(RETURN TO THE TITLE PAGE) 900 - HISTORY OF CLEVELAND operator with the Western Union Telegraph Company. On the expiration of that period he went to Chicago, where he spent two years in the employ of the brokerage firm of Kennett & Hopkins, but at the end of that time returned to Cleveland, where he became connected with the Monarch Water Heating Company, which in 1900 sold out to the Pittsburg Water Heating Company. He still continues as manager at this point and is one of the most prominent representatives of this field of business in Cleveland. He installed the first water heating plant in the city. The field opened up by him proved attractive to others and he now has seven competitors in Cleveland. He has installed two thousand water heating plants in the city and all castings and all iron parts which are used on the plant are manufactured in Cleveland. A partial list of the persons who are patrons of the Pittsburg Water Heating Company in Cleveland constitutes an eloquent testimony in their favor, for the list includes Harvey D. Goulder, Henry Everick, M. B. Grover, G. Grandin, Huron Road Hospital, George W. Hale, E. R. Hare, F. W. Hunington, G. Keim, Professor A. S. Wright, I. Layman, J. L. Severance, J. J. Stanley, Theodore Schmidt, Lyman Lawrence, Charles Maedje, K. P. Otis, R. G. A. Phillips, Percy W. Rice, F. S. Stranahan, Park building, Herman Schmidt, T. F. Teagle, S. H. Tolles, P. H. Whittington, F. Barstow, George C. Bardens, George Barthal, William Buse, J. A. Wigmore, A. Waycott, T. White, the new factory building of the Warner & Swasey Company, Judge E. J. Blandin, C. Babcock, W. B. Chisholm, A. E. Converse, A. C. Dustin, S. P. Finn, William Gabriel, W. H. Garlock, John T. Gill, George F. Gund, H. E. Hays, Judge J. C. Hale, Dr. W. H. Humiston, R. A. Harmon, Rev. Gilbert Jennings, Theodore Kuntz, I. J. Layton, Barney Mauller, V. G. Marani, Captain A. Mitchell, Calvary Morris, Captain John Mitchell, J. R. Nutt, A. St. John Newberry, Harry New, Dr. H. Pomeroy, Benjamin Rose, W. J. Rainey, W. D. Reise, Dr. J. P. Sourer, F. Squires, B. L. Sullivan, F. B. Squires, J. A. Stevens, I. J. Taplin, R. B. Tewksbury, George P. Welsh, Dan Wertheimer, the Windermere Methodist church, F. Zimmerman, Patrick Calhoun, the Cleveland public bath houses, the City Hospital annex, the Ellington, eight buildings in Cleveland for the Bell Telephone Company, Peter Yensen, and the Rosemont and Curtis apartments. On the 6th of June, 1903, Mr. Landreth was married in Cleveland to Miss Marie Hessenmueller and unto them have been born two children, Marie L. and Elizabeth. Their home is located at No. 1533 Clarence avenue in Lakewood. Mr. Landreth is a member of the Knights of Columbus and the Benevolent and Protective Order of Elks. He also belongs to the Cleveland Yacht Club and the Builders Exchange, while his religious faith is indicated in his membership in the Catholic church. A man of fine executive ability, with an ever ready receptivity for the new and improved, he is to be reckoned among Cleveland's most progressive business men. He is, moreover, a representative of one of the oldest families of the city, for before Cleveland was incorporated his grandparents established their home in what was then a small village by the lake. As the years have gone by the family in the different generations have been active in promoting business development and industrial interests and the position which James V. Landreth now fills is one of responsibility. CLAUDE F. MULLEN. Claude F. Mullen, one of the younger business men of Cleveland identified with industrial interests and now ranking with the foremost concrete contractors of the city, was here born October 12, 1874. In both the paternal and maternal lines he is descended from well known and prominent families. The Mullens were among the early settlers of Chester county, Pennsylvania, while his maternal lineage may be traced back to colonial days. John S. Mullen, the father of HISTORY OF CLEVELAND - 903 Claude F. Mullen, was born in Ohio in 1840 and conducted an undertaking es- tablishment until he retired from active life a few years ago, passing away in July, 1909. Maria T. Wright, the mother of Claude F. Mullen, was born in Cleveland in 1849 and departed this life in 1887. The public school system of Cleveland afforded Claude F. Mullen his preliminary educational advantages and after completing his studies there he attended the Case School of Applied Science, pursuing the civil engineering course to the time of his graduation with the class of 1898. His experiences for the next six years were diversified and gave him insight into several different lines of engineering work. He was engaged as inspector and designer of iron and steel work, as topographer on the deep waterway survey, as resident engineer on dry-dock work, as representative on interurban electric railway work, and as engineer in the development of coal mining property. During this period he was in the employ of A. Lincoln Hyde; James Ritchie; the federal government; Webster, Camp & Lane ; Ritchie & Ruple; and The United States Coal Company. In November, 1904, a partnership was formed and a year later The Masters & Mullen Construction Company was incorporated to carry on concrete construction work. This company is now doing its share of the business of this character and is considered as one of the most conservative and trustworthy concerns in the city in their line. In 1903 Mr. Mullen was wedded to Miss Nellie Mollen, a native of Cleveland, and to them have been born a daughter, Ruth Jeannette, whose birth occurred in September, 1904. Mr. Mullen belongs to the Cleveland Engineering Club, the Cleveland Chamber of Commerce, the Local Builders Exchange and to the Case Club of Cleveland. In religious faith he is a Congregationalist and has for some years been a member of Pilgrim church. A young man of studious habits, he keeps abreast of the times in all matters pertaining to his business, and, being an engineer of acknowledged ability and with comprehensive understanding of concrete construction in every phase, he is a valuable addition to the industrial life of the community. HENRY JOHN GERSTENBERGER, M. D. There is perhaps no profession or department of business so little commercialized as the practice of medicine and there are notable examples of men who, while possessing the commendable desire to obtain a fair measure of success, are yet also actuated by the higher principle of performing service for their fellowmen. Of this class Dr. Henry John Gerstenberger is a notable representative and as the real promoter of the Babies Dispensary he is deserving of the gratitude and praise of Cleveland citizens. Born in this city January 9, 1881, he is a son of John Henry and Clara E. (Schake) Gerstenberger. The father, a native of Medina county, Ohio, was brought to Cleveland in his infancy and here engaged in the mercantile business when he had attained his majority. He continued an active factor in commercial circles of the city until his death, which occurred in October, 1903, when he was forty-seven years of age. He was very active among the Lutheran people, especially in their church work, and his memory is yet revered and honored by all who knew him. He was a son of John Henry Gerstenberger, who came from Germany when about twenty years of age, locating at that time in Cleveland. Later he removed to Medina, Ohio, and there enlisted for service as a soldier in the Civil war, joining the army as a private, while later he was promoted to the rank of sergeant. He died while at the front in defense of the Union cause. The mother of Dr. Gerstenberger was born in Cleveland of German parentage, being a daughter of Henry Schalce, who was also prominent among the Lutheran people of this city in his time. Mrs. Gerstenberger still survives her husband and is yet a resident of Cleveland. 904 - HISTORY OF CLEVELAND In the Zion Lutheran school and in the Sterling public school Dr. Gerstenberger pursued his education and during the last years of that period was a private pupil of the Rev. C. M. Zorn. He then entered Concordia College at Fort Wayne, Indiana, in 1894, and was graduated on the completion of a six years' course in the spring of 1899. The following October he began preparation for a professional career by entering the medical department of the Western Reserve University, from which he was graduated in 1903 with the degree of M. D. He received his first appointment at Lakeside Hospital but owing to illness was prevented from accepting this and instead went abroad in April, 1903: He devoted two and a half years to post-graduate work in Dresden and Berlin, making a study of obstetrics, internal medicine and children's diseases. He thus became particularly well qualified for professional service and upon hrs return on the 1st of January, 1906, he entered upon the private practice of medicine, in which he continued until April 1, 1907. In that year he accepted the position of medical director of the Babies Dispensary and Hospital, in which he has since continued. In speaking of this service Dr. John H. Lowman said of him: "Dr. Gerstenberger began his public work in the children's department of the Tuberculosis Dispensary, for which he was abundantly prepared by his training in Europe. From there he went to the Infants Clinic and when, later, that was incorporated as the Babies Dispensary and made an independent institution, he naturally became its director. At the time he was a practitioner but gave up his practice to devote his time entirely to the work of the dispensary. From a few patients this rapidly increased, assistant physicians were necessitated, and eventually four nurses. The work was carefully organized, a complete system of records and reports was kept and the institution under Dr. Gerstenberger's administration developed into a thoroughly equipped affair. This is the only instance in Cleveland where one man has given his entire time exclusively to a work of this character and probably finds few parallels in America. This plan of conducting a local dispensary affords opportunity for perfect study of cases such as can be obtained in no other way and the results of the work in the dispensary show the great advantages of it. It was the aim of Dr. Gerstenberger to supervise not only sick infants but also the iqealthy infants of the poor; and to this end four branch dispensaries have been estab- lished in various widely separated sections of the city, to which infants of poor families are brought and supervised. By this means it is hoped to have some influence on the general infant mentality. When the Babies Hosprtal is erected Dr. Gerstenberger will probably have charge, and there he will have still greater opportunity for observation and development." Dr. Gerstenberger has been instructor in the diseases of children at the Western Reserve University since 1908 and is a member of the special case committee of the Anti-Tuberculosis League and of the children's committee of the Humane Society. He is a charter member of the Alpha Omega Alpha, a scholarship fraternity, and he belongs to the Cleveland Academy of Medicine, the Ohio State Medical Society, the American Medical Association and the Cleveland Medical Library Association. He resides at No. 2373 Sixty-eighth street, Southeast. In his life professional duty comes before aught else and the work that he has accomplished has gained him a prestige that is well merited. HENRY KELSEY DEVEREUX. A Yale man, "well descended and well bred," Henry Kelsey Devereux is a man of large business interests and of extended social connections. A lifelong resident of Cleveland, he is known throughout the city as Harry K. Devereux to a circle of friends that is coextensive with that of his acquaintances. He has done more than any other one man to promote racing as a sport in Cleveland and HISTORY OF CLEVELAND - 907 when commercial interests claim his attention, he is the alert, enterprising business man, ready to grapple and solve the involved and complex problems that may arise. Mr. Devereux was born October t0, 1860, and is a son of General J. H. and Antoinette (Kelsey) Devereux, of whom mention is made elsewhere in this volume. He attended Brooks Military Academy and then entered Yale, pursuing his scientific course in Sheffield College, from which he was graduated in 1883. Returning to Ohio, he was employed as a civil engineer on what was then known as the "Bee Line,"—The Cleveland, Columbus, Cincinnati and Indianapolis Railway, with which he remained for a few years. He then located in Cleveland and has since been engaged in the railway supply business. He is also manager of the Chicago-Cleveland Car Roofing Company, is a director of the American Sportsman Company and of the Roadside Club Company. Mr. Devereux was the prime moving spirit in organizing the Forest City Live Stock & Fair Company, which built the North Randall trotting track, one of the finest racing plants in the United States, when the old Glenville track was sold to be divided into city lots. Light harness racing seemed to be doomed in Cleveland. This was a time when enthusiasm alone was not all that was needed to save the sport, for it required enthusiasm combined with capital, as a racing plant is an expensive thing to build. Mr. Devereux was the man who took the lead and interested sufficient capital in the project to ensure success. However, it remained for him to show the push and energy, with a constant oversight of affairs, that resulted in the establishing in Cleveland of the model racing track of the country devoted to light harness racing. His entire identification with light harness racing has been as a