50 - CLEVELAND AND ITS ENVIRONS Cuba, where he was connected with the Christian Alliance. He took up this work at Havana after the close of the Spanish-American war and while there assisted in organizing two missions. Mr. Cody is prominently known in Cleveland as the founder of the Gospel Church. This institution was established thirty years ago and is now one of the most prosperous churches in the city, located on Cedar Avenue. Mr. Cody also built up Buhla Park at Cleveland, where the Christian Alliance holds the season of meetings every year. Mr. Cody gave the alliance the park and tabernacle grounds, and in late years has done much to develop the Erie Side Bible Conference, located sixteen miles out of Cleveland, at Willoughby-on-the-Lake. At this suburb Mr. Cody has his home. He was one of the founders of the conference. Mr. Cody is an intensely religious man, comes of a family of Presbyterians, and while for many years an active member of the Gospel Church, he has given his means and help to a number of denominations. In the section of Florida in which he is interested and where he has his winter home he has done much to build up. the Presbyterian Church. He gave much of the money for constructing a church edifice known as the First Presbyterian Church, located at Frostproof, Florida, five miles from his ranch. For the past fifty-nine years Mr. Cody has bestowed his time and means liberally for the advancement of religious movements. When a young man he was deacon of the East Cleveland Congregational Church. He was called upon to circulate a subscription list for the purpose of buying ground for the erection of a church. While engaged in this work he called upon old Doctor Streator, owner of the ground where the church desired to build, and Doctor Streator told the young man to go no further, since he himself would donate the lot for the building. Mr. Cody also assisted in building this church with a liberal contribution of his means and was an active member for about nine years. While at Lincoln, Nebraska, he contributed to the building of a Congregational Church. Mr. Cody cast his first presidential ballot for Abraham Lincoln's second term during war time. Other things being equal, he has been nominally a republican ever since, though for a number of years he was active in the prohibition party and still gives his support to its essential doctrines. However, for many years he has expressed his political franchise chiefly by selecting the man best fitted for office. About thirty years ago he was a candidate for mayor of Cleveland on the prohibition ticket. As Cleveland, October 16, 1861, ten days before he was twenty-one years of age, Mr. Cody married Miss Sarah Amelia Farnsworth. Fifty years later, October 16, 1911, they celebrated their golden wedding anniversary. Their wedding day was just such a bright, sunshiny day as was the day which marked their fiftieth anniversary. When they were married they Jived on Euclid Avenue. At that time the old Cody estate reached from Euclid to Quincy, and it was far out of the city. A path had been worn across the Cody grounds by people who crossed from Cedar Street to take the stage into the city. At that time there was only one traction line, a horse car. The stage fare from Euclid downtown was 25 cents a passenger. Mr. and Mrs. Cody celebrated their golden wedding at their home at 5905 Longfellow Avenue, Southeast. Their many friends came to pay their respects at a reception in the afternoon, which was followed by a brilliant supper for the family and immediate relatives, and in the evening the celebration was adjourned to the Gospel Church. Mrs. Cody was born at Auburn, New York. daughter of Whitcomb Farnsworth, who died when she was twelve years of age. Her mother then brought her to Cleveland, and she grew up in the home of her uncle, Doctor Thomas. who lived on Euclid Avenue. She received most of her education in Cleveland. Mrs. Cody has always been in sympathy with and active in co-operation with her husband in church affairs. They became the parents of four sons and six daughters, one boy dying at the age of fifteen months and all the others reaching maturity. Eight of this family are still living, three sons and five daughters. Harriet, the oldest of those to grow up, died at Cleveland January 3, 1904, the wife of A. J. Marsh. She was survived by two sons and a daughter, Rev. Lindus Cody Marsh, Roy P. Marsh, of Cleveland, and Edith M., now Mrs. Claud Murray, of Detroit. Rev. Lindus Cody Marsh is rector of an Episcopal Church at Washington, D. C. Lydia S. Cody, oldest of the living children, resides with her parents at Willoughby-on-the-Lake. Henry B. Cody is head of H. B. Cody & Company, with offices in the Garfield Building, one of Cleveland's most prominent real estate men. The son. Frank L., lives at Toronto, Ontario. Mary CLEVELAND AND ITS ENVIRONS - 51 A., now at home, was for twelve years a missionary of the Methodist Episcopal Church, and helped open the work in the Philippine Islands and was also stationed at Singapore and later in Japan. Arthur P. is also in the real estate business, with offices in the same suite of the Garfield Building as his brother Henry B. Ethel J. married Sam Higginbottom, and they have been missionaries in India for the past twelve years, and all their five children were born there. Grace I., living at home, is secretary of the Girls' Friendly Club of Cleveland. Gertrude L. is Mrs. William Arthur Wheaton, of Cleveland, and they have two children, Lindus and Gertrude. All the children were educated at Cleveland. Lydia is a graduate of Central High School, attended Western Reserve University, graduated from Boston University, and took postgraduate work at Cornell and Columbia universities. Henry B. is a graduate of the Central High School and Western Reserve University. Frank L. was a student in the Central High School, and Arthur attended the Hudson Academy, saw service with Troop A of Cleveland in the Spanish-American war and spent one year in the Case School of Applied Science. Mary is a graduate of the Cleveland branch of the Chicago Kindergarten College, and also spent one year in Chicago at that institution. Ethel is a graduate of Central High School, attended Wells College a year and later graduated from the Kindergarten College. Grace is a graduate of the Cleveland and the New York schools of art. The daughter Gertrude went from the Central High School to Oberlin College. ALLAN C. HOUSE was born in Marion, Iowa, October 24, 1886. During his residence in Cleveland he has been in the employ of M. A. Hanna & Company in conjunction with their various subsidiary iron ore mining companies, all located in the Lake Superior district. His father, Francis Edward House, is a Prominent railroad man. he was born at Ilouseville, New York, November 14, 1855, was educated in the public schools of Rochester, New York, and took the civil engineering course in the Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute at Troy, New York, from which he was recently conferred the degree of Master of Civil Engineering. As an engineer he was employed by various Western railway companies. Going to Beaver, Pennsylvania, he became chief engineer of the Pittsburg & Lake Erie Railroad, and resigned that position to become gen eral manager of the building of the Bessemer & Lake Erie Railway. This is one of the chief transportation arteries for the iron and steel industry of Western Pennsylvania. Since 1901 he has been president of the Duluth & Iron Range Railway, owned by the United States Steel Corporation, for carrying iron ore in the Lake Superior district. His business headquarters are at Duluth, Minnesota. Francis Edward House married at Des Moines, Iowa, Miss Mary Viola Mecracken, and they are the parents of four children. Allan C. House attended the Hill School at Pottstown, Pennsylvania, until 1902, spent a year in Phillips Exeter Academy, then went abroad and traveled through the Orient for seven months and on his return entered Amherst College. He left college in 1908, spent two years on a ranch in the Yakima Valley of Washington and since then has been a resident of Cleveland. In August, 1917, he entered the Second Officers' Training Camp and at this writing is a first lieutenant in the Field Artillery, National Army. Mr. House is a member of the American Iron and Steel Institute, the American Institute for Mining Engineers, the Tavern Club, the Country Club, the Chagrin Valley Hunt Club, is a member of the Second Presbyterian Church and in politics a republican. June 3, 1916. at Cleveland, he married Miss Frances Homans Eells, and they are the parents of one son. FRANK D. JOHNSON is one of the men responsible for giving Cleveland an industry through the products of which thousands and thousands of automobile owners have associated additional distinction for this city. This is the Sharp Spark Plug Company, of which Mr. Johnson is secretary and treasurer, a brother, John F. Johnson, president, and R. H. Mills, vice president. The spark plug, it is needless to say, is an indispensable part of the equipment of every gas engine, for whatever purpose it is used, and the perfection to which the Sharp Plug has been developed today accounts for the fact that in 1917 the company manufactured about 2,000,000 of the various designs of their plugs shown in their catalogue. Mr. Johnson is related to Cleveland by more than business, his being one of the oldest families in this part of Ohio. His grandfather, John L. Johnson, was born in Dutchess County. New York, February 20, 1824. In 1828, when he was four years of age, his par- 52 - CLEVELAND AND ITS ENVIRONS' eats came to Cuyahoga County, Ohio, and settled on a farm at Parma on the State Road five miles from Cleveland. In that community John L. Johnson grew to manhood and his school days were intermingled with days of work on his father's farm. That was the routine of his life until 1849. That year, leaving his wife, who was Angenette Acker, and young baby at home in Ohio, he and his brother, Jesse, set out for California and the gold fields. They made the journey by railroad and boat as far as Omaha, and at that point equipped themselves with a pack mule and a pony. They took turns in riding the pony across the plains and over the mountains until they reached Sonora, California. In the far West, John L. Johnson engaged in mining for two years. Returning to Ohio, he used $3,000 of the proceeds of his gold seeking adventures to purchase a corner property at Broadview and Pearl roads, in what was then the Village of Brooklyn, now part of Cleveland, and the establishment of a general merchandise store, and was its proprietor until he retired in 1885. He continued to live there for many years and died in 1910, one of the oldest residents in this part of Cleveland. Their only child was David M. Johnson, who was born in Brooklyn, Ohio, January 11, 1849. He had a public school education and worked in his father's store until the business was sold in 1885, after which he went into the brokerage business in Cleveland. He retired in 1897 and died in 1916. He was married in 1871 to Eliza Hauserman, who passed away in 1888. Frank D. Johnson was born at Cleveland January 13, 1875. He was in the public schools until fifteen and after that for two years was employed as bookkeeper in the branch store of the Stadler Rendering and Fertilizing Company. He then took up the business in which his father was engaged in partnership with his brother, John F., under the name Johnson Brothers. In 1910 the brothers sold out and turned their capital and business experience to organizing and establishing the Sharp Spark Plug Company. Their first plugs were made in a small shop at Broadview and Pearl roads and the first year only six men were employed and the output was 30,000 plugs. In 1915 the company moved to a large new plant at Welling-'ton, Ohio, where they have 20,000 square feet of floor space devoted to factory purposes and employ 125 hands. All this equipment is necessary to produce the tremendous number of plugs manufactured by them every year. Mr. Frank D. Johnson is also vice president and director of the Home Savings & Trust Company of Cleveland and of the Sterling Machine & Stamping Company of Wellington, Ohio. He is a member of the Cleveland Athletic Club, Rotary Club, Cleveland Automobile Club, and fraternally is affiliated with Ell-brook Lodge, Free and Accepted Masons; Thatcher Chapter, Royal Arch Masons; Forest City Commandery, Knights Templar ; Lake Erie Consistory of the Scottish Rite, Al Koran Temple of the Mystic Shrine and the Knights of Pythias and Independent Order of Odd Fellows. He is an independent in politics. At Cleveland April 15, 1896, Mr. Johnson married Miss Belle Wagner. They have three children, Vernon F., eighteen, a graduate of high school and now attending Pennsylvania Military College at Chester, Pennsylvania; Dorothea, a student in Lincoln High School; and Elizabeth, in grammar school. AHIRA COBB. A resident of Cleveland from 1858 until his death on April 11, 1882, Ahira Cobb distinguished himself during this residence by many notable achievements in the business field, and as one of the strongest and most resourceful citizens of a great and growing city. His is one of the older names most deserving of the good memory of later generations. He was born at Tolland, Connecticut, October 12, 1814, and was sixty-seven years old at the time of his death. When he was five years old, in 1819, his father brought his family to the almost unsettled Township of Berlin, Erie County, Ohio. His father, Jeduthan Cobb, was born at Tolland, Connecticut, June 25, 1791. He fought a good fight against the difficulties and hardships of pioneer existence, but lived in Ohio only eight years, and died at Eldridge, in Huron County, August 19, 1827, aged thirty-six. The family had great difficulty in clearing the land of taxes, making a sale of it, and this done, they returned to Tolland, Connecticut. The widowed mother, whose maiden name was Harriet Griggs, was born at Tolland, Connecticut, December 16, 1792. She died at Elyria, Ohio, August 11, 1879, at the age of eighty-seven. Ahira Cobb thus had a boyhood experience that brought him face to face with the stern necessities of the pioneer times. He was apprenticed to a trade when the family returned CLEVELAND AND ITS ENVIRONS - 53 to Connecticut, but at the age of fifteen he determined to return to Ohio, with the conviction that the new West presented a far better field than the older states. Locating at Norwalk, in Huron County, he was fortunate to become the clerk of John Buckingham, merchant and postmaster. He found that employer in 1829, and in 1833 Mr. Buckingham sent him as managing partner of a branch store at Birmingham, in Erie Coun- ty. With a physical constitution that seemed to require no rest and a mental activity such as few men are gifted with, Ahira Cobb concentrated his energies to such good results that in a few years he was noted as one of the rising men of affairs in that section of the state. He soon owned the principal mill, the manufactories; the workshops and stores of the village. In 1841, as an adjunct of the wheat and flour trade, his lifelong friend, Capt. Alva Bradley of Vermillion, and Mr. Cobb built a schooner of 120 tons, of which Captain Bradley took command. By 1859 they had a fleet of twelve vessels sailing on the Great Lakes. On coming to Cleveland in 1858, Ahira Cobb acquired property known as the Cleveland House, on the west side of the Square, south of Superior Street.• Substantial buildings soon replaced the decayed wooden tavern and its stables for country teams, until the entire lot became one block, under the name of the Forest City House. Before he was forty years old he stood in the front ranks of the business men of Cleveland. His vigorous interest in affairs and prosecution of business continued almost to the end, and his death came unexpectedly and as the result of a very brief illness. In 1839 Mr. Cobb married Miss Maria Briant, who was born at Florence, Ohio, September 12, 1819, and died at Cleveland May 2, 1897, aged seventy-seven. Her father, Jonathan Briant, moved from New Milford, Susquehanna County, Pennsylvania, to Northern Ohio in 1813. Nine children were born to Mr. and Mrs. Cobb, four of whom are still living, as follows: Mary Cobb Beeman, living at Orlando, Florida; Harriet Cobb Merritt, of Orlando; Lester Ahira, of Cleveland; and Florence Cobb Wick, of Cleveland. A brief but well expressed tribute to the life and services of Ahira Cobb, as written many years ago, is as follows: "His perceptions of the future were broad, intelligent, and accurate. He was inclined to engage in a variety of enterprises which to him appeared promising in a growing city, but not as a rash or even a risky speculator. His real estate was selected with judgment and improved with substantial buildings, forming the sure foundation of a fortune. He had what is everywhere necessary to success, full confidence in his own conclusions, and in the selection of agents and partners he showed an accurate judgment of men. His conception of the business in hand was co clear, and his contracts were so free from ambiguity that he was seldom involved in litigation. He was in all things a man of positive convictions, freely expressed, but without malice. His capacity for business was more than a talent. It had the breadth and certainty of genius. but his desire to accumulate did not lead him to adopt doubtful schemes or to acquire money by any but honorable or legitimate modes. An unfortunate difficulty in hearing impaired his social life and limited his personal associates to very few. He was with them always genial and often jolly, not elated by financial success, but more and more inclined in a quiet way to relieve the suffering and to sustain undertakings of general benevolence. There are therefore many reasons why the death of Mr. Cobb is a public loss to the community." LESTER AHIRA COBB is one of the interesting personalities in Cleveland's commercial affairs. For half a century he has been in the drug business. One of the oldest drug merchants and drug manufacturers in the city, he is connected with a firm that has had uninterrupted business connections with the city for over eighty years. Mr. Cobb is a member of Strong, Cobb & Company, now exclusively manufacturing pharmacists, at 206 Central Viaduct. Until 1918 the company also conducted a retail drug store at 410 Superior Avenue. This store has been one of the old landmarks in the business district. It was conducted very successfully along conservative lines as a real drug store, and never had any of the adjuncts and accessories usually found in retail drug houses, such as soda fountain, cigar stand, stationery and other sundries. The only goods dispensed over its counters were drugs and medicines, and there is no question that the business profited by reason of confining itself entirely to one line. For many years the company has also been 54 - CLEVELAND AND ITS ENVIRONS manufacturing pharmacists and it now has a large establishment devoted entirely to that branch of the business. The firm of Strong, Cobb & Company is a lineal successor of the pioneer drug house of Cleveland, Henderson & Punderson, who began selling drugs in the Village of Cleveland in 1833. A few years before the Civil war the business became known as Strong & Armstrong, and in 1870 this was succeeded by Strong, Cobb & Company, which has therefore been a business title in Cleveland commercial life for nearly half a century. It was in 1868 that Lester A. Cobb joined the firm of Strong & Armstrong, and two years later became a factor in the present partnership. Mr. Cobb was born at Birmingham, Ohio, February 22, 1850, and was brought to Cleveland in early infancy. He is a son of Ahira and Maria (Briant) Cobb, his father one of the conspicuous early business men of Cleveland, whose record is given elsewhere. Lester A. Cobb was educated in the public schools of Cleveland, and was only eighteen years old when he took up his business career. Among other interests, he is a director of the First National Bank of Cleveland, is an independent voter, and is a member of the Union Club, Cleveland Chamber of Commerce, and Roadside Club. January 3, 1874, at Cleveland, he married Anna C. Norton, a native of Cleveland. Four children were born to their marriage, three of whom are living: Julia Cobb Crowell, of Washington, D. C.; Florence Cobb Little and Richard Norton Cobb, both of Cleveland. HENRY CARL HAAG is a young and prospering business man in the Brooklyn section of Cleveland, and besides his effective work in building up a large lumber and supply business has manifested a keen and helpful interest in public affairs affecting his part of the city. Mr. Haag was born in Middleburg, Ohio, July 17, 1890, son of Andrew M. Haag. His father, a native of Bavaria, Germany, where he was born July 8, 1834, came to America in 1847, at the age of thirteen, his parents locating at Middleburg, Ohio. There he grew up to the life of a farmer and was identified with that pursuit practically all his life. He died in 1905. In Cleveland he married Barbara Becker. They had sixteen children and reared one by adoption, and it is a high testimoney to the vitality and vigor of the parents that all of these are still living. One of the sons, George M., is in the truck division of the aviation corps of the United States army, having enlisted in March, 1918. Henry Carl Haag was educated in the public schools of his native town, and in 1906 graduated from the high school at Berea. After two years' work on his father's farm he came into Cleveland and for one year worked as office boy with the Gehring Brewery Company and was then made manager for the Star branch of the Cleveland and Sandusky Brewing Company. He filled that position three years, since which time he has been in the lumber business. He was shipping clerk with the Cleveland City Lumber Company until 1912 and the next two years was salesman for lumber and building material for the Teachout Company. Having formed a business alliance with A. R. and D. W. Teachout, he organized the Brooklyn Lumber Company, which bought out the retail lumber yard at Brooklyn of the Saginaw Bay Company. A. R. Teachout is president, D. W. Teachout, vice president and treasurer, and Mr. Haag is secretary and general manager of the business. The volume of trade has doubled under the new management, and they handle a complete general line of lumber, sash, doors and windows and, building supplies. Fourteen people find employment with this, one of the most progressive firms in the city. That plant is located at 4123 Pearl Road, and the company has done much to improve the property and its surroundings. Mr. Haag is a member of the executive board and a director of the Brooklyn, Parma and Royalton Civic Association, and is chairman of its water and sewer committee, and is also a member of the Board of Education of Parma Township. In 1917 he was elected councilman of Parma Heights, where he resides. He is president of the Men's Club of the United German Church, and is a member of Red Cross Lodge of Knights of Pythias. At Cleveland September 25, 1912, Mr. Haag married Lillian A. M. Widmann, daughter of Gustave Widmann. They have one child, H. Carl, Jr., now four years old. HARRY NEW. During a long and industrious career Harry New has raised himself from a minor clerkship in the old established Cleveland mercantile house of Landesman-Hirscheimer Company to the position of vice president, secretary and treasurer, and general manager. He is also well known for his CLEVELAND AND ITS ENVIRONS - 55 other business connections and his influence and activity as a public spirited citizen. Mr. New was born at Cleveland June 16, 1866. His father, Isaac New, who was born at Wilhelmsdorf, Bavaria, October 5, 1830, had a college education and had a brief apprenticeship in the mercantile business in Germany. Then, in 1848, a year which witnessed the exodus of some of the bravest of the South German youth, he came to America and located at New Haven, Connecticut. In 1851 he moved to Cleveland, and with his brother, Nathan, engaged in the retail grocery business at the corner of St. Clair Avenue and Sells Alley. Later he formed a partnership with John Thoman in the cartage and street sprinkling business, and this constituted his chief activity until he retired in 1895. His death occurred July 15, 1899. He is well remembered by the old timers of Cleveland. He was a member of the volunteer fire department in the olden days and was also a charter member of the Old Settlers' Society of Cuyahoga County. He was very active both as a trustee and member of the Jewish Relief Society and was a trustee of the Anshe Chesed Congregation. After coming to Cleveland he married Rieke Langerman. Their six children were: Mrs. Bertha Rich, of New York City; Dina, Carrie and Harry, all of Cleveland; Benjamin, a director in the Landesman-Hirscheimer Company, and Justin, a resident of Cleveland. Mr. Harry New was educated in Cleveland, leaving public school at the age of fourteen and spending a year in the Spencerian Business College. For about a year he worked as a clerk with the insurance firm of Coe & Olmstead, and then formed a connection which has proved a permanent one with the Landesman-Hirscheimer Company. He did not go into that firm as a partner and only attained that position after long years of faithful, diligent application and after proving himself fitted for executive responsibilities. For eight years he was bookkeeper, then sold goods for the firm another eight years, and through those Positions developed the capacities which have fitted him for his responsibilities as vice president, secretary, treasurer and general manager. Mr. New is also a director and vice president of the Frantz Premier Company and a director of the First National Bank of Cleveland. He is a former president of the Cleveland Creditman's Association and in 1912 was President of the National Association of Credit Men. He is a trustee of the Euclid Avenue Temple, a member of the B'nai B'rith, and in club life is a member of the Excelsior Club, Cleveland Athletic Club, Oakwood Country Club, City Club, Cleveland Advertising Club, Chamber of Commerce, Cleveland Automobile Club, and Aldine Club of New York City. His political allegiance is with the republican party. February 10, 1903, Mr. New married Minnie E. Friedenberg. They have five children: Ruth E., a student in a private school; Margaret, attending public school; Harry I., in the University School of Cleveland; and Doris R. and Elia C., both in grammar school. Mr. New is also a member of the Old Settlers' Society of Cuyahoga County. ROBERT CALVERT. Though never a resident of Cleveland, the career of Robert Calvert deserves insertion here because of its general interest and also because Robert Calvert was the father of one of Cleveland's best known citizens, Police Justice Henry M. Calvert of Lakewood. Robert Calvert was born in Dundee, Scotland, April 28, 1830, and died at LaCrosse, Wisconsin, March 15, 1911. When he was sixteen years of age his father died, and as the oldest in a family of nine children he immediately assumed responsibilities and tasks in advance of his years in keeping the home circle together and contributing to the support of the younger children. He worked his way through school and his brilliance as a student is instanced by the fact that he took all the head prizes in his classes and at the closing term was appointed assistant to the principal. Later he entered the University of Glasgow where he graduated and where again he made a fine record as a student. In 1857 at the age of twenty-seven Robert Calvert came to America. At Quebec he entered the employ of the Grand Trunk Railway in the capacity of junior clerk to the chief clerk. Within a year he was appointed agent, and having every prospect of a successful career ahead of him he married in 1859 Miss Mary Millington, oldest daughter of Joseph and Mary Millington of London, England. Mrs. Robert Calvert died in LaCrosse, Wisconsin, many years before her husband. In 1864 Robert Calvert was appointed to the important post of agent for the Grand Trunk Railway at Buffalo, New York. That office he held until 1869. He was in that post of duty when in 1866 he gained almost in- 56 - CLEVELAND AND ITS ENVIRONS ternational fame through his bravery and fidelity to duty in guarding the railroad property from destruction during the Fenian raid. Of this eventful though brief period of his life Robert Calvert was always very reticent, even among his own family, and it is largely from correspondence found among his private papers that the fact of his participation can be stated. This correspondence passed back and forth between him and his superior officers in the railway company, and gave details of the various phases of the outbreak of the Fenian raid in Canada and the capture of Fort Erie. Upon the arrival of the Fenians, comprising 1,000 armed men, Fort Erie was hastily, evacuated by the residents and railway employes. As agent of the railway property Mr. Calvert left Buffalo with a small body of picked men, including an operator and linemen, and proceeded to the railway depot and took possession of the company's property. There he immediately directed the work of repairing the damage done to the right of way and telegraph wires by the invaders. The Fenians after overwhelming