450 - THIS CLEVELAND OF OURS in the Botten family. At the head of the organization is the father, William H. Botten, whose labors are ably supplemented and rounded out by those of his three sons, namely : Henry W., the treasurer and manager; John B., vice president; and Edward W., secretary and sales manager. The company has membership in the Associated Industries of Cleveland. HORACE PERRY WEDDELL For over one hundred and ten years, the name of Weddell has been prominent in business and social affairs of the city of Cleveland, Ohio, and a notable representative of this family was the late Horace Perry Weddell, for many years respected and admired for his ability and his loyalty to the welfare of the community. He was born November 27, 1823 on the northwest corner of what is now West Superior and West Ninth streets, then Superior and Bank streets, which was the site of his father's residence and store building. His parents were Peter Martin and Sophia (Perry) Weddell, both of whom are now deceased. Peter Martin Weddell, leading merchant and citizen of Cleveland in the early days, was born in Westmoreland county, Pennsylvania, in the year 1788. His father passed away previous to his birth, and his mother later remarried and moved to Kentucky and settled in Paris, Bourbon county. Here Peter M. Weddell spent his boyhood years, which were years of hardship and without educational advantages. Having reached the age of fourteen years, he came to Cleveland, Ohio, and secured employment in a store. He started very humbly, but possessed energy and determination and consequently grew into the confidence of his employer. When he was nineteen years old, he was admitted as a partner, but unfortunately soon after the association was terminated by the death of the older member of the firm. Mr. Weddell thereupon went to Newark, Ohio, the War of 1812 then being in progress. Here he met Miss Sophia Perry, a Cleveland girl and a daughter of Judge Nathan Perry, who was one - 451 - 452 - THIS CLEVELAND OF OURS of the pioneer lawyers of the Western Reserve and one of the first to become a judge in Cuyahoga county. Miss Perry had been sent to Newark for safety during the war and to further her education. She and Mr. Weddell were married there in November, 1815, and in 1820 they moved to Cleveland, where the husband established himself in business on Superior street, and very soon became one of the foremost merchants of the community. Mrs. Weddell died in 1823, leaving three children, of whom one was Horace Perry the immediate subject of this biography. Later, Mr. Weddell married Mrs. Eliza A. Bell, of Newark, who survived him for a number of years. In the year 1825, Peter M. Weddell entered into partnership with Edmund Clark, of Buffalo, New York, who soon afterward announced his retirement from business activities. In 1828, the partnership was dissolved, and three years later Mr. Weddell admitted to partnership his two clerks, Greenup C. Woods, his half brother, and Dudley Baldwin. The firm then became known as P. M. Weddell & Company. This arrangement continued for about four years, at which time Mr. Woods entered business in Newark, Ohio, and Mr. Weddell and Mr. Baldwin continued in business in Cleveland until 1845. The merchant of those days did not have the facilities which later ones had. There were no railroads or canals, and few good highways. Specie was the only currency available west of the Alleghanies, and this was carried across the ranges by mule-pack from Pittsburgh, the merchandise then being returned by the same method of transport. A number of merchants usually made the trip together, as their route took them through a rather dangerous country. In 1823, Mr. Weddell constructed a very pretentious brick residence and store in Cleveland, considered one of the finest of that day. It was situated at the northwest corner of Superior and Bank streets, afterward the site of the Weddell House. He regularly invested his profits in Cleveland real estate, which property naturally increased in value as the THIS CLEVELAND OF OURS - 453 city grew. On forty acres of land on Euclid avenue he built a stone cottage, named Oakland Cottage, in a heavily timbered tract, for a country retreat. This building is still standing, though having had a second story added. After taking his clerks into partnership, he shifted the responsibility of the store management largely to them and devoted practically all of his time to real estate work. He had acquired wealth, and had adequate resources to conduct extensive deals. In the spring of 1845, he began the construction of the Weddell House on the site of his former store and residence. Two years later the hotel was completed, and Mr. Weddell went to New York city for the purpose of buying the furnishings. On his return journey he contracted typhoid fever, and within three weeks died of this ailment. As a merchant and business man, Mr. Weddell was known in his generation as one of the most able and astute in Cleveland. He had the talent to make money, and his methods were never questioned during his career. He was very liberal and public-spirited, and in particular he loved to assist and encourage young men with whom he contacted. Many successful men of the city owed their advancement to the kindly interest, material help and advice given by Mr. Weddell. He died in the faith of a Christian, having been a member of the Old Stone Church, and in his will he left generous bequests to the American Board of Foreign Missions, to the Home Missionary Society, and to a number of other benevolent organizations. Horace P. Weddell received his education in the public and the private schools of Cleveland, having attended, among others, the school conducted by Franklin Backus. When in his youth, he did the natural thing by entering his father's business, where he learned much under the latter's preceptor-ship. After the death of Peter M. Weddell, he took over the care of the private interests and the estate of the elder's, and gave most of his time to this work. In 1865, he erected an addition to the Weddell House on Bank street. He was asso- 454 - THIS CLEVELAND OF OURS ciated with Mr. Everett in the Everett & Weddell Bank, as senior partner. For fifty-two years, he lived in the old home on Euclid avenue, which had been constructed by his father in 1833, and then he moved to Euclid Heights. After this removal, he retired from active business entirely. Horace P. Weddell carried on the fine traditions which were associated with his honored sire. He was liberal and charitable in his attitude toward his fellowmen, and was public-spirited to a high degree. He was a republican in politics, and was a great admirer of Abraham Lincoln, whom he assisted to entertain when the President was a guest at the Weddell House. Mr. Weddell's death occurred on June 25, 1914, when he was in the ninetieth year of his age, and his passing was a matter of sincere regret to the city which he had witnessed in its growth from a village of less than four hundred people to its position as one of the country's metropolitan centers. He was twice married; by his first wife these children were born : Lawrence, now dead, Frank and Mabel. By the second marriage several years later there were two children, Frederick A., of New York city and Grace G., widow of Walter J. Rich of Cleveland. ROBERT H. JAMISON Liberal collegiate training well qualified Robert H. Jamison for the profession of his choice, which he has followed successfully in Cleveland for more than twenty years, becoming recognized as one of the foremost members of its legal fraternity, and also enjoys high standing as a business man. He was born in Greenville, Ohio, September 18, 1884, a son of Robert Jamison, who was a general agent there, and of Mary L. (Huddle) Jamison. Of Scotch origin, the Jamison family has been represented on American soil since the year 1700 and on the maternal side his ancestors were of English and German extraction, being among the early settlers of Virginia. Robert