250 - CLEVELAND AND ITS ENVIRONS Ashland County, Ohio, June 14, 1860. That Section of Ohio was still almost an unsettle portion of the wilderness when in 1817 hi grandfather came out of Pennsylvania and set tied there and developed a farm. His father Daniel Summers, was born and reared at tha pioneer homestead, was in early life a teacher and for many years a practical farmer a Charlotte, Michigan. He finally removed to Cleveland, where he spent his last years Daniel Summers married Mary Wherry, who survived her husband and moved to Cali fornia. As a boy David Otis Summers attended public school at Charlotte, Michigan, and in early youth came to Cleveland, where during the day he worked in the lumber and planing mill of Davidson & House, and at night finished his education in the Spencerian Business College. He was with Davidson & House until 1882, and his willingness to assume responsibilities caused the firm to put him in charge of the mill with a force of twenty men under him when he was hardly more than twenty-one. From 1882 to 1887 he was employed as a mechanic with Sterling, Welch & Company. In 1887 there were four carpet cleaning establishments in Cleveland. With all this competition Mr. Summers believed he saw an opportunity to set up a shop of his own, and though he had to borrow the necessary capital and he started business in an upstairs room on East Prospect Street, he soon had a patronage satisfied and increasing and an outlook for the future that fully justified him in continuing in the business. One of the early features of his business was renting awnings for parties and weddings. One of the first important extensions of the business came in 1896 when he established his rug factory for the manufacture of domestic rugs. He was a pioneer in what is now recognized as the modern and standard practice of cleaning carpets by means of air. At first, however, he utilized compressed air which was forced or expelled through the rugs instead of the now more familiar principle of vacuum cleaning. This was the first establishment of that kind in Cleveland. He developed many of the ideas and practices now used in air cleaning processes. In 1902 another department was added for dry cleaning and lace cleaning, and in 1905 the D. O. Summers Cleaning & Laundry Company was incorporated. Mr. Summers has since been its president and treasurer and he is also a member of the board of the Ohio State Dry Cleaners' and Dyers' Association and one of its directors. In recognition of his superior knowledge of the cleaning business, Mr. Summers was called to Washington through instructions of the Reclamation Department, Quartermaster General's office, to appear on a board of five experts on dry cleaning to formulate plans and establish a place for the government, that they might know just what to do in the Reclamation Department. Naturally other business interests have attracted Mr. Summers into active participation, and he is president of the Standard Tire & Rubber Manufacturing Company at Willoughby, Ohio. He was one of the organizers of this business, was elected vice president in January, 1913, and in October, 1917, became president. He is vice president of the Big Lake Land & Lumber Company, a corporation owning and operating timber lands in Arkansas. He was formerly a director of the Hough Bank & Trust Company. He is a member of the Laundry Workers' National Association, of the Cleveland Chamber of Commerce, the Chamber of Commerce of the United States of America, the Old Colonial Club, Incorporated, of New York, the Cleveland Automobile Club, Cleveland Athletic Club, and is active in Masonic circles. His affiliations are with Woodward Lodge, Free and Accepted Masons; Cleveland Chapter, Royal Arch Masons; Holyrood Commandery, Knights Templar ; Al Koran Temple of the Mystic Shrine. Mr. Summers is a member and was first president of the board of trustees of the Hough Avenue Congregational Church at the time the church edifice was constructed. Mr. Summers has enjoyed an ideal domestic life, and he and his family have both a city home and a country home at Chagrin Falls. He married Miss Josephine Kaighin, a native of New York City and daughter of Philip Kaighin. Mr. and Mrs, Summers have two sons and two daughters. The oldest is Bessie 0., wife of John H. Marshall of Erie, Pennsylvania. The older son is Otis D., now secretary of The D. 0. Summers Cleaning and Laundry Company. The second son, Harry K., is a director of the cleaning and laundry company. The younger child, Ruth, is still at home. Both sons were well educated, the older having spent one year in the Ohio Wesleyan University. The sons are members of Terion Lodge of Masons. Harry K. Summers had an active experience of three months on the Mexican border with Company C of the First Batallion of Ohio Engineers. This organization CLEVELAND AND ITS ENVIRONS - 251 is now the One Hundred Twelfth Regiment of Engineers in the National army. All told Harry K. Summers was with this organization for seven months. Harry K. Summers is president of the Motor Equipment Company of Cleveland and is member of the Cleveland Chamber of Commerce. Both sons belong to the Hough Avenue Congregational Church. RABBI ELIAS ROTHSCHILD. The death of Rabbi Rothschild at Cleveland, June 17, 1914, marked the passing of a man whose goodness, generosity and liberality were of common knowledge to all the people among whom he had lived for nearly forty years, and who in his simplicity, his constant self-sacrifice, measured up to the best elements of greatness in mankind. He was born at Marienpole, Russian Poland, in 1853, a son of Max Rothschild, who also lived for some years in Cleveland but who later returned to Jerusalem and lived in that sacred city five years before his death and is buried there. Elias Rothschild was brought to America when a mere child, and during his youth was greatly befriended by Mr. J. H. Kantrowitz, a noted philanthropist, merchant and communal worker in New York City. He married his benefactor's daughter, Jennie Kantrowitz, whose father was one of the prominent men among the Jewish population of New York City for over forty years. After his marriage Rabbi Rothschild moved to Rochester where he carried on his duties as rabbi and from there came to Cleveland. In this city he found constant opportunities for work and the expression of his generous character nearly forty years. He was an ardent worker in the religious, ecclesiastic, educational and social circles. He worked hard for the welfare and good treatment of both the native and the stranger, the old settlers and the new corners, the poor and the needy, sheltering time and again wayfarers and superannuated rabbis in his own scanty apartments and sharing with them his food, drink and raiment, his insignificant salary and small earnings notwithstanding. He was goodness incarnate and kindness personified, having a smile, an expression of comfort and a cheerful word for one and all at all times and seasons. He was a member of both Anshe Emeth and Ohavei Amunah Synagogues, Montefiore Lodge, Independent Order B'rith Abraham, Knights of Joseph and B'nai Isaac Society, and president of Burial Society of Hessed shel Emeth and Ladies Free Loan Society of Gem iluth Hassodim. He was also chairman for all funds collected in Cleveland to be used for religious objects at Jerusalem. It is characteristic that a great majority of his kindly deeds were never heralded abroad, and one of his most dominant traits was his modesty. It was a signal tribute to his work and character that one of the largest outpourings of Jewish people ever seen in Cleveland appeared as mourners at his funeral. He was laid to rest in the cemetery of the Anshe Emeth Congregation. Rabbi Rothschild was survived by his widow, and by twelve children, four sons and eight daughters, all of whom have grown up and have become useful and respected citizens of Cleveland. ISIDORE J. ROTHSCHILD with his brother Julius compose the firm known as "Rothschild" real estate brokers with offices in the American Trust Building. This is a firm of aggressive and successful young men, both experts in their line, and has done an important business in general real estate. They also handle loans and insurance. I. J. Rothschild of this firm was born at Cleveland November 9, 1881, son of the late Rabbi Elias Rothschild, elsewhere referred to in this publication. As a boy the son attended the Cleveland public schools, including the Central High School, and his first business experience was in a drug store. It was his intention at the time to become a druggist, but he abandoned this because his employers insisted that while learning the drug trade he also do duty as a soda clerk. Later for a time he was employed in the jewelry establishment of The Charles Ettinger Company in the Taylor Arcade. He was there seven years, and then in 1908 went in the real estate business for himself. He opened his first office in the Williamson Building alone, and sought a clientage about the time the panic of 1907 was still severely felt in all business circles. From the Williamson Building he removed to the Engineers Building, where he was one of the first tenants. In October, 1917, the firm moved to the American Trust Building. In 1912 Mr. Rothschild organized The Sixth City Realty Company for the purpose of buying property near Euclid Avenue and East 105th Street. After this property was sold in December. 1917, and the object of the company having been realized its organization was abandoned. Mr. Rothschild has two big interests in life, his business and his home, and other things 252 - CLEVELAND AND ITS ENVIRONS are subsidiary to those. However, he is well known in charitable and civic circles. He is affiliated with the Knights of Pythias, the Independent Order of B'nai B'rith, Independent Aid Society, Federation of Jewish Charities, is a contributor to the Denver Consumptive Sanitarium at Denver, Colorado, and a yearly contributor to the schools of New York City for the education of young rabbis. He worships as a member of Anshe Emeth Congregation, with which his father was formerly connected, and was also in the Euclid Avenue Temple. His wife is a member of the Temple organization and of the Jewish Infants Orphans Home. September 10, 1913, Mr. Rothschild married Miss Dora Mendelson, daughter of Jacob and Ella (Ettinger) Mendelson, who have been residents of Cleveland more than forty years and now retired. Mrs. Rothschild was for ten years a successful teacher in the Cleveland public schools, was educated here and is a graduate of the Central High School and the Cleveland Normal. Mr. and Mrs. Rothschild have one daughter, Alice. JULIUS ROTHSCHILD is a son of the late Rabbi Elias Rothschild of Cleveland, and a brother of I. J. Rothschild, with whom he is associated under the name "Rothschild" real estate brokers in the American Trust Building. Julius Rothschild was born in Cleveland April 8, 1886, was educated in the public schools, and from school went to work with The Charles Ettinger Company, a prominent jewelry house of Cleveland. After several years of active experience, he joined his brother in 1912, and in the past five years has become one of the expert men in Cleveland business affairs, and has made the firm one of the leading ones of the kind in the city. Julius Rothschild is affiliated with the Knights of Pythias, with the Independent Order of B'nai B 'rith, and is unmarried. CAPT. ROBERT L. QUEISSER. Next to the national flag itself perhaps the most familiar emblem of war times in America is the "service flag," with its star or stars representing individuals from the home, the church, the business or the factory who are serving under the colors in the uniform of a soldier. Probably not one person in a thousand knows the originator and inventor of this service flag. He is a Cleveland man, for many years prominent in business circles, and has a personal record of military service with the Ohio National Guard organization, having been in command of the Machine Gun Company of the Fifth Regiment Ohio Infantry on the Mexican border in 1916-17. Capt. Robert L. Queisser is the originator and designer of the service flag. The service flag and pennants and all manner of novelties using the Service Flag design are now being made all over the United States. Captain Queisser has been well known in Ohio military circles for a number of years. His record reads as follows : Regimental adjutant, Third Regiment Infantry Ohio National Guard; battalion adjutant, Seventh Regiment Infantry ; captain-commissary and captain Machine Gun Company, Fifth Regiment Infantry ; and four years aide-de-camp on the staff of Governor Judson Harmon. Robert L. Queisser was born at Indianapolis, Indiana, August 9, 1866, son of Julius and Caroline Jeanette (Schliebitz) Queisser. He was educated in the grammar and high schools of Indianapolis and the Indianapolis Business College, and spent a number of years of his earlier life in railroad work. He left a responsible position in the traffic department of the Baltimore & Ohio to become manager of The Ohio Press Brick Company at Zanesville. This was one of the subsidiary companies of The Hydraulic Pressed Brick Company, of St. Louis, Missouri. Since then he has gained wide prominence among the clay products manufacturers of the country. He was with the Ohio Press Brick Company five years, and then, with William H. Hunt and C. A. Bliss, organized The Hunt-Queisser-Bliss Company of Cleveland. This firm engaged in the brick and builders' supply business. In 1911 Captain Queisser acquired the Hunt interests and the name of the firm was changed to The Queisser-Bliss Company, and in 1915 to The R. L. Queisser Company. Captain Queisser is a former president of the Brick Builders Association of America, was for five years secretary. of The Ohio Face Brick Manufacturing Association, and for three years secretary and treasurer of the Face Brick Dealers Association of America, is president and general manager of The R. L. Queisser Company, and a member of the Cleveland Builders Exchange and the Cleveland Engineering Society. He is also a director of The Doan Savings & Loan Association, The Guardian Mortgage Company and president of The Oak Investment Company. While a resident of Zanesville Captain Queisser also served as president of its cham- CLEVELAND AND ITS ENVIRONS - 253 ber of commerce. He is past exalted ruler of Springfield Lodge No. 51, Benevolent and Protective Order of Elks and is past grand esteemed leading knight of the order. In Masonry he is affiliated with Windermere Lodge No. 627, Free and Accepted Masons, is past high priest Windermere Chapter No. 203, Royal Arch Masons ; is thrice illustrious master of Windermere Council No. 113, Royal and Select Masters and past commander Coeur de Lion Commandery No. 64, Knights Templar; Scioto Consistory, Ancient Accepted Scottish Rite Thirty-second Degree, and is a member of Al Koran Temple Mystic Shrine and Al Sirat Grotto. He was past vicegerent snark of Ohio, Concatenated Order of Hoo Hoos, and in 1913 was president of the Cleveland Rotary Club and later was a director of the International Association. He is a member of the Hermit. Club, Cleveland Athletic Club, Tippecanoe Club, Masonic Club, Cleveland Automobile Club, and is a member and was a director in 1914 of the Cleveland Chamber of Commerce. Captain Queisser's business offices are in the Schofield Building. At Springfield, Ohio, November 24, 1887, he married Miss Jessie L. Fried. They have two sons, Charles Fried and Robert L., Jr., both now serving as first lieutenants in the army. CHARLES LINCOLN STOCKER. In legal circles at Cleveland the name of Mr. Stocker is associated with sound ability and substantial success as a lawyer and outside of his profession he has come to be widely known in the city by his active connection with various civic and business organizations. His professional career covers nearly twenty years, and he is a member of the firm Young, Stocker & Fenner, with offices in the Society for Savings Building. For a number of years Mr. Stocker was associated with the late Judge Carpenter, of the Appellate Court. The family associations of Mr. Stocker connect him with some of Ohio's earliest and most interesting history. Through his mother he is a great-grandson of David Peter. The name of David Peter is found in Howe's Historical Collection of Ohio, where he is represented as one of the pioneers of the state. He was a member of the Moravian sect, and came from Bethlehem, Pennsylvania, to Ohio as one of the followers of the great Moravian missionary, David Zeisberger. David Peter arrived in Ohio in 1797 and was appointed a merchant by the Moravian Society, and in 1798 opened the first store in Eastern Ohio, trading with the Delaware Indians of the Tuscarawas Valley. The historic center of the Moravian movement was Gnadenhutten, Tuscarawas County. The Moravian missionaries had made their first effort to Christianize the Indians there in 1772. Congress gave them a grant of 12,000 acres of land in the Tuscarawas Valley, but this land subsequently reverted to the Government. David Peter died and was buried at Gnadenhutten. The Stocker family is of Swiss ancestry, and were colonial settlers at Easton, Pennsylvania. Solomon Stocker, father of the Cleveland lawyer, was born in Tuscarawas County, Ohio, in 1838, and celebrated his eightieth birthday in January, 1918. Before the war he became acquainted with Abraham Lincoln, then a practising lawyer at Springfield, Illinois, and is one of the few men now living who "knew Lincoln," and his unbounded admiration for that great president and statesman led him to name his son in his honor. Solomon Stocker promptly took up the cause of the Union when the Civil war broke out, volunteered his services and for four long years of the struggle followed the flag and did every duty assigned him. He was first a private in Company I, of the 30th Ohio Volunteer Infantry, and subsequently was a noncommissioned officer as a hospital steward. He was slightly wounded three times, but never left active service, and at the conclusion of his first term re-enlisted as a veteran. He has served as commander of his Grand Army Post. In a business way his career is notable as a farmer. While in active life he owned three large farms in Tuscarawas County, and it was a matter of pride with him to keep these farms in the most perfect condition. His fields represented an acme of cultivation, the equipment was always the best, and he was very succesful with live stook. In a public way he has served as township trustee, and has long been active in church and Sunday school work. During the past twenty-seven years it is said that he has missed only two or three sessions of church or Sunday school. Solomon Stocker married Miss Julia E. Peter, a granddaughter of the Moravian settler above named. She died in April, 1910, at the age of sixty-seven. Their six children are still living, three daughters and three sons, Charles Lincoln being the oldest. Mary Agnes, now at home, received the degree A. B. from the Teachers College of Columbia University, New York, and has taught in the Asbury Park schools of New Jersey. Egar A., the third 254 - CLEVELAND AND ITS ENVIRONS child graduated from Oberlin College A. B. did considerable educational work in high school and also in the schools of Collinwood and Youngstown, Ohio, and is now treasurer of the Youngstown Ice Company, one of the principal firms dealing in ice and builders supplies in the state of Ohio. James A. graduated with the degree Civil Engineer from Ohio State University and is now chief engineer of the Toledo and, Ohio Central Railway. Jessie L. finished her education in the Musical Conservatory of Oberlin College, and is now the wife of Frederick W. Taylor, who is at the head of the agricultural department of the state institution at Durham, New Hampshire. Emma C., the youngest child, is a graduate in the classical course of Oberlin College, took special work in physical training, and is now the wife of William Fendrich, of New York City, at present employe as inspector of electrical equipment on the great American battleships. Charles Lincoln was born at the old family home in Gnadenhutten Tuscarawas county, Ohio, August 22, 1868. He was educated in the public schools of his home locality, at Oberlin College both in the academy and regular collegiate departments end graduated A. B. with the class of 1894. He is a graduate of the Gnadenhutten High School with the class of 1886. Mr. Stocker had considerable experience in educational work, having taught two years in the district schools and in the Collinwood High School, and for three years was an instructor in the city night schools of Cleveland. During one year in the Collinwood High School he was assistant principal and practically performed all the duties of that office since the principal was absent on account of illness. Mr. Stocker took his law work in Western Reserve University Law School, graduating LL. B. in 1898 and was admitted to the bar in June of the same yeelece had in the meantime worked as office boy and clerk with the lawLincolnfchildpenter and Young, and six months after his graduation these lawyers offered him a partnership under the name Carpenter, Young & Stocker. This title existed in Cleveland law partnerships for sixteen years, from 1899, and was dissolved when Judge Carpenter was elevated to the Appellate Court Bench. Since, the firm has been Young, Stocker & Fenner. Mr. Stocker has specialized in probate law and corporation law, and much of his time has been taken with trusteeships. He is director and general counsel for The Guarantee Banking Company, is counsel for The Bankers Guaranteed Mortgage Company, and handles the work of a r number of other corporate interests. Since beginning practice Mr. Stocker has never withheld his active support and cooperation with any worthy public enterprise that seemed to need him. He is now president of the Board of Education of Bratenahl, is a director of Providence Hospital, is president of the Unitarian Club, member of the Cleveland Chamber of Commerce, the Cleveland Real Estate Board, the Civic Leave, Cleveland Bar Association, and National Security League, and in politics while nominally a republican is in these critical times a straightforward and undiluted American. In matters of local polities he gives his support to the best man. He served as solicitor for the Village of Collinwood nine years, until that suburb was incorporated in the city. Mr. Stocker retains his membership in the Sons of Veterans rgcounselt his old home town. His church is the First Unitarian of Cleveland. On October 6, 1900, Mr. Stocker married Miss Emma B. Parks of Cleveland. Mrs. Stocker belongs to a family of pioneers in Northern Ohio, Her grandfather . Sheldon Parks came from Conneeticut in 1834, and settled seven miles east of the Public Square of Cleveland on the shores of Lake Erie. It is a part of the old Parks estate, formerly a farm, that is now occupied by Mr. and Mrs. Stocker as their home.. This homestead comprises five acres on Lake Shore Boulevard at 13022. Mrs. Stocker is a daughter of Joseph and Maria Jane (Thorpe) Parks. The Thorpe family came to Cuyahoga County in the very first years of the last century. Mrs. Stocker's parents are both now deceased. She was educated in Cuyahoga County, and in 1898 graduated A. B. from Western Reserve Woman's College, and for two years was a teacher in the Collinwood, schools. She has served two terms as president of the Alumnae Association of her college and is now president of the Phi Kappa Zeta Sorority. She is active in Sunday School work as a teacher and is a member of the Red Cross. Mr. and Mrs. Stocker have a family of four sons and one aughter: Edgar Parks, JoseConnecticutan Arthur, Charles L. Jr., and Acmes Jane, all of whom were horn at the Stocker home on Lake Shore Boulevard. HON. JOSEPH S. BACKOWSKI, present representative from Cuyahoga County in the State CLEVELAND AND ITS ENVIRONS - 255 Legislature, began the practice of law here about four years .ago, and has found his way to success paved with the durable stones 1 g hard work, earnest and conscientious attention to every interest entrusted to his charge, and by a willingness to assume responsibilities in behalf of the community and the 1 people at large. Mr. Backowski was born in Cleveland September 24, 1889, of poor but hard working and respectable parents. He is a son of Stanislaw and Frances (Rucinski) Backowski. Stanislaw Backowski died January 16, 1918. Both parents were born in that part of Poland which is now under German rule, and they came to the United States when young people, first meeting in Cleveland. At that time Stanislaw Backowski was driver of a milk wagon at eight dollars a month. The father worked at various lines of employment as a young man to get a start and after being suc- cessful in various lines of industry he finally became proprietor of one of the best con- ducted meat markets in the city. Joseph S. Backowski was the second child of his parents. He was educated in the St. Stanislaus parochial school, graduated from the South High School with the Blass of 1909, then entered Adelbert College of Western Reserve University, and subsequently the law of the University, where he was graduated LL. B. in June, 1913. In the same year he was admitted to the bar and at once began practice in the Society for Savings Building, where he is located today. Mr. Baekowski has been a leader in democratic polities in Cuyahoga County since he began practice. In the fall of 1915 he was a candidate for councilman from the 14th ward. Among six candidates for that position he stood second and lacked less than a hundred votes of being elected. In the fall of 1916 he was a successful candidate for the State Legislature, elected for the term of two years. His presence in the legislature has been a matter of satisfaction to the entire county and especially to his constituents who loyally supported him. He has given careful attention to every matter that has come up during the session of 1917, and among other 'services he introduced the bill to permit cities and counties to make joint use of county buildings. Mr. Backowski is one of the oldest members of the Polish Chamber of Commerce of Cleveland, in which he is a director. He is unmarried. Vol II—17 EDWARD W. DISSETTE, in practice as a lawyer at Cleveland since 1902, is a son of the venerable Judge Thomas K. Dissette, the dean of the Cleveland bar, was for many years sc tively associated with his father and through his work and experience has gained a recognized place as an authority on real estate and tax law. Though Mr. Dissette has spent most of his life in Cleveland, he was born at Bradford, Ontario, Canada, which was also his father's birthplace. He was born November 3, 1867. A complete amount of the unusual record of his father Judge Thomas K. Dissette appears on other pages of this publication. Edward W. Dissette was educated in the Cleveland public schools, in Brooks Military Academy and in Baldwin University at Berea. He graduated from the law department of Baldwin University with the class of 1902 and the degree LL. B. Admitted to the Ohio bar in June of that year before the Supreme Court of Columbus, he began practice and from the first has had his offices in the building where he is today, the American Trust Building. Mr. Dissette practiced alone until his father retired from his service on the Common Pleas Bench, and there was then organized a firm consisting of the senior Dissette, and his two sons, Edward W. and George C. under the name Dissette, Dissette & Dissette. In February, 1912, George Dissette retired from the partnership and since then it has been T. K. and E. W. Dissette, a title still retained, though Judge Dissette has not been in active practice since 1915. Not only as a lawyer but in other ways Mr. Dissette has been closely identified with the fortune and welfare of his home city for many years. He served as city claim agent from 1895 to 1899, and was tax collector in 1908-09. He was deputy elerk of the Court of Common. Pleas from 1888 to 1892. He has proved himself a vigorous exponent of republican polities, and in .1911 was his party candidate for judge of Municipal Court, when that court was first organized. He was defeated, since in that year Cleveland went democratic by nineteen thousand votes during the Baker landslide. Mr. Dissette was a member of the Cleveland Grays from 1887 to 1891, and served as second lieutenant of the Fifth Ohio Volunteer Infantry from 1886 to 1899. He was with that regiment during the Spanish-American period with the rank of second lieutenant. He was on active duty about a year, but the regi- 256 - CLEVELAND AND ITS ENVIRONS ment never got further than Tampa, Florida. He still takes an active interest in military affairs, is a member of the Military Order of Foreign Wars, the Army and Navy Club and the Cramer Camp, Spanish-American War Veterans. Business interests also claim a large share of his attention. Mr. Dissette is secretary and a director of the Blaine Mining and Reduction Company of Colorado; is secretary of the Nichols Hat Company of Cleveland, and a director of the Macoban Realty Company of Cleveland. He belongs to the Ohio State Bar Association, the Cleveland Chamber of Commerce, to Woodward Lodge No. 508 F. and A. M., the Colonial Club, Cleveland Lodge No. 4 International Ship Masters Association of the Great Lakes, to the Cleveland Museum of Art, and is active in the Twentieth Ward Republican Club. Aside from his profession and business he finds his recreation chiefly in boating and other water sports. Mr. Dissette was married February 21, 1888, to Miss Ruth D. Morgan of Cleveland, daughter of Captain Arthur and Laura Dell (Bates) Morgan. Her mother is still living, and Captain Morgan was drowned at