Columbus, Franklin County, Ohio

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The total vote for Secretary of State cast in Columbus, in October, 1872, was 6,668.

The total vote for President of the United States cast in Columbus, in November, 1872, was 7,340.

The following important statistical statement is taken from the Daily Ohio State Journal, December 7, 1872

GROWTH OF CITIES.

Estimates from Election Returns of the Population of Twenty-

nine Cities and Towns of Ohio.

The presidential election returns open a field for speculation on the growth of cities and towns of Ohio since the census of 1870. Below will be found a tabulation, in which estimates of present population are based on the calculation that for every voter there are six inhabitants. This ratio is generally considered a little high, and we presume a diligent comparison of the vote of 1870 and the census of the same year would show less than six inhabitants for every voter, in a majority of the cities and towns in the State. But in some cases the ratio was six-in Columbus it was very nearly that figure-and in others it was greater. Multiplying the presidential vote, by a less number than six, would show a decrease in population in a number of places where the popular idea, based on convincing outward evidences of presperity, is that there has been considerable growth. The variation in ratio would perhaps seem to argue the unreliability of election returns as a basis on which to estimate population, but at the same time they present the only opportunity we have of applying the logic of figures to present pepulation, and it may be they will come as near striking the truth as some loosely taken census statistics.

For purposes of comparison the ratio of six is just as good as any other, and we adopt it. No account is taken of annexation. Some of the cities mentioned in the table annexed territory before the census of 1870, and some since; but as annexation is usually a natural result of legimate growth, we do not perceive any necessity for striking differences on that score. Of course those annexations which are merely consolidations (as in the case of Zanesville and Putnam) sheuld be excepted from the proposition.

In the table which follows, the first column shows population by the census of 1870; the second column shows the total vote for president in 1872; the third column shows present population (ascertained by multiplying the total vote by six), and the fourth column shows the increase of population since 1870, except in

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the case of Cincinnati, where the election returns indicate a decrease

* Decrease 3,413.

† The increase in Zanesville is partially owing to the recent annexation of Putnam and suburbs.

The vote shows that Columbus is undoubtedly the third city of the State; in pepulation. This place we should have held under the census of 1870, if our county commissioners had not skillfully put off, until just after the census was taken, the annexation of a populous suburban district, which would have added a population variously estimated at from 1,500 to 3,000.

Deduct whatever number may properly represent of this district at the time of annexation, and the rest of our large increase is the legimate expression of the growth of the city in two years. Our citizens themselves are the persons most surprised by the evidences of this growth which have sprung up almost without their knowledge, all around them. You can not do anything that will astonish an old citizen more

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than to catch him up and show him about the suburbs, and open his eyes to the large number of new buildings added to the city in the last year. And this notwithstanding the fact that the newspapers have time and again called attention to it, and attracted the attention of wide-awake newspapers and capitalists from distant parts.

The present population of Columbus is not, by the lowest estimate; less than thirty-five thousand—double its number in 1860. This doubling of the population has taken place during a period in which war and other depressing causes operated greatly to the disadvantage of the city. Now, there is an almost absolute certainty that our population will hereafter increase in a far greater ratio. The furnaces, rolling mills, and the manufacturing establishments about to be located in the city and its immediate vicinity, the increased railroad facilities soon to be opened up to the great coal and iron fields, and the business and commercial houses that must necessarily be added to those already in existence, can not fail to double our population in five years, and may treble it by the time another federal census is taken.

INCREASE OF BUILDINGS.

Not only in population, but in other respects. Columbus has grown, and is growing, with a rapidity seldom exceeded. Besides the Statehouse and the State institutions, it had, a decade or two ago, but few public or private buildings which could be pointed out as monuments of taste, wealth, or enterprise. While the State has improved its buildings in and around the city, our citizens have erected a city hall, school buildings, churches, and other public buildings, as well as private residences, that rival similar structures in the most populous cities in the country. These edifices are steadily increasing in number and importance.

The report of Henry HeinmiIler, chief engineer of the fire department, shows that, from April 1, 1870, to March 15, 1871, nineteen buildings were erected in the First ward, seven in the Second, seven in the Third, nineteen in the Fourth, twenty-one in the Fifth, fifteen in the Sixth, five in the Seventh, twenty-six in the Eighth, and thirty-two in the Ninth; making a total of

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one hundred and fifty-one. Eighteen of the new buildings were business houses; two, public school-houses; and one, the City Hall. The greater portion of these new structures were large and substantial buildings.

By the last report of the same engineer, the number of new buildings erected in the city during the year ending March 31, 1872, was as follows; Twenty-seven one-story brick houses, one hundred and twenty-seven two-story brick houses, ten three-story brick houses, eight four-story brick houses, twenty-five one-story frame houses, thirty-eight two-story frame houses; making a total of two hundred and twenty-five houses built during the year.

These statistics of new buildings, though suggestive of rapid progress, offer in reality only a partial index to the strides our city is taking in commercial and manufacturing importance. A steady advance has been made in the architecture of our public buildings, while many business houses and private residences vie with the public edifices in convenience and elegance of style and finish. In the taste and skill displayed in its .private and public edifices, Columbus has shown itself worthy of the position it holds as the State capital.

THE GENERAL PROSPECT.

It has been sometimes said by carping and envious persons that there was no vitality in Columbus, save what it obtained through State patronage. But such assertions have been, within the last few years, proven to be not only false, but utterly groundless. Railroads have been built, and are in progress, placing us in direct and immediate connection with immense coal and iron fields, making rich districts tributary to the up-building and prosperity of our city. Actual and gratifying experiments made, and now making, have demonstrated the fact that Columbus offers superior inducements for the establishment of large manufactories and commercial houses. It is a truth that large and prosperous manufacturing establishments are now in operation in the city, or its immediate vicinity, of whose existence some of our intelligent residents know little or nothing. Our progress in manufactures and trade has, within

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the last three years, been surprising, and wholly unexampled in our former history.

There is, notwithstanding the recent increase of new structures, a constant demand for more buildings, for both residences and business purposes. Rents are high, owing to this demand. Among other enterprises, that of investing capital in new buildings in Columbus promises to yield handsome returns. We have ample room to accommodate all that want a residence and business with us. Let capital step forward and put up the needed structures, sure to meet its reward.

There is one thing which makes Columbus more attractive as a place of residence than any material progress, past or prospective. We allude to its healthiness. Whatever may have been said of our city in this respect in the earlier period of its history, it will be conceded by every one familiar with its statistics of disease and mortality for the last ten or fifteen year, that Columbus is one of the healthiest cities of the Union. This is due to its sanitary and other improvements, but especially to its location, its wide and neatly kept streets and alleys, its large open spaces and parks, its water-works, sewerage, and other means of cleanliness and purification. As the city enlarges, it becomes more and more healthy. This is a decided advantage, and the reason of it is, that improvements go forward, and there is so much room for growth that no part of the city becomes too compact or overcrowded.

The fire department of Columbus has become one of the best organized and efficient of its class. in the State. Our city has been, generally, very fortunate as to the destruction of property by fire. For the last ten or twelve years. with the exception of the burning of the Central Asylum (where the fire might have been prevented by due caution on the part of the State employes), there has been but a small comparative loss of property by fire in the city. Now that we have the Holly water-works in operation all over the city, the danger from fire, and consequently the rates of insurance, will be greatly lessened. We may, in future, count upon nit almost entire exemption from any great losses by fire.

