(RETURN TO THE TITLE PAGE) 200 - HISTORY OF CLEVELAND which, under his capable guidance, became one of the largest and most successful concerns of the kind in the country. He was regarded as one of the best authorities on lumber in this section, having for many years been connected with the trade. He started in at the bottom and worked his way steadily upward until he occupied a commanding position among the distributers of lumber in this part of the country. His business reached very large proportions, and his success had its root in his close application, his thorough understanding of the business and his ready appreciation and intelligent utilization of opportunities. Mr. Stetson was married in Cleveland, October 20, 1872, to Miss Lucretia M. Meade, who lived about seven miles from the city of Cleveland. She was a daughter of John Meade, an early settler of Ohio, who came from Vermont when this country was largely an unbroken forest. He settled upon a farm which he hewed out in the midst of the green woods, transforming the wild land into productive fields. Mrs. Stetson has spent her entire life in Ohio. By her marriage she became the mother of one child, Ethel, whose death at the age of seventeen years, was an almost unbearable blow to the parents. Mr. Stetson was a man of domestic taste, very fond of his family, and in ministering to their comfort and welfare he found his greatest happiness. His political allegiance was given to the republican party, and he was always most loyal to its principles, for he believed they contained the best elements of good government. He labored earnestly for the success of the party, yet never sought nor desired office for himself. In his religious belief he was a Unitarian and in that faith passed away November 17, 1887. Not by leaps and bounds did he attain his success in business but by that steady and orderly progression which indicates the wise and continuous development of one's native powers and talents. He early recognized that persistency of purpose and unabating energy will eventually win success, and as the years went by he gained for himself a most creditable, honorable and enviable position in business circles, his colleagues and associates respecting him for what he accomplished and the honorable manner of its attainment. JOHN R. McQUIGG. John R. McQuigg is entitled to threefold mention because of the activity which he has displayed m legal, political and military circles, his efforts constituting forceful factors for advancement and progress in all those lines. He is now serving as mayor of East Cleveland, while in the practice of his profession he has gained recognition as one of the well equipped members of the Cuyahoga county bar. He was born near Wooster, Wayne county, Ohio, December 5, 1865. His parents were Samuel and Jane (McKinney) McQuigg. The father, a native of Ireland, was brought to America by his parents when six years of age and throughout the greater part of his life followed farming in Wayne county, continuing in active connection with agricultural interests there until his death in i001. HP had for several years survived his wife, who died in 1887. John R. McQuigg spent his youth on the home farm assisting in the labors of the fields as his age and strength permitted, while in the winter months he attended the public schools. His early education was acquired in the district schools of his native county, while later he attended the Wooster high school and Wooster University, being graduated therefrom with the class of 1888, at which time the Bachelor of Arts degree was conferred upon him. Determining upon a professional career, he entered the law department of Cornell University in the fall of 1888 and a year later matriculated in the National Law School at Washington, D. C., where he pursued the work of senior and post-graduate years in one, finishing the course in 1890 with the Bachelor of Laws degree. Admitted to the bar at Columbus before the supreme court of Ohio in June of that year, in the fol- HISTORY OF CLEVELAND - 203 lowing October he came to Cleveland and entered upon active practice with George B. Riley, who had been his classmate and was admitted to the bar at the same time. The firm of Riley & McQuigg has since continued and with one exception remains the oldest unchanged law firm in the city. They have given their attention to general practice, and the zeal with which Mr. McQuigg has devoted his energies to his profession and the careful regard evinced for the interests of his clients have brought him a large business. He is an able writer ; his brief$ always show wide research, careful thought and the best and strongest reason: which can be urged for his contention presented in cogent and logical form and illustrated by a style unusually lucid and clear. Shortly after his admission tc practice in the state courts Mr. McQuigg was admitted to practice in the United States circuit and district courts and in the United States circuit court of appeals. While well known as an active representative and honored member of the profession, Mr. McQuigg has figured prominently in other connections because of the valuable service he has rendered as a citizen and as a representative of military interests. He belongs to the Chamber of Commerce, in the work of which he has taken a most helpful part. Having great faith in the future of Cleveland, he has become interested in real estate here to a considerable extent and has erected several blocks and apartment houses, including his own home in East Cleveland. He has always been a stalwart republican, taking an active interest in local politics and is now serving his second term as mayor of East Cleveland, in which capacity he is giving to the municipality a business-like administration. Long interested in military affairs, he joined the Cleveland Grays in 1892 and at the outbreak of the Spanish-American war was commissioned captain of Company A, Tenth Ohio Infantry, and served until the close of the war. Subsequently when the corps of engineers of the Ohio National Guard was organized, Mr. McQuigg was commissioned major, which rank he still holds. During the past ten years he has devoted much time to this organization, which he has brought up to a high standard, until it is recognized as one of the most efficient in the country, as shown by government inspection reports. On the 16th of February, 1892, in Wooster, Ohio, Mr. McQuigg was married to Miss Gertrude W. Imgard, a daughter of August Imgard, of that place. They have two children : Pauline, and Donald C. Mr. McQuigg belongs to Tyrian Lodge of Masons and the Military Order of Foreign Wars, to the United Spanish War Veterans and to the First United Presbyterian church—associations which indicate much of the nature of his interests and of the principles which govern his conduct. In manner plain and modest, in disposition frank and genial, he enjoys the good will and companionship of a constantly increasing circle of friends. EDWARD W. MOORE. Edward W. Moore, the president of the Lake Shore Electric Railway and a director in numerous telephone and electric traction companies in Ohio and elsewhere, is a member of the Everett-Moore Syndicate and one of the leading financiers of the United States. The story of his rise from an office boy in a banking firm to the head of one of the largest combinationes of capital in the country is an incentive for every aspiring young man in the land. The element of chance has never figured in his success, and the prominent position which he now occupies in financial circles is but the natural result of his close application, untiring energy, strict integrity and hard, painstaking labor. He is a man of great ability, and combined with his genius for organization is a knowledge of men and methods that has made him a most valuable acquisition and a large factor in the wonderful success of the Everett-Moore Sydicate. Mr. Moore was born in Canal Dover, Ohio, on the 3d of July, 1864, and is of German descent. He obtained a common-school education, and in 1880 began 204 - HISTORY OF CLEVELAND his business career as an office boy in the old banking house of Everett, Weddell & Company of Cleveland, remaining in their employ until 1883. He next became identified with the construction company that built the New York, Chicago & St, Louis Railroad and subsequently served in the treasury department, his connection with the company covering altogether five years. He was with the East End Savings & Banking Company from 1888 until 1890 and in the following year became one of the organizers of the Dime Savings & Banking Company and was elected secretary, treasurer and active manager of that institution. In 1899 he was made vice president of the bank and in that official connection ably represented its interests until 1901. At about this time he had largely to do with the organization of the Western Reserve Trust Company, of which he became vice president. This company was later merged with what is now the Cleveland Trust Company. He was also a conspicuous factor in the organizati0n of the Garfield Savings Bank and the Permanent Savings & Loan Company, which afterward became the Central Trust Company. At one time he was probably the largest individual holder of bank stocks in Cleveland, being interested in a very large number of Cleveland banks as well as many outside banks, including some of New York's leading financial institutions. During his banking career Mr. Moore became interested in many 0f the corporations in which Henry A. Everett and his associates were factors, and his duties along this line became so numerous and important that he resigned his position in the bank in order to devote his whole attention to the affairs of the syndicate. He is still connected with many large interests covering a wide range 0f industry, but the principal holdings of the Everett-Moore Syndicate are street railway and suburban electric railway properties. He made his first investment in street railways in 1889 by the purchase of stock in the East Cleveland Railroad Company. Two years later he was one of a syndicate which purchased and re- equipped the Wheeling Traction Company, of which he became a director, retaining his financial interest therein f0r ten years. In the same year he also became interested in a syndicate which purchased the Toronto Street Railway, introduced electric power there and assisted in its refinancing. In the year 1893 Mr. Moore became a member of the syndicate which bought out the Syracuse Rapid Transit Company, and, becoming vice president of the new organization, he assisted in its development. In 1893 he also made extensive investment in the Montreal Street Railway and was active in changing its motive power from horse to electricity. About the same time he made investments in the Winnipeg Street Railway and in the Montreal Park & Island Railway Company. In 1894 he was a member of the syndicate, headed by Green Pack and Henry Everett, which built sixty-two miles of street railway in Detroit, called the Detroit Railway. After this road was operated for two years it was consolidated with the Detroit Citizens and with the Detroit, Fort Wayne & Belle Isle Railways, forming the Detroit United Railway. The Everett-Moore interests were in the minority after this consolidation, but later the Wilson interest was purchased, which placed the syndicate once more in control of the Detroit United. In the interests of the latter, the Northwestern, the Detroit & Flint, the Pontiac lines, the Detroit & Port Huron Shore line and the Sandwich-Windsor & Amherstburg lines were purchased, all of which were consolidated with the Detroit United System. The business operations of Mr. Moore in 1894 also included the purchase of the London (Ontario) railroads and the institution of electricity for motive power. The Everett-Moore people still own this property, the business of which has had marvelous development, Mr.. Moore acting as vice president for several years. In 1894 Messrs. Everett and Moore formed a syndicate and built the Akron, Bedford & Cleveland line, and later purchase was made of the street railways and illuminating plants of Akron, the Akron & Cuyahoga Falls Rapid Transit Company, a city and suburban line extending from Barberton through Akron to Cuyahoga Falls and Kent. These properties were all consolidated with HISTORY OF CLEVELAND - 205 the Akron, Bedford & Cleveland line, and the new company was known as the Northern Ohio Traction Company. Mr. Moore practically financed the entire deal, which has been one of the most successful factors of the Everett-Moore syndicate. In 1895 he was associated with Mr. Everett in the construction of the Cleveland, Painesville & Eastern road, to which was afterward added the Shore line division of this road. Mr. Moore was the most prominent factor in building and financing the Lorain & Cleveland, a trolley line extending between the two cities, and afterward purchased the Toledo, Fremont & Norwalk, an electric line extending between Toledo and Norwalk. He was also a member of the syndicate which built the Sandusky & Interurban and also purchased the Sandusky City Railway. The negotiations which resulted in the merger of the Lorain & Cleveland, the Toledo, Fremont & Norwalk, the Sandusky & Interurban and the C. D. Barney & Company properties, consisting of the Sandusky White Line and the Sandusky, Milan & Norwalk, were conducted by Mr. Moore, and the properties were consolidated under the name of the Lake Shore Electric Railway Company, Mr. Moore being the leading factor in financing this enterprise, having much to do with the sale of the securities which made possible the organization of the present Lake Shore Electric Railway Company. Messrs. Moore and Everett were also holders of Cleveland Electric stock, which had been a consolidation of various Cleveland traction lines, including the East Cleveland line. In 1898 the Toni Johnson interest in these lines was purchased by Mr. Moore, and an active campaign was started for control of this property, in which the Everett-Moore people were successful. In 1901 the Everett-Moore Syndicate purchased the traction and allied interests of Toledo, which were consolidated under the name of the Toledo Railways & Light Company, Mr. Moore being a principal spirit in financing this undertaking and continuing to the present as one of the large stockholders. He headed the syndicate which purchased the Lima Street Railway line and re- equipped it in 1895, acting as president of the company for three or four years. He also held the presidency of the Detroit & Toledo Shore Line Railway Company, owning a double track which the Everett-Moore Syndicate built between Toledo and Detroit. In the passing of the years Mr. Moore had also become interested in the promotion of other traction properties, including the Aurora, Elgin & Chicago, the Scioto Valley Traction Company, the Washington, Baltimore & Annapolis and the Cleveland, Painesville & Ashtabula. He has large holdings in the Detroit United Railway, Toledo Railways & Light, Northern Ohio Traction & Light, London Street Railway, Cleveland, Painesville & Eastern, Lake Shore Electric and the Eastern Ohio Traction Companies, in all of which he is a director, and of the Lake Shore Electric and of the Cleveland, Painesville & Eastern he is the president and of the Detroit United is vice president. The Independent Telephone lines controlled by the Everett-Moore Syndicate form the largest system in opposition to the old Bell system in the world, and the street railway and suburban lines operated and controlled by them form the first great trolley system in the country. Mr. Moore was a special partner in the banking firm of Moore, Baker & Company, of Boston, Massachusetts, and there is hardly a bank or trust company organized in Cleveland in the promotion of which his aid is not solicited. He has a quick and a strong grasp of details, readily perceives the intrinsic value of properties and is a man who quickly reaches a decision. He has unbounded faith in his associates, and they in him. Generous and kind to his employes, he well merits the honor, respect and love which they so uniformly tender him. In 1891 Mr. Moore was united in marriage to Miss Louise Chamberlin of Cleveland, a daughter of Franklyn L. Chamberlin. Their children are now five in number, namely : Margaret, Franklyn, Kathryn, Edward W., Jr., and Elisabeth. 