gentleman driver. He is the most skillful gentleman reinsman in the country, as shown by actual performances. He has never raced for money and has been attracted to the sport only by his great love for horses. His interest began in his early youth. He was not a rugged lad and the physician recommended that he be given a pony and that he should ride all day long. The father heeded the physician's advice and with the pony Harry Devereux soon regained his health, for it kept him out in the air. It also aroused his interest in horses. He soon sold the pony to purchase a horse and again and again made purchases, each one being a little better than its predecessor. The father was also deeply interested in horses and both father and son took pride in the time their horses could make in harness. Moreover, even in his boyhood days Harry Devereux took great pride in the appearance of his horses and after attaining manhood, when his capital permitted it, he began to purchase fine blooded stock. He has owned a number of fine animals, many of which he has bred and trained himself. One in particular, the celebrated stallion, John A. McKerron, he bred, trained and drove to record and over him no one has held a rein to speed but Mr. Devereux. One of the Cleveland papers has said of him in this connection : "Harry K. Devereux, one of the stanchest friends the trotting horse sport ever had in this country, is a man of many titles. Devereux's whole heart and soul are the light harness racing game, and his spirit, knowledge of the game and great love of the sport places him foremost among the solons of harness racing. Mr. Devereux is the backbone of the trotting and pacing sport in Cleveland. His keen perseverance and determination to keep the racing game clean and prosperous are factors so pronounced that his influence is having a great bearing on the uplift of the sport all over the country, and it can be said that to a certain degree the decidedly increased strength in the grand circuit as mapped out for this season is due to his efforts. At present Mr. Devereux has a string of titles that would necessitate the most careful work on the part of an expert accountant to keep in mind. He is president of the Forest City Live Stock & Fair Company, which company built the North Randall track. He is president of the grand circuit, president of the Gentlemen's Driving Club of Cleveland, president of the League of Amateur Driving Clubs and secretary of the American Association of Trotting Horse 908 - HISTORY OF CLEVELAND Breeders. Mr. Devere.ux is now the head of the leading organizations that con- trol both amateur and professional racing." Mr. Devereux married Miss Mildred Abeel French, a daughter of Julius E. French. They have two children, Julius French and Aileen Mildred. Mr. Devereux was a member of the Delta Psi fraternity at Yale and, among others, holds membership with the Country, Roadside and Tavern Clubs of Cleveland. In politics he is a republican where state and national questions are involved but is not a strict partisan and at local elections always selects the best man and endorses the issues which he thinks the most significant and vital in municipal affairs. He has a city residence on Euclid avenue and country homes at Wickliffe and North Randall, Ohio. One of the Cleveland papers characterized him in this manner: He has always been a gentleman in the European as well as the Yankee sense of the word. He belongs to all the clubs. At the race track he wears the smile that won't come off and is popular because of his genial comradeship; and yet he could drop into the lounge of the Albemarle Club in London or an old salon of the Rue Ste. Honore and people would swear that he had been born to the purple." ELBERT HALL BAKER. Elbert Hall Baker, general manager of the Cleveland Plain Dealer, was born in Norwalk, Ohio, July 25, 1854. He is a descendant in the eighth generation of Edward Baker, who came from England with Governor Winthrop and later established his home at Northampton, Massachusetts. The great-grandfather, leaving Northampton, established the family home in the state of New York, whence Theodore Baker, the grandfather, removed to Norwalk, in 1819. Henry Baker, the father, was born in Norwalk and, like his father, learned and followed the tanner's trade. In 1865 he removed to Cleveland, where he was engaged in business for several years but is now living retired, making his home with his son, Elbert H. Baker, at the advanced age of eighty years. His wife, who bore the maiden name of Clara Maria Hall and died in 1892, was a daughter of the Rev. Jeremiah Hall, D. D., who, leaving his New England home in Keene, New Hampshire, removed first to Kalamazoo, Michigan, where he was active as a missionary and educator and thence to Norwalk, Ohio, where he became the head of what was called the Norwalk Institute, a prominent institution of learning in that day. Dr. Hall was later president of Denison Umversity. The Halls, like the Baker family, came of Puritan ancestry. The removal of the family to Cleveland made Elbert Hall Baker a resident of this city when eleven years of age and his education, begun in the public schools of Norwalk, was continued here as a public-school student until he reached the age of sixteen years, when he began providing for his own maintenance as a drug clerk. After three years spent in that position he secured a .situation in a hardware store, where he remained until 1877, since which time he has been identified with newspaper interests. He entered the employ of the old Cleveland Herald as bookkeeper and later became advertising manager, remaining with that paper until 1882, when in the same capacity he went to the Cleveland Leader, where he thus served for fifteen years. He was for ten years a director of the Leader Company. In 1898 he became general manager of the Plain Dealer and has since given his undivided time and attention to the control of the paper in this connection. The newspaper fraternity accords him distinctive prominence as one of its representatives and the Plain Dealer bears evidence of his superior ability in the lines of editorial and business management, to which he gives his attention. Under his guidance the paper has developed in all of its various departments and he is now building a large addition to the present quarters, which will give room for a plant three times the present size. HISTORY OF CLEVELAND - 911 His business affairs have in no wise precluded active participation in movements for the public benefit and to this end he is a member of the Chamber of Commerce and has served on its board of directors. He is also one of the trustees of the Young Men's Christian Association and president of the board of trustees of the Euclid Avenue Congregational church. No worthy work done in the name of charity or religion seeks his aid in vain, while in many private capacities unknown to the public his labors have been an effective force in promoting general improvement. As a member of the Chamber of Commerce he served as chairman of the committee which brought about the renaming and renumbering of the streets in systematic order, this commendable work being largely attributable to his labors. He is an enthusiastic supporter of the city, a believer in its future, and that his opinions thereof have their basis in fact is indicated in the growth and progress which he has witnessed in all business lines. Since he took charge of the Plain Dealer twelve years ago its business has increased seven-fold and equal advance has been shown in other lines, all of which constitutes a foundation for his opinion that Cleveland will soon reach the million mark. On the 1st of June, 1876, in Cleveland, Mr. Baker was married to Miss Ida A. Smith, a daughter of the late Pardon B. Smith, at one time prominent in Cleveland. Their family numbers three sons and a daughter. Mr. Baker belongs to the Colonial and the Cleveland Athletic Clubs but his interest centers in the home rather than in club life and in public welfare rather than in society circles. He might well be termed a practical optimist, for while greatly interested in and desirous of Cleveland's rapid growth, he puts forth effective effort as a cooperant factor in attaining this result and while he has refused offers of public office and public trust, he yet exerts a most strong and beneficial influence for the public good. CARL ANDERS. The growth of the city, with its consequent burldrng operations, has been the means of drawing to Cleveland many men who have found ample opportunity to exercise their skill and genius in carpentering and building. Widely known because of his work as a contractor, Carl Anders is a worthy representative of industrial interests in the Forest city. His father, Carl Anders, Sr., was born in Germany about 1830, and came to America in 1881, at which time he took up his abode in Cleveland, where his remaining days were passed, his death occurring in 1889. In early manhood he had wedded Marie Scheel, who was born in Germany in 1831, and died in December, 1906, surviving her husband for seventeen years. In the fatherland Carl Anders pursued his education, being indebted to the public-school system of that country for the advantages which he enjoyed. He afterward learned the carpenter's trade before crossing the Atlantic with his father. After arriving in Cleveland he entered the employ of Charles Pfeil, a carpenter, with whom he remained for some time but, desiring that his labors might more directly benefit himself, he resolved to begin contracting and in 1883 joined a partner, with whom he was associated until the partner's death. His sons were then admitted to the firm and the business has been one of constant and substantial growth. There are many evidences of his skill and ability in substantial structures in Cleveland. He was awarded the contracts for the erection of the Hudson and Bailey buildings, St. Luke's Hospital and of numerous factories and society buildings. He has also been vice president of the Pilsener Brewing Company since 1893 but is more widely known through his building operations as a contractor. Mr. Anders was married to Miss Caroline Reimers, a native of Chicago, and they have become parents of eight children, all of whom are living, namely: 912 - HISTORY OF CLEVELAND William J., Martin, Julia, Carl, Fred, Rose, Lydia and Caroline. Mr. Anders belongs to the Masons Supply Company and to the Builders Exchange, and in more strictly fraternal relations is connected with the Masonic fraternity, exemplifying in his life the beneficent and helpful spirit of the craft. He was a young man of twenty-two years when the family came to the new world, so that almost the entire period of his connection with business interests has been spent in Cleveland, where his steady progress proves his ability and his trustworthiness. LEWIS T. KRATZER. Lewis T. Kratzer, who now enjoys the honor of being the oldest exclusive dealer in poultry and eggs in Cleveland, is also one of its solid business men and most reliable citizens. He is most conveniently located at 3806 West Thirty-fourth street. His birth occurred in Allegheny, Pennsylvania, March 15, 1867, being a son of Lewis and Verena Kratzer. The mother is still living, making Cleveland her home, but the father died in 1906 in this city. When only six months old Mr. Kratzer was brought to Cleveland by his par- ents and has made this his home ever since, becoming thoroughly identified with its best interests. He was educated in the public schools, attending until 1882, when fifteen years of age. Following this he farmed until he was twenty-one and then embarked in a flour mill business, continuing it until 1893, when he com- menced handling poultry and eggs, and was so successful from the start that he has kept to this exclusive line, distancing all competitors. On December 6, 1886, Mr. Kratzer married Lenore A. Naylor, of Spencer, Medina county, Ohio, a daughter of Jacob Naylor, one of the prosperous farmers of that locality. Mrs. Kratzer died five lyears ago, leaving. a son, Clayton W., now sixteen years of age. Mr. Kratzer later married Marie M. Sternacker, by whom he has a son, Gordon L., now three years old. One daughter, Lillian G., died in 1903. The elder son is a student of the Young Men's Christian Association business classes. As a republican, Mr. Kratzer limits his politics to casting his vote for the candidate of his party, not caring for public life. He belongs to Halcyon Lodge, A. F. & A. M. An excellent business man, he has given the best of his energies to building up his trade and is rewarded by the confidence people place in him and his business ability. He finds his chief recreation in shooting, fishing and motoring. BURGET MINOR. Burget Minor was a native of Connecticut, but after leaving New England went to Maryland and at an early day arrived in Ohio. There were no railroads across the country and the journey was a long and arduous one over roads that were but slightly improved and which in this instance led over the mountains and through almost impenetrable forests. He traveled with an ox team and settled near Youngstown. His business ability was manifest in mechanical lines and when a young man he came to Cleveland to do some work on the Old Stone church, fixing the belfry and executing other service of a similar character on that old house of worship. He was a contractor and builder throughout his entire life and was closely associated with the early improvement of the state along such lines. He lived for many years at Van Wert, Ohio, and not only contributed to the upbuilding of the town through his work as a contractor but was also very