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286 - HISTORY OF COLUMBIANA COUNTY CHAPTER XIX. THE TOWNS AND TOWNSHIPS-II. East Liverpool, the County’s Metropolis—Madison Township and the "Scotch Settlement" —Middleton, St. Clair, Franklin and West Townships—A Quintette of Thrifty, Rural Communities. EAST LIVERPOOL AND LIVERPOOL TOWNSHIP. "Fawcettstown" settled by Thomas Fawcett - 1798 Laid out as "St. Clair" - 1802 First tavern opened - 1809 Post office established - 1810 Town renamed Liverpool - 1816 First school house - 1820 First steam sawmill - 1830 Incorporated as East Liverpool - 1834 Township of Liverpool organized - 1834 First church building - 1834 Sandy and Beaver Canal begun - 1834 Ashtabula Railroad project failed - 1837 First Pottery ware made - 1840 Sandy and Beaver Canal completed - 1845 First railroad reached the town - 1856 First oil and natural gas - 1860 First newspaper established - 1861 Gas first piped for fuel - 1866 First hank established- 1870 First and only bank failure in the century - 1873 White ware first successfully made - 1874 City Hall erected - 1877 Water-works built - 1879 First telephone in county - 1881 "Lock-nut" in potteries - 1882 Great Ohio River flood ( February 7) - 1884 First daily paper (June) - 1885 "Horn Switch" opened - 1887 First trolley line opened - 1891 Six months potters' strike - 1894 First Ohio River bridge opened - 1897 Carnegie Library opened - 1904 First hospital opened ( January 1) - 1905 Second Ohio River bridge opened - 1905 The territory now occupied by Liverpool township was a part of St. Clair until June 3, 1834. when Liverpool township was created by the Board of County Commissioners,—Michael Arter, John Smith and Thomas Cannon. The township as organized and at present constituted embraces sections 31. 32. 33, 34. 35 and 36, attached originally to township 6, or , St. Clair, and sections 6. 12. 17, 18. 23, 24. 29. 30. 35 and 36 of the original fraction of township 5. The entire tract measures nearly miles across its northern boundary, about three on the western, and less than one and a quarter miles on the eastern border. From north to south the widest part of the township is from the center of the north line direct to East Liverpool, a distance of three miles. The Ohio River. bordering the southern line, gives it a ragged shape. and materially narrows the. township on both the east and west ends. The first settlers located about 1795. Among the earliest settlers were Joseph McKinnon, who with his father. Daniel McKinnon. landed at Philadelphia about 1774. Joseph settled on a part of section 33. George D. McKinnon, son of Joseph, was born on this place. It is claimed he was the first white child born in Columbiana County. He lived to a good old age in East Liverpool. Joseph McKinnon served in the Indian war under Gen. Anthony Wayne. and died in 1809. Thomas Fawcett came from Pennsylvania with Robert Boyce. and purchased 1,100 acres of land, upon a part of which Faw- AND REPRESENTATIVE CITIZENS - 287 cettstown or East Liverpool was afterward built. Robert Boyce, who was the grandfather of David Boyce, who died in East Liverpool in 1905. bought a tract of land near what was afterward Spring Grove camp ground, one and one-halt miles northeast of Wellsville, and located upon it. Fawcett made his first clearing and built his cabin on the tract of land later owned by James Gaston, near what was afterward known as Jethro. Noah Grant, a shoemaker, grandfather of President U. S. Grant, settled on a place in "Swamp Meadow." two and a half miles above Fawcettstown. in April. 1799. and married Annie Kelly, daughter of John Kelly, also an early settler. An autograph letter from Jesse Grant, long in possession of Col. H. R. Hill, relates that he was six years old when his father settled near Fawcettstown and that he remembered to have heard Robert Dobbins preach there on Christmas Day, 1799. The Grant family removed from the county to Wooster, four years after their first settlement. Among the settlers who located in what was afterward Liverpool township, about the year 1800 or shortly thereafter, were : John Rauch, who came over from Germany, and settled between Little Yellow Creek and Fawcettstown ; Thomas Ashton, a Friend, who lived near Rauch ; Angus McBane. a farmer and tanner, who lived on the hill above Jethro, where James McBane afterward lived ; Joseph Hamilton, who lived near his father-in-law. Thomas Fawcett (he was a Friend and worked at his trade as carpenter as well as cultivated his farm) ; Edward DeVoe, a colored man, who lived in 1800 on the place afterward sold to the Spring Grove Camp Meeting Association. FAWCETTSTOWN LAID OUT. Thomas Fawcett laid out Fawcettstown a portion of his tract of land. He called it St. Clair, but the residents rechristened the place Fawcettstown after its founder. William G. Smith, a noted pioneer of Liverpool township located with his father in 1803. Abraham Wellington, a farmer, located near what was later the Knowles. Taylor & Knowles pottery site. William C. Larwell was the first lawyer to locate in the place. Ensign's "History of Columbiana County," published in 1879, says of some of the early settlers in Liverpool township : "John Kelly, from Brownsville, Pennsylvania. whose sister married Noah Grant, settled on Dry Run, where also his sons John and Isaiah. and his son-in-law, William Stout, located. John Kelly, like a good many of his neighbors. was given to illicit distilling, but he was the only one of them who was broken up by the 'Whisky Boys,' as the government raiders were known in those days. His misfortunes made him poor, arid he moved out of the county. Edward Carroll settled about 1800, and shortly afterward moved to Hanover township. On the hill west of the creek, were Charles Hoy, Nicholas Dawson, Thomas McCartney. John Gaddis, Solomon Cable, Jacob Darner and Alex. Gaddis, all farmers. Hon. Josiah Thompson, of East Liverpool, has in his possession the original patent granted by President Thomas Jefferson to Charles Black- more, of section 34, Liverpool township, occupied now in part by D. J. Smith, two miles north of East Liverpool on the Calcutta road. The document bears the date August 15, 1808, is signed by Thomas Jefferson as President and James Madison. Secretary of State."
About 1809 Thomas Fawcett opened a tavern, on what was later the upper end of Second street. The building was constructed of hewn logs. This tavern was later kept in turn by James Kincead. John Gamble. John Smith and William Thompson. The first frame house built in the town was erected by Joseph McKinnon. near where the Town Hall was afterward built. The first brick house vas built by Postmaster Collins, near where later stood the Brunt House on Second street.
The old history already quoted, says : "July 4, 1811, a monster barbecue was held in a sugar grove. on the river hank, near where the Cartwright Brothers' pottery later stood. People gathered from miles around to the number of 4,000. William C. Larwell, the lawyer, read the Declaration of Independence and Capt. John Wilcox. at the head of a grand array of militiamen, shot one of his side whiskers off
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by accident, to the great amusement of everybody."
Although East Liverpool proper was laid out in 1816, in 1823 six families and two single men constituted its entire population. In 1834 it was incorporated; in 1850 the population was 987: in 1860 it was 1,308: in 1870 it was 2,105 1880 it was 5,568: in 1890 it was 8,750: and in 1900 it was 16,485. In July, 1905, the population was estimated at 22,000.
PICTURE OF BENNETT' S FIRST POTTERY, EAST LIVERPOOL.
In its early days East Liverpool had about the slowest growth of any of the towns or hamlets of the county : but in later years it has increased the most rapidly of any of the towns in the county, in business, permanent improvements and population. The history of the pottery business, which indeed is the history of the town, is related fully in another chapter of this work.
During the years intervening between 1895 and 1905 particularly, the progress of the city. in the improvement of its buildings, streets. etc., was very marked.
EAST LIVERPOOL'S BIG FIRE.
A disastrous tire occurred in the spring of 1905 which destroyed more than one-fourth of a solid block of the best business houses in the city, involving a loss of about $400,000. upon which there was insurance in round numbers to the amount of $300,000. The principal losers were: Dr. George P. lkirt, . L. Thompson ( buildings) : Milligan Brothers (building and hardware stock) : C. & M. Wasbutsky ( building and dry goods) : Fowler and Crook (building) : A. S. Young (dry goods stock ) : Solo-, mon Whit ( dry goods) : S. Bendheim and . H. Gass ( boots and shoes) : M. C. and N. B.. Porter ( building) : G. R. Pattison ( jewelry); Yates Novelty Store (stock) : R. W. Sample ( boots and shoesr: Enoch Elden ( gents' furnishings) : a number of societies ( furnishings), and about 20 others who were comparatively small losers.
In the summer and fall of 1905 this burnt district was rebuilt, the buildings destroyed be-
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ing replaced by others larger, finer and better in almost every particular.
FINANCIAL INSTITUTIONS OF EAST LIVERPOOL.
East Liverpool's first banking institution was the private bank of Huff & Company, which opened for business in 1870, on Second street. in a building occupied many years later by the famous old Dobbins House. Huff & Company had a number of banking houses in Western Pennsylvania and Eastern Ohio. The firm was composed of George F. Huff, of Greensburg. Pennsylvania. and William M. Lloyd. of Altoona. Pennsylvania. In 1873 they built and occupied what was then the finest bank building in the county, later occupied by the First National Bank. which was located on the river front, at the foot of Broadway. But the Huffs, with many other smaller institutions. were carried down in the Jay Cooke failure within a few months after occupying their new building. and closed their doors in November, 1873. It was the only banking failure in the history of the city. F. D. Kitchel, for many years identified with the fortunes of East Liverpool banks, had been cashier and manager of the Huff enterprise. and wound up the affairs of the wrecked bank, and paid the creditors 80 per cent. In the following winter, 1873-74. the East Liverpool Banking Company was organized. under a State charter. The incorporators were: David Boyce, Capt. W. S. George. Josiah Thompson. N. B. Hickman, George Morley. Isaac W. Knowles and N. A. Frederick. Mr. Boyce was made president, and F. D. Kitchel, cashier. May 1, 1874.. this institution was reorganized. and became the First National Bank of East Liverpool. with David Boyce. president. and F. D. Kitchel, cashier. occupying the bank building at the foot of Broadway. On May 1, 1878. Mr. Kitchel resigned as cashier: and N. G. Macrum succeeded him. Following the trend of movement of business away from the river, the First National, about 1888. built one of the first of the modern "up-town" business buildings on Washington street. which was still its home in 1905. The capital of the First National was at organization. $50,000, but later it was increased to $100,000. In January. 1875, David Boyce, having been elected to the Ohio Legislature. resigned as president : Josiah Thompson was chosen to succeed him. Mr. Thompson died in 1889. and Mr. Boyce was elected to succeed him. Mr. Boyce served until the year of his death 1904, when John C. Thompson was chosen president. Mr. Macrum still served as cashier. In 1905 the First National Bank had a $100,000 surplus and $75.000 in undivided profits.
The Potters' National Bank was organized in 1881, with a capital stock of $50,000, which was afterward increased to $100,000. William brunt was president and F. D. Kitchel, cashier. About 1900 the bank moved into its own new building, up to that (late the finest bank building in the county. In 1905 the bank had a surplus of $90,000. William Brunt was still president and R. W. Patterson, cashier.
The Citizens' National Bank was organized and commenced business December 1, 1897, with a capital of $100,000. In 1905 its surplus was $65,000 and undivided profits, $8,000. Joseph G. Lee was president and H. H. Blythe was cashier.
