(RETURN TO THE TITLE PAGE) 50 - HISTORY OF CLEVELAND fications of a candidate rather than his party affiliation. Religiously he is a faithful communicant of the Catholic church, while fraternally he is identified with the Knights of Pythias, the Foresters of America and the C. S. B. P. J. Society. He is also a member of the Brewmasters' Association. He has never had occasion to regret his determination to seek a home in America, for through the wise utilization of his opportunities he has won a creditable position among the substantial and enterprising residents of Cleveland. ANDREW SETH UPSON. With the rapid commercial development of the country there have come to the front men capable of directing mammoth concerns and who by reason of this quality are today the leaders in their particular field of activity. Such has been the record of Andrew Seth Upson, president of the Upson Nut Company and the Union Rolling Mills Company, who stands now at the head of the most extensive nut manufactory of the country. Mr. Upson was born at Burlington, Connecticut, June 16, 1835, and is a representative of one of the old New England families, tracing his ancestry back to Thomas Upson, whose name appears as one of the first settlers and property holders of Farmington, Connecticut. Seth Upson, his grandfather, founded the family at Wolcott, Connecticut, where many of his descendants still reside. Seth Upson, the father, was a farmer by occupation and followed that pursuit in Connecticut until his death, which occurred about 1837. His wife, who bore the maiden name of Martha Brooks, was also a native of Burlington, Connecticut, and died in 1889. One of the members of the family served as mayor of Baltimore and others were prominent in public life. The family of Seth and Martha Upson numbered four daughters and two sons, Andrew S. being the fifth in order of birth. His brother Dennis, becoming a resident of Unionville, was engaged in business with the subject of this review until his death in 1859. On the home farm at Burlington, Connecticut, Andrew S. Upson spent his youthful days, pursuing his education in public and private schools there. In a rural environment he developed a sturdy physique, while his educational advantages brought a mental development that has constituted the foundation of his success in later life. At nineteen years of age he entered the bolt and nut works owned by his brother-in-law, Dwight Langdon, at Farmington, Connecticut, and after being employed in the factory for one year was sent upon the road as a traveling salesman, thus representing the house until the death of Mr. Langdon in 186o, when he formed a partnership with George Dunham and took over the business under the name of Upson & Dunham. At that time between thirty and forty operatives were employed in the factory. The business had been established in 1854 at Unionville, Connecticut, by Mr. Langdon, who manufactured carriage bolts from square iron, having four hand headers, a furnace with a home-made blower and five lathes of various kinds. The plant was valued at ten thousand dollars and had a capacity of three thousand bolts per day. During his early connection with the business Mr. Upson's work consisted of making bolts in the shop a part of the time and driving through the country with a wagon load of bolts and nuts, which he sold to blacksmiths and wagon-makers. Upon becoming head of the firm he instituted various improvements in methods of manufacture and from time to time the business underwent various changes, constantly growing in volume and importance and in time absorbing many large and valuable plants in various parts of the country. Today there is a plant conducted at Unionville and another large plant at Cleveland, and the enterprise is one of the mammoth concerns of its kind in the world. Since the incorporation of the business, July 14, 1864, Mr. Upson has been its president and has been the guiding spirit in its progress, expansion and improvement. The Cleveland fac- HISTORY OF CLEVELAND - 53 tory was opened in 1872 and today there are fourteen hundred employes of the company in their two establishments, while their sales extend not only to every state in the Union but also to Mexico, South America, Europe and Australia. The success which Mr. Upson has attained in manufacturing lines has led to his cooperation being sought in other fields and he is now a member of the advisory board of the Citizens Savings & Trust Company of Cleveland, a director in the Union National Bank, vice president and director of the State Banking & Trust Company and a director in the Western Reserve Insurance Company and the Bankers' Surety Company. Mr. Upson was married in Unionville township, Farmington, Connecticut, October 2, 1859, to Miss Chloe M. Moses, a daughter of Orrin Moses, of Bur- lington, Connecticut. She was a lady of most benevolent spirit, taking an active part in church and charitable work, the poor and needy finding in her a warm friend. She died January 26, 1907, and her loss was deeply deplored by all who knew her. Six children had been born of this marriage, of whom three are yet living: Dennis Andrew and William Jewell, who are associated with their father in business ; and Mary Chloe, the wife of Frederick H. Rose, a son of ex-Mayor Rose and assistant treasurer of the Upson Nut Company. Since 1889 Mr. Upson has spent the larger part of his time in Cleveland but maintained his home in Unionville until the death of his wife, when he removed to this city. He had, however, in the meantime maintained an elegant home at No. 7208 Euclid avenue, having purchased the property in 1899. Both were members of the Congregational church at Unionville. Mr. Upson is one of the trustees of the New Eng- land Society. He is also a member of the Colonial, Euclid and Union Clubs. In politics always a stalwart republican, he has never sought political office except at the solicitation of friends. He served several terms as an assessor and as a member of the board of revision of taxation in Farmington. In 1872 he was elected as a republican to the legislature of his native state and the following year was reelected and in 1879, although resident of a democratic district, he was chosen for the state senate and once more in 1881. In 188o he was a member of the national convention which nominated James A. Garfield for the presidency. His political allegiance is always a matter of principle and nothing could induce him to vote for a candidate whom he thought would abuse the powers of office. In all his life he has stood for a progressive, honorable citizenship and his in- fluence has been a steady, moving force in that direction. In manner unostentatious and free from display, his modest deportment, his social nature and his genial disposition render him a favorite with all. He has the entire respect of those n his employ, the good will of his colleagues and contemporaries and wher- ever known he is honored not alone by reason of the splendid success he has achieved but also owing to the straightforward business methods he has ever followed. WILLIAM L. BLAIR. William L. Blair, superintendent of transportation with the Nickel Plate Railroad Company at Cleveland, which position he has occupied since October, 1906, is one of Ohio's native sons, his birth having occurred in Hamilton, Butler county, on the 27th of December, 1858. His grandfather, Thomas Blair, was a native of Ohio, while his father was one of the early pioneers of the state. William Henry Blair, father of our subject, was born at Hamilton, February 12, 1818, and long figured prominently in the public life of his native city, where he served as postmaster for twenty years prior to 1880, when he retired from that office as he had entered it, with the confidence and good will of all concerned The succeeding seven years were then spent in the enjoyment of well earned rest, and in 1887 he was called to the home beyond. His wife, who bore the 54 - HISTORY OF CLEVELAND maiden name of Angeline Linn, was born in Paris, Kentucky, and was a daughter of Joseph and Sophia (Johnson) Linn. At the usual age William L. Blair entered upon the task of acquiring a public-school education, continuing his studies through consecutive grades until he had graduated from the high school with the class of 1870. His school days over, he became telegraph operator for the Cmcinnati, Hamilton & Dayton Railroad at Lockland, Ohio, in December, 1872. There he remained until April, 1873, when he was transferred to Hamilton, remaining at that point until January, 1877. He was then called to a more responsible position by being appointed to a place in the office of the general manager of the Cincinnati, Hamilton & Dayton Railroad as operator and clerk, there remaming until August, 1881. On that date he came to Cleveland as chief clerk to the general manager of the Nickel Plate Railroad, so serving until September, 1893, when he was made superintendent of the eastern division and thus continued until March. 1901, when he was appointed superintendent of telegraph. Four years thus passed, and in October, 1905, he returned to the eastern division as division superintendent and in October, 1906, again came to Cleveland, since which time he has been superintendent of transportation at this point. Thus he has made a gradual advance in railway circles, rising from one position to another of larger importance until he is now widely and favorably known in railway circles as a man of spirit and executive force. Mr. Blair is a republican, interested in the success of the party. He was for eleven years a member of Troop A and was thus widely known in military circles of the city. He belongs also to the Cleveland Athletic Club, and he has found his chief recreation in horseback riding. His life has been characterized by worthy purposes and by successful accomplishment of the tasks that he has undertaken, and it has been through the recognition of his fidelity and capability that his promotions have been won. HENRY C. ELLISON. Henry C. Ellison, a retired banker of Cleveland, dates his residence in this city from 1882 and was for many years prominently and actively identified with its financial interests. His birth occurred in Marlboro, Stark county, Ohio, on the 24th of April, 1842, his parents being John and Mary (Vaughan) Ellison. The father followed merchandising throughout his active business career and was likewise a prominent factor in public affairs, serving as postmaster and justice of the peace. Both he and his wife were orthodox Quakers. The paternal grandparents of our subject came to Ohio from Virginia about the year 1810, after having liberated their slaves. Henry C. Ellison attended the common schools in the acquirement of an education and when sixteen years of age put aside his text-books in order to earn his own livelihood. Soon the country became involved in civil war and, his patriotic spirit being aroused by the continued attempt of the south to overthrow the Union, he enlisted at Alliance, Ohio, on the 11th of August, 1862, joining Company F, One Hundred and Fifteenth Regiment of Ohio Volunteer Infantry. He was made second lieutenant on the organization of that company, but when the captain became colonel of the regiment Mr. Ellison was advanced to the rank of first lieutenant and as such was mustered into the United States service on the 18th of September. 1862. After serving with Company F for a period of five months he was made regimental adjutant and acted in that capacity until the regiment was mustered out at Murfreesboro, Tennessee, on the 23d of June, 1865. He participated m the engagements at Murfreesboro with the troops under Generals Rosseau and Milroy, was then on the line of the Nashville & Chattanooga Railroad and likewise took part in the last battle at Nashville. Tennes- HISTORY OF CLEVELAND - 55 see. After being honorably discharged at Cleveland, Ohio, on the 3d of July, 1865, he returned to Alliance and secured a position as clerk in the dry-goods store of Ely & Shaffer. In the fall of 1866 he severed his connection with that concern, having been elected auditor of Stark county, to which office he was re- elected in 1868. In 1871, however, prior to the expiration of his second term, he resigned the position to become cashier of the City Bank at Canton. A year later he once more returned to Alliance and there organized the First National Bank, of which he acted as cashier until 1879. In that year he went back to Canton, where he served as cashier of the City National Bank until 1882, when he came to Cleveland as cashier of the Ohio National Bank, acting in that capac- ity until the expiration of the bank's charter in 1889. At that time he became one of the organizers of the State National Bank and served as its cashier until 1894, while throughout the following decade he was the active vice president of the institution. In 1904 the bank was consolidated with the Euclid Park National Bank. Mr. Ellison is at the present time a director of the First National Bank of Cleveland, but is largely living retired in the enjoyment of well earned and richly merited ease. From 1901 to 1904 inclusive he served with the rank of colonel and aid-de-camp on the military staff of Governor George K. Nash. On the 18th of October, 1866, at Cleveland, Mr. Ellison was united in marriage to Miss Isidore Leek, a daughter of Talmadge W. and Mary Ann (South- w.orth) Leek. Their children are three in number, namely : Corinne, the wife of Bertram L. Britton; Mary. who married James W. Warwick; and Ida Leek. Politically Mr. Ellison is a stanch advocate of the republican party, while his religious faith is indicated by his membership in the Second Presbyterian church. Fraternally he is a thirty-second degree Mason, with which order he has been identified since 1864, while since 1877 he has been a member of the Independent Order of Odd Fellows. He likewise belongs to the Army and Navy Post of the Grand Army of the Republic, the Ohio Commandery of the Loyal Legion of America and the Union and Roadside Clubs of Cleveland, while of the Cleveland Chamber of Commerce and the Cleveland Yacht Club he is a life member. Without the aid of influence or wealth he has risen to a position among the leading and respected citizens of Cleveland, and his native genius and acquired ability are the stepping-stones on which he has mounted. WILLIAM HANNA GIFFORD. William Hanna Gifford, one of the young business men of Ohio's metropo- lis, is now salesman for the Cleveland Builders Supply Company, the largest house of the kind in the middle west. He was born at Nottingham, Ohio, in 1883 and is a son of William O. and Lillian (Hanna) Gifford. His maternal grandfather was at one time a member of the Cleveland board of education. In the public and private schools of this city William H. Gifford pursued his education to the age of thirteen years when he entered business life as timekeeper in the employ of the Cleveland Bridge Construction Company. He won promotion by unfaltering diligence, perseverance and trustworthiness and was gradually advanced until he became foreman, being the youngest man who ever held that position. Later he formed a partnership with a friend, E. W. Clements. and entered business under the firm name of the East End Moving & Storage Company. He was connected therewith until 1906 when he sold out and became manager and vice president of the Cleveland Macadam Company, with which he continued for two years. He then resigned his position and entered the em- ploy of the Cleveland Builders Supply Company as salesman. He is proving capable in this position. having developed a trade for the house of considerable proportions so that his services are regarded as valuable by the company. 