HISTORY OF DELAWARE COUNTY. - 277 CHAPTER IX. (RETURN TO THE TITLE PAGE) WAR HISTORY -THE REVOLUTIONARY STRUGGLE-WAR OF 1812 - THE MEXICAN WAR-WAR OF THE REBELLION-SOME DISTINGUISHED MEN AND SOLDIERS. " Of all the men Whom day's departing beam saw blooming there, In proud and vigorous health; of all the hearts That beat with anxious life at sunset there, How few survive, how few are beating now'. All is deep silence, like the fearful calm That slumbers in the storm's portentous pause ; Save when the frantic wait of widowed love Comes shuddering on the blast, or the faint moan With which some soul bursts from the frame of clay Wrapt round its struggling powers." Shelley. THE patriotism of Delaware County is above reproach; the bravery of her sons has been tested on hundreds of battle-fields. Many of the early settlers of the county were soldiers in our ;rest struggle for independence, and some, perhaps, had fought in the old French and Indian war. These wars, however, occurred long before there were ally settlements made in Delaware County. The close of the Revolutionary war found the weak and feeble Government bankrupt, and the soldiers who had fought for liberty were forced to accept Western lands in payment for long years of military service. This brought many pioneers to the ;treat wilderness of the West, and particularly to Ohio, where large bodies of lands are still designated as " United States Military Lands " and "Virginia Military Lands." These were lands set apart for the benefit of Revolutionary soldiers, by the United States Government. The best years of the lives of these old soldiers had been spent fighting for their country. Peace found them broken down in spirit and in body, and many of them in fortune, and, when a home and lands were offered them in the West, there remained no other alternative but to accept, and, like the poor Indian himself, move on toward the setting sun. Such was the noble and warlike stock from whom sprang the majority of the present generation of Delaware County. The Revolutionary war, and the causes which led to it, are familiar to every school-boy in the country, and hence require no special notice in this work. The early wars of our country are familiar as household words, and are merely mentioned in this connection as a prelude to one, "the half of which has not yet been told," and much of which, perhaps, will never be written-the great rebellion. To it, and the country's participation in it, we shall have more to say in this chapter. In the war of 1812, and the Indian wars of that period, Delaware County, comprising then but a population of a few hundreds, came forward with the same lofty spirit of patriotism which has ever since pervaded her sons, and which characterized their Revolutionary sires. There were some who had been present, at the surrender of Cornwallis, and others who had been with Gates and Greene in the South, while many others were descendants of such heroic stock; and, when the tocsin of war sounded, and the roar of the British lion was again heard in the land, like the clans of Roderick Dhu, who assembled for battle at the "circling o'er " of the "fiery cross" "Fast as the fatal symbol flies, In arms the buts and hamlets rise; From winding glen from upland brown, They poured each hardy tenant down. The fisherman forsook the strand, The swarthy smith took dirk and brand, With changed cheer the mower blithe Left in the half-cut swath his scythe ; The herds without a keeper strayed, The plow was in mid-furrow stayed " they took down their old flint-lock fowling piece and hastened to offer themselves for the defence of their country. Many enlisted upon their arrival in the county as emigrants, even before they had found shelter for their families, and others were drafted into the service while oil their way to their destined place of settlement. The whole number who served in the army from this county, during the war. cannot, after this long lapse of time, be given, but comprised most all of the ablebodied men. A company of cavalry was raised in the county; of which Elias hurray was Captain, and James W. Crawford, the father of Col. Crawford, of Delaware, was a Lieutenant, and did duty for some time ; while several regiments, or portions of regiments, of infantry, were recruited; and, upon special alarm; the militia was called out to defend 278 - HISTORY OF DELAWARE: COUNTY. the settlements. As a matter of some interest to our modern soldiers, we give the following abstract from the Quartermaster's Department during this war. Rations1 1/4 pounds of beef; 3/4 pounds of pork; 13 ounces of bread or flour; 1 gill of whisky. At the rate of 2 quarts of salt, 4 quarts of vinegar, 4 pounds of soap and 1 ½ pounds of candles to every 100 rations. And from the Paymaster's Department: Colonel, $75 per month, 5 rations and $12 for forage; Major, $50 per month and 3 rations; Captain, $40 and 3 rations; First Lieutenant, $30 and 2 rations; Second Lieutenant, $20 and 2 rations; Ensign, $20 and 3 rations; Sergeant Major, $9 ; Second Master Sergeant, $9; other Sergeants, $8; Corporals, $7; musicians, $6 ; and privates, $6 per month. The old military road Gen. Harrison made in his march to Fort Meigs, or Fort Sandusky, passes through the county and through the city of Delaware. Through the latter, it is known ,is Sandusky street, in consequence of its northern terminus. There is also a legend to the effect that Harrison's army spent the winter in Delaware during the 1812 campaign, but how trite we cannot say. However, the quiet and peaceable citizens of Delaware, as they witness the "Joy Guards" performing their harmless evolutions on the streets, cannot, without considerable effort recall the presence of a hostile army in their city, eagerly panting for war, and of - " Red battle With blood-red tresses deepening in the sun, And death-shot glowing in his fiery hands." If Gen. Harrison did encamp in Delaware through the winter of 1813-14, the matter will be brought to light by our township historian, and given the prominence that such an historical occurrence naturally demands. Capt. William Drake, a resident of the county, recruited a company of mounted men in the north part, and, for a period, performed active service. He is still remembered from a circumstance known in history as "Drake's Defeat," and to omit it would detract from the interest of our work. We quote from Howe: "After Hull's surrender, Capt. William Drake formed a company of rangers to protect the frontier from marauding bands of Indians who then had nothing to restrain them; and, when Lower Sandusky was threatened with attack, this company with alacrity obeyed the call to march to its defense. They encamped the first night a few miles beyond the outskirts of the settlement. In those days, the Captain was a great was, and naturally very fond of sport, and, being withal desirous of testing the courage of his men, after they had all got asleep, he slipped into the bushes at some distance, and, discharging his gun, rushed towards the camp yelling " Indians! Indians!" with all his might. The sentinels, supposing the alarm to proceed from one of their number, joined in the cry, and ran to quarters; the men sprang to their feet in complete confusion, and the courageous attempted to form on the ground designated the night before in case of attack ; but the First Lieutenant, thinking there was more safety in depending upon legs than arms, took to his heels and dashed into the woods. Seeing the consternation and impending disgrace of his company, the Captain quickly proclaimed the hoax and ordered a halt, but the Lieutenant's frightened imagination converted every sound into Indian yells and the sanguinary war-whoop, and the louder the Captain shouted, the faster he ran, till the sounds sank away in the distance, and he supposed the Captain and his adherents had succumbed to the tomahawk and the scalping-knife. Supposing he had been asleep a few minutes only, he took the moon for his guide, and flew for home. Having had time to gain the western horizon, she led him in the wrong direction ; and, after breaking down saplings, and running through the woods and brush some ten miles, he reached Radnor settlement just at daybreak, bareheaded, and with his garments flowing in a thousand streamers. The people roused hurriedly from their slumber, and, horrified with his report that the whole company was massacred but him who alone bad escaped, began a ,eneral and rapid flight. Each conveyed the tidings to his neighbor, and just after sunrise they came rushing through Delaware, mostly on horseback, many in wagons, and some on foot, presenting all those grotesque appearances that frontier settlers naturally would, supposing the Indians close in their rear. Many anecdotes are told, amusing now to us who cannot realize their feelings, that exhibit the varied hues of trepidation characterizing different persons, and also show that there is no difference between real and supposed danger and yet those actuated by the latter seldom receive the sympathies of their fellows. One family, named Penry, drove so fast that they bounced a little boy, two or three years old, out of the wagon, near Delaware, and did not miss him until they had gone five or six miles on their way to Worthington, and then upon consultation concluded it was too late to recover him amid such imminent HISTORY OF DELAWARE COUNTY. - 281 danger, and so yielded him up as a painful sacrifice! But the little fellow found protection from others, and is now (1848) living in the western part of the county. One woman, in the confusion of hurrying off, forgot her babe till after starting, and ran back to get it, but, being peculiarly absent minded, she caught up a stick of wood from the chimney corner, and hastened off, leaving her babe again quietly sleeping in the cradle ! A large portion of the people fled to Worthington and Franklinton, and some kept on to Chillicothe. In Delaware, the men who could be spared from conveying away their families, or who had none, rallied for defense, and sent scouts to Norton to reconnoiter, where they found the people quietly engaged in their ordinary avocations, having received a message from the Captain ; but it was too late to save the other settlements from a precipitous flight. Upon the whole, it was quite an injury to the county, as a large amount of produce was lost from the intrusion of cattle, and the want of hands to harvest it; many of the people being slow in returning, and some never did. Capt. Drake, with his company, marched on to Sandusky, to execute the duty assigned to him, without knowing the effect produced in his rear." Drake was afterward Associate Judge, and filled various other offices in the county. He was a man highly respected, hospitable, running over with good humor, and a strong love for anecdote and fun. He was censured somewhat for his joie in this case, and never wholly forgiven, perhaps, by some of those who suffered most in the general stampede caused by his penchant for fun and frolic. But our space will not allow us to follow the course of our soldiers through all the trials and triumphs of this war. With the following extract from a chronicle of the time, we will pass on to other matters and events: "Defeat, disaster, and disgrace marked its opening scenes ; but the latter events of the contest were a series of splendid achievements. Croghan's gallant defense of Fort Stephenson; Perry's victory upon Lake Erie ; the total defeat, by Harrison, of the allied British and savages under Proctor and Tecumseh, on the Thames, and the great closing triumph of Jackson at New Orleans, reflected the most brilliant luster upon the American arms. In every vicissitude of this contest, the conduct of Ohio was eminently patriotic and honorable. When the necessities of the National Government compelled Congress to resort to a direct tax, Ohio, for successive years, cheerfully assumed and promptly paid her quota out of her State Treasury. Her sons volunteered with alacrity their services in the field; and no troops more patiently endured hardship or performed better service. Hardly a battle was fought in the Northwest, in which some of these brave. citizen soldiers did not seal their devotion to their country with their blood." And what is true, and to the honor and credit of the soldiers of the State, is equally true of the soldiers of the county, and that is glory enough. After the war of 1812 and the Indian wars accompanying it, the people of Delaware County were no more disturbed until the Mexican war. The circumstances which led to this little unpleasantness resulted from the admission of Texas into the American Union. The "Lone Star State " had been a province of Mexico, but had" seceded," and for years its citizens had been carrying on a kind of guerrilla warfare with the "mother country" with varying results. But, in 1836, a battle was fought at San Jacinto, at which Santa Anna, then Dictator of Mexico, was captured, and his whole army either killed or made prisoners. Santa Anna was held in strict confinement, and finally induced to sign a treaty acknowledging the independence of Texas. But, in violation of the treaty and of every principle of honor the Republic of Mexico treated Texas and the Texans ,just as she had previously done. From this time on, petitions were frequently presented to the United States. asking admission into the Union. But Mexico, through sheer spite, endeavored to prevent the admission of Texas, by constantly declaring that her reception would be retarded as a sufficient cause for a declaration of war, thinking, perhaps, that this would serve to intimidate the United States. In the Presidential canvass of 1844, between Clay and Polk, the annexation of Texas was one of the leading issues before the people, and Mr. Polk, whose party favored the admission of Texas, being elected, this was taken as a public I declaration on the subject. After this, Congress had no hesitancy in granting the petition of Texas, and oil the 1st of March, 1845, formally received her into the sisterhood of States. Mexico at once, in her indignation, broke off all diplomatic relations with the United States, calling (home her minister immediately, which was a clear declaration of war-and war soon followed. Congress passed an act authorizing the President to accept the services of 50,000 volunteers, and appropriating $10,000,000 for the prosecution of the war. 282 - HISTORY OF DELAWARE COUNTY. As the war feeling swept over the country like an epidemic, the people of Delaware County caught the spirit, and their patriotism was aroused to the highest pitch of excitement. The old State Militia law was then in force, which required the enrollment of all able-bodied men between the ages of eighteen and forty-five, for military duty. Tinder this law Gen. Hinton commanded a brigade. which consisted of one battalion of artillery, one Squadron Squadron of one regiment of riflemen. with the war fever, he called out his brigade and went into camp for three days at Delaware,* for the purpose of drill, and of considering the war question. The war news was thoroughly discussed, and, finally, a long preamble and it string of patriotic resolutions were adopted amid the clanging of arms and the roar of artillery. After a preamble consisting of a number of whereases, in which Mexican outrages are fully set forth : it was Resolved. That we, as citizen ,soldiers, assembled together with arms in our hands, bound to defend our country, its interest and its honor, do hereby tender our services to the President of the United States, and hold ourselves in readiness, at his command, for the defense of our country, the execution of its. laws, and the maintenance of the honorand dignity of the nation. Resolved, That, we Sustain the President in his inaugural address, as to the Oregon question,t etc. Resolved, That these proceedings be signed by all the commanding and staff officers of the brigade, in their official capacity; and that it be published in the Oleotangy Gazette, Ohio Statesman and Ohio State Journal. Resolved, That Gen. Hinton be charged with the duty of sending to the President of the United States and the Secretary of War, copies of these proceedings. (Signed O. HINTON, Brigadier General. STAFF. R. A. LAMB, Brigade Major. E. L. HINTON, Aid-de-Camp. J. A. LITTLE, Brigade Quartermaster. HUGH COLE, Colonel. J. W. ELLIOTT, Colonel of Infantry. J. W. GILL, Major of Light Dragoons. H. F. RANDOLPH, Major of Infantry. J. BISHOP, Adjutant of Infantry. S. W. STONE, Adjutant of Infantry. M. LEWIS, Commanding Artillery Battery. DANIEL MAXWELL, Captain. J. GILLIS, Captain 1st Rifle Company. J. WORLINE, Captain 2d Rifle Company. G. BURNS, Captain 3d Rifle Company. J. B. WERT, Captain 4th Rifle Company. ST. C. Ross, Captain 5th Rifle Company. H. Linsley, Captain 6th Rifle Company. J. H. HARDIN, Fife Major. • Gazette of August 9, 1845. * It will be remembered that there was some trouble about that time between the United States and Great Britain, in regard to the boundary between Oregon and the British Possessions. M. W. MILLER Drum Major. J. DETWILER, Trumpet Major. HENRY ROLOSON, Ensign. Lieut. JACOB BIRT. Lieut. DANIEL SHEETS. First. Lieut. ALFRED BURNS. First Lieut. E. MANN. First Lieut. NELSON WARD. First Lieut. ABEL LINSLEY. Second Lieut. JOSEPH MORRIS. Second Lieut. S. MANN. Second Lieut. JOHN VAN HORNE Second Lieut. John B. JONES. Corneter, JOHN SMITH. The Delaware Gazette of September 19, 1845, contains the following, which will doubtless call up in the minds of many, the stirring days of which we write: The following correspondence between the President of the United States, the Secretary of War, and Gen. O. Hinton, has been furnished us for publication by Gen. Hinton. The curiosity of those who have been on the qui vive for several days past to know the nature of the war documents received by the General will be gratified by a perusal: DELAWARE Ohio, August 29. 