150 - CLEVELAND AND ITS ENVIRONS in this way were Irving's works, Bunyan's famous allegory and other religious works. “My next opportunity for obtaining good reading was at Case Library. I shall never forget the pleasure I took in selecting books from dear old Case. A membership ticket for one year at Case was then $3 and it was worth it. I could draw a book, two volumes if I wished, and could keep them four weeks by renewing them at the end of two weeks by postal card. I usually selected a heavy book. By 'heavy' I mean one that contained good substantial matter. In that way I had reading that would last me a month. This enabled me to read a little each day without interfering with my household duties. "For a number of years my reading was along the line of history, which I read from the standpoint of many authors, such as Rawlinson, Wilkinson, Grote, Gibbon, Hume, Macauley, Bancroft, Draper and Buckle. The last two writers especially interested me, as they treated their subjects from a philosophical standpoint, From history I drifted to archeology to the Mound Builders by many authors, and to Layard in Nineveh in Babylon. Then it was books on natural science. I read Humboldt's works, also books on astronomy and geology. I loved the translations from the French authors on scientific subjects. "After a time it came to me that I was sadly deficient in poetry. So I studied Shakespeare, Milton, Tasso, Dante. These were the great poets. Next I studied many of the English and American poets. Again I would have seasons when nothing would so delight me as books of travel. I have explored mines, climbed the mountains, traversed deserts. I have sailed every sea and visited every land on the globe in imagination." Mrs. Snow had almost reached middle life before she began to write for publication. She did so largely through the suggestion of friends, and her first articles were published in a magazine in Cleveland. Through acquaintance with Mr. M. E. Williams, for many years one of the most able editors of the Ohio Farmer of Cleveland, she began contributing to that and other farm journals of the country, not only specific articles relating to the farm, the home, the dairy, but also covering much wider fields. A series of sketches of the early history of the Township of Parma were published in the Cleveland Herald. Her first book review, prepared at the suggestion of John Hutchins, the Cleveland attorney, was on Tennyson's drama of Queen Mary and appeared in the Cleveland Leader. She was also associated for a time on the staff of the Household Realm at Cleveland with such other women writers as Mrs. Ella Sturtevant Webb, Mrs. S. Louise Patteson and Agnes Warner McClelland, all members of the Cleveland Woman's Press Club. She also wrote occasional articles for the religious press, including the Western Christian Advocate and the Jewish Review and Observer. One of the healthful influences toward improving her ability as a writer she describes as follows: "Among my later day helpers along the line of correct writing, Mrs. Stella M. Collart, a successful writer of photoplays, is deserving of more than mere mention. Mrs. Collert and myself were near neighbors for a number of years, and as we both aspired to authorship, we together took a systematic course in grammar and rhetoric. We reviewed our school books, then studied such authors as Richard Grant White, Brander Matthews, Hamilton Mabie and others." Others to whom she has attributed helpfulness in many ways in her literary career are Mr. A. E. Hyre, her cousin, W. R. Coates, and her many associates in the Cleveland Woman's Press Club and other organizations. Mrs. Snow is author of a short history of the Coates, Wilcox and Teachout families. Also women of Tennyson and a life of William McKinley, the preparation of which was suggested by Miss Anne C. Granger, to whom the book is dedicated. Mrs. Snow became a member of the Cleveland Woman's Press Club in 1887 and was associated with all its leading members and also with the members of the Poet's Round Table, and in her memoirs she refers specifically to practically all the prominent women writers of Cleveland who were connected with these organizations in the past thirty years. Mrs. Snow is frequently referred to as the pioneer in the field of parlor lecturers. To this she was also directed by the suggestion and interest of friends, and her first lecture was delivered on the West Side on the subject of Egypt, a country which was then attracting much interest. From that beginning her work extended to different quarters of the city, and eventually involved a long list of subjects, including some of the great figures of history and great works of literature. Mrs. Snow was a member of one of the early Chautauqua classes held in the Village of Brooklyn, and since 1892 has been a prom- CLEVELAND AND ITS ENVIRONS - 151 inent member of the woman's clubs of Cleveland. For her many activities in these clubs, including the Woman's Relief Corps, the Literary Guild aqd other organizations, repeated honors have been bestowed upon Mrs. Snow. About two years ago the Cleveland Woman's Club arranged to have an oil painting of Mrs. Snow made and given a place of honor in the clubrooms. As already noted, her religious life and experience covers nearly fourscore years. As a girl she came under the influence of ministers of different denominations, and finally united with the Methodist Church at Brighton. When, after her husband's death in January, 1892, Mrs. Snow came to Cleveland to live with her daughter, Mrs. Brainerd, she united with St. John's Episcopal Church, her father's ancestors having been of that faith. In these two denominations Mrs. Snow has been active in the various church and missionary societies. Without describing her life in further detail, it is obvious even from this brief sketch that Mrs. Snow has lived largely and with heart and mind open to the biggest and most vital things either within the scope of her intellect or in the performance of those commonplace duties that are unchanging and unchanged from generation to generation. A juster and higher tribute was never paid her than when on one of the occasions of public honor at which she was the guest someone wrote: "Our old friend is the type of womanhood on which rests the best development of the nation." JESSSE K. BRAINERD. A long life signalized by associations both with the pioneer and modern epochs of Cleveland, characterized by high purpose and ideals and real success in business affairs was that of the late Jesse K. Brainerd, who died at his home in Cleveland October 5, 1911, when in his ninetieth year. His parents, Cephas and Lydia (Edwards) Brainerd, were identified with the earliest settlement of Cuyahoga County, located about a century ago and establishing a home in Brooklyn Township, on land now included in the City of Cleveland. It was in the old village of Brooklyn that Jesse K. Brainerd was born August 17, 1822. As a boy he attended the district schools and the Brooklyn Village Academy, completing his education when about seventeen years old. For four years he taught school, but his real talents and incli nations were for practical affairs. At one time he operated his father's farm, but left the farm to establish a general store at Independence, Ohio. He finally returned to manage the old homestead until after the death of his parents. Mr. Brainerd was one of the early factors in the oil industry, and was also in the real estate business, iu both of which he showed unusual judgment and was successful himself and rendered an important service to his many clients. Mr. Brainerd was for many years identified with the National Screw and Tack Company of Cleveland and also the National Acme Manufacturing Company and the Cleveland Boat Manufacturing Company. He was always remarkable for his keen business judgment and force of character, and much of his success was doubtless due to the practice of a rule which he often advised young people to follow, that of saving something from their income every year as a provision against old age. Mr. Brainerd was in one sense an old fashioned man, in that he sought no relations with fraternities or clubs. Outside of home his greatest interest was the Methodist Episcopal Church, and through his religion he expressed some of the best enthusiasm of his life. He was a liberal contributor to the church and also to the important charities of the city and no case of need was ever brought to his attention without receiving some practical helpfulness. He never missed a vote at presidential elections, and beginning his allegiance with the whig party he was a loyal republican until his death. September 24, 1845, Mr. Brainerd married Miss Malina A. Sackett. They walked the pathway of life together for sixty-five years, and at the time of his death they were undoubtedly one of the very oldest couples in Cuyahoga County. The widow survived her honored husband about three years, passing away November 19, 1914. She was born at Turin, New York, in 1825, and was twelve years of age when she came with her parents, Mr. and Mrs. Edmund Sackett, to South Brooklyn, Cuyahoga County. She grew to womanhood in that vicinity, attended school there and became acquainted with the young schoolmaster whom she afterwards married. Her life was also extended through nearly ninety years and in that lifetime she had witnessed the old candle, the kerosene lamp, gas lighting and electricity, and as a girl her familiar household industries were spinning, weaving and cloth making. After 152 - CLEVELAND AND ITS ENVIRONS CLEVELAND AND ITS ENVIRONS - 153 her marriage she lived at Independence, Ohio, and she and her young husband, then a merchant, were among the social leaders of the town, and their home was noted for its liberal hospitality and also a place where many a sick and unfortunate one was carefully nursed and cared for, Mrs. Brainerd was devoted to her church, but the best of her character was expressed in devotion to her children and closest friends. After the death of her husband she lived with her son, Mr. C. W. Brainerd. Besides her children she was survived by seven grandchildren and five great-grandchildren. Mr. and Mrs. Brainerd had three children: Mrs. Frances Josephine Gates, widow of Lafayette Gates, Eva Malina, wife of Edwin Stimson, and Charles W. Brainerd. CHARLES W. BRAINERD, only son of the late Jesse K. Brainerd, whose life has been reviewed on other pages, is one of the representative business men and substantial citizens of Cleveland, where he has spent most of his life, and among other business and banking connections is vice president of the National Screw and Tack Company. He was born in Cuyahoga County in 1861, and received his early education in the public schools of Brooklyn Village. He also attended the Spencerian Business College. At the age of twenty he began his business career in an oil refinery in Pennsylvania, and was there three years. His first position with the National Screw and Tack Company was as office clerk. In 1893 he became secretary of the company and from that was promoted to his present office' as vice president. In 1886 Mr. Brainerd married Miss Bertha Snow, daughter of Jane Elliott Snow, one of the most prominent of Cleveland's women, whose noble career is sketched on other pages. Mr. and Mrs. Brainerd have two daughters, Mrs. Charles M. Lemperly, of Lakewood, and Mrs. A. D. Taylor, of Cleveland. The Brainerd home is in an ideal residence section of Cleveland at 12903 Lake Avenue in Lakewood. Mr. Brainerd is a member of the Cleveland Chamber of Commerce, Clifton Club, First Congregational Church and in politics is a republican. MRS. CHARLES W. BRAINERD is a fine example of the twentieth century American woman and as such deServes a few lines under her individual name in this publication. Mrs. Brainerd is essentially domestic, a lover of her beautiful home, which she looks after with master hand, and at the same time is an enthusiastic worker in Red Cross and philanthropic affairs. One day in the week is devoted to "canteen" work for the United States Army, another to surgical dressings at the West Side Red Cross and odd moments are given to knitting. She is secretary of the Western Reserve Chapter of the Daughters of the American Revolution, her membership in that patriotic order being due to the service her great-grandfather on the Snow side rendered as a fighting minute man in the battle of Bunker Hill. Mrs. Brainerd has done much to aid the practical work done at Camp Sherman and for the Belgian Relief. She is a member of the First Congregational Church on Franklin Avenue and active in its various interests. One of her special philanthropies for a number of years has been the Central Friendly Inn. Bertha Snow, the name she bore until her marriage, was born in a farm home at Parma, Ohio. Her parents were W. C. and Jane Elliott Snow, and that she was nobly reared needs no other evidence than the name of her mother, one of Cleveland's best known women. She grew to womanhood amid surroundings peculiar to the rural life of Ohio, attending district schools, church and Sunday school at Brighton: now South Brooklyn, and later was a student in Mr. Treat's School at Brighton and the West High School in Cleveland. She taught several terms of school and on November 18, 1886, became the wife of Mr. Charles Brainerd. After their marriage they resided for a few years near Warren, Pennsylvania. In Cleveland their home for a number of years was on Clinton Avenue, until they removed to their present residence 12903 Lake Avenue in Lakewood. With her husband Mrs. Brainerd has traveled extensively in this country, both south, east and west. They have visited the Pacific coast three times and Yellowstone National Park twice. They have two daughters: Eva, Mrs. C. M. Lemperlv, of Manor Park Avenue. Lakewood ; and Genevieve, Mrs. A. D. Taylor, of South Boulevard, Cleveland Heights. HON. JAMES MONROE was one of the distinguished Ohioans of the last century, and for nearly half a century his activities were identified with Oberlin College. He was born at Plainfield, Connecticut, July 18, 1821, and died at Oberlin, Ohio, July 6, 1898, at the age of 77. He was reared in CLEVELAND AND ITS ENVIRONS - 151 Ohio and completed his education in Oberlin College, where he graduated A. B. in 1846. During his senior year he had served as an assistant teacher in the college and was tutor from 1846 to 1848. In 1849 he graduated from Oberlin Seminary, and was awarded the degree Master of Arts in 1850. In 1882 the University of Nebraska conferred upon him the honorary degree LL. D. From 1849 to 1862 he was professor of rhetoric and belles-lettres at Oberlin, and in the meantime had taken a prominent part in public affairs, using his gifts as an orator and his trained mind in combating the slavery traffic. He was elected a member of the lower branch of the Ohio Legislature and served from 1856 to 1859, and was a member of the State Senate from 1860 to 1862 and president of the Senate. He resigned his seat in the Senate in October, 1862, and likewise his chair at Oberlin to accept the United States Consulship at Rio de Janeiro, which he held from 1863 to 1869. For several months he was charge d'affairs ad interim. He early became a firm and fast friend of James A. Garfield, and when the latter was elected president he offered Professor Monroe the post of minister to Brazil. But the death of Garfield immediately prevented his taking this post. On his return to the United States Professor Moroe's services were again sought, and on the republican ticket he was elected to Congress for five successive terms. serving from March 4, 1871, to March, 1881. During that time he resumed his active connection with Oberlin College, serving as corresponding member for the Alumni on the Board of Trustees from 1873 to 1875, as member of the Board of Trustees from 1873 to 1874, and as Professor of Political Science and International Law in 1883-84. From 1884 until 1896. when he severed his active relations. just fifty years after he graduated, he was Professor of Political Science and Modern History. In that position he occupied what is known as the Monroe Professorship, a chair which was founded through a subscription of $50,000 raised for that purpose. Professor Monroe is remembered by all the older student body of Oberlin as a very eloquent speaker, a man of refined and cultivated manners and tastes, and of very splendid address and carriage. Though of studious nature, he was as much at home on the public rostrum as in his library, and he spoke with a depth of understanding and reserve force that always carried conviction. He was an active member of the Congregational Church. James Monroe married for his first wife Miss Elizabeth Maxwell, a native of Mansfield, Ohio. Their romance began while she was a student of Oberlin College, and she graduated there. They were parents of five children, three of whom are still living. The second in age was Mary B. Monroe, who died in October, 1917, at the old home in Oberlin, where she was long prominent in college affairs. One other child died in infancy. The living children are: Mrs. C. N. Fitch, wife of Rev. Mr. Fitch of New York City ; Charles E., an attorney at Milwaukee, and William M., one of the prominent lawyers of Cleveland, elsewhere referred to. Professor James Monroe married for his second wife Miss Julia F. Finney, of Oberlin, daughter of Col. Charles Grandison Finney, for many years president of Oberlin College and for whom a memorial building stands on the campus today. Mrs. James Monroe is still living at Oberlin. WILLIAM M. MONROE has for many years maintained a consistent record as a successful and expert patent attorney at Cleveland. During that time his services have been sought in many important cases involving the examinations for patent infringements, as solicitor of patents, and in other branches of his specialty. Mr. Monroe was born at Oberlin, Ohio, son of Professor James and Elizabeth (Maxwell) Monroe, referred to on other pages. He was only two years old when his mother died. He grew up at Oberlin. attended the preparatory school and finished the sophomore year in Oberlin College. Coming to Cleveland, he entered the office of M. D. Leggett & Company, patent attorneys. He was with that firm about three years, industriously studying patent law and engineering. That preliminary training he has re-enforced by a constant study and an extensive experience built up on his private practice. He has always practiced alone, and his reputation is that of one of the leading patent attorneys of Ohio. For about twenty years he had his offices in the Society for Savings Building, but in 1916 moved to the Engineers Building. He is also interested in a number of manufacturing enterprises at Cleveland and elsewhere. Mr. Monroe is a republican, a member of the Cleveland Chamber of Commerce, and he 154 - CLEVELAND AND ITS ENVIRONS and his wife belong to the East Cleveland Baptist Church. The family spend their summer months in a beautiful home at Willoughby, Ohio. October 26, 1897, in Cleveland, in the old Stewart home on Wilson Avenue, Mr. Monroe married Miss Ida May Stewart, daughter of the late William H. and Margaret (Doherty) Stewart. The history of her father's family appears on other pages. Mrs. Monroe was born on Laurel Street in Cleveland and finished her education in the Miss Mittleberger's School. Mr. and Mrs. Monroe have two sons, Stewart and William, both natives of Cleveland. They are ex-students of the Shaw High School, and William Monroe is now attending the Staunton Military Academy at Staunton, Virginia, of which Stewart Monroe is now a graduate. HARVEY EDWARD HACKEMBERG. There has apparently been an unbroken continuity in Mr. Hackenberg's progress and rise to important business responsibilities ever since he came to Cleveland more than thirty-five years ago. He is now one of the chief executive officers of the National Carbon Company, Incorporated, and has always identified himself in a public-spirited manner with Cleveland's larger movements in the direction of civic growth and expansion. Mr. Hackenberg was born in Northumberland, Pennsylvania, March 8, 1864. He is a son of Albert Hackenberg, a native of Selinsgrove, Pennsylvania, and who is now living retired at Northumberland at the age of eighty-two. The mother, whose maiden name was Maria Brouse, died in 1914. Mr. Hackenberg was educated in the public schools of his native town, and on leaving high school at the age of seventeen came immediately to Cleveland. For a brief time only he was merged with the rank and file of those who in comparative obscurity carry on the work of the world. From the latter part of 1881 to 1883 he worked as a clerk with the firm of Tuttle, Masters & Company, iron ore merchants. About this time Mr. Tuttle's withdrawal from the business led to the adoption of the firm name of Masters & Company. With this new firm Mr. Hackenberg continued about a year, when he entered into other relations. In the winter of 1882 Willis U. Masters had formed a partnership with W. H. Boulton under the firm name of the Boulton Carbon Company. They began the manufacture of electric lighting carbons. That industry was then in its infancy, lighting by electricity itself being little more than in an experimental stage. In 1885 Mr. Hackenberg was transferred to this company, becoming general clerk, a position he filled until 1888. In 1886 the business was incorporated under the name of The National Carbon Company of Ohio, and in 1888 Mr. Hackenberg was elected its secretary. In 1899 several companies engaged in the same lines of manufacture, combined under the name of National Carbon Company of New Jersey, and on the first of February of that year Mr. Hackenberg was elected treasurer and had since held that office. On February 20, 1912, he was elected vice president of the company, and on March 18, 1912, was again elected secretary. May 1, 1917, the National Carbon Company, Incorporated, a New York corporation, succeeded the National Carbon Company of New Jersey, and Mr. Hackenberg continues with it in the capacity of vice president, secretary and treasurer. Mr. Hackenberg has had at different times numerous relations with business enterprises at Cleveland and elsewhere, and is a director of the Union Commerce National Bank of Cleveland. He is a member of the Union Club of Cleveland, the Clifton Club of Lakewood, and the Westwood Country Club, and is identified with many organizations of a commercial character, including the Cleveland Chamber of Commerce, the Cleveland Chamber of Industry, Ohio State Board of Commerce, Cleveland Engineering Society, Electrical League and similar organizations. Just recently Mr. Hackenberg completed a new home, "Oakcrest," at 12506 West Shore Drive in Lakewood. He married June 18, 1903, Miss Addie May Lawrence, daughter of the late 0. C. Lawrence and a niece of the late Washington H. Lawrence, who up to the time of his death in 1900 was president of the National Carbon Company. Mr. and Mrs. Hackenberg are members of the First Baptist church of Cleveland, and he is a member of the board of trustees. WILLIAM HARRISON STEWART, a resident of Cleveland more than half a century, was for nearly forty years active in the service of the Pennsylvania Railway Company and was individually prominent in local business affairs. He came to Cleveland with his parents in 1843, being at the time eight years of age. He was born at North Hero, Grand Isle County, CLEVELAND AND ITS ENVIRONS - 155 Vermont,. December 28, 1835. After a limited education in the Cleveland schools he entered the service of the old Pittsburgh & Cleveland Railroad Company in 1853. His first post of responsibility was as a clerk in the Cleveland freight station. He had the steadiness, reliability, faithfulness and discipline that are ideal qualities in a railroad man, and was always on the up grade of promotion. He was made freight agent of the pier depot of the company, and in 1877 was advanced to general freight agent, and in 1878 became division freight agent of all the Pennsylvania lines from Cleveland to Pittsburgh with their various branches. As division traffic manager he remained on duty at Cleveland until he had completed thirty-nine years of consecutive railroad service. He resigned and retired to private life in 1892 and his death occurred at his home on East 55th Street in Cleveland July 26, 1909, at the age of 73 years and 7 months. In 1870 Mr. Stewart entered into a partnership with his brother, J. G. Stewart. and John Holland of Cleveland, in the sandstone business. They organized the Forest City Stone Company, with quarries at Euclid. Later they opened a stone quarry on the Big Four Railroad at Columbia Station. About this time the business was incorporated as the Forest City Stone Company, with offices in the Arcade on Euclid Avenue. Later his son, the late W. C. Stewart. took the share of J. G. Stewart. and in 1897 the Forest City Stone Company was sold to the Cleveland Stone Company. For more than thirty years Mr. Stewart was a member of the Euclid Avenue Baptist Church, and his last membership was with the First Baptist Church. He married, January 22. 1835. Miss Margaret Doherty of Cleveland, Ohio. She died at Cleveland in 1871. Mr. Stewart was always faithful to the memory of his first wife and never remarried. He was the father of six children, four daughters and two sons. two of the daughters dying in childhood. The only one still living is Mrs. William M. Monroe of Cleveland. At his death Mr. Stewart was survived by two children. but the son. W. C. Stewart of New York City. has since died. William C. Stew-art's daughter is Mrs. Nonnie S. Leeds, whose name is widely known both in this country and in Europe. Mrs. Leeds now resides at 41 Grosvenor Square House. at London, England. She is the widow of the late tin plate king, William S. Leeds. Both William C. Stewart and wife at their death were laid to rest in a beautiful mausoleum at Woodlawn, just outside New York City, built by Mrs. Leeds. JOSEPH P. JERKA. At the age of twenty-seven, Joseph P. Jerka is treasurer and general manager of one of the largest building supply merchandising Concerns of northern Ohio. Born in Chicago, January 5, 1890, son of John and Antonette Jerka, he has been a resident of Cleveland only two years. In 1906, at the age of 16, he graduated from a Chicago high school and for two years was a student in Northwestern University. He was undoubtedly fortunate in the choice of his first work, since it has been with him a permanent field where his abilities have had full scope. For one year after leaving college he had charge of the city teaming department in Chicago of the Universal Portland Cement Company. The company then sent him on the road as a traveling salesman and he sold cement and carried forward the general educational campaign of the company until July, 1915. At that date he came to Cleveland as assistant general manager of the Lake Erie Builders Supply Company. In the following December he was promoted to treasurer, general manager and a director of the company. This company is a reorganization of the old Lake Erie Builders Supply Company, the assets of which were bought from II. A. Hauxhurst, the receiver. The nresent officers of the company are: T. J. Hyman. president, who is also vice president of the Universal Portland Cement Company of Chicago and is secretary and treasurer of the Illinois Steel Company and many other big industries: S. Newell. secretary, and .Ioscph P. Jerks, treasurer and general manager. The Lake Erie Builders Supply Company sell and distribute an immense volume of products to four Cleveland plants.' Plant No. 1 is at 1220 East 55th Street No. 2 at 8101 West Franklin Avenue: No. 3 at Rocky River. and No. 4 at 9:146 Wnndhill Road. The general offices and hriek display rooms are in the Schofield Building. The company employs 180 people. operates 58 teams and 7 motor trucks. and it is noteworthy that for the year 1918 sales ineresQed over the preceding year by forty per rent, while up to June 3. 