the little garrison at Fort Erie had started to return to the American shore. En route a scow containing about 600 of the Fenians was captured by the United States Steamer Michigan and other detachments were picked up in punts and small sail boats. Buffalo and Fort Erie soon recovered from the effects of the invasion and the excitement but during the stormy period of three days in which the trouble was at its height Agent Calvert encountered no end of trouble and was beset with the problems of guarding the property of the railway company. At imminent risk of death he followed the Fenians in their disorderly raid, kept the officials of the road at Montreal fully informed of their movements, and restored traffic and telegraphic communication on the railroad within a few hours after the raiders finished their work of destruction. It was very rarely in. after years that Robert Calvert could he got to refer to any of his participation or experience at this time. On his eightieth birthday a correspondent of a LaCrosse newspaper interviewed him and asked for details concerning the raid, but he requested that nothing be printed until after his death. In a burst of confidence, however, he consented to show a letter, yellow with age, written by the president of the Grand Trunk Railway in which he was thanked profusely, for his valiant stand during the Fenian outbreak. After the main trouble was over and the affairs at the fort were settled down to their normal routine, Robert Calvert was pursued while on his way to the ferryboat one dark night by a few Fenians who had escaped arrest. Running over the docks in order to reach the boat he fell through a coal hole, striking his head, and for hours lay unconscious until discovered by dock workers. This was the culmination of a most trying and terrific experience, and for seventeen weeks he lay ill with brain fever and in fact never fully recovered his normal health. After rising from his sick bed he was appointed auditor of the Grand Trunk Railway at Montreal, but his health would not allow him to continue these duties long and he finally decided to go West. Through the influence of A. V. H. Carpenter he was sent to LaCrosse, Wisconsin, in 1869 to organize the general ticket department of the Southern Minnesota Railway. In 1880 when the Chicago, Milwaukee & St. Paul absorbed the Southern Minnesota, Mr. Calvert removed to Milwaukee. However, that city seemed strange to him and he soon severed his connections and returned to his old home and environment at LaCrosse, where he spent the rest of his life. For over forty years he was prominently identified with business affairs at LaCrosse, was an official of various civic organizations, and one of the most public spirited citizens of the community. He probably enjoyed as large an acquaintance in that part of the State of Wisconsin as any other of his contemporaries. He was universally popular, honest, efficient and faithful to every trust, and his great vigor and vitality enabled him to remain diligently at his business long after most men of his age had retired. Robert Calvert was the first secretary of the Board of Trade of LaCrosse and filled that position continuously for twenty-five years until 1906, when he was succeeded by R. S. Reed. Throughout that entire period of service as secretary of the board he missed only one meeting. He was also the first secretary of the Manufacturers' and Jobbers' Union, now Club, of LaCrosse, and filled that office fifteen years, keeping the records until October, 1910. He was secretary of the Oak Grove Cemetery Association, from April 4, 1888, until the time of his death, and during the last fifteen years of his life was also surveyor of customs for the port of LaCrosse. Altogether his life was a remarkable one for the extent of variety and the unusual character of his experiences and achievements. He had three children, two sons and one daughter. The son, Walter, dis- CLEVELAND AND ITS ENVIRONS - 57 appeared many years ago and has never been heard from since. The other son is Police Justice Henry M. Calvert of Cleveland, and the daughter is Mrs. A. S. Farnam of LaCrosse. HENRY M. CALVERT has for the past six or seven years been exercising and dispensing justice as a justice of the peace at Lakewood and also at his offices in the Leader-News Building in Cleveland. He is justice of the peace for Rockport Township and the City of Lakewood in Cuyahoga County. During this time many complimentary notices have been made of Judge Calvert in the Cleveland papers. Not infrequently, repeated mention of some citizen in the local press contains here and there a hint of disparagement, but not so with regard to Squire Calvert, whose general popularity and usefulness are cordially recognized everywhere and for whom only words of praise and commendation should be spoken. Mr. Calvert has been a Cleveland man for a number of years, but was born in Buffalo, New York, February 27, 1861. and spent most of his youth at LaCrosse, Wisconsin. He is a son of Robert and Mary (Millington) Calvert. Henry M. Calvert was educated in the public schools of LaCrosse, Wisconsin, and from public school went to work as a sailor on the Great Lakes. He remained on the Great Lakes during each season for six years, and thereby satisfied his craving for excitement, adventure and hardship. He finally stepped off a lake boat and became a citizen of Cleveland and has been here ever since. For a time he worked as a millwright and for about twenty years had his headquarters in Cleveland while traveling on the road for a New York firm. Later he was with The Cleveland Twist Drill Company about four years, and when he left the services of that firm its manager, Mr. F. P. Prentice, wrote him a letter whose phraseology and tone could leave no doubt as to the aneerity of the regret which was voiced at Mr. Calvert's taking leave of the firm. Mr. Calvert prizes this letter today as one of the best tokens of appreciation he has ever had for the services rendered. On April 1, 1912, Mr. Calvert was appointed dastice of Lakewood to fill the unexpired term of John J. MacEwen, who resigned. Later he was regularly elected to the office, and toward the close of his first four-year term was re-elected in November, 1917, and is now beginning his second term as justice. Up to February, 1918, Squire Calvert had handled 15,210 cases, and it is no exceptional performance for him to wade through forty or fifty cases in the courtroom every day. The striking fact of it all is that very few of his decisions are ever appealed to higher courts. Judge Calvert handles all the Humane Society, Associated Charities, Federation of Charities work in the city, and also handles many cases for the Masons, Loyal Order of Moose, Elks and Knights of Pythias, and it is said that he does more justice work than all the other justices of the peace combined in Cuyahoga County. Politically Squire Calvert is a Frank B. Willis dry republican. He is a big-hearted kindly man, one whose interest and heart goes out to the poor and unfortunate and especially to the children. Probably every child, rich or poor, knows him in Lakewood. He has been very active in the Children's Aid Society School and Home, and every Thanksgiving he makes the holiday memorable to the children of this institution by donations of ice cream and a theater party. Judge Calvert is active on six different committees of the Lakewood Chamber of Commerce. has fraternal affiliations with the Loyal Order of Moose, the Knights of Pythias, and in Masonry is affiliated with Lakewood Lodge No. 601, Free and Accepted Masons: Cunningham Chapter No. 187, Royal Arch Masons; Cleveland Council No. 36, Royal and Select Masters; Al Sirat Grotto No. 17 of Master Masons; Lakewood Lodge No. 1350, Benevolent and Protective Order of Elks; Lincoln Chapter of the Eastern Star, and is a member of the Cleveland Automobile Club, Cleveland Museum of Art. and attends Lakewood Disciples Church. He also belongs to Jan Ben Jan No. 27 of the Knights of Khoras.san. Judge Calvert has been twice married. His first wife was Miss Mary Roberts of Cleveland, who died in this city, leaving two children : Henry M. of Kootenai, Idaho, and. Birdie E., wife of S. B. Merry of Cleveland. She is the mother of one child, Theodore T. Merry. a bright boy of eight years. Judge Calvert married for his present wife at Chicago Miss Mary Winifred Dilley, who was born and educated near Warren, Ohio. She is a member of the Eastern Star and the Pythian Sisters and has become very prominent in charity work in Lakewood. 58 - CLEVELAND AND ITS ENVIRONS HAROLD F. PETTEE, president of the Vortex Manufacturing Company, manufacturers and jobbers of paints, varnishes and specialties in that line, and one of the rapidly growing jobbing and manufacturing establishments of the city, was born in Bethlehem, Pennsylvania, November 20, 1874, son of Simon Eratus and Fiedlia (Carpenter) Pettee. Harold F. Pettee was four years old when his parents moved to Cleveland, and he received his education in the public schools. At the age of seventeen he became stock boy in the silk department of the Root & McBride wholesale dry goods house. That firm evidently recognized in him some special proficiency and capabilities, since after a few years he was promoted to assistant buyer in the silk department. From this position Mr. Pettee resigned in 1903 to become manager of the Vincent Manufacturing Company and the Van Buskirk Company, manufacturers of brass specialties. Then in the summer of 1906 he and James H. Foster organized the Hydraulic Pressed Steel Company, Mr. Pettee becoming secretary and treasurer of the company and for six years was active in the growth of the organization. In January, 1913, he resigned his position to organize the Cleveland Rail Bond Company, becoming its president and manager and successfully conducting its affairs for two years, when he sold the entire assets of the corporation to the Electric Railway Improvement Company, a competing company. Mr. Pettee then organized the Vortex Manufacturing Company, the officers being H. F. Pettee, president ; R. C. Rudolf, vice president, and E. M. Anderson, secretary and treasurer. The Vortex Manufacturing Company are both manufacturers and jobbers of a varied and extensive standard line of oils and paints. Their plant is located on West Seventy-seventh Street near Franklin Avenue, with executive offices in the Union Building. They manufacture not only a standard line of paints which are put out under the trade name "Vorco," but also a number of specialties such as "Brush On" Water-Proof cement, A fire retarding white paint for factory use, an acid proof white, and an oil proofer for cement tanks and floors. The business is having a remarkable growth, soon necessitating enlargement of their quarters. Mr. Pettee is also secretary and director of the Hydraulic Pressed Steel Company, vice president and director of the Camaraco Grape Fruit Company, director of the Valley Grape Fruit Company, the Swetland Packing Company and the Cases Lime and Stone Company. The last four of these concerns are located on the Isle of Pines. As a leading Cleveland business man Mr. Pettee is affiliated with the Chamber of Commerce, the Union Club, Hermit Club, Cleveland Automobile Club, Cleveland Athletic Club, Mayfield Country Club, East End Tennis Club, and is a republican voter. On October 16, 1902, in this city, he married Ethel Winter Clark, a daughter of Fred G. Clark, former president and founder of the Fred G. Clark Company of Cleveland. Mr. and Mrs. Pettee have two children, Virginia, a student in the Hathaway-Brown School, and Harold Forest, Jr., a pupil in the University School of Cleveland. JOHN C. NIERATH. The record of John C. Nierath is a steady climb to increasing responsibilities and better conditions for himself in one line of business and in fact in one firm. He is secretary, treasurer and a director of the Kilby Manufacturing Company, founders and machinists, a firm in which he started as office boy. He was born in Cleveland February 3, 1875. John C. Nierath busied himself with his studies in the public schools of Cleveland until he was thirteen years of age and after that spent a year and a half in a business college. With this equipment he went to work as a clerk for eighteen months, and then entered the employ of the Kilby Manufacturing Company as office boy and junior stenographer. At the end of three years he was promoted to payroll clerk and stenographer, filling this position for eight years. The firm then assigned him duties as acting purchasing agent for one year, following which he was cashier and bookkeeper eight and a half years, and upon the death of E. D. Childs succeeded to his present duties as secretary, treasurer and director of this old and prominent Cleveland industry. FRANK J. FERTIG. Cleveland is the official home of some of the most important manufacturing plants in the state. Conditions of one kind or another, according to products manufactured, may make advisable the location of plants in less congested localities, but the offices, where the improvements are planned, expenditures considered, contracts made and financial problems in general settled, are very apt to be found in the busy center of the city, close in touch with the commerce of the world. CLEVELAND AND ITS ENVIRONS - 59 Thus Frank J. Fertig, department manager for the General Fire Extinguisher Company, may be called a valued citizen of Cleveland. Some of his interests center in the company's plant at Warren, Ohio, and many of them extend much further, for he holds the office of department manager and the trade territory extends all over the United States and Canada. Frank J. Fertig was born in Cleveland November 28, 1869. His parents were Frank J. and Louise (Henne) Fertig. His father, the son of Sebastian and Anna Marie Fertig, was born in Benzheim, Darmstadt, Germany, June 2, 1835, and came to Cleveland in 1856. In this city he worked for the firm of Taylor & Griswold, and afterwards engaged in the dry goods business, which he continued until his death in 1880. He was one of the city's reputable business men. His wife was born in Kosweiler, Alsace, France, in 1847; a daughter of John Henne, who located in Cleveland in 1852. Until the age of seventeen years Frank J. Fertig was a pupil in the public schools and a business college of his native city. He then went to work for William Neracher, manufacturer of automatic sprinklers and fire protection systems, and to learn the business served first as a pipe fitter for the Neracher Sprinkler Company, and in 1890, when the plant was moved to Warren, Ohio, became engineer in the contract engineering department. In the reorganization of the business later effected Mr. Fertig continued with the company as contracting engineer, and in 1903 was made department manager, with offices in Cleveland. He has been identified with this concern during his entire business life and step by step, through his own industry and talent, has reached his present position of responsibility. Mr. Fertig was married June 7, 1893, to Miss Kate Clapp, of Warren, Ohio, and they have one daughter, Katherine Louise, who was born at Warren. She promises to be a woman of scholarly attainments and many accomplishments, being a graduate of the Laurel School for Girls, Cleveland, also of St. Margaret's School for Girls at Waterbury, Connecticut. She is at present actively engaged in Red C7'088 work. In politics Mr. Fertig is a republican, but he has led too busy a business life to get into political work, although he possesses the spirit of enterprise and the practical judgment that are beneficial qualities in a public servant. He is a member of the National Fire Protection Association, Cleveland Chamber of Commerce. and belongs to the City, the Rotary and the Shaker Heights Country clubs. JUDGE DANIEL B. CULL, of the Cleveland Municipal Court, has been connected with the law or judicial department of the city government almost continuously since he entered practice eleven years ago. Judge Cull was born in the vilage of Miamisburg, Ohio, in Montgomery County, November 29, 1881, son of Charles William and Mary (Delaney) Cull. His father was born in Chillicothe, Ohio. His mother was horn in the village of Reading, Hamilton County, Ohio, where the parents were married. Their married life continued uninterruptedly until the death of the mother thirty-nine years later on November 14, 1914. The father is still living at Miamisburg and is a stationary engineer by trade. He is a member of the Church of Our Lady of Good Hope and his wife was also a devout communicant of that church. In their family were three sons and three daughters, all living: Anna R., at home ; Mary, Mrs. Albert R. Baker, of Miamisburg; Judge Cull ; Richard C. W. in editorial work with the Cleveland Plain Dealer; Francis X., a Cleveland attorney but now a lieutenant in the United States army; and Agnes Honorah, Mrs. Clement J. Bucher of East Cleveland. All the children were born at Miamisburg and were educated in the parochial and public schools. Daniel Bartholomew Cull was graduated from the high school of Miamisburg in 1899. He then entered newspaper work and was a very resourceful and successful newspaper man before he became a lawyer. For a time he was connected with the News at Dayton, and in 1903 came to Cleveland and continued working for the local newspapers about four years. During the two and a half years he spent at Dayton he was connected with the Dayton Daily News, Governor Cox's paper. At Cleveland he was with the Press and Plain Dealer, as reporter and news editor on both papers. He was at one time assistant city editor of the Press, subsequently state editor, and was assistant city editor of the Plain Dealer. Judge Cull real law privately and also in the Cleveland Law School, receiving his degree in 1905 and being admitted to the Ohio bar in June of the same year. He did some practice in 1905, but took up the work regularly in 60 - CLEVELAND AND ITS ENVIRONS 1906. In April, 1907, Mayor Newton D. Baker appointed him to a position in the city legal department, and he was there four and a half years. In the fall of 1911 he was elected a judge of the Municipal Court of Cleveland, beginning his first official term of two years in January, 1912. He was reelected in 1914 for a four year term, and in 1917 was reelected for six years more. Judge Cull was elected both times on a non-partisan ticket, and is personally a democrat. He is .a member and has served as Grand Knight of Gilmore Council, the oldest council of the Knights of Columbus at Cleveland. He is active in the Cleveland Bar Association, the Ohio State Bar Association, the Cleveland Chamber of Commerce, the Cleveland Athletic Club, the Obiter Club, the Delta Theta Phi college fraternity and with his family worships in St. Paul's parish at Euclid. His home is at 17406 Nottingham Road within the city limits of Cleveland. September 7, 1910, Judge Cull married Miss Margaret Marie McMyler, daughter of John McMyler, of Cleveland. Her mother died when Mrs. Cull was a small girl. She was educated in the Villa Angela convent at Nottingham, and acquired her preliminary education in the parochial schools. Judge and Mrs. Cull have a family of four children, all born at Cleveland, named Margaret M., Daniel B., Catherine and Rita. FRANK C. CAINE has a very distinctive place in the business history of Cleveland. In 1894 he was the leading spirit in organizing the National Concrete Fire Proofing Company. At that time, nearly a quarter of a century ago. the use of concrete was still in an experimental stage. While plaster and adobe construction was much older, it is safe to say that anything like a modern concrete building of any size was not then in existence in the United States. The National Concrete Fire Proofing Company has kept pace and at the head of the procession in the matter of concrete construction in all its multiple forms and uses. It is not merely a trade name, since this company is truly national in scope and importance. As contractors for fireproof construction of all descriptions and general concrete work, this company with general offices in the Citizens Building at Cleveland, can point to notable buildings in all the cities of the United States. As pioneers in their line they have done their part in popularizing concrete as a construction material, and have adapted it to many of its modern uses. Just a few of the larger contracts handled by this company can be noted. They constructed the State Hospital for the Criminal Insane at Lima, Ohio, a contract with the state involving $2,500,000. They also erected the Syracuse Court House in Syracuse, New York, the Dollar Savings & Trust Company Building at Youngstown, the East Technical High School of Cleveland, the Illumination plant on East Seventieth Street, the Hotel Patten at Chattanooga, Tennessee, the Columbus Savings & Trust Company building at Columbus, the Whitney Power Block on Oregon Street in Cleveland, and also the Rich Knitting Works on Euclid Avenue, the L. N. Gross factory on Lakeside Avenue, the Lorain Street Savings Bank Building of Cleveland, and many others of this type. They built the Normal school on East Boulevard and have clone work of this character as far west as Grand Junction, Colorado, and as far south as Chattanooga, Tennessee. Frank C. Caine, president of the company, has been identified with Cleveland as a home and business center practically all his life. He was born at Cleveland June 15, 1863, son of William and Jane (Caley) Caine. Both parents were born on the Isle of Man, and their respective families were early settlers in the community of Cleveland. Jane Caley was born in 1830, and when she was a year old her parents located in Warrensville on Woodland avenue, about a mile from the Shaker Heights Country Club, where she grew to womanhood. William Caine was the first of his family to come to America, but later he brought all his relatives and settled them on a farm not far from Cleveland. William Caine spent his active life in the shoe business. He had a store on Ontario street, and was a merchant here for many years. He was born in 1823 and died at the end of October, 1880, at the age of fifty-seven. His wife died February 28, 1895, aged sixty-five. They were married in Ohio and were the parents of three sons: William C., vice president of the Union Commerce National Bank of Cleveland; Frank C.; and Charles C., who died at the age of six years. Frank C. Caine was educated in Cleveland, attending the Spencerian Business College. In 1880, at the age of seventeen, he began his business career with Gorham, Starke & Company, washboard manufacturers of Cleveland. CLEVELAND AND ITS ENVIRONS - 61 When this firm failed he went with the hard- . ware house of George Worthington & Company as assistant bookkeeper, and in the ranks of that business he acquired the experience and developed the talent which eventually enabled him to become an independent business man. He was assistant bookkeeper for the company, in 1883 was promoted to general bookkeeper, and in 1885 to cashier. Mr. Caine resigned from the Worthington Company in October, 1891, and for about a year with other associates was in the machine and boiler business. After that he was in the jobbing of saddlery hardware under the name of Grimm-Caine Company until 1894: when he took up the concrete fireproofing work which has developed into the National Concrete Fire Proofing Company. A significant fact about this business is that there has never been a strike in its history. While Mr. Caine is president of the company and a stockholder in many other organizations, he has been really retired from active responsibilities for the last five years, and has spent every winter of that time in California. Mr. Caine is a member of the Union Club, Cleveland Athletic Club, Shaker Heights Country Club, Willowick Country Club, Cleveland Chamber of Commerce, Cleveland Automobile Club, and his favorite recreation is golf. He was brought up in the atmosphere of the Methodist Episcopal church, his parents being very active in that church. November 10, 1891, at Chicago, Mr. Caine married Miss Gertrude Coffman. She was born in Galeshnrg, Illinois, but was reared and educated in Chicago. She is a daughter of Samuel and Mary (Burnside) Coffman. Her father at the time of his death in 1910 was the oldest livestock commission man in Chicago. For many years he was head of the commission house of Coffman, Ream & Adams Company. Both of Mrs. Caine's parents died in Chicago. JAMES CHASE WALLACE, who died at his residence in Lakewood October 31, 1916. was one of the men who gave impetus and direction to those great interests centered at Cleveland, among which the American Shipbuilding Company is the most prominent. Mr. Wallace served as president of this largest ship construction corporation around the Great Lakes, succeeding to that office when it was vacated by his honored father, the late Robert Wallace, a pioneer shipbuilder and one of the monumental figures in Cleveland's industrial life. James Chase Wallace was born at Cleveland May 23, 1865, son of Robert and Lydia (Davis) Wallace. Concerning the life and work of his father a separate article appears on other pages. James C. Wallace attended the public schools of Cleveland and spent one year in the West High School. At the age of sixteen he went to work as a machinist's apprentice in his father's shipbuilding plant, the old Globe Iron Works. While his father even at that time was one of Cleveland's business leaders, the son was more than willing to start his own career at the very bottom of the ladder and depend upon his ability and experience to advance him to higher positions. He was in the shops of the iron works for several years, and in 1886 left to acquire a still broader knowledge of the transportation interests, spending one year as an oiler on the steamer Onoko. This, it should be mentioned, was the first iron constructed ship to sail on the Great Lakes. It was the product of the Globe Iron Works, and it was his father who was mainly responsible for introducing to the Great Lakes the first all-steel vessels. After one year as a sailor, James C. Wallace returned to Cleveland as an employe of the Cleveland Shipbuilding Company, which his father had been prominent in organizing. When, in 1899, the American Shipbuilding Company was incorporated by Robert Wallace and other associates, James C. Wallace was appointed general manager. The American Shipbuilding Company was incorporated March 16, 1899. It is today one of the biggest shipbuilding plants in America and from the first has been the chief ship construction company around the circle of the Great Lakes. Though organized comparatively recently, it is in reality an old established concern, since as a corporation it bought and amalgamated such plants as the Cleveland Shipbuilding Company, the Globe Iron Works, the Ship Owners Dry Dock Company of Cleveland, and several large ship yards at Buffalo, Milwaukee, Detroit, West Superior, West Bay City and Chicago. The headquarters of the corporation are at Cleveland. Mr. Wallace continued as general manager until 1904, when he was elected to succeed W. L. Brown as president of the corporation. As its directing head he used his influence in establishing the standard and permanent type of construction of Great Lakes boats, and the corporation 62 - CLEVELAND AND ITS ENVIRONS constructed in its own yards the first 10,000-ton ship, which has ever since been the accepted standard of size and equipment for use on the Great Lakes. Mr. Wallace continued as president of the American Shipbuilding Company until 1914, when he resigned to attend to his other varied interests, though he remained a member of the board of directors until his death. At the time of his death he was also treasurer of the A. B. Smythe Company, a prominent Cleveland real estate firm, and was a director of the American board of Lloyd's Register of Shipping of London, the Pioneer Steamship Company, the Kinney Steamship Company, the Valley Steamship Company, the First National Bank, the Superior Savings & Trust Company, the National City Bank, the People's Savings Bank Company, and the Western Reserve Woolen Mills Company. His name was an honored one on the membership rolls of various social and civic organizations, including the Union Club, Country Club, Tavern Club, Chagrin Valley Hunt Club, Cleveland Athletic Club, Clifton Club, Westwood Golf Club, and he was a Knight Templar and Scottish Rite Mason and Shriner. September 14, 1886, Mr. Wallace married Elizabeth La Marche, of Cleveland. They became the parents of two children, James L. and Lydia, the latter now Mrs. W. H. Forbes, of Cleveland. JAMES L. WALLACE is a grandson of Robert Wallace, one of the founders of the larger shipbuilding interests of Cleveland, and is a son of the late James Chase Wallace, who, like the grandfather, was at one time president of the American Shipbuilding Company. It is an old and notable family in Cleveland's industrial affairs, and something should be said of the career of James L. Wallace, who at the age of thirty has already shown himself well worthy of the traditions and ability of his forefathers. He was born at Cleveland August 2, 1887, a son of James Chase and Elizabeth (La Marche) Wallace. He was educated in the grammar schools of Cleveland and in 1907 graduated from the University School. It is a fact significant as well as