Alpena, Michigan, when Mrs. Dissette was a child. Mrs. Dissette finished her education in the Moravian Seminary at Bethlehem, Pennsylvania. They are the parents of two children. The daughter, Ruth Margaret, graduated from high school in 1914 and is now attending the Woman's College at Western Reserve University. The son, Thomas K. Dissette II, is a member of the class of 1918 in the Cleveland High School. CAPT. RUFUS C. SPROUL up to forty years ago was one of the best known mariners of the Great Lakes. Altogether he spent nearly forty years as a sailor and vessel captain on salt and fresh water seas, and while he was a familiar figure and well known in nearly. every port around the Great Lakes, he had a specially large following of friends and acquaintances of Cleveland, where he lived for many years. He was born in Windsor, Maine, February 22, 1821, and died at his home in Cleveland February 7, 1878, aged fifty-six years, eleven months, fifteen days. He was of Scotch-Irish ancestry. His family originated in Scotland, went from there to the north of Ireland, and thence came to America. Captain Sproul like many New England boys early evinced a fondness for the sea, and at the age of thirteen he enlisted for service on the ocean with a whaling vessel. In the course of his experience he rose through the various grades until he was captain of an ocean boat, and about 1845 he came to Cleveland and for many years sailed as a captain and officer on Great Lakes boats. During the last seven years of his life he was proprietor of a livery business on the west side of Cleveland. He came to be well known to all the older residents of the city and bore a reputation for probity and honor that is one of the best legacies he could have bequeathed to his children. He was also active in politics, an out and out republican, and at one time served as assistant street commissioner. He married Miss Lydia Blake, who is still living in Cleveland in her eighty-sixth year. She is of English ancestry and some of the Blakes came to America on the boat that followed the Mayflower to the bleak coasts of New England early in the seventeenth. century. Captain and Mrs. Sproul had seven children, five sons and two daughters. Four of them are still living. The oldest was Capt. William H. Sproul, who for over fifteen years followed the Great Lakes, part of the time as captain, and died at his headquarters in Chicago in the spring of 1914, aged sixty-two. The daughter, Ella, is now the wife of U. B. Hird, a farmer at Geneva, Ohio. Hattie is the wife of Dr. J. G. Lewis of Cleveland. Frank B. was in the livery business at Cleveland until his death in the fall of 1914, aged fifty-six. Ernest B. is connected with the Newburg & South Shore Railroad. The youngest of the family, Herbert R., is a well known Cleveland attorney. HERBERT RUFUS SPROUL has been one of the busy lawyers of Cleveland since his admission to the bar in 1899, and his activities as a lawyer have been both agreeable and profitable and have brought him high standing in the bar of his native city. Mr. Sproul was born in Cleveland June 3, 1875, a son of Capt. Rufus C. and Lydia (Blake) Sproul. Of his father, who died in 1878, a more complete account will be found on other pages. The mother, though eighty-six years of age, is still strong and active, and lives with her son, Herbert. Out of a family of seven, two daughters and two sons are still living. The youngest of the children, Herbert R. Sproul, was three years old when his father died and he grew up and received his early education in Cleveland. He is a graduate of CLEVELAND AND ITS ENVIRONS - 257 the West High School and took his law work in the law department of Western Reserve University, where he graduated Bachelor of Laws in 1898 and Doctor of Laws in 1899. After his admission to the bar in the fall of the latter year he began practice, was alone one year, and then formed a partnership with W. H. Hill under the name Sproul & Hill. For ten years this firm did a large and varied business with offices in the Society for Savings Building. The partnership was dissolved when Mr. Sproul undertook a commission to promote a sugar company in Cuba, and he was absent in that island about two years. Since his return to Cleveland he has resumed the practice of law as an individual, with offices in the Engineers Building for three years, but since 1913 his offices have been in the Rockefeller Building. He returned from Cuba in 1910. While he handles a general practice, much of his time is taken up with his duties as attorney and general counsel for the Locomotive Engineers' Mutual Life and Accident Insurance Association. This association, which furnishes insurance protection to the order Brotherhood of Locomotive Engineers, is one of the oldest companies of its kind in America, having been founded fifty years ago. The headquarters of the association are in Cleveland, and as its general counsel for the past four years Mr. Sproul has handled its legal work from all parts of the country. Mr. Sproul has appeared as a figure in local politics only once as a candidate, though he has always taken an active part in promoting the welfare of the republican organization. In 1905 he was a candidate for the state senate on the ticket headed by Governor Herrick, in which year the entire state ticket went down in defeat. For variation and pastime from his office Mr. Sproul indulges a more than passing interest in baseball, but his chief hobby and pleasure is chicken raising. This side issue is staged on his little two-acre farm at his home at Bay Village. In the season of 1917 Mr. Sproul raised 1,700 chickens of one of the best egg producing types known. Fraternally he is affiliated with Emanuel Lodge No. 605, Free and Accepted Masons, and with Al Sirat Grotto No. 17, M. O. V. P. E. R. He was formerly very prominent in the Improved Order of Red Men in. Cuyahoga Tribe, served six years on the state board of appeals of the order, filled all the local chairs, and resigned the former office in 1908, when he went to Cuba. He is a member of the Ohio State Bar Association, the Cleveland Bar Association, the Civic League of Bay Village, and attends worship at the Methodist Episcopal Church. June 30, 1912, he married Miss Ellen M. Quinn, of Lakewood, daughter of John and Mary (Wilkins) Quinn, both of whom live at Youngstown, where Mrs. Sproul was born and educated. VERNON H. BURKE. The tendency of the able lawyer to become identified in increasing measure with business affairs is illustrated in the case of the late Vernon H. Burke, whose position at the Cleveland bar was one of highest standing and who for years enjoyed a practice that would satisfy the desires of the most ambitious attorney. At the same time he had almost as many interests in a business way as in the direct line of his profession. And the decided versatility of his mind is shown in the fact, that though burdened with material affairs, he paid. constant and devoted attention to the realm of pure literature and the humanities. An able lawyer, a business man, a one time leader in republican politics, and devoted friend of charity and civic welfare, Cleveland felt and expressed a sense of heavy loss in the death of Mr. Burke, which occurred at the Charity Hospital, following an operation for appendicitis, on January 10, 1918. He was born at Saybrook, Ashtabula County, Ohio, December 22, 1866. His father, John F. Burke, was born in Dublin, Ireland, and came to America at the age of fourteen, locating in Ashtabula County, Ohio. Mr. Burke's mother was Minerva C. (Stewart) Burke. Her father was A. M. Stewart, of New York State, a distant relative of the great New York merchant, A. T. Stewart. That Mr. Burke possessed the qualities of an unusual mind is shown by the rapidity with which he assimilated knowledge and covered the various courses of schools and colleges as a boy. He attended the district schools of Saybrook, also had a course in Bryant & Stratton's Business College, and at the age of fifteen entered Canisius College at Buffalo, New York. On returning home he took up the study of telegraphy, and was soon pronounced a proficient operator. At sixteen he entered Notre Dame University at South Bend, Indiana, and in 1886, at the age of twenty, he received from that institution degrees representing the completion of satisfactory work in four different departments of the univer- 258 - CLEVELAND AND ITS ENVIRONS sity. The degrees from Notre Dame are LL. B., S. 13., A. B., and C. E. He was soon afterwards admitted to the Indiana bar and the Ohio State bar and then removed to Cleveland. For a year and a half Mr. Burke was connected with the law offices of Everett, Dellenbaugh & Weed. He then formed his first partnership with Capt. M. 13. Gary under the name of Gary & Burke. In the law his success was due not so much to specialization as to the handling of a broad general practice. For over a quarter of a century he handled a voluminous practice, involving nearly every branch of the civil and criminal law, and in recent years had specialized in automobile law. Ile defended more automobile cases than any other lawyer in the United States and became a recognized authority on all branches of the law governing that industry. At the time of his death Mr. Burke was a director in a large number of Cleveland business enterprises and his sound judgment was a well recognized source of power and helpfulness to the success of many of these concerns. Whether in meeting with clients or business associates or with his friends, Mr. Burke always was pronounced a most genial gentleman. He was an eloquent orator and at one time an active leader in local and state republican politics. However, only once did he turn aside from his devotion to the law and business into the field of practical politics. In 1897 he was nominated by his party as candidate for state senator. He made an aggressive and hard fought campaign, one that attracted much attention over the state, and was elected in the following November. After his term he retired from office and his service in the State Senate from 1897 to 1899 was the only position he ever filled by election. But this single term constitutes an important record in itself. He was the author of much legislation which met with opposition at the time of its enactment, but which is now greatly appreciated by residents of Cleveland. This legislation provided for the expenditure of millions of dollars for the establishment and maintenance of Cleveland Park, the Market House and the new City Hall, which has been built under authority of one of his bills. That he had some insight into the future and some conception of the requirements of a city like Cleveland is evidenced by the fact that although there was bitter opposition to his ideas of building boulevards, parks and public buildings, his City Hall bill having once been defeated and the other projects considered useless expenditures, yet after a period of years this legislation meets with the approval of the people and materially assisted in making Cleveland one of the most attractive cities in the country. The story is told that in order to get favorable consideration for his City Hall Bill Mr. Burke brought the state senators to Cleveland in a body and conducted them through the old city hall to show them the necessity for a new municipal building. Another project of his legislative work was his authorship of what is known as the "Burke Ten Per Cent Bill" which permits grocers, merchants and all who furnish the necessaries of life to enforce payment from delinquent debtors by subjecting ten per cent of their wages or salaries to the processes devised by this law. This bill met with opposition throughout the state but was finally passed and still stands on the statute books and is continually being used by the courts and has had a very salutary effect in inducing the payments of debts for the necessities of life, as well as correcting an evil which had existed since Ohio was made a state. From 1898 to 1900 Mr. Burke was a trustee of the Ohio Republican League. He was a close personal friend of the late Senator Foraker, and politically was allied with the Foraker element of the republican party and took part in all of those great contests known as "the Foraker-Hanna fights of Ohio." He was a great friend of the late Asa S. Bushnell, and represented the legislative interests of the state administration while Mr. Bushnell was governor of Ohio. He was the leader in the opposition to the election of M. A. Hanna to the United States Senate and came within one vote of accomplishing Hanna's defeat. Reference has already been made to his eloquence as a lawyer. He was more than an eloquent speaker, was a master of logic and repeatedly aroused the admiration of all his contemporaries at the bar by his ability, regarded as second to none, to marshal facts before a jury. It was this power which made him one of the best trial lawyers in Cleveland. He often won eases through his sheer ability to sway a jury, and one of his former legal associates says that Mr. Burke enjoyed no part of his profession more than his formal and extemporaneous speeches before juries. That was his forte, whereas many lawyers fail of the highest success because of some distinctive CLEVELAND AND ITS ENVIRONS - 259 version to or failure of adequate performance a that one department. He was in his real lement in court work, and it was the constant encouragement of repeated successes that brought him the heaviest burdens of trial and ourt practice, and accounted for the reputation he long had of having tried more cases han any lawyer now practicing at the Cleveland bar. Mr. Burke was a liberal giver to Cleveland harities and identified himself actively with hose organizations that represented the city's ivic and social spirit. He was a member of he Chamber of Commerce and Chamber of Industry, and of the Cleveland Athletic Club, he Willowick Club, the City Club, and was one of the founders and president of the Ashtabula County Society of Cleveland. While so much of his life was spent in contact with men and affairs, he was none the ess a devotee of the standard and classical Literature. It is said that he possessed one of the most complete private libraries in Cleveland. Mr. Burke enjoyed an ideal family life. In 1893 he married Miss Tillie H. Hahn of Cleveland. She still occupies her old home at 2064 East 81st Street, and only a short time before his death Mr. Burke had completed remodeling a new family residence at Plainesville. Mrs. Burke has one son, Vernon H. Burke, Jr. JOHN F. RUST, SR. Not at any time in the last half century could the fortune and welfare of Cleveland as a city be said to depend upon any one individual or even a half dozen men. The city is too great, too complex in its activities, and represents the force and energy of thousands and hundreds of thousands of participating lives, But moving through and vitalizing the mass have been many conspicuous individuals, bulwarks of power and prestige, and whose names and careers are emblematic of what Cleveland as a city means to the world. Of these individuals one of the most noteworthy was the late John F. Rust, Sr., who lived in Cleveland over thirty years and died in that city August 9, 1899. He was of New England birth and parentage, born at Rutland, Vermont, June 15, 1835. His parents were Amasa and Charlotte (Ward) Rust, and he was the youngest of their five sons and three daughters. When he was two years old the family came west to Marine City, Michigan, where he grew to manhood and attended the public schools. At the age of eighteen he went to work as an engineer in his brother's aw mill. Soon afterward he was in the lumber business at Saginaw with his brothers. He also became connected with the firm Ward Brothers, prominent ship owners and lumbernen. Mr. Rust came from Saginaw to Cleveland in 1865 and used his experience and capital o establish one of the leading lumber firms of the city under the name Rust, King & Company. Later this firm was Rust, King & Clint. lumber merchants their interests covered a Aide field, and the business was conducted on profitable lines for many years. Mr. Rust finally retired from the lumber trade in 1883. In that year he was associated with Messrs. King, Newcomb, Leuty and other business nen in founding the Citizens Savings & Trust Company of Cleveland. Mr. Rust became a director and vice president, and the founding if the business on conservative and safe lines was largely due to his activity and management in the first years. He continued as vice president of the Citizens Savings & Trust Company many years, was vice president of the Western Reserve National Bank, and was a stockholder in every national bank in Cleveland. Much of his wealth vas also represented in large real estate holdings. He owned property on Euclid Avenue and in the downtown district, and he was also an owner of vessel interests on the Great Lakes and in the mining districts of the West and in the lumber fields of Michigan. His name is otherwise remembered than merely as a successful business man. It is said that he never allowed personal interests or ambition to dwarf his public spirit or activity. He was an influential member of the Chamber of Commerce and Chamber of Industry, was a director of the Huron Street Hospital, was a trustee and a liberal supporter of the Second Presbyterian Church and a member of the Union Club, Euclid Club, Colonial Club, Roadside Club, and Gentleman's Driving Club. He was also a Master Mason. Outside of home his chief recreation was found in driving and the management of good horses. December 15, 1863, at Saginaw, Michigan, Mr. Rust married Miss W. A. Smith, daughter of Isaac and Weltheina (Stevens) Smith. Her father was at one time a jeweler at Knowlesville. New York, where Mrs. Rust was born in 1845. Mrs. Rust died at Philadelphia in December, 1909, just ten years after her husband passed away. She was the mother 260 - CLEVELAND AND ITS ENVIRONS of five children : Frank P., who was born in Saginaw in 1864 and died in California in 1901; Gertrude, who married George N. Chandler of Cleveland; Charlotte, who married Wilson Potter of Philadelphia; Clara, wife of W. E. Brigham, Providence, Rhode Island ; John F., Jr., a resident of Cleveland. GEORGE F. HART. That George F. Hart is a very capable Cleveland business man his many friends and associates abundantly testify, and his position as one of the executive officers of the great Guardian Savings and Trust Company is one that makes further commentary on that subject superfluous. There has been nothing spectacular in Mr. Hart's career. It has consisted of a quiet and faithful performance of duty, beginning in a humble position, and is a record of service from boyhood to mature manhood in banking. He was born at Allegan, Michigan, December 25, 1872, and he received his first instruction in that little city in the public schools. When he was eleven years of age his parents moved to LaPorte, Indiana, where he continued to attend public school until he was sixteen. At that early date in his career he found a position according with his experience and abilities in the bank of A. P. Andrew, Jr., and Son at LaPorte. Larger responsibilities were given him as he proved himself capable, and when he left the LaPorte Bank on February 1, 1900, he had been occupying the position of teller for some time. From LaPorte Mr. Hart came to Cleveland, and his service with the Guardian Savings & Trust Company has been continuous since that date. He worked as clerk in different departments, in 1901 entering the trust department, was subsequently promoted to assistant treasurer, was then elected treasurer, and is now the second vice president. He has specialized in the handling of the trust department of this great bank, and nearly all of his seventeen years service has been in that department. Mr. Hart is a member of the Cleveland Athletic Club, Hermit Club, City Club, Chamber of Commerce, and he is a republican and a member of the Episcopal Church. At LaPorte, Indiana, October 17, 1894, he married Miss Sarah Whiting. Their one child, Helen Cornelia, is a graduate of the Cleveland public schools and is now attending LaSalle Seminary at Auburndale, Massachusetts. MICHAEL ALBL. Cleveland has every reason to be proud of its Bohemian population. They constitute a body of useful and industrious citizens and nowhere are American ideals better exemplified than in the Bohemian quarter. Fifty years ago there was a mere handful of Bohemians in Cleveland. One of the pioneers of this nationality was the late Michael Albl, who died at his home 4944 Broadway Southeast, April 4, 1916. He lived in Cleveland nearly half a century. He attained business success and great influence; 'particularly among his own people. He was born at Stenovic, Province of Pilzen, Bohemia. He first came to the United States and located at Cleveland at the close of the Civil war in 1865. His father, Joseph Albl, came with him to the United States, but his mother, then an invalid, was unable to make the trip. His father in time became dissatisfied and lonely and Michael also went back to Bohemia mainly for the purpose of accompanying his father to his native land. Joseph Albl died in Bohemia at the advanced age of ninety-five, while his wife died at ninety-three. Before coming to America Michael Albl married Catherine Pech, who was born in a little hamlet or village near Stenovic, Bohemia. Both were quite young when they left the old country and settled at Cleveland. Michael Albl was a cooper by trade and for a time was employed in that line for the firm of Rockefeller and Andrews. He was also a musician and his skill in that art furnished him other means of earning a living. After a short time he engaged in the grocery business, and was developing a promising trade before he went back 'to the old country with his father. In the latter part of 1873 Michael Albl again returned to America and came to Cleveland and resumed the grocery business which has been continued since his retirement by his son, Joseph, at 4950 Broadway Southeast. It is one of the largest stores in that section of the city and is a monument to the business enterprise of the late Michael Albl. His first location was at the corner of Broadway and what is now Forty-ninth Street, but he sold that corner and bought property about half a block away on Broadway. He continued in business there until 1892, when he retired, and after that was in the real estate and insurance business and became connected with a number of enterprises. He was one of the organizers of The Forest City Brewing Company and its first president, an office he filled until his death. For several years he was treasurer of the Svet Printing and CLEVELAND AND ITS ENVIRONS - 261 Publishing Company, publishers of the Bohemian daily newspaper of that name. Mr. Albl represented a fine type of citizenship. He was public spirited to a marked degree and concerned himself with everything that was connected with the city welfare. He was a power in politics in his ward and at one time served as a waterworks trustee. He was a director of The Broadway Savings and Loan Company. He belonged to Bratim V. Kruhu Branch No. 22 of the Bohemian Slavonic Benevolent Society (C. S. P. S.), was a member of the Bohemian Old Settlers' Association and of Branch No. 60, Knights of Pythias. Mr. Albl's good wife died at Cleveland, November 20, 1901, at the age of fifty-eight. They reared six sons, all of whom have become good and useful citizens in Cleveland. Joseph M. is a grocer on Broadway and has taken over the business originally established by his father there. Dr. M. A. is a successful physician and surgeon. Edward J. is a prominent Cleveland lawyer. Frank E. and Oswald E. are both pharmacists and conduct the drug store on Broadway known as Albl Brothers Pharmacy. Dr. Charles J., the youngest, is also a physician and surgeon. The sons were all born in Cleveland except Edward J., who was born in the old country after his parents had returned there. The sons now all live along Broadway, in the same community, where their honored father and mother settled over fifty years ago. EDWARD J. ALBIJ, attorney at law in the Society for Savings Building, has attained a substantial degree of success in the legal profession, has a fine reputation and enviable business connections in this city. He is one of the six sturdy sons, all prominent in Cleveland business life, of the late Michael and Catherine (Poch) Albl, Bohemian pioneers of Cleveland whose lives are made matter of record on other pages. Of these sons, Edward J. is the only one not a native of Cleveland. As related elsewhere, his parents went back to Bohemia after some years of residence in Cleveland and while in that country Edward J. Albl was born at Stenovic in the Province of Pilzen, September 2, 1873. When he was three months of age his parents returned to Cleveland and he has spent practically all his life in this city. Mr. Albl attended the public schools graduating from the Central High School with the class of 1892. Both inclination and opportunity led him to the legal profession. Soon after leaving high school he entered the law office of Frank Friend, one of the oldest practicing Bohemian attorneys in Cleveland. Mr. Albl remained in Mr. Friend's office studying law and giving faithful attention to such duties as were assigned him by his preceptor and continued a factor in the Friend law office even while a student in the Western Reserve University Law School. He was in law school three years, and then took the State Bar examination at Columbus and was admitted to practice in December, 1904. Even after setting up as an attorney for himself he kept an office with Mr. Friend, though they had no partnership relations. Thus for more than twelve years he was daily associated with Mr. Friend. Mr. Albl is in the general practice as a lawyer, and among his influential connections is counsel for the Broadway Savings and Trust Company of Cleveland, the Forest City Brewing Company and counsel and Director of the Home Investment Company. While independent in politics he has strong leanings toward the democratic faith. He is a member of Newburgh Lodge No. 379, Free and Accepted Masons; Palacky Lodge of the Knights of Pythias, the Bohemian Turners, C. E. C. H., and the Bohemian Benevolent organization known as C. S. P. S. He is a member and was formerly a director of the South End Chamber of Enterprise and belongs to the Cleveland Bar and the Ohio State Bar associations. His favorite diversions are baseball and motoring and he is a member of the Cleveland Automobile Club. On August 22, 1898, he married Miss. Rose M. Mally of Cleveland, daughter of Peter and Antoinette (Simek) Mally, an old Bohemian family of Cleveland. Her parents are now deceased. Her father was a gardener by trade. Mrs. Albl was born at Cleveland and was educated in the city schools. She has made her home the center of her best affections and interests and participates to only a limited degree in club and social affairs. Two children were born to their marriage. The daughter Eleanor Rose was born June 16, 1900, and died June 11, 1907. The son Edward J., Jr., was born at Cleveland February 4, 1909. RICHARD EDWARD DEVNEY, a resident of Cleveland since 1902, is one of the leaders in real estate circles and has specialized and concentrated his work almost entirely in Euclid 262 - CLEVELAND AND ITS ENVIRONS Avenue property. Mr. Devney had a thorough and interesting experience as a business man and salesman before entering the real estate field at Cleveland, and is member of an old and well known Ashtabula family. He was born in Cattaraugus County, New York, July 31, 1868, a son of James P. and Margaret F. (Jordan) Devney. His father, a native of Ireland, left the old country at the age of fourteen and satisfied by long experience his boyish longing for the sea. He sailed on the ocean for a number of years and finally settled at Quebec, Canada, where he learned the trade of ship building. In 1851 at Quebec he married and about 1860 moved to Buffalo, New York, and from there to Cattaraugus County. In 1869 he came to Ohio, first locating at Conneaut. In all these years he was working as a practical ship builder. At Conneaut he took charge of the shipyards of the late M. Capron and supervised the building and outfitting of many of the old time sailing vessels that came out of that yard and played their part in Great Lakes transportation. He was more than a thoroughly competent mechanic, and in 1877, moving to Ashtabula, established a shipyard of his own and it is still in business and known as Devney's Shipyard. He constructed a large number of boats of different types, and developed a large and successful business. His death occurred in Ashtabula in 1894 when about seventy years of age. His widow came to Cleveland with other members of the family in 1903 and died in this city December 20, 1914. At Ashtabula James Devney also invested his surplus capital in the building of numerous homes, which he kept for renting purposes, and left a large estate at the time of his death. He and his wife reared a family of ten children, five sons and five daughters, and four of the sons and two of the daughters are still living, some of them in Ashtabula and some in Cleveland. One of the oldest sons, John P., was for a number of years deputy collector of customs at Ashtabula and is now in the real estate business there. He has succeeded his father as manager of the Devney Shipyard. Another son, Henry J., was successor to his brother John and is now active head of the Devney Shipyard, having conducted the business for the last twelve years. Richard E. Devney was educated in the public schools of Conneaut and Ashtabula, attended New Lyme College in Ashtabula County, taking a commercial course, and following school work he learned the ship caulk