1917, 156 - CLEVELAND AND ITS ENVIRONS as compared with the previous twelve months, the increase of sales was more than fifty per cent. Mr. Jerks, who is unmarried, is actively identified with Cleveland business and social life, is a member of the Ohio Builders Supply Dealers Association, the Cleveland Builders Exchange, the Cleveland Chamber of Commerce, and is a member of the Elks, the United Commercial Travelers, the Egyptian Hustlers, the Cleveland Athletic Club, Cleveland Yacht Club, East Shore Country Club. In politics he is independent. DAVIS HAWLEY has been a factor in Cleveland's business affairs for fully half a century. His advent to Cleveland when a boy was not a notable circumstance and for some years he worked quietly and in rather humble capacity, attracting attention only from his immediate friends and associates. Mr. Hawley is now at the head of some of Cleveland's prominent financial and business organizations. He was born near Hamilton, Ontario, Canada, September 18, 1850, son of Davis and Sarah Amelia (Lake) Hawley. His father was born at Napanee, Canada,.March 17, 1806, was educated there and for a time taught school. In the '40s he moved to Hamilton, Ontario, where he operated a sawmill, but later returned to Napanee and was a farmer until his death in 1863. Davis Hawley was only thirteen years of age when his father died. He continued to attend the public schools until fifteen, and then came to Cleveland about the close of the Civil war with only $25 in cash. For three years he worked as cigar boy in the Weddell House. Bousfield & Poole, woodenware and match manufacturers, then sent him on the road as a salesman for a year. His next connection was with the White Sewing Machine Company in charge of one of their departments for three years, and he then went back to hotel work as clerk in the Clinton Hotel in 1873. He is widely known as one of the old time hotel men of Cleveland. In 1882 he and his brother, David Hawley, built the Hawley House, and its operation was continued under their ownership and management until 1901, when Davis sold out his interests to his brother. One of the important financial enterprises of Cleveland, having especially to do with the encouragement of thrift and home building, is The Cuyahoga Savings & Loan Company, now in its twenty-fifth year of consecutive prosperity. Mr. Hawley and associates organized this company in 1893. The first officers and directors were: Arthur McAllister, president; Davis Hawley, vice president; William H. Clemiushaw, second vice president; John F. Kilfoyl, secretary ; W. H. Barris, treasurer; and J. H. Somers, J. M. Richardson, Charles Hathaway, C. A. Post, H. T. Huntington, directors. They received their charter January 12, 1893, and the business opened March 7, 1893. The company was originally capitalized at $1,000,000, but this has been reduced to $300,000. Its purpose is to stimulate building, and it loans its funds on property to be improved or on buildings already constructed. The company pays 5 per cent on deposits, and has steadily lent its influences and resources to the stimulation of thrift and saving. The company now has total resources of more than $1,000,000, the greater part of which is represented in mortgage loans. The company also subscribed to the first Liberty Bond issue to the amount of $10,000. Upwards of $600,000 are on deposit. The present officers of the company are: Davis Hawley, president ; W. E. Ambler, vice president ; George H. Ganson, vice president; William C. Leverenz, secretary; and L. J. Cameron, treasurer. Mr. Hawley is also president of the Davis Hawley Company, was organizer and is president and treasurer of the J. P. Povenmire Company, and is president of the Jefferson Iron Ore Company of Alabama. Fraternally he is affiliated with the Cleveland City Lodge of Masons, Webb Chapter, Royal Arch Masons; Oriental Commandery, Knights Templar, and the Mystic Shrine. He is a republican and a member of the Methodist Church. Mr. Hawley has one son by his first marriage, Davis, Jr., now thirty-nine years of age. He is a graduate of the law department of Cornell University and is now assistant treasurer of the Harshaw, Fuller & Goodwin Company. February 12, 1913, Mr. Davis married at Cleveland his present wife, Eleanor Hain. WILSON B. CHISHOLM. During a life of sixty-five years, all but two years spent as a resident of Cleveland, Wilson B. Chisholm gained a distinctive place among Cleveland manufacturers, being especially prominent in the iron and steel industry, and was also prominent in social affairs and widely known among the horsemen and promoters of high class sports. He was born in Montreal, Canada, in 1848, CLEVELAND AND ITS ENVIRONS - 157 a son of the late Henry Chisholm, one of the foremost iron and steel manufacturers of Cleveland, concerning whom more particulars will be found on other pages. In 1850 the Chisholm family came to Cleveland, when Wilson B. was two years of age, and he grew up and received his education in the city, and in early manhood entered the business which his father had helped to found. For fifteen years or more he was vice president and manager of the Cleveland Rolling Mills Company, and subsequently was president of the Champion Rivet Company, in which he was an interested stockholder at the time of his death. He was also one of the large stockholders in the Chisholm & Moore Manufacturing Company. and a director of the Chisholm-Phillips Automobilium Company. Hard work and constant associations with business responsibilities threatened a breakdown in health, and in consequence he withdrew from business affairs largely in 1902, and during the next twelve years kept himself constantly occupied with sports and interests that brought him into the out-of-doors. Horse racing was, perhaps, his greatest enthusiasm, and as a man of wealth he owned some of the finest horses and racers in the country. One of his daughters, Mrs. Ruth Newcomer, before her marriage was a noted horsewoman and one of the best woman golfers in the Cleveland district. Wilson B. Chisholm died at his beautiful home, "Thistle Hall," in East Cleveland, May 10, 1914. He had been a member of the Cleveland Athletic Club, Colonial Club, Union Club, Country Club, Euclid Club, Roadside Club, had served as vice president of the Gentlemen's Riding Club, and was a director in the Forest City Livestock and Fair Company. At Cleveland Mr. Chisholm married Nellie A. Brainard. She and their five children, all of whom are married, survive. The three daughters are Mrs. E. S. Burke, Jr., Mrs. John H. Hord and Mrs. Frank C. Newcomer, all of social prominence in Cleveland, and the two sons are If my and Bruce, both of Cleveland. BRUCE CHRISHOLM, youngest son of the late Wilson B. Chisholm and Mrs. Nellie A. (Brainard) Chisholm, is the third generation of a prominent Cleveland family, and is a young business man who for his age has an unusual equipment of experience and forceful ability. He was born in Cleveland December 12, 1894. His liberal education was derived from attendance at preparatory schools at Asheville, North Carolina, Lake Placid, New York ; Fessenden School of Boston, and elsewhere. From school he went into his father's factory, the Champion Rivet Company, but in a short time engaged in the automobile industry for himself. He is best known in automobile circles as head of the Boyce Moto Meter Agency for Ohio and Kentucky and in 1918 he became state agent for Ohio of the Biddle Motor Car Company. The Biddle motor car is not one of the widely known popular cars, but is a highly individualized car, made and sold to those who are satisfied only with certain standards of quality and distinction and regard price as a secondary consideration to these essentials. Mr. Chishoim's business headquarters are at 2366 Euclid Avenue. At Cleveland, September 18, 1917, he married Miss Rita Parsons. They reside at 2207 St. James Parkway, Cleveland Heights. CHARLES WHEELER PRATT. On the basis of work accomplished in Cleveland and his high standing throughout the country, Charles Wheeler Pratt is one of the eminent engineers and landscape artists and city planners of the Middle West. For years he has represented the best ideals of his profession, and his ideas and ideals have been worked into many concrete forms which all citizens of Cleveland appreciate and enjoy. Mr. Pratt was born at Nashua, New Hampshire, in 1865, a son of Charles W. and Sarah Ann (White) Pratt, the former a native of New Hampshire and the latter of Massachusetts. His father for many years was a sailor and captain cf a merchant vessel from New England ports. He was in the navy during the Civil war, having command of some of the largest vessels of the North. He died in 1899. Most of the educational and home influences of Charles W. Pratt were at Boston and vicinity. He attended public schools there, attended the Massachusetts Institute of Technology and had as one of his tutors Professor Currier. This training, together with long and thorough practical experience brought him his high place in the engineering profession. In 1881, he entered the office of E. W. Bowditch of Boston, and was there until 1891, having a constantly enlarging experience in 158 - CLEVELAND AND ITS ENVIRONS the construction of sewers, waterworks and general landscape gardening. In 1893 Mr. Pratt came to Cleveland, and in 1894 became chief engineer of the old Park Board, serving successively during the presidential terms of Mr. Buckley and J. H. McBride. Until 1900 Mr. Pratt had the technical supervision of all the construction work done on the public park system of Cleveland. The one achievement which more than anything else is associated with the name and services of Mr. Pratt was as designer of the original "Group Plan,"' which was recommended by the Cleveland Chamber of Commerce on June 2. 1902, as representing the best plan and ideals governing the harmonious and logical development of the city from an architectural and civic standpoint. Mr. Pratt also designed the Ambler Heights and the Euclid Heights. and his services have been in almost constant demand as a civil and landscape engineer in connection with the laying out of new city subdivisions, parkways, and general municipal construction. He has served as road commissioner and engineer of the village of Bratenahl. Mr. Pratt before coming to Cleveland was a member of the Massaehusetts National Guard. He is a member of the Cleveland Country Club, and his chief recreations are golf and motoring. ROY B. ROBINETTE. So creditable is it considered in American business life to be a self made man. to owe little to fortunate early circumstances, that one who has risen to positions of responsibility through his own efforts has no hesitancy in recalling the steps on which he climbed. Nine tenths of the successful men of today, perhaps, enjoyed no other educational advantages than a few years in the public schools in early boyhood, but these are the men who plan and carry out business enterprises of magnitude, men whose good judgment. integrity and sagacity uphold the whole fabric of commercial life. A man of this class is found in Roy B. Robinette. who is secretary and treasurer of the Tropical Paint & Oil Company of Cleveland. and is officially connected with other important concerns. Roy B. Robinette is a native of Ohio and was horn January 16. 1878. on his father's farm in Bedford Township. Cuyahoga County. His parents were William P. and Adelaide A. (Ruggles) Robinette. He attended the public schools. leaving the Miles Park school in Cleveland when fifteen years old. He immediately sought employment and was accepted as an office boy in the printing department of the Standard Oil Company, where he remained two years and proved efficient or he would not have been further retained, as that is a business concern that requires diligence in its employes and honest effort. Mr. Robinette then became a clerk in the lubricating department, in which capacity he continued until 1896, when he became a clerk with the Atlantic Refining Company, with which concern he remained until the spring of 1902. Mr. Robinette then engaged with the Lake Carriers Oil Company at Coraopolis, Allegheny County, Pennsylvania, and had charge of their office at the refinery until the fall of that year and then came to Cleveland. Here he entered the business house of The Fred G. Clarke Company, dealers in oils and heavy chemicals in a clerical capacity, and served as such until December 1, 1903. In the meanwhile Mr. Robinette had been watching for the opportune moment to embark in business for himself and it came at this time, when he became associated with George C. Hascall in the purchase of the Tropical Oil Company. A partnership existed until 1906, when the business was incorporated and since then Mr. Robinette has been secretary and treasurer, the name of the business being changed in 1914 to the Tropical Paint & Oil Company. Mr. Robinette is also treasurer of the Hascall Paint Company, and is a director in the Industrial Discount Company, is president of the Cleveland Paint, Oil and Varnish Club and is also second vice president of the National Paint, Oil and Varnish Association. There are few men in this great industry who are better informed and few whose opinion concerning its future carries more weight. Mr. Robinette was married at Cleveland, August 11, 1909, to Miss Dawn Waldeck, and they have two children, Roy B. and Carl W. They started their schooling in the Laurel School, a private institution of much merit. While never unduly active in the political field, Mr. Robinette is a staunch republican and he is the type of citizen who considers it a privilege to belong to such public-spirited bodies as the City Club, the Chamber of Industry and the Civic League. He is a member of the Cleveland Athletic Club, Cleveland Yacht Club, and also of that rather exclusive organization,. the Hermit Club. He belongs to the Church of Christ. CLEVELAND AND ITS ENVIRONS - 159 EDWARD W. MOORE, long prominent as a financier and promoter and builder of electric railways, was born at Canal Dover, Ohio, July 1, 1864, son of Philip and Abbie Moore. He had only a common school education and in 1880, at the age of sixteen, began as an office boy with the banking house of Everett, Weddell & Company at Cleveland. From 1883 to 1888 he was clerk in the cashier's office of the Nickel Plate Railway, and from 1888 to 1890 was connected with the East End Bank. In 1891 Mr. Moore was one of the organizers and became secretary and treasurer of the Dime Savings and Bank Company. He served it as vice president in 1900-01, resign. ing in the latter year to become one of the organizers of the Western Reserve Trust Company, of which he was vice president. He has since been president of the Lake Shore Electric Railway Company, and a director in a number of electric railways in and around Cleveland, Toledo and Detroit. Mr. Moore resides in Cleveland, with a summer home at Mentor. He is a member of the Union, Athletic, Country, Mayfield, Chagrin Valley Hunt clubs of Cleveland, the Detroit Club, Toledo Club, and the Metropolitan, Sleepy Hollow and Recess clubs of New York. He is a republican and a member of the Presbyterian Church. October 28, 1891, he married Louise Chamberlin, of Cleveland. JOHN N. VAN UMM. While not one of the largest factories in the Cleveland industrial districts, the Cuyahoga Spring Company, of which John N. Van Umm is president, has shown a remarkable development and has a business record that indicates its substantial character and the sterling merits of the young men who are responsible for its founding and npbuilding. In 1904 Mr. Van Umm began manufacturing springs and wire specialties in a little shop at 410 Champlain Avenue. It was a small room, only two hundred square feet of floor space, and he and one other man did all the work. He put quality and workmanship into his goods and showed good salesmanship in getting his wares established in a permanent market. The business was soon flourishing, and in 1907 was moved to new and larger quarters, furnishing ten thousand square feet of floor space, at 433 Prospect Avenue. On Vol III—11 February 3, 1913, the Cuyahoga Spring Company was incorporated, with Mr. Van Umm as president; J. A. Kling, vice president; H. F. Plagenz, secretary and treasurer. In about two years the business had again outgrown its quarters, and on October 1, 1915, the plant was moved to 16606 Waterloo Road, and it is now one of the large individual firms operating in that section of the city. They have eighteen thousand square feet of floor space and one hundred and thirty men are employed. In 1917 the company did a quarter. of a million dollars worth of business. The products now enter a market which is almost world wide. For a number of years the business has doubled every twelve months. John N. Van Umm, head of this company, was born in Cleveland November 20, 1881. His father, Henry J. Van Umm, was born in Holland in 1860, was brought to Cleveland in 1865, and for many years has been a merchant tailor in this city. He married in Cleveland Frances Bluemer, and they are the parents of eight children. John N. Van Umm secured his education in St. Steven's Catholic parochial school tip to the age of fourteen. He then went to work as an apprentice with a local spring manufacturer, John Flinn. He served out his term of learning and then worked as a journeyman for Mr. Flinn until 1904, when he branched out in business for himself. He is a member of the Cleveland Athletic Club, the Westwood Country Club. the Cleveland Automobile Club, is a member of the Catholic Church, and in politics is a non-partisan. On September 4, 1907, Mr. Van Umm married at Cleveland Miss Emma Hauck. They have one child. Cecilia, a student in St. Rose parochial school. F. SRILLMAN FISH. a Cleveland architect with offices in the Superior Building, has had a wide and diversified experience in his profession, though he is still a very young man. He was horn at Cleveland August 16. 1883. a son of Frank S. and Anna .T. Fish. His father was a native of Springfield. Illinois, attended public schools there and afterwards the Manhattan College of New York City and since 1879 has been a resident of Cleveland. For thirty years he was a captain in the fire department.. but has been on the retired list since 1912. He married in Cleveland. Anna .T. Ryan, and they are the parents of eight children. 160 - CLEVELAND AND ITS ENVIRONS F. Stillman Fish attended parochial schools in Cleveland until 1897 and was then in St. Ignatius College. In 1902, on leaving school, he began working with Searles & Hirsh, architects, as a draftsman. Three years later he went with Steffens & Steffens, architects, in a similar capacity. In 1908 Mr. Fish went East, pursued architectural studies in Columbia University a year, and then for four years was a student in the New York City branch of the Beaux Arts Society. After this study, he became associated with such firms as Grosvenor Atterbury, Ernest Greene, Reed & Stein and Woodruff Leeraing On his return to Cleveland he was associated with Charles Sneider, and William Lougee. Mr. Fish was architect in the building of the Guardian Savings and Trust Company's Bank Building for one year, and since then has successfully practiced his profession under his own name. Mr. Fish, who is unmarried, is a member of the Beaux Arts Society of New York, belongs to the Knights of Columbus, is a member of the Catholic Church and in politics is strictly independent. JOHN C. HIPP. In following carefully the story of the wonderful development of some of Cleveland's great commercial enterprises, no one can lose sight of the fact that business ability of a higher order has brought this about. Nothing else explains it, for even if the time were ripe and circumstances favorable, only men of tact, shrewdness, wide vision and sound judgment could have so carefully built and adequately financed concerns that within less than a decade have been able to increase their working capital from $12,000 to $200,000 and secure the world as trade territory. Such is the record of the Pennsylvania Rubber & Supply Company, of which John C. Hipp is president. John C. Hipp was born in the city of Cleveland, April 7, 1859. His parents were Martin and Magdalena (Miller) Hipp. Martin Hipp was born in Strassburg, Germany, in 1828, and came to Cleveland, Ohio, in 1848, where he conducted a general store until his death. He was a man of sterling character and a sound citizen and served as a member of the City Council from 1876 to 1878. In politics he was a republican and fraternally he was identified with such bodies as the Masons, Odd Fellows, Knights of Pythias and Foresters. In 1850 he was married to Magdalena Miller. and they had four sons: W. S., who is i resident of Houston, Texas; John C., of Cleveland; Eddie, who died aged ten years; and Charles F. who died in 1916, leaving a wife, Emma J. and daughter Mabel. Charles F. Hipp had spent several years in the retail grocery business. John C. Hipp was educated in the public schools of his native city and left the high school when sixteen years old to accept a position as shipping clerk with the wholesale grocery house of A. J. Wenham Sons, in which be later became a salesman. In 1882 Mr. Hipp resigned and embarked in a grocery business for himself, which he continued until 1900, when he sold out and started a transportation enterprise under the title of the Hipp Delivery Company, of which he continued president until he sold in 1915. In the meanwhile he had become interested in an enterprise which had entered the business field in 1908 in a comparatively modest way, the Pennsylvania Rubber & Supply Company, of which he accepted the presidency in 1910 and has held that position ever since, his able guidance of its affairs having had much to do with the great success that has attended it. The Pennsylvania Rubber & Supply Company was organized in 1908, with Charles Mosher as president; T. J. Holmden, secretary and treasurer; D. McLean, vice president; and Harry G. Smith, manager. The present officers are: John C. Hipp, president; T. J. Smith, first vice president; W. R. Jeavons, second vice president; A. I. Fishbaugh, third vice president; E. R. Seeger, secretary; and Harry G. Smith, treasurer and manager. The business was started on East Ninth Street, Cleveland, with a floor space of 32 x 65 feet and the company employed four men. In 1910, when Mr. Hipp became president, the business was moved to Nos. 1845.1847 Euclid Avenue, where the company utilized 36 x 75 feet of floor space and increased the force of workmen to fifteen. In 1914 the business had so increased that the company found it necessary to erect their own plant, a two-story building at No. 2819 Prospect Avenue, with dimensions of 80 x 200 feet on the first floor and 80 x 45 feet on the second, aggregating 16,000 square feet of floor apace, which is the greatest amount devoted exclusively to automobile accessories in the United States. The store on Euclid Avenue is still retained, and in March, 1913, a branch store was opened in Cincinnati and in August of the same year one was opened at Akron. In January, 1914, another branch was opened in Columbus, and CLEVELAND AND ITS ENVIRONS - 161 in January, 1917, a branch was opened in Toledo. The company is now operating six stores and giving employment to 150 people and doing a million dollar's worth of business a year. Such expansion calls attention to the ability of modern business men who have also the energy to put their plans into execution. Mr. Hipp was married at Cleveland, June 9, 1871, to Miss Lottie J. Weideman, who died in June, 1890, survived by one daughter, who is Mrs. Elsie Seager, of Cleveland. On August 4, 1892, Mr. Hipp was married to Miss Nettie J. Swayer. Mr. Hipp has always been an active citizen. While never accepting any public office, he has not ignored civic responsibilities and may always be found lending support to law and order. He supports the policies and candidates of the republican party. He is a member of the Cleveland Athletic Club, belongs to the Royal Arcanum at Cleveland, and is a Mason of high degree, both Scottish Rite and Mystic Shrine. HARRY G. SMITH. When the Pennsylvania Rubber & Supply Company, now one of Cleveland's most important business enterprises, was launched in 1908, its manager was Harry G. Smith, who not only has served continuously through its great expansion as such, but at the present time is also treasurer of the company. Mr. Smith has many of the qualities indispensable to the successful business man and his success in the management of this enterprise, from its beginning until less than a decade later when it does a million-dollar business annually, has been notable. Harry G. Smith was born in the great city of London, England, December 31, 1871. His parents are William Thomas and Elizabeth Jane Smith. He attended the public schools until eleven years old and then began to be self-supporting. For three years he worked in a London barber shop and then found employment in a pawnbroker's shop, where he remained for two years. He then crossed the Atlantic Ocean to Canada, and for twelve years worked in his grandfather's meat market in Fort Erie. He was not yet satisfied with the outlook for his future and decided to come to the United States, hence he located at Akron, Ohio, in order to become an employe of the Diamond Rubber Company and learn the trade of tiremaking. That his work was entirely satisfactory may be adduced from the fact that in December, 1904, the company sent him to Cleveland in charge of their repair shop and also as demonstrator of their new double tube tire, which was then first being offered to the public. In 1906 Mr. Smith was made manager of the Diamond Rubber Company's racing crew and in that capacity traveled all over the United States. In 1908 he returned to Cleveland and in the same year became identified with the Pennsylvania Rubber & Supply Company, of which he was both manager and secretary in 1913 and since 1915 has been treasurer as well as manager. Mr. Smith has additional business interests, and is a director in the Peters Machine and Manufacturing Company. Mr. Smith was married at Fort Erie, Canada, June 25, 1895, to Miss Susan Patterson, who died January 14, 1915, survived by two sons, Henry George and David William. Henry George Smith, who was born in 1897, attended Oberlin College, and at present is machinist mate, second class, of the Naval Reserves at Newport, Rhode Island. David William Smith, who was born in 1900, is a graduate of the Cleveland High School and at present is a student in Culver Military Academy. In politics Mr. Smith believes in the principles of the democratic party. He is a Royal Arch Mason and he and sons are members of the Episcopal church. He has led a busy life and is practically a self made man. Talent and industry have placed him in positions of trust and responsibility and his performance of every duty has not only been creditable to himself, but of incalculable benefit to his associates in the enterprise in which they are mutually interested. ARTHUR E. NESPER. A little more than thirty years ago, in 1886, Arthur E. Nesper graduated in the shorthand course from the Spencerian Business College at Cleveland. Proficiency in an art which many men find the readiest method of attack in a business career, Mr. Nesper has made the foundation of a permanent profeasibn. He has been stenographer and confidential man with a number of the large corporations of Cleveland, and in late years has developed an extensive business as court and general reporter. Mr. Nesper was born at Cleveland in 1867. His father, Christian Nesper, born in Wurttemberg, Germany, May 9, 1837, was educated there and learned the cigar maker's trade. In the early '50s he came to Cleveland and was in the cigar business until 1861, when he 162 - CLEVELAND AND ITS ENVIRONS responded to the call of duty in behalf of his adopted land and enlisted as a private in the Seventh Ohio Volunteer Infantry. He was a soldier as efficient as he was brave, and four times he was wounded in battle. He came out of the army with the well earned rank of captain. Captain Nesper after the war was steadily engaged in the cigar business at Cleveland until his death on September 1, 1881. He was a charter member of Concordia Lodge, Free and Accepted Masons. At Cleveland October 25, 1866. he married Mary M. Meyer. They were the parents of two children, the daughter Emma Mary being the wife of Adolph G. Noack of Cleveland. Arthur E. Nesper as a boy steadily attended the public schools until he entered the Spencerian Business College. After graduating from that institution in 1886 he was employed as a stenographer by the Forest City Machine Works, by the American Paint and Oil Company, then by Tuttle. Oglehay & Company, a large iron ore firm, by the Cleveland Electric Motor Company, was in the auditing department of the Nickel Plate Railroad and in the general freight offices of that company, following which he was stenographer for George G. Cochran. western freight traffic manager of the Erie System. From the railroad offices he went to Oglehay. Norton & Company as head stenographer in their Cleveland offices. From 1899 to December. 1902, Mr. Nesper was court reporter for the city law denartment of Cleveland. Since then he has developed an independent business as a court reporter and he and his staff are almost constantly engaged either in court or in reporting for conventions and other gatherings. Mr. Nesper is a life member of Cleveland Lodge No. 18. Benevolent Protective Order of Elks, and is affiliated with Halcyon Lodge, Free and Accepted Masons. Cleveland Chapter, Royal Arch Masons. Cleveland Council, Royal and Select Masters. Oriental Commandery. Knights Templar, Lake Erie Consistory of the Scottish Rite. Al Koran Temple of the Mystic Shrine and Al Sirat Grotto. He is one of the hest known Masons in the city. Politically he is an independent voter. September 30. 