H. Jamison obtained his grammar and high school education in his native town, afterward attending Ohio Wesleyan University, from which he received the Bachelor of Arts degree in 1906 and that of Master of Arts in 1910, winning special honors in economics at that time. In 1910 he was also graduated from the law school of Harvard University and after his admission to the Ohio bar entered the law firm of Bulkley & Inglis. Three years later he became a partner in the law firm of Bulkley, Hauxhurst, Inglis & Saeger, which succeeded Bulkley & Inglis, and later a member of the firm of Bulkley, Hauxhurst, Jamison & Sharp. Mr. Jamison opened an office for independent practice at 436 Bulkley building in October, 1931. He brings to bear keen discrimination in the solution of intricate problems of the law and is conceded to be one of the most talented as well as one of the highly esteemed members of the Cleveland bar. His achievements in - 455 - 456 - THIS CLEVELAND OF OURS the field of business are also worthy of note. He wisely and ably administers the affairs of the Cuyahoga Factory Development Company, of which he is the president; is serving as vice president and treasurer of The Bulkley Building Company; as vice president and a director of The Cleveland Ice Cream Company; and as a director of The Clark Controller Company. On the 27th of May, 1918, Mr. Jamison was married in Cleveland to Miss Marjorie Leigh Carr, a daughter of William Finley Carr, now deceased, of whom extended mention is made elsewhere in this work. To Mr. and Mrs. Jamison were born three children : Mary Leigh, Alice Leigh and Marjorie Leigh. The family resides at 2469 Kenilworth road, in the city of Cleveland Heights. As a member of the national guard Mr. Jamison was stationed for six months on the Mexican border with Troop A of the First Ohio Cavalry. During the World war he was captain in the One Hundred and Thirty-fifth Field Artillery of the Sixty-second Brigade, serving on the staff of the brigade and later commanding Battery E of the regiment, being in active service in France for nine months, and later acting as chief artillery inspector of the Ninth Army Corps. In 1924 he was commissioned major in the field artillery of the Officers Reserve Corps and later was made civilian aide to the secretary of war for the Fifth Corps Area of the United States Army. In the affairs of the American Legion he has been very active, serving as chairman of the Cuyahoga County Council of that organization in 1921 and 1922, and has also found time for civic and welfare work. During 1924 he was president of the Cleveland Association for Criminal Justice, of which he is now a director; the Cleveland Chamber of Commerce numbers him among its progressive members and he is a trustee of the Church of the Covenant. In Masonry he has taken the thirty-second degree and his college fraternities are Beta Theta Pi and Phi Delta Phi. Appreciative of the social amenities of life, he belongs to the THIS CLEVELAND OF OURS - 457 University, Kirtland Country, and Hermit Clubs. In politics he is a republican but is not active in behalf of the party, feeling that his business and professional interests should receive his best energies. In his practice Mr. Jamison has at all times adhered to a high standard of service, bearing constantly in mind the dignity and responsibility of his calling, and is a valued member of the Cleveland, Ohio State and American Bar Associations. GEORGE B. JOHNSON Since 1915 George B. Johnson has been an important factor in the affairs of the Guardian Trust Company and for eight years he has been one of the vice presidents of this large financial institution. He was born in Erie, Pennsylvania, January 10, 1877, a son of James C. and Susan (Baird) Johnson, who were also natives of the Keystone state, and both are now deceased. Having acquired a private school education, Mr. Johnson entered upon his commercial career and for ten years was identified with the insurance business. He next turned his attention to the sale of bonds and was thus engaged for twenty-eight years. Coming to Cleveland in 1902, Mr. Johnson was first associated with W. J. Hayes & Sons and later was in the employ of William Salmon & Company, international bankers. In 1915 he became connected with the Guardian Trust Company, opening their bond department, of which he took charge and has since managed. Since 1923 he has been a vice president of the company, proving a forceful and capable executive. On the 10th of February, 1906, Mr. Johnson was married to Miss Edith Ketchum, a daughter of James D. Ketchum and a granddaughter of Edmund Morgan of Morgan, Root & Company, a pioneer business house of Cleveland. Three children were born to this marriage. J. Baird, the eldest, was graduated from the University School, Yale University and the Michigan Law School and is now a successful attorney in Cleveland. Harriet Ely is a graduate of the Hathaway Brown School, Bradford Academy, the School of Education - 459 - 460 - THIS CLEVELAND OF OURS of Western Reserve University and the Library School of Cleveland College. Elizabeth Johnson, the younger daughter, is attending the Hathaway Brown School. Mr. Johnson resides at Gates Mills. He belongs to the Union Club and the Aintree Club. While always a diligent, conscientious worker, he has found time to enjoy life and his clear understanding of its values and purposes, combined with his steadily expanding powers, has carried him into important relations. BASCOM LITTLE For nearly two decades Bascom Little has been actively identified with the business now conducted under the name of the Crowell & Little Construction Company and heads an organization that has played a conspicuous part in Cleveland's upbuilding and improvement. He was born in this city April 24, 1879, a son of Dr. Hiram H. and Laura (Bascom) Little, who are now deceased. Extended mention of the family is made elsewhere in this work in connection with Dr. Little's sketch. Bascom Little supplemented his university school education by attendance at Cornell University, from which he received the Bachelor of Arts degree in 1901, and with his return to Cleveland entered the employ of the Baker Motor Vehicle Company. He was next with the American Ball Bearing Company and his initial step in construction work was made in 1912, when he formed a connection with the Crowell & Sherman Company. Later he became an officer of the Crowell-Lundoff-Little Company and since 1919 this has been known as the Crowell & Little Construction Company. As its president Mr. Little is guided by foresight and sound judgment and has instituted well devised plans for the growth and success of the concern and the maintenance of its prestige. His organization enjoys an enviable reputation for efficiency and reliability and constructs all kinds of buildings except houses. Since 1919 the company has erected many large and ornate structures. Among them the Severance Hall, the Maternity Hospital, the Allerton Hotel, the Cleveland News building, the Eaton Products, Inc. - 461 - 462 - THIS CLEVELAND OF OURS building, the units of the plant of the Norton Machine Company, and buildings for Wooster and Oberlin Colleges. In addition to the discharge of his duties as the executive head of the Crowell & Little Construction Company, Mr. Little is connected with financial affairs as a director of the Union Trust Company and the Cleveland Land & Securities Company. In 1906 Mr. Little was married in Cleveland to Miss Florence Cobb, by whom he has three children : Bascom, Jr., Julie and Laura. There is an interesting military chapter in the life record of Mr. Little, who was commissioned a major in the Officers Reserve Corps in October, 1916. He was with the machine gun corps of the army at Washington in 1916 and in 1917 was transferred to the Springfield Armory. Afterward he was sent to New Haven to open the district ordnance office and was placed in charge of production work there. Ordered to Washington in May, 1918, he was given charge