400 - CLEVELAND AND ITS ENVIRONS tical experience was as a newspaper man, and he was reporter with the Repository and the News of Canton. While doing the regular routine of a newspaper office he became acquainted with Atlee Pomerene, who took a great interest in the young reporter and practically introduced him to politics. When Mr. Pomerene was elected United States senator he took Mr. Breitenstein to Washington with him as his private secretary, and that office furnished the young man opportunities to get a close and intimate view of life at the national capital and become acquainted with many of the nation's foremost men. He also used his leisure time there to study law, and took both law and literary courses in Georgetown University. He received the A. B. degree from Georgetown in 1910, and in 1912 was awarded the degree LL. B. In 1914 he was admitted to the bar of the District of Columbia, and to the Ohio bar in the same year. He was private secretary to Senator Pomerene from April, 1911, to May, 1915, and has been one of the senator's most loyal supporters and effective campaigners both then and since. In 1916 he was secretary of the State Democratic Committee and had charge of the re-election of Mr. Pomerene to the Senate, and with W. L. Finley, state chairman, conducted the campaign in Ohio for Woodrow Wilson. In 1916 Senator Pomerene defeated Myron T. Herrick, the republican candidate, for senator. In May, 1915, Mr. Breitenstein was appointed assistant United States attorney for the Northern District of Ohio, and in that office he has distinguished himself by much important work both in the routine and in the exceptional cases intrusted to the Federal Attorney of this district. It will be recalled that Mr. Breitenstein was assigned the duty of prosecuting C. E. Ruthenberg, Alfred Wagenknecht and Charles Baker, the socialist slackers who are now serving time in the workhouse. These were all well known men in Cleveland and the public utterances and actions in line with the orthodox socialist platform brought them into collision with the Federal Department of Justice. Mr. Breitenstein takes much pride in a personal autographed letter from President Wilson, dated November 20, 1916, in which the president says: "My Dear Breitenstein : Your kind letter of congratulations gave me peculiar pleasure because it cane from one who has served at my side in the effort to keep the government in the hands of the people." Mr. Breitenstein has been a deep student of literature and politics, and has a remarkable grasp and knowledge of the political history of all the leading nations of the world. He is unmarried. He is a member of the Cleveland Athletic Club and the Knights of Columbus. ANTONIO T. FARINACCI. Italy to Americans long has been but another name for beautiful scenery, for the highest conceptions of architecture and the perfection of the arts of music, painting and sculpture. It is to Italy that the cultured world turns when seeking artistic training or pleasure, and from that land has come to this many priceless artistic treasures and gifted exponents of all the fine arts. Perhaps this will ever be the case. There are many other reasons, however, why America has had cause to turn thankfully to Italy. It is no idle assemblage of words to say that, as a people, the Italians are sturdy and industrious and, with equal opportunity in America, are apt to prosper along many lines. An example may be cited in respectfully referring to Antonio T. Farinacci, who in a comparatively short period of residence at Cleveland has become one of the leading contractors and builders and a solid, dependable, respected business man of this city. Antonio T. Farinacci was born January 13, 1883, in one of the warm, sunny provinces of Southern Italy. He attended the public schools until twelve years of age and then became a student in Capranico College in Rome, Italy, where he had continuous educational advantages until he was seventeen. That he profited by the same and was unusually apt is shown by the fact that he was then appointed an instructor and also assistant administrator of a government reformatory at Frascati, Italy, and continued in the performance of these duties until he was twenty years old. Then came his period of military service, covering three years, and the world has but lately fully learned what type of lloldier makes up the Italian army, what courage, what endurance, what self-sacrifice and nobility belong to this body of trained men. After his period of military service was over Mr. Farinacci came to America in search of wider business opportunity, and located at Cleveland, Ohio. For two years he worked with the well known firm of Paul Brothers, contractors, as a plasterer and stone mason, and for two years more with J. W. Smith along the same line. In the meanwhile he CLEVELAND AND ITS ENVIRONS - 401 had made preparations to enter business on his own responsibility, and finally embarked in a contracting business for himself and has been exceedingly successful. It would be impossible to name all of the contracts that Mr. Farinacci has carried out to a successful termination since entering into business, but a few of the more important ones may be mentioned. He was the contractor in the erecting of the St. Philomena parish residence, situated on Euclid Avenue between Wellesley and Vassar avenues, costing $22,000; the $27,000 residence of 0. R. Cook, situated at No. 2888 Fairfax Avenue, together with the following elegant private residences in Cleveland and other points: The $34,000 residence of F. A. Mehling at Clifton Park; a $14,000 residence at Clifton Park for M. A. Mehling; a $30,000 residence on Elander Drive for L. H. Wallace; one of $13,000 for Mary L. Armstrong; one of $9,000 for Fred Clum ; one of $7,000 for J. R. Nutt ; one of $13,000 for Anna D. Todd; one of $11,500 for Amos N. Barron; and a residence costing $35,000 for Dr. William C. Gear at Akron, Ohio. Mr. Farinaeci also did the fine plaster work, the estimate amounting to $9,000, in the Kennard School, and a $7,000 job of plastering in the Memphis School. His reputation for reliability has been so well supported that his services are in demand whenever either fine residences or extensive business buildings are contemplated by judicious investors. Mr. Farinacci was united in marriage at Cleveland, on February 9, 1907, to Miss Lena De Luca, and they have three children, two daughters and one son : Viola, Anna Marie and Dominic, all of whom attend the public schools. The entire family belongs to the Roman Catholic Church. Mr. Farinaeci has given his political support to the republican party ever since becoming an American citizen. A man of education and wide experience, he is not only useful and influential in business affairs, but he has been exceedingly helpful to many of his countrymen in adjusting themselves to American ways, and is looked upon by them with regard and confidence. Mr. Farinacci has met with several reverses, but he has paid dollar for dollar with interest and has thereby established a reputation as a thoroughly honest man and his credit is of the very best. THOMAS G. FITZSIMONS. Three generations of the Fitzsimons family have been promi nently identified with the iron and steel industries of Ohio, especially at Cleveland, where they have had their home for seventy years. Cleveland is the birthplace of Thomas G. Fitzsimons, representing the second generation. He was born August 6, 1848, a son of William John and Ellen Mary Fitzsimons. His father was born in Ireland and immigrated to America in 1848 and located at Cleveland. Later William J. Fitzsimons and his son, Thomas O., established an iron foundry and successfully operated the industry until the father's death. Thomas G. Fitzsimons grew lip in Cleveland, attended the public and parochial schools until he was fourteen years of age and then entered upon an apprenticeship as an iron molder. He then went into the foundry business with his father under the firm name of William Fitzsimons & Son. After his father's death in 1889 he established the Fitzsimons Company, which now has a plant at Youngstown, Ohio. Mr. Fitzsimons is still connected with the business. The company manufactures cold drawn iron and steel products, and the output is shipped to all parts of the civilized world. Mr. Fitzsimons and his sons are the active official heads of this business. Mr. Fitzsimons has also been interested in public affairs and in 1912 was chosen as a delegate to tha Fourth Ohio Constitutional Convention. WILLIAM F. NASH. The largest independent packing company in the State of Ohio is the Cleveland Provision Company. It is a big business, one that has been in existence for fully three-quarters of a century, and its development throughout has been fostered largely by the members of one family. It was founded by the late Benjamin Rose. John Nash became associated with Mr. Rose in the Cleveland Provision Company about 1893, and most of the executive officers at present are his sons, including William F'. Nash, vice president. The late John Nash was born in Warwickshire, England, in 1836, and spent a large part of his life in the old country, coming to Cleveland about 1890. He died in this city in 1910. He first came to the United States when sixteen years of age, locating at Baltimore, Maryland, where he became associated with the packing industry. Subsequently he had further experience in the Chicago packing firms, and finally went back to England 402 - CLEVELAND AND ITS ENVIRONS to marry, and took his bride to Chicago. In 1872 he again went back to England and lived for about two years on the Isle of Wight. For ten years his home was a farm in Worcestershire, England, and from there he went to Liverpool and engaged in the commission business twelve years, conducting a large provision house. On returning to this country, John Nash located at Cleveland, where he became associated with Benjamin Rose in establishing the Cleveland Provision Company. Mr. Rose was a factor in this business until his death in 1909. John Nash had for a number of years been vice president of the company, and succeeded Mr. Rose as head of the institution, but after a few months the presidency was taken by his son, S. T. Nash. S. T. Nash is now president; William F. Nash, vice president; and Joseph H. Nash, secretary and treasurer. The plant of the Cleveland Provision Company, is at 2527 Canal Road. It is a wholesale packing establishment, employs about 900 hands and its goods are shipped all over the United States and to England and France. The late John Nash, who died at Cleveland in 1910, was a member of the Episcopal Church and the Masonic fraternity. He married Winnifred Fowler. She was born at Evesham, Worcestershire, England, in 1841, and died at Cleveland in 1917. Their children were: Joseph H., a resident of Cleveland and secretary and treasurer of the Cleveland Provision Company; Elizabeth A.. who is unmarried and lives at Cleveland Ileights, being a stockholder in the Cleveland Provision Company; Winnifred E., wife of Charles Tilby, a resident of Berkenhead, England, where he is in the shipping business; William F.; S. T. Nash, president of the Cleveland Provision Company ; R. P. Nash, twin brother of S. T., who is now a major in the United States army, at present stationed in the army camp at Chillicothe, Ohio; J. W. Nash, who lives at Bournemouth. England, serving with the rank of commander in the English navy; Dianna L. and Margaret, both residents of Cleveland Heights and stockholders in the Cleveland Provision Company ; Annie, unmarried and living at Ocean View, Virginia; H. L. Nash, a captain in the engineers' corps of the United States army ; and T. H. Nash, a resident of Cleveland Heights and a captain now stationed at Camp Sheridan. William F. Nash was born at Chicago, Illinois, October 31, 1870, and in early infancy his parents returned to England and he was educated in the grammar schools, finishing at Berkenhead College. For three years of his youth he was associated with his father in business at Liverpool, and in 1890 came to Cleveland and entered the Cleveland Provision Company. He began as a clerk and did practically everything in the round of duties, which made him familiar with every phase and detail of the business. He has been one of the executive managers for a number of years, and succeeded his father in the office of vice president of the company. Mr. Nash is an independent republican in politics and belongs to the Episcopal Church. He and his family reside at 2921 South Park Boulevard in Shaker Heights, Cleveland. He married in 1909, at Wickliffe, Ohio, Miss Anna B. Rockefeller. Mrs. Nash is a daughter of Frank and Helen Elizabeth (Scofield) Rockefeller and is a niece of John D. Rockefeller. Her father is deceased and her mother resides at Wickliffe, Ohio. Mr. and Mrs. Nash have three children: William R., born November 10, 1910; Helen E., born September 2, 1912; and John F., born January 22, 1916. JOHN G. MURPHY. Sound native ability, together with concentration of purpose, has brought John G. Murphy, at an early age, to a successful position at the Cleveland bar. Mr. Murphy worked for every step of his advancement, earning his living while a student of law in Cleveland. A native of Ireland, he was born in County Mayo March 21, 1879, son of John and Bridget (Gildrn) Murphy. His parents never came to the United States and are still living in Ireland, his father at the age of eighty-three and his mother at sixty-five. His father was for many years a produce merchant and farmer, but for the past twenty years has been retired from active business. There were fifteen children in the family, eight sons and seven daughters, and eleven, six boys and five girls, are still living and eight of them in the United States, five sons and three daughters. Of this large family, five have their homes in Cleveland. Third in age, John G. Murphy was educated in Ireland, and was seventeen years of age when he came to the United States in 1896. Landing in New York City, he spent four years in that state and in New Jersey and arrived in Cleveland in 1900. After CLEVELAND AND ITS ENVIRONS - 403 coming to this country he studied privately in the East and also in Cleveland. In 1903 he entered Western Reserve University Law School and studied there until 1905. He later resumed the study of law in Baldwin-Wallace College, from which he holds the degree Bachelor of Laws, granted him with the class of June, 1908. He was admitted to the bar after examination before the Supreme Court of Columbus in December, 1908. and was admitted to practice in the United States courts in 1909. As a means of self-support while attending college, Mr. Murphy was employed for special work with the board of elections and also in the city auditor's and the county treasurer's offices. In 1907, before his admission to practice, he was appointed justice of the peace of Cleveland Heights, to fill an unexpired term, and in the fall of the same years was elected to that office. In January, 1908, he was appointed police judge of Cleveland Heights, and filled that office until 1915. In 1911 he opened a law office in the Society for Savings Building and now gives practically all his time to the general practice of law, occasionally handling some corporation work. He is a director of the S. H. Kleinman Realty Company of Cleveland. Mr. Murphy, who is unmarried, is a republican, member of Cleveland. Lodge, No. 18, Benevolent and Protective Order of Elks, the Knights of Columbus, the Loyal Order of Moose, Cleveland Chamber of Commerce, National Union, the Sigma Kappa Phi. He is a member of the advisory board of the Elks lodge. He is active in St. Philomena's Catholic Church of Cleveland and was eight years a councilman of the church. FRANK M. GREGG. A man whose active personal business experiences cover so diversified a field as railroad building, journalism, manufacturing in many lines, authorship and financial transactions of magnitude and responsibility, all within a space of thirty-five years, must command more than ordinary attention in the compilation of a work devoted to the people who make Cleveland notable. Such large achievment excites interest and invites personal biography. Frank M. Gregg, president of the Cleveland Commercial Company and of other vast corporations, was born at Ripley, in Brown County, Ohio, February 25, 1864. His parents were Samuel and Martha Gregg, people of sterling worth but not financially able to give their son other than public school advantages. After graduating from high school in 1882 Mr. Gregg started out for himself, making choice of Colorado as his first field of effort. There the future man of large affairs worked for nine months as a section hand for the Union Pacific Railroad Company, then constructing in Gunnison County. The life was rough and the work hard, and the young man soon discovered that along another line of endeavor he would have to seek satisfying employment. His next move took him to Chattanooga, Tennessee, where for three years he worked in a candy factory, in the meanwhile seeking an opening more congenial, and finding it in a newspaper office. Mr. Gregg entered the field of journalism as a reporter on the Chattanooga News. and from that city came to Cleveland, with a backing of reportorial success, and for five succeeding years was connected with the Cleveland Press, his name in this connection becoming well known in newspaper circles because of his writing talent. Mr. Gregg then turned his attention to an entirely different but equally important line of work in engaging with the II. A. Lozier Company, manufacturers of bicycles, in which he displayed such admirable conceptions of business that he was made the European manager for this company, with headquarters in London, England. Ile established branch offices in Hamburg and at Paris. After remaining abroad for two years he was recalled by the company to Cleveland and was placed in charge, at the home office, of all the firm's foreign business. Mr. Gregg continued with the above corporation until 1900, when he resigned in order to assist in organizing the Cleveland Street Lighting Company, for the manufacturing and contracting for street lighting systems covering the cities of Cleveland, Pittsburgh and Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, and St. Paul, Minnesota. Mr. Gregg served as president of this company until 1907, when he sold his interests and organized the American Commercial Company, a capitalistic enterprise designed to further the economic independence of various industries. At the present time a fair estimate of the company's business may be placed at the amount of $12,000,000. The company finances automobiles and other live, reputable companies and handles short-time merchandise notes. Mr. Gregg continues the president and has asso- 404 - CLEVELAND AND ITS ENVIRONS ciated with him A. V. Cannon as vice president and John P. White as secretary and treasurer. While Mr. Gregg's alertness, good judgment and foresight have caused him to be welcomed as an associate in numerous business aggregations, he has also exercised these qualities in personal investments, and perhaps in no more decisive way than when in 1906 he bought out the Cleveland Macaroni Company, a property he still owns and of which he continues president. When Mr. Gregg invested, the concern was doing a business of $180,000 annually, while at present (1917) its hooks show a business of $1,200,000, and this will be largely augmented upon the completion of the addition to the plant now under construction, which will make it the largest and best equipped in the United States. Its estimated capacity will then be 150,000,000 pounds of macaroni a year, representing seventeen carloads a day. 'His present employes number 500 people of both sexes. Mr. Gragg was also the organizer and is the president of the Cleveland Worm and Gear Company, this being the only plant in the United States doing high efficiency worm and gear work. On March 27, 1894, Mr. Gregg was married at Cleveland to Miss Elizabeth Lozier, who is a daughter of H. A. Lozier, the well known bicycle manufacturer. They have one son, Frank L., who was a student in Culver Military School, but is now in the artillery as a private and serving in France. Mr. Gregg and family belong to the Methodist Episcopal Church. Notwithstanding the constant claims of business upon his time, and the problems that such great enterprises as his present that have to be solved with steady nerve and quick thought, Mr. Gregg has never entirely given up the pen of the writer, and in three of his thoughtful, well written published books. "Founding of a Nation," "History of Anti-Slavery" and "Andrews' Raiders," may be traced wide and careful reading. They might have come from the study of the learned litterateur, rather than the busy office of the business man. In his political views he believes in progressiveness and reform, and in some way finds time to influence his fellow citizens along such lines, serving effectively as a member of the executive committee of both the Civic and Federated leagues. He has always considered it a public duty to boldly advocate what he believes to be right, and his ripened opinion bears a large measure of weight in all that concerns Cleveland. Since early manhood he has been identified with the Masonic fraternity, in which he has advanced to high degree. He is a member of the Union and of the Willowick Country clubs, and of the Epworth Memorial Methodist Episcopal Church. FRED R. KLAUS. There is a measure of justifiable pride that a man may have in knowing that he has built up his own fortunes and has secured position and independence, not through the help of someone else, but through his own efforts, and this is as it should he. One of the responsible business men of Cleveland, now occupying a high position in the iron industry, is Fred R. Klaus, who is vice president of the Cleveland Welding Company. America has been his home since boyhood and he has enjoyed American opportunities, but these alone would not have been sufficient to advance him very far without his own perseverance, industry and wholesome way of life. Fred R. Klaus came to America from Germany, where he was born August 26, 1873, when he was eleven years old. His parents were Frederick and Margaret Klaus, both of whom died in Germany. Of their four children, Fred R. and three daughters, the son, the second in order of birth, is the only one who ever came to the United States. He accompanied his uncle, Charles Batts, from Saxony, and they came to Cleveland. The uncle was not able to do much for the boy except see that he attended the Lutheran school, and very early Fred became self-supporting, working at anything that he could find to do until he was fifteen years old, when he went into the country- and for two years was employed on a farm. Perhaps had Mr. Klaus remained on the farm he might have become one of the agricultural barons of Cuyahoga County, but he early showed strong leanings in an entirely different direction, mechanical aptness and facility with tools, that strongly indicated the line in which he might be most successful. After he returned to Cleveland he became an employe of the .Standard Tool Company in this city and remained with that concern in the drill works for the next ten years, through self-denial and hardship gradually advancing until he was recognized as an expert worker. Mr. Klaus then went with the Standard Welding Company and worked there until 1912, CLEVELAND AND ITS ENVIRONS - 405 developing special ability, and then came to the Cleveland Welding Company. Of this plant he is now general manager and is vice president of the company. It is a fact to be proud of that in comparatively so short a time, through his own ability and diligence, he has been able to climb from the bottom of the industrial ladder to a position of such great importance. He has under his supervision this entire plant, one of the larger concerns of the city, that gives employment to 550 men, and is responsible for the smooth working of men and machinery, for the steady output and, in a way, for the profitable continuance of the business. Mr. Klaus was married at Cleveland, July 14, 1895, to Miss Margaret Fenzel. Her parents were Frank and Catherine Fenzel, the former of whom followed the trade of molder He is now deceased, but the mother of Mrs. Klaus still lives in this city. Mr. and Mrs. Klaus have three children: Gertrude, who was born November 6, 1900; Fred, who was born July 13, 1914; and Elizabeth, who was born October 13, 1917. Miss Gertrude is a high school graduate. and as she possesses musical talent, her father is giving her an opportunity to perfect herself in the art. Mr. Klaus owns the attractive family home situated at No. 3112 West Boulevard Although an independent voter, Mr. Klaus is a careful and earnest citizen and takes pride in Cleveland's industrial prominence and her many advantages as a place of residence and is ever ready to do his share in adding to the general welfare. He belongs to the Independent Order of Foresters, and to National Lodge, Knights of Pythias. WILLIAM A. HARE, president and manager of the Building Service Company, has spent most of his life in Cleveland, and is a man of long and competent experience in business affairs and has made an excellent record in all the positions held, whether as a -worker for others or for himself. Mr. Hare was born in Stark County, Ohio, May 30, 1869, and received a public school education at Cleveland. He gave up his studies at the age of fourteen to become serf-supporting. His active business career, therefore covers a period of more than thirty years. For two years he was junior clerk with the Republic Iron Company, and at that time received an appointment as cadet at the West Point Military Academy and was in that military training school for over a year. Returning to Cleveland, he devoted his time to military and business matters, having been captain for fifteen years of the Cleveland City Guards, one of the crack military organizations of the state. He spent seven years with the old Bell-Cartright Lumber Company, following which for four years he was an accountant in city offices, then was engaged in the real estate business for himself two years, for three years was secretary to the Cuyahoga .County engineer, and in 1912 resumed the real estate business. In the same year he took the management of the mill and lumber yard of the Austin Company, but gave up that connection in 1914 to form a partnership with James M. Fraser in the construction business. They incorporated the company in 1915, with Mr. Hare as secretary and treasurer. In 1918 the firm name was changed to the Building Service Company, with Mr. Hare as president and manager The offices of the company are at 2030 East Sixty-first Street. The personnel of the company are all expert in general construction lines and they have successfully carried out a large number of factory building contracts. The firm employs on the average about sixty men. Mr. Hare is a republican voter. His home is at Mayfield, Ohio, where he has a very fine farm. CHARLES W. EHRKE, a native of Cleveland, finished his education about thirty years ago, and in March, 1889, went to work for the Mechanical Rubber Company. The substantial success he has achieved in his career is partly due to his diligent and highly capable performance and also to the fact that he has concentrated his energies along one line and with one organization. He began work for the Mechanical Rubber Company as a bill clerk. He was promoted to bookkeeper and then to cashier, and gradually assumed increasing responsibilities and adapted himself to the growing business around him until he is now office and financial manager of the company and is also treasurer of its subsidiary organization known as the Sawyer Belting Company. This is one of the oldest as well as the largest of Cleveland's industries for the manufacture of rubber goods. The plant and offices are located at the foot of Lisbon Road. The Mechanical Rubber Company manufactures a large and varied line of belting, hose, jar rubbers, packing goods and motor spe- 406 - CLEVELAND AND ITS ENVIRONS cialties. The Sawyer Belting Company is an organization exclusively for the manufacture of canvas stitched belting. At the present time about 1,400 hands are employed in the factories, while 150 are on the office pay roll. Mr. Ehrke in his official capacity has about forty employes under his direct supervision. Mr. Ehrke was born in Cleveland January 2, 1872. His father is Joachim Ehrke, who has been a resident of this city nearly fifty years. He was born in Germany in 1849, was reared in the Fatherland, and came to this country about 1869. He is a clothing cutter by trade and is still active in his work. He resides on Zoeter Avenue in Cleveland. He is a republican in politics and a member of the German Lutheran Church. Joachim Ehrke married for his first wife Louisa Hippe. She was born in Germany in 1853 and died at Cleveland in 1893. She was the mother of six children, Charles W. being the oldest. John is a farmer at Geneva, Ohio. Amelia, who died at Cleveland in 1915, married Edward Wilbrandt, who is also connected with the Mechanical