(RETURN TO THE TITLE PAGE) 950 - HISTORY OF CLEVELAND is thoroughly posted on insurance matters, construction and fire protection and is a contributor to leading insurance and other journals. Mr. Patton holds membership with the Euclid Golf, Congress Lake and Cleveland Athletic Clubs. He also belongs to the Chamber of Commerce and is interested in progressive movements initiated and supported by that organization. To such he gives earnest and helpful support and stands at all times as a loyal defender of good government and of municipal progress. He has never sought or desired office, however, although he has always been a loyal republican. He is recognized as a business man of keen perception and undaunted enterprise, well qualified to assume the responsibilities incident to the line of work in which he is now engaged. With Mr. Patton as head of the bureau, its success is assured and he is constantly engaged in enlarging its facilities and bettering its service. His success is meritorious and his energy, perseverance and strong character well fit him for the profession he has chosen and so successfully conducted. COFFINBERRY. This family, of more than one hundred and thirteen years' standing in the state of Ohio, is allied by marriage with families that are and have been prominent in the colonial and state history of our country. And, too, members of the family have participated in the Revolutionary struggle, were doughty pioneers of the new country west of the Ohio river and subsequent generations have placed the name high in legal and business circles in northern Ohio. Reference is made to George L. Coffinberry, of Virginia, the patriot soldier and pioneer ; his son, Andrew Coffinberry, lawyer and a prominent figure in the early history of northwestern Ohio ; the latter's son, the late Judge James M. Coffinberry, of Cleveland, fearless and able jurist and public-spirited citizen, and the present Henry D. Coffinberry, successful business man and able financier of Cleveland, who worthily sustains the family name and prestige. The family is of German extraction. The great-great-grandparents of Henry D. Coffinberry were early pioneer settlers of Berkeley county, Virginia, now West Virginia. George L. Coffinberry, their son, was born near Martinsburg, in that county, February t0, 1760, his father being a Baptist preacher. He served through the war of the Revolution under General Greene. He married Elizabeth Little, of French and German descent, and removed to Wheeling, Virginia, in 1794, and thence to Ross county, Ohio, in 1796, through an almost unbroken wilderness, cutting the underbrush and blazing his way as he came. From Ross county he removed to Lancaster, Ohio, where he published the Olive Branch, the first newspaper published in Fairfield county. From Lancaster he removed to the embryo village of Mansfield in the spring of 1809, where he built and kept the first hotel ever conducted in the village, but lived in one of the two blockage, houses erected on the village site when menaced by hostile Indians in the war of 1812 and 1813. He died in Mansfield, August 13, 1851. Throughout his long life of nearly ninety-two years he was esteemed as an honest, brave and exemplary man. His wife spoke the English, French and German languages correctly and was for her time and place a remarkably accomplished woman. She died in Mansfield in her ninetieth year. Andrew Coffinberry, grandfather of Henry D., was born at Martinsburg, Virginia, August 20, 1789, and died at Findlay, Ohio, May 11, 1856. He learned the printer's trade in the office of his father at Lancaster and commenced the publication of a newspaper at St. Clairsville, Ohio, but finding his patronage inadequate to the support of the business, he went to the city of Philadelphia, where he worked for a time with cases, types and an old Ramage press once used by Benjamin Franklin. Here he shipped as an ordinary seaman and served two years in the Federal navy, under Bainbridge and Hull, serving on the old frigate Constitution. Rejoining his parents, he read law in Mansfield in 1811 and 1812, HISTORY OF CLEVELAND - 953 being the first law student in that village. He was admitted to the bar as early as 1813, from which time he practiced his profession until a few years before his death. His practice in several of the counties of northwestern Ohro began with their organization, his riding, or circuit, (always performed on horseback) extending from Mansfield north to Lake' Erie, and west to , the Michigan and Indiana state lines. A man of rare endowments and marked characteristics, he was widely known and greatly esteemed for his pure and upright life, whrle his quaint wit and genial manners gave him ready access to the hearts of all classes. He was called the Good Count Coffinberry by the younger members of the profession in grateful recognition of services rendered and courtesies shown them when they most needed direction and encouragement from such veterans of the bar. His sobriquet of count was first playfully given him by hss professional associates from some real or supposed resemblance to the illustrious German jurist and publicist, Count or Baron Puffendorf, the title was recognized as being so appropriate to the man that it stuck to him for life, and thousands of those who knew him long and well never learned it was not his real name. He married October 26, 1813, at Bellville, Mary McClure. She was a daughter of James McClure, the first proprietor and settler of the site of the pretty town of Bellville, Ohio. He was of Scotch and his wife of Irish descent. They were natives of Kentucky but came to the site of Bellville in 1809 or 1810. He was one of the first board of county commissioners elected in Richland county. Andrew Coffinberry was an early and deeply interested student of geology and accumulated a valuable cabinet of geological and archaeological specimens. Geology being then very generally denounced as the science of the infidel from the pulpit and religious press, his views of the age of one planet, and the derivation of our race through a long line of animal progenitors by a process of natural development as opposed to a miraculous creation, militated somewhat against his social, political and professional success. In 1840, he wrote and published the Forest Rangers, a metrical tale of seven cantos, descriptive of the march of General Wayne's army and its victory over the Indians, led by Chief Turkey Foot and Simon Girty, at the battle of the Fallen Timbers, on the Miami of the lakes in 1794. Judge James M. Coffinberry, father of Henry D., was born May 16, 1818, at Mansfield, Ohio, and received only such an education as was obtainable in the district school of a pioneer village. He studied law with his father, then residing at Perrysburg, and was admitted to the bar in 1841, opening an' office in partnership with his father the same year at Maumee. His superior ability and personal integrity were soon recognized and secured his election as Prosecuting attorney for Lucas county, which position he filled with distinguished ability for several years. In 1845 he moved' to Hancock county and for about ten years practiced his profession successfully, at the same time editing and publishing the Findlay Herald. In 1855 he removed to Cleveland and entered at once into a large and lucrative practice, devoting himself exclusively to his profession, maintaining and confirming the reputation that had preceded him and taking a high rank at a bar embracing among its members some of the most eminent lawyers of the state. In 1861 he was elected judge of the court of common pleas and held that offrce for a full term of five years, winning for himself in this new field the increased esteem of the public and respect and honor of the bar. His charges to the jury were models for clearness, directness and logical compactness. It is complimentary to his judicial learning and professional ability that no legal opinion pronounced by him was ever reversed on review by a higher court. He delivered many able opinions, both verbal and written, that received the most favorable consideration of the profession. He was remarkable for seizing upon the strong points of a case and also for an original manner of presenting his arguments and opinions, his apparently intuitive perception 0f legal truth giving to his utterances a freshness and vigor that commanded the admiration of all. While he had a fine appreciation of the learning of the profession and was never unmindful of its nicest distinctions, he made them subservient to the broad and 954 - HISTORY OF CLEVELAND liberal views of the case, looking beyond the mere technicalities of the law, thus evincing a broad, liberal and well developed judicial mind. After retiring from the bench he returned to the practice of his profession, but was soon compelled to retire from active work by ill health. He devoted many of his leisure hours to scientific reading and investigation, in which he took great interest. Actively engaged m business enterprises, he was a thorough business man. He was a member of the city council for two years and was president of same. Formerly a whig, in the Fremont and Buchanan canvass he allied himself with the democrats and ever afterward was a strong supporter of the party. At the breaking out of the Rebellion he was chairman of the democratic central committee of Cuyahoga county but a strong supporter of the Union cause, laboring to help the recruiting service, and to a great extent was influential by his example and forcible public speeches in rallying the democratic body in northern Ohio to the support of the war, to vindicate the authority of the constitution and law. He was principal secretary of the great Union convention of Ohio, presided over by ex-United States Senator Thomas Ewing, which nominated David Tod for governor on a platform embodying the Crittenden compromise resolutions, which for a time abolished party distinctions in Ohio, harmonized all discordant elements and thoroughly aroused and stimulated the patriotic sentiments of the people. He remained a conservative Union man during the war but in private conversation disapproved of some of the more radical war measures as being unconstitutional and of dangerous precedent. For several years he was the standing candidate of his party for representative in congress and common pleas judge, but was in no sense a politician. He was one of the originators of the Superior street viaduct and one who most earnestly advocated that it should be a free bridge. On the evening of April 8, 1875, while returning with his wife from Mount Vernon, where they had been to attend the marriage of their son, after they had reached the city and were being driven across the railroad track near the Union depot, their carriage was struck by freight cars. They were both severely injured, he suffering the loss of a foot. His wife, though terribly bruised and mangled, was restored to comparative health. Judge Coffinberry survived the accident for a number of years and died November 29, 1891. His residence was at what is now 3105 Franklin avenue, at that time one of the choice residential sections of the city. The homestead was occupied by the family of his daughter and son-in-law, Mr. and Mrs. Brooks, until 1909. In January, 1841, he married Anna Marie Gleason, born April 8, 1820, in Sutton, Vermont, a daughter of Thomas and Elizabeth Gleason. Thomas Gleason, her father, was born in Claremont, New Hampshire, October 20, 1788, and married Elizabeth Fitch, daughter of James Hillhouse and Polly (Barney) Fitch, who were married at St. Johnsbury, Vermont, October 16, 1817. James Hillhouse Fitch was lost at sea on a voyage to the West Indies on one of his father's trading vessels. The Barneys, too, were shipowners and a sea-going family of New Haven. Jonathan Fitch, great-grandfather of Mrs. J. M. Coffinberry, was sheriff of New Haven county, Connecticut, in 1753, as appears by his autograph in a volume of the Acts and Laws of His Majesty's English Colony of New England in America, published in 1750 and in possession of the family. Mrs. Coffinberry survived her husband until August 22, 1897, when she passed away. She was a woman of unusual intellect and force of character, displaying rare judgment and ingenuity in many matters outside of the ordinary line with which women are familiar. Her experience in the railroad accident above mentioned impressed her with the necessity of some safeguard against a repetition of similar accidents and, with characteristic foresight, demanded of the railroad company, as part of the terms of settlement for the personal damages, that the company must erect safety gates, such as she had seen in use elsewhere, and which at that time were not used in Cleveland. This was done and thus were the first safety gates erected in Cleveland. Several children were born unto Mr. HISTORY OF CLEVELAND - 955 and Mrs. Coffinberry but only two reached adult age, Henry D. and Mary E. The latter is the wife of Stephen E. Brooks, a prominent business man of Cleveland, president of the Brooks Company. They have two sons. James Coffinberry, an attorney, member of the firm of Westenhaver, Boyd, Rudolph & Brooks, married Frances, a daughter of Jacob B. Perkins, and has one son, James Coffinberry Brooks, Jr. Charles S. Brooks is connected with the Brooks Company. He married Minerva, a daughter of Hon. Virgil P. Kline. Henry Darling Coffinberry was born in Maumee, Ohio, October 14, 1841, and was fourteen years old when his parents removed to Cleveland. He received his early education in the public schools and for two years was a student at the high school. He was in the employ of Benton Brothers as bill clerk when the Civil war broke out. His parents were deeply solicitous to afford their 0nly son a thoroughly good education as the best possible equipment for a successful and useful life, but, being in his eighteenth year, in good health, with no one dependent up0n him, he felt it to be disgraceful to remain at home seeking his personal good when the union of the states hung trembling in the balance. He had a strong love for the water and, securing the reluctant consent of his parents to enter the navy, he shipped as an ordinary seaman at Erie, Pennsylvania, was sent to the receiving ship Clara Dolson at Cairo, where he was promoted, on the recommendation of Commanders Pennock and Phelps, to master's mate and reported, on the first call for active duty to Lieutenant Commander Richard Mead on the ironclad gunboat, Louisville, one of the six original ironclad steamers, upon which he served until the close of the war. The first engagement in which he participated was that of Haines Bluff, where the fleet, under the immediate command of Rear-Admiral David D. Porter, was obliged to retire after a stubborn fight and the loss of commander Gwinn and several seamen. His next engagement was that of the capture of Fort Hindman, or Arkansas Post, after a hard battle of nine hours at short range. Immediately after this sanguinary engagement he was promoted on recommendation of Admiral Porter to the rank of acting ensign. He shared the fortunes of his ship in running the batteries of Vicksburg, the two engagements at Grand Gulf on the Mississippi, and those of the second Yazoo Pass and Red river expeditions. Soon after the return of the fleet from the latter of these, he was examined and promoted to the rank of acting master and executive officer of the Louisville and finally commanding officer of that ship. At the close of the war he put the Louisville out of commission and took command of the United States steamer Fairy, which position he held until ordered home on a three months' leave of absence. After returning home in the summer of 1866 and engaging in civil pursuits, he was agreeably surprised by the receipt of a letter from his veteran commander, Admiral Porter, tendering his support and influence in case he wished to remain in the navy as a permanent calling. Preferring civil life in time of peace, he was honorably discharged with the thanks of the department. Having reached his majority before the close of the war, he did not return to school but engaged as a partner with Messrs. Leavit and Crane in founding the first carriage and wagon axle manufactory in Cleveland. The business requiring more capital than he could command, he sold his interest in it and purchased a fourth mterest in a small machine shop doing business under the firm name of Robert Wallace & Company, Robert Wallace, John F. Pankhurst and Arthur Sawtel constituting the firm. Mr. Sawtel soon after sold his mterest to the partners, who prosecuted the business for several years with such a measure of success as to embolden them, in 