of all small arms and ammunition manufactured there and at the close of the World war was mustered out of the service with the rank of colonel. He belongs to the American Legion, to the Union, Tavern, Kirtland and Pepper Pike Clubs of Cleveland, the Metropolitan Club of Washington and the University Club of New York. While he enjoys the social side of life, Mr. Little never neglects his business and is esteemed by his associates by reason of his high principles and substantial worth. LINDA ANNE EASTMAN Linda A. Eastman has devoted forty years to library work, serving the patrons of the Cleveland Public Library during the greater part of that period, and has been the directing head of the institution since 1918. She was born in Oberlin, Ohio, July 17, 1867, a daughter of William Harvey and Sarah (Redrup) Eastman, and as a child came with her parents to Cleveland. Here she attended the grammar and high schools and also had private tutors. From 1885 to 1892 she taught in the public schools of West Cleveland and Cleveland and then took up library work. For three years she was an assistant in the Cleveland Public Library and during 1895 and 1896 was assistant librarian and cataloguer at the Dayton Public Library. With her return to Cleveland she was made vice librarian, acting in that capacity until 1918, when she became librarian of the Cleveland Public Library, and since that year has occupied that office. Exceptionally capable, she has followed definite policies of administration which have resulted in increased usefulness on the part of the library and a clearer understanding of its functions on the part of the public, and has made it one of the outstanding libraries of the world. She is also professor of the library school of Western Reserve University and has been an instructor in that institution since 1904. Her articles have frequently appeared in library periodicals, and during 1900 and 1901 she was literary editor of the Little Chronicle. Miss Eastman became a charter member of the Woman's City Club of Cleveland and its first vice president in 1920. The Ohio Library Association also numbers her among its - 463 - 464 - THIS CLEVELAND OF OURS charter members and during 1903 and 1904 she was its president, being the first woman selected for that office. She has long figured prominently in the affairs of the American Library Association, having been a member of its council since 1905; a member of the executive board in 1911 and from 1917 to 1919; second vice president in 1917, president in 1928 and 1929, and also a member of the adult education board. She likewise belongs to the New York Library Association, the American Library Institute, the board of the American Association for Adult Education, the Cleveland Conference for Educational Cooperation, serving on the executive board since its organization; the Cleveland Welfare Federation, which she represented as second vice president from 1921 to 1923, and to other educational and philanthropic bodies. Her talents, natural and acquired, won for Miss Eastman the honorary degrees of Master of Arts and Doctor of Laws, the former having been conferred upon her by Oberlin College and the latter by Western Reserve University. Developing her powers through the exercise of effort, she has steadily progressed in her chosen field of usefulness and is classed with the foremost librarians of this country. In 1929 The Cleveland Medal for Public Service was awarded Miss Eastman by the Cleveland Chamber of Commerce. CLEVELAND Auld, David 123 Auld & Conger Company 127 Auxer, F. P. 335 Baker, G. W. 369 Baker, W. C. 373 Benesch, A. A. 169 Bicknell, Warren 445 Bolton, Charles C. 35 Bolton, Chester C. 69 Bolton, I. C. 441 Bolton, N. C. 131 Bolton, Thomas 101 Botton, W. H. 225 Bramley, M. F. 107 Brown, Fayette 63 Brown, F. E. 391 Brown, H. H. 91 Brown, P. W. 113 Bruce-Macbeth Engine Co. 363 Bruner, W. E. 179 Burton, J. S. 341 Canniff, W. H. 399 Cannon, J. L. 289 Carr, W. F. 435 Cathcart, W. H. 135 Cherna, Andrew 439 Cleveland Co-operative Stove Co. 263 Corning, H. W. 75 Crile, G. W. 9 Crofut, W. E. 365 Davis, E. E. 279 DeCamp, George 217 Denison, A. A. 443 Duty, S. M. 387 Eastman, Linda A. 463 Eells, H. P. 25 Eide, Randolph 23 Fancher, E. R. 229 Farnsworth, C. E. 355 Ferbert, A. J. 185 Ferbert-Schorndorfer Co. 323 Forbes Varnish Co. 305 Fraser, A. R. 407 Freiberger, I. F. 339 Gilchrist, F. R. 55 Gilpin, H. E. 251 Goff, F. H. 41 Greene, E. B. 259 Greene, J. E. 281 Greve, L. W. 293 Hamlin, E. B. 253 Hard, D. J. 61 Hobson, F. H. 303 Hohlfelder Co., The F. 231 Holiday, W. T. 95 Horr, A. R. 325 Hutchinson, C. L. 219 Jamison, R. H. 455 Jeffreys, R. J. 307 Johnson. G. B. 459 Joseph, Emil 233 Kelley, S. W. 221 Lenihan, E. P. 383 Lintern, William 255 Little, Bascom 461 Little, H. H. 413 Lorain Street Savings & Trust Co. 351 - 465 - 466 - INDEX Macbeth, Thomas 213 Many, F. B. 155 Maskell, J. H. 299 Mason, E. L. 311 Meade, F. B. 343 Miller, C. R. 151 Miller, Elisabeth C. T. 275 Mitchell, James 119 Munn, R. E. 327 National Telephone Supply Co. 197 Newcomb, R. B. 411 Newell, R. R. 329 Owen Bucket Co. 449 Palmer, C. A. 397 Pollack, Julius 237 Pomerene, Atlee 17 Pond, D. H. 163 Pope, H. F. 423 Purdon, W. D. 433 Reed, C. H. 159 Reed, C. S. 199 Rich, W. J. 427 Robinette, R. B. 319 Rogers, C. D. 385 Rogers, W. L. 59 Rose, Martha E. P. 147 Rose, W. G. 141 Ruble, J. S. 417 Schlather, Leonard 203 Schrembs, Joseph 83 Scott, F. A. 191 Seely, Warner 283 Selover, D. L. 139 Shepherd, H. I. 419 Sherwin, John 175 Smith, Allard 247 Smith, S. C. 115 Spenzer, J. G. 357 Spenzer, P. I. 97 Squire, Andrew 5 Stearns, A. A. 267 Sterling, F. C. 271 Talcott, A. L. 377 Talcott, J. C. 331 Talcott, W. E. 285 Tracy, J. J. 73 Trundle, G. T., Jr. 403 Tyler, W. S. 315 Vinson, R. E. 21 Walker, F. R. 85 Walker, H. C. 171 Walker, W. F. 239 Weddell, H. P. 451 Willard, H. E. 243 Wilson, S. S. 347 Worthington, Harold 183 Yoder, C. M. 211 Yoder Company, The 393 Yoder, H. O. 429 THIS CLEVELAND OF OUR”S BIOGRAPHICAL Volume IV Illustrated Chicago—Cleveland—Indianapolis THE S. J. CLARKE PUBLISHING COMPANY 1 9 3 3 BIOGRAPHICAL DAVID Z. NORTON The late David Z. Norton, "business giant and philanthropist, master of millions in iron and ships," was for more than a half century a dominant factor in the industrial and financial world and prominently identified with the civic welfare and social life of Cleveland. He was born in Cleveland, June 1, 1851, son of Washington Adams and Caroline (Harper) Norton. His ancestry identified him with prominent American families on both sides. He was directly descended from the Norton family of Sharpenhow, Bedfordshire, England. As established by Prof. Charles Eliot Norton of Harvard, the more remote ancestry goes back to the Seigneur de Norville, constable to William the Conqueror during the invasion of England in 1066. The first American of the name was Nicholas Norton, who arrived at Weymouth, Massachusetts, in 1630, and subsequently was one of the first settlers of Martha's Vineyard. He died on that island at Edgarton in 1690. For several succeeding generations the family continued to reside at Martha's Vineyard. Elijah Norton; of Edgarton, great-grandfather of David Z. Norton, was a soldier in the Revolutionary war in the Sea Coast Defense Guards for Dukes county, Massachusetts. His son, Zadock Norton, a native of Dartmouth, Massachusetts, moved to Washington county, New York, but died at Cleveland, November 24, 1848. He was the father of Washington Adams Norton and the grandfather of David Z. Norton. Washington A. Norton was born at Cambridge, Washington - 473 - 474 - THIS CLEVELAND OF OURS county, New York, and when a young man moved to Clyde, Ashtabula county, Ohio. There he built and operated the first blast furnace in the northern part of Ohio. In 1845 he removed to Cleveland and was active in business in this city until his death on December 22, 1855, when his son David was only four years old. The latter's mother, Caro-line (Harper) Norton, was of Scotch-Irish ancestry. Her grandfather, Alexander