(RETURN TO THE TITLE PAGE) HISTORY OF CLEVELAND - 851 Politically Mr. Pelton gives loyal adherence to the tenets of the democracy and although he takes keen interest in public affairs, as the ideal citizen must, he has no desire for the honors and emoluments of office. He finds time for the execution of his duties as a good church member, being Methodist in belief. His fraternal relations extend to the Knights of Pythias lodge, in which he is a popular member. By the employment of sound commercial virtues Mr. Pelton has achieved success, though still counted among the younger generation. HUNTER SAVIDGE. The name of Savidge has long been a synonym for large activity and enterprise in connection with the lumber trade, for Hunter Savidge is of a family that for many years has been prominent in the development of lumber interests rn what was formerly known as the Northwest Territory. He is now a partner rn the firm of Putnam & Savidge, wholesale dealers in lumber in Cleveland. He was born at Spring Lake, Michigan, August 23, 1873. His father, Thomas Savidge, was a native of Northumberland county, Pennsylvania, born January 11, 1839, of the marriage of Benjamin and Esther (Hunter) Savidge. The family is of English origin and was founded in Connecticut by representatives of the name who settled in New England in colonial days. Members of the family took an active part in the Indian wars and in the Revolutionary war, and one of the number engaged in the manufacture of gunpowder during the struggle for independence. The great-great-grandfather of our subject was Thomas Savidge, who removed from Connecticut to Pennsylvania shortly before the outbreak of hostilities with the mother cbuntry. He was the father of John Savidge, who was the father of Benjamin Savidge and the latter was the parent of Thomas Savidge, who removed to Michigan in the late '50s and with his brother Hunter and D. Cutler engaged in the lumber business on the Grand River in Ottawa county under the firm style of Cutler & Savidge. The development of their interests made their business one of the most extensive lumber enterprises of Michigan. It was the land of this county that was the scene of Stewart Edward White's story of the lumber region called "The River Men." Thomas Savidge died March 15, 1907. He was a well known horseman and a prominent democratic politician, who served as a delegate to several conventions of the party and was one of those who nominated Grover Cleveland for the presidency. For eleven years he filled the office of mayor at Spring Lake, Michigan, and was one of the leading and influential residents there, taking active part in promoting all public improvements, especially the building of streets and roads. The mother of our subject, who bore the maiden name of Mary Davison, was a daughter of William Davison. She was born August 3, 1841, and died May 10, 1877. Hunter Savidge, whose name introduces this review, pursued his early education in the public schools of Spring Lake and of Grand Rapids, Michigan, and afterward attended the Phillips Andover Academy, at Andover, Massachusetts. Leaving school in 1893, he entered the employ of the Cutler & Savidge Lumber Company as general utility man and assistant to his father. After a year, however, he became connected with the W. H. White Company, of Boyne City, Michigan, in the office and as yard manager and when a year had thus passed came to Cleveland, in 1900, as the representative of Bliss & Van Ankens, of Saginaw, Michigan, by whom he was employed as traveling salesman and later built for them a mill near the west coast of Florida. Mr. Savidge spent three years in their employ and afterward traveled for two years for the Advance Lumber Company, of Cleveland. In 1904 he formed a partnership under the firm name of Putnam & Savidge and in that connection is now engaged in the wholesale lumber business. His entire life has been devoted to the lumber trade and he is one of its foremost 852 - HISTORY OF CLEVELAND representatives in Cleveland, the extent and importance of their business being an ample evidence of his capability and thorough familiarity with the trade in all its phases. Mr. Savidge enjoys association with various fraternal organizations and clubs. He holds membership with the Commercial Travelers, the Knights of Pythias, the Elks lodge, of Grand Rapids, the Cleveland Athletic Club and the Erie Club and Erie Yacht Club, both of Erie, Pennsylvania. All this indicates much of the nature of his interests and the sources of his recreation and pleasure. He enjoys hunting, fishing, boating and all outdoor sports and is found as a genial companion in outdoor excursions, always ready to take what the occasion offers. His political allegiance is given to the democracy save at local elections where municipal affairs have no relation to political issues. He is a typical young man of the present day to whom success at the outset of his career meant close application and unfaltering diligence. Moreover, he made it his purpose to thoroughly acquaint himself with every phase of the lumber trade and, continuing in this field of activity, he has reached the position to which careful management, thorough understanding and close application always lead. PHILO SCOVILL. The Scovill family in Cleveland was founded there by Philo Scovill and is a branch of one of the old and historic families of New England, whose history can be traced back to Arthur Scovill, who was born about 1638 and died at Middletown, Connecticut, February 7, 1706. The line of descent is through his son Stephen, who was born in 1680-'84; his son Stephen, born in 1706; his son Timothy, born in 1737; his son Timothy, who was born in 1762 and was a Revolutionary soldier ; and his son Philo, who settled in Cleveland in 1816. The name of Philo Scovill is indelibly imprinted upon the pages of Cleveland's history as one of the city's foremost pioneers and the promoter of many business interests and public enterprises which gave shape to the city's early development and constituted a stimulus for its later progress. Philo Scovill was born November 30, 1791, in Salisbury, Connecticut, and was a boy of nine years when his father removed to Cornwall, Connecticut, whence he later went to Chenango, New York. Subsequently the family residence was in Seneca county, that state, on the banks of Seneca lake. Afterward they removed to Buffalo, from which place Philo Scovill came to Cleveland in 1816. His father was a millwright by trade and had brought up his son to the use of tools. However, Philo Scovill's early connection with Cleveland was that of a merchant and he was one of the first merchants of the city. Here he established himself in the drug and grocery business near the present site of the American House. The business proved distasteful, however, and the sharp practice of his partner having made it unprofitable Mr. Scovill disposed of his mterest and, finding himself worth several hundred dollars less than nothing, he set out at once upon another venture by which he hoped to retrieve his fortunes. In company with Thomas 0. Young he began building a sawmill on Big creek, a little stream which empties into the Cuyahoga near the present village of Brooklyn. Before starting upon the mill work the partners in the entrprise had to build a but in which to live. They were alone in the wilderness and a shelter was necessary. A hard day's work sufficed to complete the but and, wearied with their exertions, the two friends prepared to go to sleep. Mr. Scovill, more prudent than his partner, constructed a "bedstead" by placing a hewn slab upon two pegs driven into the ground. Mr. Young thought the bare ground was good enough for him, but when disturbed in the dead of night by the warning hiss of a well-developed rattlesnake he concluded that Mr. Scovill had adopted the wiser HISTORY OF CLEVELAND - 855 plan and made haste to take a similar precaution. At length the mill was built and operated successfully for some time. Mr. Scovill was a carpenter and joiner by trade and in addition to the production of lumber at his mill he began to engage in business as a builder and contractor, having Levi Johnson as his only competitor at first. At the time of his arrival here Cleveland could hardly be called a hamlet and there were only twenty-seven families within the limits of Cuyahoga county. Settlers had be- gun to come in, however, in considerable numbers and Mr. Scovill soon had the erection of many stores and dwelling houses upon his hands. It was not long before he was doing what was thought at that time a large business and which, by energy, honesty and application, was being constantly enlarged. In 1825 he built the Franklin House on Superior street, on the next lot but one west of the site of the Johnson House. He opened this hotel and managed it successfully for twenty-three years with the exception of an interval of five years, when it was leased by B. Huntington. The original Franklin House was a frame build- ing, but in 1835 Mr. Scovill removed it and erected a brick structure in its place. While conducting the hotel he did not altogether relinquish his interests as a builder but took many contracts during that period. Among them were con- tracts for the erection of a lighthouse on Bois Blanc island in the straits of Mackinac and another at the mouth of Maumee Bay, both of which were faith- fully and successfully carried out. About the year 1835 Mr. Scovill removed to a farm which he had purchased in Parma, where he remained about two years. It was during his residence in Parma that he was elected to the state legislature on the whig ticket. Although strong in his political convictions, he was in no sense of the term a politician and the election was an honor unsought and un- wished for. The legislator of those days had to "work his passage" to the capital, riding either in a lumbering stage coach over execrable roads or going on horseback. Mr. Scovill's term of one year satisfied him with legislative honors and he declined to run a second time. Perceiving that Cleveland was bound to grow, Mr. Scovill made judicious purchases of real estate from time to time, investing his entire savings in land. One of these purchases consisted of a tract of one hundred and ten acres, which he bought of the Connecticut Company in 1834. This tract extended from what is now the corner of East Ninth and Woodland avenue to Greenwood street, now East Twenty-eighth street. To show the wonderful increase in the value of this property, Mr. Scovill used to tell how, a number of years after his pur- chase, he sold a lot at the corner of Brownell and Garden streets, which was the only one unsold, for exactly what he paid for the original tract of one hundred and ten acres. Mr. Scovill was frequently called to positions of local trust, serving as township trustee in early days and then as a member of the city council when Cleveland had been advanced to the dignity of a city. While serving as town trustee with the father of Leonard Case, the purchase of ten acres for a new cemetery was effected by the two trustees and this purchase cost them their office. They selected the land now known as the Erie Street cemetery and bought it for six dollars an acre. The people, declaring that it was absurd to "go into the woods to bury their dead," refused to reelect them when their term expired basing their opposition upon that purchase. In 1858, finding that his rapidly augmenting real-estate interests demanded his entire attention, Mr. Scovill relinquished all else and devoted himself entirely to their development. Streets were laid out on his property and inducements offered to purchasers that insured a ready sale and aided materially in the growth of the city. He also interested himself actively in several important enterprises which have been of great benefit to the city. He was one of the first directors of the Cleveland & Pittsburg Railroad Company and was one of the founders of the First National Bank, of which he was elected president after the death of George Worthington. Mr. Scovill's integrity, resolution and energy gave him the fullest confidence of all with whom 856 - HISTORY OF CLEVELAND he was connected. His life was one of well-directed usefulness and may well be taken as an example by the young men of today. His business cares were never allowed to sour his genial, social qualities and he enjoyed not only the respect but also the love of his associates. Mr. Scovill was married February 16, 1819, to Miss Jemima Bixby, who was born in 1800 and who, with two sons and a daughter, survived him. His death occurred June 5, 1875, at his residence at what was then 20 Euclid avenue. His widow survived him until 1888. She shared with her husband in his good work in behalf of the city, was the founder of the Old Women's Home of Cleveland and was one of the first members of Trinity church. It was mainly through her efforts that the first Trinity church in Cleveland was built. HON. DAVID MORISON. The realty transactions of a city like Cleveland are of such magnitude that it would be impossible for any individual or firm to control them all. However, the Morison Realty Company, of which David Morison is the president, has been connected with some of the most important property investments and transfers in the city, involving large sums of money. His efforts in this direction, however, do not entirely compass Mr. Morison's activity in business circles. In fact, he is identified with various corporate interests in which his keen discrimination and capable management have constituted important features of success. Mr. Morison was born in Cleveland, October 16, 1848, a son of David and Charlotte C. (Bidwell) Morison. The father was a native of Inverness, Scotland, and came to the United States in 1833, at which time he located at Albion, Cuyahoga county, Ohio, and turned his attention to farming in Strongville township. Later he came to Cleveland, where he conducted a ship chandler's store, continuing in that business until his retirement in 1854. His death occurred in April, 1868. He