(RETURN TO THE TITLE PAGE) 350 - HISTORY OF CLEVELAND bert college. He was president of his class in 1908-09, is a member of the Students council, president of the Civics Club and leader of the Mandolin Club. He is a member of the Delta Upsilon and the Scarabeus societies. It is not necessary to say that Professor Curtis is a man of broad scholarly attainments, for this has been shadowed forth between the lines of this review. More than that, however, he is a man of deep human sympathy and abiding charity, while his spirit of encouragement and helpfulness has won for him the warm personal friendship of students and associates, who regard his teachings and his personal interest as an inspiration. CHARLES W. HOLMDEN. Charles W. Holmden, a retired grocery merchant of Cleveland, living at 3790 West Thirty-seventh street, was born February 21, 1853, in Pleasantville, Pennsylvania, a son of Walter and Pauline (Rooker) Holmden, the former a native of England and the latter of New York. The father died November 2, 1864, but the mother is still living on Denison avenue and is still quite active, possessing all of her faculties unimpaired, although now well advanced in years. Charles W. Holmden has been a resident of Cleveland from the age of twelve. He is a graduate of the public schools, continuing his education until 1873, when he left the high school of Brooklyn, Ohio, and entered business life. For eleven years thereafter he was engaged in farming and his diligence and determination constituted a force that brought him a capital sufficient to enable him to engage in the grocery business. In 1884 he established a grocery store on West Twenty- fifth street, Cleveland, and carried it on in a systematic and enterprising manner that led to success. In 1894 he sold out and went to Pennsylvania, where he became connected with the oil business, in which he remained for about a year. He then returned to Cleveland, where he established a feed business, which he conducted until his retirement in February, 1908. He is now engaged in no line of business, for the prosperity which he attained in former years precludes the necessity of further labor in order to provide for his own support. In 1874 Mr. Holmden was united in marriage to Miss Electa Edgerton, and unto them were born seven children, of whom one is now deceased. These are: Della Electa, Walter Elmer, Martha Phlain, Charles Ezekiel, Zephorena, Ivadell and Vivian. The first three are now married. Coresta passed away in 1902. Mr. Holmden belongs to the Royal Arcanum and to the Masonic lodge. His republican principles are evidenced in his support of the party at each election and in the fact that he is thoroughly conversant with the attitude of the party upon all vital questions. He owns the pleasant home where he resides with his wife and. three younger children and that he is enabled to enjoy the comforts of life is due entirely to the diligence and perseverance which he displayed in former business connections. CAPTAIN GEORGE L. DE WOLF. Captain George L. De Wolf was for many years a picturesque figure in connection with the shipping interests of the Great Lakes. He was a youth of but sixteen years when he first sailed and from that time afterward until a few years prior to his death was connected with navigation. There is something in such a life, where man stands face to face with nature, that is contrary to all sham and pretense and brings out the real character of the individual. Captain De Wolf became strong and fearless and at the same time carefully conserved the interests HISTORY OF CLEVELAND - 351 over which he had control, wisely using his scientific knowledge and broad experience when it became necessary to battle with the elements. Ohio numbered him among her native sons. He was born in Conneaut, January 18, 1837, his parents being Otis and Minerva M. (Tyler) De Wolf, of Oswego, New York. At the usual age he entered the public schools of his native town and continued his education in Conneaut Academy. His parents had removed from Oswego to Conneaut in 1833 and there his father founded and conducted a shipyard and built the schooners "Mary M. Scott" and "Indianola" and also rebuilt many other vessels. In 1854 the father went to Erie, Pennsylvania, where he constructed the "St. Paul," "St. Anthony" and "Milton Courtright" and also did general rebuilding and ship repair work. Captain De Wolf of this review comes of a family of seafaring people, his maternal grandfather, Edward M. Tyler, and his brothers having been sea captains who sailed from New Bedford, Connecticut, and other New England ports. It was, therefore, a strong natural tendency in his nature that led Captain De Wolf to become identified with the sea. He began sailing on the lakes in 1853, when but a boy, shipping aboard the brig "H. G. Stambach" under command of Captain Andrew Lent. He closed this season on the schooner "Snowdrop," a vessel built-at Conneaut, as was the "Stambach." In 1854 he shipped with Captain Charles Blodgett on the steamer "Ocean" of the Detroit & Cleveland line, and in 1855 he sailed on the propeller "Charter" between Cleveland and Buffalo. In 1856 he went on the schooner "Falcon," with which he was connected two years, and his next berth was on the schooner "Andrew Scott." He was then transferred to the "Potomac" in 1859 and closed the season as second mate on the bark "S. B. Pomeroy," on which he sailed the following season as mate. In 1861-2, he sailed on the "Monitor" and "Kate Darley." During the winter months of the previous years, he was employed in the shipyards owned by his father and thus became a practical shipbuilder, his knowledge proving of great utility and value to him throughout his entire life. In 1863 he was master of the schooner "Indianola" and during the last two years of the war was in the employ of the government, building monitors and transports for service on the Mississippi river. He assisted in constructing transports that took General A. J. Smith's army from Eastport, Mississippi, to Mobile, Alabama, and accompanied various expeditions. Three of his brothers enlisted at the time of the Civil war, one in the navy and two in the army, and one was killed in battle at Pittsburg Landing. After Captain De Wolf returned to the lakes in the fall of 1865, he sailed the steamer "B. F. Wade" and in 1866, entered the employ of George U. Bissell, of Detroit, and soon was promoted to the command of the schooner "L. H. Cotton," which was destroyed by fire off the coast of Cleveland in 1868 as she was starting to Liverpool with a cargo of gasoline with Captain. De Wolf in command. He was then transferred to the bark "James F. Joy," also owned by George U. Bissell, and sailed that vessel for two seasons. During the winter of 1870-1, he superintended the construction of the steamer "W. L. Wetmore" for the firm, and when it was completed he took command and sailed her for fifteen years. In 1886 he was appointed inspector of hulls for the Cleveland district, an office which his previous experience eminently qualified him to fill. He was held in high esteem by all who knew him as a generous, good hearted, public-spirited man. He was an officer of great force of character, conscientious in the performance of every duty and in his treatment of those who served under him as well as in his relations to those whom he represented. In 1860 Captain De Wolf was married to Miss Minerva Putney, of Conneaut, Ohio, who died in 1901. On the 22d of July, 1903, Mr. De Wolf married Miss Elizabeth Schulz, a daughter of John and Augusta (Howe) Schulz, who came to Cleveland from Germany in 1874, the father being a prominent lumber merchant here. The death of Captain De Wolf occurred February 10, 1905, and he is survived by his widow and only daughter, Miss Helen De Wolf. His religious faith was manifest in his membership in the Christian church 352 - HISTORY OF CLEVELAND and also in his kindly spirit and upright life. He belonged to the Masonic fraternity, in which he attained the degrees of Royal Arch Masonry in Conneaut Chapter. He was also a member of the Mark Hanna Club and he gave his political allegiance to the republican party. His long experience in connection with the shipping interests of Cleveland, brought him a very wide acquaintance among the prominent merchants and business men of the city, and wherever known he was honored for his genuine worth. ORVILLE G. DEMING. Orville G. Deming is the secretary of the Deming Brothers Company, a dynamic force in the real-estate operations of Cleveland, their efforts constituting a most effective factor in the growth, progress and improvement of the city. With keen foresight into possibilities and marked prescience in recognizing what the future has in store for the city, they have not only labored for the present but have anticipated the city's growh and in making plans therefor have reaped success. He was born in County Essex, Canada, October 2, 1862. His grandfather was John Deming, and the ancestry can be traced back to 1641, when the first representative of the name came to America, settling in Wethersfield, Connecticut." His father, Hubert V. Deming, was a native of Watertown, New York, born July 3, 1830. In 1850 he removed to Canada, where for many years he followed merchandising. He had previously come to Cleveland in 1849 and for a year was a conductor on the Atlantic Railway between Cleveland and Pittsburg but on the expiration of that period went to the Dominion, where he was connected with lumbering and mercantile interests. Later he was employed by the customs department for about thirty years, continuing in that position up to the time of his death. He married Susan B. Wigle, a daughter of Windle and Hannah (Hearsine) Wigle, of Canada. Her birth occurred February 4, 1835, and on the 3d of April, 1879, she was called to her final rest. Orville G. Deming was educated in the Windsor (Ont.) public schools, and after putting aside his text-books he learned the wagon maker's trade and later took up the pattern maker's trade, continuing in those lines of business for twenty-one years. In July, 1883, he removed to Cleveland, believing that he would have better opportunities in the city, whose enterprise and rapid growth were becoming widely known. Here he followed his trade for five years and then turned his attention in other directions, becoming superintendent for Dobson, Crawford & Company. This he continued until 1903, when he joined his brothers, H. V., B. R., and C. C. Deming in forming the Deming Brothers Company for the purpose of engaging in the real-estate allotment property business. The firm is today known throughout the entire United States because of the extent, scope and importance of their operations in their chosen field of labor. Among the properties which they have handled are the William Phillips, the One Hundred and Fourteenth street and the Carlyon allotments which comprise eight streets. All are high-grade residence property involving the investment of over one hundred thousand dollars capital. All buildings are erected and finished as complete homes, and the construction work is of the most modern and attractive character. On this property they have erected the Carlyon terrace at a cost of fifty thousand dollars. It is one of the most modern apartment houses of the city, supplied with all conveniences and accessories, known in modern construction. The business of the firm is now extensive, and the Deming Brothers are not followers but are leaders in the development of properties and in their real-estate operations. On the 25th of December, 1890, Mr. Deming was married to Miss Elsie M. Mutch, a daughter of William and Margaret (Byers) Mutch, of Detroit, Michigan. Their children are Verna, a graduate of the Glenville high sch00l, and HISTORY OF CLEVELAND - 355 Dorothy, who has attended the Doan school. The daughters are at home with their parents at No. 175 Carlyon road. Boating is Mr. Deming's chief recreation. He is an enthusiastic yachtsman and also a motorist and in these way! finds relief from the onerous cares of the growing and extensive business. He belongs to the National Union, to the Knights of Pythias fraternity and to the Boulevard Presbyterian church, while his political faith is manifest in the stalwart support which he gives to the republican party at the polls. Watchful of opportunities and with keen insight into business conditions he has won success, the cooperation of the Deming Brothers making theirs one of the strongest real- estate firms of the country, while their efforts are of material benefit to the city of Cleveland as well as a source of individual revenue. EDWIN GRAY TILLOTSON. Edwin Gray Tillotson, a banker and a director of various important corporate interests of Cleveland, was born April 12, 1867, in Painesville, Ohio. He began his business life in October, 1882, as messenger for the banking house of E. B. Hale & Company. In 1886, he secured the position of messenger in the Euclid Avenue National Bank and occupied every clerical position in that institution until he rose to the cashiership in June, 1893. In April, 1895, he was elected secretary and treasurer of the Cleveland Trust Company, which had recently been organized, and remained as its chief executive officer until February, 1909. It was in that month that he was elected president of the Cuyahoga Telephone Company and chairman of the board of directors of the United States Telephone Company. Extending his efforts to other lines, in the fall of the same year he organized the banking house of The Tillotson & Wolcott Com pany, of which he became president, and on the 1st of February, 1910, he severed his connection with the telephone companies. On the 15th of the same month, he was elected vice president of the Guarantee Title & Trust Company of Cleveland, of which he is also a director, while his connection as director likewise extends to the Cleveland Trust Company, the Morison Realty Company, the Cuyahoga Telephone Company and the United States Telephone Company. Mr. Tillotson was married in May, 1895, to Miss Grace B. Felton, and he belongs to the Union, Country, Euclid and Hermit Clubs of Cleveland and the Midday Club of New York. He is likewise identified with the Cleveland Chamber of Commerce and earnestly advocates and supports the measures and movements which that organization advances for the city's benefit. HEMAN OVIATT, JR. Heman Oviatt, Jr., who became prominently known as a grain and commission merchant of Cleveland, operating as a member of the firm of Gardner, Burt & Oviatt, owners of the Union Elevator, came to this city from Richfield, Summit county, Ohio, in 1857. He was born in Hudson, Ohio, a son of Captain Heman Oviatt, who was one of the first settlers of Hudson, coming to this state by wagon at a very early period in the development of Ohio. He was a merchant and devoted a number of years to commercial pursuits and then purchased a quarter of an entire township, for which he paid one dollar per acre. Thereafter he was closely associated with the agricultural development of this part of the state. In the early days he engaged in trading with the Indians and throughout many years was a resident of Hudson and Richfield, Ohio. Always interested in public progress, he cooperated in various movements for the general good, including the founding of the Western Reserve College at Hudson. 