56 - HISTORY OF CLEVELAND On the 7th of September, 1908, in Erie, Pennsylvania, Mr. Gifford was united in marriage to Miss Emma Emilio, a daughter of Frank and Georgiana (Thomas) Emilio, of Toronto, Canada. In his political affiliations Mr. Gifford is a stalwart republican, interested in the success of the party and cooperating in the work for its growth. He is, moreover, well known as an active member of Old Cleveland City Lodge, F. & A. M., and he belongs to the Western Reserve Club. His religious faith is indicated by his membership in the Craw- ford Road Christian church. He is a young man of strong native intelligence, actuated in all that he does by a laudable ambition that promises well for a successful future. WILLIAM BINGHAM. If the historian were to attempt, without extended preliminary mention, to characterize in a single sentence the achievements of William Bingham, it could perhaps best be done in the words : the splendid success of an honest man, in whose life business ability, recognition of his obligations to his fellowmen and a lofty patriotism were well balanced forces. William Bingham was born in Andover, Massachusetts, March 9, 1816, and is a representative of one of the oldest families of New England, his ancestors being among the Puritans who colonized that section of the country. The line can be traced back direct to Thomas Bingham who, as early as 1660 aided in founding Saybrook, Connecticut. He was also one of those who at a later day purchased a tract of land from the Indians and upon it established the town of Norwich, Connecticut. In intervening years down to the present time representatives of the name have borne an active and helpful part in the development of New England and among later generations there have been those whose labors were equally effective in the upbuilding of the west. William Bingham was reared to farm life, dividing his youthful days between the work of the fields and the acquirement of an education in the public schools. The call of the west proved to him irresistible and at the age of twenty years he made his way to Cleveland, where his cousm, Flavel W. Bingham, and other relatives were then living. It was in 1836 that he bade adieu to the home and scenes of his youth, traveling westward over the old pioneer railroad from Albany to Schenectady, thence by canal packet to Rochester by the stage and canal to Buffalo, where he became a passenger on the steamboat, Robert Fulton, bound for Cleveland. He had been in this city for but a brief period when he secured a position as salesman in the hardware store of George Worthington and that his ability and enterprise were soon recognized is indicated in the fact that after two years he was admitted to a partnership remaining in that connection with the business for another two years, after which he disposed of his interest. He continued in the hardware trade, however, purchasing the stock of Clark & Murphy in 1841, at which time he organized the firm of William Bingham & Company. From the outset the business prospered and its trade constantly expanded with the growth and development of the city. In 1855 the firm erected a large business block at Nos. 146, 148 and 150 Water street, occupying the entire structure. During Mr. Bingham's connection therewith the trade increased from twenty thousand dollars annually to more than a million and a half dollars a year. At the outset Mr. Bingham and one associate were adequate to conduct the business but in the course of years assistants were employed to the number of seventy-eight and the house sent its goods into all of the states of the middle west east of the Mississippi. At all times Mr. Bingham kept in touch with the spirit of modern progress as manifest in business methods. In the early days of his connection with the hardware trade most of the products handled were of English, German and French manufacture. He lived to witness an American revolution in the iron trade, through the introduction of the Bessemer process HISTORY OF CLEVELAND - 59 and other improvements in manufacture, until today nearly all of the goods handled in a hardware store are of American make. When he began merchandising in Cleveland it was necessary to go to the east in the summer in order to purchase the stock for the ensuing winter and spring. No iron or iron goods were manufactured in Cleveland and the wholesale merchant found his patrons in the towns of northern Ohio. Today Cleveland is situated in almost the very center of the iron trade of the country and its ramifying interests in this line of manu- facture and sale reach out to all parts of the world. Mr. Bingham made his hardware business his first consideration and his well directed energy, indefatigable efforts and keen business discernment constitute the basis upon which the splendid success of the house was built. Aside from his connection with the hardware trade Mr. Bingham figured prominently in financial circles. Throughout the existence of the Merchants National Bank he was one of its directors and also continued on the directorate of its successor, the Mercantile National Bank. He was also one of the directors of the Society for Savings and of the City Savings & Loan Association, from its organization. He was likewise a director and vice president of the Cincinnati, Wabash & Michigan Railroad Company and was a trustee of the Case Library Association. Not alone as a successful merchant and financier, however, was Mr. Bingham widely known. His fellow townsmen on various occasions demanded his service in positions of public trust and responsibility and though he never desired political preferment and in fact avoided it whenever possible yet he was frequently called to public office and in every such position proved his loyalty to the general good by practical and progressive services. In 1850 he was elected to represent the second ward in the city council at a time when municipal finances were in a deplorable state. It was necessary that only men in whom the public had implicit confidence should fill the offices, and public franchise called to the council a number of the most distinguished, representative and reliable citizens of Cleveland, Mr. Bingham's associates in office being L. M. Hubby, Samuel Williamson, Abner C. Brownell and Levi Johnson, with William Case as mayor. It was that council which promoted the project of a waterworks system, Mr. Bingham introducing the resolution looking to an examination of the question and. giving to it his earnest support, he was chosen one of the waterworks trustees and so served for seven years, his labors being an essential factor in promoting the interests of the city in this connection. It was during this period that the tunnel was completed and the distributing pipe service greatly extended. His labors largely promoted the work of the waterworks system and when he felt he could no longer give it time and attention he resigned. Further political honors came to him in his election to the state senate. This was preeminently the case of the office seeking the man for without his knowledge or his consent he was nominated when out of town and only learned of the action of the convention when on his homeward way from the east. His first impulse was to decline but he was so strongly solicited to accept the candidacy that he at last consented and was elected by a large majority. He proved an able working member of the upper house and his work as a member of the municipal, corporations and temperance committees was most effective and far-reaching. He would have been again nominated by his party at the close of his term had he not positively declined to serve. In 1876 he declined to become a presidential elector on the republican ticket, owing to the fact that early in that year he had been appointed by President Grant a member of the board of Indian commissioners. In that position he remained for more than a year and then resigned on the 21st of July, 1877, because of the pressure of private business interests. Throughout his entire life Mr. Bingham was actuated by a spirit of loyal de- votion to the public good and at the time of the Civil war he was one of the most stalwart champions of the Union cause and was made a member of the military committee in which connection he labored zealously and patriotically for the cause, putting forth earnest effort to uphold the power of the Federal government. He 60 - HISTORY OF CLEVELAND was also one of the first members of the city sinking fund commission and occupied that position for many years. Pleasantly situated in his home life Mr. Bingham was married in January, 1843, to Elizabeth Beardsley, a daughter of David H. Beardsley, who figured prominently in the public life of Cleveland for a long period and for twenty-one years held the responsible position of collector of the Ohio canal, being the first incumbent in that office. Mrs. Bingham was born October 3, 1822, and died August 27, 1898. The three surviving children of that marriage are Charles W., Mrs. Charles A. Brayton and Cassandra H., all of whom are residents of Cleveland. Mr. Bingham had notable appreciation for the social amenities of life and held friendship inviolable. He was the first president of the Union Club and long one of its most honored members. For years he was a trustee of the First Presbyterian church and was also a member of the Loyal Legion. At his death, which occurred in Cleveland, April 17, 1904, the Ohio Commandery published as a part of the "In Memoriam," the following : "At the breaking out of the war he had passed the age of eligibility for military service, but his great loyalty prompted him to devote his time to strengthening and sustaining the government. "Early in the year 1861 he was appointed by Governor Dennison one of the military committee for the nineteenth congressional district, and his arduous labor and zeal on that committee, largely resulted in the organization of such an efficient and splendid body of soldiers, embracing nearly twenty-five per cent of the entire population of Cuyahoga county, which helped to form the bone and sinew of the army of the Union. There was probably no district at that time in the whole country more famed for the loyalty of its citizens, and it was undoubtedly due in a great measure to the unceasing exertions of Mr. Bingham and his associates that not only the men from Cuyahoga county but from all parts of the Western Reserve were encouraged to rendezvous at Cleveland and offer their services, and lives if need be, to preserve the Union. "In 1862, when it became necessary to raise funds in large amounts to provide for the needs of disabled soldiers and their families and which entailed a tax levy as well as private donations, Mr. Bingham was made chairman of the military committee of Cuyahoga county. This committee was successful in raising a large fund and distributing it through sub-committees to young men who were anxious to enlist but heeded some assistance so that those who were dependent upon them would not suffer during their absence. He was a large giver from his private funds, and recruiting officers and their recruits knew how liberal he was when called upon and how earnestly he entreated them to come again when they needed assistance. All through the dark days of the Rebellion, from early in 1861 to the close of the war, there were many loyal and zealous citizens of Cleveland who were bending every energy in rendering services to the government, but they looked to Mr. Bingham to lead. He was ever present at the committee meetings and at public gatherings when the exigencies of the situation at the front demanded speedy action in providing supplies for the hospitals and sanitary commission. "The officers of the Soldiers' Aid Society always found the chairman ready to cooperate with them, and when money was needed to send luxuries to the sick soldiers or provisions were required for the train-loads of soldiers who were almost daily at the stations, it was always forthcoming. "It was without doubt fortunate to our army and our cause that there were such men as William Bingham who were compelled by their years to remain at home and with their profound wisdom and patriotism render such indispensable service as could only be accomplished by honored and trusted civilians. The Loyal Legion and William Bingham were equally honored when he was elected to the order as a member of the third class. He was strong and vigorous mentally and physically and we are thankful that his rugged constitution enabled him to remain HISTORY OF CLEVELAND - 61 with us until he had fully rounded out eighty-eight years of useful life, and until he was only survived by one member of his class in the order. The same sterling qualities that marked his patriotic and social life were equally prominent in his business career and until within a few weeks of his death he was able to be as regular in his office as any of his assistants." His life was at all times actuated by high and honorable principles, characterized by unfaltering diligence and by steadfast purpose. He neglected no opportunity for the advancement of his individual business affairs nor for the promotion of the city’s welfare and in commercial and in political life his record alike remained unsullied. The upbuilding and progress of the city for many years was attributable in substantial measure to his efforts and his life record inseparably interwoven with its history. EDWARD A. ROBERTS. Edward A. Roberts, a man of action rather than of theory, capable in the execution of well devised plans resulting in the successful accomplishment of a specific purpose, is now secretary of the Builders' Exchange and in various other organizations has served as an executive official, his labors constituting a resultant force therein. He was born in Petroleum Center, Pennsylvania, January 18, 1869. His father, Albert Roberts, who followed merchandising days of peace, became a volunteer soldier in the Civil war. He afterward held official position in the town of Sharpsville„ Pennsylvania, where he spent the later years of his life, passing away there in February, 1907, at the age of sixty-three years. His widow, Mrs. Laura (Landis) Roberts, is still living in Sharpsville. The family is of Welsh lineage and was founded in America by Edward Roberts, who emigrated from Denby county in ,the north of Wales in 1845, settling on a farm in Mercer county, Pennsylvania. During the early boyhood of Edward A. Roberts his parents removed to a farm near Mercer, Pennsylvania, and he acquired his early education in the common schools of that place and of Sharpsville, following the removal of the family to the latter town, where the father engaged in mercantile pursuits. Afterward the son pursued a classical course in the Ohio Wesleyan University at Delaware, Ohio, from which he was graduated with the Bachelor of Arts degree in 1892. While there he edited the college paper and developed a fondness for newspaper work. In the fall of 1892 he came to Cleveland and accepted a humble position on the reportorial staff of the Plain Dealer. But though his start in business life was obscure, he gradually advanced until he has come to be recognized as a potent force in those fields of labor to which he has directed his energies. He continued as a member of the local staff on the Plain Dealer in 1892 and 1893, and in the latter year became reporter on the Leader, thus serving until 1895, when he was offered the Washington correspondence of that paper but declined the position. Instead he became private secretary to Mayor Robert E. McKisson, with whom he was thus connected until 1898, and during the same period was secretary of the board of control. Since that time his public duties have been of an onerous and important character, and in many ways he has left the impress of his individuality upon projects of large public importance. He was secretary of the Cleveland Centennial Commission and historian of that event, which celebrated the one hundredth anniversary of the founding of the city. In 1898 he was called to his present position as secretary of the Builders' Exchange, which is today the largest in the United States, the membership hav- ing increased during his incumbency from one hundred and twenty to three hundred and seventy-five. He has been secretary of the Ohio State Association of Builders since its organization in 1900. The object of this society is the expression of the sentiment of the builders of the state in legislation. This work 62 - HISTORY OF CLEVELAND has been of a most useful character, accomplishing substantial and valuable results. It was the second organization of the kind in America, but since its institution a dozen or more have been organized in other states. Mr. Roberts has likewise been secretary of the board of city hall commissioners since its organization in 1898 and has been clerk of the board of supervision of public buildings and grounds in Cleveland since its creation in 1903. The purpose of this board is the purchase of lands and the erection of city buildings, and on the board he is associated with D. H. Burnham, of