1891. Mr. Nesper married at Cleveland Rose S. Hutchings. THEODORE T. LONG. It is sufficient perhaps to indicate Mr. Long's business relations with Cleveland to say that he is member of the firm Green-Cadwallader-Long real estate investments in the Marshall Building. This is a business title of distinction and of highly specialized service. The name is most prominently associated with the magnificent enterprise known as the Shaker Heights suburban district of Cleveland, and the exclusive business of the firm at present is marketing that highly desirable suburban property. A full description of Shaker Heights community is given on other pages, and therewith something regarding the active role taken by Green-Cadwallader-Long in the success of the proposition from the financial and marketing end. Mr. Long was born at Chillicothe, Ohio, October 25, 1872, son of Samuel and Melinda (Grimes) Long. His father, who died at Chillicothe in 1879, for years dominated the building contracting business of that noted Ohio City. He was a native of Pennsylvania. His widow, who is now living at Cleveland, was born in Ross County, Ohio, just outside Chillicothe. Samuel Long and wife had seven children, three daughters and four sons: Rachel, wife of John H. Smith, of Sparks. Nevada; Lucy, widow of William Myers, living at Kansas City, Missouri; Alice, widow of Albert Talbot, of Boswell, Indiana; Irvin, who has followed in the footsteps of his father and is a successful contractor at Chillicothe and in 1917 represented the contractor who built the big cantonment at Camp Sherman, Chillicothe; Edward, a furniture merchant at Chillieothe ; Jesse C., manager of the Euclid Arcade branch of the Standard Drug Company of Cleveland; and Theodore T., the youngest of the family. Theodore T. Long while a boy attended the public schools of Chillicothe. In 1893 he graduated from the Caton Business College at Cleveland and his business experience since then has been an unusual one in the scope and variety of his service and attainments. For about two years he was employed in the volunteer relief department or insurance department of the Pennsylvania Railway. Then for 11/2 years he worked in the general freight department of the Erie Railway. While superintendent of the Cleveland District of the International Correspondence Schools be displayed some unusual ability in sales organization and promotion. For a number of years Mr. Long was prominent in Y. M. C. A. work. For three years he was educational director of the Cleveland Y. M. C. A. During 1901-03 he was at Springfield, Ohio, as general secretary of the Y. M. C. A.. and held that position at the time of the fire which destroyed the local institution and during its rebuilding. CLEVELAND AND ITS ENVIRONS - 163 On returning to Cleveland he was for five years in the industrial department, of the Y. M. C. A. as its secretary. In 1910 Mr. Long engaged in business with the late F. C. Green under the name F. C. Green and T. T. Long. Later Mr. Starr Cadwallader entered the firm, making it Green-Cadwallader-Long. Mr. Green died in 1916, but the old title has been continued. Mr. Cadwallader and Mr. Long are both specialists and highly expert men in the field of real estate financing, and the organization they represent is probably the best qualified to handle the big project of the Shaker Heights property, which represents vast investments in the way of development and initial improvement, and is a tract embracing ober 2,000 acres. Mr. Long is also president of the Cour Lee Construction Company of Cleveland, a building organization that has handled many large and important contracts at Shaker Heights. Mr. Long was second lieutenant and quartermaster of the old Company of Association Engineers, but later was mustered into the Ohio National Guard. Mr. Long is affiliated with Tyrian Lodge No 370, Free and Accepted Masons, at Cleveland; McKinley Chapter No. 181, Royal Arch Masons; is a member of Shaker Heights Country Club, Cleveland Advertising Club, Cleveland Athletic Club, Cleveland Chamber of Commerce, Cleveland Real Estate Board and City Club. He is a member and on the official board of the First Methodist Episcopal Church of Cleveland and has been on the board of that congregation for a number of years. Mr. Long resides in Shaker Heights Village. June 14, 1900. he married Miss Myrtle M. Belding, of Cleveland, where she was born and educated. They have three children, all natives of Cleveland, named Dorothy J., Helen L. and Theodore S. FREDERICK W. SINRAM. Members of the Sinram family have lived in Cleveland over seventy years and have been identified with various branches of industry and business affairs. It was in the early '40s that the grandfather of Frederick W. Sinram came to this city and for many years he was affiliated with Rice & Burnett, china merchants. He died in 1876. Frederick Sinram, father of Frederick W., was born at Cleveland October 15, 1858, had a public school education, was a carpenter by trade and afterwards developed the trade into a general contracting business which was the source of his modest fortune and gave him a successful business station in the city. He died here May 30, 1906. He was a republican and an active member of the Congregational Church. Frederick Sinram married at Cleveland in 1879 Mary Russer, a native of Cleveland, daughter of John Russer, a tailor who came to Cleveland more than seventy years ago. Frederick W., who was born in this city August 2, 1881, was the only child of his parents. His career has been a record of steady progress and advancement to higher success and responsibilities. At the age of sixteen he left the Central High School and went to work as a clerk in the office and factory of the AdamsBagnall Electric Company. That he made himself useful to that company is indicated by various promotions and experience in different departments until he finally became sales manager of the entire business. During the period of his employment with the Adams-Bagnall Electric Company he attended the Cleveland Law School at Baldwin-Wallace University and was graduated in 1893. He was admitted to the practice of law in Ohio the same year, but has not been in active practice because of his business affiliations. The office of sales manager of the AdamsBagnall Company he resigned in 1908 to become secretary and manager of sales for the Long Arm System Company. Two years later he left that business to become associated with the Van Dorn & Dutton Company, first as secretary and upon the retirement of William A. Dutton, Mr. Sinram succeeded him as treasurer, also retaining the title of secretary. Upon the death of Mr. H. H. Hode11 early in 1918, Mr. Sinram became vice president, Mr. F. G. Roden succeeding Mr. Sinram as treasurer. He is also secretary, treasurer and director of the Van Dorn Electric Tool Company. The Van Dorn & Dutton Company was organized in 1897, with Mr. J. H. Van Dorn, president, H. H. Hodell, vice president, W. A. Dutton, secretary and treasurer. The original plant was located at Seventy-ninth Street and the Nickel Plate Railway tracks. They began manufacturing cut and planed gears, and the first year the working force consisted of only ten men and the total value of the year's output was less than $36,000. Twenty years of growth has sufficed to place this among the larger industries of Cleveland. Three hundred and twenty-five men now work in the 164 - CLEVELAND AND ITS ENVIRONS shops and offices and get their living directly from the business. On July 1, 1916, the company occupied a modern and beautifully situated new plant at 2978 Woodhill Road. Here 75,000 square feet of floor space is available for the company's work. The present officers of the corporation are : T. B. Van Dorn, president ; P. W. Sinram, vice president and secretary ; F. G. Hodell, treasurer ; and Franklin Schneider. manager. The business is divided into two manufacturing departments. One is the automotive department. Here all the facilities are employed for the manufacture of gears for automobiles, both pleasure cars and trucks, aeroplanes and tractors. The other department is known as the industrial or mill gear department. In this department gears of a wide scope are produced for nearly every innumerable purpose, including gears for electric railway, mill and mine motors, etc. Mr. Sinram was honored by election as the first president of the American Gear Manufacturers Association, an association representing nearly all of the gear makers in the United States. He is affiliated with Iris Lodge, Free and Accepted Masons, Webb Chapter. Royal Arch Masons, Cleveland Athletic Club, Cleveland Advertising Club, Chamber of Commerce, the Creditman's Association, is a charter member of Delta Theta Phi legal fraternity and is a member of the Calvary Presbyterian Church and a republican. In Cleveland May 10, 1897, he married Miss Mary Elizabeth Wedow. They have one child, Frederick W., Jr., born in 1912. FRANK BOWEN MANY. Throughout the last twenty or twenty-five years Mr. Many has occupied himself almost exclusively with handling some of the larger business affairs of Cleveland and the Cleveland district. He has been a manufacturer. a contractor. and his name has been associated with a considerable list of concerns of familiar and important interests to the public. Mr. Many was born in Cleveland March 15. 1860. His father, John -Tay Many, who was of French descent, was born in New York City and died in 1876. He came to Cleveland about 1856 to represent the stockholders and build the Cleveland, Columbus, Cincinnati & Indianapolis Railroad. now part of the Big Four System. This company made him auditor, and he occupied that position until his death in 1876. The mother, whose maiden name was Jane Little, was born in Ballagarive, County Longford, Ireland, of Irish family, and died in 1893. Frank Bowen Many grew up in Cleveland, attended the grammar and high schools of the city, and his first employment was five years of work as purchasing agent of the Valley Railroad Company. Then for a time he was in the oil business at Cleveland. His first big independent venture was in taking a large contract for the lighting of the streets of Cleveland. He also for ten years had the lighting contract of the suburbs and furnished illumination to a number of outlying towns by a gasoline lamp system. One of his largest business achievements was organizing the Canton-Cleveland Brick Company. This company originated the use of shale brick for street paving purposes. The company had one plant in Cleveland and another at Canton, and it was a business running on a capital of $200,000. Mr. Many was president of the company until both plants were sold to the Metropolitan Brick Company of Canton. In 1904 Mr. Many became one of the organizers of the Energine Refining & Manufacturing Company. He is now secretary and treasurer of this large corporation. Its refinery is located at 2925 Independence Road. This is the only company in the world manufacturing a pure hydro-carbon. These are the larger concerns with which Mr. Many has been identified. though he has numerous other business interests in the city. He is a republican, but has taken no active part in politics in recent years. Under the nld rules that governed the political game he was repeatedly a delegate of his party to county conventions. Mr. Many also has a military record. For three or four years be was connected with Brooks Corps, a social and military organization. He served as second lieutenant and quartermaster. He is a member of the National Union. In 1886 he married Miss Ilda May Dresden, a native of Cleveland and a daughter of Henry and Frances Dresden, a French family who were pioneers in Cleveland. Mr. and Mrs. Many have one son, Frank Dresden Many, now general superintendent of the Energine Refining & Manufacturing Company. Frank Dresden Many married September 10, 1917, Rosemary O'Connor. She was horn in Columbus, where her mother, Mrs. Ellen O'Connor, still lives. CLEVELAND AND ITS ENVIRONS - 165 LOUIS HAUSHEER. During a long and active business career in Cleveland Louis Hausheer has been chiefly identified with those branches of merchandising which furnish supplies to the Great Lakes transportation agencies, and with that business the Hausheers as a family have been connected for thirty years or more. The Hansheer family have lived in Cleveland over sixty-five years. The late George Hausheer was born at Zurich, Switzerland, in 1841, and was eight years of age when in 1849 his parents came to America and located at Erie, Pennsylvania. There he attended his first English schools, and when the family moved to Cleveland in 1852 he continued his education here as opportunity offered, though most of his days from that time forward were taken up with work and duties of a more practical nature. he acquired much experience in a meat market, and in 1856 he opened a market of his own at 86 River Street. Some years later he began supplying a line of commodities required by the shipping interests, and gradually this became the chief feature of his business activities. In 1886 the partnership of Hausheer & Akers was formed, but was dissolved in 1888 and was succeeded by Hausheer & Sons, two sons being admitted to the business. George Hausheer died in 1907. He was well known in Cleveland public and social life, served two terms as a police commissioner, was a member of the Masonic Order, the Independent Order of Odd Fellows, Knights of Pythias, and in politics a republican. He also belonged to the old Stone Church of the Protestant Episcopal denomination. In 1858 at Cleveland he married Otillia Rauch. They had four children, Dr. August Aaron, deceased : George. who is president of Hausheer & Sons Company ; Lotta, Mrs. Philip Minch of Cleveland ; and Louis. Louis Hausheer was horn at Cleveland October 12. 1861. As a boy he attended the Academy Street public school and the Rockwell Street public school, and did his last school work in the Speneerian Business College. At the age of twenty he went to work as a clerk in his father's store, and was steadily and actively connected with the firm of Hausheer & Sons until 1900. He is still identified with the husinms as vice president and director, and is also vice president and director of the Hausheer Realty Company. In 1900 Mr. Hausheer became stores manager of the Pittsburg Steamship Company's plant at Conneaut. Ohio, but four years later was made purchasing agent of the company, and that position he holds today with headquarters at Cleveland. Mr. Hausheer is affiliated with Bigelow Lodge Free and Accepted Masons, Thatcher Chapter Royal Arch Masons, Holyrood Cornmandery Knights Templar, is a member of the Knights of the Maccabees, the Athletic Club, the Clifton Club, Chamber of Commerce, votes as a republican, and is a member of the Episcopal Church. In 1886 at Cleveland he married Marie Kress. They are the parents of three children: Louis H., aged twenty-eight, is a graduate of the Lakewood High School, and is now manager and director of Hausheer & Sons Company. The daughter Dorothy married W. H. Pumphrey of Cleveland. Harold Douglas, aged twenty-three, is a graduate of the Lakewood High School. Culver Military Academy and Tennessee Military Institute, and is now a first lieutenant in the National Army at Camp Sherman, Chillicothe, Ohio. THOMAS A. REWARD. To the thoroughness with which a youth completes his early tasks may be traced the factor which later in life leads to competency and position. Other qualities may accompany it, but it is a host in itself. Business men are apt to look among their employes for this saving element and promotion is apt to follow when it is discovered. To this admirable habit to some extent perhaps may be attributed the constant advancement accorded Thomas A. Reward, who is one of the sales managers and assistant secretary of the Standard Oil Company of Ohio. Mr. Reward has been identified with this great corporation for many years, and his ability, knowledge and truthworthiness have been noted and rewarded. Thomas A. Reward was horn in the city of Cleveland, where he has spent much of his life, March 19, 1849, his place of birth being on the corner of Wood and Hamilton streets. His parents were Thomas and Mary (Cooper) Reward, and he was one of a family of eight children born to them. Thomas Reward was born at Hull, England, and went to school there until he was nineteen years of age, when he embraced the opportunity of immigrating to the United States. He landed in the harbor of New York, but as he found no employment to suit his taste in the big city he went into the country and worked on a farm. It was then he came to Cleveland and was married here. At that time Isaac Taylor was operating a stage line and kept a livery stable in 166 - CLEVELAND AND ITS ENVIRONS Cleveland and Thomas Heward went to work for him and continued until he was able to buy the business, and he carried it on afterward until his retirement from business several years before his death. He was an honest, upright man and provided well for his family, even giving them exceptional educational advantages.   Thomas A. Heward attended the public schools and also private schools in Cleveland and advanced rapidly in his studies, so that at the age of fifteen years he was admitted to Oberlin College at Oberlin, Ohio. After his return home, before deciding to enter any particular vocation, Mr. Howard visited what was then considered rather far West, and for two years owned a ranch in Fremont County, Colorado.   Upon his return to Cleveland Mr. Reward entered the employ of the Standard Oil Company as a bookkeeper. From that position he was advanced to that of cashier of the lubricating department, which was followed by pro- motion as assistant manager of that department, and in the course of time he became manager and has been made assistant secretary of the Standard Oil Company of Ohio. Thoroughness and efficiency have accompanied every step of his way, and he now occupies a dignified and responsible position that reflects credit both on himself and the corporation he serves.   Mr. Reward was married at Canton, Ohio, June 26, 1879, to Miss Elta Everhard, who died January 21, 1917. She is survived by one daughter, Elta, who is a graduate of Laurel Institute. She resides with her father and is well known in many pleasant circles. For a number of years Mr. Reward was active in the affairs of the Euclid Avenue Congregational Church. He has always been identified politically with the republican party.   MAJ. WILLARD ABBOTT was for many years a resident of Cleveland, prominent in business circles and an honored veteran of the Civil war.   He was born March 29, 1837, at Burmah, India, where his father Elisha Litchfield Abbott was an Indian missionary. He was brought back to America in early childhood, was liberally educated, and in the flower of his young manhood enlisted in August, 1862, at Rochester, New York, in the Thirteenth New York Regiment. November 10, 1862, he was promoted to the rank of captain, was with his regiment in some of the most bitterly fought battles and campaigns of the war. He was once wounded in the face and again in the body. His service earned him before the war was over the rank of major. After the war he was always interested in military organizations and military affairs   Major Abbott located in Rochester after his marriage and in Cincinnati for a number of years and later came to Cleveland. In 1867 he married Miss Caroline Younglove, daughter of Moses C. Younglove, a prominent pioneer Cleveland business man. In the fall of 1906 Major Abbott went to visit his daughter at Hanover, New Hampshire, and illness prevented his returning to Cleveland. He died in Hanover February 24, 1907, at the age of seventy years. He was laid to rest in Lakeview cemetery beside his wife, who died February 24, 1903.   There were seven children in the family of which three survive: Frank E. Abbott, in the real estate business at Cleveland; Gardner Abbott, formerly a Cleveland attorney and now a major with the American armies in France; and Homer E. Keyer, of Hanover, New Hampshire.   Moss COWAN YOUNGLOVE. A diligent search of the early business annals of Cleveland would hardly reveal a character of more initiative and creative energy than that of the late Moses C. Younglove. Identifying himself with this young metropolis of the lakes more than eighty years ago, with some buai'fleas experience, but with practically no capital and no influence, he had made himself in a few years a source of much of the dynamic energy that contributed to the fair name of Cleveland among the great cities of the Central West.   He came to Cleveland when a young man and remained a resident of this city more than half a century. He was born at Cambridge, Washington County, New York, in 1811, and his death occurred at Los Angeles, California, April 13, 1892, at the age of eighty-one. He had gone to Los Angeles five months before his death. His parents were Moses and Hannah (Wells) Younglove. In his veins he had the blood of some of the earliest New England pioneers. He was a descendant of Samuel Younglove who in 1635 left England for New England in the ship Hopewell, with fifty-four other passengers. On his mother's side he was descended from Gideon Wells, one of the four men who received the grant of the south half of Washington County, New York,   CLEVELAND AND ITS ENVIRONS - 167   from the King of England and located there in 1672.   Moses C. Younglove was primarily educated at Greenwich, Washington County, New York. He spent most of his youth in the home of his uncle Moses Cowan' by whom he was adopted after his father's death. He prepared for college at Bennington, Vermont, one of his fellow students being Dr. Edwin Chapin. However, he gave up the idea of a college career in order to enter business. His business training was gained in the store of his uncle at Greenwich, and he remained there until he came to Cleveland in the fall of 1836, at the age of twenty-five.   His first work here was as clerk in a dry goods store. Some months later he engaged in the business for himself as a pioneer in the book, blank book manufacturing, stationery, book printing and publishing business. His location was at 68 Superior Street, where the old American House now stands. One of the earlier issues of his press was Webster's Spelling book, the famous "Blue Back" familiar to all the ancestors of the present generation of Americans. This book had an enormous sale. Mr. Younglove introduced the first power printing press west of the Alleghenies. In 1848, in partnership with John Hoyt, he erected at Cleveland the first paper mill ever operated by steam power in the United States. These and other facts in his career indicate his initiative and his courage and accounts for the honored place he enjoys among those who advanced Cleveland to first rank among American cities.   In 1848 Mr. Younglove with Mr. S. H. Mather took a prominent part in organizing The Society for Savings, and was one of its trustees. He was also one of the organizers of The Cleveland Gas, Light and Coke Company.   Another interesting achievement that is to the credit of Mr. Younglove was the inauguration of the first successful use of machinery for planing, grooving and matching lumber at Cleveland. Matched, grooved and dressed lumber are so much a matter of commonplace et the present time that it is not difficult to realize the revolutionary character of machinery which would perform a work that had always been done, if done at all, by the laborious processes of hand tools. The late Mr. Younglove was also prominent in various other local enterprises, and practically everything he touched came to successful fruition, benefiting both himself and others.   Moses C. Younglove married Miss Maria Day of Catskill, New York, of an old family of that location. She died in 1886. They had tour children, all now deceased; Caroline, who married Maj. Willard Abbott, Albert who died in Egypt in 1867, Cornelia who married Edmund B. Meriam, and Gertrude who married Caleb Gowen. The final resting place of Moses C. Younglove and family is Lakeview Cemetery at Cleveland, Ohio.   WILLIAM M. HARDIE The man who is now president and active head of the largest general confectionery manufacturing establishment in the state of Ohio was only a few years ago making candy in the basement of his mother's home in Pittsburgh. With a product whose quality is undeniably par excellence, Mr. Hardie has had the enterprise and business ability to push his sales over a constantly widening territory, and the result is today the William M. Hardie Company of Cleveland, operating two immense confectionery plants in the city and with a total production during the year 1916 of more than 18,000,000 pounds of various kinds of candies.   Mr. Hardie was born in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, January 18, 1880, son of James and Margaret (Logan) Hardie. Both parents were natives of Scotland. The father came to Pittsburgh at the age of twenty, worked at the baking trade, and by 1898 was owner and proprietor of the largest biscuit and cracker company of that city. He sold out his plant to the National Biscuit Company and then retired.   William M. Hardie attended public schools in Pittsburgh, graduating from high school iu 1897, and then spent a year in the Iron City Commercial College.   The candy business was a definite choice of vocation with Mr. Hardie. On leaving school he spent three months learning the candy making trade with the Reymer Brothers of Pittsburgh. From there he went to St. Joseph, Missouri, and became connected with the National Biscuit Company, which had in that city the largest candy factory in the West. He spent a year working in different departments and then returned to Pittsburgh and began making candy on his own account at his mother's home. These limited quarters sufficed for only a brief time, since his products acquired a quick popularity and there was a demand for more than he could manufacture.   Mr. Hardie then organized the Hardie Brothers Company, being associated with his   168 - CLEVELAND AND ITS ENVLRONS   five brothers, and himself president and man. ager of the business. In a short time this was the largest concern of its kind in the Central West.   In 1912 Mr. Hardie sold his interests in the Hardie Brothers Company and came to Cleveland. He realized the wonderful opportunities and possibilities of Cleveland for a large candy factory, making a general line of confectionery. At that time there was no such factory within a hundred and fifty miles of the city. Here he organized the William M. Hardie Company and was for the first two years its president and for the past two years its president and treasurer. The products of the company are now shipped all over the United States and even to foreign countries, and from 400 to 500 people find employment in the different branches of manufacture and sale. The company now owns two plants, one of them being the original Hardie factory at 269 East Sixty-Ninth Street. In March, 1916, the company took over and acquired the plant of the Wuest-Bauman-Hunt Company at East Nineteenth and Payne Avenue, and this is now operated as the Wuest Factory of the William M. Hardie Company. Despite discouraging general financial and business conditions the total sales of the two plants in 1916 aggregated more than $1.300,000. and the increase of business done by the Hardie factory during that year was 23 per cent. The company has assets of $500,000 and is a growing and prosperous industry of the Cleveland district. The officers of the company are: William M. Hardie, president and treasurer; W. H. Kelly, vice president ; and Otto Grossenbacher, secretary.   Mr. Hardie is affiliated with the Masonic Order, the Cleveland Rotary Club, is a republican in politics and a member of the First United Presbyterian Church. At Pittsburgh in 1901 he married Miss Susan Schneider. They have four children: Wallace Gordon, a student in the East High School ; Donald Scott; William MacDonald; and George Schneider, all attending the Dunham School.   JOSEPH O. EATON is a manufacturer of wide and varied experience, and recently brought to Cleveland from the East one of the important industries of the city, the Torbensen Axle Company.   Mr. Eaton was born at Yonkers, New York, July 28. 1873, a son of Joseph Oriel and Emma (Goodman) Eaton. A liberal educa tion prepared and fortified him for his life's duties. Most of his youth was spent in Cincinnati, Ohio, where he graduated from the high school in 1891. Mr. Eaton is an alumnus of Williams College at Williamstown, Massachusetts, from which he graduated in 1895. The next year he worked as a clerk with the American Express Company at New York, and from there removed to Troy, New York, where he became connected with George P. Ide & Company, shirt and collar manufacturers. He began practically at the bottom, and worked his way up to manager of the collar department. He was with that well known American business for seven years. Following that for two years he was assistant general manager in the Empire Cream Separator Company at Bloomfield, New Jersey. Returning to Troy he organized the Interstate Shirt and Collar Company, became its treasurer, and was active in its management for five years. He then went back to Bloomfield, New Jersey, and organized the Torbensen Gear & Axle Company, with manufacturing plant at Newark, New Jersey. Of this business he has since been treasurer and general manager. In 1915 the plant was removed to Cleveland and in 1916 the name changed to The Torhensen Axle Company. Mr. Eaton is also director of the Republic Motor Truck Company of Alma, Michigan.   He is well known in Cleveland business and social life, a member of the Union Club, Country Club, Roadside Country Club, Cleveland Athletic Club, Chagrin Valley Hunt Club, Cleveland Chamber of Commerce, City Club, Civic League, Society of Automotive Engineers, and is a member of the St. Anthony Club of New York City and the Delta Psi college fraternity. While in New York he was active in military affairs, being connected with the Second New York Infantry, which during the Spanish-American war was reorganized as the Second New York United States Volunteers. He was with this organization five months during the war with Spain. Later he became a member of Essex Troop of the New Jersey National Guard for two years. Mr. Eaton is a republican and a member of the Unitarian Church.   