356 - HISTORY OF CLEVELAND Heman Oviatt of this review pursued his early education in the public schools of Hudson and afterward attended the Western Reserve College. He was reared on the home farm and became an excellent judge of cattle, his ability in this direction prompting him later to engage m cattle dealing. He would get a herd together and would then drive them to Washington and New York city markets where he would sell his stock. He was known all over the country for his ability to guess the weight of a beef within a few pounds. He won success as a dealer in cattle, but wishing to turn his attention to other fields of labor he came to Cleveland and engaged in the commission business in connection with Mr. Holt. His partnership continued for a short time, after which Mr. Oviatt entered the firm of Gardner & Burt, his name being then added to the firm style. They owned and operated the large Union Elevator, buying and selling grain and conducting an extensive business of that character. Mr. Oviatt remained in that field of commercial activity until a few years prior to his death, when he retired. In the intervening years he had won a substantial measure of success so that his holdings were sufficient to enable him to put aside business cares and yet enjoy the comforts of life. He had for a long period been one of the foremost representatives of the grain trade and his labors were substantial factors in the commercial activity of this city. In 1850, in Richfield, Summit county, Ohio, Mr. Oviatt was married to Miss Susanna Sweet, a daughter of Colonel Richard Sweet, one of the early settlers of Richfield township. They became the parents of one child, Kittie, who married W. H. Barriss, She died in 1907, while on a trip around the world, leaving a daughter, Emma, now Mrs. Charles W. Mills. Mr. Oviatt was one of the early attendants of the Old Stone church and his life was ever actuated by high and honorable principles which would not only bear the closest investigation and scrutiny but which constituted an example well worthy of emulation. His political allegiance was given to the republican party and while he never sought nor desired public office as a reward for party fealty, he was always much interested in Cleveland and her welfare and never withheld his support or aid from any movement which he deemed of value to the community at large. He looked at life from the standpoint of a broad-minded man who utilized his opportunities not only for the benefit of himself but also for the city of his residence. WILLIAM HENRY BARRISS. William H. Barriss, president of the Martin-Barriss Company, and prominent in the business life of Cleveland for nearly a half century, was born in Richmond, Lake County, Ohio, on the loth of August, 1838. His youthful days were spent in the usual manner of lads who divide their time between business and the attainment of an education in the public schools. He began his business career as a clerk in a Painesville (0.), bank, and in 1859 came to Cleveland and for many years thereafter was closely associated with the financial interests of this city. He entered the banking house of E. B. Hale and in 1866 he was admitted to a partnership as a member of the firm of E. B. Hale & Company. He continued in that position until 1892, when it was incorporated as the Marine Bank Company. Upon the death of Mr. Hale Mr. Barriss was chosen to the presidency of the institution and held the position until a few years prior to his death. He made this one of the substantial banking enterprises of the city and his name was ever an honored one in financial circles. In addition to his banking interests he was also connected with the lumber trade for in 1883 he entered into a partnership with his half brother, Captain John T. Martin, and after the death of Captain Martin he became president of the company. During the last two years of his life he spent much of his time in travel abroad. He lived in Italy for several months and also traveled HISTORY OF CLEVELAND - 357 extensively in Switzerland, Germany and Spain. He had great appreciation for the attractions offered on the other side of the Atlantic, being especially interested in the people and modes of life differing from our own, and his mind was stored with many reminiscences of his trips. Mr. Barriss was united in marriage to Miss Kittie Oviatt and unto them was born a daughter, Emma, who is now Mrs. Charles W. Mills. The death of Mr. Barriss occurred in 1904 and Mrs. Barriss passed away in 1907. He was one of the earliest members of the Union Club and belonged also to the Rowfant Club and to the Chamber of Commerce. Much of his leisure he devoted to reading and he accumulated one of the finest libraries of Cleveland, with the contents of which he was most familiar. He was a man of broad and liberal culture, with whom association meant expansion and elevation. GEORGE C. GROLL. George C. Groll, superintendent and one of the stockholders of the Morgan Lithograph Company, was born in Cleveland, August 2, 1861, and is a son of J. C. and Margaret (Shubert) Groll. His father, a native of Bavaria, Germany, came to America at the age of eighteen years and accompanied some celebrated naturalist into Mexico, where he remained for two years. He then made his way northward and, settling in Cleveland, secured a position as traveling salesman, continuing his labors in that field up to the time of his death, which occurred about fifteen years ago. At the usual age George C. Groll entered the public schools, wherein he pursued his studies to the age of sixteen. He then went abroad and studied art in Paris and Holland for about two years, after which he came to Cleveland and entered into active association with the Morgan Lithograph Company, of which he is now the superintendent. He is also one of the stockholders and his ability along artistic lines, as well as his thorough understanding of the practical and mechanical interests of the business, well qualify him for the position which he is now filling. On the 25th of June, 1901, Mr. Groll was married to Miss Mabel Caroline Bell, a daughter of Milton A. and Adeline (Foster) Bell. They have a pleasant and hospitable home and a constantly growing circle of friends. Mr. Groll is a stalwart republican and is recognized as one of the local leaders of the party, but does not consent to become a candidate for office although he was solicited to accept the nomination for member of the city council and for police commissioner. Business duties, however, prevented him for he feels that all his time and attention are demanded in connection with his life work. He applies himself diligently to the tasks which confront him as superintendent of a large establishment and the success of the house is attributable in large measure to his efforts. Mr. Groll is a member of the Art Club and fraternally he is a Mason. Not so abnormally developed in any direction as to become a genius, he is nevertheless a man of well rounded character, in whose life the varied interests of club, manhood and practical citizenship find expression. FRANK W. PHILIPS. Frank W. Philips, of the Chisholm-Philips Company, automobiles, of Cleveland, is one of the active business men of the city and one whose success has been gained through individual effort. He was born in Bedford, Ohio, December 16, 1866, a son of the Rev. J. L. Philips, a Baptist minister, and Mary (Eletts) Philips. The grandfather on the paternal side was a native of Wales, and when 358 - HISTORY OF CLEVELAND he came to America located in New Jersey, later removing to Pittsburg, Pennsylvania, where his son J. L. Philips was born. The latter had charge of a number of churches in the central states. Frank W. Philips was educated in the Northern Illinois College at Fulton, Illinois, where his brother, Professor Philips taught Latin, Greek and German. After leaving college, Mr. Philips was a clerk in a drug store for six years, but in 1892 he became salesman for J. 0. Green, a retail carriage dealer. Still later he organized the Frank Philips Carriage Manufacturing Company and handled only the finest goods manufactured in America, which he sold to wealthy customers, building up a very valuable trade. He manufactured the first "speed wagon" ever built, and it is known the world over, having been shipped to England, France, Russia and other distant points throughout the civilized portions of the globe. In 1904, Mr. Philips, assisted in organizing the Chisholm-Philips Company, of which he is the active head and manager, and which owns and operates the most complete garage in Cleveland. The establishment represents an outlay of sixty thousand dollars, is four stories in heigh and has a capacity of one hundred and fifty automobiles. In addition to these large interests, Mr. Philips is vice president and director of the J. B. Judkins Company of Merrimac, Massachusetts. The latter concern manufacture limousine and automobile bodies. Mr. Philips is in charge of the marketing of the products of this concern. In all of his undertakings he has acted upon the principle that there is a market for the best and will only accept the highest grades of any class of goods he carries. In 1890 Mr. Philips was married to Jessie M. Davis, a daughter of W. R. Davis, a member of one of the old families of Cleveland. The family attend the Baptist church of East Cleveland. Mr. Philips is very fond of harness horse racing, although he enjoys automobiling, too, and has traveled considerably through the country in his machine. It has always been his policy to give every man a square deal and according to his ideas in this lies the secret of his success. No lasting advancement can be built up upon fraud and dishonesty. HOMER DE WITT COZAD. The student of history does not .carry his investigations far into this section of the state without learning of the close and honorable connection of the Cozad family with events that have left their impress upon the public life of the city. Homer De Witt Cozad was born August 31, 1880, and is a son of William Henry Cozad, who is of the sixth generation of the family in the United States. They were descendants of Jacques Cozad, who landed in New York in 1662, coming from Leyden, Holland, to which place he fled from France on account of religious disturbances. The line comes on down through Samuel, William and William H. Cozad to Homer De Witt Cozad of this reivew. The father was married on the 12th of August, 1879, to Miss Mary Barker, a daughter of John Barker, a native of Cleveland, and unto them were born three sons and a daughter : Homer De Witt, William Howard, Henry Clark and Alice Bell. The father formerly followed the occupation of farming, but is now living retired and makes his home in Madison, Ohio. Henry Clark Cozad, his youngest son, is living with him. The daughter, Alice Bell, is the wife of Lewis B. Alderman, a resident of Geneva, Ohio. She is a graduate of the Madison high school. William Howard. the second son, is a graduate of the Madison high school and is living with his brother Homer in this city, being employed by Bennett & Fish. Homer De Witt Cozad attended the Madison school at Madison, Ohio, and Fairmont school of Cleveland and in his youth was associated with his father in business enterprises. His first position was as clearance clerk for the Wade Park Banking Company, in which capacity he served for two years. He afterward became connected with the Garfield Savings Bank, in March, 1901, as receiv- HISTORY OF CLEVELAND - 361 ing teller and worked his way upward to his present position as cashier of their branch at One Hundred and Fifth street and Superior avenue, northeast. He was one of the original members of the American Institute of Bankmg and is chairman of its educational committee. On the 7th of June, 1905, Mr. Cozad was married to Miss Norma Ely, a daughter of Henry C. and Harriet (Van Epps) Gill. Her father, living in Madison at the age of seventy-two years, is still actively engaged in the harness business, having one of the most modern and complete shops in the state. His wife passed away in 1884, her remains being interred in the Madison cemetery. In the Gill family were the following named : Harriet, deceased ; William, who is in Klondike ; Addie, who is the wife of W. L. Cornelius, of Madison, Ohio ; Georgia, who has passed away ; Edith, the wife of W. A. Sunderland, also of Madison ; Clayton V., of Sterling, Colorado ; Mrs. Cozad ; Warren A., who is living in Sioux City, Iowa ; and Bessie, who is the wife of Leon Brotzman, of North Madison, Ohio. Mr. and Mrs. Cozad are members of the Central Congregational church of Madison. He gives his political allegiance to the republican party and is a mem ber of the Twenty-sixth Ward Republican Club. His pastimes are baseball and horseback riding, but with him business is always before pleasure, and in his leisure hours he finds his greatest enjoyment in his home. His entire record reflects credit upon an untarnished family name, and while yet a young man he has made for himself a notable place in the financial circles of this city. JOHN F. HARPER. John F. Harper, whose business activity and breadth of view concerning the financial questions has led to his classicfiation with Ohio's eminent financiers, has since 1898 been continuously connected with the banking interests of Cleveland. In 1904, he was called to the vice presidency of the Union National Bank, in which connection he has since figured. Advancement might well be termed the watchword of his life, for since taking his initial step in business in 1884, he has made steady progress, the simple weight of his character and ability carrying him into important relations. Mr. Harper was born in Orange township, Cuyahoga county, Ohio, October 10, 1858. The family is of Irish origin and was established in America by Hector Harper, father of John F. Harper, who was born in Ireland and came to the United States in 1836, settling in Cuyahoga county, where for many years he was well known as mason contractor. He died November 30, 1881. His wife, who bore the maiden name of Margaret Titterington, is also of Irish birth. John F. Harper pursued his education in the public schools and in Baldwin University at Berea, Ohio. He remained upon his father's farm until 1884; when thinking to find commercial pursuits more congenial, he turned his attention to the flour and grain business, in which he engaged for a short time. In 1885 he entered the banking business at Chagrin Falls, Ohio, in connection with the Chagrin Falls Banking Company, of which he was made secretary and treasurer. In 1898 he came to Cleveland, seeking the broader business opportunities of the larger city, and here organized the Colonial National Bank, of which he was chosen vice president. He continued to serve as its executive officer until the Colonial was consolidated with the Union National Bank in 1904, when he was elected to the vice presidency of the latter. He has