Chicago, who was architect of the World's Columbian Exposition, John M. Carrere, New York architect for the Pan-American Exposition, and Arnold W. Brunner, the New York architect for the new Cleveland postoffice. This board studied the needs and possibilities of the city and devised the present plan of grouping the public buildings. Mr. Roberts is also active secretary of the Building Trades Employers Association, which was established to handle industrial problems among employers, acting in that capacity since its organization in 1893. He Was secretary of the McKinley memorial committee for Cleveland, which committee raised the funds for the erection of the McKinley monument, which was dedicated at Canton in September, 1907. Upon him devolved the duties of secretaryship in connection with the Hanna monument commission in charge of the erection of the monument to the late senator, M. A. Hanna, in University Circle, which monument was dedicated in June, 1907, with appropriate ceremonies in which William H. Taft participated. The notable executive ability and initiative spirit of Mr. Roberts have well qualified him for the duties which he has undertaken as secretary of these various organizations. He is also interested in financial enterprises, has served on various committees of the local banks and is a director of the Western Reserve Audit Company. In his political views Mr. Roberts has always been a stalwart republican and in former years was very active in local and state politics, during which time he had charge of the literary bureau of many candidates. He holds membership in the Phi Gamma Delta, and while at college he was secretary of the fraternity. His religious connection is with the Euclid avenue Methodist Episcopal church. On the 12th of October, 1893, Mr. Roberts was married at Mechanicsburg to Miss Harriet Sceva, a daughter of John C. Sceva, a prominent banker of that place. They now have four children, a son and three daughters : Alice, fourteen years of age ; Ralph S., aged twelve ; Laura Stewart, ten ; and Helen Edith, five years of age. The family residence is at No. 2094 East Ninety-third street, with a country home at Gates Mill, where Mr. Roberts indulges his love of agriculture during his leisure hours. He is an occasional contributor to magazines on civic and other subjects and is preeminently a man of affairs, who has wielded a wide influence over public thought and action, and while modestly disclaiming any special credit for what he has done, the worth of his service is widely acknowledged. HORACE A. BISHOP. Horace A. Bishop, one of the honored retired residents of Cleveland, has lived here since 1867 and has borne his part in the subsequent upbuilding of its interests. He was born in Andover, Connecticut, July 2, 1849, and was well educated, taking a classical and English course at East Greenwich Academy, of East Greenwich, Rhode Island. After coming to Cleveland in 1867, he secured employment as civil engineer in what was then the Atlantic & Great Western Railroad, but is now a part of the Erie Railroad, continuing in that position for two years. He then became a member of the wholesale grocery firm of Babcock, Hurd & Company, continuing with them until 1895. At the same time Mr, HISTORY OF CLEVELAND - 65 Bishop was president of the Wholesale Grocers Association and later president of their state association. In 1894 he was elected president of the old Park National Bank, which in time consolidated with the American Exchange Bank and the Euclid Avenue National Bank, with Mr. Bishop as president until this was merged with the First National Bank, and John Sherwin, who had been first vice president of the Euclid Park National Bank, was elected president. Mr. Bishop has continued on the board of directors. In 1894 he was elected president of the Elwood Tin Plate Company, of Elwood, Pennsylvania, one of the largest factories of the kind in the country, and he continued at its head until it was taken over by the trust in 1899. In that year he decided to retire from business to a great extent on account of ill health, and since then he and his wife have traveled extensively, visiting most of the important places throughout the world. In 1874 Mr. Bishop married Mary E. Marsh, of Hartford, Connecticut, a charming lady, who is the comfort and solace of her husband. He is a member of the Union Club and, being a thirty-second degree Mason, is connected with Halcyon Lodge and Holyrood Commandery, K. T., having served two terms as commander. Ever since the inception of the Chamber of Commerce he has been one of its members. Mrs. Bishop is a member of Euclid Avenue Presbyterian church, In the twilight of the retrospect Mr. Bishop has nothing to regret and the elevating principles which have animated his life remain with him. He has been a man who has attained to more than ordinary success and yet only through the most honorable of methods. However, the stress of heavy responsibilities and the details of the various positions of trust he held told upon him, so that the business world lost prematurely one of its prime factors when he retired from active life, although his friends still have the pleasure of his presence and profit by the kindly advice he is so able to give. FRANK DUTTON. Frank Dutton, who was called from this life in the midst of his usefulness, was an honored and respected citizen of Cleveland at the time of his death, which occurred on the 14th of November, 1868. A native of Ohio, he was born in Hanover township, Columbiana county, December 14, 1838, and was a son of Jacob and Susan P. (Mendenhall) Dutton, who had become residents of that township the year previous to his birth. In 1855 the family removed to Cleveland, where the parents spent their remaining days. Frank was the youngest of their six children, four sons and two daughters, and during his childhood was in delicate health on account of abnormal action of his heart. When about four years old the family physician said that the action of his heart was that of a man of sixty years. But, as time passed, he grew stronger and was able to do as much work on the farm as any boy of the same age. In 1852, when he was in his fourteenth year, the family removed to what is now known as Kensington, on the Cleveland & Pittsburg Railroad, the father becoming agent for the new road. He also built a dwelling and a small store, in which he put a stock of goods, and while not occupied with his studies as a pupil in the country school when in session Frank was employed as a clerk in his father's store. In 1853 his eldest brother and family removed to Kensington and joined the father in business, erecting at that time a large store building, where our subject contin- ued as salesman until the spring of 1856. It was in August, 1855, that his father sold his interest in the business and removed to Cleveland, taking a part of his family, and there he turned his at- tention to the coal trade. The following spring they were joined by Frank, and in that city he continued to attend school, taking a commercial course. He 66 - HISTORY OF CLEVELAND accepted a position as clerk for the Cleveland & Pittsburg Railroad by whom he was employed until the breaking out of the Civil war. When the president issued his first call for troops Mr. Dutton decided to enter the service, telling his parents and friends that he thought from a family of four boys at least one ought to enter the service of his country and, as his brothers were all married and had families to care for, he believed it was his duty to enlist. When his regiment was ready for service it was ordered to West Virginia, and in an engagement at Cross Lanes in that state he was wounded, a musket ball passing through one thigh and lodging in the other, but fortunately it did not strike an artery or bone. On the 26th of August, 1861, he was taken prisoner with others but after about nine days was recaptured and removed to Cincinnati, where he remained until able to return to his home in Cleveland. After his recovery he rejoined his regiment but was not assigned to the ranks, the colonel choosing him as his clerk, in which capacity he served until he contracted typhoid fever, which confined him to a hospital in Washington, D. C., for some time. When he had sufficiently recovered to be able to stand a removal he returned to Cleveland and on account of ill health was honorably discharged from the service on the 14th of October, 1862. Desiring again to enter the service Mr. Dutton assisted in organizing a regiment of home guards and was elected first lieutenant of Company H, One Hundred and Fiftieth Ohio National Guards, to which company his brother William also belonged. In 1864 this regiment was ordered to report at Washington for guard duty at the capital to relieve the regular army stationed there and at this time was on active duty for about one hundred days. On the expiration of this time Mr. Dutton returned to his home in Cleveland, and in this city he was married on the 16th of November, 1865, to Miss F. Ella Stillman, a daughter of William H. and Sophia (Doty) Stillman, who came to the Western Reserve from Connecticut in 1833 and made their home in Park- man, Geauga county, until 1842. It was in that year that they removed to Cleveland, where Mr. Stillman conducted one of the first hotels under the name of the City Hotel, located on the present site of the Forman-Bassett-Hatch Company. He was one of the pioneer hotel men of the city and was widely and favorably known. Unto Mr. and Mrs. Dutton was born a son, William S., now a prominent architect of Cleveland. Broken clown in health by his army experience Mr. Dutton never fully recovered and after a lingering illness passed away on the 14th of November, 1868, one month previous to the thirtieth anniversary of his birth. Wherever known he was held in the highest esteem, and he left many friends as well as his immediate family to mourn his loss. FRANCIS H. HASEROT. Francis H. Haserot is the president of the Haserot Company, proprietors of a leading wholesale grocery house in Cleveland and is also connected with various corporate interests. With ability to formulate and execute well defined plans he has continued his efforts in the business world until he has come into important relations with the trade interests of the city, his labors being also of a character that contribute to public prosperity as well as to individual success. One of Cleveland's native sons, he was born December 19, 1860, and was educated in the German Lutheran and public schools of this city. Entering business life on the completion of his education, he was for two years, from 1881 until 1883, a merchandise broker, and in the latter year he became connected with the wholesale grocery trade as junior member of the firm of W. J. Hayes & Company. He has since continued in this field of activity, covering a period of more than a quarter of a century, until his name is now synonymous with the wholesale grocery trade of Cleveland. The first business partnership in this line HISTORY OF CLEVELAND - 67 continued for three years, on the expiration of which period he became a partner in the firm of S. F. & F. H. Haserot & Company, so continuing from (886 until 1894. In the latter year the business was reorganized under the name of Hase- rot Company, with Francis H. Haserot as vice president, and in that connection he continued until 1903, when he was elected to the presidency and has since been the chief executive officer, bending his energies to administrative control. He has formulated many valuable plans in connection with the development of the business, which is today one of the important commercial enterprises of the city. He has the ability to bring seemingly diverse interests into a unified whole and is unmindful of no indication pointing to legitimate success. Aside from his efforts in the wholesale grocery field he has been active in the management of various other concerns which are elements in the commercial stability of Cleveland. He is now the president of the Mercantile Warehouse Company, president of the Hough Bank & Trust Company, and a director of the First National Bank. Mr. Haserot's executive ability has also been called into play in connection with various public and semi public interests. At the present writing he is serv- ing as the president of the board of education and is a stalwart champion of the public-school system, believing in continuous progress in lines of intellectual development of the youth. He has served for two terms as a director of the Chamber of Commerce and is active in his cooperation with its measures for advancing the welfare and upbuilding of the city. His powers of management have also been manifest in his political work for he is a stalwart republican and manifests his loyalty to the party by his faithful championship of its interests. For two terms he served as a member of the republican state central committee He belongs to the Unity church (Unitarian) and has served as a member and chairman of its board of trustees. He is also chairman of the board of trustees of the Teachers Pension and thus has concerned himself in many public inter- ests which have profited by his labors and sound judgment. Socially he is con- nected with the Union Club and the Euclid Club. In 1889 Mr. Haserot was married in Cleveland to Miss Sarah Henrietta McKinney, and they have three sons and a daughter. While in his business interests Mr, Haserot has been preeminently successful he has not confined his attention solely to commercial and financial interests but is a man of well balanced character who has appreciation for social amenities and regard for the obligations of citizenship. The spirit of broad humanitarianism is strong within him and has prompted his efficient and helpful service in many important public interests. PHILLIP GAENSSLEN. Generous, kind-hearted and popular, he left a record which makes his name an honored one among all who knew him. He was born October 14, 1830, in Metzingen, Wurtemberg, Germany, a son of George and Barbara Gaensslen, who were also natives of Metzingen, where the father in his later years lived a retired life. Spending his boyhood days under the parental roof, Phillip Gaenss- len completed the work of the graded schools and for five years attended a noted realschule of Germany—a school of modern languages. He was a man of high education and intellectual attainments, and his sound judgment and wis- dom made his advice often sought by his friends. After he had completed his education he identified himself with the Arnold dry-goods business in Reutlingen, Germany, and remained in that employ for six years, his long connection therewith indicating clearly his faithfulness and capability. On resigning his position with that firm he entered the service of Dolphus-Mieg & Company, manufacturers of ladies' wearing apparel, and was with that house for three years. 