was twice married and by each marriage had six children. His second wife, the mother of David Morison, was born in Hartford, Connecticut. They were married in 1844. She was descended from an excellent New England family who trace their ancestry direct to the Mayflower, while many of the name at a later day were soldiers of the Revolution and prominent and loyal citizens of Connecticut. Her uncle, George L. Hill, built the first courthouse at Lincoln. Mrs. Morison during her residence in Cleveland took an active interest in the moral development of the city and was one of the founders of the Old Stone church standing at the corner of the Square and Ontario street. She survived her husband from April until October, 1868. By her marriage she became the mother of six children, of whom David Morison is the second. The others are: Anna M., now deceased ; Helen N., who became the wife of T. C. Rucker and died leaving two children, Mrs. Frank Mead and Mrs. Arthur M. Smith; Charlotte C., deceased ; Martha L., who was a twin sister of Charlotte and is now living with her brother David ; and Thomas C., a resident of Rocky River, Ohio, now retired. He is married and has two sons. After acquiring a common-school education, David Morison turned his attention to the real-estate business in 1872, and through his knowledge of values and ripe experience has gained control of extensive interests, while at the same time he has demonstrated the thorough worth and high standing of the company. He is today one of the most prominent factors in real-estate circles in Cleveland. But though his interests in this connection are most extensive and important, his resourceful ability has enabled him to become equally prominent and influential in other lines and he is now associated with some of the leading corporations of this city and state. He is the president of the Manufacturing Realty Company, the Cleveland & Illinois Mining Company, the West Godyke Mining Company and the Cleveland, Alliance & Mahoning Valley Railroad Company. He is also the HISTORY OF CLEVELAND - 857 vice president of the Electrical Building Company, located at Alliance, Ohio, and the Stark Electric Railway Company, also of Alliance. He is a director of the Northern Timberland Company, which owns lands in the state of Louisiana and is also interested in timberlands in eastern Kentucky and West Virginia. Of the Western Reserve Fire Insurance Company he is a stockholder and thus, operating in various fields, he has risen to the position of prominence which he now occupies as a representative of Cleveland's business men. Mr. Morison has also been prominent politically. For eight years a representative of the old second ward in the city council, during that time he was president for one term and throughout the period of his incumbency as an alderman he exercised his official prerogative in support of many progressive measures. For three years he was a member of the board of city improvements and in 1887 became a member of the state senate, sitting in the legislative councils of Ohio until 1899, when he resigned to accept the position of director of charities and correction under Mayor Rose, which position he filled for two years. He has also been active fraternally, belonging to the Forest City Lodge, No. 388, A. F. & A. M.; Webb Chapter, No. 14, R. A. M.; and Oriental Commandery, No. 12, K. T. He belongs to the Euclid Club and the Second Presbyterian church, while in lines having direct influence upon Cleveland's development he is a member of the Chamber of Commerce. There are few men in this city who have had the welfare of Cleveland more at heart or have understood more clearly what is needed for its development and improvement and the opportunities that can be secured for work along this line. Having studied realty values for many years and coming constantly into contact with the leading financiers controlling immense capital and securing proper investment for it, Mr. Morison is in a position to give good advice and his influence is a powerful factor in securing its adoption. His public-spirited devotion to the city is well known and that his efforts have been of far-reaching benefit none question. AUGUSTUS HARTWELL. Augustus Hartwell, whose knowledge of and love for horses make him a successful dealer in draft and driving horses as well as liveryman, is conveniently located at No. 7814 Detroit avenue, and has been for three years. He was born in Burling, Massachusetts, September 1, 1862, a son of Daniel P. and Susie Hartwell. The father was born in Clinton, Massachusetts, in 1837, and by trade was a carpenter, working at that occupation all his life. Mr. Hartwell left the public schools when twelve years old to work on the farm for four years. At the age of sixteen he went to Malberry, Massachusetts, where he was employed in a box factory for four years, and then came to Cleveland to enter the employ of Dr. Armstrong. When he arrived in this city he had only four dollars and he loaned two of them to a Mr. Barrett. After two years spent with Dr. Armstrong, Mr. Hartwell entered into partnership with Mr. Grosy in a livery business on Mechanic street, continuing for five years in that location, and then moving to the corner of Taylor and Lorain streets, where he carried on business for seventeen years, when he disposed of the livery. Mr. Hartwell then started in business at No. 7814 Detroit avenue, where he has since continued, building up a very large trade, and making a specialty of dealing in horses of all kinds and for all purposes. On October 21, 1890, Mr. Hartwell married Miss H. Eilenburg of Rochester, Michigan, the ceremony being performed in Cleveland. They make their home in the McKinley apartments, Eighty-first and Detroit avenue. Mr. Hartwell is a republican in politics, and a Protestant in religious belief. Fraternally he be- longs to the Elks and is on the board of directors for the nei'v building of this 858 - HISTORY OF CLEVELAND order now in process of construction. He is also a member of the Cleveland Athletic Club. To Mr. Hartwell there is no sport equal to driving a good horse. He understands horses thoroughly, is a splendid judge of them and is an authority on horseflesh throughout the county. He always has from fifty to one hundred head on hand at a time. Genial in manner, enterprising in his business methods, he is a favorite with his friends and associates and stands well in his locality. WILLIAM BATES. William Bates, local sales agent for the Detroit Graphite Company, is one of the progressive young business men of Cleveland, who has worked his way up from the bottom of the ladder. He was born in Birmingham, England, May 8, 1873, a son of Henry and Elizabeth Mary Bates. When he was only three years old the family removed to Kingston, Canada, and there he attended school until he was fourteen years of age. At that time Mr. Bates entered the employ of John Corbett, a retail hardware merchant of Kingston, Canada, and continued as his clerk for seven years. Leaving Mr. Corbett, he entered the employ of John Muckleston & Company, wholesale hardware merchants as salesman. After three years with this company, he went to New York city to become traveling salesman for Pomeroy & Fisher and continued on the road for five years. Mr. Bates was favorably impressed with Cleveland on his visits to this city and at the expiration of the five years located here as salesman for the Kirk-Latly Company, in 1901 becoming their sales manager. In the eight years which followed he greatly developed the business and was largely instrumental in placing it on its present footing. In November, 1909, he engaged with the Detroit Graphite Company as local sales manager, which is his present position. Mr. Bates was married in Cleveland, April 4, 1904, to Miss Shepard, and they have a little two-year old daughter, Alice Gloria. The family residence is at No. 8315 Detroit avenue. Mr. Bates is a republican, but while supporting the party with his vote and influence he does not take an active part in public matters. The family are Episcopalians in religious belief. Mr. Bates is a thoroughly up-to-date business man, who is constantly trying to improve the service of the company and to develop new territory. His live and progressive methods have met with hearty commendation from his associates and competitors. IRA S. GIFFORD. The material development of any locality is largely governed by the progress achieved by its representative business men. It is according to their efforts that progress is made. Through them is new blood infused, additional capital employed and labor required. The history therefore of all communities is after all but the record of the lives of the men who compose it. In reviewing the development of Cleveland therefore it is interesting to trace the influence of the men and the concerns that have controlled its progress. Among those thus representative is Ira S. Gifford, who, belonging to the younger generation, has always taken a very important part in certain lines of industrial activity. He was born January 11, 1874, a son of Edwin S. and Harriet J. (Searles) Gifford. His father was born in 1830 in New York state, but later moved to Connecticut, where he lived about fifty years,. following the trade of carriage-making. The Gifford family is an old one m the east and its representatives are HISTORY OF CLEVELAND - 861 to be found in New York and Connecticut, but it originated in England. Mrs. Gifford was born in 1841 in Connecticut and still lives in that state. Ira S. Gifford was born in Stamford, Connecticut, and was there educated in the public schools. Not content with the opportunities offered there, the young man came to Cleveland upon leaving school and entered the emproy of the King Bridge Company, remaining in their general offices for four years. For the following eighteen months he was on the road as a salesman for the same concern. Leav- ing them in 1897 Mr. Gifford engaged with the Forrester Plaster Company as manager of the Cleveland branch of their business and for .seven years he looked after their interests in an able manner. Severing his connections with that com- pany, in 1904 he formed a partnership width Mr. Tarbet as Tarbet & Gifford and this association was only terminated by the death of the senior member of the firm in April, 1909. Mr. Gifford bought the interests of the other heirs and since then has continued alone. The business has spread over all of Ohio and the sur- rounding states and contracts are handled of immense magnitude. The house contracts for extensive lathing and plasturing and the growth of the business has been a steady and healthy one, its success being. founded upon real merit. Mr, Gifford is also interested in the Cleveland Building Supply Company and several other houses in his line of business and they are all benefited by his connection with them for he is recognized as a keen, capable man whose grasp of affairs is comprehensive. He is also a director of the Builders Exchange of Cleveland. In 1895 Mr. Gifford married Emma Tarbet, who was born in Cleveland. He is a Royal Arch Mason. Politically he is a republican but is in no sense a politician. He is a man of sound, reliable and practical judgment and unquestioned integrity, is a good manager and a friend of progress, championing and adopting any changes in his business which he is convinced will improve his work or benefit his customers. W. F. ROTHLISBERGER. Some of the leading concerns in the country are located at Cleveland because of the superior facilities there afforded for production and transportation: One of these is the Ohio Baking Company, bakers of bread, biscuit and crackers, established in 1884, with immense plant at No. 1506 Superior avenue, Northeast. The general manager of this company, William F. Rothlisberger, is largely responsible for much of the prominence obtained in recent years by this concern. Mr. Rothlisberger was born in New Martinsville, West Virginia, November 23, 1871, and is a son of Peter and Mary Rothlisberger. The father was born in Switzerland, January 3, 1832, but came to America at the age of sixteen years and was employed in a tannery at Wheeling, West Virginia, for two years. For many years, however, he was a farmer and became prominent in his community, being deputy surveyor and treasurer at the time of his death in 1897. After attending the public schools until he was seventeen, W. F. Rothlisberger was a teacher for two years, following which he went to Pittsburg and entered the employ of the R. B. Ward Baking Company. For six months he was engaged in general work by them and then returned to Wheeling, West Virginia, and traveled for Edward Wagener, a cheese manufacturer. After a year on the road for this house he traveled for two and one-half years for the Neill Grocery Company. Leaving the road, he returned to Pittsburg and did general work for Ward & Mackey Company for six months, when in 1895 he went on the road for the firm and was their traveling salesman until 1900. He was then made manager of the Wheeling branch, thus continuing until May 1, 1905 when he and Mr. Ward came to Cleveland and bought the Ohio Baking Company. When they became the proprietors the firm was losing twenty-five 862 - HISTORY OF CLEVELAND thousand dollars a year. At the close of their first year their books showed a profit of five thousand and since then the sales have increased with marvelous rapidity. Employment is given to two hundred and fifty people and thirty-six wagons are required to make deliveries. On May 14, 1900, he was married in Wheeling, West Virginia, to Miss Richardson, a daughter of William Richardson, who was stage manager for the Court Theater for three years but is now retired and makes his home with Mr. and Mrs. Rothlisberger at No. 11118 Superior avenue. Mr. and Mrs. Rothlisberger have two children: Helen, eight years old, who is attending public schools and already displays a remarkable talent for music; and William, six years old, who is also in school. Mr. Rothlisberger is a Master Mason and belongs to the Elks, the