1869, to purchase the interest of William Bowler, Robert Cartwright and Robert Sanderson in the Globe Iron Works, John B. Cowles, the remaining partner, retaining his interest and joining the new firm, which retained the name of the Globe Iron Works, Mr. Coffinberry being the financial manager of the firm, as he had been that of Robert Wallace & Company. Finding the business a great success, they soon after purchased a half interest in the Cleveland Dry Dock Company, George Presly, owner of a half interest, remaining the general manager and Mr. Coffinberry taking financial charge of the business. This company at 956 - HISTORY OF CLEVELAND once commenced to build w0oden vessels and soon made for itself a reputation for probity and good workmanship which secured a large and profitable business. Soon after engaging in wooden shipbuilding Mr. Coffinberry became deeply impressed with the great superiority of steel and iron ships 0ver w0oden for fresh water navigation, and after thorough investigation and reading up the best authorities on the subject, he secured the cooperation of his partners and founded the plant which was soon afterward incorporated as the Globe Shipbuilding Company, of which Mr. Coffinberry was elected president and financial manager, John F. Pankhurst, vice president and designing engineer, Robert Wallace, secretary, and John B. Cowles, treasurer. Differing in judgment as to the manner of conducting business, Messrs. Coffinberry, Wallace and Cowles sought to purchase the interest of Mr. Pankhurst, failing in which they sold their interests in the Globe Iron Works and Shipbuilding Company to M. A. Hanna and others, Mr. Cowles retiring from active business. In the summer of 1886 Messrs. Coffin- berry and Wallace, with the cooperation of a few enterprising capitalists, purchased the plant of the old Cuyahoga Furnace Company, adding largely to the realty and more than quadrupling its capacity for general machine and foundry work, and adding a boiler shop and an iron shipbuilding yard capable of constructing four of the largest class of iron ships per annum. This company was organized and incorporated as the Cleveland Shipbuilding Company, Mr. Coffinberry becoming president and financial manager. The corporation had a paid up capital of three hundred and fifty thousand dollars and proved a timely and eminently successful enterprise. This company was largely instrumental in the building of the Ship Owners Dry Dock Company, with gigantic dry docks capable of receiving the largest hulks then afloat. Mr. Coffinberry continued in the official capacity of president and financial manager of the companies mentioned until he resigned his office to devote his entire attention to the management of his private interests. A few years later the companies became a part of the merger now known as the American Shipbuilding Company. He has lived to witness the growth from the small beginnings, with which he has been so conspicuously associated, into the mammoth enterprises which have contributed so largely toward revolutionizing the carrying trade upon the Great Lakes and made the city 0f Cleveland the Clyde of fresh water shipbuilding on this continent. He was a patriotic seaman, a gallant naval officer, faithful to every trust and adequate to every duty. He is an enterprising, public-spirited citizen, a modest, unpretending gentleman, eminently worthy of the large measure of public respect and confidence so freely awarded him. Mr. Coffinberry was a member of the first board of fire commissioners of Cleveland. He is president of the Minch Transportation Company, president 0f the Nicholas Transit Company, director of the First National Bank, Peoples Savings Bank Company, Land Title Abstract Company, Brown Hoisting Ma- chinery Company and the Elwell-Parker Electric Company. Socially he is a member of the Union, Clifton, Country and Rowfant Clubs. He is eligible for membership in the Sons of the American Revolution, is a member of the Loyal Le- gion and of the Grand Army of the Republic. Shortly after his retirement from active business he was appointed treasurer of the city of Cleveland to fill a vacancy caused by the death of Mr. Kurtz. He was later elected to fill the unex- pired term of one year, was then reelected for two years and declined to serve longer. On April 17, 1875, Mr. Coffinberry was married to Harriet Duane Morgan, a daughter of the late General George W. and Sarah H. (Hall) Morgan, and great-great-grandaughter of Evan. Morgan, who emigrated to the United States from Wales and established himself at Prospect, a country seat near Princeton, New Jersey. Prior to the war of the Revolution his son George became a mem- ber of the firm of Baynton, Whart0n & Morgan, one of the largest commercial houses of Philadelphia. In 1764 he married Mary Baynton, a daughter of the senior member of the firm. Her mother's name was Chevalier and her parents HISTORY OF CLEVELAND - 957 were both of French extraction. In April, 1776, a few months prior to the Declaration of Independence, the continental congress appointed George Morgan Indian agent, with instructions to negotiate certain treaties with the Indians. In this capacity he rendered great service to the state and negotiated several important treaties. His success with the Indians arose from the fact that he never deceived them. The Delawares conferred on him the sobriquet of Tamemund - the Truth Teller—after the great Delaware chief who had borne that title. During the war of the Revolution George Morgan acquired the rank of colonel and became deputy commissary general. Some years after the recognition of American independence Colonel George Morgan purchased a farm, long known as Morganza, near Canonsburg, Pennsylvania. It was from him that President Jefferson received his first intelligence of Burr's conspiracy. It was at the trial of Burr, at Richmond, whither Colonel George Morgan and his sons, John and Thomas, had gone as witnesses, that Thomas Morgan, the grandfather of Mrs. Coffinberry, met Katharine Corcoran Duane, who later became his bride, She was a daughter of Colonel William Duane, editor of the Aurora, the recognized organ of Thomas Jefferson. General George W. Morgan was one of Ohio's brave and noted men, a colonel in the Mexican war until the battle of Cherubusco, where he was severely wounded. For brave and meritorious conduct he was made brevet brigadier general in the regular army of the United States when but twenty-seven years old. Later he was consul at Marseilles, France, and minister to Portugal. During the Civil war he rendered most valuable and brave service upon the field of battle until he resigned because of failing health in June, 1863. For a half century he practiced law at Mount Vernon, Ohio, and was three times nominated by acclamation and three times elected to congress. In the forty-second congress he received the democratic vote for speaker of the house. In 1864 he was nominated by acclamation as the democratic candidate for governor of Ohio. Three daughters were born to Mr. and Mrs. Coffinberry, one dying in infancy, the others being Nadine Morgan and Maria Duane. The former married John E. Morley, a well known attorney of Cleveland, of the firm of Cline, Tolles & Morley, and a son of George W. Morley, of Saginaw, Michigan. Mr. and Mrs. Morley have two children, John Coffinberry and Nadine May. John Coffrnberry Morley will inherit two Loyal Legion buttons and is also eligible to the Aztec Society, the latter eligibility coming through his great-grandfather, General George W. Morgan. JEREMIAH F. DONAHUE. For more than two generations the citizens of Cleveland have been supplied with dairy products by different members of the. Donahue family, one member of which, Jeremiah F. Donahue, is the president of the Donahue Dairy Company. One of Cleveland's native sons, he is the son of Daniel Donahue, who was born in Ireland but came to this country when a young man. More than fifty years ago he settled on territory that is now included within the boundaries of Cleveland, purchasing six hundred acres of land. He paid only a small sum for it and later sold the greater part of it at some profit but still at a small price as compared with the value the property has on the real-estate market today. His son's dairy, at 6616 Lorain avenue, is located upon a part of this tract. After coming to Cleveland, the father established the dairy business which some member of his family has since conducted. He passed away in 1875. His wife, who was Miss Catherine Driscoll before her marriage, was also of Irish birth and died in April, 1907. Jeremiah F. Donahue was born November 1, 1870, and has spent his entire life in Cleveland. He received his early education in St. Patrick's parochial school, pursuing his lessons until seventeen years of age. Then he went to work 958 - HISTORY OF CLEVELAND with his brother John, assisting him in the dairy business which their father had established and remaining with him until he was twenty-two, when, having gained sufficient experience and saved enough to justify his embarkation upon the same line of work, he organized the Donahue Dairy Company. Through industry and a careful management, he has made the concern a most profitable enterprise. He recently retired from active business, however, and now devotes his time to the management of his real-estate and private business interests. He is a stock-holder of the Ohio Savings & Loan Company. Mr. Donahue has not married. Ever since the parish of St. Coleman's was established, as a branch of St. Patrick's, about twenty-six years ago, he has been a devout member and generous in its support. In addition to his dairy business and also as a result of the success he has gained from it, he is the owner of some valuable real estate in the city which is proud to number him among her native sons. As a recreation he engages in shooting and fishing. HENRY CHISHOLM. Henry Chisholm, one of the foremost iron and steel manufacturers of his day in America and the founder of a business that has been a most substantial contributor to Cleveland's industrial growth, was of Scottish birth. His father was Stewart Chisholm, a mining contractor, who lived at Lochgelly, in Fifeshire, where his son was born on the 22d of April, 1822. The father died when Henry Chisholm was only ten years of age, but the boy had previously had an oppor- tunity for attending school and continued there until he was twelve years of age, when he became an apprentice to a carpenter. He wrought at this trade for five years or until his term of indenture was completed, when he removed to Glasgow, the commercial metropolis of Scotland. There he stayed for the following three years, on the expiration of which period he emigrated to Canada, finding employment in Montreal. He remained in that city for seven years and during the latter portion of the time was engaged in business on his own account. In this he met with excellent success, his establishment soon becoming one of the largest upon the St. Lawrence. Foreseeing the future prominence of Cleveland, he removed to this city in 1850, when he was twenty-eight years of age. In association with a friend from Montreal he built a breakwater for the Cleveland & Pittsburg Railroad" Company at the lake terminus of their road, giving the work his own personal supervision. This occupied him about three years. It was done thoroughly and substantially and on its completion he received numerous offers from other persons and corporations for like work. For some time after he was kept busily employed in building piers and docks along the lake front of Cleveland. In 1857 be began as a manufacturer of iron. There was very little then made in Cleveland or its vicinity, or even in the state of Ohio. He united other parties with himself, under the firm name of Chisholm, Jones & Company, in the manufacture of railroad iron at their rolling mill. In a short time the name of the firm was changed to Stone, Chisholm & Jones. The capacity of the mills at that time was about fifty tons a day, to produce which about one hundred and fifty men were employed. A part of the work was the rerolling of old rails, the materials for new rails being iron from Lake Superior ores, reaching Cleveland by the lakes. In 1859 an important addition to the works was made by the erection of a blast furnace at Newburg, the first built in that part of Ohio. The next year another furnace was erected and additions were made to the rolling mill for the purpose of manufacturing all kinds 0f merchant iron as well as rails. Mr. Chisholm next erected a rolling mill in Chicago and two blast furnaces in Indiana with which to partially supply the Chicago works with pig iron, which was manufactured, like the pig iron of the Cleveland furnaces, from Lake Su- HISTORY OF CLEVELAND - 961 perior and Missouri ores. The Chicago mill was placed in charge of Mr. Chisholm's oldest son, William, as manager. In 1864 the firm of Stone, Chisholm & Jones organized the Cleveland Rolling Mill Company, into which the partnership merged, and the Lake Shore Rolling Mill was added to the property by purchase. In 1865 the company constructed the second Bessemer steel works in the United States, one of the most successful and perfect works of the kind then in existence. The product of their mill immediately came into request. Beginning with a capacity of twenty thousand tons annually, it has been enlarged until its capacity now reaches one hundred and fifty thousand tons yearly, giving employment to six thousand men and manufacturing products to the value of twelve millions dollars annually. The steel rails from this manufactory were shipped to all parts of the country and the demand was large. Steel rails did not form the only products of this immense mill. At least ten thousand tons of other classes of steel, such as tire, merchant and spring steel, were made. A wire mill was also added, which turned out from twenty-five to thirty thousand tons of steel wire annually, from the coarsest size to the finest hair. All shapes of steel forging were also produced at the Bessemer works. The furnaces were supplied with ore from the company's own mines in Lake Superior, where about three hundred men were kept in steady employment. The value of the products of different establishments of the company in Cleveland grew to about fifteen million dollars annually in Mr. Chisholm's lifetime. In 1871 he organized the Union Rolling Mill Company of Chicago, independent of the Cleveland Rolling Mill Company. In connection with his Chicago partners he also erected a rolling mill at Decatur, Illinois. The business of all these concerns Mr. Chisholm lived to see aggregate twenty-five million dollars annually, and gave employment to eight thousand men. This was the outgrowth of the small concern established in Cleveland in 1857. Perhaps no achievement in the iron business of the United States during Mr. Chisholm's lifetime ever paralleled the enormous growth from such small beginnings in such a short space of time. When he landed at Montreal, in 1842, he had not a dollar, but he commenced the iron manufactory in 1857 with twenty-five thousand dollars saved from his earnings as a contractor, and in less than eighteen years the business which he had begun with such a moderate capital came to represent an investment of ten millions. No panics materially affected the business of these great concerns, and from the heavy amount of capital controlled they were able to give material aid to many of the large and small railroad companies of the country, carrying them over periods of depression and helping them out of their difficulties. Mr. Chisholm knew no such word as fail. His industry was untiring. In political affairs he took no part except to perform his duty as a good citizen. His heart was large. Nothing meritorious appealed to him in vain. The religious and benevolent institutions of Cleveland nd missed his helping hand. To every institution of this kind he contributed liberally, and those engaged in charitable and philanthropic enterprises learned to put assurance in his sympathy arrd support. His employes were treated by him, after he had attained riches, in the same hearty, genial manner which had characterized his relations toward them when his income was small. They were sure of his rectitude of action. He was accessible to the humblest workmen in his mills and they entertained for him high esteem. They looked upon him as belonging to their own class and as having simply been more fortunate than they. He was a man of strong domestic attachments and loved to be at home, surrounded by his family and friends. He was a trustee or director of four of the charitable institutions of the city and for