206 - HISTORY OF CLEVELAND At the polls Mr. Moore casts his ballot in support 0f the men and measures of the republican party, but he has never sought nor desired the honors and emoluments of office, finding his time fully occupied in the control of his extensive financial interests. He belongs to the Union, Athletic, Country, Euclid Clubs and Chagrin Valley Hunt Clubs of Cleveland ; the Detroit Club of Detroit, Michigan; the Toledo Club, of Toledo, Ohio; and the Transportation, Metropolitan, New York and Lawyers Clubs, of New York city. His happiest hours, however, are spent at his own fireside in the companionship of his wife and children. They spend the winter seasons at their beautiful residence at N0. 11129 Euclid avenue and during the warm months make their home in Mentor, Ohio, where Mr. Moore owns an estate of nine hundred acres. Charitably disposed, he contributes generously to the support of the needy, and, though his gifts are always unostentatiously made, it is known that many have reason to bless him for his timely assistance. His career seems almost phenomenal, and yet there is not in his business life an esoteric phase. His path has never been strewn with the wreck of other men's fortunes, his whole course being marked by business integrity and probity, his success resulting from his unremitting industry, his keen discernment and his excellent executive ability. In his life are the elements of greatness because of the use he has made of his talents and his opportunities, because his thoughts are not self centered but are given to the mastery of life problems and to the fulfillment of his duty as a man in his relations to his fellowmen and as a citizen in his relations to his city, his state and his country, THOMAS J. HOLMDEN. Thomas J. Holmden is the treasurer of the State Banking & Trust Company, and his record indicates what may be accomplished when effort is stimulated by laudable ambition. One of Cleveland's native sons, he was born April 4, 1871, His father, Elbridge J. Holmden, was born near Oil City, Pennsylvania, and was a son of Thomas Holmden, who came from England to America. He settled in the oil district of Pennsylvania and on his farm were developed some rich oil wells. Elbridge Holmden was reared in Oil City and, having arrived at years of maturity, married Miss Ellen, daughter of Jacob Rohrer. They are now living on the Scranton road in Cleveland, where they reared a family 0f eight children : Effie, Nannie, Thomas, Nellie, Lewis, Judson, Annie and Wilbert. Of these Nannie and Wilbert are now deceased, while Lewis and Judson are engaged in the banking business. Thomas J. Holmden pursued his education in Cleveland public schools and after putting aside his text-books engaged in various duties. His ambition, however, was to become a factor in financial circles, and he labored always with this end in view, utilizing the opportunities that led him in that direction. In 1887 he entered the Union National Bank as runner and there remained for four years. He was next employed with the Cleveland Gas Company, acting as assistant cashier for tw0 years, after which he became associated with the First National Bank as general utility man. He remained there for about two years and was afterward offered the position of secretary and treasurer of the Clark Avenue Savings Bank. In that position he displayed keen discernment and business ability in handling the affairs of the institution, increasing the deposits from forty thousand dollars to four hundred thousand dollars during the two years and seven months in which he was connected therewith. In December, 1907, he was offered and accepted the position of treasurer of the State Banking & Trust Company, which position he still occupies. This was accorded him in recognition of his marked ability without any influence being exerted on his behalf. He has made steady progress in business lines, winning success which is the merited reward 0f perseverance, diligence and capability. He also acted as assignee of HISTORY OF CLEVELAND - 209 the Farmers & Merchants Bank and in the same capacity for the Bank of Cleveland. Pleasantly situated in his home life, Mr. Holmden was married June 6, 1896, to Miss Magdalena Teufel, a daughter of Christian and Margaret Teufel. She is a representative of one of the old families of Cleveland, Christian Teufel having been the trusted and confidential representative of the Armour interests in this city. He was a man of influence and wealth, his enterprise, keen discernment and executive force carrying him into important business and public relations. The marriage of Mr. and Mrs. Holmden has been blessed with one son, Thomas Elbridge, now six years of age, who is with his parents at No. 3170 West Fourteenth street. They own a motor car, and in driving his machine Mr. Holmden finds his chief source of recreation. He also, at times, indulges his love for hunting and fishing. Both he and his wife are members of the Free Will Baptist church and his political allegiance is given to the republican party. He is public-spirited in matters of general interest and has done effective work for the general good through his membership in the Chamber of Commerce and is one of the directors of the Chamber of Industry. His record indicates that the field of labor which he chose in his youth, as one in which he desired to exert his activities, was undoubtedly the one for which nature intended him, as throughout the period of his association with financial affairs he has made continuous advancement, his labors being of signal usefulness to the companies which he has represented, while at the same time his ability has enabled him to command lucrative positions. SAMUEL DOUGLAS DODGE. Samuel Douglas Dodge, a distinguished representative of the Cleveland bar, was born in this city August 25, 1855, and comes of English lineage. His grandfather, Samuel Dodge, a native of Westmoreland, New Hampshire, died in Cleveland in 1854. He came to this city in 1797, being one of the four original settlers here. He was a ship carpenter by trade, but as there was no opportunity to follow his business he turned his attention to the building of houses and in 1801 built a frame barn, thirty by forty feet, on the south side of Superior street, a lit- the back of the old building so long occupied by the Cleveland Leader and just east of the American House. It was built for Samuel Huntington and is said to have been the first frame barn erected in the city. Tradition says that Mr. Dodge was obliged to take land in payment for his work, but in course of time this land became quite valuable. He was deeded eleven ten-acre lots, embracing a strip of land extending from what was called in the deed the "middle road." It was afterward known as Central highway and is now Euclid avenue and extended to the lake on each side of East Seventeenth street, then known as Dodge street. One hundred feet of frontage of this same property on Euclid avenue is now worth four hundred thousand dollars. The frame building which Mr. Dodge erected stood near the corner of Champlain and Seneca streets, and the land was surveyed by Moses Cleveland. The city owes its establishment to Lorenzo Carter, Judge James Kingsbury, Nathaniel Doan and Samuel Dodge, who in the order named became residents here. The last named assisted very materially in the development and upbuilding of the embryo city and maintained his home on Euclid avenue near the Kaiserhof hotel. George C. Dodge, father of Samuel Douglas Dodge, was born at the family home on Euclid avenue in July, 1813, and died June 6, 1883, when almost seventy years of age. For some time he engaged in merchandising but retired from that field of activity rather early in life and devoted himself to real-estate operations. He had large interests on Euclid avenue and also on Dodge street, which was named in honor of the family but is now called East Seventeenth street. This street was cut through his father's property from Euclid to the lake. In the dis- 210 - HISTORY OF CLEVELAND posal of his real-estate holdings George C. Dodge acquired -a handsome capital and was not only well known in business circles but was also recognized as one of the prominent democratic leaders of the county. The fact of his popularity is indicated in that he was the only democrat ever elected to the office of county treasurer until 1903, his election standing also as proof of the confidence reposed in him by his fellow townsmen. He must have enjoyed to the fullest extent the good will and trust of his fellowmen to have been elected to an office which usually gave a large republican majority. He was elected in 1854, and he also served as postmaster under President Tyler. He married Lucy A. Burton, a daughter of Dr. Elijah Burton, who came to Ohio from Vermont and established his home in East Cleveland, where he engaged in the practice of medicine. His daughter was born in Manchester, Vermont, in 1817 but largely spent her girlhood days in Ohio. Samuel Douglas Dodge, son of George C. and Lucy A. (Burton) Dodge, acquired his early education in private schools of Cleveland and afterward attended Graylock Institute at South Williamstown, Massachusetts, subsequent to which time he matriculated in Williams College, from which he was graduated with the Bachelor of Arts degree in 1877. He prepared for a professional career as a pupil in the Columbia Law School of New York city and was graduated with the Bachelor of Law degree in 1879. Returning to Cleveland, he entered upon active practice in the office of Virgil P. Kline and later was with Judge E. J. Blandin. He always practiced alone, however, and though engaging in general practice has devoted much time to real-estate law. He has also dealt quite largely in real estate, making his purchases and sales, however, mostly on his own account. He has charge of the business of the Euclid Heights Realty Company, and few men are better informed concerning the real-estate market and the opportunities for advantageous purchase or sale than is Mr. Dodge. At the bar he is recognized as a strong and forceful member, his knowledge of the law is comprehensive, while his preparation of his cases is thorough and exhaustive, and his presentation before the courts clear and cogent. He acted as assistant district attorney under appointment of President Cleveland for four years, beginning in 1886. He then practiced law individually from 1890 until 1895, when tinder President Cleveland's second administration he was appointed United States district attorney and served until 1900. He then resumed private practice, in which he has since engaged, and the consensus of public opinion accords him a prominent position at the Cleveland bar, which has numbered many distinguished members. On the 25th of October, 1882, Mr. Dodge was married to Miss Jeannette Groff, a daughter of Henry R. and Mary (Sutherland) Groff, of this city. They became parents of a son and daughter. Henry Groff, born October 24, 1883, was graduated from Yale College with the Bachelor of Arts degree in 1905 and received from that institution the Master of Arts degree in 1908. He entered the Harvard Law School as a member of the class of 1909. The daughter, Janet, who was a student at Briarcliff on the Hudson, completed her course in 1909. Mr. Dodge is a member of the Alpha Delta Phi, a fraternity of Williams College. He is well known in club circles of the city, being connected with the prominent organizations of that character in Cleveland, including the Union, University, Euclid and Country Clubs. He has been cl0sely identified with many movements of value to the city, is a member of the Chamber of Commerce and for two terms served as a member of the city board of education. His political allegiance has always been given to the democratic party, which he strongly endorses, and few men outside of those who hold office have such a comprehensive knowledge and keen understanding of the political issues of the day. He has been a member of the Ohio state board of pardons since 1905 and was a member of the sinking fund commission of the city of Cleveland. In 1900 he was elected secretary of the Cleveland Humane Society and filled that posi- HISTORY OF CLEVELAND - 211 tion for seven years, since which time he has been its president. He attends the Presbyterian church and is deeply interested in the various questions—political, sociological and economical—which affect the welfare of the race and are elements in fashioning the civilization of the country. He is keenly alive to the interests and questions of the day, and his position upon such is never an equivocal one, but on the contrary his influence is always found on the side of development, improvement and progress. GRANT W. DEMING. Grant W. Deming, of The Deming Realty Company, has largely set the standard for real-estate operations, his enterprise instituting new and successful ideas, while his initiative spirit has brought forth original plans that have been effective forces in the improvement of the city in many ways. He was born in Ruthven, Essex county, Canada, November 6, 1872. His father, Hubert V. Deming, was a native of Watertown, New York, born July 3, 1830. He was a son of John Deming, a representative of an old New England family that was established by English ancestors in Wethersfield, Connecticut, in 1641. In the year 1849 Hubert V. Deming came to Cleveland and remained only a year, during which time he served as conductor on the Atlantic Railway between Cleveland and Pittsburg. In 1850 he removed to Canada, where he engaged in the mercantile and lumber business for a time, while subsequently he became connected with the government customs department, serving in an official capacity there for thirty years, or until his death, which occurred October 5, 1903. His wife bore the maiden name of Susan B. Wigle. She was a daughter of Windle and Hannah (Hearsine) Wigle. Mrs. Deming was born February 4, 1835, and passed away April 3, 1879. Grant W. Deming was therefore less than seven years of age at the time of his mother's death. He was educated in the Windsor and Sarnia public schools of Canada and was graduated from the high school in the latter place with the class of 1888. After leaving school he came to Cleveland in 1889 and learned the trade of pattern maker, which he followed for four years. He next became city salesman for the Ohio Rubber Company, so continuing for a year and a half, after which he went upon the road as traveling salesman for Scofield, Shurmer & Teagle, in the oil business, continuing in their employ for a year. He was afterward with the Patterson-Sargent Company, remaining on the road for two and a half years, when he became head specialty salesman for the Pittsburg Plate Glass Company, covering northern Ohio for three years. In 1903 he assisted in organizing the Schatzinger Consolidated Realty Company, of which he was elected president, while afterward he became its secretary and for eight months was its sales manager. He resigned to become the vice president and manager of the Deming Brothers Company, which was organized in 1904. In 1905 he organized the Deming Realty Company, opening the Grantwood allotment comprising Grantwood, Pasadena, Drexel, Tacoma and Massie avenues. The following year, 1907, they opened the Columbia allotment, comprising Columbia, Empire and Kempton avenues, The year witnessed the opening of Hyde Park allotment and Cleveland Heights, and in 1909 they opened Forest Hill allotment on Cleveland Heights, containing about one hundred and twenty-three acres of the most beautifully situated land in greater Cleveland, at Superior street and Lee road. The Deming Realty Company enjoys the distinction of being the largest real-estate advertisers in America. Another feature of their business is that they handle and develop only their own holdings. Cleveland owes much to their efforts, for they have opened some of the finest residence districts in this city, having contributed substantially to its growth, improyement and adornment. 