Harper, was a native of Connecti-cut. In 1769 he received a royal grant to twenty-two thou-sand acres in what is now Delaware county, New York. There he founded the town of Harpersfield. With his four brothers he fought for the American cause in the Revolution, being promoted to the rank of lieutenant colonel. Having secured a grant of land in the Connecticut Western Reserve, he came to Ohio from Harpersfield, New York, and in 1798 established the town of Harpersfield in the present Ashtabula county. While David Z. Norton was properly grateful for the fact that he was well born, the important fact is that he did much to prove himself worthy of such good ancestry. Educated in the Cleveland public schools, he was sixteen years of age when in April, 1868, he began his business career as an em-ployee of the old Commercial National Bank, and five years later, in 1873, was promoted to cashier, a position he filled for seventeen consecutive years. In 1890 Mr. Norton with-drew from the detailed responsibilities of banking and in association with Earl W. Oglebay organized the firm of Oglebay, Norton & Company, to engage in the iron ore trade. This concern operated mines in the Lake Superior district and its holdings and activities soon gave it a foremost posi-tion in that industrial region. With banking and mining as the basis of his career, Mr. Norton assumed many varied and important financial interests in the course of time. For sev-eral years he was president of the old Citizens Savings & Loan Association, and in 1903, upon its consolidation with the Savings & Trust Company and the American Trust Com- THIS CLEVELAND OF OURS - 475 pany, became vice president of the Citizens Savings & Trust Company. He held the post of president of the Citizens Savings & Trust Company from January 1, 1910, until his resignation at the time of its merger with the Union Trust Company, of which he became a director. Mr. Norton was a trustee of the Society for Savings and a director of the National Commercial Bank ; the Bank of Commerce, National Association, and the Woodland Avenue Savings & Trust Company. The breadth and scope of his business interests are further indicated by the fact that he was president of the Cleveland Storage Company; vice president and treasurer of the Commonwealth Iron Company and the Castile Mining Company; director and treasurer of the Montreal, the Fortune Lake, the Brule, the Reserve, the Bristol, and the Fort Henry Mining companies; and director of the Columbia Steamship Company, the Baker-Raulang Company, the American Shipbuilding Company and the National Refining Company. Practical business affairs afforded only one outlet for his versatile energies and tastes. Mr. Norton gave freely of his time and means for the benefit of Cleveland's institutional life, especially those of education and the promotion of culture. He was a trustee of Kenyon College, from which he received the honorary degree of Master of Arts ; Norton Hall at Kenyon College was his gift; trustee of Western Reserve University, which conferred upon him the degree of Doctor of Laws; and a trustee of Adelbert College, the University School, of which he was one of the founders and for many years was treasurer, the Cleveland School of Art, the Cleveland Museum of Art, the Western Reserve Historical Society, of which he was chairman of the financial committee, the Church Home, the Floating Bethel, the Garfield Monument and the Lake View Cemetery Associations. He was also an active member of the Cleveland Chamber of Commerce and the Associated Charities of Cleveland, and served as president of the Union Club, the Country Club and the Rowfant 476 - THIS CLEVELAND OF OURS Club. When the celebrated Troop A was organized he was one of its charter members and he became a trustee of Troop A Armory. Moreover, he was one of the principal organizers and the first president of the Kirtland Country Club. Other organizations that claimed his membership were the University Club, Mayfield Country Club, Chagrin Valley Hunt Club, Cleveland Gun Club, Castalia Sporting Club, Mid-Day, the Winous Point Shooting Club, the Bankers Club of New York city and the Grolier Club of New York city. He was senior warden of St. Paul's Protestant Episcopal Church and was one of the trustees of the diocese of Ohio, and for twenty years served as a lay delegate from the Diocese of Ohio to the triennial national conventions of the Episcopal church. Mr. Norton was known for his careful cultivation and exercise of discriminating taste in art, music and books. His collection of paintings was an admirable one, though he modestly disclaimed any special distinction for them. His intimate friends knew him as a real book lover, manifested in a splendid private library and also in the cultivation of especial interests as a book collector. He inclined to rare and fine editions and perhaps more than any other Cleveland man accumulated much of the literature concerning Napoleon's life and times. On October 11, 1876, in Cleveland, Mr. Norton married Miss Mary H. Castle, daughter of William B. and Mary H. (Newell) Castle. Her father was at one time president of the Cuyahoga Steam Furnace Company, and was mayor of Ohio City and after the consolidation of Ohio City with Cleveland became mayor of the large municipality in 1853. Mrs. Norton, like her husband, traced her ancestry back to many prominent New England families. Among her ancestors were such noted men as Judge Nathaniel Newell of the Vermont supreme court, William Williams, a signer of the Declaration of Independence, Governor Simon Bradstreet and Governor Thomas Dudley of Massachusetts, and the celebrated divine, Rev. John Cotton. Mr. and Mrs. Norton had THIS CLEVELAND OF OURS - 477 three children: Miriam, the wife of Fred Rollin White, of Cleveland and mother of Frederick R., Jr., Mary Caroline and Frances Elizabeth; Robert Castle; and Laurence Harper, both of whom are mentioned in another part of this work. Mrs. Mary H. (Castle) Norton passed away on January 2, 1928.   David Z. Norton died January 6, 1928, when seventy-six years of age. The Cleveland Plain Dealer of January 7, 1928, said : "For fifty-one years Mr. and Mrs. Norton were companions. Their golden wedding had been celebrated; their children were making their mark in life. Mrs. Mary (Castle) Norton died suddenly in a New York hospital Monday night. A little more than three days later—twelve hours after her funeral—Mr. Norton followed her willingly. In David Z. Norton, Cleveland again loses one of the men who built it from a small lake city into an industrial metropolis. Within the last two years, a dozen such men who were part of the warp and woof of the city's wealth, society and culture have died. . . A certain sublimity and fullness was noted by friends in the way the Nortons joined each other in death. Wealth and social position never robbed them of the sense of devotion to each other or their sense of family unity. The strain of personally caring for her husband during the last year was undoubtedly what sapped Mrs. Norton's strength. The shock of her death brought on his own.   "David Z. Norton was never one for ostentation, but in his quiet way he was an integral part of the business, social and cultural life of the city. He was first president of the Musical Arts Association, which supports the Cleveland Orchestra, and was vice president at his death. He was senior warden of St. Paul's Church, and along with Samuel Mather, an old friend and a man much like Mr. Norton in his quiet benevolences, attended the national gathering of bishops as a lay delegate for years. He was vice president of the Museum of Art. He was an enthusiastic collector of Napoleonic documents and items and had gathered a valuable array. His   478 - THIS CLEVELAND OF OURS   philanthropies were numerous, but he preferred to remain anonymous on most occasions. . . Constant activity was a part of Mr. Norton's philosophy. He was also a firm believer in home life as one of the things necessary to broaden people and bring out their character. The Nortons were strongly attached to their country home at Mentor, where they spent virtually all of their time."   