Rubber Compapy. Otto is proprietor of the tinshop on Superior Avenue. Elsie, who lives with her father, is the widow of Oscar Kellar, who was with the Brown Hoisting Company. William, the youngest of the family, is superintendent of. the Sawyer Belting Company. Joachim Ehrke married for his second wife Hattie Kuhn, and their three children are Adeline, Lucy and Eleanor. Charles W. Ehrke received his early training in the public schools of Cleveland, and in 1889 graduated from the Spencerian Business College. He had previously been employed for a year and a half with the Cleveland Paper Company, but continuously since he was seventeen years of age has been with the Mechanical Rubber Company. Mr. Ehrke is also well known as vice president of the Cuyahoga Soap Works and is president of the Cosmopolitan Savings & Loan Coinpany. He is a member of the Cleveland Chamber of Commerce, the Cleveland Athletic Club, and is a republican in polities. Mr. Ehrke owns a home at 5808 Whittier Avenue. He married, at Cleveland, in 1894, Miss Martha E. Splittorf, daughter of John George and Elizabeth (Geist) Splittorf, the latter still living in Cleveland. Her father, deceased, came to Cleveland at the age of nineteen and was for many years in the grocery business. Mr. and Mrs. Ehrke have three children: Earl, born June 30, 1897, is now completing his technical education in the Case School of Applied Science; Raymond, born May 30, 1900, is a student in the Spencerian Business College; while George, born February 11, 1903, is doing hifl work as a student in the East High School. THEODOR KUNDTZ. Among the really big men in the industrial life of Cleveland there is probably not a more self-effacing and modest character than Theodor Kundtz. He does succeed in a large extent in keeping himself out of public view, but his business, the Theodor Kundtz Company, is as a light set on a hill, and cannot he hid. But as an institution is only the lengthened shadow of a man, it would not be possible to estimate and understand the genius of these plants without some reference to the career of the founder and the man who for more than forty years has steadily directed their operation. Mr. Kundtz was born in the Village of Metzenzef, Hungary, July 1, 1832. He received his early education in the public schools of Hungary. He also learned cabinet making, and when only fifteen years of age was put in charge of his father's shop. In 1873, at the age of twenty-one, he immigrated to the United States, and coming to Cleveland found employment in a cabinet-making shop. Two years later, when that shop was burned, he took over the business and thus established the nucleus of the present great industry bearing his name. That little shop was on what was known as St. Clair Hill, and in the first months there were never more than half a dozen men working in the shop. The special output of that small shop, as well as of most of the big plants today, was the making of woodwork for sewing machines. Mr. Kundtz has in fact the title of being the pioneer manufacturer of that special line of work in the United States. His career has been closely linked with that of the late Thomas White, of the White Sewing Machine Company. The two business establishments practically developed side by side. Today the Theodor Kundtz Company furnishes woodwork for the largest sewing machine companies in the United States, and the wonderful improvements in this woodwork and its artistic development are solely due to the creative genius of Theodor Kundtz, as a remarkable combination of the expert and practical craftsman, the artist and inventor. From a small plant, his business has grown until it now consists of five large CLEVELAND AND ITS ENVIRONS - 407 buildings, besides a complete lumber mill, the entire business covering thirty acres of ground in Lakewood. Two thousand persons are employed in the various departments, and it is easy to see that the business is one of the most important industries of Cleveland. His experience as apprentice, journeyman and manager extends over a period of more than half a century, and he is both a veteran manufacturer and manager of labor and all the resources and implements of industry. One of the remarkable features about the Theodor Kundtz Company is that it is a complete and self-sufficient organization so far as any business can be said to be that. As already stated, a complete sawmill plant is maintained, and it is probably the only woodworking concern in the state which handles the entire process from the wood in the logs to the finished output. The company even owns some extensive hardwood forests, while it maintains a force of expert log buyers and all the hardwood in the log is brought to the company's mills at Lakewood and there put through the first process in milling. The company also makes its own varnish. It was the pioneer in "laminated" woodwork, that is, in substituting "built up" for the solid wood and demonstrating the unlimited possibilities this process opens in increasing the efficiency of all kinds of woodwork, in cabinets for sewing machines as well as the most elaborate church furniture. What is known as plant No. 1, on Washington, Center, Elm and Winslow streets, was completed in 1887 and is entirely given over to the manufacture of sewing machine woodwork. Plant No. 2, near by, makes school desks and church furniture. Mr. Kundtz began making school desks about ten years ago at the request of 'a member of the board of education of Cleveland, who desired a home industry to furnish the needs of the Cleveland public schools. That led him naturally into the manufacture of church furniture, and he took over a plant of that nature, the Faulhahcr Church Furniture Company. Still another plant, No. 3, manufactures automobile bodies. In 1914 plant No. 5 was completed, being a combined office and factory building. Up to February, 1915, Theodor Kundtz conducted his business, extensive as it was, as an individual manager. On April 1st of that year the Theodor Kundtz Company was incorporated, with Mr. Theodore Kundtz as president and in complete control, even down to many of the minute details of manufacture. Mr. Kundtz has not only built up a big institution from a material point of view, but has carefully looked after the human side of manufacture. He has kept the plants safeguarded against fire and with all the modern safety devices. The company maintains a volunteer fire department and has a complete welfare department, the services of which are available to the employes not only during office hours, but also extends to the home and furnishes protection against all forms of exploitation. Mr. Kundtz is a member of the Cleveland Chamber of Commerce, the Chamber of Commerce of Lakewood, the Chamber of Industry. He is a life member of the Cleveland Chamber of Commerce. He also belongs to the Tippecanoe Club, is a republican voter and a member of St. Rose Church. At the present time he is a member of the mayor's advisory war board. He has always been public spirited and has worked without thought of self in behalf of everything that would bring about a greater and better City of Cleveland. The Theodor Kundtz residence at 13826 Lakewood Avenue is one of the finest in the city, especially in its interior finish. All the woodwork was made at the Kundtz factory, and in workmanship and quality is unsurpassed by that found in any private residence in the city. Mr. Kundtz married Mary Bal. lasch, who was born in Cleveland. Their children are: Theodor, Jr., vice president of the Theodor Kundtz Company ; Merie, wife of W. A. Tubinan, living at 1217 Giel Avenue, Lakewood, Mr. Tubman being purchasing agent for the company ; Ewald, a student in the Georgetown University at Washington, D. C.; Joseph, at the Western Military Academy at Alton, Illinois; Angela and Irene, attending Laurel School; and Leo, attending the Nottingham Convent of Cleveland. MANNING F. FISHER, president of the Fisher Brothers Company, retail grocers of Cleveland, is head of and has been largely instrumental in the upbuilding of Cleveland's largest and most complete organization to serve the public with provisions. Mr. Fisher had a long and thorough experience in different lines of the provision trade in the East before coming to Cleveland. In this city he joined his brother and together they established the firm of Fisher Brothers, retail grocers. Their first store was opened at the corner of West Forty-seventh Street 408 - CLEVELAND AND ITS ENVIRONS and Lorain Avenue. Every year since then has marked important increases and additions to their facilities. In 1910 the business was incorporated under the name of Fisher Brothers Company, with Manning F. Fisher as president and manager, and Joseph Salmon, who was manager of the first store, secretary and treasurer. This company now has and operates seventy-three retail grocery stores in the City of Cleveland. From a capital of $50,000 the amount invested and used in the work of this organization now represents a net value of $550,000. The prosperity of the firm is based upon sound and conservative business methods, but even more Upon a progressiveness which has enabled them to increase their facilities for service and sell and distribute goods at fair prices. In December, 1916, the firm inaugurated an important new business policy whereby they discontinued the very expensive delivery service which has always proved a burden upon the grocery trade, and upon consumers alike, and also at the time discontinued the issuance of trading stamps, and the results have been much lower prices at a time when that feature is particularly appreciated. Such a business requires an organization worked out to the last detail. The central feature of this organization is the large six-story and basement reinforced concrete, fireproof building which the company completed in February, 1916. This building is centrally located and has 90,000 square feet of floor space. It is not only used as a warehouse for the storage of goods prior to delivery to the retail stores, but also contains an immense bakery where all the bread sold at the various Fisher stores is manufactured. The plan of the building was worked out with careful regard for all the requirements of service and the situation is such as to facilitate both the receipt and delivery of goods. A private railway track furnishes access to and from the railroad system of the city. The company operates ten 5-ton Pierce-Arrow trucks for delivering goods to the stores and also five smaller trucks. When this firm went into business at Cleveland in 1907, four clerks were employed. At the present time 350 persons are employed to handle the manifold details of the service. Mr. Manning F. Fisher was born in Jersey City, New Jersey, December 8, 1863, a son of Manning F. and Harriet (Rittenhouse) Fisher. At the age of thirteen he left public schools to become an office boy with Wood ruff, Morris & Company, wholesale hatters of New York City. He was with that firm in every department, a careful, conscientious worker, for six years. The hat business was not destined to be a permanent fixture with him. On leaving this firm after six years he used his capital in opening a retail butter store in New York. The business grew rapidly, and he opened other stores until he had a chain of five butter stores in one quarter of New York City. This business he sold five years later and became department manager for James Butler, who at that time was proprietor of 150 retail grocery stores in New York City. Mr. Fisher remained with Mr. Butler as manager fifteen years, and after this extensive experience came west to Cleveland and built up the great organization above described. Mr. Fisher was president of the Cleveland Chamber of Industry during the year 1917, is a member of the Cleveland Chamber of Commerce, the Cleveland Yacht Club, Lakewood Chamber of Commerce, Automobile Club, and is vice chairman of one of the sub-committees of the mayor's war board. In religion he is a Protestant. At Bayonne, New Jersey, he married Miss Bertha Christie. They have four children: Britton, of Cleveland; Ellwood, a student in Dartmouth College; Harriet, a pupil in the West High School; and George, attending grammar school. DONALD A. LOFTUS is one of the live and enterprising young men who are handling a large and important share of the volume of real estate transactions in the Cleveland district. He is something of a specialist in allotment and subdivision work, and has had a successful experience at an age when most young men are just getting fairly started in business. Mr. Loftus was born in Cleveland, March 28, 1890, son of John A. Loftus. His father was born in Cleveland in 1866, grew up and married in the city, and was a railroad man with the Lake Shore & Michigan Southern, rising to the grade of conductor. He died at Cleveland in 1894, at the comparatively early age of twenty-eight. He was a member of the Catholic Church, of the Knights of St. John and the Knights of the Maccabees. The maiden name of his wife was Mary McGrath, who was born in County Clare, Ireland, in 1870 and is still living in Cleveland. Her children are: Alberta A., wife of Clarence CLEVELAND AND ITS ENVIRONS - 409 A. Clarke, a traveling salesman living at Detroit, Michigan; Mae, wife of H. J. Lewis, who is in the automobile business, with home on East One Hundred and Fifth Street in Cleveland; Donald A.; and Maude A., who died at the age of eighteen. Donald A. Loftus was educated in the public schools of Cleveland, but at the age of sixteen left high school to find his own opportunities and pay his own way in the world. For a couple of years he worked at the electrical engineering trade, and from that entered real estate. He is now secretary and treasurer of the Tuxedo Land Company, and is president of the Brook Park Realty Company. As a specialist in allotment and subdivision work, Mr. Loftus has platted at least 4.000 lots and has built a number of homes through his companies. His offices are in the Home Bank Building. Mr. Loftus is independent in politics and is a member of the Catholic Church and belongs to the Brooklyn-Parma-Royalton Civic Association. His home is on Phillips Avenue in Cleveland. In 1915, at Cleveland, he married Miss Esther D. Donovan, daughter of Cornelius A. and Mary (Nolan) Donovan. Her father is living in Cleveland and her mother is deceased. Mr. and Mrs. Loftus have one child, Jean F., born August 9, 1917. SFWARD B. McINTYRE, In considering the leading business houses of Cleveland, together with the city's most representative men, the Pike-Richmond Company, dealers in millinery, claims attention both because of its aide importance and sound business management and also because of the extended territory its trade relations cover. A progressive firm, it quickly took advantage of the first opportunity to secure a spacious business house constructed along modern lines, the first of the larger buildings put up here, and at present is quartered in the commodious structure at No. 323 Superier Street, where it occupies five floors and the basement. Soundly financed and conservatively conducted, this company well represents the substantial and far-reaching activities of commercial Cleveland. The able vice president of this company is Seward B. McIntyre, who was one of its organizers. Seward B. McIntyre was born at Bradford, Pennsylvania, August 15, 1880. His parents were Joseph and Rosins (Brady) McIntyre. His grandfather was born in the north of Scotland and came early to the State of New York and was a farmer in Chautauqua County. There Joseph McIntyre was born in 1845 and spent his early youth at Falconer, moving later to Tidioute, Pennsylvania. Shortly after his marriage he moved to Bradford, Pennsylvania, where he was interested in the oil fields as an oil well leaser until 1890, when he came to Cleveland. Here he engaged in a grocery business until his death in 1914. He was an honored veteran of the Civil war, having enlisted in 1861 in the Forty-Ninth New York Volunteer Infantry, and continued until the close of the war, participating in many of the most serious engagements, these including Chancellorsville, Cold Harbor and the Battle of the Wilderness. His brother James was killed at Chancellorsville, but he was permitted to return home practically unharmed, and lived to see his country on the brink of another great military struggle. In his earlier political life he was a republican, but later became a member of the prohibition party. The only fraternal organization with which he was connected was the K. O. T. M. For many years he was a member and constant attendant of the Euclid Avenue Methodist Episcopal Church. Joseph McIntyre was married to Rosina Brady, who was born in 1847 at Tidioute. Pennsylvania, and resides at Cleveland. They had four children: Grace, who is the wife of C. F. Laughlin, president of the Security Mortgage & Investment Company. Cleveland, in which city they reside; James, who lives on Linwood Avenue, Cleveland, is vice president of the Haserot Company; Seward B.; and Ruth, a lady of superior acquirements, who is curator of the Cleveland Art School. Seward B. McIntyre attended the public schools of Cleveland through his junior year in the high school, when he put aside his books in order to enter business life. He began with the millinery house of hart & Company and continued with that firm until 1910, when he went into business for himself, assisting in the organization of the Pike-Richmond Company, dealers in millinery, and has been vice president of the concern ever since. The present officers of the company are, in full : A. E. Pike, president; S. B. McIntyre, vice president: William Church, secretary ; and George Richmond, treasurer. The house handles millinery exclusively and leads all others in this line in this city. Through ample capital and excellent management its market has been so extended that it takes in Illinois, New York, Pennsylvania, Ohio, 410 - CLEVELAND AND ITS ENVIRONS West Virginia, Kentucky, Michigan, Indiana, and parts of the South. Mr. McIntyre was married in 1908, at Buffalo, New York, to Miss Anna Sheck. Her parents were Jacob and Louise (Burns) Sheck, the latter of whom resides at Bradford, Pennsylvania. The father of Mrs. McIntyre is now deceased, but formerly was a cabinetmaker in business at Buffalo, New York. Mr. and Mrs. McIntyre enjoy a beautiful home at No. 911 Parkway Road, a very hospitable one also, and they take part in the city's pleasant social life. He is identified with some of the leading social organizations, including the Cleveland Athletic, the Cleveland Yacht and the Willowick Country clubs. They are members of the Euclid Avenue Methodist Episcopal Church. A republican from principle, Mr. McIntyre has always been loyal to his party, while never being unduly active in the political field. He is looked upon as one of the city's sound, careful and conservative business men and has high standing both commercially and personally. DAVID C. GRIESE, who for many years was one of Cleveland's foremost building contractors, has latterly distributed his energies and talents among a number of important corporations, in which he holds posts of executive responsibility. For considerably more than half a century his name has been part of Cleveland's business history, especially in the building and contracting line. David C. Griese was born at Cleveland January 25, 1858. His father, Carl H., was a native of Holstein, Germany, grew up and received his education and was married in what was then a province of Denmark, and in 1850 came to Cleveland. Here he worked a time as a mason and carpenter, and gradually developed a business of his own as an architect and builder. As one of the early contractors he erected many of the fine mansions on Euclid Avenue. He continued contracting until his death. He married Marie Rassmusen. David C. Griese, one of nine children, attended Zion Evangelical German Lutheran School until 1871. His father gave him every incentive to secure a liberal education. He attended public schools one year, spent three years in Concordia College at Fort Wayne, Indiana, and in 1878 graduated from Northwestern University at Watertown, Wisconsin. Returning to Cleveland to begin his business career, Mr. Griese did not hesitate to subordinate his tastes formed by college life to working as an apprentice under his father in the contracting business. He secured a thorough and technical knowledge of every branch of the trade. In 1884 he and his brother Gottlieb formed the contracting firm of D. & G. Griese Company. This firm during its existence not only constructed many large buildings of Cleveland but did contracting on an extensive scale, handling many large contracts for the Government. They erected the Yonng Men's Christian Association Building at Cleveland and also the buildings of Fort Riley, in Kansas. In 1903 Mr. Griese's brother died and the firm then became the Griese & Walker Company, with Mr. Griese as president until 1913, when the firm was dissolved. In the meantime he had acquired numerous other associations with Cleveland industrial and business affairs. In 1890 he and associates organized the National Screw and Tack Company. He has since been a director in that business, and since 1917 vice president. He was also one of the organizers and is still a director of the National Acme Company. In 1915 Mr. Griese was a factor in organizing the Cleveland Motorcycle Manufacturing Company, of which he is vice president and director. He is a director and was one of the organizers of the Adams-Bagnall Electric Company and was also identified with the establishment of the Lake Shore Bank and Trust Company, but has since sold his interests in that business. Mr. Griese was reared in the Lutheran faith and has always been a member of that church. At Milwaukee, Wisconsin, in June, 1891, he married Miss Rosa Krahzlein. They are the parents of two sons and one daughter, the daughter being Mrs. J. Fred Dietz of Cincinnati. Eugene E., the oldest child, is a graduate of the Cleveland High School, the Spencerian Business College, and is now in the office of the National Screw and Tack Company. Elmer H., the second son, graduated from the high school, from Conover College, at Conover, North Carolina, and is now in the manufacturing department of the National Screw and Tack Company. RUDOLF ANGIER MALM is a young man whose name and abilities are getting increased recognition in Cleveland's financial circles. Without relying especially on circumstances or other people to do it for him, CLEVELAND AND ITS ENVIRONS - 411 Mr. Malm has been steadily promoting himself to better work, better rewards and better opportunities, until he is now assistant trust officer of one of Cleveland's foremost institutions, the Cleveland Trust Company. Mr. Malm has spent his life since early boyhood in Cleveland. He was born at Titusville, Pennsylvania, September 11, 1882, was brought to Cleveland at the age of nine years, finished his education in the grammar schools and graduated from high school in 1900, and since that year his business experience and connections have been constantly with the institution where he is found today. He began as office boy with the Western Reserve Company. Four years later, in 1904, the Western Reserve was consolidated with the Cleveland Trust Company. From office boy his next line of duty and responsibility was in the clearance department in handling a set of the commercial books. From that he went into the receiving cage and to the trust corporation department, and finally received his present duties as assistant trust officer. The Cleveland Trust Company is located in the building of that name at 916 Euclid Avenue. Mr. Malm is a son of L. Louis Maim, who lives at 1448 East One Hundred and Fifteenth Street in Cleveland. The father was born in Sweden December 15, 1852, and came to America a young unmarried man, locating at Titusville, Pennsylvania, where he found employment with the Titusville Gas Works. He practically grew up in that industry, and when it was under the direction and control of the late L. IL Severance, Louis Mahn was made superintendent at Titusville, and later for seven years was superintendent of the gas works at Marblehead, Massachusetts. In 1891 he came to Cleveland, and since that year has been superintendent of the Arcade. He is a republican and a very active member of the Swedish Lutheran Church. He keeps his Masonic membership in Marblehead Lodge. Ancient Free and Accepted Masons. L. Louis Maim married Wilhelmina Peterson, who was born in Cleveland in 1849. Their family consists of the following children: John Lawrence, a mining engineer at Denver, Colorado; Helen, wife of W. G. Oswald, an insurance man ; Rudolf A.; William E., who lives with his father and is assistant superintendent of the Arcade: Harold S.. an electrical engineer living at Cleveland; Royal D., who lives at Cleveland and is a civil enginers with the Standard Parts Works; Irma, a teacher in Minnesota; and Robert Douglas, who is now in the One Hundred and Thirty-fifth Field Artillery of the United States army. Mr. R. A. Malm is a republican voter, a member of the Cleveland Athletic Club and attends worship in the Park Congregational Church. His home is at 11409 Itasca Street of Cleveland. In 1904, in this city, he married Miss Clara Arnold, daughter of Philip and Catherine (Leuhr) Arnold, still living here. Her father is a retired baker. Mr. and Mrs. Malm have three young children : Webster A., born November 16, 1906; Marian Catherine, born March 17, 1910; and Janice Eleanor, born September 11, 1912. ALBERT GEGENHEIMER, president of the Gegenheimer Drug Company at 7043 Superior Avenue, was graduated Ph. G. from the School of Pharmacy of the Ohio Northern University at Ada in 1903. This technical training supplemented a practical experience in the drug business at Bucyrus, Ohio. In the fifteen years since graduating, Mr. Gegenheimer has made a notable advancement of his personal interests and has achieved a substantial place in business affairs at Cleveland. Coming to Cleveland in 1903, he went to work with the Stern Drug Company. The following year he acquired an interest in the business and became a member of the firm, and in 1914 bought the Stern interests in the store at 7043 Superior Avenue. In March of the same year he organized the Gegenheimer Drug Company, of which he is president and treasurer, L. A. Marshall, vice president, and P. E. Gegenheimer, secretary. Under his direction the business has grown to be one of the most important of its kind in that section of Cleveland. Mr. Gegenheimer enjoys much popularity among the members of the Northern Ohio Druggist Association and has served on various committees of that organization. He was born at Vermilion, Ohio, March 19, 1882. His grandfather, Philip Gegenheimer, was born in Germany in 1826, and seeking the opportunities of a land of freedom, came to America about the time of the revolution of the latter '40s. first locating in New York, and about 1857 moving to Vermilion, Ohio, in which locality he had opportunity to follow his trade as a ship builder. He died at Vermilion in 1898. Michael C. Gegenheimer, father of Albert P., was born at Yonkers, New York, in 1852, 412 - CLEVELAND AND ITS ENVIRONS and was about five years old when his parents moved to Vermilion, Ohio. He grew up and married there and that interesting Lake Erie town is still his home. For many years he has been engaged in the fishing industry on the lakes and owns a fishing boat and a complete outfit. He has also been honored with various offices of trust in his locality, having served as councilman and sanitary trustee of Vermilion. He is independent in politics and an active supporter of the Methodist Episcopal Church. Michael Gegenheimer married Anna Hageman, who was born in Black River Township of Lorain County, Ohio, in 1857. They are the parents of four children: Albert P.; Frank, in the insurance business at Marion, Ohio; Ralph, who died at the age of twenty years in Vermilion; and Maude E., still at home with her parents. Albert P. Gegenheimer graduated from the high school at Vermilion in 1899, and soon afterwards entered upon his active career as a druggist. He is independent in politics, and is a trustee of the Asbury Methodist Episcopal Church. His fraternal affiliations are with Cleveland City Lodge, Free and Accepted Masons; Mount Olive Chapter, Royal Arch Masons; Woodward Council, Royal and Select Masters; and Cleveland Lodge, No. 18, Benevolent and Protective Order of Elks. Mr. Gegenheimer owns his home at 1365 Addison Road. In 1907, at Vermilion, he married Miss Phoebe Ackerman, daughter of William H. and Emma (Witmer) Ackerman. Her parents reside in Vermilion, her father being a retired farmer. Mr. and Mrs. Gegenheimer have one son, Albert Frank, born March 2, 1910. DAVID R. JAMES represents a Cleveland family that for over half a century has been identified with industrial, and especially the iron and steel, interests of that city. Mr. James, who was born at Phoenixville, Pennsylvania, September 17, 1856, is a son of E. D. and Mary James. His parents moved to Cleveland in 1859 and his father was for several years in the employ of the old Cleveland Rolling Mill Company. This