Cleveland Commercial Travelers Association and the United Commercial Travelers Association. He is extremely fond of all outdoor sports, especially automobiling and golf. In politics he is a republican and in religious faith an English Lutheran. The rec0rd of his life shows how much can be accomplished provided a man is willing to discharge whatever duty lies at his hand and to ambitiously work upward and onward. CHARLES S. PENNINGTON. Charles S. Pennington is an architect of considerable local prominence, long connected with building operations in this city. He was, as it were, "to the manner born" inasmuch as his father, Alexander W. Pennington, was connected with building operations, and under his direction the son received his preliminary training. His birth occurred in Rochester, New York, June 26, 1863. The family was established in Cleveland about thirty-eight years ago when Alexander W. Pennington removed from the Empire state to Ohio. He was born in New Jersey in 1833, but when a youth of twelve years went to New York with his parents and twelve years later became a resident of Rochester, where he met and married Miss Sarah A. Speer. He was engaged in carpentering and contracting for fifteen years and was closely associated with important work in that city. He afterward removed to Ohio and spent a year in Painesville in the contracting business, after which he came to Cleveland taking up his abode on South Water street. Here he continued in the same field of business and by hard work, industry and determination he became recognized as one of the leading contractors of the city, having an extensive patronage that was indicative of his skill, ability and business probity. His political allegiance was given to the democracy and in all matters of progressive citizenship he took a deep interest and in many affairs of public moment cooperated. He died in October, 1908. Unto him and his wife were born six children : Adelbert D., who is the president of the Pennington Metal Washer Strip Company and resides in Cleveland; Fannie; Charles S., of this review; Arthur J.; Harry W., who is with the Otis Lithograph Company and makes his home in this city; and Walter W., who is a mining engineer of Montana. Charles S. Pennington acquired his early education in the public schools of Rochester and following the removal of the family to Cleveland continued his studies in the public and high schools here. He was but ten years of age when he arrived in this city and at the age of eighteen he left school to take up the more difficult lessons in the school of experience. He at once began work for his father, who was conducting a successful contracting business, and while his days were devoted to that work he gave his evening hours to the mastery of architecture. He remained with his father for fifteen years, gaining not only practical experience in every department of carpentering but also bringing into play his skill as an architect in making many plans and designs. He afterward HISTORY OF CLEVELAND - 865 entered into partnership with M. M. Gleichman, but later severed that association and opened an architect's office on his own account. He has since continued in the business alone and his success is of a character that indicates his thorough understanding of the profession and his practical, excellent and approved work in that direction. On the 30th of November, 1899, Mr. Pennington was married to Miss Mary E. Evans, who died sometime ago, leaving a daughter, Mary A. Pennington. In April, 1904, Mr. Pennington was again married, his second union being with Ida Jenny, a daughter of John C. and Elizabeth (Trimpy) Jenny. Their three children are Elsbeth, Charles Frederick and Howard. Mr. Pennington is independent in politics. He does not consider that all the principles of good government are embodied in one platform and he casts his ballot as his judgment dictates. He belongs to the West Side Chamber of Industry and is interested in all of its projects for the improvement and development of that section of the city. He is fond of automobiling and all outdoor sports and in those ways finds relief from the cares of business life. While he is winning success his business is growing, therefore making greater demands upon his time, yet he finds interest in the solution of intricate professional problems and has ever merited the liberal patronage which is given him. JACOB JOHN WIDLAR. Cleveland has long since been regarded as an important center of the iron industry with all of its kindred and allied interests. It is in this special field of labor that Jacob John Widlar puts forth his energy and seeks in new fields the expansion of trade for the American Range & Foundry Company, of which he is the president. Through all of his business career he has been connected with the iron working interests of this section of the country and in his personal relation is extending his efforts in keeping with the modern ideas of trade. He was born in Cleveland, May 12, 1841, and is a son of Jacob Widlar, whose birth occurred in Germany about 1812. He came to America in 1835, settling first in Cleveland, where he engaged in the blacksmithing business, conducting the Eagle Blacksmith Shop on St. Clair street hill. He was thus closely associated with the early industrial development of the city and so continued until his death in 1857. His wife, who bore the maiden name of Margaret Bilz, was also a native of Germany, but they were married in Cleveland in 1836. They reared a family of nine children: Catherine, the wife of Frank Myers; Jacob J.; Phillip, now deceased; Mary, the wife of William Furst; Carrie, the wife of Fred Brand; Francis, deceased; Louisa, now Mrs. William Hofer; Leonard, who has passed away but is survived by his wife; and John, who is an agent in Cleveland. Jacob John Widlar was educated in the St. Clair street public school and the Academy school. After putting aside his text-books he became connected with the Leader Printing Company as press boy, remaining there for two years. Subsequently he was in the employ of Silas Merchant, a foundryman, and afterward with P. P. Myers, under whom he completed his trade, having devoted four years to the thorough mastery of the business in principle and detail. He next became foreman and manager of the Cleveland Cooperative Stove Company and was connected therewith for thirty-two years, being foreman of the foundry and general manager of the manufacturing department. In 1868 he was admitted to a partnership in the business and still retains his interest in that company. In 1903 he organized the American Range & Foundry Company, with a capital of fifty thousand dollars and was chosen its first president and one of its directors. His previous long and varied experience well qualified him for this position of executive control and the enterprise has been placed on a 866 - HISTORY OF CLEVELAND very substantial basis and has every indication of continued future growth. He is also a director of the Aurora Mineral Land & Lead Company of Cleveland. He was the founder of the Cooperative Stove Company, which has grown to be one of the city's important manufacturing institutions. In 1864 occurred the marriage of Mr. Widlar and Miss Fredricka Fisher. There was one son of this marriage, Frank, now deceased, and the mother died in 1865. In 1872 Mr. Widlar was again married, his second union being with Miss Florentine Bluim. Mrs. Widlar is very active in the charities of the city, taking great interest in the work for the unfortunate. By her marriage she has become the mother of five children: Florinda, who was educated in the public and Central high schools and is a teacher in the Sibley school; Mayme, who was a student in the public schools until she completed the Central high school course; Katherine, who was similarly educated; Jessie I., a graduate of the Central high school; and Norman R., who was graduated from the Central high school in 1904 and is now manager for the American Range & Foundry Company. The family home, at what is now 6816 Cedar avenue, Southeast, was erected by Mr. Widlar in 1894 and has since been occupied by the family. Mr. Widlar exercises his right of franchise in support of the men and measures of the republican party but the honors and emoluments of office have no attraction for him. He finds his chief recreation in travel and spends much of his leisure in reading, having a very complete and well selected library. ADOLPH BENEDICT SCHNEIDER, M. D. Dr. Adolph Benedict Schneider, who stands as one of the prominent representatives of homeopathy in Cleveland, well known as a practitioner and educator, was born December 31, 1866, at Dunkirk, New York. His father, Benedict Schneider, a watch-maker, married Marie Abrecht, the daughter of a prominent Swiss educator. Both parents were natives of Switzerland and in the year 1865 came to the United States. In the public schools of his native town Dr. Schneider pursued his education, after which he engaged in watch-making, being thus associated with his father until he took up the study of medicine. In 1891 he came to Cleveland and entered the Cleveland Homeopathic Medical College, completing a three years' course by graduation With the class of 1894, at which time his Doctor of Medicine degree was conferred upon him. He at once entered upon the private tice of medicine in Cleveland and has so continued save for the periods which he has spent in further study. In 1900 he pursued post-graduate work in Philadelphia and New York and in 1904 studied in Berlin and Vienna, devoting special attention to diagnosis and diseases of the chest. He has carried his investigation far in the realms of medical knowledge, and scientific research has brought him comprehensive understanding of the correct principles of health and the treatment of disease. In 1894 he was appointed assistant demonstrator of anatomy in the Cleveland Medical College and throughout the years of his connection with the profession has done excellent work in educational lines. From 1895 until 1897 he lectured on physical diagnosis and from 1896 until 1898 filled the position of demonstrator of anatomy. In the latter year he was elected professor of anatomy, which chair he filled until 1900. and was then elected professor of physical diagnosis and clinical medicine, which chair he still occupies. For two years, from 1901 until 1903, he was also registrar of the college. He has been visiting physician of the Cleveland Homeopathic Hospital end the Cleveland City Hospital for a number of years and has been chief of the department of diseases of the chest in Good Samaritan Dispensary for the past ten years. He keeps in touch with the onward march of the profession through his membership in the American Institute of Homeopathy, the Homeo- HISTORY OF CLEVELAND - 869 pathic Medical Society of Ohio and the Cleveland Homeopathic Medical Society. He has been an occasional contributor to the current literature of the profession and has presented papers before various societies. He is also a member of the Cleveland Medical Library Association and for several years was secretary of the Alumni Association of the Cleveland Homeopathic Medical College. On the 12th of December, 1906, at Springfield, Massachusetts, Dr. Schneider was married to Miss Ila Roberts, a daughter of Dr. O. W. Roberts, of that city. Mrs. Schneider is a graduate of Smith College, is an accomplished musician and is active in the social and musical circles of Cleveland. She is a descendant of Thomas Dudley, second colonial governor of Massachusetts, and her ancestors were active in the colonial and the Revolutionary wars. Dr. and Mrs. Schneider hold membership in the Pilgrim Congregational church. In politics Dr. Schneider is republican in principle but does not feel himself bound by party ties and votes independently if he deems such a course wise. His attention is principally given to his professional duties which are onerous and important and his ability and close adherence to a high standard of professional ethics have gained for him the unqualified regard of his colleagues as well as of the general public. WILLIAM GEORGE EBERSOLE, M. D., D. D. S. This is an age of progress and America is the exponent of the spirit of the age. No other country has made as great advancement in the lines of science and mechanical invention and the superiority of her invention has been widely recognized. In this steady growth and development which has characterized the age the science of dentistry has kept pace with the general progress, and among the members of the profession in Ohio Dr. Ebersole occupies a prominent position. He is a native of Carrollton, Carroll county, Ohio, born November 18, 1864, the eldest son of John E. and Nancy (Lyons) Ebersole and a descendant of one of the pioneer families of that section. The first representative of the name in Ohio came from Dauphin county, Pennsylvania, and settled near Carrollton. John Ebersole, the grandfather of Dr. Ebersole, was for a number of years associate judge of the common pleas court of Carroll county. John E. Ebersole, the father, now a retired farmer and stock dealer, is one of the leading citizens of Carrollton and active in all movements for the general good and welfare of the community. Dr. Ebersole was born in Carrollton, where his parents lived until he was two and one-half years of age, when they moved to a farm. It was there that he spent his boyhood days and early learned the lessons of industry and application prominent characteristics of the man today. His education was acquired in the grammar and high schools at Carrollton, and during the summer seasons for eight years, beginning when he was sixteen years of age, he was superintendent of a brick plant, having charge of a number of men all older than himself. Desirous of obtaining a better education than was hitherto afforded him, he spent three winters in the Ohio Normal University at Ada, Ohio, his labor providing the funds necessary for tuition and other expenses. Following this he took trp the study of law, spending a year