Gallaher was the son of James Gallaher. whop was born in Monmouth county, New Jersey, on the site of the battle ground of Monmouth, in 1764, and who had two brothers who took part in that battle. In 1875, just after reaching his majority, he immigrated to Allegheny county, Pennsylvania, where he lived until 1797, when he moved to Hamilton county, Ohio. There he remained for two years and then moved to Warren county, Ohio, and located near Lebanon. He assisted in building the first court house at Lebanon. In 1814 he moved to Richland township, Clinton county, where he remained until his death. He had a family of six daughters and two sons. Charles P. and Elizabeth Gallaher were prominent in the life of Richland township. He was educated in the common schools of Lebanon, Ohio, and when a young man taught school in Richland township, Clinton county. He came with his parents to Richland township, in 1814, and later became a farmer, owning three hundred and sixty acres of land. He also practiced law for some time before justices of the peace and he became a justice of the peace in Richland township and served in this capacity for about twenty-five years. After coming to Sabina, Ohio, be served as mayor for two terms. It was about 1863 that lie retired from the farm and moved to Sabina, where the remainder of his life was spent. He was an ardent Republican. He and his wife were members of the Methodist Protestant church. They had eight children: James, Mary, Leah, Martha, Thompson, Charles L., Elizabeth and Milo A. Of these children. James was the father of William B. Gallaher. He was educated in the common schools of Clinton county and when a very young man, began farming in Liberty township: In 1863 he moved to a farm in Richland township and after the close of the Civil War. moved to Sabina. During the Civil War, he served as a member of Company B, One Hundred and Forty-ninth Regiment, Ohio Volunteer Infantry, and was a second lieutenant. Althongh enlisted for only ninety days, he participated in the battle of Monoeacy Junction. Upon moving to Sabina, James Gallaher engaged in the clothing business for three years and then returned to his form in Richland township. From 1869 to 1879 he lived on the farm and then returned to Sabina, where he lived until his deth, December 24, 1912. He was a Republican in politics and a member of the Methodist Protestant church. James and Maria Gallaher had three children: Frank, married Minnie Sass and lives in Iowa, where he is a farmer; Louie, who married Musgrove Daughters, now deceased, and lives in Idaho; and William B., the subject of this sketch. The mother of these children died on March 13. 1899. William B. Gallaher was educated in the public schools of Sabina and when a young man, worked on the firm. On December 9. 138'0, he entered the Salina Bank as bookkeeper and ten years later, in 1890, was elected to the position of cashier in the same 496 - CLINTON COUNTY, OHIO. bank, which position he still holds. Mr. Gallaher also owns a farm in partnership with G. A. Pavey in Fayette county, Ohio. This farm consists of two hundred and sixty-two acres and is cultivated by a tenant. On February 9, 1882, William B. Gallaher was married to Sallie Sylvester, who was born on December 26, 1858, the daughter of James Sylvester. Two children, Herman S. and Frederick, have been born to this union. The former married Martha Haines and lives at Sabina. The latter lives at home with his father. As a Republican, William B. Gallaher has served as township treasurer and as a member of the school board and secretary for six years. He was also a member of the corporation council. He is a member of the Masonic fraternity, and is a member of the Methodist Protestant church. MATTHEW ROMBACH. No history of Clinton county would be complete without specific reference to the life and the services of the late Matthew Rombach in this community, a man who did much in the way of developing the wonderful resources of this favored section of the state. Coming to this county in, 1834, Matthew Rombach at once threw the weight of his vigorous personality on the side of all good things hereabout and until the day of his death, held a position as one of the leading men of affairs in Clinton county Possessed of indomitable will, boundless energy and a fine conception of public service he did well his part in the scheme of things and for many years was regarded as, one of the foremost citizens of this section of the state. A man of temperate habits and of the utmost probity of conduct, energetic and persevering, conscientious and upright, the integrity of his motives was above suspicion, and at his death the community was unanimous in the declaration that his life had been a model for any -American to follow. Matthew Rombach was born at Neunkirchen, in the Schwarz Wald of Baden, Germany, on October. 