active in public affairs there. In 1902 he returned to Cleveland to live with his granddaughter, Mrs. Clara Lawrence, and here passed away HISTORY OF CLEVELAND - 913 March 31, 1909, at the very venerable age of ninety-seven years. He belonged to Tribe No. 27 of the Improved Order of Red Men and was the oldest member living in the United States at the time. In early manhood Mr. Minor had wedded Miss Sarah Ann Hayes, who belonged to the same. family from which came President R. B. Hayes. Unto Mr. and Mrs. Minor were born two children, D. M. and Lydia Ann. The latter became the wife of Charles De Moss but he died during the early girlhood of his daughter Clara, who was reared by her mother and maternal grandfather, Mr. Minor. Having arrived at womanhood, she gave her hand in marriage to William K. Lawrence and they became the parents of five children : C. Ray, William K., Hazel Frances, George Roland and Clara De Moss. Mrs. Lawrence has lived in Cleveland for many years and enjoys a large acquaintance here. She has a beautiful home on Euclid avenue and is prominent in the leading social circles of the city. MATTHEW B. EXCELI Cleveland has always been distinguished for the high rank of her bench and bar, and among its members Matthew B. Excell has won substantial place. He was born in Jackson, Michigan, July 13, 1869. His great-grandfather, Benjamin Excell, came from England in 1830 and settled in Deerfield, Portage county, Ohio. He had followed merchandising in London and after coming to the new ,world gave his attention to farming up to the time of his death in 1872. All of his three sons were preachers of the Methodist Episcopal church. Benjamin Excell, the grandfather of M. B. Excell, became a prominent clergyman of that denomination, spending much of the time in Cleveland. Here he was pastor of what is now the Euclid Avenue Methodist Episcopal church and of the Scovill Avenue Methodist church, and was also located in pastoral work at Warren and Painesville, Ohio. The last ten years of his life were spent as a retired minister at Willoughby, Ohio. He was a strong preacher, being recognized as one of the ablest divines of the Methodist church and his appointments were always of the best. He was born October 7, 1820, and died in April, 1904. His son, John Wesley Excell, was born in Portage county, Ohio, September 20, 1842, and became a contractor and builder of Cleveland, removing to this city thirty-five years ago. He also took much interest in the Methodist church, laboring earnestly for its support and the extension of its influence. He wedded Emily Tayler, who was born in Warren, Ohio, January 22, 1842, and died April 5, 1897. Her father, Matthew B. Taylor, was born in Beaver Falls, Pennsylvania, March 17, 1815, and died in November, 1880. He was engaged in the coal business with Governor Tod, was one of the promoters of the Erie canal and was cashier of the Western Reserve Bank of Warren, afterward the First National Bank and now the Union National Bank, acting as cashier at the time of his death. He was brought to Ohio during his infancy and was long recognized as one of the most responsible financiers of Warren, Ohio. He was a brother of Judge Robert W. Tayler, now on the federal bench for the northern district of Ohio. Their father, James Tayler, was born in Ireland, came to the United States in childhood and settled in Pennsylvania but afterward came to Youngstown, Ohio, where he conducted a tannery, having in his employ at one time the father of General Grant. Matthew B. Tayler removed from that place to Warren, Ohio, when a young man and although he was connected with the coal trade in Cleveland, he continued his residence in Warren, being undoubtedly the most prominent citizen of that locality. The great-grandfather of our subject in the maternal line was George Hapgood, who was born in Connecticut and was the founder of what is now the Warren Chronicle, originally the Western Reserve Chronicle, the oldest whig newspaper in the western world. He came 914 - HISTORY OF CLEVELAND to Ohio about 1810. His wife belonged to the Adams family, of New England, many of whose members won fame. The ancestors came from England in the early part of the seventeenth century and in succeeding generations their descendants have been prominently connected with the public life of various communities. In the schools of Cleveland Matthew B. Excell pursued his education until he completed the work of the Central high school by graduation in the class of 1888. He afterward attended Mount Union College, where he won his Bachelor of Philosophy degree in 1891. During his -college days he had acted as reporter and had also written articles for the Alliance Daily Leader, of Alliance, Ohio, and after his graduation he became editor of that paper. Moreover he took an active part in the public life of the community and in the spring of 1892 was elected mayor of Alliance. Shortly afterward he resigned his position as editor and while serving as chief executive of the city for a term of two years he devoted all his leisure time to the study of law. He then came to Cleveland and was admitted to the bar in 1894. He has practiced alone most of the time since and has made steady progress in his profession. He was for two years assistant director of law for the city of Cleveland, filling the position from 1899 until 1901. He engaged in general practice and has won fame as the defendant in many damage suits for the Cleveland Electric Railway Company, in which he has been very successful. His keen power of analysis enables him to readily understand the points of a case and to apply legal principles with ac- curacy, and as the years go by he has made substantial progress in his chosen field of labor. In politics he has always been a stalwart democrat, active in the work of the party and since the organization of the board of public safety in Cleveland, in May, 1903, he has been its president. This is a mayoralty appoint- ment and Mr. Excell has twice been chosen for the position. He was a dele- gate to the last democratic national convention held in Denver, and has been chosen a delegate to all state conventions for ten years. In the fall of 1908 he was nominated for circuit judge by the democratic party, but with the others on the ticket was defeated. On the 3d of October, 1894, Mr. Excell was united in marriage to Miss Maud M. Amennan, a daughter of James and Rachel (Teeters) Amerman, of Alliance, Ohio. They have one son, Allen J., born May 14, 1896. The parents are members of the Euclid Avenue Methodist Episcopal church and Mr. Excell belongs to the Men's Club of that church and is interested in various lines of church work. He also holds membership in several political clubs and belongs likewise to the Cleveland Athletic, the Whist, the Crank and the Sociological Clubs. He is likewise connected with the Chamber of Commerce, the Cuyahoga Bar Association and the Ohio State Bar Association. Firm and resolute purpose to make the best use of his opportumties and his natural endowments have brought Matthew B. Excell to a creditable position at the Cleveland bar. ALONZO MITCHELL SNYDER. Alonzo Mitchell Snyder, attorney at law of the firm of Ford, Snyder & Tilden, who though engaged in general practice are making a specialty of corporation law, was born in Morrow county, Ohio, July 23, 1865. The family is of German lineage and was established in America by his grandfather, Michael Snyder, who was born at Darmstadt, Germany, and on coming to the United States settled in Pennsylvania, where he spent a few years. He then removed to Ohio, taking up his abode on a farm near Mansfield. His son, George Snyder, the father of Alonzo M. Snyder, was born in Washington, Pennsylvania, February 9, 1835, and is now living in Galion, Ohio. When a young man, however, he removed from the Keystone state to Mansfield, Ohio, HISTORY OF CLEVELAND - 917 afterward becoming a resident of Galion. He had been locally prominent in political circles, serving as a member of the board of education and as a member of the city council of Galion, while at the present time he is a member of the board of tax review. His political allegiance is given to the republican party and his elections have indicated his personal popularity and the confidence reposed in him, for he lives in a democratic city. His business connectron has been along mercantile and financial lines. He is very active in Masonic circles, in which he has attained the thirty-second degree of the Scottish Rite. He married Harriet Mitchell, who was born in Morrow county, Ohio, January 10, 1840, and they became the parents of three sons, the brothers of our subject- being: Frank J., who is engaged in the grocery business in Galion, Ohio, and is also president of the county board of elections ; and Charles A., who is connected with the auditing department of a big steel manufacturing plant at Greensburg, Pennsylvania. Alonzo M. Snyder pursued his education in the Galion public schools, completing the course by graduation from the high school with the class of 1880. In Kenyon College he won his Bachelor of Arts degree as an alumnus of 1885 and also first honors, standing highest in a class of seventy, and in 1887 he completed the course in the Cincinnati Law School, at which time the Bachelor of Law degree was conferred upon him. He began practice in Galion and for a time was alone but afterward became a partner of Sylvester Price under the firm style of Price & Snyder. This was maintained until January, 1888, when his health failed and he went to California, there remaining until May, 1889. He then returned to Ohio and in October of the same year came to Cleveland. Here he entered into partnership with Harry L. Vail as a member of the firm of Vail & Snyder and so continued until 1891, when he became associated with the firm of Squire Sanders & Dempsey. On the 1st of January, 1900, he became a partner in the firm of Ford, Snyder, Henry & McGraw, which relation was maintained for about five years, when Mr. McGraw withdrew and Mr. Henry went upon the circuit bench in 1905. The partnership was then maintained as Ford & Snyder until 1906, when they were joined by Judge Tilden, who had recently restired from the bench, forming the present law firm of Ford, Snyder & Tilden. While they engage in general practice their specialty is corporation law and they number among their clients many prominent business firms and houses of the city. Mr. Snyder was married to Clara Brightman, a daughter of Latham Brightman. His son, Gaylord Kenyon, is now attending Stanford University. Mr. Snyder is a republican in his political views and an Episcopalian in religious faith. He belongs to the Beta Theta Pi Greek letter society and to the Theta Nu Upsilon sophomore society in college. His social relations with Cleveland are represented in his connection with the Union, University and Colonial Clubs, and he is a member of the Chamber of Commerce. For twenty years he has practiced at the bar of this city and is no less esteemed for his professional success and prominence than for his social qualities, which win for him a constantly broadening circle of friends. MATHIAS J. HINKEL. Mathias J. Hinkel, president and treasurer of the M. J. Hinkel Company, wholesale liquor dealers at No. 814 Prospect avenue, Southeast, has continued in this field of business for many years but it does not limit the extent or scope of his enterprise or financial connections, for he is interested in several other commercial concerns. He was born in Cleveland, August 31, 1868, of the marriage of Jacob and Katharine (Sauer) Hinkel, both of whom were natives of Germany. He attended the public schools to the age of twelve years and then became an office boy, entering the service of Townsend, Edwards & Company. 