68 - HISTORY OF CLEVELAND In the meantime his reading and investigation had brought him comprehensive knowledge of business conditions in America and of the opportunities offered in the new world, and he determined to try his fortune on this side of the Atlantic. Therefore, in 1854, at the age of twenty-four years, he bade adieu to friends and native land and emigrated to this country, settling in Cleveland, where he established himself in the leather business. From the beginning his success was assured, for he possessed energy, determination and keen insight. After conducting the enterprise for some time as a retail establishment, he transformed it into a wholesale business and opened tanneries in Gowanda, New York, and Corry, Pennsylvania. As the years passed he won substantial success, enjoying a prosperity that was the direct reward of his diligence, perseverance and capable management. He was also the president of the Phcenix Brewing Company and a director and treasurer of the Der Wachter am Erie Publishing Company. On the 28th of March, 186o, Mr. Gaensslen was married to Miss Agnes Seidel, a daughter of John and Louise Seidel, who came to Cleveland from Fraustadt, Germany, in 1856. Unto Mr. and Mrs. Gaensslen were born six children, namely: Mrs. Emma Nockin, Mrs. Olga Boehneke, Mrs. Otilla Wer- ner, Robert Gaensslen, Mrs. Julia Lucas and Edward L. Gaensslen. Phillip Gaensslen was one of the most influential German citizens of Cleveland. He assisted in the early business development of the city, possessing energy and enterprise that enabled him to accomplish what he undertook. He was never deterred by obstacles or difficulties, but always sought a way to overcome them and in the end won his success. What made him most beloved in German society and placed him in the foremost rank among the sons of the fatherland in Cleveland was that he was a man of liberal, friendly and tolerant spirit as well as an enterprising and reliable business man. While he always maintained a deep love for the country of his birth, he was, nevertheless, a most loyal American citizen, and while he upheld and defended the German characteristics, at the same time he supported every movement for the benefit of the community in which he lived and died and advocated the most unswerving allegiance to the land of his adoption. He was an active member of the Cleveland Gesangverein and the Germania Turnverein and a charter member of the German Casino. In all the various German societies he was an active and helpful worker, and he had a heart readily touched by any tale of sorrow or distress. He was a liberal contributor to various benevolent institutions and possessed a most charitable spirit, but his best traits of character were reserved for his own home and fireside, and to his family he was most devoted, considering no effort or sacrifice on his part too great if it would promote the happiness and welfare of his wife and children. To them he was most devoted, and the family ties were largely of an ideal character. JEPTHA HOMER WADE. Many years ago another Jeptha Homer Wade, the grandfather of him whose name introduces this review, came to Cleveland. In his life in the middle west he largely met the conditions of pioneer experience, not only in natural resources but also in installing the various lines of business which constituted the center of its trade development. Then came the son, who, as his father's assistant, was a factor in the control of business lines which he had established. His son in turn was trained for business management and yet faces an entirely different condition, so that he must work out the solution of his own problems, brought about through the complexities and changes in business life at the present day. His is the stewardship of great wealth and, competent and capable in its control, he belongs HISTORY OF CLEVELAND - 71 to that class who have made the term capitalist an honored one by reason of the wise use to which they have put the means entrusted to them. Born in Cleveland, October 15, 1857, J. H. Wade pursued his education in private schools of Cleveland while spending his youth in the home of his parents, Randall P. and Anna R. (McGaw) Wade. He was also for sometime under a competent tutor but his business training was received under the care and guidance of his father and grandfather, who knew that he would one day be called upon to take up the labors which they laid down. His father's early death brought upon him heavy responsibilities when he was yet young in years and he bent his energies toward mastery of all the points bearing upon the estate and the management of business interests therein involved. When his grandfather passed away in 1890 there was little for him left to learn concerning the business save that which each day's experiences bring in the solution of problems concerning investment and control. The majority of the important business concerns of Cleveland have been benefited by Wade investments and today Mr. Wade is vice president of the National Bank of Commerce, chairman of the Citizens Savings & Loan Association ; a director of the Guardian Trust Company ; the vice president of the Cleveland Stone Company ; director of the Cleveland City Railway Company; president of the Kalamazoo, Allegan & Grand Rapids Railway Company ; president of the Montreal Mining Company ; vice president of the Cleveland Cliff Iron Company ; director of the Grasselli Chemical Company and director of the Sandusky Portland Cement Company. He is also largely interested in lake vessels property and Cleveland real-estate. On the 15th of October, 1878, Mr Wade was married to Miss Ellen Garret- son, a daughter of Hiram and Ellen (Howe) Garretson, and they have three children. Their social prominence is a foregone conclusion but in the Wade home here is no ostentatious display of wealth, everything suggesting an innate culture and refinement that could have no sympathy with such a course. Mr. Wade's generous support of charitable work and institutions is well known and yet in this he is free from all display and in fact would prefer that his benefactions should be known only to himself. However, he is a trustee of most of the leading educational and charitable institutions of Cleveland and gives most generously to their support. He has studied many of the sociological and economic problems and where it is possible to extend a helping hand to secure immediate or future relief he at once follows such a course. J. A. C. GOLNER. A newsboy at eleven years of age, J. A. C. Golner is now well known as an iron, steel and ship broker of Cleveland and has been the owner of several vessels and is now the possessor of considerable real estate. He has accomplished all this in a short space of time for he is yet a young man, his birth having occurred in Detroit, Michigan, January 18, 1879. His parents were Benjamin and Amelia Golner, and, while spending his early youth in the family home at Detroit, he attended the public schools of that city, but at the age of eleven years he was obliged to put aside his text-books and has since been dependent entirely upon his own resources. There is hardly a successful man whose youth was spent in the city that did not make his start in life by selling papers or at one time had a paper route. Mr. Golner is no exception to this rule for when he left school he became a newsboy. He afterward worked in a canning factory for a while and later removed to Toledo, becoming press feeder in a job printing shop. Eventually, however, he returned to his native city where he resided until 1904---the year of his arrival in Cleveland. While in Detroit, he had become connected with the brokerage business, found it congenial and learned that his qualities were adapted to the attainment of success in that field and, corning to 72 - HISTORY OF CLEVELAND Cleveland therefore, he established a general brokerage business, later adding to his line the buying and selling of steel lake vessels. He has himself owned several large lake steamers and he now handles principally iron, steel and ships, in the conduct of his brokerage enterprise. He has thoroughly acquainted himself with the market in these lines and that he has prospered in his undertakings is evidenced in the fact that he is now the owner of desirable real-estate interests in Cleveland. In politics Mr. Golner is an independent republican, but the honors and emoluments of office have no attraction for him. He is, however, very loyal to Cleveland and its interests and believes the city has a splendid future owing to its advantageous situation on the lakes as well as the fact that it is located in the midst of one of the greatest coal fields of the world, thus furnishing a basis for extensive manufacturing interests. The analyzation of his life work indicates that he has ever made it his purpose thoroughly to familiarize himself with any task that he has undertaken, and at every point in his career he has attained the utmost success that could be won at that point. NORMAN M. POND. In this age of increasing complexity in business life the work of the courts is being continually augmented not only by reason of the fact that there is much litigation but also because the law must set its limits upon the advisability and legality of certain courses and questions in business. Almost every corporation has its legal representative, whose judgment constitutes a silent but, nevertheless, effective force in determining its policy and the extent of its activities. Norman M. Pond, specializing in the departments of commercial and corporation law, has gained wide and well merited reputation in Cleveland. He was born in New London, Ohio, April 25, 1861. The ancestry of the family is traced back through ten generations, and representatives of the name fought in the early colonial and New England wars. The great-great-grandfather, Abel Pond, a native of Lenox, Massachusetts, was a soldier of the Revolutionary war and a son of "Patriarch" Dan Pond. His son Stephen Pond was born in Lenox, Massachusetts, in 1779 and in 1828 came to Ohio, settling in Middlebury, Knox county. He followed the occupation of farming until his life's labors were ended in death. He passed away in New London, Ohio, in 1868. Daniel S. Pond, the grandfather, was born in Poultney, Vermont, June 29, 1805, and leaving the Green Mountain state in 1826 made his way to Portage county, Ohio, walking the entire distance. The following year he removed to Middlebury, Knox county, Ohio, and in 1838 took up his abode in New London township, where he carried on general farming. He was also station agent on the Big Four Railroad from 1865 until 1875 and at different times filled public offices in prompt and capable manner, serving as county treasurer of Huron county for one term in 1847-8. At all times he up- held the political and legal status of the community, standing for all that is progressive in citizenship. He died at Norwalk, Ohio, January 24, 1892, at the advanced age of eighty-seven years. Asahel A. Pond, the father of Norman M. Pond, was born in Knox county, Ohio, May 28, 1829, was reared to the occupa- tion of farming and for many years devoted his energies to the work of tilling the soil but is now living retired. Like his father, he, too, was a man of influence in local affairs and in 1875 became infirmary director of Lorain county, Ohio, which position he filled for two years. In 1864 he responded to the country's call for aid and enlisted in Company C, One Hundred and Ninety-first Ohio Volunteer Infantry, with which he served throughout the remainder of the war, holding the rank of corporal. He participated in the Shenandoah Valley campaign, where the Union troops were in pursuit of Colonel Mosby and his guerrillas. He is now living retired, enjoying well earned rest in a comfortable home HISTORY OF CLEVELAND - 73 in Norwalk, Ohio. He wedded Mary M. Crandall, who was born near Oberlin, Lorain county, Ohio, May 18, 1832, a daughter of Ezekiel Crandall, who was born in the state of New York and was a lineal descendant of Rev. John Crandall of Newport, Rhode Island. In his youthful days Norman M. Pond attended the country schools of Lorain county, Ohio, and afterward continued his education in the Ohio Normal School at Ada. He afterward engaged in teaching, became principal of the Rochester high school and was also principal of the schools of Chillicothe, Kansas. While in the west he also worked in the land office of the Union Pacific Railway. Afterward he became the township superintendent of schools at Ridgeville, Ohio, and superintendent of the schools of Brooklyn township. He likewise taught in Cleveland business colleges, but, thinking to find a more congenial and profitable field in the practice of law, he began acquainting himself with Blackstone, Kent and other legal authorities and after thorough preparatory training was admitted to the Ohio bar in 1900. In 1901 he commenced the practice of law as attorney for the Forest City Realty Company of Cleveland. He has since practiced alone, making a specialty of commercial and corporation law, having a large clientage in the latter department. He also engages to some extent in general practice and is, moreover, secretary of the Buckeye Development Company. On the 3d of August, 1887, Mr. Pond was married to Miss Lotta H. Howard, a daughter of William H. and Charlotte (Laboree) Howard, of Rochester, Ohio. They hold membership in the Euclid Avenue Methodist Episcopal church, and Mr. Pond belongs to Pearl Tent of the Knights of the Maccabees. In politics he is an independent republican and while living in Rochester served as councilman and was a delegate to county and congressional conventions, but has not been very active in politics since locating in Cleveland. He regards the practice of law as his real life work and feels that the pursuits of private life are in themselves abundantly worthy of his best efforts. GEORGE H. WILSON, D. D. S. Dr. George H. Wilson was born at Painesville, Ohio, March 3, 1855. His father, Dr. David C. Wilson, was a native of Middlebury, Vermont, and was five years of age when in 1836 his parents removed with their family to Painesville. In early manhood he studied dentistry and was engaged in practice there until his death, which occurred in 1894, at the age of sixty-three years. In the paternal line he was descended from a New England family of English origin. His mother was a descendant of Captain Thomas Munson, who came, from England in 1634 and resided in Hartford, and later in New Haven, Connecticut. He served with the rank of lieutenant in the Pequot war and was a captain in King Philip's war. Thaddeus Munson, the great-grandfather of Dr. Wilson, was a soldier of the Revolution, and David C. Wilson, the father of our subject, participated in the Civil war of the '60s. The latter was married in Painesville to Miss Marion Flanders, a native of that place, to which her father had removed on leaving Massachusetts about 1830. The Flanders family is of French Huguenot lineage, the original American ancestors having located at Newburyport, Massachusetts, about two hundred and fifty years ago. The death of Mrs. Marion Wilson occurred in 1863, when the subject of this sketch was eight years of age. She left a family of two children ; the younger is Mrs. W. S. Van Valkenburgh. of Cleveland. As a public-school student Dr. Wilson attended the high school of Painesville. In the fall of 1873 he took up the study of dentistry under his father and Dr. W. II Fowler. In the fall of 1876 he entered the dental department of the University of Michigan, from which he was graduated in 1878. He then located for practice in Painesville, where he remained until the fall of 1891, when he 74 - HISTORY OF CLEVELAND accepted the chair of clinical prosthetic dentistry in the Cleveland University of Medicine and Surgery, filling that position for one academic year. In January, 1892, he entered upon the private practice of dentistry in this city. In the spring of that year he accepted the chair of prosthetic dentistry and metallurgy in the dental department of Western Reserve University, which he held until June, 1904, when he resigned and devoted his entire time to private practice. Since 1896 he has specialized entirely in the department of prosthetic dentistry. In 1879 he joined the Northern Ohio Dental Association and in 1887 was elected its president. In 1880 he joined the American (now the National) Dental Association and in the same year became a member of the Ohio State Dental Association, of which he was president in 1893. He joined the Cleveland Dental Society in 1891 and was elected to the presidency in 1897. He is also an honorary member of several local and state dental associations and was one of the organizers and the first president of the Cleveland Dental Library Association. In 1895 he was made a member of the supreme chapter of the Delta Sigma Delta (a dental fraternity). For the three years prior to 1909 he was one of the editors of the Dentist's Magazine. He is one of the authors of the American Text Book of Prosthetic Dentistry and is now engaged in writing another text-book upon the same subject. He has written many dental magazine articles, and also, on numerous occasions, has been called upon to read papers and hold clin- ics before dental societies. On the 1st of January, 1880, Dr. Wilson married Miss Kittie Cooley, a daughter of the Rev. Lathrop Cooley, of Cleveland. Mrs. Wilson died August 25, 1907. Their two sons, Harris R. C. Wilson, D. D. S. (W. R. U. '05), and Paul L. Wilson, A. B. (Hiram College), are both engaged in business in this city. Dr. Wilson is of a quiet and studious disposition, devoted to his profession and ever looking to its interests and those of his fellowmen. It is but just to say of him that the profession accounts him one of its most honored members. ISAAC PORTER LAMSON. In the year 1869 one of New England's manufacturing enterprises was