(RETURN TO THE TITLE PAGE) 200 - HISTORY OF COLUMBIANA COUNTY, OHIO. doctrine assembled at Elk Run, and, after appointing James Hambleton clerk, chose Eli Vale, James Marsh, and Thomas McMillan to confer together as to what future action should be taken. They reported that they were impressed that the harmony of the society would most likely be promoted if those who held the belief of Friend Hicks would hold a meeting " separate from our accusing brethren," and that for this purpose a house had been proffered by Jesse Underwood until some other place could be provided. James Hambleton, Jacob Heacock, and Benjamin Pyle were appointed to endeavor to make arrangements with' the opposing party relative to the use of the meeting-house. These reported that no plan would meet the approbation of their former friends, who steadfastly refused to give them the use of the house, and that a place of worship must therefore be otherwise provided. Accordingly, on the 20th day of the 12th month, 1828, Jacob Heacock and Benjamin Pyle were appointed overseers of the meeting, which was now permanently organized, James Hambleton clerk and Thomas McMillan assistant. At a later session of the meeting, James Hambleton, John Edmundson, and Jacob Heacock were appointed to build a meeting-house on the northwest corner of Jacob Heacock's land. On the ground thus secured, in a beautiful grove, a small brick house was built in 1829, which yet stands, and is at present being repaired. It was originally in charge of a board of trustees chosen by the Carmel meeting, but is at present nominally controlled by the Salem meetings. The early and prominent members of the Carmel Hicksite meeting were from the Boram, Barrett, Crawford, Cowgill, Edsill, Edmundson, Farquar, Hambleton, Heacock, Johns, McMillan, McConnell, Morris, Marsh, Pyle, Pallet, Raley, Reeves, Thompson, Townsend, Richardson, Vale, and Waterworth families, living in Elk Run, Middleton, and St. Clair townships. Until about 1845 the meetings were well attended, and the society was prosperous. About this time many members removed, and the interest so rapidly declined that after December, 1851, no Monthly meeting was held, although Particular meetings were maintained with considerable regularity several years later; Recently these have been only occasionally held by the Raley family and a few others, sometimes assisted by Friends from the Salem meeting. The Carmel Monthly Meeting for women was established Sept. 20, 1820, and was discontinued in 1840. THE ZION HILL METHODIST EPISCOPAL CHURCH. Some time before 1815 a class of Methodists was formed in the Stevens neighborhood, in Middleton township, which embraced, among other members, Amos Stevens and family, Augustus Stevens and family, Thomas Saint and wife, George Ashford and wife, John Leslie, Samuel Brisbine, James Thompson, Joseph Saint, Elijah Leslie, Benjamin and Joshua Todd, Jane Brooks, Margaret Thomas, Aquilla Ward, Alpha M. Baxter, and Mrs. Pancake. ,Later additions were received from the Thomas, Huston, McCoy, Huff, Hays, Addis, and Fitzsimmons families. Amos Stevens served as the leader, and frequently exhorted in the meetings after the regular sermon had been delivered by the traveling minister. In the course of time his son, Augustine Stevens, entered the ministerial ranks. The services were first held in the houses of the members, in barns, and often in the woods ; but in ten or fifteen years a meeting-house was built on the land set aside for this purpose by Amos Stevens, which was the place of worship many years. From this fact the appointment was long known as the " Stevens church." In the summer of 1865 a new church-edifice was built near the site of the old house, under the trusteeship of John Huston, John Burson, James Fitzsimmons, G. H. Huff, William Burson, Edward Huston, and Isaac Huston, which was dedicated Nov. 18, 1865, by the Revs. Hartshorn and Lane, as the Mount Zion Methodist Episcopal church, and by this title it has since been recognized. The house has a most beautiful location, and presents an inviting appearance. It is a plain frame, and cost $2500. The members worshiping here number about 70, and have at present the following official board : Stewards, Hugh McCoy and Alvin Thomas ; Trustees, John Huston, Alvin Thomas, John Baxter, Martin Thomas, Isaac Huston, James Fitzsimmons, and J. C. Billingsley ; and Sunday-School Superintendent, Martin Thomas. THE FAIRVIEW METHODIST EPISCOPAL CHURCH, near the southwest corner of section 31, was built in 1869 by a committee composed of Jo n Hollinger, Wm. Rudibaugh, George Reininger, Levi Williams, John Lonas, Joseph Henry, and Stephen Hickman, most of whom also constitute the present board of trustees. The society worshiping in this house was organized in Madison township, and, until the date above given, was known as the Williamsport charge, the first place of worship having been in that village. Both churches have the same ministerial supply. In early times this was furnished by a circuit which embraced nearly the entire county ; in 1840 the eastern part of the county was formed into the Liverpool circuit, and embraced these appointments ; and since 160 they have been a part; of the Elkton circuit. Since 18 0 these circuits have been regularly supplied by the Conferences to which they had been attached, but it is probable that the Methodist missionaries visited these parts and preached before they were taken up as appointments. It is believed that the appended list of ministers embraces the names of nearly all who proclaimed Methodism in the township. The years given are the dates of their appointments by Conference : 1820, Revs. Jacob Hooper Dowler ; 1821, Wm. Tipton, Trescott, Henry Knapp ; 1822, Wm. Tipton, Samuel Brookonier ; 1823, Dennis Goddard, B. 0. Plympton ; 1824, Ezra Booth, Albert G. Richardson ; 1825, Samuel Adams, Robert Hopkins ; 1826, John Knox, Wm. Henderson ; 1827, Edward Taylor, John Somerville ; 1828, B. O. Plympton, Nathaniel Callender; 1829, George Brown, — Winans; 1830, Wm. Henderson, Alfred Bronson ; 1831, John Crawford, Jacob Jenks ; 1832, John P. Kent, W. Summers ; 1833, L. M. Weakly, D. Gordon ; 1834, Alcinus Young, John Meacham ; 1835, Alcinus Young, P. S. Ruter ; 1836, Daniel Sharp, John McLean ; 1837, Daniel Sharp, J. W. Auld ; 1838, George McCaskey, J. Montgomery ; 1839, George McCaskey, Joshua Monroe; 1840, I. Dallas, Joshua TOWNSHIP OF MIDDLETON - 201 Monroe ; 1841-42, Henry Wharton, Cornelius Jackson ; 1843-45, James M. Bray, W. P. Blackburn; 1846-47, Nathaniel Callender, J. K. Miller ; 1848-49, Robert Cunningham, T. W. Winstanly ; 1850-51, Wm. C. Henderson, A. J. Dale ; 1852-53, John Huston, Warren Long; 1854-55, David Campbell, John R. Roller ; 1856-57, Andrew Huston, John Ansley ; 1858-59, A. W. Butts, H. W. Baker ; 1860, M. W. Dallas, A. W. Taylor ; 1861-62, M. S. Kendig ; 1863, Warren Long ; 1864, Louis Payne ; 1865, John Wright ; 1866-67, G. D. Kinnear ; 1868-70, A. J. Lane ; 1871, John Huston ; 1872-73, J. D. Leggett ; 1874-75, W. Bodall ; 1876-78, James M. Bray ; 1879, A. J. Culp. THE BURT METHODIST EPISCOPAL CHURCH. When the Rev. Brookonier was on the circuit, before described, in 1822, the Rev. John Burt, a local Methodist minister, persuaded him -to preach at his house, on section 1. As a result of his occasional labors at this point' a society was formed, Which had among its members the Bunts, Eatons, and Bartons, who, some years, after, built a small meeting-house near Father Burt's home. In this worship was maintained until 1867, when the appointment was given up and the interest transferred to the village of East Palestine. The meeting-house has been demolished. The charge was changed frequently from one circuit to another, but, in the main, has been served by the ministers before named. Two other members of this society, Isaac and Samuel Eaton, became local Methodist preachers, and their brother, M. M. Eaton, became a member of the Pittsburgh Conference. THE HAZELVILLE SOCIETY OF THE UNITED BRETHREN IN CHRIST. In the summer of 1850, Samuel Thomas, Jared Marlnee, and Joseph Scott, acting as a board of trustees for a society formed previously, erected a small meeting-house in the southeastern part of section 5, which has Since been known as the Hazelville church. The persons worshiping there at that period belonged principally to the Grey, Sands, Thomas, Marlnee, and Scott families, and had for their first minister the Rev. Wm. Ferrall. Subsequently, the ministers preaching here have been the Revs. Fast, Crayton, Waldorf, Turner, Bonewill, Prayer, Dilley, Booth, Bowers, Perkins, Slusser, Deihl, Randall, Lower, Faulk, Low, Begley, Singar, and Kettering. There are at present about 25 members, with Henry Barton as class-leader, and John Marlnee, Enos Seachrist, and Joseph Richardson as trustees of the meeting-house. A Sunday-school of 40 members has Enos Seachrist for superintendent. THE UNION BRIDGE CHAPEL OF THE UNITED BRETHREN IN CHRIST. For the accommodation of the United Brethren living in the central part of the township, a class was formed in that locality in 1864, and preaching was supplied in connection with the Hazelville charge, the meetings being held in the school-house. In 1871 a neat frame edifice was erected by a committee, composed of Andrew. Ward, John Gorby, Aquilla Ward, Culbertson Addis, and C. Huston, 26 on the western part of section 15, which was dedicated in September by the Rev. B. F. Booth. This property is now under the trusteeship of John Gorby, Gustavus Gorby, and S. S. Duke. The members comprising the society number about 60, and have the same pastors as the Hazelville and Fairfield churches. S. S. Dyke is the leader of the class, and Alvan Huston superintendent of the Sunday-school. Mrs. Lucinda Marlnee was licensed as a local preacher in 1870, and still holds that relation in the church. THE PRESBYTERIAN CHURCH OF CLARKSON. This society was formed in the spring of 1839, and was composed chiefly of a number of persons who had formerly belonged to the congregation at Middle Beaver, and when that body was dissolved came to this locality to establish a place of worship, the remaining members going to Madison. Among the members who constituted the congregation of Clarkson were John McCammon, James W. Gaston, Joseph Steel, John G. Gaston, Mathew Lyon; Hugh Gaston, Mathias Shirtz, Wm. Steel, James Provines, Hugh Sebring (and their wives), Morgan Lyon, Elizabeth Knight, Nancy McCammon, Elizabeth M Gammon, and Mary Keep. A frame meeting-house was built that year, a little south of the village of Clarkson, on a lot of ground given for the purpose and for a cemetery by Thomas Ashton and George Feazle, which was used until 1877, when it was displaced by the present edifice. This is a very neat though plain frame, and was built by a committee composed of Daniel G. Souder, T. J. Conkle, and P. Gaston. The grounds are inclosed by a fine fence, giving the place an inviting appearance. The board of trustees controlling the property in 1879 were J. W. Hollinger, T. R. Wilson, Samuel Crawford, T. J. Conkle, and John Wollam. Two of the ruling elders of the old congregation continued to discharge the duties of that office for the Clarkson congregation,-namely, Hugh Gaston and John McCammon; a third elder was soon after chosen in the person of James Gaston. The other elders of the church have been. John Souders, Hiram Hollinger, David Swaney, Edward Crawford, James Armstrong, Stephen Clark, William Ross, Henry Creighton. Wm. B. Sherman, Francis Scott, Wm. M. Crawford, Daniel G. Souders, and John Hollinger, the three last named holding that office at the present. The Rev. William O. Stratton was the first pastor, remaining until 1843 ; and, after the lapse of a number of years, the Rev. William Dalzell also served the congregation a short time in that capacity. The other ministers have been connected as supplies, and have been as follows: the Revs. William D. McCartney, Thomas McDermott, John B. Graham, R. Lewis, William Reed, Robert Armstrong, George Johnson, J. R. killer, W. Gaston, J. R. Dundas, and the present, J. N. Wilson. The congregation has about 130 members and maintains a good Sunday-school, which is at, present superintended by J. B. Bell.. THE ASSOCIATE PRESBYTERIAN CONGREGATION OF CLARKSON. Some time about 1854 a small congregation was formed at Clarkson from the Roseburgh, Logan, Wilson, Finney, 202 - HISTORY OF COLUMBIANA COUNTY, OHIO. and other families who held the doctrines of the Associate Presbyterians. Meetings were occasionally held in the old church, the preaching being supplied by the Rev. S. W. Clark, of St. Clair ; but after a few years the congregation disbanded. Before the formation of the above congregation, the Free Presbyterians established themselves in this community, receiving membership from the Gaston, Moore, and other families, ultimately to the number of forty. Meetings were held in the church, schoolhouse, and Hugh Gaston's barn, by the Revs. Bradford, Robertson, Jamison, and McElhaney, which were attended with considerable interest. The union of the various Presbyterian bodies of the country was followed at Clarkson by the formation of THE UNITED PRESBYTERIAN CHURCH. In the spring of 1862, Samuel R. Roseburgh was chosen to bear a petition to the Presbytery, asking that a congregation might be duly formed by an accredited person at Clarkson. That body appointed the Rev. S. W. Clark, and on the 5th of July of that year ,he discharged this mission, uniting in church fellowship the following persons : S. R. Rose-burgh, Jane Roseburgh, Samuel Henderson, Mary Henderson, Jane Walter, Ellen Crawford, Mrs. Henry, Charity Gaston, W. C. Wilson, Margaret Wilson, Sarah E. Logan, John R. Chain, Elizabeth Chain, Mary J. Wilson, Andrew Cavatt, Martha Cavatt, William Glenn, Louisa Glenn, John P. Finney, John, Esther, and Margaret Roseburgh, Samuel C. Saint, Mary Saint, and William II. Gaston. Samuel R. Roseburgh, William Glenn, John R. Chain, and W. C.. Wilson were elected the first ruling elders. These offices are at present filled by John R. Chain, Samuel C. Saint, and John G. Gaston. The meeting-house was built in 1863. The pulpit was first supplied by the Revs. S. W. Clark, Martin, Melvin, and in 1868 the Rev. A. T. Houston was installed pastor, remaining four years. Since then the clergy have been the Revs. Alexander, McElhaney, and Patterson, there being at present no regular supply. The congregation numbers but 28 members, and the church is not so prosperous as in former days. PERRY. THIS is the central northern township of the county, and was constituted from four sections taken from each of the townships of Butler, Greene, Goshen, and Salem. The village of Salem was incorporated prior to the erection of the township, and is the only village in its territory. The surface of the land is generally undulating, without any prominent physical features. The water-courses are few and small, among which the principal are the middle fork of Beaver Creek, which rises in the southern part of the township, flows in a southeasterly course, and leaves the township a little west of the southeast corner ; and the head-waters of Buffalo Creek, one branch of which rises in the village of Salem, and one in the southwest corner of the town. These branches unite a little west of the north part of the village, on section 36, and flow northerly, passing out of the township about a mile and a half east of its west boundary. EARLY SETTLEMENT. The Friends began to push their way to the West from Pennsylvania and Virginia soon after the trouble with the mother-country had ceased and the territory of the Northwest had been organized. Jacob Painter, from Virginia, in the year 1802, with his wife and children,—David, Saml., Abigail, and Robert, —came into this part of the country and located on section 32, township 16, range 3, and built on the farm where John Pow now lives. They first put up a tent made from the wagon-cover, which they used while building the log cabin. The days of Mr. Painter were mostly passed on the farm. His sons settled principally on the same section. Elisha Schooley, also from Virginia, located in 1801, and built a log cabin, which in a few years he replaced with a the section frame dwelling. His sons settled on a part of e section. In 1803, Samuel Davis, a sturdy follower o William Penn, a man of strong individuality, indomitable perseverence, and withal eccentric, who was born in New Jersey, and had lived several years in Pennsylvania, where he married, set out to make a settlement in this part of the country. After pushing his way along the New Lisbon road, he reached the undulating lands which occupy the northern part of Columbiana County, and determined to remain. He cut his way through the dense woods about a mile, and located on section 31, township 16, range 3, which he afterwards purchased of Samuel Smith, whose assignee he was. Mr. Davis received a deed direct from the government, signed by Thomas Jefferson, President of the United States, and dated Aug. 9, 1806. He also later received a deed of section 33, township 16, range 3, dated March 10, 1807, and another of section 20, township 17, range 4, dated Nov. 1, 1808. The certificates for these sections had been granted some years previous. He commenced a clearing, planted wheat, and built a log cabin on the spot where, a few years later, he built the large brick house now owned by his granddaughter, Mrs. Hiddleson. At this time commenced the wondrous change which transformed the almost unbroken wilderness into cultivated fields, and built up a thriving village, vocal with the busy hum of machinery whose productions reach to the farthest ends of die earth. Whether Mr. Davis remained during the winter is not TOWNSHIP OF PERRY - 203 known ; but in the spring of 1804, his family, consisting of his wife and children,—Rebecca, Mary, Samuel, William, Elizabeth, Rachel, and Joshua,—removed to this place, and settled in the new home. Soon afterwards others of the Society of Friends gathered about them, and in a few years constituted a considerable settlement. In 1806, Mr. Davis presented to the settlement two acres of land on which to build a meeting-house, situated on the north side of Main Street, at the corner of Ellsworth. In 1815 he laid out the tier of lots on the north side of the street. His time in later years was devoted to the management of his land. Mr. Davis was an excellent judge of human nature, and settled more law-suits by conciliation between disputants, in the last few years of his life, than did the courts, and assisted often,, financially, in adjusting compromises, his love of humanity leading him to prevent resort to "legal suasion," as he termed suits at law. Samuel Davis died April 15, 1836, at the age of seventy-three years ; Mary, his wife, died April 27, 1842, aged eighty-three years. He was always on the alert for the ludicrous, and many bits of humor are told of him, one of which is as follows: A Dutchman went out beside a spring to indulge in a private drink from his bottle ; he there encountered Davis, whom he invited to partake. Davis at first declined, but when urged appeared to consent, remarking that he "couldn't take it undiluted." He thereupon suggested that the whisky be poured into the "run," while he drank from it just below. The Dutchman complied, and, as Davis continued to drink and called for more, the Dutchman continued to pour until the bottle was empty. All too late to save a portion for himself the Dutchman discovered that he had