er's trade. For a time he also had a practical experience as a. seaman on the Great Lakes. Beginning in the fall of 1890 he was for a year and a half associated with his brother John in the real estate business at Ashtabula. In June, 1892, Mr. Devney became a traveling salesman for a manufacturing company in West Virginia. He was with this firm a number of years and in that time traveled over nearly the entire United States, covering many thousands of miles annually and placing business for the company in thirty-seven different. states. In August, 1902, Mr. Devney, having left the arduous work of the road, located in Cleveland and entered the real estate general brokerage business. Since 1907 he has specialized in property along the principal thoroughfare of the city. He is one of the reliable representative men of his business in Cleveland and has a thorough understanding of real estate values and business opportunities here. He is a member of the Cleveland Real Estate Board, which he served as president in 1916, a member of the National Association of Real Estate Boards, and is on the Governing Board of the Ohio Association of Real Estate Boards. In the fall of 1917 he was captain of one of the teams of the Cleveland Real Estate Board for the sale of Liberty Bonds and stood fourth in the list of captains. One of his chief interests for a number of years has been in building up organizations to work in the interests of the orphan asylums of Cleveland. He is a member of St. Thomas parish and active in the Knights of Columbus. His skill and ability as a promoter received significant testimony during his work in connection with several of the local Guilds. For two years, in 1909-10, he was president of St. Joseph's Guild. He was elected to that office when the Guild had a membership of 112. Before the two years of his term were over there were 900 active working members and the Guild was an institution of power and influence and its work has been going forward on the same high plane to which Mr. Devney brought it. After that he became president of St. Anthony's Guild, and here had similar success during 1911. The membership of forty at the beginning was 539 by the close of his term. In 1913 he became president of St. Vincent's Guild, which had only forty-eight active members. In six months' time the active membership was 900, and by the end of the year was 1,200, while today 2,400 persons are giving their loyalty and their work to this organi- CLEVELAND AND ITS ENVIRONS - 263 nation. Mr. Devney is now identified only in a general supervisory and advisory way with these institutions, and was well satisfied to build them up and give them the vitality and power which their place in the scheme of correlated church activities deserve. Mr. Devney, who is unmarried, is a member of the City Club, the Civic League, the Cleveland Chamber of Commerce, Highland Park Club, and the Ashtabula County Society of Cleveland. He finds his recreation in golf. His home is at 9917 South Boulevard. WILLIAM E. DONNELLY, though now living retired in Portage County, is one of the widely known men of Cleveland, where for over a third of a century he enjoyed the prominence of an authority in various branches of the patent law. He was born at Cleveland, May 20, 1855, was educated in the public schools, and early in his career went to work for the late General Leggett in handling different branches of patent examinations and causes. His ability as a patent expert brought him into more active association with General Leggett and for a number of years he was member of the firm M. D. Leggett & Company. After the dissolution of this firm in 1896 Mr. Donnelly became a member of Lynch, Dorer & Donnelly, patent attorneys, from which he withdrew in 1899 and thereafter practiced alone until 1908, when his son became associated with him under the name W. E. and J. J. Donnelly. Mr. Donnelly retired from practice October 1, 1917, and the business of the firm is now handled by his son, John J. Donnelly. William E. Donnelly was admitted to the Ohio bar in 1892. He is a former member of the Knights of Pythias, a member of the Early Settlers Association of Cuyahoga County, and since retiring from practice has lived at Mantua in Portage County. His first wife was Mary O'Brien of Cleveland, who died in February, 1892, leaving six children, three sons and three daughters, all living except one daughter. These children are : Lillian, a milliner at Cleveland ; Edna, wife of Virgil J. Terrell, present state senator from Cuyahoga County; Albert B., a draftsman and designer for The Born Steel Range Company of Cleveland ; William F., a captain in the regular United States Army now stationed at Fort William McKinley in the Philippine Islands, and John J., who is successor to his father's patent law business. William E. Donnelly married in March, 1894, Miss Albertina W. Schraner of Cleveland. JOHN J. DONNELLY is one of the younger men in the legal profession in Cleveland, and for nearly ten years has been handling an increasing share of responsibilities as a patent attorney. He is a son of William E. Donnelly, who recently retired from practice as a patent lawyer, and during their association the firm was known as W. E. and J. J. Donnelly, the latter having succeeded to the business of the firm as patent experts and patent solicitors. John J. Donnelly was born at Cleveland, February 20, 1892, son of William E. and Mary (O'Brien) Donnelly. His mother died at his birth. The father retired from practice October 1, 1917. Further reference will be found to him and his career on other pages. John J. Donnelly is the youngest of six children. He was educated in the Cleveland public schools and also St. Thomas and Blessed Sacrament parochial schools, graduating from the latter. In 1906, at the early age of fourteen, he began the study of law with Judge George Schwan and also with his father, and became a regular fixture in his father's office in 1908. He was admitted to practice as a patent lawyer before the United States Patent Office in 1910 and is still carrying on his studies in the Baldwin Wallace College of Law, preparatory for admission to the Ohio bar. The large clientage of the former firm of W. E. and J. J. Donnelly has had every reason to express confidence and trust in the judgment and ability of the younger man, who is one of the leading specialists in Cleveland on patents, trade marks and many of the complicated subjects of patent and trade mark law. Mr. Donnelly is also well known in athletic circles, and is giving much of his time as a physical director to different institutions. He has been interested in Y. M. C. A. work since 1908, is the physical director for two orphans asylums, and is paid director of the Institutional Department of the Highland Congregational Church. He is a member of the Catholic Order of Foresters and of St. Patrick's Catholic Church. Mr. Donnelly resides at 12809 St. Clair Avenue. August 4, 1914, he married Miss Martha E. Buell of Cleveland. They were married at St. Aloysius Church. • She was born in Illinois, but was educated in Cleveland, being a graduate of the Lincoln High School. Her parents, George A. and Cora B. (Chancey) 264 - CLEVELAND AND ITS ENVIRONS Buell, still live at Cleveland, where her father is a carpenter. Mr. and Mrs. Donnelly have two children, George W. and Roberta M., both born in this city. RALPH BLUE. One of Cleveland's most accomplished lawyers, Ralph Blue began practice in that city ten years ago and his work has been mainly in the field of corporation law, a practice he has served with exceptional powers as a lawyer and also with striking business ability. Mr. Blue was born on a farm west of Lancaster in Fairfield County, Ohio, December 29, 1881. He is a son of George W. and Emma (Reber) Blue. Both parents were natives of the same section of Ohio and are now residents of Amanda, Ohio. Mr. Blue's great-grandfather Blue came into Fairfield County, Ohio, on horseback direct from Virginia. The Virginia location of the family was Blue's Gap. It is a name that has been identified with Virginia history since colonial times, and there is extant a genealogical work on the Virginia Blues. Through his mother Mr. Blue is descended from typical Yankees, who were pioneers of Fairfield County, Ohio. George W. Blue was an active farmer until 1912, but since then has lived in the Village of Amanda, where he has been active in banking. He was one of the men who established the Farmers and Merchants Banking Company of Amanda in 1906 and is now its vice president and a director. He also owns his farm of 400 acres near that village. Ralph was the second of three sons. Max B., the oldest, is a farmer near Lancaster, Ohio, and a graduate of the Ohio Northern University at Ada. Homer, the youngest, was always more interested in horses than in hooks, never attended college, and is now a successful farmer near Stoutsville, Ohio. All the sons were born on the old farm west of Lancaster, and were educated in the country schools and the high school at Amanda. Mr. Ralph Blue graduated from the Amanda High School in 1900. He then entered the Ohio Northern University at Ada, where he took both literary and law courses, and in 1904 was granted the degrees Bachelor of Science, Master of Science and Bachelor of Laws. In December, 1904, he was admitted to the bar and in January, 1905, began his practice at. Cleveland. Since then it has been a steady and sturdy climb to success. His first office was on one of the lower floors of the Society for Savings Building, and he has been in that building ever since, his office being now No. 1030. Mr. Blue has never had a partnership in practice. He is attorney and legal adviser .for a number of companies in Cleveland, and is also secretary and treasurer of the Nottingham Savings Bank of Cleveland, is interested in The Cascum Realty Company of Cleveland, and. is a director in several other corporations. Mr. Blue both preaches and practices the gospel of the outdoor life. His home is at Euclid, and he owns a considerable acreage there and takes special delight in developing and working his suburban farm. He raises chickens, rabbits and is a keen student of nature in its every aspect. He is also a trustee of public affairs at Euclid. Mr. Blue is a republican, and is a member of the Ohio State and Cuyahoga County bar associations. He was married November 19, 1912, to Miss Angie J. DeRico of Cleveland, where she was born and educated. Mrs. Blue is a daughter of John and Anna (Neilson) DeRico, old settlers of Cleveland. Her father is a railroad man and in the employ of the New York Central lines. Mr. and Mrs. Blue have one son, Robert Roy, born at Euclid September 28, 1913. GEORGE H. CHANDLER. Cleveland had a splendid exemplar of substantial business character in the person of the late George H. Chandler, who at the time of his death on Deeembd 9, 1910, was one of the city's oldest business men. He had lived here over half a century and until he retired fifteen years before his death his name was intimately associated with the grocery and provision business. He was born at Stroud, England, May 6, 1835, and was in his seventy-sixth year at his death. He was educated in his native village, and at the age of twenty-two, with nothing but his native ability and character and wholesome ambition to make himself useful in the world and accept the rewards the world gives for good service, he sot out for America and soon came to Cleveland. Here he entered the employ of his uncle; C. Chandler, whose name today is carried by the firm C. Chandler Sons, an old established commission house at Broadway and Central avenues, S. E. George H. Chandler spent ten years with his uncle and acquired a thorough knowledge of every branch of the foodstuffs and produce business. He left that firm to form a partnership with Mr. Abbott and they established the CLEVELAND AND ITS ENVIRONS - 265 grocery house of Chandler & Abbott. A few years later Mr. Abbott retired and sold his interest to W. C. Rudd, and in the reorganization which followed the name was changed to Chandler & Rudd. In 1895 Mr. Chandler sold out his interests to his partners in order to retire from business, and at that time the Chandler & Rudd Company was incorporated. Aside from business and home one of Mr. Chandler's most important associations was his membership of fifty years in the Euclid Avenue Baptist Church. During that time he filled the positions of trustee and deacon for a long period of years. He was a republican voter, did much for his party's welfare and the upbuilding of the city, but was never a seeker for any office. In 1864, during one of his frequent trips hack to his old home in England, Mr. Chandler married Miss Annie Newcombe. She was born in England in 1836, and died at Cleveland March 4, 1906, at the age of seventy. She had lived in Cleveland forty-two years, coming here as a bride. She was also a member of the Euclid Avenue Baptist Church and for many years prominent in the charitable and other causes fostered by that religious organization. Mr. and Mrs. Chandler had four children: Miss Dorothea Chandler of Cleveland ; George N. Chandler of Cleveland ; Mrs. C. W. Baker and Mrs. Samuel Chandler, both of New York City. JOHN O'BRIEN. Among the representative business men of Cleveland no one stands higher than does John O'Brien, who has been identified with large enterprises here for some years and at present is treasurer of the Simplex Machine Tool Company, and also treasurer and a director of the Cleveland Machinery and Supply Company, of which he was one of the organizers. John O'Brien was born in the great City of Liverpool, England. April 27, 1872, and is a son of John and Elizabeth O'Brien, most estimable people who furthered in every way they found possible the educational ambitions of their son. The latter attended the public schools and afterward was a student in St. Wilfred College in North Staffordshire, England, until 1887, displaying such large measure of mental promise that he was given further educational advantages in the English college that was affiliated with the University of Valladolid, at Valladolid, Spain, and from that institution was graduated in 1890. He returned then to his home in Liverpool and for two years was associated with his father in the building contracting business. In the meanwhile, however, Mr. O'Brien had decided to branch out for himself, and, with plans well laid, in 1892 he came to the United States and located at Columbus, Ohio. Shortly afterward he found himself well placed as office manager for the Standish Machine Company, entering into a line of business that had always interested him and with which he has continued. Mr. 0 'Brien severed his relations with the above company in 1907 only to engage with the Osbourne & Sexton Machinery Company, becoming secretary of this concern and acting as such until 1912, when he came to Cleveland. Here he immediately became a factor in the manufacturing field, accepting the office of treasurer of the Lake Erie Machinery & Supply Company, with which organization he remained until 1915, when he resigned. Very shortly afterward, with other men of capital and progressiveness, he organized the Cleveland Machinery & Supply Company, in which he accepted the position of treasurer and is also a member of its directing board. He has additional business interests and is treasurer of the Simplex Machine Tool Company, as above mentioned. In all these large enterprises with which Mr. O'Brien has been officially connected he has been an exceedingly valuable factor, honest and sincere and bearing his responsibilities in every emergency with thorough efficiency. On October 1, 1896, Mr. O'Brien was united in marriage with Miss Beatrice McCarthy, of Columbus, Ohio, and they have two children, Mary Beatrice and John Francis, the former of whom is a graduate of the Columbus High School and the latter is a student attending St. Rose parochial school. Mr. O'Brien and family are members of the Roman Catholic Church. In polities he is affiliated with the republican party and lives up to its principles of good citizenship. Socially he is connected with the Cleveland Athletic Club. WARREN W. RICHMOND. Among the promising younger generation of Cleveland lawyers one who is acquiring reputation and the emoluments that go with high position in the profession is Warren W. Richmond. Though engaged in practice only since 1906, he has gained a place that entitles him to the esteem and regard of his fellow practitioners and the public at large. Mr. Richmond has a most interesting family record, one that identified him not only 266 - CLEVELAND AND ITS ENVIRONS with Cuyahoga County from pioneer times but with the foundation of American institutions. He is in the ninth successive generation of the American family of Richmond. The Richmonds originated in Brittany. The first generation in America was represented by John Richmond, who was born in 1594 and came to America from Ashton Keynes, Wiltshire, England. He left England probably about 1635, and in 1637 was one of the purchasers of the townsite of Taunton, Massachusetts. He died there March 20, 1664, aged seventy. The great-grandfather of the Cleveland lawyer was Elihu Richmond, who was born at. Taunton, Massachusetts, June 22, 1770, and died May 7, 1838. He was the pioneer of the family in Cuyahoga County. He arrived here in January, 1815, about the close of the War of 1812, and located in Euclid Township in what has ever since been known as the Richmond settlement. He was one of the largest buyers of land in that community, purchasing an entire section at a dollar and a quarter an acre. He died there May 7, 1838. Edmund Richmond, grandfather of Warren W., was born at Peru, Massachusetts, July 5, 1801, and died in Cuyahoga County in the Richmond settlement December 11, 1878. He grew up here and had a hand in clearing the large and extensive acreage owned by his father. Thomas C. Richmond, father of Warren W., was born in the Richmond settlement January 28, 1841, and died June 30, 1913. His death occurred at Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, while visiting his son. He spent his life as a farmer, and was one of the leading vineyardists, horticulturists and vegetable raisers around East Cleveland. He made an enviable record as a Union soldier, being a corporal in the One hundred Eighty-eighth Ohio Infantry. His name is registered on the monument in the public square of Cleveland. He belonged to the Brough Post of the Grand Army at Cleveland, being commander of the same at the time of his death. Thomas C. Richmond married Sarah Linscott, who is still living. She was born at Kennebunkport, Maine, and when a small girl her people moved to Marshall, Michigan, where she was reared and educated. She and her husband married at Ludington, Michigan, but afterwards came to Cleveland to live. There were three sons in the family : Warren W., Thomas E. and Clark S. All of them were born in East Cleveland, and all are graduates of the Shaw High School. Thomas E. graduated from the agricultural department of the Ohio State University and is now a chemist in the agricultural station at Wooster, Ohio. Clark S. is a graduate of Western Reserve University at Cleveland and is assistant branch manager for The White Motor Company at Pittsburgh. Warren W. Richmond was born at East Cleveland May 14, 1884, was graduated from the Shaw High School in 1902, and in 1906 graduated LL. B. from the Baldwin-Wallace College. He was admitted to the bar the same year and has since been in individual practice, specializing in real estate law, probate work and corporation law. His offices are in the American Trust Building. Mr. Richmond is a democrat, a member of Woodward Lodge No. 508, Ancient Free and Accepted Masons; McKinley Chapter No. 181, Royal Arch Masons; Woodward Council, Royal and Select Masters. Ile also belongs to the City Club, Civic League, Cleveland Bar Association, is active in the Presbyterian Church of Cleveland and treasurer of its benevolent fund. May 18, 1912, Mr. Richmond married Miss Eleanor Corleissen, who was born at Port Arthur, Canada, but was reared and educated in Cleveland. Mr. and Mrs. Richmond reside at 1895 Charles Road in East Cleveland. Their two sons, both born there, are Warren W., Jr. and Thomas Clark. EVERETT J. SHORT has been a resident of this section of Northern Ohio for the past eleven years, and is especially well known in West Park, one of the suburbs of Cleveland, and more recently has become a member of the well known real estate and general insurance firm of Hall-Short-McWilliams Company in the Cuyahoga Building. Mr. Short was born in Wacousta, Watertown Township, Clinton County, Michigan, September 8, 1886, a son of Clarence A. and Edna E. (Brace) Short, being their only living child, two other sons having died in infancy. Clarence A. Short. was born at Dayton, Ohio, and was a year old when his parents moved to Michigan and settled in Clinton County, where the Short family were among the pioneers. Clarence Short has followed farming all his life with the exception of a few years when he was in the butcher business and insurance business at Lensing and Grand Ledge, Michigan. Edna E. Brace was born near Birmingham, Oakland County, CLEVELAND AND ITS ENVIRONS - 267 Michigan, and she and Clarence A. Short were married at Battle Creek May 30, 1883. Everett J. Short was educated in the public schools of his native town and at Grand Ledge, Michigan. His life was spent on a farm until he was eighteen, after which he began learning the trade of upholsterer. For a short time he was also employed in a furniture factory at Grand Ledge, Michigan. He moved to West Park, a suburb of Cleveland, where he has had his home for the last ten years. Until 1911 Mr. Short followed his trade, but since that year has been in the insurance and real estate business. He built up a large elientage alone and conducted a prosperous individual business until May, 1917, when he formed a partnership as member of Hall-Short-McWilliams Company. Mr. Short has been quite active in West Park politics as a republican, and in 1915 was elected justice of the peace, beginning his four years on January 1, 1918. He is a member of 0. N. Steele Lodge No. 621, Free and Accepted Masons, at Cleveland ; Robert Wallace Chapter No. 98, Royal Arch Masons; and Cleveland Council No. 36, Royal and Select Masters. He took a prominent part as an associate member of the Legal Advisory Draft Board No. 1 of Cuyahoga County. February 15, 1908, Mr. Short married Miss Ida Viola Smith of Berea, Ohio, where she was born and educated. She graduated from the Berea High School in 1903, then attended Baldwin-Wallace College at Berea, and for five years was a popular teacher. All her work was done in Cuyahoga. County. Mr. and Mrs. Short have two children, Durward E. and Genevra M. both of whom were born at West Park. RALPH M. HULETT. There was a time when the darkest caves and the rudest of shelters evidently fulfilled all that our far-away ancestors demanded in a home. Utility alone was considered and ages had to pass before artistic ideas were born and became fruitful in the planning for comfort and beauty of habitation, as well as security. This was the beginning of architecture, and its encouragement and development have given beauty, luxury and safety not only in the unequaled magnificent structures in different lands that have enthused the world, but in the every-day office building, church, schoolhouse, factory plant and residence of modern times. Life would be much less worth living in a world where the talent and trained skill of the architect had never been known. Among the prominent architects of Cleveland, Ralph M. Hulett, president of the Ralph M. Hulett Company, occupies a foremost place. Ralph M. Hulett was born at Cleveland, March 28, 1873. His parents were M. P. and Esther (Fawcett) Hulett. The father was born and educated at Rutland, Vermont, and from there came to Cleveland in 1870, where he embarked in a planing mill business, and continued the manufacture of blinds for houses and general planing-mill work. He was married here in 1871 to Esther Fawcett, and died here in 1879. Ralph M. Hulett is an only child. He attended the public schools and was graduated from the high school when eighteen years of age. He had artistic faculty, which he determined to develop along practical lines and secured a position as draftsman in the office of B. F. Van Develde, architect. After two years of experience there Mr. Hulett entered the employ of George H. Smith, architect, with whom he continued for five years, and during the next five years occupied the same position in the office of George H. Steffen, architect, afterward working with other architects, becoming thoroughly acquainted with different methods and every year more certain of his own technical skill. In 1900 Mr. Hulett opened his own office and in February, 1916, he incorporated his business under the style of the Ralph M. Hulett Company, of which he is president. This company does a general architectural, building and real estate business. A few of the most important buildings for which Mr. Hulett prepared the architectural designs are as follows: Farmers and Merchants Bank, Philip Bing Monumental Works, Palm apartment house, a $50,000 residence for E. C. Deibel at Akron, Ohio, the Central School at Talmadge, Ohio, and churches, schools, residences and factory buildings at other points. An architect often finds himself hampered by conflicting interests in the way of building material and location sites, and in a way Mr. Hulett has overcome some of these obstacles by becoming associated in allied business trades to the extent of being a director in the Carpathian Realty Company, in the Fire Safe Development Company and others. He is possessed of decided artistic talent, as his beautifully designed buildings show, but he also has decided business ability and has been very generally successful in his undertakings. 