interesting that James L. Wallace chose to enter the shipbuilding industry through the same opening as both his grandfather and father before him had taken, that is, as a practical apprentice, learning the technique of the business in every detail before assuming executive responsibili ties. On leaving the University School he became an apprentice in the shops which had been founded by his grandfather, Robert Wallace, nearly half a century before. He spent four years in learning the technical side of the business, and then for two years was employed in the drafting rooms of the American Shipbuilding Company. In 1913 Mr. Wallace was appointed to his present position, local manager of the Cleveland and Lorain yards and shops of the American Shipbuilding Company. At the same time he has attained other important interests in Cleveland business life, being a director of the Pioneer Steamship Company, the Glengariff Realty Company, the People's Savings Bank, the Shore Acres Land Company, all of Cleveland, and the American Malleable Castings Company of Marion, Ohio. In social life he is a member of the Union Club, Clifton Club, Westwood Country Club, Hermit Club, Cleveland Automobile Club and the Cleveland Chamber of Commerce. Fraternally he is identified with Halcyon Lodge, No. 498, Free and Accepted Masons, Cunningham Chapter, No. 187, Royal Arch Masons; Forest City Commandery, Knights Templar; Lake Erie Consistory, Scottish Rite, thirty-second degree; and with Al Koran Temple of the Mystic Shrine. His favorite recreation is golf. Mr. Wallace is married and resides at Lakewood. June 6, 1914, Miss Maria Johnson became his wife. She was born and educated in Cleveland, finishing her work in the Hathaway-Brown School. Mrs. Wallace is an interested participant in Red Cross work, in the Eliza Jennings Home, and is a Lakewood visiting nurse. She is a member of the Woman's City Club of Cleveland. ROY A. MCDONALD, whose name signifies definite accomplishment and success in local insurance circles, had the capacity for doing whatever he undertook with a certain energy and vigor that has been sufficient to carry him well along the highway of success from comparative obscurity and humble circumstances that environed his boyhood. Mr. McDonald was born in the Allegheny Mountains in Cameron County, Pennsylvania, August 9, 1878. His father, John McDonald, was a native of the north of Ireland, was a lumberman and died in 1884. when Roy was six years of age. The widowed mother, Melissa (Jordan) McDonald, is a native of Cameron, Pennsylvania, and is now living in Cleveland. CLEVELAND AND ITS ENVIRONS - 63 Mr. McDonald in early boyhood had some advantages in the public schools at Emporium, Pennsylvania, including a high school course, but almost as far back as his recollection goes he was doing something to support himself. At one time he worked in a grocery store, and after the long hours of his employment attended the Edinonson Business College at Cleveland. For a few weeks he was in the Government service tabulating mail. In June, 1903, Mr. McDonald took a clerical position with the Henry M. Brooks Company, insurance, at Cleveland. At that time the offices of this firm were in the old Atwater Building. Mr. McDonald successively became map clerk, bookkeeper, and then for five years had active charge of the loss department. Hard and faithful work was bringing results to him personally, and besides the time he put in with his firm he was studying nights in the Cleveland Law School and in 1913 was graduated with the degree LL. B. So far he has used his professional equipment only in the insurance business. In 1915 he was made assistant secretary of the Brooks-WilborParsons Company and in 1916 became treasurer of that firm. The offices of the company are now in the Plain-Dealer Building. Mr. McDonald has also acquired some real estate investments in the city. October 6, 1906. he married Mildred Rum-age. Her father, Levi Rumage, is a traveling representative for the V. D. Anderson Comnanv in New York and Canada. Mr. and Mrs. McDonald have had three children, the only daughter dying in early childhood. The sons are Roy A.. Jr.. and Paul Stewart. Mr. McDonald is an independent republican, brit has given little attention to politics. His home is in Lakewood. For several years he was trustee and treasurer of the First Congregational Church of Franklin Avenue but now attends the Christian Science Church. MYRON E. LAZARUS is one of the younger business men of Cleveland. but has made rapid strides in achieving a strong financial position and is now president and active head of M. E. Lazarus & Company, with offices in the Rockefeller Building. Mr. Lazarus was born at Cleveland May 10, 1882. His father, William Lazarus came from England in 1870, engaged in the grocery business in Cleveland. and his was one of the first Jewish families in the city. He is now deceased, while his widow Jennie (Harris) Vol.III-8 Lazarus, a native of Russia, is still living at Cleveland. Myron E. Lazarus graduated from the Central High School of Cleveland in 1900, and since then has been in the scrap iron and steel business. He learned this by a thorough apprenticeship and in 1914 went into business for himself under the name M. E. Lazarus & Company. He is president and treasurer, M. L. Bernsteen is vice president, and Fred S. I)esberg, secretary. The two other members of the company are both practicing attorneys of Cleveland. Mr. Lazarus is a well known iron and steel broker, and handles these commodities only in carload lots. His brother Isadore has been associated with the company since its incorporation. Mr. Lazarus is one of the auxiliary committee of the City Savings & Loan Company, is financially interested in several local mortgage companies, and enjoys the highest standing in the business community. Politically he votes as a republican, is affiliated with the Benevolent and Protective Order of Elks, and a member of several Jewish societies. On September 20, 1910, at Cleveland, he married Miss Rae Schwarz, a native of this city and daughter of Louis Schwarz, now retired. They have two children, Harold and Ruth. FREDERICK W. BOLTZ. Almost any well informed man may presume to some acquaintance with the mysteries of the law. He would needs possess presumption to an unusual degree to claim a working knowledge of the abstruse and complicated rules and procedures of traffic rules and practices. If any vocation deserves to be called a profession it is that of traffic man. It may be that many are called to an acquaintance with the subject, but certain it is that few are chosen to he regarded as experts. Cleveland business men generally have come to entertain a high degree of respect for the qualifications of Frederick W. Boltz, an expert traffic man. He has been in that line of work for a long number of years, and his experience has served to fortify a natural capacity for mastering and comprehending the intricacies of the science. Mr. Boltz is traffic manager for the National Petroleum Association, with offices in the Guardian Building at Cleveland. He is a native of Cleveland, born in this 64 - CLEVELAND AND ITS ENVIRONS city December 8, 1862, a son of John A. and Catherine (Myers) Boltz. His parents are also natives of Cleveland, and still living here. The paternal grandparents, John Boltz and wife, came to Cleveland from Germany in the early '40s and spent the rest of their days in this locality. Grandfather Boltz was a farmer. The maternal grandparents, Philip Myers and wife, also came from Germany, and he was a mason contractor. John A. Boltz and his brother Frederick were pioneer confectionery manufacturers in Cleveland, had the oldest establishment of that kind in the city and continued the business for a long term of years. John A. Boltz is now retired. In the family were three sons, Frederick W., Edward G., and Charles A., all born, educated and still living in Cleveland. Frederick W. Boltz finished his education in the old Central High School of Cleveland. From high school he entered directly into the line of employment which has drawn out and developed his special skill. He was at first in railway service and did practical railway traffic work for twenty-one years, with headquarters at Cleveland. During that time he served the Lake Shore & Michigan Southern Railway, the Iowa Central and the Chicago, Milwaukee & St. Paul Railway. As one of the very competent men in his line in the country his services were sought in 1906 as traffic manager for the National Petroleum Association, an organization comprehending nearly all the prominent oil producing and refining companies in the United States. Mr. Boltz is a member of the Traffic Club of Cleveland, the Cleveland Athletic Club, is a republican in politics, and is a prominent Mason, being affiliated with Tyrian Lodge No. 370, Free & Accepted Masons, Cleveland Chapter, Royal Arch Masons, Holyrood Commandery, Knights Templar, Lake Erie Consistory of the Scottish Rite, and is a member and for two years was a director of Al Koran Temple of the Mystic Shrine. He also belongs to the Cleveland Automobile Club and Quinnebog Fishing Club. Mr. Boltz resides at 12450 Forest Grove Avenue. He married at Cleveland June 2, 1886, Miss Lillian E. Cooke, daughter of Charles E. and Elizabeth (Perry) Cooke. Her parents came from Gloucestershire, England, when Mrs. Boltz was two years of age and settled in Cleveland, where the parents resided for over forty years, until about fifteen years ago they moved out to Los Angeles, California, and retired. Mrs. Boltz' father died in De eeinber, 1917, and her mother still lives there. Charles E. Cooke was proprietor of the first steam laundry operated in Cleveland, known as the City Laundry. Mrs. Boltz was educated in Cleveland public schools. They are the parents of two sons, Raymond Q. and Frederick W., Jr. Raymond graduated from the East High School of Cleveland in 1908 and is now assistant manager of the Wayne Oil Tank & Pump Company at Pittsburgh. The younger son is a senior in East High School. HIRAM F. KINGSLEY. A thoroughly plain and unassuming citizen, a resident of Cleveland many years, but never seeking any of the conspicuous places in public affairs for which his abilities are most worthy, Hiram F. Kingsley has been content with the role of a practical business man, and in the past thirty years has built up and developed one of the largest wholesale paper houses in the state. He was born at Fort Edward in Washington County, New York, June 14, 1856, a son of Warren and Marietta Cook (Everest) Kingsley. Both parents were of old American stock, his mother English and his father French and English. The father was a native of Connecticut and the mother of Vermont and both are now deceased. For many years his father was a merchant at Fort Edward and also had extensive interests as a manufacturer and dealer in iron ores. Hiram F. Kingsley received a public school education and when quite a young man came to Cleveland and was bookkeeper for the Cleveland Window Glass Company and the Cleveland Paper Company. In 1888 he established the Kingsley Paper Company, and later was joined in this business by his brother Gen. Herbert B. Kingsley. These two men have conducted the company's affairs and have made it probably the largest institution of its kind in Cleveland. As wholesalers their field of distribution for paper products extends over several adjoining states. Mr. Kingsley is a member of the Cleveland Chamber of Commerce, the Cleveland Athletic Club and votes as a republican. He married .Jennie Wise, daughter of William Wise of Louisville, Kentucky. GEN. HERBERT B. KINGSLEY was for many years a leader in the Ohio National Guard, served as adjutant general of the state during the period of the Spanish-American war, and has been prominent as a Cleveland manufacturer and business man. CLEVELAND AND ITS ENVIRONS - 65 He was born at Fort Edward, New York, March 28, 1858, a son of Warren and Marietta Cook (Everest) Kingsley, and a brother of his business partners Charles W and Hiram F. Kingsley. elsewhere mentioned. General Kingsley was educated in the public schools of his native town and also at Cleveland. His business career covers a period of almost forty years. His first work was with the Cleveland Window Glass Company, and he rose to the position of secretary of that corporation. Later he began manufacturing oil products, and finally joined his brother H. F. Kingsley as a member of the Kingsley Paper Company, which through them jointly has become one of the leading wholesale paper companies of Ohio. Besides this active connection General Kingsley is president of the Metropolitan Security Company, first vice president of the Security Savings & Loan Company and vice president of the Mutual Mortgage Company. Soon after coming to Cleveland he interested himself in local military organizations and for ten years was a member of the Cleveland Grays, Ohio National Guard, retiring as its adjutant. He then joined the famous Troop A of the Ohio National Guard, and left that with the rank of first lieutenant. In 1896 he was appointed assistant adjutant-general, State of Ohio, with the rank of colonel, and afterwards was appointed adjutant-general with the rank of major general. He held this office two terms, four years, making his headquarters at Columbus during the administration of Governor Asa S. Bushnell. This service was one of heavy and important responsibility in organizing and looking after the Ohio Military Units during the period of the Spanish-American war. With the close of his official work in the State National Guard he returned to his Cleveland home and resumed his former activity in the Kingsley Paper Company. General Kingsley has never married. He is a republican without a record of active participation in party affairs, and is a member of the Chamber of Commerce and the City Club. JAMES H. LAWRENCE. Few men connected with the public service of Cleveland have cleaner or more honorable records for straightforward and conscientious service during a long period of years than has James H. Lawrence. At various times in his career Mr. Lawrence has acted in official capacities and the work that he has done has always been of a nature satisfying to the people and creditable to his abilities. He has long been a leader in the ranks of the republican party and loyalty has been one of the chief features in his character. Mr. Lawrence is essentially a product of Cleveland and representative of the spirit and enterprise of the big city. He was born here, February 11, 1862, his father being William J. Lawrence, a native of London, England. The elder man immigrated to the United States when little past his majority and upon his arrival established himself in business as proprietor of one of the pioneer meat markets of Cleveland. Through attention to business, industry, good management and honorable dealing he accumulated a small fortune, and when he died, at the age of fifty-one years, left a clear record for business integrity and personal probity. He came of an old English family, as did also Mrs. Lawrence, also a native of London, who bore the maiden name of Maria Cain. She died at the age of eighty-four years. James H. Lawrence received his literary education in the public schools of Cleveland, and prepared himself for a business career by a commercial course in the famous Spencerian College. He gained his first experience in actual business matters while working with his father in the latter's meat market, and while thus engaged became interested in politics. He was soon recognized as one of the strong and forceful young leaders of republicanism in his neighborhood of the city, and his first public service came in the capacity of assistant superintendent of markets during the McKisson administration, a post for which he had been admirably fitted by his former experience. Under the administration of Mayor Baehr, he was made supervisor of cemeteries, and on the ticket with Mayor Davis he came into the position of deputy commissioner of streets. Mr. Lawrence continued in that capacity until the latter part of 1917, when he resigned and soon after was appointed a bailiff of the Common Pleas Court. In each of his official capacities he has shown himself energetic, a hard and faithful worker and a man who has apparently realized the meaning of public service and its responsibilities and has endeavored to keep his record clean. Accordingly, he stands high in the estimation of his fellow-citizens, and his loyalty to party and friends has made his position strong. He has been an active factor in the republican party, and has represented the 66 - CLEVELAND AND ITS ENVIRONS Sixteenth Ward for the past twenty years as a delegate to city, county and state conventions, as well as having been a member of the City Central Committee. When not engaged in the discharge of his public duties, Mr. Lawrence has handled real estate and engaged in other business ventures, so that his name is not unknown in business circles of the city. Fraternally he belongs to Iris Lodge, No. 229, Free and Accepted Masons, Webb Chapter, No. 54, Royal Arch Masons, and the National Union, and also holds membership in the Western Reserve and Tippecanoe clubs. Mr. Lawrence was married October 28, 1891, in Ashtabula County, Ohio, to Miss Flora Stulta, a native of Ohio and daughter of William Stultz, of New Lima, Ohio. To this union there has been born one daughter and one son: Bernice M., the wife of John McMahon, formerly of Willoughby and now a salesman of Cleveland; and James H., Jr., who married Miss Jessie Fuller, a native of Chagrin Falls, Ohio. FRANK E. STEVENS, judge of the Court of Common Pleas of the Eleventh Judicial District, has been an active member of the Cleveland and Ohio bar over twenty years, and for the greater part of that time has been identified in some capacity with the public business of Cleveland. Judge Stevens was born at Tarentum, Pennsylvania, September 12, 1870, a son of Rev. W. D. and Harriet E. (Brooks) Stevens. His father was horn at Ravenna, Ohio, and his mother at Norwich, New York. They were married in Salem, Ohio, in 1861. Rev. W. D. Stevens was a minister of the Methodist Episcopal Church and had a long and active career in the ministry, filling many pulpits in Eastern and Southeastern Ohio, was for a brief time located in Pennsylvania, and from 1880 to 1882 was pastor of the Miles Park Methodist Episcopal Church of Cleveland. He gave forty-four years of his life to the ministry and died at Cleveland October 14, 1906, his wife following him in July, 1907. Of their four children, Judge Stevens was the only one born in Pennsylvania, the others claiming Ohio as their native state. These children were: Sarah B., of Cleveland ; Edgar D., who died in Harrison County, Ohio, at the age of twenty, while teaching school; Frank E.; and Emma, wife of John Hemming, of Cleveland. As is true of all ministers' sons, Judge Stevens had his early educational advantages in many different schools and localities. Most of the schools he attended were in the southeastern part of Ohio. From public school he entered Franklin College, graduating A. B. with the class of 1892. He taught school three years, being principal of a school at Bridgeport, Ohio, two years. While teaching he was also studying law, and in 1896 was admitted to the bar and removed to Cleveland. Judge Stevens then engaged in private practice until 1901. In that year he was made secretary of the Municipal Association of Cleveland, now known as the Civic League, and handled much of the executive and routine work of the organization until 1906. In 1906, Newton D. Baker, now Secretary of War, appointed him an assistant in the city law department, and he was Mr. Baker's assistant until January 1, 1913. Judge Stevens was elected to the Court of Common Pleas in the fall of 1912 for a term of six years. He began his duties on the bench in January, 1913, and still has over a year to serve. He has commended himself to the bar and public by his conscientious thoroughness and impartiality and the legal and human wisdom which he brings to every case brought before him. Judge Stevens is.a democrat, a member of Glenville Lodge, No. 618, Free and Accepted Masons, Knights of Pythias, City Club, Council of Sociology, Cleveland Bar Association, Cleveland Automobile Club and outside of his home and profession finds his chief recreation in motoring and fishing. June 26, 1902, at Cleveland, Judge Stevens married Miss Fanny Swingler. They have one son, Joseph Brooks, born at Cleveland January 23, 1904. JAMES L. MAULDIN came to Cleveland in 1889, and it is doubtful if any of his contemporaries have put in more earnest and indefatigable work in their respective lines than Mr. Mauldin. Mr. Mauldin is a dynamo of energy, has furnished the propelling power for a number of local enterprises, and is at the head of one of Cleveland's most distinctive institutions, a business of nation-wide scope and importance. He was born in Maryland, May 9, 1865. His paternal ancestry is French and English and was established in America in 1700. His father. John Mauldin, was horn in Maryland and died in Cleveland in 1899. He was a merchant in Baltimore and at one time served as county commissioner of Cecil County. The mother, Emily (Lamdin) Mauldin, was also CLEVELAND AND ITS ENVIRONS - 67 born in Maryland and died in 1884. Her American ancestors saw service in the Revolutionary war. James L. Mauldin attended the public schools of Maryland, and his first business experience was as a bookkeeper. Coming to Cleveland in 1889 from Baltimore, he organized the Cleveland Savings and Bond Association, becoming its manager. After this company had served its purpose and retired from business Mr. Mauldin became chief clerk in the .Johnson Company. The owners of this company were the late Tom L. and Albert Johnson and the principal business of the company was handling electrical goods. After several years with this firm Mr. Mauldin started a business for himself, organizing the Eastern Electrical Equipment Company for handling electrical supplies. In former years Mr. Mauldin did much promotion work, and secured a number of valuable franchises. One of these was for a right of way running from Brooklyn to Wadsworth by way of Medina and over practically the same route now used by the Cleveland Southwestern & Columbus Railroad. He also secured a franchise for an electric road between Elyria and Lorain. He was one of the directors of the company which secured from the Government of Honduras a franchise for the purpose of opening up the Patties to navigation. However, his principal achievement in business affairs at Cleveland was the founding in 1895 of the Cleveland Armature Works. He has been with his partner, Alvin A. Pifer, guiding this institution from the beginning. It was started with a small plant, limited capital and a restricted output, but has grown to be the largest business of its kind in the United States. In fact it is the only concern in the line which has a national scope and draws its patronage from all sections of the country. In June, 1918, the business was incorporated as the Cleveland Armature Works, Incorporated, Mr. Mauldin becoming president, for the purpose of continuing its large volume of repairing electrical machinery and in addition to engage extensively in the manufacture of new electrical machinery and apparatus. In 1918 an addition was added to the original factory, which more than doubles its previous capacity. Mr. Mauldin was also one of the originators and promoters of a process for curing meat by electricity. The process has gained the unqualified recommendation of experts and competent judges, but it was a pioneer proposition, somewhat in advance of the times and has up to this date not been introduced on a successful financial basis. It is not too much to claim, however, that in the near future the electrical• process will supplant all former processes of curing meats and other products by the salt brine method. Mr. Mauldin is a charter member of Windermere Lodge. Free and Accepted Masons, is affiliated with the National Union, the Cleveland Commercial Travelers, the Colonial East Shore Country Club, Cleveland Yacht Club, Southern Club, and with his family is a member of the East Congregational Church of East Cleveland. Politically he is independent and has always been too busy to seek political honors. He is also a member of the Cleveland Chamber of Commerce, Rotary Club, and the Electrical League of Cleveland. At Baltimore, Maryland, in 1888, he married Mary J. Dodd, a native of that state and a daughter of Alexander Dodd, who for many years was a wholesale trunk and harness manufacturer at Baltimore. Mr. and Mrs. Mauldin have six children: Emily, wife of W. A. Pierce, of Cleveland; Catherine is Mrs. John Ryan; Dodd, who married Florence Fuller, of Cleveland; Ruth, Henrietta and James L., Jr. WILLIAM J. McNAMARA. Among the numerous business interests represented at Cleveland, one which has an important bearing upon the music trade is the manufacture and sale of supplies for phonographs. In recent years these instruments have been installed in homes all over the country and have been perfected to a state where it is necessary to have equipment of the most delicate character. A leading house in manufacturing supplies and equipment is the Empire Phono Parts Company, of which the organizer. William J. McNamara, is president. Mr. McNamara has a long and honorable business record at Cleveland, where he is at present identified with a number of prominent interests. William J. McNamara was born at Newburgh, five miles southwest of Chagrin Falls, Ohio, October 13, 1862, a son of Daniel and Bridget (Kelly) McNamara. His father, a native of Ireland and an engineer by vocation, came to the United States in the early '50s, and resided at different points in Ohio, but spent the latter years of his life at Cleveland, where he died in 1905. Mrs. McNamara, who also was horn in Ireland, died in 1914. The 68 - CLEVELAND AND ITS ENVIRONS education of William J. McNamara was secured in the public schools of Cleveland, to which city he was brought as a small boy, and when still a lad secured employment in the wholesale tea and coffee house of Stevenson & Company, and for John H. Gans & Company. Subsequently he was employed by a railroad company for a short time, and then went to Chicago, where he embarked in the electroplating business on his own account, an enterprise which he likewise followed at Cincinnati. Disposing of his interests at the latter place in 1902, he returned to Cleveland, where he was placed in charge of a department in the Sanitary Manufacturing Company, manufacturers of plumbing supplies. When Mr. McNamara left this business it was to organize the Union Phonograph Supply Company, of which he was president until February, 1918, when the business was disposed of to the Brunswick-Blake-Collender Company, Chicago. This company was the first in the field to make the attachment that made it possible to play Victor. and other needle records on the Edison phonograph, and for five years this pioneer company has been supplying the trade with the latest and best in tone arms and reproducers. The practically unlimited capacity of the plant has enabled the house to supply orders with the greatest promptness. In 1917 the great growth of the business necessitated the erection of a new plant for manufacturing purposes, and this was erected at Dubuque, Iowa, although the home office and headquarters continued to he maintained at Cleveland until disposed of. In March, 1918, Mr. McNamara organized the Empire Phono Parts Company for the manufacture of phonograph parts. He is president of the new company. Mr. McNamara, who has various other business interests at Cleveland, is widely known in trade circles and has won recognition as an energetic and progressive exponent of modern business methods and of high ideals and principles. He belongs to the Cleveland Chamber of Industry and has allied himself with various movements for business and civic betterment and advancement. A democrat in his political views, he has not cared for public life and has therefore taken only a voter's part in the activities of his party. Several years prior to the Spanish-American war Mr. McNamara enlisted in the Emmet Guards, Ohio National Guard, under Capt. Edward Kelly, and served for two years, and then enlisted in Company A, Fifth Regiment, Ohio National Guard, but left Cleveland before the expiration of his enlistment. He is a member of the Knights of Columbus, and he and his family belong to the Catholic Church. Mr. McNamara was married in April, 1897, to Miss Georgiana Carr, who was born at Cleveland, daughter of Patrick Carr, one of the very early settlers of the city, a well known merchant, and during the early days a member of the City Council. He is now deceased. Mr. and Mrs. McNamara are the parents of one daughter, Ethel, a graduate of the Cleveland schools, who resides with her parents. OTIS RICHMOND COOK, general sales manager and director of the Kelly-Springfield Tire Company, is a veteran in the rubber industry and was selling rubber goods for the B. F. Goodrich Company of Arkon a quarter of a century ago, at a time when automobile tires were undreamed of. He was therefore in this branch of the automobile industry at its inception, and if it were possible to get exact statistics in the matter it would probably be found that Mr. Cook has sold or supervised the selling of as many automobile tires as any other individual in the United States. For the greater part of his life his home has been in Cleveland. He was born in this city, October 16, 1875. His family is regarded as one of the very oldest of the pioneer stock of Lake County, Ohio. The Cooks have lived there for several generations and many of them owned etxensive farm lands. Mr. Cook's grandfather, Joseph Cook, was a Connecticut man and a pioneer in the Western Reserve. The father of Otis R. Cook was the late Colonel Benton Cook, especially well remembered for his service as a railroad man. He was born at Perry in Lake County, and died at Cleveland in 1890, at the age of fifty-five. For nearly forty years he was connected with the Lake Shore & Michigan Southern Railroad, and was the passenger conductor who brought the first passenger train over that road from Buffalo to Cleveland when the line was opened. He retired from service about three years before his death. He was prominent in Masonry, being affiliated with Painesville Lodge, Free and Accepted Masons, and Eagle Commandery of the Knights Templar. Col. Benton Cook married Jennie Shattuck, who died at Cleveland in 1907, at the age of sixty-seven. For over thirty years she was a very active worker in the Plymouth Congregational Church of Cleveland. She was a native of Devonshire, Eng- CLEVELAND AND ITS ENVIRONS - 69 land, and was five years of age when she was brought to Ohio by her parents, Mr. and Mrs. Samuel Shattuck, who settled on Cedar Avenue, near Perry Street. Colonel Cook and wife had four sons and two daughters, Eugene Benton, Edgar Samuel, Josephine Dana, Gertrude Manners, Clarence Edward and Otis B. Eugene B. was superintendent of the Cleveland Division of the New York Central lines and was killed in an accident on the Belt Line in Cleveland in 1915. Edgar S. died at the age of six years. Josephine Dana died on her twenty-first birthday. Gertrude is Mrs. William H. Wright, of Baltimore, Maryland. Clarence is branch operating manager of the B. F. Goodrich Company, at Akron. All the children were born in the old Cleveland home, and those now deceased are buried in Lake View cemetery. Otis R. Cook was educated in the public schools of Cleveland. In 1893 he took up work with the B. F. Goodrich Company at Akron, and from that date until 1905 was a general representative of the company traveling all over the United States selling bicycle tires, carriage tires and other rubber goods. When the first automobiles were introduced he was a pioneer in the sale of automobile tires, though for some time that was a distinctly side line with him. In 1906, on leaving the B. F. Goodrich Company. Mr. Cook spent a year and a half with the Firestone Tire & Rubber Company as special representative of the general sales department. In 1908 he left the Firestone Company and was general manager from February. 