been called to the presidency of the Continental Sugar Company and has various other financial interests, his sound judgment provmg a potent force in successful management. On the 18th of October, 1888, Mr. Harper was united in marriage to Miss Jessie Benton, a daughter of Gamalion H. and Emily (Bentley) Kent, of Bainbridge, Ohio. Mrs. Harper was born July 31, 1866, and on the 29th 362 - HISTORY OF CLEVELAND of June, 1909, she passed away, leaving three children, Winnifred, Laurence and Gordon. The family residence is at Chagrin Falls, where Mr. Harper has a handsome country home. Mr. Harper is connected with organized movements for the city's development and progress in many lines as a member of the Chamber of Commerce. He gives expression to his political views in his unfaltering endorsement of the republican party and his religious faith in his membership in the First Congregational church. He is also identified with the Union, Euclid and Middle Bass Clubs and a social, genial nature makes him popular in their membership. In all the multiplied activities of his fruitful life his energies, means and influence have always been thrown upon the side of justice and of progress. With laudable ambition to secure better opportunities than the farm afforded, in early manhood, he started out and the steps in his orderly progression are easily discernible. Not by devious paths has he reached his present position, but by close application and energy has he sought the success which has made him one of the leading financiers of the Forest city. Earning for himself an enviable reputation as a careful business man, his prompt and honorable methods have won him the deserved and unbounded confidence of his colleagues and associates. AUGUST F. LEOPOLD. August F. Leopold, president of the Henry Leopold Furniture Company, his previous experience and enterprising plans contributing much to the success of the undertaking, was born in this city in 1861 and is the eldest son of Henry Leopold, a pioneer furniture dealer of Cleveland, who was born in Germany and when seventeen years of age came to the United States. He made his way direct to Cleveland and having previously learned the cabinetmaker's trade in the fatherland, he here continued in the same line, remaining in the employ of others until 1859, when he established the present house, now operating under the name of the Henry Leopold Furniture Company. As the years passed on he became recognized as one of the foremost merchants of the city. He wedded Mary Gaertner of Cleveland, and unto them were born five sons and a daughter. He died in 1898, at the age of sixty-three years, after being in active business on the same corner for forty years. His wife still survives him. After the death of their father the four sons, August F., William G., Martin and John, incorporated the Henry Leopold Furniture Company, with a capital of one hundred thousand dollars, and made additions to the building, giving them one of the most modern and up-to-date furniture houses in the state of Ohio. It is equipped with an electric power plant, furnishing light and power for elevator service. The present officers are : August F. Leopold, president ; Martin Leopold, vice president ; and William G. Leopold, secretary. The firm celebrated the fiftieth anniversary of the business in April, 1909. August F. Leopold supplemented his public-school education by a course in the Ohio Business College, from which he was graduated, after which, in order to broaden his ideas concerning the furniture, trade, he went to Chicago, where he became identified with C. H. Hildreth, at that time owner of the most extensive furniture house in the city. He remained there for two years and in 1878 took charge of the furniture department of the extensive department store of Willoughby, Hill & Company. His time was thus occupied for two years, at the end of which time he returned to Cleveland to become actively interested in his father's business. The present company owes much of its success to his ideas and experience gathered from his Chicago business connections. He has ever been energetic and progressive, brooking no obstacles that can be overcome by determined and persistent purpose. Moreover, he has HISTORY OF CLEVELAND - 363 ever recognized the truth of the old adage that honesty is the best policy, and in all business relations the probity of his course has won him high regard and gained him a liberal patronage. Mr. Leopold was married to Miss Anna Voskamp, a native of Pittsburg, Pennsylvania, and they have three children : Wilbur H., a graduate of the West high school and now associated with his father ; George R., who is a junior in the West high school ; and Marie, a student in Trinity school, a private institution. Mr. Leopold belongs to the Chamber of Commerce and the Chamber of Industry and is a director in the latter. He is also a director of the Lorain Street Savings Bank, and his insight into the intricacies of trade and his understanding of public conditions well qualify him for activity in both fields—the activity which accomplishes results. He is, moreover, a member of the Lutheran church, and his influence is always on the side of progress and improvement, whether it be for the individual or for the community at large. REV. IGNATIUS JOSEPH WONDERLY. Rev. Ignatius Joseph Wonderly, the efficient pastor of St. Rose of Lima church, of Cleveland, Ohio, in which capacity he has rendered eminent services not only for the upbuilding of the spiritual and moral life of his congregation, but also that of the community in which he labors, was born in Berwick, Ohio, June 7, 1860, a son of Ignatius Wonderly, whose nativity occurred December 15, 1835, and who departed this life March 17, 1906. He was a farmer by occupation and one of the early settlers of Berwick. He was born on a farm and in the community m which he spent his life he became very prominent, having served in a number of local offices, among which were that of school director and road supervisor. The family is of Swiss origin, the grandfather of our subject, Anthony Wonderly, having been born in Switzerland in 1800. He came to the United States in 1830, during which year he settled in Perry county, Ohio, later removing to Seneca county, where during pioneer days he helped to convert the woodlands into farming property and there he remained diligently pursuing agriculture until 1848, when, upon hearing of others making fortunes in the gold regions of California, he repaired to that state, where he remained but a brief period when he returned to his farm and settled down to a life of farming, death terminating his activities in the year 1872. Catherine Weber, mother of him whose name heads this review, is still living. She was born August 2, 1835, in Triebs, Germany, a daughter of Mathias Weber, whose birth occurred in Luxemberg, Germany, about the year 1810 and whose death also occurred in the fatherland in the year 1845. To them were born the following children : John A., who is engaged in the grocery business at Fostoria, Ohio; Theodore S., who is in partnership with John A.; Joseph B., an agriculturist of Berwick, Ohio; Rev. Ignatius Joseph ; Sister Basillissa, born August 4, 1862, who departed this life November 22, 1889, in Cleveland; one daughter who is married and resides in California ; and two who are also married and are residents of Ohio. Rev. Ignatius Joseph Wonderly acquired his preliminary education in Berwick parochial and public schools, subsequently spending three years in a course of study at St. Francis Seminary, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, and two years and a half at St. Lawrence College, Calvary, Wisconsin, from which he was graduated in 1883. He completed his ministerial training at St. Mary's Seminary, Cleveland, and was ordained to the priesthood by Bishop Gilmour on December 21, 1889. He said his first mass December 22d of that year at St. Nicholas church, Berwick, Ohio, later becoming pastor of St. Mary's church, Vermilion, Ohio. At the same time he took charge of the congregation at Mission Huron, per- 364 - HISTORY OF CLEVELAND forming his clerical duties there for three years, at the expiration of which period he established a parish at North Baltimore, Ohio, which became known as St. Augustine church and there he efficiently acted in a clerical capacity for a period of three years. In 1895 Rev. Wonderly became affiliated with the Cleveland Apostolate, which was devoted to establishing missions for the ac- commodation of non-Catholics, and he preached in public hairs and wherever he could gain an audience, explaining the doctrines of the Catholic faith and answering questions pertaining to salvation. He remained in this work, in which he did a great amount of good, until June, 1899, when for a few months he took charge of the congregations at Shelby and Crestline, Ohio, subsequently on January 14, 1900, being appointed pastor of St. Rose of Lima church of this city. He was the founder of this parish, being the first to serve it in a clerical capacity, its present prosperous condition being due solely to his efforts inasmuch as he made the first move to establish the congregation and has since worked arduously for its betterment until at present it is one of the strongest parishes in the city. While still engaged in building up this parish, he assisted the Apostolic Fathers in mission work until the demand upon his own time and energies in his immediate church became so great that he was compelled to devote his undivided attention to his present church. Rev. Wonderly is a man of great energy and at the same time is recognized for his wide learning and ability as a preacher and an orator, being a speaker of force whose arguments have done much to impress the grandeur and worth of Christian doctrine upon the minds of the people of this community. His Christian zeal is unparalleled and in his efforts to establish his present parish no man deserves greater credit inasmuch as he came to this vicinity and, as it were, started on undeveloped ground, upon which he has since built up a thriving parish, comprising two hundred families. He has been enabled to erect an excellent church edifice together with a fine parsonage and also a brick school building comprising four rooms and accommodating one hundred and ninety-five pupils, who are instructed by four efficient teachers. However in 1908 the parish suffered a division and a new one has taken a portion of his communicants. Before the division, at the Easter celebration the services were attended by between five and six hundred communicants. The church property comprised two hundred feet on Detroit street and four hundred and nine feet on West One Hundred and Sixteenth street, being on one of the most valuable corners in the city and the church structure, which is of Roman architecture, is very attractive and has a seating capacity of four hundred and sixty including the gallery. The parish is in excellent financial condition, is provided with every convenience for educational purposes and also with well organized beneficial societies. There is also an excellent school library and the prosperity now enjoyed by the congregation is clue solely to the efforts of the Rev. Wonderly, who is beloved by all of the members of his congregation for his Christian zeal and enthusiasm and as well by the entire community for the part he has taken in enhancing its moral and spiritual welfare. WILLIAM W. HODGES. William W. Hodges, one of Cleveland's leading and prominent architects, has contributed in material measure to the adornment of the city by the erection of some of its finest residences and public buildings. His birth occurred in Troy, Geauga county, Ohio, on the 30th of June, 1867, his parents being Henry L. and Lucy (Campbell) Hodges, both of whom were natives of Watertown. New York. The Hodges are of English origin, and the first representatives of the family in this country settled in Vermont about 1812, while later a removal was made to the Empire state. The maternal grandfather of our subject was HISTORY OF CLEVELAND - 367 a veteran of the Mexican war. Henry L. Hodges, the father of William W. Hodges, enlisted for service in the Union army as a private of the Fourteenth New York Heavy Artillery, and, as his ability and bravery became recognized, he was gradually promoted until he held the rank of captain. In the year 1866 he took up his abode in the state of Ohio and successfully conducted business as a cigar manufacturer until 1873. He was a genial, quiet and unassuming gentleman, and the many excellent traits of his character won for him the regard and esteem of all with whom he came in contact. He passed away on the 26th of February, 1906, having for almost a quarter of a century survived his wife, who was called to her final rest in 1882. William W. Hodges obtained his education in the grammar and high schools of Hart, Michigan, and after putting aside his text-books spent several years in traveling all over the United States, following various occupations. He came to Cleveland in 1888 and soon afterward took up the study of architecture with such zeal and earnestness that he became proficient in that line of activity in a comparatively short time and in June, 1894, embarked in business as an architect in association with his brother, Fred F. The firm of Hodges & Hodges was dissolved in 'g00, and since that time William W. Hodges has conducted his interests alone. Among the many handsome structures which stand as monuments to his architectural skill and ability are the East Cleveland Baptist church, St. Francis parochial school, the Holy Name school and theater, St. Augustin's school and auditorium, the Roman Catholic church at Medina, Ohio, the Roman Catholic church known as Our Lady of the Rosary in this city, the Belmore apartments on Euclid avenue, the Alphia apartments, a beautiful residence in colonial style for William Greif and one on Detroit avenue for George D. Koch. On the 26th of June, 1895, Mr. Hodges was united in marriage to Miss Henrietta O'Mara, by whom he has two children : Lester H., born in 1896, and Edwin A., whose birth occurred in April, 1903. Fraternally Mr. Hodges is identified with the Knights of Columbus, while his religious faith is indicated by his membership in the Roman Catholic church. He also belongs to the Chamber of Commerce. Without special advantages at the outset of his career, he has gained a creditable position in his chosen field of endeavor and is, moreover, recognized as a valued resident of Cleveland. FRANK E. BROWN. Among the younger generation of business men of Cleveland, who have risen solely through their own efforts and have demonstrated their fitness and capability in positions of responsibility and importance, Frank E. Brown is well known. He is now private secretary to Daniel R. Hanna and L. C. Hanna. He was born in December, 1869, in this city, and is a son of Captain Frank H. Brown, who was a native of Ashtabula, Ohio, born in 1828. For many years the father sailed the Great Lakes as captain of a vessel and subsequently became the owner of several craft, but for more than ten years has