268 - CLEVELAND AND ITS ENVIRONS Mr. Hulett was married at Bradford, Pennsylvania, in August, 1895, to Miss Clara Townsend, who died in April, 1902, survived by one son, Coulter T., a talented young man of nineteen years, who is a draftsman in his father's office in preparation for the same profession. Mr. Hulett was married in May, 1913, to Miss Clara Goodyear. They attend the Episcopal Church. As a citizen Mr. Hulett has been active and useful and is a leading factor in the Cleveland Chamber of Commerce, but his political activity has largely been confined to casting his vote with the republican party. He belongs to Brooklyn Lodge, Free and Accepted sons, and to the Elks, and is also a member the Southern Athletic Club. IVAN T. QUICK. A resident of Cleveland for twelve years, Mr. Quick had several bu less connections, but is now giving all ime to insurance work, as local representati f The Columbus Mutual Life Insurance Co any. Mr. Quick has all the qualities that lark the successful business getter in ti eld of insurance, and though he been identified with The Columbus Mutual only pril 1, 1917, in competition with some fort her agents, he was the leading producer business for the second quarter of that yea id headed the honor rolls of the company for months of April, May and June. The company gave Mr. Quick personal credit for most of the five hundred policies of the company in force at Cleveland representing over a million dollars of insurance. While a successful man from every point of view Ivan T. Quick is only twenty-nine years age, and his own exertions and resources have been responsible for his advancement since he was a small boy. He was born at Leamington, Ontario, Canada, April 5, 1888, a son of Oscar and Clara M. (Clark) Quick. His father was a native of Leamington and his mother of Goderich, Canada, and they were married at Leamington. Oscar Quick was a blacksmith by trade, followed that occupation in Canada, and in 1892 removed to Aurora, Illinois, where he lived until his h in 1895. His son Ivan was only seven years of age when the father died, and that event had much to do with the early fortunes and experiences of Mr. Quick. The widowed mother is still living, and since 1906 has been a resident of Cleveland. There were three sons, Ivan, Russell eland and Fred O. Russell is a resident of Cl eland and is in business, while Ivan and Fred are both life insurance men, representing The Columbus Mutual Life Insurance Company. While a resident. of Canada Oscar Quick served as a captain in the Leamington Guards and was also an active member of the Independent Order of Odd Fellows. After his father died Ivan T. Quiek was placed in the Odd Fellows Orphans' Home at Lincoln, Illinois, where he remained from the ,age of seven to sixteen and was given a good home and the equivalent of a public school education. When he left the institution he received a five dollar gold piece and the good wishes of the officials of the home. His subsequent education was largely achieved by attending night school at Aurora for a year and also by a generous study, which he has not yet interrupted, of such writers and thinkers as Robert Ingersoll and Elbert Hubbard. He his was a great admirer of the late Elbert Hubbard, and that admiration. is testified in a portrait which hangs on Mr. Quick's office at walls. Mr. Quick has a splendid library at he his home, and in books he confesses his one dissipation. After leaving the Odd Fellows Home Mr. Quick clerked in a wholesale grocery house at of Aurora, Illinois, and after a brief residence at Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, came to Cleveland in 1906. Here for a year and a half he was in the employ of the East Ohio Gas Company, during 1908 was with The Paul E. Krochle Company, merchandise brokers, and in 1909 was a salesman for The Manhattan Soap Company of New York City. In March, 1910, Mr. Quick entered the insurance field as an employee of James J. Shipley. In 1911 the firm of Shipley & Quick was formed, and in 1912 the .business was incorporated as The Shipley-Quick Company, of which Mr. Quick was president until April, 1917. This firm was one of the leading insurance producers in Cleveland. In April, 1917, Mr. Quick sold his interest to Mr. Shipley and since then has given his entire time to the life insurance business with The Columbus Mutual. In 1913 he and other associates organized The Cooperative Investment Company, which started with a capitalization of $1,000 and which today has $65,000 invested in mortgages. Mr. Quick is secretary of the company. He is also a director in The C. H. Clark Oil Company, the head of that company being his uncle. June 4, 1913, Mr. Quick married Miss Ger- CLEVELAND AND ITS ENVIRONS - 269 trude Louise Tovell of Cleveland, daughter of Reuben and Emma (Wright) Tovell. Her father is connected with The White Sewing Machine Company of Cleveland. Mrs. Quick was born in Guelph, Ontario, and was educated there and in Toronto, being a graduate of the Toronto High School. Mr. and Mrs. Quick have two children, Ivan Thomas, Jr., and Alice Gertrude, both born in Cleveland. The Quick family resides at 2653 Princeton Road. CALVIN J. HINDS has been a Cleveland lawyer since 1912 and is a recognized authority on real estate values on the East Side. In 1917 he was one of the five men appointed in the twentieth ward to fix values of taxation in that district. Mr. Hinds has his offices in the Williamson Building. He is a man of interesting experience and an interesting personality, having few of the characteristics which make up the conventional type of man. Mr. Hinds was born at Girard, Pennsylvania, July 13, 1880. His father was Calvin J. Hinds, Sr. and his mother Frances (Stewart) Hinds. The mother is now living with her son Calvin in Cleveland. Calvin J. Hinds, Sr., and his two brothers married for their first wives three sisters, daughters of the late Hon. George. H. Cutler, who was a very prominent Pennsylvanian and at one time president of the Senate of that state. Frances Stewart was a first cousin of the first wife of Calvin J. Hinds, Sr. Calvin J. Hinds, Sr., was born in Pennsylvania, while his second wife was a native of New York. He died at Girard in 1911. For over half a century he had practiced law at Girard, and was widely known and prominent in, his profession and had some very prominent clients. He was for more than twenty-five years attorney for Dan Rice, the famous old time showman. Calvin Hinds and the late Denman Thompson, who played "The Old Homestead" to two generations of play. goers, were intimate friends from boyhood and had grown up in adjoining homes. Calvin Hinds, Sr., held the postoffice of Girard dur ing the administration of President Lincoln It was from him that the Cleveland attorney acquired the independence and positive qual ities of his mind. The senior Hinds was in dependent in everything he did, and it could not be said of him that he was ironclad ant fixed and rooted in any affiliation, whether in polities, in which he normally gave support ti the republican party, or to religion, in which he was in fact a free thinker. He had a long and useful life and died at the age of seventy-nine. He was the father of nine children, one son and two daughters by his first wife, and four sons and two daughters by his second wife, all of them living. Those in Ohio are Calvin and two daughters and their mother. During his boyhood years in Girard, Calvin J. Hinds attended the public schools, graduating in 1899, and soon afterward entering the Western Reserve University Law School at Cleveland. He graduated LL. B. in 3904 and in the same year was admitted to the bar. Returning home to Pennsylvania he was admitted to the bar of that state in 1905, and for about three years practiced law at Girard with his father. In 1907, a year made notable by the admission of Oklahoma to the Union and by the financial panic, Mr. Hinds started for Oklahoma for the purpose of identifying himself with the new state as a lawyer and citizen. He was admitted to practice at Ardmore but most of his work while there was in connection with the United States Government Indian Bureau. While on his way from Oklahoma to Pennsylvania Mr. Hinds and a traveling companion became involved in a deep and long continued argument on religion. Mr. Hinds was never slow to express his free and independent convictions on that subject, just as his father had done before him. A kindly old gentleman who overheard the argument also joined in the discussion, and when everything had been settled according to the individual convictions and free conceived ideas of the disputants, as is always true of such storms of argument and discussion, in the course of the free and easy conversation which followed Mr. Hinds divulged to the old gentleman that it was his intention to go to Oklahoma and practice law. To this the older gentleman said:. "Young man, I am a lawyer myself, I live in Oklahoma, and I am the first man you will have to see in that state before you can practice." He presented his card, which bore the name of Judge Dickinson, and Mr. Hinds and the judge were warm friends from that time forward. Mr. Hinds remained in the law and Indian service in Oklahoma until 1911, when on account of the death of his father he returned to Pennsylvania to settle up the estate, and ir 1912 came to Cleveland, where he has enjoyed a rising practice as an attorney, though his principal work has been in real estate law 270 - CLEVELAND AND ITS ENVIRONS conveyancing and dealing in east side real estate, real estate mortgages and loans. Mr. Hinds in politics is a republican and has been more than ordinarily active in behalf of the party. He was secretary of the Cleveland committee of the Republican National Committee during the Hughes campaign and in the same year was a candidate for the primaries for state senator. While a resident of Oklahoma Mr. Hinds belonged to the National Guard, with the Fifth Infantry Regiment, and has an honorable discharge from that regiment. He is a member of the Civic League of Cleveland and is a free lance in religion. He is unmarried and he and his mother reside at 1830 East 81st Street. HON. MARTIN A. FORAN, judge of the Cuyahoga County Common Pleas Court, has been a resident of Cleveland a half century and has been honored with many of the best distinctions wf tile lawyer and the citizen. Born in Choconut Township of Susquehanna County, Pennsylvania, November 11, 1844, Martin Ambrose Foran is a son of James and Catherine (O'Donnell) Foran. The first sixteen years of his life were spent. on his father's farm, attending country school and learning the trade of cooper. His achievement of success was a case of limited opportunities and unlimited endeavor .and ambition. By study at home he acquired a knowledge of mathematics and grammar and at the age of sixteen entered St. Joseph's College near Montrose, Pennsylvania, and by hard study obtained a good education. For two years he was a teacher, and on February 12, 1864, at the age of nineteen enlisted in Company E of the Fourth Pennsylvania Cavalry. He was with that regiment throughout its movements and engagements until the close of the war. He was a part of the Army of the Potomac and served until the surrender of Lee, being mustered out in August, 1865. After a few months of teaching he found work as a cooper at. Meadville, Pennsylvania, and on March 11, 1868, arrived in Cleveland. Judge Foran was a skilled artisan long before he was a lawyer, and became prominent in his trade in Cleveland, having been elected president of the Coop6rs International Union, and from 1870 to 1874 was editor of the Coopers Journal. While working at his trade he studied law and was admitted to the Ohio bar May 11, 1874. In 1873 he had been elected a member of the Ohio Constitutional Convention and in 1875 was elected city prosecutor of Cleveland an office he held two years, 1875-77. His ability, personal popularity and large acquaintance made him a ranking leader in the democratic party. In the spring of 1881 he was unsuccessful candidate for police judge, being defeated with the rest of the party ticket. Judge Foran was elected for his first term to Congress in 1882, overcoming by a large majority his opponent S. T. Everett. He was reelected in 1884 against C. C. Burnett and in 1886 defeated Hon. Amos Townsend. Judge Foran represented the twentieth and the twenty-first districts of Ohio and was one of the able members of the House of Representatives at Washington from 1883 to 1889. On leaving Congress he resumed private law practice with the late Judge J. P. Dawley as his partner. Judge Foran always enjoyed a splendid private practice, and it meant a personal sacrifice when he gave up his clientage to take the office of judge of the Court of Common Pleas on his election in 1910. He has continued to fill that judicial post to the present time. Judge Foran is affiliated with Cleveland Lodge No. 18, Benevolent and Protective Order of Elks, is member of Cleveland Chamber of Commerce, the Grand Army of the Republic, the Cleveland, Ohio State and American bar associations and belongs to the Catholic Church. On December 29, 1868, he married Miss Kate Kavanaugh, who died leaving two children, Gertrude M. and Margaret O. Gertrude M. married Dr. Franklin A. Handriek, now deceased, by whom two children were born, Martha A., who died at the age of seven years, and Martin F. Handrick, graduate of Loyola High School, class of 1918. Margaret O. married James Connolly, who died leaving two children, Katherine R., who married Lieut. W. H. Brett, U. S. Army ; and James. In December, 1893, Judge Foran married Miss Emma Kenny. WALTER A. COY. In years of continuous service Walter A. Coy is one of the oldest members of the comparatively new profession of certified public accountancy, and has had some highly responsible business connections in Cleveland for many years. His prominence in the profession is indicated by the fact that he was president of the Ohio Society of Certified Public Accountants in 1915 and is now secretary and treasurer of the Cleveland Chapter of the Ohio Society. For four years he taught accounting in the Cleveland Y. M. C. A., and during that time classes of from twenty CLEVELAND AND ITS ENVIRONS - 271 to seventy men sought the advantages of his instruction. Mr. Coy has had unusually varied experience, though he is by no means an old man. He was born at Salem, Ohio, April 17, 1869, son of George W. and Kate L. (Heacock) Coy. The earlier generations of the family were from Germany and grandfather Henry M. Coy, who was born either in Germany or in Baltimore, Maryland, spelled the name Koy, and that was probably a variant from a still older method of spelling. Grandfather Henry M. Coy has a distinction in Ohio history as having constructed the first brick house at Salem, Ohio, in 1809. George W. and Kate L. (Heacock) Coy were both born near Salem, and the former died there in 1906, having spent practically all his life in that one locality except the three years he was away doing the duty of a soldier in the Civil war. He was a member of Company B of the 104th Ohio Infantry, and was a corporal. His wife died at Salem in 1874 and after her death he left the farm and for some years followed the profession of photographer. After that he filled such offices as town marshal, assessor and other positions. He was a man of high principles, enjoyed much esteem in his community, but was not ambitious for a fortune and led the rather easy going existence so familiar among people in small villages. There were three children in the family: . Clifford G. of Phoenix, Arizona ; Cora M., wife of W. B. Cope of Chagrin Falls, Ohio ; and Walter A., the youngest, who was only five and a half years of age when his mother died. The children all grew up at Salem and received their early educational advantages there. Walter A. Coy acquired his higher education in the intervals of self sustaining work. He was a student in Mount Union College, from which he received the degree of B. C. S. in 1887. Later he was a student in the Ohio Northern University at Ada, graduating Bachelor of Science in 1892. The five years after that he spent in Phoenix, Arizona, where he was a teacher and during vacation periods was a reporter on the principal daily paper. For one year he was assistant principal of schools and the last year was principal of the Central School, with sixteen teachers under him. From Arizona he returned to Salem, Ohio, and for a short time was in the job printing business. He had learned the printer's trade at Salem in the days of the old hand Vol. II-18 press. His printing shop he conducted at Salem about three years. Some years before he had also taught school in his native city during several winter terms, while attending Ohio Northern University in the spring and summer. Thus his education was paid for by his own earnings and efforts. Mr. Coy came to Cleveland in 1900. At first he was employed as a bookkeeper and later as a public accountant. He was connected with the Cleveland branch of E. L. Suffern of New York City, and subsequently was with the Western Reserve Audit Company of Cleveland, being secretary and manager of that company from 1903 to 1909. The business was in the Western Reserve Building but finally was moved to the Rockefeller Building. In 1909 Mr. Coy began practice as a certified accountant under his own name, and established his first offices in The Arcade, later moving to what is now the Guardian Building, then called the New England Building, and after being there seven years came to his present location in 1915 in the Citizens Building. Mr. Coy takes his greatest pleasure in his profession and in his splendid family'. His has been an ideal home life since he married at Salem, July 22, 1896, Miss Minnie M. Moore. They were married by the Rev. T. E. Cramblet, who is now president of Bethany College, the fine old institution founded by Alexander Campbell in the rugged district of Western Virginia, at Bethany, a college which from the first has trained many hundreds of young men for the ministry of the Disciples Church. Mr. Coy was himself brought up in that faith, but in the absence of the Christian Church at Cleveland Heights he and his family are active members of the Methodist Episcopal Church, in which he is one of the stewards and a teacher of the Bible class, and his wife and daughters are also active in church affairs. Mrs. Coy is a daughter of N. H. and Hannah J. (Woods) Moore of Salem. Her father is still living there, a carpenter by trade. Her mother died in 1897. Mrs. Coy was born in Columbiana County. Ohio, was educated there and also at Humboldt, Kansas, where her parents lived for five years. She is a talented musician. and was given a thorough training in the Mount Union Conservatory of Music. While living at Salem she played the pipe organ in the Disciples Church. She. is now pipe organist for the Eastern Star, of which she is an active member. Mr. Coy is a charter member of Heights Lodge No. 633, Free and Accepted Masons, charter member of Heights 272 - CLEVELAND AND ITS ENVIRONS Chapter No. 206 Royal Arch Masons, and is member of the Cleveland Automobile Club. After his marriage he and his wife took their wedding trip to Phoenix, Arizona. They now reside at 2952 Somerton Road in Cleveland Heights. Mr. and Mrs. Coy have three talented daughters : Ione F., Marian R., a junior in the Heights High School; and Alice M., wh is still in the grade schools at Cleveland Heights. The oldest daughter Ione is a favor. ite in Cleveland musical and social circles and has many distinctions for a young woman of her years. She was graduated from the Cleve. land Heights High School in 1916, and in 1915 graduated in violin from the Fessler School of Music in Cleveland. Her skill as a violinist has won her a place in the hearts of thousands in Cleveland, and her programs have brought many excellent and commendatory press notices. She is interested in social settlement work at the Goodrich House, and teaches music in that settlement. She is also a mem- ber of the Fortnightly Club and the Eastern Star. Ione was born at Salem, while the two younger daughters are both natives of Cleve- land. RICHARD ARTHUR BOLT, M. D., who in June, 1917, became chief of the Bureau of Child Hygiene of the Division of Health of Cleve- land, brought to his office such qualifications and experience as to assure the community of Cleveland that no backward step will be made in the conservation and safeguarding of child welfare because of the abnormal conditions presented by America's entrance into the world war. Cleveland has long enjoyed an enviable record among the larger cities of the United States in the matter of infant care, and there is widespread satisfaction that this department of the municipal service is now in the hands of a man recognized as one of the leading child hygiene workers in the country and one who has made a life study of this particular department of public health. Though his professional experience has made him a thorough cosmopolitan, Doctor Bolt has looked upon Cleveland as his home city for a number of years. He was born at St. Louis, Missouri, March 12, 1880. His father is a prominent business man of that city, Richard Orchard Bolt, who was born at Boscastle, Cornwall, England, in 1854. It has been the custom of the Bolt family to assign the name Richard to the oldest son running back for six generations. Doctor Bolt's grand- father was a village cobbler and was appointed a by Queen Victoria as constable of Boscastle. The Boscastle constable and cobbler married a r direct descendant of Sir Francis Drake. R. O. Bolt came to America at the age of thirteen, stopped for a short time in Cleveland and going on to St. Louis found work there as an errand boy in a jewelry store. He o had the capacity and the industry that assured success and promotion and step by step was advanced until he became secretary and stockholder in the well known firm of Mermod & Jaccard Jewelry Company of St. Louis. At the present time he is in active business in the new "Jaccard" jewelry department of Scruggs, Vandevoort & Barney of St. Louis. From the increasing cares and responsibilities of business life R. O. Bolt has found more or less constant recreation in music, and has trained many large choruses in St. Louis. Doctor Bolt's mother was a daughter of Capt. Lloyd T. Belt. She is his only living daughter, but there are three living sons. Capt. Lloyd T. Belt was of Yankee stock, was born at Lebanon, Illinois, in 1825, and died at St. Louis in 1902. He has been described as a tall, dignified man of kindly disposition and was for fifty years a captain on Mississippi River steamboats. Through the wife of Captain Belt Doctor Bolt's ancestry is traced directly back to Susan Franklin, a close relative of Benjamin Franklin. Susan Franklin has been described as a "tall, stately, proud, high-strung Kentucky belle." June 13, 1826, in Mercer County, Kentucky, she married Abraham B. Wolff. Abraham Wolff, who was born in London, England, on Threadneedle Street, was a tailor, came to America when a young man and established himself in his trade. An old account calls him "a very devout man; small, broad, stocky Englishman." The family records show that his ancestry merges into the Rothschild family. Thus Doctor Bolt has old English and Cornish blood in his veins through his father's family, and is of composite English and Yankee stock through his mother. Doctor Bolt acquired his early education in the public schools of St. Louis, Missouri, graduating from the Central High School in 1898. He then spent a year in Washington University of St. Louis and continued his higher education in the University of Michigan, where he graduated A. B. in 1904 and M. D. in 1906. During 1906-07 he aid post-graduate work in the Children's Hospital and Boston Lying-In Hospital of the Harvard Medical School, and in 1907 was an interne in the New York CLEVELAND AND ITS ENVIRONS - 273 Lying-In Hospital. Doctor Bolt came to Cleveland in the summer of 1907 and for a year was identified with the interne service in St. Vincent's Charity Hospital. He was then appointed pathologist of the Charity Hospital and later visiting physician to the Gyneclogical Out-Patient Department of Charity Hospital. During 1909-10 he was acting medical director of the Babies' Dispensary and Hospital of Cleveland. For six years prior to his return to Cleveland and taking up his present work Doctor Bolt was engaged on an important mission in the Far East, acting as medical director of the United States Indemnity College, the Tsing Hua College at Peking, China, He filled that post from 1911 to 1916. During his residence in China Doctor Bolt had active service in the Red Cross work at the front during the first Chinese revolution. In recognition of this work he was presented with silver medals by President Yuan Shih Kai and Gen. Li Yuan Hung, and was made an honorary life member of the Red Cross Society of China. He traveled throughout Mongolia, Korea and Japan, and spent some time as physician to the Unsan Gold Mines in North Korea. During 1916-17 Doctor Bolt pursued post-graduate public health work in the University of California, in May, 1917, being awarded the degree Gr. P. H. While his experience has called upon him for work in all the branches of his profession, Doctor Bolt has given special attention to obstetrics and pediatrics. In addition to his position as chief of the Bureau of Child Hygiene at Cleveland, he is by appointment instructor in pediatrics in the Western Reserve Medical School and is welfare director of the Babies' Dispensary and Hospital. He is a member of the research committee of the China Medical Missionary Association, of the American Medical Association, the Cleveland Academy of. Medicine and a director of the American Association for the Study and Prevention of Infant Mortality. Besides his extensive work with institutions and in the broad public health movement, Doctor Bolt has contributed much to medical literature, and is author of a number of articles in medical journals and of some treatises on social and welfare work. Out of his intimate experience he compiled a number of articles on conditions in Korea and is also author of a book entitled "Japanese Justice on Trial in Korea." Doctor Bolt's stand in politics might be accepted as a definition of strict independence. A is his custom to study every issue and judge very candidate upon his merits at the time of election. Among national issues he believes the greatest is national prohibition, and In 1916 he expressed himself by voting the straight national prohibition ticket. Doctor Bolt is a member of Alpha Kappa Kappa medical fraternity, being one of the charter members of the chapter of that fraternity at the University of Michigan, and was Primarius of the chapter when it was first established at the Western Reserve Medical School in 1910. He is a member of the Quadrangle Club and. Toastmaster's Club of the University of Michigan, of the City Club of Cleveland, the Faculty Club of the University of California and the Chinese Social and Political Science Association. In his home city he is a member of the Epworth Memorial Methodist Church. July 21, 1908, at San Jose, California, Doc- tor Bolt married Beatrice Rebecca French, daughter of Henry and Rebecca (Tetheway) French. Henry French, her father, was a close friend and a schoolboy companion of Doctor Bolt's father at Boscastle. Henry French was born near Boscastle, spent his early life on a farm, and later entered the British navy, his ten years of active service taking him to all parts of the world. Doctor Bolt and wife have four young children of their own and they are doubtless a big source of inspiration to him in his work in behalf of the infant welfare of Cleveland. The names of this little family are: Elizabeth Rebecca, born July 12, 1909, at Cleveland ; Richard Henry Bolt, born April 22, 1911, at Peking, China; Marrion Jane Bolt, born September 9, 1913, at Tsing Hua College ; and Robert Bash- ford Bolt, born March 20, 1917, at Berkeley, California. CHARLES C. BELLOWS. Cleveland recently welcomed an important addition to its financial circle in Mr. Charles C. Bellows, investment banker and resident partner of the banking firm of Merrill, Lynch & Company of New York City. Merrill, Lynch & Company has long been a name and organization familiar to the financial public as investment bankers. This firm have handled as underwriters and brokers many prominent bond and stock issues and through their membership in the New York, Cleveland, Detroit and Chicago Stock exchanges they are in close touch with the financial interests of America. Mr. Bellows has had a rapid rise in the financial district of New York. He was born 274 - CLEVELAND AND ITS ENVIRONS at Brooklyn April 26, 1891, a son of Arthur C. and Katherine (Strang) Bellows. His parents were both born at Brooklyn and are still living in that city. His father is head of the firm M. E. Bellows & Son of New York City, importers. This business was established by the family in 1820. The only child of his parents, Charles C. Bellows was educated in the high class private school, the Polytechnic of Brooklyn, graduating in 1909. He left school to go into Wall Street and rapidly accumulated experience with the banking houses of Brown Brothers and with several other financial firms on Wall Street. April 1, 1917, he came to Cleveland as resident partner of Merrill, Lynch & Company, and opened a handsome suite of offices in the Guardian Building. The establishment of this branch office gives to Cleveland another important financial service, since the Merrill, Lynch & Company has in many respects unsurpassed facilities as dealers in bonds, preferred stocks, short-time notes, and the firm also does a general banking business. The office at Cleveland was opened April 15, 1917. Mr. Bellows looks upon Cleveland as his home city, and is a member of the Union, Shaker Heights, County and Cleveland Athletic Clubs, and recently bought a home in the beautiful suburb of Shaker Heights Village on Brighton Road. At Brooklyn April 24, 1915, he married Miss Doris Rude of that city, where she was born and educated under private tutors. WILLIAM HARPER. In reviewing the careers of the notable men of a community, the thoughtful person is impressed by the number of foreign born individuals who have risen to high places among the leaders in almost every line. The question naturally arises whether the older countries give their men a better early training than can be obtained here, or whether in the United States those who have labored under disadvantages of a more constricted form of government expand under the liberal laws of this republic. But, whatever the cause, the effect seems to be the same, the men of foreign birth who have succeeded exceed thos4 of . strictly American stock.. In the great coal industry one of the best known figures in Ohio is William Harper, who is of foreign birth although thoroughly Americanized. He was born at Newcastle-on-Tyne, England, and there attended a private school. His first business experience was connected with the coal industry, for he was in his young manhood a salesman for a coal company. In 1883, on immigrating to the United States, he settled first at Chicago, where he became a salesman for the Brazil Block Coal Company, an enterprise with which he was identified for twelve years. He then went to Columbus, Ohio, where he became manager of the Cambridge Consolidated Coal Company. Mr. Harper came to Cleveland in 1896, and here became associated with the Ellsworth Morris Coal Company as manager of the company's mines at Cambridge. In 1897 the name was changed to the Morris Coal Company, with the following officers : Calvary Morris, president; John E. Newell, vice president ; and William Harper, secretary and treasurer. In 1912, upon the death of Mr. Morris, Mr. Harper succeeded him as president and retains also the position of treasurer, H. C. Steffen being secretary and P. T. White, vice president. This company owns two mines, one known as Black Top and the other as Cleveland, located at Cambridge in Guernsey County, Ohio, where there are still left over 45,000 acres of fields to mine. There are 350 people employed, and the headquarters of the company are located at Cleveland, with executive offices in the Citizens Building. Mr. Harper is also secretary and treasurer of the Morris Poston Coal Company of Cleveland, a subsidiary company of the Morris Coal Company. He belongs to the Union Club, is a republican, and attends the Presbyterian Church. Mr. Harper was married in December, 1895, to Miss Edith Murchy, of Chicago, and they are the parents of two children : Wallace, who is twenty-one years of age and now attending Dartmouth College ; and Evelyn, a graduate of the Laurel School for Girls, Cleveland, and now attending Smith College. FRANK S. DAY. It would be idle to speculate on Mr. Day's attainments had the circumstances of his life been different, but one is probably justified in saying that the advantages of wealth and family position and education acquired without special effort could not have made him a better lawyer or citizen than he has become without such influences. Mr. Day was born on the West Side in Cleveland on Washington Street, September 9, 1881. His parents were Michael William and Margaret (Larcey) Day, the former a native of Wexford and the latter of Limerick, Ireland. The father dame to America alone at the age of eighteen in 1865. The mother came CLEVELAND AND ITS ENVIRONS - 275 to this country also alone, being at the time fifteen years of age. They first met in Cleveland, and were married April 10, 1870. Michael W. Day was a teamster in Cleveland and died. here July 4, 1913, and his widow is still living. They had a family of five children, four sons and one daughter, all still living, as follows : Thomas J., on attorney with offices in the American Trust Building; Nellie G., widow of Henry F. Poelking of Cleveland ; Michael W., Jr., a horseshoer by trade; Richard P., connected with the municipal light department of Cleveland ; and Frank S. Frank S. Day, the youngest of the family, was educated in the Scranton School, in St. Patrick's parochial school two years, spent six years in St. Ignatius College, and for three years studied law in the law department of the Baldwin-Wallace University. It should be remembered, however, that this education was not consecutive, and there were long intervals of work, hard knocks, and other vicissitudes in the intervals. Mr. Day graduated from St. Ignatius College in 1900 and received his Bachelor of Law degree from Baldwin-Wallace University in June, 1907. After graduating from St. Ignatius he spent eighteen months working for the Lake Shore and Michigan Southern Railroad Company. Impairment of eyesight caused him to leave that job, and he then became a mail carrier from Station A of the Cleveland postoffice. He carried mail about the city five years, from December 1, 1902, to April, 1907. While carrying mail he managed to devote an hour or so every day to the study of law. He was admitted to the Ohio bar in June, 1907, and in the following year was admitted to practice in the United States District Court. About the time he was admitted to the bar he entered he law office of Judge Foran, who was then head of the firm Foran, Pearson & Powell. He remained with Judge Foran until June, 1908. In the fall of 1907 Mr. Day was a candidate for councilman in the old 24th now the 21st ward against John Durkin. John Durkin had the support and backing of the city administration, but young Day who had lived in the ward only forty-five days, while his opponent had been there about fifteen years, made such a vigorous fight that he was defeated by only one hundred ninety-two votes. At that time the late Tom Johnson was mayor of Cleveland. In January following Mr. Day's race for councilman, Tom Johnson sent for him. Mr. Day describes that incident. "I remember so well the circumstances of that appointment. Tom Johnson sent for me. He was working on his fare box (preparatory to the installation of the three-cent fare system) and Sylvester McMahon and Billie Stage were with him. He said, 'We're going to make you assistant county solicitor, young man.' I was so astonished I could say nothing for a minute. Then I managed to ask him if he thought I could fill the position. 