twenty years was an active member of the Second Baptist church of Cleveland. He was a heavy stockholder in several banking and manufacturing institutions. Before leaving Scotland Mr. Chisholm was married to Miss Jean Allen, of Dumfermline, Fifeshire. He had three sons and two daughters. The oldest son, William Chisholm, was a thorough and energetic business man, full of life 962 - HISTORY OF CLEVELAND and energy, and took his father's place in the Cleveland rolling mill. He was for seventeen years vice president and general manager of the Union R0lling Mill Company at Chicago. When that was sold out he came back to Cleveland and for a year before his father's death acted as his general assistant, relieving him of many cares. He later became president and director of the Cleveland Rolling Mill Company, but is now deceased. Stewart H. Chisholm, the second son, is mentioned on another page of this work. Wilson B. Chisholm, the third son, is one of the representative citizens of Cleveland. The two daughters are Mrs. A. T. Osborne and Mrs. C. B. Beach. Henry Chisholm died May 9, 1881, after a short illness of three weeks. The news of his death affected the community like a blow. The men in his employ- ment immediately stopped work and went to their homes. They could not go on. The societies with which he was connected passed appropriate resolutions, the works were closed down, and the community felt that one of their best men had been taken from them. He was a man of great power, but above all of love for his fellowmen, and as such is regretted. HENRY P. McINTOSH. Cleveland with its pulsing industrial and commercial activities is constantly drawing to it men of business enterprise, while the native sons of the city recognize its opportunities and, retaining their residence within its borders, achieve success if they have but the determination and energy to overcome obstacles and utilize the chances which are offered to all. There was nothing at the outset of his career to indicate that Henry P. McIntosh would gain a place among the competent representatives of financial interests in Cleveland, but as the years have passed his persistency of purpose, coordination 0f forces and power of bringing seemingly diverse interests into unity, have won for him continuous advancement until he is now widely known as the president of the Guardian Savings & Trust Company. He was born in Cleveland, October 27, 1846, and in his life has displayed many of the sterling characteristics of his Scotch ancestry. His father, Alexander McIntosh, was a native of Auldearn, Scotland, and on coming to America in 1835 settled first at Astoria, Long Island, where he engaged in the nursery business. After five years he removed to Ohio and in 1843 came to Cleveland, where he also established a nursery. As the years passed he developed a profitable business in that connection and moreover was active in city government, serting for some time as a member of the council, during which period he exercised his official prerogatives in such a manner that the public welfare was conserved thereby. He was long a member of the old Cleveland board of improvement and was in hearty sympathy with each project of practical use in advancing Cleveland's interests. He married Agnes Nicol. a daughter of Alexander Nicol, of the north of Scotland, in which district the wedding was celebrated, their voyage to the United States constituting their wedding journey. They became the parents of eight children : Eliza, Agnes and Elizabeth, all now deceased:, Margaret, the wife of R. W. Teeters, of Alliance, Ohio ; John, who has passed away ; Alexander, of New York city ; George T. ; and Henry P. The last named was a pupil in the Cleveland public schools and when his school days were over he took up the study of telegraphy and was employed with the Cleveland & Erie Railway Company. In 1868 he turned his attention to the banking business in Alliance, acting as bookkeeper. There he remained until 1876, after which he returned to Cleveland and entered the employ of the Hon. H. B. Payne and Colonel O. H. Payne, remaining as manager of their properties until 1899, when he became associated with the Guardian Savings & Trust Company as president. He is now concentrating his attention upon executive man- HISTORY OF CLEVELAND - 965 agement and administrative direction and his keen insight and ready solution of financial problems constitute important and forceful elements in his success and business progress. On the 19th of January, 1871, Mr. McIntosh was married to Miss Olive Manfull, a daughter of C. C. and Hannah J. (Shourds) Manfull. Their children are six in number: Ralph, now deceased; Fannie, the wife of John Sherwin, president of the First National Bank of Cleveland; Alexandrine, the wife of Robert D. Beatty ; Olive Marie, the wife of Edwin H. Brown ; Henry Payne, who is assistant manager of the real-estate department 0f the Guardian Savings & Trust Company ; and John Man full. The family resides at No. 7341 Euclid avenue. Both Mr. and Mrs. McIntosh hold membership in the Calvary Presbyterian church, of which he is a trustee. Mrs. McIntosh also takes an active and helpful interest in church and charitable work and is especially interested in the Home for Aged Women, of which she is a trustee. Mr. McIntosh belongs to the Country, Euclid, Union and Rowfant Clubs and is popular among his associates in those organizations. He is a member of the American Bankers' Association and president of the trust company section of that organization. He also belongs to the Chamber of Commerce. In fraternal relations he is a prominent Mason, having taken the thirty-third degree and is a past grand commander of the Knights Templar of Ohio. In politics he is a democrat where national questions are involved but locally votes without regard to party ties. He has never sought nor desired public office but feels a hearty concern for the public welfare and has been helpful in bringing about those purifying and wholesome reforms which have been gradually growing in the political, municipal and social life of the city. JAMES A. JOYCE. James A. Joyce is the chief engineer of the Cowing Engineering Company of Cleveland, engineers and contractors for the Cowing lift bridges, turntables, swing bridges and structural steel work. His birth occurred in Ohio on the 23d of April, 1866, his parents being James W. and Catherine (Roney) Joyce, who were likewise natives of this state. The father, who was born on the 25th of November, 1835, was successfully engaged in the retail cigar business throughout his active career. His demise 0ccurred on the l0th of April, 1890. In 1862 he had wedded Miss Catherine Roney, whose natal day was December 5, 1844, and who still survives. James A. J0yce obtained his early education in the public schools and afterward pursued a special course in engineering under one of the professors from the Case School of Applied Science and bridge engineering under F. C. Osborne and was tutored by several graduates from the best engineering schools. By hard study and years of practical experience he secured a good engineering education. He then entered the employ of the King Bridge Company in the capacity of draftsman. He remained in the service of that concern for fourteen years and during that period received various promotions until he became checker of drawings which others had finished. On severing his connection with the King Bridge Company he associated himself with J. P. Cowing and in 1905 was one of the organizers of the Cowing Engineering Company, being made its vice president. Later he became chief engineer and in this connection has found ample scope for the exercise of his superior ability and knowledge in the line of his chosen profession. The Cowing Engineering Company has gained a prominent position in industrial circles of Cleveland as engineers and contractors for the Cowing lift bridges, turntables, swing bridges and structural steel work, their operations extending over the entire country. Mr. Joyce designed the Jeffers0n avenue lift bridge for Cleveland, the structural steel work and hydraulic stage work of 966 - HISTORY OF CLEVELAND the Cleveland Hippodrome building and the shops of the Cowing Engineering Company. He likewise had charge of the preparation of the plans and construction of the Genesee avenue bridge at Saginaw, Michigan, the detail drawings and rotating machinery for the New York Central four-track draw bridge over the Harlan river, the largest swing bridge in the world. He also had charge of the plans and details for the Nickel Plate double track swing bridge over the Calumet river in Chicago and the double track swing bridge for the Lake Shore & Michigan Southern in the same city. In his political views Mr. Joyce is independent, always casting his ballot in support of the candidate whom he believes best qualified for office regardless of party affiliation. His rapid and substantial rise in his profession is attributable to the thoroughness with which he has mastered everything bearing upon the subject of engineering, combined with his un4earied industry and his professional integrity. REV. JOHN PATRICK BRENNAN. The Rev. John Patrick Brennan, acting pastor of St. Edward's church of Cleveland, was born in Napoleon, Henry county, Ohio, December 24, 1866, a son of James Brennan, who was born m 1827 and died March 7, 1867. He was a soldier of the Civil war, enlisting from Ohio, and he recruited two companies, being later commissioned captain in the Army of the Tennessee. By profession he was a civil engineer and one of the additions of his town was named after the family, he helping to lay it out. He had participated in the rebellion of 1847 in Ireland, his native land, and therefore had to leave and eventually came to the United States in 1850. He married Mary Malone, who was born in 1846. She survives and is residing in Cleveland. Father Brennan was educated in the parochial schools and at the same time learned telegraphy, so that at the age of fifteen years he was employed as operator by the Wabash Railroad. At the age of eighteen, deciding upon becoming a priest, he entered Canisius College of Buffalo and later attended Xavier College at Cincinnati, while there starting a college paper which he continued to publish for a year after leaving. His final studies were pursued at St. Mary's Seminary at Cleveland, where he was ordained a priest, October t8, 1894, by Bishop Horstmann. He said his first mass October 19, that year. in St. Augustine's church in Napoleon. Father Brennan was then appointed assistant priest at Youngstown, whereat.. he remained for four and one-half years. At the expiration of this time he was sent to St. Edward's parish temporarily, but returned to St. Columba's church, Youngstown. On June 17, 1899, he came to St. Edward's church, Cleveland, as acting pastor. This parish is in charge of the Ohio Apostolate. There are six hundred families in the parish and five hundred sixty-seven pupils attend school. Ten teachers look after them and the course pursued in the school is an excellent one. The parish built a combination hall, theater and school. Both the hall and theater have stages and there are thirteen schoolrooms. The building cost forty thousand dollars including the foundation, while the heating plant and janitor's rooms cost eight thousand d0llars additional. Two sixty horse- power boilers heat five buildings. The Sisters' house has twenty rooms and was built in 1905 at a cost of five thousand dollars. The parish house is a substantial one, and the parish itself is in good condition financially. The first mass was said here in 1863, but the parish was not organized until 1871, with Father Kuhn as first priest. Father Brennan has been a writer for a number of years, contributing mainly to Catholic publications, especially to Benziger's Annual. Among other stories from his pen are : "The Lawyer's Counsel" and "In Honor 0f the Flag," the HISTORY OF CLEVELAND - 967 latter being partly founded on fact. He is the author of two plays : "Esther, the Persian Queen," in blank verse, and "Robert, the King." He still contributes to newspapers and periodicals, and is at present editor of the "Cleveland Magazine." In 1907 he established St. Edward's Alumni Association, for which he wrote a ritual exemplifying three degrees. In 1909 he organized two companies of St. Edward's Cadets, armed as rough riders. He is a member of the Sons of Veterans, Camp Lookout, No. 466. His sister, Helen J. Brennan, is also a writer, contributing to the Ave Maria and a Buffalo paper. Father Brennan is a member of the Ohio Apostolate, but is not active in it except that he gives instructions twice a week to non-Catholics. LORD MORTIMER COE. Lord Mortimer Coe, whose life record was well rounded out to an old age, while his years were fraught with successful accomplishment in business and characterized by sterling traits that made his an honorable manhood and won him the respect and esteem of all who knew him, departed this life on the 2d day of August, 1909. He had for years figured prominently as the president of the City Forge & Iron Company and was thus closely associated with the iron trade of Cleveland, which has long been one of the most potent sources of Cleveland's wealth and commercial power. Mr. Coe was born in Penn Yan, New York, the 14th of November, 1828, and traced his ancestry in a direct line back to Robert Coe, who came to this country from England in 1630 and was one of the founders of the city of New Haven, Connecticut. His great-grandfather, also Robert Coe, was the second United States senator from Connecticut. His father, John Coe, a native of New York, served with the rank of colonel in the United States army. His mother, Mrs. Sabina (Orton) Coe, was also a representative of an old Connecticut family and a daughter of Colonel John Orton, of the regular army. L. M. Coe received his education in a small school of Penn Yan, New York, and left home when a young man, going to Buffalo, New York, where he became an engineer on one of the first steamships on the lakes. Within the next five years he became financially interested in three or four freight vessels and was thus a factor in lake navigation until 1861, when he sold his vessel interests and in company with R. H. Harman, Albert Harman and George B. Ely, formed the Cleveland City Forge & Iron Company, of which he became general manager. He was in charge of the business continuously until the death of R. H. Harman in 1902, when he was elected to the presidency. He also extended his efforts to other lines, being for years a director of the Lehigh Valley Railroad Company. He was a director of the Society for Savings and various other financial and commercial institutions which have constituted factors in the business activity of the city. He was at the time of his death a member of the advisory board of the Citizens Savings & Trust Company and was recognized as a man of sound business judgment, of keen discrimination and of the highest principle. In 1873 Mr. Coe was married to Miss Lorinda Benton, a daughter of Curtis Benton, one of the representative business men of Cleveland in his day and prominently identified with the wholesale drug business. He gave his political allegiance to the republican party from its organization and served as a member of the city council during the Civil war. He held membership with the Chamber of Commerce and was interested in all movements for municipal progress to the extent of giving hearty cooperation thereto. He was well known as a member of the Country, Euclid, Cleveland Yacht and Castilia Trout Clubs, which indicated much of the nature of his interests and recreation, and his fellow members of these organizations considered him a most congenial companion. Until his last illness he was always active, progressive and at the front in civic 968 - HISTORY OF CLEVELAND matters. His death occurred at his home, 4719 Euclid avenue, having attained the age of eighty years in the previous November. He was well known as one of the pioneers in the iron trade in this city, long recognized as a forceful man in business circles, and the associations which bear upon the municipal progress and upon the welfare of the city in various lines of advancement. Mr. Coe was survived by his widow and son, Ralph M. Coe. JOSEPH FRANKLIN HOBSON, M. D. Dr. Joseph Franklin H0bson, one of the most prominent members of the medical profession in Cleveland, was born in Flushing, Belmont county, Ohio, on the 30th of August, 1861, his parents being Stephen and Margaret (Bailey) Hobson. The Hobson family is of English origin and the first representatives of the name in this country located at Watertown, Virginia, about 1700. Later