company, afterwards sent him to Chicago, where he remained until 1866, and on returning to Cleveland he, with James and Robert Paton and others, organized the Union Iron Works Company. This company built its plant on the site of the present Empire Rolling Mill Company. The father in 1878 retired from active service, and lived quietly in Cleveland until his death in 1911. David R. James was educated in Cleveland in the public schools and Spencerian Business College. At the age of eighteen he went to work, being employed as a clerk with the Union Iron Works Company until 1878. Following that he was with the Union Rolling Mill Company, but in 1899 he and associates organized the Empire Rolling Mill Company, and has been secretary, treasurer and director of that industry ever since. This is one of the big companies in Cleveland's industrial district, employing 700 men and manufacturing iron and steel bars and steel sheet. Besides this important business connection, Mr. James is chairman of the board of directors of the State Banking and Trust Company and vice president of the Provident Building and Loan Association of Cleveland, and is a director in the Upson Nut Company. He is a member of Euclid Lodge, No. 599, Free and Accepted Masons, and of McKinley Chapter of Royal Arch Masons, and in politics is a republican. At Cleveland, May 25, 1881, Mr. James married Miss Elizabeth Paton, daughter of James Paton. They have three sons: E. D. James is now a roll turner with the Empire Rolling Mills. W. P., the second son, is a clerk with the same company. Harry J., the youngest, was until recently a salesman with the Bourne-Fuller Company, but enlisted in Battery A of the One Hundred and Thirty-fifth Field Artillery and is now serving in France. JOHN A. PECK is president of the Peck Engraving Company, 2056 East Fourth Street. A resident of Cleveland all his life, and beginning his career in boyhood with no outside influences or help to promote him in the business world, he has won his way steadily to an independent and successful business career. Mr. Peck was born at Cleveland July 25, 1883. He is of Bohemian parentage, his father, still carrying the old Bohemian family name, is John A. Pechousek, who was born in Bohemia in 1860 and is still living in Cleveland. He was reared and educated in his native land and in 1881 came to the United States. He married in Cleveland, and practically ever since has been connected with the Grasselli Chemical Company in their Cleveland plant. After becoming an Ameri- CLEVELAND AND ITS ENVIRONS - 413 can citizen he allied himself with the democratic party and is one of the old line men of that party faith. He married Mary Berenda who was born in 1858, also in Bohemia. Their family consists of the following children: John A.; Joseph, who is advertising manager for the Peck Engraving Company, is an attorney at law; James, who was plate printer for his brother John and died at the age of twenty-three: Mary, wife of Joseph Effinger, superintendent of the core rooms of the Henry Miller Foundries at Canton, Ohio; Sylvia, who died at the age of two years; Josephine, wife of Frank Levy, an employe of the McKinney Steel Company at Cleveland; and a twin sister of Josephine, who died five days after birth. John A. Peck remained in the public schools of Cleveland only until he had finished grammar grades. He left school a little before he was fourteen and most of his education since then has come through practical apprenticeship, while during the last four years he has taken correspondence work with the Alexander Hamilton Institute of New York, specializing in general business principles. On leaving school Mr. Peck went to work for the Chickory Works of Cleveland, and was with that plant two and a half years. For six months following he was a typesetter in a printing plant, and then went with Cowell & Hubbard Company, beginning as errand boy, and remained with them about four years. While there he learned the steel die and plate printing work. When the firm burned out Mr. Peck went with Burrows Brothers for several months and then for a year was with Rahn & Company, successors of the Cowell & Hubbard Company. At the end of a year he bought an interest in the business and still later acquired another interest and finally reorganized the business as the Trade Engraving Company, of which he was president until 1911. In that year he sold and retired, and then contracted one year of his time with Burrows Brothers Company. Mr. Peck established the Peck Engraving Company in 1912, a corporation whose officers are: John A. Peck, president; John Pechousek, his father, vice president ; Charles A. Prochaska, secretary; and William A. Wilson, treasurer. This company specializes in steel engraved stationery, especially letterheads and business cards, and has succeeded in developing a large custom all over the Middle West, practically throughout the territory east of New York City, west to Chicago and south to the Ohio River. It enjoys the highest standing among engraving firms, and is a business which at the present time requires the services of thirty-two hands. On September 1, 1916, the Peck Engraving Company bought out the Whedon Company, successors to the Trade Engraving Company. Mr. Peck is a member of the Cleveland Chamber of Commerce, of the National Association of Copper Plate Printers and Engravers, is an independent in politics and a member of Palacky Lodge of Knights of Pythias. His home is at 1125 East One Hundred and Fourteenth Street. June 7, 1905, at Cleveland, Mr. Peck married Miss Rose Kalina, daughter of Joseph and Mary Kalina. the latter now deceased. Her father is a pattern maker for the Eberhard Manufacturing Company of Cleveland. Mr. and Mrs. Peck have two children: Blanche, born March 30, 1906; and Charles, born January 13, 1917. MICHAEL, C. KEATING. The successive promotions and stages of service are not merely an indication but a proof that Michael C. Keating from youth up has been sustained and propelled forward by a vital and definite purpose and wholesome ambition to make the best of his talents, to render services in proportion to his abilities, and to do good both for himself and for others. Mr. Keating is a native of Cleveland, born November 30, 1878, and his father died in the same year. This alone was an event which made it practically inevitable that he would be forced out upon his own resources at the earliest possible age. His education was confined to a few years in parochial schools of Cleveland. At thirteen he left school and went to work for the Cleveland Provision Company. He was with them four years and then entered the service of the Big Four Railway Company, beginning as office boy, and was finally promoted to clerk of the yards. Leaving them, he was a city employe four years, and in 1906 got into his permanent line of business, the oil industry, as superintendent of the plant of the Phoenix Oil Company at West Fifth Street. He was there nine years and then became a partner with T. R. Walsh in the Acme Petroleum Oil Company, in which he is now one of the managing partners and superintendent of the plant and offices at West Fifty-sixth Street and the Wheeling & Lake Erie Railway. This brief outline is sufficient indication 414 - CLEVELAND AND ITS ENVIRONS that Mr. Keating has failed to grasp very few opportunities as he went along, and being only forty years of age still has the promise of great usefulness and prosperity before him. His father, Michael Keating, was born in Canada in 1843, came to Cleveland about 1863, entered the railway service of the Big Four Railway Company, and was killed in railroad work in 1878, the same year his son Michael C. was born. He voted as a democrat and was a member of the Catholic Church. He married Abigail Sullivan, who was born in County Cork, Ireland, in 1851, and was three years of age in 1854 when brought to Cleveland by her parents, Timothy and Mary. (Murphy) Sullivan, both of whom were natives of County Cork, Ireland. The Sullivan family on coming to Cleveland were kept up as a family by the father's efforts as a laborer. While he was cutting ice on the Cuyahoga River he was seriously injured and incapacited for further heavy work, and after that he kept cows and operated a small dairy and milk route. Michael C. Keating's mother died in Cleveland in October, 1914. She was the mother of a son that died at the age of two years, and a daughter, Mary, who is a maiden lady and keeps house for her younger brother, Michael C., at 3908 Bridge Avenue. Michael C. Keating, who is unmarried, is an independent democrat in politics, is a member of the Catholic Church, and is affiliated with Forest City Council, Knights of Columbus. THOMAS R.. WALSH, a partner and active participant in the Acme Petroleum Products Company of Cleveland, was born at Buffalo, New York, January 1, 1881. His father, John R. Walsh, born in County Waterford, Ireland, in 1846, grew up in his native country, and in 1871, as a young man, came to the United States and located at Buffalo, New York, where he married and where for a number of years he kept his headquarters while following the business of traveling salesman. In 1882 he removed to Cleveland and traveled out of this city until his death in 1913. He was an independent republican and an active Catholic. He married Ellen O'Connell, who was born ill 1847 in County Waterford, Ireland, and is still living in Cleveland. Their family of children are: John J., with the Acme Petroleum Products Company at Cleveland: Thomas R.; Emma, unmarried and a teacher in the public schools of Cleveland; Joseph D., who is an officer in United States army service; Cora, wife of Charles Tanner, connected with the Aetna Life Insurance Company at Cleveland. Thomas R. Walsh was about one year old when the family came to Cleveland, was educated here in the public schools, graduating from Central High School in 1898. Practically ever since he left high school he has been connected with the oil industry and almost wholly as a salesman. He and Mr. Michael C. Keating together established the Acme Petroleum Products Company, one of the important industries of Cleveland, of which Mr. Walsh is general manager. He is also a stockholder in the Cleveland Worsted Mill, in the Cleveland Railway Company and is president of the Henry Sales Company, a business handling oil and grease products. Mr. Walsh, who is unmarried, is a member of the Catholic Church, of Cleveland Lodge No. 18, Benevolent and Protective Order of Elks, votes independently, and resides at 1432 West Oue Hundred and Twelfth Street. VALERIUS D. ANDERSON justly earned a niche of fame among the creative workers and inventors of American industrial genius. He never realized the benefits from some of the best fruits of his inventive skill, but finally combined and capitalized his inventions and with the aid of his sons established what is still a great and growing industry in the city of Cleveland, known as the V. D. Anderson Company, one of the largest and most important manufacturing plants on the West Side of the city. This American inventor and manufacturer was born in a small factory town in Massachusetts December 3, 1831. He died at his home on Fifty-fourth Street, Northwest, in Cleveland, January 22, 1906, at the age of seventy-five. He gave practically a lifetime to useful and honored toil, to the devising and perfecting of a series of inventions now used in every part of the world, many of which have served to lighten the burden of human toil and increase manifold the efficiency of industrial life. His native town was Ware. His father, Orlin Anderson, was a dyer for cotton mills in the East at a time when it was customary for the mills to let out such work by contract. Orlin Anderson and wife spent most of their lives in Ware. The former was born in Scotland and the latter at Shawville, Mass., a place named in honor of her father, who CLEVELAND AND ITS ENVIRONS - 415 had settled there from the north of Ireland and was a man of much prominence in that locality. When only seven years old Valerius D. Anderson was sent to work in one of the village factories. When not employed on his routine duties he was allowed to go to school until about the age of twelve. By constant reading and study he educated himself to a degree so that few ever knew the early limitations of his opportunities. At the age of twelve he was bound out to learn the machinist's trade and also the tinner's trade. At the age of eighteen he started out as a journeyman, and at Meriden, Conn., hired as a foreman to a large tinware manufacturing company. He was promoted to superintendent of the plant. It was while with this concern that the young man gave his first pronounced indications of inventive genius. A customer had placed with the firm the plans of a radiator for which he desired a model. When he called for the model he found that his own ideas had been so far outdone by those incorporated in the design by young Anderson that he immediately hurried with the model to Washington and secured patents that eventually brought him a fortune. In the fall of 1854 Mr. Anderson married Miss Lydia Ann Root. They had celebrated their golden wedding anniversary two years before his death. The year after their marriage they went to Janesville, Wis. For a year he worked at his trade of tinsmith and thriftily saved enough to go into business for himself. About that time he invented a steam cooker, which he called a farm steamer. It was a device for cooking cattle food so as to provide a warm and nutritious food and at the same time greatly increase the milk and butter production during the winter months. These steamers came into rapid popularity and their sale was such as to give promise of Mr. Anderson becoming one of the wealthy men of his community. In 1869 he moved his plant to Kewanee, Ill., and while there some local bankers induced him to form a stock company. Within a year the management of the business had been so directed that the inventor lost practically all he had. In 1872 Mr. Anderson removed to Ohio and located at Springfield. Here he joined a company to manufacture a pipe boiler which he had invented. This business grew with great prosperity, but owing to lack of capital the boiler was not manufactured extensively. Vol. III-27 About that time Mr. Anderson took his sons into partnership, under the firm name of V. D. Anderson & Sons, and four years later they incorporated the business. Mr. Anderson came to Cleveland in 1880. He had his first office in his own home on the East Side, while his inventions were manufactured at the Variety Iron Works. Later, as circumstances permitted, he built his factory on the West Side in 1892. That plant has continued to grow and flourish and is one of the big enterprises on the West Side. Mr. Anderson was a resident of Cleveland for over twenty years. He continued as the active head and president of the company until his death. The V. D. Anderson Company manufactures an extensive line of steam traps, driers, oil and moisture expellers, oil filters, steam and oil separators, water columns, and other devices, all of which were invented and perfected by the late V. D. Anderson. The plant now specializes in some wonderful oil mill machinery which was perfected and brought to its present efficiency by Mr. Anderson a short time before his death. This machinery is of more than ordinary interest to the public. It introduces a new process into the methods of extracting oils from seed, which for many years had been by the slow and costly hydraulic process. The Anderson oil expellers are practically automatic and extract the oil. by a pressure process, resulting not only in greatly simplified operation but also in a better quality of oil. These machines have been extensively installed all over the United States and in foreign countries, and many of the edible vegetable oils as well as lubricating and other oils made from seeds are manufactured by the Anderson process. Within the last two or three years the American public has come to appreciate the wide range of use for various vegetable oils, many of which are familiar articles of diet in every household. Thus the Anderson machines are a factor in making such products as corn oil, peanut oil, cocoanut oil, cottonseed oil, as well as many other vegetable oils, including linseed oil, so extensively used in the manufacture of paints and varnishes. The home of the Anderson products is at West Ninety-sixth Street and the Nickel Plate Railroad. The active men in charge of the business are sons of Mr. Anderson, who was survived by his widow and four sons. The sons are all married and are among the substantial business men of Cleveland. In order 416 - CLEVELAND AND ITS ENVIRONS of age their names are C. O., F. B., A. D. and F. V. O. Anderson is president, F. B. Anderson is vice president, and A. D. Anderson is secretary and treasurer of the company, and the other son also has financial interests in the business. When V. D. Anderson came to Cleveland he was first affiliated with the Plymouth Congregational Church, but on moving to the West Side became a member of the First Congregational Church. He contributed generously of his means toward the support of this church and its various causes, and the church book shows a picture of Mr. Anderson. He was also a member of the Masonic Order and a charter member Meriden Chapter, Royal Arch Masons, of Meriden, Connecticut. During the Civil war he was in the Home Guards, and tried to enlist for regular service, but was rejected on account of physical disability. For all the usefulness and value of his ideas and work, V. D. Anderson never sought and rather avoided the public attention which would have been his just due. He was very retiring, and practically divided all his time between his home and family and his business. EMANUEL LEVISON. Every modern boy has a desire at some time to work and experiment with electrical apparatus, but Emanuel Levison, owner and proprietor of the Electrical Repairing and Engineering Company at 708 Vincent Avenue, turned his boyish inclination into a resolute and fixed purpose to perfect himself in the highest degree in electrical skill and as an electrical engineer, and on the basis of his profession he has built up one of the considerable industries of this city. Mr. Levison was born at Chicago, Illinois, April 5, 1880. His father, Philip Levison, born at Liverpool, England, in 1856, accompanied his parents to the United States in 1864. The family settled in Chicago, where Philip Levison grew up and married. He was there during the great fire of 1871. He became a lamp manufacturer, starting in a small shop in a basement and gradually extending the business until he had forty-five hands working for him. Moving to Cleveland in 1901, Mr. Levison engaged in the grocery business, but for sixteen years was employed by the city government as plumbing inspector, and was in the faithful performance of those duties when he died in 1908. He was a republican, a member of the Masonic Order, Knights of Pythias, and Royal Arcanum. Philip Levison married. Henrietta Cohen. She was born at Cleveland in 1857 and died in this city in 1901. Her father, Rev. G. M. Cohen, was widely known in Cleveland as a rabbi. Born in Germany, he came to the United States as young man, settled in Cleveland, was ordained to the ministry of the Hebrew Church, and founded the first Jewish Reformed Church on Scoville Avenue, at the corner of Henry Street. Among other things for which lie is remembered is his innovation in paying a choir of singers. He was a man of many talents and abilities, was a composer of music and was an amateur astronomer. Philip Levison and wife had five children : Emanuel; Samuel, a plumber at Akron, Ohio; Carroll, in the electrical business at Cleveland : Lillian, wife of Nicholas Goodman, a traveling salesman with home on Chesterfield Avenue in Cleveland; and Anna, who is unmarried and is employed by the J. B. Pearce Company as a billing clerk. Emanuel Levison was educated in the public schools of Chicago and Cleveland. His formal work in public school ended when he was about fifteen years old. He served a thorough apprenticeship of about five years in the electrical trade, and while earning his living by practical work he also attended courses of the Central Institute, specializing in electrical engineering, mechanical drawing and mathematics. He graduated from the Institute in 1900. He finished his apprenticeship with the Cleveland Armature Works, and was also employed by the E. & C. Electrical Company. After his apprenticeship he was foreman of the Electric Repairing Construction Company three years and was then superintendent of the Phoenix Electric Company at Mansfield, Ohio, two years. March 15, 1906, Mr. Levison established the Electrical Repairing and Engineering Company at 708 Vincent Avenue. He has the organization and facilities for all classes of repair work on electrical machinery, is an expert designer and builder of electrical apparatus, and has developed the business to a point where its services are now in demand throughout the City of Cleveland and surrounding territory. Mr. Levison is an independent republican in matters of politics. His home is at 11512 Ohlman Avenue. He married at Niagara Falls, New York, in 1904, Miss Clementine Laird, daughter of William and Mary (Myers) Laird. Her parents were Ohio farmers CLEVELAND AND ITS ENVIRONS - 417 and both died at Mansfield. Mr. and Mrs. hevison have two children: Philip Laird, born January 31, 1906, and Marion Sue, born February 5, 1917. ALFRED TADLOO since early manhood and in fact since boyhood has been a follower of the art preservative of all arts. He is well known in printing circles in Cleveland, where he has lived for a number of years, and is now secretary of the Prompt Printing Company at 1421 West Twenty-sixth Street. Mr. Tadloo was born at London, England, November 26, 1870. His father, Edward Tadloo, was born in London in 1847 and spent his life there, a butcher by trade, until his death in 1912. He was a member of the Established Church of England. He married Mary Elizabeth Crowley, who was born in London in 1850 and died in that city in 1914. They had four children, Alfred being the only one in America. George Albert, the second in age, died in childhood. Elizabeth and Florence both live in London, the latter unmarried. Alfred Tadloo was educated in a London grammar school, but at the age of fourteen became a printer's apprentice, and thoroughly learned the trade in the world's metropolis. In 1893, at the age of twenty-three, he came to America and followed his trade at Toronto, Canada, until 1895, when he removed to Cleveland. Here his record of experience was five years with the Gilman Printing Company, seven years in the printing offices of the Cleveland Plain Dealer, and two years with the Cleveland Leader. In 1908 he joined the Prompt Printing Company, and has been secretary of that business, which is jobbing and general commercial printing for the entire Cleveland territory. George F. Hart is president of the company, Fred C. Dawson is vice president, Mr. Tadloo, secretary, and Harry S. Hart, treasurer. Mr. Tadloo is also a stockholder in the Templars Motor Company and in the Financial Commonwealth of New York. He is independent in politics, and is affiliated with Lakewood Lodge of Masons. Mr. Tadloo owns a modern home built in 1908 at 1490 Lakeland Avenue in Lakewood. Before coming to America, in 1890, he married at London, England, Bessie Ireton, daughter of William and Mary Ireton. Her mother is still living at Kent, England. Her father was a butcher. Mrs. Tadloo died at Cleveland in 1907, leaving no children. JUDGE STEVENSON BURKE. When thirty years ago an eminent Englishman was pursuing his studies of American institutions and its people, one of the interesting distinctions he drew between the bar of this country and that of England is the pronounced tendency of successful American lawyers to pass beyond the strict boundaries of their profession and assume the responsibilities of business and executive administration. One of the individual cases he may have had in mind when making this deduction was that of the late Judge Stevenson Burke of Cleveland. Stevenson Burke was one of the really great lawyers of Ohio during the last century and his brilliant intellectual talents and deep and comprehensive knowledge of law gave him a standing among the foremost lawyers of his day in the nation. But business organization and finance, and particularly the realm of railway operation and control, might full well have claimed him as a master mind and guiding spirit in that field. To describe all the experiences which developed his extraordinary talents and do more than suggest the achievements which are credited to his life is manifestly beyond the scope of the present article, which is intended as a brief memorial to one of the most eminent of Cleveland's citizens. Even within the limits imposed the record is not lacking in inspiration, since it is the story of an American youth in a rural community who by sheer force of intellect, will and energy attains some of the greatest prizes of life. He was born in St. Lawrence County, New York, November 26, 1826, and when he was eight years old his parents moved to North Ridgeville, Lorain County, Ohio. At the age of six he had mastered the old English readers and at eight had read Pope's Essay on Man. For the development of such an eager intellect the environment in which he was reared in a pioneer community of Ohio was admirable, since it called forth also the best of his physical powers, and developed strength of body, a practical readiness for the material emergencies, and promoted a harmonious development of every faculty. The home in which he was reared was one of modest means and simple comforts and there was no surplus wealth which could be bestowed upon the education of its children beyond the common schools. Stevenson Burke at the age of seventeen became a teacher. That vocation and other work supplied most of the money which he invested in 418 - CLEVELAND AND ITS ENVIRONS a higher education. In 1846 he entered the Ohio Wesleyan University at Delaware, but was unable to complete the regular literary course. He studied law privately and in law offices, and in August, 1848, was admitted to the bar. His first associate was his former preceptor, Horace D. Clark, at Elyria. lie was then twenty-two years of age. Little need be said concerning his early experiences beyond the fact that at the age of twenty-six his law practice exceeded that of any other attorney in Lorain County. All the big cases in the local courts employed him either on one side or the other, and he was counsel in nearly every case taken to the Supreme Court. For over twenty years he continued to practice in Lorain County, and much credit for his achievements has always been claimed by that county. A recent history of Lorain County Bench and Bar refers to the first decade of his practice as "one of industry, ceaseless labor, continuous progress and impairing health." As a judicial position was less wearing, says the same account, his friends secured his election to a judgeship of the Court of Common Pleas of the Fourth Judicial District, which he held from February, 1862, to January, 1869, having been re-elected for a second term, but resigning after two years to resume private practice. Judge Burke left the bench to come to Cleveland in 1869, and here became associated with other men whose names have long stood high in the local profession. His first partnership was with Hon. F. T. Backus and E. J. Estep. Later he also practiced with W. B. Sanders and J. E. Ingersoll. From the first he took high standing among the leading lawyers of Northern Ohio, carrying much important litigation before the Supreme Court of the state and other states, and also the Federal Supreme Court. But it was his early experiences as attorney and counsel for railway interests that developed his genius and gave him the reputation which he held until his death, that "there was no man in Ohio more prominent as a ,corporation lawyer or executive than Judge Burke." From 1872 to 1880 he served as general counsel and director of the Cleveland & Mahoning Valley Railway Company, and during a portion of that period as its president. From 1875 to 1881 he was general counsel and director of the Cleveland, Columbus, Cincinnati & Indianapolis Railway, and became its president in 1886. From 1881 to 1886 he was also president of the Columbus, Hocking Valley & Toledo Railway Company, and during most of that period vice president of the Indianapolis & St. Louis Railway. After 1886 he was president of the Toledo & Ohio Central and Kanawha & Michigan, and from 1894 until his death was president of the Central Ontario Railway Company. He was also a director of the Cincinnati, Hamilton & Dayton, the Cincinnati, Hamilton & Indianapolis, the New York, Chicago & St. Louis. Under the terrific impulse of war necessities, American railways are now combined as an operating unit. The greater interest is therefore felt in the earlier movements toward railway consolidation, and while his genius did not extend over as large a field as that embraced by the late Mr. Harriman and others, who