The Dollar Savings Bank of East Liverpool was organized in May, 1902. In 1905 it had a capital and surplus of $68,000 : George H. Owen. president. Harry T. Hall, cashier.
The Potters' Building & Savings Company was organized in 1889. In 1905 a statement of the company showed total assets. $2,217,816. with a reserve fund of $62,510. The officers were: W. L. Smith. president John Vodrey. vice-president : John J. Purinton, secretary F. D. Kitchel. treasurer. A handsome new building was about ready for occupancy.
Other building and loan companies existing in East Liverpool in 1905 were: The Union Building, Loan & Trust Company, incorporated in 1898: authorized capital. $1,000,000: J. M. Kelly. president S. T. Herbert. secretary N. G. Macrum, treasurer. Buckeye Building. Savings & Loan Company, incorporated in 1893 : capital stock. $100,000: J. B. Hoffman, president: A. Silverman, secretary;
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M. W. Elliott, treasurer. Federal Building & Loan Company, incorporated in 1902; R. J. Marshall, president; W. C. Supplee, secretary; T. H. Fisher. treasurer. The Hancock Building & Loan Company, incorporated in 1899; Hugh Newell, president ; C. A. Smith. vice- president ; S. T. Herbert, secretary ; N. G. Macrum, treasurer.
HOSPITALS, PARKS AND CEMETERIES OF THE "CERAMIC CITY."
The City Hospital Association of East Liverpool was organized in 1896, but did not succeed in securing a home until 1904. On January 1, 1905, they opened for business. A new brick building had been erected on a site secured from the city in what had been the old cemetery, between Fifth and Sixth streets. The building is handsome, substantial. sufficiently large and amply equipped to meet the wants of the city for many years to come; but the hospital was yet lacking in adequate endowment. The building cost about $50,000, and a debt still rested upon it of about $5,000. The officers were; President, A. S. Young; 1st vice-president, Frank W. Milligan: 2nd vice-president, Mrs. Isaac Colclough; secretary. Mrs. George Grosshans; treasurer, Harry T. Hall.
In the year 1883 the Riverview Cemetery Association was organized and chartered, under the laws of Ohio governing city cemetery associations, by a number of citizens of the city of East Liverpool. A site was selected north of the Calcutta road about one and one-fourth miles north from the City Hall, which was well located for cemetery purposes, lying high as it did and presenting a diversified topographical prospect, overlooking a beautiful valley and a section of the Ohio River to the north, and in full view of three States. In order to pay for the land-40 acres were purchased at the time which tract was afterward augmented by the addition of 25 or 30 acres—and to make needed improvements, interest-bearing bonds were issued to the amount of $8,000, payable in five years. which bonds were redeemed within the time limit. A landscape gardener was employed, and in the intervening years up to 1905 the cemetery had been made one of the handsomest in Eastern Ohio. The first interment in Riverview was that of Mrs. Lizzie E. Schweinhardt on July 6, 1883. After the abandonment of the old cemetery in the western part of the old city proper, many of the remains were transferred to Riverview. The cemetery association donated a site, including a large block of lots, on a commanding knoll near the entrance, upon which General Lyon Post No. 44. G. A. R., erected a handsome and enduring Memorial Chapel, at a cost of nearly $18,000. On the walls of this chapel are inscribed the record of deceased soldiers of Liverpool township.
The officers of the association in 1905 were President. N. A. Frederick ; vice-president. J. C. Thompson ; secretary, J. M. Kelly ; treasurer. N. G. Macrum.
Spring Grove and the Catholic Cemetery adjoin each other on the Lisbon road, northwest of the city, about one mile from the "Diamond," East Liverpool.
On November 13, 1899, Will L. Thompson deeded to the city of East Liverpool too acres of land. beautifully situated northeast of the city and about one and one-half miles from the old city limits, "for the people of East Liverpool in trust forever." The site is a magnificent one, the land being somewhat broken into hills and dells and rocky nooks and partially wooded. The park was at once partially improved by Mr. Thompson, and opened to the public in the spring of 1900. By the conditions of the gift the city is to appropriate $1,000 annually for maintenance, Mr. Thompson having placed $10,000 at interest, which interest is to be applied to the same purpose perpetually. The only conditions of the gift aside from the one relative to the maintenance are that no franchise to any electric line running to or into the park shall ever be granted charging a fare from the city of more than five cents ; no intoxicants or intoxicated persons to be allowed in the park no horse racing with betting no gambling of any sort and no games or sports to he allowed on Sunday. Park boulevard from Calcutta street or Riverview was donated, laid off and built by Mr. Thompson, to the entrance of
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the park, at a cost for improvement of $50,000.
The Columbiana Park, comprising about 50 acres in the East End, is a private enterprise. It embraces a very good half-mile race track.
Rock Springs Park, Chester, West Virginia, directly opposite and connected with the city by the Ohio River bridge and the trolley line, is in reality an East Liverpool enterprise (owned by East Liverpool capital) and furnishes an admirable recreation resort for the people of this city.
SCHOOLS AND LIBRARIES OF EAST LIVERPOOL.
The first public school building under the "Union School Law," was erected at the corner of Fourth and Union streets in 1851. The building was a two-story brick structure containing four rooms. The first principal was Professor Orr. The first graded schools of East Liverpool were organized in 1864 under the law of 1849, and were under the supervision of J. P. Cameron. He received $450 annual salary. The State school commissioner's report for 1865 says that D. H. Hastings and Ebenezer Erskine were superintendents. Each served a portion of that year. A. M. Morris. H. P. Borton and J. Y. Crawford had each taught in the school prior to that date. In 1869 the four-room structure was torn down and a three-story building was erected, being ready for the opening of the school year in the fall of 1870. Rev. T. J. Duncan became superintendent that year at a salary of $1,200. Of the teachers who were under Professor Duncan, two were still in the service in 1905,—Misses Mary Smith and Kate Harker. Professor Duncan resigned after three years. and was succeeded ,by Van B. Baker, who in later years was tried, convicted and given a life penitentiary sentence for the murder of his wife at Holliday's Cove, West Virginia. Rev. G. W. Riggle succeeded Baker as superintendent, and he in turn was succeeded by Capt. J. N. George, who died while in the harness. Miss E. B. Huston. principal of the High School, filled the unexpired term of Professor George, and was continued as superintendent and principal the following year. Following Miss Huston were R. N. Fearon, A. J. Surface, Alexander Vance, A. E. Gladding, S. D. Sanor and R. E. Rayman, who was the incumbent and had, in 1905, filled the position seven years. In 1895 a new Central School was erected, containing 18 class and two recitation rooms on the two main floors, together with superintendent's and Board of Education rooms and library, while additional rooms are on the third on mansard story and in the high and well-lighted basement. Besides this Central or High School building, others had, up to 1905, been erected as follows : Sixth Street, East End, West End, Third Street, Grant Street, Bradshaw Avenue, Sheridan Avenue, Trentvale, Gardendale, Pleasant Heights and Horace Mann, containing 64 school rooms in all, with the capacity to accommodate the 3,00o pupils (in round nunihers) covered by the city school enrollment. The Central School building represented an outlay of $63,000, and a conservative estimate of the money value of the entire public school property of the city in 1905 would be $356,000. This is of course independent of the St. Aloysius (Catholic) Parochial School, which has a large and fine building, well equipped and well-managed by an efficient corps of teachers.
Carnegie Public Library of East Liverpool was dedicated and opened to the public for the distribution of books May 8, 1902. Three years before, in June, 1899, George Y. Travis wrote to Mr. Carnegie, asking for a library for East Liverpool. In July he received a letter from Scotland stating that if the town would furnish a site and maintain the library Mr. Carnegie would provide funds as needed for the building to the extent of $50,000. Before the matter of a purchase of a site could be brought before the Council the Enoch Bradshaw property, situated at the corner of Fourth street and Broadway, opposite the Central School Wilding. the ideal location for library purposes. was offered at public sale. To secure this location. 20 citizens donated $1,000 each toward the purchase. These gentleman were : J. J. Purinton. Robert Hall, William Erlanger. John N. Taylor, N. G. Macrum, David Boyce, T. V. Milligan, O. C. Vodrey, N. A. Frederick. GeOrge Peach, J. T. Smith, F. C.
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Fisher, H. N. Harker. J. N. Hanley, W. L. Thompson, S. T. Herbert, E. W. Hill, M. E. Miskall, S. J. Cripps and George Y. Travis. The property was bid in by S. J. .Cripps for $19,500. The purchase was then brought before the City Council, and Sept. 23, 1899, was the day set for a special election, when the citizens were to express their wishes on the bond issue of $50,000 necessary for the acquirement of the site. The result of the election was an overwhelming majority favoring the issue, there being but 6t negative votes, and November 22, 1899, the ground was deeded to the city. Council then appointed the first board of directors, which consisted of the following : John N'. Taylor, W. L. Smith, J. H. Brookes. George Peach, G. Y. Travis and George P. Ikirt, M. D. Architectural plans were selected in May. 1900, and in July the contract was awarded. February, 1902, Miss Gertrude A. Baker. librarian of the Mount Vernon Public Library, was elected librarian, and 3,000 books were purchased. This number was increased by the addition of 2,000 books from the old Public Library, which had been established by the Trades and Labor Council, and had been in existence since 1896. During that year a committee composed of William Rhue. Thomas Mountford, C. W. Brownfield, Jacob Weisend and Thomas Osbourne had canvassed the city and collected enough funds to give such substantial encouragement to the library project, that it was opened in September, 1896. Miss Minta McLane was librarian. The library was not free, memberships costing $1.00 per annum. In 1898 a levy for library purposes was made by the School Board, which resulted in an annual income from that source of $900. That the two libraries might become one and that the library established by the Trades and Labor Council should he represented, the board of directors of the Carnegie Library was increased by special legislation to nine members and three members of the old library board—Thomas Collins. Jacob Weisend and A. V. Gilbert—were added to its number. When the new code took effect in 1903 the board of directors was again changed to its former size, the number of directors being six. The board in 1905 consisted of W. L. Thompson, A. S. Young, George Y. Travis, Thomas Collins, W. N. Bailey and Henry Goodwin.
EAST LIVERPOOL’S CHURCHES.
Early settlers heard the Gospel preached in their homes and in tents. where primitive congregations were wont to assemble in 1800 or earlier. when a Methodist preacher named Robert Dobbins had the river settlements within the bounds of his circuit. The first church building in East Liverpool was St. Stephen's Protestant Episcopal Church. It was erected in 1834 on the site still occupied by the parish in 1905. The site was donated by James Pemberton and the Fawcetts. Rev. Thomas Mitchell is said to have preached the first sermon in St. Stephen's. The original church was replaced in the early '70's by what was known as the "Bell Church." This building was destroyed by fire in 1899. A beautiful stone structure arose from the ashes, which was dedicated December 26. 1900, by Bishop . A. Leonard. This work was accomplished under the ministrations of Rev. Edwin Weary. who was still rector in 1905.