'You'll fill it and with credit,' was his answer. I recovered enough to say thank you before I went to the county commissioner's office." That was Mr. Day's active entry into Cleveland politics. He filled the duties of assistant city solicitor about a year until the change of administration. He was at the time fresh from law school and the salary attached to the position seemed a very attractive one. After this experience Mr. Day began the private practice of law associated with Senator William T. Clark, and a few months later they formed a partnership known as Clark & Day. This was one of Mr. Day's important associations in his early legal career and continued for three years. On January 1, 1911, he was appointed first assistant prosecuting attorney of the City of Cleveland, and filled that office four years. In the fall of 1915 Mr. Day was candidate for judge of the Municipal Court and stood fourth in a list of twenty-three candidates. Governor Cox appointed him to fill an unexpired term as judge of the Municipal Court and he resigned January 1, 1918, to resume the practice of law. Politically Mr. Day has always been an ardent democrat since the days of Tom Johnson. A close friendship developed between him and that veteran municipal leader and business man, and to this time Mr. Day looks upon the late Mayor Johnson as one of the biggest men America has produced. After he retired from his legal association with Judge Clark Mr. Day was alone in practice and his present offices are in the Society for Savings Building. It is recalled that while Mr. Day was first assistant city prosecutor that much of the business coming before him was settled out of court, and as a matter of fact it was his definite policy to settle any trouble that could be settled without resort to court procedure. Mr. Day is counsel for a number of well-known companies and corporations in Cleveland, among them the Theodor Kundts Co. and he represents the Retail Credit Men's Association, and for the past two years has represented the On Leong 276 - CLEVELAND AND ITS ENVIRONS Tong, the Chinese merchants' association of Cleveland. He is affiliated with Cleveland Lodge No. 18, Benevolent and Protective Order of Elks, the Loyal Order of Moose, the Cleveland Bar Association, the Law Library Association, and attends Villa Angeline Catholic Church. He is a baseball fan and for three years while attending St. Ignatius College played on the college team. June 20, 1911, in St. Agnes Church at Cleveland Mr. Day married Miss Susan J. O'Brien. She was born in Ireland on the banks of the River Shannon, coming to the United States at the age of seventeen with her mother, brothers and sisters. She was educated in Ireland and for two years before coming to America taught school in the old country. Mr. and Mrs. Day have one daughter, Josephine Jane, born in Cleveland. Their home is at 17810 Windward Road. JAMES EDWIN EWERS has a degree as a lawyer from Yale University, but his real work in the profession has been in welfare work and social service. Mr. Ewers is now general agent for the Cleveland Humane Society, and was called to this city on account of his able work in connection with a similar organization at Boston. Few men have practiced the gospel of self help more faithfully than Mr. Ewers. He was born at Fredericktown, Knox county, Ohio, August 22, 1880, a son of George J. and Annetta (Adams) Ewers. His parents still live on the farm four miles from Fredericktown, which came into the family in the person of the great-grandfather of James E. Ewers. The title to the land was conveyed in a warrant signed by President James Madison. George J. Ewers and wife were both born in Knox County, and grandfather George Ewers and grandmother Ewers were natives of the same county. Annetta Adams' father came from Pennsylvania and was probably born in that state. Annetta's mother was Sarah Brown. George J. Ewers has always been an extensive farmer in Knox county, and has shown himself a man of progressive ideals, having filled various township offices and is one of the highly respected citzens of his community. He and his wife had four sons ; Frank A., a physician and surgeon of Akron; James E.; Floyd, on the old farm with his parents; and Walter, who died just before graduating from high school. Mr. Ewers is eligible to membership in the Sons of the American Revolution, as ancestors on both sides were in the struggle for independence. One of them, Nehemiah Royce, is great-great-great-grandfather on the maternal side, was born at Plymouth, Connecticut, September 1, 1753, graduated from Yale College in 1774 and was given the Master of Arts degree in 1778. October 15, 1775, he entered the service of the Continental Army, was appointed a lieutenant in Colonel Samuel Elmore's Connecticut Regiment, raised for duty in the northern department, and on January 1, 1777, was commissioned adjutant of Colonel Chandler's Eighth Connecticut Continental. In November, 1777, he was promoted to captain and during the fall of 1779 served with Wayne's Light Infantry Corps. At the Morristown winter quarters in 1779-80 he was in temporary command of his regiment. By the new arrangements of January 1, 1781, he went on duty with Sherman's Fifth Connecticut, and served with that until his retirement January 1, 1783. He died in Watertown about the first of September, 1790. He had one son, Amos H. Royce. For services in the Revolution Nehemiah Royce acquired a land warrant for four hundred acres of land, which was located in Berlin Township of Knox County, Ohio. His son Amos settled on that land. James E. Ewers while a boy lived on the home farm and attended the district school in the vicinity. His parents were not wealthy people, though they lent every encouragement to their sons to make the best of their time and talents. An older son was in medical college, and as there was not enough in the family purse to keep two sons in college at the same time, James E. Ewers undertook to gain an education by his individual efforts and earnings. The school he selected was for many years one of the noblest institutions of its kind in the country, Berea College at Berea, Kentucky. He earned his way throughout his course in that institution. With another young man of about the same age he had a position as a porter in the Ladies' Hall, doing such work as ringing the bell, tending lights and looking after the mail, etc. For this he was given room rent and board. Berea College was originally established in 1856 by Father Fee, an abolitionist, to educate the blacks. For many years its scholars were drawn irrespective of color largely from the poorer districts of the mountainous region of Eastern Kentucky. In 1903 the Legislature of Kentucky passed a bill prohibiting the education of blacks along with whites in the same insti- CLEVELAND AND ITS ENVIRONS - 277 tution. Berea College was maintained as nearly as possible a free institution, with only incidental fees, and practically every student earned the greater part of his expenses there. Aside from the instruction he received from books Mr. Ewers counts it a great privilege to have been a student there, since it brought him into close touch with the mountain people and their children. He finished his course there in 1900. During the summer of 1902 Mr. Ewers worked on the Brookyln Rapid Transit in Brooklyn, New York, being employed every day during the summer, Sundays included. Here again he had a splendid opportunity to meet all kinds of people and study human nature, and he regards it one of the chief courses in the progress of his liberal education. In the fall of that year he entered Yale University and took the regular academic course, graduating in 1906. He followed that with work in the law department, receiving his LL. B. degree from Yale in 1908. While at Yale Mr. Ewers paid his expenses by tending furnace and later found work as a checker in the Yale Commons dining hall, that work paying for his board. The following two summers he again worked with the Brooklyn Rapid Transit and the third summer was employed in a hotel at Asbury Park and at the same time tutored a boy preparing for Princeton. The next summer he was a tutor and companion for a wealthy family who had a summer home at Norwalk, Connecticut. The summer after that he was employed as tutor for two boys of wealthy parents in New London, Connecticut. Thus his college education meant more to him than to sons of wealthy parents who go through such an institution in contact only with books and its social life. His college experiences included waiting on table. in a students' boarding house, attending furnace, serving as checker, selling tickets for the Yale Athletic Association, collecting for a law firm, working as agent for a life insurance company, tutoring students, and at one time he served as a professional pall-bearer for undertakers, and during one winter vacation worked for the American Express Company at New Haven. For four years he was employed at nights as head of the gymnasium department of the Orange Street Boys Club of New Haven, and for another year worked with the Oak Street Boys Club in New Haven. This brought him into close touch with boys and has largely influenced his subsequent career. Mr. Ewers was admitted to the Massachusetts bar in February, 1909, and then became counsel for the Massachusetts Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Children in Boston. He handled much of the legal work of this society from July, 1908, until February 1, 1917, when he resigned and came to Cleveland to accept his present positon as general agent of The Cleveland Humane Society with offices in the City Hall. During 1916 Mr. Ewers also looked after a private practice as a lawyer in Boston. Mr. Ewers is a sincere independent in politics, and seeks out the best man for the place and casts his vote accordingly. He is a member of the Alpha Chi Rho college fraternity and while living in Boston was a member of the Boston City Club, and the Boston Y. M. C. A. He is a member of the Cleveland City Club, and several other clubs. On subjects connected with his active experience Mr. Ewers has made numerous public addresses both at Cleveland and in Boston. In the summer of 1916 he was at Plattsburg and took the Training Camp Course. He is unmarried. J. ARTHUR HOUSE. Aside from some very desirable assets, due partly to inheritance and partly to early environment and training, J. Arthur House started life on the same footing with any number of thousands of other young men. It has been one of the long boasted advantages of American democracy that any one of the many may attain by his own efforts and power a place among the few. In that respect Mr. House is a typically and thoroughly representative American. He belongs to an old .Cuyahoga County family. His grandfather, Ruel House, came from Glastonbury, Connecticut, in 1818 and settled at Euclid, now a Cleveland suburb. In 1837 he moved to East Cleveland, and lived there until his death in 1880. J. Arthur House was born at East Cleveland October 20, 1871, a son of Joseph W. and Clarissa House. His father, who was born in Cleveland in March, 1840, grew up and received his education in his native city and during the Civil war enlisted in the Union army as a member of Battery B, First Ohio Light Artillery. With a creditable record as a soldier he returned to Cleveland and for a number of years was engaged in gardening about the city. In 1884 he entered the contracting business and has now been retired only a few years. J. Arthur House attended the grammar and 278 - CLEVELAND AND ITS ENVIRONS high schools of Cleveland until he was sixteen years of age. His first employment was as office boy at wages of $15 a month with the Nickel Plate Railroad. The former office boy now sits as one of the directors of that great transportation company. When he left the railroad 3 1/2 years later he was occupying the position of claim clerk. For the following year he was clerk with Pickands-Mather Company, and then for two years was clerk with the Republic Iron Company. It was this varied experience and training that he brought with him when he first became connected with the Guardian Savings and Trust Company. As clerk in that institution he was successively advanced to teller, bookkeeper, in 1899 to assistant treasurer, in 1902 to assistant secretary, in February, 1906, was elected secretary, in 1912 became fifth vice president, and in 1914 was elected first vice president which office he held until December 4, 1917, when he was elected president of one of Ohio's largest and best known banking institutions. Mr. House holds the position of director in a number of prominent Corporations, including the Cleveland National Bank, .Wheeling and Lake Erie Railroad, N. Y. C. & St. L. Railroad, Paragon Refining Company, Cleve. land Brass & Copper Mills, Incorporated, Metal Craft Company, Triton Steamship Company, of which he is treasurer, The Morris Plan Bank, The Allegheny By Products Company, the Cleveland Macaroni Company. Mr. House is a member of the Masonic Order and the Union, Hermit and Cleveland Athletic clubs, the Country Club and the Shaker Heights Country Club, is a republican in politics, a member of the Euclid Avenue Methodist Episcopal Church and has found time to serve various public institutions. He is a trustee of St. Luke's Hospital, assistant treasurer of the Lakeside Hospital, and a trustee of the Deaconess Home. In Cleveland June 14, 1899, he married Miss Maude Marie Mills. They have two children. James A., Jr., aged twelve, attending the University School, while the daughter, Helen Elizabeth, is a student of the Hathaway Brown School for Girls. GARRETT STEVENS first came to Cleveland as representative of an insurance company and was identified with the claim departments of several companies both in Cleveland and elsewhere until 1916, when he opened his office for the private practice of law in the Guardian Building. Mr. Stevens has been a lawyer for many years, and grew up in the atmosphere of that profession and in close association with democratic politics in Old Berks County, Pennsylvania. Mr. Stevens was born at Reading, Pennsylvania, December 19, 1877, a son of Garrett B. and Catherine Mary (Zeller) Stevens. His father was born on a farm near Feasterville in Bucks County, Pennsylvania, while the mother was a native of Reading, and in that city they were married. Both parents are now deceased. Garrett B. Stevens practiced law at Reading for more than thirty years, and for twenty years was the recognized democratic leader in Berks County. He never held an office for himself. His death occurred in 1910 at the age of sixty-five, while the mother passed away in 1911, aged sixty-six. During most of the time Garrett B. Stevens practiced law alone, but subsequently was associated with Judge W. Kerper Stevens under the firm name of Stevens & Stevens. These partners were not related. Later he had his son John B. Stevens as a partner under the firm name of Stevens & Stevens. There were five children in the family, Garrett being the oldest. Wallace, who took special work in Harvard University, graduated in law from the University of New York and is now an attorney and vice president of a bonding company at Hartford, Connecticut. John B., still in practice at Reading, graduated A. B. from the University of Pennsylvania and studied law under his father. The two daughters are Elizabeth B. and Catherine M., both living in Philadelphia. Elizabeth holds the degree Bachelor of Domestic Science from Drexel Institute of Philadelphia while Catherine is a graduate of the Reading High School. Elizabeth is now a teacher of domestic science in the public schools of Philadelphia while Catherine is secretary of the correction department of Municipal Court at Philadelphia. All the children were born at Reading, and all the sons are successful lawyers. Garrett Stevens graduated from the Reading High School in 1895, spent two years in the literary department of Yale College and from there entered Dickinson College of Law at Carlisle, Pennsylvania, where he was graduated LL. B. in 1899. In 1898 at the outbreak of the Spanish-American war his entire class with the exception of two members enlisted in Company G of the 8th Pennsylvania Infantry. Mr. Stevens got only as far as Camp Alger at Washington, where he suffered a sunstroke and after three months was sent home. He CLEVELAND AND ITS ENVIRONS - 279 then resumed his studies, and on December 20, 1899, was admitted to the Pennsylvania bar. o fie at once began practice at Reading, and had an office alone for about six years. He then became connected with the Maryland Casualty Company and came to Cleveland as resident claim manager for two years. He was admit- ted to the Ohio bar in 1908. From. Cleve- and he was transferred to New York City and then to Baltimore, where he was assistant manager or examiner of claims. Mr. Stevens again came to Cleveland, this time as claim attorney for The General Accident, Fire and Life Insurance Corporation, Limited. He returned to Cleveland September 17, 1912, and in September, 1916, he gave up his work with the insurance company to engage in the general practice of law. He is secretary of The International Motors Accessories Company of Cleveland and secretary and a director of The H. E. McMillan & Son Company of Cleveland. While connected with insurance companies he tried cases in thirty-seven states of the Union. Mr. Stevens is a noted orator and was on. the National Board of Speakers of the democratic party during three of the Bryan cam- paigns. He was nineteen years old when Bryan was first a candidate for president, and during the summer and early fall of 1896 he went all through the New England states speaking for Bryan and was widely known as the "schoolboy orator." He was also a member of the campaign committees of Berks County, Pennsylvania, and for several years was his father's right hand man in polities in that section. It is characteristic that he has never been a candidate for office himself. Mr. Stevens is a member of Reading Lodge No. 549 Free and Accepted Masons at Reading, Pennsylvania, and was formerly a member of the Berks County Bar Association. His church, is the Presbyterian. September 4, 1901, he married Miss Sarah S. Stayman of Carlisle, Pennsylvania, daughter of Joseph B. and Mary S. (Shelley) Stayman, both deceased. Her people were retired farmers and an old family' of Carlisle. Mrs. Stevens was born at Mechanicsburg, Pennsylvania, where she received her early education, and graduated from an academy at Carlisle. Mr. and Mrs. Stevens reside at 1608 East 84th Street. Their two children are Garrett Berealow, born at Reading, Pennsylvania, and Mary Catherine, born in New York City. PIERRE A. WHITE was born at Sandusky, Ohio, April 21, 1889, son of Charles and May A. (Zerbe) White. His mother is a resident ,f Cleveland on Prospect Avenue and was born at Sandusky. The father, who died at Cincinnati when Judge White was about eight years of age, was born in New York City and spent much of his active life in newspaper work. The only child of his parents, Judge White was educated in the public schools of Cleve-and, graduating from the East High School in 1905. From high school he entered the old and prominent law firm of White, Johnson & Cannon, and was employed by them as a col-Lector and in other business, and from 1907 for three years, though still a junior in years and not yet admitted to the bar, was employed in many matters usually given to the attention of a mature lawyer. In the meantime he was studying law in the Cleveland Law School of Baldwin-Wallace College, and graduated LL. B. in June, 1910. Judge White is now a member of the faculty of the Cleveland Law School, and for some time has been professor of the law of agency. Judge White after his admission to the bar continued his connection with the firm of White, Johnson, Cannon & Neff until he was appointed judge of the Municipal Court, December 21, 1915, by Governor Frank Willis. He succeeded Judge Fielder Sanders, who had been made traction commissioner as successor of Peter Witt. At the time of his appointment Judge White had the distinction of being the youngest judge of a court of record in the United States, being only twenty-six years of age. The appointment of such a youthful judge was commented on by many newspapers throughout the state and the United States. His term expired January 1, 1918. He is now a member of the law firm of Calfee, Fogg & White with offices in the Williamson Building. From early manhood Judge White has been one of the most aggressive young republicans of Cleveland. In the Municipal Court he was assigned as automobile judge during the last three months of 1916, while sitting in the criminal branch of the court. Judge White is a member of the Cleveland and Ohio State Bar Associations, the Commercial Law League of America, the City Club, the Cleveland Chamber of Commerce, Cleveland Athletic Club, Law Library Association of Cleveland, the Knights of Pythias, the Loyal Order of Moose, the Fraternal Order of Eagles, the Tippecanoe Club, Western Reserve Club, the League of Republican Clubs, the John Hay Club, the Lawyers Republican Club, the Obiter Club, and the Gyro Club. In college 280 - CLEVELAND AND ITS ENVIRONS he was a member of the Delta Theta Phi fraternity. He is an enthusiast of outdoor life, is a baseball and football fan, and a tennis player. A Cleveland paper not long ago noted a striking similarity in the careers of Judge White and of Judge Ralph W. Sanborn, who became an associate justice of the Municipal Court in 1918. Judge White and Judge Sanborn were both graduated from high school in the same year, practically worked their way into the legal profession, were members of the same college fraternity and of the Knights of Pythias, and both were married by the same pastor Rev. A. B. Meldrum of the Old Stone Church. Judge White married August 1, 1914, Miss Shem Lowe of Lakewood. She was born at Meadville, Pennsylvania, was educated in that city, graduating from the Meadville High School, and took a technical course in the Cleveland Library School of Western Reserve University. Besides her practical experience in the University Library she was before her marriage assistant librarian of the Carnegie branch on the west side of Cleveland. Her father the late Frank Lowe was an attorney at Meadville, Pennsylvania. Her mother lives in Cleveland. Judge and Mrs. White have two children, John Winthrop and Nancy Fairbanks, both born at Cleveland. C. J. BENKOSKI. While an active member of the Cleveland bar less than twenty years, Mr. Benkoski has the, distinction of being the first genuine Polish attorney in Cleveland, and therefore the oldest in point of service practicing Polish lawyer of the city. He is a man of high attainments and in a professional way is connected with many of the prominent institutions of the city. He was born in the City of Barcin, Posen, Poland, March 18, 1875, a son of Ignatius and Frances (Bialecki) Benkoski. When he was six years of age he came with his mother and other children to the United States, landing in New York and coming on direct to Cleveland, where they joined his father, who had located here two years previously and after getting settled sent on for his family. The father was born in the Province of Flock, Russian Poland, while the mother was a native of Posen. The father died in Cleveland in 1911 at the age of seventy-eight and the mother in 1909, aged seventy-sir. Ignatius Benkoski followed the trades of miller and carpenter in the old country, but in Cleveland was a general workman. The mother was a member of a well to do family of Poland, and was a graduate of the Medical University of Vienna. She practiced medicine in Cleveland for many years. She was the type of woman who is constantly doing good. While she had a large family of her own, her range of interests and service was never confined entirely to her home, but extended practically to the limit of. her energy and strength among all who called upon her. While she was thoroughly trained in medicine, her bigness and kindness of heart always surpassed her skill, and made it doubly effective. She was ready to go at an instant's notice to help among the poor and needy, and the best tribute given to her life of unselfish effort came at the time of her funeral when the big church in which it was held was utterly inadequate to hold the concourse of sorrowing friends who gathered to pay her tribute. She was the mother of fifteen children, nine sons and six daughters, ten of whom grew up and six are still living. All of them were born in Poland and C. J. Benkoski was next to the youngest. Mr. Benkoski was educated in Cleveland in St. Stanislaus Parochial School and then took a commercial course in St. Joseph College at Teutopolis, Illinois, where he also remained as a classical student but finished his classical education in St. Ignatius College at Cleveland, where he graduated in 1895. For a year he studied law in the office of the late P. J. Brady, and then entered Western Reserve University Law School, where he finished the three years' course in two years, graduating LL. B. in 1898. He associated with Mr. Brady until 1899. Mr. Benkoski was admitted to the Ohio bar in 1898 and in 1907 was qualified to practice in the Federal courts. He has a large general practice derived from the Polish, German, English and Slavonian peoples of Cleveland. He is a director and general counsel for The First Slavonian Building and Loan Association, The Tatra Savings and Loan Association, general counsel for The St. Hyacinth Building and Loan Association, member of Supreme Law Council of the Catholic Mutual Benefit Association, attorney and general counsel for Polish Roman Catholic Union of Ohio, attorney for Polish Roman Catholic Union of the Immaculate Conception of Ohio, and is member and trustee of St. Stanislaus Parish and at one time its secretary, and is now general legal adviser of the parish and was at one time of the entire diocese under the late Bishop Horstmann. He is also attorney for The Cleveland Slavonic Union. CLEVELAND AND ITS ENVIRONS - 281 Politically Mr. Benkoski is a republican and member of the county executive committee and was appointed January 7, 1918, by Mayor Davis and confirmed by the council city clerk of the City of Cleveland, being the first Polish man in Cleveland to be distinguished by this honor. He is a member of the Polish Roman Catholic Union of America, of Ohio, of the National Polish Alliance and of the Alliance of Poles in Ohio, the Catholic Mutual Benefit Association, is a fourth degree member of the Knights of Columbus, is affiliated with the Benevolent and Protective Order of Elks, the Cleveland Bar Association, Polish Chamber of Commerce, the Polish Non-Partisan Political League, the Tippecanoe Club, City Club, Cleveland Automobile Club, and Cleveland Law Library Association. Mr. Benkoski finds his recreation in baseball and motoring. In earlier days he played professional baseball, and spent three seasons with the Southern League. June 21, 1899, in St. Stanislaus Church, he married Miss Helen Mosinski. Mrs. Benkoski was born in Cleveland, a daughter of Frank and Josephine (Russick) Mosinski, both natives of