11, 1811, the youngest of four children born to Charles and Francesca Rombach. Charles Rombach was the son of a holder of large landed estates and in the earlier years of his manhood was employed in various offices of trust recognized by the German government, pertaining to the management of a German country seat. Following his marriage at the age of forty-two, Charles Rombach became a successful merchant and manufacturer and when his son Matthew was sixteen years of age the latter was placed in a clock factory, where he remained for two years, at the end of which time he and two or three companions decided to try their fortunes in the promising land across the sea. At the last moment Matthew Rombach's companions abandoned the venture and the young clockmaker's father withdrew the consent he previously had given for his son to go to America, declining his permission for the lad to make the trip alone. Having fully decided his course, however, Matthew Rombach was not to be daunted by paternal opposition, and thus gave a characteristic example of the energy and perseverance that dominated his entire life. Borrowing the sum of four hundred marks (one hundred dollars) from a friend, Matthew Rombach began his toilsome journey to America, walking from his home in Baden, through France to the English channel, a distance of six hundred miles; living on two meals a day and covering from thirty-six to fifty miles a day, constantly buoyed up by his determined resolution to make a place for himself in a country which seemed to offer boundless opportunities. Arriving at the coast, Matthew Rombach took passage on a sailing vessel, paying twenty-one dollars for his passage and an additional twenty-one dollars for the privilege of joining in the sailors' mess. For ninety days this vessel breasted tempestuous seas, but finally came safely into New York, from which city the young voyager proceeeded to Philadelpha, arriving in the latter city with but seven dollars in his pocket. He found work in Philadelphia in the shop of a German clockmaker, a former resident of Baden, to whom he had been recommended before his departure from home, and there he remained for six CLINTON COUNTY, OHIO - 497 months. He then crossed the Alleghany mountains and stopped at Lancaster, Ohio, where for nine months he was employed in the shop of another clockmaker. In the fall of 1831 he went to Cincinnati, where he conducted a boarding house until the dreadful cholera epidemic of the next year disorganized all business in that city and compelled the closing of his modest hotel. In July, 1832, Matthew Rombach was united in marriage, at Cincinnati, to Catherine Kautz, a native of Baden, Germany, and the devoted pair decided to leave the city and try their fortunes on the land. Going up river they settled in Brown county, this state, where they purchased a farm on which they were making a good start in life when, two years later, an offer of a good business opening in New Orleans caused Mr. Rombach to make preparations for removal to the latter city. Selling off his stock, he rented his' farm to a responsible tenant and he and his wife departed for their prospective new home. Upon arriving at Cincinnnati, Mrs. Rombach interposed such effectual objections to the proposed change, that Mr. Rombach altered his business plans and the two turned their faces up state, bringing their household goods to this county and locating at Wilmington, where they ever after made their home. Mr. Rombach opened a hotel in Wilmington which he operated successfully for two years, at the end of which time he sold his Brown county farm and bought a farm in this county, not far from the county seat. At the same time he opened a confectionery shop and bakery in Wilmington, which he conducted for several years, meanwhile becoming one of the city's most active traders, soon being recognized as one of the shrewdest investors in Clinton county. He possessed an apparently intuitive knowledge of values and his investments were placed with rare judgment; bank stocks, lands and gilt-edged securities being his favorite forms of investment, with the result that he presently was acknowledged to be one of the leading men of affairs in this part of the state and remained a "captain of industry" to the time of his death. Matthew Rombach was' one of the leading factors in the organization of the Clinton County National Bank of Wilmington in 1872, being the first vice-president of that old financial institution, and later was elected to the responsible position of president of the bank. His strong personal influence and high reputation for probity in this community were powerful factors in the rapid development of the interests