1845 SIR: I have the honor of forwarding to you the enclosed resolutions adopted by the officers and soldiers of the brigade under my command of independent companies of the Ohio Militia. I assure you, sir, they are not intended as an empty show for the occasion, but as an earnest offer of our services to you and the country, and an unflinching determination upon the event of either subject contemplated in the resolutions ( a war with Mexico or the necessity of defending our rights in relation to Oregon) to stand by the administration, and the interests and honor of our country. I hope these resolutions, and this personal tender of my services will meet with Your Excellency's approbation. With sentiments of great respect, I remain at your service, your obedient servant. O. HINTON, Brigadier General, 2d Brigade, 13th Division, Ohio Militia. His Excellency James K. POLE, President of the United States. A letter similar in spirit was forwarded to the Secretary of War, and to it, and the letter given above, the following answers were received: War DEPARTMENT, September 6, 1845. SIR: Your letter of the 29th ultimo, offering the services of your brigade in the event of war has been received, but unaccompanied by the resolutions to which you refer, as having been adopted by the officers and soldiers of the corps. In case of invasion or imminent danger thereof, the President is authorized to call out the militia nearest the scene of danger, and when so called out, the drafting and selection of corps are severally made by the Governors of States. The public spirit and patriotism of the officers and soldiers of your bri- HISTORY OF DELAWARE COUNTY. - 283 trade, are, however, highly appreciated by the President and this department, and will be duly rewarded, should circumstances render it necessary to call out any portion of the militia of your State into public service. Very respectfully your obedient servant, W. L. MARCY, Secretary of War. Brig. GEN. O. HINTON, of the Ohio Militia, Delaware, Ohio. WAR DEPARTMENT. September 9. 1845. SIR: Your letter of the 29th of August, has been received by the President, and referred to this department. The President and this department fully appreciate the motives which prompt your offer, anal your name will be entered on the list of candidates for military service. Very respectfully your obedient. servant, W. L. Marcy, Secretary of War. BRIG. GEN. O. Hinton, Ohio Militia, Delaware. Ohio. In the President's call for 50,000 men, Ohio was required to furnish three regiments. With her characteristic patriotism, she filled her quota in a few weeks. Cincinnati was the place of rendezvous, and upon the organization of the three regiments, there were troops enough left to nearly form another regiment. These were furnished transportation to their homes at the expense of the Government. The regiments as organized were officered of follows: First Regiment-A. M. Mitchell, of Cincinnati, Colonel ; J John B. Weller, of Butler County, Lieutenant Colonel ; T. L. Hamer, of Brown Count y, Major. Second Regiment - G W. Morgan, of Knox County, Colonel ; William Irvin, of Fairfield. Lieutenant Colonel William Hall, of Athens, Major. Third Regiment-S. R. Curtis, of Wayne County, Colonel ; G. W. McCook, of Jefferson, Lieutenant Colonel, and .J. S. Love, of Morgan. Major. At this information is chronicled in the Gazette, but not a single name of a Delaware County citizen is mentioned in connection with either of these regiments, and to rather the names of those who enlisted from this county is attended with but little better success titan hunting for a needle in a hay stack. The following are the names so far as we have been able to obtain them: Thomas J. Crawford, A. J. Crawford, Alvin Rose, Able Moore, Daniel Bill, James Cutler, Dorance Roman, --- Van Loran, George Taylor. Nathan Daily, Joseph Borgan, J. Riddile, Jacob Hay, Dorman Carpenter, Gerard Osgood, Calvin De Pugh, Edgar Hinton, Lewis Smith, J. M. C. Bogan, Isaac Brintwell, Bednego Maddox, and Hiram and Lucius Deppen. These names are all that we have been able to trace out as representatives of Delaware County in the Mexican war. Several of these did not go from this county, but since the war have become residents. The two Crawfords enlisted in the First Regiment; Abel Moore was Third Lieutenant in Company E, Fourth Regiment, a regiment that was made up about a year after the three mentioned above, and the Deppens, Brintwell and Daniel Bills were members of the ,same company. Lewis Smith was a Corporal in Capt. Sanderson's company from Columbus; James Cutler, who was then but a mere boy, is now a practicing physician at Richwood in Union County; Alvin Rose is a minister of.the United Brethren Church in the Sandusky Conference ; George Taylor removed to Arkansas in 1870 ; Joseph Brogan was wounded, but came home, and now lives in Wisconsin ; J. Riddile removed to St.. Louis and died there ; Nathan Daily was killed at Buena Vista ; Jacob Hay still lives in Concord Township; De Pugh enlisted in New York in the regular army, and, after the close of the war and his discharge from the army, became a citizen of Delaware County. ()f the others we know but little except Edgar Hinton ; he was a son of Gen. Hinton, and enlisted in St. Louis ; he joined Col. Doniphan's command, and crossed the Plains on the expedition into New Mexico. After participating in that exciting campaign, he returned to his home, but his army life had rather unsettled him. He went to Boston and shipped on board a vessel bound for India. After a three years' cruise he came back, made a brief visit home, and then went on another voyage to San Domingo, where he died of yellow fever. The war of the rebellion next claims our attention ; but we do taut design writing a history of the war between the States as there is. at present. at great deal more of war literature extant than is read. Nor is this to be regretted, as this class of literature is very unreliable. But a history of Delaware County that did not contain it, war record, would not be considered much of a History. Nothing will be of greater interest to coming generations in our country. than a true and faithful account of the events of those four long, and gloomy years when "Armies met in the shock Of war, with shout and groan, and clarion blast, And the hoarse echoes of the thunder-gun." It is at duty that we owe to the soldiers who took part in the bloody struggle, to record and preserve the leading facts ; especially do we owe this to the long list of the dead, who willingly laid down then lives for their country's honor and preservation 284 - HISTORY OF DELAWARE COUNTY. we owe it to the maimed and mangled cripples who were lacerated and torn by shot and shell ; and last. but by no means least, we owe it to the widows and orphans of the brave soldiers, who, for love of country, forsook home with all its endearments, and whose bodies he rotting in the soil of the Sunny South. Delaware County had been for years pretty evenly divided in polities, yet the Republican party, from the time of its organization, had preponderated to a slight extent. But notwithstanding its majority, its policy was boldly opposed by a large class of people; yet, when the dark and angry war clouds began to gather over the land. when the Stars and Stripes were lowered from the battlements of Fort Sumter and the Palmetto hoisted in their place, and the blood of American citizens had actually been spilled; the feelings of patriotism ran high, and the pulses of all bean to beat full and quick : and when the question of union and disunion was brought full before the face of all; then Democrats and Republicans forgot old issues and petty quarrels and with united hands and hearts. resolved to sacrifice all else for the preservation of the Union. When the first. call was made for volunteers, it set the entire State in a blaze of excitement. Who does not remember the stirring days of '61, when martial music was heard in every town and hamlet and tender women, no less than men, were wild with enthusiasm: Wives encouraged their husbands to enlist, mothers urged their sons to patriotic devotion, sisters tenderly gave their brothers to the cause of their country, while cases are not unknown where the bride of an hour joyfully; though tearfully, gave the young husband the parting embrace, with the patriotic declaration that she would prefer to live the "widow of a brave man, than the wife of a coward." "And must he change so soon the hand, Just linked to his by holy band And must the day so blithe that rose, And promised rapture in the close, Before its setting hour divide The bridegroom from the plighted bride? But the people of Delaware County require no facts to remind them of these thrilling times, or to recall the names of those who "fought the good fight unto the end." They inscribed their names in characters that live as monuments in the memories of men, who, though dead long ago, will always live, bright and imperishable as the rays of Austerlitz's sun. Many of the "boys" who went from this county to do battle for their country, came back to their homes shrined in glory. Many left a limb in the swamps of the Chickahominy ; on the banks of the Rapidan ; at Fredricksburg, Shenandoah, or in the Wilderness. Many still bear the marks of the strife that raged at Stone River, Chickamauga, on the heights of Lookout Mountain, where "they burst, Like spirits of destruction, through the clouds, And, 'mid a thousand hurtling missiles, swept. Their foes before them, as the whirlwind sweeps The strong oaks of the forest.' * But there were many who came not back. They fell by the wayside, or, from the prison and battlefield, crossed over and mingled in the ranks of that grand army beyond the river. Their memory is held in sacred keeping. And there are others who sleep beside their ancestors in the village churchyard, where the violets on their mounds speak in tender accents of womanly sweetness and affection. Their memory, too, is immortal; beautiful as a crown of gold the rays of the sunset lie upon the little hillocks above them. Some sleep in unknown graves in the land of cotton and cane." But the same trees which shade the sepulcher of their foemen shade their tombs also ; the same birds carol their matins to both ; the same flowers sweeten the air with their fragrance, and the same daisies caress the graves of both, as the breezes toss them into rippling eddies. Neither is forgotten. Both are remembered as they slumber there in peaceful, glorified rest. " Oh, our comrades, gone before us In the 'great review' to pass - Never more to earthly chieftain Dipping colors as ye pass - Heaven accord ye gentle judgment As before its throne ye pass." But. while we weave a laurel crown for our own dead heroes, let us twine a few sad cypress leaves, and wreathe them about the memory of those who fell on the other side, and who, though arrayed against us, and their country, were-OUR BROTHERS. Terribly mistaken as they were, we remember hundreds of them over whose moldering dust we would gladly plant flowers with our own hands. Now that the war is long over, and the issues which caused it are buried beyond power of resurrection, let us extend, to those upon whom the fortunes of war frowned, the hand of charity, and, in ignorance of a "solid South" or a " solid North," again * From Prentice's description of the battle of Lookout Mountain. HISTORY OF DELAWARE COUNTY. - 285 become, what we should ever have been- " brothers all." We shall now, in as brief a manner as we can, notice the part taken in the late war by Delaware County. Our facilities and data are meager for preparing a satisfactory war history of the county, but the means within our reach have been exhausted, and no pains spared to do the subject justice. We have been greatly aided in the work by Col. Crawford, Gen. Powell, Col. Humphrey, Maj. McElroy, Col. Lindsey, Dr. Morrison, Capt. Banker, Mr. J. S. Gill and others, who were in the service from this city and county. The first regiment in which Delaware County was represented, was the Fourth Infantry. It was organized in April, 1861, at Camp Jackson, Columbus, under the old militia law of the State. According to this law, the men chose their own officers by ballot. Lorin Andrews, President of Kenyon College, who had volunteered as a private, was elected Colonel. This regiment contained two full companies from Delaware County. The first, Company C, was recruited by Capt. James M. Crawford, of Delaware, and should nave been the ranking company in the regiment. But the oldfogy ideas of those in charge led them to bestow the initial letter of the Captains upon the companies. Thus Crawford's became Company C, when it should really have been A, as Capt. Crawford received the first commission, not only in the Fourth Regiment, but the first issued in the State of Ohio, it being dated April 16, 1861, one day earlier than any commission issued to the First Regiment. When Crawford organized his company, the officers were James `l. Crawford, Captain ; Eugene Powell, First Lieutenant, and Byron Dolbear, Second Lieutenant. Having a large surplus of men left, they were turned over to Lieut. Powell, who recruited a sufficient number to form another company. Of this company Lieut. Powell was elected Captain, A. W. Scott, First Lieutenant, and William Constant, Second Lieutenant. These were the first two companies raised in Delaware County. Capt. Powell's company was mustered into the Fourth Regiment as Company I, and the officers as above given. Capt. Crawford's company (C) was mustered in with the officers as given, except J. S. Jones, who had been elected First Lieutenant in place of Capt. Powell. The Fourth moved to Camp Dennison on the 2d of May, and was mustered into the three months' service by Capt. Gordon Granger, of the United States Army. A few days after, the President's call for three-years men was made public, and the majority of the regiment, including the almost entire companies of Capts. Crawford and Powell, signified their willingness to enter the service for that period, and were therefore mustered in for three years. On the 25th of June, the regiment left Camp Dennison for Western Virginia. It arrived at Rich Mountain on the 9th of July, but did not participate actively in the fight, being held as a support for the skirmishers. On the 13th, six companies of the regiment, under Col. Andrews, moved with the main column of Gen. McClellan's army to Huttonsville ; the other four companies, under Lieut. Col. Cantwell, remained at Beverly in charge of rebel prisoners. On the 7th of September, the regiment marched to Pendleton, Md. Lieut. Col. Cantwell, with six companies, left Pendleton on the 24th, and moved on Rowney, where, after a brisk engagement, they defeated the rebels. Their loss in this' fight was thirty-two men wounded. Col. Andrews died on the 4th of October, and John S. Mason, a Captain in the United States Army, was appointed his successor, and assumed command on the 14th. On the 25th, the regiment moved to New Creek, Va., where it joined Gen. Kelly's command, and the next day joined in the second battle at Romney. They remained at Romney until the 7th of January, 1862, when they attacked the rebels at Blue Gap, and drove them from a fortified position. On the 11th of March, the regiment moved to Winchester, where it remained until the 24th, when it engaged in the pursuit of " Stonewall " Jackson, who had been defeated the day previous at Kernstown. On the 17th of April, it moved to New Market, and, on the 27th, to Moor's farm, near Harrisonsburg. where it remained until the 5th of May, and then returned to New Market. On the 12th, it left New Market and marched for Fredericksburg where it arrived on the 22d, but was ordered back the neat day, and reached Front Royal on the 30th driving the enemy from that place. Ii moved to Luray on the 7th of June, and from there made a forced march to Port Republic where it arrived in time to cover the retreat of the Federal forces. On the 29th of June, the regiment moved to Alexandria, from where it embarked for the Peninsula, arriving at Harrison's Landing on the 1st of July. It remained here until the 15th of August, when it marched to Newport News, via Charles City, Williamsburg and Yorktown, and 286 - HISTORY OF DELAWARE COUNTY. on the 27th, returned to Alexandria. On the 29th, it marched to Centerville, and, on the 2d of September to Fort Gaines, whence it moved to Harper's Ferry. On the 30th of October, it broke camp and crossed the Shenandoah, and marched successively to Gregory's Gap, to Rectortown, Piedmont, Salem, Warrenton, and Falmouth, Va., where it remained in camp until the 12th of December, at which time, under command of Col. Mason, it crossed the Rapidan into Fredericksburg, and was thrown to the front as skirmishers, and held that position until the neat day, when the desperate charge was made through the streets of Fredericksburg. Its loss in this disastrous affair was 5 officers and 43 enlisted men, either killed or wounded. After this fight, the regiment went into its old quarters at Falmouth, where it continued until the 28th of April, 1863, when it participated in Hooker's movement on Chancellorsville. It lost in this battle, killed and wounded, 78 out of 352 engaged. On the 6th of May it went back to its old camp at Falmouth. On the 1st of July, it reached Gettysburg, and participated in that memorable battle. It was one of the three regiments that drove the rebels from Cemetery Hill after they had driven a part of the Eleventh Corps from the field. It lost. in the engagement 3 commissioned officers and 34 enlisted men, killed and wounded. After the battle, the regiment, with its brigade and division, marched in pursuit of the flying enemy, passing through Frederick City, Crampton's Gap, etc., crossing the Potomac at Harper's Ferry on the 18th, and marching through Woodbury, Bloomfield and Uppeville, finally returning to Elk River on the 1st of August. Here it remained until the 20th, when it went to New York to quell the riotous spirit then prevailing there. On the 6th of September, it took passage for Virginia, and again a series of marches commenced, embracing Fairfax Court House, Bristol Station, Bealton, Brandy Station, Cedar Mountain and Robinson's Run, where it arrived on the 17th of September. On the 26th of September, it crossed the Rapidan at Germania Ford, and, on the 27th, at Robinson's Cross Roads, had a skirmish with the rebels, suffering a loss of 28 killed and wounded. February 6, 1864, the regiment moved to Morton's Ford, on the Rapidan, crossed the river and had a skirmish with the enemy, in which seventeen men were wounded. The next day, it returned to camp, near Stevensburg. where it remained until the latter part of August, when it moved with the forces of Gen, Grant, participating in the skirmishes and battles of that arduous campaign. In the early part of September, the term of service having expired, the main part of the regiment was mustered out. Those who had re-enlisted as veterans were retained and organized into the "Fourth Ohio Battalion." To briefly sum up the movements of the Fourth Infantry: " It marched 1,975 miles, and traveled by railroad and transport 2,279 miles, making an aggregate of 4,254 miles traveled. Through its entire career it maintained its reputation for discipline, efficiency in drill, and good conduct on the field of battle."