LAURENCE HARPER NORTON   Laurence Harper Norton, diplomat, soldier, state senator serving in the eighty-ninth general assembly of Ohio, and one of Cleveland's most representative business men of the younger generation, was born May 8, 1888, at Cleveland, Ohio. He is a son of the late David Z. Norton, extended mention of whom may be found on other pages of this work.   Laurence Harper Norton was educated at the University School of Cleveland from 1898 to 1906 and at Yale University, graduating therefrom with the degree of B. A. in the class of 1910. He subsequently took an English course at the Graduate School at Harvard University, from where he received the degree of M. A. in 1912. After completing his collegiate studies he entered the diplomatic field and from April, 1912, to December, 1914, served as private secretary to Hon. Myron T. Merrick, ambassador to France, and was in Paris at the United States embassy during the first battle of the Marne. Mr. Norton returned to the United States in December, 1914, and was appointed teller in the Citizens Savings & Trust Company, now the Union Trust Company, of Cleveland, Ohio, in 1915 and 1916. On July 4, 1916, he went with Troop A, Ohio National Guard, to the Mexican border, being in active service there until March 1, 1917. In April, 1917, he was appointed first lieutenant of cavalry in the regiment expanded from Troop A which was converted into field artillery in May, 1917, and he was commissioned a captain of the One Hundred and Thirty-fifth Field Artillery, Thirty-seventh Division. In September, 1917, he accompanied Major General Charles G. Treat as aide-de-camp in the   - 479 -   480 - THIS CLEVELAND 01( OURS   Thirty-seventh Division to France on a two months' tour of inspection and instruction, and he was the first Ohio line officer to see actual service in France. Captain Norton returned to Camp Sheridan, Montgomery, Alabama, where he continued to serve as aide-de-camp until June, 1918, at which time he returned as adjutant to his regiment. In June, 1918, Captain Norton sailed to France with his regiment and there spent two months in the artillery school at Camp de Souge near Bordeaux before going to the front, where he participated in the Meuse-Argonne offensive in the fall of 1918. In March, 1919, he returned to the United States with his regiment and was honorably discharged from the service April 11, 1919. In July, 1921, he returned to Paris with Ambassador Herrick, having previously taken diplomatic examinations in Washington, and was appointed third secretary of the embassy of France and accompanied the ambassador on the above date to his post. In July, 1924, he resigned from the diplomatic service and returned to Cleveland, and shortly thereafter was elected at the primaries as republican candidate for state representative and was elected that fall, serving as representative in the eighty-sixth general assembly of Ohio. In 1926 he was appointed a member of the joint legislative highway commission to recodify the highways laws of Ohio. In the fall of 1926 he was renominated and reelected to serve as representative in the eighty-seventh general assembly of Ohio, and again in the fall of 1928. During his tenure of office in both these assemblies, he served as chairman of the motor vehicles committee. In the eighty-seventh assembly (1927) he was the author of the Norton highway code, and in 1929 was also the author of the Norton highway bill, supplementing the first one. In the fall of 1930 he was further honored by being elected state senator. Shortly thereafter he was elected chairman of the entire Cuyahoga county legislative delegation, comprising both republicans and democrats. He served as chairman of   THIS CLEVELAND OF OURS - 481   the committee on political subdivision in the eighty-ninth assembly.   Mr. Norton was appointed a member of the Ohio Battle Monument Commission and went abroad in August, 1925, to select sites for monuments to the Thirty-seventh Division; he was selected as secretary of the commission and was primarily responsible for all the work done for the construction of a memorial bridge over the Scheldt river at Eyne, Belgium, and of a memorial hospice at Montfaucon, in the Argonne, France, to commemorate the exploits of the division. He was the author of the Norton bill, appropriating the sum of one hundred and fifty thousand dollars for these monuments, which was passed by the Ohio legislature in 1927. He made four trips abroad in connection with these monuments, the last of which was in September, 1929, it being the dedication trip. He was accompanied on this memorable trip by three hundred veterans, and their wives, of the Thirty-seventh Division, a band and a legislative delegation. He was appointed by Governor Cooper as his official representative, and made the presentation speeches to the foreign governments.   In October, 1930, Mr. Norton served as chairman of personnel in the Crusaders Campaign, member of its executive committee, and recruited four hundred and fifty team members for the campaign in Cleveland, which raised two hundred thousand dollars. He was selected in August, 1932, as commander of the Cleveland Battalion of the Crusaders.   Captain Norton is a director of the Union Club and also has membership in the Rowf ant, Tavern, City, Kirtland Country, Chagrin Valley Hunt and Pepper Pike Clubs of Cleveland, Ohio ; Sons of the Colonial Wars; Castalia Sporting Club of Castalia, Ohio; Yale Club of New York; Travelers Club, Union Interailiee and St. Cloud Country Club, all of Paris. While at Yale he was a Psi Upsilon and Phi Beta Kappa. He is a member of the New England Historical Genealogical Society and of the South Carolina Historical   482 - THIS CLEVELAND OF OURS   Society. He was honored by the French government in 1921 with the Cross of Chevalier of the Legion of Honor. He was one of the organizers in Ohio of the American Legion and a delegate to the first state convention. He is a trustee of the Western Reserve Historical Society; trustee of Horace Kelley Art Foundation; trustee of Hinman B. Hurlbut Art Founda-tion; trustee of the Cleveland School of Art; trustee of the Playhouse Foundation and of the Playhouse; secretary of the Cleveland Association for Criminal Justice; member of the board of governors of Troop A, Veterans Association; mem-ber of the board of managers of the American Legislators Association; member of the executive board of the Cleveland Regional Highway Research Committee and a member of the advisory board of the Cleveland Museum of Art; also a trustee of the University School of Cleveland and of Kenyon College of Gambier, Ohio.   Captain Norton is a director of the Union Trust Com-pany; trustee for the Society for Savings; director of Ogle-bay, Norton & Company; vice president and director of the Bristol Mining Company; vice president and director of the Commonwealth Iron Company; vice president of the Colum-bia Steamship Company; treasurer and director of the David Z. Norton Company; director of the Bristol Holding Company and a director of the Cuyahoga Factory Develop-ment Company, all of Cleveland.   In politics Captain Norton is a republican. His principal recreations are golf and horseback riding. He is a member of St. Paul's Episcopal Church of Cleveland. He resides at 7301 Euclid avenue, Cleveland, and also maintains a summer home at Mentor, in Lake county, Ohio. His business address is 1552 Hanna building, Cleveland.   (Reprinted from Advance Press Service, May 29, 1931).   ROBERT CASTLE NORTON Robert Castle Norton was born in Cleveland, Ohio, December 28, 1879, son of the late David Z. Norton of the firm of Oglebay, Norton & Company, and former president of the Citizens Savings & Trust Company and one of Ohio's most respected and successful business men. His mother was Mary H. (Castle) Norton, daughter of the Hon. William B. Castle, first mayor of Greater Cleveland 1854 to 1856. He is descended from early colonial stock, his ancestors on both sides having come from England and settled in this country before 1635.   