were more distinctly railway financiers, Judge Burke undoubtedly carried out some of the most important railway consolidations in his time, and effected them on a basis of operating efficiency and economy rather than from the standpoint of financial profits alone. He supplied both the legal plan and the business skill which brought about the amalgamation of a number of weaker lines with the Columbus, Hocking Valley & Toledo Railroad. When that task was successfully completed he took an active part in the management of the company and was president, vice president and really represented the financial genius of the whole enterprise. It was Stevenson Burke who conducted for William H. Vanderbilt the negotiations which resulted in the purchase of the New York, Chicago & St. Louis Railway, known as the Nickel Plate. Besides his well earned fame as a railway executive and owner, Judge Burke many times represented railway corporations in some of the leading cases of the time, and succeeded in advancing and establishing many precedents which are still valid in railway and corporation law. Naturally his business interests took a very wide scope. He was an important stockholder and president of the Canadian Copper Company, a concern which owned the largest nickel mines in the world, and furnished enormous quantities of material used in the construction of the nickel steel armor manufactured for the United States Government. It was said of Judge Burke that "he was one of the few men endowed with a capacity to mould surrounding circumstances to suit CLEVELAND AND ITS ENVIRONS - 419 his purposes." If he had that power to an unusual degree it was because the force that was in him was cultivated and guided by a character of inflexible integrity and a constant determination to do those things that are just and right as between himself and his fellow men. His intimate associates realized that there was more than a mere profession in his oft-repeated assertion that "to do right was the greatest achievement." While so much of his time was taken up in constructive enterprise his life meant much to Cleveland. Perhaps the most concise and thoroughly merited tribute to his career is found in the following sentences taken from the Resolutions of the Cleveland Bar Association : "For more than fifty years Judge Burke has been a conspicuous and commanding figure in the law. While his early training and later studies and labors made of him a broadly cultured gentleman with an active interest in the literature and the arts, the characteristic thought of him brings at once and always to mind the enormous energy of the man and the vigorous, rugged strength of his mind. By nature he was aggressively earnest in everything he undertook. At the time of removing to Cleveland he almost at once entered upon a legal career that has had no parallel in the bar of Ohio. He participated in many cases involving vast interests and conducted all with such striking ability that his reputation soon passed the bounds of his home city and state and gave him almost national fame. While his later years were devoted more to his private interests, he nevertheless remained prominent in the community as a great lawyer as well as a man of affairs and a man in whom the bar of the country had continuing pride to the time of his death. While the weighty interests he had in hand continuously throughout his long career prevented his participation to a great extent in social affairs, he was, nevertheless, a man whom those who knew him well found most cordial, friendly and entertaining. He entertained his intimate friends in a charming manner and left impressions of his social character that always drew one nearer to him. He was a man to be admired, a man to be honored, and a man whose example at the bar and on the bench as well as in private life ought to be followed. He always showed respect for the bench. He stood as an American citizen absolutely kingly in the deportment of his own life. He formed his opinions without fear or favor, and there was something so noble, so masterful in his utter independence that it made the deference he always showed the court the more noble and the more glorious." April 28, 1849, Mr. Burke married Miss Parthenia Poppleton, daughter of Rev. Samuel Poppleton, of Richland County, Ohio. She died April 7, 1878. June 22, 1882, Judge Burke married Mrs. Ella M. Southworth, of Clinton, New York, oldest (laughter of Henry C. Beebe. Mr. and Mrs. Burke had a similarity of tastes that made theirs a particularly happy home life. Mrs. Burke is one of the -prominent women of Cleveland today, has been very active in charitable and other good works, and has shown an especial interest in the Cleveland School of Art, of which she has served as president of the board of trustees. Cleveland is indebted to Mrs. Burke for the beautiful School of Art, for it was through her ceaseless energy that the Art Building adjoins the beautiful Magnolia and Juniper Drive, in which Judge Burke was a liberal supporter. He was in sympathy with Mrs. Burke in her every endeavor. She is also a member of the Daughters of the American Revolution and of the Second Presbyterian Church of Cleveland. MICHAEL F. KEARNS is auditor of the hake Shore Banking & Trust Company, a well known Cleveland financial institution at Huron Road and Prospect Avenue. Though a young man, he has had over fifteen years of practical banking experience and training. Mr. Kearns was born in Sharon, Pennsylvania, July 27, 1882, and represents the third generation of the Kearns family in America, the original home having been Ireland. The father, John F. Kearns, was born in New York state in 1858, was reared in Pennsylvania, married at Sharon, and VMS connected with some of the steel works in that industrial city. About 1887 he moved to Youngstown, Ohio, and was in business there. He died at Youngstown in 1901. He married Nora Buckley, who was born at Ebervale in Wales in 1862, and is still living at Youngstown. Michael F. is the oldest of their children. The others are: Elizabeth, Eugene F., Nora, Margaret and Loretto, all of Youngstown ; and, Ted G. with the marines at Paris Island, South Carolina, and John F., who is with the American Expeditionary Forces in France. Michael F. Kearns was educated in parochial schools at Youngstown and for three years was a student in Canisius College at 420 - CLEVELAND AND ITS ENVIRONS Buffalo. In 1901, at the age of nineteen, he became connected with the Dollar Savings & Trust. Company of Youngstown, and was with that institution for nine years in various capacities and increasing responsibilites. The following three years he was examiner with the State Banking Department of Ohio, and in 1915 came with the Lake Shore Banking & Trust Company of Cleveland as auditor. Mr. Kearns is independent in politics. He is a member of the Catholic Church, and is affiliated with several Cleveland societies. In November, 1909, at Youngstown, he married Miss Grace Mullaly, daughter of Con E. and Anna (Sullivan) Mullaly. Mr. and Mrs. Kearns have two children, Neil, born sin 1911, and Anna Louise, born in 1915. ROBERT HORSBURGH. For its numerous distinctions in the industrial and manufacturing world Cleveland owes credit to many men and organizations that have closed this city as the goal of their enterprise. While it is by no means one of the largest of the city's industries, the Horsburgh Forge Company at 17301 St. Clair Avenue has an importance and value all its own and represents a mature achievement of the man whose life has been practically spent in mechanical industry. The Horsburgh Forge Company was established in 1880 by Robert Horsburgh. At that time it consisted of a small shop on Canal Street. Later it was moved to another location on Hamilton Avenue, and supplied an expert blacksmithing service for about twenty-four years. In 1916 Mr. Horsburgh organized the Ilorsbiirgh Forge Company, which has the personnel and facilities for doing all kinds of iron and steel forging, especially the type known as heavy forgings. This in-eludes machinery forgings, rough machined, finished machined and the company's output includes such finished products as engine shafts, crank shafts, connecting rods, piston rods, spindles, die blocks, welded rings, etc. At the present time much of this work is done under Government supervision and ent?rs into ship construction. The officers of the company are: Robert Horsburgh, president; Richard Tappenden, vice president ; and John H. Horsburgh, secretary and treasurer. The plant gives employment to 100 men. The executive head and founder of the business is a native Scotchman, who learned his trade in Glasgow and has been an Ameri can resident just fifty years. He had a varied experience as a railway blacksmith in different sections of the West before coming to Cleveland in 1871. FREDERICK MUHLHAUSER was for a period of twenty-five years one of Cleveland's most prominent business men. But his range of activities were not confined to business, but extended to civic and philanthropic objects of the most liberal character, and with many of the movements set in motion while Cleveland was struggling for a position among the great cities of the country he was most actively and usefully identified. He was born at Berne, Switzerland, March 9, 1841, and when seven years of age was brought to the United States by his father. He grew up and received his education in the East, and at the outbreak of the Civil war joined the Union army as a drummer boy. Before he was twenty years of age he was promoted to captain of Company B of the Twenty-third Maryland Infantry, and was in active service until the close of hostilities. One of the incidents of the war which he took the greatest satisfaction in recalling was his appointment as one of Lincoln's body guard at the time of the second inauguration. In 1867 Mr. Muhlhauser came to Cleveland, and three years later established the Northern Ohio Woolen Mills, of which he was the active head, and through its upbuilding gave Cleveland a most substantial industry. In his later years he suffered much from ill health and a short time before his death had made an extensive tour of Germany, Switzerland and France for the purpose of recuperation. Two weeks after his return from abroad he died at his home in Cleveland, November 1, 1893, lacking one month of being fifty-two years of age. Mr. Muhlhauser was at one time a member of the Cleveland Board of Education, and while connected with that body played a prominent part in building the old Central High School and also the Walton School. When the Board of Aldermen was in existence he was one of its members, and was also a member of the Board of Trade, served as president of the Board of Industry, was president of the People's Building and Loan Association, and the founder of the Pearl Street Savings & Trust Company. It was as a tribute to a man who had carried such heavy burdens in business and civic life that after CLEVELAND AND ITS ENVIRONS - 421 his death he was honored by one of the largest funerals ever seen up to that time in Cleveland. In Cleveland, Ohio, Mr. Muhlhauser married Miss Antoinette Kahnheimer. They were for many years closely, associated in their philanthropic and benevolent work and both were prominent socially. Mrs. Muhlhauser died at Cleveland December 22, 1909, at the age of sixty-one. During her life she contributed her means and effective work not only to the regularly organized charities, but also gave much to those whose needs she knew. So quietly was her philanthropic enterprise carried on that even her children did not know the extent of her giving until after her death. Mr. and Mrs. Frederick Muhlhauser were survived by eight children: Sigmund, Samuel, Sophie, Helen, Adolph, Benjamin, William and Frank, six of whom are living. FRANK MUHLHAUSER, attorney at law with offices in the Engineers Building, has in the few years since his admission to the bar gained special prominence in realty law and general financial circles, and is one of the men most often called upon for co-operation with the larger public movements of the city. Mr. Muhlhauser is a native of Cleveland, where he was born November 16, 1887, a son of the late Frederick and Antoinette Muhlhauser. Of his father further information will be found on other pages of this publication. Mr. Muhlhauser had a liberal education as the basis of his professional attainments. having attended the Lincoln High School of Cleveland and studied law in the Cleveland Law School of Baldwin-Wallace University. He graduated and received his degree Bachelor of Laws from that school in 1910. In the same year he was admitted to the bar and has since carried a self-sustaining position in the law. The larger part of his time and energies have been devoted to real estate law and to drawing up long time leases where his knowledge and experience constitute him a skillful authority. Mr. Muhlhauser was a member of the law firm of Hedley & Muhlhauser until 1913, since which time he has been alone in practice. He is also president of the Mnhlhauser Company of New York, is a trustee of the Play House Company, and secretary of the Scott-Ullman Company of Cleveland. Recently Mr. Muhlhauser was chosen as a district representative of the Industrial Service Department of the United States Shipping Board. He has charge of all the industrial relations and activities for the ship yards in the Great Lakes District, which extends from Buffalo to Duluth. In this capacity he has developed new methods of securing, training and retaining the men to build the ships for the United States Shipping Board. Mr. Muhlhauser has been called to Washington frequently for his advice and has made two extended trips to the Pacific Coast to develop similar work for the United States Shipping Board. Mr. Muhlhauser was also one of the founders of the Boys' Working Camps under the War Board and the State-City Labor Exchange. He is a member of the Cleveland Bar and the Ohio State Bar Association, of the Cleveland Chamber of Commerce, being on its Industrial Welfare Committee, is a trustee of the Cleveland Music School Settlement, a trustee of the Co-operative Employment Bureau, a trustee of the Educational Alliance, and of the Legal Aid Society, a member of the Legislative Committee of the Consumers' League, and is a member and trustee of the Euclid Avenue Temple. Mr. Muhlhauser is well known socially, a member of the Excelsior Club, trustee of the Oakwood Club, member of the Cleveland Automobile Club, and finds his recreation from law work in the game of golf. He is also a member of the Civic League and City Club. April 5, 1911, at Cleveland, Mr. Muhlhauser married Miss Elsa B. Levi, of Cleveland. They have two children, John Frederick and Lois. Mrs. Muhlhauser is representative of the Secretary of the Treasury as chairman of the Ohio Woman's Liberty Loan Committee. She is secretary of the woman's suffrage party, a trustee of the Consumers' League, is first vice chairman of the Woman's War Committee, is chairman of Finance Committee of the Woman's City Club, is member and trustee of the Board of Woman's Protective Association, a trustee of the Martha House, and altogether is one of Cleveland's most active women in social, philanthropic and civic affairs. J. FREMONT GRIFFITH has for over twenty years been identified with one of the larger firms in the country manufacturing sewing 422 - CLEVELAND AND ITS ENVIRONS machines, and came some years ago to Cleveland with the A. G. Mason Manufacturing Company on the removal of their headquarters from Chicago to this city. Mr. Griffith is cashier and department manager of the Mason Company. His business address is 7817 St. Clair Avenue. Mr. Griffith during his career has seen much of life and has lived in a number of different states. He was born at Milwaukee, Wisconsin, September 6, 1861. His father, Griffith Griffith, was born in 1822 at Ffestioneg, Wales, and was a well educated, scholarly and able Welsh minister of the Congregational church. Ile was reared in his native town and lived there until 1851, when he came to the United States. For four years he had charge of a Congregational Church in New York City, and then became connected with the Board of Home Missions at Oshkosh, Wisconsin. He finally went to Milwaukee and preached in one of the churches there for five years, was at Cincinnati, Ohio, three years, five years at New Cambria, Missouri, again at Cincinnati for seven years and at New Cambria again five years, following which which long and arduous ministry he resided in Chicago until his death. He died during a visit to Ixonia, Wisconsin, in 1899. As an American citizen he voted with the republican party. He married Mary Ann Owen. She was born at Trenton Falls, New York, in 1831, and died at Cleveland March 26, 1915. She also was Welsh, her father, Thomas Owen, having been born in Wales. He came to America and established his home on a farm at Trenton Falls, New York. but died in a hospital at Albany, New York. Rev. Griffith Griffith and wife had the following children: Ellen Jane, who died in infancy ; J. Fremont; Minnie Emma, wife of E. H. Cleaver, cashier for the Standard Oil Company at Chicago; Elizabeth Jane and Ambrose and Benjamin, all of whom died in infancy or early childhood. J. Fremont Griffith spent his early life in the various localities where his father had his ministerial duties. He was educated chiefly at home, and in Cincinnati attended both private and public schools. By private instruction he was given preparation for college. In 1880 he graduated from Nelson's Business College at Cincinnati. Since then practically all the years of his life have constituted a productive and earnest working epoch in his career. From 1880 to 1893 he lived on a farm at New Cambria, Missouri. and he knows the life of the farmer as well as that of the business man. In 1893 Mr. Griffith found employment with the Standard Oil Company at the World's Fair in Chicago. About the only period of his life when he was not regularly employed was the year 1894. In 1895 Mr. Griffith became bookkeeper in the offices of the Davis Sewing Machine Company at Chicago. In 1898 the Chicago office of this company was closed and he then took his experience and found employment as cashier and bookkeeper for the A. G. Mason Manufacturing Company. In January, 1903, he accompanied the business on its removal to Cleveland, and is now both cashier and department manager of the company. The sewing machines manufactured by this company have a wide use and distribution not only all over the United States but in foreign countries. Mr. Griffith is a member and active supporter of the Congregational Church, a republican voter, and in Masonry has affiliations with Chicago Lodge, with Cleveland Chapter of the Royal Arch Masons and with Mount Joy Commandery of Knights Templar at Chicago. Mr. Griffith resides at 10091 Kee Mar Park. He married at Chicago in 1902 Miss Ellen Hardy. Mrs. Griffith was born at Waltham, Massachusetts. WILLIAM H. TURNER is one of those men who by sheer force of determination and downright hard work and ability promote themselves to places of usefulness aud success in business affairs. For several years he was employed in the Worsted Mills at Kent, Ohio, and in 1800 came to Cleveland. He was a mill worker in this city for four years, and then qualified for a position as bookkeeper with H. A. Lozier & Company, with whom he remained several years. For five years he was man- ager of the Broadway House, a large warehouse in Cleveland. In June, 1916, he went with the Lincoln Fireproof Storage Company as bookkeeper, and soon made himself a factor and personal asset of that organization. and he was promoted to assistant secretary and treasurer, and in 1918 became secretary and treasurer of the company, in complete charge of the financial end of the business, which is the largest concern of its kind in Cleveland. Mr. Turner also served in 1910-11 as chief clerk in the city auditor's office under H. B. Wright. He is a republican, and is affiliated CLEVELAND AND ITS ENVIRONS - 423 with Woodward Lodge No. 508, Free and Accepted Masons. In 1903, at Cleveland, he married Miss Emma E. Weining. Their two children are Bruce, born. in December, 1905, and Leonard, born in October, 1910. ALFRED DAVIS LAND since leaving college has had an extensive experience in marble contracting lines and is now active head of the Cleveland Marble Company, with offices in the Schofield Building. He was born in Cleveland August 9. 1888, his parents' home at the time being at 5209 Madison Avenue. His mother and father still live in Cleveland. His father, Thomas Land, was born in Holland, but is descended from some of the English Puritans who emigrated to Holland early in the seventeenth century and remained in that country instead of coming, as many of them did, to New England. Thomas Land came to America when a young man and at once took out naturalization papers and for many years has been a resident of Cleveland. For twenty-five years he was a captain on Great Lakes steamers and is now living retired at the age of seventy-six. His wife was Mary Louise Werner, who was born in Cincinnati. Alfred Davis Land attended the public schools of Cleveland and graduated Bachelor of Science from the Case School of Applied Science with the class of 1911. He found employment with the Four City Marble Company and that company placed him in charge as superintendent of its work in connection with the construction of the Union Central Life Insurance Company's building at Cincinnati. This building, thirty-five stories high, is the tallest office structure outside the City of New York, its height being 535 feet. Mr. Land was engaged in superintending the placing of the immense marble material in that building for over a year. Returning to Cleveland, he was with the company in the local offices for a year and then became one of the organizers of the Cleveland Marble Company, of which he is president. This company does marble contracting for all classes of public buildings and its activities now represent a flourishing business over a wide radius of territory around Cleveland. Mr. Land is affiliated with the Sigma Chi college fraternity, has interested himself in republican party politics, and is a member of the Young Men's Business Club. September 27, 1916, he married Miss Blanche M. Smith, a native of Cleveland, and daughter of Howard E. and Naomi Smith. Her father is a contractor. SAMUEL LEWIS SMITH. Sixty years ago the late S. C. Smith came to Cleveland and entered the tea, coffee and spice wholesale trade. He also later, in 1868, became one of the founders of the Cleveland Malleable Iron Company, the manufacturing business that is now carried on as part of the National Malleable Castings Company, with plants and offices in Cleveland and four or five other large cities, and the family interest in this connection is still continued by his son Samuel Lewis Smith, who has continued in the malleable iron and steel casting industry for nearly thirty years. The memory of the late Stiles Curtiss Smith is still fresh in Cleveland, because he was not only one of the solid business men of the town, but also gave of his time and talents for the benefit of his fellow men and the community at large. Representing an old New England family, Stiles Curtiss Smith was born at South Britain, in the Town of Southbury, Connecticut, March 20, 1831, and died at his home in Cleveland December 5, 1907, at the age of seventy-six. He finished his education in a private academy in his birthplace, and first came out to Cleveland shortly after 1850 and moved here in 1857. In a few years he was senior member of Smith & Curtiss, wholesale tea, coffee and spice merchants, and it was this business, conducted with steadily increasing prosperity, that proved the foundation of his fortune. Later his efforts extended into other business fields. He was a director of the First National Bank for many years and vice president and director of the Cleveland, Southwestern & Columbus Railway Company, and was identified with several of those companies which constitute a large and important group in the malleable iron industry, including the National Malleable Castings Company and the Eberhard Manufacturing Company, being a director of both companies. As a business man he was noted among his associates for his fairness and high integrity and he was generally recognized, when actively at the head of the firm of Smith & Curtiss, as a remarkable judge of teas and coffees. Also, few men ever realized more fully the responsibilities of a moderate fortune, and, as he prospered in his undertakings, he gave generously to many measures for the public 424 - CLEVELAND AND ITS ENVIRONS good. He was a trustee of the Associated Charities, of the Children's Fresh Air Camp, the Jones Home, the Huron Street Hospital, the Western Seaman's Fund Society. His usefulness did not cease with advancing years, and, practically, up to the time of his death he was associated with a number of charitable and financial undertakings. He was a member of the Cleveland Chamber of Commerce, a member of the Masonic fraternity, and was one of the organizers and for some years served as treasurer of the New England Society of Cleveland. He was also a member of the Union Club and of the Country Club. In politics he was a republican, never a seeker for office, but always regarding politics as the business and duty of every private citizen and was keenly interested in every movement for the public good. He was a prominent member and chairman of the board of trustees of Plymouth Congregational Church for many years. In Cleveland he married Miss Catherine Gleeson, who was born near Cleveland April 22, 1831. Her father, Moses Gleeson, was a pioneer resident of Cuyahoga County. Five children were born to their marriage: George S. and Caroline M., both deceased; Anna, who married Henry S. Abbott of Columbus; Samuel Lewis; and Flora M., wife of Frank R. Gilchrist. Samuel Lewis Smith, only living son of his father, was born at Cleveland August 22, 1867, and attended the local public schools until the age of fourteen, after which his education was continued in the Cleveland Academy and at the age of sixteen he entered Phillips Academy at Andover, Massachusetts, where he completed his preparatory course in 1885. Entering Yale University, he graduated A. B. in 1889 and all the years since then have been filled with business duties. On returning to Cleveland from the university he started to work for the Eberhard Manufacturing Company and on July 1. 