and a half in the office of Fimple & Holder at Carrollton; but, his health was undermined by his physical exertions to earn means to take him through school and he was obliged to abandon his law studies for the time. He accepted a position as traveling representative for Dr. Geofge Graham, of Carrollton, founder of the Graham Anaesthetic Company, introducing a pioneer preparation to the dental and medical profession shortly after the discovery of the anaesthetic properties of cocaine. Five years were spent on the road and it was while thus engaged that a knowledge of the antipathy of the laity 870 - HISTORY OF CLEVELAND toward dental operations and their attendant suffering was acquired. He learned that many people were giving their teeth and mouth absolutely no attention, either from the hygienic or dental standpoint except to have a tooth extracted when it ached. The knowledge of these conditions gave Dr. Ebersole the idea of developing what he called humanitarian dentistry and led him to believe that he could do more for humanity in this way than in the legal profession. He therefore gave up the study of law and turned his attention "to the development of the idea which had taken possession of him. In 1892 Dr. Ebersole entered the Western Reserve University at Cleveland, pursuing courses in both the medical and dental departments, and although compelled to leave college for one year on account of ill health, he carried on and completed six years' work in four years, being graduated from the dental department May 19, 1896, and the medical department May 18, 1897. On the 1st of October of the latter year he began the practice of dentistry in the Permanent building and two and one-half years later he moved to the new Rose building, paying the first office rent in that structure. When the Schofield building was first projected he filed an application for rooms four years before the ground was broken or work commenced. He was mainly instrumental in having two floors in this building set aside for physicians and dentists. In both buildings he was very active in having gas and compressed air installed for the use of the professions ; and more recently he has been agitating the erection of a building for the exclusive use of the dental and medical professions. In the fall of 1897, a few months after graduation, Dr. Ebersole was appointed demonstrator of operative dentistry in the Dental College of Western Reserve University. He continued in this capacity for about two and one-half years, having charge of the surgical and anaesthetic departments. In 1898 and 1899 and a part of 1900 he was lecturer on oral surgery in the same institution, and so far as is known was the first to require students to become thoroughly familiar with dental anaesthetics, making it obligatory for every graduate to have thorough experience in the administration of nitrous-oxide gas and in the work of operating under its influence. The development of humanitarian dentistry has ever been paramount with Dr. Ebersole and he has written a number of papers bearing upon this subject. The first was given before the Cleveland Dental Society in 1899 and was entitled "Are We as Dentists Doing Our Full Duty to Humanity and to the Profession?" Another read before the same society in 1902 was entitled "Why Does Dental Caries Occur More Frequently in the Female than in the Male Mouth of the Human Family?" "Combatting Pain in Dental Operations" was delivered before the Northern Ohio Dental Association in 1902. "Humanitarian Methods in Dentistry" was read before the Seventh District Dental Society of New York, at Rochester, in 1904. "Humanitarian Dentistry" was delivered before the Lake Erie Dental Society in 1905. "Thoughts Relative to Humanitarian Dentistry" was read before the Toledo Dental Society in 1907. Later in the same year he read "Humanitarian Dentistry and How to Practice It" before the Odontological Society of Western Pennsylvania, at Pittsburg. On January 5, 1909, he read a paper entitled "A Plea for More Humanitarian Methods of Dentistry With Suggestions for Practicing the Same" before the New York Institute of Stomatology. In Tune, 1909, he read a paper entitled "Business Methods Applied to the Practice of Dentistry," before the Pennsylvania State Dental Society, meeting at Pittsburg. Dr. Ebersole has given to the profession a method of replanting teeth which abolishes the removal of pero-dental membrane and also the use of antiseptics other than the normal saline solution, claiming that other anaesthetics tend to destroy the isolated animal tissue cell. This process bears the same relation to. dental surgery that skin grafting does to general surgery. In fact, it was the latter that suggested the idea to Dr. Ebersole. Dr. Ebersole became a member of the Cleveland Dental Society in 1897; the Cleveland Medical Society, now the Academy of Medicine, in 1898; the HISTORY OF CLEVELAND - 871 Northern Ohio Dental Association in 1898; the National Dental Association in 1899; and the Ohio State Dental Society in 1900. In 1899 he was appointed member of the oral hygiene committee of the Cleveland Dental Society and has served on that committee most of the time down to the present and is now chairman of this committee. In 1903 he was elected corresponding secretary of the Northern Ohio Dental Association and while in that office planned and conducted in 1904 a meeting for the exclusrve study of humanitarian or pain preventing methods in dentistry—the first meeting of the kind ever held in the world. In 1904 he was reelected and devoted considerable of the program to the study of humanitarian methods. The average attendance at the meetings of this organization had previously been about two hundred but sufficient interest was created to secure the attendance of four hundred and ninety-six in 1904, and in 1905 five hundred and ninety-eight persons were in attendance at this meeting. In 1905 Dr. Ebersole was elected as one of the four editors of a dental magazine and established a department devoted to humanitarian dentistry; the first dental journal in the world to devote a special department to the study of pain preventing methods of dentistry. Pressure of other duties, however, forced him to resign this position at the completion of his third year in this work. In October, 1908, Dr. Ebersole was appointed chairman of the second section of the National Dental Association and in this capacity he succeeded in making such a showing for section No. 2 at the national meeting, held in Birmingham in March of 1909, that he was appointed chairman of the oral hygiene committee of the National Dental Association at this meeting. On January 5, 1909, he was elected vice president of the Cleveland Dental Society; and in June of 1909 was elected vice president of the Northern Ohio Dental Society. At the January meeting of the Cleveland Dental Society, 1910, he was elected president of the Cleveland Dental Society. During the year of 1909-10, while chairman of the oral hygiene committee of the National Dental Association and chairman of the education and oral hygiene committee of the Cleveland Dental Society, Dr. Ebersole assisted by Dr. J. R. Owens and Dr. Weston A. Price, members of the education and oral hygiene committee of the Cleveland Dental Society, and Dr. W. T. Jackman, chair- man of the education and oral hygiene committee of the Ohio State Dental So- ciety, succeeded in introducing into the Cleveland public schools a system of dental rnspection and educational lectures, and by his efforts as chairman of the oral hygiene committee of the National Dental Association he secured six equipments to establish dental clinics to take care of Cleveland school children (four in the public and two in the parochial schools). These clinics were dedicated and formally opened on the 18th of March, 1910, and are to be conducted for a period of one year to secure data showing the value of proper oral hygienic conditions as related to public school children. Through Dr. Ebersole's influence the opening of the national campaign on oral hygiene un-der the auspices of the National Dental Association was held in the city of Cleveland, March 18, 1910. Sufficient interest was created in this meeting to secure the recognition and the sending of a personal representative by President William H. Taft, in the person of Dr. C. W. Wille, past assistant surgeon, United States public health and marine hospital service; and by Governor Judson Harmon sending a personal representative in the person of Dr. H. C. Brown. There were about four thousand people in attendance at this meeting. On March 17, 1910, at a luncheon given in honor of Dr. Ebersole, forty-four of the most prominent members of the Cleveland Dental Society presented him with a diamond prn representing the "giving of the cup of cold water" and bearing the inscription "In His Name." On the 17th of December, 1890, Dr. Ebersole was married in Carrollton, Ohio, to Miss Ora, daughter of Levi and Mary (Gearhart) Stemple, and to 872 - HISTORY OF CLEVELAND them was born, October 19, 1896, a son, Carl Haman, who was adopted and named by the medical class of which his father was a member. Politically Dr. Ebersole is a republican, but his interest in politics does not extend to the desire for public office. Socially he is a member of the Colonial Club and the Chamber of Commerce. He united with the Presbyterian church at Carrollton, Ohio, before reaching his majority and has always been interested in religious work. While a student at Ada, Ohio, he was active in the Young Men's Christian Association as well as the Christian Endeavor Society, being for two years a state organizer for the latter. He is now a member of the Windemere Presbyterian church and a teacher in the Sunday school. Dr. Ebersole is emphatically a self-made man and his rise in the profession has been rapid. He is progressive, thorough-going, of marked force of character and grim determination, and is esteemed most where best known. LILLIAN GERTRUDE TOWSLEE, M. D. Dr. Lillian Gertrude Towslee, a successful medical practitioner of Cleveland, was born in Lodi, Ohio, December 4, 1859, a daughter of Mr. and Mrs. George Washington Towslee. The family comes of French, English, Scotch and Irish lineage and was established in America about 1632. The name of Gideon Towslee appeared in the first census taken in Vermont in 1790. At the time of the Revolutionary war the paternal grandfather of George Washington Towslee was assistant to General La Fayette and his maternal grandfather was aid-de-camp to General Washington. About 1832 Dr. Towslee's grandmother in the maternal line wrote a letter in which she said : "I have just thought it would give me great pleasure to possess a sketch of my parents from their own hand but as that is denied me I think it would give my children some satisfaction to read something from my hand of their progenitors. My forefathers were among the number that embraced the doctrines of the reformation in the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries and were often persecuted for righteousness' sake, being obliged to flee from one country to another for safety. At length in the early part of the seventeenth century my grandparents emigrated to America—my father's family from Scotland and my mother's from North Ireland. Both families settled in the eastern part of Pennsylvania. My father's father died when father was nineteen years of age. My father's eldest sister married a Mr. Mealy and in 1796 came to Ohio, settling near Marietta. My father passed away in 1814 and mother passed away nine days later." Dr. Towslee's grandmother was but thirteen years and six months old at the time of the death of -her parents. George W. Towslee was born in New York but of Vermont parentage and at the age of fourteen years came to Ohio, locating in Lodi, where he spent his life and died in 1902 at the advanced age of seventy-seven years. In early manhood he wedded Maria Esther Pollock, whose mother was a Harper, belonging to the family in whose honor Harper's Ferry was named. The Pollocks came of Scotch-Irish ancestry. Mrs. Towslee was a very intellectual woman, as was her mother, who was quite widely known as a writer. The death of Mrs. Towslee occurred August 23, 1898, when she had reached the age of seventy-two years. Dr. Towslee acquired her literary education in Lodi Academy and subsequently pursued an academic course in Oberlin College and was graduated from the Conservatory of Music there in 1882. She afterward engaged in teaching music for four years but in the meantime took up the study of medicine at Wooster University, where she completed a course in 1888 and won her degree. She has since spent several months in post-graduate study in New York city and since the 1st of February, 1889, has practiced continuously and success- HISTORY OF CLEVELAND - 875 fully in Cleveland. While she engages in general practice, she yet makes a specialty of gynecological work and was assistant to the professor of gynecology at the Wooster Medical School from 1889 until it was merged with the College of Physicians and Surgeons, which is a branch of the Ohio Wesleyan University, since which time she has been lecturer on gynecology to the senior class in that institution. She also did clinical work in the Wooster Medical College for twelve years, lectured in Women's College of the Western Reserve University for two years on health and hygiene and for' some years has had professional charge of the girls at the Schaffier Mission, delivering a course of lectures there each spring. She has also served on the staff of the Women's Hospital of the west side and was on the staff of the Cleveland General Hospital some years ago. Until recent years, when the demands of her private practice and professional duties have become too extensive, Dr. Towslee was a frequent contributor to medical journals and some years ago, upon the request of the Western Reserve University Medical Journal, she wrote an article entitled "Why Women Should Practice Medicine," which was widely commented upon. She