Poland and now living retired at Cleveland. Her father was formerly a business man and one of the first Polish settlers of Cleveland. Mrs. Benkoski attended St. Stanislaus Parochial School and the Cleveland High School. She is secretary of the Ladies' Aid Society and a member of various other organizations. To Mr. and Mrs. Benkoski were born five children, one of whom died in infancy. Flora is now a member of the class of 1918 of St. Joseph Academy at West Park, while Frank, Martha and Stanley are students in St. Stanislaus Parochial School; Frank and Martha will both graduate in 1918. The children were all born in Cleveland. The Benkoski honie is at 6703 Fleet Avenue. WILLIAM ROCKWELL has been a practicing lawyer forty years, and since 1903 has been an active member of the Cleveland bar. Much of his work as a lawyer has been taken up with land matters, especially land titles, and for a number of years he was connected in that field with the Lake Shore and Michigan Southern Railway. Mr. Rockwell has an enviable military record. He represents an ancient family of New England and New York. He was born at Fort Hamilton Village, Town of New Utrecht, in Kings County, Long Island, his birthplace now being included in the Greater New York. He is a son of William and Susan L. (Prince) Rockwell. His first American paternal ancestor was Deacon William Rockwell, of Litchfield, Connecticut, who was a leader of one of the early colonies of New England, and subsequently founded a town in Connecticut. The Rockwell family more remotely is descended from Baron de Rocheville, a Norman officer who went to England with William the Conqueror. The family connections contains some of the best blood in England. By marriages since the family came to America there is a relationship with the family of Gen. U. S. Grant. Mr. Rockwell's grandfather and great-grandfather both served in the Revolutionary war, the latter as an officer. Mr. Rockwell's mother was descended from William Brewster, who was the elder and religious head of the Plymouth Colony and went with the first load of colonists in the Mayflower. Her immediate relatives were among the best families of Brooklyn and Flat-bush. Major Duffield, one of her ancestors, was a surgeon in General Washington's staff. William Rockwell, Sr., was also a lawyer, a graduate of Yale College with the class of 1822. He studied law at Sharon, Connecticut, and while in practice at Brooklyn served as United States District Attorney and afterwards was a justice of the Supreme Court of New York for the Second Judicial District, which office he was holding at the time of his death. After his death his wife Susan became the wife of Rev. William P. Strickland and moved to Bridgehampton, Long Island, where Mr. Strickland was pastor of a Presbyterian church. She died in 1877. The old Prince homestead stood on Fulton Avenue near Duffield Street, the farm covering a large area in the heart of the present business section of Brooklyn. Mr. William Rockwell was graduated Ph. B. from the Sheffield Scientific School of Yale University with the class of 1874 and studied law in the Columbia Law School, from which he received his law degree in 1877. He was admitted to the New York bar in that year and at once began practice. He was a member of the bar of New York City from 1877 until 1898. Mr. Rockwell became a member of the Seventy-first Regiment New York National Guard in 18§1, and was twice called out for active duty, at first during the Switchmen's strike at Buffalo in 1892, and in 1895 was on duty during the Brooklyn street ear strike. At the beginning of the Spanish-American war he enlisted and saw active service at San- 282 - CLEVELAND AND ITS ENVIRONS tiago, Cuba, being first lieutenant of Company D. He was mustered out in the fall of 1898 and honorably discharged and after the war he went with the Lake Shore & Michigan Southern Railroad Company at Toledo. He moved to Cleveland in 1899, and was employed in looking after real estate and title matters for the railway company until 1910, at which date he began practice for himself. Mr. Rockwell is an associate member of the Cleveland Real Estate Board, and at present is examiner of land court titles appointed under the Torrens Law by the Common Pleas Court. Mr. Rockwell's offices are in the Society for Savings Building and he is associated with the law firm of Litzler & Schaefer. Politically he is a republican in his affiliations but has never engaged actively in politics. He is a member of the Delta Psi college fraternity, a member of the Cleveland Bar Association, and is unmarried. JOHN FISH, assistant treasurer of The Guardian Savings and Trust Company is a lawyer by training but has given his services continually since he was admitted to the bar to the great financial institution in which he is now one of the executive officers. Mr. Fish was born in Auburn, .Geauga County, Ohio, November 5, 1877, son of Dr. John and Mary Spencer (Peabody). Fish. His parents, both now deceased, represented old families in Geauga County. His father, who was born in a little town in Northern New York on the Welland Canal, was brought to Ohio when about eight years of age, locating in Auburn. The mother was a native of Newport, Rhode Island, and was also about eight years old when her people came to Ohio, both families arriving about 1843. Dr. John Fish was a surgeon by profession, and was in the Union army in a professional capacity with the rank of major. John Fish is the youngest in a family of four children. His three sisters are : Mrs. A. P. Ruggles of Cleveland; Mrs. W. S. Wing of Auburn; and Mrs. S. L. Hill of Berlin Heights, Erie County, Ohio. Mr. Fish was graduated from the Central High School of Cleveland with the class of 1898. He then entered Adelbert College of Western Reserve University, receiving his degree Bachelor of Philosophy in 1902 and Master of Arts from Western Reserve University in 1903. Taking up the study of law, he completed the course, and received his degree LL. B. in June, 1908, from the law department of Baldwin-Wallace University. Admitted to the bar in June, 1908, Mr. Fish entered the legal department of The Guardian Savings & Trust Company. He filled the position of Assistant Counsel until July, 1917. At that date the legal department was abolished and he was retained in the company as assistant treasurer in charge of the mortgage and loan department. Mr. Fish is a thorough business man, and his abilities and personality have made him one of the most valuable men in the organization of The Guardian .Savings & Trust Company. Experience has brought him a most comprehensive knowledge of the technique and details of banking and finance, and the fact that he makes friends wherever he goes is another undoubted asset to any institution with which he is connected. Mr. Fish is active in Masonry, having his affiliations formerly with Forest City Lodge No. 388 Free and Accepted Masons, but in 1916 took a demit and became a charter member of Heights Lodge Free and Accepted Masons. He also belongs to Cleveland Chapter No. 148 Royal Accepted Masons, is a member of the City Club and the college fraternity Alpha Tau Omega. His church home is the Wade Park Methodist Episcopal. September 30, 1911, Mr. Fish married Miss Eva M. Hauxhurst of Cleveland, daughter of George I. and Emma A. (Motter) Hauxhurst. Her father died a number of years ago and her mother is still living. Mrs. Fish was born at Lakeside, Ohio, but was reared and educated in Cleveland and graduated from the Central High School in 1898 in the same class with her husband. She afterwards entered the College for Women of Western Reserve University, took her A. D. degree in 1902, and then taught school until her marriage. She taught two years in the schools of Huntsburg, Ohio, and for five years was a teacher in the Lincoln High School of Cleveland. Mr. and Mrs. Fish have two children, both born in Cleveland, named John Spencer and Betty Wolcott. DAVID EDWARD GREEN, of Smith, Griswold, Green & Haddon, attorneys, with offices in the Marshal Building, has been a Cleveland lawyer for the past thirteen years, and his work has been almost entirely in the field of commercial and corporation law. Mr. Green has lived a very active life and has identified himself with many interests, particularly in church and civic affairs. His early life was spent on a farm. He was born at Renroek in Noble County, Ohio, April 3, CLEVELAND AND ITS ENVIRONS - 283 1874, son of David J. and Mary (Fairchild) Green. David J. Green, a native of the same locality, has for many years been a successful breeder of thoroughbred cattle. In 1894 he represented Noble County in the State Legislature. He is still living in that locality, and owns a fine farm of 355 acres. He is a member of the Masonic Order, the Independent Order of Odd Fellows, and has always taken an active part in civic affairs. His wife Mary Fairchild was born in Illinois and died at Renrock in 1881 at the age of thirty. She was the mother of four children, three sons and one daughter, all of whom are living. The father's second wife, Mary Wilson, whom he married in 1884, was a splendid mother to these children. Charles F., the oldest, is a farmer at Pataskala, Ohio ; David E. is second in age ; Mr. Otis Green is with Otis & Company of Cleveland. The only daughter, Luella M., is a student nurse at St. Luke's Hospital. David E. Green while a boy attended public schools at Renrock. He learned much about farming as a youth, though his aspirations were early set for the law. In 1897 he graduated from Doan Academy at Granville, Ohio, and continued his higher studies in Dennison University at the same place, where he took the Bachelor of Science Degree in 1901. This is followed by the full course of the Western Reserve University Law School, from which he graduated LL. B. in June, 1904, and received admission to the Ohio bar in the same month. He has since been admitted to the United States District Court. His first connection, formed immediately after graduating, was in the office of Amos Burt Thompson at Cleveland, but on May 1, 1905, he began private practice in partnership with Walter E. Myers. The firm of Myers & Green received an additional member on January 1, 1913, in Mr. William C. Keough, making the style of the firm Myers, Green & Keough, which continued until February 1, 1917. On October 1, 1917, Mr. Green became a member of the firm of Smith, Griswold, Green & Haddon. Mr. Green is a republican but has been chiefly active in politics as a leader in the temperance forces. He was manager of the dry campaign committee of Cuyahoga County in 1914 and 1915 and was vice chairman of this committee in 1917. For the past three years he has served as chairman of the Legislative Committee of the Cleveland Association of Credit Men. He is an active member of the First Baptist Church of Cleveland, and was recently related to the office of trustee, which he has held for ten years. For a similar time he has been a trustee of the Cleveland Baptist City Mission Society, a corporation holding most of the real estate of that denomination in Cleveland. He has also been chairman of the Legal Committee of this society for a number of years. In 1916-17 he was president of the Federated Churches of Cleveland. Since 1915 he has been a trustee of Denison University, and is a member of the Board of Trustees of Cleveland Welfare Federation, and is also trustee of the Hungarian Baptist Seminary of Cleveland. He is a member of the Phi Delta Phi legal fraternity, the City Club, the Civic League, the Cleveland Chamber of Commerce, and the Cleveland and Ohio State Bar Associations. Mr. Green and family have their winter home at 2030 East Sixty-ninth Street, and their summer residence on Blue Stone Road in Cleveland Heights. July 30, 1909, he married Miss Alice Dunham of Cleveland. Their marriage was celebrated in London, England. Her father was for many years active in mercantile affairs at Cleveland, being a member of the firm of Griswold & Dunham, linseed oil merchants. This business was finally taken over by The Sherwin-Williams Company. Mr. Green's mother, Mrs. Truman Dunham, is still living at Cleveland. Mrs. Green was born in Cleveland, is a graduate of the Central High School and the Woman's College of Western Reserve University with the degree Bachelor of Arts. She studied abroad three different times, first when she was nine years of age, again for one year between high school and college, and another year after completing her college course. She takes an active part in church work. WILLIAM E. PERRINE. Assistant general manager and director of production of the Standard Parts Company, while still a young man has had a most unusual and varied business experience and training, and his record is one of consecutive advancement from minor roles to those higher places which are familiarly associated with business success. Mr. Perrine was born at Freehold, Mommouth County, New Jersey, July 22, 1879, a son of William Augustus and Annie (Conk) Perrine. and a descendant from one of the early Jersey families. William A. Perrine learned the iron molding trade and stove making in Freehold, and for some years was general superintendent of the Abraham Cox 284 - CLEVELAND AND ITS ENVIRONS above corporation at Philadelphia. For number of years past he has been general ma alter of the Thatcher Furnace Company Newark, New Jersey, and president of the Peerless Flask and Molding Machine Compel of Newark. In 1883, when William E. Perrine was fot years old, his parents moved to Brooklyn, Ne York, in which city he grew up and receive his education. While attending school, during vacation periods, and for the first few year after leaving school, he gained business experience in many fields, as follows: Manufacturing jewelry, lithographing and engraving, wholesale drugs, fire insurance and whole sale dry goods. Mr. Perrine's early manufacturing experi ence was with the American Can Company beginning as factory clerk, and during tin eight years of his connection with that cor poration he was frequently promoted, finally becoming factory manager of several of their different plants throughout the country, resigning from the American Can Company to accept a position with the F. B. Stearns Automobile Company, Cleveland, Ohio, as assistant production manager. This position he held for 4 1/2 years and resigned to enter the employ of the Perfection Spring Company as manager of their No. 2 plant. In 1917 the Perfection Spring Company was consolidated with the Standard Parts Company, and in September of that year Mr. Perrine was made director of production of the Standard Parts Company. He has under his immediate control the twelve plants situated in Michigan, Ohio, Indiana and Missouri. In March, 1918, Mr. Perrine was appointed assistant general manager of the Standard Parts Company, also continuing in the capacity just mentioned. Mr. Perrine is well known in Cleveland civic and social circles. He is a non-commissioned officer of Cleveland Chapter of the Red Cross Society, a member of the Sons of the American Revolution, the Society of Automotive Engineers, of the Cleveland Athletic Club, Rotary Club, Shrine Club, Willowick Country Club, Cleveland Chamber of Commerce, City Club, Civic League, Automobile Club, Detroit Athletic Club, and the Toledo Club. In Masonry fie is affiliated with Iris Lodge, Free and Accepted Masons; Webb Chapter, Royal Arch Masons ; Cleveland City Council, Royal and ;elect Masters ; Oriental Commandery, Knights Templar ; the various Scottish Rite bodies and Koran Temple of the Mystic Shrine. Politically he is a republican. At Chicago Illinois, July 19, 1905, Mr. Perrine married Florence Madline Strick. They have had thr children, William Craig, born June 20, 190i Florence Elizabeth, born June 12, 1912, ar Elinor Thorel, born April 6, 1915, died Me 1, 1916. The son is a student in the Cleveland public schools and has spent his summer vac. tions in Culver Military Academy in Indian, EMMA E. GROSS, attorney and counsellor E law with offices in the Engineers Building, a young woman with a wealth of intellect an ability, and has entered with enthusiasm an zeal into the great work of her professior. With her the law is a profession and on abounding in opportunities for social servic and not merely a means of livelihood. She has spent most of her life in Cleve land, but was born at Berlin, Germany, daughter of Jonas and Rebecca (Haberman) Gross. Her parents were natives of Hungary and were married in that country in 1879 Fier parents are of very old Hungarian stock and were connected with prominent families both in Hungary and in Germany. A cousin s Dr. Ludwig Stein, one of the political factors n Germany today. Jonas Gross was a man of vealth and influence in the old country, and before coming to the United States he lived n Hungary, Germany and Holland.. The family arrived in New York City, May 29, 1897. Jonas Gross was for a number of years active in newspaper work in Cleveland and founded several newspapers in that city. He is still in commercial life though not as a newspaper man. Mrs. Rebecca Gross died at Cleveland August 5, 1913, at the age of sixty. She was widely known in Hungarian circles in Cleveland. Mr. Jonas Gross has always been a deep student. He is a progressive republican in politics. In their family were one son and six daughters who grew up and all are now married except Emma Esther. Six of them reside in Cleveland. Emma Esther and her two younger sisters were born in Berlin One of the children is a resident of Pittsburg Pennsylvania. In order of age the family are Mrs. Anna Gross Hollander of Cleveland Wm. Max Book of Pittsburg; Mrs. Julius N. Galvin of Cleveland ; Anton F.; Emma Esther; Mrs. Louis Kaufman ; Mrs. Samuel S. Rosenberg, The oldest daughter was born in Hungary, while Mrs. Book, Mrs. Galvin and Anton were born at The Hague in Holland. Emma Esther Gross was eight years of age then her parents came to Cleveland. In the CLEVELAND AND ITS ENVIRONS - 285 meantime she had been instructed by private tutors in Germany and Hungary. She early manifested that independence of mind and spirit which has made her a formidable advocate in the ranks of woman suffrage. Since the age of fifteen she has been dependent upon her manifested that own efforts, beginning as a stenographer and drifting almost naturally into the legal profession. Miss Gross studied law and at the same time attended night school at the Cleveland Law School, the law department of Baldwin-Wallace College. She graduated with the highest honors of her class from Baldwin-Wallace College in the class of 1915 and the degree Bachelor of Laws. This was a well won and merited distinction and the ability she showed in her work and preparation has been translated into mature achievement since she began practice. Miss Gross was admitted to the Ohio bar July 1, 1915, before the Supreme Court of Columbus. On the same day she began practice at Cleveland and in the same building where she is located today. She handles a general practice and in addition to her knowledge of the law she has special ability as a linguist. She speaks, reads and writes German, English and Hungarian and can read and write the Hebrew. Miss Gross is treasurer of the Wage Earners Suffrage League of Cleveland, is secretary of the Cleveland Law School Club and associate editor of the Cleveland Law School Journal. She is very active in the suffrage cause and is vice president of Cleveland. Chapter of "Hadassah." She is a woman of many positive convictions, possesses great depth and sincerity of sympathy with the struggling classes, and is a factor to be reckoned with in the life of Cleveland. She is a member of the board of directors of Alumni of Euclid Avenue Temple. AARON GABBER. A rising young man of public affairs, and one who is making a reputation for himself in legal circles, Aaron Garber is one of. those of foreign birth and of Cleveland training who have so truly absorbed the spirit of the times and of the city. Mr. Garber was born in Vilna. Russia, in September, 1877, and is a son of Israel L. and Feiga (Kraus) Garber, the former being a laborer who died in Russia. There are four sons and one daughter in the family, Aaron being the middle child and the only one now unmarried. The rest, like himself, are residents of Cleveland, as is the mother. In 1905, during the Russian-Japanese trouble, the children came to the United States, arriving January 13th at New York City, from whence they immediately came to Cleveland, the mother being sent for in the following year. The Jews had always been a greatly persecuted race in Russia, and as the Garbers did not approve of the policy of the Russian government in its dealings with the smaller nationalities and its citizens, it was felt that the best course would be to leave their native land behind and to come to America, where there was an opportunity for advancement without the fear of persecution or death. When he arrived, Aaron Garber was well prepared to make a position of standing for himself in his new surroundings. He had been given liberal educational advantages in his native place in Russia, having been sent to the public school and then prepared to become a rabbi, although this latter course was not completed, the young .man becoming a teacher instead. On coming to the United States, he became principal of the Cleveland Hebrew School and Institute, at that time a private school of the Hebrew religion. This was later opened by Mr. Garber as the Community Hebrew School, which was modernized and placed in charge of up-to-date teachers, and the institution now teaches the pure Hebrew language as it was spoken in Palestine. There are today few people in the City of Cleveland who can speak the pure Hebrew tongue ; of these Mr. Garber is one. Mr. Garber continued as the principal of this institution for a period of "six years, or until 1912. This active line of work threw him into contact with the people of his community, and a general recognition of his popular qualities was soon followed by an acknowledgment of his ability and powers of initiative. While the law has since claimed him, he has not lost interest in the institution with which he was identified on first coming to this country, but still looks after its welfare as a member of the board of education, directing its policy. Mr. Garber began the study of law not long after his arrival in America, and, entering the Cleveland Law School, he completed the course and graduated from that institution with the class of 1909, with the degree of Bachelor of Laws, thus graduating before he had become a citizen of the United States. He has continued to be engaged in practice ever since and has a splendid business among his people, his offices being located in the Society 286 - CLEVELAND AND ITS ENVIRONS for Savings Building. He was made a citizen 1910. Mr. Garber is president of the Youngstown Flint Hill Realty Company, of Youngstown, Ohio, and is also largely interested in Cleveland real estate. His national political belief makes him a socialist. He belongs to various societies, including the Sons of Zion, the Council Educational Alliance and the Zionist Provisional Committee, and is very active in Jewish organizations. Among these are the Congress Organization Committee, of which he was elected congressman ; the Jewish Colonization Society of Cleveland, under the name of "Achuzah," of which he is also president, and a number of educational societies. He is very active in and a member of the Peoples Relief of Jewish War Sufferers, an organization which makes house-to-house collections every week of nickels and dimes, thus getting from $300 to $400 every week and having already raised $75,000 in Cleveland just from this source, coming from the poor people. Mr. Garber is a close student and a fluent linguist, speaking the real Hebrew, Yiddish, Russian, English and some German, and being able to converse in French with the aid of a dictionary. His continued progress to his present prominent standing has been the pure result of personal exertions and worth, as he has never been able to apply the assistance of family influence or inherited wealth to his individual affairs. Fortunately, he located in a city where he had many brothers in the unaided struggle for advancement, and where those who have fought their way to an advanced position are quick to recognize merit and manliness. JAMES MADISON HOYT. The annals of the Oleveland bar have been enriched and dignified by a continuous membership of the Hoyt family through a period of eighty years. As a lawyer the late James Madison Hoyt long stood at the head of his profession, but he rendered services almost equally notable in other fields. For many years he, was not in active' practice but gave his time to his real estate interests and his work 'as an active promoter of religious enterprises. This Cleveland citizen of a previous generation was born at Utica, New York, in 1815. Both by training and by nature he was a man of culture. He was graduated from Hamilton College, New York, in 1834, and at once began the study of law. After coming to Cleveland he continued his studies in the office of An drews & Foot. In 1837 he was admitted to the firm, which became Andrews, Foot & Hoyt. When Mr. Andrews went to the bench of the Superior Court in 1848 his partners continued practice as Foot & Hoyt until 1853. In that year James Madison Hoyt withdrew from active practice, and thereafter his business duties were largely in connection with his real estate interests in Cleveland and vicinity. His life touched Cleveland at many points and always for the good of the city and its people. After retiring from the law practice he was in 1854 licensed to preach the Gospel, though he was never ordained. To a singular degree he exemplified the virtues of true Christian manhood, and was closely identified with the work of Protestant churches. In 1854 he was chosen president of the Ohio Baptist State Convention, and was annually reelected to that position for more than twenty-four years. He was also president of the American Baptist Home Mission Society, the national organization for Baptist missions in North America, and he performed the many arduous duties of that office until resigning in 1890. For fifteen years he was president of the Cleveland Bible Society, an auxiliary to the American Bible Society, of which he was one of the vice presidents at the time of his death. While he was never conspicuous in polities, he was elected in 1870 a member of the State Board of Equalization, and in 1873 represented the citizens of Cleveland on the Board of Public Improvement. During his practice as a lawyer he was noted for his thorough scholarship, and with the ample means and leisure of his later years he acquired a genuine and liberal culture such as few men in Ohio excelled. He was well versed in the physical sciences, philosophy and history, and in recognition of his attainments Dennison University at Granville, Ohio, conferred upon him in 1870 the degree LL. D. Through all his active years he contributed liberally to religious and charitable objects, and during the Civil war gave valuable aid in numerous ways to the Union. The death of this honored old Cleveland citizen occurred in April, 1895. He was married in 1836 to Miss Mary Ella Beebe, of New York City. Six children were born to Mr. and Mrs. Hoyt: Rev. Dr. Wayland Hoyt; Ella ; Colgate Hoyt; Mrs. Farmer, of Cleveland; James H.; and Elton Hoyt. The two living are Colgate and Elton. CLEVELAND AND ITS ENVIRONS - 287 JAMES HUMPHREY HOYT was one of the distinguished members of the Cleveland bar for forty years. Besides his prominence in the profession he exerted an influence as a vigorous thinker and a courageous public leader, and the republican party of Ohio recognized him as among its ablest advisers. His position in the bar was well indicated by his senior membership of the firm Hoyt, Dustin, Kelley, McKeehan and Andrews. Much of the splendid prestige of that firm can properly be credited to Mr. Hoyt. Cleveland knew Mr. Hoyt only in the vigor of his manhood, with mind undimmed and with resources unabated. From his large practice as a lawyer he sought recreation during the early winter of 1917 at St. Augustine, Florida, and after a brief illness of pneumonia he passed away in that city March 21st. He was a son of the late James Madison and Mary Ella (Beebe) Hoyt, and was born at Cleveland November 10, 1850. His father, to whom reference is made on other pages, gave up active practice at the Cleveland bar soon after the birth of James Humphrey. The latter was educated in the public schools, prepared for college at Hudson, Ohio, spent one year at Western Reserve University and two years at Amherst College. In 1871 Mr. Hoyt entered Brown University, where he was graduated in 1874. For a year he read, law with Spaulding & Diekman, and in 1875 entered the Harvard Law School, where he was graduated LL. B. with the class of 1877. Mr. Hoyt began his career as a lawyer at Cleveland in partnership with the firm of Wiley, Sherman & Hoyt. The firm subsequently became Sherman & Hoyt, and finally Sherman, Hoyt & Dustin. With the death of Mr. Sherman, Hoyt and Dustin continued in practice, and those two names have stood at the head of a partnership which by various stages has been Hoyt, Dustin & Kelley and now Hoyt, Dustin, Kelley, McKeehan & Andrews. For years the firm had their offices in the Western Reserve Building, but since Mr. Hoyt's death they have been located in the Guardian Building. Mr. Hoyt for the better part of his career gave his primary attention to the civil law. In earlier years he was a resourceful trial lawyer but latterly he was not a familiar figure in the trial courts. He was retained in many of the most important cases involving corporation and business law, and no Ohio lawyer was better versed in the complications