been duped, and that Davis had taken only water "straight." He afterwards declared, "I never had no Yankee come it over me or cheat me so pad as Sammy Davis." The first wedding which occurred in the town was that of Rebecca, the oldest child of Mr. Davis, and David Scofield. The marriage was solemnized in the small log church which stood on the north side of the street, near where the town-hall now stands. The intention of the happy couple had been duly published at the Middleton Monthly Meeting. David saw Rebecca for the first time when she was in a clearing helping her father roll and haul logs. Almost every person in the neighborhood was invited to the wedding. The following certificate is recorded on page 1 of the Friends' Church Record of that day, and is a verbatim copy of the marriage certificate, now in possession of Joseph Holloway, a son-in-law of Mrs. Schofield : " David Schofield, of Columbiana County, and State of Ohio, son of David Schofield, of Campbell County, State of Virginia, and Rachel his wife, and Rebecah Davis, daughter of Samuel Davis, of Columbiana County, and State of Ohio, and Mary his wife, having declared their intentions of taking each other in marriage, before several monthly meetings of the people called Quakers, in the county of Columbiana and State of Ohio, the proceedings of the said David Schofield and Rebecah Davis, after due enquiry and deliberate consideration, were allowed by the said meeting, they appearing clear of all others, and having consent of parents and parties concerned. "Now these are to certify whom it may concern, that for the accomplishing their said marriage, this twentieth day of the eleventh month, in the year of our, Lord one thousand eight hundred and five, they, the said David Schofield and Rebecah Davis appeared in a public assembly of the aforesaid people, and others, in their meeting-house at Salem, and he the, said David Schofield taking the said Rebecah Davis by the hand, did openly and solemnly declare as follows, or nearly so " 'In the presence of this assembly, I take this my friend Rebecah Davis to be my wife, promising, with Divine aid, to be to her a loving and faithful husband till death shall separate us.' " And the said Rebecah Davis did then and there in the said assembly declare as follows : '" In the presence of this assembly, I take this my friend David Schofield to be my husband, promising, with Divine aid, to he to him a loving and faithful wife till death shall separate us.' "And the said David Schofield and Rebecah Davis (she according to custom of marriage assuming the name of her husband) as a full confirmation thereof, and in testimony thereto did then and there to these presents set their hands. " DAVID SCHOFIELD, " REBECAH SCHOFIELD. "We, who were present among others at the abode marriage, have also subscribed our names as witnesses thereto, the day and year aforesaid : " Elizabeth Right, Samuel Davis, Rachel Schooley, Jesse Holloway, Unity Stanley, Abram Warrington, Abagail , Joseph Curl, Joseph Black, James Shore, Hannah Morris, Enoch Warrington, Rachel Warrington, Jonathan Evans, Deborah Schooley, John Straughan, Mary Test, Israel Gaskell, Benjamin Test, Price Blake, John Schooley, Zaccheus Test, Robert French, Hannah Test, Anthony Morris, Mary Davis, Zilpah Gaskell, Mary Shinn, Mary Reeves, Elisha Schooley, Elizabeth Evans, Caleb Shinn, Judith Townsend, John Isenhour, Mary Isenhour, Keziah Woolman." David Schofield kept store in Salem for many years where Dr. Kuhn now lives. Mary, the second daughter of Samuel Davis, married Be - jamin Hawley, who came from Middleton in 1820, h s father having come to that place from Chester County in 1801. Mr. Hawley built the brick house where the express-office now is, and lived there until 1831, when he bought the old Davis place from Joshua Davis. It contained about 100 acres, which he laid out in lots and streets. He sold all the lots except the home lot, which is still in possession of his daughter, Mrs. Hiddleson. He was a carpenter by trade, was justice of the peace a number of years, and transacted business as an adjuster of claims and conveyancer. He was one of the earliest friends of the present school system, and did much to promote its acceptance. He was one of the most useful citizens, and an honest man. Mr. Hawley died Feb. 27, 1875, aged eighty-five years. About the year 1805, John Webb, with his family of seven sons and four daughters, moved from Hartford Co., Md., to what is now Perry township, and settled on the northeast quarter of section No. 30, where William Dunn now lives. His children Were as follows : Thomas, James, John,* Ann, William, Richard, Elizabeth, Mary, Abraham, and Isaac. Of these, there is but one survivor, Isaac Webb, who is a resident of Salem, being now about eighty-seven years of age. He married Ann Jennings, daughter of Levi and Rebecca Jennings. Levi Jennings was born in New Jersey, May 15, 1764 ; married Rebecca Everly, of Everly Bottoms, Va., in 1789. *John Webb built the first brick dwelling in the township and kept it as a hotel, which was afterwards known as the "Jennings House." Col. Thomas Webb, his son, was born in Salem, and kept the Union Hotel, on Arch Street, between Third and Fourth Streets, Philadelphia, for ten years, also the National Hotel, on Courtland Street, New York. Be now lives' in Massillon, Ohio. 204 - HISTORY OF COLUMBIANA COUNTY, OHIO. In 1808 he moved into Columbiana County, and settled on the southwest quarter of section No, 26, now in Perry township, where they lived to a good old age, having raised a family of fonr sons and four daughters,-Simeon, Levi, Sarah, Jesse, Mary, Ann, William, and Rebecca, of whom none but Ann (Mrs. Isaac Webb) and William survive. The elder son, Simeon, was in some respects a remarkable man.- He was born Nov. 7, 1791, and at his death, which occurred Oct. 30, 1865, left an estate of over one and a half millions of dollars. The eldest daughter of Ann and Isaac Webb married Uriah Wilson, and the youngest married Leonard Schilling, who came to Salem in 1847, and entered the store of J. T. & I. I. Boone. He is the oldest living merchant in the town, having had a business experience, without intermission, of thirty-two years. Levi Jennings was township treasurer in 1812, '13, '16, and '23. Simeon Jennings was clerk in 1814, '15, and 16. Abram Warrington, with his wife, Rachel, and brother Enoch, came from New Jersey in 1804, and settled in what is now Perry, on the farm where Stacy Cooke now lives. He was supervisor of the township in 1812. One daughter married William Fisher, another married Nathan Hunt. Job Cook, from New Jersey, came to this part of the county in 1804, in search of land upon which to settle. Meeting John Straughn,* the two went to Steubenville, where Mr. Cook entered section 1, and, having the choice of position, chose the south two-thirds, where Henry Cook, his grandson, now lives (1879). He had four children,-Jacob W., Thomas, Job,- who lives in Goshen, and Mary. Mr. Cook died in 1841, at the age of ninety-three years. John Straughn came from Bucks Co., Pa., to Salem in 1804, where, meeting Job Cook (as previously mentioned), with that gentleman he entered the whole of section 1, taking for himself the north third. Mr. Straughn stopped at the cabin of Samuel Davis for a few days until the completion of his own, which was situated on the south part of a lot now owned by James G. Brown. He lived in this cabin about a year, when he sold it for $1, and built a hewed-log cabin, now owned by Robert Tolerton and R. V. Hampson. In this more pretentious domicile he lived until 1849, when he built the brick house now occupied by William Jennings, where he died in 1858, aged eighty-one years. Mr. Straughn, with Zadock Street, laid out the village of Salem in 1806. His children were Ann, Eliza, Joseph, Sarah, and Jesse. Ann (now Mrs. Larwell) and Eliza (now Mrs. Day) reside at Wooster. Jesse is a civil engineer at Fort Wayne, Ind. Hugh Burns, a brother of John Burns, who settled in Butler in 1803, settled at the same time in the southwest part of what is now Perry township, where Ell Fawcett lives. Zaccheus Test located a section of land in Butler, now Perry, in 1803. The section in Butler he divided between his sons, Isaac find Samuel. Jonas Cattell entered section 36, in what is now the *Spelled Straughn, Straughan, Strawn, and in other ways. township of Perry, in 1803, and the next year sold to George Baum the southwest quarter of the section, and to Elisha Hunt a brother of Nathan and Stacy Hunt the southeast quarter of the section, which passed afterwards to Robert French. Enoch Cattell, a son of Jonas Cattell, came from Brownsville, Pa., in 1812, and settled on the north half of section 36. Jonas D. Cattell, now living on the farm his grandfather purchased, was born the next year after they came. His father and mother died in 1814. He lived with Thomas French during his boyhood. When Enoch Cattell first came to Perry, David Venable and Stacy Stratton were on the farm as tenants. Thomas French came with Zadock Street, from the same place, and located in or near Damascus, where he built a brick house. A year or two after- death of his brother-in-law, Enoch Cattell, he came to Sale and took charge of the farm Enoch had occupied. He was ppraiser of property in 1812. He, had five brothers,-Thomas, James, Robert, John, and Barzilla. Zadock Street, with his family, came to Brownsville in 1805 from Salem, N. J., and, with his son John, came over to what is now Salem, in the winter of 1805-6, to see friends. They intended to go/down the river, which was, however, so low they could not proceed. Being much pleased with the country, Zadock purchased a quarter-section, a part of which he afterwards gave to Anna, his daughter. Anna married Robert French, and became the mother of the first child born in the town,-Zadock French, born Jan. 7, 1808. They all returned to Brownsville, and in the spring of 1806 again moved to Salem, Zadock's family consisting of his wife and his children,-Anson, John, and Anna, and Thomas French, his son-in-law. John went to New Lisbon, where he kept a store about a year. He then came to Salem, bought an acre of ground at the corner of what is now Main and Depot Streets, for $12, of John Strawn, where he erected a log dwelling and store under one roof. In this he opened the first store in Salem, and, in 1807, the first post-office, which he kept. In 1832 he built a brick store where the log structure stood. During the early part of 1806, John Strawn and Zadock Street laid out and platted the village of Salem, an account of which is given elsewhere. At this time the settlement was named " Salem," after Salem, N. J., from which they came. Zadock Street built a log house, part of which is still in existence', in the building west of the ". West Block," the logs having been covered with siding. In this log house he lived until his death, which occurred in 1808. In 1832, Zadock Street, son of John, rented the store of his father, and kept it four years, when he built a new store. The old one was taken down in 1845, when the street called Broadway was opened. He kept a store in the east end of this building, and the " State Bank of Salem" occupied the west end. It stood about 100 feet back from Main Street, and in the centre of Broadway. Zadock, from this time, became much interested in the' subject of railroads, has given it much time and attention, and has been instrumental in the construction of a railroad through the TOWNSHIP OF PERRY - 205 town. Prior to this he established a number of stage routes. He is still living in Salem, and is interested in the ".Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to. Animals," and his time is almost entirely devoted to that object. John Street died in 1850. He had three sons,---Zadock, Samuel, and John,—all of whom are living in Salem. Joel. Sharp, with his wife and two daughters, came to Salem from Egg Harbor, N. J., in 1806, bringing the family and goods in wagons and a carriage. Mrs. Sharp drove in the carriage, holding one child in her arms, while her husband cut and cleared the way. Three weeks were consumed in crossing the Alleghany Mountains. They passed through the township as far as Abram Warrington's, and finally located on the southwest quarter of section 3. They were the parents of Thomas, Simeon, Clayton, and Joel Sharp,—names favorably known throughout the county. Joel Sharp was treasurer of the township in 1814 and trustee in 1815. He died in 1820. Mrs. Sharp married Nathan Hunt in 1824. She died at the age of ninety-one years. George Baum, an emigrant from Germany, was sold for his passage. After his labor had paid his passage-money, he came to the town of Salem, and purchased from Jonas Cattell the southwest quarter of section 36, in the year 1806. He built a log house on the farm now owned by Campbell & Boone. He was treasurer of the township in 1812-13. His daughter Ann married Robert McKim. Her father gave her land in the southwest quarter of section 10, where Mr. McKim settled, and where his descendants live. John Blackburn came from near Chambersburg, Pa., in 1806, the year of the eclipse, with his wife, three sons, and five daughters, and settled on section 2, where his son, John Blackburn, still lives. His sons were William, John, and Joseph A. William was known as Gov. William Blackburn, and represented his district in the State Legislature eight years and in the State Senate a like period. James Tolerton came from Ireland to Philadelphia in 1809, and to Salem in 1811, where he taught school, and was a thorough believer in " switch suasion." He was a straightforward, impetuous man, and at the division of the Society of Friends he went with the Hicksites, and was their fighting-man. He purchased 130 acres of land from Joseph Wright where Albert Phillip now lives. Later he removed to Knox township, and lived there about thirty years, when he returned to Salem and lived there until his death, in 1871, aged ninety-three. His sons, Robert and Hill, are living in Salem. Thomas Stanley came from Richmond, Va., and settled, in 1806, in that part of Butler township which is now in Perry. Benjamin, his son, was then fourteen years old, and afterwards helped survey, clear, and open the section west of Damascus. Stephen Wisner, with his wife and four children, came to Salem in 1818, and bought land on Green Street, where he followed his trade,—that of a shoemaker. He was for, a time justice of the peace. Mr. Wisner died Nov. 5, 1877, aged eighty-nine years. William Wisner, a son, lives in Goshen. Mrs. Samuel Wright, Mrs. Frank Birch, Mrs. Jeremiah Zitnmerman, daughters, all live in Salem. Richard Fawcett, from Virginia, near Winchester, located, in 1807, about a mile north of the village of Salem, where his son Richard lives. He remained on the farm, and his children settled in the vicinity,—David, where Robert Tolerton now lives; William, on the place where Joseph Fawcett now lives, 1879. Abraham Barber settled in the township in 1805. He married Drusella Gaus, whose father, Isaac Gaus, settled in the same year at Salem. Anthony Morris lived in Salem a short time in 1805, but moved to Damascus, where he raised a large family. Nathan and Stacy Hunt, brothers, and natives of Moorestown, N. J., emigrated to Fayette Co., Pa., and thence in 1806 to Salem, where Nathan arrived first. Nathan was a builder and contractor, and erected the first frame dwelling in Salem, on the lot adjoining that o which the African Methodist Episcopal church stands, on reen Street. He was one of the projectors of the cotton-factory erected in Salem in 1814. In 1832 he removed to Cleveland, where he remained about ten years and then returned to Salem, where he died in 1850. His oldest and youngest sons, Ira and Nathan, sole survivors of the family, are living in Salem. Stacy Hunt, in 1807, was employed on the meeting' house of brick which the Friends were then erecting. He became the first foreman of the cotton-mill when it was put in operation in 1815, and in the following year married and removed to Pennsylvania, where he remained until 1829. Returning in that year, he settled on a farm two miles west of Salem, and in 1847 again made Salem his home, where he died Jan. 31, 1878, in his eighty-ninth year. His widow, Hannah, and George; a son, are living in Salem. Jacob Painter, in 1802, located on section 32, on the farm where John Pow at present resides. He came from Virginia with his wife and five children,—David, Samuel, Abigail, Joseph, and Robert. They belonged to the Society of Friends. The sons settled mostly in the vicinity of Salem. Joseph is living in Damascus. Elisha Schooley, from Virginia, located where Robert Hole resides. His sons also settled in the township. Mrs. Ross Stratton, a daughter of David Painter, is a granddaughter of Mr. Schooley. Mr. Schooley in 1832 sold the property to Thomas Horner, who lived upon it until 1870, when he moved to Salem. About the year 1816, Israel Schooley built, on a branch of the Mahoning, a grist-mill which was operated for a period of nearly or quite thirty years. The inhabitants had previously been obliged to resout to mills on the Ohio River,—a distance of twenty-four miles. Michael Stratton, a brother of Aaron, came from New Jersey in 1806, and settled on section 25, where Joseph Launer now resides, whose wife is a granddaughter of Mr. Stratton. He was a carpenter by trade, served on a town committee in 1811, and was trustee in 1812, 1818, and 1819. Jonathan Stanly, with his wife and three children,—Andrew, Fleming, and Abram,—came to Salem in 1806. He bought 100 acres of land from Job Cook, where Jonathan, his youngest son, now lives. James another son, is living in Salem. Mrs. 