been living retired. He was married in 1863 to Frances Seward, who was born in Cleveland in 1838. Their son, Frank E. Brown, enjoyed the educational advantages afforded by the public schools of Cleveland and after completing his studies, he decided on a business rather than a professional career. He was just out of school and yet in his teens when he entered the employ of the firm with which he has ever since been connected. He first worked in a menial capacity but therein displayed a willingness and close application that readily marked him as a superior young man. As his worth became apparent he was advanced from time to time to positions of greater responsibility. In whatever capacity he was found his duties received his close attention and best efforts, and he grew in experience and efficiency until finally his knowledge and ability 368 - HISTORY OF CLEVELAND merited him promotion to the responsible position he now fills. While he has hardly entered his period of acquisition, he is identified with a number of other commercial enterprises, including the Euclid Avenue Opera House Company, of which he is an officer and director. On September 26, 1898, Frank E. Brown was united in marriage to Alice Cremer, a native of Chicago, Illinois, and to this union have been born : Cremer and Margaret, twins, born November 3, 1900; and Leonard, whose birth occurred October to, 1907. Mr. Brown's enterprise and industry make him an excellent type of the city's high class business men and, most loyal and capable in all the business relations which he has sustained and, moreover, a man whose daily conduct is in accord with a high standard of citizenship, he not only merits recognition in commercial circles, but is also deserving of respect as a worthy and honorable resident of Cleveland. WALTER BALL LAFFER, M. D. Dr. Walter Ball Laffer, professor of nervous and mental diseases at the Cleveland College of Physicians & Surgeons and a neurologist of marked ability as manifest by his gratifying practice, was born in Lima, Ohio, October 14, 1871. His father, William L. Laffer, was a native of Sandyville, Ohio, and came to Cleveland in 1892, since which time he has been engaged in the brokerage business here. He is of English descent and wedded Lovenia Ball, of English and German lineage. Her father was Ephraim Ball, the inventor of the first two-wheel mowing machine and also of plows, reapers and other farm implements, giving to the world many valuable devices. Dr. Laffer spent his youthful days on a ranch in North Dakota and later entered upon preparation for the practice of medicine in the Western Reserve University, being graduated from the medical department with the M. D. degree in 1896. He afterward pursued a post-graduate course in that institution and put his theoretical knowledge to the practical test as house physician in Charity Hospital, while later he became house physician m the City Hospital, thus serving until 1898. He afterward entered the private practice of medicine but in 1903 went abroad for post-graduate work, pursuing his studies under eminent physicians of Berlin, Vienna, Paris and London. Since 1898 he has been engaged in private practice in Cleveland, giving special attention to general diagnosis and to nervous and mental diseases. He has most carefully prepared for this department of the medical science and has been called to the professorships of nervous and mental 'diseases in the Cleveland College of Physicians & Surgeons and the medical department of the Ohio Wesleyan University. He is likewise visiting neurologist to the Cleveland City Hospital, St. Alexis Hospital, St. Clair Hospital and Mount Sinai. He is also neurologist to the dispensary of the Cleveland College of Physicians & Surgeons, the St. Clair and Hospital Dispensaries. He has been a frequent contributor to medical journals and his articles, which indicate wide reading, have attracted considerable attention among the profession. He has written articles upon the subjects of : Acute Dilation of the Stomach and Arterio-Mesenteric Ileus, Recent Advances in Neurology, Blepharochalasis,_ the Diagnosis of Tumors of the Spinal Cord, Myatonia Congenita of Oppenheim and so forth. On the 25th of November, 1903, Dr. Laffer was married in Jackson, Minnesota, to Miss Mertice Gillespie,. a graduate of Carleton College, who is a daughter of William B. Gillespie, a leading hardware merchant of that city. They have a daughter, Alice G., born in 1905, and a son, William G., born in 1907. Dr. Laffer is a member of the Cleveland Chamber of Commerce and the Municipal Association, connections which indicate his interest in all that pertains to HISTORY OF CLEVELAND - 369 the city, its upbuilding and its progress. He is a member of the Phi Chi, a medical fraternity, and he belongs to the Cleveland Academy of Medicine, the Ohio State Medical Society, the American Medical Association and the Cleveland Medical Library Association. He is patient under adversity, holds to advanced ideals in his work and adheres closely to the highest standards of professional ethics. JOHN EDWARD MORLEY. John Edward Morley, attorney at law and a member of the legal firm of Kline, Tolles & Morley, was born at Saginaw, Michigan, January 13, 1873. His parents, George W. and Letitia ( Johnson) Morley, were both of New England descent and of old Western Reserve families. His grandfather, Albert Morley, was one of the old residents of Painesville, while his mother's family, the Johnsons, were early settlers of Geauga county. Mr. Morley received his collegiate education at Yale, graduating from Yale College in 1894. He then entered the Harvard Law School and upon graduation came at once to Cleveland and was admitted to practice at the Ohio bar in 1897. Upon coming to Cleveland he entered the office of Kline, Carr, Tolles & Goff and continued in association with that firm and later the firm of Kline, Tolles & Goff until, upon Mr. Goff's retirement, he became a partner in the present firm of Kline, Tolles & Morley. In May, 1903, Mr. Morley married Miss Nadine Coffinberry, a daughter of Henry D. and Harriet (Morgan) Coffrnberry, and two children have been born to them. Mr. Morley is a member of the Union, University and Row f ant Clubs. In politics he is a republican but has never held public office, having devoted himself entirely to the practice of his profession, which, with constantly increasing responsibilities, has demanded and received from him that assiduous effort and attention that has gained for him the high standing he holds at the Cleveland bar and the reputation of a careful, close and able lawyer. WILLIAM FREDERICK REES. William Frederick Rees, assistant treasurer of the Society for Savings at Cleveland, has been continuously identified with that institution since the year 1880, when he entered the employ of the bank in the capacity of bookkeeper. He is numbered among the worthy native sons of Cleveland, his birth having here occurred on the 22d of March, 1858. His father, John H. Rees, who was born in Pittsburg, Pennsylvania, came to Cleveland about 1846 and was for many years associated with the Merchants Dispatch of this city. He served throughout the entire period of hostilities between the north and the south, being under command of General Barnett as a member of Battery K, First Ohio Infantry. His demise occurred in Cleveland in 1884, when he had attained the age of fifty-nine years. His wife, who bore the maiden name of Elvira Warner, was a .daughter of W. J. Warner, a very prominent building contractor of this city, who erected the old postoffice. the Kennard Hotel and nearly all of the large buildings of his day. His sons are now prominent and prosperous residents of Cleveland, one of them, Theodore M. Warner, acting as accountant for the Society for Savings. Mrs. Elvira Rees was quite active in musical circles and for many years was a member of the Cleveland Vocal Society. She became organist at the Old Stone church when but thirteen years of age and later was organist at St. Paul's church for a number of years. She passed away in June, Two, when sixty-five years of age, and her demise was the occasion of deep and widespread regret. 370 - HISTORY OF CLEVELAND In his youthful days William Frederick Rees attended the public schools of this city and later became a student in Brooks Military Academy. When nineteen years of age he entered the law office of M. R. Keith, who was registrar of bankruptcy here and also acted as attorney for the Standard Oil Company. After a year spent in that connection he went to Colorado, where he was associated with Captain Wetzel, secretary of the Cattle Growers' Association of Colorado, who owned a ranch at Riverbend, ninety-five miles from Denver. At the end of a year he returned to Cleveland in 1880 and entered the service of the Society for Savings as bookkeeper. He has remained with the institution throughout the intervening twenty-nine years, working his way up through the intermediate positions to the office of assistant treasurer, the duties of which he assumed in June, 1908. He is likewise treasurer of the Las Cerras Copper Company of Santa Clara province, in Cuba, the treasurer of the Knollwood Cemetery Company, a director in the Glenwood Cemetery Company of Cincinnati, Ohio, and is also financially interested in various other enterprises. On the 7th of March, 1883, in Cleveland, Mr. Rees was united in marriage — to Miss Abbie Champney, a sister of W. P. Champney of the Eberhard Manufacturing Company. They have become the parents of two daughters, Mildred D. and Julia E. Since age conferred upon him the right of franchise, Mr. Rees has cast his ballot in support of the men and measures of the republican party, but has never sought nor desired public office, preferring to devote his undivided attention to his business affairs, in which he has met with enviable success. For about twenty-two years he was connected with the Cleveland Grays and held all the ranks from private to major. He was made captain in October, 1894, and on the formation of the battalion in 1906, was elected major, being the first to hold that office. A year later he resigned from active membership. He is an exemplary member of the Masonic fraternity and also belongs to the Loyal Legion, the Hermit Club and several others. His religious faith is indicated by his membership in St. Paul's Episcopal church. During the winter seasons, he resides in Cleveland, but the warm months are spent at his summer home, "Meadow Banks," in the village of Euclid. Such in brief is the life record of William F. Rees, who has spent practically his entire life in Cuyahoga county. No breath of suspicion has ever assailed his good name and on the contrary he stands as a splendid type of the honorable, reliable, successful man, the public- spirited citizen and the trustworthy friend. WILLIAM THOMAS BARGER, M. D. Dr. William Thomas Barger has for fourteen years engaged in practice in Cleveland. He was born near Urbana in Champaign county, Ohio, October 24, 1869. His father, Joseph M. Barger, was a native of the same county and devoted many years to merchandising but in •later years turned his attention to farming. He married Etna J. Speese, also a native of Champaign county. and they are residing at Degraff, Logan county, Ohio. Mrs. Barger's parents were both living to a recent date and celebrated their seventieth wedding anniversary, on which occasion representatives of five generations of the family were present. Her father still survives at nearly one hundred years of age. Dr. Barger was largely reared on the home farm and became familiar with all the duties and labors that fall to the lot of the agriculturist. His early mental training was received in the district schools, while later he attended the high school at Quincy, Ohio, from which he was graduated with the class of 1891. He then entered the Starling Medical College of Columbus, now affiliated with the Ohio State University, from which he was graduated in 1894, winning his degree at that time. Immediately afterward he entered upon the active duties HISTORY OF CLEVELAND - 373 of the profession, locating for practice at Hardin, Shelby county, Ohio, where he continued until the fall of 1895. He then removed to Cleveland and entered upon active practice in this city, at the same time pursuing the regular course of lectures at the Western Reserve Medical College, during his first year's residence here. He also did some dispensary work at the Lakeside Hospital Dispensary for about two years, but the duties of his private practice now make exclusive claim upon his time and energies. He is the family physician in many households and, moreover, is medical examiner for the Prudential Life Insurance Company and the North American Union. On the 12th of June, 1895, Dr. Barger was married at Hardin, Ohio, to Miss Loa Wilson, a daughter of Henry V. Wilson, of Shelby county, Ohio. They have two children : Mabley Wilson Barger, thirteen years of age, and Mildred, ten years of age. The family residence is at No. 8514 Wade Park avenue, and Dr. and Mrs. Barger are members of the Wade Park Methodist Episcopal church. His professional associations are with the Cleveland Academy of Medicine, the Ohio State Medical Society, the American Medical Association, the Ohio State Pediatric Society and the Cleveland Medical Library Association. He stands high in his profession, his rating being the result of the ability which he has displayed. He is very careful in the diagnosis of his cases, arrives at correct conclusions concerning the outcome of diseases and in matters of professional opinion his judgment is seldom at fault. NELSON B. SHERWIN. Nelson B, Sherwin is a man whose life is one continuous round of duty faithfully performed, of accomplishment of deeds worth recording and the giving of the best in himself for the good of others. Looking back over his well regulated, useful life, the retrospect must afford satisfaction to him and make him realize that he has made the world better for his presence in it. He was born May 21, 1832, in Weathersfield, Vermont, and attended school in West Randolph, that state, entering Williams College in 1853, and graduating therefrom in 1857. He then came to Cleveland and was graduated from the Ohio State Law School the year following. After being admitted to the bar, he formed a partnership with the late Hon. William Slade, which association continued until the latter was made consul to Nice by President Lincoln in 1862. Mr. Sherwin then continued in general practice until he was appointed assistant internal revenue assessor in 1863, continuing in that office until his election as a member of the fifty-eighth general assembly in 1867, from Cuyahoga county, in which capacity he served one term. He was appointed by President Grant, internal revenue assessor for the eighteenth congressional district, which at that time included Summit, Cuyahoga and Lake counties, and he was continued in office until its abolishment in 1874. Soon afterward he was appointed postmaster of Cleveland by President Grant and reappointed to the same office by President Hayes. At the close of his official career as