In New York City he married Edith Ide French. daughter of Mr. George P. Ide, of Troy. New York. They are the parents of seven children : Edith. a student in the Bennett School at Millhrook. New York: Caroline, in the Hathaway-Brown School at Cleveland;   CLEVELAND AND ITS ENVIRONS - 169   Winsor, a student of the University School of Cleveland; Edward, Joseph O. Jr., Margaret and Martha.   HENRY HERTEL has a number of active associations with Cleveland business affairs and has been a figure in the mercantile and general business activities of the city for over thirty years.   He was born here March 23, 1863, son of Henry F. and Justina (Kurtz) Hertel. Many of the older residents will recall the late Henry F. Hertel who was a quiet yet progressive business man and was one of the pioneer cigar manufacturers of the city. Born in Bavaria, Germany, August 20, 1831, educated in the old country, where he learned the trade of gardener. he settled at Cleveland in 1854 and embarked in business as a cigar manufacturer. He continued in that line of business for about thirty-five years and retired in 1891 and died in 1893. He was a republican voter and a Protestant in religion. He and Justina Kurtz were married in Cleveland May 1. 1862. Their three children, all residents of Cleveland. are Henry, Frederick and Emma Louise, the latter the wife of Henry C. Bruggier.   Mr. Henry Hertel was educated in the grammar and high schools of Cleveland until the age of fourteen and acquired his business experience and training as an employe of John Meckes. a retail dry goods merchant. He worked for him successively as errand boy, cashier. salesman and finally as buyer of the establishment, and was with that old well known house altogether for nine years.   He entered business for himself with his brother Frederick under the name Hertel Brothers. They operated a dry goods store at 847 Lorain Street, and in 1889 they bought the dry goods house of Schetler & McWatters at Pearl and Bridge streets. For some years both stores were operated nnder their management. In 1891 the Hertel-Klein Company was incorporated, with Henry Hertel as president. In 1898 they sold their interests in that firm and as Hertel Brothers established a store at Randall Road and Lorain street. which was continued until 1902. For the past fifteen years their chief business activity has been as the Hertel Flour Company, of which Frederick Hertel is president and Henry Hertel, vice president and general manager.   Out of his varied business experience Mr. Henry Hertel some years ago originated what experts regard as the simplest method of appraising property, and this method has he- come the basis of an independent business known as the Bankers Appraisal Company, of which Mr. Hertel is president and owner. He was also one of the organizers and is a director and member of the executive board of the Lorain Street Savings & Banking Company, and is treasurer and director of the F. W. Wolf Company.   Mr. Hertel is a Protestant in religion, is a republican and a member of the Cleveland Chamber of Industry. He married at Cleveland January 18, 1893, Miss Jennie Hall, who died March 6, 1914. On July 20, 1916, Elizabeth F. Hall became his wife.   His brother Frederick Hertel, who was born in Cleveland February 2, 1865, and attended the public schools until the age of fourteen, was clerk with the retail grocery firm of John Bohn until 1887, and since then he has been actively and continuously associated with his brother Henry in business affairs. He is a member of the Cleveland Grays, the Masonic Order, and the Benevolent and Protective Order of Elks. He married in this city Mary Nickels, and they have one daughter, Mrs. Marie Hutchinson, of Cleveland.   SAMUEL WELCH SMART. It was with the growth and development of the suburban Town of Willoughby that the life of the late Samuel Welch Smart was chiefly identified. His family located there over eighty years ago, and from that time to the present the name has had a worth and prominence of association beyond that of probably any other name.   The father of Samuel W. Smart was Samuel Smart, who was born at Davizes, Wiltshire, England, in 1800. In 1830 he brought his family to Cleveland, and was one of the pioneer merchants of the city. His first store was at the corner of Superior Avenue and the Public Square. A few years later he moved his business headquarters and home to Willoughby, which was at that time an independent and larger commercial center than Cleveland, and by reason of its location upon the Chagrin River, was by some thought to have had much greater possibilities and better potential harbor facilities than its neighbor on the banks of the Cuyahoga.   The life of a Western Reserve town did not offer all of the joys of civilization, but it offered a field to develop courage, resourcefulness and self-reliance. It made men live a simple life, with all its advantages. It developed in this pioneer, who was a man of   170 - CLEVELAND AND ITS ENVIRONS     refinement and education, an independence of thought and action that made him an outstanding figure in the community. He had studied philosophy and divinity and had pondered over the problems besetting human life, and was frequently called upon to pronounce discourses in the pulpit of the village church. He lived out his life there, where he died in 1882.   Samuel W. Smart was born in London, England, January 26, 1830. He was only six months of age when his parents crossed the ocean to America. He was the only son in a family of eight children. He took advantage of the local educational facilities of that time, and early learned responsibilities beyond his age. He worked in his father's store, and in 1854 became his successor. He retired from active mercantile pursuits in 1878, at which time his son. Carlos, acquired and has since conducted the business established by his grandfather in 1836, the oldest in the community.   His connection with local banking arose when the needs of his community required, and he was urged by his fellow merchants to establish the Bank of Willoughby, in the management of which he continued until, on account of ill health, be retired about six years before his death. The substantial brick block in which the bank was located was erected by him to replace an old row of frame buildings destroyed by fire in 1885.   For fully half a century Samuel W. Smart was active in the business and civic life of Willoughby. He had much to do with the building and development of the town. His high reputation and personal rank, his progressive qualities and unfaltering energy, and his brotherliness to one's kind, contributed to make him a central and commanding figure much beloved in the community. He died at his home in that suburb August 20, 1904.   Samuel W. Smart was twice married. In 1856, Harriet S. Holmes became his wife. She died in 1870, leaving four children. Samuel H., now a resident of New York City, and Carlos, Mary, and Frank, who reside in Willoughby. In 1871 Mr. Smart married Apphia Gray Harrow. She was born in Winchester, Kentucky, October 25, 1836. It was largely through her influence and persisted effort that Grace Episcopal Church was established in Willoughby, services first and for a time being conducted in her home. After an active, useful and charitable life she died at Willoughby March 4, 1909. She was the mother of two children: John H., who is engaged in the practice of law in Cleveland, and James H., who is identified with the casualty and surety business in Cleveland.   JOHN HARROW SMART. Twenty years of hard and earnest work as a member of the Cleveland bar have brought John Harrow Smart many of the best distinctions of the profession. He is senior member of the firm Smart & Ford, attorneys and counselors at law in Cleveland.   Mr. Smart is a representative of that prominent pioneer family of Willoughby which has been identified with the upbuilding of that suburban center for over eighty years, being a son of the late banker and merchant, Samuel W. Smart, elsewhere mentioned in this publication.   John Harrow Smart was born at Willoughby October 3, 1872. After graduating from the public schools of his native village in 1892 he entered Trinity College at Hartford, Connecticut, and received his Bachelor of Science degree in 1895. While at Trinity he became a member of the Delta Kappa Epsilon fraternity. He studied law at Harvard University, graduating LL. B. in 1898. He at once came to Cleveland and engaged in the general practice of his profession.   The practice of law and varied business interests have absorbed Mr. Smart's time and energies almost to the exclusion of politics. However, he has taken a share of responsibilities within the democratic party, and in 1898 was nominated by the democratic convention as a candidate for the General Assembly, being defeated with the rest of the ticket that year. Mr. Smart is a member of the University Club, Nisi Prius Club, Cleveland and State and American Bar associations, and is a member of the Episcopal Church.   LESTER L. KRAUSE is one of the younger business men of Cleveland, who represents an old and honored name in local business and professional circles. He was formerly connected with V. C. Taylor & Son, Real Estate, but since July 15, 1918, has been a salesman for Buckeye Electric Division of National Lamp Works of General Electric Company.   There are four generations of the Krause family now living in or near Cleveland. His grandfather is Frank L. Krause, a resident of North Olmstead. Frank L. Krause was born in Germany, in 1837, and in 1848 at the age of eleven years his parents crossed the ocean and, after locating temporarily at Cleveland, founded a home on a farm at Mansfield, Ohio,   CLEVELAND AND ITS ENVIRONS - 171 and after living there for some years, returned to Cleveland to live. Frank L. Krause was the first graduate in the civil engineering course from the University of Michigan at Ann Arbor. After graduating he was engaged as locating and constructing engineer on The Iowa Central Railroad for a year or two. After his marriage in 1860 at Anamosa, Iowa, he moved to Cleveland in 1873, farming several years and being occupied for several years in mapping counties in Iowa, Wisconsin and Michigan, and was one of the early civil engineers of the city. In that capacity he did work for the City of Cleveland, located The New York Central & St. Louis Railroad through Cleveland, was engineer of maintenance of way and construction for the Big Four Railway Company, also engineer for the Cleveland Stone Company, the Detroit & Cleveland Navigation Company, and for a number of municipalities in this part of Ohio. He is now past the age of four score and is retired from professional business hut is engaged in bee culture of North Olmsted, Ohio. Frank L. Krause married Miss Alice Victoria Burlingame, who was of English descent and died at North Olmsted, Ohio, November 12, 1913. They had a family of nine children, seven daughters and two sons, the older son being F. B. Krause, mentioned in the succeeding paragraphs. Ella, living at Cleveland, married William Laidley. Alice is the wife of Ed Milligan, a civil engineer living at Youngstown, Ohio. Bertha married Charles Gilbert, who is connected with the Erie Railway Company and lives at Lakewood, Ohio. Louise, deceased, married George Zottman who died about 1902 and subsequently she married Tom Terrett, secretary to the Guarantee Title & Trust Company of Cleveland. Iva married Carl Dougherty and lives with her father at North Olmsted. Mercedes, deceased, was the wife of Mr. A. Calkins, also deceased. Nina, the youngest of the family, is the wife of John Hubbard, an optician with headquarters in the Arcade at Cleveland and a resident of Lakewood, Ohio.   F. B. Krause, son of Frank L. and the father of Lester L. Krause, was born in Iowa in 1867. He followed the same profession as his father, as a civil engineer and surveyor, and for many years has practiced with Cleveland as his headquarters. He still maintains offices in the Society for Savings Building. F. B. Krause married Matilda V. Farmer, who was born in West Virginia, in 1872. They now reside at 1731 Lake Front Avenue in East Cleveland. Their family consists of four children: Lester L.; Frank Bernard, Jr., who has served three years with the Ohio Engineers and is now re-enlisted for service in the National Army; Robert H., who is employed by his father ; and Dorothy.   Lester L. Krause was born at Cleveland October 10, 1893, and was educated in the local public schools, graduating from the Shaw High School in 1913. From high school he entered the offices of the prominent Cleveland real estate firm of V. C. Taylor & Son and is now manager of the rental department. Mr. Krause is independent in voting and is a member of the Cleveland Real Estate Board. In connection with his duties in the real estate business he is also studying law and is a member of the class of 1919 in the Cleveland Law School.   In 1915, at Detroit, Michigan, Mr. Krause married Miss Gladys E. Brown, daughter of John and Annie (Elyatt) Brown. Her parents now reside at Cleveland, where her father conducts a restaurant. Mr. and Mrs. Krause have one child, Lester Livingston Krause, Jr., born March 31, 1917.   FRANK J. MERRICK. Though one of the youngest members of the Cleveland bar, the record of Frank J. Merrick since his admission to practice has been one of such attainment as to practically assure a most successful future. Mr. Merrick is senior member of a vigorous and aggressive young partnership, Merrick, Jaglinski & Miller, attorneys and counselors at law with offices in the Engineers Building.   Mr. Merrick was born in Cleveland December 1, 1894. His father, the late William Merrick, who died at Cleveland October 10, 1904, was born in Tipperary. Ireland, came to the United States alone at the age of eighteen, and at New Britain, Connecticut, met and married Miss Mary McDonnell. She was born in Limerick, Ireland, and came to the United States in young womanhood. About three months after their marriage in 1872 William Merrick and wife came to Cleveland, and here he learned the trade and became an iron moulder. He was a skilful workman and by a career of industry provided well for his large household. His widow is still living in Cleveland. There were twelve children in the family, Frank J. being the youngest. Of the three daughters and nine sons, two of the former and five of the latter are still living.   172 - CLEVELAND AND ITS ENVIRONS   Frank J. Merrick attended the Lincoln public school in Cleveland and in 1912 graduated from the high school department of St. Ignatius College of this city. Then at the age of eighteen took up the study of law, attending night classes in the Cleveland Law School and graduating with the degree Bachelor of Law in 1915. Besides his work in night school he put in every day diligently employed and at study in the office of Col. H. J. Turney. Colonel Turney had his office in the Engineers Building where Mr. Merrick is practicing today.   Mr. Merrick was graduated in law before reaching his majority and was not permitted to take the State Bar examination for about a year. He was admitted July 1, 1916, and a month later he left the office of Colonel Tierney and formed a partnership with Joseph P. Jaglinski and William C. Miller under the firm name of Merrick, Jaglinski & Miller, who are now handling a large and choice general practice as lawyers.   Mr. Merrick is a member of the Cleveland and Ohio State Bar associations. He is one of the prominent young democrats of Cuyahoga County, is the party leader in the Sixteenth Ward and secretary of the Young Men's Democratic Club of that ward. While interested in all forms of outdoor sports Mr. Merrick's special hobby is baseball and since January 1, 1917, he has been secretary of the Cleveland Amateur Baseball Association. He is affiliated with the Knights of Columbus and is a member of the Catholic Church of St. Edward at Cleveland. Mr. Merrick is un-. married and lives with his mother at 2547 East Eighty-second Street.   BENJAMIN W. MCCAUSLAND. There are few cities in the world which offer such great opportunities for the development of men and large business interests as Cleveland, taking everything into consideration. Here can be found many of the raw materials, or they can be easily obtained through lake and railroad shipments. Here is an immense local market, and here are the men, solid, reliable and aggressive, ready and ambitious to push ahead to their ultimate end the city's large industries. Once a man finds the line for which he is properly fitted, if he has business sense and acumen, it is reasonably sure that he may attain success in one or another way. One of the men who has proven his own worth and increased his own value as a citizen by developing large interests is Benjamin W. McCausland. Mr. McCausland entered upon his career in a minor position with the United States Gypsum Company and has been connected with this concern to the present time, when he is sales manager for the Cleveland. district. Pew men are better or more favorably known in this industry in the Central West.   Benjamin W. McCausland was born at Alabaster, Michigan, July 25, 1874, and is a son of Thomas G. and Mary (Peshick) McCausland. His father, a native of Michigan, and now a retired resident of Cleveland, was for many years engaged in merchandising at Alabaster and was one of that community's prominent citizens. Mrs. McCausland, who died several years ago, was born at Saginaw, Michigan.   Benjamin W. McCausland was educated in the public schools of Alabaster and the high school at Saginaw, and his first introduction to the business world came in the position of bookkeeper in the employ of the United States Gypsum Company, a concern which has its home office at Chicago, but composed of many subsidiary enterprises. He has never faltered in allegiance or fidelity to this concern, and is now one of its most trusted employes, being sales manager for the Cleveland district, as well as a stockholder in the company. This concern manufactures a number of products from gypsum, including plaster of paris, all wall plasters, gypsum roofing and partition tile and plaster board. The principal mine is at Oakfield, New York, where the company has the largest gypsum plant in the world, but other mines are located at Gypsum, Ohio; Plasterco, Virginia; Alabaster and Grand Rapids, Michigan; Fort Dodge, Iowa; Blue Rapids, Southard and Eldorado, Kansas; and in California, Wyoming and North Dakota, and mills are located at all of these places. In the trade Mr. McCausland is known as a man thoroughly conversant with every detail pertaining to the business, and as a sales manager of initiative, resource and progressive spirit, alive to opportunities and of much executive ability.   Mr. McCausland was married at Cleveland, Mardi 21, 1911, to Miss Marguerite Poppan, a native of Saginaw, Michigan, and a daughter of Thomas Poppan, who came originally from the State of Maine as one of the pioneers of Saginaw, where he is now living in retirement. Mr. and Mrs. McCausland are the parents of two children : Thomas and Dorothy. He is a member of Tawas City Lodge No. 302, Ancient Free and Accepted Masons at Tawas   CLEVELAND AND ITS ENVIRONS - 173 City, Michigan, and a member of the Cleveland Rotary Club, the Cleveland Athletic Club and the Builders Exchange. In politics he supports the candidates of the republican party, but has taken no active participation in political matters.   GEORGE H. MILLER. To George H. Miller is credited a large share of the financial and business planning and work which developed the Musterole Company from a small basement manufacturing concern of local dimensions into one of the biggest proprietary medicine institutions of Cleveland. Today, as a result of slow and steady growth, nation-wide advertising, "Musterole" is a trade name recognized in the most remote sections of America and the distribution and use of the product is co-extensive with the fame of the name.   Mr. Miller was born at South Allen, Michigan, August 25, 1878, and when two years of age his parents moved to Lorain, Ohio, and seven years later to Cleveland, with which city his entire career since early childhood has been identified. His father, Charles W. Miller, was of Scotch and German descent, of an old American family and Revolutionary stock. He was horn in Ohio. was a carpenter by trade, and died in October, 1915. The mother, whose maiden name was Salinda Jane Brownell. was horn in Michigan and is now living at Cleveland. She is also of an old American family of English descent, and the Brownells were pioneers in the State of Michigan.   George H. Miller grew up at Cleveland and acquired his education in the public schools. From school he entered a hardware store, and in 1900 went into business for himself with John S. Rendall as a partner. This firm, Rendall & Miller, had their store at 1511 Cedar Avenue. now the corner of Ninety-eighth Street and Cedar Avenue. Mr. Miller was connected with this business for eight years.   Eighteen months before he left the hardware business he furnished financial backing to Mr. A. L. MacLaren. a druggist at Cedar Avenue and East. Ninety-seventh Street, for the increased production of a special formula worked out and perfected by that druggist for the manufacture of "Musterole." At first this product was put up at the drug store as a prescription, and its use was practically restricted to the patronage of that store. The preparation had undoubted merit and seemed only to require some money and good business judgment to get wider use and distribution. It was at this time that Mr. Miller agreed to finance the proposition. It was all experimental work for Mr. Miller and the business was extended only as results justified. Mr. Miller furnished an increasing amount of capital, and after eighteen months sold his interest in the hardware store in order to devote his complete resources, financially and as a manager, to the manufacture of Musterole. The business went along on a modest scale until 1908, when the company was incorporated. The present officers of the Musterole Company are: Charles F. Buescher, president; Matthew Andrews, vice president; and George H. Miller, secretary-treasurer.   It is hardly necessary to speak of the remarkable success made by the Musterole Company. Mr. Miller realizes how slow and hard the work was for five or six years. With increased capital and with the substantial reputation made in a restricted territory, advertising and distribution agencies were increased and with the endorsements of the preparation by many well know'n physicans the business grew until it is now one of the chief proprietary medicines manufactured in America. It is distributed to all parts of the United States and Canada, and the present plans are to introduce Musterole into various foreign countries as soon as the war is over. The products used in the manufacture come from Japan, China, European countries and Sumatra.   At first the product was entirely manufactured in the basement of the drug store at Ninety-seventh and Cedar Avenue. Later a store room was used at One Hundred and Third Street and Cedar Avenue. From there they moved to a new building at 4612 St. Clair Avenue. It was supposed this factory would meet all demands for years to come. But the business was growing by leaps and hounds and in two years larger quarters had to he secured. The company then built their present manufactory at Twenty-seventh Street near Payne Avenue. It is a three-story brick and steel structure, absolutely modern and with all mechanical facilities and equipments. It has a daily capacity of 50,000 packages of Musterole.   September 11, 1902, at Cleveland, Mr. Miller married Miss Cora Belle Nichols, a native of Medina, Ohio. Her father. the late John Nichols, was a farmer and with five other brothers served in an Ohio regiment during the Civil war. Mr. and Mrs. Miller have two children: Albert L., attending the Miami   174 - CLEVELAND AND ITS ENVIRONS   Military Institute at Germantown, Ohio, and Martha Dawn Miller, in the primary grades of the public schools.   Politically Mr. Miller is an independent republican. He is affiliated with Penlaptha Lodge No. 636, Ancient Free and Accepted Masons, Holyrood Commandery, Knights Templar, Lake Erie Consistory of the Scottish Rite, Al Sirat Grotto No. 17, M. O. V. P. E. R., and Mount Olive Chapter. He is also active in social and club affairs, a member of the Cleveland Athletic Club, the Chamber of Commerce, the Chamber of . Commerce of the United States, the Automobile Club, the Museum of Arts, the Willowick Country Club. the Cleveland Rotary Club, the Knights of the Maccabees, the Snow Lake Fishing and Hunting Club, and attends worship at the Fairmount Presbyterian Church.   SYLVESTER THOMAS EVERETT, retired and enjoying the calm dignity of fourscore years, has been a conspicuous figure in Cleveland's financial, business, political and civic affairs for half a century. His life constitutes a big chapter of American business and finance. and it is possible here to indicate and suggest rather than describe the many experiences and influences that have radiated from his career.   He was born in Liberty Township. Trumbull County, Ohio, November 27. 1838. For several generations his people lived in Lehigh County. Pennsylvania. His father, Samuel Everett a native of that county. came to Trumbull County. Ohio. when a small boy with his parents in 1797. Ohio was still a territory. and in a district that was almost completely isolated from the rest of the nation he exercited in due course an initiative and enterprise that made him one of the successful men of his time. He was a farmer and also constructed and operated the first linseed oil mill west of Pittsburgh. He was also a manufacturer of soda, pearl ash and soap and other commodities. Samuel Everett married Miss Sarah Von Pheil, who was born in Bucks County. Pennsylvania. Her father. Henry Von Pheil. came to America from Prussia about 1798.   The power that enabled Sylvester T. Everett to carry weighty responsibilities through more than half a century was derived partly from a hardy ancestry and also from the wholesome environment of the country during his youth. He bad the training and experience of a farmer's son. In 1850. at the age of twelve. he came to Cleveland to live with his brother Dr. Henry Everett. After a year in the public schools he went to work as general utility boy in the dry goods house of S. Raymond & Company. A year later he formed his first banking connection as messenger boy and collection clerk with the house of Brockway, Wason, Everett & Company. An older brother was a member of that house. Three years later he was promoted to assistant cashier, and doubtless was one of the youngest men to have those responsibilities in the history of Ohio banking. In 1858 he assisted his uncle, Charles Everett, a prominent merchant, in closing up a business at Philadelphia, and remained there until 1860, when be was recalled and entered the banking institution again. In 1864 he was made superintendent of one of the largest oil properties in the Oil Creek district of Pennsylvania, known as the McClintockville Petroleum Company, having been called by the firm.   Mr. Everett returned to Cleveland in 1868 as manager of the banking house of Everett, Weddell & Company, after the retirement of Mr. Wason from the firm. In May, 1876, he became vice president and general manager of the Second National Bank of Cleveland, which was one of the few banks of that time capitalized at a million dollars. In January, 1877, he was elected president and remained at its head until 1882, when the bank was liquidated by limitation of its charter. He then founded the National Bank of Commerce, with a capital of one and a half million dollars, and was its first president. He resigned to become identified with the organization of the Union National Bank and was largely instrumental in making that one of the leading financial institutions of Ohio. Mr. Everett continued active as a banker until 1891, when he retired from the active management of the bank, but remained a director for a number of years until 1900. He also served as a director of the Citizens Savings & Trust Company for many years, and is still connected with that institution, which absorbed both the National Bank of Commerce and the Union National Bank, both of which were originally organized by Mr. Everett. The.Citizens Savings & Trust Company is today the largest banking concern between New York and Chicago.   As a financier and business man Mr. Everett deserves credit as one of the pioneers in promoting electric railway construction in the 'United States. He promoted, financed and built at Akron the first successful electric street railway in the world. He also promoted     CLEVELAND AND ITS ENVIRONS - 175   and financed the Erie Pennsylvania Electric Company of Erie, Pennsylvania. He was the chief promoter and vice president and treasurer of the Valley Railway, personally carrying it for six years after the financial troubles following the panic of 1873, and then reorgani?ing the company in 1879 and later selling it to the Baltimore & Ohio. This road subsequently became the Cleveland Terminal and Valley Railway Company. Mr. Everett was formerly a director of the Cleveland Rolling Mill Company, the Little Consolidated Street Railway Company and the Cleveland Railway Company. Among his other business interests are mining properties in North Carolina, Wisconsin and Michigan, and both mining and ranching properties in Colorado.   