'Willey Johnson, a daughter, lives in 206 - HISTORY OF COLUMBIANA COUNTY, OHIO. Howard Co., Ill. Mr. Stanley died in 1852, aged seventy-six years. Jonathan Evans came from Upper Darby, Pa., in 1804, with his wife and son Philip, and settled on sections 5 and 6, where Philip still resides. His log cabin was built on the Franklin road where Ephraim Murphy lives. His other children are Mrs. Lydia Matthews, of Iowa ; Mrs. Hannah Bonsall, of Green township ; Mrs. Susan Stratton, of Goshen ; Mrs. Sarah Bonsall, of California. Israel Gaskell came from New Jersey in 1805, and settled on section No. 6. He built his first log cabin on the knoll where Zadock Street now resides, living in, his wagon until his cabin was completed. He had three sons and four daughters, none of whom are living. Robert Tolerton married Zilpha, the youngest daughter. Mr. Gaskell died about 1850. David Gaskell, Sr., father of Israel and David, lived in the village of Salem. He was interested in the organization of the Baptist church, and was the second justice of the peace in the township, William Cattell having been the first. Benjamin Stanton, son of Henry and Abigail Stanton, was born in North Carolina, Aug. 28, 1793. In 1800 his mother, who was then a widow, removed with Benjamin and several other children to Brownsville, Pa., where they remained until the following spring, and then again removed, to Mt. Pleasant, Ohio. At the age of twenty Benjamin began the study of medicine in the office of Dr. Hamilton, of Mt. Pleasant. He opened an office in Camden, Ohio, where he remained a short time, and in 1815 settled in Salem. The next year he married Martha Townsend, who taught school in New Lisbon in 1811 and 1812, at Beaver Falls in 1813, and afterwards, in 1815, at Salem, in the old Baptist log meeting-house on Dry Street. They lived nearly two years at the west end of Main Street, then purchased the property on the northwest corner of Chestnut and Main Streets, and in 1854 moved to the corner of Chestnut and Green Streets, where Mrs. Stanton still resides. He practiced medicine for nearly half a century, and was respected as a physician and beloved as a man. He was a, member of the Society of Friends, but the dissensions which arose in that body induced him to withdraw. He was a leader in all good works. Religion with him was a vital, living principle, and " life was a state in which a free human being was to work out for himself a high and holy character ; man, a responsible being, sustaining physical and moral relations to God and the universe ; and pure religion, the perfection of human character, consisting in the performance of the duties and obligations growing out of these relations." Through his influence the first tax was raised in Salem to establish a district school, upon the principle that property should educate the children of the community. He was also active in the cause of temperance, and among the earliest friends of the slave before the anti-slavery cause had many advocates. His children were Oliver, Rebecca, Laura, Joseph, David, Caroline, William, and Byron, all of whom are living except Joseph and David, who were both physicians. Joseph practiced in Akron, Ohio, and was a physician of good repute and a man of undoubted integrity. David was elected auditor-general of Pennsylvania, and became widely and favorably known. William was a lawyer, studied with his cousin Edwin M. Stanton (late Secretary of War), and now lives near Pittsburgh. Byron is a physician now practicing in Cincinnati. He was superintendent of the Northern Lunatic Asylum of the State of Ohio. Two of his daughters, Mrs. Rebecca Weaver and Mrs. Caroline Adams, are living in Salem. Benjamin Stanton died Feb. 28, 1861. Isaac Wilson, a native of Kennett Square, Chester Co., Pa., was born in 1786. He remained in that State until about 1813 or 1814. He was in the army in the war of 1812, and served about nine months. After the expiration of his term of service he removed to Smith Ferry, Columbiana Co., Ohio, where he was connected with a paper-manufacturing company, whose headquarters were in Pittsburgh, and afterwards became a partner. He remained with the company until about 1825, when he removed to Salem and bought " a piece of land" on the south side of Main Street, where he built a hotel and store of brick, which was long known as " Wilson's Hotel." He also built a tannery, and carried on the business of tanning hides in connection with his mercantile affairs. He was a prompt and energetic business man, and gave new activity to the business interests of Salem. He was popular with all classes, and a thorough Democrat. Jacob Heaton came to Salem in 1831, and soon after his arrival it happened that in a game of quoits, in which he was engaged with Isaac Wilson, he came off victorious. Wilson said, " Young man, any man who can beat me pitching quoits I want to work for me ; come on to-morrow morning." This circumstance determined the destiny, in a worldly point of view, of Jacob Heaton. He went into the store of Mr. Wilson, and for a while pursued the mercantile business, but has been for many years in the insurance business. He married the daughter of Emor T. Weaver. Mr. Heaton was one of the leaders of the anti-slavery cause in the county, and had a large acquaintance with the principal men and women connected with that movement. When the lecture course of the anti-slavery society Was in full progress, Mr. Heaton conceived the idea of keeping an anti-slavery register. John Pierpont dedicated it in a poem dated March 12, 1856. Abby Kelly, William Lloyd Garrison, George Thompson, Horace Mann, Wendell Phillips, Salmon P. Chase, and many others have graced its pages with their vigorous thought. William, a son of Mr. Heaton, resides in New York. Isaac Boone left Adams Co., Pa., with his wife and three children,—Thomas C., James, and Phebe J.,—in the year 1827, traveling in a two-horse wagon containing household goods. They were twenty-one days on the route. Mr. Boone settled near where he still resides. He moved into a one-story house with two rooms, in one of which he opened a harness-shop; the other was used by the family. Mr. Boone has ever since continued the harness business in Salem without interruption. His son, Thomas C. Boone, is well known as colonel, during the late war, of the One TOWNSHIP OF PERRY - 207 Hundred and Fifteenth Ohio Volunteer Infantry, and as the present treasurer of the Buckeye Engine Company. His daughter, Phebe, married Nathan Hunt. Marius Robinson was born in Dalton, Berkshire Co., Mass. In his tenth year he removed with his parents to Dansville, Livingston Co , N. Y. He soon after went to Utica and entered the printing and bookbinding establishment of Merrill Hastings, where he learned the trade of a printer. In 1827, when in his twenty-first year, he went south and taught school at the Creekpath mission of the Cherokee nation: While teaching he studied theology, reciting to private ministers. In 1830' he entered Nashville University, and after examination was admitted to the third year of the four years' course. At the reorganization and opening of the Lane Seminary, under the Rev, Lyman Beecher, Mr. Robinson was the first student to arrive and enter. He remained two years, until the difficulty arose between faculty and students by reason of the agitation of the slavery question, when the whole class of which he was a member revolted and left the seminary. They hired a room at Cummingsville, and there pursued their studies during one winter. At this time Mr. Robinson had studied theology about seven years, and in the spring of 1836 was ordained to the ministry in Jamestown, Chautauqua Co., N. Y. He immediately went to Cincinnati and commenced preaching and lecturing on the subject of slavery. In August of that year he was appointed by the American Anti Slavery Society as lecturer for Middle and Northern Ohio, and from that time until 1838 he addressed assemblages from one to three times a day, when he was prostrated by sickness. His illness resulted partly from injuries received at the hands of a dastardly mob that assaulted him in Berlin one Sunday night in June, 1837. This mob carried him away to an open field about ten miles distant, where they left him, having first covered him with a coat of tar and feathers. This sickness and his ensuing feeble condition prevented him from speaking much in public for about twelve years. In 1851 he assumed the editorial control of the Anti-Slavery Bugle, upon the retirement of Oliver Johnson, and continued in that position until 1863, when lie retired from its management and engaged in life and fire insurance business. He was president of the Ohio Mutual Fire Insurance Company at the time of his death. He died Dec. 8, 1878, at the age of seventy-two years and six months. Perhaps a summary of Mr. Robinson's life and character can be best given by an extract from an article written by one of his life-long friends, Oliver Johnson : " Mr. Robinson was ,a man of great sweetness and purity of life, and an earnest and eloquent champion of every principle and measure which he thought beneficial to his fellow-men. He combined great courage with great discretion, winning the. respect and confidence even of those whose views differed most widely from his own. Of pure and undefiled religion, as defined by the apostle James, he was at once a defender and an exemplar. As a speaker he was full of what is usually called magnetic power, by which he was able to command the attention and sway the sympathies of his hearers. For many years he was editor of the Ohio Anti-Slavey Bugle, the files of which are a memorial of his power as a writer as well as of his unswerving devotion to the cause of freedom." EARLY LOCATIONS. The four sections cornering on Main Street were numbered in the northwest 36, northeast 31, southwest 1, southeast 6. At that time the government sold no land in less quantities than sections. As many of the early settlers were too poor to pay for so much land, they clubbed together, one of the parties making the entry, with a previous understanding as to how it should be divided. Section 36 was divided by a line running midway from east to west, Jonas Cattell taking the north half.. The south half was divided by a line running midway from north to south, Elisha Hunt taking the east half, and George Baum the west half. Section 1 was to be divided between Job Cook and John Strawn ; the line to be run from east to west ; Strawn to have one-third, and Cook the remainder. The north third fell to Strawn in the division. Section 31 was entered by Samuel Smith, who soon disposed of it to Samuel Davis. Section 6 was entered by Samuel Davis, who sold the northwest part of it to Israel Gaskell, and the remainder, running to the east line, to Jonathan Evans. In 1806, Zadock Street, from New Jersey, purchased Elisha Hunt's or Horton Howard's quarter, and the northeast corner of John Strawn's. On the Strawn purchase he erected a log building, in which the first store in Salem was opened, by John Street, father of Zadock Street, who is still living in Salem.* Section 35 was entered by Thomas Hutton, and the deed conveying it was dated Feb. 2, 1807. The parchment deeds signed by the President of the United States, conveying sections 31, 33, 35, in this township, and section 20 in the township of Goshen, are in the possession of Mrs. Sarah Hiddleson, and sections 31, 33, and section 20 in Goshen were deeded to Samuel Davis. ORGANIZATION. John Strawn and Zadock Street, having chosen farm lands in this vicinity, laid out a plat of land into lots in 1806 for the purpose of settlement. This land was at the intersection of the townships of Butler, Goshen, Salem, and Green. Inducements were offered to those coming in to settle upon the lots, and upon land in the vicinity. A store and blacksmith-shop were opened, settlers representing the different trades soon gathered at the four corners, and the settlement grew slowly. To attend elections in the several townships the inhabitants of Salem and vicinity went to the town-meetings in four different directions. Jan. 8, 1830, the town of Salem was incorporated, and the election for officers of the corporation was held at that place. The civil divisions being inconvenient and the occasion of confusion, the people of Salem petitioned the commissioners of the county to form a separate township, to be called Perry. The township was set off in accordance with the petition in 1832. Upon a petition made by the citizens of the town of Salem in 1832, there was held a meeting on December 5th of the board of county commissioners, consist- * Compiled from "Salem, Past and Present." 208 - HISTORY OF COLUMBIANA COUNTY, OHIO. ing of Michael Arter, Isaac Wilson, and John Smith, at which the following order was passed for the erection of the township of Perry : " Application was made by the citizens of Salemtown for the erection of a township, to be composed of sections 5, 6, 7, and 8 in Salem township, 29, 30, 31, and 32 in Green township, 25, 26, 35, and 36 in Goshen township, and sections 1, 2, 11, and 12 in Butler township. " The board, on consideration of the application and the circumstances connected therewith, consider the application for a township a just and reasonable one, and therefore erect said sections into a township, and call the name thereof Perry." The commissioners ordered an election, the record of which, as taken from vol. i. of the township records, is subjoined "At an election held by order of the county commissioners on the 21st of January, 1833, the following-named persons were elected, viz.: for Township Trustees, John Antram, Joseph Wright, Thomas Webb; Clerk, Benjamin Hawley; Treasurer, Benjamin Stanton; Constables, Isaac Wilson, Jeremiah Heacock; Fence-Viewers, Thomas Horner, Mordecai Norton, John Fawcett; Overseers of the Poor, Israel Gaskell, Jonathan Stanley." The officers were sworn by John Campbell, justice of the peace, and Jacob Snyder, president of the town of Salem. CIVIL LIST. The following is a list of the principal officers of the township of Perry from the first regular election, held April 1, 1833 TRUSTEES. 1833.—Joseph Wright, Thomas Webb, Joseph England. 1834-35.—Joseph Wright, John Antram, Joseph England. 1836-37.—Joseph Wright, David Fawcett, Joseph England. 1838.—Aaron Hise, David Stratton, Joseph England. 1839.—Aaron Hise, Joseph Pippitt, Allen Farquar. 1840-41.—Aaron Hise, Joseph Pippitt, John Antram. 1842.—Aaron Hise, Joseph Pippitt, John Schooley. 1843.—John Schooley, John Flitcraft, Isaac Wilson. 1844-45.—John Schooley, John Flitcraft, Joseph Pippitt. 1846-48.—John Schooley, John Flitcraft, William Webb. 1849.—John Schooley, Hill Tolerton, William Webb. 1850-51.—John Flitcraft; Joseph Straughan, Allen Farquar. 1852.—John Flitcraft, Hill Tolerton. 1853.—John Flitcraft, Hill Tolerton, James Woodruff. 1854-55.—James Woodruff, Hill Tolerton, Lewis Keene. 1856-58.—Lewis Keene, George Sheets, John Hunt. 1859.—Lewis Keene, Samuel Grove, Robert Tolerton. 1860-63.—Lewis Keene, Robert Tolerton, George Sheets. 1864-65.—George Sheets, Leonard Schilling, Levi S. Dole. 1866.—Robert Tolerton; Leonard Schilling, Levi S. Dole. 1867.—Robert Tolerton, John McLean, William Daniel. 1868.—Robert Tolerton, William Daniel, Joseph Fawcett. 1869-72.—William Daniel, James S. Seaton, Lewis Keene. 1873.—William Daniel, Allen Boyle, James Davis. 1874-76.—Allen Boyle, James Davis, Robert Tolerton. 1877-78.—Samuel Grove, James Davis, Allen Boyle. 1879.—Samuel Grove, Lewis Keene, James Davis. CLERKS. Benjamin Hawley, 1833-49; Charles L. Cook, 1850; Benjamin Hawley, 1851; C. K. Greiner, 1852; Caspar W. Hillman, 1853; Jas. Eggman, 1853; C. W. Hillman, 1854; W. H. Garrigues, 1854- 56 ; James Eggman, 1857; Chas. H. Garrigues, 1858-60; James McConnell, 1861; Charles H. Garrigues, 1862; William Morris, 1863; Aaron Guffitt, 1864; Charles H. Garrigues, 1865; Norman B. Garrigues, 1866-76; George Holmes, 1877-79. JUSTICES OF THE PEACE. John Campbell, Stephen Wisner, Jacob Snyder, Joseph Saxon, Thomas Kennett, Benj. Hawley, James Boone, A. H. Baltur, R. H. Garrigues, David M. Carey, S. D. Hardman, Lawrence A. Hall, Allen A. Thomas. INDENTURES. Among the interesting items to be found in the, first volume of township records are the copies of indentures. Nov. 29, 1833, Aramintha Grist was indentured to Zadock Street. She was to be instructed " in the art, trade, and mystery of housewifery ;" to be trained to habits of obedience, industry, and morality; to be taught to read,, write, and cipher as far as the single rule of three ; to be provided for, and be allowed meat, drink, washing, lodging, and apparel for summer and winter. She was to live with him until she was eighteen years of age, and at the expiration of such service he should give to her a new Bible and at least two suits of common wearing-apparel. Mary Sheets was apprenticed to Alexander Burns. She was to have, at the expiration of her service, a new Bible, two suits of common wearing-apparel, a new bureau, one new wool-wheel, and a new umbrella. VILLAGE OF SALEM. A plat of Salem, now called " Original Salem," bears date April 30, 1806, was recorded in vol. i., page 75, of the records of Columbiana County, May 6, 1806, and is located on property as follows: Propriation of section 1,16, 4, John Straughn. Propriation of section 36, 17, 4, Zadock Street. This plat is bounded from the alley between High and Green Streets on the north to the alley between Dry and Race on the south, and west of Range Street to one hundred and eighty feet west of Howard Street. It was divided east and west by Main Street, which was fifty feet wide. Water Street (now Green) was parallel with it and was forty feet wide. West High or Howard Street was-forty feet in width. All the lots were laid out sixty feet wide by one hundred and eighty feet in length. An addition was afterwards made from the Straughn land on the south of one tier of lots, one hundred and eighty feet in length by sixty in width, reaching to Race Street. Additions were made to the territory from time to time, and, below is given the boundary established before the annexation in 1867, as given in the petition to the Commissioners in that year : " Being in the county of Columbiana, and being parts of section 5 and section 6, in township 15, range 3 ; parts of section 31 and section 32 in township 16, range 3 ; part of section 36 in township 17, range 4 ; and part of section 1 in township 16, range 4; and being all the land contained in the following bounds which is not now within the limits of said village, and beginning on the south line of said section 32, and one and one-fourth miles east of the southwest corner, of said section 31, run from /hence north three-fourths of a mile, thence west two miles, thence south one and a half miles, thence east two miles, thence north three-fourths of a mile to the place of beginning." The town of Salem was incorporated by act of Assembly passed Jan. 8, 1830. TOWNSHIP OF PERRY - 209 The following constitutes the present boundary of the village, as taken from official records, in the mayor's office, of May 28, 1867 : “A plat of the incorporated village of Salem, amended by the order of the commissioners of said county : for the present limits of said village, begin at a stone in the middle of section 6, thence north 15-M chains ; thence east, 3 31/100, chains ; thence north, 22 28/100 chains ; thence 17 12/100 chains; thence north, 18 78/100, chains ; thence west, 28 65/100 chains ; thence south, 23̊ 54' ; west, 23 91/100 chains ; thence south, 31 52/100, chains ; thence east, 17 14/00, chains ; thence south, 11 60/100 chains ; thence east, 38 74/00 chains, to the place of beginning of the present limits. Being parts of sections 5 and 6, township 15, range 3 ; parts of sections 31 and 32, township 16, range 3 ; parts of section 36, township 17, range 4 ; and part of section 1, township 16, range 4, in said county." SALEM IN 1809. Recollections of Salem, as it appeared in the early part of the fall of 1809, as given by James W. Leach. Mr. Leach was brought up in the family of Joshua Wright, who lived about four miles south, on the Lisbon road. In the fall of that year they went through what is now the village of Salem, on a visit to John Spencer, a son-in-law of Mr. Wright, who lived about two and one-half miles west of that town. As they came from the south the first house was Israel Gaskell's, situated where Zadock Street's house now stands, on Lisbon Street, and at the place where that street intersects what is now Main Street, which was then laid out. The log cabin of Samuel Davis could be seen to the northwest, on the spot where stands the Hawley House. Turning into the main street, the first dwelling was a log cabin, occupied by Price Blake as a house of entertainment, and situated on the south side of the street, on a lot now vacant, and nearly opposite Jacob Heaton's present residence. The next building was the brick meeting-house of theFriends, on the same side of the street, near where Whinnery Block now stands. Opposite stood a log school-house, about 18 by 22 feet in size. Still farther west was a hewed-log cabin, on the north side of the street, near what is now Green Street. On the south side of the street lived Zadock Street, in a log cabin, in which he also kept a store. At this point the street intersected with the township-lines, and a road ran along between the sections. A little farther on was a hewed-log cabin, occupied by Thomas Cohn. Robert French was on the north side of Main Street, and lived where his grandson Robert now lives. Northward, about a mile distant, lived two brothers, James and Barzilla French. John Strawn lived on the south side of the main street, where a Mr. Webb now lives, south of Robert French and Job Cook. Joseph Rhodes lived on 'a farm east of Job Cook, where Samuel Street now lives, while Isaac Barber lived farther west, on the north side. Jonathan Stanley lived west of Mr. Rhodes' farm, and adjoining Mr. Cook's, where his grandson at present resides. Joel Sharp lived on the farm adjoining what is now the Hope Cemetery, on the Canfield road. Jonathan Evans lived about half a mile east, on the main street, and east of Mr. Gaskell's, where his son Philip now lives. 