postmaster, Mr. Sherwin entered the life and fire insurance business in 1884 and is still thus engaged with offices in the Garfield building. In 1860 Mr. Sherwin married Lizzie M. Kidder, of Weathersfield, Vermont, and they have two sons and three daughters, namely : John is mentioned elsewhere; George Nelson, a graduate of Central High School and Adelbert College, entered the banking business as teller of the old Park National Bank and at the organization of the First National Bank, was appointed assistant cashier and still holds that position ; Clara P., a graduate of Miss Mittleberger's private school and Alice, a graduate of the Central High School, are living at home; Maude K., a graduate from Miss Mittleberger's private school, married Ed- 374 - HISTORY OF CLEVELAND ward Bushnell, who is an attorney of Cleveland. Mr. and Mrs. Sherwin with their family are members of Cavalry church. Mr. Sherwin is a man of strong principles, upright and honorable, who has exalted the offices he has held and raised a standard of excellency in them that is difficult for his successors to maintain. At a time when many men have retired, he is still active, transacting a large amount of business and displaying extraordinary ability and demonstrating his firm grasp upon current affairs. It is such men as Mr. Sherwin who have made the Cleveland of today. REV. CHARLES JAMES MOSELEY. Rev. Charles James Moseley, born May 17, 1877, in Glenville, Ohio, studied in the public schools of Glenville and Collinwood, until he was twelve years of age, when he entered the Jesuit College of St. Ignatius, Cleveland, Ohio, from which he was graduated in June, 1895. In September of the same year he entered St. Mary's Theological Seminary to prepare himself for the priesthood. He was ordained by the Right Rev. Ignatius F. Horstmann, D. D., June 1, 1901, and on Trinity Sunday, in St. Joseph's church, Collinwood, where he had so often served as acolyte when a boy, Father Moseley celebrated his first solemn mass, assisted by the Right Rev. Monsignor Felix M. Boff, vicar general ; the Revs. John W. Bell and William H. Moseley. A month later the young priest received his first appointment to assist the pastor of the Immaculate Conception church, Youngstown, Ohio. He remained there until September of the next year, when he received the appointment he now holds as curate of the Immaculate Conception church, Cleveland, Ohio. REV. WILLIAM HARRISON MOSELEY. Rev. William Harrison Moseley, born September 13, 1871, in Cleveland, Ohio, received his preliminary education in the public schools of Glenville and Collinwood, after which he attended St. Ignatius College, Cleveland, from which he was graduated in June, 1899. He studied for the priesthood in St. Mary's Theological Seminary and was ordained by the Right Rev. Ignatius F: Horstmann, D. D., June 17, 1905. The following day he celebrated his first solemn mass in St. Joseph's church, Collinwood, assisted by his brother who had been ordained and had celebrated his first mass four years before, and by the Revs. John W. Bell and Thomas G. Ring. The Rt. Rev. Monsignor Boff for the second time, enhanced the ceremonies by his presence. Father Moseley was curate at St. Agnes' church on Euclid avenue, Cleveland, for one year and at St. Patrick's church for three years. On July 17, 1909, the Rt. Rev. John P. Farrelly, D. D., appointed him to the pastorate of Willoughby and missions, where he is located at present. The Revs. Charles J. and William H. Moseley are brothers, descended from an old and respected New England family. The grandfather, William Harrison Moseley, was born in Pittsfield, Massachusetts, in 1796. On account of his military bearing and his general knowledge of military affairs of the time, he was appointed major general of the state militia in January 24, 1835. General Moseley took part in the obsequies of Lafayette in Boston ; was an intimate friend in those days of Daniel Webster, Rufus Choate, Edward Everett and other distinguished men ; was cashier of the Hampshire Bank in Northhampton and later became postmaster. In 1850 the General went to Syracuse, New York, and commenced the publication of the Syracusean, a monthly magazine. Having been made librarian HISTORY OF CLEVELAND - 375 of the court of appeals of Onondaga county, he pubhshed in 1857, a catalog of the library, which to this day is a most valuable book of reference. The publication of the Syracusean was suspended in 1861 on account of the breaking out of the Civil war, but because of his efficiency as librarian, he held the position until his death, which occurred April 3, 1870. General Moseley was survived by a number of children, among whom was Charles James Moseley, Sr., the father of the two priests whose names introduce this review. He was born February 5, 1847, in New York city. His parents soon afterward took up their residence in Syracuse, where the young Charles, on completing his education in the public schools, went into the office of the Onondaga Salt Company. In October, 1868, he married Miss Johanna F. Burke and came to Cleveland in March of the next year and settled in what was then a little village, Glenville. Mr. Moseley became associated with prominent Clevelanders, such as A. W. Fairbanks, William H. Gaylord, William Edwards and others. He was connected with the Northern Ohio Fair Association, while he resided in Glenville. He entered the employ of the Lake Shore & Michigan Southern Railway, May 17, 1881; the next April he suffered the loss of his household effects by fire and himself narrowly escaped incineration. For the past thirty years Mr. Moseley, the father of two Catholic clergymen, has resided in Collinwood, Ohio, an influential and highly respected citizen. The mother of the Revs. Charles and William Moseley was Miss Johanna F. Burke, a daughter of Patrick and Margaret Burke, of Syracuse, New York. She was born December 8, 1847. Her father, Patrick Burke, a contractor and builder, was engaged in the construction of the stone work of the Erie canal in Onondaga county at the time of his death, which occurred suddenly. With but meager opportunity for early schooling, he nevertheless developed a remarkable natural mathematical talent, for which he was known throughout central New York. He was a native of County Tipperary, Ireland, and settled in the Central City (Syracuse), in the early '40s. His sudden death proved too great a shock to his wife Margaret, who died a year afterward, leaving a family of young children alone in the world. Johanna, the eldest of the girls, went to live in the family of Allen Monroe, a wealthy and retired gentleman. She was then only nine years of age and, though surrounded by luxury and pleasure, which are so often subversive to righteousness if one is susceptible, she never forgot the childhood lessons she learned at mother's knee. These religious influences which made her so strong in her Christian faith as a child, have helped here make her home and family what they are today. C. R. HILDEBRANDT. C. R. Hildebrandt, president of the Hildebrandt Provision Company, was born November 4, 1865, in the province of West Prussia, Germany. He was educated in the common schools of his native country and in 1883, when about eighteen years of age, decided to try his fortunes across the Atlantic. He came directly to Cleveland and secured his first position in the packing house of X. Armbruster, where his efficiency speedily gained him favor. Upon the death of Mr. Armbruster in 1887, Mr. Hildebrandt and his brother-in-law, August Habermann, purchased the business from the widow. Some years afterward, in 1893, he disposed of his interest to Mr. Habermann, and in the same year established his present business of a similar nature, the production of sausage and other provisions in the meat line. In September, 1906, it was organized as the Hildebrandt Provision Company, with an incorporated stock of sixty-five thousand dollars, the subject of the sketch holding the position of president and manager, while his brother, Julius H. Hildebrandt, is secretary and treasurer. The 376 - HISTORY OF CLEVELAND plant is exceedingly well equipped with the most modern machinery designed for turning out the products, such as dealt in by the Hildebrandt Provision Company. It possesses both electric and steam power and is conveniently housed in a modern brick building. It is open at all times to public inspection, which the management particularly invites. All the meats used by the company are first examined by government or city inspectors. The growth of the Hildebrandt Provision Company has been truly phenomenal for, while at its inception the force consisted of only Mr. Hildebrandt and two men, now sixty-five men are employed in the manufacturing department, with eight local salesmen and one upon the road. Mr. Hildebrandt was married in 1886 to Miss Katherina Foltz, a native of Germany, who came to the United States in 1884 and located in Cleveland. Their union has been blessed by five children : Hugo A., born March 3, 1888, was educated in St. Michael's parochial school and the Edmiston Business College. After finishing in these institutions, he began to assist his father and at present serves as his bookkeeper. Matilda, a graduate of St. Michael's parochial school, is at home. Katherina, a graduate of the same school and also of the Metropolitan Business College, is employed as her father's stenographer and assistant. Robert J., sixteen years of age, is a graduate of St. Michael's and is now pursuing a general course in St. Ignatius College. Francis P., has finished at St. Michael's and is a first year pupil in Lincoln high school. Mr. Hildebrandt is an enthusiastic Mason, holding membership in Concordia Lodge, No. 345; Hillman Chapter, No. 166; Cleveland Council, No. 36; Holy- rood Commandery, No. 32; Lake Erie Consistory, S. P. R. S. (thirty-second degree) and Al Koran Temple, A. A. 0. N. M. S. He is past master of Concordia Lodge. Among his numerous other affiliations are membership in Pearl Lodge, K. P.; Cleveland Lodge, B. P. 0. E.; and three German societies : the Cleveland Gesang Verein, the Turn Verein and the Heights Maennerchor. Mr. Hildebrandt and his family contribute materially to the support of St. Michael's church, in which they are communicants. It is evident that he is equally successful in the management of his business concerns and in his social and fraternal relations, the latter having a more substantial status on account of the high standing he possesses in the former. JOHN H. BELT, M. D. For forty-two years Dr. John H. Belt has engaged in the general practice of medicine and is now one of the oldest physicians of Cleveland in years of contmuous connection with the profession, having first opened his office here in 1871. The years have chronicled his constantly increasing success, as viewed from both the financial and professional standpoints, for at all times he has kept in touch with the progressive work and improved methods of the medical fraternity. His birth occurred in Clermont county, Ohio, August 22, 1843, his parents being Richard and Susanna (McNeal) Belt. The father was born in Baltimore and the mother in Clermont county, where her death occurred during the infancy of her son John. The father was a prominent farmer in Clermont county, but in 1892 also passed away. Dr. Belt was the second of his father's children, the others being William Belt, deceased; Dr. Richard C. Belt, of Milford, Ohio; Dr. Charles E. Belt, of Batavia, Ohio ; Matilda, the wife of T. L. H. Holman, of Saunemin, Illinois ; Drusilla, deceased; Luella, the wife of Dr. Whittaker, deceased ; and Adeline, of Batavia, Ohio. While a youth Dr. Belt went to live with an uncle m Cincinnati, where he attended the common schools until he was thirteen years old, at which time he entered the Williamsburg (Ohio) high school, from which he was graduated with the class of 1860. He was afterward employed in various ways until May, HISTORY OF CLEVELAND - 379 1864, when he enlisted in the Union Army, as a member of Company G, One Hundred and Fifty-third Ohio Volunteer Infantry, and served until the following October. This regiment was a member of the Ohio National Guard and was tendered to the government by Governor Tod for one hundred days' service, during which time the troops were on active duty. In 1865 Dr. Belt began preparation for the practice of medicine as a student in the Keokuk College of Physicians and Surgeons, the medical department of the Iowa State University. He pursued a course in Bellevue Hospital of New York in 1867 and, returning to this state, settled in Cincinnati, where he opened an office for general practice. He there remained until May, 1871, when he removed to Cleveland. Almost from the beginning a liberal patronage was accorded him, bringing him substantial success, and his ability has, moreover, been recognized by the profession who honor him for his close application to the highest standards of professional ethics. He served as a member of the United States Medical Examing Board for this district, under the administration of Grover Cleveland, and he belongs to the Cleveland Academy of Medicine, the Ohio State Medical Society and the American Medical Association. In the year in which he began practice in Cincinnati—on the 12th of June, 1867 -Dr. Belt was united in marriage to Miss Christiana D. Salt, of Williamsburg, Ohio, a daughter of L. D. Salt, a merchant of that place. Both he and his wife are now deceased. Dr. and Mrs. Belt had one child, Ada C., who is now living with her father. Mrs. Belt passed away May 6, 1909, and was laid to rest in Woodland cemetery. Forty-two years' experience has given Dr. Belt broad and comprehensive knowledge of the practical work of the profession, while constant reading and study have supplemented his understanding of the principles of the medical science. He has closely followed the progress that has been made by the profession, has investigated theories that have been advocated and has been quick to adopt any new agency which his judgment has sanctioned as of worth in ministering to the needs of the sick and suffering. EDWARD CREIGHTON McKAY. Edward Creighton McKay, now devoting his time exclusively to real estate, handling down town leases, warehouse property, railroad and water front manufacturing sites, in which connection he has secured a large clientele, was born in Cleveland, November 19, 1876. He is a son of Captain George A. and Margaret Adam (Creech) McKay. Following his graduation from the Central high school, he entered the employ of the Cleveland Chamber of Commerce under Ryerson Ritchie, secretary, and continued with the chamber for four years. He left that employ to go with Mr. Ritchie when the latter organized the American Trust Company, since merged with the Citizens Savings & Trust Company. When Mr. Ritchie left the bank, Mr. McKay became chief clerk of the local office of the Carnegie Steel Company and later held the same position with the United States Steel Corporation. He was in the office during the period that Andrew Carnegie acquired iron ore mines and vessels. About nine years ago Mr. McKay left the steel corporation to become