became a charter member of the Cleveland Academy of Medicine and also belongs to the Cleve- land Medical Library Association, the Ohio State Medical Society, the American Medical Society, the Sorosis and the Health Protective Association, of which she is president. Her membership relations also extend to the Calvary Presbyterian church, and she is secretary of Calvary Church Benevolent Society. She also belongs to the Inquiry Club, the Emerson Class, and is a member of the board of the Club House Association and a charter member of that organization. She is also president of the Republican Women's League and vice president of the Martha Bolton Club and treasurer of the Cleveland Council of Women, while she is eligible to membership with the Daughters of the American Revolution. She is also president of the Health Protective Association. Dr. Towslee is largely interested in real-estate and in 1904 erected a fine apartment house at No. 8110 Carnegie avenue, which she called Towslee Inn, in honor of her father. In 1908 she built another at No. 8025 Cedar avenue, Lodi, which she planned while confined to her home by an accident in that year. She had previously erected several residences here and her real-estate investments have been most profitable. She resides at No. 8118 Carnegie avenue, which home she planned and built in 1895. Residing with her are Mrs. Katherine D. Arthur, who has been her assistant and companion for many years, and an adopted son, George Arthur Towslee, six years of age, who is an unusually bright boy. She has a sister, Mrs. Ella Towslee Webster, prominent in social and literary circles in Cleveland, who has been requested to serve on the board of education. She has one son, Paul Towslee Webster, fourteen years of age. Dr. Towslee is an enthusiast on the subject of motoring and has taken many long trips, including one from Cleveland to Boston and then down the coast to New York. Another season she toured Canada in her automobile. A lady of superior culture and broad intelligence in general as well as professional lines, her opinions carry weight, while in social circles she is gladly welcomed because of her attractive powers of entertaining. HUBERT BRUCE FULLER. Hubert Bruce Fuller, lawyer and author, was born in Derby, Connecticut, June 15, 1880. His ancestors were among the members of the band of Pilgrims who came to Massachusetts in the Mayflower in 1620. He is a descendant of Elder Brewster and also from a sister of Benjamin Franklin. Seven of his ancestors fought in the Revolutionary war. His father was Robert Bruce Fuller who died in Washington, D. C., April 5, 1900, and who was widely known through- 876 - HISTORY OF CLEVELAND out his native state of Connecticut as an educator, having acted as superintendent of schools in various cities and towns of that state. His mother's maiden name was Harriet A. Prentice. She is a granddaughter of General Amariah Kibbe and cousin of the late George D. Prentice, the famous journalist and founder of the Louisville Journal, Mrs. Fuller is living in Cleveland. Hubert B. Fuller attended primary schools in Connecticut and Washington, D. C. From Yale University he received the degree of A. B. in 1901 and A. M. in 1904. At Yale he was awarded the Cobden Club medal by the Cobden Club of England, the Townsend prize in literature, the Eggleston prize in history and other honors. Mr. Fuller received the degrees of LL. B. and LL. M. from the Columbian University, now the George Washington University, where he was awarded prizes in insurance and corporation law. He began the practice of law in Cleveland in 1903. Mr. Fuller is a writer of considerable repute. He is the author of The Purchase of Florida, published in 1906; Tax Returns in Ohio, published in 1907; and The Speakers of The House, published in 1909. He is also a frequent contributor to standard magazines on legal, historical and economic subjects. He is a member of the Cleveland Chamber of Commerce, the Phi Sigma Kappa fraternity, the Sons of the American Revolution, and an officer of the Western Reserve Historical Society. Mr. Fuller has taken a prominent part in politics in Cleveland as a republican and is one of the secretaries of Senator Burton of Ohio. REV. THOMAS FRANCIS FAHEY. Rev. Thomas Francis Fahey, pastor of the Cathedral of St. John the Evangelist, was born in Cleveland on the 16th of December, 1874. His paternal grandfather, Michael Fahey, a native of Ireland, emigrated to the United States in 1850 and came directly to Cleveland, where he spent the remainder of his life, dying here in 1869 in his sixty-ninth year. His maternal grandfather, Thomas Burke, also a native of Ireland, was born in 1787 and made his way to the new world about sixty years ago. He resided in Boston for a while and then came to Cleveland, where he spent the rest of his days. He died in 1887. Martin Fahey, father of the Rev. T. F. Fahey, was also born in Ireland, November 10, 1841, and was but a mere boy when he came alone to the United States to join his father who had previously established his home in this city. He was engaged for many years in railroad work of various kinds but of late has withdrawn from active life and is enjoying the quiet of his advanced years with his wife and daughter in retirement. Father Fahey's parents were married in Cleveland. His mother, Bridget Burke, had come to Cleveland from the Emerald isle as a child of six and has dwelt here ever since. The Rev. Father Fahey has two brothers, Michael and William, both of Cleveland and both skilled mechanics. The Rev. T. F. Fahey acquired his preliminary education in St. Patrick's school in Cleveland. His collegiate work was done at St. Ignatius College, this city, whence he was graduated in 1895, after five years' study. The next six years he spent at St. Mary's Seminary, Cleveland, and upon the completion of his philosophical and theological course was ordained a priest by Bishop Horstmann on the 1st of June, 1901, at the cathedral of his native city. On the following day he celebrated his first mass at St. Patrick's church, Cleveland. His first appointment was to the pastorate of St. Mary's church, Carragher, Ohio, with the additional charge of St. Richard's church at Swanton. On the 14th of June, 1902, after one year at Carragher, he was transferred to the cathedral of St. John the Evangelist, Cleveland, as assistant to the late Dr. Patrick Farrell, whom he succeeded in the pastorate of the cathedral April 5, 1907. The HISTORY OF CLEVELAND - 879 cathedral parish comprises about two thousand souls besides a large transient attendance. There is a parochial school attached with a daily enrollment of four hundred pupils, taught by eight religious. Several hospitals are attended by the cathedral clergy. Father Fahey has two priests to assist him in discharging the duties of his responsible office, the Rev. Eugene P. Duffy and the Rev. C. Hubert Le Blond. The cathedral church whose pastor he is, being the scene of the great ecclesiastical activities of the diocese, brings him into close touch with his bishop and the official life of the diocese and makes his work more than strictly parochial. In his varied relations with his own people and the outside world, with which he is brought into rather close touch in the many ways inseparable from the priest's calling, he is ever zealous for good, striving for the welfare of his people and the advancement of the interests of his native city. Father Fahey is always the courteous priestly gentleman fitted in every way to grace his exalted position. PETER LINN. The D. L. Scheier Furniture Company is one of the solid, reliable houses of the city, and its executive head, Peter Linn, has earned his present position in the commercial life of Cleveland through years of earnest endeavor. He was born in Rhine-Pfaltz, Germany, June 14, 1866, a son of William and Elizabeth Linn. He received his early education in the schools of his native city, but at the age of fourteen years came to America. Locating in Cleveland, he soon found employment as an upholsterer's apprentice with Herman Junge and remained in this connection for eight years, when he accepted a position with D. L. Scheier & Company as an upholsterer. He continued in this capacity until 1892, when he was appointed superintendent and also became personally interested in the business. Largely to his able management was due the growth of the business during the succeeding years. In 1905, when the firm was reorganized and incorporated, he was elected president and has served since in that capacity, and the unusual success which has attended his conduct of the business is evidence, of his executive ability. Mr. Linn takes an active interest in public affairs, giving his enthusiastic sup- port to any plan to promote his adopted city's welfare. Politically he is a republican. On May 9, 1895, he married Mary Emrich and they reside at No. 1295 Belle avenue, Lakewood. A man of quiet tastes, possessing those rugged traits of honesty and industry, characteristic of his countrymen, he has risen through sheer pluck and worth to a prominent place among Cleveland's successful adopted sons. JOHN U. KARR. John U. Karr, who has been a resident of Cleveland since 1885 and is now one of its prominent business men, was born in Wheeling, West Virginia, in June, 1867, being a son of David and Eliza (Turner) Karr. His father came from Scotland when twenty-one years of age, locating near Wheeling, West Virginia, where he engaged in farming during the remainder of his life, dying in 1889, at the age of seventy-three years. After attending the common schools, John U. Karr took a commercial course in a business college of Wheeling. He then entered the employ of his brother, who was located in Cleveland, engaged in the fish business. In 1896 Mr. Karr opened a grocery store on Madison avenue, West Cleveland, a year later removing to Lexington avenue. In 1900 he started his present business on Eleventh 880 - HISTORY OF CLEVELAND street which is now one of the largest ship supply houses in the city. After being alone until 1904, he took as a partner L. R. Mitchell and the firm name was changed to Karr & Mitchell. He is also a stockholder in the Clark Wireless Telegraph Company, the Great Lakes Radio Wireless Telephone Company and the Atlantic Wireless Telephone Company. He owns a large orange plantation on the Isle of Pines, where he goes each winter and remains until navigation opens on the lakes, and he is president and general manager of the St. Barbara Milling & Contracting Company there. In 1893 Mr. Karr married Eva May Benham, a daughter of C. E. Benham, of Cleveland. He is extremely fond of baseball and motoring, and during his winter vacations is enabled to gratify his love for fishing. He is a Knight Templar Mason, belonging to Oriental Commandery, and is also a member of Al Koran Temple of the Mystic Shrine. Although deeply engrossed in his business, which he has developed to such gratifying proportions, Mr. Karr is interested in public matters to the extent of being anxious to secure good government and to develop the city. He has great faith in Cleveland, believing that it has not reached its full gr0wth by any means but has a brilliant future before it as a still greater commercial and industrial center. CHARLES E. THOMPSON. Charles E. Thompson, as general manager of the Electric Welding Products Company, is active in control of the largest institution of this kind in the United States and Cleveland has in him a splendid type of the alert, business man of the present day who recognizes that thoroughness, comprehensive understanding of his special line and unfaltering diligence in the prosecution thereof must constitute the salient elements in advancement. Born in McIndoe Falls, Vermont, on the 16th of July, 1870, he is a son of Thomas Thompson, likewise a native of the Green Mountain state. The father, born in 1842, was a representative of an old New England family. The mother, Mrs. Mary Ann Thompson, was a daughter of Dr. George and Eliza Young. In the early boyhood of Charles E. Thompson his parents removed to Lynn, Massachusetts, where he pursued his preliminary education and afterward attended the Boston Preparatory School. When his text-books were laid aside he secured employment with the Thompson Houston Company, of Lynn, Massachusetts, serving in the shipping, armature, incandescent lamp and other departments in which he gained much practical experience concerning the electrical manufacturing business during his two years' connection with the firm. He afterward served as assistant superintendent with Alley & Ingalls, shoe manufacturers, for a year, and in 1892 came to Cleveland, securing a position with the Cleveland Telephone Company. His time was spent in the repair department as inspector and as branch office manager during the succeeding six years, and then he left Cleveland for the southwest, going to Dallas, Texas, in 1898, as manager of the Dallas Exchange. There he remained for a year and a half and upon his return to Cleveland he accepted a position with the Cap Screw Company which afterward was changed to the Electric Welding Products Company. His leisure hours were devoted to the pursual of special courses in electrical engineering in the evening classes conducted by Professor Langley at the Young Men's Christian Association. He entered the service the Electric Welding Products Company as electrician and was promoted through various positions until 1905, when he was appointed general manager of the largest institution of its kind in the United States. The enterprise has shown a marvelous growth. The business has been more than doubled each year and in 1909 four new buildings were erected. The company has the largest hardening room in the state of Ohio and employment is furnished to about three HISTORY OF CLEVELAND - 883 hundred and fifty men. Almost his entire business experience has been in electrical lines and from each connection he has mastered the lessons therein to be learned and passed on better equipped for the duties that were to devolve upon him in