The first Catholic church was built in 1838. on the site afterward occupied by the Vodrey Pottery. This building was destroyed by fire a few days after its consecration. In 1852 a frame building was erected on West Fifth street. and in the early '80's a splendid brick structure replaced the old building. Revs. P. J. McGuire. James Carroll and T. M. Smyth ( who was still in charge of the parish in 1905) have been the chief ministerial workers in the parish since its organization. The First Presbyterian congregation was organized in 1845. the first church building being- a frame structure at the corner of Third and Jackson sweets. Rev. Reuben Lewis preached at intervals as supply. but Rev. G. W. Riggle. who was called in 1867, was the first settled pastor. In 1870 a brick building was erected by the congregation on North Fourth street. In 1877 Rev. Mr. Riggle resigned his charge because of failing health, and he was
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succeeded by Rev. T. V. Milligan. D. D.. who was pastor of the church until 1887. Rey. A. B. Marshall, D. D., succeeded him : and during the early years of his pastorate the membership grew so rapidly that the building became inadequate to the needs of the congregation. So it was torn down and a new. large, handsome and modern structure was ready for dedication before the close of 1889. The structure complete cost $27,000. During Dr. Marshall's pastorate of less than eight years the membership grew from about 400 to over 1,000—beside dismissing about 80 to organize the Second Church in the East End—and had come to be the largest congregation in the Synod of Ohio. Dr. Marshall resigned in 1894 and was succeeded by Rey. John L. Lee. who remained seven years. The next pastor was Rey. C. G. Jordan—for three years— and he was succeeded in 1904 by Rev. E. M. McMillin. who. was the incumbent in 1905. In that year the members of the session were: John R. Stoddard. George Gaston, William Fisher. John M. Aten. C. Allison, John A. George. R. E. Ragman. J. T. Elliott, F. H. Croxall.: A. S. Young. Charles H. Blazier and Harry Watkins.
The Second Presbyterian Church of East Liverpool was organized April, 1890, a frame building having been erected, in the East End, two years previous. for the accommodation of a mission school organized by workers from the First Church. Rev. H. A. Cooper was the first pastor. He was followed by Rev. Mr. McCulloch. and his successor. Rey. N. M. Crowe, was in pastoral charge in 1905. The church building had been enlarged. and the membership was about Soo. The elders were Robert Baird. George Wilson. Truman . McCain and Isaac Beardmore.
The meeting from which probably dates the First Methodist Episcopal Church of East Liverpool was held in the house of Claiborne Simms. in 1827, by Rev. George Brown. There were but eight or to members originally. Their first church building was a log house. The next was a plain brick which, after standing eight years. was demolished and replaced in 1845 by a better one which, in 1874, was succeeded by the fine house of worship still in use in 1905. While the last named building was being constructed, an immense frame barracks was built at the southeast corner of Fifth and Jackson streets, and used for church services, being popularly known as the "Tabernacle," which, title was transferred to the new building when completed. The congregation in 1905 had become probably the largest in the country. the membership numbering over 1,200. The names of the pastors who had occupied the pulpit since 1834 were: Revs. Andrew Huston. F. B. Fast. D. B. Campbell, H. W. Baker, A. Baker, J. M. Carr, E. Williams, M. . Dallas. A. W. Taylor, W. D. Stevens. W. Smith, M. S. Kendig. W. Brown, G. A. Lowman. George Crook, A. Scott, W. P. Turner, E. Hingely, A. W. Butts, S. Burt, John Williams. J. M. Huston, Clark Crawford and B. M. Pratt.
The Second Methodist Episcopal Church was organized in the East End about 1888. In 17 years the society had grown into a flourishing congregation, with a membership numbering about 300. and a comfortable and well equipped house of worship. The pastor in 1905 was Rev. Mr. Lloyd.
The First Methodist Protestant Church was organized in 1855. Rev. E. A. Prindley was the first pastor. The Sons of Temperance Hall, a white, frame building, was purchased by the congregation in 1857, and was known its abandonment 20 years later as the "White Church." A commodious brick building was erected on Fifth street in 1878, during the pastorate of Rev. J. B. Lucas. Rev. W. H. Gladden was his successor. Those following Mr. Gladden in the pastorate were Revs. R. B. Whitehead, C. F. Swift and David Jones.
The First United Presbyterian Church was organized in 1858 by Rev. S. W. Clark. The first church building—whose pulpit was occupied by Rev. J. C. Taggart. D. D., was a frame structure on the southwest corner of Fifth and Market streets. In 1875 the congregation dedicated their handsome brick building on the northwest corner of Fifth and Market streets, then just completed at a cost of $28,000. Dr. Taggart was ordained and installed pastor of
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the church in June, 1869. When Dr. Taggart began his labors in this church, the membership numbered 95. In 1905, Dr. Taggart still being in pastoral charge, a second church had been organized in the East End, and the First Church had a membership of 450. The elders in 1905 were: James McCormick, Matthew Andrews, W. H. Gaston, H. J. Abrams, Philip McBane, J. C. Croft and A. E. McLean.
The Second United Presbyterian Church was organized in the East End in 1887, a building being erected in 1888 under the pastorate of Rev. A. K. Knox. It is an ornamental and modem brick structure which cost about $8,000. After Rev. Mr. Knox, Revs. J. R. Green and D. W. McQuiston were pastors. In 1905 the church had 186 members, the names of the elders at that date being : Charles Hanley, D. F. White, Jesse Smith, . A. Andrews, Elmer Ralston, W. H. Kinney and James Elliott.
The first building of the Evangelical Lutheran Church in East Liverpool was erected in 1867 at the corner of Third and Jackson streets. This was replaced in 1896 by a fine brick and stone structure at a cost of about $17,000. Rev. J. G. Reinartz, who began his pastorate in 1886 with a membership of less than 100, now (in 1905) has a charge of upwards of 500 communicants, to whom he preaches on alternate Sundays in English and German.
The Christian Church of East Liverpool was organized in 1888 by Rev. J. A. Brenenstuhl, of Steubenville. In 1889 the church was incorporated by Stockdale Jackman. H. H. Dixson, J. S. Scott, Thomas Lloyd and Col. William H. Vodrey. A lot was donated by Hon. Josiah Thompson at the corner of Robinson and Elm streets and a building erected. which was dedicated in 1889. Rev. B. C. Black was the first regular pastor. his term continuing until October, 1891. January 26. 1897. the church building was destroyed by fire. Bradshaw's Hall on Broadway was purchased, and this building in 1898 was remodeled into a very tasteful and comfortable house of worship. the original building, ground and improvements representing a cost of $12.000. Revs. Walter Mansel, C. W. Huffer, 0. F. Reed, and J. W. Gorrell had been pastors up to 1905. Then the membership was about 500.
The Second Christian Church was organized in 1903 in East Liverpool (East End), which in 1905 had a membership of about 20o. Rev. F. N. Pittman was then pastor.
The A. M. E. Church, East Liverpool, was organized in 1887, and, under the direction of Rev. J. H. Mason, a house was built the same year. or the year following. Rev. Mr. Mason still had pastoral charge in 1905, the society having a membership of 60.
The Salvation Army organized their work in East Liverpool in 1883, the first officers being Captain Emmel and Lieutenant Blackburn. Later comfortable and commodious barracks were built on Fourth street between Market and Jefferson. The Salvation Army is an influence for good in the city.
THE POSTOFFICE.
It might go without saying that the East Liverpool Post Office is an establishment of prime importance. The office had. in 1905, for some years been doing a phenomenal business for a city of 15,000 or 20,000 population. It was the one town in the county which had the promise of a government building. A site had been purchased on Broadway between Fourth and Fifth streets (formerly the illiam Brunt residence property), but no appropriation for the building had yet been secured. William H. Surles was serving his second four-year term as postmaster. As showing what the office has been doing, and its rapidly increasing business, some statistics are here given for 1898 and 1904. In 1898—Receipts. $26.977.61 ; expenses. $12,597.70 net revenue, $14,379.91. In 1904—Receipts. $42,983.78: expenses. $16,783.48: net revenue. $26,200.30.
MADISON TOWNSHIP
Is township 10, in range 2. in the southern half of Columbiana County. It is one of the larger class of townships in the county. being six miles square. The surface is rugged, many
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of the hills being still forest covered, but the soil is fertile. Round Knob, mentioned elsewhere in this work, is one of the highest points in the State ; and besides this there are many other elevations in the township which afford delightful prospects. The west fork of Beaver Creek flows through a good portion of the township—its course being winding—from the western line to the northeast corner at Williamsport. Bituminous coal of an excellent quality is found underlying nearly all the hills. It had not been worked extensively prior to 1905, but several railroad movements were on foot, mention of which is made in other chapters, for the purpose of the development of the coal and other mineral resources.
Madison township was settled very early in the 19th century, largely by a thrifty and hardy class of people from the Highlands of Scotland. The tract taken up by these men was chiefly in Madison township ; but as the "Scotch Settlement." as it was known for a century or more, measured about to miles in length and from three to five miles in width, it extended some distance into Yellow Creek and St. Clair townships. It is related that Angus McBane. who about 1801 settled in St. Clair township, was the pioneer who led the way to the "Scotch Settlement." for it was his excellent report to his friends in Scotland that led to the emigration at once of a number of Scotch families, the first three to follow him being those of George Ogilvie. Alexander McIntosh and William Forsyth. Among the first to locate in the settlement was Andrew McPherson, who came over in 1802, with two sons and two daughters. He took up the southeast quarter of section 36. Alexander McDonald settled on the northwest quarter of section 36. on the farm later occupied by Andrew McPherson, grandson of Andrew McPherson before mentioned. The northeast quarter of section 21 was entered by James McIntosh. and upon the same section William Monroe and Evan McIntosh were early settlers. John McPhail settled in 1802 on the northwest quarter of section 36. He sold to John Campbell, who came over in 1813. William Falconer, who came from Scotland in 1804, located on section 35, and the place owned later by Samuel Mick was settled by Daniel McCoy in 1803. McCoy was a soldier under General Harrison and a prominent member of the settlement. William and Daniel McIntosh located on section 35, and Duncan Fraser in 1804 settled on section 26, James McIntosh locating on the same section soon after. In 1804 Andrew Smith settled on section 34. He was for many years a justice of the peace and for some time a school teacher. The northwest quarter of section 23 was entered by Jacob Van Fossan. The southeast quarter of section 23 was taken up by Jesse Williams, whose heirs still owned and occupied it in 1905. Adjoining Williams' place was that of Angus McIntosh, who sold to Edward Powers, whose widow and children still owned the farm near the close of the century.