Mr. Everett has been associated on terms of intimacy with the foremost men of affairs of Ohio and the nation, and particularly with the leaders of the republican party of the nation and state during the last half century. In April, 1869, he was elected city treasurer of Cleveland, being one of the two republicans elected to office that year. He was re-elected and served seven consecutive terms, fourteen years. Several times he was given almost the entire vote of both parties, and four times was nominee of both parties, and for several terms was almost the only republican officeholder in the city administration. Cleveland municipal finances owes him a big debt for his introduction of a better system of accounting and for putting the city's credit on a sound basis. Mr. Everett was a member of five of the Cleveland Sinking Fund Commission from 1878 until this commission liquidated by expiration of charter in 1912. This was one of the most important trusts that could be conferred by the city.   Mr. Everett was an alternate delegate-atlarge from the state of Ohio to the National Convention at Philadelphia of 1872 when General Grant was nominated for a second term. He was a delegate to the convention of 1880 which nominated his intimate friend Gen. James A. Garfield, by whom he was afterward appointed United States Government director. He was. a presidential elector in 1888, and with the Ohio delegation cast a solid vote for Gen. Benjamin Harrison. He was also delegate to the St. Louis Convention of 1896 when William McKinley was nominated.   Mr. Everett was one of the founders and charter members of the Union Club and its   Vol. III-12   first treasurer, and of which he is still a member. He is also a member of the Country, Roadside and Mayfield Clubs, the Manhattan, Lawyers, and New York Clubs of New York City, the Automobile Club of America of New York, and the Blooming Grove Hunting and Fishing Club of Pike County, Pennsylvania. The Everett city home is one of the finest on Euclid Avenue, and the family also have country homes at Engadine Farms in Transylvania County, North Carolina, and near Bonanza in Colorado. His well earned leisure Mr. Everett has employed in extensive travel, both in America and abroad, and his Cleveland home has long been known to art lovers for the collections that his taste has assembled. This home has entertained many prominent guests, including eminent Americans, governors of various states, great financiers, such as J. P. Morgan and Andrew Carnegie, railroad men, bankers and others.   In January, 1860, Mr. Everett married Miss Mary M. Everett, daughter of Charles and Catherine (Evans) Everett, of Philadelphia. She died in October, 1876. They had four children : Holmes Marshall, Catherine Evans, Margaret Worrell and Ellen.   On October 22, 1879, Mr. Everett married Alice Louisa Wade, daughter of Randall P. and Anna R. (McGaw) Wade, a sister of J. H. Wade and granddaughter of Jeptha H. Wade, founder of Wade Park and one of Cleveland's most prominent early business men. Jeptha Wade is remembered as the pioneer in the construction and operation of telegraph systems in the Middle West. and was one of the founders of the Western Union Telegraph Company, and for many years actively associated with that corporation. Mrs. Everett was born in Cleveland January 1, 1859, and spent all her life in the city. She died at her home, 4111 Euclid Avenue, February 12, 1916. Her many wholesome interests included an active part in local philanthropy. She was a worker in behalf of the Cleveland Protestant Orphanage and one of its trustees and was especially devoted to children's charities. Mrs. Everett was survived by four children, a son, Randall W. Everett, who graduated from Yale University in 1903 and is now a resident of Engadine Farms. North Carolina: and by three daughters. Mrs. J. G. Sholes of Cleveland, and Anna Ruth and Esther, who live at the family home. The third child of Mr. and Mrs. Everett was Sylvester Homer Everett, who died in Cleveland in 1912 at the age of twenty-eight. He   176 - CLEVELAND AND ITS ENVIRONS   was a graduate of Yale University and was a young man of many rare gifts of character and personality.   ALBERT E. KING is secretary and treasurer of one of the most powerful and influential organizations in American industrial life, Brotherhood of Railway Trainmen, and as keeper of the records of this Brotherhood and manager and custodian of its funds he has his offices and headquarters in Cleveland on the twelfth floor of the American Trust Building. American railway men almost without exception know or know of Mr. King, appreciate the responsibilities he has carried so capably and for so many years, and they share with the general public a complete confidence in his fidelity and integrity of purpose.   Mr. King has been a railroad man or in the service of railroad men for thirty years. When he was about eighteen years of age he left school and went to work for the Delaware, Lackawanna & Western Railroad. He was born at Norwich, New York, September 17, 1860, and was reared there, attending public schools and an academy. He was with the Lackawanna road continuously until July 1, 1897, beginning as a brakeman and finally resigning the position of train baggagemaster.   At the convention of Brotherhood of Railway Trainmen held at Toronto, Ontario, in May, 1897, Mr. King was elected secretary and treasurer of the organization. It is a remarkable testimony to his fidelity to the interests of this organization and his thorough competence that he has been kept continuously in the one position now for more than twenty years. He has been reelected at every convention of the Brotherhood. Formerly the conventions were held biennially, but now only once every three years. When Mr. King first became secretary and treasurer of the Brotherhood its membership was about twenty-three thousand. Today fully a hundred and sixty thousand are affiliated with what is familiarly known as the B. R. T. Up to December 1, 1899, the headquarters of the Brotherhood were at Peoria, Illinois, at which date Mr. King moved his offices and records to Cleveland. Here the office occupies the entire twelfth floor and part of the thirteenth floor of the American Trust Building. Mr. King not only keeps the records of the organization but receives and disburses its funds and handles what is a large business in itself, the insurance of the individual members. The Brotherhood derives its membership from railway trainmen throughout the United States and Canada. Up to thirty years ago none of the standard insurance companies would accept railway men as risks, and it was customary for a voluntary collection to be taken up among railway men themselves for the benefit of the family at the death of the member. In 1887 the organization adopted a plan of insurance, and this plan has been gradually modified and extended until now all members are insured and $221,000,000 of insurance are in force. Every year there is a payment to members on policies of $3,000,000 or more and up to January 1, 1918, $39,000,000 had been paid in insurance. The policies are payable at death or for total or permanent disability.   Mr. King's father was John Willard King, who was born in New York State in 1821, spent all his active life at Norwich, and died there in 1898. He was a merchant for many years. Politically he was a democrat and a member of the Methodist Episcopal Church. He married Adelia Roberts. who was born in New York State in 1819 and died at Norwich in February, 1877. Albert E. King was the youngest of their seven children. Ellen, the oldest, married George Sanders, and both are now deceased. They were both teachers, while Mr. Sanders was also a minister of the Methodist Episcopal Church in New York State. Frank Willard was a contractor and builder and died at Norwich, New York. Charles was a carpenter and died at Norwich. John H., a carpenter by trade, occupied the office of deputy sheriff many years and died at Norwich, January 1, 1918. Judson D. was a farmer and died at Norwich. Sarah is the wife of Clark H. Loomis, a farmer living at Westwood, New Jersey.   Albert E. King besides his duties and responsibilities as secretary and treasurer of the Brotherhood of Railway Trainmen is now in the service of the Government as a member of a local draft board, and this takes up practically all his evening hours. He is a democrat, attends the Episcopal Church, is affiliated with Binghamton Lodge of the Independent Order of Odd Fellows at Binghamton, New York, with the Royal Arcanum, the National Union, the American Insurance Union, the Iowa State Traveling Men's Association, and is a member of the Cleveland Automobile Club and the Lakewood Chamber   CLEVELAND AND ITS ENVIRONS - 177 of Commerce. He is regarded as a fixture in Cleveland citizenship and owns his home at 14018 Clifton Boulevard in Lakewood.   r. King's ancestors came from England and were colonial settlers in Rhode Island. On June 15, 1880, at Binghamton, New York, Mr. King married Miss Myra Dewey, daughter of Milton and Pamelia (Riggs) Dewey. Both parents are deceased. Her father was at one time a saddler in Binghamton. Mr. and Mrs. King have two children. Pearl Addle is the wife of Clarence B. Lincoln, a bond salesman, and they reside at 1215 Marlow Avenue in Lakewood. Irene Gertrude is the wife of Clayton E. White, who lives in Chicago and is manager of the Chicago office of the United States Heat and Light Company.   MR. AND MRS. EDWARD P. HUNT. Cleveland as a modern cosmopolitan city has incorporated many thousands into its population from other communities and states and nations every few years. But there still remains as a nucleus a considerable body of old time families, meaning thereby those who have lived here half a century or more. Among these old time Cleveland people who enjoy a moat enviable rank and station are Mr. and Mrs. Edward P. Hunt of 1926 East 89th Street.   Mr. Hunt, who is president of the DavidHunt-Collister Company, one of the oldest and most prosperous retail hardware firms of the city, has enjoyed active and congenial assomations with the prominent business men and citizens of Cleveland since Civil war times.   He is of old English ancestry, originally settled in Connecticut in colonial days. His grandfather. Isaac Hunt. was born in Connecticut in 1770 and in early life went as a pioneer to Western New York and established a home on a farm in Cayuga County. He spent the rest of his life in that county and died at Aurelius in 1850.   The founder of the family in Cleveland was Harry Hunt, who was born in Cayuga County. New York, in 1800. He was reared, educated and married in his native county, was trained as a farmer, and in 1852 joined the little city of Cleveland. Here his affairs prospered and he became one of the large and wealthy real estate owners of the city. Harry Hunt died at Cleveland in 1882. He was a member of the Presbyterian Church. and was always affiliated with the democratic party. He married Ketura Yale, who was born in Cayuga County, New York, and died at Aurelius in that county in 1840. She was the mother of two children, Helen and Edward P. Helen, who died at Cleveland in 1903, married James Davis, also deceased, who was for many years a farmer in Cuyahoga County. Harry Hunt married for his second wife Susan Hallock, who was born in Cayuga County and died at Aurelius, New York. Her only child was Charles A. Hunt, who died in California in 1910. He spent many years as a farmer in Nebraska, and finally retired to Santa Anna, California.   Edward P. Hunt was born at Aurelius, Cayuga County, New York, July 5, 1838, and was fourteen years old when his father came to Cleveland. He was educated in the rural schools of New York and attended public school in Cleveland, including high school. He was also in Oberlin College, but left that institution during his senior year. He paid his own way through college by teaching school in winters. He was twenty years old when he left school and for four years was a teacher in the old Rockwell Street School of Cleveland.   Mr. Hunt is a surviving veteran of the Civil war. He enlisted in 1864 in Company C of the One Hundred and Fifth Ohio Infantry. He remained until the close of the war and his chief service was as guard at Washington. After the war he returned to Cleveland and took up the study of law with Ranney, Backus & Noble. Instead of following a profession he founded in 1865 the hardware firm of Davis & Hunt. This business has been conducted continuously now for over half a century, with Mr. Hunt for the greater part of the time its active and responsible head. In 1893 it was incorporated as the Davis-Hunt-Collister Company. Its place of business is known to all Clevelanders at 147149 Ontario Street.   Mr. Hunt has given much of his time to the cause of public education and is especially prominent in the Presbyterian Church. Marry years ago he served as a member of the Cleveland Board of Education. As a Presbyterian he was formerly a member of the Woodland Avenue Church, but now worships in the Second Presbyterian Church. For eleven years he served as superintendent of the Sunday school of the Woodland Avenue Presbyterian Church. The membership of that school was 1,800 and it was the largest school in the city. Mr. Hunt was also super-   178 - CLEVELAND AND ITS ENVIRONS   intendent of other Sunday schools here for nineteen years. He is a republican and is a former member of the Cleveland Chamber of Commerce.   In 1869, at Cleveland, Edward P. Hunt and Miss Mary W. Rice were married and began the long journey of life which has continued uninterrupted for nearly half a century.   Mrs. Hunt is of one of the prominent early Cleveland families, and she has long sustained an active part in the city's social affairs. She was born in Cleveland, was educated in the public schools, and attended the old Cleveland Female Seminary, one of the institutions of learning at that time. She is a member of the Early Settlers Association and has been identified with that society since it was organized by her father forty-four years ago and has missed only one meeting in all that time. Mrs. Hunt has been with her husband as a sustaining member of the Presbyterian Church, formerly in the Woodland Avenue and now in the Second Presbyterian Church on Prospect Avenue.   Mr. and Mrs. Hunt have two daughters, Emma and Nettie. Emma finished her education in the Miss Mittleberger's private school of Cleveland and is now the wife of Edwin R. Perkins, Jr., son of E. R. Perkins, who was well known as a Cleveland hanker. Mr. Perkins Jr. is president of the Mahoning Division of the Erie Railway and they reside on East Eighty-ninth Street. The daughter Nettie is a graduate of the Hathaway-Brown School of Cleveland. and is the wife of Dr. J. E. Cook, physician and surgeon, living on East Seventieth Street.   Mrs. Hunt is a daughter of Hon. Harvey Rice. The Rice family came from Barkhampstead, England, and the founder of the name in America was Edmond Rice. The grandfather of Harvey Rice was Cyrus Rice, who moved from Worcester, Massachusetts, to Conway, that state, in 1762, and was the first settler in that locality. His first neighbors were Indians. His daughter Beulah was the first white child born at Conway. Cyrus Rice died at the age of ninety-two. The father of Harvey Rice was Stephen Rice, who married Lucy Baker, and they spent their lives as farmers at Conway, Massachusetts.   Hon. Harvey Rice was born at Conway, Massachusetts. in 1800. He was reared there but was married in Cleveland. By his work he paid his way through Williams College, graduating A. B. in 1824. Many years later, in 1871, his alma mater conferred upon him the honorary degree of LL. D. In 1824, fresh from Williams College, he came out to Cleveland, and this city owes him a great debt of gratitude for the splendid work he did in founding its early system of schools. He arrived in Cleveland without a dollar, and his first work here was as teacher in the old Academy on St. Clair Street. Later he took up the study of law with Reuben Wood, afterwards distinguished as a governor of Ohio. Admitted to the bar, he practiced law for many years. A successful lawyer, his enduring work was that done in behalf of the civic and educational welfare of Cleveland, a work which was absolutely without compensation in a financial sense. Harvey Rice was the father of the common school system of Ohio, and for a number of years was president of the Board of Education of Cleveland. He served as a member of the Ohio State Senate in the '50s, and was also president of the Workhouse Board of Cleveland for about twelve years, holding that office when the workhouse was first established on Woodland Avenue. He was also founder and for eleven years president of the Early Settlers Association, and was filling that office when he died in 1892. He was a democrat and was affiliated with St. Paul's Episcopal Church.   Harvey Rice married for his first wife Fannie Rice, who became the mother of two children: Captain Percy W. Rice, who was a pioneer merchant at Cleveland in the crockery business, member of the firm Rice & Burnett, and also served as captain of the Cleveland Light Artillery during the Civil war. Captain Rice died in Cleveland. leaving one son, Walter P. Rice, of Cleveland, a civil engineer. He was city engineer of Cleveland two terms. The second child was Fannie Maria, who died in Cleveland, wife of Proctor Burned, deceased, a member of the firm of Rice & Burnett.   For his second wife Harvey Rice married Emma Maria Fitch, who was horn at Putney, Vermont. in 1811. and died at Cleveland in 1889. They were married in Cleveland. Her father was Col. James Fitch, of Vermont. To this marriage were horn five children. Henrietta Maria. who died at San Francisco. California. in 1873, married James Irvine, a San Francisco capitalist now deceased. Emma Fitch. who died at Cleveland in 1876, was the wife of the late Paul P. Condit, a merchant. The third of the family is Mrs. Hunt. James S. Rice is a retired ranchman of Tustin City, California. Harvey Rice, Jr., was a   CLEVELAND AND ITS ENVIRONS - 179   real estate broker and died at Los Angeles in 1904.   ALBERT M. ALLEN is perhaps better known outside the City of Cleveland than in it as a prominent engineer and architect. He is head of the firm Albert M. Allen & Company, Engineers and Architects. He has built up an expert organization offering a complete technical service especially in building engineering and architecture. Their work is largely in steel and reinforced concrete structures, in the installation and building of power plants.   Mr. Allen is member of a prominent Akron family, and he was born in that city August 26, 1877, son of Minor J. and Frances C. (De-Wolf) Allen. His father died at Akron in 1915 and his mother now lives at Cleveland. Minor J. Allen was born in Summit County, Ohio, his birthplace being now included in the greater city of Akron. Throughout his active career he was engaged in the milling industry, and was associated with his brother Albert and also with Ferdinand Schumaker in the old flour mills and industries out of which finally developed the American Cereal Company, which for the past ten years has been the great Quaker Oats Company, an industry that next to rubber gives Akron its chief fame as an industrial city. Minor J. Allen retired from business a number of years before his death and was eighty-six when he died. The Allens were pioneers in Summit County and the great-grandfather of Albert M. Allen drove overland from Connecticut with ox teams to what is now Akron. Frances C. DeWolf was born in Portage County, Ohio, and her people were also originally from Connecticut. Albert M. Allen is the oldest child of his parents. The second, Minor W., is superintendent of the National Carbon Company of Cleveland. Margaret is the wife of Carl D. Sheppard, an Akron attorney. Christine is the wife of Robert H. Davis of Cleveland. Mrs. James Scales is wife of one of the officials in the Goodyear Rubber Company of Akron. The children were all born and educated in Akron.   Albert M. Allen graduated from the Akron High School in 1895, spent two years in Hiram College, and then entered Stevens Institute of Technology, from which he received his degree Mechanical Engineer in 1901. The next four years he spent in a professional capacity in New York City and in August, 1905, came to Cleveland. His first office was in the Rose Building, later in the Schofield Building, and he became first tenant in his present office at 1900 Euclid Avenue. He and his firm have done engineering work on many large public and private buildings all over the United States. They build factories, warehouses, power plants, and have carried out many complicated contracts involving heating, ventilation and sanitation. Among other concerns with which Mr. Allen is identified in a business way he is a director of the Ninth Street Terminal Warehouse Company, the National Mortgage Company, the Builders Investment Company and the Apex Coal Company, all of Cleveland, and the Bankers Guarantee Title & Trust Company of Akron.   Mr. Allen is a musician by taste and training and for a number of years was connected with the Eighth Regiment Band at Akron. He is affiliated with Glenville Lodge No. 612, Free and Accepted Masons at Cleveland ; McKinley Chapter, Royal Arch Masons, Oriental Commandery No. 12, Knights Templars, Lake Erie Consistory of the Scottish Rite, and Al Koran Temple of the Mystic Shrine. Socially he is a member of the Union Club, Shaker Heights Country Club, University Club of Cleveland, is a member of the Cleveland Chamber of Commerce, Engineers Club of New York, Akron City Club of Akron, Canton Club of Canton, the Phi Sigma Kappa fraternity and the Cleveland Automobile Club. His church membership is with the Euclid Avenue Christian Church.   At Union, New Jersey, April 6, 1900, Mr. Allen married Miss Christine Pellinger, of Weehawken, New Jersey. Mrs. Allen was born at Akron, daughter of George and Caroline (Rodrian) Pellinger, both now deceased. Her father was a New York manufacturer. Mr. and Mrs. Allen have two children : Margaret C., born in Weehawken, New Jersey ; and Robert F., born at Cleveland.   CHARLES C. FISHER is one of the noteworthy names in Cleveland's industrial circles, is a man of many expert accomplishments in mechanical and manufacturing lines, and is now sole proprietor of the Laer Screw Machine Products Company.   Mr. Fisher was born at Cardington, Morrow County, Ohio, December 27, 1875. His family, however, have been identified with Cleveland almost since pioneer times. His grandfather, John Fisher, a native of Germany, left the old country when about twenty years of age, in order to escape the odious duties of military service, and on coming to America   180 - CLEVELAND AND ITS ENVIRONS .   located at Cleveland. He was a locksmith by trade, but for a number of years conducted a cafe in this city, where he died in advanced years and before his grandson Charles was born.   John W. Fisher, father of the Cleveland manufacturer, was born at Cleveland in 1841. His birthplace at that time was known as Ohio City, now the West Side of Cleveland. He grew up and married here and early in his career took up railroading, in the operating branches of which he has filled every grade of service and responsibility. He has been brakeman, engineer and conductor, and he continued to follow railroading until he retired. he also made a creditable record as a soldier of the Civil war, enlisting in 1861, and being with the Union armies continuously for four years and six months, until after the war closed. However, he has always voted as a democrat. John W. Fisher married Melinda Foust, who was born in Ohio in 1852, and died at Cleveland in 1914. Of their children Charles C. was the third and youngest. Dora, the oldest, is the wife of M. C. Lyman, a worker in the steel plants at Lorain but a resident of Elyria. G. W. Fisher, the second child, lives on 115th Street. Cleveland, and is connected with the American Stove Company.   Charles C. Fisher had only a limited period of attendance at the public schools of Cleveland and at the early age of twelve years was earning his own way as an employee of Eaberhart Manufacturing Company. He was with them a year and a half, and for two and a half years worked for the Peerless Manufacturing Company, a concern making wringers and reclining chairs. A better opportunity came to him with the Cleveland Automatic Machine Company, where he spent two years learning the machinist's trade. After that he followed his trade as a journeyman worker and finally became connected with M. J. Kulla in the Laer Screw Machine Products Manufacturing Company. For a Year he was a nartner of Mr. Kulla, but in July, 1916, bought out the entire business and is now sole proprietor. The plant, located at 1924 East Fifty-fifth Street, has facilities for the manufacture of everything in screw machine products, and the market is practically confined to the larger cities of Ohio, where automobile and electric companies absorb everything made.   Mr. Fisher is independent in politics, is affiliated with Euclid Lodge of the Independent Order of Odd Fellows and National Lodge No. 626 of the Knights of Pythias, both at Cleveland. His home is at 2537 East Eighty-fourth Street. In 1912, at Cleveland, he married Miss Anna Roach, daughter of Mr. and Mrs. John Roach, both now deceased. Her father was a railroad man.   WILLIAM KOEBLER. For over sixty years the name Koehler has had honorable associations with the business affairs of Cleveland. One of the pioneer furniture and undertaking establishments of the city was founded by the late Carl Koehler, and in point of equipment and service no firm in the entire city ranks as superior to J. & W. Koehler Company, of which William Koehler, a son of Carl, is president.   The late Carl Koehler was born in Baden, Germany, in 1832. At the age of seventeen he came to the United States and soon located in Cleveland, where he found Opportunity to work at his trade as a cabinet maker. He gradually used his growing capital to establish himself in the furniture, carpet and undertaking business. His pioneer establishment, and in fact one of the first business institutions of its kind in the city, was at the corner of Charles, now Twenty-sixth Street, and Woodland Avenue. Later he moved to the corner of Perry, now Twenty-second Street, and Woodland Avenue. There he erected a business block especially for his store and undertaking parlors. This was one of the first business structures erected between East Ninth and Fifty-fifth streets. Carl Koehler was primarily and enthusiastically a business man and gained success through his close devotion to his duties and responsibilities. He finally retired from business and died in Cleveland in 1913, at the age of eighty-one. While so much of his time was taken up by business he was a leader in church and musical affairs and had an active part in nearly all the musical entertainments of thirty or forty years ago. He was director of several singing societies and bands and was organist and musical director in St. Paul's Evangelical Church. He was one of the organizers of that church and served on the official board as a deacon. Politically he was a republican. Carl Koehler married Anna Sanger, who was born in Germany in 1838 and died at Cleveland in 1884. In 1846, when she was eight years of age, her parents came to Cleveland, where her father, who died a few years later, conducted a cooper shop on old Irbing Street,   CLEVELAND AND ITS ENVIRONS - 181   at that time close to the outskirts and limits of the city. Carl Koehler and wife were the parents of five children, William being the youngest. The oldest, Amelia, is the wife of Philip Hill, formerly a cigar manufacturer, later a retail shoe merchant, and now living retired on Fifty-fifth Street in Cleveland. Charles the second child, succeeded to his father's business, but retired in 1897 and died at Cleveland in 1914. Julius is vice president of the J. & W. Koebler Company. Louis was a traveling salesman and died at Roscoe, Michigan, in 1909.   William Koehler, who was horn at Cleveland, October 7, 1868, attended public school only through the grammar grades, finishing at the age of fifteen. Later he took a course in thP Cleveland Business College. For a time he was connected with his brother Charles in the undertaking business and learned all details of its management. In 1885 Charles Koebler moved the business of his father to Chapel, now Twenty-fourth Street. and Woodland Avenue. In 1897 Julius and William Koehler acquired the business from their brother, and located it on Woodland Avenue only a few doors from its original location near Charles Street. In 1901 they moved to their present location at 2340 East Fifty-fifth Street, where they owh the ground and the building. They have installed one of the most modern and perfect equipments for all branches of undertaking service, and they had one of the first private residence funeral parlors in the city.   