the family was represented among the earliest settlers of Jefferson county, Ohio, Joseph Hobson, the grandfather of our subject, taking up his abode there toward the close 0f the eighteenth century. His wife, who bore the maiden name of Ruth Ball, had several brothers in the ranks of the Continental army. The maternal ancestors of Dr. Joseph F. Hobson were among the pioneer settlers of Belmont county, Ohio. Stephen H0bson, the father of Dr. Hobson of this review, was a native of Jefferson county, Ohio, and for many years was successfully engaged in the conduct of a general mercantile establishment at Flushing, Belmont county. It was largely owing to his efforts that the Cleveland, Tuscarawas Valley & Wheeling Railway (now a part of the Baltimore & Ohio system) built its line through that section of the country. He was one of the foremost citizens of Flushing and a leader in every movement calculated to promote the general wel- fare. He established the First National Bank of that city and was widely recog- nized as one of its most prominent and esteemed residents. His demise, which occurred at Flushing in 1887 when he was fifty-seven years of age, was the occasion of deep and widespread regret. His widow still survives at the age of seventy-four years and yet lives on the old homestead. She is a devoted member of the Friends church, having been reared in that faith. Two of her brothers loyally defended the interests of the Union throughout the entire peri0d of the Civil war. Joseph Franklin Hobson spent his boyhood days in the place of his nativity and supplemented his preliminary education, obtained in the Friends schools, by a course in the academy at Barnesville, from which he was graduated in 1880. He then studied pharmacy at Philadelphia for one year, on the expiration of which period he returned to Flushing and began the study of medicine under the direction of a cousin, Dr. John A. Hobson. Afterward he matriculated in the medical department of the Western Reserve University, where he won the degree of M. D. in 1886. Following his graduation he was appointed house surgeon to the Lakeside Hospital, thus serving until October, 1887, when he entered upon the private practice of his profession, establishing an office on Erie street (now Ninth street) on the present site of the Rose building. Three years later he purchased a piece of property on the corner of Eighteenth street and Prospect avenue, where he built a handsome residence and has since made his home. His attention was given to the practice of both medicine and surgery until 1897, when he went abroad, spending a year in special work at Vienna and other European cities. Since his return to the United States he has confined his professional labors to surgery. From 1887 until 1892 he was a teacher of anatomy and surgery at the Western Reserve University Medical College, and since 1892 has held the chair of professor of surgery at the Cleveland College of Physicians and Surgeons. He has been chief of staff and visiting surgeon to HISTORY OF CLEVELAND - 971 St. Luke's Hospital since its organization and was on the staff of its predecessor, the Cleveland General Hospital, from the time of its orgamzation in 1893. He is likewise visiting surgeon to the Cleveland City Hospital and to St. John's Hospital. Since entering professional ranks he has been surgeon for the Pennsylvania Company and for many years has also acted in that capacity for the Lake Shore Railway. He is grand lodge medical adviser of the Brotherhood of Railway Trainmen, the largest and best managed organization of railwaymen in the world. His high standing in the profession is indicated by these various connections and by the important and extensive private practice accorded him. He keeps in touch with the advancement that is being continually made by the medical fraternity through his membership in the Cleveland Academy of Medicine, the Ohio State Medical Society, the American Medical Association and the Cleveland Medical Library Association and is an officer in the last named. At the same time through private study and research he has continually promoted his efficiency and is justly regarded as one of the ablest practitioners of Cleveland, manifesting at all times a close conformity to a high standard of professional ethics. In November, 1892, at Cleveland, Dr. Hobson was joined in wedlock to Miss Anna Schlather, a daughter of Leonard Schlather, one of the substantial and representative business men of this city. Their union has been blessed with one daughter, Helen Emily, who is now fifteen years of age and is a junior student at the Hathaway-Brown school. Mrs. Hobson was educated in Germany, where she spent five years, and speaks the language of that country fluently. She was a piano pupil of one of the court teachers in Vienna and is deeply interested in music and art, still pursuing her studies under one of the best masters of this city. She also devotes much time to the pipe organ and recently a fine instrument has been installed in her home. In musical circles of Cleveland she is a well known and prominent factor and her home is the scene of many interesting functions, all musicians 0f merit having the entree thereof. Mrs. Hobson began her art studies abroad during her school days, later continued them at the Cleveland School of Art and since leaving that institution has been under the instruction of one of the most distinguished portrait artists of this city. At the last exhibition of paintings by Cleveland artists which was held at the Art School, several of her productions were accepted by the committee and occupied the choicest positions on the walls of the salon. Dr. Hobson is a valued member 0f the Union and Clifton Clubs and finds his chief sources of recreation in motoring and tennis. He spends the summer months at his fine home on the west bank of the Rocky river but during the winter seasons resides with his family at No. 1721 Prospect avenue. Both he and his wife are very fond of travel and have been able to indulge their taste in this direction, having visited many points of interest in this and other countries. They are also lovers of good literature and possess a large and well selected library. The Doctor is a large, athletic man of fine appearance, and comes from a family large of stature, hardy and long-lived. Nature, travel and culture have vied in making him an interesting and entertaining compamon, and his genial manner, unfailing courtesy and unfeigned cordiality have won him the high regard of those with whom he has been brought in contact. WILLIAM HENRY CANNIFF. Through the stages of gradual development and progress, his faithful performance of each day's duty equipping him for more responsible service on the succeeding day, William Henry Canniff has obtained his present important position as president of the New York, Chicago & St. Louis Railway, known as the Nickel Plate. His life record began on the 22d of October, 1847, Litchfield. 972 - HISTORY OF CLEVELAND Michigan, being the place of his nativity. The common schools afforded him his early educational privileges, and he never had the benefit of instruction in more advanced educational institutions, but in the sch0ol of experience he learned many valuable lessons and as he progressed, step by step, took with him the knowledge which had come to him in his previous mastery of his daily tasks. From the age of sixteen years he has been identified with railway interests, at which time he was made night watchman at Osseo, Michigan, for the Michigan Southern & Northern Indiana Railroad. Two years later he was advanced to the position of station agent at Trenton and in August, 1868, he was made joint agent for the road above named and the Louisville, New Albany & Chicago Railroad, at Salem Crossing. Ability is the ladder on which men climb to success and it was the faithfulness and ready adaptability of William H. Canniff that has led to his promotion from time to time. In 1872 he was made trackmaster of the Kendalville division of the Lake Shore & Michigan Southern Railroad, occupying that position until 1879, when he was transferred to the Chicago division in the same capacity. In the autumn of 1880 he became superintendent of the Lansing division of the Lake Shore and a year later was also made superintendent for the Detroit, Hillsdale & Southwestern and the Fort Wayne & Jackson Railroads. His next promotion came to him in 1888, when he was chosen assistant general superintendent of the entire system. About four years passed and 0n the 1st of January, 1892, he was made general superintendent, while on the 1st of March, 1896, he became general manager of the Lake Shore & Michigan Southern Railway Company, in which position he gave his energies to administrative direction, displaying marked executive force and keen discernment in controlling the complex and important railway interests under his care. His promotions have continually brought him a wider acquaintance, and he today is most prominently known in railway circles of the country. In May, 1898, he was elected president of the Nickel Plate road, in which capacity he is now serving. He is an active member of the American Railway Association, and is also a member of the Country, Union, Roadside and Clifton Clubs of Cleveland and the Chicago Club. WILLIAM THOMAS CORLETT, M. D., L. R. C. P., LOND. Dr. William Thomas Corlett, who is classed by the medical profession as well as the general public as one of the most prominent physicians of Cleveland, was born in Orange, Ohio, April 15, 1854. His father, William Corlett, a native of the Isle of Man, came to America in 1827 and located on a farm in Newburg, Cuyahoga county. Later he moved to Orange, cleared a farm of its native forest and engaged in the occupation of farming, and remained there until 1870, when he retired and removed to Cleveland, where he resided until his death, which occurred in August, 1901, when he was in his ninety-second year. His wife, whose maiden name was Ann Avery, was born in Devonshire, England, August 18, 1816, and came to the United States in the '30s, at the age of twenty- one years. She also came of a family of sturdy country people and lived to the age of seventy-eight years, passing away January 20, 1895. There were but two children in the family, the sister of Dr. Corlett being Miss Jeannette Corlett, of Cleveland. In the public schools of Orange, Ohio, Dr. Corlett acquired his preliminary education and afterward attended the Chagrin Falls high school and Oberlin College. In 1874 he took up the study of medicine in the medical department of the University of Wooster and received the degree of M. D. in 1877. Soon after he was appointed demonstrator of anatomy in the medical department of Wooster University, which position he resigned in 1879 in order to go abroad HISTORY OF CLEVELAND - 973 for further study. He entered the London Hospital as surgical dresser and later served in the medical department of the same hospital. After completing his studies in London he entered the Hospital St. Louis and Hotel Dreu in Paris. Returning to London, he was admitted to the examinations of the Royal College of Physicians and was qualified as L. R. C. P., Lond., in July, 1881. He then returned to America and began the practice of medicine in Cleveland, where he has remained and through the steps of orderly progression has reached a foremost place as a representative of the medical profession in this city. While studying in London and Paris, Dr. Corlett gave specral attention to diseases of the skin and though he took up general medical practice when he returned to Cleveland, after a short time he devoted his energies to his chosen specialty. In 1882 he was appointed lecturer on diseases of the skin and genito- urinary diseases in the medical department of Wooster University, hrs alma mater. In 1884 he was appointed professor of these chairs, which position he held until the following year, when he resigned to accept a lectureship in the same branches in the medical department of the Western Reserve University. He was appointed professor in these branches in 1887. In 1889 he again visited the medical centers of Europe, including Vienna, Berlin, Paris and London, for the purpose of further pursuing his studies. In 1890 his title was changed to professor of dermatology and syphilology, which chair he still holds. In 1883 he was appointed physician of diseases of the skin to Charity Hospital and is still serving on the staff of that institution. At this time he served one year on the Cleveland board of health. He has been on the consulting staff of both St. Alexis and the City hospitals since their organization, and since the completion of the new building of the Lakeside Hospital he has been dermatologist to that institution, where most of his clinical work, aside from his private practice, is now done. Dr. Corlett has written very extensively for medical journals on his special branch and his writings have been widely quoted by French, English, German and Russian authors. He has likewise contributed numerous chapters in various treatises devoted to diseases of the skin. His most noteworthy contributions to the medical literature are of a clinical nature, those concerning his original investigations on the effect of climate on diseases of the skin, notably that of cold, to which he has called attention before medical congresses, chiefly those of Rome, in 1894, and London, in 1898. He is the author of a treatise on Acute Infectious Exanthemata, eight octavo, three hundred and ninety pages, profusely illustrated, published in 1891, which has had and is still having a large sale in both this country and Europe. At the outbreak of the widespread epidemic of smallpox, in 1890, he addressed the University of Buffalo at its annual alumni meeting on the differential diagnoses of smallpox, which lecture was illustrated by lantern slides and was also given before the medical society of St. Louis and the Academy of Medicine of Cincinnati. He also lectured at many smaller places because of the alarming epidemic of smallpox at that time. In 1903 he was invited to London to deliver the annual oration before the Dermatological Society of Great Britain and Ireland. While in Europe he took occasion to visit Professor Finsen's Light Institute at Copenhagen, and also to study the effect of the Roentgen ray treatment in Vienna. At this time he also pursued special studies in Hamburg, Breslau and Prague. During the past year, 1909, Dr. Corlett revisited Germany to familiarize himself with certain problems pertaining to his specialty which are now being worked out. He belongs to the Cleveland Academy of Medicine, to the Ohio State Medical Society, the American Medical Association, the American Dermatological Association, and is a fellow of the Royal Society of Medicine of Great Britain. He was president of the local Cuyahoga County Medical Society many years ago and of the American Dermatological Association in 1896. Dr. Corlett belongs to the Union and Country Clubs and to St. Paul's Episcopal church. He is a man of fine personal appearance, athletic and very ener- 974 - HISTORY OF CLEVELAND getic, and in manner is courteous, genial and approachable. He has traveled extensively, both in this country and in nearly every foreign land. On the 26th of June, 1895, Dr. Corlett was married at Rhein-Pfalz, Germany, to Miss Amanda Leisy, a daughter of the late Isaac Leisy, of Cleveland. Mrs. Corlett has been very active in social and musical circles and gives much time to charitable work. Unto this marriage have been born six children: Christine; Ann; William, who died in 1904 at the age of four years ; Helen; Edward Leisy; and Thomas William. The city residence of the family is at No. 1935 Euclid avenue and their summer home, called Tioga Lodge, is situated on Highland Road in Euclid. Dr. Corlett's principal recreations are travel and huntrng and he is a member of the Winous Point Shooting Club and the Cleveland Gun Club. He possesses a large and well-selected library, with the contents of which he is very familiar, and that he possesses literary taste and talent is moreover indicated in a volume which he has just written, entitled "Tropical America," eight octavo, two hundred and twenty-one pages, illustrated with twenty-seven photogravings, it being the log book of a midwinter cruise. It was published by the Burrows Brothers Company and is now enjoying a large sale. Thus in various relations he is well known, but perhaps is most widely known in connection with his profession. He is one of the pioneers in specialty work in Cleveland, there having been none who specialized here in the profession of medicine except those who treated the