The growth of Columbus is manifest, not only in its wide, airy

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streets, with their broad and smooth-paved sidewalks, but in the street railroads already extended along three of the principal streets, and out into the suburbs of the city. The number of these roads is increasing, and will pervade the entire city, leading out to all places of interest or business in the immediate vicinity.

There are in the city four Catholic and twenty-one Protestant churches, including a Hebrew synagogue. Many of the church edifices are spacious and commodious, as well as ornamental to the city. Such structures are on the increase.

Columbus is also ahead of other cities of like size in the number and variety of her newspapers and periodicals. These steadily increase in number and enterprise as the city advances, and the demand of the people for general and local information becomes greater.

SULLIVANT'S SCHOOL BUILDING.

(State Street, between Fifth and Sixth.)

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The public school system of Columbus has become, not only the just pride of her citizens, but the subject of high coinmendation by teachers and other friends of education. A course of instruction has been adopted that has produced, and promises still to produce, the best results. The school buildings are large, commodious, and well ventilated; while the corps of teachers is among the most efficient in the State. Taking together our public schools, our Catholic, schools, and other educational institutions, with their prospective increase in number, efficiency, and usefulness, no parent or guardian can fail to perceive the educational advantages our city affords, and will continue to offer.

Among other reasons why Columbus should be selected as a place of residence, or for business or investment in property, the following may be briefly mentioned:

The city is the least taxed of any one of the same or nearly the same population, in the United States.

Columbus pays less tax on the dollar of taxable property than any other city having the same or nearly the same amount of taxable property.

Columbus is the natural outlet for the great coal and iron region of Southern and Southeastern Ohio.

Real estate in Columbus, though rapidly advancing in price, is at present lower than in any other city of like population, leaving out of view our advantages of ready and easy access to unlimited supplies of coal and iron ore.

Goods, wares, merchandise, and manufactured articles of all kinds, can be readily shipped to all parts of the country by rail from this point.

Eight principal railroad lines already center in Columbus, radiating to and from as many different points of the compass. New railroads are now in course of construction, and others projected. It is not an overestimate to predict, that, ere five more years shall have gone their rounds there will be three lines of railroad down the Hocking Valley from Columbus, and a like number leading from our city to the southeast, and bringing us into immediate connection with the rich coal and iron mines of Perry county. We expect soon to see the Hock-

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ing Valley road extended to Toledo, giving us direct communication with the lumber and mineral regions of the Northwest and the Upper Lakes. Moreover, in a short time, we shall hear the ringing of engine-bells, giving warning that the locomotive, with cars in the rear, is running on the new railroad from Columbus to Maysville. Ky., and on the new Scioto Valley road from Columbus to Portsmouth; each passing through a country rich in agricultural and other resources, of which Columbus is the natural depot and outlet.

Such are some of the great advantages, present and future, that Columbus presents. To those who are seeking pleasant homes, or places for thriving and prosperous business, we add a word more:

Real estate, pleasantly and advantageously located for residences, or for manufacturing purposes, and lying in any direction within, or just outside the corporate limits of the city, can now be purchased at less than its actual value, and greatly under the price it will bring in a year or two. It is only necessary for a wise and prudent man to examine into the facts in regard to the propriety of investing in real estate in Columbus, and he will be quite certain, if he desires to invest in such property at all, to make his outlay in our city. Why should such a man, in order to get rich, go West, out of the pale of civilization, or to some other fabled El Dorado, where there are no railroads, schools, churches, libraries, and other public and social institutions, or those only of an inferior grade, when, by locating in such a place as Columbus, already started with railroad speed on a career for becoming a great city, he could, with slenderer means and less expenditure of brain and muscle, reap, in a short time, a richer and more abundant harvest.

RESOURCES OF THE CITY AND COUNTY.

As the city of Columbus is the metropolis and capital of Franklin county, and contains at present the greater part of its population, wealth, manufactures, and trade, we present the following statistics of the entire county, derived from official sources:

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POPULATION.—The population of Franklin county, in 1810,

was 3,486; in 1820, 10,172; in 1830. 14,741; in 1840, 25,049; in 1850. 42,904; in 1860, 50.361, and in 1870, it was 63,019.

AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTS IN 1870.—Total amount of wages paid during the year, including the value of board, $463,525.

Total value of all farm productions, including betterments and additions to stock, $3,495,131.

Orchard products, $67,509 ; products of' market gardens, $37,435 ; forest products, $28,715 ; value of home manufactures. $6,016.

Value of animals slaughtered and sold for slaughter, $965,126.

LIVE STOCK,—Value of live stock, in 1870, $2,019,363. There were then in the. county 10,565 horses, 266 mules and asses, 7,841 milch cows, 105 working oxen, 12,166 other cattle, 40,548 sheep, and 43,233 swine.

Number and value of the live stock in the county in 1871

In 1872, there were in the county 14,611 horses, 23,691 cattle, 568 mules, 55,477 hogs, and 32,733 sheep; an increase in each case over the preceding year.

VALUE OF REAL AND PERSONAL PROPERTY.

IN 1870.—Assessed value of real estate, $22.278.598; assessed value of personal property, $13,091,694; total assessed value of both, $35,370.292.

The true valuation of the real and personal property in the county, in 1870, was $66,546,900.

TAXATION IN 1870.—The taxes, other than national, levied in the county in 1870 were: State taxes, $141,481 ; county, $179,173; city, $340.164; total, $660,818.

MARRIAGES IN 1871.—There were 675 marriages in the county, of which only three where by the publication of banns, and 672 by license.

PROBATE ,STATISTICS.—In 1871, 51 wills were admitted to pro-

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bate, 92 letters MORTGAGES.—During, and 69 letters of guardianship were issued.

DEEDS AND MoRTGAGES.—During the year ending July 1, 1872, the number of deeds recorded was 2,382; leases, 46; mortgages, other than railroad, 1,788; and of railroad mortgages, 2. The amount secured by the two railroad mortgages was $2,000,000; by the other mortgages, $2,265,506. There were 200 of the latter mortgages canceled during the year, releasing $276.272, against $51,992 released the preceding year; showing an increase in the amount of debt canceled of $224,280.

NEW STRUCTURES ERECTED IN 1871.—The number of dwellings, hotels, and depots erected in the county in 1871, was 350, valued at $340,000; 9 mills, machine-shops, and iron furnaces, value $50,000; 30 stores, shops, warehouses, and other places of business, value $40,000; 1 church, value $9,000; 1 public hall, value $100,000; 40 barns and stables, value $24,000, and 12 miscellaneous structures, value $6,000. The total nNPIKES.—Thereew structures was 443; and their total value, $569,000.

TURNPIKES.—There were, in 1871, 12 turnpikes in Franklin county, having a total length of 140 miles.

COUNTY BUILDINGS.—TVIEW.—Thecounty buildings were valued, in 1871, at $110,000.

COMPARATIVE VIEW.—The following statement presents a view of tax statistics for 1871 and 1872 in five counties of the State—Hamilton, Cuyahoga, Montgomery, Franklin, and Lucas.

—in which are situated the five largest cities of the State—.Cincinnati, in Hamilton; Cleveland, in Cuyahoga; Dayton, in Montgomery; Columbus, in Franklin; and Toledo, in Lucas.

Total valuation of taxable property for 1871: Hamilton, $220,548,543; Cuyahoga, $82,288,583; Montgomery, $43,455,440; Franklin, $45,725,274; Lucas, $20,990,480.

Total amount of State tax: Hamilton, $523,049.60; Cuyahoga, $238,634.44; Montgomery, $126,020.28; Franklin, $132,603.29; Lucas., $46,553.06.