The land now occupied by the village of Glasgow was originally entered by William Mc- Bane, who settled in 1805. Alexander McIntosh early settled on the northeast quarter of section 34, while the northwest quarter was settled by Hugh McBane, and Francis McBane occupied the southwest quarter. John McBane and Jacob Welsh settled on parts of sections 22 and 27. John McGillivray occupied a quarter in section 22. Daniel Davidson located in 1817 on the southwest quarter of section 22, and Charles McLean entered in 1805 the northwest quarter of section 25. Robert McCready, from Washington County, Pennsylvania, entered the east half of section 32, which in 1885 was occupied by his grandson. Joseph. who had acquired it from his father, Joseph. Joseph McCready the elder had 13 children. three of the sons being college graduates. The i southwest quarter of section 32 was entered by Alexander Noble and on the northwest quarter Alexander Fraser was a settler. Alexander Cameron settled on the farm later owned by John Mick, and Janes Douglas on the quarter owned later by James McMillan. Angus Mc- Bane entered the quarter of section 21, later owned by Jonathan Mick. Duncan Davidson settled where subsequently. Daniel McIntosh and F. McIntosh resided. The settlers on section 20 were Abraham Ketchum and Robert Wright. James McKenzie, one of Madison
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township's early settlers, located on section 3r in 1807, was a soldier in the War of 1812. and lived to see his 93rd year. One of his sons. Hon. N. K. McKenzie. represented his senatorial district in the Upper House of the Ohio Legislature for two terms, was afterwards postmaster of Wellsville, and in 1905 was still living in Wellsville at the age of 87. John McKenzie and Samuel Thompson were also settlers on section 31. On section 50 the first settlers were James McIntosh. John McGillivray. Henry Felgar, Henry hidings and John Cameron. On section 19 James Norris. Samuel McCormick, James Beeson and James Cooper located about the same time. Among the early settlers in the neighborhood of the site of the village of West Point were William McLane and Rev. E. N. Scroggs. Henry Bough bought a piece of land and opened a tavern, which he kept for many years. William McLane settled in the township in 1814. and during the period from 1815 to 1827 was justice of the peace. His eldest son, John, settled on section 4 in 1816. Samuel Martin, who settled on section 9 in 1808, was a captain in the War of 1812. J. J. Scroggs, son of Rev. E. N. Scroggs, who settled on section 9, served two terms as county auditor in the early '70's. William Morrison. an early settler, kept a tavern on the northwest quarter of section To, which was afterward owned by Joseph Brown, said to be the best plowman in Columbiana County. The tavern referred to was on the Georgetown road. and for many years was a notable resort, especially as the scene of militia musters. George McCormick. on section 7, and Anthony Shafer. on section 9, were also early settlers. Alexander McDonald and Daniel McCoy came over from Scotland in 1803 and located in Madison township. William Rose, of Madison township, who died in the '80's at the age of 90 years. was one of the well-known and substantial citizens of the township. His father. Charles Rose. settled in 1804 in what at the time was a portion of St. Clair township. now within the limits of Liverpool, whence he removed temporarily to Wayne County. Ohio. but in 1815 he returned to Columbiana. and settled on the place in section 25 in Madison township, after- Ward owned by his son William.
"William Falconer and wife, Andrew Smith (a bachelor who afterward became a noted man in Madison's early settlement)," says Ensign's "History of Columbiana County". "William McIntosh. wife and family, Alexander Smith, father of William McIntosh's wife. Daniel Smith and wife and Duncan Fraser. with wife and three children, shipped from Greenock. Scotland. in 1804. for Baltimore. Maryland. purposing to locate in the 'Scotch Settlement' in Madison township. Instead of conveying the ship to Baltimore as he had agreed to do, the captain landed at Charleston. South Carolina, and at that time the city was plague-strickên with yellow fever. The Scotch emigrants speedily embarked in a ship for Baltimore. but had not proceeded far before their vessel was wrecked. Happily the passengers were cast ashore, and of their number lost but one by the disaster. Their next attempt to reach Ohio was more successful, and. although their journey was a tedious one and hazardous they arrived at the settlement without further diminution of numbers, and entered promptly upon the active duties of pioneers. Many interesting stories are extant concerning the unhappy experiences and trials of the pioneers of the 'Scotch Settlement' upon the eve of their embarkment at Greenock for America, how they were pursued and persecuted by those who sought to impress them into the English service. Many were captured while making ready to sail, some even when on shipboard. and were forced to serve in the English Navy until England and France were at peace again. Alexander Chisholm was thus taken from on board the ship upon which he proposed to sail for America. and despite the efforts of himself and friends, who sought to conceal him from the pursuit of the press-gang. he was compelled to see the ship sail without him, and to defer his promised departure for two years."
Madison township furnished a number of volunteers for the War of 1812. among them being Daniel McCoy. Jesse Williams, James McKenzie, Samuel Martin, ,Duncan McDonald and Angus McDonald. The township also more than filled its quota of volunteers in the Civil War.
The first physician in Madison township
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was Dr. D. Marquis. who practiced in the neighborhood of West Point where he lived. &me of those who succeeded him were Drs. McDowell, Hart, J. J. Ikirt (whose son, Dr. George P. Ikirt, served a term in Congress and was in 1905 practicing in East Liverpool), Ball, Sage and Williams. The first election for justice of the peace and constable of the township was held in the house of Jacob Van Fossan on section 23, in 1811, when Richard Gilson was chosen justice of the peace and Jacob Van Fossan. Jr.. constable.
The village of Glasgow was platted in March, 1852. by William McBane. There is no record of West Point ever having been platted. Williamsport was laid out in August. 1835. These are the only villages within the limits of Madison township : they are all rural settlements of from 20 to 50 houses. and range in size in the order named. West Point was maded a postoffice in 1836, and Glasgow in 1837.
THE “SCOTCH SETTLEMENT" AND ITS CHURCHES.
The Scotch, in their fatherland, were strong in their religious beliefs and customs : and when the hardy and conscientious Highlanders came to the New World they brought their Bibles. the Confession of Faith and their consistent manhood with them. They therefore. naturally, as soon as they became located, set about erecting the family altar and arranging for the public worship of God. Their faith was, as that of their fathers had been for generations, Calvinistic or Presbyterian. A writer in "The Pathfinders of Jefferson County, one of the Ohio Archaeological Society's publications, speaking of the work and influence of the Scotch and Scotch-Irish in the early days of Northeastern Ohio, says : "The prevailing belief that this race (the Scotch- Irish) is a result of a cross between the Scots and the Irish is erroneous. The Scotch-Irish are Scots who first settled in the North of Ireland. known as the Province of Ulster. before the third century. In Ireland they came under the influence of the Cross, and about the sixth century emigrated to North Britain, where they subjugated or crossed with the Pictish tribes; and then what had been Caledonia became Scotland. While the perfidious King James was on the throne, he fell out with certain Irish nobles who possessed Ulster, and, confiscating their lands, colonized them with the Scots; and thus, after a thousand years, the Scot, who became in Scotland the Irish-Scot, returned to the home of his fathers and thereafter was. known as the Scotch-Irish. In these years infusion of new blood went on, adding traits of manhood lacking it the original stock, as generations came and passed. The cross of the intellectual Irish. who had kept the lamp aglow when all else in Western Europe was in chaotic' darkness, with the physically robust Scot made a strong race: but as the years went by the Scot became the audacious Norman, whose spirit of adventure and enterprise. toned by the conservative Saxon strain, gave to his people the elements of character that have revolutionized the factors of progress. And these are the qualities of blood that distinguished this race when representatives thereafter came to America and became the pathfinders of empire, the course of whose star is ever westward. These people were what is known in history as the Covenanter stock, and they were disciples of John Calvin. John Knox and Melville, and when they came to America the principles that were burned into their hearts came with them. `The authority of kings and princes,' said John Knox. 'was originally derived from the people: the former are not superior to the latter ; if the rulers become tyrannical, or employ their power to destroy their subjects, they may be lawfully controlled.' With this spirit the Scotch and Scotch-Irish came to America, and, inspired by the truth of the utterance, they were the first to declare for American independence. If we follow the footsteps of this people along the pathway that leads through the splendid advancement of the world's civilization, we follow them through every triumph of man's progress, and as Hume traced the source of thought to the law of association, we only need mention the result of research in any field of
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endeavor and Scotch names flash to mind."
In most of the Ohio counties the first churches built were almost invariably Presbyterian; and in Columbiana County the Presbyterians shared this distinction with the Friends, in different localities according as the settlers of these societies predominated. But in Madison township, and as far as the "Scotch Settlement" extended, the early settlers were Presbyterian almost to a man. Alexander McIntosh, who had located in the settlement about i802. had been an elder in the Presbyterian Church in Scotland. The first religious services were held in Alexander McIntosh's log cabin, but application was soon made for admission to the presbytery, and for a supply. The request was granted, and ministerial supplies furnished from Western Pennsylvania. Worship was attended by the settlers at Alexander McIntosh's in the western part of the settlement, until i804. The houses were used in the winter season and at other seasons in case of inclement weather, while in summer season tents were erected in the woods and used for. public worship. Among the ministers who preached in the settlement (the first being as early as 1802) were: Revs. Scott, Patterson, Mercer, Cook, Vallandigham, Duncan, Hughes. Imbrie, White, Snodgrass and Wright. The first sacrament of the Lord's supper says one authority, was administered in a tent in John Campbell's place, in 1805, Revs. Hughes, Scott and McMillan being present on the occasion. Another authority states that the first communion was held at Alexander McIntosh's barn, and Rev. Thomas E. Hughes alone officiated.
The first house of worship was built in Yellow Creek township, near the old graveyard. Shortly afterward the noted old log house known as the "Buckwheat Straw House." was built. The first stated supply was Rev. Mr. Gook, who preached half time in 1811 and 1812. The next was Rev. Mr. Robertson, who preached every Sabbath from 1818 to 1821. Following him were Revs. Dillworth and Campbell. The first settled pastor was Rev. Mr. Cross. and following him were Revs. Moore. Martin. J. N. Swan (who was living a retired life at a good old age in .East Liverpool in 1903), J. H. Blackford, J. D. Owen, J.. C. Kreusch. J. A. Calhoun, John R. Jones (stated supply) and J. M. Oliver, the pastor in 1903.
The Yellow Creek Presbyterian Church was incorporated in 1823, with Andrew Smith, Daniel Smith. William Smith, Jacob Van Fossan and Peter Ross as trustees. The first church building was erected in 1827, and this structure was replaced in 1878 by the large and handsome brick edifice still in use almost as good as new in 1905; its graceful spire rises some 90 feet above the level of the church site, and can be seen from all directions for miles around. Alexander McIntosh was the only ruling elder for several years. After him were Angus McBane, John McPherson, Daniel Smith, Andrew McGillivray, Daniel McCoy, Daniel McIntosh, Duncan Fraser. Alexander Chisholm, Alexander McDonald. William Creighton, Andrew Smith, Peter Ross, John Fraser, Daniel McOueen. Daniel Smith. John Falconer and Duncan Smith. In t903 the members of the session were : John A. Noble, P. N. McLean, T. W. Fraser, C. V. Wilcoxen, John Campbell and D. A. Smith.
The Associate Reform congregation of est Beaver was organized about the year 1806, the congregation being in the jurisdiction of the Presbytery of Chartiers. In 1808 the presbytery appointed Rev. Mr. Pringle to preach at the est Beaver branch of the Little Beaver on the last Sabbath or November. In September, 1813. Rev. Joseph Scroggs was appointed to preach on the fourth Sabbath in November and the first Sabbath in September. In April. 1814. the presbytery granted a petition for supplies and the administering of the Lord's Supper at est Beaver. Among the supplies were Revs. Imbrie. Joseph Scroggs. Pringle. Blair. Donau. Douglass and E. N. Scroggs. The last named, who was the first pastor, began his labors in the congregation August 1, 1850. The following November he was ordained and installed pastor I f the churches of West Beaver, Calcutta and Four. Mile. Rev. Mr. Scroggs remained pastor until t838. when he resigned
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and was succeeded by Rev. J. . Harsha, who was installed in 1840. Rev. S. T. Herron followed the latter in 1846 and served the congregation until 1867, when some political dissensions in which he was involved were instrumental in his retirement. Rev. J. H. Leiper succeeded him in 1868, and in 1877 Rev. H. H. Brownlee became pastor. Until 1821 public worship was held chiefly in a white oak grove, on John Guthrie's place, a half mile north of West Point. In that year, illiam Reed and Henry Benner having given two acres of land on section 18, a hewed-log church was built there, and there, too, the congregation laid out a burying-ground. which continued to be used in 1905. The church was replaced in 1851 by a substantial frame edifice. John Armstrong and Thomas Roseburg were the first elders. The name of the church was changed from Associate Reform to United Presbyterian early in the '50s.