Robert C. Norton was educated at University School, Cleveland, subsequently entering Yale University and graduated in the class of 1902 with the degree of A.B. After leaving college he traveled through the Lake Superior, Virginia, Cuba and other ore mining districts on a tour of inspection of iron mines and in 1903 accepted the position of Treasurer of the Baker Motor Vehicle Company of Cleveland, manufacturers of electric automobiles. This position he filled until the time of the entrance of the United States into the World war when he resigned to serve in the Army.   Mr. Norton was Captain of Troop A, the crack cavalry organization of Cleveland, and served in that capacity on the Mexican border in 1916 and 1917. Troop A was expanded into the 135th Field Artillery of the 37th Division and Captain Norton was advanced to the rank of Major and sent with his regiment to Camp Sheridan, Montgomery, Alabama., for a period of training, after which they sailed from New York for overseas in June, 1918, landing at Liverpool, England.   - 483 -   484 - THIS CLEVELAND OF OURS   Almost immediately thereafter he went to France, and after a short period of training at the Artillery School at Camp 4:16 Souge, near Bordeaux, was moved towards the front in the Argonne Campaign, about September 25, 1918, and fought in various sectors until the armistice was signed, November 11, 1918. The unit was gradually moved back and sailed from Brest in March, 1919, arriving at Newport News, Va. Major Norton was mustered out of the service April 8, 1919, at Camp Sherman, Chillicothe, Ohio, after which he resumed his business pursuits in Cleveland, Ohio.   In 1921 Major Norton went abroad as a delegate with the American Legion to invite Marshall Foch to attend the Legion Convention at Kansas City and in the following year was a member of the reception committee of ten which escorted the Marshall on his tour of the United States.   He is now treasurer and director of Oglebay, Norton & Company, iron ore operators, a firm of which his father was one of the founders. He is president of the David Z. Norton Company and Troop A Armory Company, and is treasurer and a director in the Columbia Transportation Company, the Montreal Mining Company, the Castile Mining Company, the Brule Mining Company, the Bristol Mining Company, the Commonwealth Iron Company, the Fortune Lake Mining Company, the St. James Mining Company, the Ferro Engineering Company, and treasurer, the Nelson Mining Company. He is also a director of the Union Trust Company, the Baker-Raulang Company, the Cleveland Storage Company, The Independent Steamship Company, Lakeside and Marblehead Railroad Company, the Great Lakes Towing Company and the American Ship Building Company. He is a trustee of the Church Home and the Cleveland Public Library, Team Captain in the Cleveland Community Fund and a former president of the Yale Alumni Association of Cleveland. At Yale he was a member of Alpha Delta Phi and Scroll & Key Society.   His club memberships include the Union, University,   THIS CLEVELAND OF OURS - 485   Tavern, Rowfant, Kirtland Country Club (President 1926- 1927) , Automobile, Chagrin Valley Hunt and Winous Point Shooting Clubs of Cleveland, the Yale Club of New York City and the Cherokee Club of Camden, S. C. He is also a member of the Cleveland Chamber of Commerce, American Legion and Society of Sons of Colonial Wars.   Mr. Norton is a member of St. Paul's Episcopal Church, is a republican in politics and is unmarried.   Major Norton is an enthusiastic horseman and a crack rider, also takes keen interest in all outdoor sports. He is an expert polo player, rides to hounds and over the hurdles and has won many prizes and blue ribbons with his horses. One of his hobbies is autograph collecting and he has a notable set of autographs of the Signers of the "Declaration of Independence," including the rare Button Gwinnett, and one of the most complete collections in the country of autograph letters of the American Generals of the Revolutionary war.   He resides at 7301 Euclid Avenue, Cleveland, Ohio, summer residence Mentor Ohio, and business address 1208 Hanna building, Cleveland, Ohio.   HON. JOHN HESSIN CLARKE   High professional honors have been conferred upon the Hon. John H. Clarke, who laid aside the duties of federal judge of the northern district of Ohio to assume those of associate justice of the supreme court of the United States. A native of New Lisbon, now known as Lisbon, Ohio, he was born September 18, 1857. The father, John Clarke, was born in Belfast, Ireland, and with his father, who was a farmer, came to America in 1828, when a lad of fourteen. Later taking up the study of law, he was admitted to the bar and for many years as lawyer and judge pursued his profession successfully at New Lisbon, where he made his home for more than a half century. A lawyer of marked ability, he won more than local prominence in his profession and his death occurred in October, 1884, when he was seventy years of age. His wife, Melissa (Hessin) Clarke, was born in New Lisbon, where her father, William Hessin, had settled in pioneer times, and long survived her husband, passing away at Youngstown, Ohio, in May, 1907, at the advanced age of eighty-eight years. She had become the mother of five children, of whom two died in infancy. The others are : Dr. Ida Clarke, who became a prominent physician of Youngstown, president of its public library and an active factor in civic and philanthropic work; Alice, also a resident of Youngstown; and John Hessin, who is the youngest member of the family.   In the public schools of his native town Mr. Clarke acquired his early education and prepared for college under   - 487 -   488 - THIS CLEVELAND OF OURS   private tutors. At the age of sixteen he entered Western Reserve University, from which he was graduated with hon-ors in 1877, receiving the Bachelor of Arts degree, and in 1880 won the Master of Arts degree from that institution. In 1916 he won from his alma mater the honorary degree of Doctor of Laws, which was also conferred upon him by Brown University in 1924.   During his senior year and after his graduation Mr. Clarke studied law under the supervision of his father and in October, 1878, was admitted to the Ohio bar. Soon after-ward his father retired and his partner, John McVicker, then became associated with John H. Clarke, with whom he en-gaged in practice at Lisbon until 1880. Mr. Clarke then acquired a half interest in the Vindicator, published at Youngstown, where he took up the practice of law, and at the same time wrote the political editorials for his paper. His partner in the newspaper business was Judge L. D. Thoman, who later became a prominent lawyer of Chicago. The Vin-dicator, under the editorial direction of Mr. Clarke, was the only democratic newspaper in Ohio to support the civil service reform principles, then supported by Senator Pendleton, of Ohio, and as a result, in 1882, Judge Thoman was appointed by President Arthur as one of the first three United States civil service commissioners and did much valuable work in inaugurating and systematizing the merit system, constituting what is popularly known as civil service reform.   In the spring of 1882 Mr. Clarke sold his interest in the Vindicator and concentrated his attention upon the work of his profession. In 1883 he formed a connection with M. W. Johnson, with whom he practiced for three years, and in 1886 was joined by C. D. Hine in a partnership relation that existed until 1897, when Mr. Clarke removed to Cleveland. During the years of his association with Mr. Hine the firm had charge of the legal interests of the chief manufacturing concerns, railroads and banks of Youngstown and also enjoyed a large general practice.   