Total amount of local taxes: Hamilton, $3,967,603.46; Cuyahoga, $1,235,557.56; Montgomery, $556,257.61 ; Lucas, $689,520.69; Franklin, $613,228.52.

Total valuation of taxable property for 1872: Hamilton,

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$215,359,685; Cuyahoga, $85,138,221; Montgomery, $45,913,080; Franklin, $47,073,890; Lucas, $21,588,240.

It will be noted that the amount of taxable property of Franklin county is over two million dollars more than that of Montgomery county, and more than twice that of Lucas. At the same time, the proportion of local taxation to taxable property is less in Franklin county than in either of the five counties named, and not half as much as it is in Lucas. In fact, Franklin is one of the lightest taxed counties in Ohio.

Total amount of city tax of the five largest cities in the State, with the total valuation of taxable property: Cincinnati—valuation, $175,084,296; city tax, $2,171,045.27; Cleveland—valuation, $59,728,871; city tax, $925,793.49; Columbus—valuation, $24,395,850; city tax, $214,683.48; Dayton—valuation, $19,901,940; city tax, $189,068.43; Toledo—valuation, $16,518,850; city tax, $290,731.76.

The reader will notice that the amount of taxable property of Columbus is $8,383,090 more than Toledo, and at the same time the city taxes of Columbus are less than Toledo by $76,048.28. Take the city of Cleveland, with a property valuation of only $35,333,021 more than Columbus—she has a city tax of $711,110.01 more than this city; facts which show clearly that Columbus is the lightest taxed city in the State.

The indebtedness of the five principal cities of the State is: Cincinnati, $5,769,411.37; Cleveland, $1,436,712.24; Columbus, $1,065,179; Toledo, $806,066.02; Dayton, $715,650.

THE PLACE FOR THE INVESTMENT OF CAPITAL.

In comparing the prices of real property in Columbus with those in other cities, there will be found no fictitious values here; no inflation, which is sure to react, and has already retarded the growth and prosperity of many other places. It will be found, for instance, that real estate is actually sold, and investments made here, both in city and suburban property, at less rates than in other cities of Ohio, far inferior in advantages and facilities for trade, manufacturing, and general business. At the same time, if regard be had to the probable rapid and profitable increase in the value of real property, few cities in

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the West will be found offering equal inducements for the investment of capital in such property. Property in the city and its vicinity has been for some time, and still is, steadily and healthily, and, we may add, largely, augmenting its prices. There is every reason to assure us that the ratio of increase will be still greater and greater; and that the prices of Iots and lands in and around our city will, in many cases, in a few years, be doubled, trebled, and quadrupled.

There are but few 'Western cities to be compared with Columbus in railroad facilities. Here, trunk lines of railroad, with numerous connections, diverge for long distances, tapping the agricultural and mineral districts. of Ohio and other States. Our city, in fact, is situated almost within the greatest and richest mineral region in the West; and she may be said to have an inexhaustible supply of coal and iron at her own door. Besides, she is surrounded by a rich agricultural and stock raising country. Columbus is, moreover, in close connection with the whole State. From most points in the State, a trip can be made to Columbus and return on the same day; that is, between daylight and early bed-time, affording a considerable time for the transaction of business in the city.

It may be urged that cities having water transportation possess great advantages; but shippers now make but little difference between railroad and water transport, since competing railroads make reduced freights, and transfers must be made, including elevator charges, etc. Time is also an object of great importance, both as regards the fluctuations of the markets and the interest on cash capital invested.

It is true that Columbus is dependent on the lake for her lumber, and Lake Superior ores to mix with our native ores for producing the finer grades of malleable iron. In taking this fact into account, it must be considered that we have rapid and easy connections by rail with several harbors on the lake, and the competition of dealers and railroads will greatly reduce the cost to us of the lumber and ore transported, especially as the cars which bring us those. articles can be returned laden with our coal and other productions.

Columbus excels other cities, especially in her advantages for

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manufacturing. She has coal and iron in abundance; the one for the creation of power, and the other for the manufacture of machinery and other products from iron on a grand scale. She has, besides, of easy access, the raw material for other manufactures without limit.

The progress that Columbus has made in wealth, population, and general prosperity since the introduction of railroads and other great improvements into the Western country, and her present progressive stage, afford an ample guaranty as to her future. To those who seek a profitable and safe investment of capital, there is no more promising field.

CHAPTER VIII.

MUNICIPAL GOVERNMENT.

THE CITY HALL,

THIS is one of the most beautiful and imposing public edifices that adorn the capital of Ohio. As a manifestation of public

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spirit thrift, and enterprise, it is a structure of which the citizens of Columbus may well be proud. It presents its lofty, bold, and imposing front on the south side of State street, and nearly opposite the southern front of the State Capitol. The building is 187 feet long, by 80 feet in width, and 98 feet in height, from the ground to the roof. The front has an altitude of 140 feet from the ground to the top of the tower.

SOME OF THE MATERIAL USED.—There are in the structure 2,500,000 bricks, 4,000 perches of stone, 3,500,000 feet of lumber, five tons of nails, and 20,000 feet of glass. The front is composed of Amherst stone, of a dark cream color.

GENERAL DESCRIPTION.—On the west and north of the building is an arcade, affording free access to the apartment designed for the post-office, which is situated on the right. The main entrance is at the north side of the building, beneath seven lancet archways, the three central ones of which are surmounted by a balcony. The upper tiers of windows are lancet-headed, corresponding to the archways. The post-office apartment is 98 feet long by 22 feet wide, and has a fire-proof room in the rear, 30 feet by 20 in dimensions. On the opposite side of the central lobby is the library room, 110 feet long by 26 feet wide. In the rear is the apartment used by the Board of Trade, 58 feet long and 40 feet wide. Between this and the other apartments of the first floor is a lobby running east and west, on both sides of which are stairways leading to the upper stories. The grand stairway ascends from the main entrance, where it branches off to the right and left, ascending to the corridor and the public hall. On the second floor another central hallway extends through the building, leading to the council chamber. On both sides of the central lobby of the second floor, are various rooms for the use of city officers and committees. Those on the east side are 20 by 24 feet, and those on the west are 20 by 29 feet.

THE COUNCIL CHAMBER.—The council chamber is fifty-nine feet long by forty wide, and twenty-seven feet high. It is magnificently furnished. The walls are frescoed with water colors; and the floor, within the bar, is covered with a handsome carpet of brilliant colors. Each member of the council is provided with a desk and a chair, and in the lobby, chairs are provided for

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spectators. Sofas are also placed on the inside of the bar. The chamber is brilliantly lighted by means of three chandeliers, pendent in the center, having twenty-four burners in all. The president's stand is on the west side of the apartment, and in front of it are the clerk's and reporters' desks. The walls of the room are ornamented with the portraits of prominent men and citizens. Directly back of the president's stand is the portrait of Dr. Lincoln Goodale, and on the south wall are the portraits of' Luther Donaldson, Colonel John. Noble, and R. W. McCoy. On the north wall are those of Grafton Douty, Abraham Lincoln, and Colonel P. H. Olmsted. A portrait of George Washington occupies a place on the western wall. On the east side of the chamber a door opens into a room, provided with a hat and coat-rack, and which is likewise embellished with portraits and landscapes.