re- moved from Mount Carmel, Connecticut, to Cleveland, and has since been con- ducted under the name of the Lamson & Sessions Company. From its inception Isaac P. Lamson has been active in its management and control and throughout this entire period his close conformity to a high standard of commercial ethics, as well as his diligence and determination, have brought to him as a reward for his labor not only a handsome competence but the merited respect of his fellow- men. He was born in Berkshire county, Massachusetts, September 2, 1832, and spent his boyhood and youth amid the beautiful hills and valleys of that district. The family is of English origin and was established in America in 1635 or 1636, when three brothers of the name braved the dangers incident to an ocean voyage of that day and became residents of Massachusetts. They were Barnabas, William and Timothy Lamson, the first named being the ancestor of the branch of the family to which I. P. Lamson belongs. He embarked from Harwich, England, in the ship Defense, August 10, 1635, in company with the Rev. Thomas Shepard. They settled at Newtowne, now Cambridge, Massachusetts, and almost immediately found themselves placed in responsible positions there. The proprietary records of Cambridge show that at different times Barnabas Lamson sold land, that in 1636 he was a selectman and in 1637 a surveyor. He died about 1640, while his wife probably passed away at a previous date, and it seems likely that several of their children were born in England. The terms of his will pro- vided that his estate should be divided equally among his five children, the youngest of whom was Joseph Lamson. While there is no definite record concerning his HISTORY OF CLEVELAND - 77 birth, it is probable that he was born in 1638, at Charlestown, Massachusetts. By the terms of his father's will, being still a minor at the time of his father's death, he went to live in the family of Deacon Bridge and was still a member of the household according to an old church record of 1658. No further mention of him has been found until 1679, when the Middlesex probate record mentions his death as occurring in February of that year. Although the records of those early days are very incomplete, mention has been found of five children, of whom Savage says: "There is no positive evidence that these are his children but it is the consensus of opinion that they are." The third of these children was Ebenezer Lamson, who was married at Concord, Massachusetts, April 19, 1698, to Sarah Hartwell, a daughter of John and Priscilla (Wright) Hartwell. The death of Mrs. Sarah Lamson, who was born in December, 1677, occurred November 13, 1715. There has been no record found concerning the second marriage of Ebenezer Lamson, but from the date of the birth of his youngest child it is supposed that such a marriage occurred. His eldest child, Timothy Lamson, was born at Concord, Massachusetts, July 25, 1699, and was married at Woburn, Massachusetts, October 22, 1734, to Patience Thompson, who was born October 25, 1713, a daughter of Jonathan and Frances (Whitmore) Thompson and a granddaughter of Jonathan Thompson, Sr., who was the first male teacher of North Woburn, Massachusetts. The children of Timothy and Patience Lamson were seven in number, the fourth being Ebenezer Lamson, who was born at Concord, April 13, 1741. He made his home in childhood with his guardian and fourth cousin, Captain Isaac Hartwell, of North Gore, Massachusetts. He received a good common-school education and after his marriage became converted and soon commenced preaching. On the loth of June, 1778, he was ordained as pastor of the First Baptist church at Ashford, Connecticut. He was peacefully dismissed in November, 1782, the church recommending him as a faithful gospel preacher, but he did not take his dismissal kindly and criticised the church with great severity. He afterward preached at Sutton, Massachusetts, from 1788 until 1794. In later years he became a Universalist and owned a pew in the church of that denomination at Oxford, Massachusetts. From the force of cir- cumstances he was compelled at the age of eighty to seek a new home two hundred miles west of the birthplace of his children. He went to live with his son Isaac at Mount Washington, Massachusetts, where on July 4, 1824, when eighty-three years of age, he was the principal orator at a celebration held on Mt. Everett, the highest point in southern Berkshire. A published genealogy of the family says : "The address consumed two hours in its delivery. He gave many humorous anecdotes of his war experience (he had been a chaplain in the Revo- lutionary war) and, being a fine singef, interspersed the same with Revolutionary songs." His grandson, O. E. Lamson, gives the following description of him : "He was of florid complexion, had light brown hair, hazel eyes, Roman nose and thin lips. He had a ready tongue and a voice that was clear, soft and rich in melody. He was a fluent speaker with just a bit of sarcasm to make an impres- sion upon his listeners. He preached extemporaneously, and his sound eloquence gained for him the cognomen of elder. A good logical reasoner, he made a good impression, but his masterpiece was music. Such a voice few ever possess ; at the age of ninety-one, clear soft and sweet, without a tremor. At any time in life he could fill a church full of the richest melody." He died July 4, 1834, at Mount Washington, Massachusetts, predicting his death the night before. He was married April 28, 1763, to Ruth Phillips who was born at Oxford, Massa- chusetts, October 17, 1744, and died September 2, 1803. She was a daughter of Joseph and Ruth (Towne) Phillips, the former a grandson of the Rev. George Phillips, the first minister of Watertown, Massachusetts, and a direct ancestor of Wendell Phillips and Phillips Brooks. Isaac Lamson, the eldest child of Ebenezer and Ruth (Phillips) Lamson, was born at Charlton, Massachusetts, February 19, 1764, and was one of the self-made men of the olden time. His education was largely self-acquired, but 78 - HISTORY OF CLEVELAND he was a man of great natural ability. As a youth he worked for three dollars per month with the privilege of light and books in the winter time. He availed himself of every means to acquire knowledge, became a school teacher and for twenty years taught in the same town. He removed from Charlton to Mount Washington, Massachusetts, in the early part of the nineteenth century and soon became an active participant in the town's affairs and its business interests. In 1807 he purchased some small wood lots and in 1809 purchased the city sawmill. Later he secured four hundred and sixty acres, the same being the south half of Mt. Everett. He was town clerk from 1809 to 1816 inclusive and from 1819 to 1838 inclusive. He served as selectman in 1810, 1819 and 1820 and as a member of the school committee from 1814 to 1817 and from 1832 to 1834 inclusive. He was assessor in 1809, 1810 and 1813. He was married in April, 1784 or 1785, to Keziah Sharpe, who was born in 1767 in Ashford, Connecticut, and was a daughter of Solomon and Judith (Knowlton) Sharpe. Their eight children were born at Charlestown, Massachusetts. Their married life was terminated by legal separation and for his second wife Isaac Lamson chose Deborah Pray, who was born at Oxford, Massachusetts, March 20, 1784, a daughter of Ebenezer and Deborah Learned (Robinson) Pray. Isaac Lamson removed with his second wife to Mount Washington, Massachusetts. Four children were born of this union and the wife and mother died March 22, 1812. He was again married July 24, 1814, when Mrs. Waitstill (Holley) Patterson became his wife. She was the widow of Mark Patterson and a daughter of John and Rebecca (Lewis) Holley. She was born June 4, 1786, and died September 20, 1857, having for more than thirteen years survived her husband, Isaac Lamson, who died January 24, 1844. Isaac Lamson, a son of Isaac and Keziah Lamson, was born at Charlton, Massachusetts, February 8, 1799. He was a well informed man for the time in which he lived. Although a man of few words, when he spoke it was always to the point and he impressed his hearers with his honesty and sincerity. By occupation he was a collier and farmer and for many years lived in Berkshire county, Massachusetts. He also served as selectman and in various town offices. He was a life-long Methodist, prominent in the church and for some time acted as class leader. He also served in the state militia. On the 4th of January, 1825, he married Celina Miller, who was born October 7, 1805, a daughter of the Rev. Thomas and Asenith (Andrews) Miller. The first four years of their married life was spent in Sheffield, Massachusetts, whence they removed to Mount Washington and there on a farm among the rocky hills and unfruitful soil they spent the greater part of their lives and reared a family of eight children. They removed to Connecticut a few years before the death of the father that they might be near their children, and he passed away at Burlington, Connecticut, March 25, 1886, while Mrs. Lamson died August 1, 1888. The genealogy of the Miller family, has been traced back through eight generations to John Miller, who came to America from Maidstone, Kent county, England, about 1649, settling first at Lyon, Massachusetts, and removing later to East Hampton, Long Island. The Rev. Thomas Miller, father of Mrs. Celina Lamson, was a descendant in the first generation of John Miller and was a son of Jacob and Elizabeth (Filer) Miller. He was born in 1783 and died in 1859. He married for his first wife Asenith Andrews, of Wallingford, Connecticut, by whom he had eleven children. She died August 27, 1819, and he afterward wedded Phebe Canfield, of Canfield, Ohio, who was born in 1800 and died in 1854, leaving ten children. The family of Isaac and Celina (Miller) Lamson numbered four sons and four daughters. Samuel M., born at Sheffield, Massachusetts, January 1, 1826, was associated for a time with the Lamson & Sessions Company of Cleveland, but afterward returned to Connecticut, where he spent the remainder of his life on a farm, there passing away in June, 1909. Thomas H., born in Sheffield, Massachusetts, July 16, 1827, was one of the Lamson & Sessions Company and died in 1882. Celina. born at Mount Washington, Massachusetts, June 16, 1829, HISTORY OF CLEVELAND - 79 was married July 30, 1844, to Darius Campbell, of Bristol, Connecticut. He died August 19, 1904, but Mrs. Campbell is still living in Bristol. Isaac P. is the next of the family. Esther, born at Mount Washington, August 23, 1834, was married in November, 1855, to Henry Judson, who died March 4, 1874. On the 12th of October, 1892, she became the wife of I. T. Rowe and they reside in Bristol, Connecticut. Waldo, born February 11, 1837, died September 20, 1844. I.ucinda, born November 17, 1844, became the wife of John Elton and afterward married Walter Camp, their home being now at Southington, Connecticut. Mary, born at Mount Washington, April 13, 1848, was married November 26, 1868, to LeRoy A. Gleason, for thirty-six years general manager and inventor of the Lamson & Sessions Company. The four daughters all survive but Isaac P. Lamson is the only surviving son. In the public schools of his native county Isaac P. Lamson was educated and at the age of eighteen years he left home to engage in the bolt manufacturing business. He learned the trade and followed it for eighteen years, becoming foreman and superintendent of a factory. In 1865, in association with his brother and S. W. Sessions, he organized the Lamson & Sessions Company at Mount Carmel, Connecticut, and conducted a successful business there until 1869, when the plant was removed to Cleveland and soon became one of the city's important manu- facturing interests. In 1884 the business was incorporated with Mr. Sessions as president and Isaac P. Lamson as superintendent. The concern has now enjoyed a successful existence for over forty years and since 1884 has occupied its present site. This is one of the largest enterprises of its kind in the city and the factory is splendidly equipped for the conduct of the trade. The employment of skilled workmen and the utilization of modern machinery insures the excellence of the output, which finds a ready sale on the market. Mr. Lamson is now president. Since the creation of the company Mr. Lamson's attention has been chiefly confined to the machinery and manufacturing departments of the business, involving duties for which he was amply qualified by his early mechanical experience and training. Of the vast number of improvements in machinery and devices for manufacturing bolts and nuts during the past half century, few have escaped the critical inspection and careful study of Isaac Lamson. Always keenly on the alert for new inventions and novel ideas in the construction and adaptation of mechanical devices, his practical eye never failed to discover their merit or detect their faults. None of the numerous valuable machines in the mammoth factory of the Lamson & Sessions Company was placed there without the sanction and approval of Isaac Lamson, and it is admitted that he has rarely, if ever, erred in passing judgment on the merit of a new invention. Though not an inventor, Mr. Lamson is quick to comprehend the merits or faults of the inventions of others. Mr. Lamson's attention has been closely confined to the bolt and nut business, but he is connected with a number of other extensive commercial, manufacturing and financial enterprises in Cleveland and elsewhere. On the 17th of May, 1856, Mr. Lamson was married to Miss Fannie L. Sessions, a daughter of Calvin and Lydia (Humphreys) Sessions. She was born in Burlington, Connecticut, April 21, 1836. By her marriage she became the mother of one daughter, Lillian, now the wife of John G. Jennings and the mother of one son, I. Lamson Jennings, who attended the public and University schools of Cleveland and was graduated from Yale in 1907. He is now superintendent and one of the stockholders of the Lamson & Sessions Company. Mrs. Lamson died in Cleveland, January 24, 1904. She was very active in church and charitable work and served for many years as president of the board of lady managers of the Jones Home. She was also actively interested in various charities and her assistance was of a practical character that accomplished farreaching results. At her death the Rev. D. F. Bradley, her pastor, said of her : "Mrs. Lamson from her girlhood until the days when, in the maturity of a wide experience, she became the center of a circle of congenial spirits, had the passion for kindness and the 80 - HISTORY OF CLEVELAND opportunity for kindness, and the beautiful memory of her life is the result of her full use of the disposition and the opportunity. It would scarcely be appropriate to say of Mrs. Lamson that she did her duty to her honored husband, to her church and children and friends, and to all who looked to her for cheer and hope. Duty with her was illuminated and uplifted. It became only, the starting point for manifold service such as the quick mind and tender heart can give. Cold duty was kindled into a glow of gladness in every helpful, warm-hearted ministry. We came to expect from her, and not in vain, something sweeter and deeper than the ordinary processes of friendship and love. And those who knew her best and expected much of her were never disappointed. In all these years she has poured out her heart in devotion that never wearied." Mr. Lamson is of the same Christian faith as his wife but not a member of the Pilgrim Congregational church, though he is much interested in its various departments of work, especially that field of church work which has to do with the care of the poor and needy. He is now president of the Jones Home and he and his wife were in the utmost sympathy with all efforts to ameliorate the hard conditions of life for the unfortunate. Mr. Lamson is a member of the Chamber of Commerce and to a considerable extent has cooperated in its measures and movements for the public good. He has been a life-long republican, coming to his majority shortly before John C. Fremont was made the nominee of the party for the presidency. For one term he served as a member of the city council from the old thirteenth ward, but the honors and emoluments of office have had no attraction for him. He has been a delegate to the republican national conventions