secretary and treasurer of the Ohio Rubber Company and continued with them for three years, or until he sold out. He then became principal owner of the business conducted under the name of the Bodifield Belting Company, which he reorganized under the name of the Republic Belting Company, building up in three years a volume of business that approximated about nine hundred thousand dollars a year. In June, 1909, he disposed of his interest in that undertaking and is now giving his time exclusively to real estate, handling down town leases, warehouse property, railroad and water front manufacturing sites. He 380 - HISTORY OF CLEVELAND has already been connected with some of the most important realty transactions of the past year and his long connection with the business interests of the city have brought him wide knowledge concerning business property. On the l0th of June, 1905, Mr. McKay was married to Miss Louise Patten, of Plainfield, New Jersey, and they have one daughter, Margaret, two years of age. Mr. McKay was at one time a member of the old Gatling Gun Battery and Naval Reserves for four years. He belongs to the Cleveland Chamber of Commerce, the Union Club, the Euclid Club and the Loyal Legion and is popular in these organizations, whose membership embraces many of the most noted and distinguished residents of the city. He is making rapid and substantial advance in business life and already has proven his ability in handling interests of great importance. JOHN M. SPENCE. John M. Spence is a member of the firm of Spence Brothers, one of the most extensive contracting concerns in the state of Ohio. His birth occurred in Cleveland on the 19th of February, 1859, his parents being John and Isabella (Ormiston) Spence, who were natives of England and Scotland .respectively. The father crossed the Atlantic to the United States when a young man of eighteen years and in 1847 came to Cleveland, Ohio, becoming an active factor in the business circles of the city as a stone contractor. His shop was located where the opera house now stands and he had a yard near the Center street bridge. He won a highly gratifying measure of success in his undertakings and was widely recognized as one of the most prosperous and respected residents of the city, his loss being deeply deplored when he passed away in 1869. His wife, surviving him for more than a quarter of a century, was called to her final rest in 1896. She had made the voyage to this country in early life and after residing in New York for a time, came to Cleveland, where she gave her hand in marriage to John Spence. John M. Spence obtained his preliminary education in the public schools of this city and subsequently entered the National Normal University at Lebanon, Ohio, from which institution he was graduated with the class of 1881. He then followed the profession of teaching for about a year and afterward conducted a dairy business in association with his brother for a number of years. On selling out their dairy interests they entered into the contracting business under the firm style of Spence Brothers—a partnership that has been maintained with mutual pleasure and profit to the present time. They are among the most extensive dealers of crushed stone in the state of Ohio, owning and operating the Bruce trap-rock quarries and Bellevue limestone quarries. They handle about seventy thousand tons of stone annually, which is sent in over the railroad and also have three freight boats on the lake. They have built nearly all of the boulevards in the city, making a specialty of public work, and in addition to their extensive contracting interests also devote some attention to the real estate business. Mr. Spence of this review possesses untiring energy, is quick of perception, forms his plans readily and is determined in their execution, and his close application to business and his excellent management have brought to him the high degree of prosperity which is today his. On the 30th of August, 1882, Mr. Spence was joined in wedlock to Miss Mary N. Orr, of Chillicothe, Ohio, by whom he has four children, as follows : Wedden 0., who is associated with his father in business ; Mary Belle, who is now attending the Lake Erie Seminary ; Dorcas Marie, at home ; and Harry Morton, who is a student in the Euclid Heights school. The Spence family is one of the oldest on Euclid Heights, living on the same place that John Spence purchased when he first came to Cleveland. HISTORY OF CLEVELAND - 381 In his political views Mr. Spence is a stalwart republican and an active and prominent factor in the local ranks of the party. He acted as mayor of Euclid Heights for two years, served as a member of the state executive committee for one term and has been on the Euclid Heights school board for a period of fifteen years. Fraternally he is a thirty-second degree Mason and also belongs to the Mystic Shrine. In the city where he has resided throughout practically his entire life he is most widely and favorably known, the circle of his friends being almost co-extensive with the circle of his acquaintances. Throughout his business career, he has been watchful of indications pointing to success, has utilized his opportunities to the best advantage and has been notably prompt, energetic and reliable in the execution of contracts. REV. ANGELICUS RALPH IDONE. Rev. Angelicus Ralph Idone, pastor of St. Mariani's Catholic church of Cleveland, was born in Italy on the 22d of February, 1876, his parents being Joseph and Eleanor (Lafacke) Idone, the former a merchant of Italy. In preparation for his holy calling, the Rev. Idone attended St. Bonaventuris College of Allegany, New York, and also studied in Washington, D. C. On the 22d of December, 1901, he was ordained in College Chapel by Archibishop Quigley and celebrated his first mass on the following day in St. Andrew's church of New York city. For four years, he did missionary work, conducting missions in New York, Brooklyn, Staten Island, Long Island, Pittsburg, Buffalo, western Pennsylvania and Cleveland. It was on the 2d of October, 1905, that he was appointed pastor of St. Mariani's Catholic church of this city by Bishop Horstmann. He organized the parish, built a small frame church with a seating capacity of one hundred and fifty and devoted himself to his work with such consecrated zeal that his influence at once became recognized as a forceful factor in the advancement of Catholicism in this city. His parishioners number eighty families, and plans are already under way for the erection of a new house of worship in the near future. PETER GRABLER. The name of Peter Grabler is associated with a number of important business enterprises of Cleveland, he being a member of The Dickey-Grabler Company, manufacturers of steel stamps and stencil goods, and superintendent of the Cleveland Flushmeter Company, as well as the inventor of the flushmeter. He was born m Bavaria, Germany, September 10, 1862, a son of Michael and Anna Grabler, who brought him to this country when very small. Until he was fourteen years old, Mr. Grabler attended school at Meadville, Pennsylvania, and then began working as a machinist in the same place, thus continuing for several years. For nine years he traveled all over the United States, visiting the principal cities, where he worked at his trade and finally locating in Mansfield, Ohio, in 1893, where he started into business, manufacturing specialties of his own invention. This he continued until 1898, when he came to Cleveland and engaged in the same business until he sold out to what is now the Grabler Manufacturing Company. Later he joined A. H. Dickey and organized The Dickey-Grabler Company. This company manufactures stencils, steel letters and figures, steel stamps, brass signs, brass checks, badges, seals, book binders' dies, box printing dies, stamping dies, blanking dies, forming dies and similar specialties, and do punch press work. Mr. Grabler is the in- 382 - HISTORY OF CLEVELAND ventor of the Cleveland Flushmeter, which is used on the various closet appliances with remarkable results. The Cleveland Flushmeter Company manufacture this article, and Mr. Grabler is superintendent of the works as well. In all of his operations he has been remarkably successful, and he has other inventions on which patents are pending, for he is a born genius. On February 10, 1886, Mr. Grabler was married in St. Louis, to Miss Mary Berkley, and they have five children: Rose, Minnie and Bessie, who are at home; and Elderda and Marion, who are attending the public schools. The family residence is at No. 1517 East Eighty-first street. Mr. Grabler belongs to Biglow Lodge, No. 243, A. F. & A. M.; McKinley Chapter, R. A. M.; and the Ancient Order of United Workmen, while in politics he is independent. All of his life he has been interested in mechanics and has given his whole attention to the subject. Like many others, he is continually experimenting on his inventions, and looks forward to the time when he will have a number of them on the market, all as good as his flushmeter. HON. WILLIAM GREY ROSE. Hon. William Grey Rose is numbered among those who have been active in shaping the history of Cleveland and few men in public life have incurred so little enmity. Even those opposed to him politically entertained for him the warmest personal regard and admiration. It is said that he never forgot a friend—the playmates of his boyhood, the associates of his early manhood and those with whom he labored in legislative circles were remembered through all the years with their added responsibilities and honors. He was born in Mercer county, Pennsylvania, September 23, 1829. His parents were James and Martha (McKinley) Rose. The father, who was of English lineage, defended American interests in the war of 1812, while the maternal great-grandfather, David McKinley, who was also the great-granfather of President McKinley, was numbered among the heroes of the Revolutionary war. Spending his boyhood days under the parental roof William Grey Rose was provided with good educational privileges, attending successively the public schools, the Austinburg Grand River Institute and Beaver Academy. In the latter institution he was made instructor in Latin and mathematics and in 1853 he studied law with the Hon. William Stuart, of Mercer. Becoming interested in politics and desiring to use his influence to further the prmciples which he deemed of greatest value in good government, he bought out the Independent Democrat, which he made a freesoil paper, and through the labor which he did in that connection he turned the district into one strictly republican and so it has remained to the present time. Interested in every vital question, few, if any, were better informed upon the issues of the day or discussed with more clearness, fairness and force the questions which were agitating the public mind. In 1857 he was elected to the state legislature and in 1860 was appointed a delegate to the republican convention which nominated Abraham Lincoln for the presidency. When the differences of opinion between the north and south led to the inauguration of Civil war he volunteered for service and joined a Pennsylvania regiment at Mercer, Pennsylvania. With his command he went to Parkersburg, West Virginia, being there when Morgan was captured. At the close of the war Mr. Rose engaged in the oil business and later turned his attention to real estate, where his sound judgment and judicious investments won substantial success within two years. He then sought a home in St. Louis and afterward in Chicago, while eventually he located in Cleveland. He was elected its mayor in 1879 and during his administration introduced many restrictive regulative and constructive measures. He stood unequivocally for righteousness in public office and was a terror to city officials who conducted the city busi- HISTORY OF CLEVELAND - 387 ness for personal profit. His administration was productive of various needed reforms as well as progressive measures. At the close of his term of office Mr. Rose went to Europe, where he closely inspected the methods of economy in the government of cities there and later proceeded to put his knowledge into practical use. After his reelection to the mayoralty in 1891 he succeeded in materially reducing the cost of gas. He was a friend to the laboring classes and took an active part in settling a street railroad strike. He also liquidated the debt of a quarter of a million dollars on the viaduct, increased the sinking fund for the city and spent more than a quarter of a million dollars for street paving, one-half of the sum being met by the property owners and one-half by the city. His work was at all times of a most practical character and his public-spirited citizenship and devotion to the general good were manifest in the most practical way. In 1858 Mr. Rose was united in marriage to Miss Martha E. Parmelee, a daughter of Theodore Hudson and Harriet (Holcomb) Parmelee, of Tallmadge, Summit county, Ohio. They had four children : Evelyn, Hudson, Frederick and William Kent. The death of Mr. Rose occurred in Cleveland; September 15, 1899, and a life of much usefulness was thus ended. His life record finds embodiment in the words of Pope: Statesman, yet friend to truth ; of soul sincere, In action faithful and in honor clear ; Who broke no promise, served no private end, Who gained no title and who lost no friend. MRS. W. G. ROSE. In no age has the world been so largely indebted to womankind as at the present time. Thoroughly aroused to the needs which have been brought about through modern conditions and recognizing also the value of organized effort, women are today meeting and forming societies which are doing a .most splendid and effective work toward ameliorating hard conditions of life. Mrs. Rose occupies a prominent place among those who are giving much time to charitable and philanthropic work, her labors in this direction being far-reaching and beneficial. She is also equally well known as a leader in cultured society circles where opportunity is had for intellectual and esthetic advancement. She was born in Norton, Ohio, March 5, 1834, of the marriage of Theodore Hudson Parmelee and Harriet Holcomb. She is a granddaughter of Captain Theodore Parmelee, of Litchfield, Connecticut, whose long continued and patriotic service in the Revolutionary war was rewarded by a grant of land. In 1811 Theodore H. Parmelee removed from New England to Ohio with his uncle, David Hudson, who founded the Western Reserve College, of Hudson, Ohio, now Adelbert College of Cleveland. Following his death his widow removed to Oberlin, taking up her abode there in 1847 and in the excellent schools of that city the daughter received her collegiate training, winning her diploma in 1855. Following her graduation she engaged in teaching music in the seminary at Mercer, Pennsylvania, and it was there that she became acquainted with W. G. Rose, who sought her hand in marriage. They were married in 1855 and in Cleveland they reared their family of four children. Mrs. Rose is very widely known here in charitable and philanthropic circles. Prompted by no sense of duty but by the higher motive of a sincere interest in and love for her fellowmen and by recognition of the brotherhood of the race, she has done much effective work for the benefit of others. She has been particularly interested in the working women of the city and has devised and put into operation many plans for the relief and improvement of their condition. 