1891, became clerk to the sales manager of the National Malleable Castings Company. He later was traveling salesman in the railway sales department, manager of the coupler sales department, and was finally elected vice president in charge of sales. He is now a director both in the Eberhard Manufacturing company and the National Malleable Castings Company and also in the Cleveland, Southwestern & Columbus Railway Company. Mr. Smith spent a large part of his time from 1900 to 1912 in Europe, representing his company in the railway sales department. Like his honored father he has found interests outside of business not only in social lines but in organizations that express the cultural and educational features of life. In Cleve. land he is a past president and director of the Tavern Club, member of the Union Club, Athletic Club, Roadside Club, Country Club, Mayfield Country Club, Chagrin Valley Hunt Club, and also has membership in the University Club of Chicago, Duquesne Club of Pittsburgh, University Club of New York City, Yale Club of New York City, Engineers Club of New York City, Graduates Club of New Haven, University Club of New Haven, Sons of the American Revolution, New Eng. land Society of Cleveland and Western Reserve Historical Society. He is well known as a Yale alumnus and has given much of his time to the promotion of the interests of his alma mater. He is president of the Western Federation of Yale Clubs, a member of the Alumni Advisory Board of Yale University and a member of the Committee on Plan for Development of Yale University. He also belongs to the Automobile Club, Civic League and Chamber of Commerce at Cleveland, attends Trinity Episcopal Church and in politics is a republican. On October 14, 1896, at Philadelphia, Mr. Smith married Miss Ellen Bown Lucas of Philadelphia. HERMAN R. KROLL. One of the enterprising young business men of Cleveland is Herman R. Kroll, of the firm of Richey, Kroll & Company, who has found in the insurance field an opportunity to develop a natural business talent, and has assisted in building up a commercial house that commands general confidence and is second to few in its line in this city. His business success reflects credit on his industry and sagacity and also may be taken as a fair proof of high personal character because it has been built up under the approving eyes of those who have known him from boyhood. Herman R. Kroll was born at Cleveland, Ohio, October 8, 1881. His parents were Herman R. and Gertrude (Glock) Kroll. The father of Mr. Kroll was born in the Province of Posen, Germany, in 1848, and died at Cleveland in October, 1915. He came to the United States in 1871, and located at Cleveland. As soon as possible he became a citizen of the United States. He entered the employ of the Rauch & Lang Carriage Company as a carriage trimmer and continued CLEVELAND AND ITS ENVIRONS - 425 there for thirty-five years, always highly valued by his employers. He was a member of the Bridge Street German Lutheran Church. He was thrice married, first to a Miss Wilhelm, who died at Cleveland leaving one son, William H., who is employed in the trimming department of the Winton Motor Car Company and lives in the suburb of Lakewood. The second marriage was to Gertrude Glock, who was born in Germany in 1849 and died at Cleveland in 1886, at the birth of her second child, who also died. Herman R. is the only survivor of that marriage. His father's third marriage was to Katy Heil, who is a resident of Cleveland, and they had four children: Carrie, the wife of Harvey Boepple, who is purchasing agent for the Christy Company of Cleveland and resides at Lakewood; and Kate, Elsie and Carl, all of whom reside with their mother. Herman R. Kroll attended the public schools of Cleveland until he was fourteen years of age and then took a commercial course in the Edmiston Business College, immediately afterward becoming identified with the insurance business, with which he has ever since been connected and now, well established, maintains fine offices in the Marshall Building, where the firm occupies an entire suite. Mr. Kroll was married at Cleveland in 1905, to Miss Gertrude Wilhelmy, who is a daughter of Frank and Elizabeth (Krause) Wilhelmy. The mother of Mrs. Kroll is deceased. The father is bookkeeper for the Painters' Supply Company, Cleveland, and resides with Mr. and Mrs. Kroll. They have one son, Herman, who was born December 22, 1913. In politics Mr. Kroll has always maintained an independent attitude, as did his father, heartily supporting men and measures and with no partisan bias. Fraternally he belongs to Concordia Lodge No. 345, Ancient Free and Accepted Masons, and Cleveland Chapter No. 208, Royal Arch Masons, and is also a member of the Chamber of Industry. He attends the Pilgrim Congregational Church. MILFORD LEWIS is now rounding out thirty-five years of continuous connection with The Eberhard Manufacturing Company of Cleveland. For a quarter of a century he has been secretary of the company, which is well known among the prominent industries of Cleveland, manufacturers of saddlery and carriage hardware. There are few older families in the State of Ohio than the Lewises. Originally they came out of Wales and were Colonial Americans. Mr. Lewis' grandfather, Eliphalet Lewis, came from New Jersey and made a pioneer home in Knox county, Ohio, more than a century ago. He spent his life as a farmer. Mr. Milford Lewis was born in Knox County, Ohio, September 24, 1843. His father, Daniel C. Lewis, was born in the same county in 1814, while the second war with Great Britain was in progress. He spent all his life there, and most of his work was as a cabinet maker. He died at Fredericktown, Ohio, in 1886. He was a very dutiful churchman and required strict religious observance of all his family. He was a member of the Methodist Episcopal Church and in politics after that party was organized was a republican. He married Mary Lyon, who was born in Knox County in 1818 and died there in 1856. They had three children : Martha, who lives at Galion, Ohio, widow of Z. B. Barker, who was a plasterer by trade; Milford; and Charles M., an electrician living at Lansing, Michigan. Milford Lewis was educated in the rural schools and in the high school at Frederick-town, Ohio. When not yet twenty years of age in August, 1863, he enlisted in Company B of the Ninety-sixth Ohio Infantry, and was with his command until discharged in March, 1864, on account of sickness. After this brief army service he returned to Fredericktown, and was commissioned and served two years as postmaster. Then followed two years in the dry goods business at Caledonia in Marion County and five years in the hardware business in the same town. For three years he was a wholesale hardware merchant at Galion, and in 1875 removed to Fort Wayne, Indiana, and for nine years was connected with the wholesale hardware house of Roger Lewis & Company. Mr. Lewis came to Cleveland in 1884 and from this city as his headquarters was travel. ing representative for the Eberhard Manufacturing Company until 1893, when he was elected secretary of the business. This is one of the larger companies that bring up Cleveland's prestige as a center of saddlery and kindred lines of manufacturing. The plant is located on Tennyson Road. 426 - CLEVELAND AND ITS ENVIRONS Mr. Lewis is an old line republican. He is a member of the Board of Trustees of the Epworth Memorial Methodist Episcopal Church, was for many years a member of the Cleveland Chamber of Commerce, and is a member of Memorial Post, Grand Army of the Republic. His home is at 2043 East Seventy-first Street. Mr. Lewis has been twice married. His first wife, Frances Lewis, whom he married at Fredericktown in 1866, died at Delaware, Ohio, in 1871, leaving one son, Joseph, who is a salesman living in New York City. In 1873, at Caledonia, Ohio, Mr. Lewis married Miss Laura B. Bell, daughter of Rev. Benjamin F. and Lucinda (Rector) Bell, both now deceased. Her father was a Methodist minister. To their marriage have been born two children. Milford Foster is a graduate of the Central High School and of Adelhert College, took two years of post-graduate work in Harvard University and is now a teacher in the Central High School of Cleveland. His home is on Lincoln Boulevard in Euclid Heights. The second son, Norville W., lives on Middlehurst Road in Euclid Heights and is clerk with the store of Halle Brothers Company. He is also a graduate of Adelbert College. CHARLES GRANDY TAPLIN is a veteran in the service of the Standard Oil Company of Ohio. When that business was little more than an infant among American industries forty-five years ago Mr. Taplin entered the service of the company's offices at Cleveland as a bookkeeper. He is now one of the oldest active men in the organization. For many years he has been sales manager of the Standard Oil Company of Ohio and is now also second vice president. His offices are in the East Ohio Gas Company Building. Mr. Taplin's ancestry goes back to a family of French people who settled in New Hampshire in Colonial days. He is a great-grandson of Rhoda Farrand of Revolutionary fame. The family has also been identified with Ohio from pioneer times. Grandfather John Taplin was born in New Hampshire in 1785. In 1845 he located at the Village of Akron, and had a farm in that vicinity and died in 1860. In earlier life he was a carpenter and builder by trade. The Christian name of his wife was Abigail. James B. Taplin, father of Charles G.. was born in Claremont. New Hampshire, in 1812. He was reared and educated there to the age of eighteen and then sought adventure and opportunity in the then Far West, traveling first to Michigan and in 1837 locating in Akron, Summit County, where he was one of the early settlers. He was proprietor of one of the early foundries and machine shops of Akron, and remained there in active business the rest of his life. He died in 1893. He served as councilman at Akron, was a republican voter, and was one of the founders and a very active supporter of the First Congregational Church. James B. Taplin married Rachel Grandy, who was born at Patton, New York, in 1812, and died at Akron, Ohio, in 1886. A brief record of their children is as follows: John L., born January 19, 1844, was for the last twelve years of his active career associated with the American Strawboard Company at Circleville, Ohio, and died at Akron in 1893; Charles F., born in 1846, died in 1853; the third of the family is Charles G.; Ella Louise, born January 10, 1851, was a resident of Akron until 1893, since which time she has made her home in Los Angeles and other points in California. Charles Grandy Taplin was born at Akron July 19, 1848, and was reared and educated there, attending high school and for one. year Humiston's. Cleveland Institute. Leaving school in the spring of 1866, he was for seven years associated with Taplin, Rice & Company, which was his father's foundry and machine business at Akron. In 1873 Mr. Taplin came to Cleveland. The first summer he was employed by Cleveland, Brown & Company, iron merchants on Merwin Street. On September 25, 1873, he entered the service of the Standard Oil Company as bookkeeper. Successive years brought him increasing responsibilty and many confidential relations with the business. For the past ten years he has been sales manager for the Ohio Company and for the past three years has also filled the office of second vice president. Mr. Taplin is also a director in the Cleveland Western Coal Company. He is a member of the Cleveland Chamber of Commerce, the Army and Navy Union, a member of the Fairmount Presbyterian Church and a republican voter. His home is at 2528 Stratford Road in Shaker Heights. Mr. Taplin married October 2, 1872, at Cleveland, Miss Frances Smith, daughter of Elijah and Emily Smith, both now deceased. Her father was an early day Cleveland contractor. Mr. and Mrs. Taplin were the parents of four children. Clara Louise, born in 1873, died at Cleveland in 1896. Frank E., CLEVELAND AND ITS ENVIRONS - 427 born in October, 1875, is a graduate of high school and is president of the Cleveland Western Coal Company. Charles F., born in December, 1879, is a graduate of high school, of Western Reserve University and of Harvard Law School and is a successful Cleveland attorney. Grace Frances, youngest of the family, was born in 1883, and is a graduate of Miss Mittleberger's Select School at Cleveland. She is now the wife of A. C. Bourne, connected with the Bourne-Fuller Company. FREDERICK HARRIS GOFF was for a number of years a successful Cleveland attorney but for the past ten years has given all his time to banking and other large business affairs. He is president of the Cleveland Trust Company. As president of the Cleveland Trust Company, and out of his wide experience in the management of trusts of different kinds, Mr. Goff evolved the idea and plan which, through the action of the directors of the Trust Company on January 2, 1914, resulted in "The Cleveland Foundation." The people of America have long been familiar with the "Rockefeller Foundation" and similar corporate benevolences through which the surplus of a large private fortune is applied by trustees to the uses of scholarship and the general good of mankind. While the objects of the Foundation may, at the discretion of the trustees of the Cleveland Foundation, be directed along co-ordinated lines with those of the Rockefeller and other Foundations. the important and significant distinction between the two plans is that the resources of the Cleveland Foundation are derivable not from one or two possessors of large wealth but from all or any men and women of modest or large fortunes who through this instrumentality seek to divert some portion of their wealth to such wise and beneficent uses as the Foundation trustees may prescribe. The more thoughtful people of Cleveland have become generally familiar with the plan of the Cleveland Foundation, and this pioneer program has furthermore been adopted by several other large cities of the United States. The Foundation has undoubtedly marked out a new road for private philanthropy in America, and many eminent public men have heartily commended the plan and have incidentally complimented Mr. Goff as its originator. Frederick Harris Goff was born at Blackbury in Kane County, Illinois, December 15, 1858, a son of Frederick C. and Catharine J. (Brown) Goff. His father was for a number of years a prominent coal operator at Cleveland. This branch of the Goff family dates back in America to 1670. Frederick H. Goff completed his literary education in the University of Michigan, where he was graduated in 1881, and in June, 1883, was admitted to the Ohio bar. He began practice at Cleveland and was a member of the law firm Carr & Goff from 1884 to 1890, of Estep, Dickey, Carr & Goff until 1896, and of the firm Kline, Tolles & Goff until June 8, 1908. On his election as president of the Cleveland Trust Company in June, 1908, Mr. Goff retired from active practice. At the time of his retirement he was president of the Cleveland Bar Association. He is also vice president of the Cleveland Terminal & Valley Railroad Company and the Cleveland, Lorain and Wheeling Railroad. In 1907, at the request of the directors of the Cleveland Electric Railway Company, Mr. Goff was called upon to effect a settlement of the street railway controversy, the company agreeing to abide by any decision that this arbitrator might render. In 1903 he was elected mayor of Glenville. Mr. Goff is a member of the Union, the Rowfant and Country clubs, is a Unitarian in religion. and a member of the republican party. His home is on Lake Shore Boulevard. October 16, 1894, he married Miss Frances South.worth, of Cleveland. Their three children are Fredericka S., William S. and Frances Mary. ISADOR LEFKOWITZ is president and general manager of the Lefkowitz Brothers Company, one of the larger firms of Cleveland manufacturing men's clothing. Mr. Lefkowitz has been in this line of business since boyhood and has risen through all the stages and grades of service and experience to an independent manufacturer. He was born in New York City, May 1. 1879. His father, Morris H. Lefkowitz, was born in Austria-Hungary in 1855 and was reared and married in that country. Ho owned considerable land there, and his property enabled him to live somewhat leisurely. in 1878 be came to the United States. and at New York City was engaged in the tailoring business. later in the insurance and jewelry business, and finally moved to Cleveland. 428 - CLEVELAND AND ITS ENVIRONS He was killed in this city September 13, 1897, in a street car accident. Politically he voted as a democrat and was a member of the Jewish Church. In his native land he married Dora Friedman, who was born there in 1855 and is now living on Park Gate Avenue in Cleveland with her son Harry. They were the parents of six children: Isador ; Phillip; who is in the film business and lives at Superior and Forty-fifth street in Cleveland; Harry, a member of the Atlas Paper Box Company of Cleveland and living on Park Gate Avenue; Henry, who travels for Campen Brothers and lives at One Hundred and Fifth Street and Park Gate Avenue; Manuel, whose home is a farm near Los Angeles, California; and Minnie, wife of Jack Marks, a street car conductor in Cleveland. Isador Lefkowitz received his early training in the public schools of New York City. He left school at the age of thirteen. He had already contributed toward his own support by selling newspapers, and he then went to work as sweeper in a clothing factory. He was thus employed for a year and a half. On August 5, 1895, Mr. Lefkowitz came to Cleveland. Here for ten years he worked in the Friedman Brothers clothing factory, and during that time learned every branch and aspect of the business from the workshop to the business offices. On leaving Friedman Brothers hp went with Kohn Brothers & Company for eight years, and left them to organize with his brother-in-law, Henry Kestenbaum, the Alert Clothing Company. He sold his interest in that firm after two years and in 1914 'established Lefkowitz Brothers Company, manufacturing men's and' young men's clothing. The firm occupies half of the fifth floor of the Charles Building, and their output is distributed all over the State of Ohio. They employ as high as twenty expert cutters, designers and other skilled workmen. Mr. Lefkowitz votes independently, is a member of the Hungarian Benevolent and Social Union and his church is the Temple at Fifty-fifth Street and Scoville Avenue. June 12, 1902, at Cleveland, he married Miss Bertha Kestenbaum, daughter of William and Hannah (Bauman) Kestenbaum. Her mother lives in Cleveland and her father died here in 1917. He was a retired merchant. Mr. and Mrs. Lefkowitz have one child, Harold, born June 27, 1904. MATTHEW SMITH. Newcomers to Cleveland frequently express surprise that they find nowhere in the city any of the stores of the great Atlantic and Pacific Tea Company, a retail selling organization which is one of the marvels of the age, and which has extended its service within the last five or ten years to nearly all the larger towns and to practically all the big cities of the United States. Why such a tremendous organization should not be represented in Cleveland is in fact a peculiar tribute to the forceful ability of one of its former managers. Five years ago the great Atlantic and Pacific Company had its chain of stores at Cleveland. For over thirty years the local business of the company had been directed by Matthew Smith. Mr. Smith had increased the number of stores from two to seventeen, and apart from the general plan and system which are distinctive features of the great Atlantic and Pacific Tea Company, the local business was altogether due to the exertions and management of Mr. Smith. The company undoubtedly recognized this fact when it agreed to sell to Mr. Smith the local business, and to give him a free hand in the sixth city of the United States to continue a business similar in character but impressed with the special efficiency of his individual organization and under bis name. Thus it is that at the present time it is the Matthew Smith Tea, Coffee & Grocery Company rather than the great Atlantic and Pacific Tea Company that operates "stores all over the city" and furnishes all the service and more which people from the outside have come to associate with the stores of the Great Atlantic and Pacific Company. Matthew Smith is one of the most interesting personalities in the business field of Cleveland. Like many successful American merchants he rose from a humble sphere to position of responsibility and influence. He was born in the Parish of Thornhill, County Tyrone, Ireland, November 9, 1856. He attended the national schools of Ireland and at the age of sixteen came to the United States in 1872, for three years lived in New York City, and while there made his first connection with the Great Atlantic and Pacific Tea Company. His first employment was addressing envelopes. Since then he has been through every department and detail of the business and for forty years he gave all his abilities and energies to a corporation which CLEVELAND AND ITS ENVIRONS - 429 has attained a rank as the greatest retail grocery house in the world. From 1875 to 1880 Mr. Smith was located at New Brunswick, New Jersey, as manager of one of the branch stores in that city. On January 12, 1880, he entered upon his new duties as general manager of the company's business at Cleveland, which at that time consisted of only two stores. He remained general manager until March 1, 1913. In the meantime he had promoted the business of the company in Cleveland, gradually adding new stores, until in 1913 he negotiated the sale which brought under his individual management and control all the interests of the Great Atlantic and Pacific Tea Company in Cleveland and he acquired seventeen stores. Mr. Smith then incorporated the Matthew Smith Tea, Coffee & Grocery Company, of which he is president, and in five years' time has extended the scope of his organization until it is no longer mere rhetoric when the company claims "stores all over the city," since there are in fact sixty-one stores at the time of the present writing and other new ones are in prospect. The company also have stores at Lorain, Painesville and Willoughby, Ohio. Mr. Smith has the headquarters of his vast organization in the Ninth Street Terminal Warehouse, from which the business of his three score stores are managed. That he has eminent business ability would be accepted without question in face of the facts briefly reviewed. He is also a man of great geniality and has a personality which attracts and wins many friends. The best evidence of this is that he is one of the few men to enjoy the dignities and honors of the supreme honorary Thirty-third degree in Scottish Rite Masonry. He holds this degree in the Northern Masonic jurisdiction, and is grand senior warden of the Grand Lodge of Ohio. His other Masonic affiliations are with Emmanuel Lodge No. 605, Free and Accepted Masons, of which he is past master, Cleveland Chapter No. 148, Royal Arch Masons, of which he is past high priest, Cleveland Council No. 36, Royal and Select Masons, Holy-rood Commandery No. 32, Knights Templar, of which he is past eminent commander, and Al Koran Temple of the Mystic Shrine. Mr. Smith is also a trustee of the Ohio Masonic Home. He has been a member of the Knights of Pythias since he was twenty-one years of age, and also belongs to the Cleveland Chamber of Commerce. He married in 1887 Miss Irene M. French, who was born and reared in Cleveland. They have a family of two sons and two daughters, and four grandchildren. Both sons are now doing service for their country in France. The names of the children in order of age are Emily M., Matthew, Jr., William McKinley and Irene. Emily, who was educated in the public schools and Miss Mittleberger's private school, is the wife of Nicholas C. Broch, manager of the Matthew Smith Tea, Coffee & Grocery Company. Mr. and Mrs. Broch have four children. The son Matthew, Jr., is now a sergeant in the quartermaster's department of the American Expeditionary Forces in France, while William McKinley is with the Red Cross service in France. Mr. Smith for many years gave the closest attention to his business, and well earned the comparative leisure which he now enjoys. He keeps in close touch with all his business affairs but is usually in Cleveland during the summer only two days in the week, the rest of the time being spent in his fine summer home at Salida Beach at Mentor, Ohio. The city residence of the family is at 12832 Euclid Avenue in East Cleveland. WILLIAM E. FRANCIES is manager of the Cleveland Retail Credit Men's Company, with offices in the Chamber of Commerce building. He is a very young man for the important responsibilities of this position. but has shown an aptness and mastery of credits as a science and has proved very competent in handling all the interests of Cleveland business men who are members and patrons of this company. Mr. Francies was born in Allegheny, Pennsylvania, November 24, 1895. He is of Scotch ancestry. His grandfather, James Francies, was born in Scotland, came to the United States a young man and spent the rest of his days at Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, where he acquired the ownership of some valuable coal property. John K. Francies, father of William E., was born at Allegheny, Pennsylvania, in 1863 and spent all his earlier years there. He is a contractor and builder and since 1909 has had his home in Cleveland. He has specialized in installing furnaces for big manufacturing plants. He has built open hearth furnaces for steel mills all over the United States, and among other contracts he put in the furnaces for the Upson Nut Company and the Otis Steel Company and other plants in Cleveland. At present his temporary home is at Philadelphia, where be is 430 - CLEVELAND AND ITS ENVIRONS handling a contract for a large munition plant. He is a republican, member of the Methodist Episcopal Church and is affiliated with the Knights of the Maccabees. John K. Francies married Sarah E. Richards, who was born at Marietta, Ohio, in 1865. They have three children : Carroll R., who lives at Ravenna, Ohio, and is general manager of the Buckeye Chair Company; John K., Jr., a resident of Cleveland and now a first lieutenant in the One Hundred Forty-fifth Infantry of the National Army ; and William E., the youngest. William E. Francies was educated in the public schools of Pittsburgh and Cleveland. He graduated from the Shaw High School of the latter city in 1913, so that his active business career has been compassed within a period of five years. One of these years he spent with the J. Walter Thompson Company, National Advertising Agency. For two years he was in the credit department of the Cleveland Glass and Door Company and the', for seven months was in the auditing department of the Standard Oil Company. From there he came to the Cleveland Retail Credit Men 's Company as manager. Ile is head of an office force comprising twenty clerks. Mr. Francies resides at. 1765 East Sixty-fifth Street. He is a republican, member of the Methodist Episcopal Church and was formerly secretary of its Sunday school and belongs to the Cleveland Advertising Club. In 1916, at East Cleveland, he married Edna M. Richards, daughter of J. N. and Lena (Harvey) Richards, who reside at 8300 Hough Avenue. Her father is an undertaker. Mr. and Mrs. Francies have two children, Richard Evan, born June 20, 1917, and Eleanore Marie, born July 22, 1918. FRANK ALLEN KINNEY, well known in railroad circles, not only at Cleveland but elsewhere, has for the past five years been identified with the contracting and building business as treasurer of the H. E. Culbertson Company, one of the leading firms of that kind in the city. Their offices are in the Citizens' Building. Mr. Kinney was born in Allen County, Indiana, August 18, 1874. His grandfather, Allen Kinney, was born in 1813, went to Michigan in early times, where he developed a farm and cultivated it for many years, but finally retired to Indiana and died at Butler in that state in 1889. Ira Kinney, father of Frank A., was born in Michigan in 1836, grew up in that state and married near Hillsdale. For some years he was in the lumber business at Hillsdale, but later moved to Allen County, Indiana, where he continued as a lumber merchant, and in 1887 went to Butler, DeKalb County, Indiana, where he continued in the lumber business until his death in 1902. He was an old line republican, a member of the Masonic fraternity, and an active communicant of the Church of God. He was one of the honored veterans of the Civil war, having enlisted in 1861 in the Eighteenth Michigan Infantry, and was in service until the close of the war. Ira Kinney married Angeline Whitney, who was born in Missouri in 1838 and is now living in her eightieth year at Orrville, Ohio. They had four sons, Frank A. being the youngest. These sons constitute the Kinney Lumber Company, Incorporated, carrying on a business which was originally established by their father at Orrville, Ohio. While Frank A. is a stockholder and director in the company, the three active partners are his older brothers, Eugene L., Fred W. and Ralph A. Frank A. Kinney spent most of his youth at Butler, Indiana, where he graduated from high school in 1892. Not long afterward he went to work for the Lake Shore Railroad. now a part of the New York Central system, in the engineering department, and was an active railroad man for twenty years. He moved to Cleveland in 1903, and in March, 1912, resigned his position with the railroad company to become associated with the H. E. Culbertson Company, general contractors. Mr. Kinney is a republican in politics. He resides at 418 East One Hundred Tenth Street. In 1906, at Orrville, Ohio, he married Miss Orpha Grace Swager, who was born at IIicksville, Ohio, and died at Cleveland in 1914. The one child of their union is Ruth, born December 1, 1908. FRED M. LAMOREAUX, a native of Cleveland, has been in the business life of the city for twenty years or more, and is manager of the Modern Ventilating Company, with offices in the Columbia Building. He is head of an organization that is competent to furnish expert advice in all branches of ventilating of domestic and business buildings and factories and directs a sales agency covering this and portions of several other states. Mr. Lamoreaux was born on Erie Street in Cleveland on May 18, 1876. He is of CLEVELAND AND ITS ENVIRONS - 431 French ancestry, his great-grandfather Lamoreaux having come to this country and settled in New York from the vicinity of Marseilles, France. Grandfather Joel Lamoreaux was born at Auburn, New York, spent most of his life there as a farmer, and in 1876, having retired, came to Cleveland, where lie died at his home on Erie Street in 1878. One of the oldest business men of Cleveland still in active service is Mr. Sullivan B. Lamoreaux, father of Fred. He was born at Auburn, New York, in 1842, was reared there, and went from that vicinity into the ranks of the Union army, where he fought bravely and gallantly for three years. He enlisted as a private August 8, 1862, in Company F of the One Hundred Thirty-eighth New York Heavy Artillery, a regiment that afterwards became the Ninth New York Light Artillery. He saw a great deal of hard service in some of the pivotal battles of the war, was present at Gettysburg, and afterwards was transferred to the armies of Sherman in the operations beginning at Atlanta and continuing with the march to the sea. In the closing months of the war he was stationed at Washington as a member of the headquarters staff, and was there at the time of the assassination of Lincoln and assisted in the capture of Booth. He was mustered out with the rank of lieutenant-colonel October 11, 