918 - HISTORY OF CLEVELAND That he was faithful and diligent in their employ is indicated in the fact that by successive promotions he was advanced until he finally became manager of the liquor department. He subsequently established a wholesale liquor business for himself on Pearl street and there remained for seventeen years, after which he removed to his present location at No. 814 Prospect avenue, Southeast. Here he has a large liquor store, selling only to the wholesale trade, and the business, conducted along well defined and reliable lines, has secured an extensive patronage. Mr. Hinkel belongs to the State Wine & Liquor Association. He has not confined his attention in business to one single field, for he is now the presi- dent and treasurer of the American Beveling & Art Glass Company and is finan- cially interested in several other enterprises. In 1889 Mr. Hinkel wedded Miss Minnie Willslager, of Cleveland, and their children are : Clarice, Lillian and Satie. Mr. Hinkel attends St. Mary's cathedral and is a member of the Quinnabolo Club. That he started out in life for himself at the age of twelve years and has since been dependent upon his own resources, places him with the self-made men whose business activity, enterprise and commercial probity are manifest in their success. CHARLES EDWARD BENHAM. That Cleveland's commercial and industrial importance has been greatly aug- mented by her splendid port and other excellent shipping facilities is a fact rec- ognized by all. Among those most prominent and widely known in connection with shipping interests is Charles Edward Benham, vessel agent who from the age of nine years has been closely associated with marine transportation and for some years sailed the lakes as master and vessel owner. He was born in Ashtabula, Ohio, September 29, 1847, a son of Samuel and Harriet N. (Williams) Benham, both representatives of old New England families. The father, a native of Middletown, Connecticut, removed to Ashtabula, Ohio, as a young man, and there engaged in merchandising for many years, or until his removal to Cleveland in 1852. He became identified with mercantile interests in this city, being first located on River street and later on Detroit street, where he continued until his death, which occurred in 1897, when he was seventy-seven years of age. During the war he was located in the Northern Transportation building on River street and ship`ped provisions to the army for the government. In his early days he was interested in the vessel business in Ashtabula, and it was during that period that his son, Charles Edward, made his start in the same line. The mother was a native of Weymouth, Massachusetts, who died in 1897 at the age of seventy-five years. Charles Edward Benham supplemented the education which he acquired in the public schools of Ashtabula by a course in Bryant & Stratton Business College at Cleveland. He was only nine years of age when he began sailing on the lakes in the summer seasons, having always a great fondness for the water. During the winter months following the completion of his commercial course, he read medicine with Drs. Boynton and Van Norman for two years and afterward with the latter alone for two years. He likewise attended lectures at the Huron Street Homeopathic Hospital Medical College but with no intention of engaging in the practice of medicine as a life work, his reading being done simply from his interest in the profession. On the 13th of August, 1862, when sixteen years of age, he sailed his first vessel as master of the Industry on Lakes Erie and Huron and from that time forward was in command of vessels of every description. He first became financially interested in shipping at the time he was made master and gradually increased his investments, owning at different times the Henry C. Richards, Queen City, Zack Chandler, C. H. John- HISTORY OF CLEVELAND - 921 son, the Reindeer, George Sherman, and the Metropolis, some of which he also sailed. He was likewise for eleven years the owner of the tug Sampson, the most powerful tug on the lakes. This he sailed for five years. He also owned numerous other tugs and at one time controlled and operated a White Stack Tug Line of seven tugs. He also commanded numerous other sailing vessels and at one time sailed the Ketchum, in which he had an interest, and was, moreover, interested in numerous other vessels, owning the Nahant, H. B. Tuttle and Edward S. Pease. In 1882 he practically left the lakes, but has continued his financial connection with vessel interests to some extent to the present, although he ceased to be actively interested therein when he entered the government service as special deputy collector of customs in 1898. About 1882 Mr. Benham entered the firm of Palmer & Benham, vessel owners and agents, and while associated therewith represented the marine interests of the Mercantile Insurance Company and also looked after the wrecking and appraising of seven different companies. The firm of Palmer & Benham was the first to occupy the Perry-Payne building. Two years later the partnership was dissolved and Mr. Benham became a partner of Captain Joe De Ville. This relation was discontinued in 1897, when the firm became C. P. Gilchrist & Company, vessel owners, the principal partners being C. P. Gilchrist and Charles E. Benham. Alone Mr. Benham conducts an extensive business in marine surveying, appraising, wrecking and looking after the construction of steel and wooden ships. Probably no other man in Cleveland has a wider acquaintance with the various crafts which navigate the lakes or is more competent to speak with authority upon shipping interests. In 1887 Mr. Benham removed his residence to the west side, becoming a member of the water board of the West Cleveland corporation, of which he was chairman until the annexation of the district to Cleveland. He was chairman until the annexation of the district to Cleveland. He was chairman of the West Cleveland annexation committee and also chairman of the joint committee of annexation of the two cities. As a member of the water board he established the same system as used in Cleveland for the tapping of all water lines and also the system of keeping records in the office. Thereafter under the Gardner administration he was a member of the infirmary board and under Mayor McKisson was a member of the city council. During his term of service he acted as chairman of the committee which investigated the books of the Consolidated Street Railway Company to ascertain the cost of carrying passengers. Aside from his private business interests and public service already mentioned he is now the first vice president of the West Cleveland Banking Company, with which he has been connected since its organization. He is likewise interested in various other financial and commercial institutions and enterprises and is the owner of valuable west side real estate. He has been an active member of the Chamber of Commerce for many years and at one time was chairman of the navigation committee and has for a long period been a member of the river and harbor committee. He was appointed by Cleveland to represent the city in the deep water convention held in Toronto and in many other ways has put forth effective and far-reaching efforts for the promotion of public progress. He was elected to succeed Herman Baehr as president of the Cleveland Chamber of Industry when that gentleman was elected mayor of Cleveland and was later reelected, now serving in that position. In organizations which have had for their object the benefit of shipping interests Mr. Benham is also known as senior past grand president of the Ship Masters Association of the Northwestern Lakes. The social side of his nature has found expression in his membership in the Cleveland Yacht Club, the Rough Riders Club and the Tippecanoe Club, and his fraternal spirit has been manifest in his membership in all branches of the Odd Fellows Society, including the grand lodge and also in the Royal Arcanum. Furthermore, he belongs to the 922 - HISTORY OF CLEVELAND Republican Club and was the first president of the First Ward Republican Club, with which he has always been prominently identified, being one of its principal supporters. His activities therefore touch the various interests which constitute vital phases in the public life and his efforts have always been put forth along the lines of substantial progress and improvement. On New Year's Eve of 1867 Mr. Benham was married in Cleveland to Miss Mary J. Prescott, a daughter of William Prescott, of Boston, Massachusetts. Mrs. Benham, who died on the 10th of January, 1899, was very active in charitable and benevolent work and also in Edgewater Rebekah Lodge, No. 264, of which she was past grand president. She was a most liberal contributor to the Old Ladies Home and benevolent institutions. By her marriage she became the mother of five sons and two daughters, namely : Captain C. A. Benham, master of the steamer McGehan of the Hutchinson fleet ; William P., master of the steamer J. J. Sullivan; George E., master of the steamer W. S. Mack ; Robert H., chief engineer of the steamer J. J. Sullivan ; Harrison M., who has attended the Case School of Applied Science and is now oiler of the J. J. Sullivan ; Eva May, the wife of J. W. Karr, of the firm of Karr & Mitchael, dealers in ship supplies; and Jennie M., a graduate of the West high school of the class of 1909. The family reside at No. 9901 Detroit avenue, Northwest, where the home is surrounded by extensive grounds that are adorned with an orchard and gardens. Captain Benham is numbered among the few lake commanders who have not only mastered navigation but have also displayed marked ability in dealing with the financial problems of lake transportation, and through the utilization of the opportunities which have been opened in connection with the shipping interests of Cleveland he has won success that places him in a creditable and enviable financial position. At the same time his has never been a self-centered life but with broad outlook he has cooperated in concerns of public importance wherein the city has been a direct beneficiary nor has he been unmindful of the social amenities of life, which are a source of much happiness to him. CHARLES O. EVARTS. Charles O. Evarts is president of the Evarts-Tremaine Flicker Company and treasurer of the National Union. With a nature that can never be content with mediocrity, he has resolutely pushed forward in the legitimate Lines of business, seeking the just and merited rewards of persevering energy and intelligently directed effort. The firm of which he is now the head controls the largest indemnity insurance business of the city and in other lines Mr. Evarts has been an effective factor in the attainment of success. He was born on the island of Jamaica, July 17, 1847. His father, William H. Evarts, was a native of New York and for some years was connected with the missionary service of the Congregational church in Jamaica, where he died at Brainard Station. He was graduated from the Oberlin College and, determining to devote his life to the work of the missionary, was then sent out by the American Missionary Society and labored for some years in the West Indies. In his childhood days Charles O. Evarts accompanied relatives on their return to the States and his home was established in Carlisle township, Lorain county, Ohio, where he spent his boyhood on a farm. He attended the district schools until fifteen years of age, pursuing his studies through the winter, while in the summer season he worked in the fields. Not content with the education he acquired in this direction, he afterward entered Oberlin College, where he remained as a student for three years. He had taught school during his preparatory course and at length he left college to enter business circles of Cleveland. F0r ten years HISTORY OF CLEVELAND - 925 he engaged in dealing in milk and afterward became an employe of the Standard Oil Company. In the meantime, utilizing his opportunities for judicious and safe investment, he bought property and began operations in the real-estate allotment business, in which he has since been considerably interested, his property deals adding materially to his annual income. On resigning his position with the Standard Oil Company he became a deputy in the county treasurer's office and was later appointed city sealer. He afterward was elected to the office of clerk of the board of health and was later elected city clerk but resigned that position to accept a proffered position in the Woodland Avenue Savings & Loan Company on its organization. There he continued for three years, during which time he established his reputation in financial circles as one competent to handle and control important moneyed interests. He was then elected secretary and treasurer of the Produce Exchange Banking Company and so continued for fifteen years or until 1904. He was also connected for a time, about 1880, with the postoffice, having charge of the registry division under Postmaster Jones. He became interested in the insurance business during his connection with the Woodland Avenue Savings & Loan Company and at times has been a member of the firms of C. O. Evarts & Company, Lauer & Evarts, Evarts & Company, Evarts, Tremaine & Company, the EvartsTremaine Company and now the Evarts-Tremaine Flicker Company, of which he is the president. These changes in firm name have followed a change in partnership relations eventually leading up to the conduct of a business which is now of a most extensive and important character. In 1883 Mr. Evarts joined the National Umon and has now served as its treasurer for over twenty-two years. He also belongs to the Royal Arcanum and has attained the thirty-second degree of the Scottish Rite in Masonry. His membership is with Iris Lodge, F. & A. M.; Cleveland Chapter, R. A. M.; Lake Erie Consistory, S. P. R. S.; and Al Koran Temple of the Mystic Shrine. He was also for many years identified with the Century, Colonial and Masonic Clubs. During the presidential campaign when the name of James A. Garfield headed the republican ticket he served as secretary of the county central committee and later as its chairman. He was elected and served as township clerk of Newburg township and in his political affiliation has always been a republican, believing firmly in the principles of the party and doing all in his power to promote its growth and extend its influence. On the 26th of September, 1875, Mr.. Evarts was married to Miss Josie C. Brown, a daughter of Peter H. and Mary J. (Vreeland) Brown, of Passaic county, New Jersey, but now residents of Cleveland. Mrs. Evarts is prominent in the social club life of the city and extends the cordial hospitality of her home to many friends. The household numbers two children : Frank B., who was graduated from Adelbert College and from the Cleveland Law School and is now secretary to the Hon. Theodore Burton, United States senator from Ohio; and May Belle, who is a graduate of Laurel Institute and is a talented musician, active in social circles. Their home is at N0. 