388 - HISTORY OF CLEVELAND She founded the Women's Employment Society, which gave work to needy women who could sew, put the garments in stores in exchange for more goods and had private sales. She also obtained government work from the Indian affairs department at Washington, receiving eight hundred dollars for furnishing shirts and trousers for that department. In 1881 Mrs. Rose was made president of the Cleveland Sorosis, which in three years—the term of her office— increased its membership to two hundred and sixty-nine, thirty-one of whom went in a private car to the general federation of women's clubs held in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. She founded the Health Protective Association in 1898, after an address made by Colonel George Wing, junior street commissioner of New York. They took his children's pledge and petitioned the city to put in waste paper boxes, which are to be seen at present. Mrs. Rose attended the general federation of women's clubs at Los Angeles, California, as a delegate from Chautauqua, New York. She there met Mrs. Herman Hall, whom she invited to come to Cleveland and aid in forming a civics club. She was made the chairman of playgrounds and through her instrumentality three were located, the first in Cleveland Heights. Once a year the children visited the fresh air camp, Bostwick animal show or Euclid beach. Forty-five children were enrolled at that playground. For three years these children met in Mrs. Rose's rooms to make raffia work, burnt wood and garments. Mrs. Rose wrote up the trade schools of France, under the name of Charles. C. Lee, for the daily papers and in that way aided and established the manual training schools of Cleveland, a valued department of high-school work. In many ways she has created public sympathy and interest in movements that have been most valuable in promoting benevolent work. She became a charter member of the Daughters of the American Revolution in Cleveland, also treasurer of the National Health Protective League and president of the Cleveland Health Protective Association. Wherever she sees the need of assistance it is her earnest desire to aid and her kindnesses are numbered by the thousand. Many of these have been of a most quiet character, known only to herself and the recipient, for she seeks or desires no-public praise for her work. Mrs. Rose is the mother of four children, who are married and doing well in business. One son was graduated from the Boston School of Technology and another from Harvard in the classical department, and one was four years at Cornell University with his sister, who there graduated in 1880. He is now one of the trustees. Mrs. Rose is the author of three books : one is Travels in Europe and Northern Africa; another, An Album; and a third, Reminiscences or Character Building. She has given rooms for a mission for a purity league and for a boys' club. She is a lady of remarkable executive skill and business ability with a faculty for organization, and her foresight and tact have enabled her to do most excellent service in philanthropic lines and to awaken the cooperation of other women in this field of labor throughout the middle west. STEPHEN L. PIERCE. Stephen L. Pierce, the proprietor of the firm of S. L. Pierce & Company of Cleveland, has been successfully engaged in business as a shoe manufacturer of this city since 1885. His birth occurred in Birmingham, Ohio, on the 4th of November, 1852, his parents being Bennett and Nancy M. (Clarey) Pierce, the former a native of Connecticut and the latter of New York. In early life the father accompanied his parents on their removal to Wakeman, Ohio, the family being among the early settlers of the Western Reserve. The overland journey from Connecticut to this state was made by ox team. Bennett Pierce obtained his education at Milan, Ohio, where was situated one of the best schools in this part of the country at that time. Throughout his active busi- HISTORY OF CLEVELAND - 389 ness career, he was engaged in business as a merchant and met with a well merited degree of prosperity in his undertakings. His demise occurred in the year 1861. His wife, who lost her parents when very young, was brought to this state by one of her brothers. She likewise received her schooling at Milan, Ohio, where she subsequently gave her hand in marriage to Bennett Pierce. She was called to her final rest in December, 1874. Following the death of his father Stephen L. Pierce, who was then but a lad of nine years, accompanied his mother and the other children of the family to Oberlin, Ohio, where he obtained his education. After leaving school he came to Cleveland in 1872 and here secured a position with the wholesale firm known as the Childs-Groff Shoe Company, in the employ of which concern he was retained until 1885. In that year he started out on his own account as a manufacturer of shoes and for three years conducted business as a member of the firm of Allen & Pierce. On the expiration of that period he purchased his partner's interest and the concern has since been known as S. L. Pierce & Company. It is practically the only enterprise of its kind in the city of Cleveland and the plant is one of the best equipped in the country, being a five-story building especially designed and erected as a shoe manufacturing establishment. Though he began business on a small scale Mr. Pierce has since developed an enterprise of extensive proportions, shipping goods throughout the entire United States. The output of the factory includes ladies', misses', children's and infants' shoes as well as footwear for boys and youths. Mr. Pierce is also a director in the First National Bank, the Guardian Savings & Trust Company and the Clifton Park Land & Improvement Company and is widely recognized as one of the prominent, successful and enterprising business men of Cleveland. In 1882 Mr. Pierce was united in marriage to Miss Kittie H. Hawkins, a native of Ohio. He is a member of the Chamber of Commerce and also belongs to the Union, Roadside, Clifton, Euclid and Lakewood Yacht Clubs. In the Clifton Club he is serving as president. His political views are in accord with the principles of the republican party and he loyally supports its men and measures. His genial disposition and cordial spirit render him popular, while his forceful character and undaunted enterprise have gained him a position of distinction in manufacturing circles. ALVIN F. CLARK. Alvin F. Clark, the genial and progressive representative of the O. M. Stafford & Goss Company, a general insurance firm with offices at 5504 Woodland avenue, has served in this capacity for the past seventeen years. He was born in Wayne county, Ohio, May 6, 1849, and is the son of Alexander and Ada- line Clark. His father, who was a native of Carlisle, Pennsylvania, was a tinsmith, but upon removing to Wayne county, Ohio, embarked in mercantile business. His death occurred in 1901. Alvin F. Clark left school at the age of fourteen. Although a mere lad at the beginning of the Civil war, he managed to enlist in 1864 in Company 1) of the One Hundred and Sixty-ninth Volunteer Infantry and served for the space of a year. Upon his return to Wayne county he worked as a clerk in a grocery store until 1869, when he came to Cleveland and accepted a position with R. F. Danford, a dealer in oil and lamps, which he held for two years. After clerking for some time in the grocery store of E. F. Stafford, he and a Mr. Rose started in business for themselves under the firm name of Rose & Clark. In 1877 Mr. Clark sold out and opened a grocery of which he was sole proprietor. This store, which was situated on Woodland avenue, he operated for three years and then sold in order to start a similar concern at the corner of Case and Woodland avenue. In 1878, he secured a position as traveling salesman for the J. 390 - HISTORY OF CLEVELAND M. Stewart Grocery Supply Company and remained with them for three years, when he made a radical change, becoming superintendent of the Roberts Manufacturing Company. Having held this post for ten years, he enjoyed a short retirement, but the attractions of active life prevailed and in 1892 he accepted the position of manager of O. M. Stafford & Goss Company's branch office at 5504 Woodland avenue, where he has enjoyed much success. Mr. Clark was married in March, 1868, to Miss Amanda Goudy, their wedding being celebrated in Wayne county, Ohio. They have two daughters : Mrs. Cora E. Andrews, a widow ; and Mrs. Ida R. Hoover, of Jackson, Ohio. Mr. and Mrs. Clark make their home at 2191 East Eighty-fifth street. Mr. Clark's political convictions incline him to the republican party. He is a member of the Grand Army of the Republic and attends the Christian Science church. He enjoys the confidence and esteem of all those with whom he comes in contact, both in his social and business relations. FRANK HRUBECKY. Among Cleveland's residents who are now living retired, their present commendable financial position being the direct result of former activity and enterprise along business lmes, is numbered Frank Hrubecky, living at 7916 Central avenue. He is a retired grocer who for many years successfully conducted a store. He was born in Bohemia, June 29, 1853, his parents being John and Catherine (Bouse) Hrubecky, both of whom were also natives of Bohemia and are now deceased. Their children were Mary, the widow of M. Zak, of Kekle, Bohemia ; Jacob, deceased ; Constantine, the wife of John Zamicnik, of Cleveland ; John, of this city ; Anna, the widow of M. Fashenbaur, of Cleveland ; and Frank. The last named spent his boyhood and youth in his native land, pursumg his education in the public schools there, and at the age of sixteen years came to America, arriving in this country in 187o. He has since been a resident of Cleveland. He did general work until 1872, when he secured a clerkship in the store of Joseph Stafford & Company, with whom he remained until they went out of business. He afterward engaged in clerking for the firm of Rhodes & Clark and later worked for the Kretze Company in the same line of business. In the meantime his efforts were actuated by the laudable ambition to some day engage in business on his own account, and the year 1880 witnessed the fulfillment of his hopes in his establishment of a store on Central avenue. There he conducted a grocery business for twelve years, after which he removed to Seventy-ninth street and Central avenue, in property which he still owns. There he conducted business until about six years ago, when failing health caused him to retire. Mr. Hrubecky also owns property where he resides with his wife, whom he wedded on the 7th of April, 1875. She bore the maiden name of Barbara Zikes, and was born in Bohemia. Her parents were Mr. and Mrs. Joseph Zikes, of Cista, Bohemia. Her brothers and sisters are : John Zikes, of Cleveland ; Julia, the wife of Joseph Cermak, of Cleveland ; Emma, the wife of Christopher Smith, of Orrville, Ohio ; Theodore and James, both deceased ; Anna, the wife of Evan W. Jones, of Cleveland ; Bertha, the wife of Joseph Ptak, of this city ; Theodore, of Cleveland ; and Charlie, deceased. Mr. and Mrs. Hrubecky are prominently known among the Bohemian residents of this city. He holds membership with the Knights of Pythias and the C. S. P. S., a Bohemian benevolent association. He was secretary of the supreme lodge of that order and was secretary and president of the grand lodge for three years, while on several occasions he was a delegate to its conventions. He is also a member of the Council of Higher Education, and is prominent in the various organizations with which he is connected. He was the first president, as well as one of the founders of the Lodge Sokal, of Cleveland, an organization like the Turners. For thirty-eight years he has also HISTORY OF CLEVELAND - 393 been a member of the Lumir Society, a Bohemian singing society, and at the present time he is actively engaged in organizing the Bohemian Old Settlers Association, of which he is secretary. In politics he is a consistent and unfaltering republican, having supported the party since he cast his first vote for Rutherford B. Hayes who was then candidate for governor of Ohio. Mrs. Hrubecky has been president of the grand lodge and has always held some office in the Benevolent Organization of Bohemian Women, which is spread over twenty-one different states, and is now a member of the grand lodge. She also belongs to the Sisterhood of Bohemian Women, a benevolent association; to the Society of Vlasta, a benevolent organization ; and the Turners, a gymnastic association of which she was one of the founders and the first president. The hope that led Mr. Hrubecky to leave his native country and come to the United States has been more than realized, for he has found in this land good business opportunities which have enabled him to work his way upward. The years chronicled for him a success that is substantial and gratifying and the fruits of his former toil are substantial and now supply him with all of the comforts and many of the luxuries of life. WARD B. JACKSON. Ward B. Jackson is the secretary of the Whitmer-Jackson Sash & Door Company of Cleveland, which was organized on the 1st of April, 1909. His birth occurred in Goshen, Indiana, on the 19th of March, 1874, his parents being Dr, A. C. and Sarah Jackson. He pursued his education in the grammar and high schools until eighteen years of age and then secured a position as salesman with the Goshen Sash & Door Company of Goshen, Indiana, being thus identified with the concern for six years. On the expiration of that period, in 1896, Mr. Jackson came to Cleveland and entered the service of the Van Cleve Glass Company as a salesman. In 1900 that concern was succeeded by the Diamond Glass Company and Mr. Jackson was elected vice president of the new firm, acting in that capacity until the 1st of April, 1909. On that date he organized the Whitmer-Jackson Sash & Door Company and was made its secretary, the other officers being as follows : S. H. Whitmer, president ; T. E. Whitmer, vice president ; and I. 0. Wood, treasurer. They are manufacturers of doors, sash, interior finish, veneered doors, window, plate and art glass, and the factory is located at No. 1014 West Eleventh street. Fifteen men are employed in the conduct of the business, which is constantly growing along substantial lines under the capable direction and control of its officers. Mr. Jackson exercises his right of franchise in support of the men and measures of the democracy, while in religious faith he is an Episcopalian. He is a well known and popular member of the Hermit Club and the Cleveland Athletic Club, and makes his home at No. 1956 East Eighty-third street. He is a man of many friends here and has made for himself a creditable place