* It was first brigaded with the Ninth Ohio and How's Battery, Fourth United States Artillery, in July, 1861, Col. Robert McCook commanding. In January, 1862, a new brigade was formed, consisting of the Fourth and Eighth Ohio Infantry, Clark's Battery, Fourth United States Artillery, Damm's First Virginia Battery, Robinson's and Huntington's First Ohio Batteries, known as the Artillery Brigade of Lander's Division, commanded by Col. J. S. Mason. When the division was re-organized (Gen. Shields assumed command after the death of Lander), the Fourth and Eighth Ohio, Fourteenth Indiana and Seventh Virginia Volunteers constituted the First Brigade of Shields' Division, Col. Kimball, of the Fourteenth Indiana, commanding. In 1862, Kimball's brigade was ordered to join the Army of the Potomac, where it was assigned to the Second Army Corps as an independent brigade. Gen. Kimball retained command of the brigade until he was wounded at Fredericksburg, where Col. Mason succeeded to the command. Gen. Mason was relieved in January, 1863, when Col. Brooks, of the Fifty-third Pennsylvania Volunteers, was assigned. In April, 1863, Col. S. S. Carroll, of the Eighth Ohio, relieved Col. Brooks, and retained command until the brigade was mustered out. Says the Delaware Gazette: " A contemporary thus remarks of the gallant Fourth : ' No better or braver regiment ever left the State to encounter the foe in this unholy rebellion than the Fourth Ohio.' Its proud record forms part of the history of the early operations in Western Virginia, and nearly all the sanguinary battle-fields upon which the Army of the Potomac has encountered the enemy. They went into the recent battles, under Grant, with 300 effective men, and came out with ninety-one." Two of the original officers of * Reid. HISTORY OF DELAWARE COUNTY. - 287 the Fourth, from this county, viz., Capt. Powell and Lieut. Jones, came out of the struggle Brigadier Generals. The former, Gen. Powell, is more particularly noticed with the Sixty-sixth, of which regiment he was Lieutenant Colonel. The Twentieth Infantry was the next regiment in which Delaware County was represented. Many facts pertaining to its history were contributed by Maj. C. H. McElroy, one of its original officers. The regiment was organized for the three years' service, at Camp Chase, in September, 1861. Charles Whittlesey, of Cleveland, was Colonel ; M. F. Force (now Judge), of Cincinnati, Lieutenant Colonel, and J. N. McElroy, of Delaware (now deceased), Major. Delaware County was represented in the regiment by Company D, which was recruited. in August, by C. H. McElroy, to the number of fifty men, with whom he reported to Col. Whittlesey, at Camp Chase, and was assigned as Company G, and mustered into the service. V. T. Hills was commissioned as Second Lieutenant, under which authority he returned to Delaware, and recruited the company to its full number, and the assignment was then made as Company D. At that time, the officers were elected by the companies, and, upon the organization of Company D, the officers were elected as follows: C. H. McElroy, Captain ; V. T. Hills, First Lieutenant, and Henry Sherman, Second Lieutenant. The company soon became one of the best drilled and disciplined in the regiment. It was composed of fine material, and had the advantage possessed by but few companies in the county at that day, that of a captain who had sufficient practical military education to enable him to drill and discipline the company. When the colors were received by the regiment, the commandant designated Company D, as the best-disciplined company, to receive the colors and escort them to him. It was detailed at different times for hazardous and responsible duties, among them, that on board the steamer McGill with prisoners from Fort Donelson. The balance of the regiment left with prisoners on Sunday ( the day of the surrender), and thus Company D was assigned to the McGill, which was the store boat, and laid alongside o Gen. Grant's boat, transferring stores and taking on prisoners, until Thursday, when, with 1,210 prisoners, including over ninety officers, and sixty-six of Company D, with its officers, without any escort or relief, the boat put down stream for Cairo. The General appreciated the risk, but could not do any better, and gave Capt. McElroy sole command of the boat. One regiment of the prisoners had been recruited along the banks of the river, and it was believed possible to overcome the light guard, run the boat ashore, and the captives become the captors. With a rebel pilot, and a steamboat captain in sympathy, they did succeed in running the boat ashore twice, but failed in the rest of the conspiracy, and were finally landed at Cairo. The company was relieved and ordered into quarters. While lying here, nearly the entire company was stricken down with diarrhoea, and some of them, among them Lieut. Hills, was seriously ill. In a few days, however, they commenced to improve, and when Col. Force came, some ten days later, with five companies, Company D was able to join the regiment. Ambrose Cowan was the first death in the company, and died soon after the arrival at Crump's Landing ; Corporal Perfect died in camp at Pittsburg Landing. The company, with five other companies of the regiment, left Cairo, on board the Continental, for Pittsburg Landing, and was actively engaged there in the second day's battle. Early in the morning of the second day, Company D was sent to the point of a hill, in advance of the Federal lines, and ordered to hold the position at all hazards until the main army could come up. After the line had passed, Company D was ordered up and took its place in the ranks. From Pittsburg Landing, it, with its regiment, went to Bolivar, Tenn., and on the 30th of August, 1862, they had a severe fight there. The brigade, with a section of a battery, fought all day with fifteen regiments of cavalry, under the rebel Gens. Armstrong and Jackson, and at sundown the enemy withdrew. In January, 1863, the Twentieth was in Memphis, where the Seventeenth Corps was organized under command of Gen. McPherson, and the Twentieth was in Gen. Logan's division of that corps. From there to Lake Providence, La., and thence to the rear of Vicksburg, having a severe battle at Raymond, where the Twentieth was engaged in a fire so close that muskets crossed, and many of the killed were burned with powder. L. C. Sherman was killed here, and several wounded. The regiment was constantly engaged in fights and skirmishes until the line investing Vicksburg was established. At Champion Hill, two regiments adjoining the Twentieth recoiled before a massed column of the enemy; the Twen tietb, with ammunition nearly gone, fixed bayonets and held their ground, until the Sixty-eighth Ohio came up in support, bringing ammunition, and the 288 - HISTORY OF DELAWARE COUNTY. enemy was repulsed. Capts. Hills and Virgil Williams were wounded here; the latter afterward died from the wound. During the siege, the Twentieth accompanied Gen. Blair in a reconnaissance up the Yazoo River, and afterward formed a part of Gen. Sherman's army of observation, watching Gen. Johnston. After the siege, a gold medal was awarded Col. Force, and a.silver medal to Private John Alexander, of Company D, for special acts of bravery. The latter was afterward wounded, and, at the same time, David W. Thomas was mortally wounded. The regiment veteranized, and, after the expiration of the veteran furlough, experienced a varied service of several months, when it joined Sherman's army on the 9th of June, 1864. On the 22d of July, the regiment was engaged in a desperate fight, being attacked in front and rear. They fought with fixed bayonets, clubbed guns, and the officers with their swords. Here McPherson fell, and Col. Force was shot in the f face, and supposed at the time to be mortally wounded, but recovered. Chauncy Smith was taken prisoner and sent to Andersonville, and detained several months in that wretched hole. Although he lived until 1879, his death resulted from disease contracted there. The Twentieth was with Sherman on his march to the sea; its history from that time varying not from that of that army some fighting, and a great deal of toil, especially through the lower part of South Carolina. With Sherman's army, the regiment marched home, passed in review at Washington, and was then sent to Louisville, Ky., and, on the 13th of July, 1865, left for Camp Chase for final muster-out.. First Lieut. H. Wilson, of Company I, at the organization of the regiment, was mustered out as its Colonel. One of our best superior officers has said of this regiment: " The Twentieth Ohio was never taken by surprise, was never thrown into confusion, and never gave back under fire." It may be added, that it took every point that it was ordered to take, and held every position it was ordered to hold. Of the field officers of the Twentieth-Col. Whittlesey resigned April 19, 1862 ; Lieut. Col. Force was promoted to Brigadier General for bravery in the field. Maj. J. W. McElroy (now deceased) was appointed Lieutenant Colonel of Sixtieth Battalion, which command did distinguished services in the battles of the Wilderness, and in front of Petersburg. After the war he was appointed Captain in the Eighth United States Cavalry, and brevetted Lieutenant Colonel for gallant services in the North California Indian wars. Of the changes in the company from Delaware County-C. H. McElroy was appointed Major in the Ninety-sixth Ohio Volunteers, in August, 1862 Lieut. V. T. Hills was promoted to Captain, and honorably discharged March 25, 1864 ; Sergt. J L. Dunlevy was promoted to Second Lieutenant and honorably discharged in April, 1864 ; Sergt A. W. Humiston was appointed Sergeant Major of the regiment, promoted to Second Lieutenant, First Lieutenant, and succeeded Capt. Hills as Captain of the company ; Corp. J. F. Curren, promoted to Sergeant Major; transferred and appointed Adjutant of the Sixtieth, and lost his right arm in front of Petersburg. He is now Postmaster of Delaware. Sergt. H. O. Dwight was promoted to Adjutant; was tendered, but declined, further promotion. He was one of the youngest men of the company, but had no superior as a soldier, Lieut. Henry Sherman was honorably discharged March 5, 1862. The company lost, by disease, wounds, and killed in battle, 22: discharged on account of wounds and other disabilities ( many of whom have since died), 31 ; and 5 promoted and transferred to other commands. The Twenty-sixth Infantry contained some material from this county. Company C was a Delaware County Company, and was mustered into the three years service in August, 1861, with the following commissioned officers: Jesse Meredith, Captain; E. A. Hick, First Lieutenant; and Wm. Clark, Second Lieutenant. The Twenty-sixth was organized at Camp Chase in the summer of 1861. As soon as its number way complete and its organization fully effected, it was ordered to the Upper Kanawha Valley, where its first active service was performed. The regiment remained in that valley until the next January, occupied most of the time in scouting duty. In the movement of Gen. Rosecrans on Sewell Mountain, the Twenty-sixth led the advance, and brought up the retreat from that point. In the early part of 1862, it was transferred from the Department of West Virginia to the Department of the Ohio, afterward the Department of the Cumberland. It, was brigaded with the Fifteenth, Seventeenth and Fiftieth Indiana Regiments, under command of Col. M. S. Hascall (soon after made Brigadier General) and placed in Gen. Wood's division, of which it constituted a part until October, 1863. After the capture of Fort Donelson, the Twenty-sixth Regiment formed a part of the col- HISTORY OF DELAWARE COUNTY. - 289 umn of advance on Nashville, and shared in the forced marches, hardships and privations of Gen. Buell's army in its advance to Pittsburg Landing to relieve Gen. Grant. In the advance from Shiloh, through the swamps of Northern Mississippi, upon Corinth, the Twenty-sixth occupied the front line, and was among the first to enter the place. About the last of August, 1862, the regiment, together with the Seventeenth and Fifty-eighth Indiana, about fourteen hundred strong, commanded by Col. Fyffe, had a slight engagement near McMinnville, Tenn., with Forrest's brigade of cavalry. In the memorable forced marches of Buell and Brag-, from the Tennessee to the Ohio, and thence toward Cumberland Gap, in the fall of 1862, the Twenty-sixth performed its whole duty. On the 26th of December, 1862, during the advance of Gen. Rosecrans against Murfreesboro', and in the engagement which followed. the Twenty-sixth, under Maj. Squires, supported in part by the Fifty-eighth Indiana. made a gallant and successful charge, storming and driving from a strong position in the village of La Vergne a far larger force of the enemy, that for many hours had held the left wins, of the army at bay, and seriously impeded the execution of the movement., in progress. At the battle of Stone River. the regiment was one of several which stood firm against the charge of the rebels on the 26th, when three-fourths of the -National force oil the right had given away and were in full retreat. Although for many hours, the columns of the enemy were hurled against it, yet it stood its ground, firm as a rock. It was this regiment which "formed the apex of that little convex line of battle that all Bragg's victorious army could nut break or bend." In this sanguinary engagement it lost one-third of its number in killed and wounded. The Twenty-sixth bore a conspicuous and honorable part in the advance on Brag's lines at Tullahoma and Shelbyville, and at Chattanooga, in December, 1863; it led the advance of Crittenden's corps (which first entered the place), Col. Young leading the regiment in skirmish line over the northern bluff of Lookout Mountain. At Chickamaugua it was in the thickest and bloodiest of the fight, where it acquitted itself with honor, losing nearly three-fifths of its force engaged. " Col. Young's horse and equipments were badly cut up with bullets. Capt. Ewing (Acting Major) had his horse killed under him and was himself wounded and captured. Capt. Ross, Lieuts. Williams, Burbridge and Ruby, were killed, and Capts Hamilton and Potter, and Lieuts. Platt, Hoye Morrow and Shotwell, wounded. Company I lost all its officers, and twenty-one out of twenty four men. At the storming of Mission Ridge the gallant Twenty-sixth maintained its good reputation. It occupied nearly the center of the front line of assault, and was then called upon to sustain the concentrated fire of the rebel circular line, o forty cannon and thousands of muskets. Says war chronicle: ;' The assault was made in the face of a terrible fire, and the column worked it way slowly and painfully, yet steadily and unfalteringly, up the long and rugged slope of that blazing, smoking, jarring, blood-drenched and death laden mountain, fighting its way step by step every minute becoming weaker by the exhaustive outlay of strength in so prolonged a struggle, and thinner by the murderous fire of the foe from above, until, with less than half the command with the entire color-guard disabled, the Colonel bearing his own colors, spurred his foaming any bleeding horse over the enemy's works, and the threw down their arms, abandoned their guns, ant gave themselves to precipitate flight." In this action the Twenty-sixth captured about fift prisoners and two cannon. Later in the day, it with the Fifteenth Indiana, under command of Col. Young, captured a six-gun battery the enemy: were endeavoring to carry off in their retreat, and flanked and dislodged a strong body of the enemy who with two heavy guns were attempting to hold in check the National forces until their tram could be withdrawn. In this battle, the regimen lost about one-fourth of its strength in killed any wounded. It was now reduced from 1,000 men to less than 200, but with this handful, the moved with the Fourth Corps to the siege of Knoxville. None but those who participate know the hardships of that campaign. The