27 SALEM IN 1842. It will be a matter of interest, perhaps, to present the business interests of the village as they were in 1842, as given in the first number of the Villoge Register, which appeared on the 12th of April of that year : " Salem is situated in Columbiana Co., Ohio, about sixty miles west of Pittsburgh, and near the same distance south of Lake Erie. It contains a population of more than one thousand, and is located in the midst of a well-improved farming district. It is pleasantly situated on a slight elevation, but the country around is for the most part level. It was laid out some thirty-five years since, but has improved more rapidly of late than formerly. Most of the houses are frame, though a considerable number are brick. It contains two woolen-manufactories, one foundry, thirteen stores, mostly extensive, six or seven drug-shops and groceries, three taverns, one tin-shop, one watchmaker-shop, two hatter-shops, seven tailor-shops, one coverlet-weaver, one stocking-weaver, and other weaving-establishments, four cabinetmakers' shops, nine boot-and-shoe shops, five coachmakers' shops, ten blacksmiths' shops, twenty-five or thirty carpenters, two chairmakers, and numerous other workshops and mechanics of various kinds, also three lawyers and four physicians, six houses for worship, and five schools." An omission in the first paper was supplied in the second by the addition of an " extensive plow-making establishment, then saddler and harness-makers' shops, affording employment to six or seven hands, one whitesmith, one dentist, one cooper-shop, one machine-mowing establishment. One of the woolen-manufactories furnishes employment for near forty hands." A WONDER OF YESTERDAY. The village register of June 14, 1842, contains the following "There is now at Greiner's tavern, across the way from our office, an opportunity of seeing the remarkable and mysterious process of taking mysterious likenesses by the reflection of light. It is called daguerreotype, from its inventor, Daguerre. " Wm. Rakestraw is the name of the young man who has the apparatus, and we have seen several drawings that he has taken, which for accuracy and close resemblance could scarcely be surpassed. The invention is new, and it requires but a very few minutes for a person to sit, in clear weather, to have the pleasure (or mortification, as the case might be) of seeing on a plate his head, shoulders, and visage all minutely detailed." THE PRESENT VILLAGE. Salem is situated in north latitude 40̊ 51', west longitude 81̊, at an elevation of 1185 feet, and has a valuation of $2,108,187. In this year-1879—it has a population of about 4200 inhabitants, and contains ten churches (four Friends' meeting-houses, and three Methodist, one Baptist, one Disciple, one Episcopalian), four banks, one union-school building, post-office, gas-works, three hotels, a townhouse, four insurance-offices, three newspaper-offices,—including one of a monthly journal,--express- and telegraph- 210 - HISTORY OF COLUMBIANA COUNTY, OHIO. offices, railroad station, many wholesale manufacturing establishments, and stores devoted to the various branches of trade. There are also twenty-one physicians, five dentists, and eleven lawyers. Several fine brick structures are on the principal streets, among which are the " Gurney," " Pow," and " Mercantile" Blocks. The buildings of the manufacturing establishments are of brick, and extensive. Many of the residences are also of brick. SALEM FIRE DEPARTMENT. The first official movement of the town council looking towards protection from fire and the establishment of a fire department was at a meeting of that body, May 10, 1831. Jacob Snider and Benj. Stanton were appointed a committee " to appropriate $10 to purchasing ladders and fire-hooks, and to provide places of deposit." The next action was on the 11th of April, 1836, when a resolution was offered in the town council, " That a committee of three be appointed to make investigation and report to a future session of the council of what measures they may deem it necessary for the council to adopt relative to protection against damages by fire." Saml. C. Trescott, Aaron Hise, and Benj. Stanton were appointed such committee. At the meeting of the council in June of the same year, it was resolved, " That there be six scaling-ladders provided for the use of the town in cases of fire, and that there be a suitable shed provided for their safekeeping. Saml. C. Trescott, Aaron Hise, and Isaac Boone are appointed a committee to carry the above resolution into effect." July 24, 1836, the committee on provision against damage by fire made their report, and on motion it was resolved, " That there be an ordinance making it obligatory on each freeholder, resident in town, to provide and keep two leather fire-buckets for the house in which such householder resides, and two fire-buckets, either of leather or tin, for each house which he shall hold for rent, said buckets to be kept under such regulations as the council shall direct. J. J. Brooks and Benj. Stanton are appointed a committee to present an ordinance for that purpose to a future sitting of the council." July 28, 1836, the council went into further consideration of the report of the committee on the subject of preventing damages by fire, and adopted the following preamble and resolution : " Whereas, Henry Mall and Amos Hawley have proposed to sink and put in order for use wells, each in front of his respective lots where they now reside, provided the town of Salem will be at one-half the expense. Therefore, it is " Resolved, That the town council of the said town accept said proposition, and authorize an appropriation for that purpose, provided said Mall and Hawley, in constructing of said wells, conform to the direction of the committee which the council shall appoint to super intend the same, and leave the wells, when completed, to the control of the council. Samuel Reynolds and Aaron Hise are appointed to superintend the said work, and instructed to have said wells six feet wide in the clear after walling, and to have them finished with pumps." On Oct. 26, 1836, $100 had been subscribed by citizens to procure a fire-engine, which was offered by an agent of the American Hydraulic Company. The council deeming it expedient to purchase it at the price demanded ($250), the president was authorized to give an order for the amount, and the subscriptions were paid into the treasury. Feb. 6, 1837, the council dered a building erected,— 10 by 12 feet in size, and costin about $60,—in which to keep the flre-engine. It was to be placed on the Friends' property, opposite the dwelling of Amos Hawley. On the 22d of September, 1837, it was resolved " to dig three wells in the street in the following places : one at the corner, at Wm. Chaney's house ; one between the engine-house on the corner of the street and Benj. Stanton's house; and one at the cross street, at John Street's." The wells were to be seven feet clear of wall, provided with good pumps, and completed at a total cost of $178.30 1/2. Measures were taken in the councils of' the town to encourage the organization of a fire company ; and on March 21 and 29, 1841, an ordinance was perfected authorizing the formation of such a company. In April of that year a company was organized, in accordance with the ordinance, called the " Salem Fire Company." James Eggman, John Antrim, Wm. Kidd, and E. W. Williams were chosen a committee to examine the fire-engine and give it into the possession of the company. This engine was known by the name of " Soul-grinder." I. C. Marshall was secretary of the company in 1842. July 17, 1841, for the more efficient security of property, it was deemed advisable to purchase another fire-engine. The citizens had subscribed liberally, and the president was instructed to subscribe $166 to make the full sum needed, which was $700. Samuel Scattergood was appointed agent of the council to make the purchase. The engine was purchased of John Agnew, of Philadelphia, and was taken in charge by the Salem Fire Company, and was known by the name of " Columbiana." It was afterwards remodeled, and, upon the organization of Deluge Fire Company, was given into their charge. June 13, 1861, a committee was appointed to visit Pittsburgh to purchase a fire-engine, and, upon their favorable report the band-engine " Vigilant" was purchased for the sum of $1450, and placed under the management of the "Vigilant Fire Insurance Company ;" the town-hall being enlarged to accommodate the additional fire-apparatus. A contract was entered into between the town council and H. C. Silsby, June 25, 1869, for a rotary steam-fire engine, to cost, $7500. This engine was received, and passed under the charge of the " Deluge Fire Company." A cistern was located, March 17, 1874, on the corner of Fourth and &Inlay Streets, in front of the school-house. At a meeting of the town council, March 23, 1875, it was resolved that N. B. Garrigues be authorized to place a " Clapp & Jones" steam-fire engine in the village on trial, and Apia 20th it was voted to retain it. The total cost was $3700. It was named the " Vigilant," and given into the possession of " Vigilant Fire Company." Fire Companies.—The first company (organized in April, 1841) was, by the ordinance, to contain twenty men. The minutes do not show that number, and it was not until November, 1847, that by-laws seem to have been drawn up. In section 1 this company was designated the " Salem Fire Company," the name previously adopted. TOWNSHIP OF PERRY - 211 The two engines—" Soul-grinder" and " Columbiana"—were controlled by this company until 1869. April 6th of that year a constitution was adopted, and the company was to be known and designated as the " Vigilant Fire Company." The officers chosen were Thos. C. Boone, President ; J. M. Stratton, Vice-President ; Thos. J. Walton, Secretary ; Chas. Boone, Treasurer ; Peter Ambler, Captain ; Nathan Hunt, First Engineer ; John Moore, John Gibbs, Second Engineers. May 4, 1875, Thos. J. Walton, in behalf of the " Vigilant Fire Company," stated to the town council that the company had accepted the offer by the council of the new steamer. The present officers are Thos. C. Boone, President ; J. M. Stratton, Vice-President ; Thos. J. Walton, Secretary ; Wm. Cooke, Treasurer ; Nathan Hunt, First Engineer. The present membership of the company is 94. “Deluge Fire Company" was organized in May, 1865, and took charge of the " Columbiana," and, upon the purchase by the town council of the Silsby steamer, the latter also was also given to their charge. The first officers were T. J. Mendenhall, President ; E. A. Lease, Vice-President ; C. C. Snyder, Secretary ; J. R. Vernon, Treasurer ; and N. B. Garrigues, Foreman. The company enrolled 65 members at its organization. This company was reorganized, under a new constitution, May 4, 1875. Foreman, D. B. H. Neas ; Assistant Foreman, John Marshall ; First Assistant Foreman, Eugene Lease; Second Assistant Foreman, Thos. Iceman ; Third Assistant Foreman, P. Barnhouse ; Fourth Assistant Foreman, Stanton Neas ; First Engineer, A. Tucker ; Second Engineer, A. H. Brewster ; First Assistant Engineer, J. M. Vickers ; Second Assistant Engineer, Isaac Mendenhall ; Secretary and Treasurer, J. L. Miller. The company has at present 74 members. " Rescue Hook and Ladder Company" was organized March 31, 1875, with Frank Webster as Foreman ; W. E. Dew, First Assistant Foreman ; W. Cassius Webster, Second Assistant Foreman ; C. Bonsell, Secretary ; S. Willson, Treasurer. They have at present 23 members. The officers for 1879 are as follows : Joseph Smith, Foreman ; Philip Royer, First Assistant Foreman ; Chas. Strawn, Secretary ; Geo. D. Smith, Treasurer. N. B. Garrigues is chief of the fire department. WATER-WORKS. A large spring on the Davis or Hawley farm supplies the village with water. In 1860, Abel Phillips built a reservoir of brick, 24 1/2 by 41 feet, and covered it ; also a tower with two tanks, one above the other, and each 20 feet in diameter. The top of the upper tank was 26 feet from the ground. Friday, May 30th, of that year, after the pumping of the day, the water rose in the reservoir six inches in two hours, showing the spring's capacity to be about 1750 gallons an hour. A. contract was made with the authorities in 1862, under which iron pipes were laid through the village, supplying water for domestic and for fire purposes. The works were sold to Daniel Koll, who sold them in 1868 to L. B. Silver, who in turn sold them in February, 1879, to A. B. Silver, of the Silver and Deming Manufacturing Company. The pumps are worked by an engine, which carries the furniture manufactory of J. & C. Hinshelwood. ARTESIAN WELL. In 1860 a number of persons in Salem, prominent among whom were John Sheets and Benjamin Pennock, put down an artesian well with the hope of finding oil. The boring was made at a point a little east of the Methodist Episcopal church on Broadway. At the depth of one hundred and eighty feet a vein of water was struck, which filled a four-inch tube and rose seven feet above the surface. This unsought spring has maintained its copious flow to the present time. The well was purchased by Abel Phil-Slips, who leased the property, for a term of fifty years, to the gas and railroad companies, having first laid pipes to the premises of these corporations. The works are now owned by Albert R. Silver. SALEM CIVIL LIST. PRESIDENTS, 1830 TO 1850. John Campbell, 1830-31 ; Jacob Snyder, 1832-33; Joseph J. Brooks, 1834-36; Joseph Saxon, 1837; Joseph J. Brooks, 1838; James Eggman, 1839-42; Edward W. Williams, 1843-45; Emmor. Weaver, 1846; James Brown, 1847-50. MAYORS, 1857* TO 1879. D. Hamilton, 1857; A. Heacock, 1858-62; John Hudson, 1863-; L. B. Lockhart, 1864-67; C. Curry, 1868; Joseph Fawcett, 1869-73; M. V. Dunlap, 1874-77; J. D. Fountain, 1878--79. RECORDERS. Jacob Snyder, 1830-31 ; Benjamin Stanton, 1832-36; John Fawcett, 1837; Benjamin Stanton, 1838-39 ; Stephen Wisner, 1840; B. B. Davis, 1841 ; Thomas Kennett, 1842 ; James Eggman, 1843-46 ; James H. Cook, 1847; Charles L. Cook, 1848-50; J. Eggman, 1857-59; Charles It Garrigues, 1860; P. Ambler, 1861-62; Thomas Y. French, 1863; Samuel Hardman, 1864-66; Joseph F. Snider, 1867 ; Wm. Eastman, 1868-69; T. S. Baird, 1870; S. B. Richards, 1871-72 ; Jos. Reitzell, 1873; N. B. Garrigues, 1874; George Holmes, 1875-77; O. C. Sturgeon, 1878-79. SCHOOLS. The township was divided into five districts soon after its organization, and, being farmed from four townships, receives portion of its school fund from each. District No. 2 receives its proportion from the township of Greene ; District No. 3, from Goshen ; District No. 4, from Butler ; and District No. 5, from Salem. The Salem town district is No. 1, and receives its fund from all the townships. The enumeration of the children of school 4 in the districts, except No. 1, has been for seven years last past as follows : 1872, 1873, and 1874, 273; 1875, 292 ; 1876, 280 ; 1877, 260 ; 1878, 273. The enumeration of 1878 for the Salem District No. 1 is 1171. In 1876 a report of the progress 6f the schools in Salem was prepared. Much time and attention was given to research, and the early history of education in Salem and vicinity was thoroughly reviewed. Subjoined will be found the result of such research, as embodied in the State report, prepared expressly for the Centennial Exhibition of 1876: " HISTORY OF THE EDUCATIONAL PROGRESS OF SALEM, OHIO, 1876. "History of the Salem schools prior to the organization of the graded system.—It is not certainly known who kept * Names of presidents or mayors from 1850 to 1857 were not found. 212 - HISTORY OF COLUMBIANA COUNTY, OHIO. the first school in the borough. Joseph Shreve, who was for many years engaged in a school under the direction of the Society of Friends (Quakers), wrote and published two poems on the conclusion of his teaching, and gave with them a list of the names of the Salem teachers. In one stanza he thus alludes to himself and one of the early teachers : " Nor to myself let me too much engross,— The pious FISHER nursed thy early days ; She long bestowed attention strict and close, Beneath whose efforts Science spread her rays.' " This was Hannah Fisher. Judith Townsend was the first named on the list. A man named James Craig is said to have kept school in the vicinity about that time. These were undoubtedly the first teachers in the place. " The names of Nathan Ball, Moses Stanley, Caleb Hunt, and Ann Warrington are given as teachers succeeding those above named. They kept such schools as could be made up for one quarter at a time, at a certain rate per pupil. The first schools were kept in rooms fitted for the purpose. The old meeting-house (the first built in the town) that stood back of the site of the town-hall was for a while used as a school-room. The first house, exclusively for school purposes, was a hewed-log structure, and was built where the Republican office now stands. This was done about the year 1810 or 1811. In the fall of 1809, John Shreve came to Salem (his first arrival), and he was engaged to keep a school during the following winter. In the spring he returned to Pennsylvania. After him came two lady teachers. " Then TOLERTON, with stern commanding brow, Bade Mathematics lift her piercing eye; Bade freakish youth no rigid order bow, And rising powers neglected grammar try.' " It was in the fall of 1811 that James Tolerton took charge of the school, and until some time in the year 1816 he was the principal teacher L Salem. He was the father of Robert and Hill Tolerton, so well known to the citizens of Salem. He gained a great reputation for skill in training bad boys, and is said to have used the rod freely. But there is no account of any interference with his discipline by parents whose affection for their wayward sons was stronger than their judgment, which is a failing too common among the parents at this time, and too often causes the demoralization of schools, and helps fast children to the position of head of the family. Several teachers followed Mr. Tolerton, whose terms were short. Among them were (1814) Susannah Hewett, (1815) Martha Townsend (now relict of Dr. Stanton), Benjamin Marshall, Daniel Stratton, Joshua Shinn, and others. " In April, 1822, Joseph Shreve again came to Salem, and commenced teaching in the log school house on Main Street,—the same mentioned above. For about eleven years his school was the principal one in the town. In 1827 or 1828 a brick school-house was erected on the lot, now vacant; at the corner of Broadway and Dry Streets. The expense of building was defrayed by contributions from the Friends, and the schools held in it were under the direction of their Monthly meeting. This house was built under the direction of the teacher, who was much pleased with its internal arrangements, though it was far behind the improvements of the present day. This school increased in interest, and many young persons came and boarded in Salem to attend. The teacher was in many particulars just the man for the place. He was one of the best teachers of his day, and he had the entire confidence- of the Friends. His good standing in their society helped him much. The interest that he felt in his work may be inferred from the following stanzas : "' Hail, Salem School ! still dearer thou to me, When pensive fancy to the future strays, And time draws near that I must part with thee, Who rocked the cradle of thy infant days. "' Here long to teach has been my toilsome lot, Yet sweet endearments found in many a heart; While duties pressed, with varied labors fraught, Knowledge to half a thousand to impart.’ " Many of his pupil's afterwards became teachers, and there are many persons about Salem now who have pleasant remembrances of happy times in that school. He had several assistants at different times, among whom might be mentioned his brother Thomas and sister Eliza, In the spring of 1832 he closed his school, and published a poem on its conclusion, and also one on that of the previous winter. From them some quotations are given in this history. He afterwards engaged in the practice of medicine at Mt. Union. In this profession he was as popular and successful as in teaching. He died in 1846. In 1829-30, Mr. Samuel Ruckman kept a school in a frame house on Green Street. It was called a ' district school,' but the school system was not then in such a condition as to render much help to teachers. About the same time a school was kept in the Friends' meeting house on Green Street by Jonathan Thomas. Some others were kept for short terms in the same house. In 1830 a brick school-house was built at the corner of Green and Chestnut Streets, and during the following winter James Tolerton was engaged there. Eliza Shreve also kept one term in that house. The next winter Mr. Jacob Heaton was teacher, and the next Martin Heckard. The latter was a rigid disciplinarian, and in many particulars a goodacher. It was about this time that Mr. P. R. Spencer first visited Salem and introduced his system of penmanship. Mr. Heckard eagerly adopted it, and taught it in his school. " In the summer of 1834 Amos Gilbert came to Salem from Lancaster Co., Pa. His arrival and subsequent teaching made a notable era in the school interest of the place. He was a man of thought, and his greatest ambition was to set others to thinking. In teaching, natural philosophy was his hobby. He took much delight in communicating facts in nature, and he had great respect for the Pestalozzian system of education. Some time in the next year he was joined by his son-in-law, Abner G. Kirk. In 1836 his connection with this school ceased, and Mr. Kirk continued in it some time longer. He was succeeded by Benjamin B. Davis, who, after a few terms, engaged with a few other persons in starting the Village Register, the first successful newspaper enterprise in the town. Several inefficient teachers followed, and the school became much demoralized. In TOWNSHIP OF PERRY - 213 1843, Reuben McMillan taught a term with good success. This was his beginning. " Among the teachers who taught between 1843 and 1853 were Lewis T. Park, Jesse Holmes, Jesse Markham, and Wm. McClain. Col. T. C. Boone, the present president of the board of education, says he went to school in Salem to Wm. McClain in 1839 or 1840, and to Abner G. Kirk in 1843.* From this we conclude that Mr. McClain taught at two different times, and that Mr. Kirk must have taught in all about seven years. Mr. Holmes taught, with great success, for the Hicksite Friends, in 1847-48-49, first in their meeting-house and next in the brick schoolhouse built by them on Green Street, now used as a dwelling-house. After this, in the same house, Mr. McClain taught a private high-school. " In the first schools nothing was taught but reading, spelling, writing, and arithmetic. In the schools kept by J. Tolerton and D. Stratton, grammar and surveying were taught. In J. Shreve's school the additional branches were geography and astronomy. The Latin language was first taught in a select school kept by Rev. Jacob Coon, in 1844 —45 ; history, the higher branches of mathematics, and the natural sciences were much taught after the adoption of the union system, and to some extent before. " The first schools were made up by subscribing an article of agreement prepared by the teacher. Each subscriber agreed to send and pay for the tuition of one or more pupils. . The usual rate in the first schools was $1.50 per quarter for each pupil. Some teachers did not get more than $1. In 1830 some of the best teachers received $2 per pupil, and then the terms rose gradually to what they now are in select schools and academies. Prior to the adoption of the graded system, it was customary to have school on every alternate Saturday, and twenty-four days of teaching made a school month. In the first schools the teachers made their own specific regulations, there being then no directors or examiners. The Quaker schools were under the direction of a committee appointed by the Monthly meeting, who had control of the house, appointed teachers, and visited the school from time to time, the teachers receiving all the tuition fees. "History of the Salem schools since the organization of the graded system.—The records of the board of education are incomplete, all the minute-books being lost except the one now used by the clerk, which has been in use less than three years. From the medley of old papers the following facts have been gleaned : "A poll-book dated April 11, 1853, shows that in accordance with the act of March 14, 1853, 110 voters assembled at the district school-house and voted for school-directors. Joseph J. Brooks received 100 votes, and Alfred Wright and Isaac Snider each 87. Mr. Brooks was to serve for three years, and it was decided by lot that Alfred Wright should serve for two years, and Isaac Snider for one year. Stacy Hunt was chairman of the election, and C. D. Bassett was secretary. * In the second number of vol. i. of the Village Register, April 19, 1842, is the notice of a seminary for young ladies. It states that Misses E. W. Richards and Leah Heaton had opened a school on the 11th of April, "where the various branches of a thorough English education will be taught on the most approved plan." "Among the records is a notice dated April 25, 1853, calling upon the qualified voters to meet at 10 A.M., May 14, 1853, at the district school-house, to vote by ballot for or against an act entitled ' an act for the better regulation of public schools in cities, towns, etc.,' passed Feb. 21, 1849. This notice was signed by James Woodruff, Henry P. Reitzell, James Brown, Jr.,* Benj. Stanton,* Peter H. Boswell, Anthony Gongwer,* Lewis Keen, Philip Mathews, Clayton Sharp, + John Harris, Joel Sharp, Allan Boyle, John Gibbons,* Wm. B. Ryus, + Elias Wolfley,* Robert Grimmesey, R. Schooley,* T. F. Sharpnack, John Sheets,* John Callahan, Richard H. Garrigues,* Geo. B. Weaver, + Geo. Sheets,* J. W. Casselberry, Samuel C. Taylor, James Barnaby,* Isaac Snider, J. C. Whinnery, Jacob Heaton, Wm. C. McCracken, + Wm. Pidgeon, John Hudson, Benjamin Wisner, F. H. Bently, Wm. McClain, + Wm. H. G-arrigues, + B. W. Casselberry, Isaac G. Thomas, Simeon Sharp, and J. W. Grimmesey. + " The names marked with a star are of persons deceased, and those with a dagger of persons not now residents of Salem. Capt. Jacob Heaton secured the signatures to the notice. " The election was held and the law adopted, although the poll-book has not been found. A poll-book dated May 30, 1853, shows that 102 persons voted for members of the board of education required by the law of 1849. The persons elected were Isaac Snider (85) and Jacob Heaton (81) for three years, Richard Garrigues (78) and John Harris (85) for two years, and Clayton Sharp (80) and Eli Davidson (51) for one year. Alfred Wright had one vote for three years ; John Hudson, one for two years, and 48 for one year. " The clerk of this election was Emmor T. Weaver, and the judges, Enos Eldridge, John Neas, and Wm. Ryus. " The members of the board were qualified on June 3, 1853, by Geo. B. Weaver, justice of the peace. " We learn from a bond for $2000, dated June 13, 1853, signed by Jacob Heaton, Jonas D. Cattell, and Geo. B. Weaver, that Jacob Heaton was appointed treasurer for one year. " It seems from bills for teaching, presented to Messrs. Brooks, Wright, and Snider in their brief reign, that S. M. Galbreath, J. Markham, E. S. Seymour, C. E. Siple, M. Hambleton, and N. Plummer had been teaching within the year preceding the change in the law. "A report by J. Markham of his school for the term beginning April 11 and ending July 1, 1853, shows an enrolment of ' 104 males, 139 females, and an average daily attendance of 62 males and 82 females.' The branches taught were Orthography, Reading, Writing, Arithmetic, English Grammar, and Geography. " A certificate, dated July 22, 1853, issued to Miss Rebecca Stratton, signed by Joseph S. H. Grimes, Benj. Stanton, and Thomas Y. French, shows that the board of education had appointed these gentlemen as local examiners. The certificate was valid for nine months, and included, besides the ordinary branches, Natural Philosophy, Chemistry, Physiology, Botany, and Algebra. On the 27th they issued a certificate to Mrs. Rebecca McClain, valid for the same time, including Painting and Drawing in addition to the ordinary branches. 214 - HISTORY OF COLUMBIANA COUNTY, OHIO. " Nine-month certificates for the ordinary branches were issued on the 27th to May A. Boswell and Miss C. H. Pinkham, signed by Messrs. Grimes and Stanton. Mr. Grimes omitted the H. in his signature in all the certificates named except that to Rebecca Stratton. " Mr. Wm. McClain, who had been teaching a high-school on Green Street, was employed by the board of education to take charge of the high-school under the graded system. Jesse Markham was also employed to superintend all the grades below the high-school. " In 1854 the board of education employed as superintendent Mr. A. Holbrook, for the last twenty years principal of the National normal school, Lebanon, Ohio. He gave one hour extra labor per day to induce the board to allow him three hours per day for supervision of the several departments. From three departments he reorganized the school into six departments, giving each teacher the exclusive charge of about 40 pupils. Mr. Holbrook was raid $1200 a year,—a larger salary than was paid at that time by any village in Ohio for a superintendent. " Reuben McMillan, for several years past the successful superintendent of the public schools of Youngstown, Ohio, followed Mr. Holbrook in 1855, and continued as superintendent and principal of the high-school for six years. He says, I found the schools in good running condition, as left by my predecessor, Mr. Holbrook. I found a good corps of teachers and an energetic wide-awake set of pupils that would have done honor to any town. During my connection with the school the number of pupils increased, so that new rooms had to be rented and occupied till the new building on Fourth Street, commenced in 1860, could' be finished. During that time the Friends' school was suspended, which gave the public schools an accession of many choice young people. Their house was occupied by one of our primary schools. " ' During my administration in connection with the high-school, there were 204 females and 156 male students, a. very large per cent. of whom are still living, and most of them are intelligent and useful citizens, and are in honorable professional or business positions in Salem and elsewhere. Of these at least 103 became teachers, some for a time ; others are still teaching.' " In 1861 the board employed as superintendent the Hon. H. H. Barney, the first State commissioner of common schools of Ohio, at a salary of $1000. He entered upon his duties at the beginning of the winter term in 1861, and resigned a few weeks after the beginning of the fall terra- of 1862. Under his administration the board prepared and published, in pamphlet form, a full list of rules and regulations. "Mr. Barney was succeeded by J. C. Cummings, who served about a year and a half, when ill-health closed his school labors. " The 16th of August, 1864, W. D. Henkle entered upon the duties of superintendent, and continued to serve for eleven years, except two years, from 1869 to 1871, when he served as State commissioner of common schools, which office he resigned to return to Salem. When absent his place was filled by Prof. M. C. Stevens, principal of the high-school, who conducted the schools without any change of plan. In each of these eleven years the superintendent prepared, and the board caused to be published, a sixteen-page pamphlet giving full statistics of the schools, thus making the record complete for these years. The schools were numbered from 1 to 10, the latter being the high-school. A pupil remained one year in each room, until he reached No. 9, in which he remained three years, thus making eleven years' preparation to reach the high-school. The average age of the pupils on entering the high-school was nearly seventeen, thus giving them more maturity than is found in the schools of many cities. In this eleven years the examinations were all conducted by the superintendent, who also examined all the papers of the written examinations. The number of examinations conducted in the year 1873-74 was 1024. Mr. Henkle served at different salaries,—one year at $1000, two years at $1200, one year at $1500, one at $2000, one at $2250, and three at $2500. Mr. Stevens' salary as superintendent for two years was $1500. " In 1875, Mr. Henkle having succeeded the Hon. E. E. White in the editorship of the Ohio Educational Monthly and National Teacher, the board of education employed Capt. Wm. Wood, late superintendent of the public schools of Findlay, Ohio, to manage the schools. Since his administration began, last September, several material changes have been made in the course of study in the high-school, the grading and the mode of conducting the examinations, etc. These are referred to more specifically under the head of Present Organization.' THE HIGH-SCHOOL. " The high-school of Salem was organized immediately after the adoption of the graded system in 1853. Previous to its organization select schools of a higher grade had existed, and had been very extensively patronized by the town and surrounding country. In these the higher branches of mathematics seem to have occupied a prominent place, and continued to do so after the change. As a rule, the classics and studies relating to languages have found less favor among Friends—the early settlers and fashioners, to a great extent, of public sentiment in Salem —than mathematics and natural science. " The high-school from its earlier days maintained a high order of excellence both in discipline and acquirements ; its pupils were taught to think, to compare, to judge for themselves, to regard the education of the school-room as a means rather than an end. " No regular course of study was ever insisted on until 1864, when, under the supervision of W. D. Henkle, a course was prescribed and rigidly adhered to through his administration. Since his retirement this course has been so modified as to make Latin elective. At present it stands as follows " First year : Algebra ; Physiology ; Physical Geography ; Latin Grammar and Reader, or English Grammar and Composition. " Second year : Algebra ; Geometry ; General History ; Natural Philosophy; Cmsar and Virgil, or Natural History and Botany. "Third year : Geometry; Trigonometry; Analytical Ge- TOWNSHIP OF PERRY - 215 ometry ; Chemistry ; Astronomy ; Virgil and Cicero, or Rhetoric and Literature. " Fourth year : Mental Philosophy, Logic, Civil Government, Literature, Geology, Reviews. " Exercises in declamation and composition throughout the course. Nearly all the pupils now in attendance have selected the Latin course. " The first class graduated in 1865. The whole number of graduates to the present time is fifty. " It has not been at any time the aim of the high-school to prepare pupils for college. Its ordinary classes have furnished ample facilities for such preparation, with the exception of Greek, which has been met by private teachers. " The standard for admission to the high-school has varied little for the past ten years ; in brief, it may be said that a good knowledge of the common branches and American history will admit all applicants. " At first, and for a number of years after the adoption of the union system, the superintendent was ex-officio principal of the high-school. " The growing exigencies of the school finally demanding nearly all his time and attention in supervision, the offices are now, and have been since 1874, entirely distinct. " The following statements make reference to prominent teachers of the high-school other than the superintendents: " Miss Jennie Breckenridge was associated with Mr. Holbrook as teacher. Under the superintendency of Mr. McMillan, Mr. Howard Gilbert, assisted for a brief period by Miss Ryder, taught the principal classes. To these succeeded, in 1857, Mr. T. E. Suliot, whose name is to-day held in grateful remembrance by pupils both in the Old and New World, and Miss R. A. Prunty. Mr. Suliot's connection with the school ceased in 1862, and Miss Prunty continued her faithful labors till 1866, when she resigned to become the wife of Dr. J. L. Firestone. Mr. T. C. Mendenhall succeeded Mr. Suliot in 1863, and remained three years. In 1866, Mr. Horace Hollister and Miss M. A. Southard assumed the management, Mr. Hollister remaining one year, and Miss Southard five. Mr. M. C. Stevens, the present able principal, has held the office since 1867, with the exception of two years filled by Mr. A. Blunt, when Mr. S. acted as superintendent. Miss Southard's place has been occupied successively by Miss Mary B. Wakefield, one term ; Miss S. J. Bushee, and Miss S. A. Platt, the present occupant. " The public schools of Salem in all their departments have been an object of just pride and gratification to its citizens. Especially is this true of the high school. May they long continue a centre of light and knowledge to the community ! PRESENT ORGANIZATION. "Board of Education : Col. T. C. Boone, President ; R. A. Kirk, Treasurer; Judge P. A. Laubie, Eli Sturgeon, M.D., Mayor M. V. Dunlap, and J. P. Hogan ; Clerk, William Eastman. " Board of Examiners : J. M. Kuhn, M.D., J. B. Strawn, and W. D. Henkle. " Superintendent : Capt. William S. Wood. “The school-year comprises forty weeks, and is divided into four terms of ten weeks each. " The daily sessions commence at 8.45 A.M. and 1.55 P.M., and close at 11.50 A.M. and 4 P.M. " The average scholar completes the work of a grade in one year. " There are twelve grades, numbered from 1, the lowest, to 12, the highest. Grades 9, 10, 11, and 12 constitute the high-school. With a single exception, there is but one grade to a teacher below the high-school. " In the course of study adopted this school year the work of each year is divided into terms' work, and a programme is arranged to complete it, and is posted in the respective rooms. " In all the grades below the high-school, Reading, Spelling, Arithmetic, Music, and Penmanship are taught ; Objects and Common Things, Composition and Drawing, in Grades 1, 2, 3, and 4 ; Geography and Map-Drawing, in Grades 4, 5, and 6; and a review once a week, in 7 and 8 ; Elementary Physics, in Grade 7 ; Grammar, in 4, 5, 6, 7, and 8. " Written examinations in every study, through all the grades, are made six times a year, and results recorded. " In every school the pupils are seated according to rank in studies at their last written examination. " The superintendent takes entire charge of the classification of the schools, and examines the two lowest grades in principal studies, orally as well as in writing, near the close of the school year. He occasionally holds other special examinations, both oral and written. "Boards of Education.