THE PUBLIC HALL.—In the third story is the spacious Public Hall, one hundred and forty feet long by seventy-four feet wide, and fifty-three feet high. It is estimated to be capable of comfortably seating over three thousand people. The stage occupies the south end of the hall, and is forty-five feet wide and thirty feet deep. The hall is lighted by five chandeliers, the central one having sixty burners, and the others thirty each. The gallery at the north side is graduated and will seat five hundred persons. The entrances to the hall are sufficiently ample; the main one, which is situated at the north side, being capable of accommodating sixteen persons abreast.

There is another apartment in the third story, directly over the council chamber, which corresponds with it in size, We are not advised for what purpose it is intended. Perhaps it is designed for another council board, when Columbus shall have taken the rank, to which it is justly entitled, of a city of the first class, and have two boards of "City Fathers," instead of only one.

The building is warmed from steam generated in the basement, and contains about 2,500 feet of hot-air ducts, and about the same length of ventilating ducts.

THE BUILDERS.—The work on the City Hall was begun in

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Ray, 1869. The cost of the building was $175,000. The contractors were Messrs. Hall, Lawson & Fornoff, and the subcontractors for cut-stone work, :Messrs. William Fish & Sons. The superintendent of the work was Jacob Boswell, and the architect; R. T. Brooks. Luther Donaldson, president of the city council, was chairman of the committee who had the erection of the building in charge. He took a deep interest in the work, and gratuitously bestowed on it unremitting care and attention, that the structure might be complete in every respect, at the least possible cost.

THE OPENING.—The grand opening of the hall to public use, took place on the evening of March 28, 1872. The building was thronged on that memorable occasion by thousands of our citizens, whose admiration and delight, as they viewed the noble structure and promenaded through its spacious and well-arranged interior, were unbounded, The festivities of the evening were on a large scale; and the event will long be remembered as one of the grandest in the annals of Columbus.

THE BOROUGH OF COLUMBUS.

When the town of Columbus was laid off, in 1812, there were no human inhabitants on its site, and it consequently needed no municipal government. Gradually, however, it became peopled, and in 181.5, its population was seven hundred. But its affairs were controlled and regulated by the general laws of the State until 1816.

On the 10th of February, 1816, the Legislature passed an act incorporating the borough of Columbus. By that act the corporate authority was vested in nine councilmen, elected by the citizens of the borough. The councilmen were authorized to elect a mayor, recorder, and treasurer from their own number. The mayor was to be e.r officio president of the council. The following municipal officers were also to be elected or appointed by the council : Surveyor, marshal, clerk of the market, and a lister and appraiser for the listing and valuing of property for borough taxation. It was made the recorder's duty to make out

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the tax duplicate; and the marshal was required to collect the borough taxes.

FIRST ELECTION.—It was on the 6th day of May, 1816, that the first borough election for councilmen was held. The nine members then elected were to serve—one-third for one year, one-third for two and one-third for three years, so that three new members should be elected each year thereafter. The election was held at the Columbus Inn. At the same place, on the 13th of the same month, the members elect met and organized the municipal government of the borough of Columbus, by the appointment of a mayor and other officers.

COUNCILMEN.—The following is a list of the members of the council who served at various times during the eighteen years of the borough organization; that is, from 1816 to 1834:

Robert W. McCoy, Jeremiah Armstrong, Robert Armstrong, Henry Brown, John Cutler, Caleb Houston, John Kerr, Michael Patton, Jarvis Pike, James B. Gardiner, Christian Heyl, Win. McElvain, James Kooken, Townsend Nichols, Ralph Osborn, P. H. Olmsted, John Jeffords, Eli C. King, L. Goodale, Charles LofIand, W. T. Martin, John Greenwood, John Laughry, James Robinson, John W. Smith, Win. Long, Joel Buttles, Nathaniel McLean, Joseph Ridgway, George Jeffries, John Warner, Robert Brotherton, Jonathan Neereamer, Robert Riorden, Samuel Parsons, John Patterson, Moses B. Spurgion.

BOROUGH OFFICERS.—The following are the officers appointed by the council during the existence of the borough of Columbus, with the dates of the several appointments

MAYORS.—Jarvis Pike, appointed in 1810; John Kerr, 1818; Eli C. King, 1820; John Laughry, 1823; W. T. Martin, 1824; James Robinson, 1827; Wm. Long, 1828; P. H. Olmsted, 1833,

RECORDERS.—R. W. McCoy, 1816; James B. Gardiner, 1818; Ralph Osborn, 1819; John Kerr, 1820; W. T. Martin, 1823; Wm. Long, 1824; L. Goodale, 1828; N. McLean, 1831 ; R. Osborn, 1832; John Patterson, 1833.

MARSHALS.—Samuel King, 1816 ; James Fisher, 1818 ; Wm. Richardson, 1819 ; Samuel Shannon, 1820 ; Benjamin Sells, 1824; Samuel Shannon, 1825; John Kelly, 1827; Benjamin Sells, 1828;

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J. G. Goodman, 1830 ; John Kelly, 1831 ; Benjamin Sells, 1832; George B. Harvey, 1833.

TREASURERS.--Robert Armstrong, 1816; Christian Heyl,1818; R. W. McCoy, 1828.

SURVEYORS.—John Kerr, 1816 ; Jeremiah McLene, 1820; John Kerr, 1821; Jeremiah McLene, 1823 ; Joseph Ridgway, Jr., 1831; Byron Kilbourne, 1832.

Mr. Kilbourne, in pursuance to an order o the council, surveyed the borough, and planted corner Ku i s at the street crossings, for landmarks.

CLERKS OF THE MARKET.—William Long, 1816; William Richardson, 1818 ; Samuel Shannon, 1820 ; John Kelly, 1827 Benjamin Sells, 1828 ; Julius G. Godman, 1830 ; John Kelly, 1831; Benjamin Sells, 1832; George B. Harvey, 1833.

THE CITY OF COLUMBUS.

Columbus was incorporated as a city by an act of the Legislature passed March 3, 1834, and divided into three wards. The First ward embraced all the corporation north of State street; the Second, all between State and Rich streets; and the Third, all south of Rich street.

The act provided that each ward should be represented by four councilmen, to be elected on the second 41onday of April next ensuing. In the first council board, the terms of service of the members was to be determined by lot, so that one new Inelnber should be elected annually from each ward. A mayor was to be elected biennially by the people. The other municipal officers were to be appointed by the council, who were also empowered to fill a vacancy in the office of mayor by appointment.

FIRST CITY ELECTION.—The first election under the new city charter was held on the 14th, being the second Monday of April, 1834. It resulted in the election of John Brooks for mayor for two years.

TRUSTEES OR COUNCILMEN.—The following is a list of the trustees or councilmen froia the several wards, for each year, from the organization of the city of Columbus down to the present time, the numbers of' the wards being designated by figures:

1834-1. Henry Brown, Otis Crosby, Robert W. McCoy

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Joseph Ridgway, Sr.; 2. Wm Long, Jonathan Neeramer, Francis Stewart, Noah H. Swayne; 3. Christian Heyl, Wm. T. Martin, Win. Miner, John Patterson.

1835-1. Henry Brown, Elijah Converse, Robert W. McCoy, Joseph Ridgway, Sr.; 2. William Long, Jonathan Neeramer, Moylen Northup, Noah H. Swayne; 3. Christian Heyl, Wm. T. Martin, Wm. Miner, John Patterson.

1836-1. Henry Brown, resigned September 12th, and Moses H. Kirby elected; Elijah Converse, Robert W. McCoy, Joseph Ridgway, Sr. ; 2. Arvra Buttles, Jonathan Neeramer, Moylen Northup, Noah H. Swayne; 3. W. T. Martin, Wm. Miner, John Patterson, M. B. Wright.