212 - HISTORY OF CLEVELAND On the l0th of May, 1896, Mr. Deming was married to Ristori Davis, a daughter of Ellis and Addie Davis, of Cleveland. She died September 5, 1898, leaving a son, Douglas Davis. On the 10th of July, 1900, Mr. Deming was again married, the second union being with Miss Susan R. Brown, the daughter of W. H. and Jennie (Rennick) Brown, of Ashtabula, one of the leading families of that city. Mr. and Mrs. Deming now have two sons, Barton Russell and Clifford Lewis. They hold membership in the Epworth Memorial church, of which he is a charter member. He has served on its board of officials, contributing generously to its support, and both he and his wife take an active part in the church work, Mrs. Deming being particularly helpful in the missionary work, Politically a republican, Mr. Deming gives earnest support to the party at the polls and uses his influence for its upbuilding but doesn't seek the honors and emoluments of office. He stands, however, for reform and progress in municipal affairs and does everything in his power to promote the best interests of Cleveland along the lines of its material, intellectual, social, moral and political progress. He is a member of the Chamber of Commerce and of the Cleveland Athletic Club and also of the Cleveland Commercial Travelers. Motoring, tennis, baseball and hunting afford him pleasurable moments in the midst of an active business career. He has long since left the ranks of the many and stands among the successful few, a fact evidenced in his attractive home at No. 10600 Pasadena avenue and in his country place at Lee and Cedar streets, where he has an land along the lines of its material, intellectual, social, moral and political proglems which come to him and in carrying forth to success the plans which he formulates. His close application has been one of the salient features in his career, and, moreover, in all his business life he has learned the lessons which each new experience contained and has used these for practical ends. Knowledge is of little avail unless it is assimilated, and Mr. Deming has learned to glean what is most worth while from the various interests with which he became associated. Difficult business problems stimulate him to put forth his best effort, and he never falters in the accomplishment of an honorable purpose until the end is achieved. His family is one identified with the finest interests of the city, and Mr. Deming by the consensus of public opinion is accorded a place with the men of highest rank in his adopted city. THOMAS V. CULLEN. Thomas V. Cullen, who was born in that part of Brooklyn township that is now included within the corporation limits of Cleveland, his natal day being March 25, 1864, died on the 9th of March, 1908, at the comparatively early age of forty-four years. His parents were Peter and Mary (Martin)l Cullen, who were natives of County Wexford, Ireland, and crossed the Atlantic to Canada in 5859. Three years later they arrived in Cleveland, where the father established a small brickyard at the foot of East Clark street and continued in the manufacture of bricks until his death. Reared in his native city, Thomas V. Cullen attended St. Bridget's Catholic school until fourteen years of age and afterward spent two years in the Franciscan German College on Chapel street. He then had the benefit of a business course in the Spencerian College and, entering his father's employ, learned the brick-manufacturing business. After the death of his father he and his brother continued the business, and he was a very active, energetic man, attending to all the important interests of the concern. He superintended the erection of the new plant, which was just completed at the time of his death. He had become thoroughly familiar with the best processes of brick manufacture and through his capable management and keen discernment developed an enterprise of considerable importance. After having gained success and fortune by hard labor and HISTORY OF CLEVELAND - 215 unremitting attention to business he died at a comparatively early age, never having the opportunity to enjoy the fruits of his former toil. On the 19th of July, 1892, Mr. Cullen was united in marriage to Miss Mary S. Burns, a daughter of John and Mary (Rowley) Burns, who came to Cleveland from Ireland in 1863. Here the father was appointed a member of the city police force on the 8th of May, 1869, and after serving as patrolman for a number of years was made acting sergeant on the 26th of October, 1883, and on the 4th of December, 1885, was appointed to the rank of sergeant. On the 19th of February, 1889, he was appointed lieutenant and so continued for thirty-five years, when he retired. Mrs. Cullen was born in Cleveland September 16, 1868, and is well known in the city, where she has an extensive circle of warm friends. By her marriage she became the mother of four children, Mary G., Thomas F., John P., and James E., all of whom are students. Mr. Cullen was a democrat in his political views and kept well informed concerning the vital political questions, but never sought nor had desire for public office. He held membership in St. Bridget's Catholic church and was a man of domestic tastes, devoted to his family, to whom he ever manifested a kindly and generous spirit. His associates found him at all times reliable in business and enterprising in citizenship, and as the years passed on he gained a firm hold on the affection of his friends. HENRY ROHS. Another example of the man of foreign birth who seeks in the opportunities of the new world the chances of business success and advancement is found in the life history of Henry Rohs, who was born in Hesse-Darmstadt, Germany, January 8, 1841. His life record spanned the years to the 25th of April, 1908, when he was called to his final rest. Within that time he had demonstrated the wisdom of his judgment in seeking a home on this side of the Atlantic, for as the years passed by he made substantial progress in a business here. Mr. Rohs was a son of Andrew and Elizabeth Rohs, the former a blacksmith of Hesse-Darmstadt. The parents both died when their son Henry was but seven years of age, and thus left an orphan he was early thrown upon his own resources and was truly a self-educated and self-made man. He attended the village schools of Elben Rod until fourteen years of age, after which he began learning the blacksmith's trade under the direction of his elder brother. They, had taken over their father's business after his death, and Henry Rohs was thus identified with industrial interests in his native country until 1860, when at the age of nineteen years he came to America. Making his way to Cleveland, he worked at his trade for William Tottel on Euclid avenue and afterward purchased the business from his employer, in whose services he had continued f0r several years. The purchase was made when he was twenty-two years of age, after which he conducted his enterprise on Euclid avenue until the lease expired. He then purchased property on Fairmont road and removed his business to that locality, there continuing until 1906, when he retired from active business, being succeeded, however, by his sons. He was a self-made man, kind hearted, loving and generous to his family and well known among the German people of the city. On the 3d of July, 1863, Mr. Rohs was united in marriage to Miss Mary Stoll, a daughter of John and Margaret (Buechler) Stoll, who came from Switzerland to Cleveland in 1854. The children of that marriage are: Edwin H., Mrs. 0. P. Everhard, Charles T., John A., Mrs. L. H. Weber and Albert W. From the time that he became a naturalized American citizen Mr. Rohs gave his political allegiance to the republican party and always kept well informed on the questions and issues of the day. He was also a member of the First Ger- 216 - HISTORY OF CLEVELAND man Methodist Episcopal church for forty-seven years, and his life was an upright and honorable one, winning for him the kindly regard of all who knew him. His resolute purpose in business enabled him to overcome the difficulties and obstacles which barred his path, and as the years went by he achieved success that was creditable and gratifying. More than that he won an honored name, which is rather to be chosen than great riches, for he was never known to take advantage of the necessities of others in business transactions but was always straightforward and reliable. His widow still survives him and is now a member of the Old Settlers' Ass0ciation. LEWIS W. BAILEY. The substantial improvement of Cleveland was greatly augmented through the efforts of Lewis W. Bailey, who for many years conducted a general contracting business in this city and in many of the residences here are still seen evidences of his handiwork. He was born in Rock Creek, Ohio, November 11, 1828, and was a representative of one of the early families of the state. His father, Gurden F. Bailey, became one of the pioneer settlers of Ashtabula county, Ohio, where he was extensively engaged in farming. It was in that locality that Lewis W. Bailey was reared and educated, and in early manhood he learned and followed the carpenter's trade, with which he was connected for a long period. He arrived in Cleveland in 1881 and f0r years was actively associated with contracting and building interests in this city. He engaged on the construction of all kinds of buildings and did a general contracting business, which included the erection of many residences that are still standing and indicate the thoroughness of his handiwork and the attractiveness of his ideas in relation to business affairs. Mr. Bailey was married in 1857 to Miss Sarah D. Bond, and they became the parents of two daughters, Mrs. Ida B. Fisher and Mayme. Mr. Bailey was never a club man but loved his home and family, being most devoted to their interests and welfare. He rejoiced in his success, not because of the pleasure he got in having an income but because of what it enabled him to do for the members of his own household. As the years passed he won a comfortable competence and about three years prior to his demise retired from active life, spending his remaining days in the enjoyment of well earned rest. He died December 4, 1904. having reached the age of seventy-six years. He never regretted his determination to make his home in Cleveland but found it a most pleasant place of residence, won success here and was ever keenly interested in the welfare and progress of the city. ARTHUR HARRISON HAWGOOD. Those things which count as resultant forces in the business world are not qualities difficult of attainment but such as any may cultivate. The great majority, however, are found lacking either in the desire for or the determination to win success when they realize that it must be done at the cost of earnest, self-denying effort. The world, however, instinctively pays both hon0r and deference to him who thus achieves his advancement, for it displays in him a weight of character and a strength of purp0se that are most commendable. One is led to this line of reflection in a review of the record of Arthur Harrison Hawgood who at the age of fifteen became a sailor on the lakes and is now the president of The Neptune Steam Ship Company. His birth occurred in Lake county, Wisconsin, July 12, 1865, his parents being Thomas and Mary Ann (Nash) HISTORY OF CLEVELAND - 217 Hawgood. He was educated in the district schools and in the business college at Bay City, Michigan. He spent the first fifteen years of his life on his father's farm, working in field and meadow and thus becoming familiar with all of the duties and labors that fall to the lot of the agriculturist. He left home, however, at the age of fifteen years and became a sailor on the lakes, for the life was fascinating to him, and he has been continuously connected with it to the present time. Through successive promotions he gradually worked his way upward until he became captain of the steamer Belle P. Cross. He commanded that vessel for two years and for three years was captain on other steamships, after which he came ashore and was chosen secretary and treasurer of the Hawgood & Avery Transit Company, having a fleet of steam vessels on the lakes engaged in the transportation business and carrying trade. One of the finest steamships the lake is the Arthur H. Hawgood, named in his honor. His opinions are largely accepted as authority on matters of marine transportation, for the practical experiences of his youth and early manhood as well as his later connection with the management of shipping interests have given him comprehensive knowledge concerning everything that pertains to navigation. Mr. Hawgood was married in 1892 to Miss Belle L. Dibley, a daughter of Ebenezer Dibley, a pioneer of Milwaukee county, Wisconsin. Mr. and Mrs. Hawgood have one son. Harvey Roland, and a daughter, Aldyth O. Mr. Hawgood is interested in many matters of municipal importance, is serving as a trustee of the Homeopathic Hospital and belongs to the Ship Masters Association. His political allegiance is usually given to the republican party, but he does not consider himself bound by any political tie, and when his judgment sanctions an independent course he follows it. From a humble position in the business world he has made steady and logical progress until in a position of administrative direction and executive control he is taking a large part in the management of the shipping interests which center in Cleveland. NATHAN EDWARD FRIEDMAN, M. D. Dr. Nathan Edward Friedman, a representative of the medical fraternity of Cleveland, is of foreign birth, for Austria is his native land, and there he first opened his eyes to the light of day on the 1st of November, 1877. His father, Joseph Friedman, came to America in 1881 and a year later brought his family to the western world. For a long period he was engaged in the manufacture of cigars in this city but is now living retired at the age of sixty-three. Dr. Friedman was in his fourth year when the family crossed the Atlantic, and at the usual age he entered the public schools wherein he pursued the regular course until his graduation from the Central high hchool with the class of 1896. From the age of seven he had earned his own living, and his labor had made it possible for him to continue in school. He thus early displayed the elementary strength of his character and the laudable ambition which has ever been one of his salient and commendable characteristics. A desire for a college course led to his adoption of plans that would enable him to do manual labor while pursuing his studies in college and thus provide for the usual expenses of the course. He was matriculated in the Cleveland College of Physicians and Surgeons in 1896 and was graduated therefrom in 1900 with the M. D. degree. The previous year, through competitive examination with the senior class, while he was yet a junior, he won the appointment of house physician at the Cleveland General Hospital and thus served from October 1, 1899, until October 1, 1900. This gave him broad and varied practical experience, proving an excellent training-school for his later duties as a general follower of the profession, when in the latter year he entered upon the private practice, in which he has since continued. He has for several years been associated with Dr. A. J. Cook, 218 - HISTORY OF CLEVELAND one of the oldest physicians of the city. Dr. Friedman was medical examiner for the Prudential Life Insurance Company from 1901 until 1904 and is the present examiner for the Independent Order of Foresters, the Knights of Pythias and the Street Railway Beneficial Association. He was also assistant accident surgeon to the Grasselli Chemical Company for some years and also assistant surgeon for the old Cleveland Electric Railway C0mpany. He belongs to the Cleveland State Medical Society. On the 28th of May, 1901, Dr. Friedman was married to Miss Stella Blau, a daughter of Nathan Blau, of this city, and they reside at N0. 