1909. to the first of the following year for the Federal Rubber Company of Milwaukee. January 1, 1910. Mr. Cook became general representative of the Kelly-Springfield Tire Company, and at that date resumed his residence in Cleveland. Since 1913 he has been general sales manager and was elected a director of the corporation in 1914. Mr. Cook had tench to do with giving Cleveland one of its mast recent and notable buildings in the automobile district. the Kelly-Springfield Tire Company's building at Prospect Avenue and Forty-sixth Street. This building is a landmark in the rapidly widening area covered by the automobile interests, and is a handsome three story and basement structure built of concrete and terra cotta, with 86 feet of frontlet, on Prospect Avenue and running hank 167 feet on Forty-sixth Street. It was opened April 1, 1918. and was constructed and is owned by the Prospect-Forty-sixth Street improvement Company, of which Mr. Cook is president. The Kelly-Springfield Tire Company occupies 30,000 square feet of space in this building. The company conducts here a complete service station, repair shop, and has a stock room for 20,000 pneumatic tires and 5,000 truck tires. Mr. Cook is a member of the Society of Automobile Engineers, the Cleveland Automobile Club, the Cleveland Athletic Club, Shaker Heights Country Club, and in Masonry is affiliated with Tyrian Lodge No. 370, Free and Accepted Masons, Cleveland Chapter, Royal Arch Masons, Holyrood Commandery, Knight Templars, the various Scottish Rite bodies and Al Koran Temple of the Mystic Shrine. He attends the Fairmount Presbyterian Church, of which his wife is a member. Mr. Cook's chief recreations are automobiling and golf. His home is at 2888 Fairfax Road, at the corner of Marlboro Park in Cleveland Heights. February 19, 1895, at Cleveland, he married Miss Gertrude Ione Bacon, of Nicholson, Pennsylvania. She was born in that town, was educated in Scranton, graduating from the high school there, and is well known in Cleveland social life, being a member of the Woman's City Club and is assistant director of the Fairmount Red Cross. Mr. and Mrs. Cook have one son, Joseph Arthur. He was born at Akron, Ohio, graduated from Dean Academy, a well known preparatory school of Franklin, Massachusetts, in 1917, took a post graduate course in 1918 and in fall of 1918 entered the Wharton School of Finance and Economics of the University of Pennsylvania at Philadelphia. REV. WILLIAM W. BUSTARD, D. D. The Euclid Avenue Baptist Church of Cleveland is one of the largest and most prominent churches of this city. Here and elsewhere it is the church referred to as "John D. Rockefeller's church." It is the only church in which Mr. Rockefeller has ever had membership. and he was baptized there in February, 18:54, It was also the church home of Mrs. Rockefeller during her life. Mr. Rockefeller has worshipped there when in Cleveland and has been one of the chief financial supporters of the congregation. Since June, 1909. Rev. William W. Bustard, D. D., has been pastor of the Euclid Avenue Baptist Church. He came to this charge from one of the strongest Baptist churches in New England, and his work as a minister covers the years since 1897. His two pastorates, one in Boston and the other in Cleveland, have 70 - CLEVELAND AND ITS ENVIRONS been remarkably successful. In both places it has been impossible to accommodate the great crowds who have come to hear him preach, and frequently hundreds have been turned away from the doors. He has proved himself a great spiritual leader and energetic and forceful administrator of church work. His pastorates have been marked by great additions to the church membership and splendid success in building up the organizations of which he has been the head. He has always accepted his church pastorate as an opportunity for vital influence in community affairs, and has interested himself in reform work, and has proved a great power for temperance and civic righteousness in the cities where his churches have been located. Doctor Bustard was born at Paterson, New Jersey, October 20, 1871. His father, Robert Bustard, died in July, 1917, at Paterson, at the age of eighty-three. He was a boss mechanic in his active years and had often served as superintendent of streets and alderman in Paterson. The mother, Sarah Matthews Bustard, is also deceased. William W. Bustard laid a careful groundwork to his career as a minister and besides his several scholastic degrees had a wide and intimate acquaintance with men and affairs. He graduated from the South Jersey Institute in 1891, took his A. B. degree from Brown University at Providence, Rhode Island, in 1895, and finished his work in the Newton Theological Seminary in 1898. Mr. Bustard was given the degree Doctor of Divinity by Carson-Newman College in Tennessee. He was a noted athlete in his college days. He was captain of the Brown University baseball team and also played on the university football team. On leaving the theological seminary he went to the Amesbury, Massachusetts, Baptist Church in 1898, but in 1900 accepted a call to the Dudley Street Baptist Church of Boston. This is one of the largest churches in New England, and he remained with it until 1909, when he came to Cleveland. With all the heavy responsibilities of looking after a great church organization, Doctor Bustard has been an active worker in the cause of good government. Politically he is an independent republican. He is affiliated with the college fraternity Beta Theta Pi. At Lewiston, Maine, October 5. 1898, he married Ethel May Channell, daughter of Henry A. and Arobine (Dixon) Channel]. FRANK GRANT HOGEN has been a working factor in Cleveland's business and industrial affairs for the past forty years. A successful business man, he has also found time to serve the public and has been interested in every movement for Cleveland's progress and welfare. Mr. Hogen was born in Cleveland May 22, 1863, son of Andrew C. and Mary T. Hogen. His father was of Pennsylvania Dutch and his mother of Scotch ancestry. His father was born October 5, 1829, and his mother August 26, 1830. Mr. Hogen as a boy attended the Bolton School in East Cleveland and finished the work of the eighth grade nearly forty years ago. His first business connection was in the auditing department of the Standard Oil Company. In 1887, thirty years ago, he became connected with the firm of Auld SG Conger. In 1903 he organized the F. G. Hogen Company and in 1910 organized the Cuyahoga Roofing Company, in which he is still a stockholder. Mr. Hogen served as director of public safety in Cleveland during 1910-11, and since 1912 has been director of schools. For five years he was a member of the Brooks Corps. He is an active republican, is affiliated with Woodward Lodge of Masons, Webb Chapter, Royal Arch Masons, Oriental Commandery, Knights Templars, and Al Koran Temple of the Mystic Shrine. He is well known in club and social affairs, being a member of the Cleveland Athletic Club, Willowick Country Club, Cleveland Gun Club and the City Club. He recently exhibited at the City Club an interesting old time firearm, a gun more than a hundred years old and which was bought by his grandfather in the latter part of the eighteenth century. This gun was originally a flintlock rifle, but his grandfather had part of it sawed off and the muzzle bored out, converting it into a powder and cap shotgun. Mr. Hogen is a member of the Euclid Avenue Congregational Church. On October 17, 1895, at Cleveland, he married Miss Louise Jane Kelly, daughter of William and Elizabeth (Connell) Kelly. They have two sons, Frank Grant Hogen, Jr., and Harry Kelly Hogen. The Hogen family residence is at 1823 East 97th Street. JAMES O. DEVITT. In the last days of November, 1906, James 0. Devitt was assigned to a place in the offices of the Guarantee Title CLEVELAND AND ITS ENVIRONS - 71 & Trust Company in the Chamber of Commerce Building in charge of some of the books of the company. He was bookkeeper several years, but from the beginning he was more than a routine man, and did a great deal more than the nominal responsibilities of his position called for. In 1915, before he had reached the dignity of his thirtieth birthday, Mr. Devitt was promoted by the board of directors to the office of treasurer of the company, and the honors and duties of that office are still his by right and merit. It is a distinctive position in the financial circles of Cleveland since the Guarantee Title & Trust Company is "the oldest and largest title and trust company in Ohio." On its list of directors and officers are many imposing names, significant of high business and financial achievement, and the assets of the company on July 31, 1917, totalled more than $1,500,000. James O. Devitt was born on a farm in Meigs Township of Morgan County, Ohio, May 15, 1886. His parents, Charles W. and Alice A. (Gilliland) Devitt, were also born in Morgan County, and since 1902 have lived on a farm of 100 acres in Penn Township of that county. They are active members of the Methodist Episcopal Church, and people of high social standing, representing some of the best old families of the county. Charles W. Devitt has always followed the occupation of farming. He and his wife are the parents of four children, two daughters and two sons: James O.; and Ray W., the second born, who was principal of the high school at Stockport, Ohio, for a number of years and is now in the hardware business at Stockport with the firm Stockport Hardware Company; Ina, who lives with her brother James at Cleveland; and Mabel, who is at home and still getting her education. James O. Devitt was educated in the public schools of his native locality, and after graduating from public school entered Oberlin Commercial College at Oberlin, where he graduated in 1906. With this training be came to Cleveland, and for several months was bookkeeper with the Osborn Manufacturing Company. Then in November, 1906, he entered the service of the Guarantee Title & Trust Company. Mr. Devitt is a member of the Cleveland Chamber of Commerce, the Electric League, the Cleveland Real Estate Board and the Kiwanis Club. October 20, 1907. he married Miss Blanche C. Bain, of Pennsville, Morgan County, Ohio. She and her parents, William S. and Mary Bain, were all born in Morgan County, and the family is one of social standing in that community. William S. Bain served three years as a Union soldier during the Civil war. He and his wife are still living, retired farmers. Mrs. Devitt was educated in the public schools, graduating from the Penn-vile schools and for two years was a primary teacher. She is a member of the Glenville Presbyterian Church at Cleveland. Mr. and Mrs. Devitt have one son, James Bain, born at Cleveland November 27, 1913. Their home is at 9501 Yale Avenue, Northeast. SAMUEL H. SILBERT, a judge of the Municipal Court of Cleveland, gained his higher education and qualified for admission to the bar under circumstances that are of themselves the highest proof of his intellectual capacity, his unflagging energy and his character. Every community has appreciation for the just and upright judge, and his office is properly regarded as a palladium of personal liberty. But only rarely does a judge respond to those countless opportunities for effective and valuable service outside the routine and range of his regular functions. It has been as much the extra-official services of Judge Silbert both as police prosecutor and as municipal judge that have distinguished him and made him the valued adviser and confidant of thousands of Cleveland people. Thus it has come about that Judge Silbert presides over practically two courts, a regular judicial chamber in the City Hall and also his residence at 1076 Parkside Road. His home is a sort of open People's Court every night, and it has been estimated that nearly a hundred persons call every evening at his residence and seek from the judge free advice on every possible subject. These people comprise every nationality in the citizenship of Cleveland. Judge Silbert has been a firm believer and has practiced the principle of settling controversies out of court wherever possible, and he has always been willing to be of service and help unfortunate people in their struggles. Judge Silbert was born April 15, 1881, and is the son of immigrant parents. Soon after the death of his father his widowed mother brought her four small children to the United States and settled at Newark, New Jersey. Judge Silbert was the oldest of the two sons and two daughters and was seven years of age when his father died. His younger brother, Benjamin J., is a mining engineer in Mexico. 72 - CLEVELAND AND ITS ENVIRONS His two sisters are Mildred, now Mrs. J. Kauffmann, of Los Angeles, California, and Rose, now Mrs. M. Raphael, of Los Angeles. Judge Silbert was educated in the public schools of Newark, New Jersey, and helped his mother by selling newspapers after school. When he was eighteen he came alone to Cleveland, and entered diligently upon the finishing work of his higher education. To support himself he worked ten hours every day and his study periods were limited to night time. He combined his literary and law courses, attending alternately the night classes of the Central Institute and the Cleveland Law School of Baldwin-Wallace College. Notwithstanding the handicaps under which he pursued his higher education, he graduated from the night high school as the valedictorian of the 1906 class; and in 1907 was third honor man at the Cleveland Law School, when he was given his LL. B. degree. Judge Silbert is now a member of the faculty of the Cleveland Law School, professor of the Law of Domestic Relations. He was admitted to the Ohio bar in 1907, and for four years practiced law in all the courts of Cleveland, being a member of the law firm of Silbert & Morgenstein. In December, 1911, Mayor, now Secretary of War, Newton D. Baker, appointed him police prosecutor. He filled that position more than four years, and it was his splendid record in that office that paved the way for his election to the Municipal Court Bench. While police prosecutor it is estimated that Judge Silbert conciliated 41,000 cases by the summons system, and affected a saving to litigants of many thousands of dollars by keeping them out of the regular channels of judicial procedure. While this is the outstanding feature of his record as police prosecutor, it is also a matter of record that he was exceedingly vigilant in the prosecution of real criminals, and has the distinction of convicting more dope peddlers than any other police prosecutor in the United States during that time, and practically broke up the system in Cleveland for the time. In 1915 provision was made for three additional judges of the Municipal Court of Cleveland. The seven original judges were heavily burdened with dockets of eases which could not possibly he worked out in the normal season, and thus it was that three vacancies had to he filled in the court at the election in November. Mr. Silbert was one of the candidates, and in a field of twenty-eight as pirants for the municipal bench his popularity was tested and given unequivocal approval when he received 3,200 votes more than any other candidate. He began his four-year term as Municipal Court Justice on January 1, 1916. Judge Silbert is a democrat in politics, a member of the Cleveland Bar Association, the Ohio State Bar Association, the Cleveland Law Library Association, the City Club, the Chamber of Commerce, Cleveland Lodge No. 18, Benevolent and Protective Order of Elks, the Knights of Pythias, the Loyal Order of Moose, the Independent Aid Society, and the H. B. and S. U. On June 29, 1909, at Steubenville, Ohio, Judge Silbert married Miss Annie R. Weinstein, of that city. She was born and educated there. Both Judge and Mrs. Silbert are very domestic, and while enjoying the friendship of many scores of the good people of their home city, they are especially devoted to home interests. Judge Silbert's special hobby is books, and he has surrounded himself with a fine private library of over 3,000 volumes. HARRY GILLETT. One of the prominent and staple business men of Cleveland is Harry Gillett, whose name is identified honorably with a number of the important enterprises and industries of this city. He is a native of England, born April 28, 1867, in the great city of London. His parents are Esau and Emily (Oborn) Gillett, natives of Hertfordshire and Devonshire, England. The father was born in 1828 and remained in his home neighborhood until his school period was over, when he went to London and there subsequently engaged in the business of building contracting, in which he continued until recent years. He now lives retired. Harry Gillett was afforded excellent educational advantages, which included attendance at Dulwich College, from which institution he was graduated at the age of seventeen years. He then served an apprenticeship under his father and became competent in the building line. In 1890 he came to the United States and located at Ogden, Utah, where he went into the wholesale and retail paint business under the style of the H. Gillett Company, but three years later, finding conditions in Utah not encouraging in a business sense, he went to Wisconsin, where until 1895 he was engaged as a traveling salesman for the Phoenix Paint Company of Cleveland. It was in 1895 that Mr. Gillett came to Cleve- CLEVELAND AND ITS ENVIRONS - 73 land and here took charge of the paint department of the Cleveland Window Glass Company, remaining with this business house until July, 1897, when he became associated with the H. W. Johns Manufacturing Company of New York City, for the sale of their paint over the state of Ohio, and continued to thus represent them for one year, when he was made manager of their entire business for the Ohio district, with headquarters at Cleveland. On January 1, 1902, the above company and the Manville Manufacturing Company consolidated as the H. W. Johns-Manville Company. As indicative of the favorable impression made by Mr. Gillett by this time, he was elected manager for this concern of the following branch houses, where he maintains offices: Detroit, Cincinnati, Toledo, Youngstown, Akron, Columbus, Dayton, Ohio, and Huntington, West Virginia. Mr. Gillett has under his direct supervision about 750 people and several hundred indirectly. The company manufactures asbestos for heat and cold insulation and electricity, that includes steam packings, roofings, and automobile accessories, such as break linings and speedometers. On January 1, 1916, Mr. Gillett became a member of the directing board of his company. Under the heavy responsibilities placed upon him at times he has proven the possession of great business capacity, and in his determination to excel, he has always much more than come up to expectation. On January 25, 1893, Mr. Gillett was married at Palmyra, Wisconsin, to Miss Cora B. Erricson, and they have three children : Gladys, who is in training for Red Cross work at Battle Creek, Michigan; Harry, a youth of eighteen who is a student in the high school ; and William, eleven years old, who attends the public school. Mr. Gillett and family are members of the Episcopal Church. While Mr. Gillett prefers to be an independent voter, he by no means evades public responsibility, ever willingly exerting his influence along the line of civic reform and generously contributing to movements of public benevolence. He is a member of the Cleveland Chamber of Commerce and the Society of Engineers. Fraternally he is a Chapter Mason and socially is identified with the Union Club. the Cleveland Athletic Club and the Shaker Heights Country Club, being a director of the latter organization. Personally he is genial and approachable and it is not difficult to understand how he makes personal as well as business friends. JUDGE FRANK B. GOTT, of the Court of Common Pleas, Eleventh Judicial District, County of Cuyahoga, was admitted to the Ohio bar in June. 1900, and subsequently to the United States District Court. On his admission to the bar Judge Gott became assistant in the office of the city- solicitor, now called director of law. At that time Newton D. Baker, the present secretary of war, was city solicitor of Cleveland. Judge Gott was for four years under Mr. Baker, and went from that position to the county prosecuting attorney's office as assistant prosecuting attorney of Cuyahoga County under Sylvester McMahon. He was in the county office three years and with this thorough experience began private practice as member of the firm Estep & Gott. They were together two years, until Mr. Estep was elected a member of the Common Pleas Bench, with which court he is still identified. The next law partnership was made with Cyrus Locher, under the name Gott & Locher. In the fall of 1912 this partnership was broken up by both members being called to public office, Mr. Locher as prosecuting attorney of Cuyahoga County and Mr. Gott as a judge of the Court of Common Pleas. He began his six-year term in 1913. Frank B. Gott was born at LaGrange, Lorain County, Ohio. August 14, 1871, son of William H. and Lorinda (Gott) Gott. His father, who died at LaGrange in July, 1917, was a lumber merchant and auctioneer during his active life. The mother is still living at Wellington in Lorain County. Both parents were natives of the Catskill Mountains of New York State, but were married in Ohio. Judge Gott's ancestors were Hollanders who came to America and settled in the Catskill Mountains in 1668. Many of the descendants are still living there and Judge Gott had a pleasant visit among them in 1916. The judge's grandparents came to Lorain County, Ohio, in 1830, buying land from the Connecticut hand Company at 50 cents an acre. Few residents of Cleveland have behind them the record of a more sturdy and patriotic ancestry than Judge Gott. His great-grandfathers on both sides were Revolutionary soldiers and his grandfather, Peter Gott, was born during the last year of the war for independence. His mother's grandfather, Rockwood, was also in the Revolution. Thus .Judge Gott is eligible to membership in the Sons of the American Revolution on several counts. 