1837-1. Elijah Converse, resigned April 13th, and L. N. Champion appointed, who resigned March 12, 1838, and John L. Gill elected; Moses H. Kirby, resigned, and John Noble elected March 12, 1838; R. W. McCoy; Joseph Ridgway, Sr., resigned April 17th, and Joseph Ridgway, Jr., elected; 2. Arvra Battles, Matthew J. Gilbert, Jonathan Neeramer, Moylen Northup; 3. A. G. Hibbs, W. T. Martin, John Patterson, M. B. Wright, resigned September 4th, and John Greenwood elected.

1838-1. John L. Gill, R. W. McCoy, John Noble, Joseph Ridgway, Jr.; 2. Arvra Buttles, resigned, and Philip Reed elected October 2d; M. J. Gilbert, M. Northup, John Wilson; 3. John Greenwood, A. G. Hibbs, W. T. Martin, John Patterson, resigned April 16th, and James Bryden elected.

1839-1. Bela Latham, R. W. McCoy, John Noble, Joseph Ridgway, Jr.; 2. M. J. Gilbert, Philip Reed, Joseph Whitehill, John Wilson; 3. James Bryden, John Greenwood, A. G. Hibbs, Wm. Miner.

1840-1. Robert Cutler, Bela Latham, John Noble removed from city, and Jacob Strickler appointed, March 9th; Joseph Ridgway, Jr. ; 2. M. J. Gilbert, R. W. McCoy, Joseph White-hill, John Wilson; 3. James Bryden, John Greenwood, A. G. Hibbs, Win. Miner.

1841-1. Robert Cutler, Bela. Latham. resigned May 4th, and Thomas Wood elected by council; Joseph Ridgway, Jr., Jacob Strickler; 2. Wm. Armstrong, R. W. McCoy, Joseph Whitehill,

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John Wilson, resigned April 1st, and Justin Morrison appointed; 3. James Bryden, John Greenwood, A. G. Hibbs, Wrn. Miner.

1842-1. Robert Cutler, Justin Morrison, Joseph Ridgway, Jr., Jacob Strickler; 2. Wm. Armstrong, R. W. McCoy, Robert Russell, Joseph Whitehill; 3. James Bryden, John Greenwood, A. G. Hibbs, Wm. Miner.

1843-1. David Evans, W. A. Gill, Joseph Ridgway, Jr,, John Taylor; 2. William Armstrong; Joseph N. Glazier, R. W. McCoy, Robert Russell; 3. James Bryden, Wm. Harrison, A. G. Hibbs, Alfred P. Stone.

1844-1. Richard Jones, John Miller, Joseph Ridgway, Jr., Robert Riorden; 2. Win. Armstrong, Henry Butler, Joseph N. Glazier, R. W. McCoy; 3. Frederic Cole, John Funston, Oliver P. Mines, Cornelius Jacobs.

1845-1. Richard Jones, John Miller, Joseph Ridgway, Jr., Robert Riorden ; 2. Win. Armstrong; Henry Butler, Jr., Jos. i4. Glazier, R. W. McCoy; 3. Wm. Harrison, 0. P. Hines, Cornelius Jacobs, John Walton.

1846-1. Richard Jones, John Miller, Robt. Riorden: 2. Benjamin Blake, Joseph Ridgway, Jr., Edward N. Slocum; 3. Wm. Armstrong, Clark Higgins, R. W. McCoy; 4. James Bryden, William Harrison, John Walton; 5. Louis Roster, Solomon Lighter, Asa Walling.

1847-1. Luther Hillery, Richard Jones, John Miller; 2. Benjamin Blake, Joseph Ridgway, Jr., Edward N. Slocum, resigned March 23, 1848, and Joseph Whitehill appointed; 3. William Armstrong, Clark Higgins, R. W. McCoy; 4. James Bryden, William Harrison, Thomas F. Jones; 5. Louis Roster, Solomon Lighter, Asa Walling.

1848-1. Luther Hillery, Richard Jones, John Miller; 2. Benjamin Blake, Robert Cutler, Joseph Ridgway, Jr.; 3. William Armstrong, Lucian Buttles, R. W. McCoy; 4. James Bryden, Thomas F. Jones, John Walton; 5. Louis Hoster, Solomon Lighter, Asa Walling.

1849-1. Luther Hillery, Richard Jones, John Miller; 2. Benj. Blake, Robt. Cutler, Jos. Ridgway, Jr.; 3. William Armstrong, Lucian Buttles, R. W. McCoy; 4. John Butler, Thos. F. Jones, Wm. Miner; 4. Louis Roster, James H. Stauring, Asa Walling.

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1850-1. Richard Jones, John Miller, Robert Riorden; 2. J. Wm. Baldwin, Benj. Blake. Robert Cutler; 3. William Armstrong, Lucian Buttles, R. W. McCoy; 4. John Butler, Thos. F. Jones, resigned December 9th, and Wm, T. Martin appointed, Wm. Miner; 5. Louis Roster; James H. Stauring, Asa Walling.

1851-1. Richard Jones, John Miller, Robert Riorden; 2. J. Wm. Baldwin, Benj. Blake, Robert Cutler; 3. Wm. Armstong, Robert Hume, R. W. McCoy; 4. John Butler, Theo. Comstock, William Miner; 5. Louis Roster, John Rader, Jaynes H. Stauring.

1852-1. John Miller, John Noble, Robert Riorden; 2. J. Wm. Baldwin, Benj. Blake, Robert Cutler; 3. William Armstrong, Robert Hume, Jr., R. W. McCoy; 4. John Butler, Theodore Comstock, Win. Miner; 5. Louis Roster, John Rader, Jas. H. Stauring.

1853-The act of May 3, 1852, for the organization of cities and villages having taken effect, new members of the Council were elected in accordance therewith; and two of the old members from each ward holding over until the expiration of their terms, there were four councilmen to each ward during this year, and three during 1854.

1. Wm. Dennison, Jr., Myron P. Howlett, John Miller, John Noble; 2. J. Wm. Baldwin, Benj. Blake. Robert Cutler, Luther Donaldson; 3. Wm. Domigan, Robert Hume, Jr., R. W. McCoy, resigned July 25th, and Lucian Buttles elected August 20th, Dwight Stone; 4. John Butler, Theo. Comstock, Augustus S. Decker, Wm. Miner; 5. Louis Roster, John Rader, Jacob Reinhard, Jas. H. Stauring.

1854---1. Wm. Dennison, Jr., John Noble, Henry Wilson; 2. J. William Baldwin, Benj. Blake, Luther Donaldson; 3. Lucian Buttles, Wm. Domigan, Robert Hume, Jr.; 4. Theo. Comstock, A. S. Decker, Wm. Miner; 5. Louis Hester, Jacob Reinhard, Jas. H. Stauring.

1855-John Noble, Henry Wilson, resigned July 9th, and B. B. Adams elected July 30th ; 2. Luther Donaldson, Thomas V. Hyde, expelled January 28, 1856, and George Gere elected February 18, 1856; 3. William Domigan, Robert Hume; 4. Theo. Comstock, A. S. Decker; 5. Jacob Reinhard, Jas. H. Stauring.

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1856-1. John Noble, James M. Westwater, resigned October 13th, and George W. Cushman elected November 4; 2. Francis Collins, George Gere; 3. Theo. Comstock, Wm. Domigan; 4. A. S. Decker, John F. Ijams; 5. Jacob Reinhard, James H.

Stauring.