Mr. William Koebler is a republican, is a trustee of the Wilson Avenue Baptist Church, is affiliated with Forest City Lodge, Free and Accepted Masons, Cleveland Chapter, Royal Arch Masons, Holyrood Commandery, Knights Templar, Lake Erie Consistory of the Scottish Rite, Al Koran Temple of the Mystic Shrine, and also has affiliations with Anchor Lodge, Independent Order of Odd Fellows; Owatona Lodge, Knights of Pythias; Woodmen of the World ; National Union ; and for twenty-seven years has been active in Cleveland Lodge No. 18, Benevolent and Protective Order of Elks. He is a member of the Cleveland Chamber of Commerce and is secretary and treasurer of the Geauga Silica Sand Company. October 7, 1896, Mr. Koehler married Loretta D'Arman. Mrs. Koehler was born in Franklin, Pennsylvania.   JOSEPH A. KYSMA. Out of an active experience of many years, Joseph A. Kysela has developed one of the largest and most important fire insurance agencies in the City of Cleveland. He is an acknowledged master in this special field, and a number of the oldest standard companies in the country have found it to their advantage to entrust their local business to his agency.   Though a resident of Cleveland nearly all his life, Mr. Kysela was born at New York City, January 25, 1874. He is a son of the late Frank Kysela, a prominent leader among the Bohemian people of Cleveland and who exercised an unqualified leadership among his native countrymen for a long period of years. He was born in Bohemia, and came to Cleveland about forty-three years ago. One of the early Bohemians to establish homes in the city, all classes of the people accorded him their confidence, and his efforts largely contributed to the good citizenship and mutual understanding and co-operation between the Bohemian and other classes of Cleveland citizenship. He was a prominent operator in the real estate field and developed a large amount of property in the vicinity of the old Harvey Rice homestead. His first allotment of importance was on One Hundred and Sixteenth Street. He filled the office of justice of the peace in that township during his later years. About twenty years ago he established the Vcela Building and Loan Association, of which he was president, and today it has 5,000 shareholders. Frank Kysela died at Cleveland September 28, 1917. His wife, Catherine (Roth) Kysela, was also a native of Bohemia and is now living at the old home on One Hundred and Sixteenth Street.   Joseph A. Kysela attended the public schools of Cleveland, and his first regular employment wag in the general offices of the Baltimore & Ohio Railway, where he remained ten years. Without experience he entered the insurance business, and has given his best time and efforts to that line for about fifteen years. About five years ago he bought the Reddeman Agency, one of the older established insurance concerns of Cleveland. The Kysela Agency now represents eight prominent fire insurance companies, including the American Insurance Company of Newark, the Westchester Insurance Company of New York, the Great American Insurance Company of New York, the Reliance Insurance Company of Philadelphia, the Insurance Company of the State of Pennsylvania, Mechanics and Traders Insurance Company of New Orleans, and the German Fire Insur-   182 - CLEVELAND AND ITS ENVIRONS   ance Company of Pittsburg. While Mr. Kysela specializes in fire insurance, he handles a general agency and writes all the more prominent forms of insurance.   He has various other business interests in the city and is well known in business and civic circles. He is a member of the Chamber of Commerce, Cleveland Advertising Club, is independent in politics, a member of the Knights of Columbus, and with his family worships in St. Thomas' Catholic Church. On October 23, 1899, he married Mary Ellen Callahan, a native of Cleveland. Her father, John Callahan, was a Union soldier and his name is engraved on the Cleveland monument on the Public Square. For fifty years he was engaged in the livestock business, with headquarters at Cleveland. Mr. and Mrs. Kysela have three children: Francis, John and Catherine, all attending school.   EDWARD F. CARRAN. Never before in the history of the world were there so many activities specified under the head Industrial Welfare Work. Some of these are carried on as the result of new ideals and the enlightened spirit governing business in general, and many others have been brought about as a product of advanced legislation and governmental regulation. Many of the great industrial corporations and other business concerns have distinct industrial welfare departments. thus recognizing that the work performed and required demands special intelligence and training.   Cleveland is the home of a growing business which was founded and has been developed for the express purpose of supplying the facilities and the expert skill required in this industrial welfare program. This is known as the Industrial Welfare Company, of which Edward F. Carran is president. It would be difficult to describe except in general terms the scope of the company's activities. In short, it performs a service to individuals and corporations covering the general welfare field. Many companies have engaged its service to look after sanitary conditions, safety appliances and safety regulations in their plants and factories. It has a special department for the establishment and direction of company stores, and another feature of the business is handling compensation insurance and the establishment of building and loan associations. The field now covered by the company is Ohio, Michigan, Indiana and Pennsylvania, but its service is being rapidly extended all over the country. The company now has four separate suites of offices in the Rockefeller Building.   Edward F. Carran, founder and head of this business, was born in Cleveland March 9, 1883, and is a grandson of that interesting old pioneer, Robert Carran, who at the time of his death in 1914 was the oldest resident of the city. A separate sketch of his life will be found on other pages of this publication.   R. A. Carran, father of Edward F., was born at Warrensville; now a part of Cleveland, April 11, 1842. He grew up and married in this city and for fourteen years was general passenger and freight agent of the Baltimore & Ohio Railway. He has served as secretary of parks under Mayor Tom Johnson. He is now living retired at 1550 Grace Avenue in Lakewood. He is a democrat and is a charter member of Woodward Lodge, Ancient Free and Accepted Masons, the only other surviving charter member being Elroy M. Avery, the editor-in-chief of this history of Cleveland. He is also affiliated with the Royal Arch and Knights Templar branches of the York Rite and is a thirty-second degree Scottish Rite Mason. R. A. Carrell enlisted in 1861 in the First Ohio Regiment of Infantry, and saw active service until the close of the war. He fought at Shiloh, Lookout Mountain, Missionary Ridge, and started with Sherman on the march to the sea, but waS taken ill and after that was transferred back to Tennessee. R. A. Carran married Eva A. Lee. She was born at Newcastle-on-the-Tyne, in England, September 10, 1857. They became the parents of three children: Edward F.; Ethel L., wife of Paul H. Kilian, who is secretary of the Corporations Auxiliary Company in the Hudson Terminal Building at New York City; and R. C. Carran, general manager of the Industrial Welfare Company at Cleveland.   Edward F. Carran attended the Cleveland public schools and the University School, finishing his education when about seventeen years of age. His first active experience was as a reporter on the Cleveland Press. He was in the newspaper game for four years, and then took up the brokerage business and stocks and bonds. He was with that line of work ten years, and while it was rather profitable he found the business altogether too wearing upon his nervous system and gave it up in favor of a quieter routine. Going to Everett, Ohio, he put up a building and engaged in a general merchandise business there   CLEVELAND AND ITS ENVIRONS - 183 until 1914. In that year he returned to Cleveland and took up his work with the Industrial Welfare Company, of which he is president. He is also secretary and treasurer of the Perfection Asbestos Tire Company, and has several other important business interests.   Mr. Carran is independent in politics, and a member of the Episcopal Church of the Ascension. His home is at 1281 Marlow Avenue in Lakewood. On January 30, 1908, at Cleveland, Mr. Carren married Miss A. Myrtle Oakley, daughter of T. R. and Ada (Lawrence) Oakley, who are still residents of Cleveland. Her father is superintendent of the Central Lithographing Company. Mr. and Mrs. Carran have two children, Amo A., born December 5, 1910; and Edward F., Jr., born November 2, 1917.   SYLVESTER S. WEST. Not one position of service, but many, give Sylvester S. West his enviable place in Cleveland citizenship. In the words of one who knows him well, "Mr. West has been identified with the civic, business, social and Masonic interests of Cleveland since 1876." In business life he is perhaps best known as president of the Abner Royce Company.   Mr. West was born in Carroll County, Ohio, July 5, 1840. His ancestors were English people, and immigrated to America and settled in Pennsylvania soon after the close of the Revolutionary war. His father was Judge John West, long a prominent citizen in Carroll County, Ohio. Judge West was born in 1815 at York, then known as Little York, Pennsylvania. He spent his youth there, but in young manhood moved to Carrollton, Ohio, married there, and was successful both as a merchant and lawyer. For a number of terms he filled the office of probate judge and was otherwise prominent in local affairs and as a leader in the republican party. He possessed many gifts of character and intellect, was a fluent speaker, and used that talent as a lay preacher of the Methodist Episcopal Church. For a number of years he was on the official board of his church. He also belonged to the Masonic fraternity. His last years were spent retired in Ashland County, Ohio, where he died in 1880, at Perrysville. Judge West married for his first wife Rachel Newell. She was born in 1820 in Hunterdon County, New Jersey, and died in Carroll County, Ohio, in 1853. Sylvester S. was the oldest of her five children ; Thomas, the second, was a photog rapher and died in Perry County, Ohio; Henry F. became a fireman and engineer for the Pennsylvania Railway Company and died at Cleveland in 1908; Louisa died young; and Adeline married a Lutheran minister, who died in North Carolina, after which she returned to Perrysville, Ohio and died in that city. Judge West married for his second wife Isabella Beavers, who was born in Ohio and died at Perrysville. By this second marriage there were two sons : Charles, who after his education was employed in the Western Union Telegraph office at Canton, Ohio, and was drowned while skating in that city at the age of sixteen, and John N., a minister of the Methodist Episcopal Church but for the past twenty years a missionary at Budaon, India.     Sylvester S. West grew up in Carroll County, Ohio, and was educated in the common schools there. In 1861, when twenty-one years of age, he accepted the choice of the privilege which was open at the time to every patriotic young man in the United States and enlisted in the Eightieth Ohio Regiment of Infantry in Company D. His was a notable service both as to his individual efficiency and fidelity and the campaigns and battles in which he engaged. He was in the army more than three years until practically the end of the war. Altogether his record comprises thirteen battles. He was in some of the fighting in Tennessee in May, 1862, was at Iuka, Mississippi, September 19, 1862, at the siege of Corinth, October 3-4, 1862, Port Gibson, May 1, 1863, Raymond, Mississippi, May 12, 1863, Jackson, Mississippi, May 14, 1863, Champion Hills, May 16, 1863, Black River Bridge, May 18, 1863, and the entire operations, comprising forty-five days, in the siege of Vicksburg, from May 20 to July 4, 1863. These battles were followed by Lookout Mountain and Missionary Ridge, in both of which he participated, and was then in the continuous fighting of a hundred days in the campaign to Atlanta and the battle of Rasaca, October 12-13. 1864. During the months of November and December, 1864, he was with Sherman on the march to the sea. Mr. West was slightly wounded at Corinth, Mississippi. He held the rank of first lieutenant when discharged. This notable record of military service, as just given, is certified to on his discharge papers by the lieutenant-colonel commanding the Eightieth Regiment.   After the war Mr. West entered the drug business at Minerva. Stark County, Ohio, and remained there ten years. He had always had   184 - CLEVELAND AND ITS ENVIRONS   inclinations for a study and practice of medicine. Just prior to the war he had begun a course of medical reading with Dr. J: A. Stephenson in Carroll County. After he had been married ten years and had made a commendable business record he finished a scientific and medical education in Baldwin University at Berea hi 1875, receiving the degrees Ph. D. and M. B. from that institution.   After this college course Mr. West removed to Cleveland in 1876, and for the next ten years was in the retail drug business on Woodland Avenue and Central Avenue. Then followed four years in the wholesale drug business, and in 1890 he helped establish the Bruce & West Manufacturing Company. This was a business for the manufacture of flavoring extracts. Mr. West continued as its president until 1902, and then went with the Abner Royce Company, first as vice president but since 1910 as president. The plant and offices of this noteworthy Cleveland concern are at 5805 Hough Avenue. The Abner Royce Company is one of the largest concerns in the United States for the manufacture of flavoring extracts, perfumes, toilet articles, including various talcum and tooth powders, and the output comprises a complete line of toilet and other requisites found in every home. The business has been developed until the trade territory now extends from Maine to California. The goods are sold primarily by agents and the company has frequently as high as fifteen hundred persons operating in various communities. The active officers of the company are: Sylvester S. West, president; W. D. Royce, vice president; and W. H. Hyde, secretary and treasurer.   Mr. West is probably one of the most widely known Masons of Ohio. He has been a Master Mason fifty-two years, and through all that time has been a consistent member of the numerous bodies and has regarded no duty assigned him as a burden, but has performed it cheerfully, conscientiously and with a degree of precision that remains a delightful memory to thousands of his brethren. His affiliations are with Forest City Lodge, No. 388, Free and Accepted Masons, of which he is past master ; Webb Chapter, No. 14, Royal Arch Masons; Oriental Commaudery, No. 12, Knights Templar, of which he is past eminent commander ; Al Koran Temple of the Mystic Shrine; Lake Erie Consistory of the Scottish Rite. He has also attained the Supreme honor of the thirty-third degree in Scottish Rite. Mr. West was for many years a member of the official board of the Methodist Episcopal Church, and is a republican in politics. He belongs to the Cleveland Chamber of Commerce. He was one of the incorporators of the Ohio State Pharmaceutical Association, and served as its president in 1884.   Mr. West has one of the fine homes in Shaker Heights, located at 2596 Guilford Road. In 1865, at Carrollton, Ohio, he married Miss Mary M. Levy. She was born at Carrollton in 1841, and died at her home in Cleveland March 16, 1911. Her parents were J. H. and Elizabeth (Myers) Levy, her father a metal worker. Mr. West has one son, Dr. F. L. West, who lives at the family home. He was graduated with the degree of D. D. S. from Western Reserve University and for the past twenty years has had his offices as a practicing dentist in the Rose Building.   DAVID W. MILLS is secretary-treasurer of the Mills, Carleton Company, one of the largest lumber firms of the city and operating one of the largest lumber yards and plants. Mr. Mills is also president of the Windemere Savings & Loan Company, and these two positions indicate his prominence and secure prestige among the business men of the city.   Some branch of the lumber business has been carried on by his family for a long period of years. Mr. Mills was born at Marysville, Michigan, in the heart of the lumber district, on July 22, 1879. His ancestors in the paternal line came from England in colonial days and his grandfather, Hamilton Mills, was born in Canada in 1801, spent many years as a farmer at Chatham in Ontario, and finally retired from the farm and lived at Marysville, Michigan, where he died in 1881. Nelson Mills, father of David W., was born at Halifax, Nova Scotia, in 1823, and in 1827 his parents removed to Chatham, Ontario, where he grew up and from which locality he moved to Marysville, Michigan, when a young man. He spent practically all the years of his life in the lumber business. He died at Marysville in 1904. In politics he was a republican and was honored with several local offices, and was a very active member of the Methodist Episcopal Church. At Marysville. Michigan, he married Mary Williams, who was born in Algonac in that state in 1842 and died at Marysville in 1891. Their children were: John E., who was an electric railway promoter and died at Marysville, Michigan; Myron W., who has also followed railway promotion and lives at Marysville; Margaret,   CLEVELAND AND ITS ENVIRONS - 185   wife of George K. Barnes, resident of Cincinnati, Ohio, where Mr. Barnes is in the leather business; Hannah E., wife of Dr. W. B. James, a physician and surgeon at Marysville, Michigan; Emeline, wife of James R. Elliott, a real estate man at Lansing, Michigan; David W.; and Hally B., who died in girlhood.   David W. Mills was educated in the public schools of his native town, and the high school at Ann Arbor and in 1897 finished the course of the Shattuck Military Academy in Minnesota. After a thorough preparation he entered the University of Michigan, and remained to complete the classical course, being given the A. B. degree in 1901. While at Michigan University he was a member of Zeta Psi Fraternity.   The fall following his graduation from University Mr. Mills came to Cleveland and from that year to this has been steadily engaged in the lumber industry. In 1897 the lumber business of Mills, Gray, Carleton Company was established, through a consolidation of the mills of Mills, Carleton & Company and the Pack Gray Company. The present organization of The Mills, Carleton Company was adopted in 1905. The officers are: C. H. Carleton, president; E. M. Carleton, vice president; David W. Mills, secretary and treasurer. The offices and the yards are at 1886 Carter Road. The yards occupy eight acres and there is probably no firm in Cleveland that handles a larger aggregate of lumber than this.   While most of his time is given to the lumber business Mr. Mills deserves much credit for building up the Windcmere Savings & Loan Company, of which he is president. He is a member of the Chamber of Commerce, Cleveland Athletic Club, Union Club, University Club, Shaker Heights Country Club, is a member of the Presbyterian Church and is a republican voter. His home is at 2046 East Ninety-sixth Street. On January 14, 1909, Mr. Mills married at Detroit, Michigan, Miss Maud Merrell, daughter of E. G. and Helen (Hoyt) Merrell, the latter now deceased. Her father is in the insurance business in Cleveland. Mr. and Mrs. Mills have one child, Nelson, born February 3, 1910.   GEORGE DANA ADAMS, manufacturer, president of the Cleveland-Akron Bag Company, is a member of one of the oldest and most prominent families historically in the Ohio Western Reserve.   George Dana Adams was born at Warren, Ohio, February 17, 1863, son of George and Elizabeth (Dana) Adams. He was educated in the public schools of his native city, and his business career began in 1879, when only sixteen years old. He was with the firm of E. I. Baldwin & Company until 1884, then with Cobb, Andrews & Company until 1886, when Adams, Jewett & Company was organized. He was a factor in this business until 1895, when he helped organize the Cleveland-Akron Bag Company, of which he became president and treasurer. This company manufactures bags of all kinds and materials, burlaps, papers, etc. The main office of the business is in Cleveland, with three branch plants in the city in addition to the main plant at Fortieth Street and Perkins Avenue. Other auxiliary corporations are the Buffalo Bag Company of Buffalo, New York, the Chicago-Detroit Bag Company of Goshen, Indiana, and the Boston Mills of Boston, Ohio.   Mr. Adams is also a director of the Central National Bank. He is a member of the Union Club, Country Club, Cleveland Athletic Club, Cleveland Chamber of Commerce, Cleveland Automobile Club, and in Masonry is affiliated with Tyrian Lodge No. 370 Free and Accepted Masons, Cleveland Chapter, Royal Arch Masons, Cleveland Council, Royal and Select Masters, Holyrood Commandery, Knights Templars, Lake Erie Consistory of the Scottish Rite and Al Koran Temple of the Mystic Shrine.   Mr. Adams was married July 22, 1916, to Miss Pearl Bittle, by whom two children have been born, Ruth and Jeanne. By a previous marriage to Grace Field, there is one daughter Margaret, who married Eduard Schmidt, and they have two children, Elizabeth and Dana.   ASAEL ADAMS, JR. One of Cleveland's most historic families is that of Adams, which entered the Western Reserve more than a century ago. Asael Adams, Sr., was born at Canterbury, Connecticut, September 13, 1754, and served as a soldier in the Revolutionary war. In 1800 he came from Connecticut to Trumbull County, Ohio, and was a member of the Connecticut Land Company. He was one of the original stockholders of the Western Reserve Bank in 1812.   The City of Cleveland is especially interested in Asael Adams, Jr., who was born in Canterbury, Connecticut, in July, 1786, and was fourteen years old when he came to Trum-   186 - CLEVELAND AND ITS ENVIRONS   bull County, Ohio. Another member of that pioneer party was his brother-in-law, Camden Cleaveland, brother of Moses Cleaveland, founder of the city. At the age of eighteen, in November, 1804, Asael Adams, Jr„ opened a private school at Hubbard, Ohio. The next year he taught a school in Cleveland, one of the first efforts at education in this city. The patrons of the school were Samuel Huntington, James Kingsbury, W. W. Williams, George Kilbourne, Susanna Hammil, Elijah Gunn and David Kellogg. In the school were four of the Huntington 'children, three of the Kilbournes and four from the Williams family. The new school master in October, 1806, entered into the following agreement with the patrons: "Articles of Agreement made and entered into between Asael Adams on the one part and the undersigned on the other, Witnesseth, that we, the undersigned, do here agree to hire the said Adams for the sum of ten dollars a mouth to be paid in money or wheat at the market price whenever it may be that the school doth end, and to make said house comfortable for the school to be taught in and to furnish benches and firewood sufficient. And I, the said Adams, do agree to teach six hours in each day to keep good order in said school."   In this rude log structure the young Yankee school-master imparted the rudiments to his little flock, kept order, and thus made himself a factor in the settlement's development. It is probable that the schoolhouse on Superior Street hill was built after the prevailing fashion of the time, containing a rough stone chimney, with openings in the wall to admit the light through greased paper, with a big fireplace, a puncheon floor and a few benches of split logs. It would not have been a school. house of the pioneer type without a serviceable birch rod over the master's chair.   For two years during the War of 1812 Asael Adams, Jr., had a contract with the United States Government to carry the mail on horseback between Cleveland and Pittsburg, and many interesting stories have been told of his work as a pioneer mail carrier. He was a young man of twenty-six at the time. The route covered by him was a long and lonely road, and was supposedly dangerous. He left Cleveland every Monday at two P. M. and arrived at Canfield on Wednesday at six P. M. He reached Pittsburg on Thursday at six P. M. Returning he left Pittsburg on Friday at six A. M., arriving at six A. M. Monday. The carrier received a salary from the postoffice department of seven hundred and forty-four dollars, and considering the conditions of his work he was certainly not overpaid. The roads were very bad at times, the country was infested with bears and wolves, there were no bridges over the streams, and in high water the carrier would fasten the mail bag around his shoulders and swim the horse through, often being wet to the akin and with no house for shelter within several miles.   It was during one of his trips as a mail carrier that Mr. Adams met the daughter of the postmaster at Canfield. Her name was Miss Lucy Mygatt. They were happily married in 1814.   From 1813 until his death in 1852 Asael Adams, Jr., was a prosperous merchant at Warren, Ohio, and was a member of the first town council there in 1834. Several grandsons of this pioneer Cleveland educator received prominence. The only representative of the family still living in Cleveland is George Dana Adams, president of the Cleveland-Akron Bag Company. Another grandson is Asael E. Adams, president of one of the big banks of Youngstown, while Comfort A. Adams became a professor of electrical engineering at Harvard University.   WILLIAM B. GREENE, secretary, treasurer and general manager of the Palmers-DeMooy Foundry Company, is descended from a branch of the Scotch family of Greenes who settled in Maryland in colonial times. This very able Cleveland business man was recruited from a branch of the family that was established in early pioneer times at Lisbon or as then known as New Lisbon in Columbiana County. The founder of the Ohio family was Holland Greene, grandfather of William B. Greene. Holland Greene was born in Maryland in 1784, and when Northeastern Ohio was little more than a howling wilderness he traversed the difficult highways into that region and established a general store at Lisbon. That was long before railroads or canals were constructed, and his goods were brought from eastern markets by pack trains. He was a good business man and worthy citizen of the Lisbon community until his death in 1866. He was a member of the Quaker faith, and that has been the religion of the family in the subsequent generations.   His son Lycurgis H. Greene was born at Lisbon, Ohio, in 1828. He spent his life there, and was a quiet and industrious business man, operating a planing mill and a lumber plant. He died at Lisbon in 1914,   CLEVELAND AND ITS ENVIRONS - 187 at the age of eighty-six. He was a republican, and was always true to the faith of his birth and early training. In 1864 he enlisted and served with a hundred days regiment in the Civil war. Lycurgis H., Greene married Annie Eliza Briggs, who was born at Lisbon in January, 1832, and is still living in the old home community at the advanced age of eighty-six. She and her husband had three children : Julia, living at Lisbon, widow of William Lodge, a farmer ; Louis, who died at the age of eleven years; and William B.   William B. Greene was born at what was then known as New Lisbon, Ohio, August 7, 1862. His early education was acquired in the common schools and high school of Lisbon, but at the age of sixteen he left school to make his own way in the world. While Mr. Greene has been in active touch with business affairs for forty years he has really filled only three positions. For eleven years after leaving school he was connected with the Potters National Bank at East Liverpool. East Liverpool is the greatest center in the Middle Vest for the manufacture of pottery and Mr. Greene's connection with the Potters National Bank caused him after resigning his position to engage in the pottery business for himself at Latonia, Ohio. He was there five years, and then in 1896 came to Cleveland, where he has been continuously with the Palmers-DeMooy Foundry Company, At the beginning he had charge of the selling organization of the company, but is now the active and responsible head of the entire business, being its secretary, treasurer and general manager. The foundry and offices are at the corner of Winter and Leonard streets. The officers are: William DeMooy. president; D. Leuty, vice president; and Mr. Greene, secretary. treasurer and general manager. This is one of the oldest foundries at Cleveland and for years has had an exclusive specialty of manufacturing light castings for the jobbing trade. Its products are distributed all over the United States.   Mr. Greene is also president and treasurer of the Adapti Company, is director of the Loomis Seilaff Company, and is vice president of the Ohio Electric and Controller Company.   