which nominated Benjamin Harrison and William McKinley, and he also served as the presidential elector when the former was chosen chief executive. Mr. Lamson is fond of spending an hour at golf and has always been a lover Of fine horses. He was for many years one of the leading matinee drivers of the city, owning some of the fastest pole teams. He resides at No. 2330 West Fourteenth street and has a country home, the Edgewood, in the midst of a sixty-acre farm on the St. Lawrence river near Alexandria Bay, New York. He has traveled extensively and spends his winters in Florida, where he owns and conducts an orange grove. For forty years he has been a representative of the manufacturing interests of Cleveland and from the age of eighteen has been dependent upon his own resources, seeking advancement along the well defined lines of labor where discriminating judgment has led the way. His labor, intelligently directed, has brought him to a prominent position in the business world as the representative of one of the most extensive and important industrial enterprises of Cleveland. OTTO MILLER. Otto Miller stands as a typical example of the college-bred young man of the present day, whose natural powers and acquired ability enable him to become a forceful factor in business, while his enterprise leads him as well into active connection with other interests that are vital elements in public life. A native of Cleveland, he was born on the 1st of July, 1874, his parents being James H. and Sophia M. (Hensch) Miller. The father was a Union soldier who served as lieutenant and adjutant in the First Ohio Light Artillery under General James Barnett. Otto Miller pursued his preliminary education in the University School and was graduated with the class of 1893. In the fall of the same year he entered Yale College, completing a course m the Sheffield Scientific School in 1896, at which time the Bachelor of Philosophy degree was conferred upon him. The following year was devoted to travel, during which period he visited many points of modern and historic interest in various sections of the world. At the out- HISTORY OF CLEVELAND - 83 break of the Spanish-American war he enlisted as a member of Troop C, Ohio Volunteer Cavalry, with the rank of quartermaster sergeant. The command was sent to Chattanooga, Tennessee, Lakewood, Florida, and afterward to Huntsville, Alabama, but was never called to the scene of action and when the war was brought to a successful termination Mr. Miller was mustered out of the service at Cleveland. He afterward engaged for several years in the bond business i and n 1904 became a partner in the firm of Hayden, Miller & Company, handling municipal and corporation bonds. He has been largely instrumental in placing his firm in the front rank among the enterprises of this character in the city. He is .today well known as a prominent factor in financial circles, enjoying an extensive and gratifying clientage. He is a director in the Bank of Commerce National Association, treasurer of the University School, director of The Troop A Riding Academy and treasurer of Troop A Ohio National Guard. On the 4th of December, 1goi, Mr. Miller married Miss Elisabeth Clark , Tyler, a daughter of Washington S. and Marian (Clark) Tyler, of Cleveland. Mrs. Miller is a trustee of the Babies Hospital, is a member of the Sunbeam Circle and is helpfully interested in various philanthropic and charitable organizations. Mr. and Mrs. Miller have two sons, Otto, Jr., and Washington Tyler. The family residence is at No. 3734 Euclid avenue and is the scene of many delightful social functions. Mr. Miller is prominent in various social clubs and organizations, belonging to the Union, University, Tavern and Country Clubs, of Cleveland ; and the University Club of New York. He is also a member of the Chamber of Commerce and is interested in the various plans of that organization for the development of the business interests and municipal progress of the city. He retains his interest in military affairs and is now frrst lieutenant of Troop A, Ohio National Guard, in which he has served as private corporal and second lieutenant. He was also personal aide-de-camp on the staffs of Governors Herrick and Pattison and is now serving on Governor Harmon's staff. He belongs to the Spanish War Veterans Association, the Sons of the American Revolution and to the Loyal Legion and zealously cooperates m any movement toward promoting the standard of excellence for military organizations in this state. His chief recreations are tennis, horseback riding and motoring. He is popular in the younger social circles of the city, where his entire life has been passed, his geniality winning him the friendship of those with whom he comes in contact. With all of his interest in business, military and social life, he is not unmindful of his obligations to the unfortunate and is now serving as a member of the board and of the finance committee of the Associated Charities. His political endorsement is given to the republican party, but while keeping well informed on the vital questions of the day, he is without ambition for office. TALMAR JAY ROSS. There is perhaps no stronger indication of advancing civilization than is found in the general awakening of the public conscience—a fact which is being manifest in almost every city of the Union in the prosecution of public officials, who, untrue to the oath of office, have used opportunities to further their own interests rather than to protect the general welfare. In the prosecution of some notable cases of this character, Talmar Jay Ross became recognized as one of the leading lawyers of Cleveland, and while he does not desire now to specialize in the department of criminal law, he yet has much important practice of that character and at the same time is proving his professional service of equal worth in the department of civil law. Born in Galion, Ohio, November 11, 1865, Mr. Ross is a son of William Y. and Amanda J. (Rhinehart) Ross. His grandfather, Moses Ross, was a farmer 84 - HISTORY OF CLEVELAND of Pickaway county, Ohio, to which district he removed from New Jersey in pioneer times. His son, William Y. Ross, was born in Pickaway county, October 26, 1835, and followed the occupation to which he was reared. When thirty- six years of age he removed to Indiana, where he resided for ten years, and then became a stock drover at Delphi, Carroll county, Indiana. In 1881 he removed to Galion, where he continued business as a stock drover, conducting a profitable business, which was of value to the community as well, in that it furnished a market for the stock-raisers of his district. The appreciation of his fellow townsmen for his progressive citizenship and devotion to the public good was manifest in his election to the city council for two terms, and for one term he served as president of the council at Galion. His death occurred May 7, 1901. His wife was born in March, 1842, and was a daughter of Thomas J. and Susan (Garbarick) Rhinehart. The two brothers of T. J. Ross are Ralph W., of Cleveland, who is an expert electrician, especially on motor cars ; and James 0., prominent in the political circles of Galion, Ohio, where he has served as city clerk for many years, also as city auditor and in other local offices. Talmar Jay Ross pursued his early education in the public schools of Pittsburg, Indiana, and in the high school of Galion, Ohio, and also received private instruction. After giving some time to the study of law he was admitted to the bar June 5, 1888, and entered upon active practice in Cleveland on the 14th of January, 1889, in association with the firm of Smith & Blake, with whom he continued until the following November. He then formed a partnership with J. C. Poe, under the firm name of Poe & Ross, which continued until September, 1895, when he joined E. J. Hart, in organizing the law firm of Hart & Ross. They practiced together for two years, and Mr. Ross was then alone from 1897 until January 8, 1899. He was then appointed assistant county prosecutor, which position he held until November 1, 1905, filling out the unexpired term of his predecessor, prior to which he had been nominated by the republican party but was defeated in the democratic landslide of 1905. Since his retirement from office he has practiced alone. The court records show that he has been connected with much notable litigation. He has tried many murder cases, acting for the prosecution in the case of Ed Ruthven, a notorious desperado and thief, who was tried for murder in the first degree and confessed to more than thirty burglaries. He had escaped from the police on various occasions but was at length apprehended, and the city was much stirred up over his trial. Mr. Ross has tried probably twenty murder cases as county prosecutor and assistant but does not now make a specialty of criminal law, although much practice of this character comes to him because of his known ability in this department. He prosecuted the city-hall fraud cases in 1902, arising from the passing of fraudulent bills through the city auditor's and treasurer's offices. He appeared before the supreme court in this case and won his suit, sending Albert Davis and Samuel Brook to the penitentiary. He has ever been fearless in his prosecution, discharging his duties in the most prompt and faithful manner, although many would have considered it doubtful policy to follow the course that he pursued, knowing that it would work against his further political advancement. He also tried the coal cases versus the coal trusts, where a county combination of coal companies was formed to raise and maintain the price of coal sold to the city as well as to private parties. Mr. Ross has had much experience in this line of practice, being for seven years almost continuously before the grand jury or in the trial of cases before court and jury. Since his retirement from the prosecutor's office he has frequently been called upon to defend criminals and has met at the bar many eminent lawyers, his own ability being proven in the forensic victories which he has won. On the 17th of January, 1905, Mr. Ross was married to Miss Clara L. Mott, a daughter of Daniel Mott, of Girard, Pennsylvania. He belongs to the Masonic fraternity, in which he has taken the Knight Templar degree and also crossed the sands of the desert with the Nobles of the Mystic Shrine. He belongs to the HISTORY OF CLEVELAND - 45 Knights of Pythias fraternity and is a member of the Chamber of Commerce. Prominent in the ranks of the republican party, he belongs to the Tippecanoe and the Western Reserve Clubs, two republican clubs, and has been a delegate to the county and congressional conventions. He brings to political questions the same keen analysis which has been brought to bear in his law work and at all times has manifested his public-spirited citizenship in effective and beneficial ways. WILLIAM J. ROBERTSON. William J. Robertson was born in Oswego, New York, September 7, 1864. His father, Andrew Robertson, was born in Scotland in 1826 and came to America in 1850 when a young man of twenty-four years. He sailed between America and European ports and for many years was on the Great Lakes, be- coming one of the well known men in the early days of lake navigation. He married Ruth Glassford of Prescott, Canada, who was born in 1836 and died in 1875. Mr. Robertson long survived his wife and passed away in 1897. William J. Robertson was educated in the Oswego public schools and after putting aside his text-books made his initial step in the business world as a messenger boy for the Western Union Telegraph Company. He entered the railway service in 1881 with the Chicago & Northwestern Railway Company, re- maining in a clerical capacity until 1885 when he went to St. Paul with the Minnesota & Northwestern Railway as car accountant. There he continued until 1888, when he came to Cleveland with the Nickel Plate and was made car accountant in November, 1891. This position he still fills. On the 24th of July, 1891, Mr. Robertson was married to Miss Josephine Pool, a daughter of Augustus and Frances (Rathbun) Pool, of Oswego, New York. They reside at No. 6103 Curtis avenue and have many warm friends in this city. Mr. Robertson belongs to the Cleveland Athletic Club and to the National Union, but his interest centers in his home. JOSEPH COX. Joseph Cox, one of the Civil war veterans and for many years a successful gardener of Cleveland, conducting an extensive business, was born in Knowlton, England, November 15, 1829. He represents an old family of English origin, his parents being John and Sarah (Sheppard) Cox, who came to the United States during the boyhood days of their son, Joseph, and settled in Cleveland. The personal history of our subject has no spectacular chapters but is fraught with lessons concerning the value of character and the worth of industry and perseverance in the business affairs of life. After coming to Cleveland he engaged in gardening, having received his training under the direction of his father, who was a farmer of England. At the time of the Civil war he put aside all business and personal considerations and responded to the call of his adopted country for troops. His enlistment in August, 1862, made him a member of Company G, of the Sixty-seventh Ohio Volunteer Infantry. He joined his command at Suffolk, Virginia, serving under Captain Charles Minor and Colonel A. C. Voris, He was at the front throughout the remainder of the war, participating in many hotly contested engagements and in one battle was shot through the upper part of the leg. At the close of the war he received honorable discharge and returned home with a creditable military record, having given ample demonstration of his loyalty and his bravery. After the war Mr. Cox entered the employ of Dr. Streator, on Euclid avenue, and planted all of the trees on that beautiful thoroughfare, including the 86 - HISTORY OF CLEVELAND famous magnolia trees of which only two are now left—one white and one purple. For many years Mr. Cox continued in business as a gardener, building up an extensive patronage, and his success is indicated in the fact that he is now able to live retired, enjoying in well earned rest the fruits of his former toil. It was on Christmas Day of 1851 that Mr. Cox was married in England to Miss Ellen Oswin, and with the passing of the years they became the parents of five children, four sons and one daughter, all of whom survive with the exception of the second son, Joseph Sheppard. The others are William O., John Henry, Samuel E. and Nellie S., all residing in Cleveland. Mr. Cox owns the home which he occupies and was formerly the owner of a quarter of an acre of land adjoining this property, which he sold some time ago. He made purchase of this real estate in 1859 and has been the owner of the residence to the present time. In his political views Mr. Cox has long been a stalwart republican and though now well advanced in years yet maintains a deep interest in the vital questions and issues of the day. He holds membership with the Grand Army of the Republic, thus maintaining pleasant relations with the boys in blue, and he attends the Euclid Avenue Christian church. While he has now reached the age of eighty years he is still young in spirit and interests, and although born across the water there is no native son of America who has been more loyal to the interests of this land. He has ever felt the strongest love for America and her free institutions, and his interest is centered in Cleveland, where for so many years he has made his home, manifesting genuine delight in those move- ments and measures which have promoted her substantial upbuilding and wel- fare. CHARLES R. BUTLER, D. D. S., M. D. Dr. Charles R. Butler has attained to a position of distinctive precedence as one of the most skilled and able practitioners of dentistry in Cleveland, having since the close of the Civil war been a well known representative of the profes- sion here. He was born in Portage county, Ohio, June 28, 1835, and comes of Huguenot ancestry. His grandfather, David Butler, located in Atwater township, Portage county, Ohio, at an early period in the development of that portion of the state. He brought his family with him to the middle west and since that time representatives of the name have figured actively in connection with the substantial growth and improvement of Ohio. His