1865. Following the war he was in the oil business at Titusville, Pennsylvania, until 1872, when he came to Cleveland and though continuously active for over forty-five years has not yet been content to retire. For twenty-five years he was connected with Adams, Jewett & Company on Bank Street as general manager, and then became a salesman for M. A. Hanna & Company until a year after the death of Senator Hanna. He now has an official position in the draughting department of the Peerless Automobile Company. He and his family reside at the Haddam on Euclid Avenue. He is a republican, a member of the Masonic fraternity and of Trinity' Episcopal Church. Sullivan B. Lamoreaux married Mary M. Montgomery, who was born at Hudson. Michigan. in 1846. They have two children, Mabel and Fred, the daughter living with her parents in the Haddam Apartments. Fred Lamoreaux received his education in the Cleveland public schools, but since the age of fourteen has been working his own way. He has had various experiences and employ- Vol. III-28 ments and for fourteen years was engaged in the laundry business on his own account. He finally sold out his business in 1913, and since then has been manager of the Modern Ventilating Company. This company has the general sales agency for Ohio, Western Pennsylvania, Western New York, for the New Model Awnings and Shades and various types of ventilating apparatus. Mr. Lamoreaux is a member of Trinity Episcopal Church, is affiliated with Wade Park Lodge, Independent Order of Odd Fellows, and is a republican. His home is at the Haddam Apartments. He married at Nevi York City in 1907 Miss Mary Dodds. LEWIS MAXA is a prominent representative of the Bohemian population of Cleveland, and has been an active business man of the city for a number of years. He is a wholesale liquor merchant at 42 Public Square. He was born in Bohemia August 16, 1869, son of Viclav and Frantiska (Vleek) Maxa. His father was born in 1825 and his mother in 1815. They were farmers in the old country and after coming to the United States in 1882 and locating in Cleveland the father followed general lines of employment until his death in 1901. His wife died in Cleveland in 1897. They had three children: Alois, deceased ; Barbara, wife of Frank Krejzl, a tailor at Mansfield, Ohio; and Lewis. Lewis Maxa was about thirteen years of age when his parents came to Cleveland. He had his early advantages in the public schools of Bohemia. In Cleveland while working during the day to make his living he attended night school, and in 1892 finished a course in the Spencerian Business College, thus getting a good equipment for a business career. He worked for different firms as a bookkeeper for about four years, and then for two years was engaged in the clothing and men's furnishing business. His first experience in the liquor business was at Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, where he established a wholesale liquor house for himself and conducted it two years, but in 1900 returned to Cleveland and opened a place of business on Woodland Avenue. He was there three years, for seven years was located at 228 Champlain Avenue, and then in 1910 moved to his present location at 42 Public Square. He conducts both a wholesale and retail business. and ships goods all over the United States and even to Mexico. Mr. Maxa, who is unmarried, is an in- 432 - CLEVELAND AND ITS ENVIRONS dependent voter in politics. He resides at 2177 East Seventy-ninth Street and also owns a dwelling house at 2425 East Thirty-third Street, and a block at 2814 and 2816 Wood-hill Road. MRS. CHARLES BURT TOZIER. For a number of years the work of patriotic organization at Cleveland has centered around Mrs. Charles Burt Tozier. A better prescriptive right to the honors and opportunities of such a position could scarcely be required. While literally dozens of ancestral lines give her the privilege of membership in such organizations, it has been her peculiar talent for leadership and administration that has enabled her to perform such an astonishing amount of work through so many different and varied channels. Few women in the country could bear so easily and gracefully the dignities and responsibilities of so many important offices as have come to Mrs. Tozier. Mrs. Tozier, whose maiden name was Kathleen B. Seaman, was born in Sandusky County, Ohio, daughter of Benjamin Daniel and Estelle Jeanette (Cobb) Seaman. Her life and career have been made familiar to the general public through numerous articles published at different times. Most of her family lines run back to old England and years of study haye been spent in tracing and verifying ancestral lines. The list of names would fill a book and necessarily a sketch of this kind must briefly mention the names of some of the prominent ones. In this country her maternal ancestry represented New England stock, while on her father's side she comes of early Long Island families. Her colonial ancestry is indicated by her membership in the National Society Colonial Daughters of the Seventeenth Century, incorporated for the purpose of perpetuating among their descendants the memory of those brave and hardy men who assisted in establishing the colonies of America and periled their lives and interests in the various Colonial wars from May, 1607, to December, 1699. and rendered other distinguished services, laying the foundations upon which the Republic of the United States of America was established. The records of this society show that Mrs. Tozier is : Tenth in descent from Ensign Thomas Cornell ; tenth in descent from John Holgrave: tenth in descent from John Masters ; tenth in .descent from Sir Robert Parke; ninth in descent from Christopher Avery ; ninth in descent from Robert Burrows; ninth in descent from Robert Cole; ninth in descent from Edward Culver; ninth in descent from William Hallett; ninth in descent from Cary Latham ; ninth in descent from Robert Jackson; ninth in descent from Deacon Thomas Parke; ninth in descent from Deacon William Parke; ninth in descent from Capt John Seaman; ninth in descent from Sergi John Strickland ; ninth in descent from Hon. Richard Treat; ninth in descent from William Washburn; ninth in descent from Capt. Thomas Wheeler; ninth in descent from Robert Williams; ninth in descent from Capt. George Woolsey ; eighth in descent from Capt. James Avery ; eighth in descent from John Burrows; eighth in descent from Sergt. John Deming; eighth in descent from John Fish ; eighth in descent from Capt. William Hallett ; eighth in descent from Col. John Jackson; eighth in descent from James Morgan; eighth in descent from Thomas Powell ; eighth in descent from Capt. John Seaman ; eighth in descent from Edward Stallyon, (Stalham) ; eighth in descent from Richard Townsend ; eighth in descent from Isaac Wheeler; eighth in descent from Richard Willetts ; eighth in descent from Capt. Isaac Williams ; eighth in descent from Robert Williams; seventh in descent from Capt. James Avery, Jr.; seventh in descent from Capt. Samuel Fish ; seventh in descent from Capt. John Morgan; seventh in descent from Jonathan Seaman ; seventh in descent from Richard Willetts, Jr.; seventh in descent from John Williams. Forty-one of her ancestors rendered distinguished service in the colonial period from 1607 to 1699. One of the forty-one was a colonel, ten were captains and two were sergeants. In the National Society of Colonial Dames of America nine lines are entered. Two of the ancestors registered in the Connecticut Society of the Colonial Dames of America, Hon. Richard Treat and Sergt. John Deming, signed the Royal Charter for Connecticut, 1662. Hon. Richard Treat (born England, 1584) was a member of Governor Winthrop's Council, Deputy. Assistant Magistrate 16571665 and one of the patentees named in the Royal Charter. Sergt. John Deming (16151705) was an early settler of Wethersfield, 1615-1703, and deputy twenty times, 1646- 1665. As a charter member of the National Society Sons and Daughters of the Pilgrims, while members trace descent from Pilgrim ancestry CLEVELAND AND ITS ENVIRONS - 433 prior to 1692, Mrs. Tozier was appointed to organize in Ohio. A life member of the Nation. al Society Daughters of Founders and Patriots of America, Mrs. Tozier organized the Ohio Chapter in 1912 and is at present state president. The membership of this organization is founded upon direct paternal line of either father or mother through colonial times and the Revolutionary war, provided that the intermediate ancestor in direct line was a patriot to the colonies in their fight for independence. Mrs. Tozier's colonial ancestor in this society is Capt. John Seaman, one of the original proprietors of Manhannock (or the Island Weathersfield). He went with the first company from Weathersfield to Stamford and from there to tong Island with the Stamford migration. He was a proprietor of four different places in Long Island ; one of the patentees of Hempstead in 1644 and secured a title to a large tract of land which in 1685, under the Dongan patent, became a part of Hempstead. Of this settlement, Flint in "Early Long Island," writes, "Nowhere was a race of purer English descent than in the plains of Hempstead." Under the English patent Captain Seaman and six of his sons had lands. They bought land in Jerusalem from the Meroke Indians, the transaction being confirmed by special patent froM Governor Nicoll. Capt. John Seaman was a delegate from Hempstead, Long Island, to the conventions called in New York in November and December, 1653, to consider the war between England and Holland. He was magistrate at Hempstead for ten years, and served many times in the settlement of boundary lines. Justice of the peace and captain of the Queens' County Troops, Province of New York, 1665, serving in the Indian wars, 1668-1695. In August, 1673, a Dutch fleet recaptured the colony and the officers of the fleet reorganized the government and appointed Captain Seaman one of the Schepens of Hempstead. He was sworn in September 4th, and the following year appointed to hold court with the Scout at Jamaica. But the colony was again restored to the English by the treaty of Westminster proclaimed in March, 1674. The Dutch governor, Capt. Anthony Calve, surrendered possession to the English governor, Maj. Edmond Andros on his arrival in November, 1674. In an account of Capt. John Seaman of Hempstead in the New York Genealogical and Biographical Record, the following is illustrative of the man and the times: "In 1679 Governor Andros in his attempt to dictate religious services, having ordered Ri. Gildersleeve to prevent Quaker meetings, was informed by Ri. Gildersleeve that Captain Seaman, though forewarned, had a very great meeting at his house the last Lord's day. In this, Captain Seaman took an exact line that he could defend; for a man had a right to use his house as his castle and could not legally be deprived of this use, even for public accommodation without just compensation. He was a man of too much power to then be molested." Griffins' Journal records, "The Society of Friends in his vicinity were much ill-treated. In him they,. at all times, found a confiding friend. Although not of their society, he was a charitable and just Magistrate." Of his relations with the Indians the Journal states, "Captain John Seaman always settled difficulties with the Indians, whom the natives appeared to love and venerate." His descendant, Micah Seaman, was the patriot in direct line who served in the war of the American Revolution. The many generations of New England ancestry entitle Mrs. Tozier to hold membership in the National Society of New England Women, with authority to organize a colony in Cleveland. One of her colonial ancestors, Col. John Jackson, of Long Island, was not only a military figure but an extensive land owner and leading man in public affairs. He was a patentee of Hempstead, Long Island, commissioner 1683-1713, judge, high sheriff, member Assembly 1693- 1700 ; deputy to general court twenty-three years, 1693-1716 ; one of the commissioners (1702-03) authorized by the governor to administer the oath appointed by the Act of Parliament to all officers, civil and military, in Queens County ; colonel in 1699. Col. John Jackson owned, besides his lands in Hempstead. all the south beach and marshes from the Hempstead line to the Suffolk County line. The father, Robert Jackson, was also prominent in public affairs—one of the original patentees of Hempstead, serving as magistrate many years, deputy constable and overseer. He was one of the deputies who assembled in the famous Hempstead Convention, February 28, 1665. The session lasted ten days and there were enacted many of the celebrated "Duke's Laws," said to have been written by Lord Clavendon ("Early Long Island," Flint). Mrs. Tozier's paternal line traces to Robert Williams of Long Island, a brother of the 434 - CLEVELAND AND ITS ENVIRONS famous Roger Williams (see Wills of James and Alice Williams of St. Sepulchres, Lond., Corn. Court of London, Vol. 24, Fol. 5; Vol. 27, Fol. 12). Robert Williams signed the compact at Providence, Rhode Island, 1637; member Assembly, 1643; on committee to form government, 1647; commissioner, deputy and magistrate, patentee, Huntington, Long Island, Hempstead, Jericho; purchased nearly 1,000 acres of land from chiefs of the Matinecock Indians November 24, 1688, for which a patent of confirmation was issued by Governor Nicoll September 24, 1670; general solicitor to the Assembly, 1673-80. In the maternal line was another Robert Williams of Roxbury, who, states one authority, "was the common ancestor of divines, lawyers and civilians of the name who have honored the country of their birth." He came from England to Boston in the "Rose," 1637, and settled in Roxbury ; member of the Military Company of Massachusetts in 1644 known as the Ancient and Honorable Artillery Company of Massachusetts. Records show that Robert Williams joined the Ancient and Honorable Artillery of London, England, August 21, 1635. Capt. Isaac Williams, son of Robert of Roxbury, was representative from Newton, Massachusetts, deacon of the First Church. member of the first school committee and commanded a troop of horse. Mrs. Tozier's maternal grandmother was a Morgan, descendant of James Morgan (born in Wales, 1607). Three brothers, James, John and Miles Morgan, arrived from Bristol in 1636, landing at Boston. John disliked the austerity of the Puritans and left Boston for Virginia. Miles Morgan, the younger brother, joined a party with Col. William Pinchon at the head and founded the settlement of Springfield, Massachusetts, (ancestor of J. Pierpont Morgan). James Morgan (found at Roxbury before 1640) settled in New London, Connecticut, was selectman for several years, magistrate and one of the first deputies sent from New London plantations to the General Court at Hartford for the May sessions, 1657, and many times afterward chosen a member of that assembly. Capt. John Morgan, his son, from whom Mrs. Tozier descends, was prominent in public work, Indian Commissioner and adviser, and many years deputy to the General Court from New London ; captain, 1693. Three generations of Averys appear in the colonial list, two being captains in King Philip's war. Christopher Avery (born August, 1690) settled in Gloucester, Massachusetts, 1642; served in Pequot war and was clerk of court. His son, Capt. James Avery,: served as a lieutenant in the Pequot war, 1637. Removed to New London, Connecticut, 1651; deputy twenty-one sessions from 1658; selectman twenty years from 1660. Commissioner, 1660-64, 65; judge, 1664; lieutenant, 1665: captain, 1673; commander the Pequot allies in King Philip's war, 1675. Capt. James Avery is often spoken of as a founder of the family or clan called the "Groton Averys" and a granite memorial is erected in what is now known as the Avery Memorial Park. The shaft is surmounted by a bronze bust, representing the founder as a typical Puritan, magistrate and Indian fighter. His son, Capt. James Avery, like his father, took an important part in colony affairs. Selectman from Groton many times; justice of the peace; deputy from New London to the General Court (1690-1702) and from Groton (1702-12) ; sergeant of the train band, New London, June 5, 1683; commissioned lieutenant, May, 1690, and later became captain; counselor and adviser of the Pequot tribe, and in 1720 became their guardian and instituted suits to recover lands of which they had been deprived; many times acted as interpreter to the council; served on committees to settle boundary disputes and the location of public lands. Capt. James Avery took part in various expeditions against the Indians of Massachusetts and Connecticut and was in the ill-fated expedition to Canada in 1709. Another prominent ancestor was Deacon William Parke of Massachusetts. The father, Sir Robert Parke, sailed from England in the "Arebella" in 1630; landed at Salem, Massachusetts, and settled in Wethersfield, Connecticut; served several years as deputy: moved to New London and served in the early colonial wars. Deacon William Parke came with the father from England and settled in Roxbury, Massachusetts. He had the remarkable record of thirty-three years as deputy to the General Court of his colony (1635-1679) ; was a trustee of the Roxbury free school, the first institution of its kind in America, and the oldest in continued existence; selectman several times. surveyor-general ; arms and ammunition for the colony, 1660, and a member of the Ancient and Honorable Artillery Company, 1638; deacon of the First Church. Another brother to which Mrs. Tozier traces CLEVELAND AND ITS ENVIRONS - 435 descent is Deacon Thomas Parke, who settled in Preston, Connecticut; deacon of the First Church; deputy, and served in King Philip's war. A number of the colonial ancestors were proprietors and large land owners. Seaman, Jackson, Hallett, Townsend, Willett, Washburn, Cornell, Williams, Woolsey are some of the Long Island ancestors of distinction. One woman deserves particular mention, Abigail Willett, who survived her Quaker husband many years and became a minister among the Quakers. William Hallett was the owner of Hallett's Cove, now Astoria, Long Island; magistrate, sheriff and deputy. The tract of land was called "Sintsinck" by the Indians and embraced nearly the whole of Hellgate Neck. The Indians who sold Hellgate Neck to William Hallett were the Canarsee tribe, a clan of power, whose jurisdiction extended over the whole of Kings County, the islands of Hell-gate and part of Newtown. The sale was confirmed by Governors Nicoll and Dongan. Other names to which Mrs. Tozier traces lineage are Ball, Burrows, Cobb, Cole, Culver, Ellis, Fish, Gross, Greenslade, Hill, Holgrave, Holloway, Hubbard, Ireland, Knight, Kressler, Latham, Masters, Moore, Powell, Shaffer, Stalham, Stephens, Strickland, Zwingli and Wheeler. In old England, Austey, Burgess, Belcher, Briggs, Chaplin, Cook, Brown, Gaylord, Hauxhurst, Newman, Sharpe, Wrench are some of the names. A careful study of the career of these ancestors would be an education in colonial history, as many of the families were prominent in the things which pertained to the building up of our nation. Interesting documents relating to later periods are held by Mrs. Tozier. One, the commission of her ancestor, Capt. Jonathan Fish, signed by Jonathan Trumbull, Esq., captain-general and commanderin-chief of His Majesty's colony in Connecticut in New England, given under hand and seal of the colony, New Haven, 23d day of October, 9th year of the Reign of our Sovereign Lord George the Third, King of Great Britain, etc., Annoque Domini, 1769, George Wyllys, Sec'ry. Mrs. Tozier is a life member of the National Society, Daughters of the American Revolution. Nine' of her Revolutionary ancestors are registered. Moses Fish, a captain in the colonial wars, and a member of the Connecticut Assembly, voted against the Stamp Act. Peter Knight was with Arnold at Quebec and is said to have witnessed the death of Montgomery. Family tradition is that Peter Knight served as one of General Washington's Life Guard. This has not been verified, but the best authorities state that the Life Guard was changed from time to time and that no complete roll of the Life Guard exists. Eliphelet Stephens (Rev.), ancestor, was in the Wyoming massacre previous to the Revolutionary war; escaping from the Indians, he returned to Connecticut. Mrs. Tozier has spent many years of work in the Daughters of the American Revolution, attending national and state conferences, and has served as a member of the board of management of the Western Reserve Chapter at Cleveland since 1904; elected fourth vice regent, 1906-1908; third vice regent, 1908-10; second vice regent, 1910-12, and was regent of the chapter from June, 1912, to June, 1914. Some of the more important features of her constructive work with the Western Reserve Chapter should be mentioned. She was chairman of a Committee on Lectures to Foreigners, and that was one of the early efforts in Cleveland for Americanization work whose importance is now more thoroughly appreciated than at any other time in the country's history. She also had charge of the first club for boys in the old Haymarket district known as Vinegar Hill. She served two years as a member of the State Regent's Council (19071908), member State Committee on Patriotic Education and Harrison Trail, and was first chairman of a committee of the Western Reserve Chapter to prevent desecration of the American flag and was on many other important committees. Mrs. Tozier's regency of Western Reserve Chapter was marked by many progressive results. The Catherine Avery Memorial Library was founded and deposited with the Western Reserve Historical Society, and the permanent headquarters fund of the local chapter was started. As a past regent Mrs. Tozier is a life member of the board of management of the chapter. She is a life member of the National Society of United States Daughters of 1812, through her ancestors, George Morgan and Ensign George D. Gross. She served this society as second vice president two years, first vice president two years, and for two years was state president (1909-1910). She was for six years state chairman of grave-marking, and during that time verified through the War Department many records of men who 436 - CLEVELAND AND ITS ENVIRONS served in the war. She also had charge of purchasing a tablet marking the Harrison Trail at Port Clinton, Ohio, the site of which was purchased while she was president. A plot of ground at Marblehead, supposed to be the location of the first skirmish of the War of 1812, was presented to the State Society while she was president. She also had charge of the tablet placed by the State Society on the monument erected by Joshua R. Giddings at Marblehead. In October, 1913, she was appointed by the national executive board one of the five charter trustees of the National Society United States Daughters of 1812. This appointment is for life. March 15, 1911, Mrs. Tozier founded the Commodore Perry Chapter, United States Daughters of 1812, with forty-three charter members, many of whom were real daughters of 1812. She became the first regent of the chapter and later was made honorary regent for life. An equally important part of her career has been her work in connection with various civic movements and woman's clubs. She has served as president of the Cleveland Federation of Women's Clubs (1904-05), president and a charter member of the Cleveland Emerson class (1906-07) ; president and charter member of the Inquiry Club (1907-08), formed to study parliamentary law, vice-president and charter member, also chairman of the Executive Board of the Cleveland Council for Women, an organization that worked to influence legislation in the interests of women and children. She is a member of the Woman's Suffrage Party, Cuyahoga County Early Settlers' Association, U and I Literary, Cleveland 011a Podrida, Cleveland Sorosis, honorary member Dorcas, Municipal School League, Consumers' League, State Committee of the Women's Section of the Navy League, National Security League and American Protective League. As charter member of the Women's Club House Association Company she served as vice president and for many years on the board of directors, and was in charge of purchasing the first equipment used by the club and the first membership campaign in women's organizations. She is also a charter member of the Women's City Club of Cleveland. Mrs. Tozier took an active part in raising the funds to assist the sick and disabled travelers, under the auspices of the Cleveland Commercial Travelers. The president of the association later appointed Mrs. Tozier as one of the five trustees in charge of the fund, and for ten years she was a trustee and treasurer. The appointment was made in recognition of service rendered in raising the funds to carry on the work. Mayor Newton D. Baker appointed Mrs. Tozier a member of the Inter-City Commission for the Perry's Victory Centennial, being the only woman among the twenty members of the commission. After the plan of cooperation for that celebration was abandoned Mrs. Tozier was reappointed by Mayor Baker in 1913 as a member of the recognized Cleveland commission and chairman of activities of women's organizations. The mayor appointed her as the only woman member of the Cleveland commission to represent the city at the National Star Spangled Banner Centennial, held in Baltimore in September, 1914. Mayor Preston of Baltimore appointed her an honorary member of the National Star Spangled Banner Centennial Commission. She was also named national vice president for Ohio of the Nation. al Star Spangled Banner Association. Mayor Baker appointed her to represent the City of Cleveland at the unveiling of the Centennial Peace Memorial at St. Louis, February 16, 1915, the occasion being the commemoration of the centenary of peace between Great Britain and the United States. Mrs. Tozier is one of the original founders of the :dational Historical Society, member of the George Washington Memorial Association, the Frances Scott Key Memorial Association, Pocahontas Memorial Association, Betsey Roes Memorial Association, National Geographical Society, National Executive Board Order of the Flag and life member of the Red Cross Society of Japan. As a member of the Cuyahoga County Chapter of the American Red Cross she was one of the committee of one hundred in an early membership campaign and later has answered calls for organization work. As charter member of the Cleveland Independent Day Association she served on the board of directors and was active in the first campaign for funds to carry out the plan for a safe and sane 4th of July. For two years she purchased all the flags used as prizes and the hundreds of flags given the children in the parades. Mrs. Tozier served as a member of the Ohio-Columbus Centennial Committee. In 1916 she was appointed a member of the Advisory Board of the Girls' Home at Warrensville. On April 4, 1917, she was appointed by Mayor Harry L. Davis as a member of the CLEVELAND AND ITS ENVIRONS - 437 Advisory War Commission of Cleveland to serve through the period of the war. In May, 1918, she was appointed a member of the committee of one hundred in the Children's Year drive. In June, 1918, by appointment of Mayor Davis, she was made a member of the Advisory Board of the Nurses Training School of the City Hospital. Mrs. Tozier is experienced in organization work, and is known as a fine parliamentarian and presiding officer. •She has traveled extensively in this country and has been abroad several times. A gift of initiative has proven of advantage in her work and an intensely patriotic nature and love of country has led her to serve in various ways. In the present great crisis of human and national relations Cleveland women probably look to Mrs. Tozier more than to any other local citizen for light and leading in the many difficult and varied forms of work and obligation that constitute woman's war responsibilities. JONAS LEIBEL is one of the prominent clothing manufacturers of Cleveland, has been in business here twenty years, and has built up an industry for the manufacture of ladies' skirts, employing a large number of hands and with a market throughout the Central West. Mr. Leibel was born at Cracow, Austria, March 13, 1868, son of Kiever and Martha (Steiger) Leibel, both of whom spent all their lives at Cracow. His father was born there in 1822 and died in 1906. For a long period of years he conducted an inn in that well known Austrian city. Jonas Leibel had a public school education in his native land and at the age of twenty, in 1888, came to the United States. For the first ten years he lived in New York City, where he was employed in the machinery department of a cloak and silk factory. He learned the business in every detail, and with his experience and a very moderate amount of capital came to Cleveland in November, 1898. The first two years here he was a designer of skirts. Then in 1900 he started in a small way the manufacture of skirts, and this business, of which he is now sole proprietor, has been steadily developed until he occupies half of the entire sixth floor of the Charles Building and in the rush seasons