A mature and substantial business man Mr. Greene has entered enthusiastically into the work of upholding the hands of the Government in the present great war. He is a member of the Red Cross Committee of the Cleveland Athletic Club, and has been ready in his response to other war causes. Besides the Cleveland Athletic Club Mr. Greene is a member of the Cleveland Chamber of Commerce, Rotary Club, Automobile Club, and Shaker Heights Country Club. He is a member of the Friends Church and in politics a republican.   Mr. Greene and family reside at 13545 Euclid Avenue. He married at East Liverpool, Ohio, in 1884 Miss Belle Brunt, daughter of William and Adelaide (Hill) Brunt. Her mother is still living in East Liverpool. Her father, deceased, was in the pottery business and during the Civil war served as captain of a company in the Union Army. Mr. and Mrs. Greene have one child, Edna B.   ELMER E. TEARE. One of the large and successful firms engaged in the lumber business at Cleveland is the partnership of Potter, Teare & Company, whose plant is at 1918 Carter Road. Mr. Teare of this firm has been steadily identified with the lumber business at Cleveland nearly forty years. During all that time his associations have been practically with one firm. The yard which he entered on Carter Street in the capacity of an office boy was owned by Potter, Birdsall & Company, of which the present firm is the successor.   Mr. Teare was born in Warrensville, Ohio, December 18, 1861. His father, John C. Teare, was born on the Isle of Man in 1809, and came to the United States when a young man. He married at Cleveland, where for several years he followed the trade of carpenter and builder, afterwards moved to a farm at Warrensville and was busied with the quiet interests of his farm and rural life until his death in 1872. He was a republican voter and generous supporter of the work of his church, the Methodist. He married Catherine Shimmin, who was born on the Isle of Man in 1820 and died at Cleveland iu 1913. Her children were: John C., a farmer at Warrensville; William H., who for a number of years was associated with his brother Elmer in the lumber business and died at Cleveland at the age of sixty-one; Robert T.. a railroad engineer living at Collinwood, Ohio. who died at the age of fifty-five: George W., who died at Warrensville aged twenty-one ; Eliza .1.. wife of Thomas R. Teare, a retired manufacturer of Cleveland ; Allen S.. who died at. Warrensville at the age of fourteen; and Elmer E.   Elmer E. Teare acquired his early educa-   188 - CLEVELAND AND ITS ENVIRONS   tion in the public schools of Warrensville and Bedford, Ohio, graduating from the high school of the latter town in 1879. It was soon afterward that he came to Cleveland and entered the service of Potter, Birdsall & Company at their lumber yard on Carter Street. His first work was as office boy. He rapidly absorbed the complicated technique of the lumber trade terminology and of all other details of the business and in 1892 became a member of the newly organized firm of Potter, Teare & Company. Ile and F. P. Potter are now the active men in the business.   Mr. Teare is a member of the Cleveland Chamber of Commerce, the Mayfield Country Club, Shaker Lakes Club, Cleveland Athletic Club, Hermit Club, and Automobile Club. He votes as a republican and is a trustee of the Methodist Church.   He and his family reside at 1884 Roxbury Road in East Cleveland, where he built his home in 1906. He married at Cleveland in 1887 Miss Mary Louise Jackson, daughter of Samuel B. and Sarah (Jackson) Jackson. Her parents are both now deceased. Her father was a railroad man and for a number of years was paymaster for the Big Four. Mr. and Mrs. Teare have three children : Halsey Jackson, who is a graduate of Culver Military Academy and is in business with his father; Catherine Louise, a graduate of the Hathaway-Brown School of Cleveland, finishing her education at Dana Hall at Wellesley, Massachusetts, and is now the wife of Ralph G. Browne, who is in the oil business at Cleveland; and George William, member of the senior class of the Cleveland University School.   JAMES B. MCCREA. For half a century the name of McCrea has been prominent in the meat packing and general provision business at Cleveland. James B. McCrea entered that industry during his early youth, following thereby in the footsteps of his father and grandfather, and is now president of the American Meat Packers Association and is also president of the Ohio Provision Company, one of the largest wholesale establishments of its kind in Cleveland.   The McCreas before coming to America lived at Artclay in County Tyrone, Ireland, and prior to that they were Scotch Highlanders. James B. McCrea's great-grandfather and grandfather were both named James and both of them came in early times to America and settled at Ithaca, New York, where they were engaged in the meat business. Both these forefathers died at Ithaca.   The late Alexander McCrea, father of James B., was born at Ithaca, New York, October 15, 1844, and was reared and educated there and gained his first knowledge of the meat and provision business under his father, In 1866, about the time he attained his majority, he came to Cleveland and entered the wholesale meat busines with the old established firm of C. J. Comstock. Later this was changed to Comstock, McCrea & Company and finally developed into the Ohio Provision Company, which was incorporated under that title September 19, 1895. Alexander McCrea moved the old plant from the river side to West Sixty-First Street and the Big Four Railway tracks, where the establishment is located today. Alexander McCrea was president of the company until his death, which occurred in Cleveland June 23, 1915. For nearly half a century he was an honored resident of Cleveland and a man who commanded the esteem and respect of a large community of citizens. He was an independent in politics.   Alexander McCrea married Elsetta C. Irvine, who was born at Lockhaven, Pennsylvania, in 1852 and is still living in Cleveland. She was the mother of three children : James B., Fay, wife of J. A. Gilchrist, living at Parma Heights in Cleveland ; and Elizabeth, at home with her mother.   James B. McCrea was horn at Cleveland February 26, 1875, and at the age of eighteen he left the public school to learn his father's business in the Ohio Provision Company. That industry has been his business home ever since, and with growing experience and qualifications he was well fitted to succeed his father as president of the corporation. The secretary and treasurer of the Ohio Provision Company is E. L. Schneider. Mr. McCrea has a number of other business relationships, being a director of the Bletcher Manufacturing Company, of the Clark Avenue Savings Bank, the Cleveland Cooperage Company, the Marion Stock Yards Company. His prominence in the packing industry is indicated by his presidency of the American Meat Packers Association.   Mr. McCrea is an independent voter and is affiliated with Ellsworth Lodge, Free and Accepted Masons, the Cleveland Athletic Club and the Clifton Club. He and his family have their home with his mother at 3022 West Fourteenth Street. In September, 1901,   CLEVELAND AND ITS ENVIRONS - 189   in Cleveland, Mr. McCrea married Miss Caroline Carpenter, daughter of Judge A. G. and Alice (Boyd) Carpenter. Judge Carpenter has had a long and notable career in the Ohio bar and is now a judge of the Appellate Court of the state. Mr. and Mrs. McCrea have three children : Ruth C., born August 25, 1902; Alexander, born August 29, 1905; and James B., Jr., born February 15, 1910.   WILLIAM W. TAYLOR is president and general manager of The Taylor Machine Company at 7804 Carnegie Avenue. This business was established January 1, 1907, by Mr. Taylor and for ten years was conducted under his name. In 1917 it was incorporated as the Taylor Machine Company under the laws of Ohio.   This is one of the important industries of Cleveland, and manufactures lathes, multiple spindle drill presses, priming cups and also does general jobbing in a kindred line of products. The market is all over the United States, and during 1917 the firm shipped $50,000 worth of goods to England and also large amounts to France. It is an industry that employs the services of ninety persons. Mr. Taylor is president and general manager; P. D. Crane is vice president ; and R. T. Maskell is secretary and treasurer.   William W. Taylor was born at New Straitsville, Ohio, August 8, 1879. His father, Thomas Taylor, was born in County Durham, England, in 1841, and came to America and settled at New Straitaville in 1866. For many years he was in the coal business but is now living retired at New Straitsville. He has done much in a public way in his community, having served on the Board of Education and in connection with other local movements. He is active in the Methodist Episcopal Church and for many years has been affiliated with the Independent Order of Odd Fellows. Thomas Taylor married Esther Hilton, who was born in Kentucky in 1854. Their children are William W.; Henry, in the mining business at Straitsville, Ohio; and Elizabeth, who died unmarried at the age of twenty-three.   William W. Taylor, who was educated in the public schools of New Straitsville, came to Cleveland March 25, 1898. Here while serving his time and learning the trade of machinist he attended night school for four years, specializing in mechanical studies. He then engaged in his present business and in ten years has built up his company to rank among the prominent industries in the city. Mr. Taylor is a member of the Trinity Congregational Church, and is affiliated with Brenton D. Babcock Lodge, Ancient Free and Accepted Masons, Mount Oliver Chapter, Royal Arch Masons, Woodward Council, Royal and Select Masters, Holyrood Cornmandery, Knights Templar, and is a member of the Cleveland Automobile Club and Cleveland Credit Men's Association.   Mr. Taylor owns real estate in Cleveland and resides at 2314 East Eighty-fifth Street. He married at Cleveland August 9, 1904, Miss Mary Beerer, daughter of Joseph and Annie (Bailey) Beerer, both now deceased. They have two children : Ralph, born February 21, 1906; and Mildred, born November 21, 1911.   R. T. MASKELL, is secretary and treasurer of the Taylor Machine Company, a Cleveland industry that supplies an important line of machine products to the general trade and by its extensive shipments abroad has a standing as a war industry.   Mr. Maskell was born in Cleveland January 31, 1890. The Maskell family have lived in Cleveland for many years, having been established here by his grandfather, who was a farmer. Grandfather Maskell met an accidental death. George W. Maskell, father of R. T. Maskell, was born at Cleveland in 1853, and has spent his life in this city. When a boy of twelve years he trailed the funeral train of Lincoln from Cleveland to Elyria, Ohio. For forty-seven years he has been identified with the Cleveland Gas Light and Coke Company, now the East Ohio Gag Company. He was formerly general superintendent of its street divisions and is now an inspector. He has the interesting distinction of having lighted the first gas lamps ever put into commission on the streets of Cleveland. He is a republican and a member of the Independent Order of Odd Fellows. George W. Maskell and family reside at 17434 Shaw Avenue in Lakewood. He married Mary E. Miller, who was born at Solon, Ohio, in 1853. Their children are: A. R., who is manager of the Maskell-George Company and also its president and lives on Lauderdale Avenue in Lakewood; Elsie is the wife of A. J. Luenberger, living at 7430 Spafford Road, Mr. Luenberger being a mechanic with the McMyler Interstate Company; Vernon G. is a steamfitter and lives with his parents; and R. T. Maskell is the youngest of the family.   190 - CLEVELAND AND ITS ENVIRONS   R. T. Maskell left school at the age of fifteen to go to work for the Strong, Carlisle and Hammond Company. Three years later he became assistant buyer for the Ferro Machine & Foundry Company, and was with that organization also three years. For four years Mr. Maskell was salesman for the Lake Erie Builders Supply Company, and in 1915 joined the Taylor Machine Company, of which he is secretary and treasurer.   His home is at 7505 Osage Avenue in Cleveland. Mr. Maskell is a republican, a member of the Protective Home Circle and is rapidly achieving an honored place in Cleveland business affairs. He married at Cleveland February 24, 1910, Miss Dorothy M. Kaufman, daughter of J. C. and Mary (Cox) Kaufman. Her mother is now deceased, Her father, who lives with Mr. and Mrs. Maskell, is a lieutenant in the Cleveland City Fire Department. Mr. and Mrs. Maskell have one' child, Kenneth George, born July 21, 1911.   MORRIS ALFRED BLACK. This is a name that has a number of prominent associations in the minds of most Cleveland people. Mr. Black since 1903 has been president of the H. Black Company, manufacturers of the famous' "Wooltex" coats and suits. This business, founded in 1883 by his father, Mr. Herman Black, is one of the largest coat and suit manufacturing firms in the world. They have an immense plant at Superior Avenue, Northeast, extending from Nineteenth Street to Twenty-first Street, where upwards of 1,000 employes are on the pay roll. The output of the firm has a national reputation, being best known, perhaps, under the internationally known trade name of "Wooltex." This organization has been the pioneer in building an industry which at first had no rivals, for they were the originators of the policy of using only perfectly pure fabrics, and were in complete possession of an entirely new field. After the processes had been perfected to assure quality, a long continued advertising campaign served to make "Wooltex" a household word throughout America, at least. The H. Black Company in many other ways has been regarded as the most advanced institution of its kind, and has ever kept in the vanguard of progress by its methods of manufacture and the efficiency of its output and the welfare of its personnel.   To civic workers generally Mr. Black is perhaps hest known by his long and influential connections with the Civic League of Cleve land. This league, with one exception the oldest of its kind in the United States, for over twenty years has been the principal instrument at Cleveland for educating and influencing the voters in the selection of good men for municipal offices and keeping in touch with the personal records and the administration of public officials after election. However, it is unnecessary at this point to refer to the accomplishments and to the work of the league. Its powers of administration have always been centered in the executive board, The longest continuous service on the board has been that of Mr. Morris A. Black, who became a member in 1905, and is its present chairman.   Mr. Black, a native of Toledo, was born May 31, 1868, a son of Herman and Eva (Judd) Black. Herman Black, who was born in Hungary in 1838, was a cousin of that veteran Cleveland business man, Col. Louis Black, who with his parents came to Cleveland in 1854. The Blacks were the pioneer Hungarian family in Cleveland. Herman Black came to America within 1854. The chief causes that brought the Blacks to America was dissatisfaction with political and governmental conditions in Hungary. Herman Black became a citizen of the United States in 1859, on reaching his majority, and established his permanent home in Cleveland in 1882. The following year he established the business of the H. Black Company and was active in its management until his death in 1896. His wife, Eva Judd Black, was born at Crakow, Poland, in 1842, and came to America in 1862. She married Herman Black the following year. She died in 1902, the mother of three children: Morris A.; Jennie, wife of Isaac Joseph; and Cora, Mrs. Fred Joseph.   Morris A. Black was educated in the public schools of Cleveland and of Toledo, and was graduated in the collegiate course from Harvard University in 1890. During 1914 he was president of the Harvard Club of Cleveland. For over a quarter of a century he has been a figure in the business life of this city. An employer of many men and women, he has kept his policies as a business administrator in the vanguard of progressive movements, and always adequate to meet new needs and conditions.   The company of which Mr. Black is president built one of the first factories especially designed for the occupancy of the business which it contains. This factory was designed   CLEVELAND AND ITS ENVIRONS - 191   not only as an efficient manufacturing machine but also as a welcome addition to the attractiveness of the city and a pleasing work-shop for the workers. The idea being that a factory must do much more than merely be an efficient money making machine for its owners but must be also a very pleasing and healthful work-shop for its employees and an attractive and creditable addition to the city in which it is contained. A very minor instance of this attitude occurred a year or so ago, when, in response to the request of the street railway commissioners, the closing hour of this large factory was set ahead fifteen minutes, in order that the employes might avoid the congested conditions of traffic at the usual closing hour and do something thereby to relieve that congestion.   Manufacturers are on the whole practical and very hard-headed and common-sense business men. One of the most complete testimonies, therefore, as to the model character of the Wooltex institution at Cleveland is the fact that its methods have been widely copied by European manufacturers as well as American ones, and it has been demonstrated that these methods have brought larger and better results than those previously employed.   Mr. Black served in 1913 as president of the Cleveland Chamber of Commerce, and since that year has been chairman of the city plan committee of the chamber, and is one of the five citizens composing the City Plan Commission. It is among his associates and coworkers on these various organizations that Mr. Black's public spirit and enterprise are best appreciated.   He is a member of the Oakwood Club, of which he was president in its earlier years. Member of the Excelsior Club of Cleveland, and has been prominent in war work. He was captain of team No. 20 of the men who carried on the campaign for the $6,000,000 Victory Fund of Cleveland, and the success of the Cleveland "War Chest" plan, which realized a fund of $11,000,000, is now a matter of history and was made the subject of enthusiastic news dispatches from coast to coast during the early summer of 1918.   March 21, 1899, Mr. Black married Miss Lenore Ella Schwab, of St. Louis, Missouri.   EDMOND GRIEVE is a Cleveland citizen and business man whose career has brought him in touch with many of the interesting phases of the developing transportation system of the United States. He is an old time railway   Vol. III-13   accountant and some of his earlier service was with southwestern railroad lines at the time they were getting organized and during construction periods. For a number of years now Mr. Grieve has been identified with the Adams Bag Company, of which he is auditor, assistant treasurer and director.   Mr. Grieve was born in Zanesville, Ohio, was educated in the public schools of that city. St. Mary's Institute at Dayton, where he graduated, and pursued a thorough special training in accounting with the Bryant & Stratton Commercial College at Zanesville. His first regular employment was with Bloch & Company, printers and publishers of Cincinnati. He took up railway accounting in 1870, when he went to Texas and became assistant auditor for the old International & Great Northern Railway, which at that time was acquiring its first properties and was entering upon a campaign of extensive building from the northeastern corner into the interior of that great state. When Mr. Grieve went into Texas there were only about seven hundred miles of railroad in the state. From 1870 to 1872 his headquarters were at Hearne, Texas, and after that he was transferred to Houston. In 1875 he came back to the Middle West and was with the Ohio & Mississippi Railway, now the Baltimore & Ohio Southwestern, also as assistant auditor. his headquarters at the beginning were, in St. Louis, and after 1879 in Cincinnati. Mr. Grieve left that position in 1882 and came to Cleveland to take up work with what was then and still is one of the best railroads in the country, the Lake Shore & Michigan Southern. He was general accountant in the Cleveland offices of this road until 1891. Mr. Grieve then joined his fortunes with another road that was building and developing through the southwestern country, the St. Louis Southwestern, better known as the Cotton Belt. He was their general accountant in the offices at Tyler, Texas, and later at St. Louis, Missouri. After leaving the Cotton Belt Mr. Grieve worked with the Pressed Steel Car Company at Pittsburg as auditor, but in 1904 returned to Cleveland and became auditor of The Adams Bag Company.   The Adams Bag Company had its business offices at 1900 Euclid Avenue, while its plant is located at Chagrin Falls. It is one of the oldest industries of the kind in the Middle West. The plant has been in operation at Chagrin Falls for sixty years, and the com-   192 - CLEVELAND AND ITS ENVIRONS   pany has always taken pride in the high quality of its products. This firm manufactures the best Manila bags in the United States. Its market extends all over the country. The head of the company is Mr. Walter H. Cottingham, who is also president of the Sherwin-Williams Company, the vice president is Edward Bingham Allen, the secretary and sales manager is H. G. Dumont, the treasurer, Kenneth Leland Allen, while Mr. Grieve handles the responsibilities of auditor and assistant treasurer.   Mr. Grieve is a republican in politics. He is a deacon in the Euclid Avenue Congregational Church. In 1908 he built his modern home at 2253 East Eighty-second Street. Mr. Grieve married in 1888, at Cleveland, Miss Sarah M. Lampson, daughter of Irving and Eliza (Pulsifer) Lampson, both now deceased. Her father was at one time a merchant at Chagrin Falls.   WILLIAM R. THOMAS. It is possible to read between the lines of the successive steps, incidents and promotions in the career of 'William R. Thomas and perceive that he has from the time he left an Ohio farm been keenly appreciative of opportunity, diligent and aggressive in seeking the next better thing, and striving constantly to improve his own conditions and make his possibilities of service and usefulness the greater to the community. Mr. Thomas is now an official and general superintendent of the Lincoln Fire Proof Storage Company at 5700 Euclid Avenue, the most perfected and largest organization of its kind in the State of Ohio.   He was born on a farm at Palmyra, Ohio, May 11, 1874, son of John H. and Elizabeth (Davis) Thomas. Both his grandfathers came from Wales. His grandfather Thomas was one of the early farmers of Portage County, Ohio. His grandfather John Davis was born in Wales in 1822, and spent many years of his useful life as a farmer at Palmyra, where he died in 1902. John H. Thomas was born in Portage County, Ohio, in 1834, and has lived in the community around Palmyra all his years and is now retired there, aged eighty-four. His life has been quietly spent as a farmer and he was a very successful one. He has been a republican in politics from the time of the organization of the party and has done much to support and keep up the activities of the Methodist Episcopal Church. His wife, Elizabeth Davis, was born at Palmyra in 1848 and died there in 1888, aged forty. Her children were: John J., a farmer at Palmyra; Henry, also a farmer in the same locality; Christina, wife of John Jenkins, superintendent of a coal mine and living at Deerfield, Ohio; Margaret, who died unmarried in January, 1918; Hannah, who is un-• married and lives with her father; and 'William R., the youngest.   William R. Thomas was educated in the rural schools of Portage County, gaining the equivalent of a high school education. His life to the age of twenty-one was spent on his father's farm and in a distinctively rural environment. He also had some experience as an independent farmer, but soon left that to become a railroad man, and his railroad service constituted his main business until a few years ago. For four months he was an apprentice telegrapher with what is now the Lake Erie and Western, and in 1897 went to work for the Pennsylvania Road at Woodland Avenue in Cleveland under E. T. Lewis, agent. For a year he was Union Line bill clerk at the Woodland Avenue freight station, being then transferred to the Cleveland pier station, where he remained eight years, filling all clerical positions, including cashier and chief clerk. For a year and a half he was back at the Woodland Avenue station as chief clerk and on January 1, 1910, went to the Euclid Avenue station and was freight agent there until May, 1913. He again returned to the Woodland Avenue station as freight agent, and was promoted to receive higher pay.   On January 1, 1914, the Lincoln Moving Company was formed, and seeing in this a bigger and more permanent business career Mr. Thomas joined the organization as assistant general manager. In September, 1914, he was promoted to general manager. In April, 1915, the Lincoln Motor Company and the Fire Proof Storage Company were consolidated as the Lincoln Fire Proof Storage Company. Mr. Thomas became a member of the new firm and at first was given charge of the warehouse at 7724 Detroit Avenue as superintendent, but in September, 1915, went to the main plant at 5700 Euclid Avenue as general superintendent over all departments. He is also a director and second vice president of the company.   Mr. Thomas has also looked after some other business affairs and has constructed seven dwelling houses in Lakewood, all of which have been sold except one. He is. a member of the West Side Chamber of Industry, is   CLEVELAND AND ITS ENVIRONS - 193   affiliated with the Foresters of America and is a republican in politics. His home is at 14322 Detroit Avenue. In December, 1904, at Pittsburg, Pennsylvania, he married Miss Olive Bates, daughter of Mr. and Mrs. Edward Bates, who are living retired at Rocky River, Ohio.   W. F. MUTH, secretary of the National Bronze & Aluminum Foundry Company, is a native of Cleveland, and is one of its younger men in business affairs. His ability and hard work have already brought him to a position where his future success seems assured.   Mr. Muth was born here December 15, 1888, a son of William and Catherine (Becker) Muth. His father, who was born in Germany in 1844, has lived at Cleveland more than half a century, coming to the Ciiited States in 1867. He was reared and married in the old country and in Cleveland has been a dry goods merchant on the West Side for a great many years. He resides at 6540 Lorain Avenue. He is a democrat and a member of St. Stephen's Catholic Church and belongs to a number of fraternal organizations. His wife was born in Germany in 1853, and died at Cleveland in 1915. Of their four children W. F. Muth is the youngest. Margaret was sister of the Ursuline Convent and died at the age of twenty-five.   W. F. Muth received his early education in a private boarding school at Cleveland. He also attended St. Ignatius College through the junior year, leaving college in 1907, after which he specialized in accounting in the Spencerian Business College. His first position, taken in 1908, was with the National 13ronze & Aluminum Foundry Company as accountant, and his special training in that work with the comprehensive knowledge of business details which experience has brought him have promoted him to secretary of the company. The plant and offices of this well known Cleveland industry are at 2539 East Seventy-ninth Street.   Mr. Muth is a democrat, a member of the Catholic Church and is affiliated with Gilmore Council of the Knights of Columbus. He owns his home at 3040 Edgehill Road. At Cleveland in 1913 he married Miss Caroline Amersbach, daughter of Andrew and Caroline (Gerters) Amersbach. Her parents live in Cleveland, where her father is an excavating contractor. Mr. and Mrs. Muth have two sons: William Andrew, born January 19, 1914; and Robert Francis, born March 10, 1917.   ALBERT R. TEACHOUT. One of the communities around Cleveland that most clearly exemplified and represented the character and ideals of the old Connecticut and the New England spirit is North Royalton in Cuyahoga County. In pioneer days it was a typically New England community where men and women closely adhered to the fundamental rules of conduct that made New England the source of some of the most vital forces that have entered into our national life. Many prominent and noble men and women have come from North Royalton, and one of the families originating there who have had much to do with Cleveland's industrial and civic life is that of Teachout. In the present generation this family is represented by Albert R. Teachout, who has become the active executive head of the great business established by his father many years ago as a lumberman and building supply merchant. The business is now known as the A. Teachout Company, of which Albert R. is president.   