marched barefoot over frozen ground, and camper without shelter in midwinter, and were half dresses and half fed. Yet, under all these discouraging circumstances, in January, 1864, the regiment (o what was left of it) re-enlisted almost to a man It was the first regiment in the Fourth Arm Corps to re-enlist, and the first to arrive home of veteran furlough. On its return to the field, it was in Sherman' campaign against Atlanta ; also at Resaca, Kenesaw, Peach Tree Creek, Jonesboro, and all the minor engagements of that period. It participate in the battle of Franklin, Tenn., and in all then 290 - HISTORY OF DELAWARE COUNTY. engagements maintained well its fighting reputation. It also participated in the short Texas campaign in 1865, and endured considerable hardships in the long and severe march across the country, from Port Laraca to San Antonio. On the 21st of October, 1865, the regiment was mustered out of service. Capt. Meredith, of the Delaware County company, resigned in 1862 ; Lieut. Hicks, who succeeded him as Captain, also resigned in 1862. William Clark, who went into the service as Second Lieutenant of the Delaware company, was mustered out as Colonel of the regiment. Company E, of the Thirty-first Infantry, was partly recruited in this county. D. C. Rose went out as Captain of the company, and Milton B. Harmon, of Berlin Township, as Second Lieutenant. The latter officer was mustered out of the service at the close of the war, as Lieutenant Colonel of the regiment. The Thirty-first was organized at Camp Chase in the early part of the fall of 1861. On the 27th of September, it received marching orders, and reported to Brig. Gen. Mitchell at Cincinnati. On the 30th it left Cincinnati, and on the 2d of October arrived at Camp Dick Robinson, Ky., where it underwent a thorough course of drill. It remained here until the 12th of December. when it moved to Somerset,, and on the 19th of January, 1862, it marched to the assistance of Gen. Thomas, at Mill Springs, but arrived too late to take part in the fight. Here it was assigned to the First Brigade, First Division, Army of the Ohio, and embarked via the Ohio and Cumberland Rivers, for Nashville. Upon their arrival, there were but 500 effective men, the others being upon the sick list. The regiment participated in the battle of Corinth, and, after the evacuation, marched forty miles in pursuit. of the rebels, then returned to camp near Corinth. It spent its Fourth of July in Tuscumbia, Ala., and celebrated it appropriately. It was here that the regiment was divided into detachments, two companies being sent to Decatur and one to Trinity. On the 22d it moved to Huntsville by way of Decatur. After the brigade, to which it belonged. had crossed the river, a messenger arrived with the information that the detachment at Trinity, consisting of but twenty-eight men had been attacked by between two and three hundred mounted rebels. The detachment succeeded in repulsing the rebels, but lost one-half of their number in killed and wounded. The regiment was occupied principally on guard duty, until the campaign of Buell and Bragg, to Louisville, Ky., when it was attached to Buell's army, and participated in that memorable movement. At the battle of Perryville it was under fire, but not actively enraged. After the battle, the army continued its march to Nashville, whence it moved to Murfreesboro. The brigade to which the Thirty-first belonged was left near Stewart's Creek. While in camp at this point, it was reported that the rebels were pillaging the train at La Vergne. The Thirty-first, and two other regiments, marched back rapidly, attacked the rebels and drove them off, killing, wounding and capturing a large number. The Thirty-first was actively engaged in the battle of Stone River, where it acquitted itself with honor. On the 23d of June, 1863, it started on the Tullahoma campaign, and. on the 26th, in connection with the Seventeenth Ohio, was engaged at Hoover's Gap. The advance continued through Tullahoma to Chattanooga. The Thirty-first participated in both days' fight at Chickamauga, where it suffered severely. Its next engagement was at Brown's Ferry. Soon after this was the battle of Mission Ridge, where it was one of the foremost regiments to bear the loyal standard into the enemy's works. About this time the regiment re-enlisted, and returned home on a thirty days' furlough. While at home 374 recruits were obtained, again swelling the regiment to 800 effective men. It returned to the field upon the expiration of its furlough, and, on the 7th of May, 1864, engaged in the Atlanta campaign. On the 14th, it was in the battle of Resaca, where it lost heavily. After the fall of Atlanta, it marched in pursuit of Hood, but abandoned the pursuit at Gaylesville, Ala., where the troops rested afew days and then returned to Atlanta. It moved with Sherman's army toward the sea, and passed through Decatur, thence through Monticello to Milledgeville, where the arsenal, and considerable arms and ammunition, were destroyed. The march was continued until 12th of December, without note, when the works around Savannah were reached. After the surrender of the city. the regiment remained in camp until the 20th of February, 1865, when it engaged, in the campaign of the Carolinas. After the close of hostilities, it moved to Washington City and participated in the grand review. It was then transferred to Louisville, Ky., where, on the 20th of July, 1865, it was mustered out of the service. HISTORY OF DELAWARE COUNTY. - 291 The Thirty-second Infantry contained a company of Delaware County men, viz.. Company I. Capt. .Jay Dyer. The company was recruited in the summer of 1861. In April, 1862. Capt. Dyer resigned. and Elijah B. Adams, who entered as Second Lieutenant. became Captain. He was wounded at Harper's Ferry, and was honorably discharged January 30, l864. This was one of the first regiments raised in the State on the basis of the three years' service. It first rendezvoused at Camp Bartley, near Mansfield, but before completion was transferred to Camp Dennison, where it was fully organized. equipped. and sent to the field in command of Col. Thomas H. Ford, formerly Lieutenant Governor of the State. On the 15th of September it left Camp Dennison for West Virginia, and arrived at Beverly on the 22d of the same month. Col. Ford reported to Brit. Gen. Reynolds. then commanding the district of Cheat Mountain. and was assigned to the forces stationed on Cheat Mountain Summit, with Col. Nathan Kimball, of the Fourteenth Indiana Volunteers, colt commanding the post. Here, upon the rugged heights of Cheat Mountain, it. received its first lesson in the art of war. On the 3d of October 1861, it led the advance of the army against Greenbrier, Va., through the mountains and pines of that region by midnight. The regiment remained at Greenbrier during the fall of 1861, watching the movements of the enemy, commanded by the afterward renowned Confederate General R. E. Lee. In Gen. Milroy's advance on Camp Alleghany, in December, the Thirty-second under command of Capt. Hamilton, acquitted itself with honor. Its loss was four killed and fourteen wounded. It continued with Gen. Milroy's s command, and moved in the advance of the expedition which resulted it the capture of Camp Alleghany, Huntersville, Monterey, and McDowell. In the skirmishes with Stonewall Jackson, including, the battle of Bull Pasture Mountain, the regiment lost six killed and fifty-three wounded-some mortally. In Gen. Fremont's pursuit of Jackson up the Shenandoah Valley, the Thirty-second bore its part, and participated in the battles of Cross Keys and Port Republic, on the 8th and 9th of June, 1862. The last of June it was transferred to Piatt's brigade, and moved to Winchester, where it remained until the 1st of September, when it proceeded to Harper's Ferry, and assisted in the defense of that place. After making a hard fight and losing one hundred and fifty of its number, it, with the entire force engaged, was surrendered to the enemy as prisoners of war. The regiment was paroled and sent to Annapolis, Md., and thence to Chicago, Ill. Here it became almost completely demoralized. It had not been paid for eight months, and many of the men went home to look after their families. Finally, Gov. Tod got permission from the War Department to transfer to Camp Taylor, near Cleveland. He appointed Capt. B. F. Potts Lieutenant Colonel of the regiment, and that energetic officer went to work to reconstruct it, and soon restored it to its former high standing. On the 12th of January, 1863, the men were paid in full and declared to be "exchanged," and, on the 18th, orders were received to proceed to Memphis and report to Gen. Grant, then commanding the Department of the Tennessee. On the 20th of February, the Thirty-second moved with the army to Lake Providence, La., and during the operations against Vicksburg took a prominent part. At the battle of Champion Hills it made a bayonet charge and captured the First Mississippi rebel battery, with a loss of twenty-four men. The total loss of the regiment during the siege of Vicksburg was 225 rank and file. In August, 1863, it accompanied Stephenson's expedition to Monroe, La., and McPherson's expedition to Brownsville, Miss., in October of the same year. It was also with Sherman in February, 1864, at Meridian, where it lost twenty-two men. In December and January. 1863-64, more than three-fourths of the regiment re-enlisted as veterans, and, on the 4th of March, 1864, was sent home on a furlough. It rejoined the army at Cairo, Ill., in April, with its ranks largely swelled with recruits. On the 27th of April, it embarked at Cairo, with its division and corps, landing at Clifton, and proceeded to Acworth, Ga., where it joined Gen. Sherman on the 10th of June. During Sherman's advance against Atlanta, the Thirty-second participated in the battles of Kenesaw Mountain and Nickajack Creek, also in the battles of July 20, 21, 22 and 28 before Atlanta, and lost more than half its number in killed and wounded. After the fall of Atlanta, the regiment moved with the army in pursuit of Hood, after which it joined Gen. Sherman and accompanied him on his march to the sea. It participated in the operations at Savannah and in the campaign into the Carolinas, and, after the cessation of hostilities, proceeded to Washington, where it remained until June 8, 1865, when it took cars for Louisville. Here, on the 20th, it was mustered out of the service; sent 292 - HISTORY OF DELAWARE COUNTY. to Columbus, Ohio, where it was paid off and received its final discharge. Company G, of the Forty-fifth Infantry,* was raised in Delaware County, and was mustered into the United States service at Camp Chase, August 19,1862, with the following commissioned officers: J. H. Humphrey, Captain ; J. P. Bausaman, First Lieutenant, and D. J. Jones, Second Lieutenant. The regiment left Camp Chase on the 20th day of August., crossed the Ohio River into Kentucky and became a part of the Army of the Ohio, under command of Gen. Wright. When Gens. Bragg and Kirby Smith invaded Kentucky, the first duty of the Forty-fifth was guarding the Kentucky Central Railroad; after that it went into camp at Lexington, Ky., and was placed in the brigade of Gen. Green Clay Smith (Gen. Gilmore's division). Early in the winter of 1863, the regiment was mustered, and took an active part in the campaign in Kentucky during that spring and summer, participating in the battles of Dutton's Hill, Monticello and at Captain West's, where Company G lost some good men, among them Lieut. Jones, who was severely wounded, and George Linnaberry. When Gen. Morgan made his raid through Indiana and Ohio, the Forty-fifth, forming a part of Col. Wolford's brigade of mounted infantry and cavalry; followed him from Jamestown, Ky" and took part in, the engagement at Buffington's Island and Cheshire, where most of Morgan's army surrendered. The command was pushed back to Kentucky, as that State had been invaded by the rebel Gen. Scott. In the fall of 1863, Gen. Burnside entered East Tennessee, and on that campaign the Forty-fifth formed for a time a part of Col. Byrd's brigade, Gen. Carter's division, but, soon after entering Tennessee, was transferred back to Wolford's brigade, and, while stationed at Philadelphia, the brigade was surrounded by a large force of the enemy. The command cut its way out, but lost many men killed, wounded and taken prisoner. The Forty-fifth again suffered severely south of Knoxville. Being for the time dismounted, they were attacked by a large cavalry force, and many of Company G, came up missing, among them Sergt. Robert S. McIlvaine, who was killed and his body recovered the next day. He was a gallant soldier-one of the best in the company, and had been recommended for a lieutenancy. He died beloved by all. A few days later; the division commanded by Gen. * The facts pertaining to this sketch were furnished mostly by Col. Humphrey. Saunders was covering the retreat of Burnside's army from Lenore Station, toward Knoxville, hard pushed by Longstreet. The order was to hold the enemy in check as long as possible, so as to complete the defenses of Knoxville. The Union troops took position on a hill south of the town, where the enemy in force charged them, mortally wounding Gen. Saunders and Lieut. Fearns ; the latter was First Lieutenant of Company G. During the siege of Knoxville, the Forty-fifth occupied a position south of the Holston River, and when the siege was raised by Sherman's advance, the regiment followed the retreating army toward Virginia. In the spring of 1864, the regiment was dismounted and ordered to join Sherman at Dalton, Ga., and was then assigned to the First Brigade, Second Division, Twenty-third Army Corps. It participated in the battle of Resaca, where it suffered severely. About the 1st of July it was transferred to the Fourth Army Corps, and served with that body until the close of the war. It participated in the battle of Kenesaw Mountain and all the battles from that time until the fall of Atlanta. The regiment came back with Gen. Thomas, and took part in the bloody battle of Franklin, Tenn., where the whole of Hood's army was hurled against the Twenty-third and Fourth Corps. This, considering the number of men engaged, was one of the most terrific battles of the war. It was in the two days' fighting in front of Nashville, when Thomas' army completely routed the enemy. After following Hood's army (or what wits left of it) across the Tennessee River, the Forty-fifth went into camp at Huntsville, Ala., and, just before the surrender of Lee, it, with the Fourth Corps, was ordered to Bull's Gap, in East Tennessee, near the Virginia line, and was there ,when the surrender took place. The regiment returned to Nashville from Bull's Gap, and was there mustered out of the service on the 12th of June, 1865, the war having closed. Of the original officers of Company G, Capt. Humphrey. who went out its Captain, was with the regiment during its whole term of service, and was in command more than half of that time. He wits promoted to Lieutenant Colonel. October 12, 1864 and afterward to Colonel. and was in command when the regiment was mustered out. Lieut. D. J. Jones was wounded at the battle of Dutton Hill, in the spring of 1863, and was discharged. First Lieut. Bausaman resigned early in the fall of 1862, and Second Lieut. D. J. Jones was promoted to the position thus made vacant. R. H. HISTORY OF DELAWARE COUNTY. - 293 Humphrey, a brother of Col. Humphrey, who had originally enlisted in Company C. Fourth Infantry, in April, 1861, and had been appointed Quartermaster Sergeant of that regiment, was. on the resignation of Lieut. Bausaman, and the promotion of Second Lieut. Jones, transferred to Company G of the Forty-fifth as Second Lieutenant, and reached the regiment in December. 