-The reputation of the schools has been largely due to its efficient boards of education, who have sought to employ first-class teachers. " The first board under the law of 1849 was elected in 1853. Jacob Heaton and Isaac Snider were chosen for three years, Richard Garrigues and John Harris for two years, and Clayton Sharp and Eli Davidson for one year. At the following election two members were regularly chosen to serve three years. In 1854, John Hudson and Eli Davidson were chosen ; in 1855, John G. Whim cry and Samuel Chessman ; in 1856, Jacob Heaton (63)* . nd Stacy Hunt (65) ; in 1857, Allan Boyle (51) and Albe t French (52) ; in 1858, J. C. Whinnery (131) and W. P. W West (104) ; in 1859, Jacob Heaton (132) and John Hudson 137) ; in 1860, Allan Boyle (?) and Abel Carey (?) ; it 186 , Calvin C. Brainard (144) and Alex. Pow (90) and Wm. P. West (86), to serve out the time of Dr. Carey, removed from the district into the country ; in 1862, J. C. Whinnery (263) and John W. Fawcett (177) ; in 1863, Jonathan K. Rukenbrod (179) and Charles R. Taber and Wm. Eastman (178), to serve for two years in place of John W. Fawcett ; in 1864, Calvin C. Brainard and Alex. Pow ; in 1865, J. C. Whinnery and Wm. Eastman ; in 1866, Charles R. Taber (95) and J. K. Rukenbrod (69) ; in 1867, Alex. Pow and C. C. Brainard and E. H. Price, one year ; in 1868, Wm. Eastman (298) and Allan Boyle (192) ; in 1869, L. B. Lockard (134) and J. K. Rukenbrod (143) ; in 1870, Peter A. Laubie (273) and Thomas C. Boone (255); in * The figures denote votes received. 216 - HISTORY OF COLUMBIANA COUNTY, OHIO. 1871, Robert V. Hampson and Allan Boyle ; in 1872, Eli Sturgeon and Martin V. Dunlap ; in 1873, P. A. Laubie and T. C. Boone ; in 1874 no election could be held, in consequence of the repeal of the law of 1849 and the adoption of a codified school law ; in 1875, R. A. Kirk and J. P. Hogan. " Dec. 4, 1851, John W. Fawcett was appointed in place of John Hudson, who had entered the military service ; Aug. 28,1862, Wm. Eastman in place of J. W. Fawcett, who had entered the army ; Nov. 3,1866, E. H. Price in place of J. C. Whinnery, who had moved from the district ; and in 1868, L. B. Lockard in place of C. R. Taber, deceased. " The following persons have served on the examining board : Rev. J. S. H. Grimes, Dr. Benj. Stanton, Thomas Y. French, Dr. John Harris, Rev. A. B. Maxwell, Rev. J. A. Swaney, Dr. J. M. Kuhn, Rev. S. McBride, W. D. Henkle, Rev. Dr. I. N. Baird, M. C. Stevens, and Jehu B. Strawn." Since 1875 the several boards of education have been constituted as follows : 1877.—P. A. Laubie, President; Richard Pow, Treasurer ; H. P. Gamble, Clerk; I. P. Hogan, R. A. Kirk, R. P. Trimble; G. N. Carruthers, Superintendent; W. D. Henkle, J. B. Strawn, J. D. Greenamyer, Examiners. 1878.—R. P. Trimble, President; Robert Hole, Treasurer; E. K. Rukenbrod, Secretary; Richard Pow, James Woodruff, S. E. Arter, Joseph Koll; G. N. Carruthers, Superintendent; Rev. H. B. Fry, G. N. Carruthers, J. B. Strawn, Examiners. 1879.—Robert Hole, President; James Woodruff, Treasurer; E. K. Rukenbrod, Secretary; Rush Taggart, William Eastman, Joseph Koll, S. E. Arter; G. N. Carruthers, Superintendent; E. J. Godfrey, Principal; Rev. H. B. Fry, G. N. Carruthers, J. B. Strawn, Examiners. TOWNSHIP BOARDS OF EDUCATION, 1853 TO 1879. 1853.—A. B. Painter, James Cornell, Robert Tolerton, John Garwood. 1854.—William Jennings, Robert Tolerton, John Garwood, William H. Garrigues, Joseph Smith. 1855.—Joseph Smith, William Jennings, Robert Tolerton, Amos Swan. 1856.—John W. Grimmery, William Jennings, Robert Tolerton, Henry Schooley. 1857.—Robert Tolerton, William Jennings, Henry B. Schooley, James Eggman. 1858.—John W. Grimmery, Robert Tolerton, William Jennings, Charles H. Garrigues. 1859.—William Jennings, Robert Tolerton, John Grimmery, Timotby Gee. 1860.—William Jennings, R. G. Painter, Timothy Gee, Charles H. Garrigues. 1861.—Robert Tolerton, Timothy Gee, R. G. Painter, William Jennings. 1862.—Hill Tolerton, William Jennings, Timothy Gee, James McConnell. 1863.—Hill Tolerton, William Jennings, L. B. Webb, Charles H. Garrigues. 1864-65.—Hill Tolerton, John Pow, L. B. Webb, N. B. Garrigues. 1866.—Hill Tolerton, John Negus, John Pow, Angus Campbell. 1867.—Angus Campbell, Hill Tolerton, David Tilson, William Dunn. 1868.—Angus Campbell, Hill Tolerton, L. B. Webb, William Dunn. 1869.—Angus Campbell, Hill Tolerton, L. B. Webb, John Pow. 1870.—Hill Tolerton, L. B. Webb, Richard Elton, John Pow. 1871.—Hill Tolerton, L. B. Webb, Richard Elton, John Pow. 1872.—L. B. Webb, Hill Tolerton, Richard Elton, John Pow. 1873.—John Pow, Jonathan Stanley, Richard Elton, Abram Painter. 1874.—Abram Painter, Elijah Whinnery, Richard Elton, John Pow. 1875.—John Pow, George Rogers, Joel Stratton, Richard Elton. 1876.—George Rogers, John Pow, Asa W. Allen, Joel Stratton. 1877.—Asa W. Allen, William Dunn, Joel Stratton, George Rogers. 1878.—George F. Rogers, A. R. Shinn, E. P. Vansyoc, William V. Dunn. 1879.—E. P. Vansyoc, A. R. Shinn, William V. Dunn, George F. Rogers. ECCLESIASTICAL. Society of Friends.—The first settlers of the town were members of the religious Society of Friends, who first gathered for religious purposes, in the summer of 1804, in the log cabin of Samuel Davis (the pioneer settler), which stood on the spot where now stands the residence of Mrs. Sarah Hiddleson, better known, perhaps, as the Hawley house. A little later, Samuel Davis donated to the society two acres of ground for meeting-house purposes, being the square now inclosed by Main, Green, Ellsworth, and Chestnut Streets. On this plat of ground a double log cabin was erected, the chinks whereof were stopped with wooden blocks and mortar, and was used for meetings and school purposes. Quarterly meetings were held at Westland, Monthly meetings were held at Middleton in 1804-5, and Quarterly meetings established at Salem in 1808, the sixth month. In 1807 the society belonged to the Red Stone Quarterly Meeting, and in 1813 to the Baltimore Yearly Meeting, In the summer of 1807 a meeting-house of brick, and about 25 by 50 feet in size, one story high, was erected on the south side of Main Street, nearly opposite the log cabin. Joel Sharp and Aaron Stratton were the principal carpenters. The ground for this edifice was given by Israel Gaskell, and is inclosed by streets called Main, Dry, Range, and Broadway. The demand for village lots increased as the village grew, and it was decided by the Friends to sell the frontage of both plats on Main Street. A short time prior to 1828 the leaven of the principles of Elias Hicks began to work among the Friends in this vicinity, and in 1828 a separation took place, two factions being formed, known as the " Orthodox" and " Hicksite" bodies. The Hicksites organized with about 25 or 30 families, and retained a portion of the property originally deeded to the Friends by Samuel Davis. On this land they built an addition to a building owned by Dr. Benjamin Stanton, which had been used for a district school, where they worshiped till 1845, when they erected the present meeting-house, on the same property, at what is now the corner of Ellsworth and Green Streets. The first preaching in the new house was by Elias Hicks. The society is not large, many of the members having removed to the West. Meetings a held regularly. This branch belongs to the Ohio Yearly Meeting. The Salem Quarterly Meeting embraces this society in this county ; Smith, in Mahoning County ; Deer Creek, in Portage County ; and New Brighton, in Beaver Co., Pa. The Orthodox Friends, afte the separation, retained the portion of the original prop rty on Dry Street, and worshiped in the brick edifice b ilt in 1807 until 1845, when they erected, at a cost of $4000, the large and commodious brick edifice, 50 by 80 feet in size, which they now occupy. Amos Kimberly was a regularly-established preacher in the TOWNSHIP OF PERRY - 217 society, and preached for the society acceptably, before the erection of the new house of worship. Disturbances began to arise in Quarterly and Yearly meetings owing to the differences of opinion between the followers of John J. Gurney and John Wilbur, which resulted in a separation on the second Saturday of November, 1856, at Salem, into two strong factions, known as the " Gurneyites" and " Wilburites." Each party claimed the property, and each sold it, giving therefor a quit-claim deed, J. Twing Brooks becoming the purchaser in 1871. The Gurneyites purchased that portion of the property where the meeting-house stood, and where they still continue to worship. They embrace about sixteen families and thirteen parts of families, and number eighty-five members. Monthly meetings are held at Salem, Quarterly meetings at Damascus and Mt. Pleasant alternately. The Wilburites, with the proceeds of their portion of the property, purchased a lot on the corner of Sixth and Ellsworth Streets, and erected a meeting-house at a cost of about $11,000. They number over sixty-three families, and their Yearly meeting is held at Barnesville, Ohio. Primitives.—Other difficulties arising, and a portion of those who still remained with the Gurney faction becoming satisfied that they could not stay the progress of what they termed the Gurney defection, and further, owing " to the isolation of those who could not conscientiously join in measures which they knew would compromise the fundamental truths of their profession," a separation became necessary, and in 1860 some eighteen members separated from the main body and became known as the Primitives. They belong to the general meeting of Folsington, Bucks Co., Pa. The Monthly meeting is held in Salem, and consists of about forty members. First Baptist Church.—The first record to be found of a Baptist church in Perry township is in a deed from John Straughan and Mary Straughan, dated Nov. 10, 1809, conveying lots 55 and 56, on the corner of what is now Depot and Dry Streets, for the sum of $1400, to David Gaskell, Sr., Joseph Willets, and Joseph White, of Columbiana County, as trustees of the regular Baptist church. This deed is recorded in Book B, page 169, Columbiana County clerk's office. As near as can be ascertained, David Gaskell, Sr. and wife, Jacob Gaskell, — Ogle, Joshua Wright and wife, John Spencer and wife, Clarissa McConnor, and Mary Straughan were early members. Soon after the lots were purchased, a small log church was built on the southeast corner of the property, where the present building stands. In 1820 a small brick house was built for worship on Depot Street, about the middle of the lots. The first persons baptized were John Sheets and his wife, David Gaskell, Jr., and his wife, Jacob Countryman, and Jane Heacock. On the 22d day of November, 1823, an organization was effected and a church constituted, embracing forty members.* March 6, 1824, it was voted " that Isaac T. Gilbert, Rineer H. Swem, and David Gaskell be our trustees, to succeed * The original minutes are in the hands of Jesse Strawn, of Butler. David Gaskell, deceased, Joseph Willets, and Joseph White, as trustees for the Baptist meeting-house lot in the village of Salem " Nov. 6, 1824, Revs. John Brown and Thomas Miller were requested to preach once a month. The church belonged to the Palmyra Association. In November, 1825, John Sheets and David Gaskell were appointed a committee "to ascertain on what terms the house on the Baptist lot can be obtained of the subscribers to the same, and report to next meeting." Thomas Miller was the first regular pastor, and was succeeded by the Revs. John Cleavland Brown, Davis Rigdon, Rogers, Freeman, Williams, Blake, Matthias, Inman, Phillips, Stone, Morris, Green, Frescollm, and — Ask, who was the last pastor. The frame building now called the "Broad-Gauge church" was erected in 1836. The church continued its meetings for several years, and, in 1867, at a meeting held February 2d of that year, it was resolved that the books, papers, and property be turned over to a Baptist church to be organized Feb. 12, 1867. Forty-two members joined the Baptist church of Salem, and the old church became extinct. Second Baptist Church.—This church was constituted, Nov. 8, 1840, from members of the First Baptist church of Salem, who thought best to separate therefrom by reason of differences of belief on the questions of slavery and temperance. Nov. 14, 1840.—James Eggman, Wm. Kirtland, Daniel McCurdy, Joseph Goulbourn, and Abraham Webb were elected trustees, and Daniel McCurdy clerk. Dec. 12, 1840.—The trustees were authorized to purchase the house and lot belonging to the Methodist church, situated on Green Street. This property was purchased, according to a report made Jan. 9, 1841, for the sum of $180. The society at this meeting called the Rev. Mr. Morris to be their pastor ; which call was accepted. The pastors who succeeded Mr. Morris, and who were regularly called, were Revs. S. R. Willard, Francis Green, and A. G. Kirk. Others preached for a short time. March 13, 1841.—It was resolved to form a Sunday-school. William Stone was appointed superintendent ; Daniel McCurdy, assistant ; Enos Eldredge, librarian ; James Eggman, treasurer ; James Hutchinson, Sarah Wilson, Ann Kirtland, and Mary Gouldbourn, teachers. In 1841 the church was received into the Portage Association. The following preamble and resolution, adopted April 8, 1843, are interesting as showing the embodied sentiment of this church concerning the slavery issue : " Whereas, Sisters Wade and Judson, Baptist missionaries to Burmah, have refused to receive support from donations made by slaveholders; therefore, "Resolved, That the demonstratious of Christian purity and uncompromising opposition to sin, as exhibited in the position assumed by those self-sacrificing, devoted sist rs, ought to be hailed with joy by every true Christian, and ought t put to the blush all Christian advocates of slavery. "Resolved, That the funds raised by this church for foreign missions be forwarded to the sup ort of the station occupied by Sisters Wade and Judson." Jan. 1845. —It was agreed to petition Congress to abolish slavery in qiethe District of Columbia, and to take 218 - HISTORY OF COLUMBIANA COUNTY, OHIO. measures to prevent the slave-trade ; also, to petition the State Legislature to instruct Congress accordingly, and to petition the Legislature to repeal all laws making distinctions on account of color. Feb. 22, 1845, the society granted the use of the church " for an abolition convention in March next, provided they observe good order." Rev. A. G. Kirk was ordained in the church, Jan. 31, 1846,—Elders Bard, of Brimfield, Johnson, of Ravenna, Elliot, of Richfield, and Willard, of Aurora, having been invited to attend on that occasion,—and was subsequently called to the pastorate to " preach half the time." In January and February, 1849, efforts were made, which proved futile, to unite with the First Baptist church. The society fell into decline from want of organized vitality, and rented their new church-edifice—the debts for which were nearly paid—to the board of education. No regular pastor was afterwards settled. Aug. 20, 1859, a meeting of the church was called to make some disposition of the house and lot, either by sale or by a resumption of the regular duties of a church society, but no final action was taken. Efforts were made to keep the church in active condition, but with little success, and on Feb. 8, 1867, in accordance with a published notice, the society met and unanimously adopted the following preamble and resolutions, there being present of the members, Joseph Straughn, Daniel Walton, George Atkinson, P. H. Garrigues, Elizabeth Heaton, Jane Dobbins, Mary Sheets, Mary Webb, Sarah Umstead, Mary Eggman, Jane Beans, Esther Silver, Harriet Whinnery, Hannah Kennett, Sarah Galbraith, Jane Sheets, and Rebecca Eggman. " Whereas, in the Providence of God it does appear that the time has fully come when there will be harmony amongst the Baptists of Salem and vicinity, and we most heartily concur in the effort now being made to organize one good church, and inasmuch as the First Church has, with great unanimity, voted to disband and turn over all their interest into a new organization; Therefore, " Resolved, That we, the Second Baptist Church, do disband on condition that a new church be constituted. "Resolved, 2d, That we instruct our board of Trustees, in case a new church is constituted, to turn over our Books of Record, and all our interest in money and real estate into the hands of the Trustees of said new organization after they shall have been appointed. "Resolved, 3d, That any member of this church in good standing, by applying to the clerk, may receive a certificate of membership." Of this meeting, Joseph Straughn was moderator, and R. H. Garrigues clerk. The General Assembly, at its fifty-eighth session, passed " A Bill To authorize the 2d Baptist Church, in the Incorporated Village of Salem, in the County of Columbiana, and in the State of Ohio, to sell their church property, and dispose of the proceeds of such sale." Baptist Church of Salem.—The First and Second Baptist churches having, by unanimous consent, disbanded, and agreed to turn over the real estate, personal property, and records of their respective organizations, a new organization, called the " Baptist Church of Salem," was constituted, Feb. 12, 1867, under the advice and co-operation of the two societies, for purposes of harmony. Forty-two members from the First church and seventeen from the Second church were regularly constituted as the Baptist church, under the pastoral charge of the Rev. T. P. Childs, who had been instrumental in bringing about the union. The pastors who succeeded him were Benjamin F. Bowen, T. G. Lamb, John Hawker, and P. J. Ward. A. S. Moore is the present pastor. A lot was purchased at the corner of Lisbon and Main Streets, and a building erected in 1869, at a cost of $10,000. The church has a membership of 125 and a Sunday-school of 100 pupils, of which J. B. Strawn is superintendent. Christian Church of the Disciples.