5423 Mumford avenue. Dr. Friedman belongs to Ansher Chesed congregation, to the Masonic fraternity, the Knights of Pythias and the Independent Order of Foresters. In the last two he has held offices for several years. He is also c0nnected with the Cleveland Independent Aid Society and in the practice of his profession gives various evidence of his charitable and generous nature, often rendering active assistance when he kn0ws that no financial remuneration will be received. He is modest and unaggressive in spirit but possesses a pleasing personality and genial nature, which have won him the friendly regard 0f many with whom he has been brought in contact. CHARLES WILLIAM HOPKINSON. That Cleveland has a number of most able architects is indicated in the fine structures which have added to the impr0vement and adornment of the city, Important work of this character has been done by Charles William Hopkinson, who since 1890 has maintained an office in this city for the practice 0f his profession, in the ranks of which he has constantly forged forward until his position is now an enviable one. His life record stands in contradistinction to the old adage that a prophet is never without honor save in his own country, for in the city of his nativity Mr. Hopkinson has won successes and h0nors. He was born in Cleveland, April 13, 1865, a son of Alanson G. and Harriet (Farand) Hopkinson. His father is now deceased. His mother, a native of Rockport, Ohio, is descended from an old Vermont family and is still living. She comes 0f Revolutionary stock and her grandfather, Jared Farand, was one 0f the pioneers of Cuyahoga county, where he lived to the very remarkable 0ld age of one hundred and five years. In the public schools Mr. Hopkinson pursued his studies until he became a high-school student. He prepared for the Case School of Applied Science at Cleveland but, changing his plans concerning an education, he entered Cornell University at Ithaca, New York, and was graduated from that institution in 1887 with the Bachelor of Science degree m architecture. He was 0ne of the speakers at the commencement exercises, delivering an address 0n "The Future of American Architecture." After his college days were over Mr. Hopkinson spent three years in New York city with prominent architects, during which time he went abroad, traveling in western Europe, where he gathered many photographs. In 1890 he opened an 0ffice in Cleveland and in the intervening years has gradually forged to the front as an architect, doing important work in this connection. He did extensive overhauling of the Garfield monument, built the Colonial and Clifton club houses, the Haddam apartments and had charge 0f the extensive additions to Lakeside Hospital. He has also done a great deal 0f extensive private work on business and church property and he built the Rockefeller Mining Building at the Case School of Applied Science. He was als0 the architect and builder of the Hough Avenue Congregational church but has never sought public work. That he is honored by his fellow members of the profession is indicated in the fact that he was twice elected to the presidency 0f the Cleveland Chapter of American Insti- HISTORY OF CLEVELAND - 221 tute of Architects. He is also a fellow of the American Institute of Architects and was formerly president of the Civil Engineers Club of Cleveland. He is prominent in the Cornell Alumni Association 0f this district and was a member of its board of directors for several years. In 1889 Mr. Hopkinson was married to Miss Franc Warren, of Deansville, New York, and unto them has been born a daughter, Ruth Warren. Mr. Hopkinson has appreciation for the social amenities of life and is a member of the Union Club and the Clifton Club. He is also a member of the Masonic f raternity, in which he has attained the Knight Templar degree. He takes great pleasure in golf and belongs to the Dover Bay Golf Club. He is also a member of the Congregational church and is eligible to membership with the Sons of the American Revolution. He is very fond of the study of architecture and has frequently been chosen to speak on that theme. He has the keenest appreciation of what can be accomplished in the line of beauty and adornment in the way of architecture at the present age and as well of what has been done in the past, as represented in some of the finest buildings of the old world. He holds to high ideals in his profession and his work has ever been of a most acceptable character. ANDREW F. KELLEY. Andrew F. Kelley is a shoe merchant who by the originality of his methods of advertising and the spirit of enterprise which he manifests in the management and control of his store has drawn to himself the attention of the public and has established his name as a synonym for progressive commercialism in the Forest city. His parents were Andrew W. and Mary E. (Cassidy) Kelley, the latter a daughter of a pioneer family of Cleveland. Andrew F. Kelley was here born November 7, 1876, and supplemented his public-school instruction by study in the Jesuit College of St. Ignatius. When sixteen years of age he went to New York, attracted by those things which seem most alluring to the young man in America's greatest business center, but he only remained six months, becoming convinced that Cleveland's business opportunities were sufficient for his needs. On his return he entered the employ of his father, who was a contractor and carpenter and under his direction the son learned the carpenter's trade. His ambition was not quenched by his early attempts but was rather stimulated for the accomplishment of what he undertook, and gradually he made substantial progress. On leaving his father's employ he entered the service of the Curtiss- Ambler Realty Company as draftsman and superintendent 0f construction, and the worth of his work is indicated in the fact that he remained with the company for nine years. He had complete charge of the erection of one hundred and sixty-six houses in one section of Cleveland for the company, but at length he withdrew from the building field and went into vaudeville work as a monologist in the Keith circuit. He continued successfully on the stage for a time but at length returned to Cleveland and established a shoe business on his own account under the name of Kelley's Bootery at No. 2020 East Ninth street. The originality of the name indicates something of the methods that he has employed in building up his business. He has made for himself a record in Cleveland by his unique and interesting advertisements in the daily papers, which keep the public constantly on the qui vive to see what he will next produce. This is but one means of drawing trade, however, for he places his real dependence upon the fine line of goods which he carries, the tasteful and attractive arrangement of his store and the uniform courtesy and attention which he demands that all of his employes shall give to the patrons. He has thus secured a high class of trade, and his business is constantly growing. He also owns an interest in the M0unt Sinai Cigar Company. 222 - HISTORY OF CLEVELAND Mr. Kelley was married in Cleveland to Miss Leah Hartill, of this city, in 1897, and unto them have been born a son and daughter, Andrew and Leah, aged respectively ten and seven years. Mr. Kelley is independent in politics. In 1902, however, he sought the nomination for the city council on the democratic ticket but was defeated by twenty-six votes. He is interested in municipal affairs, as every public-spirited citizen should be, and has been an active end0rser of many movements f0r the general good. His religious connection is with St. Agnes church. CHARLES HIGLEY. Charles Higley, practicing at the Cleveland bar as a member of the firm of Higley, Maurer & Dautel, was born in South Bend, Indiana, October 11, 1866. His paternal grandfather, John Higley, was a native of Connecticut and a farmer by occupation. At an early period in the development of Ohio he made his way westward to this state and cast in his lot with the pioneer residents of Windsor. A strong opponent of the system of slavery, he served as one of the conductors on the underground railroad in ante bellum days. He also took an active part in affairs 0f public prominence and importance and served as a member of the general assembly for several years. There were only four or five families in the Western Reserve at the time 0f his arrival. There are now many representatives of the name of Higley in Windsor. As the years passed on his influence extended as his activities increased, making him one of the leading citizens of the community. His son, Aaron Higley, who was born m Windsor in 1826, became a manufacturer of the Higley Street Car Journal and of the street-car bearings. In 1867 he came to Cleveland and not only was closely associated with manufacturing interests here but was also a heavy reallestate owner and made extensive and profitable investments in city property. He died May 10, 1886. He had married Charlotte Finney, who was born in Groton, New York, in 1836, and is now living in Cleveland. Her father, Ezra Finney, was a farmer by occupation and one of the early settlers of Trumbull county, Ohio, establishing his home in Bristolville. Charles Higley pursued his early education in the public schools of Cleveland, passing through consecutive grades to his graduation from the Central high school with the class of 1884. He afterward devoted 0ne year to study in the Case School of Applied Science and attending the University of. Michigan, was graduated from the law department in 1890, with the LL. B. degree. He then commenced the practice of law in Cleveland and for a year was in the office 0f R. P. Ranney. Later he became associated with E. P. Hatfield, under the firm style of Hatfield & Higley, which relation was maintained for a year, after which Mr. Higley again practiced alone, until the firm of Zangerle, Higley & Maurer was f0rmed. This relation was maintained for some time, when the firm of Higley, Maurer & Dautel was formed and still exists. Mr. Higley also engages in general practice, and his extensive clientage has made him one of the well known members of the Cleveland bar, while his understanding of legal principles, his careful preparation of his cases and the accuracy with which he applies the points of the law to the points in litigation have been the salient features in his professional career. In his political views Mr. Higley is a democrat although not active in the ranks of the party. In 1895 he was the second assistant director of law in Cleveland, filling the position for a year. He is now a citizen member of the Cuyahoga Building Committee, having in charge the erection of the court house. He was appointed to this office by the common pleas justice, the committee being composed of four citizen members and three county commissioners. In matters relative to the welfare 0f the city he is deeply interested, and his cooperation has often proved a tangible and helpful factor for the public good. HISTORY OF CLEVELAND - 223 On the l0th of January, 1894, Mr. Higley was united in marriage to Miss Harriet Edith Smith, a daughter of Alexander and Mary (Gould) Smith, of Cleveland. Mr. Higley possesses a genial, social nature, which finds expression his membership in the Euclid, Cleveland Athletic and Westwood Golf Clubs. He was only a year old when brought to this city, where his entire life has since passed, and among his stanchest friends are many who have known him from his boyhood to the present time—a fact indicative of the many stalwart qualities which are numbered among his characteristics. GEORGE C. STEELE. Statisticians say that less than three per cent of the men who enter business life along dependent lines are successful. It is not a matter of marvel, therefore, that the world instinctively pays deference to him who achieves prosperity and wins his advancement through honorable measures. The record of George C. Steele, secretary and treasurer of the North Electric Company, places him in the three per cent class, for he has gained a creditable position in the department of activity which he has chosen as a life work. Indeed, he is prominent in the management of one of the important industrial enterprises of Cleveland, its constantly growing business returning a substantial annual income. Mr. Steele was born in Lake county, Ohio, February 3, 1854, and his parents, Horace and Lydia (Blish) Steele, were also natives of that county. The father figured prominently in business circles as a banker of Painesville for forty years and left the impress of his individuality upon the progress and upbuilding of the community, The public schools afforded George C. Steele his educational privileges, and in 1879 he went to Leadville, Colorado, where he was connected with mining interests for ten years. He met with only fair success in the undertaking, however, and in 188q returned to his native heath and engaged in business there until 1898. In that year he located in Cleveland and in partnership with Charles North organized the North Electric Company for the purpose of manufacturing telephone exchange apparatus. Their patronage now extends throughout the country, with branch houses at Dallas, Texas, and Kansas City, Missouri. In various parts of the west they have constructed telephone systems and have rapidly built up an enviable reputation in their special field. In 1903 Mr. Steele was married to Miss Lucile MacHenry, a daughter 0f George MacHenry, a Philadelphia physician. They have two sons, George C. and William G. In his political views Mr. Steele is a republican, for he believes that the best interests of good government will be conserved through the adoption of the principles of that party. His active duties as secretary and treasurer of the North Electric Company constitute but one phase of his life, for he is not unmindful of the obligations of citizenship nor unappreciative of the social amenities which go to make up the sum of human happiness. ROBERT S. AVERY. There were many creditable chapters in the life record of Robert S. Avery. and these have caused his memory to be cherished by many who knew him. He was born in Goshen, Connecticut. December 14, 1841, and was a representative of a prominent family of that state. His parents were Abel and Eunice L (Barnes) Avery, the former a well known gardener of Goshen, where he resided until the early '40s, when he came with his family to Cleveland. At the usual age, Robert S. Avery entered the public schools, acquiring a go0d, practical education that qualified him for duties in later life. In 1862, when 224 - HISTORY OF CLEVELAND twenty years of age, he responded to the country's call, enlisting at Cleveland as a member of Battery B, Light Artillery, under Captain Standard. He served for three years and was then honorably discharged, having made a creditable military record by his unfaltering allegiance to the old flag and the promptness and willingness with which he performed every military duty assigned him. He participated in the battles of Chickamauga, Stone river and other engagements. After his return from the war Mr. Avery took up the study of law in the office and under the direction of a Mr. Slade, continuing his reading for three years. He was then admitted to the bar, entered upon active practice in Cleveland and so continued until his death. He was accorded a good clientage for he s0on demonstrated his ability successfully to handle intricate legal problems. He was very careful and thorough in the preparation of his cases, his reasoning was sound, and his deductions followed in logical sequence. On the 8th of November, 1860, Mr. Avery was united in marriage to Miss Jane L. Blackwell, a daughter of Benjamin T. and Thankful J. (Young) Blackwell. The father came to Cleveland from New York in 1831, while the mother made the overland trip with her parents and seven brothers and sisters from Tolland, Connecticut, in 1817. Forty-one days passed ere they reached their destination, but at length they arrived in Cuyahoga county, and Ansel Young, the grandfather of Mrs. Avery, here turned his attention to farming. He was one of the honored pioneers of Cleveland, and for many years he