eye when he began practice. He is a recognized authority both in this and foreign countries in the branch to which he has devoted his attention and is regarded not only as one of the eminent physicians of Cleveland but of the country as well. HENRY A. CHISHOLM. Henry A. Chisholm, as president of the William Chisholm's Sons Company and formerly as manager of the Chisholm Steel Shovel Works, has contributed to Cleveland's fame as an industrial center and through his connection with other important business enterprises has likewise advanced the commercial and financial interests of the city. Almost his entire life has been passed in Cleveland, although he was born in Montreal, Canada, November 18, 1851. His father, William Chisholm, was of Scotch nativity but crossed the Atlantic to Canada about 1848, and in 1854 came to the Forest city, with the business interests of which he was identified for more than forty years. In the fall of 1877 he established the Chisholm Steel Shovel Works, one of the oldest industries of this kind in the United States. He remained active in its management and control until about ten years prior to his death, when he retired from business, spending his remaining days in the enjoyment of well earned rest, his long and useful life being brought to a close on the l0th of January, 1907. He was a man of marked initiative spirit and of keen business sagacity, possessing, moreover, that type of mind which finds its greatest pleasure in successfully accomplishing tasks of great difficulty. Henry A. Chisholm was but three years of age at the time of the removal of the family to Cleveland, and when a lad of six he was sent to the public schools, while later he went to Exeter, New Hampshire, there to prepare for college. Afterward entering Harvard, he was graduated within its classic walls in 1874 and, returning to Cleveland, entered the steel mills of the Cleveland Rolling Mills Company for the purpose of becoming thoroughly familiar with the steel industry in its practical operation. In 1877, when his father established the Chisholm Steel Shovel Works, he became interested in the enterprise, with which he has been connected continuously since, his previous experience and business capacity well fitting him for the responsibilities that devolved upon him when upon his father's death he became manager of the business. In 1910 the Chisholm Steel HISTORY OF CLEVELAND - 977 Shovel Company was incorporated as the William Chisholm's Sons Company, with H. A. Chisholm, president, A. T. Chisholm, vice president, and A. E. Cook, secretary and treasurer. Mr. Chisholm has made it his purpose to maintain the high standard for which his father worked, and the product of the plant has included only the highest grade of tools, so that the business today enjoys a national reputation for the excellence of its product, as well as for the extent of its operations. Through a wise business policy the enterprise has been maintained upon a sound financial basis, so that a substantial and gratifying return has been received upon the original investment of capable and well devised plans. While signally successful in this field of activity, Mr. Chisholm has also evinced active interest in other enterprises, was a director of the Union Steel Screw Company, and is now a director of the National Screw & Tack Company, which absorbed the Union Steel Screw Company. The negotiation for this absorption was mainly conducted by Mr. Chisholm. A coincidence in connection with the Union Steel Screw Company was that Mr. Chisholm's father was the first vice president, and the son, H. A., was the last official in that capacity. He is also a director of the First National Bank and the Central National Bank and in the Superior Savings & Trust Company he is a stockholder. His name is an honored one in financial circles and wherever the output of the William Chisholm's Sons Company is known, for he has held to that high and honorable policy which has been the guiding spirit of the company from the inception of the business. In Boston, Massachusetts, in 1877, Mr. Chisholm was married to Miss Eliza Gertrude Tozier, of that city, and they have one son, Andre T., who is a graduate of the Princeton class of 1902 and is superintendent of the William Chisholm's Sons Company. He married Laura Hickox Brown, a daughter of Harvey H. and a granddaughter of Fayette Brown. They have one daughter, Elizabeth, born June 22, 1907. Mr. Chisholm is identified with some of the more important social organizati0ns of Cleveland through his membership in the Union, University, Euclid and Mayfield Country Clubs. Politically he is in sympathy with the republican party but aside from casting his influence for municipal progress he has taken little part in the city's public life. His acts, which are the expression of upright and honorable ideals and an exposition of a kindly and helpful spirit, have made him a citizen to be admired and a man to whom friends give unfaltering loyalty. HENRY A. TREMAINE. There are many instances which prove that diligence alone will not win suc- cess, but when it is supplemented by discriminating judgment it becomes a dynamic force in the business world and leads ever to successful accomplishment. A man of well balanced capacities and powers, Henry A. Tremaine has that strength of character and steadfast purpose which inspires confidence in others and in his business career has made steady progress until his position in trade circles is an important 0ne, for he is now treasurer of the National Electric Lamp Company. He was born in Brownville, New York, June 7, 1852, and is a representative of one of the early families of Jefferson county, New York. His father, Abner Tremaine, was a native of the Empire state, born in 1812. Throughout the greater part of his life he followed merchandising, thus providing for his family. He married Mahala Hatch, who was born in New York in 1819 and belonged to an old Connecticut family represented in America in colonial days. The death of Mr. Tremaine occurred in 1871 and his wife, long surviving him, passed away in 1908. Henry A. Tremaine spent the first twelve years of his life in the place of his nativity and then accompanied his parents on their removal to Michigan. He supplemented his early education by study in the State University of Michigan 978 - HISTORY OF CLEVELAND and was graduated from the school of chemistry in 1875 as a pharmaceutical chemist. After the completion of his college course he established a drug store in Ann Arbor, Michigan, conducting the business for three and a half years, after which he removed to Missouri, in 1879, and for a short time engaged in general merchandising there. At the expiration of that period he returned to Hartland, Michigan, where he continued in business for a year and a half, beginmng the manufacture of vinegar and pickles. The enterprise proved profitable and was continued until 1894, after which Mr. Tremaine began a wholesale business in vinegar. In December, 1884, however, he took up the work of manufacturing electric light carbon, a business that was then in its infancy. Immediate success came to him, his enterprise continually developing along substantial lines until 1893, when a number of different firms were merged into the National Carbon Company. Mr. Tremaine then sold his interests in Cleveland and removed to Fostoria, Ohio, where he established a similar plant under the name of the Crouse-Tremaine Carbon Company. After conducting business there for nine years he then sold out to the National Carbon Company with the understanding that he would not again become actively connected with that line of business. In February, 1897, while in Fostoria, he began the manufacture of incandescent lamps and in 1901 organized the National Electric Lamp Company, returning to Cleveland in the fall of 1902 as treasurer of this company. The principal offices of the company are in New York and Cleveland, and they control about thirty per cent of the business of the country, having factories in about twelve of the leading cities and in some instances there are two or more factories in one city. In these different factories are manufactured different kinds of lamps to meet the varied demands of the trade. Their output is sent to all parts of America and their business is constantly expanding, being now one of the leading productive industries of the country. In 1879 Mr. Tremaine was married to Miss Emma Crouse, a native of Michigan, and a daughter of Robert and Mary (Sample) Crouse. The family resi- dence is at No. 1911 East Seventy-fifth street. Fraternally Mr. Tremaine is connected with the Masons, having attained the thirty-second degree in the Scottish Rite, and is also a member of the Mystic Shrine. He is likewise connected with the Cleveland Athletic Club, is a member of the executive committee of the Business Men's Club of the Young Men's Christian Association. He has not concentrated his energies upon his business to the exclusion of all outside interests but keeps well informed on questions of vital interest to the community and to the public at large. In trade relations he has made gradual advancement, manifesting in all his career an intelligent anticipation of possibilities, ready at any time to guide the destinies of the enterprise with which he has been associated. He has splendid reserve force as well as resourceful ability, and throughout his life has manifested an habitual regard for what is best in the exercise of human activities. His chief sources of recreation are motoring and fishing. REV. FRANCIS A. MALLOY. The Rev. Francis A. Malloy, rector of St. Aloysius church of Cleveland, was born in Mulraney, County Mayo, Ireland, December 27, 1863, a son of Michael and Bridget (Lavelle) Malloy and grandson of Daniell Malloy. The latter died in 1878, aged ninety-seven years. Michael Malloy was born in the same place as his son in 1826 and died August 23, 1899. His wife was born February 15, 1838, and was a daughter of Edward Lavelle. On May 1, 1882, Michael Malloy came to Cleveland and lived retired for some years before his demise. While residing in Ireland he was engaged in farming operations. Sev- HISTORY OF CLEVELAND - 979 eral cousins on both sides of the house are m the priesthood. Father Malloy has three brothers and one sister : John, a contractor of Cleveland; Michael, a retired resident of Cleveland; James, an employe of the East Gas Company of Cleveland; and Catherine, the wife of John E. Darlton, of Cleveland. Father Malloy was educated in the national and parochial schools of Ireland, and after he came to Cleveland he took a course in the Cleveland Business College. Following this he entered Assumption College at Sandwich, Ontario, Canada, and was graduated from that institution in 1886. He then attended St. Mary's Seminary of Cleveland in order to complete his theological course, but as his health failed he returned to Canada and taught for a year in the college. Again entering the seminary, he was ordained priest December 17, 1892, by Bishop Horstmann, celebrating his first mass in St. Malachi's church, December 18, 1872. His first charge was the Holy Name church in South Cleveland, and he remained there seven years. Following this he was pastor of St. Mary's church at Norwalk, Ohio, but after four years he was transferred to his present charge, on October I, 1904. The parish was established June 30, 1901, and its first priest was the Rev. Joseph S. Smith, whom Father Malloy succeeded. There are now four hundred families in the parish and three hundred pupils in the school presided over by six teachers. The church property has a frontage of three hundred feet on East One Hundred and Ninth street and two hundred and thirty feet on St. Clair street. The congregation at present worships in the school building but owing to the increasing numbers a new church must soon be erected which will cost about one hundred thousand dollars, and a new parochial residence is to be built in 1910, costing about fifteen thousand dollars. In 1908 the church bought the Episcopal church of the Incarnation. Father Malloy is a man who commands confidence and who has inspired his people with a deep love for him. He is a convincing speaker and excellent manager and in the work before him of building his new church, without doubt will be able to successfully cope with his various problems. EUGENE GRASSELLI. The life history of Eugene Grasselli is another indication that in America avenues of opportunity are open to all who choose to enter therein. With laudable ambition as a stimulus for continued activity and with broad knowledge as the foundation for success, Mr. Grasselli steadily worked his way upward until he was widely known as the founder and owner of the most extensive chemical manufactory of this part of the country. Moreover, in all relations of citizenship and of private life he commanded the honor and respect of his fellowmen. A native of the city of Strasburg, in what is now the German province of Alsace, Eugene Grasselli was born January 31, 1810. His father, Jean Angelo Grasselli, became prominent as a chemist of Strasburg, establishing and conducting an extensive business, while his scientific investigations also won him prominence. The son was afforded liberal educational privileges, receiving a university training, which included elaborate instruction in chemistry. His attention being called to America and its business opportunities, he resolved to seek the broader field of labor offered on this side the Atlantic and in 1836 arrived in the new world, locating first' at Philadelphia, where he secured a position with the firm of Farr & Kuenzie, the predecessors of the now widely known firm of Powers & Weightman, manufacturing chemists. For three years Mr. Grasselli remained a resident of Philadelphia but wishing to engage in business independently, he removed to Cincinnati, where on a small scale he began the manufacture of chemicals, opening the first establishment of the kind west of the Alleghanies. From the beginning the new enterprise prospered and soon grew to extensive proportions, owing to his capable management, the excellence of the products 980 - HISTORY OF CLEVELAND which he turned out and the demand which he created in the market of the west. The business enjoyed a continuous growth for more than a quarter of a century and then Mr. Grasselli, in 1867, decided to establish a branch in Cleveland. He removed with his family to this city and perfected the arrangements that resulted in opening the large works of the Grasselli Chemical Company in this city. The branch soon outgrew the parent establishment and the name of Eugene Grasse11i became a familiar one in technical commercial circles throughout the country in association with the production of perfect chemicals and wherever those products of science are known and used. Mr. Grasselli was a thorough master of the business, understanding fully the properties of all the chemicals which he used, as well as the processes of manufacture. Through him general knowledge of chemistry as a practical commercial science has been greatly enlarged and to him is due the credit of having created one of the most important and extensive manufacturing industries of the country. The trade of the house now reaches from ocean to ocean, the business being developed along substantial modern lines in keeping with the progressive spirit characteristic of the age. On the 17th of June, 1837, Mr. Grasselli was united in marriage to Miss Fredrica Eisenbarth, of Wurtemberg, and unto them were born nine children, three sons and six daughters. The sons are all mentioned elsewhere in this volume. The death of the husband and father occurred in Cleveland, January 10, 1882, and a feeling of uniform sorrow spread throughout the city, for he had occupied so prominent a place in business circles and had been so true and loyal in his friendships and in his citizenship that the news of his death brought a sense of personal bereavement to all who knew him. He was a gentleman of broad learning and culture, whose salient characteristics won him the respect, honor and warm friendship of those with whom he was associated. He never sought to figure prominently in public life outside of his business connections and he found his greatest happiness at his own fireside and in assisting those less for- tunate. He was very generous and the poor and needy found in him a friend. While his benevolences were many, he was always most unostentatious in his charity, preferring to give in a manner so quiet that none should know of his charity save himself and the recipient. His scholarly taste made him a valued friend of all those who appreciate higher education and