THIS CLEVELAND OF OURS - 489   With his arrival in Cleveland in April, 1897, Mr. Clarke entered the firm of Williamson & Cushing and the style was then changed to Williamson, Cushing & Clarke. As specialists in railroad and corporation law they established an enviable reputation and Mr. Clarke was the trial lawyer of the firm. He represented the Lake Shore and Big Four Railway Companies in their contest with the city, involving the lake front property of great value, and also conducted the defense for the heirs of Leonard Case against the attack made upon their title to a large portion of the business district of the city, in both instances securing judgments favorable to the interests of their clients. In the fall of 1898, Judge Samuel E. Williamson, the senior member of the firm, became general counsel for the New York Central Railroad and removed to New York city. At that time Mr. Clarke was appointed general counsel for the New York, Chicago & St. Louis Railroad Company and for thirteen years successfully handled all of its legal affairs. His legal services were also retained by other railroads and the Pullman Company. He was associated with Mr. Cushing until the spring of 1907, when the partnership was dissolved, but continued in private practice for seven years thereafter. In 1914 President Wilson appointed him United States district judge for the northern district of Ohio and two years later he was made an associate justice of the supreme court of the United States, taking office July 14, 1916. In September, 1922, after serving with distinction for six years, he resigned, as he said in his letter to President Harding, "to the end that I may have time to read many books which I have not had time to read in a busy life, to travel, and to serve my neighbors and some public causes in ways in which I cannot serve them while holding important public office."   World peace was the chief of the public causes to which Justice Clarke referred and to it he has devoted the full service of a finely tempered mind. Of his public service in this   490 - THIS CLEVELAND OF OURS   and other connections the editor of The Clevelander wrote as follows in the issue of June, 1931 : "You would not like to ask Justice Clarke if he regrets the knowledge brought to him through his extensive observations of his countrymen in their behavior concerning the entry of America into the World Court and the League, or if this knowledge has altered his interest. While you have hesitated to ask this question, you have the answer in that you see that he has been looking back, as well as around him, and before him. His conclusion, expressed this year in January, at Washington, before a meeting of the Woodrow Wilson Foundation, is this : 'After eleven years of intense and intelligent study and of more bitter and destructive criticism than the subject of organizing the world for permanent peace ever received before, no program other than that of the League has been suggested which has arrested the attention of the statesmanship of the world for a single day. Palpably we must accept the League or return to chaos. . . . To doubt the permanence of the League of Nations is to doubt the moral government of this world, and there are those of us who are much too old to doubt that.'   "When he went to Youngstown in 1880 he took the reading habit with him from his home in an Ohio village, where there were many books and few distractions. He found Youngstown lacking a library worthy the name, and set himself, with five other pioneers, to promote one. Within the year he was among the 'discreet persons' trusted to read books intended for circulation, and a little later he became a library trustee, and finally president of the board. For fifty years the welfare of the Youngstown Public Library has been very near to Justice Clarke's heart.   "General education of public opinion in America and the rousing of our people to the necessity of taking their place of world leadership as a really proud and brave nation could not have a stronger advocate than Justice Clarke. He has a nat-   THIS CLEVELAND OF OURS - 491   ural gift for public speaking and even in quiet conversation he is vivid and convincing.   "Throughout his career as a lawyer, and as a citizen interested in the processes of government, he could be depended upon to defend his convictions. If his opinions were not conventional he followed his own judgment, as when he, a lifelong democrat, refused to support Bryan's financial heresies.   "In these recent years Justice Clarke has come to doubt whether the system of education prevailing in our country produce the wise, honest and devoted body of citizens we have believed from the beginning it is capable of furnishing, and in his address delivered at the centenary of the founding of Western Reserve University when, questioning the success of our universal and free education, Justice Clarke displayed ability to clothe a rebuke in tolerant language :   " 'You will forgive me for being elementary. . . . The money derived from taxation is the very blood of the life of our government, without which it cannot live, so that the attitude of most of us in this grave matter of honest tax returns approaches unpleasantly near to a real disloyalty to our country. Indeed this attitude toward taxation could not be much different from what it habitually is if this government of our own creating were one imposed upon us from the outside by a military conqueror. If it be the function of our popular education to teach not only what the state is, or what it should be, but also what the relation of the citizen to his government should be, then, very certainly there has been something gravely lacking in the moral and political instruction given us in our youth which is followed by this widespread disposition to defraud the government of our own creating. It would seem to be high time that a course of instruction in character building should find a place in the curriculum of all our schools, and that a new and deep emphasis should be laid upon the vital relation which every citizen sustains to the government of his city, state and nation, as the source, if not   492 - THIS CLEVELAND OF OURS   of all, certainly of a very great part of all that is best and dearest to us in the sheltered life we are leading in this favored land. Plato would have the relation of the citizen of the state comparable to that of parent to child—of the son to his mother. It would be difficult to improve upon such a standard.'   "Justice Clarke has dared to exert his gifts toward lifting a people above itself. His service to this country has been important in that he has revealed in his many public addresses a regard for America's standing in the world and the courage to speak unwelcome truth. It is a pleasure to place here the words of Newton D. Baker :   " 'Justice Clarke has contributed speeches of great learning and distinction to the cause of American adhesion to the World Court and thus has added the weight of his name and judicial reputation to those of Chief Justice Hughes, Elihu Root and John W. Davis. He is, of course, the most distinguished member of the Cleveland bar, being the only Cleveland lawyer who has ever sat upon the supreme court of the United States.' "   An earlier biographer said of him : "Mr. Clarke's political service has been of an important character, as he has taken an advanced position on many public questions of vital importance. In 1896 he declined to accept the position of the democratic party, with which he had always acted, on the silver question and was chairman in that year of the Ohio state democratic sound money convention, and also served as delegate at large to the Indianapolis sound money convention, which nominated Palmer and Buckner for the presidency and vice presidency. Mr. Clarke took an active part in the campaign of that year, speaking throughout the state for sound money. In 1892 he was chairman of the congressional convention of the eighteenth district then assembled at Alliance and was tendered the nomination by