compiled and published almanacs here. Mrs. Avery was born in this city, where she has spent her entire life, and is now a member of the Old Settlers' Association. In his political views Mr. Avery was a republican, interested m the success and growth of the party, and he served for one term as a member of the city council 0f the old second ward. He was a member of the Methodist Episcopal church, and his many substantial qualities found their root in his Christian faith and belief. His life labors were terminated in death, June 30, 1906, and his demise was deeply regretted by his many friends, for he had become widely and favorably known during his residence in Cleveland. He was not yet sixty-five years of age when called to his final home. In all matters of citizenship he was loyal, was true to the teachings of his church and m his home life, which was beautiful and satisfying, he found his chief enjoyment. WILLIAM PERRY HORTON, D. D. S. It is seldom that one reaches the age of eighty-five years and is still actively connected with the line of activity that he has made his life work. Yet Dr. William Perry Horton still remains a practitioner of dentistry in Cleveland, where he has lived since July, 1852. He was not long in gaining a place in the foremost rank of the dental fraternity here, and his work in the intervening years has been of a most progressive nature, for at all times he has held to the highest standards of the profession. A native of Vermont, Dr. Horton was born in Pittsford, Rutland county, October 28, 1823, a son 0f Dennis and Nancy B. (McClellan) Horton, who were likewise natives of the Green Mountain state. The mother, who came of Scotch lmeage, died in 1854. The father, who was born in Danby, Vermont, in 1803, passed away in 1903, having become a centenarian. Through many years he followed merchandising but in later life turned his attention to agricultural pursuits. In 1864 he removed t0 Pittsfield, Lorain county, Ohio, where he remained until a few days prior to his death, when he came to Cleveland. Dr. Horton pursued his education in private schools in Wallingford, Vermont, and prepared for college at Castleton Seminary. There he also attended medical lectures, after which he engaged in teaching in the district schools for seven years, taking up that profession at the age 0f twenty. He came to Cleve- HISTORY OF CLEVELAND - 227 land at the end of his twenty-first year, in October, 1844, and in February, 1845, entered Oberlin College, where he spent a little more than a year in the pursuit of a literary course, studying Latin, Greek and English literature. In preparation for a life work, however, he turned his attention to the study of dentistry under the direction of Dr. George B. Minor and Dr. Ferris, at Milwaukee, where he continued from June, 1846, until 1848, spending the winter months during that period in teaching school. He then returned to Oberlin, Ohio, where he acted as manager of a department store until 1851, after which he again spent six months with the dental firm in Milwaukee with whom he had previously studied. At the end of that time he was given a certificate of qualification for practice and returned to Oberlin, where he opened an office, continuing in the practice of dentistry at that point until July, 1852, when he sought the broader field of labor offered by the city and came to Cleveland. Here he formed a partnership for practice with the late Dr. Benjamin Strickland, who was also of New England nativity, having come to the middle west from Vermont. The relations between them were maintained until April, 1857, when Dr. Horton entered upon independent professional labors in Chapins Hall, where the Wilson building is now located, remaining there for twenty-one years. During this period he established a very extensive practice and later had offices for sixteen years in the Colonial Arcade. For the past tw0 years he has been located at No. 228 Osborn building. For fifty-seven years he has engaged in dental practice in Cleveland, being the dean of the profession in this city, establishing here a wide acquaintance and a most enviable reputation because of the skill and ability which he has manifested in his profession. There is today no other dental practitioner in Cleveland who was connected with the profession at the time of his arrival here. As the years have been added to the cycle of the centuries he has kept in close touch with the progress that has entirely revolutionized methods of dental practice. He has always been quick to adopt any new method or system which he believed would prove of particular benefit in his chosen life work, and his 0ffice has at all times been equipped with the latest improved dental appliances. Until recent years he has been a most active and valued member 0f the different dental societies, was the third president of the Ohio State Dental Society and also served as president of the Society of the Ohio College 0f Dental Surgery and of the Northern Ohio Dental Society. He was the secretary and treasurer 0f the state board of dental examiners and secretary of section 7 of the American Dental Association, his membership in the last named continuing for thirty years. In 1865 he took the examination in the Ohio College of Dental Surgery and was graduated with the degree of Doctor of Dental Science. Experience, however, has given him a practical training just as thorough and much broader than that received in college, and throughout the years of his connection with the profession he has remained a student of its best literature. From time to time he has written articles for the dental magazines and has presented various original and worthy ideas. On the 28th of October, 1851, at Elyria, Ohio, Dr. Horton was married to Miss Louisa Chase, of Maine, who died August 5, 1895, leaving two sons, William P., a practicing dentist of Cleveland, and Milton Chase, paymaster of the Big Four Railroad. On the 21st of October, 1897, Dr. Horton wedded Miss Margaret Stroup of Pennsylvania. Dr. Horton is a lover of hunting and has belonged to the Toussaint Shooting Club for the past twenty years and in its sport still indulges, being yet a good shot. Public spirited, his relation to general progress has been that of a citizen whose influence favors general improvement, while his labor and support have not been withheld from progressive public movements. He was a member 0f the city council from the sixth ward from 1869 until 1877 or for a period of eight years and acted as vice president of that body in 1874-7'. While thus serving he passed judgment upon many measures introduced in the council, and his support thereof was always prompted by an earnest desire t0 further municipal in- 228 - HISTORY OF CLEVELAND terests. He is now vice president of the New England Society, representing Vermont. He has for many years been a member of the Sociological Society and for a quarter of a century was a member of the Chamber of Commerce but resigned in 1908. He helped to organize the republican party, having previously been a whig, and in political circles he was quite active in his earlier years. He was also instrumental in organizing the forces for service in the Civil war. He is a member of Windermere Presbyterian church, to which his wife also belongs, and in former days he was a trustee of Plymouth Congregational church for many years and acted as its treasurer for a number of years. He now owns and 0ccupies an attractive home at No. 17 Windermere street in East Cleveland. His professional service has covered fifty-seven years-years fraught with successful accomplishment and characterized by the utmost devotion to high ideals. His social qualities, too, have made him widely known and popular, and now in the evening of life he enjoys the honor and respect of young and old, rich and poor, his record remaining as an inspiration to the aged and as an example to the youthful. He is a splendid representative of that type of man to whom years do not indicate helplessness but who has continuously developed mentally' and spiritually and gives out of his rich store of wisdom and experience for the benefit of others. ALFRED S. MASCHKE, M. D. On the list of physicians and surgeons of Cleveland appear the names of many capable men whose ability has found recognition in a large practice. Among this number is Dr. Alfred S, Maschke, whose birth occurred on the 16th of October, 1874, in his parents' home at the corner of Seneca and Lake streets in Cleveland, He is a son of Joseph and Rose (Salinger) Maschke, both of whom are natives of Prussia. They came to America about 1865, locating in Cleveland, where the father engaged in the grocery business. For a long period he was closely identified with commercial interests here but is now living retired at the age of seventy-five years, while his wife is now sixty-nine years of age. Dr. Maschke is the youngest of their five children. He is indebted to the public-school system for his preliminary educational advantages, and, passing through consecutive grades, he was eventually graduated from the Central high school with the class of 1892. He also spent two years at the Case School of Applied Science and afterward entered the medical department of the Ohio Wesleyan University, from which he was graduated with the M. D. degree in 1896, He received an honor appointment in being made house physician at the Cleveland General Hospital, where he spent six months, while later he spent sixteen months in the Cleveland City Hospital. For some months after leaving the latter institution he worked in the experimental laboratory of Dr. George W. Crile. His experience was thus of a broad and varied character, proving an excellent preparation for his work as a private practitioner in later years. Going to Vienna, he spent eight months as externe in the clinic of Pr0fessor Nothnagel. His work abroad was of a most valuable nature, bringing him into close contact with a number of distinguished physicians and surgeons, whose methods of practice and views concerning professional problems became familiar to him. On his return to Cleveland Dr. Maschke opened an office and began practice, in which work he continued until 1905, when he went to Europe and spent a year in study in Vienna, Berlin, Dresden, Munich and London. During that period he was for eight months a volunteer arzt in the Karolinen-Kinderspital in Vienna, and since his return he has given special attention to the diseases of children. He proved himself a capable educator in his lectures on physiology in the College of Physicians and Surgeons from 1900 until 1903 and at the same time was assistant in medicine there. He has been recently appointed chief vis- HISTORY OF CLEVELAND - 229 iting physician of Mount Sinai Hospital, has been visiting physician to the Children's Tubercular Tent and Colony since its opening and was recently appointed physician in charge to the Jewish Infant Orphans' Home. He is associate medical examiner for the Equitable Life Insurance Company and physician and inspector to the Wooltex Factory. He is likewise examiner for the Jewish Tuberculosis Hospital at Denver, Colorado, and adds to his knowledge through the interchange of thought and experience in the Cleveland Academy of Medicine the Ohio State Medical Society, the American Medical Association and the Cleveland Medical Library Association. Dr. Maschke is unmarried and resides at the family home at No. 7014 Cedar avenue. He belongs to the Willson Avenue Temple and is a member of the Excelsior and Oakwood Clubs. MICHAEL J. GALLAGHER. On the roster of Cleveland's successful business men—the men who by the control of important commercial or industrial interests have been the real builders of the city and promoters of her greatness is numbered Michael J. Gallagher, the secretary and treasurer of the Card & Prosser Coal Company. He was born in this city November 25, 1858, of the marriage of Patrick and Catherine (Gallagher) Gallagher, who though of the same name were not related. The mother was a daughter of Michael Gallagher, who lived to be more than one hundred years of age. Her husband, Patrick Gallagher, was born in County Mayo, Ireland, and in 1847 arrived in Cleveland, where for many years he engaged in the grocery business. His death occurred in August, 1875, at the age of eighty-two years, while his wife passed away in April, 1882, at the age of seventy-five years. They were both devoted members of the Catholic church and were well known and respected in Cleveland among those citizens who claim the green isle of Erin as the land of their nativity. Michael J. Gallagher acquired his education in the Cathedral parochial school and academy school. When his school days were over he entered the employ of the company which he is now representing in an official capacity. Beginning as tally boy he advanced through various promotions until he was made salesman, while later he became manager and in 1897 was elected secretary and treasurer of the corporation, which position he has filled with marked capability. His advancement has followed as the natural sequence of his understanding of the duties entrusted to him, his close application and his thoroughness. He has neglected no detail bearing upon the business, has thoroughly familiarized himself with the coal trade, and his superior executive ability has won for him an enviable place in Cleveland's business circles. Pleasantly situated in his home life Mr. Gallagher was married November 3, 1886, to Miss Agnes McMahon, a daughter of Mortimer and Ellen (Mannix) McMahon, of Cleveland. Five children have been bo rn unto them: Harry F., who is educated in St. Patrick's School and the Central Institute and is now associated with the Card & Prosser Coal Company; Catherine A., a graduate of the West high school; James M. ; Helen M.; and Stewart. The family reside at No. 4307 Clinton avenue. Mr. Gallagher is fond of outdoor sports, especially baseball and in this finds recreation from his onerous business cares. His political allegiance is given to the republican party, where the questions involved are of state or national importance. He does not consider that party questions have much to do with the local offices, however, and votes for the candidates whom he thinks best qualified to serve. He and his 'family are communicants of St. Patrick's Catholic church, and he is a liberal patron of charities. He stands among those men who have learned correctly to value life's contacts and experiences and to judge of the worth of all opportunities. Never allowing obsta- 230 - HISTORY OF CLEVELAND des to bar his path, if they can be overcome by determined and earnest efforts, he has worked his way steadily upward and is known to the public as a prosperous business man, while outside of business hours he is devoted to his home and family. WILLIAM S. CHURCHILL. On the record of Ohio's heroes of the Civil war appears the name of William S. Churchill, who in the days of peace gave his attention to agricultural interests, so managing his business affairs that success crowned his efforts and made him financially independent in his later years. He was born June 21, 1841, in Streetsboro township, Portage county, Ohio. His parents were Isaiah and Eunice Atwater (Morris) Churchill. The father, a native of Connecticut, removed from New England in his boyhood days and became a resident of Chautauqua county, New York, while subsequently he took up his abode in Ohio and through the period of his manhood gave his attention to general farming. Reared in this state William S. Churchill attended the country schools of Portage and Summit counties and afterward had the benefit of instruction in the schools of Kent and Ravenna, Ohio. His father died when the son was ten years of age, and when a young man of eighteen years William S. Churchill left school to assist his stepfather, who was a cripple, in cultivating and improving the home farm. He was thus busily employed until twenty-one years of age, when he could no longer content himself to remain at the plow while the country was engaged in Civil war and needed the support of her loyal sons. Accordingly, on the 11th of August, 1862, he joined