1857-1. Haldeman Crary, Geo. W. Cushman; 2. Francis Collins, Jos. H. Riley; 3. Theo. Comstock, C. P. L. Butler; 4. John F. Ijams, J. E. St. Clair; 5. Jacob Reinhard, James H.

Stauring.

1858-1. Grafton Douty, H. Crary; 2. Thos. Arnold, Jos. H. Riley; 3. Theo. Comstock, C. P. L. Butler; 4. John Ijams, J. E. St. Clair; 5. Jacob Reinhard, Jas. H. Stauring.

1859-1. Thomas A. Jones, Grafton Douty; 2. Luther Donaldson, Thomas Arnold; 3. C. P. L. Butler, Theo. Comstock; 4. Joseph H. Riley, John Ijams; 5. James H. Stauring, Jacob

Reinhard.

The seat of Thomas A. Jones, as councilman from the First ward, was contested by Haldeman Crary, on the ground that illegal votes had been cast for Jones by his own procuring. After the contest was begun, and before a decision was reached, Jones resigned, June 13th, and Samuel E. Ogden was elected.

1860-1. G. Douty, S. E. Ogden; 2. Albert B. Buttles, L. Donaldson; 3. Theo. Comstock, C. P. L. Butler; 4. Isaac Eberly, Jos. H. Riley; 5. L. J. Moeller, Jas. H. Stauring.

1861-1. L. L. Smith, G. Douty; 2. L. Donaldson, A. B. Buttles; 3. A. O. Blair, Theo. Comstock; 4. Horace Wilson, Isaac Eberly; 5. Jas. H. Stauring, L. J. Moeller.

1862-1. G. Douty, L. L. Smith; 2. A. B. Buttles, L. Donaldson; 3. Alfred S. Glenn, C. P. L. Butler; 4. Isaac Eberly, Horace Wilson; 5. John J. Rickly, Jas. H. Stauring.

1863-1. Amos McNairy, G. Douty; 2. L. Donaldson, A. B. Buttles; 3. John Graham, A. S. Glenn; 4. John G. Thompson, Isaac Eberly; 5. Jacob Reinhard, J. J. Rickly; 6. John Rader, Fred. Jaeger; 7. Walstein Failing, Horace Wilson; 8. E. B. Armstrong, Frank Howard; 9. Daniel Carmichael, William Naghten. Amos MeNairy, councilman from the First ward, having died in September, Jas. Patterson was elected October 13th.

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1864-1. G. Douty, James Patterson; 2. A. B. Bottles, L. Donaldson; 3. Silas N. Field, John Graham; 4. Brimfield Gilmore, John G. Thompson; 5. J. J. Rickly, Jacob Reinhard; 6. Fred. Jaeger, John Rader; 7. Wm. R. Gayer, Horace Wilson; 8. John Miller, E. B. Armstrong; 9. Wm. Naghten, Daniel Carmichael.

1865-1. James Patterson, G. Douty; 2. L. Donaldson, A. B. Battles; 3. Theo. Comstock, S. N. Field; 4. Ebenezer Barcus, Jr., B. Gilmore; 5. Jas. II. Stauring, Jacob Reinhard; 6. Newton Gibbons, Fred. Jaeger; 7. Wm. L. Ross, Wm. H. Laver; 8. Henry F. Booth, John Miller; 9. C. W. Douty, Wm, Naghten.

1866-1. Robert Chadwick, Jas. Patterson; 2. Wm. J. Fell, L. Donaldson; 3. Jesse C. Toll, Theo. Comstock; 4. Isaac S. Beekey, E. Barcus, Jr.; 5. Christ. Kammerer, Jacob Reinhard; 6. Fred. Jaeger, Newton Gibbons; 7. 'Wm. H. Laver, Win. L. Ross; 8. E. B. Armstrong, Henry F. Booth;

9. Wm. Naghten, Charles W. Douty.

1867-1. James Patterson, Robert Chadwick ; 2. L. Donaldson, W. J. Fell; 3. Theo. Comstock, J. C. Toll; 4. D. McAllister, Isaac S. Beekey; 5. Jacob Reinhard, C. Kammerer; 6. Newton Gibbons, Fred. Jaeger; 7. Wm. L. Ross, Win. H. Gayer; 8. Thos. Bergin, E. B. Armstrong; 9. John Caren, Wm. Naghten.

1868-1. Robt. Chadwick, Jas. Patterson; 2. John J. Janney, L. Donaldson; 3. Wm. McDonald, Theo. Comstock; 4. Isaac S. Beekey, Daniel McAllister; 5. John Knopf, Jacob Reinhard; 6. Marcus Frankel, Newton Gibbons; 7. Wm. Wall, Wm. L. ,Ross; 8. E. B. Armstrong, Thos. Bergin, 9. John Caren, Wm. Naghten.

1869-1. John Uncles, Robt. Chadwick; 2. L. Donaldson, J. J. Janney; 3. Theo. Comstock, Win. McDonald; 4. John G. Thompson, Isaac S. Beekey; 5. Jacob Reinhard, John Knopf; 6. Newton Gibbons, Marcus Frankel; 7. David F. Suydam; Wm. Wall; 8. L. L. Smith, E. B. Armstrong; 9. John Caren, Win. Naghten, killed by a railroad train, January 7, 1870, and Martin Kelley elected.

1870-1. Robt. Chadwick, John Uncles; 2. J. J. Janney, L.

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Donaldson; 3. Win. McDonald, Theo. Comstock; 4. Lorenzo English, John G. Thompson; 5. Geo. Beck, Jacob Reinhard; 6. Marcus Frankel, Newton Gibbons; 7. John Gore, David F. ,Suydam; 8. P. J. Lofland, L. L. Smith; 9. Martin Kelley, John

Caren.

1871-1. Isaac B. Potts, Robert Chadwick; 2. L. Donaldson, J. J. Janney; 3. Theo. Comstock, Wm. McDonald; 4. Louis Zettler, Lorenzo English; 5. Jacob Reinhard, Geo. Beck; 6. Jonas Pletch, Marcus Frankel; 7. David F. Suydam, John Gore; 8. L. L. Smith, Perry J. Lofland; 9. John Walsh, Martin Kelley.

1872-1. R. C. Hull, Isaac B. Potts; 2. John G. Mitchell, L. Donaldson; 3. J. R. Flowers, Theo. Comstock; 4. Lorenzo English, Louis Zettler; 5. J. U. Rickenbaeker, Jacob Reinhard;

6. Jonas Pletch, Marcus Frankel, who, having died suddenly in the early part of this year, August Liebfarth was elected; 7. Chas. Kemmerle, David F. Suydam; 8. Wm. Williams, L.L. Smith; 9. E. L. Hinman, John Walsh; 10. Martin Kelley, Jos. H. Fuller; 11. H. Mithof, C. C. Smith.

CITY OFFICERS.

The following is a list of the other municipal officers of Columbus, since its organization as a city, with the dates of their election or appointment:

MAYORS.-John Brooks, 1834; John Bailache, 1835; Warren Jenkins, 1836; Philo H. Olmsted, 1838; John G. Miller, 1840; Thomas Wood, 1841; A. J. McDowell, 1842; S. E. Wright, 1843; Alex. Patton, 1845; A. S. Decker, 1846; Alex. Patton, 1847; Lorenzo English, 1850; Wray Thomas, 1861; James G. Bull, 1865; George W. Meeker, 1869; James G. Bull, 1871.