a new position. He has thus become a man of marked ability in his line, occupying a foremost position in electrical circles as the general manager of the Electric Welding Products Company. On the 3d of January, 1900, Charles E. Thompson was married to Miss Maora H. Hubbard, a daughter of Jerome and Leanna Hubbard, of Kipton, Ohio. Mrs. Thompson died September 21, 1903, leaving a son, Edwin Groot, born October 30, 1900, in Dallas, Texas. Mr. Thompson finds his chief sources of pleasure and recreation in motoring, golf and yachting. He belongs to the Lakewood Yacht, the Cleveland Athletic, the Hermit and the Singers Clubs, where he finds pleasant associations with men of congenial tastes. His politi- cal views concerning the questions and issues of the day are in accord with republican principles and his religious faith is that of the Episcopal church, his membership being in St. Paul's. JOHN SHERWIN. John Sherwin, president of the First National Bank of Cleveland, the largest bank in the state of Ohio, has been connected with the banking business since his boyhood, his first position being with the old National City bank as messenger boy. He worked his way up through various grades of promotion and finally was made cashier of the National Bank of Elwood City, Pennsylvania. Remaining there for two years, he returned to Cleveland to organize the old Park National Bank, of which he was made cashier and director. This was later consolidated with several others into the First National Bank of this city. It is one of the strongest and largest financial institutions of the state and has just taken possession of new quarters erected in 1909 on Euclid avenue. This building, owned by the bank, is a magnificent structure, perhaps the finest of its kind in the United States. President Sherwin has every reason to be proud of what he has accomplished in the evolution of his bank. He is one of the youngest bank presidents in the country. His long experience and excellent judgment fit him for his position, while his connections are such as to insure an immense volume of business as well as absolute security for the depositors. He is one of the promoters of The Northern Texas Traction Company, of which he and George T. Bishop were trustees for the stockholders; was also one of the promoters of the Washington, Baltimore & Annapolis Traction Railroad; and has been associated with many other large ventures. Mr. Sherwin is a member of the Union, the Gentlemen's Driving and Tavern Clubs, is president of the latter, and is very prominent in social life. He is a notable example of the energetic, folceful men of today, who although young in years are old in their experience of existing conditions and the demands of the restless, exhausting twentieth century civilization. HARLAN POMEROY, M. D. There has been much fantastic theorizing as t0 the cause of success, but care- ful analyzation will in every instance show that progress is secured through persistent and intelligently directed industry and the fit utilization of one's innate talents and powers. The highest success, however, is not that which can be achieved in material ways, but which is a factor in the world's advancement, and while Dr. Pomeroy has received substantial recognition of his ability in his 884 - HISTORY OF CLEVELAND chosen field of labor, the profession acknowledges its indebtedness to him for original ideas that have proven of practical benefit in advancing the great work of the medical fraternity. A native of Strongsville, Ohio, Dr. Pomeroy was born June 27, 1853. His father, Alanson Pomeroy, a native of Massachusetts, came to Ohio in 1819 and located in Strongsville, where he engaged in agricultural pursuits, while later he gave his attention to mercantile lines until his death, which occurred in 1877 when he was seventy-two years of age. He was a lineal descendant of Eltweed Pomeroy, who came from England rn 1630 in the ship "Mary and John" and settled at Dorchester, Massachusetts. The name of Pomeroy as borne by his descendants has been an honored and conspicuous one throughout successive generations. The origin of the family has been traced, according to a recent genealogy of the Pomeroy family, without a break through long lines of warriors and barons of England and Normandy to Sir Ralph de Pommeraie, 1030 -1066, chief-of-staff to William the Conqueror and his companions on the battlefield of Hastings. In the division of the Saxon lands in England to the companions of the Norman Duke, Sir Ralph received as his proportion large estates in Devonshire and Somerset. The family coat of arms bears the inscription, "Virtutis fortuna comes." In the maternal line Dr. Pomeroy is a representative of one of the old families of Strongsville, Ohio, his grandparents having settled there at an early period in the development of that part of the state. His mother, who bore the maiden name of Kezia Pope, was a native of Massachusetts and died in Strongsville in 1893 at the advanced age of eighty-four years. Dr. Pomeroy spent his boyhood in Strongsville, his time being devoted to clerking in his father's store, to work upon the home farm and to attendance at the public schools, wherein he pursued his education to the age of seventeen, when he entered Oberlin College. There he remained for five years, from 1870 until 1875, though during the winter of 1873-4 he taught a district school in Columbia, Ohio, and his more specifically literary learning served as a substantial foundation upon which to rear the superstructure of professional knowledge when, in 1876, he came to Cleveland and entered the Cleveland Homeopathic Medical College, where he continued his course until his graduation in 1879. He received the "Diploma of Honor" for highest scholarship in the class. He has remained throughout the intervening years a close and discriminating student of the profession and has constantly broadened his knowledge through experience as well as reading and investigation. His ability has carried him into important professional relations and has brought him to a prominent position as a distinguished representative of the medical fraternity in Cleveland. During the summer following his graduation he acted as house physician at the Protestant Hospital in Toledo, Ohio, and in the winter of 1879-1880 pursued a postgraduate course in the Bellevue Hospital College in New York city. In 1892 he attended Professor Pratt's course in orificial surgery. In the spring of 1880 Dr. Pomeroy located in Cleveland for the general practice of medicine and surgery but has devoted his attention principally to internal medicine and obstetrics. Conscientious in all that he does, most careful in the diagnosis of his cases and readily understanding the relation of cause and effect, he has achieved distinction as one whose professional labors are in the main attended with splendid results. He is frequently called in consultation by other members of the medical profession. Moreover, Dr. Pomeroy is well known in connection with the educational work of the homeopathic school. 'He was the lecturer on materia medica in the Cleveland Homeopathic Medical College from 1881 until 1884, when he became a member of the faculty, being elected professor of physiology, hygiene and sanitary science, occupying that chair until 1891. In the year designated he was chosen professor of obstetrics. He has also been dean for the Training School for Nurses of the Huron Street Hospital since 1894 and a member of rts faculty since its inauguration in 1884. He has done much hospital work of an HISTORY OF CLEVELAND - 885 important and varied character. He was attending physician to the Good Sa- maritan Dispensary for two years; was attending physician to the Dorcas Invalid Home from 1885 until 1894; was for several years attending physician to the Bethany Home for Invalid Children; is one of the consulting staff of the Maternity Hospital and was its first attending physician after its establishment. He is also physician to the Actors' Fund of America, to which he was appointed in October, 1888, representing Cleveland in that organization. He is one of the examining physicians for the Northwestern Mutual Life Insurance Company, having been appointed in 1895, has been a member of the American Institute of Homeopathy since 1885; and a member of the Ohio State Homeopathic Medical Society, of which he was treasurer from 1887 until 1890; and belongs also to the Cleveland Homeopathic Medical Society and was one of the founders of the Cleveland University of Medicine and Surgery, acting as its treasurer for several years after its establishment. He was president of the Homeopathic College, was also secretary of the Cleveland Academy of Medicine for a time and a member of the old Medical Round Table Club. He is likewise a member and one of the council of the Cleveland Medical Library Association and since 1880 has served continuously as secretary of the Homeopathic Hospital Society and has been a member of the medical staff during that period, was secretary of the staff for several years and was elected president of the staff of Huron Road Hospital in 1909. Dr. Pomeroy is perhaps equally well known as a contributor to medical literature, for he has written for the Homeopathic System of Medicine and for several journals, and is the author of literature on the medical use of electricity, of which he has made a special study for more than twenty years. He has likewise prepared articles for publication on the subject of nursing, all of which are recognized as of value to the profession and to the laity. There is perhaps no profession so little commercialized as is the practice of medicine and Dr. Pomeroy stands as an able exponent of the tendency of the time, which is to prevent rather than to cure disease through the general inculcation of knowledge concerning sanitary and health conditions. Aside from his practice Dr. Pomeroy is a director in the Cleveland South- western & Columbus Electric Railway Company and is connected to some extent with other business enterprises. He is also interested quite largely in Cleveland real estate and has a fine home at No. 1934 East Seventy-fifth street, also owning the old homestead at Strongsville, which he occupies as a summer residence, finding interest and recreation in conducting agricultural pursuits there through the summer months. On the 20th of December, 1880, Dr. Pomeroy was married at Elyria, Ohio, to Miss Frances L. Pomroy, a daughter of R. W. and Lodema Pomroy, of that place. Her father has been engaged in merchandising and in the insurance business at Elyria for forty years or more. Mrs. Pomeroy is active in social, church and charitable circles, her interest in her own friends never precluding her active labor for the unfortunate ones of the world. Dr. and Mrs. Pomeroy have a son and daughter: Dr. Lawrence Alson Pomeroy, who was born in 1883, was graduated from the Cleveland University School, from Yale College and from the Western Reserve University Medical College and is now interne rn the Lakeside Hospital ; and Gertrude Mary, who was born in 1893 and is a student in the Hathaway-Brown school for girls in Cleveland. Dr. Pomeroy has always affiliated with the republican party and his fraternal relations are with the Masons, his membership being in Forest City Lodge, No. 388, F. & A. M.; Webb Chapter, No. 14, R. A. M.; and Oriental Commandery, No. 12, K. T. He belongs to the Union Club and is a member and trustee of the Plymouth Congregational church. He has traveled in Europe, spending several months in visiting places of modern and historic interest abroad and also in visiting numerous medical centers and clinics, thus coming into touch with the most modern methods of the eminent practitioners of the old world. His 886 - HISTORY OF CLEVELAND life is broad in its scope and its purposes, and high in its ideals. Continuously striving toward perfection, his ability has carried him far beyond the ranks of the many to stand among the more successful few, and today as practitioner, educator and author of medical literature he is well known to the profession. REV. ALEXANDER NICOLESCU, D. D. Dr. Alexander Nicolescu, cooperator pastor of St. Helena's church of Cleveland, was born in Gyergyo-Tolgyes, Transylvania, in Hungary, July 6, 1882, a son of John and Helen (Dobreau) Nicolescu. The father was born at San Miclaushul-Roman, Hungary, in 1839 and died in 1889. In 1863 he wedded Helen Dobreau, who survived him for about seven years, passing away in 1896. Their son, Alexander Nicolescu, acquired his education in the elementary church schools of his native place between the ages of six and nine years, after which he entered the lower gymnasium at Szasz-Regen, there continuing his studies to the age of fourteen. He afterward spent two and a half years in the upper gymnasium at Blaj (Balassfalva), after which he went to Rome and attended the Propaganda Fide College and Polyglotta University, from which he was graduated in 1899 with the Doctor of Philosophy degree and in 1903 with the Doctor of Divinity degree. He was ordained to the priesthood at Blaj, October 30, 1904, by Archbishop Victor Mihalya, an archbishop of eastern India, and held his first mass in the Cathedral of the Holy Trinity in Baj, October 31, 1904. He afterward spent one year in the chancery office in Blaj and for two years and three months was professor of moral and pastoral theology in the Archiepiscopal Seminary in Blaj. On the expiration of that period Dr. Nicolescu came to America, in January, 1908, on two years' leave of absence and accepted the pastorate of St. Helena's church during the absence of the regular pastor, Father Epaminondas Lucaciu, D. D., who had been granted a leave of absence to organize a parish among the Hungarians of Aurora, Illinois. Father Nicolescu is doing good work in Cleveland in the extension of the Catholic influence in the district of the city where he is located. VICTOR E. LOWE. While many men win success, the number is yet so small as compared to the great majority, that the record of such a one is worthy of comment