*—This church was an indirect result of the conversion of Robert P. Phillips, under the preaching of Walter Scott, a graduate of the University of Edinburgh, Scotland, who was sent out by the Baptist Association of New Lisbon as an evangelist. In 1828, in the month of April, Mr. Scott came to the village of Salem and began preaching to crowded audiences in the old Baptist church, still standing on Range Street. There were among the many converts a few who could not conscientiously agree with their Baptist brethren. A number of these, headed by Robert P. Phillips, organized, in 1828, a church of the Disciples, known as the " Phillips' church in the township of Salem." Others in Salem and its vicinity who were in sympathy with the movement, became members of that church. Many of the early preachers discoursed in this village, sometimes in the old Baptist church on Range Street, but subsequently in " Liberty Hall," which once stood nearly where the Christian chapel now stands. Among those who preached at various times were Joseph Gaston, William Schooly, Amos Allerton, Ephraim Hubbard, ____ Fink, John Henry, John Flick, John Applegate, _____ Brockett, Benjamin Pirky, J. J. Moss, Alexander Hall, T. J. Newcomb, and George Pow. On the 15th day of March, 1859, the Disciples living in Salem and vicinity were organized as a " Church of Christ," with Theobald Miller as their first pastor, and Samuel Hardman elder; L. B. Webb, Edwin Smith, Joseph Pyle, and Simeon Stratton, deacons ; Dr. B. W. Spear, Samuel Hardman, Edwin Smith, Loma B. Webb, and William Pidgeon, trustees. The church consisted of 80 or 90 members. The society bought in the same year the chapel of the Methodist Episcopal church, which occupied the ground where now stands the Christian chapel. The latter was erected in 1870 and 1871 at a cost of $13,000. The church was prosperous for a year or two after its organization, when dissensions arose between pastor and people, which divided the church for several years. Under the preaching of Rev. William Baxter, in 1866, the church renewed its strength, and has prospered greatly since that time. Since its organized existence over 600 persons have been enrolled on the church books. The present number of members is 232. A Sunday-school is connected with the church, of which T. J. Lytle is Superintendent ; 0. C. Sturgeon, Assistant Superintendent ; Clark Webb, Secretary; James Steen, Treasurer; and E. J. Marple and Mary McCartney, Librarians. / The school has a corps of 15 teachers and about 210 scholars. The following is a list of the pastors of the church from * Facts for the sketch of his society were derived from a published sermon of Rev. T. J. Lytle, the present pastor. TOWNSHIP OF PERRY - 219 its organization to the present time, 1879: Theobald Miller, 1859 to 1861 ; Sterling McBrick, 1862 ; S. B. Tee-garden, 1863 ; J. W. Lanphear, 1864 to 1867 ; E. B. Cake, 1868 to 1871 ; J. H. Jones, 1872, six months ; W. II. Spindler, 1872 to 1876 ; H. Cogswell, 1876 to 1877, six months ; T. J. Lytle began his labors July 29, 1877, and is the present incumbent. Methodist Episcopal Church.—The pioneer preachers through this section of country, before the organization of any class or church, were Charles Trescott, Henry Knapp, William Tipton, Alfred Bronson, Dennis Goddard, and Billings 0. Plympton, who were under the Washington mission and Beaver circuit. In 1821 a class of nine persons was formed in the village of Salem, consisting of Thomas Kelly and wife, John Flickcroft, Edward Rynear and wife, Thomas Webb and wife, David Hum, and James W. Leach, Thomas Kelly being leader. The services were held mostly at Thomas Kelly's house, across the street from Pow's building. In 1821, Samuel Brockermer was appointed on the Beaver circuit, and during that year preached at Salem, in a small building near where the Republican office stands. He was succeeded by William Swayze, Ira Eddy, W. C. Henderson, and Isaac Wians, all on the Beaver circuit. The circuit was afterwards changed to New Lisbon, and to Hanover, Lima, and Salem circuits, respectively. Among those who preached during this time were John P. Kent, James H. White, Thomas McGrath, Hiram Miller, J. M. Bray, Hosea McCall, Henry Ambler, and James Montgomery. In 1852, petition being made to Conference, Salem was made a separate station, with the Rev. J. W. Nessley as first pastor. He has been succeeded by Samuel Crouse, Aaron Thomas, William Lynch, C. H. Jackson, W. D. Stevens, J. A. Swaney, Dr. J. N. Beard, J. J. Moffatt, Dr. William Cox, William Lynch, Thomas M. Boyle, John Grant, and W. A. Davidson, who is the present pastor. About 1823 a log church about 20 by 30 feet was built on Green Street, where the African Methodist Episcopal church now stands. In 1837 the society built a frame church, about 36 by 40 feet in size, on the lot now owned by the church of the Disciples, to whom- they sold the property in 1859, and built the present brick edifice on Broadway, at a cost of $10,000. The old church was sold to the Second Baptist church in January, 1841. The ociety has at present 400 members. A Sunday-school of 259 pupils is connected with the church, of which Charles C. Snyder is superintendent. Zion Methodist Church.—This church was organized in 1859 by the Rev. Thomas James. He was succeeded in the ministry by the Revs. Joseph Armstrong, D. B. Matthews, Nelson Williams, John Holliday, John Cox, Hamilton, Forman, — Terry, Solomon Whiton, and Charles Dockett, who is the present pastor. A brick church, 30 by 44 feet, was erected on the corner of High and Howard Streets. Presbyterian Church.*—The Presbytery of New Lisbon * The facts for this sketch were derived from a memorial sermon delivered by Rev. H. B. Fry, July 9, 1876. had occasionally sent out "supplies" to Salem prior to the organization of a society at the latter place, and in 1832 a petition was sent to the Presbytery by the Rev. Clement Vallandigham, praying for a church organization. After considerable opposition on the part of the pastors of the churches of Canfield and New Lisbon, authority was given by that body for the organization of a Presbyterian church in Salem. In accordance with that authority, there convened on the 3d day of November, 1832, twenty persons, who professed a desire to be organized as a Presbyterian church. The Rev. Clement Vallandigham, who had been assigned to take charge of the meeting, received certificates of regular dismission, chiefly from the churches of Canfield and New Lisbon. After a sermon and other devotional exercises, the church was constituted by the admission of the following persons : Hugh Stewart, Ruel Wright, George Ehrich, Nathaniel McCracken, John Martin, James Wilson, Terah Jones, John Wilson, William Martin, Hugh Martin, Agnes Stewart, Agnes Wilson, Mary Ehrich, Elizabeth McCracken, Martha T. Martin, Mrs. Rebecca P. Campbell, Mrs. Martha Wilson, Ann Jane Martin, Elizabeth Wright, Wm. Martin. James Wilson, Nathaniel McCracken, and Hugh Stewart were chosen elders. Since that time Hugh Martin, Terah Jones, Christian Bowman, Robert Woods, William Wilson, James Wilson, Richard Gardner, Sr., Dr. John M. Kuhn, Reuben McMillen, Israel Travis, Henry M. Osborne, Asa W. Allen, Jr., and William C. Hutchinson have officiated as elders. The society first worshiped in a wagon-shop, which stood on what is known as the Trescott property, on Main Street. The first church was built in 1842, which, after serving as a house of worship for eighteen years, was sold and removed to Race Street, where it is now used as a dwelling-house. It was occupied a year unplastered. Plank and slab seats were at first used. During the third year of the administration of the Rev. Mr. Maxwell, 1860, the society began the work of building the present house of worship. The plans were drawn by Mr. Blackburn, an architect of Cleveland, after the plans of the Church of St. James, Cleveland. After severe trials on the part of the church, the building was completed, at a cost of $10,000. The Rev. Clement Vallandigham labored with this church and at New Lisbon until his death, in 1839. He was succeeded by Rev. William McCombs, who gave part of his time to the Canfield church, and resided in Salem the last three years of his ministry. In the spring of 1852, on account of ill-health, he gave up the charge, having ministered to the congregation eleven years. He was succeeded in the autumn of 1852 by the Rev. Dr. G. S. Grimes, who remained five years, and was succeeded in the autumn of 1857 by the Rev. A. B. Maxwell, who remained as pastor thirteen years. In November, 1870, the Rev. H. B. Fry came to the village as a supply, and in May, 1871, was installed pastor. He still has charge of the society. The church has a present membership of 200 members. During several years both before and after the church organization, a union Sunday-school was held in Mr. 220 - HISTORY OF COLUMBIANA COUNTY, OHIO. Campbell's shop. Dr. J. M. Kuhn, C. Brainard, R. A. Kirk, and Rush Taggart have been superintendents of the school, which position is now filled by R. S. Layng. The school has a membership of 256 pupils. The Broad-Gouge Church.—Of the Quaker element which founded the town of Salem, a very large portion followed Elias Hicks at the time of his progressive departure from the dogmas of the old Church. They organized under this reform movement, and were, and are still, known as Hicksites. This protest against the tyrannies and superstitions of the old Church did not, however, find its culmination or resting-place in the Hicksite church or society, for many of its members receded from it, and severed their connection entirely from all church organizations. During the anti-slavery movement they were all found on the side of the oppressed, and through their efforts and influence Salem became a central point, or headquarters, for the abolitionists of Ohio and the adjoining States. In 1863 these free-thinkers (or infidels, as they were called by the Church), organized an independent society at Salem, which for a time held its meetings over Dr. J. C. Whinnery's dental rooms. They afterwards secured the town-hall, where they held regular Sunday meetings for about two years, when they purchased the old Baptist church on Depot Street. The first preacher or speaker employed was Charles H. Ellis, a young man of considerable ability, who had studied for the Unitarian ministry, and who perhaps was one of the causes of the disruption of the society. Parker Pillsbury was employed to lecture during two or three winters after the discharge of Mr. Ellis, and Charles C. Burleigh for one or two winters. The discourses were very radical and very able. An idea of the breadth of the society's declared platform of faith may be drawn from the second and third articles of their constitution, which embrace all their creed, and which read as follows : "ART. 2d. Our object is the cultivation of personal goodness, and the promotion of practical righteousness among men. ART. 3d. No test of opinion, belief, or creed shall ever be made the condition of membership ; but all persons who will attach their names to its constitution, or cause the same to be done shall be members of the society." The constitution is signed by Thomas Sh rp, J. S. Clemmer, Joel Sharp, M. L. Edwards, Angeline S. Sharp, Sallie C. Price, James W. Thompson, J. R. Hall Isaac Trescott, Joel McMillan, Laura Barnaby, Ella Derain , and one hundred others. During the winter of 1873-74, Parker Pi sbury, acting upon the grand principle of free speech and independent thought laid down in the platform of the society, expressed his honest and earnest convictions upon the woman question, especially upon the true relations of the sexes, the present marriage system, etc. They proved to be so radical, and the demands for woman's absolute freedom from the lust and bondage of man were so strong and emphatic, that many of the members claimed to feel greatly offended, and at once changed from warm friends to th most bitter and intolerant foes of Mr. Pillsbury. From that time the so ciety began to crumble, and was soon practically dead as an organization. The church-building is now (1879) occupied as the printing-office of the National Greenbacker. Church of our Saviour (Episcopal).—In 1857, Miss Anna M. Reed, of Huntington, Pa., while visiting her brother at Salem (after deliberating and consulting friends respecting the establishment of an Episcopal society in that place), assisted by Mts. Mary B. Reed, canvassed the town, and found a number of persons who were willing to join them. Lay services were held at the house of Capt. Stephen Whitney for several Sundays. Afterwards a room was rented in the south end of Broadway Block, where the first regular service in Salem was held, Rev. A. T. McMurphy officiating. The Right Rev. C. P. Mcllvaine, bishop of the diocese, preached at the town-hall, April 3,1858, when the rite of confirmation was administered to seven persons. The first vestry was elected March 3, 1859. A call was extended to the Rev. — Hollis, who accepted, and after his retirement the Rev. Mr. Morrell, of Massillon, preached occasionally. A call was extended, Dec. 2,1862, to the Rev. A. T. McMurphy, who accepted, and served until Dec. 1,1868, since which time the parish has remained vacant and the services have been intermittent. Evangelical Lutheran Church.—A number of people in the village of Salem and vicinity who were interested in the doctrines of the, Lutheran Church met in September, 1877, under the pre thing of the Rev. Wm. B. Roller, from Greene, Mahonin County. Services were regularly held on the Sabbath until Jan. 6,1878, when a church was organized, consisting of twenty persons, and the Rev. Wm. B. Roller called to be their pastor. Services are held in the Episcopal church-edifice. The society has 40 members. A Sunday-school was organized in April, 1878, with Wm. B. Roller as superintendent. It has an average attendance of 40 pupils. African Methodist Episcopal Church.—This church was organized in 1867 by Father Gross, who was its first pastor. He was succeeded by Revs. William Pettigrew, Joseph Bell, B. F. Zee, Cornelius Asbury, George Sampson, T. A. Thompson, and John E. Russell, who is the present pastor. The church at present has about 30 members. A Sunday-school is connected with the society, Mrs. Hannah Fogg, one of the Society of Friends, officiating as superintendent. The school has 40 pupils. The society purchased, about the year 1867, the church-edifice of the Second Baptist church, located on Green Street. BURYING-GROUNDS. The first burying ground of the Friends was located south of the old brick church, and was abandoned in 1817 or '18. Upon the sale of the property to J. T. Brooks, many of the remains were removed to the cemetery on Depot Street. A lot of two acres was afterwards—about 1818—purchased of John Strawn, and is situated on Depot Street, below the Baptist burying-ground. This lot is still used. Baptist Burying-ground.—Lots 55 and 56, on Depot Street, were deeded to the trustees of the Baptist church, TOWNSHIP OF PERRY - 221 in 1809, for church and burying-purposes. The ground is still used to some extent as a burial-place. Methodist Burying-ground.—A plat of ground, containing about an acre and a half, was purchased about 1830, and was used for burial-purposes from that time until about 1860. Many of the remains have been removed to. Hope Cemetery. This burying-ground is situated on what is now Howard Street, at the foot of Fourth. Presbyterian, Salem, and Hope Cemeteries.—About 1833 the Presbyterian society purchased a triangular piece of land on the west side of Canfield road, containing about one acre. The Salem Cemetery was laid out Dec. 6, 1853, and contains about two and a half acres. Aug. 3, 1864, five acres were purchased, at a cost of $275 per acre, and were also laid out into lots. With the exception of the Presbyterian cemetery, the grounds were owned by Jacob Heaton, by whom they have been divided into lots. The last purchase was on the north side of the Salem and Presbyterian grounds, and is called the " Hope Cemetery." FIRST HOTELS. Price Blake, in his log cabin, built upon the rear part of the Wilson lot in 1805 or 1806, entertained strangers upon occasion, but the first regular hotel was built of logs by William Heacock in 1809, on the corner of Main and Howard Streets, in which situation a house of entertainment has been continued to the present time. This hotel was of logs, and was subsequently purchased by Henry Mall, who kept it many years, and a portion is included in what is now known as the Tolerton House. John Webb built a brick dwelling and hotel, about 1814 or 1815, on the corner of Howard and Main Streets, opposite Heacock's, which was kept many years, and was subsequently occupied by Simeon Jennings as a residence and office. Isaac Wilson built a hotel of brick on the vacant lot opposite Jacob Heaton's residence (date unknown), which was kept by Henry Mall and others, and ubsequently was torn down. Temperance hotels were kept b Lyman Knapp and Aaron Hise, and others have kept hotels at different times. TOWN-HOUSE. On the 11th of April, 1836, a resolution was offered in the town-council, " That a committee of thr e be appointed to ascertain whether a suitable lot can be p ocured for the purpose of erecting a town-house ; and if practicable, upon what terms such lot can be procured. Whereupon, Samuel Reynolds, Samuel C. Trescott, and Joseph Gouldbourn were appointed a committee, and directed to report as soon as practicable." April 6, 1847, a committee of the town-council was appointed " to procure a deed from the Friends for the town-lot, known as the Market Lot,' if no obstacle appeared to the article which was given to the town-council of Salem." May 5th of the same year a committee was appointed to ascertain the probable cost of a market-house and council-room. A committee was instructed, Jan. 3, 1849, to advertise for sealed proposals for the erection of a town-house, and February 20th the contract was let to Webster, Kirkbride, Flitcraft & Keene, and the building was erected that season. LIBERTY HALL. A carpenter shop about 18 by 48 feet in size was built by Samuel Reynolds about the year 1840, the upper room of which was the general meeting-place of the people of the town for discussion of all subjects. When the agitation of the slavery question became so warmly discussed in the churches that difficulties arose, and the churches and school-houses were closed to the defenders of universal brotherhood, they went to the room over the carpenter's shop. This building was christened " Liberty Hall," and was the cradle of the society which was evolved from that whirlpool of opinion caused by the counter-currents of thought respecting the slavery question. For many years it was kept as a place for discussions and caucus meetings, and within it a course of lectures was planned in which the best talent of the country was engaged. This course of lectures was delivered in the town-hall, and Wendell Phillips, Abby Kelly, John Pierpont, and William Lloyd Garrison were among the many speakers. SOCIETIES. Perry Lodge, F. and A. M., No. 185. — This lodge was chartered at Cincinnat Oct. 15, 1850. The charter-members were Emor T. eaver, John Morrison, Daniel K. Bertloett, Ephraim Grei er, J. S. Thoman, Allen Coulson, William Smick, and Philip Fetzer. The present room of the society in West Block was fitted up in 1869. Prior to that time meetings had been held in what is now the. Republican block. Stated communications are held Wednesday evenings about once a month. The officers for 1879 are as follows : Thomas J. Walton, W. M. ; James Boyle, S. W. ; S. D. Wilson, J. W. ; Allan Boyle, Treas.; Eli Sturgeon, Sec.; Lewis H. Kirkbride, S., D. ; N. B. Garrigues, J. D. ; John H. Gibbs, Tyler ; Nathan Hunt and Robert Hole, Stewards. The Lodge numbers at present 110 members. Salem Chapter, Royal Arch Masons, No. 94.