74 - CLEVELAND AND ITS ENVIRONS He was the fifth in a family of four sons and two daughters, all of whom are living, his brothers and sisters being residents of Lorain County. His brothers are all farmers, one sister is a widow and the other unmarried. Judge Gott was educated in the public schools of LaGrange, graduating from the high school there in 1889 and then attended Valparaiso Normal School in Indiana, graduating in 1893. For a time he was a teacher and completed his higher education in Baldwin-Wallace College, 'from which he received the degree Ph. 13. in 1897. He studied law with the Cleveland Law School of Baldwin-Wallace College, graduating in 1900 LL. B., and admitted to the Ohio bar in June of the same year. Judge Gott is a democrat, a member of the board of trustees of the Lakewood Chamber of Commerce, member of the City Club of Cleveland, Civic League, Cleveland and Ohio Bar associations, the Westwood Country Club and the Knights of Pythias. His home is at 1095 Maplecliff in Lakewood. At Berea, Ohio, August 7, 1897, he married Miss Margaret M. Sheldon, daughter of George J. and Rosina (Pritchard) Sheldon. Her father, who served as a Union soldier in the Civil war with the rank of corporal and was subsequently a farmer, died at Berea in 1911. Mrs. Sheldon is now living with Judge and Mrs. Gott. Mrs. Gott was born at Red Oak, Iowa, but finished her education at Berea and was a teacher there before her marriage. CHARLES F. LAGANKE has long been prominent in mechanical engineering and manufacturing circles, and is now proprietor of an important Cleveland establishment as a tool manufacturer at 118 St. Clair Street. Mr. Laganke was born at Lauenberg, Germany, July 7, 1864, a son of Leopold and Augusta (Marbach) Laganke. His parents came to America in 1869, and in this country he had a public school education, leaving school about 1878, at the age of fourteen. His business experience, a succession of training, apprenticeship and successful accomplishment, may be noted briefly as follows: Three months with the Cleveland Spring Works, his first employers, two years as machinist in the shops of the White Sewing Machine, six months with Schneider & Trenkamp, three years with the Union Steel Screw Works, three years with Fred E. Bright, one year at the Lorain Wrench Company, two years for the Rogers Typograph Company, two years for H. V. Bright, and one year for the Lake Erie Bolt and Nut Company. For thirteen years Mr. Laganke lived at Athens, Tennessee, and was a mechanical expert and a director of the Fisher Book Typewriter Company. This business afterwards by consolidation became the widely known Elliott Fisher Company, whose special output is known all over the world. Following his connection with this industry he was for three years a director and one of the active executive men of the Keller Manufacturing Company at Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. In August, 1910, Mr. Lagahke engaged in business for himself at Cleveland and under his own name. He now has a large and well equipped shop for gauge, special tool and experimental work, and his output has a field of distribution throughout the United States and Canada. Mr. Laganke is a member of the Cleveland Engineering Society, the Rotary Club, the Automobile Club, the Chamber of Commerce, the East Cleveland Chamber of Commerce, and varied and extensive business interests. For a short time he served as a member of the Cleveland Grays. He is an active Thirty-Second Degree Mason, his Lodge and Chapter being Meridian Sun Lodge No. 50, Free and Accepted Mason, and McMinn Chapter No. 74, Royal Arch Masons, at Athens, Tennessee. He belongs to Oriental Commandery at Cleveland, Lake Erie Consistory and Al Koran Temple of the Mystic Shrine. In politics he is an independent voter. Mr. Laganke is married and has a family of one son, Otis C., and two daughters, Irene M. and Irma T. REGINALD G. A. PHILLIPS. To be identified with the growth and business development of the sixth city is an advantage that has been fully appreciated by many men now prominent in the city's many activities, who are today occupying positions of responsibility, the fruit of energetic and well directed effort. It is to this position in Cleveland commercial affairs that Reginald G. A. Phillips has attained during the twenty-eight years of his residence in the city. He is a native of England, born at Surbiton, Middlesex, July 15, 1873, son of George W. and Nellie (Martin) Phillips. He was educated in the Cavendish House Private School at Hammersmith, Middlesex, and on leaving that institution in 1890 came to America and found employment with the Brown Hoisting Machinery Company. He was seventeen years of age, and his first responsibilities were as time record CLEVELAND AND ITS ENVIRONS - 75 clerk. He was subsequently put in the cost keeping department, was billing clerk, assistant in the crane department, and after that was manager of the crane department until January, 1907. Mr. Phillips left this old and notable industrial organization of Cleveland to take an active part in a new industry whose subsequent record of growth and development is one of the marvels of American industrial affairs. He became assistant general manager with the American Multigraph Company, and for the past ten years has been actively associated with Mr. H. C. Osborn, president of the company, in the management and the building up and broadening out of the business. In 1908 he became secretary and director, and in March, 1917, was elected vice president, secretary and assistant general manager, the offices he holds at present. Mr. Phillips is also vice president and director of the Cleveland Railway Supply Company, is director of the American Fire Clay and Products Company, and a director of the Guarantee Savings & Loan Association. In social affairs he is a member of the Country Club, Cleveland Athletic Club, Automobile Club, Chamber of Commerce. On November 30, 1898, Mr. Phillips married at Cleveland, Jean Osborn, member of one of the oldest and most prominent families in Cleveland's industrial and civic history. They have two children, George Howe, a student at Cornell University, and Catherine Chisholm, attending the Hathaway-Brown School. JOHN VAUGHAN MOWE, assistant sales manager of the Kelly-Springfield Tire Company. has been in the rubber business a number of years and is a past master of salesmanship, a work and profession he has followed practically all his life. He was born at Oconomowoc, Wisconsin, May 15, 1870, son of Dr. John Simon and Lorain Collins (Vaughan) Mowe, both now deceased. His father was born in 1836, at Franklin, New Hampshire, and his mother in 1835, at Jerico Corners, Vermont. They married at Jerico, and in 1870 located at Oconomowoc, Wisconsin. moving to Berlin, Wisconsin, in 1885, where Doctor Mowe died in 1898, and his wife in 1907. Both are buried at Berlin. Doctor Mowe was a graduate in medicine. surgery and dentistry but through most of his active career practiced as a dentist. He and his wife had seven children, two sons and five daughters, all living except one daughter. John Vaughan Mowe, third in age in this family, and the only one living in Ohio, was educated in the public schools of Oconomowoc and Berlin, graduating from the Berlin High School in 1888. He began his career as a salesman with a wholesale cigar company located at Denver, and for six years traveled over Colorado and Utah. Returning to Chicago, he became manager of the packing house center for a wholesale woodenware house and sold their output to packing house centers in the United States. In 1904 Mr. Mowe became a partner with Henry Knight under the firm name of Henry Knight & Company at 35 River Street in Chicago, wholesale wooden-ware. Mr. Mowe joined the Firestone Tire and Rubber Company of Akron in 1906 as manager of the Detroit branch. He remained there until 1913, and then for a time was special factory representative at Akron for the Goodyear Tire & Rubber Company. In 1915 he became connected with the Kelly-Springfield Tire Company as assistant sales manager and has lived at Cleveland since 1915. His offices are in the general sales department at 4614 Prospect Avenue, in the handsome new quarters recently completed for the Kelly-Springfield Tire Company. Mr. Mowe has a large acquaintance with the automobile industries of this country. He is a member of the Cleveland Athletic Club, the Detroit Athletic Club, the Cleveland Automobile Club, the Society of Automotive Engineers, and is a member of the Shaker Heights Country Club. His favorite recreations are golf and motoring. August 11, 1901, he married Miss Minnie Louise Engelbracht, of Berlin, Wisconsin, where she was horn and where she graduated from the Berlin High School in the class of 1893. Mrs. Mowe is a member of St. Martin's Episcopal Church at Cleveland Heights. They have one son, John Frederick, who was horn in Chicago. NORRIS J. CLARICE. Among the business men of Cleveland who have come to the forefront rapidly in recent years. one who has distinctively impressed his abilities upon the community in several positions of importance is Norris J. Clarke, who, although still a young man, has large responsibilities and is the possessor of much practical experience. He has worked his own way to his present stand- 76 - CLEVELAND AND ITS ENVIRONS ing, having commenced his career in a minor capacity and has had to rely on no outside influence to gain advancement. Mr. Clarke is a native son of Cleveland, and was born August 29, 1883, his parents being Jay Newton and Pauline (Doll) Clarke. Jay Newton Clarke was born at Sandusky, Ohio, and during the early 70's came to Cleveland, where for many years he was connected with steel manufacturing companies. In 1907 he became sales manager for the Bethlehem Steel Company, which position he retained until April 1, 1917, when he resigned to take charge of the sales department of the Clarke, Thomas & Clarke Company, of Alliance, Ohio, manufacturers of shop garments. Mr. Clarke is widely known in business circles as a man of much ability and of absolute integrity. He was married at Cleveland June 1, 1874, to Pauline Doll, and they have been the parents of four children: Eunice, who is now Mrs. H. C. Hoak, of Cleveland; Harry N., president of the Corte Scope Company, of this city ; Alberta, who died in October, 1889; and Norris J., of this notice. Norris J. Clarke attended the graded schools of Cleveland and the Central High School, and in 1896 received his introduction to business affairs as office boy for the Bourne-Fuller Company, steel and iron merchants. He gradually won promotion through various offices by a display of energy, progressive spirit and a mastery of details of the business, until he reached the position of salesman, and in 1904 was made manager of the Pittsburgh office of the company, remaining in that city until January 1, 1912. At that time he returned to Cleveland, and was elected secretary and a director of the Upson Nut Company, a subsidiary company of the Bourne-Fuller Coinpany, and in addition to holding these offices also discharges the duties of treasurer and as a director of the Steel Car Company. Few men are better known in the steel industry here, and he also has a wide acquaintance in business circles generally. A man of wide influence and broad experience, he has already won the right to be numbered among those who are contributing to Cleveland's prestige in industrial and manufacturing affairs. He is an active member of the Cleveland Chamber of Commerce and of the Civic League, and gives the benefit of his abilities to movements founded for the betterment of the city and its people. In Masonry he belongs to Babcock Lodge, Free and Accepted Masons, McKinley Chapter, Royal Arch Masons, and Oriental Commandery, Knight Templars, and is a Shriner of Al Koran Temple. He is likewise well known to club life, belonging, among others, to the Union, Mayfield Country, Cleveland Athletic, Hermit, Roadside and City clubs. Mr. Clarke is a republican, and his religious connection is with the Episcopal Church. On June 24, 1907, Mr. Clarke was married to Miss Kathern Pearson, of Pittsburgh, daughter of Gen. Alfred L. and Elizabeth (Harwood) Pearson, and to this union there have been born two children: Kathern Pearson and Marguerite Norris, both of whom are attending the Hathaway Brown School. HENRY NEEDHAM STANDART is one of the most prominent professional accountants in Cleveland, and brings to his work in public accounting a wide and diversified experience that has connected him with some of the larger corporations and has brought him an expert knowledge of practically every branch of this comparatively new and indispensable profession. While Mr. Standart was born at New Albany, Indiana, May 25, 1868, the family is known to Cleveland by many older associations. Grandfather Needham Maynard Stan-dart became a resident of Cleveland in 1850. Soon afterwards he built the old homestead on Detroit Avenue between Waverly and Gordon avenues, which is today one of the city's interesting landmarks in the residence district. Henry N. Standart is a son of George Henry and Myra B. (Allen) Standart. Mr. Standart was educated in the public schools and later in his career took up the study of law under a prominent attorney and was admitted to the Ohio bar March 11, 1897. The law he has used chiefly in connection with his own profession. His business career began at the early age of fourteen, when he entered the service of the Standard Oil Company. He was with that great organization in various branches of its office service for about twenty years. For six years of that time he was senior accountant and for nine years was chief accountant in the offices at Columbus. On leaving the Standard Oil Company Mr. Standart was for two years secretary and treasurer of the H. H. Hesler Company, but since 1907 has found his time and talents fully engaged in a private practice as a public accountant. Mr. Standart maintains offices in the Illuminating Building. CLEVELAND AND ITS ENVIRONS - 77 Mr. Standart is a member of the Cleveland Chamber of Commerce, Cleveland Credit Men's Association, and is affiliated with Tyrian Lodge, Free and Accepted Masons. He is an outdoor man so far as his profession permits and his favorite recreations are boating and long distance walking. On June 12, 1895, at Columbus he married Miss Bertha Bassett Brown. ROBERT B. PIERCE. It is often true that some of the most successful business men never actually knew when their big chance in life opened to them. They have taken and made opportunities for themselves, have worked steadily ahead, and it is only after success has been assured that they have realized the turning point of their lives some years Lack on the course. To state this fact in the words of Robert B. Pierce, now district manager of the Kelly-Springfield Tire Company at Cleveland, Mr. Pierce says he entered the rubber industry in the fall of 1911 "on a rain check," knowing nothing about the business in particular and accepting an opportunity merely because it seemed a good field for his thriving energies. His first work was at Cleveland as adjuster for the Cleveland branch of the B. F. Goodrich Company of Akron. He remained there one year, and on September 15, 1912, joined the Kelly-Springfield Tire Company as adjuster for its Cleveland branch. He was with that work four years, and on January 1, 1916, was promoted to chief adjuster at the Akron factory and on January 1, 1917, returned to Cleveland as district branch manager. His district includes territory as far west as Toledo, as far east as Buffalo and south to Indianapolis. Indiana. Mr. Pierce was horn at Fort Wayne, Indiana, June 26, 1878, son of the late Ogden Pierce, a well known citizen of Fort Wayne, who died in 1905, and Martha Ann (Jones) Pierce, still living at Fort Wayne. Mr. Pierce was educated in the Fort Wayne public schools, graduating from high school, and lived in the city until 1905. Mr. Pierce is a member of the Cleveland Chamber of Commerce, and the Cleveland Automobile Club. He resides at 10515 Wilbur Avenue. April 18, 1914, he married Miss Madge Bush, of Detroit. JAMES R. HINCHLIFFE. Much of Mr. Hinchliffe's extensive business experience was acquired outside of Cleveland, and he came to this city in 1904 for the purpose of installing a discount stamp system in the Bailey Company department store. This discount stamp system enables the masses to participate in the same form of discount for cash that the jobber and manufacturer gives the retailer for cash payments, and it has become universally popular with all classes, because it has meant an actual saving of 3 per cent to all who save these little Red Discount stamps. With a highly specialized knowledge of retail business Mr. Hinchliffe some time ago conceived the plan of starting a chain of retail grocery stores at Cleveland on different lines from other similar stores already in operation. The essential and differentiating principal is to maintain the highest standard of quality found only in the best stores, but meeting the prices of other chain stores. On this plan Mr. Hinchliffe in August, 1917, organized the General Crocery Company, of which he is general manager. The company is an Ohio corporation and at the present time has in operation eighteen grocery stores and meat markets in Cleveland. As a means of supplying goods to these stores promptly the company also maintains a large warehouse on West Ninth Street and Lakeside Avenue. So far the business has rapidly developed to successful proportions, in spite of the obviously heavy disadvantages of war time conditions. Over 100 people are employed in the different stores and warehouses, and the business promises to grow to immense proportions. James R. Hinchliffe was born in Darlington. Beaver County, Pennsylvania, April 22, 1865, a son of George and Sarah (Morrison) Hinchliffe. Most of his youth was spent at Lisbon, Ohio, where he attended district and high schools to the age of sixteen. For three years he was an apprentice printer in the office of The Buckeye State, and having mastered the trade he came to Cleveland and was a compositor on the Herald for two years, and for three years was in the composing rooms of the Plain Dealer. From Cleveland he went to Washington to become a compositor in the Government printing office. In 1891 Mr. Hinchliffe resigned to connect himself with the advertising department of the Pittsburgh Times. He was in the advertising newspaper work at Pittsburgh until May 1, 1904, when he came to Cleveland as above noted. Beside other business interests he is also president of the Hinchliffe Printing Company. 78 - CLEVELAND AND ITS ENVIRONS Mr. Hinchliffe is affiliated with Halcyon Lodge, Ancient Free & Accepted Masons, Webb Chapter, Royal Arch Masons, Oriental Commandery, Knights Templar, Lake Erie Consistory of the Scottish Rite, and is a republican, a member of the Frank B. Willis Club, and Tippecanoe Club. In January, 1918, he was elected a member of Cleveland City Council, representing the Twenty-fifth Ward. At Cleveland August 30, 1891, he married Miss Stella Griffin. They have two children living, Helen, wife of Clarence J. Perrier, of Cleveland, and James R., Jr., III, a student in the public schools. A son, James R., Jr., II, died iu Pittsburgh at the age of three years. He was a child of wonderful personality and intellect. WILLIS ULYSSES PATON, who was born in Cleveland May 19, 1883, after completing his education in the public schools and the old private academy known as the Hendershott Academy, went into a machine shop and had two years of practical experience in a line of business which for the greater part he has subsequently followed, and which has been a record of promotion with increasing responsibilities to the present time. He is one of the younger business leaders, and is especially well known in automobile circles. Mr. Paton was for five years connected with the W. M. Patterson Supply Company and for nearly five years following that was purchasing agent for the National Safe and Lock Company. Since then he has been identified as a stockholder in the Fen-Far Company, dealers widely known at Cleveland and over the Central West, handling a large line of automobile supplies. Their business and plant are located on East 9th Street where Mr. Paton is employed. Mr. Paton is a son of the late Robert and Mary (Loveday) Paton, A separate article appears under his father's name on other pages. Mr. Paton is a republican, and in Masonry is affiliated with Cleveland City Lodge No. 15, Free and Accepted Masons, Cleveland Chapter No. 148; Royal Arch Masons, Oriental Commandery No. 12, Knights Templars, and Al Koran Temple of the Mystic Shrine. March 16, 1910, at Cleveland, he married Miss Maude Ellen Porter, daughter of Alfred Hart and Emily (Noakes) Porter. She was reared and educated in Cleveland. Both her parents are now deceased. Mr. and Mrs. Paton have one daughter, Geraldine Ruth, born at Cleveland. JAMES R. GLOYD. For over seventy years the name Gloyd has been closely identified with Cleveland's business life in the contracting and construction business. James R. Gloyd is a grandson of the originator of the business in this city, and is himself head of one of the leading firms of contractors in Northern Ohio. His grandfather was the late James M. Gloyd, who was born in the Shenandoah Valley of Virginia in 1820. James M. Gloyd married Elizabeth Milligan. As a young man he lived in Newark, Ohio, and in 1842 removed from that city to Cleveland and entered the contracting business. He brought with him the first pile driver used in Cleveland. His enterprise was exemplified in the construction of many of the substantial business and industrial structures of early Cleveland. The death of this pioneer contractor occurred in 1895. His widow survived him until 1904. The next generation was represented by George M. Gloyd, father of James R. He was born in Cleveland, August 22, 1847, was educated in the public schools and the Humiston Institute, and then took up the contracting business in association with his father. He continued it and acquired many notable interests in the city, from the active management of which he retired in 1905. George M. Gloyd died July 14, 1914. He was also a figure in politics and for many years was chairman of the Republican County Central Committee. In 1879 he was president of the Board of Fire Commissioners under R. R. Herrick. George M. Gloyd was married at Hydetown, Pennsylvania, July 28, 1875, to Miss Frances Ridgway. There were two children of their marriage : Jessie F., who is still living with her mother in Cleveland; and James R. James R. Gloyd was born in Cleveland April 15, 1877. He had an excellent training both at home and in local schools, and was graduated from the Central High School in 1897. For the next two years he was superintendent with the Northern Ohio Paving and Construction Company, of which his father was then president. Resigning that office, he was made superintendent of construction for the American Steel and Wire Company in the Cleveland and Pittsburg districts, and the duties of that position required much CLEVELAND AND ITS ENVIRONS - 79 travel over the territory. He was superintendent with the company for seven years and then returned permanently to Cleveland and for six years was superintendent of construction with Crowell & Sherman, a well known firm of contractors. Leaving this firm, Mr. Gloyd then organized the James R. Gloyd Company, general contractors, of which he has been president and treasurer from the beginning. Mr. Gloyd is active in Masonry, being affiliated with Newburg Lodge, Free and Accepted Masons, and McKinley Chapter, Royal Arch Masons. He is a member of Cleveland Athletic Club, Shaker Heights Shooting Club, and the Rushmere Country Club of Detroit. Mr. Gloyd was married at Cleveland December 5, 1906, to Anna C. Herrick. They have one child, Anna Frances. URBANE W. HIRD, who in the course of an active career has acquired many substantial business interests at Cleveland, represents one of the very old families of Cuyahoga County. His grandfather, Thomas Hird, settled at Lakewood, now a Cleveland suburb, in 1820. Re was engaged in farming on land that is now chiefly used for city purposes and lived there until his death in 1881. The old Hird homestead stood at the corner of Hird Street and Detroit Avenue in Lakewood. In that home was born Francis B. Hird on November 6. 1837, and nearly thirty years later Urbane W. Hird saw the light of day in the same place on September 2, 1866. Francis B. Hird was educated in the public schools of Cuyahoga County and practically all his life was an invalid. He died in 1915. On April 25, 1860, at Lakewood, he married Maria L. Gleason. They had four children, Thomas R.; Elbert, who died in 1890: Hope Lord, now Mrs. Victor Browning, of Cleveland ; and Urbane W. Urbane W. Hird after graduating from high school in 1885 entered the employ of the Kelleys Island Line and Transportation Company on that Lake Erie island off Sandusky. Re became manager of the company's store, and later assistant superintendent of the atone quarries. In 1893 Mr. Hird returned to Cleveland as city salesman for the Lime Company and in 1898 entered the service of the Cleveland Plain Dealer as bookkeeper and credit manager. At that time he was able to handle all the business of this department by himself, but with the growth and development of this great Vol III- 4 newspaper enterprise his responsibilities have likewise increased until he now has a department employing fifty-five people under his supervision. Besides these responsibilities Mr. Hird is director and member of the Finance Committee of the Detroit Avenue Savings and Banking Company, is vice president and director of the Realty Underwriters Company, and vice president and director of the Public Mortgage and Investment Company. He is a member of the Cleveland Chamber of Industry and in Masonry is affiliated with Lakewood Lodge, Free and Accepted Masons, the Royal Arch Chapter and the Scottish Rite bodies. In politics he maintains an independent attitude. In matters of religion Mr. Hird is a Christian Scientist. On May 22, 1889, at Lakewood, he married Miss Harriet Maile, daughter of William Maile. They have two sons. Sheldon M., the older, aged twenty-eight, is a graduate of the Case School of Applied Science and is now connected with the engineering department of the A. McKee Construction Company of Cleveland. James P. completed his education in Swarthmore College and is now first lieutenant of the Three Hundred Thirty-first Infantry in active service in France. SAMUEL W. FOLSOM for a long period of years has been a trusted official and worker in some of Cleveland's largest business concerns, and is one of the men most depended upon, though always in the manner of quiet efficiency, to keep the wheels of industry and finance turning steadily and without a break. Mr. Folsom represents a pioneer family of Cleveland. His birth occurred at the corner of Vermont and Hanover streets in this city, December 16, 1844. His father, Gillman Folsom, Jr., who was born at Dorchester, New Hampshire, in 1798, and died March 10, 1870, was a pioneer in two of the largest cities in the Middle West. He grew nu and was educated in his native town, and when a young man he rode horseback to Buffalo, New York. That was then hardly more than a village. He purchased about 300 acres of land in what is now the heart of the city. In 1836 Gillman Folsom removed to Ohio City, now part of Cleveland,'and here engaged with a Mr. Tyler in the general merchandise business. Their store was at the corner of Detroit Avenue and Pearl Street. This partnership was subsequently dissolved, and Gillman Folsom continued a general store on Detroit.Avenue for a number of years. Later he removed to Euclid, 80 - CLEVELAND AND ITS ENVIRONS Ohio, resumed farming, but in the '60s returned to Cleveland and was superintendent of the West Side Market until his death in March, 1870. At one time he was a member of the council of Ohio City and was one of the group of thirteen men who purchased Whiskey Island and subdivided it. In 1836 Gillman Folsom built what was then the finest brick house in the City of Cleveland. This building is still standing as a landmark of the old days and known for many years as his standard property. Gillman Folsom, Jr., married first a Miss Marvin, and they had two children, Nathan M., who died January 1, 1894, in Jacksonville, Florida, and Charles, who died in Milwaukee Wisconsin March 3, 1887. Mr. Folsom married secondly Hadassa Ballard. They were married in Mayville at the head of Lake Chautauqua, New York. Her father, Gilbert Ballard, was an early day operator of stage coaches between Mayville and Jamestown, New York. Mr. and Mrs. Gillman Folsom had three children : G. B., who died January 15, 1903; Mrs. Hadassa B. Van Tine, who lived in Cleveland and died November 5, 1895 and Samuel W. Samuel W. Folsom grew up at Cleveland and until the age of seventeen attended the grammar schools and the West High School. On leaving school he became an accountant with the old Cleveland and Mahoning Railway Company, now part of the Erie Railway system, while at a later time he served as paymaster of that road, and later was secretary to the president of that road at Meadville, Pennsylvania. For some years he was accountant and bookkeeper with the firm of Sheldon & Sons, lumber dealers at Cleveland, Ohio, but in 1876 became accountant and cashier of Rhodes & Company, coal and iron ore operators. In April, 1885, the name of this concern was changed to M. A. Hanna & Company. With this great Cleveland business Mr. Folsom has continued for the past forty-one years (1918), and for a large part of that time has been at the head of the accounting department. He is also a director and member of the executive committee of the Forest City Savings and Trust Company a director in the West Cleveland Banking Company ; and an official and director in many other large companies. He is a member of the Chamber of Industry, the Chamber of Commerce, the Clifton Club, is a republican voter and belongs to the Congregational Church. Mr. Folsom enlisted in the 100-days service in the One Hundred and Fiftieth Regiment, Company B, Ohio National Guard, Colonel Hayard and Capt. William Nevins. Mark A. Hanna was a private in this guard company. At Cleveland, October 12, 1875, Mr. Folsom married Mary E. Hanna, a cousin of the late Senator Mark Hanna. Mrs. Folsom died July 21, 1916. Her only son, Arthur Hanna, was graduated from the West High School of Cleveland, attended Western Reserve University, and is now an art dealer on Fifth Avenue, New York City. EMIL P. HAHN is sole proprietor of the Hahn Manufacturing Company, one of Cleveland's industries which under the stress and demand of war preparation has been converted to the manufacture of commodities for the use of the Government. The Hahn Manufacturing Company has offices and plant at East Fifty-third Street and Hamilton Avenue. It was established about two years ago by Mr. Hahn, who is an expert tool maker and machinist, having learned his trade by a long and thorough apprenticeship and experience in Germany. Until recently the company manufactured automobile and motor cycle parts arid also made tools and various fixtures for experimental work. The entire resources of the plant are now devoted to the manufacture 'of tools for the Hydraulic Pressed Steel Company and other companies that manufacture shell and shrapnel for the Government. When Mr. Hahn and a partner organized the company two years ago they had only one man in their employ, but at the present time the payroll has forty men, and Mr. Hahn has been sole proprietor since April, 1917. Emil P. Hahn was horn in Saxony, Germany, June 4, 1880, a son of Emil Hahn. He was educated in the public schools of his native land until the age of fourteen and then attended a trade school until eighteen. The following two years he spent as a machinist's apprentice and was called from the ranks of industry to serve the regular term in the army for two years. After his military experience Mr. Hahn was located for a time at Duesseldorf and later at Hesse Darmstadt, where he worked as a tool machinist, and for six years was employed in the great Krupp gun works. Leaving Germany, he came to America and located at Cleveland, where he worked as a machinist with the Leggett Spring & Axle Company CLEVELAND AND ITS ENVIRONS - 81 nine months and then for 1 1/2 years was a tool maker with the American Multjgraph Company. For three years before engaging in the present business he was foreman of the machine shops of the Indian Motorcycle Agency. Mr. Hahn is unmarried and has so far been too busy to join any societies or social clubs. THOMAS A. KNIGHT. The presence of this forceful business energizer in Cleveland has meant much to the city in a commercial way for a number of years. "Tom Knight, the factory man" is a phrase that has come to he regarded as a slogan and expresses the great range of activities and transactions in the real estate field successfully conducted by Mr. Knight in past years. Mr. Knight was born in Toronto, Canada, February 24, 1876, but has spent most of his life in Cleveland. His father, Stephen W. Knight, was born in England and for many years was engaged in fraternal organization work in Cleveland and elsewhere. He died in 1912. His wife was Clara Oram, a nativi. of Manchester, England, who also died in 1912. Thomas A. Knight acquired an education in public and private schools and as a young man went to work on the reportorial staff of the Cleveland Leader. Mr. Knight did work as a traveling correspondent in some of the presidential campaigns of twenty years or so ago. He traveled on a speaking