The Methodist Episcopal Church of Williamsport was founded in 1820, when a class was organized at the house of \\Milani Crawford, in Madison township, under the leadership of Joseph Kernan. Services were held at Mr. Crawford's house for some years, occasional preaching being enjoyed. The first minister regularly in charge was Rev. Mr. Bronson, under whose ministrations the little band grew and prospered spiritually. The membership included people from townships other than Madison. In 1838. up to which time services had been held in Mr. Crawford's house, it was decided to build a house of worship at what was afterward Williamsport. At this time the membership numbered about 40. Rev. James M. Bray—who was still in the ministerial harness in the '80s—preached the sermon dedicating the new house. Afterwards Revs. Callender, M. Wickley, Henderson. Ansley. John Huston, Andrew Huston and Crouse were early pastors.
In 1871 it was decided to build a new church and to accommodate the members of the four townships the hciise was built at the intersection of Madison. Middleton, Elkrun and St. Clair townships. The first pastor after the new church was built was Rev. A. J. Lane, who was succeeded in order by Revs. Leggett, John Huston, Bedall, James M. Bray and Culp.
About 1830 a Presbyterian church known as the "Middle Beaver Church," was organized and a frame house was built. Among those connected with the church were: H. Gaston, Sr., H. Gaston, Jr., Joseph Lyons, illiam McCammon, John McCammon, Matthias Schurts, James McCaskey, Joseph Fife and Robert Glenn. The organization was dissolved in 1838 or 1839, a portion of the members uniting with the church at Clarkson and others with the Madison church.
In the year 1838 illiam Brown and James McCaskey donated a piece of land on section io for the purpose of erecting a new church. The house was built the same year and dedicated December 27th. On the latter date the Madison Presbyterian congregation, with 21 members, organized by a committee appointed by the New Lisbon Presbytery. The first elders were George Livingstone. Samuel McDevitt and Daniel Crawford. The first stated supply was Rev. J. B. Graham. who preached half time from 1838 to 1842. The first pastor installed was Rev. William McCarty, who served from 1843 to 1845. Revs. Thomas McGill and A. 0. Patterson preached between 1845 and 1847, from which time Rev. Mervin Johnson supplied the pulpit until 1853. Rev. James Price followed him and later pastors were: David Robinson, William Laverty. Robert Hays (stated supply from 1886 to 1890), William Dickson, William Dalzell, David Hargest, C. L. McKee, J. L. Sheppard, J. F. Laufbaum, S. J. Wallace and . H. Rhoades. who was pastor in 1905. The church building erected in 1838 was replaced in 1866 by the one still in use in 1905. In addition to the elders first chosen, subsequent members of the session were : John Croft, Peter Campbell, Edward Crawford. Robert Glenn. Philip iNlarch, Jahngueen._ Peter Treffinger. John Travis, Daniel Crawford. George Robinson. Jesse Glenn and R. A. Blair. In 1905 the members of the session were: John Brown. William Blair. Joseph Crawford. G. B. Lowrie. ^ J. B. Crofts and Joseph Lowrie.
Among the early school teachers in the
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"Scotch Settlement" was John McBane, who taught in a log schoolhouse on Devore's Run. McBane was a student in Jefferson College, Canonsburg, Pennsylvania, and taught in Madison township during vacations. He afterward became a physician and practiced in Cadiz. Andrew Smith was an early pedagogue, who lived in Madison township, but taught in Yellow Creek. John Grant taught several years on the place afterward owned by Samuel Mick. John Elliott and Daniel Smith were also among the early teachers in the settlement. Educational advantages in those days were of course limited as compared with those of a later day. Three months schooling out of the year was about all that the most fortunate could expect. The log schoolhouses were of the most primitive construction, with slabs for desks and benches and greased paper for window lights.
MIDDLETON TOWNSHIP
Is known in the government survey as township 7, in range 1. It lies south of Unity, east of Elkrun and north of St. Clair, borders on the east on the Pennsylvania State line, and contains 36 full sections. The surface is considerably broken ; indeed, for the most part it is quite hilly. The soil is quite variable, and is adapted to a great variety of products. including fruits. The principal stream is the north fork of Beaver Creek, which enters the township from the east, south of the center of section 12, and, after flowing southwest a mile and a half and receiving the waters of Bull Creek, assumes a generally southerly course. Bull Creek flows from the northwest, taking in its course through Middleton the waters of Little Bull Creek and Leslie's Run. The other streams of the township are Brush Run. Rough Run. and Middle Beaver. The last named makes a small bend into the township in the southeastern part of section 31. The natural drainage of the township makes it one of the healthiest in the county.
Many of the early settlers were "squatters." who came over from Pennsylvania and located. under the impression that they could, as at that time in Pennsylvania, locate and hold their land by right of simple possession. As a rule they were not of the most thrifty class of people. Some of these settlers were Benjamin Wright, John Wilson, Jacob Welker, Andrew Wiseley, Stephen Pearce, Joseph Watson, Benjamin Craige and John Hackathorn. The settlements were first made along the streams. John Leslie, who located in the northern part soon after 1800, was probably what might. be styled the first settler, although never prominently identified with the interests of the town; ship. A few years later Aaron Brooks settled on section 14. and in 1805 Baltzer. Young located on the same section with his family. He had sons named Jacob, John. Peter and. Samuel, and three daughters,—Mary. Elizabeth and Margaret. About 1862 Job Russell settled on section 13. where he reared three sons, —Thomas, Caleb and Job. On the same section were Abraham Z.. Joel. Levi and John Rogers and John Briggs. On section 12 the pioneers were John Richardson and his sons.— Samuel, John and Joseph. The last named removed to New Lisbon. and was among the first settlers of that place. On the same section lived John Booth. Alexander Huston and Edward Earle as early as 1804. The first named had sons named John, Isaac. Jeremiah, Hiram, William. Jacob and Ephraim (the family evidently having a fancy for Bible names, as had many others of their day). On section 23 the settlers of that period were Levi Jennings. Francis Andrews and John Eakin and on section 1 the settlers were John and George Grate and Thomas Barton. Afterward some of the Hustons and Burts settled there. Rev. John Burt. who came in 1812. had 13 children. The same year Hugh Eaton settled on this section. On section to the early settlers were Bernard Feazle and Robert Billingsley. It is said that the latter crossed the Alleghanies in a wagon which had wooden tires. He reared sons named Charles, George, John W., Jefferson, Newton and Amos S. Among the pioneers on section 3 were Thomas Rogers, who came in 1806: George Brown, who came in 1804, and Samuel Gorby and Henry Garrett. Pioneers on sections 4 and 9 were Benjamin Scott. Ambrose and Robert
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Martin and Nathan, Joshua and John Crawford. Parley Bowen was a pioneer on section 5, and north. on the farm later occupied by J. M. Rudibaugh, was Joseph Thompson as early as 1804. His son, Joseph, became prominent in State and county politics. James McArter early settled on section 6, and on section 7 Aaron Boram and Stephen Cooper made the first improvements. On section 18 the first settlers were the Siddalls. and later Israel Cope, who died about 1875, aged 92 years. Men Morlan settled on section 8 in 1805, taking a tract of land which had been somewhat improved by a "squatter" named Gibbony. Jonathan Marsh settled on the same section in 1816, as did also James Marsh and James Crawford. On section 17 Jacob and Jonathan Heacock and Thomas McMillan were early settlers. Benjamin Pyle and his sons, Aaron, Henry and Ellwood ; and John Edmondson, with his sons John, Jonathan, Eli. Amos, William, Nathan, Franklin and Hiram. settled early on sections 19 and 20. In i808 Alexander Underwood settled on section 21. where he lived until his death. He had two sons,— Jesse and Alexander. Among the settlers who came after 1810 was Richard Fitz Randolph, who located on section 13, buying a tannery which had been established by Archibald Scott and William Hamilton. He reared seven sons named Bailey, Reuben, Kersey, Jonathan, Richard, Eli and Joseph. These were some of the most enterprising citizens of that portion of the county. In 1812 James Fitzsimmons entered the west half of section 25. In 1814 John Vale and his son Eli settled in the southwestern part of the township. He died in 1879, aged almost 90 years—at the time the oldest man in the township. In this part of Middleton, among the early families were the Saints, Hustons, Guys, Ashfords, Shirtzes, Lyons, Tennisses, Hannas, Stephens and others equally well known in the early history of the township. In 1828 there were more than 200 voters in the township.
The soil of the township is well adapted to the raising of orchard fruits and berries, especially in the northwestern portions, for many years fruit growing being really the principal industry of the people.
An attempt was made in 1806 to found a village on the northwestern quarter of section 18. In November of that year William Heald and Isaac Siddall laid out 14 lots and gave the name of Waterford to the hamlet that was to I be ; but the attempt was a signal failure, not a single house being built there at the time or for many years afterward. Near the same place was many years later started the small hamlet of East Cannel, where a post office was estabI lished in 1871. The Valley of Achor was the name given by Abraham Z. Rogers to a town which he platted about 1806. The location of the State road oven the ridge about a mile south of the place left it to languish. John W. White, Samuel Jackson and Richard Randolph kept stores during the early years. At the mills, which gave the locality some notoriety, was established a post office. Jacob Young was the first postmaster.
Clarkson was for many years the only village in the township. It was located on sections 29 and 30, being platted February 19, 1816, for Robert Hanna by William Heald. The Clarkson post office was established about 1839, Richard Stock being the first postmaster. Other early postmasters were Isaac Warrick, Samuel Casebeer, Moses Louthan and A. Campbell. As early as 1840 the village contained three stores, two churches, two taverns and 25 or 30 dwelling houses. In 1905 Clarkson was a thriving country village, but having neither railroad nor trolley line was seriously handicapped.