PRESIDENTS OF CITY COUNCIL.-Robert W. McCoy, who had been a member of the borough council from its first organization in 1816, was made the first president of the new city council in 1834, and was continued in that office by successive re-elections until his resignation in July, 1853. William Miner was elected to fill the vacancy. The succeeding presidents were: Theodore Comstock, elected in 1854; Henry Wilson, 1855; Theodore Comstock, 1856, Luther Donaldson, 1859; Jacob Reinhard, 1863; Grafton Douty, 1865.

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In 1866, the contest in the election of It President was continued from the first meeting of the council, in April, to the 16th of that month, when Theodore Comstock was declared elected on the 287th ballot. The validity of this election being disputed, and the Democratic- members not attending, there was no meeting of the council for the transaction of business, until July 26th, when, by agreement, a meeting was held, at which Mr. Comstock tendered his resignation as president, and Luther Donaldson was elected to that office.

Jacob Reinhard was elected president of the council in 1867, and William Naghten in 1868 and again in 1869. Mr. Naghten having been killed by being accidentally run over by a railroad train, on the 7th of January, 1870, Luther Donaldson was elected to fill the vacancy, and was continued president of the council till 1872, when Theodore Comstock was elected to the office.

RECORDERS.—William T. Martin, 1834; William Miner, 1839, and Joseph Ridgway, Jr., 1843, and continued till 1850, when the office was abolished.

CITY CLERKS.—B. F. Martin, 1840; Joseph Dowdall, 1857 J. J. Funston, 1861; Joseph Dowdall, 1864; Levi E. Wilson, 1866.

CITY TREASURERS.—William Long, appointed in 1834; Jonathan Neereamer, 1836; John Greenwood, 1838; William Armstrong, 1843; Thomas P. Morten, 1862.

By act of the Legislature, passed April 29, 1862, the office of city treasurer was abolished in cities of the second class, and the county treasurer was required to discharge the duties of such city treasurer.

CITY SOLICITORS.—This office was created in 1851, and filled by appointment or election as follows: James L. Bates, 1851 ; Henry F. Page, 1852; Henry C. Noble, 1852; Emory Butler, 1853; James A. Wilcox, 1854; Francis Collins, 1861; Hawley I. Wylie, 1865; E. F. Bingham, 1867; Francis Collins, 1871.

CITY MARSHALS.—Abraham Stotts, 1834; Geo. B. Harvey, 1836; Geo. Riorden, 1843; Geo. B. Harvey, 1844; John Whitzell, 1847; John H. Turney, 1851 ; James Stephens, 1852; H. M. Warkeman, 1854 ; John B. Coffroth, 1857; Samuel Thomp-

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son, 1861 ; Adam Stephens, 1865 ; Patrick Murphy, 1866 Charles Engelke, 1869.

CITY SURVEYORS.—C. R. Prezriminsky, 1834; J. A. Lapham, 1835; Nathaniel Medberry, 1836; John Field, 1837; Uriali Lathrop, 1838; N. B. Kelly, 1841 ; Uriah Lathrop, 1844. In 1857, the office was superseded by that of city civil engineer.

CITY CIVIL ENGINEERS—Philip D. Fisher, 1857; H. W. Jaeger, 1.868; Benjamin F. Bowen, 1869; John Graham, 1872.

CLERKS OR SUPERINTENDENTS OF MARKETS.—Abraham Stotts, 1834; George B. Harvey, 1836; George Riorden, 1843; John Whitzell, 1844 ; George B. Harvey, 1845; Jacob Turney, 1846 George B. Harvey, 1848 ; Isaac Marple, 1852; J. W. Watson 1855; Samuel Ross, 1857; Benjamin Monett, 1859; Daniel McAllister, 1863; J. J. Funston, 1i,65; John G. Hartman, 1867; C. K. Cuckler, 1869.

STREET COMMISSIONERS.--John N. Dellicker, 1857; Washington Dickson, 1859; Bernard McNally, 1863; Lorenz Aumiller, 1869.

DIVISION INTO WARDS.—The city, under the original charter of 1834, was divided into three wards, each represented by four trustees or councilmen. In February, 1846, it was redistricte I into five wards. The First ward included all the municipality north of Gay street; the Second, all between Gay and State streets; the Third, all between State and Rich streets ; the fourth, all between Rich and Mound streets, and the Fifth, all south of' Mound street.

Each ward was to be represented by three trustees or councilmen, making the council consist of fifteen members. But, by an act of the Legislature, passed May 3, 1852, for the organization of cities and incorporated villages, the number of councilmen was fixed at two from each ward. Under this act two councilmen were elected from each ward on the first Monday of April, 1853. A doubt having arisen as to the true construction of that part of the act relating to the holding over of councilmen whose terms had not expired, two of these from each ward held over, so that the new council for 1853 consisted of twenty members, or four from each ward. The next year, it consisted of three members from each ward, and in 1855, it was reduced

126 - STUDER'S COLUMBUS, OHIO.

to ten members, or two from each ward, the number required by the act of 1853. And such has been the rule since.

The city in 1862 was divided into nine wards, each comprising the following territory

FIRST WARD.—All lying north of Broad street, west of the center of High street, and south of the center of North Public Lane extended.

THE SECOND WARD.—All south of the center of Gay street extended, east of the center of High street, and north of the center of State street extended.

THE THIRD WARD.-All south of the center of State street, east of the center of High, and north of the center of Rich street, and east of East Public Lane—the south boundary running along the north line of Rickly's subdivision extended.

THE FOURTH WARD.—All east of the center of High street, and between the Third ward and Mound street.

THE FIFTH WARD.—All east of the canal, and between the centers of Mound street and South Public Lane, and the Livingston road.

THE SIXTH WARD.—All south of the Fifth ward.

THE SEVENTH WARD.-All south of the center line of Broad street, west of High, and north of the center of Mound street.

THE EIGHTH WARD.—All east of the center of High street, and between the center line of Gay street extended and North Public Lane, to the eastern limit of the city.

THE NINTH WARD.—All north of the center of North Public Lane.

In 1872 the city was divided into eleven wards, the present number, each including the following territory:

THE FIRST WARD.-All between the center of Broad street extended west to the corporation line, and the center of Naghten street extended west to the same line, and west of the center of High street.

THE SECOND WARD.—All east of the center of High street, and between the center of Gay street extended east to the corporation line, and the center of State street extended east to the same line.

THE THIRD WARD.-All east of the center of High street. and

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between the center of State street extended east to the corporation line, and the center of Rich street extended east to the same line.

THE FOURTH 'WARD.—All east of the center of High street, and between the center of Rich street extended east to the corporation line, and the center of Mound street extended east to the same line.

THE FIFTH WARD.—All east of the center of High street, and between the center of Mound extended east to the corporation line, and the center of South Public Lane, extended east to the same line.

THE SIXTH WARD.—All cast of the center of High street, extended south to the corporation line, and south of the center of South Public Lane, extended cast to the same line.

THE SEVENTH WARD.—All west of the center of High street, and between the center of Broad street extended west to the corporation line, and the center of Mound street extended west to the sane line.

THE EIGHTH WARD.—All east of the center of High street, and between the center of Gay street extended east to the corporation line, and the center of Naghten street, and the center of the Johnstown road, extended east to the corporation line.

THE NINTH WARD. All east of the center of High street extended along the center of the Columbus and Worthington plank-road to the north line of the corporation, and north of the center of Naghten street and the center of the Johnstown road, extended east to the corporation line.

THE TENTH WARD.—All west of the center of High street extended along the center of the Columbus and Worthington plank-road to the north corporation line, and north of the center of Naghten street extended west to the corporation line.