Vol. II-19 of business law and practice than Mr. Hoyt. Besides his activities as a lawyer Mr. Hoyt was secretary and director of the Cleveland Cliffs Iron Company, was vice president of the National City Bank, was second vice president and general counsel of the Hocking Valley Railway, was secretary and director of the Pittsburg Steamship Company, the Peavey Steamship Company, the Lake Superior and. Ishpeming Railway Company, and a director of the American Shipbuilding Company and the Superior Savings and Trust Company. He had extensive practice and experience as an orator and was famous as an after dinner speaker. His speeches were distinguished by an exceptional clarity of argument and a breadth and liberality of views which displayed his extensive acquaintance with economic, sociological and political problems. He was also interested in literature, and was a writer of verse at times, several of his collections of poems having been published. He was a member of the Cuyahoga and Ohio Bar and American Bar associations and a director of the Carnegie Pension Fund. He was also a veteran of Troop A of the local Cleveland Military Organization. For years his counsels were an influence and factor in shaping the policies of the republican party in Ohio. In 1895 he was republican candidate for the nomination for governor. He had a wide acquaintance with prominent men all over the country. Former President William H. Taft, President William McKinley, Elihu Root, Elbert H. Gary and Henry Frick were some of the people entertained at different times at the Hoyt home in Cleveland. As a native son of Cleveland Mr. Hoyt seldom failed to grasp an opportunity to give expression to his loyalty and to ally himself with the progressive movement in municipal affairs. He was a director and was identified with various movements promulgated by the Cleveland Chamber of Commerce. He found his chief recreations in motoring and golf. He was a member and president of the Union Club, and a member of the Tavern, Country, Euclid, Roadside, Mayfield Golf, Chagrin Valley and University clubs of Cleveland. He also belonged to the Alpha Delta Phi college fraternity, to the Century Association, the University Club, the Sewanaka-Corinthian Yacht Club, New York Yacht Club and Metropolitan Club of New York City. CLEVELAND AND ITS ENVIRONS - 289 The Hoyt family home is at 2445 Euclid Avenue. This home has long been one of the distinctive centers of Cleveland's best social life. He was married June 17, 1885, to Miss Jessie P. Taintor, of Cleveland. Mrs. Hoyt has done much to build and support two of Cleveland's best known institutions, the Day Nursery and the Lakeside Hospital, and is a director in both. Mr. and Mrs. Hoyt had two children : Katherine Boardman and Elton. Elton was graduated from Yale University in 1910. MAX P. GOODMAN. Of the native sons of Cleveland who have won recognition and standing in professional circles, few are better known than Max P. Goodman, accounted as one of the leading factors in legal and financial circles of the " Sixth City." Mr. Goodman was born at Cleveland, August 28, 1872, being a son of Jacob and Rosa (Herskovitz) Goodman, both of whom were born in Austria-Hungary. They came to the United States in 1864 and located at Wellsville, Ohio, and two years later came to Cleveland, where Mr. Goodman became connected with various mercantile enterprises. He retired about 1898 and lived quietly until his death, which occurred in June, 1912, the mother having passed away in April, 1905. They were married in their native land and were the parents of two sons and three daughters, of whom the living are : Max P., who is the youngest; Mrs. A. M. Frankle, of Youngstown, Ohio; and Mrs. G. M. Wohlgeinuth, of Cleveland. Joseph. Goodman, who was in active business at Cleveland died some years ago when he was thirty-two years of age; Emma, who was Mrs. Frank Frankfort, of Toledo, died in that city a number of years ago. Max P. Goodman, in his career, has furnished an excellent example of an individual rising from a humble position to one of prominence. Those things which he has undertaken he has accomplished, and what he has done he has done himself, for he could look for no family assistance, his parents being in modest circumstances. lie received his education in the public schools of Cleveland, continuing his course until he became a high school student, when, at the age of twelve years, he was obliged to put aside his textbooks, on account of his father's business reverses, which made necessary his assisting in providing for the family's support. Accordingly he faced the situation courageously and began work, at first starting with a small peanut stand, with which he was so successful that it finally developed into a grocery store. After a time his father opened a meat market in connection with this latter enterprise, and they also engaged in selling coal. Max Goodman displayed splendid business ability, and not only possessed strong commercial instinct, but was also endowed with much musical talent, which. he cultivated as opportunity offered, and at the- age of seventeen years began to play a violin in an orchestra, thus adding to his income. For several years he devoted his evenings to studying music, with the intention of following that art as a profession, but during this period found time also to follow his high school studies at home in the evenings, giving particular attention to Latin, grammar and algebra. Two years later he took up the study of shorthand at the Spencerian College of Cleveland and made such rapid advancement therein that after five weeks, Mr. Humphreys, the superintendent, secured a position for him in the law office of the late Charles Zucker. Mr. Goodman did not consider the arrangement anything but temporary, but it proved permanent, for after a short time spent in the office he took up the study of law, to which he devoted the hours usually given over to leisure. He also continued his orchestra work in the evenings and wrote several musical compositions among which was "McKinley's Inaugural March" used at McKinley's inauguration as governor of Ohio. In 1894, when but twenty-two years of age, Mr. Goodman took the law examination before the Supreme Court at Columbus, passing with the highest average except one in a class of fifty-two, this one being a woman. He was then admitted to the bar and began his active practice at Cleveland in what was then Charles Zucker's office, but which is now his own, in the Society for Savings Building. He was associated in the same office with Mr. Zucker until the latter's death, which occurred in 1906, and since then Mr. Goodman has remained alone in the practice of general law, although he specializes in commercial, real estate and corporation law. His ability has taken him into some very important litigation, and his practice at this time is very important and extensive. Mr. Goodman was the promoter of the Youngstown & Ohio River Railroad Company and is one of the directors of that road today, as he is also of the Frankle Brothers Company of Youngstown, the United Knit Goods Company of Cleveland. the M. M. Brown Realty Company of Cleveland, the CLEVELAND AND ITS ENVIRONS - 289 United Furniture Company of Cleveland, the Oppenheim-Collins Company of this city, and the National Safe & Lock Company. He is a member of the advisory board of the Superior Building and Loan Company of Cleveland, and counsel for the American Fire Clay Products Company of this city. Although not now actively interested in politics, for some years he was well known in the ranks of the republican party. In 1900 Mr. Goodman was elected a member of the Cleveland City Council and served one term (two years) as representative of the Fifth District, then comprised of the Fifteenth, Sixteenth and Seventeenth Wards, during which time he introduced the ordinance which resulted in the appointment of the first grade-crossing commitee by Mayor Farley, and which finally accomplished the work of abolishing grade-crossings in the City of Cleveland. While on a pleasure trip to the East he had noticed that numerous cities were abolishing grade-crossings, and, after investigating the systems and securing an outline of the same, returned to Cleveland and drew up the ordinance mentioned, introduced it before the council and had it duly passed. This was later turned into a bill by that body and passed, in the State Legislature, thus compelling the railroads to comply with the new plan and authorizing the appointment of a grade-crossing commission by the mayor of Cleveland. Mr. Goodman is a member and one of the trustees of the Euclid Avenue Temple. He is an officer in the Boy Scouts of America, and belongs to the Masons, as a member of Forrest City Lodge, Free and Accepted Masons, to the Independent Order B'nai B'rith, of which he is a past president, the Cleveland Bar Association, and the Tippecanoe Club. Mr. Goodman has never lost his love for music and still makes his indulgence in this taste his hobby. Mr. Goodman was married December 14, 1909, at Cleveland, to Miss Julia E. Bamberger, of this city, a Gentile lady, and daughter of Frederick C. and Katherine (Wagner) Bamberger. Mr. Bamberger, who was formerly engaged in the undertaking business on the West Side, is now retired from active affairs, and Mrs. Bamberger is deceased. Mrs. Goodman was educated in the public schools of Cleveland, and is a member of the Sisterhood of Euclid Avenue Temple. Mr. and Mrs. Goodman are the parents of two children : Julien Max and Maxine Katherine Rosalind, .both of whom were born at Cleveland. ALFRED L. STEUER. Among the younger members of the Cleveland bar, one who has made rapid advancement during the comparatively short time that he has been before the courts and has attracted to himself a good practice, is Alfred Lawrence Steuer. Mr. Steuer is a native son of Cleveland, and was born June 15, 1892, his parents being Dr. David B. and Emma (Kraus) Steuer. His father is one of the prominent physicians and surgeons of Cleveland, and both father and mother are among the highly respected people of the city, where they have resided for many years. The family consists, in addition to the parents, of three sons and one daughter, Alfred L. being the oldest of the children. Alfred L. Steuer was given his early education in the public schools of Cleveland, and is a graduate of the Cleveland Central High School, class of 1909. After some preparatory work, he then entered Harvard College, from which noted institution he was graduated with the class of 1913, degree of Bachelor of Arts, and following this enrolled as a student in the law department of the same institution. After studying there for a time he began teaching school at Auburn, Ohio. He was admitted to the bar of Ohio before the Supreme Court at Columbus, in December, 1915. Mr. Steuer commenced the practice of his profession at Cleveland, in the office of Max P. Goodman, in the Society for Savings Building. Mr. Steuer is a clean-cut young lawyer, enthusiastic and energetic, with a thorough knowledge of the principles of his calling and the kind of ambition that makes for a splendid future. During the short time that he has been engaged in practice, his clientele has grown steadily, and as his abilities have been shown and have become recognized he has attracted to himself a splendid and healthy business. Mr. Steuer belongs to Cleveland Lodge No. 18, Benevolent and Protective Order of Elks, and to the local lodge of the Knights of Pythias, in which he has numerous friends, as he has, in fact, in the various circles, professional and business, in which he congregates. He has several growing business interests, and is secretary of the Arden Building and Realty Company, and belongs to the Cleveland Bar Association and the Cleveland Civic League. In political matters he has maintained an independent stand, and has found no time from his profession to engage in political affairs. His particular hobby is piano music, of which he has made some study. 290 - CLEVELAND AND ITS ENVIRONS RALPH W. SANBORN has made a name for himself in the law and in republican politics in East Cleveland, and now enjoys a substantial general practice as a lawyer and is also serving as judge of the Municipal Court of East Cleveland. He was born in Cleveland July 14, 1888, a son of Horace R. and Rose M. (Horne) Sanborn, well known residents of East Cleveland. His parents were both born in Cleveland and his father is now assistant cashier of The First National Bank of Cleveland, one of the largest national banks in Ohio. Ralph W. was the second child and the oldest son. Grace, the oldest child and the only daughter is the wife of Capt. Frank E. Locke of Camp Custer, Battle Creek, Michigan. Of the two younger sons, Robert H. is a lieutenant in the United States service as instructor at the United States Engineers Officers Training Camp at Petersburg, Virginia, and Norman P. is a member of the United States Naval Auxiliary Reserve Force. All the children were born in Cleveland. Ralph W. Sanborn attended the East Cleveland grammar schools and graduated from the East High School at Cleveland with the class of 1908. He .subsequently took two years in the engineering course at the University of Michigan, but on returning home entered the Cleveland Law School and was graduated LL. B. in 1914. He was admitted to the Ohio bar before the Supreme Court at Columbus in June, 1914, and at once began practice in Cleveland. After a short period alone he formed his present partnership of Sanborn & McConnell. This firm has offices in the Society for Savings Building and has a growing general practice. He was appointed justice of the peace in September, 1916, by the East Cleveland Council and in November, 1916, was elected judge of the Municipal Court of East Cleveland. He was re-elected justice of the peace in November, 1917. His term as municipal judge is for four years, beginning January 2, 1918. Judge Sanborn has been an active figure in republican politics. He is president of the John Hay Club, is vice president of the East Cleveland Republican Club, is a member of the Cleveland Civic League, the Cleveland Bar Association and the City Club. He is past chancellor of Criterion Lodge No. 68, Knights of Pythias in Cleveland. On December 9, 1916, at the Old Stone Church in Cleveland, Mr. Sanborn married Miss Marion G. Herrick, daughter of the late Colonel and Mrs. J. F, Herrick of East Cleveland. Mrs. Sanborn was born in East Cleveland, is a graduate of the Shaw High School of that city with the class of 1906, and has since studied vocal music with some of the best masters of the art. She is now a soloist in one of the church choirs of Cleveland. Mr. and Mrs. Sanborn reside at 15332 Richmond Place, East Cleveland. AUGUSTUS W. BELL is an attorney engaged in a general practice. He spent most of his life in Cleveland and is a graduate of both the literary and law departments of Western Reserve University. Mr. Bell was born at Keene Center, Essex County, New York, February 10, 1886, son of Thurlow W. and Ida I. (Palmer) Bell, the father a native of Wilmington, New York, and the mother of Elizabethtown that state. They were married at Westport, New York. The Bells were Scotch-Irish people who came from the north of Ireland and settled around Montreal, Canada. Grandfather William Bell was born in Canada, removed to Wilmington, New York, and died there in 1902 at the age of eighty-two. Thurlow W. Bell grew up and learned the business of merchandising at Keene, New York, where he had a general store but for many years has been a traveling salesman representing the Williams Manufacturing Company of Cleveland. He formerly gave all his time to traveling, and has carried his grip and sold goods in practically every part of the United States. He now travels only in the winter and spends his summer looking after his farm of 136 acres in Essex County, New York,. near Wilmington. His wife's people are an old New York State family of English and French extraction. Mrs. Bell's great-grandfather served in the Revolution. Mrs. Thurlow Bell died suddenly of heart failure at Cleveland, August 30, 1913. She was born September 18, 1861. Augustus W. Bell is the only surviving child, his brother Richard having died in infancy. He was educated in Elizabethtown, New York, and in 1904 graduated from the East High School of Cleveland. He then entered the literary department of Western Reserve University, took the classical course and graduated A. B. in 1908. The next three years he spent in the study of law at Western Reserve, and received his Bachelor of .Law degree in 1911. He was admitted to the bar in December of that year, and took up general practice on February 29, 1912. He main- CLEVELAND AND ITS ENVIRONS - 291 tained offices in the Society for Savings Building until January 1, 1918. Mr. Bell is a member of the Cleveland Bar Association, of the Euclid Avenue Baptist Church, of which he has been retained as legal adviser, and takes considerable part in local republican politics, being a member of the Lincoln and Willis Republican clubs. He was formerly a member of the Cleveland Grays. His college society is the Phi Beta Kappa. Mr. Bell is very fond of outdoor life and of books and literary things in general, his chief pastimes being golf, tennis and swimming. ARTHUR B. NEWMAN was a factor in Cleveland business circles even before he completed his high school course. His friends know him as a young man of inexhaustible energy, much given to hard and serious work, all of which accounts for his successful position today in the coal trade of the city. Mr. Newman was born at Cleveland August 10, 1886, a son of Herman C. Newman. His father, who was born in Germany in 1856, learned the building trade there, and in 1873 came to Cleveland and from superintendent became a partner and secretary of the William Dall Company, contractors. He married in Cleveland Julia C. Whieher, and of their three children Arthur B. is the second. Arthur B. Newman was a regular attendant at the Cleveland public schools until 1900, when at the age of fourteen he went to work for the Hough Avenue Bank & Trust Company as clearance clerk. He was subsequently promoted to teller, but in 1904 resigned to resume his education in the East High School, from which he graduated in 1908. As a result of his experience he was well equipped for a business career at the time. of his graduation. For a couple of years he was assistant chief clerk in the claim department of the city water works, but in 1910 resigned to become salesman for the Valley Camp Coal Company. This brought him to his real field of work, the coal business. After selling coal for the Valley Camp Company three years, he was employed in a similar capacity by the Morris Coal Company four years, and then for a year represented the Jefferson Coal Company. For the past year or so he has been manager of the Cleveland office of the Henderson Coal ComPally, one of the largest coal organizations in the Middle West, with headquarters at Pittsburgh. Mr. Newman is a member of Euclid Lodge Ancient Free and Accepted Masons, and in politics is independent. On December 14, 1910, at Cleveland he married Miss Iva E. Rudd and they have one child, Donald Rudd, born September 20, 1913. HENRY B. PUMPHREY. While he was formerly a railroad man, Mr. Pumphrey's name is chiefly associated with some of the important real estate activities and developments in and around Cleveland. He is now practically retired from business. Mr. Pumphrey was born in Harrison County, Ohio, September 14, 1863, a son of Beal W. and Barbara (Ross) Pumphrey. Until he was twenty years of age he lived at home and attended public and select schools in Harrison and Belmont counties. In 1883 Mr. Pumphrey learned telegraphy as an employe of the Cleveland, Lorain & Wheeling Railroad at Piedmont, Ohio. A year later the company sent him to Beach City, Ohio, as their station agent; he remained there seven years, coming to Cleveland in 1891. Following this experience in the railroad business Mr. Pumphrey spent six months in the Spencerian Business College at Cleveland, and forthwith entered the real estate and insurance business. Almost from the first he made a specialty of allotments, and was one of the pioneers in that line in developing Lakewood property. In 1902 he organized the Pumphrey Realty Company, of which he was president. In 1907 he organized the Clifton Land Company, and was president of that corporation until 1913, having made both these organizations highly successful in their special fields. Mr. Pumphrey deserves much credit for the part he has taken in upbuilding Lakewood, and with others he was instrumental in extending Clifton Boulevard from Edgewater Park to Rocky River in Lakewood. While always public spirited and eager to forward any movement in the direction of the welfare of Cleveland, and environs, Mr. Pumphrey has not been active in politics and is an independent voter. ALFRED ATMORE POPE. As a builder of industry the activities of the late Alfred Atmore Pope were not confined to Cleveland, although that city represented his primary work and was his business headquarters for a long period of years. It is his just fame that he was the greatest leader of the malleable iron industry, and had been identified with , that important branch of the iron trade for forty-four years. 292 - CLEVELAND AND ITS ENVIRONS He was born at North Vassalboro, Maine, in 1842, a son of Alton and Theodate (Stack-pole) Pope. The Pope family had prominent relationships with a number of well known Quaker families of New England and Pennsylvania. The family during his early boyhood moved to Salem, Ohio, and he was educated in that old Quaker town. In 1861, at the age of nineteen, he came to Cleveland and in this city acquired his first business experience after spending a year in the high school. He soon entered the woolen manufacturing business conducted by his father and brothers under the name Alton Pope & Sons. In 1869 he entered the malleable iron industry. In the words of the Iron Trade Review : "This became the leading commercial interest of his life and he, associated with men who became his lifelong friends and partners, was foremost in developing the present process of making malleable iron and in extending its manufacture, until now it has become one of the important iron industries in the United States. Rare patience, foresight, fine judgment, absolute justice, untiring devotion to detail, and a gift for inspiring and rewarding the best efforts and stimulating the best qualities of other men were among the many striking elements of Mr. Pope's successful career. His remarkable personality impressed itself upon all who met him." It was under his leadership that the Cleveland Malleable Iron Company grew in importance and reputation. He and his associates extended their operations and finally their several interests were grouped together under the corporation the National Malleable Castings Company, with plants at Cleveland, Chicago, Indianapolis, Toledo, Sharon and Melrose Park. The local business was established in 1868 as the Cleveland Malleable Iron Company by Robert Hanna, S. C. Smith, Orson Spencer, L. M. Pitkin and Frank L. Chamberlain. Still another of his enterprises was the Eberhard Manufacturing Company of Cleveland, established in 1879 for the production of carriage and wagon hardware and saddlery hardware in malleable iron. From a small concern this developed into one of the largest manufacturers of vehicle and saddlery hardware in the world. Mr. Pope's management contributed largely to the development of the Ewart Manufacturing Company of Chicago and Indianapolis, originators of detachable link belting, now part of the Link-Belt Company. At the time of his death Mr. Pope was presi dent of the National Malleable Castings Company and the Eberhard Manufacturing Company, positions he had held since their organization; was a director in the Link-Belt Company of Chicago; the North & Judd Manufacturing Company ; the Landers, Frary & Clark Company of New Britain, Connecticut; the Indiana & Michigan Electric Company of South Bend; the Colonial Trust Company of Waterbury, Connecticut; and the Century Bank of New York. He was a member of the advisory board of the Guardian Savings & Trust Company of Cleveland. With all the weight of responsibilities of these large affairs he found time to serve as trustee of Western Reserve University, as president of Westover School at Middlebury, Connecticut, was a member of the Royal Society of Fine Arts of London, the Visitors' Committee of the Fogg Museum of Fine Arts of Harvard University, was a member of the Union and Country Clubs of Cleveland, the Metropolitan Club of New York City, the Union League Club of Chicago and the Farmington Club of Farmington, Connecticut, where he had his home for a number of years. At Salem, Ohio, in 1866, Mr. Pope married Ada B. Brooks. Their only child is Theodate, wife of John Wallace Riddle of Farmington, Connecticut. In conclusion of this brief sketch of a man whose life meant so much to Cleveland and American industry there should be quoted the memorial adopted by the directors of the National Malleable Castings Company at their annual meeting on September 24, 1913: "Alfred Atmore Pope, the President of this Company ever since its organization in 1891, died at his home in Farmington, Connecticut, Tuesday, August 5, 1913. "From the time he entered the malleable iron business in 1869, first as Secretary and Treasurer and soon as President of the Cleveland Malleable Iron Company, he devoted himself with boundless energy and enthusiasm to its development. He was also largely interested and influential in the malleable iron industry as it developed in Chicago, Indianapolis and Toledo, and under his leadership the properties of all four companies were brought together into one organization. As the steel casting business was added, first at Sharon and more recently at Melrose Park, Mr. Pope was the optimistic, intelligent, guiding spirit. "When we think of his remarkable intellect, his sound judgment and keen vision, his pow- CLEVELAND AND ITS ENVIRONS - 293 ers of absorption and zeal for thoroughness in knowledge and workmanship, his youthful enthusiasm, his great patience and physical endurance, we understand to some extent the reason for his preeminence. His interest in art, in history and philosophy, in higher education, to which he contributed largely of his time and means, not to speak of his intense enjoyment of many of the popular recreations; evidences the breadth and versatility of his nature. His unusual appreciation of the beautiful, not only brought him great pleasure in the realm of art, but added a unique distinction to many products of his commercial genius. He was an idealist, and he made his idealism practical and effective in his business." HENRY F. POPE is of the second generation of a notable group of iron and steel manufacturers of Cleveland and is now president of the National Malleable Castings Company, a business with which he has been identified in different capacities for more than a quarter of a century. He is a nephew of the late Alfred A. Pope, whose talents as a business organizer made possible the vast interrelated industries of which the National Malleable Castings Company was the chief and of which he was president until his death. The grandfather of Mr. Pope was Alton Pope, who came to Cleveland in 1861 and engaged in the woolen manufacturing business under the name Alton Pope & Sons. This industry was discontinued in the '70s and Alton Pope then retired. He died in 1885. He married in Maine, Theodate Stackpole. Their four children, all now deceased, were: Ellen, Edward C., John L. and Alfred A. John L. Pope, father of Henry F., was born in Manchester, Maine, June 13, 1837. He was educated in his native state and spent a number of years of his early life in Salem, Ohio, and in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania. He came to Cleveland in 1861 with his father and in 1864 took an active part in the Alton Pope & Sons woolen factory until the business was discontinued. After that he, too, retired, and spent most of his leisure years in developing various inventions. His death occurred in 1909. At Cleveland in 1865 he married Frances E. Whipple. Of their seven children five are living: Henry F.; Herbert, of Chicago: Dr. Carlyle, of Cleveland; Walter S., of Cleveland; and Arthur, of Cambridge, Massachusetts. Henry F. Pope was born at Cleveland September 10, 1867, was educated in the grammar and Central High schools, graduating from the latter in 1884. He then went to work, first as office boy, then as bookkeeper with the Cleveland Malleable Iron Company, and when in 1891 the National Malleable Castings Company was formed he was promoted to assistant treasurer. This was followed by his election as vice president in 1909 and upon the death of his uncle, Alfred A., he assumed the presidency in September, 1913. He is also a director of the Eberhard Manufacturing Company and the Cleveland Trust Company of Cleveland, and the Link-Belt Company of Chicago. Mr. Pope is a prominent Cleveland man, a trustee of the Western Reserve University and a member of the Union, Country and Mayfield clubs. He is a member of the Presbyterian Church. April 18, 1900, at Cleveland, he married Sarah R. Collins. Their three children are Harriette Frances, attending the Laurel School ; John C., a student in the University School; and Sarah, in the Laurel School. JAMES THOMAS CASSIDY is a Cleveland lawyer, now assistant director of law in the civil department. All his life has been spent in Cleveland and he is a member of a well known family of the city. He was born August 18, 1886, son of the late John M. Cassidy and Bridget (O'Hare) Cassidy. His father was born in Belfast and his mother in Limerick, Ireland, and they were