Company I of the One Hundred and Fourth Regiment of Ohio Volunteer Infantry, which was assigned to duty with the Army of the Cumberland. After three years' service he was h0norably discharged June 25, 1865, returning home with a creditable military record. He had done active duty on the field of battle on various occasions and manifested a spirit of fearlessness and loyalty, which was most commendable. After being mustered out in Cleveland he returned to Portage county, where he again took up farming and further extended the scope of his labors by c0nducting a dairy business, in which he continued until 1901, when he sold out and removed to Cleveland. The remainder of his days were spent in honorable retirement from labor, this course being made possible by the success which he had previously obtained. Mr. Churchill gave his political allegiance to the republican party, which was the defense of the Union during the dark days of the Civil war. He never cared for political preferment and yet served as supervisor and school director in Portage county, his fellow townsmen soliciting his services in those offices. He also maintained pleasant relations with his old army comrades through his membership in the Grand Army of the Republic. He belonged to the Disciples' church while in Ravenna and after coming t0 Cleveland attended the services of the Euclid Avenue Christian church. It was on the 1st of January, 1868, that Mr. Churchill wedded Miss Louise E. Towne, a daughter of Joseph Towne, who was born April 3, 1806, and arrived in New Franklin, Ohio, in 1820. The ancestry 0f the family can be traced back to William de la Towne, who was a high dignitary in Alvely, England, in 1274 A. D. In 1630 another William Towne and his wife, Joanna Blessing, landed at Providence and soon afterward settled at Salem, Massachusetts. They came from Bristol, England, and they had two daughters. Rebecca, the elder, became the wife of Francis Nourse and was executed in Salem, November 22, 1695, during that now inexplainable fanaticism, that constitutes one of the darkest pages in American history, known as the Salem witchcraft. The other daughter, Mary, became the wife of Isaac Esty, and b9th she and her husband were executed as HISTORY OF CLEVELAND - 233 witches, they being the first two to be executed who were connected with promi families. Mrs. Churchill is of the eighth generation of the descendants of William and Joanna Towne who landed in 1630. The family has a notable military record, being represented in all of the prominent wars of the country. Amos and Thomas Towne served in King Philip's war ; eighteen of the representatives of the family were in the French and Indian war ; thirty-six in the Revolutionary war ; three in the war of 1812; two in the Mexican war ; fifty in the Civil war ; and two in the Spanish-American war. Such a history of patriotism and loyalty may well serve as an inspiration to the American youth. The children of Mr. and Mrs. Churchill are: Edith I., the wife of James Wilson, of Ravenna, Ohio; Pearl Towne; Orilla B., the wife of C. A. Chamberlain, of Cleveland; Jessie A., the wife of George S. Clapp, of Gustavus, Trumbull county, Ohio; Winnifred Josephine; Alta B., the wife of Walter B. Henry, of Dorset, Ohio; Ruby H.; Royal S.; and Esther L. The death of the husband and father occurred February 27, 1905. He had been a life-long resident of Ohio and (luring the years of his residence in Cleveland had won the warm friendship of many with whom he had come in contact. In days of peace he was as true and loyal to his country as when he followed the stars and stripes on the battlefields of the south. EDWIN G. ROSE. Edwin G. Rose, who for thirty-seven years was connected with the Sterling & Welch Company and throughout this period enjoyed the confidence and good will of his business associates, was born in Binghamton, New York, February 1, 1837, and died February 3, 1907, his days almost compassing the Psalmist's allotted span of three score years and ten. His parents were Elanson and Lukena Rose, the former a prominent physician of Binghamton, New York. In the schools of that city Edwin G. Rose pursued his education to the age of thirteen years and then entered upon an apprenticeship in a newspaper office in Norwalk, Ohio, where he remained four years. From that early age he was dependent entirely upon his own resources, and whatever success came to him followed as the logical sequence of his persistent and earnest effort. He arrived in Cleveland 'in 1861 and for four years was employed as comp0sitor on the Plain Dealer. He was also for a year or two with the Cleveland Leader. He then withdrew from the newspaper field and was in the employ of Morgan & Root, dry-goods merchants, for several years. In 1870 he became connected with the Sterling & Welch Company, and thirty-seven years' association with that house stands as incontrovertible evidence of his ability, trustworthiness and the confidence reposed in him by those whom he represented. The 25th of October, 1859, was the wedding day of Edwin G. Rose, the lady of his choice being Miss Sarah P. Sherwin, a daughter of Ahimaaz and Sarah M. (King) Sherwin. Her father came to Cleveland from Hartland, Vermont, in 1818, and was a son of Ahimaaz Sherwin, Sr., who served with distinction in the Revolutionary war. Mrs. Rose is one of Cleveland's pioneer women, having been born here August 30, 1838. She has two living sons, Norman, of New York city and Arthur G., a salesman. She also lost one child in infancy while a daughter, Fannie, died at the age of eleven years. From the organization of the republican party until his demise Edwin G. Rose voted for its candidates, having firm faith in its principles as being most conducive to good government. He was also a member of the Unitarian church of Cleveland, and he found in the church as well as in business and social circles many warm friends, whose high regard was given him through all the years of his association with Cleveland's interests. He belonged to that large band of eastern men who sought the opportunities of the growing west, and through their 234 - HISTORY OF CLEVELAND improvement of the advantages here offered have won substantial success, at the same time contributing to the progress and upbuilding of the city. Mrs, Rose has been a resident of Cleveland for seventy-one years, and events which are to others matters of history have occurred within her personal recollections. She now holds membership with the Old Settlers' Association and is highly esteemed in that organization. HOMER H. McKEEHAN. Homer H. McKeehan, who is trial lawyer of the firm of Hoyt, Dustin, Kelley, McKeehan & Andrews, one of the strongest legal combinations of Cleveland, making a specialty in practice of corporation and admiralty law, was born in Hillsboro, Ohio, June 27, 1870. His father, Milton McKeehan, also a native of this state, was for many years successfully engaged in business as a wholesale grocer, continuing in active connection with the trade until his death in 1903. His widow, who in her maidenhood was Sarah E. Foraker, still survives him and yet resides at Hillsboro. In the public schools of his native town Homer H. McKeehan mastered the elementary branches of learning and afterward attended the Ohio Wesleyan University at Delaware, completing his classical course by graduation in 1892, when the Bachelor of Arts degree was conferred upon him. A mental review of the business field led him to the determination to make the practice of law his life work and he began studying in Cleveland in the office of Sherman, Hoyt & Dustin, pursuing his reading under that direction until his admission to the bar on the 1st of October, 1894. He continued in the employ of the firm until January 1, 1902, when he was admitted to a partnership. On the death of Mr. Sherman, in 1893, the firm had become Hoyt, Dustin & Kelley and is now Hoyt, Dustin, Kelley, McKeehan & Andrews. They make a specialty of corporation and admiralty law, and since admitted to the bar Mr. McKeehan has been trial lawyer for the firm, appearing constantly before all of the courts, his strength as an advocate being attested in the many verdicts which he wins favorable to his clients. He gives to them the benefit of considerable talent and of unwearied industry and is known to the profession as an able minister in the temple of justice. He belongs to both the county and state bar associations. Mr. McKeehan gives his allegiance to the republican party and has been somewhat active in local politics. His social nature is evidenced in his membership in the Union, Euclid, Mayfield, Hermit and Cleveland Athletic Clubs. He was married December 16, 1896, at Hillsboro, Ohio, to Miss Nancy Spargur, a daughter of H. W. Spargur, of that place, and they now have one child, Eliza P., eleven years of age. The family residence is at No. 2043 East Eighty-eighth street, Mr. McKeehan owning the property. He has made substantial progress in his chosen field of labor, his earnest study, th0rough preparation and close adherence to a high standard of professional ethics bringing him into important relations with the work of the courts. - HOWARD EUGENE TEACHOUT. Howard Eugene Teachout, who was long a representative 0f industrial life in Cleveland, where he was also known as a public-spirited citizen, was born in Lorain, Ohio, August 24, 1850. He was left an orphan in his childhood, and Dr. Beeman, who was his guardian, reared him. He was educated in the public schools, and after putting aside his text-books he secured a clerkship in the rolling mill store in Newburg, where he remained for a time. He was ambitious, HISTORY OF CLEVELAND - 235 however, to engage in business on his own account and for this purpose carefully saved his earnings and eagerly availed himself of the first opportunity to begin business. Ile started in the boot and shoe trade, but after being in that line for a time became connected with the Boiler Manufacturing Company in association with his father-in-law, John Smith, who came from England, his native country, when a young man of nineteen years" and began work in the steel mills. He diligently pursued the tasks assigned him until his labor had brought him sufficient capital to enable him to engage in business on his own account. He then established a boiler shop under the firm style of Smith & Mather, while later his sons became associated with him in business, and Mr. Teachout was also admitted to a partnership. Mr. Smith was one of the early and prominent business men of the city and was active in its affairs until about five years before his death, when he retrred to private life and spent his remaining days in the enjoyment of well earned rest. He died on the 8th of December, 1891, at the age of seventy-three years and is still survived by his wife, who is now eighty-five years of age, They were the parents of three children: F. W. Smith, now connected with the boiler manufacturing company; Mrs. J. H. Redman; and Mrs. Teachout. It was in Cleveland in 1872 that Mr. Teachout was united in marriage t0 Miss Helen Marie Smith, and they now have two children—Maybelle, the wife of Dr. A. A. La Vigne—and John Howard, who is a graduate of the Case School of Applied Science and is employed by the Carnegie Steel Company, at Youngstown, Ohio. Mr. Teachout was a very prominent Mason, attaining the thirty-second degree of the Scottish Rite and exemplifying in his life the beneficent and helpful spirit of the craft. His political allegiance was given to the republican party, and he closely studied the questions and issues of the day, regarding it as the duty, as well as the privilege, of the American citizen to cast his ballot in the direction which he believed would best conserve the interests of good government. His religious faith was that of the Episcopal church, with which he was long connected. He was regarded by all who knew him as a public-spirited citizen, an honorable business man, and one whose sterling qualities gained for him the trust and good will of all who knew him. CHARLES HENRY MACFARLAND, JR., M. D. Dr. Charles Henry MacFarland, Jr., one of the younger physicians of Cleveland, whose success might well be envied by older practitioners, was born in Meadville, Pennsylvania, July 25, 1877. His father, Dr. Charles Henry MacFarland, coming to Cleveland in 1890, practiced here for several years but is now living retired. His mother, who bore the maiden name of Ellen E. Carpenter, died in 1889. In the public schools of his native city, Dr. C. H. MacFarland of this review pursued his studies until he was graduated from the high school with the class of 1896. In April, 1898, he enlisted in the First Regiment of Maryland Volunteer Infantry, with which he served for ten months, being discharged with the rank of corporal in February, 1899. Upon President McKinley's call for volunteers for active duty in the Philippines, he enlisted in August, 1899, was a member of the Twenty-eighth Volunteer Infantry, joining the regiment in private. He then served in the islands of the Pacific until April, 1901, and was promoted to the rank of sergeant. In the fall of that year he entered the Cleveland College of Physicians & Surgeons and was graduated in May, 1905, with the M. D. degree. having pursued the full four years' course so that he was thoroughly qualified for the onerous duties that devolved upon him as he entered upon general practice. He also spent one year as house physician and surgeon in the 236 - HISTORY OF CLEVELAND Cleveland General Hospital, and the varied experiences of hospital work more thoroughly than ever equipped him for his chosen vocation. He has since practiced at his present location and is accorded the support of many patrons who have found him skillful, able and conscientious in ministering to the needs of the sick. Upon its opening he was appointed a member of the staff of the Woodhill General Hospital, and he belongs to the American Medical Association, the Ohio State Medical Society and the Cleveland Academy of Medicine. Dr. MacFarland was married May 1, 1907, to Miss May Schoonover, of Findlay, Ohio, and they have one child, Charles Henry MacFarland III. The family residence is at No. 4089 East Ninety-first street. Dr. MacFarland belongs to the Masonic lodge and to the Order 0f Foresters and is a lover of athletics, in which he was quite active until his growing practice made such constant demands upon his time that it left him little 0pportunity for baseball and other outdoor sports, in which he found deep interest and delight. JOHN ELLERY GREENE. Fifty-three years in the business of selling hardware and machinists' and mining supplies continuously under the same roof is the record of J. E. Greene, president of the W. Bingham Company of Cleveland, and what is more remarkable, although more than seventy years of age he still displays an activity and enthusiasm that give promise of keeping him in the business arena f0r another decade. Mr. Greene was born June 23, 1837, at Vergennes, Vermont, the oldest and smallest city in New England, incorporated three weeks before the incorporation of Boston. His father, William Ellery Greene, was a direct descendant in the sixth generation of General Nathaniel Greene of Revolutionary war fame. The family is an old and prominent one 0f English and Scotch origin, and among its representatives was General Ge0rge Searles Greene, of the United States army, a prominent civil engineer of Washington and New York and a veteran of the Civil war, who devoted the latter years of his life to compiling an extensive genealogical record of the family. A letter which he wrote to J. E. Greene in his ninety-seventh year is a fine specimen of penmanship and literary ability.   