1862. His knowledge of the Quartermaster's Department was at once recognized, and he was appointed Brigade Acting Assistant Quartermaster, and from that to Division Quartermaster. When Gen. Sturgis assumed command of the cavalry of the Army of the Ohio, Lieut. Humphrey was appointed Chief Quartermaster. and served in that capacity on Brig. Gen. Sturges' and Maj. Gen. Stoneman's staffs, until the latter was captured in the summer of 1864, near Macon, Ga. W. M. Williams, who enlisted as a private in Company G. was, for gallant services at the battle of Monticello. Ky., promoted to Second Lieutenant. afterward to First Lieutenant, and later to Captain, and brevetted Major. After the close of the war, he was appointed Second Lieutenant in the United States Army, and is still in the service. having been promoted to First Lieutenant. A. G. Henderson who entered the service as Orderly Sergeant of Company G. was promoted to Second Lieutenant. and afterward to First Lieutenant, then to Captain and came home with the regiment. Many members of Company G died prisoners of war among theirs Robert A. McIlvaine, of Radnor. Jacob Stump, of Genoa. and Hiram McRaney, of Harlem Township. Company B, of the Forty-eighth Infantry, was recruited in the autumn of 1861, mostly in Delaware County, by William L. Warner and Joseph W. Lindsey, the latter of whom furnished us the leading facts for this sketch. Messrs. Warner and Lindsey had both enlisted at the outbreak of the war, in Company C, Capt. Crawford, Fourth Ohio Infantry, and served several months in West Virginia, receiving their "baptism of fire " at Rich Mountain, the first battle of the war. Company B, with the Forty-eighth Regiment, was mustered into the service of the United States at Camp Dennison in December, 1861, with the following commissioned officers: William L. Warner, Captain; Joseph W. Lindsey, First Lieutenant, and David W. Plyley, Second Lieutenant. Of the non-commissioned officers, a Sergeant and two Corporals, viz., Reed, Shannon and Reddick. were not of Delaware County, but represented about twenty enlisted men from Brown County, recruited there to fill up the company. The regiment was completed and ordered to the field in February, 1862, descending the Ohio to Paducah, where it remained for a short time. On the 8th of March, it embarked on the steamer Empress and proceeded up the Tennessee River to Pittsburg Landing, where it arrived on the 14th, and participated in the great battle of Shiloh on the 6th and 7th of April. Company B suffered severely in these engagements. In the first volley fired in the battle of the 6th, Private Aaron Sales was killed. During this day's fight, Privates E. J. Hill, L. Mallott and William James were mortally wounded; the first two died on the field, and the latter a few days after on the hospital boat. Many others were wounded, among them, Lieuts. Lindsey and Plyley, the latter severely. The company was again engaged on Monday, the 7th, and, on the last charge on the retiring foe, Capt. Warner, who had escaped unhurt in the first day's fight, was shot through the head and killed. On Tuesday morning, the 8th of April, the Forty-eighth was ordered in pursuit of the retreating rebels, and, after a day of intense hardship, returned to camp. While remaining in camp here, the regiment suffered severe loss from sickness; at one time, an officer was detached from another company to command Company B, which death and sickness had left without a commissioned officer. The Forty-eighth took an active part in the siege of Corinth, and after that went on the expedition to Holly Springs. After various marches through Northern Mississippi and Western Tennessee, it reached Memphis about the middle of summer (1862), where the officers of Company B Capt. Lindsey (who had been promoted since the death of Capt. Warner), and Lieuts. Plyley and Nevins joined it. The regiment remained here until late in December, doing provost duty, and was then ordered on the "Castor Oil expedition," down the Mississippi, and, early in January, found itself in the Yazoo Bottom, participating in the disastrous attack on Chickasaw Bluffs. Its next active service was at Arkansas Post and Fort Hyndman, where about seven thousand rebels were captured, on the 11th of January, 1863. It next went to Young's Point, La., where Capt: Lindsey come minded the regiment, the field officers being absent. Lieut. Plyley was detailed on the Signal Corps; Lieut. Nevins resigned, leaving Company B in command of Sergeant Reed, who was soon after promoted to Second Lieutenant. 294 - HISTORY OF DELAWARE COUNTY. The next move of the regiment was to Milliken's Bend, about the end of February, where it remained until April, and then set out on the march. finally arriving at James' Plantation, below Vicksburg, on the Mississippi River. Thence it moved at midnight, on a rapid march, and the next day took part in the battle of Port Gibson. During the siege of Vicksburg it was engaged in various and arduous duties and much of the time exposed to great danger. On the 22d of May. it suffered severely in the assault made upon the rebel works around the doomed city. The Colonel being absent. and the Lieutenant Colonel and the Major both being wounded. the command of the regiment lot again devolved on Capt. Lindsey. Early in September, the Forty-eighth was transferred, with the Thirteenth Corps, to the Department of the Gulf. and for a while stationed at Carrolton. a suburb of New Orleans. While in this department the regiment re-enlisted as veterans, under General Order 291, from the War Department. Under this order it was entitled to a thirty days' furlough in the State of Ohio, but this was refined by Gen. Banks on the pretext that the exigencies of the times would not permit it. It took part in the Red River expedition, and was at the battle of Sabine Cross Roads on the 8th of April, 1864, where it suffered severe loss, and was finally captured, thus going oil a captivity of several months instead of a furlough to Ohio. In the following November it was exchanged, and granted a veteran furlough after its return to New Orleans. In January 1865, the regiment, under orders from Gen. Canby, commanding the department, was consolidated with the Eighty-third Ohio. a non-veteran regiment - which was heartily resented by the veterans. The consolidated regiment was at once sent to Florida, where it took part in the Mobile campaign. and was engaged in the battle of Fort Blakely, one of the last of the war. After the term of the Eighty-third had expired the Forty-eighth Veterans were organized into the "Forty-eighth Ohio Veteran Battalion," consisting of four companies, under command of Lieut. Col. J. R. Lynch, formerly First Sergeant of Company B. and kept on provost duty in Texas about Galveston, nearly a year after the close of the war, when they were finally mustered out and discharged, in the summer of 1866. William L. Warner, the first Captain of Company B (of the Forty-eighth), who was killed at the, battle of Shiloh, was a son of Rev. Lorenzo Warner, of the Methodist Episcopal Church and Chaplain of the Fourth Infantry, the first regiment which drew men from Delaware County. First Lieut. Lindsey, after the death of Capt. Warner, was promoted to Captain of Company B, and, in August, 1863, was promoted to Lieutenant Colonel. First Sergeant Lynch was promoted to Second Lieutenant, then to First Lieutenant and Captain, and mustered out as Lieutenant Colonel. Sergeant Nevins was promoted to Second Lieutenant, and resigned in 18663. George L. Byers was promoted from Sergeant to First Lieutenant it, November 1864. Sergeant John K. Reed was promoted to Second and then to First Lieutenant. Jacob H. Smith was promoted from Corporal to Sergeant and then to Lieutenant. There may have been ether promotions which have escaped our attention. The Sixty-sixth Infantry was the next regiment in which Delaware County was represented by any considerable number of men Companies E and K were made up entirely in this county. The following were the original officers of Company E: T. J. Buxton, Captain: Llewellen Powell, First Lieutenant and John W. Watkins, Second Lieutenant and of Company K. J. H. Van Doman, Captain ; Wilson Martin, First Lieutenant, and W. A. Sampson. Second Lieutenant. At the organization of the regiment, Eugene Powell who had entered the service at the beginning of the war as Captain of Company I. Fourth Infantry, was appointed Major. In May, 1862, Maj. Powell was promoted to Lieutenant Colonel, a position he held until March, 1865. when he was appointed Colonel of the One Hundred and Ninety-third Ohio. He was afterward made Brigadier General for meritorious service. Referring too this latter promotion the Delaware Gazette of July 14, 1865. says: "Col. Eugene Powell, of this city, formerly of the Sixty-sixth Regiment has been promoted to the rank of Brigadier General. No more deserving young man entered the service from our State, and none has better discharged his duties than he. We rejoice to know that his merit has been recognized and rewarded. The Brigadier's star is most worthily bestowed in his case and he will wear it with home, to himself and to the service." In July 1863, the same paper contains these flattering words: "The brigade composed of the Fifth, Seventh and Sixty Ohio, and Twenty-eighth Pennsylvania, in the late battle of the Rappahannock, was commanded by Lieut, Col. Powell, who particularly distinguished himself." Lieut. Watkins of this regiment, was promoted to Captain HISTORY OF DELAWARE COUNTY. - 295 in May, 1863, a position held until mustered out. The Sixty-sixth was organized under the President's second call for troops, and was mustered into the United States Service on the 17th of December, 1861 with 850 men. On the 17th of January 1862, it left Camp McArthur, near Urbana, for West Virginia, and saw its first active service in the campaign against Romney under Gen. Lander. Gen. Shield, succeeded Gen. Lander, and the Sixty-sixth followed his division to New Market, where it was assigned to the Second Brigade. commanded by Gen. O. S. Terry. After proceeding to Harrisburg, the division was ordered to cross the Blue Ride to Fredericksburg, on the Rappahannock. At Fredericksburg, the Sixty-sixth, the Fifth, Seventh and Twenty-ninth Ohio Regiment, formed the Third Brigade, under command of Gen. E. B. Tyler. Remaining here but a day, the regiment was ordered to countermarch for the relief of Gen. Bank, in the Shenandoah Valley who was threatened by Stonewall Jackson. On the morning of the 9th of June. Gen. Tyler brigade. with two regiments of the Fourth Brigade were in line of battle awaiting the attack of Gen. Jackson. At sunrise, the enemy opened with artillery and soon made a general attack. In this fight, the Sixty-sixth took an active part in defending a battery on the left of the line, which was three times in possession of the enemy, but each time recaptured by the regiment. When the retreat was, ordered on the right, the whole line was compelled to pass at few rods behind the Sixty-sixth, while the enemy's force immediately in front consisted of a full brigade of Virginians and Wheat's battalion of Louisianians. The force under Gen. Tyler, numbering about twenty-seven hundred men, held Gen. Jackson's, army in check for five hours. In this engagement, the regiment lost 109 men of the 400 engaged. In July, the Sixty-sixth, with its brigade, was ordered to join Gen. Pope, and reported at Sperryville, where it was re-enforced by the Twenty-eighth Pennsylvania, and the whole commanded by Gen. Geary. It served in the corps of Gen. Banks at the battle of Cedar Mountain. After nightfall, the brigade to which the Sixty-sixth belonged moved forward with a handful of men, and, in a dense wood through which it passed, an ambuscade was discovered, but it was too late to retreat. In the fight which ensued, one-half of the brigade were killed and many wounded. To the Sixty-sixth, the loss was 87 killed and wounded of the 200 engaged. After the defeat at Cedar Mountain, the regiment pursued its way with the corps to Antietam, and was actively engaged in that battle. In the attack on Dumfries by Gen. Stuart, the regiment distinguished itself, and, in the battle of Chancellorsville, it held a position in front of Gen. Hooker's headquarters, and the repeated attacks made upon it were repelled with coolness and courage. In the battle of Gettysburg, it held a position near the right of the line, and after the engagement:, joined in the pursuit of Gen. Lee, which brought it again to the Rappahannock. About this time it was sent to New York to quell the riots consequent upon the draft in that State. On the 8th of September, it returned, and, shortly after, with Gen. Hooker'. army, was transferred to the Army of the Cumberland, in the vicinity of Chattanooga. In the battles of Lookout Mountain, Ringgold and Mission Ridge, the Sixty-sixth took a prominent part. In the battle of Ringgold, the First Brigade of the Second Division charged up a steep and rough mountain in the face of a heavy fire from a large force of rebels, well posted. The Sixty-sixth, under Major Thomas McConnell, carried the crest of the mountain, and held it against the forces on the summit. The regiment soon after returned to its camp near Chattanooga, where it became imbued with a high fever of enthusiasm for re-enlistment. On the 15th of December, 1863, the rolls were completed, and the old organization changed into the Sixty-sixth Regiment, Ohio Veteran Volunteers." It was among the first regimental organizations in the whole army to which the tern "veteran volunteer " was applied. After the expiration of its furlough, it was sent to Bridgeport, Ala., where it remained in camp for some time, experiencing little active service until the advance on Atlanta. The first fight of this arduous campaign took place at Rocky Face Ridge The corps of which it was a part charged the enemy on the summit, and was repulsed wit slaughter. It was engaged in the battle of Resaca, and acquitted itself with honor. During the fighting around Atlanta, the two opposing armies lay for eight days within a few rods o each other, and both lost heavily in the continuous musketry and cannonading. On the night of the 15th of June, the Sixty-sixth, while moving up ravine, was opened upon with grape and canister Under a galling fire, it moved within a hundred feet of the enemy's works, where it remained until 299 - HISTORY OF DELAWARE COUNTY the next day, when it was relieved by a new regiment. At Culp's Farm, Kenesaw, Marietta and Peach Tree Creek, the regiment acted its part nobly. After the capture of Atlanta, it was placed on duty in that city, where it remained until the army of Sherman started on its famous march to the sea. It participated in the capture of Savannah, and accompanied Sherman into the Carolinas. After the surrender of Gen. Johnston, it proceeded to Washington by way of Richmond. It was finally paid off, and mustered out of the service July 19, 1865, at Columbus. The following is given as a brief summing-up of the service of this gallant regiment: It received recruits at various times to the number of 370 (it entered originally with 850 men), and the number of men mustered out at the close of the war was 272. It lost in killed 110, and in wounded over 350. It served in 12 States, marched more than 11,000 miles, and participated in 18 battles. The Eighty-second Infantry drew a company from Delaware County, viz., Company I, of which the following were the first officers: George H. Purdy, Captain; Alfred E. Lee, First Lieutenant, and H. M. Latzenberger, Second Lieutenant. These, its original officers-Capt. Purdy was killed at Chancellorsville May 3, 1863, and Lieut. Latzenberger, after being promoted to First Lieutenant, was killed August 29, 1863. Lieut. Lee was promoted to Captain of the company after the death of Capt. Purdy, and was mustered out with the regiment at the close of the war. The Eighty-second was recruited in the fall of 1861, and, on the 31st of December, was mustered into the United States service, with an aggregate of 968 men. On the 25th of January following, it started for West Virginia, and, on the 27th, arrived at Grafton. It went into camp near the village of Fetterman, and there underwent a thorough system of training for the arduous duties before it. But few regiments from this State performed better service, or did more hard fighting, than the Eighty-second. On the 16th of March, it was assigned to Gen. Schenck's command, and sent to New Creek, and from there to Moorfield, where it arrived on the 23d. With Schenck's brigade, it moved up the South Branch Valley, and, on the 3d of May, crossed the Potomac at Petersburg. In the exciting movements about Monterey, Bull Pasture Mountain and Franklin, the Eighty-second took an active part. On the 8th of June, the army to which it belonged fought the battle of Cross Keys, but without serious loss to the Eighty-second. In the organization of the Army of Virginia, the Eighty-second was assigned to an independent brigade, under Gen. Milroy. The severe campaigning it had undergone had thinned its ranks, until it numbered but 300 men. On the 7th of August, Sigel's Corps, to which it belonged, moved toward Culpepper, and, on the following morning, halted in the woods south of the village, but was too late at Cedar Mountain to participate actively in the battle. During the fighting on the Rappahannock, Milroy's brigade (of which the Eighty-second was a part) was for ten days within hearing, and most of the time under fire of the enemy's guns. On the 21st and 22d, McDowell had severe engagements near Gainesville. In the fight of the 22d, Milroy's brigade led the advance. The Eighty-second and the Third Virginia were deployed, driving back the rebel skirmishers to their main force. In this battle the regiment suffered severely, Col. Cantwell, its commander, being killed, with the words of command and encouragement upon his lips. On the 3d of September, Sigel's Corps arrived at Fairfax Court House, and the Eighty-second was detailed for provost guard duty. In the early part of 1863, at the request of its Colonel (Robinson), it was relieved from duty at headquarters, and ordered to report to its division commander, Gen. Schurz. By him it was designated as a battalion of sharpshooters for the division, and held subject to his personal direction. The next engagement in which it participated was the sanguinary battle of Chancellorsville, on the 25th of May. It suffered terribly in this fight, at the close of which there were but 134 men with the colors. Among the dead was the gallant Capt. Purdy, of Company I. On the 10th of June, it moved with its brigade and division, on the Gettysburg campaign. In the battle which followed, the Eighty-second was placed in support of a battery. It went into action with 22 commissioned officers and 236 men ; of these, 19 officers and 147 men were killed, wounded and captured, leaving only 3 officers and 89 men. This little band brought off the colors of the regiment safely. On the 11th it was assigned to Gen. Tyndall's brigade, the First Brigade of the Third Division. The Eleventh Corps, to which the Eighty-second belonged, was transferred on the 25th of September to the Army of the Cumberland, then commanded by Gen. Hooker. The next battle of HISTORY OF DELAWARE COUNTY. - 299 consequence, in which the regiment took part, was that of Mission Ridge. It was also engaged in the Knoxville campaign and, in December following, re-enlisted as veterans. Out of 349 enlisted men present, 321 were mustered into the service as veteran volunteers, and at once started for home on furlough. It returned to the front with 200 new recruits. On the 3d of March, 1864, it joined its brigade at Bridgeport, Ala., and, in