culture, while his sterling honor and integrity under all circumstances won him unqualified confidence and regard. WEBB C. BALL. Webb C. Ball has been a dynamic force in a project of vital significance to the whole country, although his work is in some measure unknown to those not thoroughly acquainted with the "up-to-date" system of railroad operation. However, his name in the press now awakens general interest, for he has become known as the originator and inventor of railroad watch movements and new appliances used in their construction, his skill in that direction winning him fame throughout the United States, Canada and Mexico. More than all this, he stands at the head of his extensive Railroad Time Inspection Service which has been of incalculable benefit in preventing the loss of life and the destruction of property through railroad accidents, Aside from these connections, he is recognized in Cleveland as one of the leading and prosperous merchants of the city. His youthful days were passed on his father's farm in Knox county, Ohio, where his birth also occurred, but agricultural pursuits did not prove especially attractive to him, his natural tendencies being mechanical, especially in more minute and intricate phases. He was therefore, apprenticed to the watchmaking and jewelry trade, for four years, his wages being fixed at one dollar per week the first two years, and seven dollars per week the third and fourth. (Would a young HISTORY OF CLEVELAND - 983 man now a days be willing to start on such a meager basis?) For eight years he worked at the bench, while from 1874 until 1879 he occupied the responsible position of business manager with the Deuber Watch Case Manufacturing Company, whose plant was then located in Cincinnati. For thirty-one years Mr. Ball has been a resident of Cleveland, coming to this city on the 19th of March, 1879, at which time he began business in the watch and jewelry trade on his own account on the site where he still remains. The years have chronicled a constant increase of business until he today has the largest house for the sale of railroad standard watches, precious stones, jewelry and solid silverware in this part of the country. Two show cases and a work bench on one side of the room constituted the nucleus of the present establishment. The trade steadily increased in extent and volume, and in 1891 a stock company was formed, up to which time Mr. Ball had been alone in the ownership and control of the enterprise. The Webb C. Ball Company was then incorporated under the laws of the state with a paid-up capital of one hundred thousand dollars, Mr. Ball acting as manager and treasurer for some time, while later he became president of the company. The name of Ball is today a synonym for accuracy in construction of railroad watches throughout the entire country. It has been in this line that the ingenuity and mechanical skill of Mr. Ball have been brought into play. He has made a special study of the requirements of railroad men in the matter of timepieces and in his efforts to keep abreast of the marvelous strides of recent years in railroad speed and equipment, he has produced several distinct watch movements, covered by his own patents and trademarks. Each is adapted to fill the requirements of those for whose use it was constructed and is a triumph of mechanical art, unexcelled in the history of railroad watch construction. In an article written by James B. Morrow and published January 16, 1910, in a large number of leading papers, Mr. Ball was mentioned as "the man who holds a watch on one hundred and twenty-five thousand miles of railroad." He was, moreover, characterized as "time expert," and to him was given the credit which is justly his due, of being the pioneer in the field of railroad watch inspection and regulation. His becoming interested in the subject was the result of a railroad collision which occurred on the Lake Shore & Michigan Southern Railroad April 18, 1891, between the fast mail and an accommodation train. Nine United States postal clerks lost their lives besides both engineers and firemen. In the trials which followed Mr. Ball was frequently called to testify, and the facts brought out in the trial proved that the accident was due to deficient watches in the hands of trainmen in charge of the accommodation train. Soon afterward Mr. Ball was authorized to prepare a plan of inspection and to investigate conditions on the Vanderbilt lines east of Chicago. He found there was no uniformity in trammen's watches ; they were of any make which the owner wished to use and at times freight trains were operated according to alarm clocks hung in the cab00se. He also found that clocks in roundhouses and train dispatchers' offices were not regulated according to a uniform schedule. As the result of this investigation Mr. Ball evolved a plan of inspection for the watches used by railroad employes, and for the Standard clocks as well. This plan provides that watches of standard grade must be carried by men in charge of trams. No discrimination is permitted against any watch manufactory if its products meet the requirements, the railroad grades of eight leading watch factories being accepted under the inspection rule. Local inspectors are appointed at division points, with Mr. Ball's head office at Cleveland. To these local inspectors trainmen must report every two weeks ; they are furnished with a clearance card certificate which must record any variation in their watches. If anything is found amiss the trainmen must secure a Standard Loaner watch and leave his own for adjustment. These loaned watches are furnished without expense to the trainmen. By this card system a perfect record is kept and the trainmen cheerfully comply, as it safeguards the service and themselves as well. 984 - HISTORY OF CLEVELAND Thus liability to accident is avoided under this system of time and watch inspection. Over seventy-five per cent of the different railroads are employing the system instituted by Mr. Ball. The value of this system cannot be overestimated and stands as one of the crowning efforts of a well spent life, having undoubtedly saved the lives of hundreds and perhaps thousands, as well as railroad property of great value. Mr. Ball maintains a large office force in Cleveland, also in Chicago and San Francisco, with traveling assistants whose duties are given entirely to the Time and Watch Inspection Service. The railroad lines in eastern and central districts are administered from the Cleveland office, while the railroads in the Chicago, middle western and southern districts are administered from the Chicago office, and Pacific lines from the San Francisco office. Correct records of all the watches carried by the employes of the different rail- roads are on file in one or other 0f these offices. In 1879 was celebrated the marriage of Webb C. Ball and Miss Florence I. Young, daughter of William H. Young, of Kenton, Ohio, and their family now numbers a son and three daughters. Politically an independent republican, Mr. Ball is without aspiration for office and yet no one manifests a higher spirit of progressive citizenship or is more loyal to the interests of the community. Through the establishment and control of a large commercial enterprise, in addition to his extensive railroad time service, he has contributed to the material development of Cleveland and his influence at all times is given to every movement for the public good. Mr. Ball's life is a splendid illustration of the fact that not in the fortune of birth or early environment lies the secret of success, but rather in the individual who calls forth his inherent powers to meet and utilize the opportunities as they arise. GUSTAVE C. E. WEBER, M. D. Cleveland has no more prominent representative of the medical profession than Dr. Gustave Carl Erich Weber, who has been engaged in practice here for over a half century and has been identified with the medical institutions of the city. A native of Germany, he was born at Bonn, on the Rhine, May 26, 1830, and is a son of Dr. Moritz Ignatz Weber, one of the most distinguished anatomists of his day, having been decorated by several of the crowned heads of Europe for distinguished services in the cause of the science. The father occupied the chair of anatomy in the University of Bonn from its organization in 1818, having previously been connected with the University of Landshut as demonstrator of anatomy. His call to the University of Bonn was a great honor for a young man and the appointment was undoubtedly due to the fact that his nephew, Phillip Franz Von Walther, one of the most renowned surgeons of Europe and the author of the Progressive System of Surgery, had been professor of surgery in both of the institutions before him. The University of Bonn has had more distinguished students than any other in its most brilliant career, and Dr. Weber remained connected with that institution for many years. He died there in 1875 at the age of eighty-four years. He was the author of a large, three volume text-book on anatomy and also published many other valuable works, some of which were translated into every printed language. These included the largest and most comprehensive, illustrated atlas extant, containing life size folder plates and many full page illustrations. On the maternal side he is also of distinguished ancestry, his mother being a noblewoman, a member of the Von Podewils family. Dr. G. C. E. Weber began his education in the gymnasium of Bonn and the college there. Before entering the medical profession, however, he emigrated to America in 1849 as he did not care to become involved in the revolution of that year. He located in St. Louis and there continued his studies, taking his HISTORY OF CLEVELAND - 985 degree at the medical department of Washington University in 1850. At that time he created a deep impression for his work in anatomy, a record of which is still to be found in the museum of the college. While in St. Louis he also took an interest in agriculture. Returning to Europe, he continued his studies and investigations at Amsterdam, Holland, under Professors Schneevogt and I. M. Schrant and then went to Vienna, where for a year he made his home with Professor Carl Braun, being interne at the great Lying-In Hospital at that place. He also attended lectures at Prague, Berlin and Paris, studying under such noted professors as Charles A. Pope, Carl Braun, Klein, Rokitanzky, Hebra and Skoda. He devoted special attention to obstetrics at Vienna and was interne at the Buiten Gasthuis one year. Being pleased with the city of Amsterdam, Dr. Weber had decided to locate there to engage in the practice of his profession but, his brother Eduard having become ill and obliged to give up his practice in New York, our subject took charge of his affairs in this city in 1853 and was engaged in practice there for about three years. It was during that time that he met Miss Ruth Elizabeth Cheney and in 1854 they were united in marriage. Unto them was born a son, Carl, who also became a physician but is now deceased. While attending a medical convention in Detroit, in May, 1856, the Doctor stopped at Cleveland to visit some of his wife's relatives. Believing that the climate of New York city did not agree with him he had about decided to leave the east and, on hearing that the professor of surgery of the Cleveland Medical College had resigned from the faculty, he expressed a desire to attain the position left vacant. Through the influence of his friend, Professor Leidy, this was soon arranged, although there were from fifteen to twenty applicants, and in the fall of 1856 Dr. Weber assumed his duty here. His college work was interrupted during the Civil war for one of the first acts of Governor Tod on assuming office was to appoint Dr. Weber, who was his private physician, as surgeon general of the Ohio forces in the autumn of 1861 with special mission to organize a system for the better medical care of troops in the field. The duties of this position he most faithfully discharged. Through his influence the Ohio troops were better cared for and his services becoming widely known he was called into consultation in many cases by the surgeon general of the United States, William A. Hammond, and by Secretary of War Stanton. The soldiers at the front were soon benefitted by his medical and surgical knowledge, sanitary suggestions and care. In the spring of 1863 he severed his connection with the Cleveland Medical College and the following year organized the Charity Hospital Medical College, becoming professor of clinical surgery and dean of the faculty. This institution was finally merged into the medical department of the University of Wooster and he became a member of the faculty of the latter. At the request of Governor Tod he again became identified with military services by accepting the position of surgeon of the One Hundred and Twenty-ninth Ohio Infantry for the purpose of assisting with his influence the work of enlisting that regiment at the camp on the Heights, now University road southwest. He was appointed consulting surgeon of Charity Hospital which was founded by Bishop Rappe but owed its existence at that time mainly to Dr. Weber's suggestions and efforts. From first to last his services to the hospital were gratuitously rendered. In 1880, after the merging of the two medical colleges then in Cleveland-the Cleveland Medical College and the medical department of the University of Wooster—and the name being changed to the medical department of the Western Reserve University, Dr. Weber became dean of that institution and filled the position until appointed consul to Nuremburg, Germany, in 1897, by President McKinley through the earnest soplicitation of Senator Hanna and numerous other friends. Not being pleased with that position, the Doctor finally asked to be relieved before his term was entirely finished. He was very much annoyed by many remarks made by German surgeons to the honor of his fellow countrymen and said if he had been a 986 = HISTORY OF CLEVELAND younger man he would have fought more than one duel as a result of slight to his countrymen. At the breaking out of the Spanish-American war a swaggering German lieutenant enraged the Doctor by declaring that "the Americans would find out something now ; that they were going to fight a real army and not a division of themselves." "You forget, my friend," retorted the Doctor, "that before America was even a country, when it consisted of a few straggling settlements, it defeated not only the English army but the German army, hired for the occasion as well." Since his return Dr. Weber has lived at his country place, Cosey Bank at Willoughby, which he purchased over thirty years ago. During his long residence in Cleveland he was identified with many of its public interests, especially in the line of his profession. In 1859 he founded the Cleveland Medical Gazette, which he continued to edit during the several years of its existence. From 1870 to 1885 he was at the height of his success as a surgeon and during his long practice here he has performed many remarkable op- erations, which have attracted widespread attention. N0 man in Cleveland today has had a better training as a surgeon and his success may be attributable to his preparation rather than to luck or personal ability alone. He had a habit always of analyzing an operation after he had made it and often after a day of clinics would sit up far into the night, going over every detail of the many cases with his assistants. At all times he kept up to the very latest literature by having a book dealer of New York frequently send him large consignments of books, which he would look over, sending back those he did not care for but always keeping a large number. These included the latest publications in French and German as well as English. His library together with his surgical instruments and all of his portraits of medical men except a few of the old teachers too dear to him to be parted with has been turned over to the Cleveland Medical Library Association. On his return from Germany a banquet was given in his honor at the Uni- versity Club on the evening of May 8, 1902, under the auspices of the Cleveland Medical Association, and was attended by about one hundred and fifty of the representative physicians of the city and northern Ohio. But, during the toast, while his friend, Dr. Thaddeus Reamy of Cincinnati, was telling of his regard for Dr. Weber, the latter was seen to sink forward and fall to he floor. He has since recovered from this stroke and is now spending his days pleasantly at C0sey Bank in company with his wife and surrounded by many warm friends. Revered and honored by all