son, Rufus Butler, was born in Branford, Connecticut, and accompanied his parents on their westward re- moval. They arrived in Portage county a short time after Mr. Atwater, who had come from Connecticut and had taken up an entire township, the tract being named in his honor. Rufus Butler became actively associated with the agricultural development of the county in pioneer times and remained a factor in the farming interests of that locality until his death. He wedded Mary Russell, a native of North Branford, Connecticut. She was of English lineage and a de- scendant of Lord John Russell. Her father, as well as the paternal grandfather of Dr. Butler, was a soldier of the American army in the Revolutionary war. The marriage of Mr. and Mrs. Rufus Butler was celebrated in Connecticut ere they sought a home in the "far west," as Ohio was then known. Upon the farm in Portage county they reared their family, numbering seven sons and three daughters, of whom three sons and two daughters are yet living, namely : Charles R., of this review ; Fredrick, a railroad contractor and builder of Iowa ; Willis, a carpenter, also living in Iowa ; Eliza; and Mrs. Delia Streator, of Lansing, Michigan. Dr. Butler, the eldest of the family, spent his youthful days in Portage county, assisting in the arduous task of developing new land and profiting by the instruc- tion accorded in the public schools of that day. At nineteen years of age he HISTORY OF CLEVELAND - 89 began the study of medicine under the direction of Dr. M. L. Wright, of Cleveland, and in 1855 he took up the study of dentistry with Dr. W. H. Atkinson, a physician and dentist. Further pursuing his course, he was graduated from the Pennsylvania College of Dental Surgery in Philadelphia with the class of 1858, at which time the degree of Doctor of Dental Science was conferred upon him. He then continued with his preceptor until 1861, after which he opened an office on his own account where the Cuyahoga building now stands. While practicing dentistry he continued the study of medicine and in due time completed a course in the Western Reserve Medical School, being graduated therefrom with the M. D. degree in 1865. During his college days he gave his attention principally to general surgery under the instruction of Dr. Elisha Sterling, for at that time he seemed to prefer surgical to other lines of professional work. However, he had already gained a good foothold in the practice of dentistry and continued his labors in the latter line, although for several years he administered anaesthetics for various surgeons in the city. In time, however, he withdrew entirely from that field of practice, concentrating his energies upon dentistry, owing to the continued growth of his business in that connection. At the time of the Civil war, however, Dr. Butler put aside professional and personal relations, enlisting in 1864 as a member of Company H, One Hundred and Fiftieth Ohio Volunteer Infantry, under Colonel Hayward. Five brothers of the family had offered their services to the country at the beginning of the war, two of whom had died while in the army, while the others remained at the front until mustered out, as did Dr, Butler. While in the army he had considerable professional experience, being on duty in a brigade hospital near Washington. D. C. When the war was over and the country no longer needed his aid Dr. Butler returned to Cleveland and resumed practice, from which time he has given his attention almost exclusively to dentistry. Thus for over fifty years, with the exception of the interruption that came through his military service, he has been continuously connected with the profession in Cleveland and with one exception is the oldest representative of the calling in this city in years of uninterrupted service in professional lines. He has enjoyed a patronage equaled by few and for twenty-nine years was located at Euclid avenue and Huron road, in the heart of the best residence district of the olden times, having among his clientele the largest number of the leading old families of any member of the dental fraternity in Cleveland. He also had many patrons among residents of New York, Chicago, Philadelphia, Pittsburg and other cities, who in visiting Cleveland availed themselves of the opportunity to benefit by his service. Dr. Butler has ever been regarded as a most progressive representative of the profession, at all times keeping in touch with the latest scientific researches and discoveries, while his office displays the most improved equipments that are an aid to dental practice. In 1864 he held the chair of clinical dentistry in the New York Dental School and in 1865-6 occupied the same chair in the Ohio College of Dental Surgery at Cincinnati, while in 1892-3 he was dean of the dental department of the Western Reserve University. That he enjoys national prominence is indicated by the fact that he was honored with the presidency of the American Dental Association and has also been chosen presiding officer of the Ohio State Dental Society, the Northern Ohio Dental Association and the Cleveland Dental Society. At the present writing he is serving on the board of directors of the state society and he has been a frequent and valued contributor to scientific journals. In Portage county, Ohio, Dr. Butler was married to Miss Sarah E. Eddy, a daughter of the Rev. Ira Eddy, a pioneer Methodist Episcopal preacher of Portage county, Ohio. Mrs. Butler died in 1893 and five years later Dr. Butler was married at Fargo, North Dakota, to Mrs. Jane E. Eddy, of that place. Dr. Butler held membership in the Cleveland Art Club until its discontinuance. He is a thirty-third degree Mason and a member of the Mystic Shrine and has held vari- 90 - HISTORY OF CLEVELAND ous offices in the different departments of Masonry, being one of the most active and honored representatives of the craft. He is also secretary of the board of trustees of the First Methodist Episcopal church, which office he has filled for many years, his labors and influence being a potent factor in the substantial growth of the church, while at all times he gives active cooperation to those measures and movements which tend to promote the material, intellectual, social and moral progress of the city. JOHN ZIPP. John Zipp, who has never feared to venture where a favoring opportunity has led the way, is now the president of the Zipp Manufacturing Company, in which connection he is guiding the destinies of an important manufacturing enterprise that deserves classification with the leading productive industries of Cleveland. Step by step along the path of orderly progression he has made his way, and the course which he has followed has won him the respect and confidence of his colleagues and associates. His birth occurred at the old family homestead in this city, December 13, 1857, his parents being John and Catherine (Kreckel) Zipp, the former born in Germany September 10, 1823, and the latter on the 5th of November, of the same year. They came to America in their minority, however, and John Zipp made his way westward on the Erie canal, which was then much used for travel between New York city and Cleveland. He was a building contractor and also conducted a stone, coal and wood business, having a yard at the corner of Canal and Commercial streets. With the passing years his business interests developed to extensive proportions. The date of his arrival was 1842 and in 1846 he wedded Miss Catherine Kreckel, who long survived him, passing away in 1890. His death occurred in Cleveland in 1864. John Zipp, whose name introduces this review, pursued his education in the Brownell Street school, which he entered on its opening day, therein pursuing his studies until he reached the age of fourteen years, when he began learning the more difficult lessons in the school of experience by starting out in the bus- mess world. He was first employed in a flour, feed and grocery store, where he continued until January, 1879. His next step brought him intimate knowledge of the business that has had to do with shaping his later career. He entered the employ of John H. Cause & Company, owners of coffee and spice mills and manufacturers of flavoring extracts, baking powder and grocery sundries. For one year he acted as bill clerk and afterward took charge of the books and office, remaining with that firm as a most competent and trusted employe until it went out of business in 1885. Believing that the time was ripe for his embarkation in business on his own account Mr. Zipp, on the 2d of September, 1885, opened an establishment at No. 64 Woodland avenue for the manufacture of flavoring extracts and baking powder. The business has developed along substantial lines until it is one of the extensive and important manufacturing concerns of the city. In 1896 papers of incorporation were taken out under the name of the Zipp Manufacturing Company. The growth of the business necessitated the removal to the large brick building at Nos. 747 to 751 Woodland avenue, which the company now occupies. The house is represented on the road by eleven traveling salesmen, and the territory extends from New York to Oklahoma. The best known brand of their extracts is "Zipp's U. S. P."—United States Pharmacopoeia. An im- portant branch of the business is that of the manufacture of Zipp's crushed fruits, syrups and flavoring extracts for soda-fountain use. The growth of this department has been marvelous, owing to the high quality of the product, and it has also had rapid increase since so many of the states have adopted the local HISTORY OF CLEVELAND - 91 option law. Mr. Zipp has ever maintained a high standard in the excellence of the output, regarding satisfied patrons as his best advertisement, and as the years have gone on his increasing patronage has made him one of the substantial manufacturers of the city. During the year 1910 the company expects to erect a new plant on the site of the old family homestead at the corner of Webster and East Thirteenth streets, fully equipped in every detail for the manufacture of those products which have made the name of Zipp familiar in many households throughout the country. On the 27th of December, 1881, Mr. Zipp was married to Miss Catherine Emig, who was born in Mansfield, Ohio, but during her girlhood days was brought to Cleveland by her parents, Mr. and Mrs. George A. Emig. Her death occurred October 11, 1908, two .children surviving: Helen, who is now Mrs. F. L. Fisher, of Cleveland, and lives with her father, and John, who was born January 2, 1901, and is attending the Giddings school. Mr. Zipp has been a life-long republican and while always an interested member of his party has never held nor sought office. He belongs to the Chamber of Commerce and cooperates in its various projects for the city's commercial growth and its improvement. He also holds membership relations in the Tippecanoe Club and with the Commercial Travelers. Always a resident of this city, he is widely known here as a man whose enterprise has been his dominating quality, advancing him from an obscure position in the business world to a place which has made his name an honored one on commercial paper. JAMES RITCHIE. James Ritchie, a civil engineer of the firm of Ritchie & Ruple, has thus been associated in the practice of his profession since 1900. More than thirty-one years have passed since he won his Bachelor of Science degree and entered upon his chosen calling, and through the intervening period his progress has been of a steady and healthful character. Massachusetts numbers him among her native sons, his birth having occurred in Roxbury, that state. His father, James Ritchie, was a native of Needham, Massachusetts, and was of Scotch descent. Representatives of the name, however, left the land of hills and heather and emigrated to the north of Ireland, whence the progenitors of the family came to America in 1689, settling in New Hampshire. The family has included a number of prominent ecclesiastics. James Ritchie, Sr., however, became a civil engineer and followed the profession in early life but later turned his attention to mercantile and educational pursuits. He left the impress of his individuality upon the different lines of activity with which he was connected, and he was also prominent in politics, being recognized as a leader of his party. He held several important state and federal offices, and he stood as a worthy exponent of good citizenship and of loyalty, fidelity and efficiency in positions of public trust. He wedded Mary Kimball, also a native of Massachusetts. In the maternal line she was connected with the Gages, a very prominent family known in America from early colonial days. She was a direct descendant of Sir Thomas Gage, colonial governor of Boston during the Revolutionary war. His brother was a soldier of the American army in that struggle. His daughter was the grandmother of Mrs. Ritchie. The death of Mr. Ritchie occurred in 1873, while his widow long survived, passing away in 1897. James Ritchie of this review attended the Roxbury Latin school, which prepared him for entrance into the Massachusetts Institute of Technology at Boston. He matriculated in that school, wherein he continued his studies until he was graduated with the Bachelor of Science degree in the class of 1878, having pursued a course in civil engineering. He entered upon the active practice of his profession in connection with the Chicago, Burlington & Quincy Railroad Corn- 92 - HISTORY OF CLEVELAND pany as assistant engineer at Aurora, Illinois, and later he became assistant chief engineer of the Big Four Railway system, having in the meantime been promoted through various positions to that of assistant chief engineer of the line. In 1893, however, he resigned his position to engage in private practice in Cleveland and was alone until 1899, during which time he was engineer for the construction and design of the dry dock for the American Ship Building Company, at Lorain, Ohio. He also began the Baltimore dry dock at Baltimore, Maryland, in 1899, completing the work in 1901. These are but examples of the large undertakings which claimed his attention in this field of labor, the Baltimore dry dock being with one exception the largest in the United States. This, therefore, indicates his high standing in the profession, as he has attained to a position that places him in the foremost rank among the civil engineers east of the Missis- sippi. He acted as city engineer of Cleveland in 1900 and 1901 and was also engineer of the grade-crossing commission from 1900 until 1902, during which period the most important work done was that of the grade-crossing separation. In 1900 the firm of Ritchie & Ruple was organized and has so continued. Recently they have completed a seven-hundred-foot dry dock at Lorain for the American Ship Building Company, the second of this character which Mr. Ritchie has built for the company. He has also been consulting engineer for various projects, including electric railways, and is highly regarded by the pro- fession. He looked after the Detroit water-works tunnel for the contractors, and aside from his individual interests he is the vice president and one of the directors of the C. H. Fath & Sons Constructing Company, of Cleveland. Mr. Ritchie was married in 1886 to Mrs. Sarah E. Ruple, of Cleveland, and they are well known socially in the city. He was formerly identified with its military interests as a member of the Cleveland Grays, has been an active and efficient member of the Chamber of Commerce and has membership interests in the line of his profession, belonging to the Cleveland Engineering Society, of which he was formerly the president, and to the American Society of Civil Engineers. Possessing a nature that could never be content with mediocrity and actuated in all that he has done by a laudable ambition and, moreover, recognizing the fact that advancement must depend upon ability and merit, he has gradually worked his way upward until the consensus of public opinion places him in a prominent position in the ranks of the profession which he has chosen as a life work. FRANK L. BOYNTON. Frank L. Boynton was born February 29, 1872, at Elyria, Ohio, a son of Milton S. and Mary M. (Eldred) Boynton. He was educated in his native city until he had mastered the work of consecutive grades and finished the high-school course, which completed his literary training. Endowed by