tour with President McKinley, also with William Jennings Bryan and with Senators Marcus A. Hanna and J. B. Foraker. He is now an independent republican, • but was very active during the McKinley campaign both as a writer and in an advisory capacity. Mr. Knight has some creditable work as an editor and author that is part of his earlier career of achievement. He was editor of the Inter-State Architect and Builder, editor of the Ohio Architect and Builder, and among the various books he put out were those entitled "Country Estates of Cleveland Men," "Country Estates of the Blue Grass" and "The Kentucky Horse." At different times he contributed numerous articles to magazines. For the last ten years Mr. Knight has been engaged in the real estate business, making a specialty of factory sites under the name "Torn Knight, the Factory Man." Mr. Knight has been very successful in real estate development and is a recognized expert in his particular line. Through his personal influ ence a large number of factories have been established at Cleveland and many of them have been brought from all quarters of the country. He has been and is a member of the Chamber of Commerce. He was formerly president of the Board of Health of Lakewood for several years. In 1896 he married Leora Agnes Squire, a native of Cleveland and a daughter of Frank E. Squire. They have two children : Edith. wife of Harrie J. Dean, of Cleveland, and Dorothy M. JOHN T. GILL, is one of the active executive officers of the John Gill & Sons Company, building contractors, whose work has familiar instances not only in the Cleveland district but in many of the principal cities and states of the Union. It is one of the oldest organizations of building contractors in Cleveland, and the record of the organization is an unusual one, both because of the work carried on over a long period of years and the extent and importance of the contracts handled. The founder of the business was the late John Gill, who was born at Port Erin, Isle of Man, in March, 1830. He was educated in public schools and in a college on his native island, and learned mason contracting with his father. Thus the trade of masonry has been in the family for at least three successive generations. In 1854 John Gill came to America and located in Cleveland, and was one of the early mason contractors of the city. He did an immense volume of work, and perhaps the first large structure undertaken by him was the Northern Ohio Asylum. In 1881 he took in his son, John T., as a partner, making the firm John Gill & Son, and in 1887 made his other son, K. F. Gill, a factor in the business, after which the name was changed to John Gill & Sons. John Gill continued active in the business until his death, on August 6, 1912. It will serve to indicate the importance of this firm to note some of the larger buildings constructed by them. In Cleveland are the Leader-News Building, the interior of the postoffice, both of the Guardian buildings, the Armory, the Williamson Building, the Northern Ohio Asylum, the Cleveland Trust Company Building. The firm were also contractors on the postoffice building in Washington, D. C., the Baltimore courthouse, the Jersey City courthouse, the Missouri state capitol at Jefferson City, and ten buildings for the Bell Telephone system, and the Tower 82 - CLEVELAND AND ITS ENVIRONS office building and the Buffalo General Electric Company's building at Buffalo, New York. The late John Gill was a director of the Infirmary of Cleveland at one time. He was a republican in politics and a member of the Episcopal Church. After coming to Cleveland he married Margaret Kermode. Of their eight children, four are still living: Mrs. R. C. Taubman, of Cleveland, John T., Miss Nannie, of Cleveland, and K. F. Gill. John T. Gill was born at Cleveland, March 19, 1857. He was educated in the public schools and in the Spencerian Business College, and at the age of sixteen began working with his father as a stone mason's apprentice. He served his regular apprenticeship, and his first experience at the trade was while his father was handling the contract for the Northern Ohio Asylum. In 1881 he became a partner of his father, and after his father's death the business was incorporated. Since then K. F. Gill has been president and John T. Gill has been vice president of the company. He is also a director of the Cleveland Savings & Loan Company, president of the Cleveland Co-operators Store Company, and president of the Cleveland Aurora Mineral Land Company of Missouri. Mr. Gill is affiliated with Concordia Lodge, Free and Accepted Masons, and Maryland Chapter. Royal Arch Masons, at Baltimore, Maryland, where be lived for several years. His local Masonic affiliations are with Oriental Commandery, Knights Templar; Lake Erie Consistory of the Scottish Rite, and Al Koran Temple of the Mystic. Shrine. Mr. Gill is a member of the Union Club, the Cleveland Athletic Club, and is a republican in politics. At Cleveland, October 31, 1885, he married Miss Sarah Rooney. They have three children: Mrs. H. H. Brown, of Cleveland, a graduate of the Laurel School; Sadie, who also took some of her schooling in the Laurel institution; and Helen, a graduate of the Laurel School and now a post-graduate of Ogontz School for Girls at Philadelphia. HARVEY O. YODER is one of the busy and capable attorneys of Cleveland and has been in active practice here since graduating from Western Reserve University in 1906. His interests and activities, however, cover more than the restricted field of his profession. He is a man of considerable military experience, having served in the Cuban war and for some years with the Ohio National Guard. He is secretary and treasurer of the Yoder Realty Company. He is also secretary and treasurer of the Yoder Company, designers and builders of special machinery. Carl M. Yoder is president, M. H. Yoder, vice president, and Harvey O. Yoder, secretary and treasurer of this company. They manufacture a varied line, including automobile sheet metal parts, complete modern equipment for building, cold rolling machines for forming all shapes of light gauges, and at present they make machine tools and are doing considerable Government work for tractors and other machines. Mr. Yoder is also secretary and treasurer of the Yoder-Thomas Manufacturing Company, makers of gas appliances, including the Yoder Thermostat. Of this business the other officers are M. W. Thomas, president, and C. M. Yoder, vice president. Both these companies have their general offices in the Engineers Building, where Mr. Yoder has his offices as a lawyer on the tenth floor. Mr. Yoder is vice president of the American Implement Company of Cleveland, and is identified with several other enterprises. He was born at Wadsworth, Medina County, Ohio, November 7, 1877, son of Noah N. and Susan M. (Overholt) Yoder. His father was born in Columbiana County and his mother in Medina County, and the former died April 7, 1915, at Wadsworth, where the widowed mother is still living. Noah Yoder was a merchant and farmer, and for six years served as a county commissioner of Medina County. He was quite active in politics, and he and his wife were very loyal church members. He was affiliated with the Knights of Pythias Lodge. The Yoder family, according to a genealogy which has been published, originated in Switzerland, one of the most prominent family seats being in the border country along the limits of Switzerland, France and Germany, about thirty miles from Stratford on the Rhine. Mr. and Mrs. Noah Yoder had four sons and one daughter, all of whom are living. The oldest is Dr. Ivan I. Yoder, of .Cleveland, now serving with the rank of captain in the United States Army at Fort Zechariah Taylor in Kentucky. Harvey O. is the second in age. Enos O. lives in Guilford Township of Medina County, and Elizabeth M. is the wife of Gilbert Holzer, a professor in the public schools of Minneapolis, Minnesota. Harry H., also an attorney, has charge of the welfare work with the B. H. Goodrich Company at Akron. All the children were born near Wadsworth in Medina CLEVELAND AND ITS ENVIRONS - 83 County, and Doctor Yoder, Harvey and Mrs. Holzer graduated from the Medina High School, and the others from the Wadsworth High School. Doctor Yoder, Harvey, Mrs. Holzer and Harry are all graduates of the Ohio Wesleyan University. In preparation for his chosen profession Harvey O. Yoder had a thoroughly liberal education. He graduated from the Medina High School in 1899, took his Bachelor of Science Degree from Ohio Wesleyan in 1903, graduated in law from the Western Reserve University in 1906 and in the same year received the Master of Arta Degree from Ohio Wesleyan. He was admitted to the bar in June, 1906, and has given his attention to a general practice and has never had a partner. His first offices were in the Schofield Building, where he had as office associates Ex-Congressman Howland and Judge Neiman. In his offices in the Engineers Building he has as associate Oscar J. Horn and Ralph R. Snow. Before he reached his majority Mr. Yoder enlisted in the Eighth Ohio Infantry for service in the Spanish-American war in Cuba. He was sergeant of his company and after his return from the war was for six years a member of the Ohio National Guard. While in Ohio Wesleyan he had four years of military training. His political history has been brief. He was candidate for state senator in 1912 when the progressive ticket was headed by Roosevelt and is now a republican, but too busy to seek official honors. Mr. Yoder is affiliated with Forest City Lodge No. 388, F. and A. M., Al Sirat Grotto, is a member of the Knights of Malta, United Spanish War Veterans, Veterans of Foreign Wars, Cleveland Bar Association, Ohio State Bar Association, Cleveland Chamber of Commerce, and the Epworth Memorial Methodist Episcopal Church of Cleveland. April 11, 1911, he married Miss Mayme B. Robinson, of Cleveland, daughter of F. W. Robinson, who is secretary of the Equity Savings & Loan Company. Mrs. Yoder was born at Wallaceburg, Ontario, Canada, but was educated in Cleveland, a graduate of the East High School in 1906 and from the Woman's College of Western Reserve University in 1910, receiving the degree Bachelor of Arts. Mr. and Mrs. Yoder have one daughter, Catherine, born in Cleveland. Mrs. Yoder is a member of the College Club and the Sigma Omega sorority. HENRY C. ELLISON, a resident of Cleveland since 1882, was a Union officer in the Civil war, and for upwards of half a century has been identified with banking and other business affairs. He is still president of one of the large financial institutions of Cleveland, though he has given up the strenuous participation of business life which formerly characterized him. He was born at Marlboro, Stark County, Ohio, April 24, 1842, son of John and Mary (Vaughan) Ellison. His grandfather was a Virginian, but not being in sympathy with the institution of slavery he freed his negroes and about 1810 came to Ohio. John Ellison had a long and active business career. He was a carpenter by trade, and later was an extensive dealer in livestock. He also served as postmaster and justice of the peace. Both he and his wife were orthodox Quakers. At the age of sixteen Henry C. Ellison left his books and studies in the common schools to earn his own living. When he was nineteen years of age the war broke out, and on August 11, 1862, he enlisted at Alliance in Company F of the One Hundred and Fifteenth Ohio Infantry. On the organization of the company he was made second lieutenant and when its captain became colonel of the regiment was advanced to the rank of first lieutenant. He was mustered in with that rank September 18, 1862, and after five months with Company F was made regimental adjutant and served in that capacity until mustered out at Murfreesboro, Tennessee, June 23, 1865. He was in the battle of Murfreesboro with the troops under Generals Roseau and Milroy, was on the line of the Nashville and Chattanooga Railroad and took part in the last battle of Nashville. After his honorable discharge at Cleveland July 3, 1865. Mr. Ellison returned to Alliance and was clerk in the dry goods store of Ely and Shaffer until the fall of 1866. In the meantime he had been elected auditor of Stark County and was reelected in 1868. Before the close of his second term he resigned in 1871 to become cashier of the City Bank of Canton. A year later, returning to Alliance, he organized the First National Bank, was its cashier until 1879, and then was cashier of the City National Bank of Canton until 1882. On coming to Cleveland Mr. Ellison became cashier of the Ohio National Bank. On the expiration of the bank's charter in 1889 he took an active part in the organization of the State National Bank, and filled the post of 84 - CLEVELAND AND ITS ENVIRONS cashier in the new institution until 1894, and then for ten years was active vice president. In 1904 this bank was consolidated with Euclid Park National Bank. Mr. Ellison is still a director of the First National Bank of Cleveland, but for a number of years has lived in the enjoyment of a well earned and richly merited ease. In July, 1891, with others, Mr. Ellison organized the Ohio Building and Loan Company. He was at first a director in this concern, but on February 28, 1898, became vice president and on April 2, 1898, the name was changed to the Ohio Mutual Savings & Loan Company. On May 12, 1909, he was elected president, an office which he still holds. He is a republican, and from 1901 to 1904 served with the rank of colonel and aide de camp on the military staff of Governor George K. Nash. He is a member of the Second Presbyterian Church, has been a Mason since 1864, attaining the thirty-second degree of Scottish Rite, and since 1887 has been affiliated with the Independent Order of Odd Fellows. Mr. Ellison is a member of the Army and Navy Post of the Grand Army of the Republic, the Ohio Commandery of the Loyal Legion, the Roadside Club of Cleveland, and is a life member of the Cleveland Chamber of Commerce and the Cleveland Yacht Club. October 18, 1866, at Cleveland, Mr. Ellison married Miss Isidore Leek, daughter of Talmadge W. and Mary Ann (Southworth) Leek. Mrs. Ellison died November 15, 1902, the mother of three children : Corinne, wife of Bertram L. Britton ; Mary, wife of James W, Warwiek ; and Ida Leek, wife of Edward T. Williams. who is in the United States Maritime Customs Service at Shanghai, China, On May 24. 1911, Mr. Ellison married at Delaware, Ohio, Ida Norton Evans. CHARLES C. O'BRIEN is president of the O'Brien Hoisting & Contracting Company, a notable Cleveland concern both for the work that it does and also for the fact that the present business is the logical development of an enterprise put in motion more than seventy years ago by the grandfather of the present head of the company. Many phases of the service offered by the company have more than a general interest. They make a specialty of doing "work the other fellow can't do," and their slogan is "no matter how high you fly or how low you sink, we can get you." They have a complete organization and all the equipment for moving heavy machinery for factories, and also do heavy teaming and hoisting, having done a great deal of erecting of the immense steel smokestacks and moving of boiler and power equipment. Not long ago they were called upon to lift an entire floor which had collapsed in the Cleveland Provision Company plant. It was a job in which promptness was a vital consideration, and the quickness which which they handled the contract saved thousands of pounds of meat from spoiling.. Another instance was the raising of a sixty-five ton steel shaft, forty-five feet long, from the ground to an upright position, after which it was lowered into a hole three-sixteenths of an inch larger than the shaft. The company did all the work in connection with the recent removal of the Union National Bank and the State Banking & Trust Company. A special feature that almost daily brings out some part of the company organization is the recovery or raising of automobiles that have plunged over embankments, or otherwise are in trouble. Apart from the practical work done there is much interest in this company because it is one of the few lines of business that have kept pace with the growth of the city for a long period of time and has always remained in the management of a single family, passing down from father to son. The business was founded by Christopher O'Brien, who was born in Ireland and came to Cleveland in 1842. A few years later he began a general teaming business, specializing in the unloading of boats. In that work he continued until his death in 1867. In early years he was able to take care of the business alone, but from a one man concern later developments have brought about an organization which now has a working personnel of seventy-eight individuals. Christopher O'Brien married in Ireland, and he and his wife, Mary Clancy, had five children : Sarah, Mary, Catherine, Alida and John E. As the only son it devolved upon John E. O'Brien to carry forward the business established by his father. He was born at Cleveland June 2, 1853, and at the age of fourteen left St. Patrick's Parochial School and went to work for his father. With the death of the founder of the business he took active charge, and not only made a success of teaming contracting but practically supported his four sisters and at the same time looked after a large family of his own. He broadened the general field of activities in a business way, CLEVELAND AND ITS ENVIRONS - 85 and was at the helm directing affairs of the organization until his death, July 22, 1909. He was a democratic voter, a Catholic, and a member of the Catholic Mutual Benefit Association and Catholic Knights of Ohio. On December 28, 1879, John E. O'Brien married at Cleveland Mary J. Somers, daughter of Patrick J. and Mary (Callaghan) Somers. Of the ten children of Mr. and Mrs. O'Brien three are still living: Charles C.; Frank J., private secretary and department manager of the General Electric Company, who married Agnes Ring; and Genevieve A., now the wife of Clarence T. Regan of Cleveland, who is a member of the firm of Masters & Mullen Construction Company. Mrs. Mary J. O'Brien resides at 1814 West Fifty-fourth Street, the house having been occupied by the family for nearly forty years. It is also the location of the business, where it has been since the late John E. O'Brien took charge. Charles C. O'Brien was born at Cleveland February 16. 1881. Representing the third generation of the family, he first took an active part in the business in 1895. In the meantime he attended St. Patrick's Parochial School up to the age of twelve, and took his college education in St. Ignatius College, where he graduated at the age of eighteen. For one year he attended the Canisius Military Academy at Buffalo, New York, and perfected his business training by two years in the Spencerian Business College at Cleveland. In the meantime he was helping his father develop the business and for three years was bookkeeper of the firm. From that he was appointed manager of the outside work, and at the death of his father in 1909 became manager of the business for the estate. Somewhat later he incorporated a separate organization known as the O'Brien Hoisting & Contracting Company, and in February, 1916, consolidated the old business of the estate with the new corporation under the latter name. Mr. O'Brien has been president and general manager of the company. On February 1, 1917, in celebration of the first anniversary of the amalgamation, Mr. O'Brien announced that all employes who had been with the company for at least a year would receive a 10 per cent bonus. A few months later another bonus of similar amount was made and this indicates the liberal policy of this company, and the cooperative feature which has infused loyalty and strength throughout the working organization. Mr. O'Brien is a member of the Cleveland Chamber of Commerce, the Chamber of Industry, the Builders Exchange, the Automobile Club, and in politics is a republican. He and his wife are members of the Catholic Church. At Cleveland July 30, 1907, he married Miss Anna Carroll. ASA SHIVERICK is one of Cleveland's leading merchants being president and general manager of the Higbee Company. Mr. Shiverick was especially fortunate in the choice of his early connections with the dry goods business. He did his apprenticeship work with some of the oldest and largest firms of the kind in America, and to that early training he undoubtedly owes much of his subsequent success. Mr. Shiverick was born in Omaha, Nebraska, January 8, 1877, son of Charles and Eleanore (Crary) Shiverick. He gained his preparatory education in St. Paul's School at Concord, New Hampshire, and on graduating there in 1895 went to New York City and began learning the details of the dry goods business with the great firm of H. B. Claflin & Company. From that house he went to James McCreary & Company, and at the end of ten years or so had a knowledge and experience that well fitted him for independent activities. In 1908 Mr. Shiverick went to Buffalo, New York, and became vice president and general manager of J. N. Adam and Company in their general department store. This is the largest store of Buffalo. From Buffalo Mr. Shiverick came to Cleveland in 1913. representing a large amount of new capital which was invested in the Higbee Company, general dry goods business. Since then he has been president and general manager of the company. and the extensive development and growth of the business have taken place under his direction and largely on account of his studious and exact attention to details and his thorough mastering of merchandising as an art as well as a business. Mr. Shiverik is also a director of the Syndicate Trading Company of New York City. He is a member of the Union Club of Cleveland, of the Saturn Club of Buffalo, of the Cleveland Add Club and the Chamber of Commerce. He is an Episcopalian. February 22, 1913, he married Miss Jeannette Bancroft, of Concord, New Hampshire. They have two children, Jane and Asa, Jr. 86 - CLEVELAND AND ITS ENVIRONS HENRY GREBE. To that considerable portion of Cleveland people who seek diversion from the routine functions of home and "dine" in the business- district, one of the best known and most appreciated institutions is Grebe's, East Fourth Street. The appreciation bestowed upon the service of the house is also paid to one of its genial proprietors, Henry Grebe, who has been largely responsible for making his noted hostelry one of the best institutions of its kind in the United States. Mr. Grebe is a native of Westphalia, Germany, where he was born January 1, 1876, a son of Johann and Catherine Grebe. After leaving public school at the age of fourteen he served an apprenticeship in a mercantile establishment two years. His next experience was at Frankfort, Germany, where he learned the delicatessen and wine business, and after three years came to this country and located in New York City. Mr. Grebe has been through every branch of the service over which he exercises such careful supervision today at his hostelry. In New York City ho worked as a waiter in different cafes. On coming to Cleveland in July, 1901, he was employed in a similar capacity at the old Rathskeller. In April, 1904, his fortunes had advanced to the point where he resigned to become head waiter of the Hoffhrau, and in December of that year became a half owner of the Grebe, together with Gottlieb Mueller. In 1906 Morris Davis bought out Mueller's interests and was partner with Mr. Grebe until 1913. Since then Mr. Grebe has been the proprietor. When Mr. Grebe first acquired an interest in the business his force of employes was only twenty-five. At the present time a hundred twenty-five persons are required to carry out the perfect service and equipment of the institution. From time to time increases of room and capacity have been made until now the familiar eating place is able to seat five hundred guests. It is said that up to the time of the outbreak of the world war the house sold two per cent of all the beer imported to the United States. The popularity of Grebe's has not grown at the expense of high standards of management. Mr. Grebe has always insisted upon an establishment of the highest respectability and caters chiefly to the family trade. Mr. Grebe is well known in local social circles, being a member of Concordia Lodge, Free and Accepted Masons, Hillman Chapter, Royal Arch Masons, the Social Turners, the Sweitzer Turners, the Harmonia Society, the Southern Athletic Club, the Cleveland Athletic Club, the Tuxedo Club and the Highland Gold Club. As to politics he exercises his franchise according to the dictates of his independent judgment. In June, 1903, at Cleveland, Mr. Grebe married Miss Minnie Oehlstrom. Mrs. Grebe died February 14, 1915. On May 9, 1918, Mr. Grebe married Miss Louise Caroline Rudolph, of Cleveland. WILLIAM L. FOSTER. One of the oldest established and longest in continuous service to the public, and one of the finest equipped dry goods stores of Cleveland is the Higbee Company. Many individuals have contributed to the success of this firm, and one of those most active for a long period of years has been William L. Foster, secretary of the company, who began his work there as a clerk and salesman. Mr. Foster was born at Hudson, Michigan, November 6, 1860, a son of Hezekiah and Mary (Carson) Foster. His parents were natives of New York State and his father was a building contractor. William L. Foster was educated in the public schools and subsequently by a course in the Spencerian Business College. At sixteen he joined his father at Whitewater, Wisconsin, and spent three years learning the building trades. The occupation was not entirely to his liking, and he found more congenial employment in the dry goods business at Hillsdale, Michigan, with W. B. Childs & Company. Three years later he came to Cleveland, and for eight months was a salesman with E. M. McGillen & Company and then entered the serviee of the firm of Hower and Higbee. This business was established at Cleveland in 1884, and a number of years ago the name Hower and Higbee was changed to the Higbee Company. At the time of that reorganization Mr. Foster became secretary of the company. He had begun his work there as a salesman, and on the basis of efficiency was promoted to buyer of dress goods and later to buyer of the women's ready to wear garments. He has always carried many of the responsibilities with the buying of goods and has assumed much of the active direction of the company's affairs. He is also one of the stockholders of the company. A few years ago the Higbee Company erected one of the largest steel and concrete dry goods stores in Ohio. and everyone in the Cleveland metropolitan district is familiar with the business, CLEVELAND AND ITS ENVIRONS - 87 the store, and the splendid service it renders its trade. The company has always held to a high standard in its personnel, in the line of goods carried and in its service. It has been the policy of the house to expect of its employes the best possible service and to reward this by promotion as opportunity has offered. Mr. Foster's position as a successful Cleveland business man ie due to his persevering efforts and his habit of making a close study of every detail of his obligations. He is a republican voter, with his wife is a member of the Euclid Avenue Congregational Church, and is affiliated with Woodward Lodge, Free and Accepted Masons, Cleveland Athletic Club, Willowick Country Club and many times has identified himself with some movement that has meant greater prosperity and benefit to his community. On August 20, 1883, he married Miss Elizabeth Fowle, daughter of Charles Fowle. of Hillsdale. Michigan. They have one child, Mrs. James Reed, of Cincinnati. Ohio. HENRY D. MARBLE is one of the veteran coal merchants and operators of Cleveland, having been in the business continuously for over thirty years. He is president of the well-known Hutson Coal Company and has become identified with several other local industries in manufacturing lines. Mr. Marble was born in the old Village of Newburg, now part of Cleveland, June 26, 1853. His father, Henry Marble, a native of Vermont. was a carpenter by trade, and was an early settler in Cleveland. This was a small and unpromising town, had no railroad facilities as yet, and land close to the Public Square could have been obtained at $3 an acre. His place of settlement was in Newburg, then a distinct village of Cuyahoga County, and as a carpenter he constructed most of the early homes in that vicinity. He was a man of considerable local prominence, served as a school official, and he lived a long and useful life. The mother of Henry D. Marble died when he was very young. In addition to the public schools, be attended, from the age of fifteen, Oberlin College for a year and a half. His ambition to secure a college education was thwarted by the ill health of his father, and he left Oberlin to engage in the grocery business with his brother-in-law. It was as a grocery merchant that Mr. Marble was identified with Cleveland business affairs until he was twenty-six years of age. Selling out his interest in the store, be next drifted into the coal business in 1884, and that has been his chief work ever since. Mr. Marble was one of the organizers of the