The founder of the family at North Royalton was Abraham Teachout, who was born in New York state in 1782. He was reared and married in that state, and along in the '20s came to North Royalton with his family. Besides managing a farm he also conducted a country store. He died at Liverpool, Ohio, in 1857. The ancestors of the Teachout family originally lived in Holland, and it was the father of Abraham. Teachout who, with two other brothers, came to this country. Abraham Teachout married Miss Troop, also a native of New York state.   Abraham Teachout, Jr., who was born in New York state in 1818, was a small boy when brought to North Royalton, where he was reared and educated. In 1841 he removed to Cleveland, and began his business career on the Ohio Canal, owning a boat and acquiring the title of captain. He operated this boat between Cleveland and Portsmouth, Ohio. Later he gave up transportation work, returned to North Royalton and married, and then established a sawmill in that community. He entered this business at the solicitation of citizens in that locality and conducted his mill for many years. He also operated a country store and became a man of much local prominence. He was an ardent prohibitionist at a time when   194 - CLEVELAND AND ITS ENVIRONS   the practice of that doctrine was by no means so easy as at the present time. The historian of the family states that Abraham Teachout was the first man in North Royalton to substitute hot coffee and fried cakes for whiskey at the raising of a building. Those familiar with pioneer customs need not be told that whiskey was considered an almost indispensable part of the ration given to men who participated in such work. In 1853 Abraham Teach-out moved to Madison, Ohio, and operated a grist mill, and for about ten years was proprietor of a similar mill at Painesville, Ohio. In 1873 he returned to Cleveland and established the business which is still conducted under his name, including a saw and planing mill and general supply plant for all classes of lumber material. For some years the business was conducted as A. Teachout & Son, and later was incorporated under the present title of the A. Teachout Company.   This business, the largest of its kind in Ohio, has its headquarters at 321-331 West Prospect Avenue. Other plants are located in different parts of Cleveland and also in Columbus. The firm does a jobbing business in doors, sash and other mill work, glass and lumber, and its market extends over several states. The officers of the company at the present time are: A. R. Teachout, president; D. W. Teachout, vice president and treasurer; and D. T. Jackson, secretary.   The late Abraham Teachout, who died in Cleveland in 1913, was a prominent member of the Church of Christ or Disciples, and at Cleveland was for many years elder in the Franklin Circle Church. Abraham Teachout was three times married and his only child is Albert R. Albert R.'s mother was Julia Ann Tousley, who was born in Vermont in 1818 and died at Cleveland in 1878.   Albert R. Teachout was educated in public schools at Painesville, Ohio, attended Hiram College, and on leaving college in 1870 had a general business experience as a merchant at Painesville, Cleveland and Columbus, and also had mercantile interests at Pittsburgh, New York and Philadelphia. At the death of his father he succeeded to the presidency of the A. Teachout Company, and is also active head of its various affiliated concerns, being president of the Teachout Sash, Door, & Glass Company of Columbus; president of the Euclid Avenue Lumber Company ; Broadway Lumber Company ; Edgewater Lumber Company; Brooklyn Lumber Company and Clifton Park Lumber Company, and director in several other lumber firms in Cleveland. He is one of the prominent officials of the Central National Bank, of which he is director and member of the Executive Committee. Mr. Teachout is also a trustee of Hiram College, is an elder in the Franklin Circle Church of Christ, a trustee of the Ohio Christian Missionary Society, and has been treasurer of its trust fund for over thirty years. He is a member of the Cleveland Chamber of Commerce.   His home is at 1605 East One Hundred and Fifteenth Street. He is also one of the Cleveland men who have country residences at Gates Mill. This summer home of the Teachout family is known as Forest Villa. In 1873, at Bridgeport, Connecticut, Mr. Teachout married Miss Sarah A. Parmly, who was born at Perry in Lake County, Ohio. She died at Gates Mill in 1912. In 1914 at Cleveland, Mr. A. R. Teachout married Miss Minevieve B. O'Connor, a native of Cleveland. Three children were born to the first marriage: Kate P., a graduate of Hiram College, is now deceased. She married Rev. W. F. Rothenburger, a minister of the Church of the Disciples. Albert R., Jr., is a resident of Tacoma, Washington, David W., who resides at Euclid Heights, is a graduate of Hiram College and received his A. B. degree from Harvard University. Early in 1918 he became general camp secretary of the Y. M. C. A. in the war work of that organization at Camp Sherman, Chillicothe, Ohio, where he continued for several months until called to that highly responsible position of general secretary in national Y. M. C. A. work in connection with the United States army.   HON. HERMAN C. BAEHR. Most Cleveland people no doubt associate this name most prominently with the highly creditable term Mr. Baehr served as mayor, but his political prominence by no means obscures the fact of his long and valuable participation in business as well as public life.   Mr. Baehr has been a resident of Cleveland practically all his life, though he was born at Keokuk, Iowa, March 16, 1866. His parents, Jacob and Magdalena Baehr, were both born in Germany and came from that country to Cleveland in 1850. In 1862 they removed to Keokuk, Iowa, where they resided for several years and then returned to Cleveland, where Jacob died February 18, 1873, and his wife March 30, 1909. Jacob Baehr is remembered as a brewer of the old school and an exceedingly honest and upright citi-   CLEVELAND AND ITS ENVIRONS - 195 zen. He would not hire a man to work for him unless he was a Christian and a church attendant. In either his brewery or his place of business, where he sold beer exclusively, he allowed no swearing and always conducted his retail place on a high plane, so that it was patronized by many of the best people of the city. Jacob Baehr and wife are survived by three children, two sons and one daughter: Herman C.; E. A. Baehr, of Cleveland; and Catherine, widow of Jacob Killing, of Cleveland.   Herman C. Baehr was educated in the public schools of this city and also attended Lehman's Scientific Academy at Worms-on-the-Rhine. He received the degree M. B. and is a graduate of the first scientific station of New York in 1887. Returning to Cleveland, he took charge of the Baehr Brewing Company, which later consolidated with the Cleveland-Sandusky Brewing Company, of which he was secretary and treasurer a number of years.   Old timers in local politics recall that it was the late Mark Hanna who forced Mr. Baehr into politics. Mr. Baehr was a strong friend and admirer of Hanna and one of his political advisers. Mr. Baehr first came into prominence in the politics of the country when he was elected county recorder in 1904. He was the first man ever to receive a third consecutive term in that office. He had also previously served as a member of the Park Board. Mr. Baehr's term as mayor of Cleveland ran from January 1, 1910, to January 1, 1912. He is now a director and first vice president of the Forest City Savings and Trust Company, one of the largest banking houses on the West Side, and to it he now gives practically all his business time.   Mr. Baehr is a republican, a member of the Cleveland Chamber of Commerce, the West Side Chamber of Industry, is a thirty-second degree Scottish Rite Mason, a Shriner, a past chancellor of his Knights of Pythias Lodge, and a member of Cleveland Lodge, No. 18, Benevolent and Protective Order of Elks, the Fraternal Order of Eagles, Cleveland Athletic Club and the Cleveland Automobile Club.   One of the livest organizations in the commercial and civic progress of Cleveland is the West Side Chamber of Industry. It was organized a number of years ago, but through lack of efficient leadership and other causes it was practically moribund when Herman C. Baehr was elected its president. To him !more than any other one is due credit for its revival and the vigorous part it now takes in local performance. He was twice elected president, but did not fill out his second term owing to the mayoralty campaign in which he was engaged. He served about a year and a half as president of the chamber.   April 21, 1898, Mr. Baehr married Rose Schulte of Cleveland, daughter of August Schulte. Her father was a prominent provision merchant of Cincinnati for a number of years, and is remembered as the inventor of the boneless ham. Mrs. Baehr was born and educated in Cincinnati. Mr. and Mrs. Baehr reside in the Hollenden Hotel.   MISS EMMA M. PERKINS, Professor of Latin in the College for Women at Western Reserve University, has long been prominent in educational affairs at Cleveland. She was formerly connected with the city public schools, is president of the Cleveland branch of the Vassar Alumnae Association, and is identified with a number of other social and civic' organizations.   Miss Perkins has brought to this transplanted section of New England much of the fine literary culture that is associated with the hest families of the northeastern states. She was born at Winchester, New Hampshire, a daughter of Rev. Orren and Sarah M. (Clinton) Perkins. Both the Perkins and Clinton families came from England, the former establishing a home in New Hampshire and later in Massachusetts and the latter in Massachusetts and later in Connecticut. Miss Perkins is descended from several Mayflower pilgrims and has several Revolutionary ancestors. Her grandfather, William Perkins, was a substantial farmer at Savoy, Massachusetts, where he spent his, life and where he died before the birth of Miss Perkins. The Perkins homestead has been in the family more than 100 years. Rev. Orren Perkins was born at Savoy, Massachusetts, in 1823. He grew up there and prepared for the ministry of the Universalist Church. he preached in Massachusetts and New Hampshire, also at Cooperstown, New York, and in 1880 removed to Chicago to engage in editorial work and died in that city in the same year. For five years he represented his home town of Winchester in the Lower House and Senate of the New Hampshire Legislature. He was a republican and a member of the Masonic fraternity. His wife was born at Cooperstown, New York, in 1824 and died iu Cleveland in   196 - CLEVELAND AND ITS ENVIRONS   1905. She was reared and educated in Cooperstown and had the distinction of studying under the famous Horace Mann at Pittsfield, Massachusetts. She was the mother of three daughters, Mary Frances, Florence Clinton and Emma M.   Mary Frances, who died at Cleveland March 9, 1916, was a graduate of Glenwood Seminary at Brattleboro. Vermont, and married John K. Pearson, who died at Cooperstown, New York, in 1894. Mr. Pearson was a property owner on Lake Otsego at Cooperstown. They resided in a fine old home which had been the seat of the Pearson family for many years. The second daughter, Florence Clinton, who lives with her sister Emma at Cleveland, is a graduate of Vassar College, taught in a private school at Poughkeepsie, New York, also at Vassar College, at Burlington, Vermont, and for five years was at the head of the Greek departments in the Central High School at Cleveland.   Miss Emma M. Perkins began her education in the public schools of Winchester, but at the age of seven years her parents removed to Cooperstown, New York, where she attended grammar and high school and also was trained under private tutors. Much of her early instruction and the inspiration for her career came from her father and mother, both of whom were highly educated. In September, 1875, Miss Perkins entered Vassar College at Poughkeepsie and graduated A. B. in 1879. She was valedictorian of her class and her sister Florence was also valedictorian of the class of 1875. The annals of this prominent woman's college reserve a special distinction for these two sisters, since it is the only case on record where two sisters have both been valedictorians. Both are members of the honorary scholarship fraternity Phi Beta Kappa.   Miss Emma Perkins came to Cleveland in the fall of 1879 and since that time has been continuously active in educational work. She taught in the Central High School until 1892, when she became associate professor of Latin in the College for Women and since 1893 has held the chair of Latin in that institution. She served as member of the Cleveland Board of Education from March, 1912, to January, 1918. For five continuous years she was chairman of the Committee on Educational Matters in this Board of Education.   She is president of the Ohio Branch of the Association of Collegiate Alumnae, an association of the leading women's colleges of the United States. Her service as president of the Cleveland branch of the Vassar Alumnae Association covers the years 1916-17 and 191718. She is also a member of the American Philological Association, the Classical Association of the Middle West and South, the Historical Association of New Hampshire, and is a member of the Cleveland Chapter of the Daughters of the American Revolution and a member of the Ohio Chapter of the National Society of the Daughters of Founders and Patriots of America. She has always been deeply interested in national temperance and suffrage movements. Miss Perkins is identified with Trinity Cathedral. She and her sister reside at 2125 Adelbert Road in the home built by their mother in 1893.   HENRY E. FRITZSCHE. Thorough efficiency, brought about by practical experience, explains why .the General Fire Extinguisher Company, with offices at Cleveland, has on its roll of valued employes as contracting engineer so well qualified a man as Henry E. Fritzsehe, and incidentally suggests that such company policy may have caused the unprecedented growth of this great business enterprise. Mr. Fritzsehe has been identified almost continuously with this corporation since he was twenty-one years old, and here gained most of his professional knowledge through close application and the most practical kind of hard work. He belongs to an old Cleveland family and was born in this city July 2, 1872.   At the age of eighteen years, having completed his school course, Henry E. Fritzsche secured a position with the National Union Engraving Company at Cleveland, and during the four years he remained there learned to be a designer and engraver. He then entered the employ of the General Fire Extinguisher Company, beginning work at the bottom and gradually advancing through intermediate position until he became a contracting agent of the company, in this way learning every detail pertaining to methods of manufacture and insurance engineering, as well as the executive part of his business. In 1902 he left this company in order to accept the position of inspection engineer of the central states for the Associated Factory Mutual Fire Insurance Companies of New England, continuing in that relation for one year, leaving them to become chief supervising inspector of the tobacco trust and all of their many factories. In 1904 he returned to the General Fire   CLEVELAND AND ITS ENVIRONS - 197   Extinguisher Company as contracting engineer. an office he has filled ever since. He is considered a very competent man in his profession. Mr. Fritzsche also has recognized talent as an artist, his eight years of technical training in earlier years being in line with a natural artistic bent that is fully proved by beautiful specimens of marine and landscape paintings from his brush. While he does not consider his art in the light of a profession, he enjoys painting and is sensible in finding in it a needed relaxation from his sterner duties.   Mr. Fritzsche was married at Cleveland on November 14, 1914, to Miss Edythe M. Dunbar. In politics Mr. Fritzsche is a republican. He has always been loyal and patriotic and more or less interested in military and civic affairs. He belongs to the organization known as the Cleveland Grays and has served for fourteen years as a member of the Ohio National Guard, and during the administration of Governor McKinley, held a commission. He is a Royal Arch Mason, belongs to the Sons of Veterans, to the National Fire Protection Association, is a life member of the Western Reserve Club and is a life associate member of the Cleveland Museum of Art. He belongs also to the Chamber of Commerce, Cleveland Athletic, Cleveland Yacht and Cleveland Automobile clubs and to the Shaker Lakes Country Club. Professionally and personally he has a wide acquaintance and is regarded with esteem in every circle.   LINDA ANNE EASTMAN deserves to be known through that quiet and effective service which makes such an institution as the Cleveland Public Library one of the most important sources of enlightenment to the community. Miss Eastman has been vice librarian for over twenty years.   She was born at Oberlin, Ohio, July 17, 1867, a daughter of William Harvey and Sarah (Redrup) Eastman. When she was a small girl her parents removed to Cleveland, and she attended public and high school and had private tutors to supplement her early education. From 1885 to 1892 Miss Eastman WWI a teacher in the schools of West Cleveland and Cleveland, and then took up library work when such a vocation was hardly classed as a necessity. She was an assistant in the Cleveland Public Library from 1892 to 1895, and during 1895-96 Miss Eastman was assistant librarian and cataloguer for the Dayton Public Library. Returning to Cleveland, she became vice librarian, which post she has held since 1896. Since 1904 she has also been instructor in the Western Reserve University Library School.   Miss Eastman is a member of the American Library Association, a member of its council since 1905. has served several terms on the executive board, and was second vice president in 1918. She is a charter member of the Ohio Library Association and was the first woman to serve as president, in 1903-04. She also belongs to the American Library Institute and the Woman's City Club of Cleveland, of which she is a member of the board of directors. She has contributed many articles to library periodicals: in 1900-01 she was literary editor of the Little Chronicle.   J. FRANK Jt'DD, JR., is president of the Judd Automobile Company. This company does general buying and selling of used cars, and is considered in trade circles the most extensive dealers in used cars in the Middle West. Their business is mainly high grade machines and the organization represents long and thorough experience and adequate capital. At the present time the Judd Automobile Company employs in the neighborhood of thirty-five men and are disposing of in the neighborhood of 3,000 automobiles per year. Mr. Judd is president, E. C. Henn is vice president, and A. W. Henn is secretary and treasurer.   Mr. Judd was born at Covington, Kentucky. September 1, 1888. a son of J. Frank and May (Gravener) Judd. His father, who was born at New Haven, Connecticut, was educated there and early took up the machinist's trade. He came to Cleveland in 1904 and for two years was connected with the National Acme Company of this city and then took charge of the company's office in New York City for eight years. Since then he has been superintendent of the Fitchburg Machine Company at Fitchburg, Massachusetts.   J. Frank Judd, Jr., attended the public schools until fifteen, and since then has led a very active business career. The first year after leaving public school he spent as a clerk with the Proctor & Gamble Soap Company at Cincinnati, and then removed to Cleveland and was with the circulation department of the Cleveland News until 1906.   Mr. Judd has had an active experience in the automobile business for over ten years. On leaving the News he spent one year with the Metropolitan Motor Car Company, who had the agency for the Pierce-Arrow and   198 - CLEVELAND AND ITS ENVIRONS   Stearns cars. He was salesman for this firm, and from 1907 to 1909 was sales manager for the Jackson Motor Car Company, and the next two years he spent as sales manager with the Gath Automobile Company. Mr. Judd organized the Judd Automobile Company in 1911.   A tribute to his ability was recently paid him in his appointment by Samuel Gompers, chairman of the Labor Council of National Defense, as one of the committees under the direction of that council.   HARRY J. KLOSSEN is secretary and treasurer of the Klossen & Sowers Company, one of Cleveland's largest insurance agencies and brokerage firms, with offices in the Citizens Building. Mr. Klossen is a man of wide experience in insurance work, and for a number of years was a special agent before establishing an agency and office of his own.   He is a native of Cleveland, born here May 5, 1879, son of John H. and Hattie E. (Bertram) Klossen, both residents of Cleveland. His mother was born in Charlotte, Michigan, and the father in Coshocton, Ohio, and they were married in Cleveland. John H. Klossen is a veteran in the oil fields of Northwest Ohio, having begun his operations here thirty years ago. He still has a number of wells around Bowling Green, Findlay and Lima, and owns considerable property in his own name in that territory besides a number of leases. Harry J. Klossen is the only son and the oldest of three children. His sister, Mrs. George M. Scott, is the wife of a member of Scott Brothers, the well known storage company of Cleveland. The youngest is Mrs. H. G. Coates. Mr. Coates is purchasing agent for the W. S. Tyler Company of Cleveland. All three children were born and educated in Cleveland.   Harry J. Klossen attended the old Kentucky School on the West Side of Cleveland and is a graduate of the Central High School. For two terms he carried courses in bookkeeping and auditing in the Spencerian Business College, and with that preparation he secured his first position on a regular pay roll as bookkeeper and office manager with the Atlantic Refining Company. He was there two years and for several months was in the auditing department of American Steel & Wire Company.   What turned out to be the opportunity for a career came when he was made cashier of the Fidelity & Casualty Company. After one year in the offices he began work as special agent for the Fidelity Company and in the next nine years rolled up a large volume of business for the company. With that experience behind him he formed the H. J. Klossen Insurance Agency, establishing his headquarters in the Citizens Building, where he remains today. After two years, in 1916, he formed with James M. Sowers, the Klossen & Sowers Company, a corporation, with Mr. Klossen as secretary and treasurer.   Mr. Klossen is also a director of the Fidelity Savings & Loan Company, the Willis Manufacturing Company, and is president and director of the National Laboratories Company. He is well known in social and fraternal affairs, is a member of the Cleveland Fire Insurance Club, was formerly a member and active in the Cleveland Grays, is a life member of Cleveland Lodge, No. 18, Benevolent and Protective Order of Elks; a member of Tyrian Lodge, No. 70, Free and Accepted Masons ; Cleveland Chapter, Royal Arch Masons, and Oriental Commandery, No. 12, Knights Templar. He also belongs to the Cleveland Athletic Club, Cleveland Chamber of Commerce, the East Shore Country Club and the Colonial Club. One of Mr. Klosson's hobbies is motoring in the Adirondack Mountains and the eastern states. It has been his custom to make two trips every year, and probably no man in Cleveland is more familiar with the good automobile trails of the New England states. He has added a new hobby, having purchased a motor cruiser and joined the Cleveland Yacht Club.   December 19, 1913, he married Mary G. Shaw, of Cleveland. Mrs. Klossen was born and educated here and before her marriage was a successful business woman, proprietor of an exclusive shop on Euclid Avenue, conducted under her own name, where she specialized in corsets, lingerie and other ladies' wear.   ED THURMAN is well known in Cleveland insurance circles, and is supervisor of agents for Northern Ohio for the Phoenix Mutual Life Insurance Company. Prior to coming to Cleveland he had an extensive experience as a traveling salesman all over the South. and he is a southern man by early residence. and of southern ancestry.   The first American Thurman came out of England and settled in Virginia in colonial days. Mr. Thurman's grandfather, Oliver Thurman, was horn in Virginia, in 1829, and in early life moved across the mountains to   CLEVELAND AND ITS ENVIRONS - 199   Tennessee, and in 1867 located at McMinnville in that state. He was a tanner by trade, and during the war operated a tannery for the Confederate government. After moving to McMinnville he established a dry goods store and built it up to the largest concern of its kind in that city. He died at McMinnville in 1890, and the business thus established was carried on by his son, I. J. Thurman, who has continued it with the same high standards and prosperity to the present time. I. J. Thurman is the father of the Cleveland business man. Oliver Thurman married Lou Jones, who was born in Sequatehi Valley, Tennessee, in 1832, and is still living at McMinnville. I. J. Thurman was born at Dawes, Tennessee, in 1859, but has lived at McMinnville since he was nine years of age. He is still active as a business man and merchant and over the State of Tennessee generally is well known for his prominence in Masonry. He is a past grand master of Tennessee State Lodge of Masons and also past grand high priest of the Rival Arch. He is also a Knights Templar, a thirty-second degree Scottish Rite Mason and Shriner. Politically he acts as an independent and is a loyal member and elder of the Christian Church. I. J. Thurman married, at McMinnville, Beulah Randolph, who was born in Petersburg, Tennessee, in 1861. Ed Thurman is the oldest of their children. Joseph died on a ranch in Oklahoma at the age of twenty-one; George is a traveling salesman for the American Tobacco Company and resides at Jackson, Mississippi ; Lucile is a school teacher still at home with her parents. Bill is one of the two sons of the family now serving their country in the war. He holds the rank of first lieutenant in the Twenty-sixth Machine Gun Battalion and at this writing is at Camp Gordon, Georgia. I. J., Jr., the sixth and youngest child, is first sergeant in Company 3 of the First Training Battalion, One Hundred and Fifty-fifth Depot Brigade, in France.   Ed Thurman was born at McMinnville, Tennessee, September 22, 1882, was educated in the public schools there, graduating from high school in 1896, and in 1902 received his A. B. degree from Terrill College at Decherd, Tennessee. From college he took up work as a traveling salesman, and for about thirteen years represented the Rice Stix Dry Goods Company of St. Louis, traveling over southern territory and having his residence for some years at Greenville, Mississippi. In 1915 Mr. Thurman came to Cleveland to take up his present work with the Phoenix Mutual Life Insurance Company. He has the responsibility of looking after all the agents in Northern Ohio, and his offices are on the twelfth floor of the Union National Bank Building.   Mr. Thurman resides at 1676 Coventry Road. He is independent in politics, is a member and has served as deacon of the Christian Church, and is a member of the Cleveland. Chamber of Commerce, the Cleveland Advertising Club and the Southern Club of Cleveland. He is also past president of the Salesmanship Club of Cleveland, which he organized in December, 1916. Mr. Thurman's fraternal affiliations are at his old home at Greenville, Mississippi. He is a member of Greenville Lodge, No. 206, Ancient Free and Accepted Masons; Greenville Chapter, Royal Arch Masons; Delta Commandery, No. 16, Knights Templar, of which he is past eminent commander; Greenville Lodge of Elks, and Stonewall Jackson Lodge of Knights of Pythias.   In 1903, at Decherd, Tennessee, he married Miss Mary Terrill, daughter of James W. and Coleman (Hamilton) Terrill, both now deceased. • Her father was long a promi• nent educator in the South and at one time was president of Terrill College.   FRANK M. BOUGHTON is a Cleveland business man who has demonstrated unusual ability as a salesman, and for a number of years has enjoyed successive promotions to larger responsibilities with the American Multigraph Company, until he is now resident division manager of sales at Cleveland and promoting the sales and distribution of the Multigraph machine over a large section of Northern Ohio.   Mr. Boughton was born in Albany, New York, March 18, 1880, a son of Judson A. and Adeline (Bates) Boughton. His early experiences in business were chiefly distinctive because of their variety. He attended public school in Albany and Troy, New York, spent one year as mail clerk with the Boston & Maine Railroad, two years as an interior decorator at New York City with his brother, H. L. Boughton, and following that went into the interior decorating business for himself a couple of years. He was then put in charge of the wall paper department of the W. & J. Sloan Company, interior decorators, and remained with that New York firm two years. He served seven years with the Seventh Regiment, National Guard, in New York City.