nature with musical talent, which he has cultivated under the direction of able instructors as well as by more than sixteen years' identification with bands and symphony orchestras, during which time he played with Innes's Band and was a member of the Wash- ington Symphony Orchestra for four years under the direction of Reginald De- Koven, he has attained an unusual degree of efficiency in the field of musical art. On the 10th of October, 1901, Mr. Boynton was married to Mrs. Elsie Fell Fulton, a native of Philadelphia and a daughter of William Jenks and Harriet (Troutman) Fell and granddaughter of George M. Troutman, who was for more than thirty years president of the Central National Bank of Philadelphia. Mrs. Boynton is descended from an old Quaker family of Pennsylvania. Her father Was a member of the firm of C. J. Fell & Brother, who in their time were well known, wholesale dealers in spices in Philadelphia. By her first marriage Mrs. Boynton became the mother of one daughter, Harriette Fell Fulton, who HISTORY OF CLEVELAND - 95 was born July 26, 1893, now a student in the Hathaway-Brown school of Cleveland. Two children have been born unto Mr. and Mrs. Boynton: Eldred Troutman, November 7, 1902; and Delano King, June 18, 1908. In 1906 Mr. Boynton became a resident of Cleveland and besides making several real-estate investments he soon began the manufacture of violins and bass viols, in which business he continues with excellent success. His own musical talent and correct ear and keen appreciation of harmony enables him to easily judge the value of his own products not only in their practical workmanship but also in tone and quality. The enterprise which he has established is a growing one, for the instruments of his manufacture have taken a high position among the best of modern construction. Mr. Boynton is a member of the Hermit Club and his political views are manifest in the stalwart and unfaltering support which he gives to the republican party at the polls. His wife is a member of Emanuel Protestant Episcopal church. The family home at No. 1902 East Eighty-ninth street, is a most modern and pleasantly appointed residence, while their summer home, on the lake shore about twenty miles west of Cleveland, is one of the most attractively located and delightful country homes in that section. Mr. Boynton is numbered among the progressive and thrifty of the young business men of Cleveland, where substantial success has come to him as the legitimate and logical reward of intelligence and well directed effort. ARTHUR J. WENHAM. There remains to the enterprise, commercial integrity and business ability of Arthur J. Wenharn a monument in the Wenham grocery house, one of the leading wholesale establishments of Cleveland. He was for many years recog- nized as one of the foremost representatives of trade relations of this city, and the sterling traits which he displayed in other relations of life gave him a hold upon the regard and affections of his fellowmen that causes his memory to be tenderly cherished by those who were his friends and associates. He was a native of England. His mother, Mrs. Sarah (Crowther) Wenham, was a very prominent woman in that country and for some years prior to her marriage was at the head of a young ladies' school in London. At the age of five years Arthur J. Wenham was brought by his parents to the United States, and for a time they resided in New York, subsequently removing to Cleveland. Here the father, James Wenham, conducted an extensive business as a gardener and was the owner of property where the Edgewater Park is now located. Entering the public schools of this city, Arthur J. Wenham pursued his education through consecutive grades and after putting aside his text-books learned the drug busi- ness. Having acquainted himself with the trade, he opened a store of his own which he conducted successfully for a time and then sold out to engage in the wholesale grocery business under the style of the A. J. Wenham Grocery Company. From the beginning the new enterprise proved a profitable one, for it was founded upon a safe, substantial basis, its progressive business policy being tempered by a safe conservatism, while the methods of the house were not ques- tioned as to reliability. After some years Mr. Wenham admitted his sons to a partnership, at which time the firm name of A. J. Wenham & Sons was assumed.. From the establishment of the business Mr. Wenham devoted his entire time and attention to its upbuilding and succeeded in developing a very large trade. His house became one of the foremost in this line in Cleveland, and at his death he turned over to his sons a most profitable concern. In his business judgment he was seldom if ever at fault, and his keen discernment enabled him to make judicious investments in real estate from time to time. 96 - HISTORY OF CLEVELAND Mr. Wenham was married twice. He first wedded Miss Mary Allison and they had three sons : Arthur Allison and Frederick L., of Cleveland, and George B., of Chicago. Having lost his first wife, Mr. Wenham was married to Miss M. M. Putnam, of Canada, and they became the parents of a daughter and son: Mrs. Grace Crowell and John K., of the Pittsburg Plate Glass Company. The death of the husband and father occurred September 30, 1885. He was among the honored and faithful members of St. John's church and was a very charitable man who gave freely of his means in the aid of the poor and needy. His assistance was not prompted by his sense of rigid duty but by the earnest desire to be of aid to his fellowmen, for he recognized a brotherhood of the race and took very genuine interest in those with whom he came in contact. In his business affairs he wrought along well defined lines of labor, manifested intelligent appreciation of opportunity and throughout his entire career displayed an habitual regard for what is best in the exercise of human activities. Mrs. Wenham still occupies the old home on Franklin avenue, where she lives with her two children and her grandchildren. CHARLES P. MOORE. Charles P. Moore was born at Niles, Trumbull county, Ohio, in 1858 At the usual age he entered the public schools there and after completing the course started upon his business career with the rolling mills at Canal Dover, Ohio. He afterward spent ten years in the west and southwest in the real-estate business, and in 1894 he came to Cleveland, where he engaged in dealing in real estate, organizing the Lake Shore Land Company, of which he is secretary and treasurer. This company makes a specialty of erecting homes for workingmen, which are sold on the installment plan and in this direction Mr. Moore's labors are of practical benefit to his fellowmen in that through this method many workmen secure homes of their own where otherwise it could not be done. In 1886 was celebrated the marriage of Mr. Moore and Miss Minnie Deardorff, a resident of Canal Dover, and unto them have been born two children : Genette, a graduate of the Central high school, who afterward became a student at Rogers Flail in Lowell, Massachusetts ; and Katharine, who is a student in the Hathaway Brown school. The parents and elder daughter are members of the Emanuel Episcopal church. Mr. Moore is well known as a prominent representative of real-estate interests in Cleveland and his success, substantial as it is, has come as the direct and merited reward of his labor. BURT W. CORNING. Burt W. Corning, who has been aptly termed one of the most successful architects of Cleveland, started upon life's journey as a country boy and was reared as a farm lad. His ambition, however, sought broader fields of labor and in the profession which he has chosen as a life work he has made substantial and satisfactory progress. He now maintains offices in the Schofield building and has a liberal and growing patronage. His birth occurred in Mecosta county, Michigan, May 29, 1865. The Corning family is of Irish lineage but was founded in America at early date. Ephraim A. Corning, the father of our subject, was born in Pennsylvania and arrived in Michigan in 1848. There he turned his attention to general agricultural pursuits, which he has since successfully followed. In the community where he resides he is well known, his sterling traits of character gaining him the respect and confidence of those with whom he is brought HISTORY OF CLEVELAND - 97 in contact. He was united in marriage to Miss Amelia M. Sweet, a native of the Empire state, and she, too, is yet living. Burt W. Corning was reared upon his father's farm and attended the country schools to the age of fifteen years. He displayed special aptitude in his studies and then began teaching in the district schools, but his interests lay in other directions and he entered upon an apprenticeship to the builder's trade. In 1891 he began business along that line on his own account as a contractor and builder at Grand Rapids, Michigan, where he remained for five or six years. He afterward began study in an architect's office in Grand Rapids, Michigan, and in 1899 he became a practicing architect, opening an office in Cleveland where he has met with gratifying success from the start. Here he has designed and erected many apartment houses, including the Republic apartment house, the Poinciana, the Adelmar Glenola, and the Crawford Tilden. He was the first man to erect apartment houses with private porches in Cleveland, and he has introduced many new and novel features and many which contribute much to convenience and comfort. In addition to those mentioned he has built many other apartments and terraces and he is a director of the Niagara Realty Company. On the 25th of May, 1885, occurred the marriage of Mr. Corning and Miss Flora B. Haney, of Grand Rapids. They have two children : Verne H., born in 1890; and Leo H., in 1897. Mr. Corning gives little time to outside interests, concentrating his energies upon his profession, with the result that he has made rapid advance therein. Important contracts are annually awarded him and the amount of his business and the nature of his work both indicate him to be one of the foremost architects of Cleveland. CLARENCE L. NEWELL. The public spirit of Clarence L. Newell has found tangible expression in many ways, for in his real-estate activities he has done much to improve the sections of the city in which he has operated. When Cleveland contained not more than two or three thousand people and this section of the state was just emerging from pioneer conditions. Mr. Newell was born m Brecksville, Cuyahoga county, September 5, 1839. His grandfather, Rufus Newell, came from the Mohawk valley, in New York, and settled in Cuyahoga county about 1805. His father, Thaddeus Newell, also came to the Western Reserve at that time, and at his death his remains were interred in the family lot in Brecksville cemetery, where four generations of the family now lie buried. John Newell, the father of C. L. Newell, was born in this county in 1812 and was reared amid the wild scenes and environments of the frontier. As his years and strength in- creased he assisted in the early progress and development of this portion of the state. In 1858 he removed to Buchanan county, Iowa, and purchased a farm near Quasqueton, ten miles from Independence, the county seat. There his second wife, who is over ninety years of age, is still residing. Clarence L. Newell began business at an early day, assisting his father in getting out special timbers for dock and ship building purposes. He followed that pursuit for a number of years, or until about 1880. In 1882 he built an oat-meal mill in Cleveland, being one of the first to see the possibilities of that business, in which he continued for eight or ten years, enjoying a constantly in- creasing patronage as his output grew in general favor. At length the business was merged with that of the American Cereal Company, of which he became a director. In later years his attention has been largely given to real-estate oper- ations. Before disposing of the oat-meal mill he had purchased a tract of forty acres in Lakewood and there laid out the C. L. and L. R. Newell subdivision, of Lakewood, He also built Lakeland avenue, making a fine pleasure driveway. He also donated the right of way for Lake avenue and Clifton boulevard 98 - HISTORY OF CLEVELAND through this allotment to Lakewood. The former is one hundred feet wide and the latter is one hundred and twenty feet wide. In his real-estate operations here Mr. Newell works along the lines of modern city building, promoting and fostering all improvements possible toward making this one of the beautiful districts of the city. He is also a proprietor of the Newell Quarry Company, which is engaged in crushing stone into silica sand, a product used largely for molding and art stone work. This business is practically in its infancy but it is coming rapidly into public favor and promises to be a very profitable investment, Mr. Newell is also president of the Century Oil Producers Company and vice president of the National Adding Machine Company. He sees and recognizes opportunities which others pass by heedlessly and finds in a laudable ambition for success the stimulus for active effort. Even at an age when many men put aside business cares he is still an enterprising factor in the world's work and his success is well merited. In 1863 occurred the marriage of Mr. Newell and Miss Marinda Sanborn, of Ridgefield, Summit county, Ohio, and unto them have been born three sons, namely: Harry F., Charles L., and George S., all of whom are associated with their father in business. The first named is a graduate of Oberlin College and the other sons attended the city schools. Mr. Newell is not strictly partisan in politics and in fact considers the capabilities of the candidates rather than his party affiliations where only municipal interests are involved. He has always desired everything that is best for the city and county in which he has spent his entire life and of whose growth and upbuilding he has been an interested witness and at times a cooperant factor. REV. ANDREW BARCLAY MELDRUM, D. D. Rev. Andrew Barclay Meldrum, D. D., pastor of the Old Stone church (First Presbyterian) of Cleveland, was born in Fifeshire, Scotland, September 9, 1837. The family is distinctively Scotch as far back as the ancestry can be traced, early representatives of the name living in the Highlands. His grand- father, Robert Meldrum, was a shipbuilder of Dysart in Fifeshire and reared a family of five sons and seven daughters, all of the sons becoming seafaring men. His father was Captain Robert Meldrum, commander of a merchant ves- sel, sailing between London and Hong Kong. He went down with his ship, all hands lost, in 1861, presumably on the China seas. No more was ever heard from him after that year, or from any on board, and no trace of the vessel was ever found. The mother bore the maiden name of Agnes Ness Grant, and she, too, was a native of Scotland. Dr. Meldrum spent his early boyhood days in the land of the crag and glen, of mountain peak and mountain lake, of lowland heath and plain, of liberty, poetry and song, of religious and educational zeal; of the home of Wallace and Bruce, Scott and Burns ; of those heroes who have honored Britain's flag on every field from Waterloo to the Crimea and Lucknow ; the ancestral home of so many of America's brightest, best and most distinguished men. He lost his father during his early childhood, and when twelve or thirteen years of age he accompanied his mother, who had married again, to Goderich, Ontario. There he continued his education and later attended Knox College in Toronto and the Toronto University, being graduated from the college with the class of 1881. In the meantime, however, he had engaged in teaching school, following the profession from 1874 until 1877, at Grand Bend, Ontario, when, with a desire to further advance his own intellectual development, he entered Knox College, Leaving Canada, he made his way to San Francisco, where he took his last year's theological work and was graduated on the completion of the course in 1884. In May of that year he was ordained to the ministry and accepted a call HISTORY OF CLEVELAND - 101 from St. John's church of that city, of which he had been assistant pastor for about two years. He remained in pastoral charge until 1887, when he resumed temporary charge of the Central Presbyterian church at Rock Island, Illinois.