the consolidation of the Eleventh and Twelfth Corps (thus forming the Twentieth), the Eighty-second was assigned to the Third Brizade of the First Division, of this corps. On the 30th of April, 1864, the regiment, with its brigade and division, started on the Atlanta campaign, and bore an active part in most of the battles and skirmishes which followed. It particularly distinguished itself at the battles of Resaca and Kenesaw Mountain. After the capture of Atlanta, it remained in camp there until the lath of November, when it started with Sherman's army to Savannah. It took part in the siege of Savannah, and, after its fall, moved with the army into the Carolinas. While the army was at Goldsboro in April, 1865, the Eighty-second and Sixty-first Ohio were consolidated, and the new regiment thus formed denominated the Eighty-second. On the 10th, the troops moved to Raleigh, where they remained until after the surrender of Gen. Johnston. Oil the 30th of April, the corps marched for Washington. by way of Richmond, and on the 19th of May, arrived at Alexandria. It took part in the grand review at Washington on the 24th of May, after which it started for Louisville, Ky. At Parkersburg, the troops embarked on transports, and, when they arrived at Cincinnati, the boats carrying Robinson's brigade, of which the Eighty-Second was still a part, stopped a short time, and Gen. Hooker came down to the wharf. He was greeted enthusiastically by his old soldiers, and made them a brief speech. On arriving at Louisville, the regiment went into camp on Speed's plantation, south of the city, where it remained until the 25th of July. It then proceeded to Columbus, and was paid off and discharged. The Eighty-sixth Infantry was a three-months organization, and contained a company from Delaware County, which was mustered in with the following officers: A. N. Mead, Captain; E. C. Vining, First Lieutenant, and H. S. Crawford, Second Lieutenant. The regiment was recruited under the President's call for 75,000 men, made in May, 1862, and so promptly was the call responded to, that the Eighty-second was enabled to leave Camp Chase on the 16th of June for the seat of war. Upon its arrival in West Virginia, it was stationed at Grafton, where it was occupied in guard duty. On the 27th of July, four companies of the Eighty-sixth, under Lieut. Col. Hunter, were ordered to Parkersburg by Gen. Kelley, in anticipation of a raid upon that point. It remained here until August 21, when it returned to Clarksburg, in consequence of the whole regiment having received orders from Gen. Kelley to proceed to Beverly, to prevent a rebel force under Col. Jenkins from crossing Cheat Mountain for the purpose of destroying the railroad. The rebel chieftain not making his appearance at that point, the. Eighty-second was ordered back to Clarksburg. The force at Clarksburg then consisted of the Eighty-sixth Ohio, and a detachment of the Sixth Virginia, placed at different points around town, so as to make a vigorous defense in case of an attack. The term of service of the regiment having now expired, it was placed under orders for Camp Delaware, and started for that place on the 17th of September, where it arrived the next day. On the 25th it was paid in fuill, and mustered out of the United States service. Two companies of the Ninety-sixth Infantry* were raised in Delaware County, viz., Company F and Company G. The original commissioned officers of Company F were: S. P. Weiser, Captain; J. N. Dunlap, First Lieutenant, and H. C. Ashwell, Second Lieutenant. Dunlap died at Young's Point, La., March 17, 1863. Ashwell resigned March 17, 1863. Levi Siegfried was commissioned First Lieutenant, but illness, from which he afterward died, prevented his being mustered. John A. F. Cellar, of Company F, was promoted to First Lieutenant, and transferred to Company A by consolidation, November 18, 1864. Lieut. E. M. Eastman, of Company G, was promoted to Captain, and transferred to the command of Company F April 1, 1863. The original commissioned officers of Company G. were ; J. H. Kimball, Captain; H. J. Jarvis, First Lieutenant (died at Memphis, Tenn., December 2, 1862); E. M. Eastman, Second Lieutenant, promoted to First Lieutenant, December 2, 1862, afterward to Captain, and transferred as above; O. W. Chamberlain, promoted to First Lieutenant, died at Mt. Vernon, Ohio, while on leave of absence, August 22, 1863 ; L. S. Huntley, promoted to First Lieutenant, January 19, 1864 ; Peter Marmon, promoted * The sketch of this regiment was written by Maj. C. H. McElroy. 300 - HISTORY OF DELAWARE COUNTY. to Second Lieutenant, November, 1864, and transferred from Company H. E. L. Baird, First Lieutenant, Company H, was promoted to Captain, November 18, 1864, and transferred to the command of Company G. The regiment went out with Joseph W. Vance, Colonel, Mt. Vernon; A. H. Brown, Lieutenant Colonel, Marion, and C. H. McElroy, Major Delaware. A camp was established for this regiment on the Fuller farm, one and a half miles south of the city, known as Camp Delaware, the around occupied lying between the Columbus road and the river. On the 1st day of September, 1862, the Ninety-sixth left camp 1,014 strong, for Cincinnati, and, on the evening of the same day of its arrival there, crossed over the river, and went into camp at Covington, Ky. From that time until the close of the war, it was on continuously active, and most of the time hard, service. In the fall of 1862, the regiment, in the brigade of Gen. Burbridge, and under command of Gen. A. J. Smith, marched from Covington to Falmouth, thence to Cynthiana, to Paris, Lexington, Nicholasville; through Versailles, Frankfort. Shelbyville to Louisville ; leaving Covington on the 8th of October, and going into camp at Louisville on the 15th. From Louisville it proceeded to Memphis, and, on the 27th of December, with the forces under command of Gen. Sherman, left for "down the river" to Chickasaw Bayou. From there it went to Fort Hyndman or Arkansas Post where it was in the left wing, under command of Gen. Morgan. Sergt. B. F. High, Joseph G. Wilcox and W. P. Wigton, of Company F. were killed here ; and Isaac Pace, David Atkinson of Company G., were wounded and soon after died. After the battle of Arkansas Post, the regiment was at the siege of Vicksburg, where it formed a part of the Thirteenth Army Corps. Then followed the battle of Grand Coteau, La., a desperate struggle against fearful odds. After this the regiment was sent into Texas on an expedition of short duration. Returning to Brashear City, La., it entered upon the famous Red River campaign, under Gen. Banks. The battles of Sabine Cross Roads (where Col. Vance was killed), Peach Orchard Grove, and Pleasant Hill, followed. The regiment had, by continued losses, become so reduced in numbers that a consolidation became necessary and was effected under a general order from Maj. Gen. Reynolds, commending the Department of the Gulf. At the request of the officers, and as a special honor to the regiment, it was consolidated into the Ninety-sixth Battalion, and not with any other regiment. This was the, only instance in that department of any such favor being accorded. Soon after this the regiment (now the Ninety-sixth Battalion) was ordered down the river, and to Mobile, and was engaged in the capture of Forts Gaines, Morgan, Blakely and Spanish Fort, resulting finally in the capture of Mobile. The division was under command of Col. Landrum, of the Nineteenth Kentucky, and formed a part of the Thirteenth Corps, under Gen. Granger. The Ninety-sixth was mustered out at Mobile, and, on the 29th of July, 1865, was paid off and discharged at Camp Chase. During its service, the regiment marched 1,683 miles; traveled by rail 517 miles, and by water 7,686 miles, making a total of 9,886 miles. exclusive of many short expeditions in which it took part. Of Company F., there had died of wounds and disease, 23; discharged for same cases, 26 total, 49. Of Company G., there had died of wounds and disease, 30; discharged from same causes, 16; total, 46. These figures may not Ill. exactly correct, but are as nearly so as it is possible. now to obtain such statistics. To the One Hundred and Twenty-first Infantry. Delaware County contributed more men than to any other military organization during the late war. except, perhaps, the One Hundred and Forty-fifth Regiment of National Guards, called out for one hundred days in the early part of 1864. Companies C. C. H and K. of the One Hundred and Twenty-first, were made up wholly or in part from Delaware County ; the first two were entirely "Delawares," while the two latter comprised much of the same patriotic material. At the organization of the regiment. Company C, one of the companies from this county, was officered as follows: N. W. Cone. Captain ; Joshua Van Bremer, First Lieutenant, and F. T. Arthur, Second Lieutenant and Company D had for its first officers, Samuel Sharp, Captain ; Joseph A. Sheble, First Lieutenant, and S. B. Moorehouse, Second Lieutenant. As a matter of some interest to our reader:, we will add the names of all commissioned officers in the regiment from this county. during its term of service : William P. Reid, Colonel ; Joshua Van Bremer, Major (entered as First Lieutenant ) Thomas B. Williams, Surgeon ; Rev. L. F. Drake. Chaplain ; N. W. Cone, Samuel Sharp and Peter Cockerell, as Captains ; M. B. Clason and Silas Emerson, as First Lieutenants, and promoted Captain ; S. B. Moorehouse, W. F. Barr, J. A. Porter, T. C. Lewis, Benjamin A. Banker, M. H. Lewis, Daniel Gilson and O. M. Scott, as Second HISTORY OF DELAWARE COUNTY. - 301 Lieutenants, Sergeants, etc., and promoted to Captains ; Joseph A. Sheble and Eli Whitney, as First Lieutenants, and F. T. Arthur, J. F. Glover; M. D. Wells, Andrew Stephens, Charles P. Claris, E. B. Cook, Eli Whitney and Silas Long, Second Lieutenants. As an act of justice to a good man and a brave soldier, we give place, parenthetically, to the following, as narrated by one familiar with the facts: Hon. John L. Porter, now Judge of the Common Pleas Court in an adjoining district, entered this regiment at its organization, as Fourth Sergeant of Company A, Capt. Lawrence, in which capacity he served faithfully. One day, as the regiment was on the march, it met with a fallen tree across the road, when Sergt. Porter, with a squad of men, was detailed by Col. Banning, then in command, to have it cut and removed. He did as ordered, but exercised his own judgment as to the exact place of cutting the tree in two. When Banning came along, he asked in a gruff manner why he had not cut the tree where he had ordered it done. Sergt. Porter replied that he did not think it made any particular difference where it was cut, so that it was cut and removed out of the way, to enable the regiment to pass. At this Banning gave him a terrific cursing, and reduced hint to the ranks. After Col. Robinson succeeded to the command of the regiment, a number of Porter's friends, headed by Capt. Banker (of Delaware) interested themselves in his case. and finally procured his reinstatement to his turner position. This made hint the oldest Sergeant in the regiment, which, united with his soldierly qualities, soon led to his promotion and, when the regiment was mustered out. It was First Lieutenant of his company, a position that he well deserved and one that he creditably filled. The One Hundred and Twenty-first was organized at Camp Delaware, the old camp of the Ninety-sixth, in September 1862. On the 10th of the same month, the regiment, 985, strong. left for Cincinnati, where it was placed on guard duty for a few days, but on the 15th crossed over the river and went into camp at Covington, Ky. From there it moved to Louisville, and was assigned to Col. Webster's brigade, Jackson's division, and McCook's corps. Without an hour's drilling the regiment marched with Buell's army in pursuit of Bragg. In this condition, it participated in the battle of Perryville, in which Capt. Odor, of Company K, was killed. It was detailed to bury the dead and remained in Kentucky on guard duty until January, 1863, when it proceeded to Nashville, and then to Franklin, Tenn., where it was engaged protecting the right flank of Gen. Rosecrans's army, then lying at Murfreesboro. W hen the army moved forward from Stone River, the One Hundred and Twenty-first moved with it, and was attached to the reserve corps under Gen. Granger. At Triune they had a slight skirmish with the rebels under Gen. Forrest. The next engagement in which the regiment took part (and its first severe battle) was the battle of Chickamauga, where it lost heavily. It made a gallant charge to save the only road to Chattanooga, and, in the charge, encountered the Twenty-second Alabama Rebel Infantry, capturing its colors, and a majority of the regiment. The loss sustained by the regiment was: Lieuts. Stewart, Fleming and Porter, killed ; Capts. David Lloyd and A. B. Robinson, and Lieuts. Marshall, Stephens, Moore, Mather, Patrick, Bryant and Mitchell, wounded ; privates killed, 14 ; and 70 wounded. For its bravery in this engagement, the regiment was highly complimented by Gen. Granter. After the battle, it fell back with the army behind the intrenchments at Chattanooga, where it remained until the battles of Lookout Mountain and Mission Ridge, in both of which it took a prominent part. It then returned to its old camp at Rossville, and remained there until May, 1864, when it moved with the army on the Atlanta campaign. It participated in the battles of Buzzard Roost, Resaca, and, as a part of Gen. Jeff C. Davis' division, was at the cal capture of Rome, Ga. It was at Kenesaw Mountain. and participated with its accustomed bravery. It made a lodgement under the enemy's works, and held it, thereby securing possession of the National dead and wounded ; but dearly did it pay for its bravery. Among the commissioned officers killed were Maj. Yeager, Capts. Lloyd and Clason, and Lieut. Patrick; and 8 officers wounded. At Chattahoochie River, on the 9th of July, it lost, in a skirmish at the railroad bridge, 5 men killed and 4 wounded. At Atlanta and Jonesboro performed d its usual hot work, where it lost several then killed and wounded. About the 29th of September the regiment was sent back to Chattanooga, where it was attached to an expedition against Forrest cavalry, then raiding on the railroad at some distance. They followed the rebel cavalry, and drove it across the Tennessee Rivet into Alabama, when they returned and joined in the chase of Hood. The regiment joined Sherman at Rome, Ga., and marched with his army to 302 - HISTORY OF DELAWARE COUNTY. Savannah and the sea. After the fall of Savannah, the One Hundred and Twenty-first, then commanded by Lieut. Col. A. B. Robinson, went with the expedition into the Carolinas, and participated in the battle of Bentonville. It lost 6 men killed and 20 wounded, Capts. Charles P. Claris and M. E. Willoughby were among the wounded. The former afterward died from the effects of the wounds received in this battle. On the 1st of May, 1865, it joined the march of the National forces through Richmond to Washington, where it took part in the grand review, after which it was mustered out and sent home, and, on the 12th of June, was paid off and discharged at Columbus. The One Hundred and Forty-fifth Infantry was raised under the President's call, in April, 18114, for one hundred days' men, and was designated National Guards. It was made up wholly in Delaware County, and officered as follows: H. C. Aswell, Colonel; Lloyd A. Lyman, Lieutenant Colonel; H. C. Olds, Major; Henry Besse, Surgeon; J. D. Janney, Assistant Surgeon; William E. Moore, Adjutant; J. H. Stead, Quartermaster; Rev. W. G. Williams, Chaplain; E. M. Jones, Lewis doss, James Wallace, James M. Crawford, R. W. Reynolds, J. J Penfield, D. H. James, Arch. Freshwater, W. H. Wilson, John Cellar, Captains; Hugh J. Perry, F. W. Cogswell, C. Hull, D. G. Cratty, J. A. Cone, W. E. Bates, G. W. Flemming, J. S. Post, J. W. McGookey, I. S. Hall, First Lieutenants; J. S. Harmon, H. M. Bronson, John Urley, J. T. Nunsel, J. D. Van Deman, E. H. Draper, H. B. Wood, C. R. Caulkins, S. M. White, Jr., A. M. Decker, Second Lieutenants. The regiment was organized at Camp Chase on the 10th of May, 1864, and immediately ordered to Washington City. Upon its arrival, it was assigned to Gen. Augur, as garrison for the forts comprising the southern defenses of Washington, on Arlington Heights. The service of the regiment consisted principally of garrison and fatigue duty, in which, during its whole term, it was incessantly employed. It was drilled in both infantry and heavy artillery tactics under Gen. De Russy. Although not engaged in battle during its term of service, the One Hundred and Forty-fifth performed the most valuable duties, taking the place of veteran soldiers, who were thus permitted to re-enforce Gen. Grant in his advance on Richmond. Its term of service expired on the 20th of August, when it was sent home to Camp Chase, and, on the 23d, mustered out of the United States service. One company of the One Hundred and Seventy-fourth Infantry was recruited in Delaware County, and officered as follows: J. H. Bassiger, Captain ; D. M. Howe, First Lieutenant, and W. E. Webber, Second Lieutenant. Col. Jones commanded the regiment, and Dr. F. W. Morrison, of Delaware, was appointed its Surgeon. D. M. Howe was promoted to Captain and attached to the staff of Gen. Thomas, and W. E. Webber was promoted to First Lieutenant. The One Hundred and Seventy-fourth was one of the last series of regiments raised in the State, to serve one year, and was composed chiefly of those who had seen service in the older regiments, and, tiring of the monotony of private life, eagerly re-enlisted for another year's campaign. It was organized