and attention, indicating, as it does, the course that is followed in order to win advancement. The record of Victor E. Lowe is that of one who, recognizing his own capabilities and powers and utilizing his advantages and opportunities, has reached a prominent and creditable position in the business circles of Cleveland, being now secretary of the Comey & Johnson Company. He was born in this city, December 24, 1872, a son of Chester and Evelyn Lowe. At the usual age he entered the public schools, wherein he pursued his studies to the age of fifteen years, after which he had the further advantage of a year in an electrical institute at Hillsdale, Michigan. Returning to Cleveland, he secured a position as bookkeeper with the Nickel Plate Railroad Company but after six months he left to go with the Ammon & Stevens Company, wholesale milliners. For four years he held a responsible position in that house and following the failure of the firm, he became a commercial traveler in the employ of Renwick Brothers, wholesale milliners of Pittsburg, with whom he continued for a year. He next engaged with Comey & Johnson and in 1905, upon the death of Mr. Johnson, was elected secretary of the business, which was reorganized under the name of the Convey & Johnson Company. Mr. Lowe has HISTORY OF CLEVELAND - 889 been very successful in all his business operations and has every reason to be proud of what he has accomplished. On the 20th of May, 1894, Mr .Lowe was married in Clyde, Ohio, to Miss Mary L. Thorpe, and they have one son, Chester N., a bright little lad of twelve years, who is attending the public schools. The family reside at No. 4139 East One Hundred and Fourteenth street. Mr. Lowe belongs to Bedford Lodge, No. 375, F. & A. M.; Summit Chapter, No. 74, R. A. M.; and Oriental Commandery, K. T., thus taking the highest degree in the York Rite. His vote and his influ- ence are always cast for the candidates of the republican party but he has ever been too occupied with business affairs to take active part in public matters. He is widely and favorably known and has many friends not only in this state but throughout the east. GEORGE PIERCE WELCH. A successful business career covering a period of forty-four years has brought George Pierce Welch to a prominent position in the commercial circles of Cleveland where, as vice president of The Sterling & Welch Company he is conducting an extensive business in carpets, rugs, furniture, and interior decorations. He was born in Lowell, Massachusetts, October 12, 1841, and after mastering the branches of learning that constituted the curriculum of the public schools there entered Williston Academy at Williston, Vermont. On the 20th of August, 1862, when twenty years of age, he responded to his country's call for military aid and joined the boys in blue in Company D, Tenth Vermont Infantry. He was promoted to sergeant major January 1, 1863, and on the 3d of March, 1864, was commissioned second lieutenant, while on the 9th of August, 1864, further promotion made him first lieutenant of Company K. He took part in the campaign at Arlington Heights and was ac- tively engaged in the battles of the Wilderness, Spottsylvania, Spottsylvania Court House, Bloody Angle, North Anna River, Topopotomy, the battles around Cold Harbor, Bethesda Church and before Petersburg. He was present in the engagement at Weldon Railroad, at Ream's Station and Snicker's Gap, was in Sheridan's Shenandoah Valley campaign and participated in the battles of Strasburg, Summits Point, Charlestown, Leetown, Smithfield, Opequan, Winchester, Fisher's Hill, Mount Jackson and Cedar Creek. On the 19th of October, 1864, he was severely wounded at Cedar Creek and because of disability caused by the wounds received in action was honorably discharged on the 5th of January 1865. On the 19th of May following he was reappointed first lieutenant and adjutant of the Tenth Vermont Infantry and was mustered out at Washing- ton, D. C., June 28, 1865. Mr. Welch at once returned to his home in New England, And in September of the same year came to Cleveland, where he has since been engaged in business. For a brief period he was in the employ of others and in 1867 became a partner in the carpet, drapery and rug house of Beckwith, Sterling & Company. This subsequently became The Sterling & Welch Company with Mr. Welch as vice president, in which position he has since continued. Theirs is the largest exclusive carpeting and drapery house in the state and their annual sales reach a large figure, while their stock contains fine specimens of domestic and foreign manufacture. Mr. Welch is also a trustee of the Society for Savings and is interested in other financial and business enterprises, all of which profit by his sound judgment, business insight and unfaltering enterprise—qualities that have made him a leader in the commercial activity of Cleveland. On the 25th of June, 1873, at Woburn, Massachusetts, Mr. Welch was married to Miss Maria Howard Oliphant, a daughter of James W. and Maria (McAllister) Oliphant, of that place. Mrs. Welch died March 1, 1905, leaving a 890 - HISTORY OF CLEVELAND son, Henry James, who is associated with his father in business. The family residence is at No. 8806 Euclid avenue. Mr. Welch gives his political endorsement to the republican party but has never been an aspirant to office. He belongs to the Chamber of Commerce and is interested in its various movements for municipal progress. He is a member of the Union, Country, Colonial and Euclid Clubs. On the 5th of December, 1883, he was elected by the Ohio Commandery a member of the Loyal Legion No. 122, Insignia No. 2036, and a few years ago was elected senior vice commander of the order. Such in brief is the life history of George Pierce Welch, one of the best known merchants of Cleveland, having a military and business record that any man might be proud of. He has never made engagements that he has not kept nor incurred an obligation that he has not met. The methods that he has followed in his career commend him to the confidence, good will and thorough respect of his business associates and contemporaries. ABNER H. BEDELL. Abner H. Bedell, who is a conspicuous figure in the business and social life of Cleveland, was born in Shalersville, Ohio, July 29, 1872, and is a son of H. C. and Sarah L. Bedell. The father was well known in insurance circles, for he had established an important business in that line in Cleveland. He died about twenty years ago, and his wife is also deceased. In the public schools of Cleveland Abner H. Bedell obtained his education, and when he put aside his text-books he became associated with Mr. Stafford. who, after the death of Mr. Bedell, Sr., had bought the insurance business he had established. He has since been connected with that firm and as the years have passed he has steadily advanced on the road of success. He was made a member of the firm of 0. M. Stafford & Goss Company, who deal in general insurance and have offices at 601-607 Century building, and became secretary and treasurer of the company. He was also made treasurer of the Coventry Road Land Company, of Shaker Heights, and in February, 1910, was elected president of the Cleveland Fire Insurance Exchange. Mr. Bedell is a well known figure in the club life of Cleveland. When the Athletic Club of this city was organized he was elected treasurer and in this capacity has been instrumental in enlarging the scope of its activities and promoting its success, while he is also conspicuous In the life of the Hermit, Union, Euclid and Mayfield Country Clubs. During the Spanish-American war he served as quartermaster in the Tenth Ohio Volunteer Infantry with the rank of captain and previously had been paymaster of the Ohio Battalion Naval Reserves. In exercising his right of franchise he steadfastly adheres to the principles of the republican party, ever casting his ballot for its men and measures but has never cared to enter the arena of public life. A man of unquestioned integrity, of energy and of business sagacity, he is also endowed with those attractive social qualities, among which may be mentioned his geniality and tactfulness, that make him popular among the constantly increasing circle of his friends. ERNEST J. BAGNALL. Ernest J. Bagnall, a prominent and well known representative of the business interests of Cleveland, has for the past ten years acted as manager of the Adams-Bagnall Electric Company at No. 7218 Stanton avenue. He was born in Wednesbury, England, on the 5th of August, 1855, his parents being Thomas HISTORY OF CLEVELAND - 893 and Hannah Bagnall. The maternal grandfather, John Johnson, who was likewise a native of Wednesbury, England, passed away in 1868. He was actively engaged as a mining operator throughout his entire business career. Thomas Bagnall, the father of our subject, was born in Sherfield, England, on the 31st of December, 1824, and in the year 1858 crossed the Atlantic to the United States. From New York city he made his way to Troy, New York, and there followed farming for about a year, when he came to Cleveland, Ohio. Here he devoted his attention to general agricultural pursuits until the time of his retirement in 1906, winning a gratifying measure of success in his farming operations. Ernest J. Bagnall obtained his education in the public schools of Cleveland, Ohio, and Vineland, New Jersey, continuing his studies until he had attained the age of seventeen years. Returning to Cleveland at that time, he was here en- gaged in business as a florist for a year and later began work as an apprentice for the Novelty Iron Works, with which concern he remained for five years. Subsequently he was with the Cleveland Machine Company for two years and afterward had charge of the machine shop of the Brush Electric Company for five years. At the end of that time he went to St. Louis, Missouri, where he leased the electric lighting plants, successfully operating the same for ten years. On again returning to Cleveland he organized the Adams-Bagnall Electric Company, of which he has served as manager for the past ten years; and under his capable direction the business has been gradually expanded and developed until it is now one of extensive proportions. As a companion and helpmate on the journey of life Mr. Bagnall chose Miss Anna M. Dutton, whom he wedded in this city. She is a daughter of Mr. and Mrs. William P. Dutton and granddaughter of Jacob and Susan Dutton, early settlers of Cleveland and prominent "Friends." Mr. and Mrs. Bagnall are the parents of three children, as follows : Alonzo E., who is manager of a poultry farm in New Jersey; Ethel M., who is now attending the Ogontz Private School at Ogontz, Pennsylvania; and Walter D., fifteen years of age, who is a student in the University school of Cleveland. The family residence is at No. 2049 East One Hundredth street. In his political views Mr. Bagnall is a stanch republican, while his religious faith is indicated by his membership in the Presbyterian church. He is a mem- ber of the Chamber of Commerce and also belongs to the Colonial Club, the Cleveland Athletic Club, the Euclid Club, the Electrical Engineers Club, the American Society of Electrical Engineers and the National Geographic Society. In these various relations he has gained the warm friendship, and regard of many with whom he has been brought in contact, while in business life he has gained that success which comes from close application, industry, capable management and honest endeavor. EDWIN McEWEN. Edwin McEwen, who is secretary and treasurer of the F. B. Stearns Com- pany, in which connection he largely has the direction of ts financial interests, was born in Youngstown, Ohio, October 22, T868. He is a son of Thomas R. and Calista (Oviatt) McEwen, the latter a daughter of Samuel Oviatt. The former is a native of Trumbull county, Ohio, and a son of one of its pioneer farmers. In his youthful days Thomas R. McEwen came to Cleveland, where he took up the study of pharmacy, afterward engaging in the drug business in Youngstown, Ohio, for a half century, his name becoming inseparably inter-woven with the commercial history of that city. He still maintains his residence in Youngstown but is now living retired in the enjoyment of well earned rest and ease. 894 - HISTORY OF CLEVELAND In the public schools of his native city Edwin McEwen pursued his education through successive grades until he was graduated from the high school with the class of 1887. Following his graduation he entered the employ of Cartwright, McCurdy & Company and advanced through various positions with this concern and its successors until 1899, at which time the property was sold. Mr. McEwen had risen to the position of secretary of this corporation, which was known as the Union Iron & Steel Company, and so continued until they sold out to the United States Steel Corporation. In 1905 he removed to Cleveland to become a member of the F. B. Stearns Company, of which he was elected secretary and treasurer. This company has made for itself a most creditable name in connection with the manufacture of automobiles and since his removal to Cleveland Mr. McEwen has had the direction of the company's financial interests. He has also taken active part as well in placing "The Stearns" among America's most perfect motor cars. The house always holds to a high standard in its personnel, m its product and in the character of service rendered to the public and that "The Stearns" car has become a favorite, owing to the perfection of its workmanship, is attested by the rapidly increasing sale which the house now enjoys. On the 8th of June, 1905, Mr. McEwen was married to Miss Mabel Davey, a daughter of Thomas E. and Ada (Holland) Davey, of Youngstown, Ohio. They have one child, Dorcas, who is with them in an attractive home at East Cleveland. Mr. McEwen enjoys motoring and golf, to which he largely devotes the hours not demanded by his business. The steady progress which has characterized his life has felt the spur of laudable ambition and has carried him steadily forward toward the