The village of Rogers was laid out in 1883 —shortly after the building of the P., L. & W. R. R.—on the west half of section 7. The original plat was made for T. G. Rogers, but several additions have been made. The village was incorporated in 1895. In 1905 0. D. McArter was mayor and W. M. Green, clerk, and the population was then about 500. In the matter of securing manufactories Rogers has not been remarkably successful. In 1895 John Gould,, H. A. Wise and N. J. Baker were given a bonus of $5,000, raised by the people, on condition of building a pottery. A 4-kiln pottery was built and started, but after being operated two or three years it was shut down and was
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idle for about three years. Then, the Bradshaw Brothers from East Liverpool having secured the pottery, an additional bonus of $1,100 was given them on condition that they should bind themselves to run the plant at least one year. This they did, but at the end of the year, to a day, there was a mysterious fire at the pottery, which burned to the ground and was a total loss. However, the Bradshaws had placed $17,000 insurance upon the plant; and while the State fire marshal investigated the matter. no incendiarism could be proven, the insurance was collected and the Bradshaws left for pastures new. They, a little later, secured a large bonus at Niles, formed a stock company and built a pottery there. Meanwhile the brothers tore down the kilns and gathered up the brick from them and from the walls of the ruins, and took away, as it was expressed by a Rogers citizen afterwards, "everything but the holes in the ground where the kilns had stood." The entire transaction gave the little town a "black eye" from which it had not entirely recovered in 1905. Late in the century brick works were started by John W. Hall, of East Liverpool, under the style of the Furnace Brick Company, which have been quite successful. The mines -of the Beaver Coal Company, owned by New York men, were successfully operated for a number of years but were not running in 1905. The town in 1905 was supplied with two hotels (the Central and the Pioneer), a half dozen good stores but not a single saloon. Both the town and township had been "dry" from the incorporation of the tillage. Rogers special school district has a good school building of two rooms and three churches. The first church to be established in Rogers was tile Christian Church—about the beginning of 1889, of which Rev. G. W. Woodbury was minister in charge ; the second in point of time was the Methodist Episcopal Church. only a little later than the Christian organization— Rev. P. A. Bright being pastor—and about 1898, the Presbyterian Church—with Samuel Forbes in charge in 1905. These all had good and comfortable houses of worship.
The village of Wegley also owes its existence largely to the building of the P. L. & W. R. R. It was laid out along the railroad, occupying parts of sections 11 and 12 in the eastern part of Middleton township—being-b platted by T. J. Richardson about 1883. Additions were also laid out by J. T. Chamberlin and Samuel Richardson. In 1905 it had a population of about 400, but no village government. Its principal industries were clay and coal mines. It boasted of four good general stores, a good school building of three rooms and one church, the Methodist Episcopal, of which Rev. S. V. Boyle was the pastor (the congregation was organized in 1892).
Mount Hope College, Rogers, was established in 1883 by Prof: A. Y. Taylor. It has had a somewhat checkered career, but is beautifully located, and the high educational and moral standing of the people of the town and township being greatly in its favor, its best days are undoubtedly in the future. In 1894 the college building was burned, and it was rebuilt in 1894. The name was changed. that of Lincoln College being adopted. In 1905 the college organization had lapsed, but a summer normal school was held that year by Professor Crooks. of Lisbon. The Achor Valley Baptist Church was the first religious organization in Middleton township. It was organized in August, 1804, with 14 members. In 1806 a meeting house was erected of round logs, and had a clapboard roof and ground floor. It had no doors or windows. and the seats were made of split logs. The attractive frame house in use in 1905 is the third one built by the congregation.
The Carmel Meeting of Orthodox Friends was organized about 1810. Jacob Heacock donated a site upon which a log meeting house was built. A new house was built in 1835. which was partially destroyed by fire in 1845, and a frame addition was built to it in 1846. .
About the year 1812 a class of Methodists was formed in the Stevens neighborhood in Middleion township. and in the course of a few years a church organization was formed, which was afterward known as Zion Hill Methodist Episcopal Church. The first meeting house. built about 1828, was replaced in 1865 with a beautiful church edifice at a cost of $2,500.
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The Fairview Methodist Episcopal Church was built, on section 31, in 1869, by a society which had been organized in Madison township, and prior to the foregoing date known as the Williamsport charge.
Largely through the instrumentality of John Burt, a Methodist local preacher, a society was formed about 1822, which some years later built a meeting house on section 1, the congregation being afterward known as the Burt Methodist Episcopal Church. The organization was disbanded in 1867, members taking their certificates to East Palestine.
The Hazelville society of the United Brethren in Christ was a small organization which, in 1850, erected a meeting house in the northeastern part of section 5.
The United Brethren in the central part of the township formed a class in 1864, meetings being held in the district schoolhouse. In 1871 a neat frame church building was erected. In later years the congregation was quite a flourishing one.
The Presbyterian Church of Clarkson was organized in the spring of 1839. A frame meeting house was built that year on a site a little south of Clarkson. The lot was given by Thomas Ashton and George Feazie for a church site and graveyard. A new building was erected in 1877. Rev. William O. Stratton was the first pastor. In 1904 the church had three elders and a total of 146 members.
The United Presbyterian Church of Clarkson was organized in the summer of 1862. A house of worship was built the following year. Until 1868 the piilpit was supplied by keys. S. W. Clark, Martin and Melvin. Rev. A. T. Huston was the first regularly installed pastor. The congregation was dissolved in the early '70's.
ST. CLAIR TOWNSHIP
Is township 6, in range i, having an area of about 29 square miles, being rectangular in shape. five and three-quarter miles long and five miles wide. The southern sections. as the township was originally constituted, were cut off to form Liverpool township. The land lies high although fertile ; and the township is rich in natural beauty and contains a large scope of wild and romantic scenery. Little Beaver Creek flows through the township in a serpentine course, along or near the eastern border, and, emerging at the southeast corner, passes across the northeast corner of Liverpool township, and thence across the corner of Beaver County. Pennsylvania, into the Ohio River. The middle fork of Beaver Creek flows in a zigzag manner across the northern portion, and. being joined at Fredericktown, by the north fork, the two form thence to the Ohio what is known as the Little Beaver. The old Sandy and Beaver Canal' passed through St. Clair township along the course of the Little Beaver.
"Hunter" John Quinn settled in St. Clair township in 1792 or 1793, and is supposed to have been the first white man to locate in the township. He built a log cabin about a mile and a half east of where Thomas Huston afterward lived. In 1796 Seth Thomas located upon the northeast quarter of section 26, afterward owned and occupied by John Montgomery, Enos Thomas, his son, was a justice of the peace, and in 1803 was a member of the board of commissioners that organized Columbiana County. James and John McLaughlin, brothers, and John Coburn crossed the Alleghanies in wagons to Fort Pitt, where they transferred their families and household effects to a flatboat and floated down the Ohio to Georgetown. Pennsylvania, James McLaughlin and Coburn coming almost immediately into Ohio and settling in what was later St. Clair township, the former on the northeast quarter of section 21, where B. D. Fisher afterward lived, and the latter on section 22. where later was the Seth Rauch farm. In 1797 John Totten settled in what is now Liverpool township, where also in the same year Isaac Matson located, on section 32. Closely following them, James Caruthers settled upon section 28. where James McCoy afterward had a farm, and John George, with his two sons, William and Thomas, settled on what was later known as "Buck Flats." They later located on the northwestern quarter of section 29, later owned and occupied by Lachlin Ross.
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In 1797 John Gaddis settled in what was afterward Liverpool township, and in the same year Thomas Moore located on section 23, Robert Davis on section 22, and, in 1798, Samuel Huston on section 21. In 1798 James McLaughlin, Jr., settled on section 15, William White on section 12 in 1800, Moses Bair on section 11, Cornelius Sheehan on section 9, Lewis Cannon on section 8, William Sheehan also on section 9, and Perry Burke on section 12. James, Huston, who lived near Calcutta until past 90 years of age, with his father Samuel, in 1800, moved from Virginia to St. Clair township, where they settled on the place in later years occupied by Thomas Huston. Other settlers in that neighborhood about that time were Samuel and John Coburn, near where Calcutta now is ; John Quinn, a mile and a half east of Huston's place; James and John McLaughlin,. Samuel Hull and James Caruthers. Most of these came from Pennsylvania. Soon after, James Montgomery, also from Pennsylvania, located south of where later the Calcutta schoolhouse stood ; and near the same place Charles Hoy, a Pennsylvanian, took up a farm. John Kelly, James Gonzales and Thomas George settled near Montgomery on the State road. Miss Rebecca Quigley was in 1879 still living, at the age of 80, in Calcutta. She related that she, with her father, had settled in Calcutta in 1813, when the village contained but six log cabins. Her father. Samuel Quigley, opened the first store in a log cabin in Calcutta. Soon after that date, John Hambel, a carpenter, built a one-story frame shop in the village. Miss Quigley's brother. Samuel. in 1822 settled in Calcutta as a practicing physician. Moses Curry and Gustavus Allen had prior to that time been practicing physicians in the neighborhood, but neither remained long. Dr. Quigley continued to practice medicine in St. Clair township for 50 years. He died in 1872. Enos Thomas, justice of the peace of St. Clair township, performed. on May 17, 1803, the first marriage ceremony in the county, the parties being Jesse Smith and Susanna Shaw. According to the records. Squire Thomas also married Isabella Sheehan to Samuel Dougherty, August 18. 1803 ; Ann Hoy to Andrew Poe, September 8, 1803 ; and Sisson Stevens to Adam Hays, October 6, 1803.
"Many of the early settlers," says Ensign's "History of Columbiana County," "failed to attend, promptly to the necessary feature of entering their lands. and the consequence was to more than one an unfortunate omission. There were sharp-eyed speculators in those days, and they busied themselves in keeping a watch for the careless settlers who improved their lands before entering them. While the toiling pioneers, therefore, were creating farms. and while they looked with satisfaction upon the fruits of their industry, and began to think of visiting the Steubenville land office, some sharper stepped in before them, and, under cover of the law, appropriated the unhappy pioneer's farm and enjoyed the profit of the other's exhaustive labors. It was a distressing hardship, but legal redress there was none. Fortunately, however, the game played by the ruthless speculators put new-comers on their guard after a while; and, after the first few lessons. the business of entering lands before improving them was not neglected."
St. Clair was organized in 1803 as one of the original townships of Columbiana County, and had its boundaries fixed by the county commissioners March 5, 180. From the territory then set apart St. Clair was deprived in 1834 of sections 31, 32, 33, 34, 35 and 36, which, with fractional township 5, were in that year apportioned to the new township of Liverpool. The township of 'St. Clair up to 1905 had no incorporated villages. The hamlets in the township were Calcutta, Cannon's Mills, Sprucevale and Fredericktown. Calcutta. the earliest settled and always the most important of the four, was the seat of the township authority. It had long contained a town hall, a good schoolhouse, hotel and two or three good general stores. At Cannon's Mills was a splendid grist-mill and a general store. Fredericktown was laid out by George Frederick. in December, 1833 ; there has always been a good country store, and for many years a grist-mill. tannery, sawmill, and cooper shops. Sprucevale never attained any special importance beyond that of a quiet country settlement. Cal-
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cutta was for a time in the early days known as Foulkstown, in honor of William Foulks, an early settler, who built the first brick house in the village. But the place was originally laid out as est Union by William Foulks and Michael Shirtz.