at the old rendezvous, Camp Chase, September 21, 1864, and left on the 23d for Nashville, and ordered to report to Gen. Sherman, then commanding the Department of the Mississippi. It arrived at Nashville on the 26th of September, and was ordered to Murfreesboro, which point was threatened with a raid from the cavalry of Gen. Forrest. On the 27th of October, it left Murfreesboro, with orders to report to the commanding officer at Decatur, Ala. From Decatur, it moved to the mouth of Elk River, leaving four companies as a garrison for Athens. In a few days it returned to Decatur, and, on the 26th of November, it was again sent to -Murfreesboro. It remained at Murfreesboro through the siege, and participated in the battle of Overall's Creek, where it behaved with great gallantry, and was complimented by Gen. Rousseau personally, for its bravery. Its loss was six men killed, two officers and thirty-eight men wounded. It took part in the battle of the Cedars, on the 7th of December, where it fully maintained its reputation. In a gallant charge during the fight, it captured two cannon, a stand of colors and a large number of prisoners. Its loss was quite severe. Among its killed was Maj. Reid, who was shot through the head while urging his men on to the charge. The regiment participated in all the fighting around Murfreesboro ; and after the siege, was assigned to the Twenty-third Army Corps, which it joined at Columbia, Tenn. In January, 1865, the regiment was ordered to Washington City, which place was reached on the 20th. It remained here until February 21, when it proceeded to North Carolina. Here it was placed in the column commanded by Gen. Cox, and took part in the battles of Five Forks, and at HISTORY OF DELAWARE COUNTY. - 303 Kingston, in both of which it acted with its accustomed bravery. This was the last fight the regiment was in. It was mustered out June 28, at Charlotte, N. C., and left at once for home, arriving at Columbus on the 5th of July, where it was paid off, and received its final discharge. The One Hundred and Eighty-sixth Infantry drew one company from Delaware County. Company B was recruited almost wholly in the county, and was mustered in, under the following commissioned officers: R. C. Breyfogle, Captain; O. H. Barker, First Lieutenant, and Shadrack Hubbell, Second Lieutenant. Lieut. Hubbell was a son of Hon. J. R. Hubbell, of Delaware, and was but eighteen years of age when he enlisted in the army. He raised most of this company, many of its members being his schoolmates, and, in acknowledgment of his services, he was made Second Lieutenant of the company. After the close of the war, he was commissioned in the regular army, and died at New Orleans, in 1867, of yellow fever. He was on Gen. Hancock's staff at the time of his death. The One Hundred and Eighty-sixth was raised under the President's last call for one-year troops. It was mustered into the United States service at Camp Chase, March 2, 1865, and, on the same day, started for Nashville by way of Louisville. On the 8th of March, it left Nashville for Murfreesboro, and from there proceeded to Cleveland, where it went into camp, and where it remained until the 2d of May, when it moved to Dalton. The Colonel of this regiment ( Wildes), having been promoted to Brigadier General, was assigned to the command of a brigade at Chattanooga, and, at his request, the One Hundred and Eighty-sixth was transferred to his command. On the 20th of July, the regiment was relieved from duty at Chattanooga and ordered to Nashville. Orders were received on the l3th of September to prepare rolls for the muster-out of the regiment. On the 19th of the same month, it started for Columbus, where it was mustered out of the service. It was never in an engagement as the One-Hundred and Eighty-sixth Regiment, but it was no fault of the regiment. It faithfully performed every duty required of it, and would doubtless have acquitted itself with Honor on the battlefield. Of the Eighteenth United States Regular Infantry, which drew one full company and hart o another from Delaware County, we have learned but little. The officers were from the regular army, and all inquiries have resulted in a failure to obtain anything very definite in regard to those companies in which the county was represented. "Ohio in the Late War" makes no mention of the regiment whatever, and the newspaper file. of the war period have but little in regard to it. One item, however, way be given: James Fowler, a brother of Dr. Fowler, of Delaware, after serving for a time in the Fourth Infantry, enlisted in the Eighteenth Regulars, was promoted to Orderly Sergeant, became Captain of a company in a Tennessee regiment, and was made Provost Marshal of Greenville, Tenn. Since the war he has made his home in the South. The Fifth Colored Infantry was organized at Camp Delaware, and contained a large number of men from this county. In June, 1863, a camp for colored soldiers was opened on the farm of Josiah Bullen about one mile south of the city, and nearly opposite the site of "old Camp Delaware." Capt. McCoy, of the One Hundred and Fifteenth Ohio, was detailed by Gov. Tod to superintend the recruiting of colored troops, and J. B. T. Marsh was mustered in as Quartermaster of the "One Hundred and Twenty-seventh Ohio," the number and title the regiment was to bear. This was the first complete colored regiment raised in the State of Ohio. Previously, there had been quite a number of colored men recruited for the Fifty-fourth Massachusetts, and sent to Boston, but nothing like an organization in the State had, up to this time, been attempted. The only semblance of law, which gave authority to the raising of colored troops, was that known as, the "Contraband Law," which ave a colored laborer to the service of the United States, $7 a month as his pay, and $3 a month additional for clothing. Under this state of things, recruiting progressed slowly, and the few who had already enlisted became dissatisfied, and the organization with difficulty could be kept together. A few faithful men, however, who thought they saw in the results of the war great benefits to their race, stood firm. Finally there came a call from the War Department for colored troops to serve in the armies of the United States. Boards were convened, and promises given that Congress would place them upon an equal footing with other troops. The organization was changed from the " One Hundred and Twenty-seventh Ohio," to the " Fifth Regiment of United States Colored Troops," and by the 10th of July it contained three full companies. G. W. Shurtleff was appointed Lieutenant Colonel 304 - HISTORY OF DELAWARE COUNTY. and infused new life into the enterprise. Recruiting now went on rapidly, and early in November the regiment, fully equipped, went to Virginia with nine companies, and nearly a full complement of officers. Upon its arrival at Norfolk, Col. Conine, who had been commissioned Colonel by the President., assumed command. In December, 1863, the regiment formed part of the command under Gen. Wilde, in the raid made by that. officer through the enemy's country to Elizabeth City, N. C. In January, 1864, it moved to Yorktown, where it remained until April. About this time, Capt. Speer joined it with the tenth company. In May, it accompanied the ex(edition planned by Gen. Butler against Richmond and Petersburg, forming a part of the colored Division of. the Eighteenth Corps. The Fifth was the first regiment to gain the shore at City Point, capturing the rebel signal officer and the corps stationed there. At the siege of Petersburg, the colored division stormed the heights, and captured two strong earthworks, with several pieces of artillery. Gen. Smith, who commanded the Eighteenth Corps, watched the colored division with great anxiety, and, when he saw them carry the works with the bayonet, he exclaimed, "The colored troops fight nobly," or, that is equal to Lookout Mountain." In this action, the regiment lost several men killed and wounded. One officer was killed, and Col. Conine was wounded. From this time to the l5th of August, the regiment was employed mostly on guard duty. In the latter part of August, the Third Division (colored) of the Eighteenth Corps, under Gen. Paine., was transferred to the north side of the James River. While in camp here, the Fifth received 375 recruits from Ohio. In September, the battles of Chapin's Farm, New Market Heights and Fort Harrison occurred, in which the Fifth participated. Col. Shurtleff and three of the captains were wounded. In the afternoon of the 29th, the regiment, with a detachment of white troops, stormed Fort Gilmer. The white troops faltered, then retreated, leaving the Fifth unsupported, and alone. It pressed on up to the fort, and a few men had scaled the walls, when an order was received to withdraw, which was effected in good order. In this day's fighting, the regiment, lost nine officers wounded, one of whom (Capt. Wilbur) died; and out of 550 men in rank who went into the fight, 85 were killed, and 248 were wounded. Sergts. Beatty, Holland, Pimm and Brunson were awarded medals for gallantry in this engagement. The Fifth took part in the expedition against Fort Fisher and Wilmington, and performed efficient service. It also participated in the assault on Sugar Loaf and Fort Anderson, and marched with Gen. Terry's command to Raleigh, N. C. After the surrender of the Confederate armies, the Fifth was stationed for a while at Goldsboro, and in the latter part of September, it returned to Columbus, where it was honorably discharged. A large number of colored soldiers were sent to the field from Camp Delaware, in addition to the Fifth Colored Regiment. The Delaware Gazette announces the departure for the front from Camp Delaware, in the summer of 1864, of 250 colored troops, intended for the Twenty-seventh Colored Regiment. The Eighth Colored Regiment was in camp at this place for a time, and received quite a number of recruits. Beyond these few meager facts, however, we have no information in regard to these organizations. This constitutes a brief sketch of the regiments in which Delaware County was represented, and their participation in the rebellion. In compiling our war history, we have drawn extensively on "Ohio in the Late War," supported by such local facts as we leave been able to obtain, and, in this, we have earnestly endeavored to do " justice to all and injustice to none." Many minor facts connected with the war, pertaining mostly to the city of Delaware, will be noticed in that chapter. The Soldiers' Aid Society, and movements inaugurated for the purpose of encouraging enlistments, belong more properly to the city than in this department, as well as the Soldiers' Monumental Association. A few words in reference to the drafts which took place in the county, and we will close a subject of which we are becoming somewhat wearied. The first draft in Delaware County occurred in October, 1862, and was for forty-three. the number remaining due on the President's call for 300,000 men Hon. T. W. Powell. as Commissioner of the Draft, superintended the drawing of the lots. The distribution of prizes to the different townships was according to population and the number of recruits already furnished, and was as follows: Concord, three; Genoa, seven; Harlem, one; Kingston, one ; Liberty, four ; Orange, thirteen ; Radnor, four ; Scioto, four ; Trenton, five, and Troy one. Another draft occurred in May, 1864; and was for 150 men, distributed as follows: Berkshire, three; Brown. eight.; Genoa, HISTORY OF DELAWARE COUNTY. - 305 twenty ; Trenton, eighteen ; Thompson, thirteen ; Troy, fifteen ; Oxford, fourteen ; Orange, nine; Porter, ten; Scioto, two ; Harlem, nine; Kingston, four, and Liberty fifteen. Delaware, Concord, Berlin, and Radnor escaped, having filled their calls by enlistments. After this, there were one or two other drafts for small squads of men in some of the townships, which had proved a little derelict in furnishing their quotas. But, taken all in all, the patriotism of Delaware County presents nothing to be ashamed of, and her alacrity in filling, every call promptly was surpassed by few counties in the State. The exact number of men furnished is not definitely known, as many enlisted in scattering regiments, but those that can be accounted for will reach 3,000, perhaps, exclusive of one-hundred-days men and colored soldiers. We deem it. entirely appropriate to close this chapter with a brief sketch of some of the great men of the county. We all love great men ; it is one of the noblest feelings that dwells in man's heart. No skeptical logic can destroy this inborn loyalty, and no sadder proof can be given by a man of his own littleness, than disbelief in it. Every true man feels that he is himself made higher by doing reverence to what is really above him. The relation which, in all times, unites a great man to others, is divine. It is the vivifying influence of their life, is the very essence of l Christianity itself. The history of the world is but the biography of great men. Hero-worship endures forever, while man endures - the everlasting adamant, lower than which even communistic revolutions cannot fall! So, in substance at least says Thomas Carlyle, and he further says, as if he stood the teacher of the present hour, that "Great men taken up in any way, are profitable company. We cannot look, however imperfectly. upon a great man without gaining something by him. He is the living light, fountain of native, original insight of manhood and heroic nobleness, which it is good and pleasant to be near. No great man lives in vain."And happy the century, happy the commonwealth, if it produce but one, whether it be a soldier the foremost of the age, or a statesman, who administered the affairs of a nation. Like all other portions of our great and glorious country, Delaware County has produced some great men, men who have filled high and honorable position. in the camp, at the bar, in the halls of legislation, and at the head of the government. The history of Delaware County would be incomplete without some notice of her illustrious sons. It would be like the play of Hamlet, with the one great character-the melancholy prince-left out. We shall, therefore, devote a brief space to some of her distinguished men. Rutherford Birchard Hayes was born in the town of Delaware, on the 4th of October, 1822. His father, Rutherford Hayes, was a native of Vermont, and came to Delaware County in 1817, locating in the town, where the remainder of his life was spent. A son of his, and a brother to the President, was drowned in the Olentangy River, while skating - a melancholy incident, still remembered by many of the old citizens of the place. After a preliminary education, young Hayes passed a regular course at Kenyon College, from which he graduated in 1840. He then read law in the office of Thomas Sparrow, Esq., of Columbus, and, when sufficiently advanced in his studies, entered the Law Department of Harvard College, where he graduated with all due honors. It was while a law student here that Mr. Hayes went to Boston to witness a demonstration in honor of Henry Clay, who was a candidate for President (in 1844) against James K. Polk. The campaign was an exciting one, and hotly contested from the opening to the close. Upon the occasion referred to, the Hon. Cassius M. Clay was to make a speech before the Henry Clay Club, and the most extensive preparations had been made for a big day. In accordance with the customs of those times, a grand civil parade was a chief feature of the proceedings. Mr. Hayes met Mr. Aigin, from Delaware, whom he recognized, and, while standing in front of the Tremont House, they were joined by several others, among them Mr. Birchard, an uncle of the President. The motley-bannered procession was being highly praised, when young Hayes suggested that it only lacked an "Ohio delegation " to make its success complete. It was received as a happy jest, but nothing more thought of it until Mr. Hayes, who had hardly been missed, again appeared, carrying a rude banner which he had hastily constructed of a strip from the edge of a board, on either side of which, in awkward, straggling letters, was painted the word "Ohio.'' As the procession passed, Mr. Hayes, with his banner, "fell in," while the others (three in number) brought up the rear. Ohio men continued to drop in and swell their ranks, until, when the procession halted on Boston Common, the "Ohio Delegation" numbered twenty-four men and was one of the most conspicuous in the 306 - HISTORY OF DELAWARE COUNTY, procession. The enthusiasm was great, and floral tributes were showered upon them from the balcony windows along the line of march. Among these tributes were several wreaths. These the young leader carefully placed over the rude banner, and the unexpected "Ohio delegation," proudly marching under a crown of laurel wreaths, was cheered and honored as Ohio had never been honored before. This was probably Mr. Hayes' first appearance as a political leader, and doubtless, one of the happiest and proudest days of his life. After the completion of his legal education, Mr. Hayes located in Cincinnati and commenced the practice of his profession. At the breaking out of the late war, on the first call for troops, he proffered his services to the Government, and was appointed Major of the Twenty-third Ohio Infantry, his rank dating from June 7; 1861. During the summer and fall, he served in West Virginia, under Gen. Rosecrans, and was, for a time, Judge Advocate on his staff. He was promoted to Lieutenant Colonel in November, and took command of his old regiment the Twenty-third), and the next year was appointed Colonel of the Seventy-ninth Ohio, but, owing to a wound received at 'South Mountain the previous autumn, was prevented