he employs eighty hands. Mr. Leibel is well known in Cleveland business circles, is a member of the Credit Men's Association, of the Chamber of Commerce, of the Cleveland Automobile Club, Masonic bodge and Cleveland Lodge No. 18, Benevolent and Protective Order of Elks, and worships in the Temple at Scoville Avenue and Fifty-fifth Street. In matters of politics he is strictly independent. In New York City in 1894 Mr. Leibel married Miss Rosa Flaumenhaft, daughter of Samuel Flaumenhaft, who still lives in Austria. Mr. and Mrs. Leibel have three children: Martha, a graduate of the Cleveland High School and still at home; Florence, in the sophomore class of the high school; and Carl in Miami Military Institute. W. W. WATSON has his distinctive place among Cleveland business men as a commission merchant, and is treasurer and general manager of the Medina County Creamery Company at .East Fourth Street and Huron Road. Mr. Watson had a varied business experience before coming to Cleveland and has spent all his life in Ohio. He was born at Salem in this state April 18, 1868. Before coming to Ohio the Watson family had their home for some generations in old Bucks County, Pennsylvania. His grandfather, Theodore Watson, was born there and spent part of his mature manhood in that locality. He was a carpenter and contractor and finally removed to Salem, Ohio, where he continued to follow his trade, but spent his last years at Elyria. M. B. Watson, father of W. W., was born in Bucks County, Pennsylvania, in 1828, grew up there and when a young man went to Salem, Ohio, where he married and where for many years he was superintendent of a factory. He was interested in local affairs and for a long period served as councilman at Salem. He was a republican and was affiliated with the Independent Order of Odd Fellows. He died at Salem in 1893. M. B. Watson married Elizabeth Stouffer, who was born in Columbiana County, Ohio, in 1845 and still lives at Salem. She was the mother of three children : Mary, who died at Salem at the age of forty years, was the wife of S. P. Cornell, a bookkeeper, whose home is now in California. W. W.; and Charles, who as a boy of thirteen was accidentally killed in a planing mill at Campbellsville, Kentucky. W. W. Watson during his youth at Salem attended the public schools, graduating from high school, and afterwards finishing a commercial course at Kentucky University at Lexington in 1889. On returning to his na- 438 - CLEVELAND AND ITS ENVIRONS tive city of Salem he entered the postoffice and was city letter carrier for fifteen years. From Salem Mr. Watson came to Cleveland in 1904 and for one year was connected with the Cottage Creamery Company. He then became one of the founders and incorporators of the Medina County Creamery Company and has done much to develop its extensive business as a marketing and commission house, handling butter, eggs and cheese and shipping all over Ohio and as far east as Philadelphia, New York and Washington, D. C. The officers of the company are: A. S. Stouffer, president; D. C. Reed, vice president; W. W. Watson, treasurer and manager; and C. J. Smith, secretary. Mr. Watson is also a stockholder in the Gaylorda Clothing Company. As an outside investment he owns an orange grove of five acres near New Orleans. He is a member of the Cleveland Athletic Club, was formerly identified with the Cleveland Chamber of Commerce, and is a republican voter. In 1918 Mr. Watson built his home in one of Cleveland's most exclusive residence districts, Scarborough Road in Shaker Heights. He married at Salem July 2, 1903, Miss Ella En= trikin, who was also born in that Ohio city, (laughter of William and Armintha Entrikin. Mrs. Entrikin lives with Mr. and Mrs. Watson. The father, now deceased, was a carpenter and contractor. WALTER C. MYERS. In the coal trade of Cleveland few men in recent years have come to the forefront so rapidly as has Walter C. Myers. He has been connected with this line of business only since 1910 and as an official only since 1915, yet he is already recognized as an influence and a force and is associated. with several prominent and successful companies here. Mr. Myers is typical of the busy, energetic spirit of Cleveland, as this is his native city, and here his training, both educational and business, has been received. He was born July 22, 1886, at 407 Garden Street (now Central Avenue). His father, Christopher Myers, was born in Cleveland in 1851. The founder of the family here was Grandfather Myers, who in the early '60s enlisted his services in the Union army for the Civil war. In one of the battles in which he engaged he was among those reported missing, and his family never received any definite intelligence as to his end. Christopher Myers lived from the age of seven to eighteen at Wellington, Ohio, but in 1869 returned to Cleveland, and after being employed at various occupations engaged in business for himself in 1881 as a dealer in coal and wood. His headquarters were first at 768 Central Avenue and later at 39 Richland Avenue. He was a business man of the city until his death in 1897. In politics he was a democrat. Christopher Myers married Margaret Jane Crowe, who was born at Douglas on the Isle of Man in 1854 and died at Cleveland in 1916. They had two children, Harry and Walter C. The former for the past sixteen years has been connected with the Pennsylvania Railway Company and lives at Cleveland. Walter C. Myers was educated in the public schools at Cleveland and in Wickliffe and Willoughby, Ohio. He left school at the age of thirteen, and the greater part of his education has been secured in the school of experience. After his father's death it became necessary that he go to work, and his first contact with the affairs of the business world came while wearing a messenger boy's uniform for the Western Union Telegraph Company. He was ambitious, industrious and capable, and was soon promoted to clerk. He was with the Western Union about three years and, in 1901, went to work in the offices of the Pennsylvania Railroad, beginning as yard clerk and being promoted to agent's chief clerk in the Kinsman Street yards. He was in the railroad service until April, 1910, when he entered the coal business as traffic manager and city salesman of the Goshen Coal Company. Later he was identified with the Goff-Kirby Company until August 1, 1915. In that year he organized the Myers Coal and Coke Company. November 29. 1916, the company was incorporated under the laws of Ohio with the following officers : D. P. Loomis, president ; Fred Storm. vice president; W. C. Myers, treasurer; and G. F. Johnston, secretary. The company is in the wholesale coke and coal business, having a market all over Northern Ohio and in the state of Michigan. Much of its business is of a brokerage character, handling the gas house coke and shipping No. 8 and No. 6 Ohio coal, West Virginia coal and Kentucky coal. The offices of the company are in the Arcade. Mr. Myers is also secretary of the Brown Coal Mining Company, owning properties at New Philadelphia. On July 25, 1906, at Cleveland, Mr. Myers married Miss Anna M. Ernst, a daughter of Andrew and Rosa Ernst, who reside on Rozelle Avenue in East Cleveland. Mr. and Mrs. Myers have three children: Ralph Ernst, CLEVELAND AND ITS ENVIRONS - 439 born December 18, 1907, Walter J., born April 9,1909 ; and Eleanor Rose Margaret, born February 13, 1915. In politics Mr. Myers is a republican and has taken an active interest in political affairs in his home community, although merely as a good citizen' and in support of his friends and not as a seeker for personal preferment. He is affiliated with Woodward Lodge No. 508, Free and Accepted Masons; Al Sirat Grotto No. 17, and with Buckeye Lodge No. 312, Independent Order of Foresters. He is a member of the Cleveland Chamber of Commerce. DION MOLDOVAN. Lawyer, editor and author, Dion Muldovan, publisher of the Romanul, the leading exponent of Roumanian language and thought in America, occupies a position of much importance at Cleveland. He has been a truly helpful factor to the Roumanian people here, nobly employing his talents and professional acquirements in their behalf in assisting them to come to a full understanding of the laws of this land and the privileges belonging to American citizenship. For years he has made this work an integral part of his life, and largely through his illuminative writings have his countrymen learned how to remove the word alien from their names and how to enter into the enjoy-„lent of the benefits assured them by becoming American citizens. To the beneficent offices of Mr. Moldovan many of them owe Almost everything in the way of material prosperity, and both they and this country are greatly indebted to him. Dion Moldovan was born November 11, 1881, at Volcz, Roumania. His parents were John and Mary (Laurentzi) Moldovan. His father was born in 1853, at Volcz, where he yet resides and is a man of importance, having served his city in many official capacities with similar powers and duties that belong to the highest municipal officials of American cities. As the law of universal military service prevails in that country, he served a specified time in the Austrian army. He married Mary Laurentzi, who was born at Mediaseh, Hungary, and they have three children: Mary, who is the wife of Fritz Bargyel, an engineer, and they live in Roumania; Victor, who lives at Radnoth, Hungary, and is district veterinarian; and Dion, the youngest and the only one of the family to seek home and wider opportunity in the United States. Dion Moldovan attended the public schools in Hungary, but his educational opportunities extended much further, even to the great universities at Vienna and Budapest • and Klausenburg (Kolozsvar), from which he was graduated in 1903, with his degree of LL. D. He engaged in the practice of law at Szaszsebes until 1908, when he came to Cleveland, where many Hungarians and Roumanians have found employment, his visit of ten months being largely in the shape of a mission to study the conditions surrounding his countrymen here. For another ten months he engaged in the practice of his profession at Nagyszeben, Hungary, at the end of which time he was sent to New York by the largest Roumanian bank in Hungary to establish a branch in that city. Owing, however, to some adverse influences and mainly to the general state of business depression caused by the World war, Mr. Moldovan thought the venture inexpedient at this time. Upon his return to Cleveland, Mr. Moldovan became immersed in literary work, following up the publication of his first book by valuable papers and pamphlets. In 1904 the Romannl was established at Cleveland. He became editor and publisher and has so continued. It is issued semi-weekly and is the leading paper published in the Roumanian language in the United States and is well supported. In 1908 Mr. Moldovan published his first book, "The Legal Adviser,” issuing it in the Roumanian language, and after returning to Cleveland he published his notable pamphlet bearing the title "How to Become a Citizen of the United States." In March, 1917, he published an exhaustive and informative book bearing the title "The Sfatuitorul Legal," which includes an interpretation of the working men's compensation law, with an annex of other laws most beneficial and informative, the Constitution of the United States and a list of questions both in English and Roumanian in regard to citizenship papers. It is an invaluable work for those for whom it was so carefully and thoughtfully prepared. Still another valuable pamphlet has come from Mr. Moldovan's pen, entitled "Where Will Be Your Home t" on the same lines as other of his writings. This pamphlet covers such important subjects that it is proposed to issue it in ten different languages besides English and Roumanian. In 1907 Mr. Moldovan was married to Wanda Crctioescu de Eney at Szaazsebes, 440 - CLEVELAND AND ITS ENVIRONS Hungary, a brilliant woman of noble descent. They are members of the Greek Catholic Church. SOL BLOOMFIELD is vice president and treasurer of the Lattin-Bloomfield Company, one of the largest skirt manufacturing concerns in the Middle West. Mr. Bloomfield became a member of this organization when it was organized and established in 1906. The company has had a prosperous business record. After occupying several different locations, they established themselves in 1917 in a large and well equipped plant at 1211-19 West Ninth Street. The plant, which employs about 150 hands, makes all grades and types of skirts, and the company is a member of the National Cloak, Suit and Skirt Manufacturers' Association. H. A. Lattin is president; Mr. Bloomfield, vice president and treasurer; and E. A. Overbeke, secretary of the company. Mr. Sol Bloomfield was born in New York City February 1, 1884. Three years later his parents, Mr. and Mrs. Moses Bloomfield, came to Cleveland, and in this city Sol Bloomfield has spent practically all his life. He was educated in the public schools, and from schoolboy he became an apprentice workman with M. T. Silver & Company, a local cloak manufacturing concern. He was with that company in varying responsibilities until in 1906 he joined the Lattin-Bloomfield Company. Mr. Bloomfield is a member of the Cleveland Yacht Club and the Lakewood Chamber of Commerce, is a thirty-seeond degree consistory Mason, affiliated with Forest City Lodge, Free and Accepted Masons; Webb Chapter, Royal Arch Masons; and Zagazig Shrine, and is also a member of the Benevolent and Protective Order of Elks. He is a republican voter. He married Sarah Robison, a native of Cleveland and daughter of Aaron and Rose Robison. Mr. and Mrs. Bloomfield have three children ; Lillian Mae, Howard Irving and Edith Jean. JOHN F. JOHNSON began his business career very early in life, was for a number of years a stock and bond broker, but more recently has become identified with that growing number of Cleveland's industries manufacturing automobiles and automobile accessories, and is active head of the Sharp Spark Plug Company. Mr. Johnson was born in Cleveland Febru ary 10, 1878, a son of David M. and Eliza (Hauserman) Johnson. His early youth was spent in the Village of Brooklyn, now part of City of Cleveland, and at the age of sixteen he left high school there to get his first experience in the stock and bond business. For about fifteen years he was in that business on his own account. He then organized the Sharp Spark Plug Company, and has been its president and the active director of its affairs. The company maintains its business headquarters in Cleveland while the factory and works are at Wellington, Ohio. Established in 1910, the business has enjoyed a phenomenal growth. Every year has represented an increase of output amounting to more than 100 per cent over the previous year's record. The automobile trade and the general public are thoroughly acquainted with the product of this company, the Sharp Spark Plugs, and the entire factory is devoted exclusively to this one line of manufacture. At the beginning three men constituted the productive force in the small factory, while today 200 people are employed. In 1914 Mr. Johnson also became interested in the Stadler Refining Company, and has since been vice president and treasurer of that Cleveland corporation. Fraternally he is affiliated with Halcyon Lodge, Free and Accepted Masons; Thatcher Chapter, Royal Arch Masons, Forest City Commandery, Knights Templar; Al Koran Temple of the Mystic Shrine, and with the Knights of Pythias. He is a member of the Cleveland Athletic Club, the Automobile Club and the Rotary Club, and votes independently at elections. At Cleveland, July 30. 1900, he married Julia F. Wagner. They have two children, Wesley. a student in the West Technical School. and Janice, a student in the Hathaway-Brown School for Girls. EDWARD J. KORTAN, a practical foundry-man, is secretary and treasurer of the K. & M. Brass and Aluminum Castings Company, an industry that has been growing and prospering since Mr. Kortan established it a few years ago. The new foundry and plant is located at East One Hundred and Eighth Street and Harvard Avenue. Mr. Kortan is a native of Cleveland and his business and industrial experience was gained in this locality. He was born June 20, 1887. His father. John Kortan, born in Austria Hungary in 1844, was six yeas old when. in 1860. his parents came to the United States. From New York City the family went CLEVELAND AND ITS ENVIRONS - 441 West to Missouri, but in 1863 established their home in Cleveland. Grandfather Kortan lived retired in this city until his death. He passed away before his grandson Edward was born. John Kortan became a machinist and was connected with different concerns in Cleveland until his death in 1892. He was a democratic voter and a member of the Catholic Church. He married, in Cleveland, Mary Zelabak, who was born in Austria-Hungary in 1851 and is still living at Cleveland. Her children were: Mary, wife of Joseph Novak, living at 4000 Riverside Avenue, Cleveland, Mr. Novak being a tinsmith ; Joseph, a printer living in Cleveland ; Roman, a farmer at Strongsville, Ohio; and Edward J. Edward J. Kortan was educated in the parochial schools of Cleveland up to the age of fourteen, after which he turned his hand to any acceptable employment that would furnish experience and give him a living. A few years later he went to work for the Ohio Brass & Iron Company, and he accepted this opportunity to learn the foundry business thoroughly in all details. He has followed the trade continuously ever since. In 1914 he and R. S. Male formed a partnership known as the K. & M. Castings Company. In 1915 the business was incorporated under the laws of Ohio, the name changed to the K. & M. Brass and Aluminum Castings Company, and since that date Mr. Kortan has been secretary and treasurer of the corporation. The other officers are: A. F. Mesch, president; E. J. Englebrecht, vice president; and R. S. Male, manager. In 1917 the company erected a complete new plant and the business has already assumed proportions where it is spoken of among the leading industries of the city. The company manufactures automobile castings, plumbing supplies and does general jobbing work in brass and aluminum. Seventy-five hands are employed, and the output is taken up by the local demand in Cleveland and vicinity. Mr. Kortan is also a stockholder in the Ohio State Mutual Insurance Company and the Maryland Casualty Insurance Company. He is independent in politics and a member of the Catholic Church. Mr. Kortan and family live in their own residence at 3925 Riverside Avenue. He married, in Cleveland, in 1915, Miss Bertha Fried], daughter of Gabriel and Anna (Frantz) Friedl. Her parents live at Cleveland, her father being employed with the Cleveland Twist Drill Corn- pany. Mr. and Mrs. Kortan have one daughter, Clarice, born March 5, 1917. ARTHUR J. HUSTON, secretary of the Ohio Rubber Company, at 727 St. Clair Avenue, West, is one of those exceptional men who by native talent and experience have conquered many of the heights of success in the field of salesmanship. Mr. Huston is not only a salesman but a business executive and organizer, and it was his qualifications in these various fields that have enabled him to do so much for the support and upbuilding of the Ohio Rubber Company, which is one of the pioneer concerns of its kind at Cleveland. Mr. Huston was born in Delaware County, Iowa, August 5, 1870, only son and child of George B. and Francelia M. (Trowbridge) Huston. He is of Scotch ancestry. A number of generations ago the Hustons lived in Scotland, from there moved to the north of Ireland, and after a generation or two some of the family immigrated to America and settled in Rhode Island in colonial times. The home of the Huston family has been in Northern Ohio, near Cleveland, for many years. The late George B. Huston was born at Willoughby, Ohio, grew up in that community, and in early youth enlisted in Col. Rutherford B. Hayes' regiment. lie was all through the Civil war, participated in some of the hard-fought Virginia campaigns under General McClellan, and among other great battles, was at Antietam. After the war he returned to Willoughby and married and located at Cleveland, going from there to Iowa, where his son was born. In 1876 the family came back to Cleveland and for a number of years George B. Huston was in the employ of.the well known house of Benedict & Reudy. He finally entered the United States mail service, and was in that line of work until he died. His death occurred in Chicago. He was a republican, a member of the Grand. Army of the Republic and the Masonic fraternity and of the Methodist Episcopal Church. His widow, Mrs. Francelia M. Huston, who was born at Solon, Ohio, in 1848, has made her home with her son for the most part, but at present is living at Los Angeles, California. Arthur J. Huston acquired his education in the public schools of Cleveland, attending high school one year. When sixteen he started to work with the George Worthington Company, a noted pioneer wholesale hard- 442 - CLEVELAND AND ITS ENVIRONS ware firm on St. Clair Avenue. He was with them one year, for two years was with Root & McBride, had eight months of experience in the great merchandise house of Marshall Field at Chicago, and on returning to Cleveland spent two years with John Lowe, the umbrella manufacturer. For nine years, as sole traveling representative of the Hart Manufacturing Company of Cleveland, Mr. Huston covered the entire United States, Canada and Mexico. He left that firm to promote the sales of the Lunkenheimer Company at Cincinnati, manufacturers of engineering specialties. He spent three years with the company and in that time covered territory all the way from Cleveland to San Francisco, California, and from Duluth, Minnesota, to Los Angeles. Mr. Huston has been connected with the Ohio Rubber Company since 1906, as secretary. This well known firm handles practically everything in the line of rubber goods, including mechanical rubber' goods, rubber clothing, boots and shoes, automobile tires, all kinds of belting, etc. The officers of the company are : Henry Hallock, president; A. C. Ernst, vice president; Arthur J. Huston, secretary ; and Franklin Z. Smith, cashier. Mr. Huston is affiliated with Tyrian Lodge, Free and Accepted Masons; Webb Chapter, Royal Arch Masons; is a member of the Cleveland Athletic Club the Rotary Club, and is independent in politics. He owns one of the comfortable homes of Cleveland Heights, at 2973 Somerton Road. August 2, 1916, at Chicago, Mr. Huston married Mrs. Alice (Jones) Burroughs. Mrs. Huston was born in Cleveland. RAYMOND CLIFFORD THOMAS, representing the younger element in Cleveland, was born in this city January 3, 1892, and his career is of importance because of the steadiness with which he has stuck to one line of work and the place he has already gained at the age of only twenty-six. He discontinued his work in the public schools at the age of fifteen to enter the employ of the old Scott Griggs Company, a well known furniture house of the time. For one year he remained there, and his chief duties consisted of dusting furniture. The following year he had a better opportunity, working as a salesman with the Ohio Sample Furniture Company. After two years' practical apprenticeship he entered the great house with which he is still connected, the Conrad Baisch Kroehle Company. From salesman he was promoted to floor manager and is now manager of the company's branch at 7401 Wade Park Avenue, known as the Rose Furniture Company. The Conrad Baisch Kroehle Company is the largest house of its kind in Cleveland. The main store is at 7318 Wade Park Avenue, and altogether there are six branch stores in Cleveland and three in New York City. A. J. Conrad is president of the company, A. E. Kroehle is vice president and Miss Florence Sherman is the secretary and treasurer. Mr. Thomas is also a stockholder in the corporation. Mr. Thomas is of Welsh ancestry. His grandfather spent his life at Pontipools, Wales, where he followed the work of miner. J. W. Thomas, father of Raymond C., was born at Pontipools, Wales, in 1845. In 1866 he left his native country and came to Cleveland, where he married and where for forty-two years he was located while doing his work as railroad engineer with the Newburg & South Shore Railway. He was an honored old-timer of Cleveland and died in that city in 1911. Politically he voted as a republican and was a very faithful worker and deacon in the Jones Avenue Congregational Church. He married Sarah Jones. who was born in Liverpool, England, in 1848, and died at Cleveland in 1917. Emma, the oldest of their children, if the wife of J. L. Young, president of the Young Furniture Company, and living at 14715 Lake Shore Boulevard. Edward J., second in the family is auditor and bookkeeper for the Young Furniture Company and resides at 14 Groveland Club on Lake Shore Boulevard. Sarah L., whose home is at 2096 East Ninety-sixth Street, is the wife of Lieut. Edward Thompson, who for the past fourteen years has been a member of the regular United States army, with the rank of lieutenant. Raymond Clifford Thomas was the fourth and youngest of his parents' children. He resides at 404 East One Hundred and Forty. seventh Street. Mr. Thomas is a republican. is affiliated with Forest City Lodge, No. 388. Free and Accepted Masons; Washington Lodge, No. 10, Knights of Pythias, Centennial Tent, No. 399, Knights of the Maccabees. and is a member of the Cleveland Chamber of Commerce. July 6, 1915, at Louisville, Kentucky, he married Miss Hester Siebert, daughter of C. W. and Effie (Jones) Siebert, both of whom now reside with Mr. and Mrs. Thomas. Mr. Siebert is employed in the Rose CLEVELAND AND ITS ENVIRONS - 443 Furniture Company. Mr. and Mrs. Thomas have two sons: Raymond Clifford, Jr., born June 23, 1916; and C. W. Thomas, born March 27, 1918. SAM W. EMERSON. In gathering interesting data concerning Cleveland and her men of large achievement, an example of native talent and notable success is found in Sam W. Emerson, who after thorough preparation and long experience organized the contracting company which hears his name and of which he is president. This company has been concerned in much of the important construction work that has recently added so materially to Cleveland's building activity. Sam W. Emerson was born at Cleveland and is a son of James and Kate (McKnight) Emerson. He attended the public schools until his graduation from the Central High school in 1898, and then took the civil engineering course at Case School of Applied Science, from which he was graduated in 1902, receiving the degrees of Bachelor of Science and Civil Engineer. After graduating from college he spent five years in engineering and construction work in various parts of this country and Canada. Upon his return again to his native city he was engaged as engineer of construction in the city building department and later as a consulting engineer, specializing in the design of reinforced concrete buildings. In 1911 Mr. Emerson started the contracting business which was later incorporated as the Sam W. Emerson Company. This company at first devoted itself mainly to reinforced concrete work, but in recent years has broadened its activities to include all types of factory buildings, warehouses and commercial buildings. Mr. Emerson was married in this city, June 15, 1909, to Miss Florence Taylor, and they have three children, Florence, Janet and Peggy. In political life Mr. Emerson has chosen to be independent of party organizations but is one of the city's active and conscientious workers in the cause of good citizenship. He is president of the Builders Exchange and a member of the Cleveland Engineering Society, Chamber of Commerce, and the Cleveland Athletic Club. Fraternally he is a Mason and a noble of the Mystic Shrine. Mr. Emerson has always been interested in athletics, and during his school days he played on the football teams of Central High and the Case School of Applied Science. As a member of Phi Kappa Psi, Mr. Emerson has always been an active fraternity man and served for eight years as president of the corporation which financed, built and operates its chapter house. He was also elected to membership in the honorary fraternity Tau Beta Pi. In 1918 he was elected president of the Case Alumni Association. ALBERT E. THOMPSON is one of the veterans of the Great Lakes traffic. He has been a resident of Cleveland thirty years, and since then and prior to that time has been almost continuously identified with some work connecting him with Great Lakes transportation. He has filled grades of service from about the lowest to some of the most responsible offices, and at present is assistant to the general manager of the Cleveland & Buffalo Transit Company, one of the largest individual organizations among Great Lakes carriers. Mr. Thompson is a native of England, born at Barnsley, in Yorkshire, May 14, 1863. His father, Robert Thompson, was born at Thirst, in Yorkshire, in 1840, and spent all his life in England. He was a dry goods merchant at Barnsley for forty years. He died at Manchester in 1913. He was a liberal in politics and a very active leader in the Methodist Episcopal Church. Robert Thompson married Mary J. Newsome, who was born at the same place in Yorkshire as her husband, in 1843. She died at Manchester in 1911. Her children were: Thomas R.. a retired resident of Cleveland; Joseph. who lives at Manchester. England ; Albert E.: Sarah. who married Laban Solomon. a professor of music at Elsecar. England. and both are now deceased ; Emma. wife of Lee Horner. a designer living at Manchester: and Edith, unmarried. and living in London. Albert E. Thompson was given his early education at Barnsley and in 1882 graduated from the Brampton Commercial College. About his first experience was teaching school at his native town for two 'ears. In 1885 Mr. Thompson came to America, and his first location was at Toronto. where for eight months he was associated with M. Quinn in the dry goods business. He then came into the T'nited States and at Detroit found opportunity to go to work for the D. & C. Navigation Company as a cabin boy. That was his entrance into the field of Great Lakes transportation. Hardly a phase of the work has escaped his experience. For a number of years he was in the steward's department. 