The Long Run Presbyterian Church was organized in 1800. When Revs. McCurdy, McMillan, Scott and Marquis, of Western Pennsylvania, were engaged in the great revival work in their own neighborhood, they visited St. Clair township, and, where Calcutta later stood, held meetings in houses, in tents, and under the trees in the open air. The first sermon is supposed to have been delivered in i800 by Rev. Mr. Hughes, of Pennsylvania, tinder a tree at the intersection of the crossroads which were afterward the two main streets in Calcutta. The next sermon was preached on William Tucker's farm. Thence the place of public worship was changed to Long Run, a little more than a mile east of Calcutta. and here the Long Run Church was organized. The first elders were Samuel Marquis and Eben Miller. Services continued to be held in the cabins of settlers or in the open air. The first settled pastor was Rev. Clement Vallandigham, who was installed about 1806. About the same time he was pastor of the Presbyterian Church at New Lisbon, where he made his home. Mr. Vallandigham continued to serve both congregations until 1817, at which time he was engaged for his full time by the New Lisbon church. In 1808 the united membership of the two churches at Calcutta and New Lisbon was less than 50, but in 1817 the membership rolls of the two societies showed an aggregate of 261. A log church had been built on the Tucker farm, but in 1810 William Foulks donated the land for the second log church. very near the site occupied by the church building erected later by the Long Run congregation. The second settled pastor was Rev. William Reid. who from 1821 preached alternately at Calcutta and New Lisbon, his pastorate continuing 28 years. For some years the membership of the Long Run church outnumbered that of any other church in the presbytery. Later it lost many of its members by transfer to the churches of Madison, East Liverpool, Clarkson and Yellow Creek. During Rev. Mr. Reid's time the log church was replaced by a small brick edifice, and this, in 1830, was enlarged by the addition of 40 feet to its length. Early members of the church session were: Nicholas Dawson, George Dawson, Herbert White, George Dawson, Jr., Mr. Young, Mr. Foulks, Mr. McCammon, Dr. Samuel Quigley and John Montgomery. While Rev. Mr. Reid was pastor, some dissension arose over the display of some sacred pictures at a church entertainment, and as a result a number of members withdrew and organized an Associate Reform Church. In 1850, when Rev. Robert Hays became pastor there were but 50 members. However, at the close of Rev. Mr. Hays' pastorate of less than four years, the membership had increased to 90. Following Rev. Mr. Hays, Revs. McMahon and others served the congregation in later years. The brick church building still in use in 1905 was erected in 1868, and cost $6,000.
The Associate Reform Church of Calcutta was the outgrowth of the dissensions in the Long Run Presbyterian Church, the seceders about 1848 building a small brick church. Previous to that and directly after the Long Run church's trouble. Rev. Dr. Priestly, of the Theological seminary at Allegheny. organized the new church in the barn of John Rauch, on the farm later owned by Adam Hickman. The first and only pastor of the church was Rev. Samuel Clark. who ministered to the congregation until they joined with the United Presbyterian Church of Calcutta. The latter congregation had been organized in 1815. Public services were held as early as 1812 in a grove near the site occupied later by the church building. In 1815 Rev. Elijah N. Scroggs was installed first., pastor. Rev. Mr. Scroggs was also for some years in charge of the West Beaver and the Four Mile (Pennsylvania) churches: but later devoted his entire time to Calcutta and Four Mile, remaining in charge until his death. December 20. 1851. He was buried in the cemetery near the Calcutta church. Rev. Mr. Scroggs' successor was
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Rev. Joseph Barkley, whose pastorate continued four years, during which lie preached also at Glade Run. Death ended in one year the pastorate of Rev. Thomas Andrews; and in 1864 Rev. John W. Martin was called to the charge of the united congregations of Calcutta and East Liverpool. In 1867 he relinquished the charge of the Calcutta congregation, and in May, 1868, J. H. Leiper, then a theological student, took charge of the congregations of Calcutta and West Beaver. He served both congregations until January 1, 1876, when the Calcutta charge engaged him for his full time. The first house of worship was built about 1818, and the second (still in use in 1905) in 1865. The first elders of the church were John Stewart. John Ansley and John Smith. The pastors after Rev. Mr. Leiper's time were: Revs. Gilfillan, McClintock, McKelvy, Campbell and W. H. Clark— the last named being pastor in 1905.
The Disciples Church at Fredericktown was organized in 1827 by Elder Walter Scott. The organization took place in the schoolhouse of District No. 1 of St. Clair township, and there public worship was maintained until 1829. The members of the church at the organization were: John Jackman. Jacob Wollam and David Figlev and their wives, and Mary Gaston and Rebecca Meek. The first house of worship was built in Fredericktown in 1829, and in 1853 a new church was erected upon a site about one and a half miles south of Fredericktown. This structure was removed in 1877 to Fredericktown, where it continued to serve the purposes of the society. Among the pastors of the church have been Elders John Jackman. Israel Benton, John Applegate, George M. Lucy and J. M. Davis. Elder Jackman, the first pastor, continued to serve the congregation for many years. For sonic years up to 1905 the congregation had no settled pastor. the pulpit being supplied occasionally from East Liverpool.
The Methodist Church at Calcutta was organized in 1869. Rev. Alexander Scott was the first minister. Before his death, in 1869, George Thompson bequeathed $400 to the village of Calcutta toward the erection of a public hall, upon condition that it should be devoted, free of charge, to the use of any denomination desiring to worship therein. Previous to the erection of the Town Hall, which was in 1872. the Methodists worshiped in the Calcutta schoolhouse; but upon the completion of the hall they began to hold services there and continued to occupy it. Rev. W. B. Watkins, presiding elder, preached the first sermon in the hall during the ministry of Rev. William P. Turner, who was stationed at East Liverpool, and preached at Calcutta twice a month. Some of those who supplied the pulpit were: Ezra Hingely, William White, Cyrus Brough, Alonzo Shaw, S. Burt and several others. After Rev. Mr. Hingeley's time, the church was made a mission.
One of the earliest school teachers, if not the very earliest, was Joseph McKinnon, who taught very soon after the year 1800 in a log schoolhouse on what was later the East Liverpool road, on a place subsequently owned by the McCoys. His successor was Samuel Polk. About 1810 John Quinn taught in a log schoolhouse above where Dr. Calvin lived in later years, and William H. McGuffey—later the well-known author of McGuffey's readers and spelling-books—taught in a frame building in Calcutta. Still later Joseph Hoy taught in a log schoolhouse near the site in later years occupied by the Calcutta schoolhouse. Before the close of the century seven school districts had been established in the township, viz : Calcutta, Beaver Creek, Fredericktown. the Bell school, Mount Pleasant. Cannon's Mills and one on the Wellsville road.
FRANKLIN TOWNSHIP
Was originally numbered 14 in range 4. but. by the accession in 1832 of a portion of Wayne township. lies now partly in range 3. Its boundaries are Center and Hanover townships on the north, Washington township and Carroll county on the south, Wayne and Washington townships on the east, and Carroll County on the west. The Cleveland and Pittsburg Division of the Pennsylvania lines passes through the township diagonally from the
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southeast to the northwest, the two stations on the road, Summitville and Millport, being within the bounds of the township. There are several small streams, but so unimportant as to never have furnished a large amount of water power. The surface of the country is moderately hilly, and the soil is very fertile. The first settlements in what is now Franklin township were made on the eastern row of sections, which were, however, not included within the bounds of Franklin township until 1833, being previous to that a portion of Wayne. In 1804 William King settled on section 7. But William Laughlin was the first settler in what was early known as Franklin township. He came from Pennsylvania in 1805 and located on section 11, where William R. Linn afterward lived. The next settler was Philip Willyard, who with his wife and two children settled in November, 1805, on section 12, where his son John resided many years afterwards. On the place settled by William Laughlin, it is said, Gen. Anthony Wayne camped one night with his troops. and the spot whereon he pitched his tent, it is averred, is still pointed out, and the little stream on whose banks he rested with his men is called Camp Run. Thomas Ferguson, who located on section 9 (now in Carroll County) was one of Franklin township's early settlers. Robert Smith also settled on the same section in 1815. A daughter of Robert Smith, who as late as 1880 lived with the family of William Davis, on the farm settled by her father at that time, remembered distinctly early incidents. Their nearest neighbors were Hugh McElroy and his mother (a widow). who settled on section 9 prior to 1815. James McOuilkin was a settler on section 3. In the south, one of the earliest settlers was Jacob Marietta, who came from Maryland. John Morrison came to Columbiana County shortly after 1800, and located in Franklin township in 1814. James B. Morrison resided 25 years in Franklin township, lived subsequently an equal period of time in Wayne township, and later removed to and lived to a good old age in New Lisbon. In Franklin township's early settlement, about 1814. may be mentioned William Loughlin, John King. Sam- uel Brown, Adam Knauff, Adam Custard and Jacob Hackathron. Shortly after 1814, among those who settled were William Phillips, James Anderson. William Knepper, James Smart, Thomas Coney, Hugh Linn and Jabez Coulson, the last named being one of the earliest justices of the peace. Samuel Brown settled in 1807 on the place on section to where afterward illiam Linn lived; James Anderson, in 1806, on the farm next north of the Willyards, and, north of that, William Knepper. Thomas Fife entered a quarter on section one and leased it to George McVey. Moses Gillespie entered a quarter on the same section; Adam Custard. from Maryland, settled on section 2; John Morrison on section io, John Brannon on section 14, afterward occupied by David Lockard, and James McQuilkin on section 3. Matthew McGuin entered section 2 in 1812, "because," says an early authority, "at that time there was upon it a schoolhouse, which had been erected when the section was still government land, and McGuin thought it an easy way to get a house for. nothing." Thomas Cooney located on section n at an early day, and on the same section John King entered the quarter afterward owned by John Cooney and sold it to Adam Knauff. William Laughlin, the first settler, was also the first justice of the peace. and performed his first marriage ceremony in the event where Henry Hull, of Wayne township. figured as the groom (the bride's name not being given in the authority from which this is quoted). Hull paid the 'squire three bushels of corn for performing the ceremony. John Willyard, it may be said in passing, servide as justice of the peace, with one intermission of but one year, from 1828 to 1875, a period of 46 years. Daniel and John Lindesmith and Mowrey Kountz, with several other citizens of Franklin township whose names are not at hand, served in the War of 1812. “John Clark," relates an authority already quoted, "was an early settler who lived on a fork of Yellow Creek, in a ravine, and with his family found shelter one winter against a large log, over which they had spread a bark roof. This was their habitation until spring and an uncomfortable one it was; but
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they struggled bravely through the cold season until spring set in, when a log cabin was built. Hint and steel served in those days the purpose of matches, and often settlers would go a long way to borrow a fire-brand from a neighbor to start a fire when flint and steel were wanting."
James McQuilkin, who learned his trade with David Ehrhart, of Hanover township, was the first blacksmith in Franklin township. Thomas Ferguson was the first shoemaker, and the families of Philip and Mary McOuilkin the first to use looms. John Morrison was the first house carpenter, and Philip inyard, Andrew Sweeney, Hugh Brannon, it is related, "the first to make rye whisky." Franklin township was organized in 1816. It then contained 36 sections, and was presumed to have an area of six square miles. In 1832, when Carroll County was organized. Franklin was deprived of three rows of sections on the west, and at the same time was partially compensated by an addition on the east of one row of sections. taken from Wayne township, leaving the limits of Franklin township within an area measuring four miles. from east to west and six miles from north to south. and containing 24 sections. The first poll- book was made out in 1816 by James B. Morrison, who was, at the first township election, chosen to the office of constable.