in industrial circles, his capability and business efficiency winning him both recognition and prosperity. M. J. HOYNES. M. J. Hoynes, the proprietor of the Central Electrotype Foundry at No. 113 St. Clair avenue, was born at Olmsted, Ohio, on the 5th of April, 1860, his parents being Daniel and Catharine Hoynes. Entering the public schools at the usual age, he continued his studies until he was fifteen years old and then came to Cleveland and entered the employ of the Cleveland Herald as an apprentice in 394 - HISTORY OF CLEVELAND the electrotype department, thus serving for four years. On the expiration of that period he went to Rochester, New York, and secured a position as journeyman in the electrotype foundry of James Lennox, while later he was made foreman, acting in that capacity for three years. He next made his way to Akron, Ohio, where he embarked in business on his own account as the proprietor of the Akron Electrotype Foundry but sold out at the end of a year. He then removed to Cincinnati, Ohio, where he worked in the Franklin Electrotype Foundry for a year, while afterward he spent a similar period with the Western Electrotype Company at St. Louis, Missouri. Returning to Akron, Ohio, he there organized the Akron Electrotype Company, which he successfully conducted for four years, at the end of which time he sold out to the Werner Company and took charge of their plate making department. In 1903 he severed his connection with the Werner Company and came to Cleveland, entering into partnership with Charles Warren of the Cleveland Electrotype Foundry Company. After two and a half years he sold his interest in the business and organized the Central Electrotype Foundry for the manufacture of electrotype and stereotype plates. He furnishes employment to a force of twenty men, and is a man of marked mechanical ingenuity and skill, whose practical understanding of the business is one of the strong elements in its success. On the 29th of April, 1890, in Akron, Ohio, Mr. Hoynes was united in marriage to Miss Florence Brownell and they have become the parents of five children, as follows : Florence E., seventeen years of age, who attends the Ursuline convent ; Daniel O., who is fifteen years old and a student in St. Ignatius college ; Mary, who is thirteen years of age and likewise attends the Ursuline convent; Paul, a lad of eleven, who is pursuing his education at St. Edward's school; and Dennis, who is nine years of age and also attends St. Edward's school. The family residence is at No. 2633 East Sixty-first street. Mr. Hoynes gives his political allegiance to the democratic party, while fraternally he is identified with Gilmour Council of the Knight of Columbus, being a charter member thereof. He is a faithful communicant of the Catholic church and also belongs to the Catholic Mutual Benefit Association and the Cleveland Advertising Club. His entire business career has been marked by steady advancement and he has maintained an unassailable reputation for business integrity as well as enterprise. THOMAS COUGHLIN. Thomas Coughlin, of the firm of Coughlin & Laurenson, has long been an influence in insurance circles in the city of Cleveland. He was born in this city, June 21, 1876. His parents were both natives of Ireland and came to this country in the late '3os. For over forty years his father, John Coughlin, was connected with the steel interests of this city, starting with the old Cleveland Rolling Mill Company. He is now retired. Thomas Coughlin pursued his education in the parochial schools of Cleveland until fifteen years of age, after which he entered St. Mary's College at Dayton, Ohio, from which he graduated on the list day of June, 1893, the seventeenth anniversary of his birth. He then entered the field of general insurance and from February 1, 1900, to February 11, 1907, acted as manager for northern Ohio of the American Bonding Company of Baltimore, one of the largest surety companies in the country. On February 11, 1907, Mr. Coughlin was appointed city auditor of Cleveland and on November 3 of the same year he was elected to succeed himself for a period of two years. On January 1, 191o, he left the public service to reengage in the insurance business, becoming senior member of the firm of Coughlin & Laurenson. The firm in addition to acting as general agents of the American Bonding Company are HISTORY OF CLEVELAND - 395 district managers of The Standard Accident Insurance Company of Detroit, writing all classes of liability, including automobile and personal accident insurance. They also write a large fire insurance business, representing several old line companies. Their agency is one of the largest in the city, its growth being largely due to the popularity and energy of Mr. Coughlin. Mr. Coughlin is perhaps even more widely known in connection with his political service. In 1898, when twenty-one years of age, he was nominated and elected to the city council, serving in what was then known as the seventh district. In November, 1901, he was elected to the general assembly. He was very active in both bodies and was interested in the framing of much important legislation. On June 21, 1899, Mr. Coughlin was married to Miss Mary Agnew and three children have been born of this union : Mary, Thomas, Jr., and Paul. Mr. Coughlin is a member of the Knights of Columbus, the Chamber of Commerce and Builders Exchange. He is one of the trustees of the sinking fund of the city of Cleveland, secretary of the democratic county executive committee and director of several companies. Mr. Coughlin has always displayed a keen interest in the public affairs and his influence is always on the side of progress and improvement. CHARLES C. HOMAN. Charles C. Homan, the advertising manager of the Standard Welding Company of Cleveland, was born in Williamsport, Pennsylvania, on the 31st of January, 1884, his parents being Henry and Emma Homan. His youthful years were spent in the acquirement of an education and when a young man of nineteen he left the high school to become a factor in the retail grocery business with his uncle, being thus engaged for two years. He was afterward identified for two years with the firm of Bush & Bull, dealers in men's furnishings, having charge of a department. Subsequently he came to Cleveland and entered the service of the Standard Welding Company as advertising manager and assistant sales manager and in these capacities has ably represented the concern to the present time, his sound judgment and good business ability being daily manifest. On the 24th of December, 1907, m Williamsport, Pennsylvania, Mr. Homan was united in marriage to Miss Lucy Wise. They make their home in a pleasant and attractive residence at No. 11819 Clifton boulevard. Since age conferred upon him the right of franchise, Mr. Homan has given his poiltical allegiance to the men and measures of the republican party, while his religious faith is indicated by his membership in the English Lutheran church. He also belongs to the Cleveland Advertising Club and is a popular young man, having won the kindly regard and friendship of all with whom he has been associated. WILLIAM A. REHBURG. William A. Rehburg is a prominent and successful representative of business interests in Cleveland, being the president of the Rehburg-Busch Company, hardware dealers, and also a partner in the Shill & Rehburg Manufacturing Company, a firm engaged in the manufacture of gas furnaces. His birth occurred in Hanover, Germany, on the 30th of May. 1870, his parents being Carl and Sophia Rehburg. He attended the public schools of his native land until 396 - HISTORY OF CLEVELAND fourteen years of age and then served as coachman for the German army officers for a period of four years. In 1889 Mr Rehburg set sail for the new world, and after landing on American shores made his way at once to Cleveland, Ohio, where for five years he was employed as a clerk in the retail hardware store of his uncle. He then embarked in the coal business on his own account but at the end of a year opened a retail hardware store at No. 4159 Pearl Road. Later he extended the scope of his interests by adding a furniture department and at the present time also conducts undertaking parlors. In 1905 a stock company was formed, known as the Rehburg-Busch Company, of which Mr. Rehburg was elected president and G. H. Busch secretary and treasurer. Mr. Rehburg is also a partner in the Shill & Rehburg Manufacturing Company, which was organized in September, 1908. They manufacture a general line of gas furnaces and have already built up an extensive and profitable trade in this connection. Mr. Rehburg has made excellent use of his opportunities, prospering from year to year, and has conducted all business matters carefully and successfully, displaying an aptitude for successful management in all of his acts. On the 19th of July, 1892, in Cleveland, Mr. Rehburg was united in marriage to Miss Clara Lingler. They have become the parents of four children, as follows: Edna, who is now sixteen years of age ; Ervin, who is six years old; Robert, who is in his third year ; and Homer, one year of age. The family residence is at No. 3310 Broadview road. In his political views Mr. Rehburg is independent, while his religious faith is indicated by his membership in the German Lutheran church. He also belongs to the Knights of Pythias, the Independent Order of Odd Fellows and the German Beneficial Association. Coming to the United States in early manhood, he has made his own way in life, without the assistance of wealth or influential friends, and what he has accomplished is due to his force of character, laudable ambition and strong purpose that cannot be diverted from the honorable business path that he has marked out. MORRISON H. CASTLE, M. D. Dr. Morrison H. Castle, whose skill as a physician has gained him distinction among his professional brethren in Cleveland, has his office at No. 532 Rose building, and his residence at No. 6013 Scovill avenue. He was born September 7, 1878, in Ashtabula, Ohio, a son of Henry B. and Christie (Morrison) Castle. The father was born in Sheffield, Ashtabula county, in 1825, while the mother was born in Scotland in 1835. They were married in Ashtabula in 1859. Mr. Castle was a builder and contractor and constructed the Ashtabula, Jamestown & Franklin division of the Lake Shore Railroad and had other important contracts. Durmg the Civil war, he had charge of the construction of navy yards and also built several monitor gunboats after the pattern of the famous one that defeated the Merrimac. This prominent and successful man died in Ashtabula in 1907, but his widow survives. Dr. Castle early determined upon his career, and passing through the common and high schools, took a preparatory course in the Austinburg Academy at Austinburg, Ohio, during 1892 and 1893. Following this he was manager of a drug store until 1896, when upon coming to Cleveland he was made credit man for the Independent Ice Delivery Company, now the City Ice Delivery Company. Having by this time secured sufficient funds to take him through his medical course, he entered the Cleveland Homeopathic College, graduating therefrom in 1903. He then served as interne of the Huron Road Hospital for a year, and, being fully prepared, opened an office at his present location and began general practice. He is also surgeon for his old company the City Ice Delivery Company and for HISTORY OF CLEVELAND - 399 the Cleveland American League Base Ball Club. In addition to the duties pertaining to all these associations, Dr. Castle is assistant to Dr. C. A. Hall, chief surgeon for the Wheeling & Lake Erie Railroad. Since 1891 Dr. Castle has been a Mason. On November 27, 1904, Dr. Castle was married to Jennie Sinclair, a daughter of Duncan Sinclair, a cigar dealer of London, Ontario. Two bright little boys have been born of this union: Edward Balzhiser, aged four years ; and Morrison Henry, aged one year. Dr. Castle is a member of the Phi Alpha Gamma, the national college fraternity, and of the Cleveland Homeopathic Medical Society, being at present lecturer on nervous diseases at the Cleveland Homeopathic Medical College. He is regarded by his fellow physicians as one of the most progressive men of the fraternity. Brilliant, a close student, alive to all progress in his profession, he has been eminently successful and has a bright future before him. J. H. SHEADLE. Ralph D. Williams, editor of the Marine Review, in writing of the lakes and what the infusion of new blood and of men of ideals has meant to the lake trade, has this to say regarding J. H. Sheadle: In the wonderful evolution which the trade of the great lakes and particularly the iron ore trade has undergone within the past few years, many men and many minds have been at work, some developing the unloading machine, some remodeling the ship, and others, like Coulby and Sheadle, improving the personnel. The machines are better machines, the ships are better ships, and the men are better men. The old order giveth place to the new. The chief mate is no longer selected because he is a bully but because he is a competent navigator and a gentleman. Things are handled in large fashion nowadays. The unit of value is easily half a million dollars, for that is a fair sum for a modern steamer and its cargo. The old days when the vessel master became the vessel owner have gone by ; but let is not be supposed that opportunities have gone by, for they have not. The mines, ships, furnaces and mills are linked in Such a community of interest that they can be successfully conducted only by vast aggregations of capital ; but capital in itself can do nothing without men to manage it. For one decent job offered ten years ago there are at least a dozen now. That is why the development of the proper sort of men becomes a fundamental necessity, and it is one of the ends to which Mr. Sheadle has applied himself with great diligence, being a prime mover in everything that makes for comfort aboard ship, reasoning that better conditions will automatically attract better men. Though Mr. Sheadle has been for twenty years identified with lake trade, he is not to the manor born, and in a way this may account for his ceaseless efforts to make things a little better aboard ship for the men. There are men in the trade, and distinguished ones too, who have progressed from deck hand to master and owner, and even to the control of fleets, who are thoroughly rooted to the idea that what was good enough for them in the old days is good enough for anybody now. With this view Mr. Sheadle has neither an inherited nor a natural sympathy. Mr. Sheadle is of Pennsylvania Dutch ancestry, his family having long been settled in the Nippenose valley on the west branch of the Susquehanna river in Pennsylvania, but in the early part of the nineteenth century his forebears removed to the southern part of Trumbull county, Ohio. His grandfather, William Sheadle, was a well known builder of gristmills of his day in that part of the state. J. H. Sheadle's parents, Obediah and Sara Barnheisel Sheadle, after their marriage, located in New Bedford, Pennsylvania, where he was born. Mr.