who know him, no member of the medical fra- ternity in Ohio stands higher in public esteem than Dr. Weber. REV. LATHROP COOLEY. In the death of the Rev. Lathrop Cooley, on the 2d of January, 1910, not only the city of Cleveland but northern Ohio as well lost a man who by common consent stood for years as a representative of the very best in Ohio citizenship. He was dean of the ministers of the Disciples faith and a man whose influence for good was immeasurable. A native of Genesee county, New York, he was born October 25, 1821, of New England parentage. His ancestors were among the founders of Massachusetts in the colonial days and one of them, Major Lathrop, served as an officer in the French and Indian war. Lathrop Cooley was 0ne of a family of nine children, all of whom grew to manhood or womanhood, reared families and were most useful and influential citizens in the communities in which they lived. He was but a lad of eight years when his parents removed to what was then the far west and settled in Portage county, Ohio. This was in 1829 and in the midst of frontier life and vicissitudes the boy grew to manhood. Work was plentiful and, as was the custom in those days, a few months' HISTORY OF CLEVELAND - 989 schooling in winter followed a long summer of hard labor on the farm, the fields having to be developed from a forest tract. Later the family removed to Lorain county. Lathrop Cooley acquired his preliminary education in the district schools of his locality and later attended what was then the Brooklyn Academy, his educational training being concluded at Bethany, West Virginia. In early manhood he taught school and at the age of twenty-two began preaching, delivering his first sermon at his home church—a log cabin in the woods at North Eaton, Lorarn county, his pulpit being a huge block of wood. Around him stood a dozen men and a few women who had braved the dangers of the frontier. As the country became more thickly settled the log cabins disappeared and in their places were built houses from lumber sawed at their very doors. Each year brought new neighbors. It was finally decided to build a church at North Eaton. A little sawmill was erected near the site of the proposed church and the lumber was cut there. The church was soon dedicated, the members of the congregation contributing nearly everything toward its construction. The young pastor had a difficult task for the first few years. He lived here and there among the members of his congregation, often helping in the fields at harvest time, and at other times when he could leave his religious studies. Many a time he completed his Sunday sermon by the dim rays of a tallow candle or the light from the old open fireplace. For many years it had been Dr. Cooley's custom to visit the North Eaton church on the second Sunday. of July, the anniversary of his first sermon. This year would have been his sixty-sixth anniversary. At the age of twenty-four he was called to the pastorate of the Franklin Circle church, being its first regular pastor. With the exception of a year spent in and around Chicago, Dr. Cooley's life work was on the Western Reserve. For more than sixty years he had been in active service in the ministry of the Disciple church. He was the first pastor of the Franklin Circle Disciple church, his salary the first year being one hundred dollars. He had long pastorates in Cleveland, Akron, Painesville, North Royalton and North Eaton. In 1877 he started the Disciples mission, which met at old Erie street and Hamilton avenue. In 1883 this became the Cedar Avenue church, which recently moved to Crawford Road. In 1880 Dr. Cooley became superintendent and chaplain of the Bethel. For a number of years he was the financial agent of Hiram College and for over thirty years had been a trustee of that institution. He was a director of the Citizens Savings & Trust Company. for more than twenty years and was closely identified with many other business enterprises. In his chosen calling as a minister of the gospel, Dr. Cooley was widely known outside of his denominational affiliation, having taken an active part in general religious work. Lathrop Cooley was probably in the active service of the church more years than any other man in Cleveland. He officiated at more than five hundred weddings and conducted more than two thousand funerals. He was widely known outside the ministry. In 1910 Hiram College conferred the degree. of A. M. upon Mr. Cooley and the same year Baldwin University conferred up0n him the degree of D. D. Rev. Cooley's life was one of great usefulness in many spheres. Courteous in his bearing toward all, he was gentle in spirit, firm in principle, indefatigable in toil and unwearying in his service to all good causes. He reverently found God's, work in nature and in history, and obedient to God's voice in his own soul, enjoyed the work of seeking to lead other men to the same obedience. His reverently beautiful face and fine physique made him a striking personality, and his intelligence and mental alertness and widespread interest in the work of the world as manifested in his later years, were unusual in a man of his age. He was a true friend in his interest and generosity, ever ready with encouragement and aid, and his uniformly kind and courteous manner marked him a true gentleman of the old school. As he advanced in years to a venerable age, he retained not only the physical but also the intellectual vigor of a much younger man. His noble life, rounded out in years, and his good example could not fail to leave a broad impress on those about him. 990 - HISTORY OF CLEVELAND An acquaintance of more than forty years said of him: "As a man Dr. Cooley was distinguished for his energy and decision of character. The circumstances in which he obtained his education illustrate this—meager as were his opportunities for this, he was determined to secure an education and with little to depend upon but his own exertions he persevered until the end. So in his ministry, whatever he did was done heartily and with a will, and the momentum of his own determination carried others along with him. He was a man of great industry. 'One duty follows another,' was his motto, and he was ready for each duty as it came round. He accomplished a greater amount of labor than many others because he kept doing while other men were resting or deciding what to do. His working power was increased by his remarkable cheerfulness of spirit, the result both of his native temperament and of his Christian faith. He was a man of sound judgment, discreet in dealing with men, possessing much of that common sense which is often worth more than learning or eloquence, and very skillful in estimating men and things at their true value. A man whose social affections never wore out, and rarely has a very aged minister lived who, having buried his generation, could be so social, so happy and so useful among survivors." As a preacher Dr. Cooley has been thus described by one who attended his church for years and knew him well. "His sermons were marked by great simplicity of thought and style and were devoted to the inculcation of the great doctrines and duties of religion. He had a quick and strong sense, an imagination of sufficient power to illustrate his thoughts often by bold figures, and a tenderness and fervor of feeling that gave them a deep impression on his hearers. He never indulged in abstruse speculation nor wasted his efforts on trifles. In the pulpit he was grave, digmfied, earnest and impressive and had eminently the air of an ambassador of God. In prayer he was simple, pertinent and fervid, and he read the Scriptures with unusual propriety and force." For almost fifteen years Dr. Cooley resided in Medina, Ohio, during the summer months and in Cleveland during the winter seasons. The Medina County Gazette said of him editorially : The death of Rev. Lathrop Cooley has removed from this community and from the much wider community of all northern Ohio, a remarkable figure. Medina county was his adopted home in the later years of his life, but his residence in and around Medina for a number of years had made his very notable personal presence familiar to us all. While he was first and fore- most an eloquent and forceful preacher, he was more than that. He was a man of affairs with a decided talent for business. His judgment was exceptionally good in all the affairs of life. His range of acquaintance was very large and on his list of friends were many 'big' men, including men of every honorable walk in life. His bright mind was a storehouse of reminiscences, from which the history of northern Ohio might have been written. Personally it was our loss not to have close acquaintance with this notable man that his residence in our community should have assured, for no more affable nor more genial man ever became a part of our community. We share the feeling expressed by a friend of Dr. Cooley since his death when that friend said: 'The kind face and the high bearing of the man ever as you passed him on the street exerted a good influence on you that you might not be able to explain but yet as real.' Truly a patriarch of northern Ohio has fallen." Dr. Cooley was a man of extensive private interests and of large charity and often his many gifts were known only to the recipients thereof. He had often expressed the wish that his work of preaching the Gospel and of relieving the suffering and needy might continue after him, and to that end his widow and family are about to erect the Cooley Memorial Hospital in Cleveland, which will be one of the most modern institutions of its kind in the country. The Cooley Memorial Fountain at Medina was erected in his memory. Dr. Cooley was first married on the 20th of May, 1848, to Miss Laura Reid, of Granger, Ohio, who died February 6, 1893. Five children were born of that marriage, of whom two are now living: Almon B., of Bloomingdale, Michigan; HISTORY OF CLEVELAND - 991 and the Rev. Harris R. Cooley, who was head of the department of city charities in Cleveland under Mayor Johnson. On the l0th of June, 1895, Dr. Cooley wedded Miss Letta E. Searles, who was for years principal of the Landon school of Cleveland and who survives him. Dr. Cooley was laid to rest in Woodland cemetery. The memory of such a man can never die while living monuments remain upon which were imprinted the touch of his noble soul. THOMAS L. JOHNSON. Thomas L. Johnson, for thirty years a member of the Cleveland bar, holding through much of this period a position of distinctive precedence as one of the abler practitioners of law in this city, was born May 29, 1855, at Mingo, Champaign county, Ohio. His public-school education was supplemented by study in the National Normal School at Lebanon, Ohio, and in that institution he was also a teacher for two years. He did not graduate from college but pursued the usual college course with the help of a tutor while teaching. Determining upon the practice of law as his life work, Mr. Johnson entered the Boston University, where he pursued the regular course and was graduated with the class of 1878. In the fall of that year he came to Cleveland and continued hig reading as a law student in the office of Hutchins & Campbell. Soon afterward, however, he was admitted to the bar and entered upon active practice with D. A. Matthews. This association was maintained for about two years, when in 1881 he became a member of the law firm of Hutchins, Campbell & Johnson. Changes in partnership have since occurred, resulting in the adoption of the firm name of Hutchins, Stewart & Johnson and later of Stewart & Johnson. On the 1st of April, 1890, the partnership of White, Johnson & McCarlin was formed and later White, Johnson; McCarlin & Cannon, which continued until January 1, 1910, when the firm became White, Johnson & Cannon. REV. ADOLPH MARTIN SEEHOLZER. The Rev. Adolph Martin Seeholzer, pastor of St. Boniface church of this city was born on Kelley's Island, Ohio, March 13, 1873, a son of Charles and Sophie (Bollinger) Seeholzer. His father was born in Switzerland, December 25, 1835, and died on Kelley's Island, October 3, 1897. His mother died August 11, 1909, at Cleveland, Ohio. Father Seeholzer was educated in the parochial schools of Kelley's Island and then entered Canisius College of Buffalo, New York, where he finished the classical course at the age of eighteen years. Following this he entered St. Mary's Seminary of Cleveland, being ordained June 4, 1898, by Bishop Horstmann at the cathedral. His first mass was celebrated on Kelley's Island at St. Michael's church, June 12, 1898, and he was appointed assistant to the rector of St. Stephen's church of this city. Here he remained until October 30, 1904, when he was assigned to St. Boniface church, where he has since continued. The parish of St. Boniface was organized by Rev. Casimir Reichlin in 1904, when it was divided from St. Stephen's parish. In 1902 he purchased eight lots on the corner of Carlos avenue and West Fifty-fourth street, running through to West Fifty-second street. On this he built a frame church edifice that would seat four hundred people. This was so arranged, as to be used for school purposes as well, although only designed as a temporary church building. The first mass, celebrated in the new church occurred October 16, 1904, with Father Reichlin officiating. At this service he announced that St. Stephen's parish contributed the eight lots to the new parish, they then being valued at three thousand, two 992 - HISTORY OF CLEVELAND hundred dollars. In 1905 St. Boniface congregation bought eight lots more, and in 1906 bought fifteen additional ones. The church property now occupies an entire block, with a frontage of three hundred and twenty-nine feet and a depth of six hundred feet, with two hundred and twenty-seven feet on Carlos avenue. In 1905 Father Seeholzer built a frame school building, and there is a good parish house and a Sisters house. A barn which was on the property was converted in 1906 into a schoolhouse. There are three hundred and fifty families in the parish, about half speaking German and the remainder English. There are eight schoolrooms with seven Notre Dame Sisters as teachers and there are four hundred and twenty pupils in the school. With the organization of the parish church societies were also established: St. Bonif ace Aid Society and St. Aloysius Young Men's Society which take care of its members in time of sickness and death. The membership of these societies is growing larger from year to year. The teachers are doing a noble work and are training their pupils to be useful men and women. Judging from the progress of the congregation in the past five years this young congregation has a bright future. HENRY HAMMERSLEY. The life record of Henry Hammersley is a splendid example of what perseverance, determination, energy and ability may accomplish. These are the qualities upon which he has built his success and which have carried him into important business relations. He is now local treasurer of the Nickel Plate Railroad and through successive stages of promotion has worked his way up- ward to his present position of responsibility. A native of Allegheny county, Pennsylvania, he comes of English lineage. His father, James Hammersley, was born in Northumberlandshire, England, about 1805, and was the son of a prominent landowner. Becoming dissatisfied at home and being provided generously with funds, he came to the United States when twenty-five years of age and purchased a large block of coal land in what is now Northumberland county, Pennsylvania, and also a plantation near Mem- phis, Tennessee. He likewise engaged in merchandising for a short time but abandoned that pursuit when his son Henry was four years of age, devoting his time to his real-estate interests, which were of considerable magnitude for those days. He died in 1857 at the age of fifty-two years. His wife, who bore the maiden name of Anna Davis, was born in Wales but was reared in England. Of her family history her son Henry knows but little. His elder brother, long since dead, gave the information that she came of an influential family and that her father was financially interested in the mining of tin in Wales and spent his time between the mines and London. Unto Mr. and Mrs. James Hammersley were born three sons and one daughter, of whom George Washington Hammersley of Allegheny City, Pennsylvania, and Henry, of this review, are the only survivors. The latter was educated in the public schools and in Western University of Pennsylvania, but left the latter institution before his graduation, owing to a disagreement with his guardians, of whom there were two in addition to a trustee of the estate. He ran