Franklin township has but two villages. Summitville and Millport, both being stations on the Cleveland & Pittsburg Railroad. Neither is incorporated. Summitville was laid out in March, 1853. by Peter Friedt. and so named because the site upon which it rests was supposed to be "the highest point of elevation between the waters of the Sandy and Lake Erie." It is situated in an excellent agricultural district, by reason of which it has enjoyed a substantial though small mercantile trade.
Millport, about two miles north of Summitville, was laid out in January, 1853 by Philip Willyard and Hugh Laughlin. The place was originally known as Franklin, but. confusion arising frequently from the similarity of name with Franklin Square. in the northern part of the county, it was changed to Millport. as significant of the existence at that point of a grist-mill and sawmill. Bethesda Presbyterian Church, in Franklin township, was organized in 1821, previous to which time, however, there had been Presbyterian services held in the township by Revs. Clement Vallandigham, James Robertson and others, chiefly in the barn and residence of Hugh Linn. Rev. Mr. Vallandigham preached about a year. The church was organized in the time of Rev. Mr. Robertson. In 1822 the first church building was erected, which was replaced in 1855 by the structure still in use in 1905. The first session of the church was composed of Patrick McKaig, John Cameron. John Morrison and Hugh King. Successors of Rev. James Robertson (the first settled pastor) were : Revs. Josuha Beer, J. B. Graham. James Robertson (for a second term), Robert Johnson. Robert Dickson, William Dalzell, David Miller, Joseph E. Carson, John R. Dun- class, J. B. Miller. B. M. Price (1877-84). R. B. Love (1885-91), J. F. Kirkbride (189303), and J. B. Black, who entered upon the pastorate in 1904. The elders in 1905 were Robert Binsley, John M. Hull, H. J. Pellet', M. D.. and John N. Blake.
Public worship, according to the Roman Catholic faith. was held as early as 1838 in a church built on the McAllister place. near the northern line of the township. It was known as the "McAllister Church." and was attended by Catholics from the townships of Franklin, Hanover and Center. Later, when the Catholics of Franklin township worshiped near Summitville, the church at the north was abandoned and a new church built in Hanover township. In 1845 a log building originally erected for a store, near the site later occupied by the church at Summitville, was purchased by the Catholics of Franklin township and St. John's Church was established, as a mission point. where the priests stationed at other churches held occasional services. In 1848 a fine brick church building was erected at a cost of about $10,000 and; the-congregation by that time having grown stronger, a priest was stationed there, since which time the church has flourished. The first pastor of the parish was Rev. James Conlon, and after him came Revs. Thomas Kennedy, Francis Stoker, Michael Prendegast, Thomas Welsh, D. Tighe, P. J.
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McGuire, D. A. Kelly, E. J. Murphy and others.
About 1818, there being in the township quite a number of families who belonged to the Society of Friends, a log meeting house was built in that neighborhood now included within the limits of East township, Carroll County. Among the leading members of the organization were Richard and John Battin. Stephen McBride. Jr.. Isaiah Williams and Mordecai Saunders. The Friends worshiped there several years. but the gradual depletion of their numbers by removals led before very many years to the dissolution of the society.
James Barr is supposed to have been the- first school teacher in Franklin township. He taught in 1812 in a schoolhouse built by the settlers on section 2 , while it was yet government land. After Matthew McGuire had entered the section, as already related, he tried to sell the schoolhouse with the site (which he had acquired with the title to the land) to the settlers for school purposes ; but they refused to be parties to such a speculation. and proceeded to build a second schoolhouse on William Laughlin's farm. This was soon after destroyed by fire, and a third house erected near the same spot. William Kneppert and Patrick Smith taught in the new house. One dollar and a half was the amount paid per quarter for each scholar in those days ; and, as 25 scholars were about the average number gathered at one time, a teacher's pay then was not calculated to make a man wealthy in a very short time. Before the close of the century four district schools provided educational advantages to the youth of the township under the common school system of Ohio. There have been few manufacturing or other industries in Franklin township aside from farming, except a few grist-mills, sawmills and tanneries, which are referred to in another chapter of this work.
WEST TOWNSHIP.
According to the old surveys and allotments West township is township 6 north, range 5 east. It is bounded by Knox town-ship on the north, Hanover township on the east, Carroll County on the south and Stark County on the west. The township is drained by the Mahoning River and its branches on the north and the Big Sandy and tributaries of the Tuscarawas on the west and south. The surface of the land is undulating and the soil is fertile, almost all the land being susceptible of cultivation. A portion of the township furnishes the water shed between the Mahoning and the Tuscarawas Rivers, the greatest elevation being in the vicinity of Chambersburg, on sections 9. 10, 15 and 16. The township was organized in 1816 and contains full 36 sections. Pioneers began taking up land about the time the county was organized in 1803. Among the earliest pioneers in the northern part of the township was Michael Sanor, who came to West township in the spring of 1804. He had a family of it children. Sanor had been a soldier in the Revolutionary War. John Ruff also settled in the spring of 1804, on section 3. In the Ruff family were 13 children. Henry King settled on section 4, also in 1804, and David Smith entered and settled on section 11 the same year. The Smith family consisted then of the parents and 10 children—which may partially account for the plentitude of the Smiths in Columbiana County since those days of big families and the rarity of race suicide. On May 5, 1805, John Hahn located on section 8. It is related of Hahn that he brought with him a wife but no children. Nevertheless, after locating in West township, they were obedient to the Scriptural injunction, for they were fruitful and multiplied to the extent of 14 sons and daughters. In 1806 Isaac Davis came to West township bringing his wife and four children. In 1808 William Harrison, John Freed and John Hahn, Sr.. located in the township, and the same year a number of other families located in various parts of the township. In 1811 Jehu Coulson, with a family of eight children, settled in the township, and in 1812 Nathan Pine, John Messmore and Philip Wolf took up land. Philip Brenner settled in 1813 ; Isaac Willis in 1819, and about the same time Andrew Barnes, Jacob Lower, Henry Betts, John Zepernick, Henry
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Barnes, Jacob Redmond and John Foulks came into the township and took up land. Joseph Willis and Joseph Willis, Jr., his son, settled in West in 1822; Jacob Koffel in 1823, and Joseph Summers in 1825. John Clark and family settled on section 9 in 1831; Taylor Wooley came in the spring of 1833 with his wife and children, John Snyder in 1834, Eli Taylor in 1835 and Lewis McCoy in 1837.
The oldest hamlet in West township is New Alexander. It was platted about 1812. Originally it comprised about 20 acres of land, owned by David Smith. A hotel was built in 1818, which bore the sign of the Black Bear. It was kept for many years by John Ritz. The village was on the old stage line, and in the clays of stage-coaches was a place of more note than it has been of later years.
Chambersburg was laid out December 20, 1828, the proprietors being Michael Coxsen, David Myers, George Ball and William McMillan. Chambersburg is situated three miles west of New Alexander, and on the old stage road of nearly a century ago. An old hotel stood on the site of the village before it was laid out. It was kept Samuel Miller until it Was destroyed by fire in 1830. J. D. Koffel then built a hotel which he conducted for some time. Chambersburg never grew to any importance as a village after the days of stagecoaches.
East Rochester was platted in December, 1834, by J. G. Williard, under the proprietorship of Thomas Emmons and Isaac Davis. But on its site before it was laid out as a hamlet there was a postoffice known as Emmons Cross-Roads. Additions were made in 1854 and 1862 by George Sloan. The first store was kept by Jacob St. Clair, while yet the hamlet was known as Emmons Cross-Roads. Later Joseph Coulson was postmaster. and after the completion of the Cleveland & Pittsburg Railroad through the village in 1852 Mr. Coulson also served as station agent.
The first plat of Lynchburg was made December 4, 1834, the original land-owners being Eli Wickersham and Amos Preston. An addition was made December 26th of the same year by Amos Preston, William Hall and Philip Wickersham. The hamlet which was named in honor of Lynchburg, Virginia, owed its existence to the construction of the Sandy and Beaver Canal and consequently its best days were its early days. From the time of the abandonment of the canal the hamlet began to decline. On May 6, 1845, on petition of Owen Stackhouse, the Court of Common Pleas of the county ordered that 46 lots, then within the village limits, be vacated as town lots.
Moultrie was laid out on sections 7 and 8 in West township February 7, 1853. The survey had been made in 1851. John Foulks was proprietor of the land.. J. G. Williard making the survey. The Village is located on the Cleveland & Pittsburg Railroad, which accounts for its existence. The population in 1905 was about 100. It had one good general store and a postoffice which did a large business for a small office, largely due to the extensive mail order trade of Hon. Daniel W. Crist, music publisher.
Bayard is located at the junction of the Cleveland and Pittsburg Division and the Tuscarawas Branch of the Pennsylvania lines. It was laid out in April. 1852, under the direction James Farmer and Cyrus Prentiss, who had purchased the land for the purpose.
Records of early church societies in est township are very meagre. Church organizations were rare, and religious services as a rule. must have been of an informal nature. But one church building of any sort is known to have existed in the township prior to 1850. This was a combination of church and schoolhouse, built of logs in 1810, at New Alexander. This building seems to have been intended for school purposes, religious worship and for all public meetings. It was demolished in 1840. Members of the Society of Friends met for worship for some years after 1815 in the log schoolhouse on section 35. What was known as the Plains, Disciples Church was built about 1850 a mile southwest from Bayard. The building had been removed in 1845. Presbyterians, Methodists and Lutherans met for worship at intervals during the early years of the century, but no records seem to have been preserved from which accurate data can
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be secured. The Mennonites appear to have had one of the earliest permanent societies. They organized about 1840, and in 1858 built a small frame church on section 9. The society never had a large membership. The Bible Christians organized a society at New Alexander about 1840. Later they erected a church building near the site of the old log schoolhouse and church built in 1850. Among the early ministers of the society were Revs. Robert Hawkins and John Seacrist. Later the society adopted the name "Christian." The Disciples organized about 1870 and built a church at New Alexander. Both these societies were in a flourishing condition in 1905.
Himes Church was built and so named in honor of John Hime, the donor of the land upon which it was erected. The premises were deeded to three trustees as representatives of the Presbyterian, Lutheran and German Reformed societies, to be used by the three societies in common. The first building, erected in 1842, was replaced by a larger one in 1873. The church building was used by these three societies, or denominations ( for there appeared to he no permanent organization by any of them). In the course of years the services lagged and the congregations dwindled away, the Reformed people holding out a little longer than the others. But finally all abandoned holding public services, and the building passed practically into disuse. In 1893 a union chapel was erected, especially for funeral services. The Christian Church of East Rochester was organized in 1876, and had become a flourishing little society in 1905. In 1902 a union church was built in New Chambershurg, and one of the same character was erected in 1904 at Bayard. The building was erected for the use of the various evangelical denominations in common.
A Methodist Episcopal society was organized at East Rochester in 1851, but disbanded about to years later. It was reorganized, however, in 1876, when a church edifice was built, and the society entered upon a new lease of life.
In 1811 a school was located on section 35, West township. In 1812 Nathan Pine taught the school. In the Sanor neighborhood a log schoolhouse was built in 1816. The township school districts have been frequently changed since their original organization. At one time there were 14 within the bounds of the township. In 1905 there were nine—seven regular township schools and two special districts.
Aside from farming there have been few important industries in the township. The grist-mills and sawmills of the early and later days have been referred to in another chapter. |