from joining the regiment. On the 15th of October, 1862, he was promoted to the colonelcy of his old regiment. In December, hetook command of the First Brigade of the Kanawha Division, and continued in this position until the fall of 1864, when he took command of the Kanawha Division. In October, 1864, he was appointed Brigadier General, for gallant and meritorious services in the battles of Winchester. Fisher's Hill and Cedar Creek. He was brevetted Major General at the close of the war for his gallant services during the West Virginia campain of 1864. fie was wounded four times during his term of service, and had three horses shot under him. At the close of the war, he was elected to Congress from the Second Cincinnati District, and reelected in 1866. Though somewhat conservative, his action was uniformly in the line of policy of the Republican party, by which he had been elected. In 1867, he was nominated, by a large majority, a candidate for Governor of the State, to succeed Gov. J. D. Cox, and was elected by a majority of about 3,000. He was elected his own successor in 1869, by a majority of nearly 8,000 over Hon. George H. Pendleton. In 1867, he was again elected Governor of the State. by a majority of 5,000 over Hon. William Allen, and, at the National Republican Convention of 1875, he became the standard-bearer of his party in one of the most exciting Presidential contests that have occurred since the war of the rebellion, perhaps since the great campaign of Gen. Harrison. The result of that bitter contest is still vividly remembered by our readers, and to enter into particulars here would be wholly superfluous. A discussion of the pros and cons of the subject is not appropriate matter for this work. William Starke Rosecrans is a native of Delaware County, and was born in Kingston Township, September 6, 1819. His father, Crandall Roseorans, was of Dutch origin, his ancestors having emigrated from Amsterdam to Wyoming Valley, Penn. This was the native place of Crandall Rosecrans, who came to Ohio in 1808, and settled in Delaware County, thus becoming one of its pioneers. His wife, the mother of William. was a daughter of Timothy Hopkins, whose name is recorded as one of the signers of the Declaration of Independence, and also as a soldier of the Revolution. Young Rosecrans is remembered as possessed of ; great energy of character. and. mainly through his own individual exertions, he gained admission into the Military Academy at West Point. His biographer says ; "His proficiency in such mathematical and scientific studies as he had been able to pursue, led him to look longingly upon the treasures of a West Point, education. Consulting, no one, not even his father, he wrote directly to Hon. Joseph R. Poinsett, Secretary of War, under President Van Buren, asking for an appointment as cadet. It was not strange that such an application failed to receive an instant response ; but young Rosecrans thought it was, and applied to his father for some plan to re-enforce his request. A petition for the cadetship was prepared and largely signed, and, as he was depositing the bulky document in the post office, he received the letter informing him of his appointment." At West Point he was known as a hard student. His class (that of 1842) numbered fifty-six, among whom were Long street, Van Dorn, Pope, G. W. Smith, Lovell. R. H. Anderson, Doubleday, Rain; Newton and McLaws. In this class Rosecrans stood third in mathematics and fifth in general merit, while Pope was seventeenth, Doubleday twenty-fourth and Longstreet fifty-fourth. After graduating he entered the Engineer Corps of the regular army, as a Brevet Second Lieutenant, and HISTORY OF DELAWARE COUNTY. - 307 was assigned to duty at Fortress Monroe. At the age of thirty-four years, he was acknowledged master of the profession of engineering, and had given to the Government (as an engineer) eleven years of his life, without having reached a captain's commission or-salary. Becoming discouraged with service in the army, "where few die and none resign" in the peaceful times then prevailing, promotion seemed hopelessly remote, and Rosecrans determined to resign his commission. Jefferson Davis, then Secretary of War, expressed unwillingness to lose so valuable an officer from the service, and proposed to give him a year's leave of absence, at the end of which, should he still desire it, he should be permitted to resign. Accordingly, in 1854, his resignation was tendered and accepted. Gen. Totten, the Chief of Engineers, forwarded with the acceptance to Lieut. Rosecrans a complimentary letter, extolling in high terms the services rendered by him to the Government, and his regret that the country was about to lose so able and valuable an officer." After his resignation, Rosecrans resided in Cincinnati until the breaking-out of the rebellion. He here held a number of positions, among them that of President of the Cannel Coal Company, and later he held a similar position in the Cincinnati Coal Oil Company. In all these he displayed such ability as to command the confidence of capitalists, yet most of his ventures ended in pecuniary failures. His restless mind was constantly bent on making improvements, and his ingenuity left everywhere its traces in now inventions of which others largely profited. through his researches and experiments. Thus, the opening period of the rebellion found him but little better situated, pecuniarily, than when he resigned his commission as First. Lieutenant in the regular army. He was forty-two years of age, in the prime of vigorous manhood. and possessing, both by virtue of his professional abilities and his religious affiliations, * marked influence in the great city which he had made his home. From the moment the war declared itself; Rosecrans gave thought and time to no other subject. He devoted his time to organizing and drilling the home guards who enrolled themselves for the purpose of guarding against a sudden rush over the border, a position for which his military education eminently fitted him. He thus occupied * Rosecrans was a devout Roman Catholic, and believed in the infallibility of his church. He was a brother to Bishop Rosecrans, of the Catholic Church, and throughout his public life he endeavored to conform to the principles of that denomination. himself until the appointment of McClellan, Major General of the Ohio Militia, by Gov. Dennison. At the earnest solicitation of McClellan, he accepted the position of Engineer on his staff, and as such selected and prepared a camp of instruction for the volunteers that were now pouring in. His services were next claimed by the Governor, who sent him on various expeditions connected with the troops being raised. On June the 9th, he was commissioned Chief Engineer of the State, and a few days later was made Colonel of the Twenty-third Ohio, and assigned to the command of Camp Chase. Four days afterward, his commission as Brigadier General in the United States Army reached him, and almost immediately, Gen. McClellan summoned him to active service in West Virginia. From this time on, the record of Gen. Rosecrans is familiar to all readers of the history of the great rebellion. His brilliant service in West Virginia is illustrated by such flattering notices as the following: " The first troops ever commanded in the field by Gen Rosecrans were the Seventeenth and Nineteenth Ohio, and the Eighth and Tenth Indiana. Within two weeks after he assumed command, they had fought a battle under him, and won the victory that decided the first campaign of the war." His success in this battle raised him from the command of a brigade to the command of a department. The victories of Iuka, Corinth and Stone River added new laurels to his brow, and his star for a period shone in undimmed luster. But Chickamauga proved his Waterloo, and his star went down in dark and lurid clouds. Jealousy of his growing reputation had been conceived by other officers, whose ambition led them to covet his hard-earned laurels. His blunder at Chickamauga afforded the excuse his enemies had long sought, and the most atrocious calumnies were circulated concerning him, until finally the order came relieving him of his command. He turned it over to his intimate friend and trusted officer. Gen. George H. Thomas, and left for his home at at Cincinnati. The jealousies of his comrades in arms had succeeded. It is but justice here to state, that the people of his native State had never sympathized in the hue and cry raised against him, because after so many victories he had lost a battle and the public journals demanded his restoration to command with such persistency, that he was finally (January, 1864) ordered to relieve Gen. Schofield, in command of the Department o Missouri. He served in this State till December, 308 - HISTORY OF DELAWARE COUNTY. 1864, when he was relieved of his command without explanation or warning, through the same jealousies that had once before procured his downfall. An historian of the war* pays him this flattering compliment "The officer thus ungraciously suffered to retire from the service he adorned must forever stand one of the central figures in the history of the war for the Union. He cannot be placed in that small category of commanders who were always successful, but who of our generals can? Few of his battles or campaigns are entirely free from criticism, for 'whoever has committed no fault, has not made war.' But, as a strategist, he stands among the foremost, if not himself the foremost, of all our generals. In West Virginia, he out-generaled Lee. At Corinth, he beguiled Van Dorn and Price to destruction. In his Tullahoma and Chattanooga campaigns. his skillfully combined movements developed the highest strategic ability; and set the model which was afterward followed with varying success in the famed advance on Atlanta." Here we will leave hint. Like many another deserving individual, his reward, and his entire vindication, may not come in this world, except so far as he feels an inward consciousness of having faithfully performed his duty. In the language of Prentice "The flame Has fallen. and its high and fitful gleams Perchance have faded, but the living tires Still glow beneath the ashes." John Anthony Ouitman. a noted and gallant officer of the Mexican War, was for a number of Sears a resident of the town of Delaware. It is a fact, remembered now by few perhaps. that he studied law, and was admitted to the bar in the courts of Delaware Count, and some time after, emigrated to the State of Mississippi, which thenceforward because his home. Gen. Quitman was born in Rhinebeck. Dutchess County, N. Y., September 1, 1799. After completing his education, he came to Chillicothe, Ohio, where he commenced the study of the law with Col. Brush, acting at the same time as tutor to his sons. Soon after this he came to Delaware, as a clerk and student of Platt Brush. Esq., Register of the Land Office, and one of the early lawyers in this section of the State, and in whose office Quitman completed his legal education. After his admission to the bar, an event that occurred in 1821, he expressed to Mr. Brush his * Reid desire to go South, but that he lacked funds to do so. He was furnished by that gentleman with the requisite amount to defray his expenses to the country he proposed to make his future home, and set off on horseback, then the common mode of transit. He located in the city of Natchez, Miss., where he soon reached the head of his profession. In 1827, he was elected to the Legislature, and from 1828 to 1834 served as Chancellor of the State, and afterward was President of the Senate. In 1836, he raised a small body of men to aid Texas, then on the point of throwing off the rotten yoke of Mexico, and marched with them to the seat of war. The Natchez Courier of May 1, 1836, thus mentions the event: " The departure of Hon. John A. Quitman and his compatriots for Texas, so soon after the news of a most barbarous butchery, presents a scene of extraordinary interest. The gallant Judge has filled nearly all the stations the State call confer, and no man ever passed through so many offices of trust and honor more creditably. We might truly say that no mail ever questioned the honesty or integrity of Judge Quitman's public conduct. or the purity of his private character." In July 1846 after hostilities had commenced between the United States and Mexico, Quitman was appointed Brigadier General, and ordered to report to Gen. Taylor then at Camargo. At Monterey, he distinguished himself by a successful assault on Fort Tenerice, and his daring advance into the heart of the city. He commanded the first sharp engagement at Vera Cruz, arid was with the advance under Gen. Worth, when Pueblo was captured. For his bravery in this engagement, he was brevetted Major General. At Chapultepec, he stormed the important works, and pushed forward to the Belen Gate, which he carried by assault, and took possession of the capital of the Montezumas, of which Gen. Scott, upon his arrival, made him Governor. Soon after his return to the United States, and to Mississippi, he was elected Governor of the latter, almost by acclamation. In 1855, he was elected to Congress, and re-elected in 1857, without opposition. During his entire service in Congress, he was at the head of the Military Committee He died in the city of Natchez July 17, 1858. John Calvin Lee was born in Brown Township, Delaware County. and is a son of Hugh Lee, a tanner by trade, and one of the pioneers of that township. He received his early education and HISTORY OF DELAWARE COUNTY. - 309 bean his career of usefulness in the city of Delaware. He arose from a humble station in life, and, by virtue and honest industry, achieved a position of high and honorable rank. He chose the procession of the law, and, some time after his admission to the bar, he located at Tiffin, Ohio, where he was residing at the beginning of the rebellion. On the 25th of November, 1861, he was commissioned Colonel of the Fifty-fifth Ohio Infantry, and was ordered to West Virginia. For a short time he served as President of a court-martial convened by Gen. Rosecrans, at Charleston, after which he joined his regiment. He participated in the battles of Freeman's Ford, White Sulphur Springs, Warrenton, Bristow's Station, New Baltimore, New Market, Thoroughfare Gap, Chantilly and the second battle of Bull Run. On account of illness in his family, he tendered his resignation in 1863, but was commissioned Colonel of the One Hundred and Sixty-fourth Ohio (National Guard), and was mustered out in 1864, and brevetted Brigadier General. Gen. Lee was nominated by the Republican State Central Committee July 10, 1867, a candidate for Lieutenant Governor, on the ticket with Gen. R. B. Hayes. Hon. Samuel Galloway had been nominated for the position, but declined the honor, and Lee was chosen his successor upon the ticket. The Delaware Gazette, July 12, 1867, thus editorially speaks of Gen. Lees nomination "General Lee is widely known as an able lawyer, an eloquent orator, and an upright and affable gentleman. Having for some time been associated in the same command with him in the army, we can speak of his military services with the more confidence. We first met him in the winter of 1861, when commanding in West Virginia the Fifty-fifth Ohio, of which he was then Colonel, and which, it is not invidious to say, was well known as one of the best regiments in the Eleventh Corps. To the end of the war it carried the flag without a stain of dishonor passing through Pope's, Hooker's and Mead's campaigns in Virginia and Pennsylvania, through Sherman's campaigns in Georgia and the Carolinas, and joining, finally, in the grand review at Washington. At the battle of Chancellorsville, Col. Lee was one of the few officers who were on the alert and knew of the approach of the enemy. He took the responsibility of sending repeated messengers to the headquarters of the divisions and corps, expressing his belief that the enemy was approaching on the flank and rear of the command, and asking that the front should be immediately chanced. Unfortunately, his advice was not followed, though had it been, it is safe to say the disaster of Chancellorsville never would have happened. Subsequent to that action he resigned, but re-entered the service prior to the close of the war as commander of a regiment. Gen. Lee possessed the reputation of being popular with his regiment., without the sacrifice of discipline. For some time he commanded a brigade with the rank of Colonel, in which capacity he richly earned a rank commensurate with the position he filled, but which he did not receive until the close of the war. Throughout the corps he was known as one of the most efficient disciplinarians, bravest officers and most affable gentlemen." The ticket, with Gen. Hayes for Governor and Gen. Lee for Lieutenant Governor, was elected by a majority of some three thousand. In 1869, the same ticket was re-nominated by the Republican party, and main elected; this time by about eight thousand majority. As Lieutenant Governor, and President of the Senate, Gen. Lee discharged his duties with all his characteristic faithfulness. At. the present writing, he is United States Attorney for the Northern District of Ohio. Delaware County has produced many other men of note, but none, perhaps, who have been carried quite so far, or so high up, on the crest of the popular wave, as those we have mentioned. The honor of furnishing a President falls to a county of the State, but once in four (or eight) years. In the past fifteen year; Delaware County has produced a President; a Governor and a Lieutenant Governor. Her Congressmen, Judges, other military men, and State officials will be noticed in the professions to which they belong. (RETURN TO THE TITLE PAGE)