away from home and engaged as a cabin boy on the steamer Roebuck, a new boat built especially for the cotton trade and bound for the Yazoo and Big Sunflower rivers. He was then but fifteen years of age. In time he was advanced to the position of receiving clerk and remained on the river between four and five years, running in various trades on the Ohio, Mis- sissippi, Cumberland, Tennessee and Yazoo rivers, His experience on the river was the most fascinating and romantic of his entire life, especially that on the lower Mississippi, when palatial steamers used to plow its waters. Railroading HISTORY OF CLEVELAND - 995 is tame when compared with steamboating of those days, for steamers were the scene of many brilliant festivities and because of their splendid equipment could well be termed "floating palaces." When Mr. Hammersley retired from the river he returned home to lay claim to his share of the estate, much to the surprise of the executors, who supposed that he was dead. He then studied bookkeeping and was graduated at the end of three months, completing the work that usually required six months. The books written by him then are still in his possession and are models of neatness. Making his way northward from Nashville, Tennessee, he engaged in the boat store business at Evansville, Indiana, but sold out in eighteen months. He was prominent and active in public interests in Evansville during that period and raised the first regular militia company in southern Indiana, known as the Evansville Rifles, in which he received the command from Governor James D. Williams. He also held the position of deputy surveyor of customs, deputy surveyor of port and deputy disbursing officer at Evansville, his commission being issued by Secretary John Sherman. As deputy he disbursed the money for building a new postoffice and custom house at Evansville. After a year, however, he resigned to devote his entire time to private business interests. On disposing of his boat store in Evansville, he returned to Paducah, Kentucky, and for several years was engaged in the office of the Kanawha Salt Company. While with them he made for the home office at Charleston, Virginia, an account sales, using English and German text for a fancy heading with the body in neat backhand. The head office then wrote the agent at Paducah complimenting Mr. Hammersley on the work, stating that they had framed it and hung it up in the office. He next accepted a position at Evansville, Indiana, as chief accountant in the office of L. Ruffner, Jr., & Company, at that time one of the largest grain and commission houses in the southwest, one item of their yearly sales being ninety thousand barrels of salt, while their sales of grain, hay and flour were immense, their trade extending to Charlston, South Carolina, Savannah, Georgia, and other southern points. They were also pork packers and plow manufacturers, all of which accounts were in his charge. He was warned by his former chief that it was too big an enterprise for him to handle, but this determined him more than ever to fill the position. He not only had to keep the current work up but had to check back a half million dollars' worth of work to effect the balance. Putting system into his task, he handled it with ease, being a rapid writer and quick at figures. He has still in his possession an excellent recommendation from this firm, couched in very complimentary terms. After two years with the house the principal stockholder, who was the president of the Citizens National Bank, withdrew and the firm was dissolved. Mr. Hammersley was then offered a position with the German American National Bank of Paducah, Kentucky, at a still further advance in salary, but he decided to accept a position with the firm of H. M.Sweeter & Company, wholesale dry-goods merchants, as chief accountant and credit man. It was predicted by one of their confidential men that Mr. Hammersley would hold the position but a short time as they never had a man who filled the position longer than eighteen months, so strenuous were the demands made upon the incumbent. Mr. Hammersley, however, was a worker and held the place for seven years, working seventeen hours each day during six months of the busy season. He resigned much against the wishes of the company and he now has in his possession a valuable testimonial from them as well as a most complimentary recommendation. In the meantime his reputation for ability, diligence and business capacity was spreading abroad and when he left that place he was offered five different positions all at an advance over his former salary. He did not waste any time but accepted a position with the celebrated railroad construction company of Brown, Howard & Company as auditor and cashier in the building of the extension of the Peoria, Decatur & Evansville Railway and also the New York, Chicago & St. Louis Railroad. He handled fourteen million dollars for 996 - HISTORY OF CLEVELAND this firm without bond and on the completion of the latter road in October, 1882, he was made its assistant treasurer and has remained as such until the present time. He has signed every check issued by this company at Cleveland since it opened for business. His record is a splendid example of the fact that ability will come to the front and that energy and determination win their just rewards. Mr. Hammersley was married in Evansville, Indiana, to Miss Matilda Gra- ham, a daughter of Dr. David Moore Graham, a noted physician and former Mississippi planter, whom he first met on a steamer when, accompanied by his daughter, he was returning to .his home in the south from a trip to Saratoga. Her grandfather, William Graham, was born in Pennsylvama and was a soldier of the Revolutionary war. He had seven sons and three daughters, some of whom settled in the Carolinas, Missouri and other southern states. The family is distantly related to the families of General T. J. (Stonewall) Jackson and D. H. Hill, noted Confederate leaders. Mrs. Hammersley is also related to the royal family of Holland through Baron Otto, who was her mother's uncle. The family tree which was in possession of Aunt Katy Emrich, who guarded it jealously when alive, has disappeared since her death and the family have been unable to locate it. Mr. and Mrs. Hammersley have one child, a daughter Grace, now the wife of H. T. Rice, of Louisville, Kentucky. Mr. and Mrs. Ham- mersley reside at No. 1601 Twenty-first street in Cleveland. If he has any fads athletics is one of them and, like his father, he has always been fond Of horses, spending much time in riding and driving previous to his coming north. Formerly he was a member of the Colonial and Transportation Clubs but at present holds membership with the Cleveland Athletic Club only. He is a man of forceful character, a typical representative of the enterprising American and stands also as a high type of manhood and chivalry. JAMES C. BRAINARD. James C. Brainard who entered the services of the Johnston & Jennings Company, winning promotion to the position of manager in 1895, since which time he has had charge of the foundry and machine shops of the company which are located on Addison road and the Lake Shore & Michigan Southern Railway, belongs to that class of men whose earnest, persistent purpose constitutes the basis on which they have built their success. He was born in Gates Mills, Ohio, October 5, 1863, and was seven years of age when brought to Cleveland by his parents. The father, George Brainard, was likewise a native of this state, representing one of the old pioneer families of Ohio, established here in 1812, at which time ancestors of our subject came from Connecticut and settled in that section of Cleveland which was formerly called Ohio City. He became a farmer on the south side and was identified with general agricultural interests until after the outbreak of the. Civil war, when he responded to the country's call for aid and went to the front, valiantly espousing the Union cause until the battle of Gettysburg, in which he gave his life as a ransom for his country. James C. Brainard attended the public schools and was at one time a pupil in the old high school which stood on the present site of the Citizens building. Crossing the threshold 0f business life, his first step took him into the employ of Thomas R. Reeves, who was conducting business under the name of the Novelty Iron Company. He remained with that house for five years and then turned his attention to the commission business. Later he became connected with the Likly, McDonald & Rockett Company, manufacturers of trunk and leather goods, and in 1890 he became connected with his present firm. While upon the road placing orders for the house he became familiar with the line of goods manufactured, and his previous training in business circles further qualified him for promotion to the position of manager when, in 1895, he was given that position by HISTORY OF CLEVELAND - 997 the company. They are the largest manufacturers of sash weights in the world and they also do an extensive business in designing and building heavy machinery. To control an enterprise of this extent and importance requires marked executive ability, thorough understanding of the practical workings of the foundry and a keen insight into trade demands—in all of which particulars James C. Brainard is well qualified, so that his labors are constituting an important element in the successful and profitable conduct of the business of the Johnston & Jennings Company. Mr. Brainard has been married twice, the first time in 1892 and again in 1902, his first wife having died in 1899. His residence is at No. 2113 East Ninetieth street. His vacations find him an ardent sportsman with rod and gun. He is known in military circles for he is a veteran of Troop A. He is well known in Masonic circles, having taken the degrees of the lodge, chapter and commandery, and is one of the popular members of the Cleveland Athletic Club of which he is now a director. He is likewise identified with the Chamber of Commerce and is interested in its projects for the city's upbuilding along commercial and industrial lines. His record reflects credit upon an untarnished family name which for almost a century has been honorably connected with Cleveland's history and the development of its various activities. REV. LUKE RATH, C. P. P. S. The Rev. Luke Rath of the Society of the Precious Blood and pastor of the Sacred Heart of Mary church was born at Cologne, Germany, January 20, 1867, a son of John and Sybilla (Koch) Rath. His father was born in Westphalia, Germany, in 1819, and died in 1891 in Columbus, Ohio, where he settled upon coming to the United States in 1883. His wife was also born in Germany in 1826, and died in 1880. Father Rath was educated in the government school at Essen, Germany, continuing there until he was fourteen years of age, when he was brought to the United States by his parents. When he was nineteen, in 1888, he entered St. Charles Seminary at Carthagena, Ohio, to study for the priesthood, taking the philosophical and theological courses. Here he spent ten years, being ordained February 26, 1898, by Archbishop Elder of Cincinnati at the seminary. He celebrated his first mass at the Holy Cross church, Columbus, Ohio, March 5, 1898. For the following ten years he was a teacher in St. Joseph College at Rensselaer, Indiana, in the classical course, but February 2, 1908, was appointed to his present charge. On January 3, 1887, he was admitted t0 membership in the Society of the Precious Blood. The parish of the Sacred Heart of Mary was organized July 11, 1873, and the first pastor was Rev. P. F. Quigby, S. J., who continued in charge until 1885. The church edifice stood on Broadviw Road but it was burned May, 1907, and services are now held on the first floor of the fine school building on Pearl Road that cost fifty thousand dollars. In recognition of the good work done by the Precious Blood Fathers in the diocese of Cleveland the late Rt. Rev. Bishop Ignatius F. Horstmann gave the parish in charge of the Society of the Precious Blood. These good priests were the pioneers in the diocese. The Society of the Precious Blood has a new house for the missionaries and the parish one for the teachers. There are one hundred and thirty families in the parish, two hundred pupils in the charge of four teachers, and conditions are flourishing now under the energetic management of Father Rath. Following the first priest were these given below : Father D. Scherer from 1885 to 1888; Father Hofstetter from 1888 to 1890; Father D. A. Steffen from 1890 to 1893; Father Michael Baker from 1893 to 1894; Father Neustich, S. J., and Father Schwick from 1895 to 1896; Father N. P. Weckel from 1896. to 1908, 998 - HISTORY OF CLEVELAND when Father Rath took charge. His work here has been of a comprehensive character and very exhaustive on account of the many matters which have re- quired his attention. He is a learned man and also one who has much executive ability and under his management the parish has been placed in an excellent condition in every particular. JEREMIAH J. SULLIVAN. To plan and to perform seem but a pastime to Jeremiah J. Sullivan, for apparently with the utmost ease he manipulates mammoth financial enterprises or institutes new undertakings, many of which have brought him wealth while others, founded in the spirit of philanthropy, have been of widespread benefit to his fellowmen. He stands as a central figure in the banking circles of Cleveland and his name is known and honored among the leading financiers of the country. Viewed from the standpoint of the present his career partakes of the marvelous, and yet careful investigation will bring to light the fact that there has been no esoteric or unusual phase in his record. It is that of a man who has labored— labored long and diligently, never heedlessly passing by the least opportunity or neglecting the slightest advantage. Earnest, discriminating study of each duty that has devolved upon him and of each situation in which he has been placed has brought him the keen and discriminating knowledge that now enables him to bring ready and correct solution to the mammoth financial problems which are presented to him. Mr. Sullivan was born November 16, 1845, and the free and happy, if busy, life of the farm was his in his youthful days, the family home being near the vil- lage of Fulton, Stark county, Ohio. He was a pupil in the village schools and his environment was that of the great majority of Ohio boys, who enjoyed the advantages of public instruction but had little else to aid them in starting out in life. He was seventeen years of age when, constrained by the spirit of patriotism, he joined the Third Ohio Independent Battery for service in the Civil war, continuing in that command from 1862 until the close of hostilities. Valorous service in many hard-fought battles won him the rank of captain and he held that command when, in July, 1865, he was mustered out although it was not until the following November that he attained his majority. It is a notable fact in the life of Mr. Sullivan that he has never been in another's employ. Desiring to engage in business, in 1867 he purchased with a partner a general store in Nashville, Ohio, and his impressive personality was soon felt in the conduct of the enterprise. While always dignified, he yet has a manner that wins regard and friendship and the local neighborhood found it a pleasure to trade with him. The business of the store increased rapidly and at the end of two years he purchased his partner's interest. His success in Nashville prompted him to seek a broader field of labor and in March, 1878, he sold his store and removed to Millersburg, Holmes county, Ohio, where he conducted a general hardware business for ten years, enjoying increasing success throughout that period. His personal popularity is also indicated in the fact that his fellow townsmen during that period urged him to become a candidate for the general assembly. He acceded to this request in 1879 in accepting the democratic nomination for senator from his district, which included the counties of Wayne, Knox, Holmes and Morrow. When the votes were counted he was found to be the successful candidate and for a two years' term he gave serious attention to the problems of state government. At the end of that time he declined a renomination. The public, however, demanded his further service in a legislative capacity and in 1885 he was again elected state senator, his nomination being without opposition in the convention and his election without opposition at the polls. During his legislative career Mr. Sullivan took high grounds on all moral questions and was looked