444 - CLEVELAND AND ITS ENVIRONS and in 1888 removed to Cleveland, where with Mr. T. F. Newman he established the city ticket office of the D. & C. Navigation Company and the Nickel Plate Railway, the office being in the old Weddle Building. He was office manager there for five years. For a time he was out of direct connection with lake transportation through organizing the Euclid Beach Park Company, and bought sixty-three acres on the lake. He was manager of this business and recreation enterprise for two years, when he resigned and returned to the D. & C. Navigation Company as their commercial agent. That position he filled fourteen years. Mr. Thompson then organized the Eastland Steamship Company of which he was manager two years. He then operated a steamer between Cleveland and Port Stanley, organizing the Cleveland and Port Stanley Navigation Company, of which he was general manager three years. In 1913 Mr. Thompson came with the Cleveland & I3uffalo Transit Company as excursion agent. Other responsibilities have been given him, until he is now assistant to the general manager. His offices are at the foot of East Ninth Street. The public is generally familiar with the Cleveland & Buffalo Transit Company. It operates both passenger and freight steamers between Cleveland and Buffalo and has the very largest boats afloat on the lakes. Mr. Thompson is an independent voter, a member of the Trinity Methodist Episcopal Church, and is affiliated with the Masons, Knights of Pythias and the Benevolent and Protective Order of Elks. His home is at 9903 Clifton Boulevard. Mr. Thompson married, at Detroit. in 1887, Miss Ella Clowrey, daughter of Mr. and Mrs. John Clowrey, now deceased. To their marriage have been born five children. Robert, a graduate of Wooster University at Wooster. Ohio, is a resident of Youngstown and manager of the Youngstown branch of the Republic Truck Company; William Lahan, the second child, is a graduate of Kenyon College and is now captain of the Three Hundred and Twentieth Infantry in the United States army; Mabel married Emanuel Brunner, a sergeant in the aviation service at Dayton, Ohio; Helen is the wife of Harry D. Fay, a professor of music living at Lakewood, Ohio ; the youngest is Violet, a student in high school. REV. ALEXANDER TOTH. The large Hungarian population of Cleveland recognizes as one of its best informed and most progressive leaders the pastor of the Hungarian Reformed Church at 2850 Seventy-ninth Street, Rev. Alexander Toth, who has been the spiritual adviser and head of this congregation since 1911. The church was established in Cleveland in 1891 by Rev. Gustave Juranyi. It is the only Hungarian Reformed church for the East Side of Cleveland, and there is now a more recently established church of the same denomination on the West Side. Its membership has grown until it now constitutes 800 souls. It is a large and prosperous congregation and besides the church itself, the group of buildings includes a parsonage and school adjoining the church, and five other dwelling houses are owned by the congregation. Rev. Mr. Toth was born at Körösladany, Hungary, October 12, 1884. His father, Alexander Toth, Sr., is a graduate of the University of Debreczen and is now pastor of the Hungarian Reformed Church at Runesorba. Ile married Janka Borovszky. Their children are: Alexander; Geyza, who is a jeweler designer living in New York City ; Bela and Gyula, both of whom are in war service; Ladislaus, who lives with his parents at Kuncsorba ; Joseph and Emilia, young people who are also with their parents. Rev. Alexander Toth acquired his preliminary education at Bekes and Budapest. He entered the University of Debreczen for a theological education, spending four years there, took post-graduate work in theology at the University of Geneva, Switzerland. for two years. In 1909 he came to the United States, and his first pastorate, continuing two years, was with the Hungarian Reformed Church at Buffalo, New York. Then in 1911 he took his present charge at Cleveland. Rev. Mr. Toth is secretary of the western classes of the Hungarian Reformed Church in America. He is also vice president of the American-Hungarian. Reformed Federation. This Federation has a national charter given by Congress, one of the few charters of the kind granted to any organization. Rev. Mr. Toth married August 19, 1909, at Devavanya, Hungary, Rose Nagy. They have two children: Alexander Bela, born November 1, 1910, at Buffalo, New York; and Magdalene Edith, born August 12, 1916, at Cleveland. CLEVELAND AND ITS ENVIRONS - 445 LOUIS A. KLING. Along the Lake Shore Railroad at East One Hundred and Fortieth Street is one of Cleveland's most important and widely known industries, the G. C. Kuhlman Car Company. The cars manufactured by this company for electric railroads are found in nearly every important city of America. The superintendent of the company is a comparatively young man who has had an unusual series of promotions and has demonstrated efficiency of the highest type. Louis A. Kling was born at St. Louis, Missouri, March 13, 1881. He comes of a family of mechanics, his father having been a car builder, and undoubtedly the family traits of industry and skill were inherited by him and accounts for his accomplishments. He was educated in the public schools of St. Louis, attending high school there two years. At the age of sixteen he went to work as a learner or apprentice to the trade of car builder. If there is any item of car building as a profession which is not covered by his experience no one has ever discovered it. He first worked in the car building or erecting branch, then learned cabinet making as applied to car construction, had experience in store keeping and time keeping and, above all, he early learned and showed a readiness to assume responsibility. In 1900 Mr. Kling went East for the John Stephenson Company of Elizabeth, New Jersey, where he continued his apprenticeship, being employed in the wood working machinery branch and the layout department. Following that he was complaint adjuster or mechanical road man for the company until 1903, and was then called back to the home offices and made chief draughtsman. In September, 1905, the company put him in full charge of the plant. Then in the middle of November, 1905, he was promoted to superintendent. That was a stage in his career such as few men of his age ever attain. He was superintendent of an industry employing five hundred men and his twenty-fifth birthday was still several months ahead. He continued as superintendent of the Stephenson Company until 1910, when this plant was closed. After that Mr. Kling was sales engineer with the J. G. Brill Company of Philadelphia until Jnly, 1912. At that date this company sent him to Cleveland as superintendent of the G. C. Kuhlman Company and for the past six years he has been responsible executive in charge of design of all products of the plant at East One Hundred and Fortieth Street. Under his supervision he has frequently had as many as 650 workmen. The output of the Kuhlman Company is chiefly street car bodies for both city and interurban lines, also electric freight cars and snow sweepers. Mr. Kling's father, Peter M. Kling, who is now living retired at Laconia, New Hampshire, was born in Denmark. He lived there to the age of fifteen. He had an adventurous spirit, which especially took the form of a longing and desire to become an American. Unable to resist this urge and having no better means to satisfy it, he became a stowaway on a boat bound for American shores. His first important stop in the United States was made in St. Charles, Missouri, where he was employed in a wagon shop. Later he went to St. Louis and worked in wagon shops and was married in that city. In 1889 Peter M. Kling organized the St. Louis Car Company, of which he was vice president and general manager until 1900. He then took the general management of the John Stephenson Company at Elizabeth, New Jersey, and superintended the building of street cars with that company until September, 1905. His next employment was as manager of the passenger steel car department of the Pressed Steel Car Company of Pittsburgh. On leaving the service of that organization he retired temporarily, and then resumed work at Elizabeth, New Jersey, for two years, another two years were spent with the Brooklyn Rapid Transit Company, and he then removed to Laconia, New Hampshire, and became assistant to the president of the Laconia Car Company. He permanently retired from business in 1917. For many years he has been an active republican in politics and while living at Elizabeth, New Jersey, served as excise commissioner. Peter M. Kling married Minnie Casper, a native of St. Louis. Her father, Frederick C. Casper, was born in Germany, served a time in the German army, and on coming to America located in St. Louis, where he spent most of his life as a shoemaker. Peter M. Kling and wife had the following children: Louis A.; Fred, an employe of the Eaconia Car Company, resides at Laconia, New Hampshire; Peter, who died in infancy; Wilbert, who is chief engineer of the Laconia Car Company of Laconia, New Hampshire; Raymond, who died at the age of five and a half years; Ella, who lives at Nevada, Missouri, and is studying Theropathy or advanced Chiropractic; Mabel, who died when 446 - CLEVELAND AND ITS ENVIRONS two and a half years old; Elmer, who died in infancy; Milton, a high school student at Laconia, New Hampshire. Mr. Kling is especially well known in engineering circles, is a member of the American Society of Mechanical Engineers, the Cleveland Engineering Society, belongs to the New York Railroad Club, Cleveland Automobile Club, the Cleveland Athletic Club, and is a contributing member of Company F of the Fifth Infantry, Ohio National Guard. He is affiliated with Pentalpha Lodge No. 36, Free and Accepted Masons, in East Cleveland. Politically his affiliations are independent. Mr. Kling resides at 1208 Carlyon Road. November 23, 1910, he married at Jersey City, New Jersey, Miss Elvira C. Brown, daughter of Christian and Anna (Beck) Brown. Christian Brown, who lives with Mr. and Mrs. Kling in Cleveland, spent his active life along the Jersey shore near New York City. For twenty-five years he had the responsibility of handling all the dynamite for the Dupont Powder Company in New York Harbor. Later for nine years he owned and sailed a fishing boat out of Jersey City. To Mr. and Mrs. Kling have been born four children: Robert and another son, both of whom died in infancy, and Dorothy Anna, born August 4, 1916, and Mabel Irene, born April 1, 1918, the last two of whom are living. JOHN KALSCH, JR. A number of attractive homes in Cleveland and environs testify to the good taste and personal skill of John Kalsch, Jr. architect, whose offices are at 4500 Euclid Avenue. Mr. Kalsch doubtless inherits his artistic perceptions from his French ancestors, and a long and thorough apprenticeship and practical experience and study have brought him a substantial position in his calling. Mr. Kalsch is all but a native of the United States, having been brought here by his parents when a year old. lie was born August 18, 1890, at Badenvillirs, Meurthe-et-Moselle, France. His grandfather, John Kalsch, was born in Alsace-Lorraine in 1835, and spent most of the years of his life at 131amont, where he was caretaker for an estate. Ile finally retired and went to Paris to live, where he died in 1900. He was in the French army during the Franco-Prussian var. John Kalsch, Sr., was born at Blamont, Meurtheet-Moselle, France, in 1860, was reared, educated and married in his native land, and saw seven years of service with the French armies. He learned telegraphy, and for a time was stationed as an operator at Luneville, France. On April 14, 1891, he brought his family to America and settled in Cleveland and since that time has followed the profession of gardener and florist. He was privately employed by Mr. Daniel R. Hanna in Cleveland, and after 1912 in Ravenna, Ohio. Since 1916 lie has lived at Interlaken, Massachusetts, where he still continues his work as gardener and florist. As an American citizen he votes the republican ticket. John Kalsch, Sr., married Helene Sounier, who was born at Badenvillirs, France, in 1869. Her father, Joseph Sounier, was born in the same locality in 1832 and spent his life there, dying in September, 1914. He was a farmer and also helped battle the forces of the German Empire in the Franco-Prussian war. John Kalsch, Sr., and wife have four children: John; Catherine, wife of Carl Kissel, a carpenter living at Ravenna; Helen, wife of William C. Shetler, who is chief clerk of the Pennsylvania Railway offices at Ravenna; and Albert William, at home with his parents in Interlaken, Massachusetts. John, Kalsch, Jr., grew up and received his education at Cleveland, and attended the grammar schools and high school to the age of fifteen. His technical education was acquired by long work and experience. in architects' offices, and his skill and proficiency are the fruit of sustained labor and study carried on in direct connection with the building trades and the architectural profession. Mr. Kalsch entered business for himself in April, 1915, with offices at 4500 Euclid Avenue. His specialty is the designing of residences and he has already built up a good business. Representing some of his ideas in modern residence construction is his own home at 2637 Idlewood Road, which he built in 1916. Mr. Kalsch married at Ravenna, Ohio, in 1913, Miss Isabel Dobbie. daughter of James and Mary J. (Sebastian) Dobbie. Her parents are now deceased. Her father was a millwright by trade. Mr. and Mrs. Kalsch have three children : William, born May 1. 1915 ; John, who carries a name that has been assigned to every member of the different generations of the Kalsch family, and his twin sister, Jean, born March 9, 1917. CHARLES H. FERGUSON was born in Cleveland about thirty years ago, on May 21, 1887. CLEVELAND AND ITS ENVIRONS - 447 son of Charles A. and Elizabeth (Parkin) Ferguson. His age is mentioned at the beginning because the reader will regard it as significant that a man with so few years to his credit has accomplished so much in the way of substantial achievement in business affairs. His schooling ended when he left the Shaw High School at the age of seventeen. The next six months he worked as an office boy with the Cuyahoga Telephone Company. That was only a temporary experience, and some of life's real opportunities opened to him during the year and a half he spent in the drafting room of the Carey Construction Company. It has been in the construction business that he has made his success. From the drafting room he was put out in the field by the Carey Company as timekeeper for seven months, and then for two years acquired both knowledge and experience by working as a day laborer with the firm. This was really in the nature of an apprenticeship or service in the ranks, from which he was promoted to foreman, and finally to superintendent. After leaving the Carey Company he was for eight months superintendent of construction for Andrew Dall, contractor, and then went on the road as a salesman for two years with the American Steel & Wire Company. Mr. Ferguson next capitalized his experience and earnings by organizing the Builder Specialty Company, of which he was president until 1916, when the firm was closed. In November of that year he organized the C. H. Ferguson Company, of which he is president and general manager. The largest part of the business of the company is done as representing the J. S. Thorn Company of Philadelphia, manufacturers of solid steel windows. The Ferguson Company does a large business contracting for the erection, painting and glazing of these windows, and the firm also represents the Advance Company, manufacturers of mechanical operating devices for opening and closing steel windows. The C. H. Ferguson Company is a young organization but it has within it all the elements of growth and expansion. At the beginning there were three persons in the office and a field force of five men, while today the office force comprises nine and at seasons of the year from 150 to 200 men are required in the work of installing and erecting on the present contracts of the company. In 1917, practically the first year of the com- Vol. III-29 pany's operations, the value of business done was fully $150,000. The company's headquarters in Cleveland are in the Vickers Building at 6523 Euclid Avenue, and they also have a branch office at Buffalo, New York. It is obvious that the business of this firm is not confined to one city or one locality. The extent of their operations is revealed by contracts now in course of fulfillment or recently filled. They installed steel windows in buildings at Madison, Wisconsin; Savannah, Georgia; Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania ; Indianapolis ; Chicago; Buffalo; Watertown, New York; and Cincinnati, Akron and Carey, Ohio. Only recently this company did the finishing window work for the Curtis Aeroplane factory at Buffalo, New York, the largest factory of its type in the United States, and incidentally it may be mentioned that the building was put up in the shortest time on record. Most of the work of the Ferguson Company is now Government orders. Associated with Mr. Ferguson as president of the company is H. S. Mills as vice president and A. C. Butler secretary and treasurer. Though at the head of a successful business, Mr. Ferguson is also carrying his studies in the Cleveland Law School and will in time be a member of the bar, though whether business or the profession makes the chief claim upon his energies remains to be decided later. In politics Mr. Ferguson is a republican. He married at Elyria, Ohio, September 13, 1908, Miss Laura Hengartner. ELEANOR MCKINLEY ROSE PEARSON. The life of a notable Cleveland woman came to a close January 8, 1917. Eleanor McKinley Rose Pearson was one of the last survivors of the real Daughters of 1812. That distinction was one that she greatly cherished during her last years, and for that reason her daughter Mrs. Penfield had the Commodore Perry Chapter take charge of the funeral services. These services were held in the beautiful Wade Memorial with the decorated Tiffany window as a background and the 1812 silk flag standing sentinel over the casket. It was a fitting final picture for a beautiful woman whose years were filled with the finest things of life. Mrs. Pearson was born April 3, 1824, in Mercer County, Pennsylvania, daughter of James and Martha (McKinley) Rose. Her mother was the aunt of President William McKinley, who signed the National Charter 448 - CLEVELAND AND ITS ENVIRONS of the Daughters of 1812 in 1901. Her grandfather, David McKinley, was a pensioner of the Revolution from Pennsylvania, and in 1814 removed to New Lisbon, Columbiana County, Ohio, and was buried in the old cemetery in Crawford County. He was of Scotch-Irish descent and married in 1780 Sarah Gray. Her grandfather Andrew Rose was a Revolutionary soldier and his sons, Chapman, Andrew and James were in the War of 1812. Mrs. Pearson was a Real Daughter of 1812. Her niece, Mrs. Eva Rose Miller, her daughter, and her granddaughter, Miss Rose Penfield, comprise three generations who have joined the Commodore Perry Chapter of the Daughters of 1812 on the war record of James Rose. Mrs. Pearson was the oldest living relative of President McKinley. She was a sister of the Hon. William G. Rose, former mayor of the City of Cleveland and an aunt to the late Charles R. Miller, a major in the Spanish war. At the age of twenty Eleanor McKinley Rose was married to Dr. Clement Pearson of Washington City, the founder and first president of the Hahnemann Medical Society in America. He was the American representative at their convention in London, England. In 1870 the Pearsons moved to Cleveland and lived for a time on the corner of Euclid Avenue and East Fortieth Street, being neighbors to John D. Rockefeller and occupying the brick house which was afterwards the Mittleberger School. Mrs. Rockefeller was the godmother of Rose Penfield. Doctor and Mrs. Pearson had two children. Mr. William Rose Pearson, of New York City, married Grace Darling Spaulding, a talented musician. Marie Suela, who was noted for her singing, her charm and her elegant entertainments, is a member of Columbia Chapters, Washington, D. C., of the Daughters of the American Revolution and married Frank H. Penfield of Cleveland. Mrs. Suela Penfield was one of seven girls who organized the P. E. O. Sisterhood, while attending the Iowa Wesleyan University at Mt. Pleasant, Iowa. This society is now represented in every state of the Union and is one of the most prominent women's societies now in existence. Doctor Pearson died at Washington, D. C., in 1886, after which Mrs. Pearson made her home with her daughter Mrs. Penfield in New York City, but about six years before her death they returned to Cleveland, where Mrs. Pearson received the loving care and attention of her daughter and granddaughter. Mrs. Penfield never left her mother but once in these six years. Mrs. Pearson was the oldest Real Daughter to attend the 1812 luncheon during the celebration of the centennial of Perry's victory. She was in the 1812 parade, and made a regal figure, dressed in real lace and ermine, a sight never to be forgotten. As she rode through the crowded streets of Cleveland she was cheered all along the line, and in hushed voices one heard "a Real Daughter and a relative of President McKinley." Mrs. Pearson was noted for her physical as well as spiritual beauty, and that characteristic has been inherited by her daughter, Mrs. Penfield, and her granddaughter. Her life was a constant expression of benevolence to humanity, and from first to last she held to an absolute faith in the hereafter. Hers was an exquisite taste, manifested in the collection of rare and fine old laces and in books. Her collection of books contained a genuine old Bendel which she sold for over $2,000. At her death the white carnation, the flower of the Daughters of 1812, the society colors, the blue and the gray, were placed at the door to tell her friends that a true and loyal Daughter had passed to the Great Beyond. Mrs. Coe, chaplain of the Daughters of 1812, read the ritual of the chapter, which was written by another Real Daughter, the late Miss Lydia Calhoon. After this a white carnation was lovingly placed by each daughter of the chapter beside her and then she was left to her family, who placed her in a beautiful lot on the high ground of Lakeview, overlooking the blue waters of Lake Erie and Greater Cleveland. She lies beside her husband in one of the first lots purchased in the Lakeview Cemetery. During the burial the ground was covered with snow and evergreens edged the walks—the snow symbolic of the long life and the flowers and greens the halo of the brightness to come. A fitting monument, emblematic of the order in which she took such great pride and appropriate to the memory of a Real Daughter, has been designed of gray marble, edged with blue, the colors of the society, with a wreath of carnations lovingly encircling the picture of the Real Daughter. ROLAND W. WHITE came to Cleveland in 1905, as an industrial and chemical engineer. He has been a factor in various industrial organizations, in real estate development CLEVELAND AND ITS ENVIRONS - 449 work, and is now president and general manager and gives most of his time to the Colonnade Company, with offices in the Rockefeller Building. Mr. White was born in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. May 14, 1878. He comes of an old and prominent and wealthy family of the Quaker City. Long before civilization had crossed the Allegheny Mountains the White family had come out of England and settled in Philadelphia. Mr. White's grandfather was Josiah P. White, who spent all his life in Philadelphia, and died there over forty years ago. He developed a carriage manufacturing establishment. But the chief source of his fortune was due to the fact that he had accepted as payment for a debt a large tract of land near Shamokin, Pennsylvania. Subsequently this land was developed as an important coal field and brought a large amount of wealth to Josiah P. White. During the Civil war times Grandfather White served in the Philadelphia Home Gnards. Theodore R. White, father of Roland W., was born in Philadelphia in 1849, and has spent all his life there. For many years he has been manager and executor of his father's estate and has developed many important interests of his own and is a large property holder in Philadelphia and Pennsylvania. He is a republican and an active member of the Presbyterian Church. Mr. Theodore White married Kate Gardner, who was born in Philadelphia in 1850. Harry G., the older of their two children, was born in 1870 and is now living practically retired in Drexel Hill, a suburb of Philadelphia. Roland W. White, the younger son of his parents, was educated in the public schools of Norristown, Pennsylvania, graduating from high school in 1897, and for four years was a student of chemistry and electrical engineering in Drexel Institute of Philadelphia. He graduated in 1901, and for three years remained with the Institute as instructor in the chemistry department. Following that for four months he was superintendent of a brick plant at Wilmington, Delaware, and in 1905 came to Cleveland and for a year was manager of the installation department of the Semi-Steel Company. Then for a short time he was with the Ohio Ceramic Engineering Company as concrete inspector. His next association was as assistant to Mr. Jeavons in experimental work with the Cleveland Foundry Company for two years. Taking up business interests of his own, Mr. White went into real estate development and building construction. Some notable results of his work can be found in and around Cleveland. He built a six-suite apartment house on Windemere Street in East Cleveland and also a five-suite apartment on East Eighty-second Street. For four years he was connected with the Deming Company in allotment development work. The Colonnade Company, of which Mr. White is president and general manager, is a special business that deserves more than a few words of explanation and description. The company operates a chain of cafeterias in many of the larger cities of the Middle West and East, from Louisville, Kentucky, to Newark, New Jersey, including Cincinnati, Pittsburgh, Cleveland, Buffalo and Rochester. A number of years ago some wise man declared that the task of feeding the people was worthy of all the best study and the most exclusive talents of mankind. It has been left, perhaps, to the present epoch of war times to impress that fact upon the popular mind generally and indicate its real truth and significance. It was with some appreciation of this principle that the Colonnade Company was established and has built up a successful business. Its purpose was to introduce and maintain a certain high standard in the lunch room business. To begin with, they hold that the matter of providing food for the public is as meritorious an occupation as can engage the attention and energy of mankind. It is not a mere trade, an occupation suited only for the miscellaneous assortment of abilities and services of people in general, but worthy of the very best technical training and of a high average of personal character and ability. A number of the men connected with the Colonnade Company are college graduates. The headquarters and general offices are in the Rockefeller Building at Cleveland. Mr. White is an independent democratic voter, an active member of the Christian Science Church, and belongs to the Cleveland City Club and Automobile Club. At present he owns a modern residence at 1169 Carlyon Road and is planning the construction of a new home on some land he owns at Cleveland Heights near Fairmont Boulevard and Delamere Drive. In 1906, at Wellsville, New York, Mr. White married Miss Fannie Mather, daughter of Oliver and Julia (Rice) Mather. The Rice