Hutson Coal Company. The chief producing properties of this company are mines at Deerfield, in Portage County, and at Hopedale, in Harrison County, Ohio. At the Deerfield mine the best coal in the state is obtained from No. 1 vein and it is eagerly taken up by the domestic trade. The output there is from 300 to 400 tons per day. In the Hopedale mine the coal is known as the Pittsburgh No. 8 vein. Mr. Marble is president of the Hutson Coal Company, is president and treasurer of the Atlas Bolt and Screw Company, and is president of the Cleveland National Machine Company. He had an active part in establishing both these prominent Cleveland industries, having been one of the organizers of the Bolt and Screw Company in 1893 and assisting in the organization of the National Machine Company in 1916. Mr. Marble is a member of the Cleveland Chamber of Commerce, of the Tippecanoe Club, the Bolton Avenue Presbyterian Church, the Royal Arcanum, and in politics votes as a republican, without further political activity. In 1878 he married at Cleveland Lucy J. Burke, also a native of Newburg, where her father, A. M. Burke, was also born. After her death Mr. Marble married, in 1898, at Cleveland, Anna C. Caley. She was also born at Newburg. FRANK S. HARMON'S business position at Cleveland has long been well assured and secure. His business success is the product of forty years of consecutive hard work and sound ability. Outside of business he is perhaps best known as a Mason. The highest degrees and many of the most important honors and responsibilities of Free Masonry have been conferred upon him. He was born at Aurora, Ohio, November 15, 1857, son of Edward C. and Eliza (Daugherty) Harmon. He learned the lessons taught in the public schools and as a means of better equipping himself for business he later took a course in the Spencerian Business College of Cleveland in 1875. For two years he worked as a clerk with Frank Hurd at Aurora in the cheese business, and then at Burton, Ohio, entered business for himself as a member of the general mercantile firm of Nash & Harmon. They conducted a creditable country store there for ten years. Selling out, Mr. Harmon formed what has proved a permanent connection with the Weideman Company, 88 - CLEVELAND AND ITS ENVIRONS wholesale grocers of Cleveland. He traveled on the road for them as salesman for several years, but since 1901 has been manager of their tea, coffee and spice department. Mr. Harmon is also vice president and a director of the Doan Savings & Loan Company, is a member of the advisory board of the Guardian Savings & Trust Company, a director and on the executive board of the Industrial Finance Company. It would be difficult to do full justice to his Masonic career in a brief sketch. He is affiliated with Emanuel Lodge No. 601, Free and Accepted Masons, Mount Olive Chapter No. 189, Royal Arch Masons, Cleveland Council No. 36, Royal and Select Masters, first eminent commander of Coeur De Leon Commandery No. 64, Knights Templar and member of Al Koran Temple, Ancient Arabic Order Nobles of the Mystic Shrine, Eliadah Lodge of Perfection, Bahurim Council, Ariel Chapter of Rose Croix, and Lake Erie Consistory. Mr. Harmon has filled all the subordinate offices of the Grand Lodge of Ohio, terminating as grand master in 1901. He was crowned honorary member of the Supreme Council, thirty-third degree, in 1903, and was crowned an active member of the same in 1906. September 19, 1910, he was elected deputy for Ohio. He is chairman of the finance committee of the Supreme Council and a member of the Charitable Foundation Committee of the Supreme Council for Ohio. Mr. Harmon is a member of the Chamber of Commerce, the Country Club. City Club, is a democrat, and is affiliated with the Disciples Church. At Akron Ohio, October 15, 1884, he married Miss Lucy Noble. They have two children : Pauline, a graduate of Lake Eric College at Painesville, Ohio, and Dorothy, who graduated with honors in the class of 1918 at Vassar College and is a member of Phi Beta Kappa fraternity. CHARLES H. EICFIHORN was in earlier years an active school man at Cleveland, but for a quarter of a century or more has been prominent in real estate and financial circles and is one of the men whose business and civic qualifications are widely appreciated in this community. Mr. Eichhorn was born at Racine, Wisconsin, January 17, 1859, but has lived in Cleveland almost continuously since he was a boy of five or six years of age. His father, Jacob Eichhorn, was born at Wiesloch, Baden, Germany, January 6, 1836, and for many years was a resident of Cleveland. In 1847 at the age of eleven years, he came to Cleveland, and soon took up railroad work. In 1858 he moved to Racine, Wisconsin, was in railroad service in that state for several years, but in 1865 returned to Cleveland and became general foreman with the Big Four Railway Company. In 1897 he was transferred to Delaware, Ohio, and was retained in the same capacity there until 1910. In that year, then seventy-four years old, he retired and moved to Cleveland where he died January 3, 1913. At Cleveland in September 1856, he married Clara Elizabeth Behring. They became the parents of a large family of eleven children, and five are still living: George P., of Delaware, Ohio; Charles II.; Edward F., of Mount Carmel, Illinois; Peter C., of Portland, Oregon; and Mrs. John McNutt of Mattoon, Illinois. Charles H. Eichhorn grew up in Cleveland, attended the public schools, graduating from the West High School in 1879. He soon qualified for work as a teacher and spent three years in the public schools at Del Rey, Michigan. On returning to Cleveland he was employed two years in the Bolton Public School, following which he became secretary to L. W. Day, then superintendent of city schools. Mr. Eichhorn resigned his work with the schools in 1892 to become secretary of the Brooklyn Building and Loan Association Company. He has been an executive officer of that old and prosperous institution now for a quarter of a century. Since 1909 he has also been cashier of the Market branch of the State Banking and Trust Company. Outside of business Mr. Eichhorn is probably best known for his prominent Masonic connections in Ohio. In 1912 he was crowned a thirty-third degree Mason in the Scottish Rite by the Supreme Council of the Northern Jurisdiction of America. He is a past master of Halcyon Lodge No. 498, Free and Accepted Masons, past high priest of Thatcher Chapter No. 101, Royal Arch Masons; is past commander of Forest City Commandery, Knights Templar, and has filled all the chairs in the Grand Commandery of Ohio, including that of grand commander. He is now commander in chief of Lake Erie Consistory, is past thrice potent master of Elidad Lodge of Perfection, and past potentate of Al Koran Temple, Ancient Arabic Order Nobles of Mystic Shrine. He is also a charter member of Al Sirat Grotto of Master Masons and is secretary of the Cleveland Masonic Club. Politically he is a republican. CLEVELAND AND ITS ENVIRONS - 89 Mr. Eichhorn married June 27, 1893, at Cleveland, Lulu I. Challacomb. They have one son, Kenneth Charles, a junior in the Lakewood High School. ARTHUR B. FOSTER. While it is by no means unusual to find among a community's prominent and representative business men one who has, perhaps, built up an unusually successful enterprise, it is not so often the case to find one whose initiative, energy and progressive spirit have been the main factors in the up-building and prosperous continuance of many. Leadership in any line means acceptance of great responsibility, and to the wisdom, good judgment, discernment and sincerity of the president of a concern, with its ever accumulating problems, does it largely owe its expansion and permanency. One of the able business men of Cleveland, whose interests have been varied and important for many years, is Arthur B. Foster, who is officially identified at the present time with large corporate interests. Arthur B. Foster is a native of Ohio and was born in Portage County December 14, 1844. His parents were Charles R. and Rosanna E. (Bancroft) Foster, the former of whom conducted a merchant tailoring business at Garrettsville, Ohio. He is a grandson of Artemus Bancroft, a pioneer in the Western Reserve of Ohio, coming from Massachusetts to Ohio in 1809. He was a cousin of George Bancroft, famed as the author of United States history. After attending the public schools in Garrettsville, Arthur B. Foster enjoyed an academic training in Nelson Academy at Nelson Center, and was creditably graduated from that institution in 1861. The outbreak of the Civil war in that year swept him on a wave of patriotism into the army, and he enlisted in Company D, One Hundred and Fourth Ohio Volunteer Infantry, in which he was appointed a bugler. He served his country faithfully until the close of the war and was honorably discharged and mustered out in 1865. The young soldier returned then to his Ohio home and worked as a merchant tailor with his father until 1871. In that year he came to Cleveland and accepted a position as traveling salesman with the Domestic Sewing Machine Company, continuing in that capacity for two years and making such an excellent record that he was made manager of the Cleveland office, in which position he served for the following eight years, when further promotion made him general manager of all the territory west of Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, and with this augmenting of responsibility he also became a member of the directing board. In 1889 Mr. Foster severed his connection with the above concern and organized the National Screw and Tack Company, of which he was the first president, and it was firmly established on a sound basis when, in 1893, he sold his interest in order to become one of the organizers of the Crescent Sheet and Tin Plate Company, the first enterprise of its kind in the United States that proved successful. Mr. Foster served as vice president of this company during its building-up days. When he sold his interests at a later date he assisted in organizing the Nungesser Carbon and Battery Company, of which he was chosen president, and served as such until 1900, disposing of his interests in 1916. In the meanwhile, in 1907, he had organized the Cleveland Electric Supply Company, in which he served as president and manager until 1912, subsequently buying out the Cleveland Electric Manufacturing Company and at a later date merging the two concerns. The latter company manufactured the watchman's time detectors and did general electric construction work and supply business. At present Mr. Foster is president of the Cleveland Trunk Company, is a director in the State Banking and Trust Company, and is president of the Energine Refining Company, which, under guarantee, manufactures only absolutely pure gasoline. In September, 1865, Mr. Foster was married to Miss Belle B. Wright, of Cleveland. Although an ardent republican, Mr. Foster could not be called a politician, for the participation he takes in public affairs is only that of patriotic citizenship. Through his business, his social connections and Masonic relations, he is widely known and has been signally honored by numerous organizations. He is past president of the manufacturers' board of the Cleveland Chamber of Commerce, of which he is yet a valued member; was the first major of the Battalion of Ohio Engineers, the Cleveland Grays; has been president of the Florida East Coast Automobile Association for the past two years, and was commodore of the Halifax River Yacht Club, Daytona, Florida. In comparatively early manhood Mr. Foster joined the Masonic fraternity, in which he has steadily advanced, being a Shriner, Knight Templar and Thirty-third degree, his membership being with Iris Lodge, Free and Accepted Masons, Webb 90 - CLEVELAND AND ITS ENVIRONS Chapter, Oriental Commandery and Lake Erie Consistory. He has held various offices in the different Masonic bodies and at present is past grand commander of Ohio. Mr. Foster has been a resident of Cleveland for almost half a century and remarkable have been the changes he has been permitted to witness and often bear a part in bringing about, and, as ever, his efforts are yet directed along those channels which he hopefully believes will add still further to Cleveland's fame. DOAN AND DODGE FAMILY. Anyone studying the pioneer life of Cleveland and Cuyahoga County will find the names of two families closely connected by marriage, standing out with special prominence. No history of the early days of Cleveland would be complete without referring somewhat fully to the Doan family and the Dodge family. Nathaniel Doan was a member of the surveying party which came to Ohio in 1796 and of which party Moses Cleaveland was superintendent. He also came again in 1797 with a second surveying party, He was from Chathem, Middlesex County, Connecticut. In 1798 he brought his family, consisting of his wife, Sarah, and six or seven children. He was a valuable addition to the new community, partly because he was a blacksmith, but was also a man who commanded great respect as a citizen and neighbor. His brother Timothy Doan came a year or two later and brought a large family, traveling with an ox team and a pair of horses from Herkimer County, New York. One of Timothy's daughters, Nancy Doan, married Samuel Dodge, who came here in 1797 from Westmoreland, New Hampshire. The independent judicial existence of Cuyahoga County began in May, 1810. Upon the organization of the Common Pleas Cburt, Timothy Doan was one of the first three judges. Nathaniel Doan's blacksmith shop was on the south side of Superior Street, just east of Bank Street. But in January, 1799, in order to escape the ague which afflicted that district, he and many others forsook the "city" then merely a paper town, and moved to Doan's Corners, as the locality was known for a hundred years afterwards. Doan's Corners was a short distance from the Euclid Avenue entrance to Wade Park, on 105th Street. There Nathaniel Doan lived until his death in 1815. Timothy Doan died in 1828. April 5, 1802, the first town meeting was held at the residence of Judge Kingsbury, and Nathaniel Doan was made town clerk, while his brother Timothy was one of the township trustees. Nathaniel Doan later served as postmaster and justice of the peace. All the histories of Cleveland speak of Miss Doan attending the ball at Mr. Carter's log house in 1801. This was Miss Sarah Doan, oldest daughter of Nathaniel Doan. Nathaniel Doan, Lorenzo Carter, James Kingsbury and Samuel Dodge were Cleveland's earliest pioneers and the first real settlers, founding what is now the metropolis of Ohio. They came here to live and here they did live the rest of their lives and reared large families. The names of these good men should not be mentioned without their wives, who were respectively Sarah Doan, Rebecca Carter, Eunice Kingsbury and Nancy Dodge. Here in the woods in little log cabins, cheaply clad, these women gathered firewood, cooked, washed, watched over their children and cheered their husbands. When Nathaniel Doan came with his family to Cleveland in 1798 he was accompanied by his nephew Seth, son of Timothy. Timothy Doan's six children were named Nancy, Seth, Timothy, Jr., Mary, Deborah and John. Timothy left the mother and four children at Buffalo, and they came on by boat. The boat was capsized at the mouth of Grand River, but most of the goods were saved. The Doan family are intimately connected with the Dodge family for the reason that the pioneer Samuel Dodge married Nancy Doan, a daughter of Timothy Doan. The careers of several individuals of these interesting pioneer families are taken up on other pages. Before concluding these general notes on the families it should be mentioned that the property owned by George C. Dodge on Euclid Avenue on either side of what is now East Seventeenth Street was during the early days a large fruit orchard. The peaches raised were an important source of revenue and enabled the owner to pay off a mortgage on the land. SAMUEL DODGE. Among the several names that became distinguished for their association with the establishment of the original village of Cleveland that of Samuel Dodge has a place of special interest. He is given credit for having been the fourth permanent resident, following Lorenzo Carter, Judge James Kingsbury and Nathaniel Doan. CLEVELAND AND ITS ENVIRONS - 91 His arrival at Cleveland was in the year 1797. Samuel Dodge was born in Westmoreland, New Hampshire, and died at Cleveland in 1854. By trade he was a ship carpenter. As Cleveland at that time had no ship building industry he turned his attention to the building of houses. In 1801 Samuel Dodge erected a frame barn 30x40 feet on the south side of Superior Street, a little back of the old building long occupied by the Cleveland Leader and just east of the American House. This barn was constructed for Samuel Huntington, who afterwards became governor of Ohio, and is said to have been the first frame barn erected in the city. Through the building of this barn Samuel Dodge acquired the nucleus of that handsome property which for many years made the Dodge family possessions among the largest and most valuable in the city. Samuel Dodge took his pay for the construction work in land, being deeded two ten acre lots, embracing a strip along what was called in the deed the "Middle Road." This road was afterward known as the Central Highway and is now Euclid Avenue. Samuel Dodge was the father of Euclid Avenue, having suggested the laying out of that thoroughfare where it is today. He was one of the county commissioners of the county. His landed possessions bordered both sides of what was then Dodge Street, now East Seventeenth Street. Most of the land now bordering on Euclid Avenue is worth $4,000 or $5,000 a front foot. Samuel Dodge had an active part in the improvement and npbuilding of his section of the city, and his own home was erected on Euclid Avenue where Seventeenth Street is now located. Samuel Dodge married Nancy Doan, a daughter of Timothy and Polly Doan. Timothy Doan. a brother of Nathaniel Doan, came to Cleveland in 1801, a few years after his brother Nathaniel's arrival here. At the first town meeting ever held in Cleveland, April 5. 1802, Nathaniel Doan was elected township clerk and Timothy Doan one of the three township trustees. Nathaniel Doan had moved with his family in January, 1799, to the location now known as Euclid Avenue and 105th Street. For many decades this location was known as "Doan's Corners." Doan Street was afterwards changed to 105th Street. Nathaniel Doan came from Chatham, Connecticut, and Timothy came from Herkimer County, New York, accompanied by his six children. The party traveled with an ox team and one pair of horses. Nathaniel Doan was one of the original surveying party headed by Moses Cleaveland that came to this wilderness section of Northern Ohio in 1796. Nathaniel Doan died in 1815 and Timothy Doan in 1828. GEORGE C. DODGE, a son of that noted Cleveland pioneer settler, Samuel Dodge, was for a long term of years closely identified with Cleveland's material prosperity and public affairs. At the old family home on Euclid avenue he was born in July, 1813, and when almost seventy years of age he passed away June 6, 1883. He grew up in Cleveland and had memories of that town when it was only one of many villages along the shore of Lake Erie. He entered business as a merchant, but eventually devoted all his time and attention to handling real estate, chiefly the possessions of the family. He owned much valuable property on Euclid Avenue and on the thoroughfare known as Dodge Street, now East Seventeenth Street. The handling of this property became the basis of the substantial fortune long enjoyed by members of the Dodge family. George C. Dodge was much more than a successful business man. He had the character and attainments which made him exceedingly popular among his fellow townsmen and citi- zens and was long a recognized leader in local affairs. One proof of his popularity is found in his election in 1854 as treasurer of Cuyahoga County. He was elected as a democrat. and he was the last democratic incumbent of that office until 1903. During the administration of President Tyler he also served as Cleveland's postmaster. George C. Dodge was one of the founders of the Early Settlers' Association and until his death was its treasurer. The association was ortsanized by Harvey Rice, "Father" H. M. Addison and Mr. Dodge. George C. Dodge married Lucy A. Burton. She was born in Manchester. Vermont. in 1817, but spent most of her early life in Ohio. Her father. Dr. Elijah Burton. came to Ohio from Vermont and was one of the prominent early physicians in East Cleveland. SAMUEL DOUGLAS DODGE, a member of the Cleveland bar nearly forty years, has throughout that time been intimately associated with the professional, business and civic interests of his native city. A son of George C. Dodge and a grandson of Cleveland's pioneer, Samuel Dodge, he 92 - CLEVELAND AND ITS ENVIRONS was born in Cleveland August 25, 1855. He was educated in private schools, in Graylock's Institute at South Williamstown, Massachusetts, completed the classical course and received the Bachelor of Arts degree from Williams College in 1877, and graduated in law from the Columbia Law School of New York City in 1879. Since that date he has practiced law and handled the extensive real estate interests of the family at Cleveland. Mr. Dodge has never had a partnership in law practice, though at the beginning he was in the office of Virgil P. Kline and later with Judge E. J. Blandin. His specialty has been real estate law. For a number of years Mr. Dodge had charge of the Euclid Heights Realty Company and his long experience undoubtedly makes him one of the leading authorities in matters of Cleveland real estate. Mr. Dodge has remained loyal to the political affiliations of the family through the various generations, and while not a politician has served the community in some of those offices that are indicative of public esteem and offer a great opportunity for disinterested work with no compensation. He served two terms as a member of the city Board of Education, became a memher of the Ohio State Board of Pardons in 1905, on which board he served nine years, and has also been a member of, the Sinking Fund Commission of Cleveland. In 1886, under appointment from President Cleveland, he was assistant district attorney for four years, and in 1895, during Cleveland's second term, was appointed United States district attorney and filled that office until 1900. Mr. Dodge is one of the broad-minded and well read men of Cleveland. He has long been a student of the history of civilization, of economics and social affairs. He is an active member of the Early Settlers Association, of which his father was one of the founders. At the annual meeting of this association of Cuyahoga County held September 10, 1917, Mr. Dodge presented a resolution which was passed unanimously declaring the association thoroughly loyal to the Government in the present national and international crisis. One paragraph of the resolution read as follows: "We believe that every effort should be made by this government to furnish men, material and money to the utmost limit of our power to crush and destroy the dangerous autocratic government that is now threatening the eternal peace of all the nations of the earth. We deprecate and abhor any efforts in Congress or elsewhere to furnish aid and comfort to that government that has forfeited the respect of nations." In commenting upon the resolution Mr. Dodge expressed himself in a characteristic way: "After all it is the descendants of the pioneers who ought to know, more than anyone else, the worth of this republic. For if the children of the fathers and mothers of this republic do not watch over it and direct it, how can we expect those who flock here from foreign lands and soon become citizens to do it?" Mr. Dodge is identified with the Union Club, the Country Club and the Alpha Delta Phi fraternity of Williams College. He served as secretary of the Cleveland Humane Society for seven years from 1900, and after that became its president. His church affiliation is with the Presbyterian. October 25, 1882, Mr. Dodge married Miss Jeannette Groff, daughter of henry R. and Mary (Sutherland) Groff, of Cleveland. Mr. and Mrs. Dodge have two children. Henry Groff, born October 3, 1883, graduated Bachelor of Arts from Yale College in 1905, Master of Arts in 1909, and qualified for the law by graduation from Harvard Law School in 1909. He is now in Paris as the representative of the Irving National Bank of New York. The daughter, Janet, finished her education in 1909 at Briarcliff-on-the-Hudson and on June 27, 1916, became the wife of John Newell Garfield. grandson of the late James A. Garfield, President of the United States, and eldest son of James R. Garfield, Secretary of the Interior under President Roosevelt. ROBERT S. HOFFMAN is president and general manager of the Hoffman Bronze & Aluminum Casting Company, an industry founded by him and built up through his exertions and technical ability. Mr. Hoffman is a moulder and foundryman of many years' practical experience, and it was this experience more than financial capital which enabled him to build up an important local industry. Mr. Hoffman was born at Cleveland December 27, 1877, son of Charles and Augusta (Gajevski) Hoffman. Until his thirteenth year he lived at home and attended the local public schools. The next three years he spent working on his father's farm at Parma, near Cleveland. He did not see in farming a future nor an occupation completely congenial to CLEVELAND AND ITS ENVIRONS - 93 him, and he sought his opportunity in the industrial world as an apprenticed moulder for the Standard Lighting Company, with which firm he remained three years. This brought him to the year 1898, which is memorable in history as the year of the Spanish-American war. Early in that conflict he enlisted in Company I of the Tenth Ohio Regiment and was on duty with his command for nine months. On returning to Cleveland Mr. Hoffman began working at his trade as moulder, and in this occupation was with the Winton Motor Car Company three years, with the Van Dorn Iron Works two years, with the Standard Brass Company one year, with the Aluminum Casting Company one year, with the City Brass Company six months, and after that was employed as a moulder at different plants until 1911. His work in these different industries gave him a thorough and methodical knowledge of the general casting and moulding business, and in 1911 he established the H. and N. Company, refiners of aluminum. A year later he sold out his interests there and established the Cleveland Aluminum Casting Company, becoming its president when the business was incorporated in 1914. Mr. Hoffman continued in that connection until April, 1918. when he disposed of his interests. He then organized the Hoffman Bronze & Aluminum Casting Company, and erected a new plant at 1000 Addison Road. Here they have 6,000 square feet of floor space available for the business. The company has facilities for the manufacture of aluminum, brass and castings of all kinds. Mr. Hoffman is a member of the Brass Foundrymen's Association, is affiliated with Euclid Lodge, Free & Accepted Masons, Mount Olive Chapter, Royal Arch Masons, and Al Sirat Grotto. He is independent in politics and a Protestant in religion. Mr. Roffman married. for his first wife Pauline Sherrer, and for his second Helen M. Schanck. One child, Salome Ethel, was born to the first marriage. CYRUS A. JEWETT. Among the old names that have belonged to Cleveland through several generations that of Jewett has been a prominent one associated with leading business enterprises and also identified with the extension of many of the social agencies which have helped to make this city a desirable place of residence. The family is of New England origin and probably of Revolutionary stock. A well known member of this honorable old family is Cyrus A. Jewett, who is first vice president of the George Worthington Company of Cleveland. Cyrus A. Jewett was born October 30, 1858, in that part of Cleveland that was then known as Newburgh. His parents were Charles P. and Adeline (Adams) Jewett. Charles P. Jewett was born at Martha's Vineyard, Nantucket, Rhode Island, and was quite young when his parents brought him to Ohio. For a number of years he was engaged in farming but later entered the banking field and at the time of his death, in 1902, was president of the South Cleveland Banking Company and was a man of business importance. He was married at Newburgh, Ohio, to Adeline Adams. who died in 1901. They had two children, Carrie E. and Cyrus A., both of whom are residents of Cleveland. Cyrus A. Jewett attended the Walnut Street grammar school in boyhood and from there entered Hudson Academy, at Hudson, Ohio, where he continued his studies until he was seventeen years old. After returning home he spent six months in the Spencerian Business College, a well known institution of Cleveland, at the end of which time he felt prepared to begin business life. Mr. Jewett was willing to enter at the bottom of the ladder and therefore accepted a position as office boy in the firm of George Worthington Company, and in due time as a reward of efficiency became order clerk and continued in that