married in Cleveland, where Mrs. Bridget Cassidy still lives. She came to this country with brothers and sisters, other members of her family having preceded her. John M. Cassidy, who came to America alone at the age of seventeen, was a stationary engineer by trade. He filled the position of engineer of the Cleveland City Hall under the late Mayor Robert E. McKisson and was also city hall engineer from 1909 to 1911 under Mayor Herman C. Baehr. He was very active in his ward in republican politics, was a man who made and retained friendships and had a large following in the city. He died at Cleveland, May 21, 1914, when nearly sixty years of age. In the family two sons and one daughter died in early childhood and those still living are four daughters and three sons. James T. Cassidy is a twin brother of Charles A., and they were fourth in order of birth. Charles A. is now manager of The Progress Cloak Company at Columbus, a store owned by the Sunshine Cloak and Suit Company of Cleveland. May is now Mrs. Ferd A. Henry; 294 - CLEVELAND AND ITS ENVIRONS Florence is now Mrs. E. J. Burke of Cleveland, while Anna, Agnes and Harry are still at home. James Thomas Cassidy received his education in the Hough School, one year in the St. Thomas Aquinas Parochial School, and subsequently was a student in St. Ignatius College and for a year and a half in Adelbert College. In preparation for the law he entered the Western Reserve University, spending two years there and then studying privately. In June, 1913, he passed the Ohio State Bar Association and began practice alone with offices in the Engineers Building. He practiced until January, 1916, when he was appointed assistant director of law. He has the responsibility of looking after the negligence branch of the law and the trial of personal injury and damage cases. Mr. Cassidy is an active leader in republican politics in Cleveland. He is a member of the Knights of Columbus, City Club, Cleveland Lodge No. 18 of the Benevolent and Protective Order of Elks, the Young Men's Business Club of Cleveland, the Cleveland Chamber of Commerce and St. Thomas Aquinas Catholic parish. Mr. Cassidy is fond of all forms of out-of-door sports. He is still unmarried and lives at home with his mother at 1339 East Ninety-third Street. EDWARD J. HANRATTY has been a familiar figure in public affairs in Cleveland and Cuyahoga County for many years, and is now sheriff of the county. Mr. Hanratty' was born at Avon Springs, New York, October 31, 1869, a son of Peter Hanratty, who was born in Ireland and was a settler at Avon Springs, New York, in the early '60s. He was a farmer, but later became a broom manufacturer. He died October 5, 1912. In Ireland he married Mary McConville, and they were the parents of nine children, six sons and three daughters. The mother of these children passed away June 16, 1916. Edward J. Hanratty attended the grammar and high schools of Avon Springs, graduating at the age of eighteen. After a yeag of work as salesman in a jewelry store at Buffalo he came to Cleveland in September, 1885, and accepted the position of clerk with the old Newburg House. In 1895, having mastered the hotel business, he bought the Newburg House and operated it as proprietor and manager until May, 1899. He then sold the property and since then has been largely engaged in official affairs. He was appointed city weigher and filled that office until January, 1906, at which date he was appointed chief jailer under .George McGorray, county sheriff. In the fall of 1906 he was elected councilman from the thirteenth ward, serving two terms, and the following year was in the council as councilman at large. He resigned from the city government to become chief deputy under Sheriff Smith, and after four years was elected sheriff, the office he now holds. Mr. Hanratty is a life member of the Benevolent and Protective Order of Elks and the Fraternal Order of Eagles, and is also affiliated with the Loyal Order of Moose, Knights of Columbus, Knights of St. John, and Ancient Order of Hibernians. He is a member of the City Club and the Automobile Club. On September 22, 1910, at Cleveland, Mr. Hanratty married Miss Julia M. Chap. They have two children, Joseph E. and Marie J. ANDREW SQUIRE has been a member of the Cleveland bar more than forty years. His firm, Squire, Sanders & Dempsey, with offices in the Leader-News Building, has maintained this title and an uninterrupted service in the city for over a quarter of a century, and it is not only one of the oldest but one of the strongest legal combinations in the State of Ohio. Mr. Squire possesses good ancestry and birth, was fortunate in his early environment, and to an enviable degree has been able to realize much that he set out to attain in his profession. He was born at Mantua in Portage County, Ohio, October 21, 1850. His parents were Dr. Andrew Jackson and Martha (Wilmot) Squire. Through both father and mother he is descended from old New England families. His father was a capable physician and surgeon, and was born in Ohio in 1815, a date which shows how early the Squire family came West and located in the Western Reserve. His early education was the result of attending the local schools and the Western Reserve Eclectic Institute at Hiram, Ohio, until the age of seventeen. His thoughts as to a future career had been largely influenced by the example of his father, and for a time he pursued medical studies in Cleveland. In a short time he became convinced that his talents and preferences were for the law, and he read law as well as medicine. Subsequently he entered Hiram College, where he was graduated in the regular academic course in 1872. CLEVELAND AND ITS ENVIRONS - 295 in October of the same year he entered the office of Cadwell & Marvin at Cleveland as a law student, and in December, 1873, was admitted to the bar. Since then he has been continuously engaged in professional work and has never allowed politics or other interests to interfere seriously with his distinctive professional service. Not long after he began practice his former preceptor, Mr. Cadwell, was elected to the Common Pleas Bench, and Mr. Squire then formed a partnership with Mr. Marvin. Lieutenant-Governor. Alphonso Hart was subsequently admitted to the firm, which became Marvin, Hart & Squire. After this association was dissolved in 1878 Mr. Squire was successively identified with the firms of Estep & Squire and Estep, Dickey & Squire. On January 1, 1890, he established, with Judge William B. Sanders and James H. Dempsey, the firm of Squire, Sanders & Dempsey, which exists today. With increasing knowledge and experience Mr. Squire has become known as one of the soundest and ablest members of the Ohio bar. For many years he has represented various large corporations, and as a corporation lawyer he is among the first in Cleveland. Mr. Squire is a director of the Bank of Commerce, the Citizens Savings & Trust Company, the Cleveland Stone Company, and has various other financial and business interests. For some years he was a director of the Cleveland & Pittsburg Railway Company, and upon the death of R. F. Smith succeeded the latter as president. Mr. Squire is a republican, has helped maintain the principles of the party and has worked for its success, but has firmly adhered to his policy of never accepting political office for himself. He was a delegate to the Republican National Convention at St. Louis in 1896. Outside of his profession Mr. Squire is perhaps most widely known as a prominent Mason. In the Scottish Rite he has acquired the supreme honorary thirty-third degree. Mr. Squire is a trustee of the Garfield Memorial Association, a member of the American Bar Association and the International Bar Association, in 1909 was president of the Country Club of Cleveland, and is a member of the Union Club, the University Club, both of Cleveland, and the University Club of New York. PROF. JOHN STRONG NEWBERRY. As one of the earliest graduates of Adelbert College of Western Reserve University, and as resident of this city during a portion of his career as a scientist, Cleveland may properly assume some of the credit due to the attainments and achievements of Prof. John Strong Newberry, one of the most eminent scientists and scholars of his time. All his children were born in Cleveland, and two of the sons are among the prominent business men of the city. Professor Newberry. was born on the ancestral homestead at Windsor, Connecticut, December 22, 1822. About two years later the Newberry family emigrated to the Western Reserve of Ohio and settled at Cuyahoga Falls. Here the childhood and youth of the future scholar were spent. Making diligent use of the restricted opportunities of the time he was able to enter Adelbert College, where he graduated in 1846 with the degree A. B., and later received in course the degree Master of Arts. As a vocation he first chose medicine. In 1848 the Medical College of Cleveland awarded him the degree M. D., and be then spent two years abroad at Paris and Vienna. Doctor Newberry located at Cleveland in 1850 and for five years was engaged in a general practice as a physician. He abandoned this work for the more congenial field of botany, geology and paleontology. From 1855 to 1861 he served as surgeon and geologist of expeditions dispatched by the United States War Department to explore Northern California and Oregon under Lieutenant Williamson, and Southern California, New Mexico, Colorado and other sections of the Southwest under Lieutenant Ives and Captain Macomb. Voluminous reports by Professor Newberry of his work on these expeditions were published by the United States Government, and in many cases they constitute the first authoritative accounts of the scientific riches of the Far West. Early in the Civil war Professor Newberry offered his services to the Federal Government and in 1861 was appointed secretary and chief of the Western Department of the United States Sanitary Commission, and the duties of that office kept hiin busy throughout the war. It was in 1866 that he entered upon his most important work. At that date he was appointed Professor of Geology and Paleontology in the School of Mines, Columbia College, New York City, and in 1878 was advanced to the same professorship in Columbia University. He held that chair in this noble old institution until 1890, and rendered most efficient service in establishing and expanding to large propor- 296 - CLEVELAND AND ITS ENVIRONS tions the remarkable and valuable paleontological collections of the institution. In 1869 he was appointed director of the Ohio State Geological Survey, for which he made an extensive report. In 1884 he was commissioned paleontologist of the United States Geological Survey. Professor Newberry was a leading member of many learned societies in America and of several in Europe. For many years he held the office of president of the New York Academy of Sciences, was president of the Torrey Botany Club, president of the American Association for the Advancement of Science, was a charter member of the National Academy of Sciences, and a Fellow of the Geological Society of London. He was an indefatigable and enthusiastic worker and besides his university duties, research studies and public services, his publications on geology, paleontology, zoology and botany comprise over two hundred titles. In recognition of these eminent scientific attainments and services he received numerous honorary distinctions, among them the Murchison Medal in 1884 from the Geological Society of London, and the degree of LL. D. from Western Reserve University in 1867. Professor Newberry possessed high ideals and a distinctive individuality. Prominent in his character were the qualities of justice, prudence, temperance, fortitude and charity. Though always kind and genial, a serious earnestness reflected his sense of right and of the responsibilities of life and its labors. As an instructor he was beloved, respected, and successful, was ever ready with sympathy and assistance for fellow workers in similar scientific pursuits, and to the poor and needy his helping hand was freely extended. He was a great naturalist in the broadest sense of the word, and with his indomitable energy accomplished an extraordinary amount of valuable and important work. Failing health in 1889 obliged Professor Newberry to retire from most of his activities. He died at New Haven, Connecticut, December 7, 1892, in his seventieth year. At Cleveland October 12, 1848, he married Sarah Brownell Gaylord. She was born at Madison, New York, December 16, 1823, a daughter of Erastus F. and Lueetta (Cleveland) Gaylord. The seven children of their marriage, all natives of Cleveland, were : Cleveland Gaylord, born January 28, 1851, and died February 10, 1882 ; Arthur St. John, born December 17, 1853, died November 30, 1912; Spencer Baird, born May 11, 1857; Elizabeth Strong, born August 23, 1860, died in 1894; Wolcott Ely, born September 26, 1862, died June 12, 1898 ; Robert Thorne, born January 22, 1865; and William Belknap, born January 15, 1867. SPENCER BAIRD NEWBERRY, oldest living son of the late distinguished scientist, Professor John Strong Newberry, whose life record is elsewhere published, had many of the scientific inclinations of his honored father and was liberally educated and for some years occupied a chair in one of the leading eastern universities. He then turned his scientific knowledge into the commercial field and for many years has been identified with the manufacture of cement, and is now executive head of the Sandusky Cement Company, one of the largest organizations of the kind in America. Mr. Newberry was born at Cleveland May 11, 1857, and received his early education here, graduating from the Central High school in 1875. He then entered Columbia College at New York, with which his father was then identified, and graduated from the School of Mines in 1878. The following year was spent as an instructor in the department of geology, but in the summer of 1879 he went abroad and was a student of chemistry at the University of Berlin and in the Eeole de Medicine at Paris for two years. After his return to the United States he was awarded the degree Doctor of Philosophy by Columbia University, and then successively served as instructor, assistant professor and acting professor of chemistry at Cornell University until 1892. In 1889 he had been chosen as a United States Commissioner to the Paris Exposition. Mr. Newberry returned to Ohio in 1892 and with his brother Arthur St. John Newberry organized the Sandusky Portland Cement Company, with a factory near Sandusky, now the Sandusky Cement Company. The business of the company steadily increased, and other factories were built at Syracuse, Indiana; Dixon, Illinois, and York, Pennsylvania. At the latter plant white Portland cement is made, a product invented and perfected by Mr. Newberry, and now largely used for ornamental architectural work. Mr. S. B. Newberry was general manager of the business until the death of his brother Arthur St. J., and then succeeded him as president. At this writing The Sandusky Cement Company has a total daily capacity of 7,500 barrels of gray cement and 400 barrels of white cement. CLEVELAND AND ITS ENVIRONS - 297 Mr. Newberry is a member of the American Society of Civil Engineers, the American. Chemical Society, Society of Chemical Industry, and is one of the directors of the Association of Portland Cement Manufacturers. He is a member of the Union Club and Rotary Club of Cleveland, the Cleveland Chamber of Commerce and is a republican voter. HERVEY E. MILLER. From the crucible of hard and difficult experience Hervey E. Miller has attained a successful position in the Cleveland bar. His career is another example of what a youth of exceedingly limited means and unlimited energy and determination can accomplish. He was born at Valier, a village in Jefferson County, Pennsylvania, May 21, 1878. He has behind him solid and substantial American ancestry. In the paternal line he is of Swiss stock, where the name was spelled Mueller. These Muellers came out of Switzerland to Pennsylvania along with some of William Penn's colonists. In the maternal line the Bair ancestry is Holland Dutch and has been in America many generations. Mr. Miller's parents, Henry S. and Mary A. (Bair) Miller, were both natives of Armstrong County, Penn. sylvania. The greater part of their lives they lived on a farm near Valier, where the father died December 27, 1915, at the age of eighty-four, and the mother on March 24, 1917, aged seventy-eight. Henry S. Miller in his earlier days assisted his father in operating a ferry at Braddock, Pennsylvania, also operated a ferry on the Allegheny River, but his chief work was farming. For over forty years he was in continuous service in the Sunday school of the Methodist Episcopal Church at Valier, and was its superintendent when he died. He and his wife were married at Kittanning, Pennsylvania, and became the parents of sixteen children, ten sons and six daughters. Two of them died at the age of twelve and fourteen, all the others grew up and ten are still living. The only members of the family in Ohio are Hervey E. and his next ypunger brother, Ira A. Miller, of the Miller Studios at Cleveland. Hervey E. Miller was twelfth in age of this large family. As a boy and member of a large household there was little opportunity to acquire an education in Pennsylvania. For several years he attended a school conducted in a log schoolhouse close to home. At the age of fourteen he left home and went to New York City, where he willingly accepted any opportunities to work and earn an honest living and thereby secured the means of further education. In New York City he became one of the proteges of William R. George, founder of the George, Jr., Republic, which was started as a fresh air camp for boys from the slums of New York. The history of that institution is well known. Mr. George gathered together some 500 or 600 boys, taking them out to Freeville, New York, and from them organized the George, Jr., Republic. Young Miller was assistant helper with Mr. George when only sixteen years of age and spent about three years at Freeville. During a portion of that time he attended high school at Dryden, three miles away, and later spent a year at Fabius, where he was graduated in the high school in 1898. On leaving high school Mr. Miller went to Pittsburgh and found work in the steel mill district. The object of working there was to secure funds for a college course. Just about that time the Spanish-American war broke out. Young Miller rented a but near the steel mills, boarded himself, doing his own cooking, since he was unable to put up with the food eaten by the foreign laborers in the boarding camps Only those who have actually lived in such an industrial community can appreciate Mr. Miller 's experience. There is perhaps no more desolate environment than that around the steel mills. In such an atmosphere not a tree nor a blade of grass grow. Work in the mills is always hot and tedious toil, and the conditions in the summer season would seem almost intolerable. As Mr. Miller describes it, there was nothing to do but eat, sweat and work and try to keep clean. That chapter of his life is one that Mr. Miller will never forget. After working there for some months he was stricken with the typhoid fever, but even this did. not put a stop to his determination to attend college. From Pittsburgh he went to Ada, Ohio, and presented himself at the doors of the Ohio Northern University. His funds then consisted of two $20 bills. He worked while in college to pay his way, and during vacations earned money in the Schoen Steel Car Works at Pittsburgh.. He gave unremitting diligence to his studies, `` double teamed" both the scientific and law courses, and in June, 1904, received the degrees Bachelor of Science and Bachelor of Laws. He was admitted to the Ohio bar in June of the same year. The following year he spent as a teacher in the Winona Agricultural Institute at Winona Lake. Indiana, and then returned to Cleveland to enter the service of the Land, Title and 298 - CLEVELAND AND ITS ENVIRONS Abstract Company, with whom he remained three years as title attorney and assistant secretary. He left that firm to take up tax work with Mr. Guy Warson, who had a contract for looking after the tai dodgers in Cuyahoga County. Mr. Miller went at this business with characteristic aggressiveness and brought many Standard Oil stockholders to time, and in three months collected $274,000 previously withheld from the tax returns. The tax dodgers then woke up and through the courts secured a decision that the tax law was unconstitutional. As a result Mr. Miller and associates were denied their fees of 20 per cent on collections, and he has never received anything for the work he did. After this experience he entered the general practice of law in Cleveland, and since 1909 his offices have been in the Society for Savings Building. Mr. Miller handles a large amount of real estate, tax and title matters and is one of the best informed men on those subjects among the Cleveland bar. He is secretary, of The Suburban Building Loan & Savings Company, of Berea, which was incorporated in 1916 with a capital stock of $100,000, and is also legal adviser and a stockholder in several other business organizations. Mr. Miller has always been a keen student of public problems and was formerly quite active in politics. To describe his polities it would be necessary to use the three words democratic progressive republican. In the main doctrines of his political faith he is a republican, but he voted for President Wilson and was formerly a leader of the progressive party. In 1911 he was candidate for councilman of the Sixteenth Ward of Cleveland. In 1914 he was on the progressive ticket as candidate for Congress from the Twenty-first District, his opponent being the present Congressman Crosser, democrat. The turmoil of polities has been merely an experience of Mr. Miller's career, and he feels that he is completely Cured of any desire for participation so far as office seeking is concerned. After his campaign for Congress the press of the country referred several times to Mr. Miller's experience. A brief article from Washington correspondents might properly be quoted: "In filing the account of his expenses as required under the Corrupt Practices Aet, Hervey E. Miller of Cleveland, progressive candidate for Congress in the 21st District, indulged in soliloquy which reached Clerk Trimble of the House of Representatives today. After saying he had expended eighty-three dollars seventy- five cents, Miller reported : 'I received large quantities of advice of no practical value, many pledges of support (uncollectable), generous donations of criticism from enemies and good wishes from friends. No promises made except never to do it again, I'm cured.' " Since 1915 Mr. Miller has had his home at Berea, a town twelve miles from Cleveland in Cuyahoga County, and in a scholastic atmosphere. He is now one of the councilmen of Berea, and a movement was recently instituted to get him to accept the nomination for mayor of Berea in the fall of 1917. In matters of social reform Mr. Miller has always been on the side of prohibition, and in 1915 had charge of the dry campaign organization in the first six wards of Cleveland and the towns and townships west of the river in Cuyahoga County. While at Cleveland he was superintendent of the Sunday school of the Grace Methodist Episcopal Church seven years and was teacher of one of the largest Baraca Bible classes in Cleveland, consisting of seventy-five young men. This class won the city baseball championship cup two years in succession. Mr. Miller has been admitted to practice in the United States courts and has a rapidly growing general practice. He is a member of the Civic League of Cleveland, the Cleveland Bar Association and the Berea Methodist Episcopal Church. He was a charter member of the Chapter of the Theta Nu Epsilon fraternity at Ohio Northern University. At Detroit, July 4, 1904, he married Miss E. Blanche Slaugenhaupt. Mr. and Mrs. Miller were children together in Valier, Pennsylvania. She was born in Titusville, Pennsylvania, daughter of E. H. and Harriet M. (Daubenspeek) Slaugenhaupt, both of whom are now living in Berea. Mrs. Miller was educated at Jamestown, New York, a graduate of the high school there, and also of the Jamestown Business College. They are the parents of five children, the first two born in Newark, Ohio, the next two in Cleveland and the youngest in Berea. Their names are: Hervey E., Jr., Melvin Van Lehr, Leila Ruth, Alfred Frederick Byers and Harriet Lucile. CHARLES A. PATTERSON is one of Cleveland's leading foundrymen, and that is a business which both he and his father have followed through an aggregate of nearly half a century. Charles A. Patterson is now manager and secretary of the Fulton Foundry & Machine Company. This is one of the big and important industries of its kind in the city. It was es- CLEVELAND AND ITS ENVIRONS - 299 tablished in 1872 by Samuel Carpenter. In 1889 it was taken over by C. J. Langdon and 5. W. Team. and.in 1901 incorporated with Mr. Born as president, C. J. Langdon vice president and manager, and S. W. Tucker secretary and treasurer. Mr. Langdon succeeded to the position of secretary and treasurer resigned by Mr. Tucker in 1905. E. E. Manning came into the corporation in 1915 as president and treasurer, C. J. Langdon returning to the former position as vice president, while at that time Mr. C. A. Patterson became identified with the business as secretary and general manager. In January, 1917, at the death of Mr. Manning, C. F. Mead was elected president and treasurer. The Fulton Foundry & Machine Company manufactures gray iron castings and specializes in an acid-proof material which they have been putting on the market for forty years or more. They also specialize in machinery castings and castings for rolling mills and furnaces. It is a business which employs from 170 to 185 .men and the plant covering two acres of space has been in complete and continuous operation for a number of years. Charles A. Patterson was born at Cleveland. March 6, 1872. His father, Charles Patterson, Sr., who was born in Cavan, Ireland, November 8, 1838, was brought to Cleveland by his parents in 1848. Here he continued to attend public schools until the age of eighteen, and learned the foundry trade by an apprenticeship of five years with the old firm of Pettingail & Glass. Following that he traveled throughout the South and West as a journeyman foundryman until 1868, in which year he accepted an opportunity to engage in the grain business at San Francisco. A few years later selling out his interests in the West he returned to Cleveland and here he first took up contracting and in 1882 established the City Foundry Company. This was operated by him until 1898, when he sold the plant and established The Patterson Foundry Company. This industry was sold to the Ajax Manufacturing Company in 1907. After that Charles Patterson lived retired until his death in 1909. He was independent in politics and a member of the Catholic Church. At Cleveland in 1862 he married Eliza Farrell. She was born on Bolivar Street in Cleveland in 1840. One of a family of seven children, Charles A. Patterson acquired a liberal education as a preparation for his life work. He attended the local grammar schools, the West High School from which he graduated in 1890, and in 1894 he completed his literary education in Assumption College at Sandwich, Ontario, Canada. From that time forward he has been identified with some phase of the foundry business at Cleveland. He first served an apprenticeship of two and a half years as a moulder with the City Foundry Company, which at that time was owned by his father. He gradually assumed more and more responsibilities in connection with the management of this until it was sold in 1898. He was an active associate with his father and other brothers in establishing the Patterson Foundry Company, and was its manager until the business was acquired by the Ajax Manufacturing Company in 1907. For the past ten years his associations have been with the Fulton Foundry & Machine Company, first as assistant manager, and since 1915 as secretary, manager and director. He is also secretary and director of the Atlantic Foundry Company. Mr. Patterson is a member of the Cleveland Chamber of Commerce, votes his politics independently, and with his family worships in the Catholic faith. At Cleveland October 11, 1899, he married Margaret M. Deasy, Their three children are : Charles J., Kent J., and Margaret M. The two sons are both in high school and the daughter is attending Notre Dame Convent. GILBERT EUGENE MORGAN, junior member of the law firm of C. F. & G. E. Morgan, for several years past has been particularly interested in his profession in connection with the organizations of export corporations. He was born at Cleveland, Ohio, December 18, 1887, a son of Charles F. and Mary (Roach) Morgan, and a grandson of John and Elizabeth (Leonard) Morgan. Charles F. Morgan, his father, was born at Oberlin, Ohio, August 3, 1851, and was graduated from Oberlin College August 7, 1872, being admitted to the bar of Ohio at Cleveland in 1874. Since that time he has been engaged in the practice of law. After attending the graded schools of Cleveland, Mr. Morgan, Jr., entered Shaw High School, of East Cleveland, and graduated therefrom in 1905. His education was completed at Western Reserve University in 1910, in which year he was graduated, and the same year was admitted to the bar of Ohio. At that time he engaged in a general practice, but in the following October entered the employ of the Standard Oil Company of New Jersey, in organizing sales companies in the Argentine Republic, the republic