11211 Belleflower Road. Mr. Evarts is fond of motoring, while travel in other ways is also a source of interest and recreation to him. In all of his interests he manifests a contagious enthusiasm and in business affairs inspires his associates with much of the zeal and activity which has ever prompted him in carrying forward his individual interests. GEORGE FRANKLIN HART. Among the younger business men of Cleveland who have already attained notable and commendable success is numbered George Franklin Hart, the treasurer of The Guardian Savings & Trust Company. He was born in Allegan, Michigan, December 25, 1872, his parents being James H. and Mary L. (Stilwell) Hart. The father was with the Lake Shore & Michigan Southern Rail- 926 - HISTORY OF CLEVELAND road from the time of his marriage until his death, being agents for a time at Allegan and later freight agent at Laporte, Indiana, where he passed away November 12, 1888, at the age of fifty-two years. His wife, who was born in the Empire state, is still living in Cleveland. In the public schools of Allegan, Michigan, George F. Hart began his education and later continued his studies in Laporte, Indiana, but put aside his text-books when about fifteen years of age to enter business life as an employe of the banking firm of A. P. Andrew, Jr., & Son, serving as messenger boy until his ability won him recognition in promotion. He remained with that house for eleven years, working his way upward to the positions of teller and individual bookkeeper, a position in that banking institution, because of its small force, of almost unlimited trust and responsibility. On the 1st of February, 1900, Mr. Hart arrived in Cleveland and became identified with the banking business of this city as an employe of The Guardian Trust Company, acting in a clerical capacity in the trust department. During more than ten years' connection with this corporation he has worked steadily upward through all of the intermediate positions, serving for a time as teller, while in January, 1902, he was made assistant treasurer and in February, 1906, was chosen treasurer. He has devoted his attention exclusively to his duties in connection with the banks and is one of the youngest men in a position of similar trust and responsibility in Cleveland. He owes his rise not to any fortunate combination of circumstances or outside influences but to close application and unfaltering perseverance. On the 17th of October, 1894, in Laporte, Indiana, Mr. Hart was married to Miss Sadie Whiting, a daughter of Dr. Samuel C. Whiting, a prominent physician of that city. They have one child, Helen Cornelia, born July 20, 1897. Their attractive home, Maplecliffe, in Lakewood, was erected by him in 1908. Mr. Hart is a member of the Chamber of Commerce and belongs also to the Indiana Society of Ohio at Cleveland. He is treasurer of the Visiting Nurses' Association of Cleveland, and on the 1st of January, 1910, became a member of the board of education of Lakewood, being elected to that position in November, 1909. He and his wife hold membership in the Episcopal church and in politics he is a republican but not strongly partisan. His work is constantly broadening in its scope and m its possibilities, and to extend the former and improve the latter is the task to which he has resolutely set himself. CHARLES H. EICHHORN. Charles H. Eichhorn, who since the 1st of March, 1999, has been the cashier of the Market branch of the State Banking & Trust Company, located at Broadway and Ontario street, was born in Racine, Wisconsin, on the 17th of January, 1859, his parents being Jacob and Clara Eichhorn. The paternal grandfather, George Eichhorn, who was a native of Baden, Germany, came to the United States in 1847 and took up his abode in Cleveland, Ohio, here passing away in 1850. Jacob Eichhorn, the father of our subject, was born in Baden, Germany, on the 6th of January, 1836, and when a lad of eleven years accompanied his father on the voyage to the new world. He supplemented his preliminary education, obtained in his native land, by a year's study in the schools of Cleveland and then put aside his text-books in order to learn the carpenter's trade. He worked at that occupation for several years and afterward entered the service of the Big Four Railroad Company, with which corporation he continued as foreman until January, two, at which time he was retired with a pension granted by the Big Four, having spent forty-five years in their employ. After being graduated from the grammar schools Charles H. Eichhorn became a student in the West high school and completed the course m that institu- HISTORY OF CLEVELAND - 927 tion in 1879, at the age of twenty years. He then removed to Delray, Michigan, where he followed the profession of teaching for three years, on the expiration of which period he came to Cleveland, likewise becoming identified with the educational interests of this city as an instructor in the public schools. In 1886 he was made secretary to the superintendent of public schools, acting in that capacity until 1892, when he was elected secretary of the Brooklyn Building & Loan Association, with which institution he is still connected. On the 1st of March, 1909, he became cashier of the Market branch of the State Banking & Trust Company and has already proved a valuable and capable incumbent in that important position. On the 22d of June, 1894, Mr. Eichhorn was united in marriage to Miss Lulu I. Challacomb, of Cleveland, by whom he has a son, Kenneth C., now five years of age. The family residence is at No. 52 Elberon avenue, East Cleveland. Politically Mr. Eichhorn is a republican and in fraternal circles has attained high rank, being a Scottish and York Rite Mason. He is past master of Halcyon Lodge, No, 498, A. F. & A. M.; past high priest of Thatcher Chapter, No. t01, R. A. M.; past commander of Forest City Commandery; past potent master of Eliadah Lodge of Perfection, second lieutenant commander of the Lake Erie Consistory and past potentate of Al Koran Temple, Nobles of the Mystic Shrine ; and grand generalissimo of the Grand Commandery, K. T., of Ohio. He is likewise a member of Cleveland Council of the Royal League. Cleveland has long numbered him among its well known, prosperous and enterprising citizens and he enjoys the kindly regard and esteem of an extensive circle of warm friends. EDGAR P. WATTERSON. Edgar P. Watterson, the treasurer of the Griffin-Watterson Construction Company, general contractors of Cleveland, was born in this city on the 15th of June, 1857, his parents being William J, and Sarah A. (Ruggles) Watterson. The father, whose birth occurred in Warrensville, Ohio, on the 28th of May, 1830, came to Cleveland when a young man of seventeen years and began learnmg the carpenter's trade with the firm of Cubben & Corlett, contractors. Subsequently he embarked in the contracting business on his own account, being thus actively engaged until 1879, when he purchased a half interest in the tobacco business of J. Schriber & Company. In January, 1887, the firm was consolidated with the Hull, Boesger & Company, and then became the Standard Tobacco Company, of which Mr. Watterson was elected president, acting in that capacity until 1902, when the concern went out of business. William J. Watterson spent his remaining days in retirement, passing away in November, 1905, when seventy-five years of age. He had always resided in this county and was well known and highly esteemed within its borders as a most prosperous, progressive and respected citizen. Edgar P. Watterson attended the public schools until sixteen years of age and then went to Alliance, Ohio, where for one year he pursued his studies in Mount Union College. He then returned to Cleveland and served an apprenticeship at the carpenter's trade under the direction of his father, assisting in the rebuilding of the insane asylum. In July, 1876, he entered the employ of the old Second National Bank (now the Bank of Commerce) as a collector, while later he became bookkeeper, acting in that capacity until May, 1880. At that time he made his way to southwestern Kansas, where he worked on a ranch for a year, and subsequently worked on ranches in Texas and Oklahoma until 1883. In that year he once more returned to Cleveland, and secured a position as bookkeeper with the Standard Tobacco Company, of which his 928 - HISTORY OF CLEVELAND father was president, being thus employed until the 1st of January, 1902. During the following two years he had charge of the office of C. N. Griffin, a contractor, and on the expiration of that period they incorporated the Concrete Steel Construction Company, of which Mr. Watterson was elected secretary and treasurer, which offices he held from the 1st of March, 1905, until May 1, 1907, when he sold out his interest in the business. On the 1st of June, 1907, in association with Mr. Griffin, he organized the Griffin-Watterson Construction Company, of which he was elected treasurer and in this capacity his efforts have since proved a potent element in the success which has attended the concern. As the years have advanced his efficiency has continually increased and he is today recognized as one of the prominent representatives of building interests in his native city. On the 26th of December, 1883, in Cleveland, Mr. Watterson was united in marriage to Miss Sarah Hunt, by whom he has five children. William J., the eldest, is now a young man of twenty-five years. He is a graduate of the Western Reserve University and was center on the football team for three years. He also coached for Hiram College during the season of 1908 and 1909. The other children of Mr. and Mrs. Watterson are as follows: Harlan, twenty-three years of age, who is in the employ of his father ; Leroy, a young man of twenty, who is in the United States navy, on the ship New York; Ralph, eighteen years old, who sailed on the Great Lakes for two seasons and is now an apprentice with the Central Lithographing Company ; and Ruth, a little maiden of eight, who attends the public school. The family residence is at N0. 6316 Hawthorne avenue. In politics Mr. Watterson is a stanch republican, while his religious belief accords with the teachings of the Presbyterian church. He belongs to the Macabees and is also a valued member of the Cleveland Builders Exchange. In business circles his methods have ever been honorable and straightforward and his strongly marked characteristics are such as commend him to the trust and friendship of his fellowmen. ABNER ROYCE. The interests and cooperation of Abner Royce touched so many lines of ac- tivity and usefulness as to make his record one of great worth to Cleveland. His sympathy reached out to all mankind and found expression in the tangible aid which he gate to others in private life or in public affairs. He was born in a little log cabin on the shores of Lake Champlain the 23d of June, 1839. His ancestry extended back through the early period of the republic and through colonial days to Robert Royce, who in 1630 landed at Boston. In his life were manifest many of the sturdy and sterling characteristics of this New England ancestry, and his early experiences were those of the farmer and frontiersman whose opportunities were limited owing to the iso- lation of families in a sparsely settled district. His early education was acquired in a log schoolhouse and with a desire for better opportunities than he had already received he later engaged in teaching in the district schools to secure funds sufficient for the continuation of his studies, this ambition being realized at Baldwin University. His removal to the west occurred in 1845, when his parents brought their family to Ohio, settling in Crawford county, where he remained until after the outbreak of the Civil war. Constrained by a spirit of patriotism, he offered his services to the government but remained with the Union army as a member of the Fifty-fifth Ohio Regiment for less than a year, being discharged on account of ill health. HISTORY OF CLEVELAND - 931 Following his return to the north, Mr. Royce was married in 1863 to Miss Henrietta L. Knapp. In the year following their marriage, Mr. and Mrs. Royce located in Cleveland when Mr. Royce became associated with S. E. Stone in the life insurance business. Some years were devoted to that undertaking and then, branching out into other fields, he commenced the manufacture of flavoring extracts on a small scale in 1879. The new venture proved profitable and with the growth of the business he extended its scope to include the manufacture of perfumes and toilet articles, and with the passing years this undertaking grew to be one of the city's foremost productive industries. In time the business was reorganized and incorporated as The Abner Royce Company, with the subject of this review as its president and chief executive head. Since his demise the enterprise has been successfully continued and rts ramifying trade interests have made it known throughout the entire country. The nature of Mr. Royce was by no means a self-centered one. Few men have so fully realized the obligations of wealth or have been more mindful of their responsibilities to their fellowmen. His nature was essentially charitable and kindly, and he rejoiced m the opportunity of doing good to others. He held membership in the Epworth Memorial church and through its different lines of activity improved the chances of assisting his fellow travelers on life's journey. He was also in thorough sympathy with the beneficent principle of the Masonic fraternity and was an enthusiastic member of Forest City Lodge, F. & A. M.; Webb Chapter, R. A. M,; Cleveland Council, R. & S. M.; Oriental Commandery, K. T.; Lake Erie Consistory, S. P. R. S.; and Pearl Chapter, 0. E. S. He had the unqualified regard and love of his brethren of the craft and he was equally popular and honored in Memorial Post, G. A. R., in which he held membership and in Cleveland Chapter of the Sons of the American Revolution. It has been said of him, "A bright touch of kindliness marked his every act" and that, "In the city's business growth, in