capacity for three years. Mr. Jewett then went on the road as traveling representative of this company and so continued for the succeeding eleven years, when he was made assistant buyer to W. D. Taylor, who is now the president of the company, in the wholesale buying and selling department. In 1902 further recognition of his business ability was shown in his election as a director of the company. In 1910 Mr. Jewett was elected first vice president and this office he fills at the present time. Mr. Jewett was married at Newburgh, June 30, 1891. to Miss Ella S. Jones. They have one daughter, Margaret Adeline, who is well known in social life in the city. She is a graduate of the Hathaway-Brown School for Girls, Cleveland. and also of a private and exclusive girls school in Washington City. Mr. Jewett and his family are members of the Episcopal Church. An active citizens at all times, Mr. Jewett is a hearty advocate of such distinctively 94 - CLEVELAND AND ITS ENVIRONS Cleveland organizations as the Rotary Club, of which he is a director, and the Athletic Club, of which he was president in 1916, and belongs to the Shaker Heights and the Willowick Country clubs. He is a republican politically. FRED E. HANSEN. When the layman, as ultimate consumer, pauses a moment to examine even the smallest of the utilitarian articles which he daily makes use of in his business, his pleasure or his home, he finds these tools, objects or implements so perfectly fitted for the use for which it is intended that he is frequently amazed, particularly if he be possessed of no inventive genius himself. Perhaps it may occur to him that someone, better equipped, must have had wonderful genius in order to make possible the fashioning of so complete a thing, from a bit of iron, wood or steel into an adaptive article that is absolutely necessary in some branch of industry. The initial invention may have been crude, but for any one to so improve on this as to practically supplant the first tool, by one that can do the work more effectively requires the possession of mechanical knowledge combined with inventive talent. The advent of the automobile has made necessary the invention of countless new parts and appliances, and to Fred E. Hansen, vice president of the Hansen Manufacturing Company, belongs the credit for the devising of a number of specialties which have met a large and receptive field all over the country. Fred E. Hansen was born at Grant's Pass, Oregon, April 1, 1886. and is a son of Charles and Betty Hansen. He attended the public school until he was sixteen years of age, at which time he enrolled as a student at the Oregon State Agricultural, College, where he remained for two years. Coming to Cleveland from Oregon, he secured employment as a mechanic in the service department of the Winton Automobile Company, where he remained four years, and then transferred his services to the J. W. Frazier Engineering Company, where he was made inspector of steel construction. One year later he returned to the Winton Automobile Company, in the same capacity, in which he remained one year. Mr. Hansen, in the meantime, had not been content to go along in a rut. His industry and general ability had led to his promotion from position to position as his employers had recognized his value, but he was still dissatis fied with his state and was constantly casting about for an opportunity to better himself. His inventive genius pointed the way. As he came in contact with the various appliances incidental to the automobile trade, he made a close study of each piece of equipment and began to experiment on his own hook with the end in view of producing something better. This led to the invention of a number of specialties and to the formation of the Hansen Manufacturing Company, of which J. W. Frazier is president and treasurer; Fred E. Hansen, vice president ; and W. A. Gilliland, secretary. The company manufactures all the articles invented by Mr. Hansen, including automatic air valves, air dusters, hose clamps. hose connections, air line equipments and valve stems and parts. In addition the young inventor is constantly working on new articles which he expects to patent, and the manner in which his company's products have been received by the general market has encouraged him to extend his genius to the full. Mr. Hansen is a member of the Chamber of Commerce and one of the rising young men of the city. He votes for the candidates of the republican party. Mr. Hansen was married at Cleveland, August 5, 1916, to Miss Frances Jordan of this city, and they have one child, Laurence Jordan Hansen. HENRY HALLOCK. Many of the handicaps of which men complain in their pursuit of wealth or fame, or possibly of a mere competency and the right to exist, undoubtedly could be easily removed but for lack of education. The ignorant man may, through a natural talent, or through the helpfulness of friends, stumble into a position of prominence. but to maintain that position or to go still higher it is unreasonable to expect, especially in times when competition is keen and is not confined any longer to one sex. Men who invest their fortunes in an enterprise are pretty certain .to demand that its affairs shall be managed with the highest developed intelligence, which means broadness of view and enlightened understanding. The "diamond in the rough" in modern days stands a poor chance with the thoroughly trained college man when quick decision and wide vision mean success or failure in business. The Ohio Rubber Company, with a capital stock of $400.000, may be used as an illustration, the president of the company, Henry Hallock, CLEVELAND AND ITS ENVIRONS - 95 being a graduate of Amherst College, one of the old and solid establishments of learning in this country. Henry Hallock was born at Berlin, Connecticut. October 3. 1870, and is a son of Leavitt and Martha (Butler) Hallock, both of old New England families. Many men of later distinction have attended Phillips Academy at Andover, Massachusetts, and there Mr. Hallock was partially educated, subsequently entering Amherst College, from which he was graduated with credit in 1893. His first business venture away from home was at Minneapolis, Minnesota. in which city he established himself in the typewriter line and continued there for two years and then sold and on his return east came to Cleveland. Here he entered the employ of the Cleveland Rubber Company as a stenographer and when he gave up his position there he was a department manager. In 1901 Mr. Hallock went to Cincinnati and there became manager of the Ohio Rubber Company, a branch of a Cleveland house. In 1903 his ability received recognition in his election to the vice presi, deney and his appointment as manager and director of the entire company. In 1912 he was elected president and has the main offices at Cleveland. The Ohio Rubber Company was incorporated April 19. 1893, by J. W. McClymonds, J. D. Connelly, P. A. Connelly: L. K. McClymonds and George B. Mann. The business was started on a capital stock of $65,000, which has been steadily increased until today it amounts to $400,000. The company have branches in Cincinnati and in Detroit. and give employment to one hundred people. They do a general rubber distributing business, handling a general line of mechanical rubber goods, rubber clothing, rubber footwear and tires. Mr. Hallock has associated with him as officials the following well known men : A. C. Ernst. vice president : Franklin G. Smith, treasurer, and A. J. Huston. secretary. Mr. Hallock enjoys an enviable reputation as a husinms man of sound judgment and of unquestioned integrity, and during his long connection with this company has worked faithfully for its success. Mr. Hallock was married on August 22, 1893, to Miss Annie Lamson, of New Milford, Connecticut, and they have two children, a son and daughter, both now in college, Leavitt, a student in old Amherst. and Helen attending Smith College. Mr. Hallock and family are members of the Congregational Church. Vol. III—7 As a republican he expresses the principles in which he believes by his vote, but has never consented to accept any political office and only serves in a public capacity when matters of national importance or country-wide benevolence seem to demand such service from a prominent citizen. Ile is identified with the Business Men's Club of Cincinnati, the Detroit Athletic and the Cleveland Athletic clubs, and the Shaker Heights Country Club. He has the poise and presence of one accustomed to the amenities of social life and his associates and tastes, his recreations and home life are all in accordance with the atmosphere that environed his youth and early manhood. FRANK ROCKEFELLER, who died at his home in Cleveland April 15, 1917, was in many ways one of the most interesting personalities of his generation. He was one of the strong and forceful men in a generation that produced men of great wealth and industrial power, and yet he never learned or practiced successfully those manners which hedge off the wealthy class from the common people. He was free alike with his means and personal sympathy, and was universally esteemed. Evidences of this esteem came in multiplied numbers at the time of his death. Speaking briefly at his funeral his old friend and comrade, Rev. H. P. Applegarth, recalled the fact that "Frank Rockefeller began life as a poor boy and with only a poor boy's opportunities. He looked upon Abraham Lincoln as the finest example of manhood and tried to emulate Lincoln. He was a Christian of the best type, not a mystic nor a theologian, but a man who lived his Christianity, a man so broadly human and full of love that thousands loved him." He was the fifth child of William Avery Rockefeller and his wife Eliza (Davison) Rockefeller. William Avery Rockefeller was the third child and oldest son of Godfrey Rockefeller and Lucy (Avery) Rockefeller. Frank Rockefeller was born August 8, 1845, at Moravia, Tioga County, New York, and was in his seventy-second year when he died. He was still a boy when with his father and brothers he came to Cleveland. Despite his youth he managed to serve in the Civil war. He was under age when he ran away to enlist, but he chalked the figures eighteen on the soles of his boots, and when he was asked his age by the recruiting officer he replied, "I'm over eighteen." The official roster of Ohio soldiers, War of Rebellion, column 2, page 204, contains the following record : Seventh Ohio Infantry, 96 - CLEVELAND AND ITS ENVIRONS Company A; Rockefeller, Franklin G.; private, age 18; date of entering the service, September 20, 1861; period of service three years." He was wounded in the battles of Chancellorsville and Cedar Mountain. After the war he followed various occupations, and later became interested with his brother John D. Rockefeller in the oil business, and was one of the founders of the Standard Oil Company. He retired from this business in 1895. At the time of his death he was vice president of the Cleveland Steel Company, the Buckeye Steel Castings Company, and the Union Salt Company. He was also largely interested in iron mining in the Northwest and stock raising in the Southwest. About forty years ago he bought a large farm near Belvidere, Kansas, which he devoted largely to stock raising. It contained 10,000 acres, and under his management it was converted into a model farm. Mr. Rockefeller did much of the heavy work of this farm, even to ditch digging and fence building with the rest of his hands. He was interested in various mining ventures. He was fond of animals and at one time sent some horses, including the noted Fannie Foley and Extractor, to the Grand Circuit. He was keenly interested in the preservation of the buffalo and in improving breeds of American cattle and horses. Few men knew more about trees than Frank Rockefeller. His personality was decidedly pleasing. He was straightforward and bluff in manner, able to tell a good story and enjoy a good joke, and had many other interests that attracted and bound friends and acquaintances to him. October 12; 1870, at Cleveland, he married Helen Elizabeth Scofield, who was born at Cleveland February 25, 1848. She is a daughter of the late William C. Scofield, whose life is sketched on other pages. Mr. and Mrs. Rockefeller had five children, all born at Cleveland, namely : Alice Maud; Anna Beatrice, the wife of William Fowler Nash ; William Scofield, born December 26, 1877, died March 17, 1878; Helen Effie, the wife of Walter Scott Bowler; and Myra, born June 3, 1884, died August 23, 1886. WILLIAM C. SCOFIELD. The living tide of men which built and left as their chief monument the great city of Cleveland during the last century contained few more outstanding figures, few with more rugged character, greater in flexibility of purpose and greater in influence and achievement than William C. Scofield. He identified himself with this young community in 1842, when he was twenty-one years of age. He was born at Horbury, England, October 25, 1821. For several years he was one of the obscure thousands who were doing their work quietly but attracting none of that attention that is drawn to special success. His first location was at Waite's Hill in what is now Willoughby, Ohio. Arriving there with no letters of introduction to influential acquaintances, with no moneyed capital, he accepted one of the first opportunities presented and cut firewood and sold it at fifty cents a cord. Even at that he was not paid in currency but in merchandise or "store pay." All the shifts which he made during those early years cannot be recounted, but his enterprise was irrepressible and he could not long be kept in the role of one dependent upon the employment furnished by others. He finally invested his modest capital in a manufacturing enterprise, the pearl, ash, oil, lard and candle business in 1853. At that time petroleum had not yet been developed, but his business was an excellent preparatory school enabling him to take advantage of the opportunities of petroleum when the great fields were opened in Western Pennsylvania. He was thus a pioneer in the oil industry with Emanuel Hawley and James Fawcett, and later in association with Daniel Shermer and John Teagle established the celebrated Cleveland oil firm of Scofield, Shermer & Teagle. This firm is conspicuous not only for its business success but for its many intimate relations with the early history of oil. It was perhaps the most prominent competitor of the Standard Oil corporation and was one of the principals in the original Ohio litigation involving the validity of contracts in restraint of production and also of discriminating freight rates on the railways. Mr. Scofield continued to be identified with the oil industry until 1898, when he sold all his holdings. In the meantime, in 1872, he established the Lake Erie Iron Company. This was his largest and most representative enterprise. It was also one of the principal industrial interests of Cleveland. Mr. Scofield continued to be personally at the head of its administration until advanced years caused him to surrender many responsibilities, though he retained the post of president of the company until his death. He was also a director of the Cleveland Transfer & Storage Company and the Union CLEVELAND AND ITS ENVIRONS - 97 National Bank, but all these were subsidary to the Iron Company, of which he was president for forty-five years. Throughout his long career his name was a synonym for honesty, integrity and loyalty. He maintained his remarkable activities long after most men are content to retire, and doubtless his keen interest in life and affairs served to prolong his years. It was his ambition to live to be a hundred, though that was denied him. December 1, 1846, he married Miss Ann Barker, who died August 13, 1893. He married for his second wife, Mrs. Ida Cobb. Mr. Scofield was survived by three sons and three daughters. Three sons, Charles W., Ezra B. and Frank R. were all identified in official capacities with the Lake Erie Iron Company. Ezra died in the early spring of 1917, just before his father. A fourth son, George F., is in the real estate business in Cleveland. His three daughters are Mrs. Frank Rockefeller, Mrs. D. E. Dangler and Mrs. James Cogswell. Mr. Scofield was in his ninety-sixth year when he died in 1917. MATHIAS J. HINKEL. is a native son of Cleveland and, beginning his business career at the age of twelve years, has attained and long enjoyed enviable prominence in commercial circles. He was born at Cleveland August 31, 1867, son of Jacob and Catherine (Sauer) Hinkel, both of whom were natives of Germany. Mr. Hinkel had the advantages of. the local public schools only up to the age of twelve years. At that time he became an office boy with Edwards, Townsend & Company, and by close attention to business and faithfulness and diligence rose to the position of manager of their liquor department. he subsequently established a wholesale liquor business of his own on Pearl Street, where he remained for seventeen years and then removed to 814 Prospect Avenue, Southeast, where the M. J. Hinkel Company, of which he is president and treasurer, is still located. This is one of the largest wholesale liquor firms of Cleveland. Mr. Hinkel is also president and treasurer of the Smith Form-A-Truck Company, also president and treasurer of the Art Electrotype Foundry Company, and has financial interest in various other concerns. He is a member of the State Wine and Liquor Association, a member of the Elks, Eagles and Moose clubs, and is recognized as one of the leading sportsmen of this country today. In 1889 he married Miss Minnie Willslager, of Cleveland. They have three children: Clarence, Lillian and Sadie. Mr. Hinkel attends worship at St. Mary's Cathedral and is a member of the Quinnabolo Club. ISADORE F. FREIBERGER. One of the greatest assets of business is public confidence and the success of men and enterprises depend largely upon the knowledge of their trustworthiness. Cleveland has many stable business houses and is a strong financial center with commercial interests all over the country. One of the representative banking concerns here is the Cleveland Trust Company, of which Isadore F. Freiberger is vice president and trust officer. he has been continuously identified with this bank since the close of his university course, and his steady advancement from one position to another is an example of the rewards pretty certain to follow sincere, well directed effort and a course of conduct tending to inspire perfect confidence. Isadore F. Freiberger is not a native of Cleveland but. this city has been his home since he was three years old. He was born in New York City, December 12, 1879, and is a son of Samuel and Esther Freiberger, who carne to Cleveland in 1882. The parents took an interest in the early ambitions of their son and gave him every advantage in their power. He completed the public. school course, being graduated from the high school in 1897, and then entered Adelbert College, Western Reserve University, and in 1901 was graduated thereform. Not yet satisfied with his very creditable achievements, Mr. Freiberger determined to prepared himself for the bar and with this end in view entered a night class in the Baldwin-Wallace Law School, from which he received his degree in 1904. While he has never engaged formally in the practice of law, he has found his legal training very helpful in the banking business. When Mr. Freiberger first entered the employ of the Cleveland Trust Company it was as a clerk, and from that position he was promoted through the various departments as his special talents became manifest. In 1907 he became assistant trust officer, in 1910 was made assistant secretary, in 1914 trust officer, and in 1915 was elected vice president as well. Mr. Freiberger's work has always been associated with the trust department of the bank, this department having to do with the administering of estates as executor and trustee. It is asserted in financial circles that 98 - CLEVELAND AND ITS ENVIRONS the Cleveland Trust Company does the largest business along this line of any institution in this city. Mr. Freiberger was married in Cleveland, on June 9, 1903, to Miss Fannie Fertel, and they have two children : Lloyd Stanton, who was horn in 1910 and is now attending the public school; and Ruth May, who was born in 1914. In political affiliation Mr. Freiberger has been a consistent republican in all national matters, but personal preference has not prevented his giving generous support to all civic movements promising, from other standpoints, to be generally beneficial. He is an Elk and a Knight of Pythias and a valued member of the rather exclusive Oakwood Country Club. EDWIN M. HELM has become a widely known business man in Cleveland, and the people of that city appreciate his services in furnishing high class amusement and recreation places which of their kind are not excelled by any similar establishments anywhere in America. Mr. Helm was born at Knoxville, Illinois, March 11, 1868, a son of George H. and Delia (Higgins) Helm. In 1872 when he was four years of age, his parents moved to Minneapolis, Minnesota, and there he grew up and received his education in the grammar and high schools. At nineteen he graduated from high school and then entered McAllister College at Minneapolis, spending a year and a half in that institution. Since leaving college Mr. Helm has given practically all his time to the management of billiard parlors and enterprises of that class. For one year he was in St. Paul and then went to Chicago .and took the management of the famous W. P. Mussy billiard parlor for four years. He then opened a place of his own, but a year and a half later sold out and came to Cleveland. At Cleveland Mr. Helm opened a parlor at 339 Superior Avenue, Northeast, with fourteen tables. In the spring of 1905 he increased this to thirty-one tables and also established a billiard academy seating 130 people, this being the first establishment of its kind in the city. On December 24, 1913, he opened another billiard parlor at the corner of Ninth and Vincent streets, with nineteen tables, and this was recently increased to thirty-eight tables. In February, 1898, Mr. Helm established at 339 Superior Street five ten-pin alleys, and for many years that branch of his business was conducted on a very high plane. On May 18, 1916, he opened his latest establishment, including twenty-eight ten-pin alleys and nine billiard tables. He also conducts a restaurant on the ground floor of his main establishment. Mr. Helm is vice president representing Ohio in the National Billiard Association, is president of the Ohio Billiard Association, and well known in social and civic life, being affiliated with the Benevolent and Protective Order of Elks, Ellsworth Lodge No. 505, Free and Accepted Masons, Cleveland Athletic Club, Chamber of Commerce and Exchange Club. In politics he is independent. At Minneapolis January 4, 1893, he married Miss Jessie Bryant. Their only child, Jessie L., is a student in the East High School. HOWARD G. JONES. If proof were necessary it could be produced in abundance that worth while success in life comes largely through industry and perseverance. Other elements are usually additional factors, natural ability being an important one, but in the ordinary lines of business it is the persistent, faithful, industrious youth who first attracts attention and interest and is rewarded by promotion. In the great capitalistic combinations of trade, where annually hundreds of young men begin their business careers, there are comparatively few who make rapid advances and still fewer who reach positions of responsibility and independence. In this connection may be mentioned one of the officials of the Standard Oil Company of Ohio, Howard G. Jones, who is assistant treasurer and who has been identified with this corporation since 1892. Howard G. Jones was born at Niles in Trumbull County, Ohio, December 6, 1876. His father, Thomas G. Jones, was of Welsh parentage and was born on the Atlantic Ocean during the voyage of his parents from Wales to the United States. The family settled in Trumbull County, Ohio. His father was a coal miner and Thomas G. went to work in the coal mines as soon as old enough and was connected with milling for several years. In association with others, he developed the coal properties at Mineral Ridge, Ohio. In 1883 he retired from active participation in the mining field and later became interested in the original wood iron mills at Niles, Ohio. He subsequently came to Cleveland and thereafter, until his death in 1892, was employed as traveling auditor with the Standard Oil Company. He was a man of unusual ability and was faithful to every trust. He was mar- CLEVELAND AND ITS ENVIRONS - 99 ried in Trumbull County in 1873 to Frances Biery, and his two children survive, Lucretia and Howard G., both of Cleveland. Howard G. Jones obtained his education in the public schools and after completing the high school course entered the employ of the Standard Oil Company at Cleveland and served one year as an office boy and then was promoted to a clerkship in the freight department. It is significant that Mr. Jones has continued with the same business corporation all the intervening years, being advanced from one position to another through the different departments until in February, 1915, when he was appointed assistant treasurer, which office he still fills. In politics Mr. Jones is a republican. While he has never been particularly active, he has given loyal support to party and friends and has always been numbered with the dependable citizens who may be relied on to co-operate with others in support of law and good government. lie is a popular member of the Cleveland Athletic Club. Mr. Jones is unmarried. MICHAEL PRINTZ is member of an old and well known family in Cleveland, and has become prominently known both here and in New York as a ladies' cloak and suit manufacturer. He is vice president of the Printz- BiedermanCompany of Cleveland, and is also chairman and director of the Style Committee of the National Cloak, Suit and Skirt Manufacturers' Association. Mr. Printz was born at Kassa, Austria, June 15, 1872, and in the same year was brought to Cleveland by his parents, Morris and Celia (Friedman) Printz. The part his father played as a factor in the upbuilding of Cleveland's clothing industry has been told on other pages of this publication. Michael Printz grew up in Cleveland and was educated in the public schools to the age of fifteen, at which time he was sent east to New York City and entered the Mitchell School of Design. He graduated and received his diploma from that school after six months, and on returning to Cleveland went to work as assistant to his father, who was the chief designer at that time for the D. Black Company, the pioneer cloak and suit manufacturing house of Cleveland. Michael Printz also had charge of the piece goods stock until 1893. With the removal of the D. Black Company to New York City he became one of the organizers of the Printz-Biederman Company, was one of the partners until 1898, when the business was incorporated, and since that time Michael Printz has been vice president, director and manager of manufacturing. This firm probably stands at the head of the list of Cleveland manufacturers of ladies' garments. The business has grown steadily ever since it was established, and it is one of the few firms of the kind whose annual business now runs to figures of $3,000,000 or $4,000,000. Some of the very interesting details of the business will be found on other pages. Mr. Printz in April, 1918, became chairman of the textile division of the War Industries Board, operating through the Cleveland Chamber of Commerce, to organize the needle industries of Cleveland for purpose of constantly producing maximum amount of clothing for government use during the war. Mr. Michael Printz is member of the Excelsior Club, the Oakwood Country Club, Cleveland Chamber of Commerce, Automobile Club, Advertising Club, and he votes his ballot independently. At Cleveland, March 19, 1897, he married Miss Stella Hoffman. Mrs. Printz died February 24, 1909, deeply mourned by her husband and two children and a large circle of friends. The children are Harold and Florence. Harold, born June 15, 1899, graduated from the University School of Cleveland in 1916 and is now attending Dartmouth College. The daughter, Florence, is in the Bradford Academy at Bradford, Massachusetts. GEORGE CHRISTY HASCALL. Widely known in commercial circles is George Christy Hascall as president of the Tropical Paint and Oil Company, the Hascall Paint Company and the Union Products Company, all of Cleveland, and is also at the head of other great corporate interests that are located in other parts of the country and ably directing all their policies. Few business men of Cleveland have more numerous responsibilities and none hear them more efficiently. He began his business career at the early age of fifteen years and has steadily progressed, developing a remarkable aptitude for business that has led to his connection with enterprises that are of vital importance not only at Cleveland but as far south as Texas and as far north as Manitoba, Canada. George Christy Hascall was born at Ypsilanti. Michigan, January 17, 1852. His parents were Philander and Mary A. (Christy) Rascal]. His only educational advantages