In the classic school of Benjamin B. Allen at Vergennes, Vermont, J. E. Greene pursued his education and in 1852, at the age of fourteen years, he entered upon his business career in a general st0re in his native town, there remaining until April, 1856, when he came to Cleveland. Thus for more than half a century he has figured in the business circles of this city and has been connected with one of its leading enterprises, constituting an important factor in Cleveland's commercial progress and prosperity. On his arrival here he entered the employ of W. Bingham & Company, wholesale and retail hardware dealers, the firm then consisting of William Bingham, H. C. Blossom and H. K. Wells. In 1865 the first two bought out Mr. Wells' interest and Mr. Greene, who up to that time had been occupying the position of clerk, was admitted to the firm. Subsequently the sons of the two senior members became partners, but the name continued the same as when established in 1841 until the business was incorporated in 1888 as the W. Bingham Company. At that date Mr. Greene was elected vice president, holding that position until shortly after the death of its founder, Hon, William Bingham in 1904, when he was elected to the presidency. When he entered the business the trade was practically retail, the wholesale department being very limited, its patrons consisting only of a few merchants in Cleveland and the adjacent territory. Today the house conducts one of the largest wholesale enterprises of this character in the state, and their retail business on Superior street also continues as one of the important factors in Cleveland's commercial enterprises. The wholesale business is still conducted under the same roof as   HISTORY OF CLEVELAND - 239   when Mr. Greene entered the employ of the firm fifty-three years ago, and he enjoys the honor of being the oldest merchant on Water street in years of continuous connection with the trade. Since an early epoch in his commercial career he has given especial attention to mining supplies, and the efficient service which he has rendered different companies in this line is largely responsible for the growth and extent of the wholesale department.   On the l0th of December, 1864, Mr. Greene was married in Cleveland to Miss Mary Elizabeth Seymour, a daughter of Harry Belden Seymour, of Vergennes, Vermont. The death of Mrs. Greene occurred December 17, 1891, and was the occasion of deep regret to many friends. In the family were six children: Mary Seymour, the wife of Charles O. Patch, vice president and general manager of the Security Savings & Trust Company of Detroit and formerly vice president of the Cleveland Trust Company; Lucy Huntington Sherrill, at home; William Ellery, an active member of the W. Bingham Company ; Edward Belden, assist, ant treasurer of the Cleveland Trust Company; Helen Maria, the wife of Charles P. !line, of the law firm of Thompson & Hine, of Cleveland; and Harry Belden, who died in 1886 at the age of fourteen months. The family residence at No. 4410 Franklin avenue was erected by Mr. Greene in 1877. A man of domestic taste, he divides his time between his home and his office. In manner he is quiet, courteous, kindly and genial, and has therefore commanded the respect and good will of his business colleagues and those whom he meets socially. Since its organization he has been a member of the Chamber of Commerce. He gives his political endorsement to the republican party and is senior warden in St. John's Protestant Episcopal church, of which he has been a vestryman since 1886. Never active in public life, he has concentrated his energies on his business and is yet a most active man, having kept in touch with the processes of business transformation and development, while his indefatigable energy has constituted a prominent factor in the growth and substantial progress of Cleveland.   EDWIN W. CHRISTY.   The rapacity for understanding the multiplicity of details, for managing involved rests and solving intricate business problems well qualified Edwin W. Christy for his present position as state manager of the United States Life Insurance Company. He was born in Trumbull county, Ohio, November 29, 1863, and is a son of Mathias Christy and a grandson of John Christy, the latter one of the earliest settlers of Trumbull county, Ohio, where he was engaged in farming, aiding in the conversion of the wild land into productive fields. His son, Mathias Christy, was born in Trumbull county, was educated at Bethany College in West Virginia and became a minister of the Disciples church. He served for some time as pastor of a church of that denomination at Paynes Corners,      Bristol, Hartford, Newburg and at various other places, devoting his life to the ministry up to the time of his death, which occurred when he was forty-nine years of age. He wedded Jane McMullin, a daughter of Benjamin and Catherine McMullin, also natives and old settlers of Trumbull county.   Edwin W. Christy is indebted to the public-school system of Trumbull county, Ohio for the early educational privileges which he enjoyed. In 1878 he entered Hiram College, where he remained for a year, after which he became a student in the Michigan University in 1879, spending two years in that institution. He studied law for two years, originally with the intention of making this practice his life work, but at the end of that time he turned his attention to the insurance field in 1885, For four years lie conducted a general insurance agency, and on the 1st of February, 1889, he came to Cleveland with the United States Life Insurance Company, as state manager. He has been with them continuously since, and by reason of his executive ability and administrative powers he has largely   240 - HISTORY OF CLEVELAND   developed the business of the company in this state. In his chosen field of labor he has won substantial success, being one 0f the most capable state managers in the entire country in the field of life insurance. For five years he served as the secretary of the National Association of Life Underwriters and is now a member of the Cleveland Life Underwriters Association.   In September, 1887, Mr. Christy was married to Miss Jane Bassett, a daughter of Horace P. and Justine L. (Brewster) Bassett, of Warren, Ohio. They have but one child, Taylor B., who is a graduate of the University School and now a student in Princeton. Mr. Christy owns a country home in Tallmadge, Ohio, where he has an estate of one hundred and seventy acres, and there he indulges his love of fine stock, making a specialty of Holstein cattle. Driving is his chief source of recreation, and he is a member of the Gentlemen's Driving Club. He has never allowed personal interest or ambition to dwarf his public spirit or activities but gives to matters of public moment such aid as he deems wise and is at all times recognized as a public-spirited citizen. He belongs to the Chamber of Commerce and to the Roadside Club, while his political views are manifest in his stalwart support of the republican party at the polls. He belongs to the Euclid Avenue Disciples church and is a man of charming personality and unfeigned cordiality. His social qualities are pronounced, and he is an acceptable companion in any society in which intelligence is a necessary attribute to agreeableness.   HENRY PHELPS SANFORD.   Henry Phelps Sanford made his home in Cleveland only during the later years of his life but was a native son of Ohio and always resided within its borders. During the period 0f his residence in the Forest city he gained many warm friends through his genuine worth, and at all times he willingly gave his aid and influence to matters relative to the general welfare.   Mr. Sanford was a native of Painesville, Ohio, born on November 7, 1829, He pursued his early education in the schools of his native town and his more specifically literary course at Hudson, Ohio. He attended the law school of Yale University and was graduated with honors with the class 0f 1850. In the meantime, while in New Haven, he met the lady whom he afterward made his wife, and, not wishing to wait and build up the law practice which might delay their marriage for some time, he gave up the idea of practicing law and returned to his home town, where he entered into business relations with his father, P. P. Sanford, who was the f0under 0f the Geauga Furnace C0mpany, which eventually became the Geauga Stove Company. The business relation between them continued until the death of the father, when Henry P. Sanford. became the head 0f the concern and so continued until the year 1897, when, on account of ill health, he removed to Cleveland and retired from active life. In all of his business affairs he maintained an unsullied relation to the trade, being thor0ughly reliable in all transactions, never misrepresenting the 0utput in any way but winning his success by reason of the satisfaction which his products gave to his customers.   While a resident of Painesville Mr. Sanford served the city in many ways, not only by building up a business that gave employment to many men but also by cooperation in various movements for the general good. He was long a member of the board of education and served as its secretary for thirty-five years, during which time he was champion of every practical and progressive movement which he deemed would prove beneficial to the schools. He was also a member of the city council for thirty-five years and did much toward shaping the municipal progress and guiding the destiny of his native city. For forty years he was junior warden of the Episcopal church. His long continuance in these various offices is incontrovertible proof 0f his loyalty and ability therein.   HISTORY OF CLEVELAND - 241   It was in New Haven, Connecticut, in 1851, that Mr. Sanford was married to Miss Emily J. Huggins, and unto them were born five children, but only two are now living: Henry Huggins, a resident of Mansfield, Ohio, and Percy. Phelps, bookkeeper in the Union National Bank, with which he has been connected for seventeen years. After coming to Cleveland Mr. and Mrs. Sanford united with St. Paul's church and gave to it generous support and loyal assistance in advancing its activities.   As a citizen Mr. Sanford was extremely public spirited. He was always very proud of his home state and the record it had made and was ever ready to lend prompt and generous aid to its advancement. A man of scholarly tastes he read broadly, continually adding to the sum total of his knowledge, and his wide learning made him well qualified to speak with authority upon many subjects. His manner was entirely free from anything dictatorial or aggressive, but the true worth of his character, his kindliness, his geniality and his deference for the opinions of others made him loved and honored by all with whom he came in contact.   JOHN REEVE DAVOCK.   John Reeve Davock, a partner in the firm of J. R. Davock & Company, conducting a lake transportation business with offices in the Rockefeller building, was born in this city February 28, 1877, his parents being William B. and Grace (Garlock) Davock, of Buffalo, New York. The father was an iron merchant, and the family became residents of this city in 1869. At the usual age John Reeve Davock was sent to the public schools, where he pursued his education to the age of seventeen, and after leaving school entered the Bank of Commerce, where he was employed for a time. He afterward became connected with J. R. Davock & Company in a lake freight transportation business and in this connection has built up an enterprise of large and profitable proportions, having to do in large extent with all freight shipments from this point. They control the business of the Vulcan Steamship Company and of the Triton Steamship Company, and the success which is theirs follows as the legitimate and logical sequence of well defined effort and carefully formulated plans, stimulated at all times by the Spirit of enterprise.   In 1907 Mr. Davock was married to Miss Agnes Buell, a daughter of George W. Buell, and they have one daughter, Harriet. Mr. Davock gives his political endorsement to the republican party and is a stanch advocate of all measures that relate to Cleveland's welfare, being at all times loyal to the city of his residence.   CHARLES SHAW HORNER.   Charles Shaw Horner, an attorney at law, who as a member of the city council has been prominent in the adoption of the question of street railway interests in Cleveland, was born in Allegheny, Pennsylvania, June 7, 1873. His father, Benjamin F. Horner, was a native of Roscoe, Ohio, born in January, 1846. At time of the Civil war he enlisted at the first call for troops, becoming a private of Company A, Fourth Ohio Regiment. He became a noncommissioned officer, serving with the rank of sergeant, and after the ninety days' call he re-enlisted continuing at the front until the close of hostilities. He married Anna Shaw, and since 1881 has acted as general passenger agent of the Nickel Plate Railway Company, being recognized as a leading representative of railway circles. He was a son of William Horner, a native of Baltimore, Maryland, and a miller by trade.   242 - HISTORY OF CLEVELAND   Charles Shaw Horner, after attending the public schools of Cleveland, continued his studies in a private military academy, from which he was graduated in 1890. He then matriculated in Cornell University at Ithaca, New York, and was graduated in 1894, while the following year he won the Bachelor of Law degree from the same university. In 1896, after a year spent in a railway offrce, he commenced the practice of his chosen profession and for a time was a member of the firm of Hile & Homer but is now alone. While he gives his attention to general practice he specializes to some extent on tax law and also in the settlement of estates. He is a director of the Riggi Candy Company, and his ability is evidenced in his keen discernment concerning commercial affairs as well as in the profession which he has chosen as his life work.   Mr. Horner is today classed with the active and leading representatives of Cleveland and in the spring of 1903 was elected a member of the city council from the twenty-fifth ward, was reelected in November, 1904, and again in November, 1907. He has done active work in the council in support of many measures which he deems of value to the municipality and also as a member of the committees on appropriations, taxes, assessments and ordinances. On the first named he has served as chairman, and he has also been on other committees of importance. In the work of the council he stands on the street railway question for an immediate settlement at the lowest possible fare, pr0bably seven tickets for twenty-five cents with general transfers. He regards this as the lowest fare consistent with good service, which would allow a reasonable return on money invested. He has stood at all times for the conduct of city interests in a business-like and economical manner, believing that the same principles of business should be brought to bear upon municipal affairs as are used in private concerns. He is opposed to the use of public funds for expounding fads and fancies,   In September, 1903, Mr. Horner was united in marriage to Miss Eleanore Melville, daughter of William and Mary Melville, of Toronto, Canada. They hold membership in the Second Presbyterian church, in the work of which Mr, Horner takes an active part. He has addressed the Men's Club of the church on several occasions and at all times keeps inf0rmed on questions of vital public interest, reading broadly and thinking deeply. His membership relations are with the Delta Kappa Epsilon and the Theta Nu Epsilon, both of Cornell University, and he also became a chancery, the honorary scholarship organization in the senior class of Cornell. He likewise belongs to the Masonic lodge, the Knights of Pythias and the Sons of Veterans. His political associations are with the Tippecanoe, Western Reserve, Union League and Twenty-fifth Ward Republican Clubs. Few men who do not give their whole time and attention to politics are so thoroughly informed upon the questions and issues 0f the day as Mr. Homer, and none is more loyal to the principles in which they believe. His service in behalf 0f his party is of a most practical character and has been productive of good results.   JOHN EDMONDSON CHAFER.   