goal of success. H. Q. SARGENT. The spirit of enterprise which has been the dominant force in the business record of H. Q. Sargent finds tangible evidence in the extensive business of the Sargent Photo Supply & Manufacturing Company, which was established by him in 1870 and which, m intervening years, has been developed into one of the more extensive productive industries of Cleveland. Mr. Sargent, who has been the presrdent since the incorporation of the business, was born in Tam- worth, New Hampshire, September 28, 1838, and although he has passed the Psalmist's allotted span of three score years and ten he is still the active head of the enterprise. His father, Joel Sargent, was a native of Maine and of Scotch and English descent. He devoted his life to farming and died in 1855 at the age of sixty-two years. The mother, in her maidenhood Hannah K. Boyd, was a native of Maine and passed away in 1845 at the age of fifty years. H. Q. Sargent is the youngest of eleven children and is the only one now living with the exception of his brother, Charles C. Sargent, a resident of Emery, South Dakota. Throughout his boyhood to the age of seventeen years he continued a resident of Tamworth, attending the public and select schools of that place. In 1855, following his father's death, he was sent to the New Hampton Literary and Scientific Institution, where he prepared for college, being graduated in the class of 1858. It was his expectation to enter Yale, but impaired health prevented him from carrying out this plan and he turned his attenion to teaching, which profession he followed in the grammar schools of Franklin and Attleboro, Massachusetts, until 1862. Then came a radical change in his life for he left the seclusion of the schoolroom to take his place upon the battlefields of the south, enlisting in the Union army as a private of the Twelfth Regiment of New Hampshire Volunteer Infantry. Before proceeding to the front he was appointed second lieutenant and went to the south with that rank. He served until the close of the war in 1865 HISTORY OF CLEVELAND - 897 and when mustered out was senior captain of his regiment. He was actively engaged in the battles of Fredericksburg, Chancellorsville, Gettysburg and Wap- ping Heights and was on staff duty for some time, being thus connected with General Marston, General Hinks, and Major General Devens, who was after- ward attorney general of the United States. Mr. Sargent was wounded at Chancellorsville, and was in the hospital for several weeks. He had the honor of being in command of the first infantry troops which entered the city of Richmond. His entire army record was a most honorable one of which he and his descendants may be justly proud. After the war Mr. Sargent returned to New Hampshire, where he engaged in manufacturing and mercantile business until 1869, his location being at New Hampton. In the year designated he received an appointment to a position in the treasury department at Washington, D. C., where he remained until January, 1870, when a very attractive business offer influenced him to come to Cleveland and and engage in the photo supply business. Arriving in this city, he established his present enterprise under the firm name of H. Q. Sargent & Company, and with the passing years the trade has continually increased until the name of Sargent has a world-wide reputation in connection with photographic supplies. In 1907 the business was incorporated under the name of the Sargent Photo Supply & Manufacturing Company, H. Q. Sargent being elected its president. Thus for forty years he has been the active head of the concern, directing its in- terests and controlling its development, and the business is a monument to his ability, keen sagacity and commercial honor. He has also for many years been identified with the Union Savings & Loan Company, of which for the past ten years he has been the president. He is also interested in several suburban railroads and is one of the directors of the Cleveland & Southwestern Railway Company. Regarding business as but one phase of existence, Mr. Sargent has found time and opportunity to cooperate in many movements relative to the public good and at the same time his appreciation of the social amenities of life is evidenced in his connection with various clubs and fraternal organizations. In 1892 the legislature passed a law abolishing the old board of education and creating a new board which gave school directors unusual powers. At that time Mr. Sargent at the solicitation of friends became a candidate for the office of school director and was elected for four successive terms, serving from 1892 until 1900, his activity and influence constituting most potent elements in the betterment of the public schools of this city. His active interest in all public affairs relative to the city's growth and development has been manifest in his cooperation with the various measures which are a matter of civic virtue and civic pride. A republican in his political belief, he has long been an active and effective worker in the local ranks of the party. He belongs to the military order of the Loyal Legion by virtue of having served as an officer in the war and is also connected with the Grand Army of the Republic. He likewise is identified with the various branches of Masonry, belongs to the Knights of Pythias fraternity, to the Chamber of Commerce and to the Tippecanoe Club. Since taking up his abode in Cleveland he has been a member of Trinity cathedral. Mr. Sargent resides at No. 2098 East Thirty-sixth street, where he owns ?,n attractive home. He was married in Boston, Massachusetts, by the Rev. Dr. Eddy, on the 28th of June, t860, to Miss Eliza E. S. Drew, a daughter of John Drew, of New Hampshire, and a descendant of Revolutionary ancestry on both sides. The death of Mrs. Sargent occurred May 15, 1908, and she is sur- vived by her husband and two children : Mabel, now the wife of Alfred A. Guthrie, an attorney at Albany, New York ; and Grace C., the wife of the Rev. Arthur Dumper, rector of St. Paul's Episcopal church at Norwalk, Ohio. Aside from his business interests the feature which stands out most prominently in the life record of Mr. Sargent is his identification with educational in- 898 - HISTORY OF CLEVELAND terests and his active support of all progressive measures in connection therewith. This work alone would entitle him to representation with the leading residents of Cleveland whose work has been of benefit to the city. While a progressive spirit has characterized all that he has done he is, moreover, a gentleman of the old school in as far as the expression stands for refined courtesy and deference for the opinions of others. CHARLES F. KURZ. The man who recognizes opportunity and then bends every energy toward the accomplishment of his purpose wins success. There is no secret method by which prosperity is attained. Its basis is always effort—unrelaxing effort—a statement which finds verification in the life record of Charles F. Kurz and thousands of other successful men. He is today secretary and treasurer of the Cleveland Store Fixture Company, one of the most extensive manufacturing enterprises of this city. He possesses the ability to execute carefully formulated plans, to coordinate forces and to bring seemingly dissimilar elements into a unified whole and these qualities have been substantial factors in the splendid success of the company which he officially represents. Mr. Kurz was born in Norwalk, Ohio, in February, 1867, and came to Cleveland in 1872. His father, John G. Kurz, was a native of Wurtemberg, Germany, and on coming to America at the age of fourteen years settled in Cleveland. Later he went to Norwalk, where he was superintendent for the Domestic Sewing Machine Company until the business was removed to Cleveland. He then returned to the latter city and remained in charge of the factory until 1903, when he closed a long and useful business record by retiring to private life. His wife, who bore the maiden name of Agatha. Wehrle, was born in the Black Forest of Germany and when fourteen years of age crossed the Atlantic to the United States in company with her aunt. She located in Cleveland and here gave her hand in marriage to John G. Kurz in 1864. Her father, Peter Wehrle, was an innkeeper and butcher in Germany and lived to attain the advanced age of ninety-three years. Charles F. Kurz attended the public schools to the age of fifteen years, after which he entered the Spencerian Business College of Cleveland, where he continued his studies to the age of nineteen years. Thus well qualified for life's practical and responsible duties, he formed a partnership with his employer, Mr. Hand, under the firm style of Hand & Kurz, for the purpose of selling and manufacturing show cases and store fixtures. This business was continued with growing success until 1889, when they consolidated their interests with the firm of B. G. Deericks & Company and the new name of the Cleveland Store Fixture Company was adopted. The growth of this business has been steady and substantial until today it is without doubt the largest enterprise of the kind in the country. They turn out complete the interior fittings and embellishments of stores and today have an extensive five-story building on St. Clair avenue used for offices and salesrooms, and two different factories, one on Case avenue and the other on Hamilton street. Since the establishment of the business under the present style in 1889, it has grown and expanded until today no company in the United States is in possession of so complete a factory plant fitted with up-to- date machinery and appliances. Their capacity has been greatly increased until they now have a daily output of one complete commercial equipment, making them the leading commercial furniture and fixture manufacturers in the United States. They are not only the architects and designers of artistic store interiors which are pleasing and harmonious to the modern taste, but manufacture also all the necessary fixtures. They are the exclusive manufacturers of the all-glass clampless display case and also turn out high grade refrigerators, soda HISTORY OF CLEVELAND - 899 fountains, cigar store fixtures, mirrors, billiard and pool tables, bank fixtures, wall cases and cabinets and counters and shelving for every line 0f business. They carry in stock enough ready made store fixtures to completely fit up one hundred places of business within forty-eight hours. In the conduct of therr business the lumber is stocked in the yards, kiln dried and worked from the rough into fine polished furniture and every detail of the work is done on the premises, including the beveling and silvering of mirrors, marble and slate cutting, metal work and the making of art glass and fine German silver. The business is carefully systematized, divided into departments and from one department to another a piece of furniture goes until it is turned out a completed article. The Cleveland Store Fixture Company point with considerable pride to the many stores which they have fitted up throughout the United States, giving evidence of the skill and good workmanship obtainable from the facilities possessed by them in the prosecution of their work. They own and control a number of valuable patents, such as the all-glass clarnpless showcase, iceless soda fountain, tilting grocers' bins and other attachments in the store fixture line. As the years have passed on this concern has absorbed a number of the smaller institutions of the kind in Cleveland, including Hand & Kurz, B. G. Deericks & Company, J. Herig & Son Cabinet Works, Beilstein Cabinet Works, Bloch Billiard Company, Cleveland Billiard Company, A. Hand Billiard Manufacturing Company, Sandusky Furniture Company, National Fixture Manufacturing Com- pany and the National Bar Fixture Works. Under one management a mammoth business is conducted, second to none in the entire country. In Cleveland, in October, 1897, Mr. Kurz was married to Miss Emma Muehlhausen, a daughter of August Muehlhausen, the tanner, who was one of the pioneer business men of this city. They have two children, a daughter and son, who are with them at the family residence at No. 2116 East Ninety-sixth street. In his fraternal relations Mr. Kurz is a Mason and has taken a high degree in the order, being now a member of the Mystic Shrine. He also belongs to the Elks lodge and holds membership with the Cleveland Commercial Travelers, while of the Cleveland Manufacturers' Club he is one of the charter members and is now serving as treasurer. He is also on the board of directors of the National Commercial Fixtures Association of America and is a member of the Manufacturers & Employers Association, the National Credit Association, the Cleveland Credit Association and the Chamber of Commerce. Something of the nature of his recreation is indicated in the fact that he is a member of the Country Auto Club. Aside from his business interests Mr. Kurz finds time for active participation in movements for the public good and is widely known as a citizen of genuine worth, enjoying the good will and high esteem "of all with whom he has been brought in contact. JAMES V. LANDRETH. James V. Landreth, who since 1900 has been manager at Cleveland of the Pittsburg Water Heating Company of Pittsburg, Pennsylvania, with offices at 1018 Prospect avenue was born in this city October 2, 1874, a son of Albert and Katie Landreth. His paternal grandfather, Henry Landreth, a native of Alsace-Lorraine, Germany, engaged in shipbuilding after coming to America. He died in 1890 at the venerable age of eighty two years. Albert Landreth, his son, was born in Cleveland, Ohio, December 17, 1833, and was educated in the public schools, after which he served as steward on a vessel called Annie M. Patterson, occupying that position until 1889, when he turned his attention to carpentering, which business he still follows. James V. Landreth was a pupil in the public schools between the ages of six and twelve years, when he started in business life and for ten years was an