acclamation but declined, as his professional engagements prevented his accepting. The   THIS CLEVELAND OF OURS - 493   nominee of the convention was elected, as it semed certain he would be at the time the convention was held, and had Mr. Clarke not chosen otherwise, he would very certainly have taken a seat in congress at the ensuing session. In 1893 he was second on the balloting for governor of Ohio at Cincinnati, although he had publicly declined to become a candidate. In 1903 he was nominated by the democratic state convention for United States senator and made an active canvass of the entire state against Mark A. Hanna on a platform advocating chiefly reform of taxation and of the laws governing municipalities, salaries for county officers, and a two-cent fare on all railroads—all of which have since been accomplished, largely as a result of the agitation of the campaign of that year. Mr. Clarke has always been a distinct advocate of the merit system for the civil service. He has steadily opposed ship subsidies in any form, has favored a low tariff and has been a pronounced anti-imperialist, favoring the neutralization of the Philippine Islands under treaty with the great powers of the world. In 1904 he did much campaign work, speaking many times in Ohio and New York in support of the democratic national ticket."   Justice Clarke has campaigned throughout the globe for world peace and for the League of Nations. He is president of the League of Nations Nonpartisan Association of the United States and a trustee of the Boston branch of the World Peace Foundation. For ten years he was a trustee of the Youngstown Public Library, serving as president of the board during seven years of that period, and was a trustee of the Cleveland Public Library from 1903 to 1906, acting as its president during the last year of his term. In 1921 he was made a trustee of the Western Reserve University and has since remained on the board of that institution. Along social lines he has connection with the Union, City, Country and University Clubs of Cleveland and the University Club of Washington, D. C. Steadily progressing in knowledge, use-   494 - THIS CLEVELAND OF OURS   fulness and service, he attained a place of eminence in his profession and is a valued member of the Cleveland, Ohio State and American Bar Associations. The condition of his health requiring him to live in a milder climate than Cleveland, in the autumn of 1931 Mr. Clarke removed to San Diego, California, where he makes his home at the El Cortez Hotel.   HARRY E. WEEKS   In the profession of architecture Harry E. Weeks has won success and prominence and for twenty years has been a member of the firm of Walker & Weeks, designers of many of Cleveland's beautiful buildings. He was born in West Springfield, Massachusetts, October 2, 1871, a son of Charles F. Weeks, a railroad man, who is now deceased. The mother, Mrs. Clara I. (Allen) Weeks, still resides in Massachusetts.   When his high school course was completed Harry E. Weeks enrolled in the Massachusetts Institute of Technology at Boston, where he took up the study of architecture, and was graduated with the class of 1893. In order to gain practical experience in his profession lie worked for various firms of prominence in his native state and then started out for himself, opening an office in Pittsfield, Massachusetts, where he conducted his interests for three years. In April, 1905, he removed to Cleveland and since 1911 has been associated with Frank R. Walker in the firm of Walker & Weeks. They have designed more important buildings than any other firm of local architects and have also been intrusted with several commissions outside of the state. Their work is the expression of a high and enduring art, manifesting splendid adaptation to specific needs, combined with beauty of form and design, and has won for them much favorable notice.   In his native state Mr. Weeks married Alice B. Tuggey, by whom he has two sons : Ellis F., who is associated with the firm of Walker & Weeks and has a wife and five children; and Donald C., a graduate of Harvard University. An earnest, helpful member of the Euclid Avenue Baptist Church,   - 495 -   496 - THIS CLEVELAND OF OURS   Mr. Weeks was president of its board of trustees in 1926, when the new house of worship was erected, and drew the plans for the building. He belongs to the Cleveland Chamber of Commerce, the City Club, the Cleveland Athletic Club, the Cleveland Engineering Society, the American Institute of Architects and the Cleveland Chapter of the American Institute of Architects. He has made continuous progress in his profession, working his way upward through his well developed powers and marked ability, his experience and study continually bringing him greater knowledge and higher efficiency.   THE CLEVELAND CONTAINER COMPANY   The Cleveland Container Company, successor to The Ohio Container Company of Cleveland, was incorporated in 1923 and began operations on West Twenty-fifth street in this city, manufacturing paper tubes, caps for bottles and various other paper products. Business was carried on at the original location until 1925, when the space proved inadequate and the company leased its present factory at 10630 Berea road, where new and modern machinery was installed.   Ever devising new products, The Cleveland Container Company is one of the largest manufacturing concerns in the United States engaged in the making of paper tube products for the construction industry, and containers for the drug, chemical and coffee and tea trades. The company has factories in Hoboken, New Jersey, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, Detroit, Michigan, and Cleveland, Ohio, and maintains its own sales organization, with central office in Chicago. Its products are sold all over the United States, Canada and South America. The company manufactures tubes in sizes from one-eighth of an inch to sixteen and one-half inches in diameter. The company also manufactures special dialetic tubes for the electrical and radio industry. In addition to the products named, The Cleveland Container Company manufactures and markets hundreds of specialties used in the automobile industry. The officers of the company and the sole owners of the business are as follows : Willard F. Walker, president and general manager; Harlin H. Newell, treasurer; and Raymond T. Kelsey, secretary.   - 497 -   CLAYTON H. FORCE   Since 1900 Clayton H Force has been associated with the Guardian Trust Company, serving the corporation to the best of his ability and thereby progressing until he has become one of its forceful executives, having occupied the office of a vice president since 1924. He was born in Mantua, Portage county, Ohio, July 23, 1880, and is a son of C. W. Force. The grandfather, Robert Force, was a native of Virginia and on coming to Ohio settled near Milton, where he spent the remainder of his life, devoting his attention to agricultural pursuits. C. W. Force was born on his father's farm in Wood county, Ohio, and when a young man left the home place, removing to Mantua, where he opened a store. In that town he engaged in merchandising until his death in 1891, building up a business of substantial proportions. While there residing he married Miss Hettie Keys, a daughter of Benjamin Keys, who was born in Vermont and in pioneer times traveled by stage to Ohio. He settled near Mantua and in that district followed the occupation of farming until his death in 1886.   Clayton H. Force, who was the only child of his parents, acquired his early education in Mantua, which he left when a lad of about ten years. After the death of his father he came to Cleveland and here continued his public school studies, which were supplemented by a course in the Spencerian Business College, from which he was graduated at the age of eighteen years. He then secured work as a bookkeeper in a department store conducted by W. J. Cardie, with whom he spent two years, resigning to become a bookkeeper   - 499 -