John Edmondson Chafer is the president of the Chafer Company of Cleveland, who conduct an extensive business as steam and hot-water fitters and also make a specialty 0f exhaust steam heating. His birth occurred in Massachusetts on the 17th of April, 1844, his parents being William and Faith (Haber- croft) Chafer, both of whom were natives of England, in which country they were married. In early manhood William Chafer crossed the Atlantic to the United States, settling in Massachusetts, where he devoted his attention to general agricultural pursuits. Subsequently he returned to his native land and there passed away in 1870. The demise of his wife had occurred about 1866.   John E. Chafer obtained his early education in the schools of the old Bay state and when about ten years of age accompanied his parents to England,   HISTORY OF CLEVELAND - 245   where he completed his studies. His father paid a premium to have him learn the profession of engineering in the railroad shops, and in 1870 he returned to the United States, locating at Buffalo, New York. He was employed as engineer on the lakes from Buffalo to Green Bay and in the latter part of 1871 came to Cleveland, here securing a position with a firm which was engaged in the manufacture of steam fittings. At the end of about two years he became first assistant engineer in the city water works, acting in that capacity for four years, or until a change in the administration. He next entered the service of the Standard Manufacturing Company as an expert' on ice machinery and after a short time went to Buffalo, where he spent about a year in the erection of ice machines. On returning to Cleveland in 1879 he embarked in business for himself, establishing a steam fitting and engineering enterprise under the name of John E. Chafer. When about a year had passed the style of the concern was changed to the Chafer-Buck Company, and at the end of another year it became the Chafer-Doughty Company. In 1882 the name was changed to the Chafer, Becker & Doughty Company, and the firm thus conducted business for a little over a year, when the name of Chafer & Becker was adopted and was retained for about twenty-three years. At the end of that time the concern was incorporated as the Chafer-Becker Company and was thus known for about two years or until April, 1907, since which time the business has been conducted under the style of the Chafer Company. They are engaged in the general manufacture 0f steam fittings, with contracting and engineering departments to the business as well, and their patronage in this connection has extended over the entire country, the business having steadily grown along substantial lines. Mr. Chafer is one of the oldest representatives of this line of activity in Cleveland and has long occupied a foremost position in industrial circles. In the year 1864, in England, Mr. Chafer was joined in wedlock to Miss Mary Leah Thorp, a native of that country. Unto them have been born seven children, as follows: John E., whose birth occurred in 1865 and who is now the vice president of the Chafer Company ; Mrs. Fanny Brown, who was born in 1868; Arthur, whose birth occurred in 1872 and who passed away in 1907; Mrs. Lillian Grady, who was born in 1876 and died in 1904; William E., born in 1878, who is the secretary and treasurer of the Chafer Company ; Mrs. Margaret Geckler, who first opened her eyes to the light of day in 1880 ; and Herbert. who was born in 1882 and is likewise associated with his father in business.   Politically Mr. Chafer has always been a stanch republican and formerly was an active worker in the local ranks of the party. Fraternally he is identified with Bigelow Lodge, A. F. & A. M.; the Royal Arcanum; and the Independent Order of Odd Fellows. He is likewise a member of the Chamber of Commerce, the Builders' Exchange and the Cleveland Engineering Society. His life record has exemplified many sterling traits which constitute an upright, honorable manhood, and with the leading residents of Cleveland he well deserves mention.   OSCAR BROWN.   One of the earliest representatives of business life in Cleveland was Oscar Brown, who was born in Elyria, Ohio, in 1818, and died in 1849. His parents were James and Esther Brown, who were among the early residents that New York sent to the Buckeye state. They established their home at Elyria in 1817, and there the father followed the occupation of farming, at a time when it was with difficulty that the soil of Ohio was converted into fertile fields owing to the heavy growth of timber which covered it and had to be cleared away before the plowing could be done. Oscar Brown acquired his education in Elyria and was a well informed man for that early day, having attended Oberlin College. He often filled the pulpit   246 - HISTORY OF CLEVELAND   in the absence 0f the minister, although he never studied theology, his good education and his thorough understanding of the principles of Christianity enabling him to speak earnestly and el0quently to the people upon religious questions. On coming to Cleveland in the days of its early business development he established a blacksmith and wagon shop in what was then Collmer, now East Cleveland. He continued the business, however, for only a short time, for his death soon afterward occurred, when he was but twenty-seven years of age. His political support was given to the whig party, and his religious faith was that 0f the Presbyterian church, of which he was a devoted member.   In 1838 Mr. Brown was united in marriage to Miss Eveline S. Meeker, a daughter of Stephen B. and Elizabeth (Chips) Meeker, wh0 came to Cleveland from Elizabeth, New Jersey, at an early day. Timothy Meeker, her grandfather, was one of the eighteen sons of Josiah Meeker, all of whom served with distinction throughout the Revolutionary war. The Meeker family, which has long figured prominently in connection with the annals 0f this country, was of Holland origin, and representatives 0f the name went from Antwerp to England in 1500. Two br0thers braved the dangers of an ocean voyage two and a half centuries ago in order to establish homes in the new world. They arrived in America in 1639 and settled in New Haven, Connecticut. One of these brothers, William Meeker, a short time afterward purchased one hundred and fifty-two acres of land from the Indians and established the city 0f Elizabeth, New Jersey. The old homestead which he erected near Newark, New Jersey, in 1658, is still standing and is occupied by descendants of the family. It was used during the Revolutionary war by Josiah Meeker and his eighteen sons. Mrs. Brown is one of the oldest living residents of Cleveland, having been born on the Mayfield road in 1820. She is remarkably well preserved for one of her years and is a valued and honored member of the Old Settlers' Association. Her children are : William S. Brown, now living retired ; Amelia, who died at the age of twelve years ; Mrs. Sarah Erying, the widow of Frank Erying; and Lottie F., the wife 0f H. G. Boone, a direct descendant of Daniel Boone, of Kentucky.   ROBERT BURTON NEWCOMB.   Robert Burton Newcomb, attorney at law, was born in New York city October 26, 1872. His parents, G. L. and Elizabeth Newcomb, are both now deceased. The father, a physician of New York city, died there in 1884, in which year Robert B. Newcomb and his younger brother, Adrian G., came to Cleveland with their mother and have since made this city their home. Preparing for a professional career with the original intention 0f making the practice of medicine his life work, R. B. Newcomb was graduated from the Western Reserve Medical College in 1893 with the degree of M. D. He afterward attended Oberlin College for one year and subsequently matriculated in Baldwin University, from which institution he was graduated in 1897 with the degree of Bachelor of Philosophy. In 1899 he completed a course in the Western Reserve Law School and the Bachelor of Law degree was conferred upon him.   Admitted to the bar in June of that year Mr. Newcomb began practice in Cleveland as a member of the firm of Hopkins, Cobb & Newcomb, his associates being W. R. Hopkins and F. M. Cobb, while later B. P. Bole was admitted to a partnership that was maintained until January 1, 1907. On its dissolution the present firm of R. B. & A. G. Newcomb was formed. The senior partner has confined his attention exclusively to medico-legal practice. In 1892, while in college, he founded the Western Reserve Medical Journal, later the Journal of Medicine and recently the Cleveland Medical Journal. He has been an occasional contributor to various periodicals.   HISTORY OF CLEVELAND - 247   On the 1st of September, 1898, Mr. Newcomb wedded Faith Warner, a daughter of Dr. M. F. Warner, president of Baldwin University, and they have two sons, MiIlard W. and Robert B., aged respectively ten and five years. Mr. Newcomb is a republican but only votes the straight ticket when he has reason to believe that the candidates named thereon are men who will be loyal to the best interests of good, wholesome government. His relations in nonprofessional lines are with the Masons, the Chamber of Commerce, the Hermit Club, the Euclid Club, and the Academy of Medicine-associations which indicate much of the nature of his interests.   EDWARD L. DEAN.   Edward L. Dean, who for many years was an enterprising and successful representative of industrial interests in Cuyahoga county, being engaged in business as a carriage manufacturer, passed away on the 31st of August, 1894. He was horn in Columbus, Ohio, on the 26th of March, 1833, his parents being David and Olive C. (White) Dean, who celebrated their marriage in the year 1828. They made their way from Utica, New York, to Columbus, Ohio, and in 1834 came to Cleveland, locating on Superior street, where David Dean conducted business as a carriage manufacturer. In 1852 he retired and took up his abode in Newburg, there purchasing a tract of eight acres of land. Subsequently he laid it out in lots and disposed of the greater portion thereof. Both he and his wife belonged to the famous Old Stone church, which is still standing in the square.   Edward L. Dean attended the district schools of Cleveland until sixteen years of age and then began learning the trade of carriage making under the direction of his father. He accompanied his parents to Newburg and there entered business as a carriage manufacturer in partnership with his cousin Charles Midlam, which association was maintained until 1856, when they sold out. Making his way to Wilmington, Ohio, Mr. Dean there became foreman in the carriage works of Justus Taylor, in which capacity he served for two years. On the expiration of that period he returned to Cleveland and here again became identified with industrial interests as a carriage manufacturer in partnership with his father-in-law, Nehemiah Knapp, which relation was continued from 1858 until 1861. In the latter year he turned the business over to his father-in-law and removed to Gallipolis, Ohio, with his family, there acting as foreman in the carriage works of Charles Vanden until 1865. He then again returned to Cleveland and successfully conducted a carriage-making establishment until the time of his retirement in 188o, when he converted his factory into a double dwelling house. On the 29th of August, 1874, a disastrous fire destroyed a number of the buildings in that locality, but these were afterward replaced by more modern structures.   On the 5th of November, 1856, Mr. Dean was united in marriage to Miss Amantha C. Knapp, whose birth occurred in Newburg, Ohio, on the 12th of November, 1838, her parents being Nehemiah and Mary (Harbaugh) Knapp. The father was born on the l0th of June, 1809, and the mother, at Sandyville, Ohio, on the 14th of November, 1815. Nehemiah Knapp, who came to Cleveland from Liberty Corners, Steuben county, New York, in 1831, here followed the trade of hlacksmithing. The earliest records of the Knapp family date back to the fifteenth century, at which time representatives of the name were living in Sussex county, England, where they were regarded as people of wealth and standing, having their coat-of-arms, etc. Many of them also became famous as warriors of that day. The first representatives of the family in this country came here in 1630 with a colony of farmers under command of Winthrop and Salstanstall. Two brothers, Roger Nicholas and William Knapp, who located   248 - HISTORY OF CLEVELAND   in different parts of Massachusetts, are the direct ancestors of Mrs. Dean. The representatives of the name are now widely scattered over the United States, and many of them hold very prominent official positions. Nathaniel Knapp, the paternal grandfather of Mrs. Dean, was a member of Washington's life guard during the Revolutionary war. Unto Mr. and Mrs. Dean were born four children, as follows : George D., whose birth occurred August 27, 1858, and who passed away on the 29th of August, 1905; Edward L., born March 12, 1861, wh0 was called t0 his final rest on the 4th of March, 1875; Jeanie, born February 24, 1865, who gave her hand in marriage to William J. Townsend, 0f Cleveland, on the 5th of November, 1885; and Allen C., whose birth occurred August 5, 1882, and who is now connected with the American Steel & Wire Company.   Mr. Dean was a charter member of Masonic Lodge No. 379, at Newburg, which was chartered on the 16th of October, 1867. His widow belongs to the Early Settlers' Association and, having lived in Cleveland during her entire life, has a host of friends throughout the city.   PER LEE ALVIN LIEGHLEY.   Per Lee Alvin Lieghley, at one time county prosecuting attorney of Cuyahoga county and now practicing at the Cleveland bar, was born in Navarre, Ohio, March 9, 1872. F0r almost a century the family has been represented there. The paternal great-grandfather becoming a pioneer of Ohio, settled in Navarre about 1812 and three generations of the family have there been represented. His son, David Lieghley, was born near Navarre, devoted his life to general agricultural pursuits and died in 1887. Frank B. Lieghley, the father of our subject, was born at Navarre, April 14, 1843, was also reared to agricultural pursuits and throughout his life has carried on general farming. He has also held various township offices, was active in the ranks of the democracy and in various ways is an influential factor in community life. He was too young for service in the Civil war, and his father was too old, but two of the paternal uncles of our subject, Eli B. and Jacob Lieghley, served throughout the entire period of hostilities. The mother of P. L. A. Lieghley bore the maiden name of Barbara R. Lonas and was born near Navarre, Ohio, June 27, 1844. Her father, John D. L0nas. was born in Mount Jackson, Virginia, devoted his life to farming and became a justice of the peace. He had two sons in the Union army, one of whom was killed in battle. Other relatives on this side of the family were in the Confederate army. The only brother of P. L. A. Lieghley is William F. Lieghley, now a farmer at Navarre. His sister Etta is the wife 0f Frank Ingleman, living near Navarre.   In the district schools Mr. Lieghley pursued his early education and afterward attended Marsgall's Business College at Delaware, Ohio, from which he was graduated with the class of 1889. He was for six months with the McIntosh-Huntington Hardware Company of Cleveland and afterward entered the Ohio Wesleyan University, in which he pursued a three years' special course. He prepared for his profession in the Cincinnati Law School, which he attended in 1894-5 and in 1895 entered the Kent College of Law in Chicago, from which he was graduated with the Bachelor of Law degree in 1896. He likewise practiced law in Chicago for three years, when his health failed, and he returned to Ohio. He then accepted the principalship of the schools at Strasburg, Ohio, near his old home, and to some extent practiced law, serving also as justice of the peace for three years. Desiring the broader field offered in city practice, he came to Cleveland on the 1st of August, 1902, and has since practiced alone. In 1905 he was solicitor of South Brooklyn, filling the position until about the time of its annexation t0 Cleveland. Although a democrat he was elected to the office by a republican council-a fact which is indicative of the confidence re-