its religious activities, and in its development in the spirit of fraternity he had been a constant, unfaltering laborer, bearing an honored part." Mr. and Mrs. Royce became the parents of a daughter and son, Mrs. W. H. Hyde and W. D. Royce. To his family Mr. Royce displayed the utmost devotion, considering no sacrifice nor effort on his part too great if it would enhance the welfare of those of his own household. He passed away December 2, 1903, at the age of sixty-seven years, leaving to his family the rich reward of well directed labor but more than that, the priceless heritage of an untarnished name. Those who knew him best and were most familiar with his nature, rich in its kindly sympathy and generous spirit, may well echo the words : "He was a man. Take him for all in all, I shall not look upon his like again !" MRS. MARY H. SEVERANCE. Mrs. Mary H. Severance, the only daughter of Dr. David Long, the first physician to settle in Cleveland, was born March 1, 1816, in a large log house which stood on Superior street near the site of the present American House, which was later replaced by a brick house. Her parents afterward removed to an ample stone house on Superior, corner of Seneca street, where a garden, with arbor and profusion of flowers, was the playground of her childhood. She and her older brother Solon shared all their parents' counsels in the care of those who came to the home, whether white settlers or friendly Indians. Although idolized, as an only daughter, the hospitality of her parents made the childhood of Mary Helen Long a delightful succession of life-long friendships, which, while pleasant in themselves, taught her lessons of sweet forbearance and gen- 932 - HISTORY OF CLEVELAND erosity. With companions of childhood, she gathered strawberries on the Public Square, watched the arrival of the first stage coach, the first steamboat on Lake Erie, and the first canal boat. She remembered attending the Collamer or Euclid Presbyterian church before regular services were held in Cleveland. A notable reminiscence of her childhood was that of running, at five years of age, into the road to tell to passers by the result of the first census, which attributed to Cleveland five hundred fifty-three inhabitants. There being no adequate educational facilities in the village of her childhood, Miss Long was sent to boarding schools at Warren and Elyria. The great sorrow of early days was the death of her only brother, a young man much beloved in the community. In 1833 she was married to Solomon Lewis Severance, a young merchant from Shelburne, Massachusetts. To gratify her ardent desire for a simple home, her father built the small white cottage on Huron street, a building which withstood all encroachments until the construction of the Empire Theater removed the landmark. With but five years of married life, after the death of her husband, with her two sons, Solon L. and Louis H. Severance, she lived in her father's home, the stone house on Woodland avenue, corner of Linden street. There the family lived until the place was sold to Mr. Erastus Gaylord and Dr. Long removed to the new home just beyond. For more than forty years in this homestead, corner of what was Longwood avenue, but now East Thirty-fifth street, Mrs. Severance was the center of the family life, where she gathered her children, grandchildren and great-grandchildren about her. With failing sight and yet unfailing courage, in her declining years she consented to leave the home of many memories and make a new residence with her sons, Solon L. and Louis H. Severance, at the corner of Euclid avenue and East Eighty-ninth street. At the age of fourteen Mrs. Severance became a member of the First Presbyterian church and sang for many years in the choir. With enthusiasm for every Christian activity, she helped to organize the first missionary society, which equipped with an outfit the pioneer missionary to the east coast of Africa. She became a charter member of tile Second Presbyterian church, and again in 1872 joined with others in organizing the Woodland Avenue Presbyterian church, to which she gave loyal service. Mrs. Severance warmly supported the anti-slavery movement, her sympathies finding practical outlet in work of the Sanitary Commission during the Civil war. She assisted in founding the Protestant Orphan Asylunit and Lakeside Hospital, being a trustee of the latter until the time of her death. For three generations this life was identified with Cleveland's highest interests. Mrs. Severance's bearing was never haughty, and her hosts of friends in- cluded people from every rank in life. Her rare discrimination pierced through all disguises and, with delicious impartiality, she meted out pleasant w0rds and deeds. Her benefactions were so delicately bestowed, that none but the recipi- ent could know the gift or the sweet spirit which prompted it. Mrs. Severance passed away October 1, 1902, in the eighty-seventh years of her age, leaving the full impress of a simple-hearted, clear-minded, public-spirited life, culminating in the hallowed memory of a long, beautiful womanhood. HORACE B. CORNER. Horace B. Corner has for forty years been identified with the Citizens Savings & Trust Company of which he is now the vice president. Through the steady progress that results from close application, well directed energy, persistency of purpose and the wise utilization of time and opportunity he had reached the position of distinction which he now occupies in financial circles in Cleveland, standing with that honored class of American citizenship who are HISTORY OF CLEVELAND - 935 known as self-made men. He was born in McConnelsville, Ohio, June 26, 1846, and is a son of William M. and Mary Trow (Bassett) Corner. His paternal grandfather, Edwin Corner, was one of Ohio's pioneer settlers, belonging to a party of thirty colonists who came from Macclesfield, England, and located at or near Marietta, Ohio. Subsequently he removed to McConnelsville, where he engaged in general merchandising and in the banking business and for a time represented his district in the state legislature. His son, William M. Corner, was born in McConnelsville, January 8, 1822. In 1857 he removed to Cleveland, where he was engaged in mercantile pursuits until his retirement. He died February 16, 1900, and a life of great usefulness was thus ended. His wife, who bore the maiden name of Mary Trow Bassett, a lady of superior education and lineal descendant of William Bassett, who landed from the ship Fortune at Plymouth in 1621. She was educated in the Mount Holyoke Female Seminary, having been a pupil of Mary Lyon, one of the famous women educators of the time. She herself gained distinction in connection with educational interests, being for a time principal of the McConnelsville schools, principal of the Worthington Seminary and also of Howard University at Washington, D. C., and for many years conducted a private school for young women in Cleveland. In McConnelsville she became the wife of William M. Corner and unto them were born two sons : Horace B. and Charles, the latter a resident of Savannah, Georgia. At the close of the Civil war Mrs. Corner became deeply interested in the freedmen's educational movement and for a time was engaged in that work in Montgomery, Alabama. She was born in Hawley, Massachusetts, December 18, 1818, and died in Savannah. Georgia, December 10, 1893, having spent her last years in the south. Horace B. Corner came to Cleveland in 1857, at the age of eleven years, and continued his education, begun in the public schools of McConnelsville, in the public, private and commercial schools of this city, his training being received principally under his mother's personal tutelage. He was one of the first newsboys of the city and at different times in his youth he visited his uncle in Massachusetts and learned something of farming. He subsequently took a position as cashier and bookkeeper in a dry-goods house in Columbus. Ohio, where he remained for two years. Returning to Cleveland he entered the office of the Buckeye Insurance Company of this city, with which he was connected for two years, and on the 1st of February, 1870, he became identified with the Citizens Savings & Trust Company. He was first made teller and bookkeeper, being the original incumbent in the former office. Since that time owing to various promotions, he has served successively as secretary and treasurer, director, member of the finance committee and in 1903 was elected vice president-his present position. For forty consecutive years he has been continuously connected with this bank, which at the outset had not more than fifty customers a day while at the present time it annually serves over three thousand daily and is now probably the largest financial institution in the state. In point of service Mr. Corner is the second oldest bank official in the city and no man is more honored and respected in financial and business circles, not only by reason of what he has achieved but also through the honorable, straightforward methods which he has ever followed. He has other interests and has been at times associated with many of .the city's financial enterprises. On the 26th of November, 1884, Mr. Corner was married in Cleveland to Miss Amelia Coolman Ranney, a daughter of Henry C. and Helen (Burgess) Ranney. Mrs. Corner is very active in church and philanthropic work. She was born in Warren, Ohio, August 7, 1855, and during her childhood days came to Cleveland with her parents. She is the mother of two sons : Kenneth Ranney, who was educated in the Cleveland public schools and the University School ; and Horace Ranney, who pursued his education in the University School and Williams College, Massachusetts. The family residence is at No. 1895 East One Hundred and Fifth street. 936 - HISTORY OF CLEVELAND Mr. Corner has never allowed personal interests 0r ambition to dwarf his public spirit or activities and has cooperated in many movements for the general good. He belongs to the Chamber of Commerce and endorses all of its measures for the upbuilding of the city. He belongs to the Union Club and was for two years the president of the Colonial Club. His political allegiance is given to the republican party. He finds recreation in motoring and travel, having made various tours abroad. A cultured mind, combined with strong intellectual powers with which nature endowed him, has given him keen appreciation of the riches of literature. As a financier he occupies a most honored position among Cleve- land's business men. ALBERT C. BUELL, M. D. Dr. Albert C. Buell, a Cleveland physician, successful in his practice and not unknown as a contributor to medical literature, was born in Northfield, Ohio, January 18, 1851. The Buell family is of Scotch origin and was established in Vermont in early colonial days. The father, David C. Buell, was a native of St. Albins, Vermont, born November 27, 1820, and about 1837 he became a resident of Hudson, Ohio. Soon afterward he removed to Northfield, that state, where he spent the last fifty years of his life, devoting the great part of that time to carpentering and contracting. He was one of the early settlers and was moreover a hard-working, industrious man, successful in business and of high standing in the community. He married Harriet E. Chapman, who was born in Hudson, Ohio, August 30, 1825, a daughter of Captain John Chap- man, a veteran of the War of 1812 and one of the best known and most prominent citizens of that portion of the state in which he lived. Mr. and Mrs. David C. Buell were married at Hudson, Ohio, September 28, 1848, and the former died at Northfield, June 15, 1898, at the age of seventy-eight years, while his wife passed away, November 7, 'g00, at the age of seventy-five. Their family numbered three sons and a daughter : Henry, who was with the Standard Oil Company until his death, which occurred August 11, 1902; Emma, who is the widow of Edward Bierce and resides at New Milford, Portage county, Ohio ; Albert C.; and Dr. Edwin C. Buell, a surgeon of Los Angeles, California. Dr. Albert C. Buell spent his boyhood in Northfield, Ohio, where he at- tended the public schools to the age of sixteen years and then began teaching. He was thus identified with the system of public instruction for eleven years, after which he conducted a private school of his own for a year. On the expiration of that period he took up the study of medicine and was graduated from the Cleveland Homeopathic Hospital College with the degree of M. D., in the spring of 1880. He at once located in the Forest city and has now been in practice here continuously for over, thirty years. Before his graduation he became associated with Dr. H. F. Biggar, Sr., under whom he studied for three years, and following the completion of his college course he was associated with Dr. Biggar for some time. His attention has been devoted to the general practice of medicine and surgery and he was instructor in the Homeopathic College Training School for Nurses for two years. He has frequently been requested to accept chairs in the Homeopathic College but has always declined, feeling that the interests of his private practice make sufficient demand upon his time. He has been an occasional contributor to medical literature and in strictly professional lines is connected with the Cleveland Homeopathic Medical Society, the Ohio State Homeopathic Medical Society and the American Institute of Homeopathy. Dr. Buell has also become interested to some extent in financial enterprises and is president of the Chippewa Lake Club Company with properties at Chip- HISTORY OF CLEVELAND - 939 pewa Lake, Ohio, and in