—This chapter was chartered at. Toledo, Oct. 13, 1866, with the following members : Charles H. Garrigues, Shubad Avery, Thomas E. Vickers, J. A. Boone, Lewis P. Brown, Emor H. Price, George W. Gibbs, Miller Smith, James Davis, and John C. Harwood. Stated convocations are held in Masonic Hall, Thursday evenings, about once a month. The officers for the year 1879 are as follows : R. V. Hampson, M. E. H. P. ; Robert Hole, E. K. ; Nathan Hunt, E. S. ; Thomas J. Walton, C. H. ; Lewis H. Kirk-bride, P. S. ; Davis T. Ruth, R. A. C. ; James Davis, G. M. 3d V.; James D. Tolerton, G. M. 2d V.; James Boyle, G. M. 1st V. ; Thomas C. Boone, Treas. ; Robert Grimmesey, Sec. ; John H. Gibbs,' S. and G. The Chapter numbers about 60 members. Independent Order of Odd-Fellows.—The Grand Lodge of the State of Ohio, by authority of a charter granted by the' Grand Lodge of the United States, granted a warrant, or dispensation, to Zachariah Bartlett, Cyrus W. Greiner, Amos H. Levan, Henry Rankins, and S. J. Webb to constitute a lodge to be hailed by the title of Amity Lodge, 222 - HISTORY OF COLUMBIANA COUNTY, OHIO. No. 124, in the town of Salem, Columbiana Co., Ohio. This dispensation bears date July 22, 1848. The Lodge was instituted Dec. 28, 1848. The charter was signed by Edson B. Olds, M. W. G. M., and Isaac Hefley, R. W. G. Rec. Sec. The present officers are Samuel L. Fawcett, N. G.; Joshua C. Vaughn, V. G. ; Past Grand M. L. Edwards, Rec. Sec. ; Past Grand D. B. Burford, Perm. Sec. ; Past Grand William Eastman, Treas. ; Past Grand J. B. Byard, W. Present membership, 133. This Lodge has flourished under adverse circumstances, and has long been one of the best Lodges in the State. Good- Will Encampment of Patriarchs, No. 111, I. O. O. F.—This encampment was instituted by authority of the Grand Encampment of the State of Ohio, Aug. 1, 1868. The charter-members were C. C. Mulford, D. B. Burford, J. R. Vernon, T. B. Cooper, T. F. Teegarden, Henry E. Frost, Daniel Frazer. James H. Turner, M. W. C. P. ; William M. Hubble, M. W. C. S. The present officers (1879) are William Eastman, W. C. P. ; Nathaniel Folk, S. W. ; C. F. Lease, J. ; C. Bonsall, Scribe ; D. B. Brisford, Treasurer. The present number of members is 58. Boyd Lodge, F. and A. M. (colored).—This Lodge was organized in 1862 with the following charter-members : George Wiley, Frank Johnson, George Arnold, Frederick Thompson, Richard Brightwell, Robert L. Hazel, George W. S. Lucas, Addison White, Charles Hill. The society continued till 1876, and then adjourned without date. There were about 30 members. Home Lodge, Daughters of Rebecca, I. 0. 0. F., No. 108. —This Lodge was instituted, May 16, 1878, by authority of the Grand Lodge of Ohio, of which W. C. Cappeller was M. W. G. Master, and W. C. Earl, M. W. G. Secretary. The following persons were charter-members : Rose Heycock, E. M. Wallace, Sarah C. Edwards, R. T. Bayard, E. A. Mendenhall, R. P. Bonsall, L. A. Fugate, M. T. Kesselmire, M. A. Folk, Annie B. Woods, S. B. Lease, Lizzie N. Judd, Mary Snook, C. Creighton, B. A. Farquhar, M. W. Donaldson, Maria Clemmer, D. B. C urford, M. L. Edwards, J. Donaldson, J. B. Bayard, Isaac Mendenhall, C. F. Kesselmire, N. Folk, Charles Bonsall, F. McClurg, J. Snook, William Oldham, Daniel Frazier, J. M. Hole, E. A. Vaughn, J. S. Clemmer, and J. W. Wallace. The present officers of the society (187') are Sarah C. Edwards, N. G. ; Maria Clemmer, V. G. M. A. Folk, Rec. Sec. ; Annie B. Woods, Financial Sec. S. B. Leave, Treasurer. This Lodge is in a fine working conditio , and has a membership of 48. Pure Fountain Division, S. of T.—This society was organized as No. 274 of the State of Ohio, April 28, 1853. While most temperance societies have experienced the changes of growth, progress, and decline of organization and reorganization, this society has held an active existence continuously since its formation, and has been the means of accomplishing much good. It numbers about 75 members. The officers of the present year (1879) are M. L. Edwards, P. W. P. ; A. Randolph, W. P. ; G. W. H. Roberts, W. A. ; A. R. Silver, Treasurer; J. B. Boston, Chaplain ; E. Baum, R. S.; Florence Eastman, A. R. S.; James Leach, Conductor; Anna Garwood, A. C. ; Joshua Leaf, I. S; William Wright, 0. S. ; George E. Ash, Chorister. Knights of Pythias—Social Friends', No. 30.—This Lodge was instituted Feb. 3, 1871. The present officers are as follows : J. B. Beard, P. C. ; Robert McCammon, C. C. ; John Viegle, V. C. ; J. H. Cowan, P. ; J. H. Kaiser, M. of E. ; C. F. Kesselmire, M. of F. ; S. E. Arter, K. of R. and S.; J. K. Pickett, M. of A. ; C. C. Mulford, Rep. to G. L. ; Dr. J. A. Black, I. G. ; M. Nusbaum, 0. G. The meetings of this society are held in its castle-hall, in Whinnery's Block, every Tuesday evening. There are 75 members. Grand Army of the Republic—Prescott Post, No. 10. —This Post was instituted May 11, 1868, with charter-members as follows: Thomas C. Bouvell, J. L. Snider, John S. Clemmer, M. L. Edwards, Allen G. Thomas, H. W. Cheeseman, Albert Corlish, Jesse A. Ask, C. F. Lusco, A. B. Wright, T. A. Sharpnack, George W. Gibbs, John B. Matthews. The meetings 4 the society are held at Summer's Block, on Broadway. T e officers for 1879 are as follows : J. C. Baker, P. C. ; T.. Webster, S. V. C. ; D. G. Siple, J. V. C. ; J. D. Hillis, Q. M. ; J. D. Hellman, C. ; C. F. Lease, Adjutant. SALEM BAND. A band was organized in this place, called the " Salem Whig Band," in 1840, and continued in existence until 1846. A free concert was given in the district schoolhouse, June 11, 1842, in which twenty-two pieces were rendered. The members' of the band now living in the town are John Hinshelwood, Thomas Sharpnack, Philip Matthews, Jesse Hise, and Lewis Keene. About the year 1854 or 1855 a band was organized for the Presidential campaign of 1856, and continued in existence for a year or two, the members furnishing their own instruments and instructor. In the spring of 1859 a new organization was perfected, and new instruments purchased, the citizens contributing about $30 for that purpose. This band played through the Presidential campaign of 1860, and in the fall of 1861 three or four of their number enlisted in the band of the 19th Ohio Volunteer Infantry. After their return from the army the band practiced but little, and only for occasions of public interest, until 1865, when the present band was organized, under the name of the "Salem Cornet Band." N. B. Garrigues was chosen leader, and has continued in that position until the present time through several reorganizations. In 1866, with aid received from the citizens and about $200 realized from concerts, the band purchased a set of German-silver instruments. Prof. D. Marble, of Akron, Ohio, was engaged as instructor. In 1869 the band, upon invitation, accompanied a party of excursionists in a trip to Lake Superior, visiting Thunder Bay, Fort William, Isle Royal, the copper district, Eagle Harbor, the Pictured Rocks, and Marquette. In 1870 uniforms were bought at an expense of $700 or $800, of which about $275 were contributed by citizens. Jan. 3, 1875, a new set of instrnments, nine in number, was purchased TOWNSHIP OF PERRY - 223 by the band at a cost of $542.25. A concert was given in Concert Hall by the band, assisted by Miss Abbie Whinnery—who had just returned from Europe a finished so loist—and Miss Celestia Wattles, of the Conservatory of Music, Oberlin, Ohio. The net profit of the concert was $260. The organization was then in a prosperous condition, and acquired an extended reputation for musical ability. It is still led by N. B. Garrigues. AGRICULTURAL SOCIETIES. A meeting of the farmers and others residing in the vicinity of Salem was held Dec. 25, 1841, in the district school-house, for the purpose of considering the propriety of forming an agricultural society. At this meeting Benjamin Howley presided, and Charles Weaver was secretary. B. B. Davis, Stacy Hunt, John Fawcett, J. D. Cattell, and Daniel Bonsall were appointed a committee to prepare a constitution to be submitted to the next meeting. At an adjourned meeting, Jan. 8, 1842, a constitution was read and adopted. At a stated meeting of the society, March 5, 1842, the following officers were elected : President, Joseph Wright ; Vice-President, Daniel Andrews; Treasurer, Benjamin Hawley ; Recording Secretary, Jonas D. Cattell ; Corresponding Secretary, Joseph Straughn ; Executive Committee, John Fawcett, Samuel Mathers, Stacy Hunt.* From an old " poster' obtained the following : " Cattle-show for 1842. The Salem Agricultural Society will hold their first annual exhibition and cattle-show in Salem on Seventh Day, the 8th of 10th month." FAIRS AT SALEM. + In 1852 or 1853 a horse-fair association was formed in Salem, and about 30 acres of land leased of the waterworks, in the northeast portion of\ the village, for exhibition purposes. It was designed for the exhibition of all classes of horses, and especially for trials of speed, and a half-mile track was constructed for t at purpose. There were about three annual exhibitions he d, and considerable interest was manifested. Chas. H. Conwell was the prime mover of and president of the associatio , with Geo. B. Weaver, Secretary ; T. C. Boone, Treasurer ; and Edwin Phillips, Chief Marshal. In 1855 or 1856 a new organization wa formed, styled the " Salem Agricultural, Horticultural, nd Mechanical Association," by whom the same grounds were leased. The objects of this association were more, varied and embraced a wider field of enterprise, claiming the attention and patronage of all classes of people. Much interest was manifested therein, and the annual exhibitions were successful. These called together large companies of people to witness very fine displays of all kinds of stock, as well as agricultural, horticultural, and mechanical exhibits. Besides the annual meetings during the summer seasons, there were monthly exhibitions held in the " town-hall," mostly devoted to horticulture. These were seasons of great interest in this branch of the enterprise, and some of the * Compiled from notes in the first number of the first volume of the Village Register, dated April 12, 1842. + Contributed by Joseph Fawcett, finest floral exhibitions ever witnessed in this part of the State were had on these occasions. The organization was in existence five or six years, or until the inauguration of the Rebellion, when more absorbing matters claimed the attention of the people, and the enterprise was abandoned. Benjamin Bowen, C. C. Brainard, and Saml. Chessman served the association at different times as president thereof ; T. C. Boone and Allan Boyle, as Treasurer ; and Joseph. Fawcett and Byron Stanton, as Secretaries. Conspicuous as friends of the enterprise were John Gordon, Edward Bonsall, Jacob Heaton, Dr. I. Harris, Maggie Boyle, Edith Weaver, Caroline Stanton, Julia and Susan Myers, Mrs. Rolinson, Mrs. Bowen, Mrs. Jones, and many others. EARLY MANUFACTURES. A kiln of brick was burned in 1806 to supply brick for the Friends' meeting-house. In 1814 , cotton-factory was built of brick, about 100 feet back fro Main Street, on what was afterwards known as the Wils n property. John Strawn, John Antrim, Zadock Street, Nathan Hunt, and others were interested in it, and Stacy Hunt was foreman. As horse-power only was used, they could not compete with Eastern companies. Cotton was high and its transportation to Salem difficult, therefore the works were discontinued after a year or two, the building torn down, and the bricks used in the construction of the Wilson tavern. About 1825, John Stanley built a frame woolen-factory for custom-work where the " Pickett House" now stands. The first engine used in Salem was in this factory, and was brought from Pittsburgh. The factory was destroyed by fire, and the citizens assisted Mr. Stanley to rebuild, which he did on the corner of Lisbon and Main Streets, where the Baptist church now stands. A few years later he sold to Robert Campbell, who, in 1834, sold to Zadock Street. Mr. Street continued until 1845, when he sold the property, including machinery. A woolen-factory had been started about 1830 by a Mr. Allison. In 1840 it was sold to James Brown, by whom it was used for custom-work. The factory was situated in the west end of the town. The business was continued by Mr. Brown until 1850, James Brown, his son, now a merchant on Main Street, doing the last carding. In 1812, Thomas Hughes had a log cabin and pottery opposite the present residence of James W. Leach. The pottery was sold to Christian Harmon, who continued the business until 1840. Thomas Cohn had a tannery on the northeast corner of the square upon which the " West Block" is situated. In 1834 or '35, Zadock Street built a foundry on what is called Foundry Hill, which derived its name from the enterprise. The works developed into the J. Woodruff & Co. Stove-Works. Thomas Sharp commenced in 1842 the manufacture of steam-engines. This business afterwards developed into the large establishments which are an honor to the town, and are more fully noted in the pages which follow. OTHER MANUFACTURES. Buckeye Engine Company.—In 1851, Simeon and Joel Sharp, Milton Davis, and Joel S. Bonsall commenced busi- 224 - HISTORY OF COLUMBIANA COUNTY, OHIO. ness in the works occupied previously by Thomas Sharp & Brother. In this place they remained one year, when they erected brick buildings on the grounds they now occupy, which were destroyed by fire in April, 1865. The company —known then as the Buckeye Engine-Works— rebuilt during the same season, and the business increased rapidly. In December, 1870, a company, with a paid-up capital of $251,000, was incorporated under the name " Buckeye Engine Company," with the following officers : Joel Sharp, President ; Milton Davis, Vice-President ; T. C. Boone, Secretary and Treasurer ; Joel S. Bonsall, Superintendent ; Simeon Sharp, Assistant Superintendent. The company have in their employ an average of one hundred and forty-five men constantly, and manufacture saw-mills, planing-mill engines, self-acting shingle-machines, lath-machines, and various other machines and engines. They make a specialty of the automatic cut-off engine, which has gained a reputation far and near. Orders are received from every State and Territory in the Union, and foreign shipments have been made. Silver & Deming Manufacturing Company.—In 1854, S. A. Dole invented a hub-boxing machine. A. R. Silver, who was then foreman in the Woodruff Carriage-Shop, became interested in the patent. In the fall of 1854-55 a small room was rented on High Street, in which one lathe and a blacksmith's forge were placed and manufacture begun. Business increased, and other lathes were added. Mr. Dole invented other machines, and in 1855 the firm rented the south wing of the Buckeye shop, and employed six or eight men. They remained in this shop about two years, and then purchased the Heaton and Fawcett warehouse, where Mr. Clark's Novelty Works are situated. The demand for their goods increased and compelled them, after the lapse of sixteen years, to seek larger quarters. They then purchased and still occupy, the buildings of the Etna Works. In 1865 the firm became Silver & Deming, who were succeeded in 1874 by a company incorporated with a capital of $150,000. The officers of the company are A. R. Silver, President and Superintendent ; J. Deming, Vice-President and Treasurer ; E. M. Silver, Assistant Superintendent ; W. F. Deming, Secretary. The company gives employment to about seventy-five hands, and makes a specialty of wind-mills. Many different machines are manufactured, prominent among which are horse-powers, saw-gummers, and spoke-tenoning machines. Their reputation is national. Thomas Sharp & Co. Engine- Works.—Thomas Sharp, a son of Joel Sharp, one of the early settlers in Salem, learned the trade of a carpenter and millwright, worked at his trade at Salem and Cleveland, and in 1842 returned to Salem, his native place, and established the business he still continues. The first engine constructed in the town for sale was made by Mr. Sharp in 1842. The castings for this engine were brought to Salem in wagons from a Cleveland foundry, and were deposited in an old foundry situated on what is yet known as Foundry Hill. Mr. Sharp subsequently purchased land and, erected buildings on West Main Street, where the works still are. From this establishment have gone out, as experienced workmen, men who now stand at the head of some of the largest manufacturing establishments in the country. A few years after he had commenced business, his brothers, Simeon, Joel, and Clayton, and Nathan Hunt, became associated with him. Thomas after a time retired. Later, the works were carried on successively by Sharp, Davis & Bonsall, Sharp & Davis, Sharp & King, Sharp & Son (Alonzo), and, finally, Thomas Sharp & Co. The last-named firm is composed of Thomas Sharp,, his son Alonzo, and his sons-in-law, Andrew Potter and Edward Manly. J. Woodruff & Sons' Stove- Works.—In 1834 or 1835, Zadock -Street commenced manufacturing in a small way on Dry Street, or Foundry Hill, and the business passed through several changes, until in 1847 it was purchased by Snider & Woodruff, by Whom it was continued for twenty- five years. They removed to the resent location in 1851, and built of brick part of the present buildings, to which additions have since been made fr m time to time. May 5, 1871, the business passed under the title of J. Wood ruff & Sons, with a capital of $75,000. The company employs about 30 men, of whom 17 are moulders, and manufacture about 5000 stoves, and melt from 600 to 700 tons of iron annually. The products are sold principally in Ohio, Indiana, Illinois, and Pennsylvania. The officers of the company at present are Joseph Woodruff, President ; James M. Woodruff, Secretary and Treasurer; John S. Woodruff, Superintendent. Perry Stove Company .—This company was established in 1867, under the firm-name of Baxter, Boyle & Co., and incorporated, with a capital of $60,000, in 1870, under the present name. Brick buildings were erected immediately, which, on Aug. 12, 1872, were destroyed by fire. New and large buildings were erected the same year, to which additions have been made from time to time, until now, 1879, they cover an acre of ground. The company's trade extends over the States of Ohio, Indiana, Illinois, and part of Pennsylvania; and requires the manufacture of about 6 0 stoves, and the consumption of about 8000 tons of on, annually. The company employs about 35 men. The works are situated near the depot of the Pittsburgh, Fort Wayne and Chicago Railroad. — The officers are Thomas Baxter, President ; J. L. Baxter, Secretary ; C. C. Baxter, Treasurer. Victor Stove Company —This company was established in 1868 by Henry King, Furman Gee, and Henry Schoffer, under, the firm-name of King, Gee & Co., and was incorporated April 3, 1869, under the name of " Victor Stove Company," with nine members. The charter took effect I\, lay 22, 1869. After about six months Daniel Koll purchased the interests of several of the members, and, with Furman Gee, continued the business until May 1, 1879, when the property passed into possession of Daniel Koll & Son. Brick buildings were erected in 1868, and cover about one acre of ground. The company employs about 40 men, 23 of whom are moulders, manufacture about 6000 stoves annually, and use therefor about 650 tons of iron. Their trade extends over the States of Qhio, Indiana, Illinois, Iowa, and part of Pennsylvania. The works arc situated