of that bank, an institution which, with its surplus exceeding its capital, is recognized as one of the foremost banks in Ohio, and it stands as a fitting monument to the financial skill of its late president. By the wise exercise of indomitable will power and unbounded energy, Matthew Rombach emerged from his "day of small things" to a position of power and influence in this community and the happy memories clustering about this grand old man long will be cherished hereabout. As was but fitting, his unusual aptitude and capacity for doing things were amply rewarded in a material way and he amassed a competence that placed him in the ranks of the foremost citizens of Clinton county, his ability having been generally recognized by his business associates, all 'of whom held him in the highest esteem. The broad acres of grain and woodland and meadow which were left as a valuable landed estate to his family, make a pleasing variation in the landscape and the fine live stock, in which he took so much delight, was second to none in the land. Though never seeking political preferment, Matthew Rombach took a keen interest in local politics and was recognized as one of the leaders in the cause of good government in Clinton county. On national issues his political preferences were expressed in favor of the Democratic party. In his religious faith he was a Catholic, which was the faith of his fathers, but his broad charity and liberal views gave him a religious tolerance which caused him to be a generous contributor to the various causes of 'all the churches in his home city. Nor were his benefactions restricted to this line along, for all movements designed to promote the general good had his sanction and support, and he looked with pleasure on the rapid development of the best interests of his town and county. (32) 498 - CLINTON COUNTY, OHIO. To the union of Matthew Rombach and Catherine Kautz there was born but one child, a daughter, Louise C., who married Gen. J. W. Denver, of Wilmington, and who with her children and grandchildren, survives to cherish the memory of a good father and a devoted grandfather, a man who had been proved true in all the relations of life. ALFRED JOHNSON. Among the well-known retired farmers of Sabina, this county, and numbered among the splendid citizens of that town is Alfred Johnson, who was born in Richland township, Clinton county, Ohio, on April 21, 1847. Mr. Johnson's parents were Stephen R. and Jemima (Hoover) Johnson, the former of whom was born in Pennsylvania and died in 1862, and the latter of whom was born in New Jersey, the daughter of Jacob Hoover. John Johnson, father of Stephen H., came to Ohio from Pennsylvania about 1800. Stephen R. Johnson :was edncated in the public schools of Clinton county. He took np farming when a young man and pursued this vocation in this county all his life, having been actively engaged in general farming and stock raising. He was one of the pioneers of this section and owned eighty acres of land in Richland township at .the time of his death. Stephen R. and Jemima (Hoover) Johnson were the parents of seven children, namely: Louisa J., who married A. H. States; Lewis, who never married, was a member of Company G, Seventy-ninth Regiment Ohio Volunteer Infantry, during the Civil War, having enlisted in 1862, and was killed in the battle of Peach Tree Creek on July 20, 1864; Amos, who married Elizabeth Waltmire, also was a soldier in the Civil War and served in the same company and regiment as his brother Lewis; Henry C., who married Amanda McGuire; George M., who never married, was a member of Company K, Sixtieth Regiment Ohio Volunteer Infantry, was wounded at the battle of Cold Harbor in 1865, and died in a hospital at Philadelphia on April 12, 1865; Alfred, the subject of this sketch, and Mina, who married D. W. Terrell. For many years Stephen R. Johnson was an elder in the Christian church. Politically, he was a Republican. More than a common-school education was considered unnsnal during the boyhood and youth of Alfred Johnson, but he not only was able to complete the common school course in Richland township, but attended the normal school at Lebanon, Ohio, for six months and later taught in the common schools of Clinton county for ten years, during this period of his life also being engaged in farming. In 1877 he quit teaching and after that devoted his entire attention to farming in Richland township In 1882 he moved to Wayne township, in this county, and two years later returned to Richland township. In 1891 Mr. Johnson moved to Perry township, in Fayette county, and there engaged in farming and fruit raising. After living there for six years he, returned to Richland township, this county, and settled on a farm, from 1897 to 1906 being actively