several other enterprises. He belongs to the National Geographical Society and to the Cleveland Athletic Association. He is also a member of the Pioneer Society 0f Ohio and of the Cleveland Gun Club. A lover of outdoor sports and an ardent hunter he has gone on shooting trips in all of the states and territories of the Union and in many foreign lands lying to the north, spending the last season in Newfoundland. He has many trophies of the hunt, among which is one of the finest moose heads in the country. He is also the possessor of a fine collection of antiquities, gems, relics and rare specimens of various kinds which indicate the breadth of his interest and the extent of his reading and his research. On the 20th of November, 1878, Dr. Buell was married in Cleveland to Miss Ada A. Waite, a daughter of Benjamin Waite, of Northfield, Ohio. She was accidentally killed October 28, 1907. She had been active in private charitable work throughout the city and her good deeds and benefactions were almost numberless. In the family were three children but Albert C., the eldest died in 1884 at the age of four years. Clarion is the wife of Herbert G. Cannon, a mining engineer of Cleveland; and Helen married W. B. Woods, a member of the Cleveland bar. The Doctor was married June 9, 1909 to Miss Celia O. Barens, of Cleveland, the daughter of John Barens, of Tiffin, Ohio, well known for his mechamcal abilities. Dr. Buell is one of the old-time family physicians, plain and unpretentious but genial and courteous in manner, and of a broad and cultured mind. These qualities have won him warm friendships and gained him firm hold on the affection of the many with whom he has come in contact. J. ARTHUR HOUSE. J. Arthur House, a man of prominence, well known in financial circles, needs no introduction to the readers of this volume, for as secretary of the Guardian Savings & Trust Company he is recognized as a leading factor in financial circles. Moreover, he has always maintained his home in this locality, his birth having occurred in East Cleveland, October 20, 1871. He comes of one of the worthy pioneer families of the Western Reserve, his ancestors removing from Connecticut to this state at an epoch when the seeds of civilization were just being planted in Ohio. His father, James W. House, was born at Euclid Creek, now old Euclid, and after attaimng his majority carried on a large and extensive gardening business at East Cleveland until 1880, since which time he has figured in industrial circles in Cleveland as a successful contractor. In the opening year of the Civil war he espoused the cause of the Union and served as a member of the First Ohio Artillery until the close of hostilities, when he was mustered out with the rank of sergeant. He wedded Clara M. Neal, whose people came from Vermont to Ohio in pioneer times. Her death occurred here about five years ago—on the l0th of January, 1905. J. Arthur House was the third in order of birth in a family of eight children, of whom six are yet living, one child having died in infancy, while a sister, Myrtle Plum, passed away in 1903. Those who still survive are: Wesley J., a contractor of Cleveland; Ruel R., of Kansas ; J. Arthur, of this review ; George G., of this city ; Clara, the wife of Harry Randall, of the Citizens Savings & Trust Company, and Hazel M., at home. J. Arthur House spent his boyhood in his parents' home and at the usual age was sent to the public schools, wherein he continued his studies until he left the high school at the age of sixteen years to become a factor in business life, entering the employ of the Nickel Plate Railroad Company as office boy in the office of the commercial freight agent. Later he was transferred to the general office, where he remained for four years. In 1890 he secured a situation with 940 - HISTORY OF CLEVELAND the firm of Pickands, Mather & Company, with which he continued for one year, while subsequently he served for about three years as bookkeeper with the Republic Iron Company. Upon its organization he entered the employ of the Guardian Savings & Trust Company, December io, 1894, and has occupied various intermediate positions until he reached his present place of responsibility. In 1900 he was elected assistant treasurer, serving as such for two years, when he was elected assistant secretary and thus continued for four years or until February, 1906, when he was elected secretary and has so continued to the present time. His connection with the institution covers sixteen years and, with the exception of Charles L. Mosher, he is the only representative that has remained with the company throughout its entire existence. His promotions have come to him in recognition of his capability, trustworthiness and unfaltering industry, qualities which will always win advancement and success. He is also interested in various other enterprises in Cleveland and to some extent has invested in real estate in this city, his property holdings including his own home at No. 11409 Glenwood avenue, which he erected in 1904. On the 14th of June, 1899, in Cleveland, Mr. House was married to Miss Maud M. Mills, a daughter of Francis C. Mills, of Cleveland. They now have two children : Helen Elizabeth, seven years of age ; and James Arthur, a little lad of two and a half years. Mr. House is a lover of outdoor sports, particularly enjoying baseball and tennis and these constitute his chief source of recreation. He is the treasurer of the board of trustees of the Deaconess Home of the Methodist church and is chairman of the finance committee of the Euclid Avenue Methodist Episcopal church. His interest in church work is manifest in his cooperation therein, his labors constituting an element in that steady growth which has characterized the church work here for many years. Many movements relative to municipal progress also elicit his attention and cooperation. He belongs to the Chamber of Commerce, to Woodward Lodge, A. F. & A. M., and to the Union Club and his associates find him a most courteous, genial gvntleman, whose friendship they prize because he stands for all that is commendable and progressive in public life and in individual interests. HENRY H. CAMPBELL. Henry H. Campbell, who in the line of invention has given to the world sev- eral valuable devices and in the conduct of business affairs has displayed an aptitude for successful management, is now well known as a prosperous representative of industrial interests in Cleveland. He was born in New Brighton, Beaver county, Pennsylvania, in 1850, and after attending the common schools began at the age of seventeen years f75 serve a three years' apprenticeship to the machinist's trade, which he completed in 1870. Having thus qualified for business life, he went to Nashville, Tennessee, and secured work at his trade, remaining in that city for two years. Believing that Cleveland offered better opportunities for a young man in his line of business, he came to this city in 1872 and has here remained continuously since, making his mark, as the years have gone by, on the industrial development of the city. His first work here was with the old Cuyahoga Furnace in their machine shops and while thus employed he installed the engine on the Amazon, at that time the largest boat as well as the first twin screw propeller on the lakes. He severed his connection with the Cuyahoga Furnace in the spring of 1873 and became associated with the Cleveland Paper Company, his ability and enterprise there winning him recognition in various promotions until he eventually became president. His first work, however, was the development of machinery for the manufacture of paper boxes. He perfected machines for that purpose that are used in several factories at the present time. The company was also engaged extensively in the manufacture HISTORY OF CLEVELAND - 941 of paper, having four mills in Cleveland and vicinity, of which Mr. Campbell was master machinist and had in charge their construction. One of the mills was a water power plant. To economize on the development of steam power Mr. Campbell and J. W. Brightman began experiments resutling in the construction of a stoaker, which they patented, known as the Brightman stoaker. It was brought out about 1884 and they were pioneers in that business. In the meantime Mr. Campbell had become a stockholder in the company and in 1886 was elected a director, so that from that time forward he had active voice in the management and control of the enterprise. In 1898 he became its president and so continued until its consolidation with the Cleveland-Akron Bag Company. After the consolidation Mr. Campbell remained with the enterprise as a director but gave his attention actively to the stoaker business, which is now owned and controlled by him and his two sons, Henry and Thomas. Their product is used in all countries where steam is generated, meeting a long felt want in the mechanical world and the value of the device is proven by the fact of its universal adoption. In April, 1908, Mr. Campbell became actively identified again with the Cleveland-Akron Bag Company as its treasurer and still continues in that capacity. He is also a director in the Cleveland & Akron Paper Company and since 1901 has been president of the Julier Baking Company. The field of his activities and usefulness has been a constantly broadening one and, long since leaving the ranks of the many who are in the employ of others, he stands today among the more successful few, his abilities having enabled him to become an employer with large and important interests in his control. Mr. Campbell was married to Miss Anna M. Krause, of Cleveland, and they have two sons, Henry Harrison and Thomas M., both of whom are graduates of the Central high school and are associated with their father in the stoaker business, which they now manage and operate. Mr. Campbell is prominent in Masonry, belonging to Iris Lodge, A. F. & A. M.; Webb Chapter, R. A. M.; Holyrood Commandery, K. T.; the Scottish Rite Consistory, in which he has attained the thirty-second degree; and Al Koran Temple of the Mystic Shrine. In a review of his life it will be found that his success is due at least in part to the fact that he has always continued in the line of business in which he embarked as a young tradesman. His growing powers resulting from experience and study, coupled with his laudable ambition, secured his advance until he came to rank with the well known representatives of manufacturing and industrial interests in Cleveland. There has been no esoteric phase in his career nor any secret method for the achievement of success. On the contrary he has advanced in the legitimate lines of trade and that he has gone beyond others who perhaps started out on life's journey more advantageously equipped is due to the fact that he has wisely and conscientiously utilized the opportunities and the talents with which nature endowed him. SAMUEL W. WHITMORE. Samuel W. Whitmore, president of the Whitmore Manufacturing Company. whose inventions have been a notable contribution to mechanics, is now gathering the harvest of his labors in the substantial success which is attending the management of the manufacturing concern which bears his name. He was born at Orange, New Jersey, a son of Samuel McCrady and Levina A. (Cappus) Whitmore, both of whom were of English birth. The father came to America forty-five years ago and died at the age of sixty-nine years. The mother resides with her son Samuel in Cleveland at the age of seventy-one years. The son pursued his early education in the public schools of Geneva, New York, continuing his studies to the age of nineteen, when he felt that he should take his place in the business world and entered a retail .drug store, where he was 942 - HISTORY OF CLEVELAND employed for five years. On the expiration of that period he became a resident of Painesville, Ohio, and an employe of W. F. Smith. He afterward came to Cleveland and entered the wholesale drug house of Keeler & Smith on South Water street, as assistant in the laboratory. Later he went upon the road as traveling salesman, spending a year and a half in that way, after which he be- came connected with the Cleveland Refining Company, for which he traveled for four years. He was next associated financially with the old Eagle Refining Company, of Lima, Ohio, from 1886 until 1892, and since that time has given his attention largely to invention and the management of the productive industry carried on under the name of the Whitmore Manufacturing Company, his thor- ough understanding of mechanical devices and the scientific principles underlying them and his recognition of certain needs in the business world has led to experimentation on his part resulting in the production of Whitmore's Improved Belt Dressing, Whitmore's Gear Protective Composition, Chain Composition, Anti Friction Composition, and Journal Composition. The company of which he is the president is now engaged in the manufacture of these preparations which are finding a ready sale on the market as much, needed elements in mechanical lines. He was for sixteen years the president of the Plomo Specialty Manufacturing Company and was the inventor of the Plomo specialty. In 1888 Mr. Whitmore was married to Miss Ethlinda Stuckenholt, a daughter of Henry Stuckenholt, who was engaged in the cooperage business and made barrels for the Standard Oil Company. Her parents are now deceased. Mr. Whitmore is an adept with horses and also with the motor car and in driving both finds his chief source of pleasure and recreation. He is a veteran member of Iris Lodge, A. F. & A. M.; Cleveland Chapter, R. A. M.; Holyrood Commandery of this city ; and the Mystic Shrine. His allegiance to the teachings of the craft makes him one of its exemplary representatives. He is a member of the Episcopal church and his political faith is that of the republican party. He has made steady and substantial progress in the business world since he entered commercial circles as a drug clerk, gaining in that position the nucleus of the knowledge which, increasing with laboratory and experimental work, has resulted in valuable contributions to manufacturing circles. CAPTAIN THOMAS WILSON. Few, if any, men of his time were better known in the Forest city than Cap- tain Thomas Wilson. He was not only one of Cleveland's foremost citizens but a man who for more than a third of a—century had been prominently identified with the growth and development of the shipping interests of the Great Lakes. He was the founder and managing owner of Wilson's Transit Line, and at the time of his death was the president of the Wilson Transit Company. Captain Wilson was born in Fifeshire, Scotland, on the 3d of October, 1838. His father, Thomas Wilson, Sr., and his grandfather were sea captains, as also were the father and grandfathers of his mother. The Captain himself was thus a natural born sailor and fond of the sea from his earliest youth. When he was three years of age his father was appointed a customs house officer at Gwedore, Donegal county, in the north of Ireland. Thither he removed with his family and there they lived for several years, enjoying the confidence and high respect of the community and of the government. Young Wilson had few educational advantages, attending only such schools as were accessible to him in Gwedore and vicinity, which were not of the highest type. Being, however, thoughtful and ambitious, he became somewhat proficient in the common branches of an English education, sufficiently so as to qualify himself for any business enterprise upon which he might embark. Trained as he was in a home of high mor- ality and Godliness, he grew up to be a conscientious, manly boy, scorning any- HISTORY OF CLEVELAND - 945 thing low and mean. When yet in his teens his father with his family removed to America. On their arrival at New York, Thomas Wilson immediately "shipped before the mast" and spent three years in ocean sailing, visiting numerous distant ports and becoming thoroughly conversant with seafaring life. By ready acquaintance with the duties of the sailor, prompt obedience to his commanding officer and strict attention to all details of his service, he rapidly rose from ship boy to mate and then to master. At the end of those three years of ocean life he began service on the lakes, was first mate, then captain on one lake steamer after another, being always sought for responsible positions and always implicitly trusted with property and life. For about twenty- five years his home was on the lakes, he commanding the finest steamers on that great Transit Line. His employers as well as the public recognized him as one of the most careful captains and he became exceedingly popular with vessel owners and with the traveling public. Captain Wilson, however, began to grow tired of the sea and, having prospered in business, in 1872 he built a boat of his own. This was a fine freight steamer and was named D. M. Wilson, after the beloved boy then just born to him. The D. M. Wilson proved a good venture and the Captain grew ambitious to become more extensively a vessel owner. He therefore soon built another steamer, the Hiawatha, and her consort, the Minnehaha. Not long afterward he built the Tacoma, later Wallula and Kesota and in 1886 built the George Spencer, each of these being large, fine steamers and peculiarly adapted for the lake service. With increasing demand for lake carriers other vessels were constructed from time to time. The last boat he built was the Henry M. Oliver, one of the modern vessels of her day. The Wilson fleet at that time comprised, among other and well known steamers, the Andrew Carnegie, W. D. Rees, Yuma, Sitka, Wallula, C. Tower, Jr., and the Volunteer ; also the schooners D. Z. Nort0n and Yukon. Captain Wilson, was, as well, a man of extensive and diversified interests and prominently identified with financial affairs of Cleveland. He was president of the Central National Bank, chairman of the board of trustees of the old Music Hall Association, vice president of the Lake Carriers Association and a valued member of the Chamber of Commerce. In all business transactions and social relations he was regarded as the soul of honor. No suspicion of lack of honesty or integrity has ever been cast upon him; nor has ever a doubt been uttered regarding loyalty to his convictions. His word by all was considered as good as his bond. On all matters, political and religrous, public or private, he expressed his opinions, if called upon, graciously and fearlessly. He was void of all temporizing, of time-serving plans. He believed in calling everything by its right name and abhorred all compromise of principle for the sake of policy. The sturdy old Scotch characteristics of frankness and fearlessness in him predominated. No man on leaving him was at a loss to know what he thought of the case in hand or how he would deal with matters up for discussion. Captain Wilson had an enviable reputation for honorable success rn business and for unfaltering devotion to principle. His friends were numerous among all classes of citizens, he having won his friendship among the rich by the sterling qualities of his character and among the poor by hrs abounding charities. Being a member of the Masonic fraternity, he was a firm believer in the general freemasonry of man to man. Yet in all of his benefactions he was exceedingly unostentatious. His plan was to place a liberal sum in the hands of his pastor at Thanksgiving or Christmas time for the purchase of delicacies for distribution among the poor of his church, strictly enjoining his pastor that his name should not be associated with the gift. Captain Wilson had connection with several organizations of Cleveland and was a liberal supporter of the same, especially of the Seamen's Floating Bethel, of which he was president. He was identified with all local enterprises, especially with the temperance cause, in which he always had a deep interest and for which he gave liberally. Captain 946 - HISTORY OF CLEVELAND Wilson was long an honored member and officer of the Euclid Avenue Congregational church and one of its most liberal supporters. No secular business, if it could be avoided or delayed, was ever allowed to interfere with his obligations to the church or his attendance upon its meetings, either on week evenings or on the Sabbath. With all the pressure of care and labor upon him, he gave first place to his religious duties and looked on life's service as preparatory to the life hereafter. In September, 1870, Captain Wilson was married to Mrs. Cannon, a daughter of the Hon. David Morris, of Cleveland, and to them were born one son and two daughters. The son, D. M., died in January, 1886, at the age of thirteen years. The daughters are Mrs. Noble and Mrs. Stearns. The death of Captain Wilson occurred March 22, two, in Jerusalem, while he was making a tour of the Holy Land with his wife and daughter Mabel. His remains were brought back to Cleveland for interment in Lake View cemetery, and thus was closed the life history of a prominent and honored Cleveland citizen, but his influence has not ceased to be felt by reason of the impetus which he gave to shipping interests and the active part which he took in humanitarian and benevolent work. WALTER S. DOAN. Walter S. Doan, who since 1905 has engaged in the real-estate business, han- dling only his own property, was born in Cleveland, August 29, 1860, a son of Norton Doan. His early education was acquired in the Cleveland public schools and was supplemented by study in the old Shaw Academy, now the Shaw high school He left school when about eighteen years of age and, turning his attention to farming, devoted the succeeding ten years to the cultivation of crops. On the expiration of that decade he accepted a position as office man with the Goff Kirby Coal Company, with which he remained for about seven years. This concern disposed of its Windemere branch, with which Mr. Doan was connected, to the firm of Burton, Beidler & Phillips, and he remained three years in the employ of the latter firm. His efforts constituted an element in the successful management of the enterprise, with which he was associated until 1905, when he withdrew and turned his attention to the real-estate business, handling his own property exclusively. He owns considerable desirable realty and is thoroughly familiar with realty values in his section of the city, where his operations have been confined. On the 11th of October, 1893, occurred the marriage of Mr. Doan and Miss Ella Prentiss, who was born in Akron, Ohio, October 28, 1862, and is a daughter of Zacharia Prentiss. Their only child, Doris, was born February 14, 1895. They reside at No. 13649 Euclid avenue, in one of the more recently developed and most beautiful residence sections of the city. JAMES CLYDE HEINTZ. James Clyde Heintz, secretary and treasurer of the Cleveland Fireproof Construction Company, is a typical representative of the young business man who, alive to the opportunities of the present, is making steady advance in his chosen field of labor. He was born in Canton, Ohio, May 5, 1887, and has been a resident of Cleveland since 1895, coming to this city with his parents, Michael and Bertha (Gibson) Heintz, the latter formerly a resident of Waynesburg, Ohio. The father is still engaged in the building and construction business here, in which connection he has contributed in substantial measure to the improvement and adornment of the city. HISTORY OF CLEVELAND - 949 A youth of eight years when he came to Cleveland, J. Clyde Heintz entered the public schools, continuing his studies in the East high school of Cleveland and later the Woodward high school of Cincinnati, Ohio. He then started in business with the Cleveland Fireproof Construction Company, of which his father is manager. His position is that of secretary and treasurer and he resides with his parents at the Vera apartments on Cedar street. He is a young man of twenty-two years, with a bright future before him, for he is possessed of laudable ambition and earnest purpose. He has already given substantial proof of his business ability, which will increase as experience carries him forward, bringing him a broader outlook and wider opportunities. CHARLES H. PATTON. Charles H. Patton, manager of the Cleveland Inspection Bureau, is an important figure in insurance circles and is well known in his profession. He was born in Somerset, Pennsylvania, April 9, 1873, a son of John Wells and Sophia M. (Snyder) Patton. His maternal grandparents were Jacob and Catherine (Musser) Snyder, who were pioneers of Somerset county, Pennsylvania, having come to that locality from Philadelphia, where they had located on their arrival in the United States. They were from Scotland and crossed the Atlantic in the early part of the eighteenth century. Mr. Patton is descended from good old Revolutionary stock, among his ancestors being First Lieutenant James Wells of the Fourth Continental Artillery, who served from the l0th of April, 1777, to the 1st of March, 1778, and took part in the battles of Brandywine, Germantown and Bound Brook. Another ancestor, Captain Richard Brown, also fought for the independence of the colonies and was taken prisoner at Long Island, August 27, 1776. One of our subject's great-grandfathers in the paternal line was John Wells, who was commissioned by the government to survey western Pennsylvania about 1783. His grandfather, John Patton, founded the "Patriot" at Somerset, Pennsylvania, in 1812, and this newspaper is still in existence, althougb now published under the name of the "Herald." It was sold by its founder in 1830 to Edward Scull, and for a great many years was known as the Somerset Whig, being devoted to the support of the principles of the party from which it took its name. John W. Patton, father of Charles H. Patton, was born in Somerset, Pennsylvania, in 1828, and died in 1891. For years he was one of the leading merchants of his native city and later became passenger agent for the Cumberland & Pennsylvania Railroad Company, in which capacity he continued until his death. Charles H. Patton, following the completion of a course in the Somerset high school, enjoyed the further advantage of two years' tutoring in Philadelphia. It was his intention to fit himself for the legal profession but he was compelled tore up his studies on account of weak eyes and for two years he traveled, acting as secretary for a relative, Mrs. H. E. Monroe, who had large business interests. In 1893 Mr. Patton accepted a position with the Baltimore & Ohio Railroad Company at Chillicothe, Ohio, and in 1894 went to Columbus, this state, as secretary to the general freight agent of the Norfolk & Western Railroad. He resigned that position the same year, however, in order to join J. W. Cochram in organizing the Ohio Insurance Rating Bureau. This business relation was maintained until 1899, when Mr. Patton came to Cleveland to establish a branch department of the same institution. From the first, success attended the new venture and, encouraged at what he had accomplished, Mr. Patton in 1902 organized his present independent enterprise the Cleveland Inspection Bureau, which is regarded by the insurance world as one of the largest and most reliably established concerns of its kind in the country. Mr. Patton