engaged in farming there. He then moved to Sabina, where he engaged in the grocery business until 1909, since which time he has been living retired. He owns a farm of one hundred and sixty-seven acres of fertile land in Richland township, which is cultivated by tenants. He also owns two pieces of, property in Sabina. Alfred Johnson was united in marriage to Amelia B. Cline, who was born on June 11, 1856, the daughter of Edward and Elizabeth (Haines) Cline, and to this union three children were born; namely : Walter C., who died at the age of fifteen; Edward 0., who married Creola B. Haines and has one child, Walter C., and Ethel Viola, who married J. W. Vanpelt and has one child, Eugene. During almost all the time Mr. Johnson lived in Richland township he served as a school director. He is a Republican in politics and a member of the Independent Order of Odd Fellows, and the members sof the family are identified with the Methodist Protestant church. CLINTON COUNTY, OHIO - 499 LEWIS E. WHINERY. It seems fair to judge the status of an individual in a community by the estimation in which he is held by his neighbors and fellow townsmen. They see him at his work, in his family circle, in his church at his devotion, hear his views on public questions and witness how he conducts himself in all the relations of life. They are therefore competent to judge his merits and demerits. Lewis E. Whinery, the cashier of the National Bank of Sabina, is a life-long resident of Clinton county. The people have had an opportunity to learn what manner of man he is. The responsible position which he holds is important evidence with regard to his standing as a business man and citizen. Lewis E. Whinery was born at Morrisville, this county, on October 26, 1873, the son of Warren F. and Mary E. (Hunt) Whinery, the former of whom was born in 1837 in Cass county, Michigan, and died in 1863, and the latter of whom was born in this county, the daughter of Jacob Hunt. Warren F. Whinery' father, John V. Whinery, was married three times. During the early part of his life he taught school and later he became a merchant at Morrisville, and still later a successful farmer. The late Warren F. Whinery had little opportunity to obtain an education, but supplemented the brief period which he spent in the public schools with home study and became a well-informed man. He came to Clinton county, Ohio, about 1852, when he was only fifteen years old. A little later he began teaching school and taught school off and on all his life in Clinton county. He was also a registered pharmacist at Sabina and postmaster of the town at the time of his death. Warren F. and Mary E. (Hunt) Whinery were the parents of three children, Eva, Lena L., and Lewis E., the subject of this sketch. Warren F. Whinery was a valiant soldier in the Civil War, having served about a year as a first-lieutenant of Company D, One Hundred and Eighty-eighth Regiment Ohio Volunteer Infantry, and after the close of the war was a prominent member of the Grand Army of the Republic. Politically, he was a Republican and served as township assessor for several years. He was also corporation clerk of Sabina and a member of the Independent Order of Odd Fellows. Lewis E. Whinery was educated in the public schools of Sabina, this county, and was graduated from the high school with the class of 1892, after which he attended a business college at Oswego, New York, for one year, and upon his return from business college accepted a position with a canning factory at Sabina, later being employed by W. H. Stanage & Company, of Cincinnati. Upon returning to Sabina from Cincinnati he became a partner of S. W. Doan in the clothing business and did business for three years under the firm name of Doan & Whinery. Mr. Whinery was assistant postmaster of Sabina, under W. B. Woodmansee, for three or four years, after which he was employed by the Sabina bank for four years. From the Sabina bank he went to Cedarville, Ohio, as assistant' cashier of the Exchange Bank of that place, and upon the organization of the First National Bank of Sabina on November 1, 1906, became its cashier, a position which he has held ever since. Mr. Whinery is also a director in the Sabina Building and Loan Company. On June 6, 1900, Lewis E. Whinery was married to Winona Harris, the daughter of George W. and Rose Harris, to which union one child has been born, a daughter, Rose Elizabeth, born in 1908. Fraternally, Mr. Whinery is a member of the blue lodge of Masons at Sabina and of the chapter of that order at Wilmington. He is likewise a member of the Independent Order of Odd Fellows. Mr. and Mrs. Whinery are members of the Methodist Episcopal church and he is a Republican. The First National Bank of Sabina has enjoyed a most satisfactory growth since