THE ELEVENTH WARD.-All west of the center of High street extended south to the corporation line, and south of the center of Mound street extended west to the salve line.

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CITY FINANCES.

The following statements are taken from the reports of the Standing Committee of Ways and Means and of the City Clerk to the City Council, for the fiscal year ending April 8, 1872:

GENERAL EXPENSE FUND.-The receipts were:

THE STEAM AND PAID FIRE DEPARTMENT.

In the year 1854, a committee of the city council of Columbus reported in favor of purchasing a steam fire-engine. This report was printed, and circulated among the citizens, together with a minority report. The city council of Cincinnati, in 1852, had witnessed a public experiment with a steam fire-engine in that city, and contracted for a steam-engine on the same plan. This engine was placed in service under a company organized and put under pay by the city. Thus the first paid fire company to operate with steam, was brought into existence, the first of the kind in this age or country. In 1853, a few months later, their entire fire department was changed from hand to steam. It was a great step forward for the benefit of the Queen City and the whole country. The purchase of a steam fire-engine for Columbus was now determined on, but the transition from the old to the new system was not, however, made without difficulties. It needed firmness and determination to stem the tide of opposition. These qualities were found in the chairman

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of the standing committee on the fire department, Luther Donaldson. who took the matter in hand. Through his indefatigable exertions, Columbus wits the fourth city in the country to

GAY STREET ENGINE HOUSE.

adopt a steam and paid fire department. A new fire ordinance was adopted October 29, 1855. The same year, C. M. Ridgway

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was elected engineer to take charge of the engine when it should arrive. J. C. Kenyon was elected chief engineer. On the 8th of September, the committe on fire department, Messrs. Donaldson, Decker, and Hume started for Cincinnati, to witness the trial of our new steamer Columbus, for such was then its name. In the trial it burst one of its steam-pipes, and our citizens were disappointed in not receiving their engine at the appointed time. On Friday, October 2, the long looked-for engine arrived, accompanied by its builder, Mr. Latta. An entertainment was given in honor of the occasion at the Neil House. The engine was accepted by the city authorities and placed in the house then recently erected for it on Third street. The cost of the engine was $6,000. Thus, Cincinnati was the first, New Orleans the second, Boston the third, and Columbus the fourth, in bringing about this great change.

At a meeting of the city council on November 19, 1860, Joseph H. Riley offered a resolution looking to the purchasing of two steam fire-engines. A committee of practical engineers, citizens of Columbus, was appointed to examine and report to the council in regard to the utility of purchasing the steam rotary fire-engine, constructed by H. C. Silsby, of Seneca Falls, New York. This committee reported, on the evening of December 11th, in favor of purchasing the engine. The council accepted their report, and the following resolution was adopted:

"WHEREAS, A committee of practical engineers, citizens of Columbus, has presented a unanimous report in favor of the steam fire-engine, manufactured by H. C. Silsby, which has been on exhibition and trial for several days, since which time the expression favorable to the increase of steam power in lieu of hand-engines is found to be quite general; therefore, be it

"Resolved, That so much of the resolution instructing the purchasing of hand-engines, etc., be and the same is hereby rescinded, and a first class steamer for service be substituted."

The council now enacted a new fire ordinance, placing the fire department under the control, of one head, and, looking to the interest of the whole community, selected by a unanimous vote, John Miller, banker, as the future chief, who undertook the task of organizing and bringing the new department into

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working order. Under his administration the third steamer was purchased. And after serving as chief engineer for nearly three years. he tendered his resignation to the council, which was, with reluctance, accepted by that body. The Columbus steam fire department had met the expectations of its early friends. The superiority of the steam system was now a fixed filet; its superiority over muscular power had been demonstrated.

SOUTH HIGH STREET ENGINE HOUSE.

The chiefs of the Fire Department succeeding Mr. Miller were Isaac H. Marrow, from 1864 to 1868, and William S. Huffman, from 1868 to 1869. Henry Heinmiller, the present chief, assumed the office in 1869.

PRESENT OFFICERS AND MEMBERS OF THE COLUMBUS FIRE DEPARTMENT.—The Standing Committee on Fire Department—Theodore Comstock, chairman; George. Beck, Lorenzo English, Jonas Pletsch, David F. Suydam.

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Engineers of Steamers—Westly McClain, H. S. Layton, Lucas Becker.

Firemen of Steamers—Wellington Riddle, Ebenezer Myers.

Drivers of Steamers—John Peiffier, J. W. Curts.

Hosemen—Levi Thompson,. Nicholas Buffing, L. H. Peck.

Hook and Ladder—James Cleary, George W. Dickson.

Messenger—John Davidson.

Superintendent Fire Alarm Telegraph—Charles Coffroth.

Chief Engineer—H. Heinmiller.

THE FIRE ALARM TELEGRAPH SYSTEM—This system was put in successful operation in October, 1868. For several years prior to that time, the locality of a fire had been designated by signals and alarm bells striking the number of a ward or district. In 1870-71, the telegraph system was greatly improved and extended. Its cost was about $6,000. Locked boxes are provided, the keys of which are kept at designated places. These boxes contain an apparatus that, by a simple motion, enables anybody to send an alarm to the central station. The localities of these boxes are annually published. The engine-houses and the water-works are all connected by telegraph lines. Immediately on the discovery of a fire, the engine-houses are notified of the fact, and the whole city, by the tapping of the bell in the tower of the Second Presbyterian Church, and the sounding of the gongs at the engine-houses and the water-works. By the tapping of the bell and the gongs, the exact locality of the fire is made known.

There are twenty-one alarm-boxes. When a fire occurs, all that is needed is to unlock the box and pull down the hook, then the bell at the church, and the gongs at the engine-houses and the water-works strike at the same time the signal of the box, which is heard all over the city. Each signal-box has its own number of sounds, by which it is known. The wires are also connected with alarm-bells in each engine-house, and communication between the engine-houses and the water-works is carried on by the sending of telegraphic signals. The police are provided with keys to the signal-boxes, and keys to each signal-box are also placed at some convenient point in the immediate

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vicinity, so that the box can be opened and the alarm sounded at a moment's warning.

Our excellent system of Fire Alarm Telegraph, inaugurated under Colonel Marrow, and completed under Captain Hein-miller's administration, is superintended by Charles A. Coiroth.

ALARM BOXES.—The following is the location of the twenty-one alarm-boxes:

Box No. 2, stationed at Gay Street Engine House.

Box No. 3, stationed at Third Street Engine House.

Box No. 4, stationed at South High Street Engine House.

Box No. 5, stationed at Middletown.

Box No. 6, stationed at Ohio Penitentiary.

Box No. 7, stationed at Union Depot.

Box No. 12, stationed at Columbus Cabinet Company.

Box No. 13, stationed at County Infirmary.

Box No. 14, stationed at Blind Asylum.

Box No. 15, stationed at Deaf and Dumb Asylum.

Box No. 17, stationed at corner of Long and Seventh streets.

Box No. 21, stationed at Neil House.

Box No. 23, stationed at corner of Rich and High streets.

Box No. 24, stationed at corner of Fourth and Friend streets.

Box No. 25, stationed on Fifth, between Broad and Oak streets.

Box No. 26, stationed at corner of Seventh and Mound streets.

Box No. 31, stationed at corner of College and High streets.

Box No. 32, stationed at corner of Fourth and South Public Lane.

Box No. 34, stationed at corner of Spring and Water streets.

Box No. 35, stationed at High Street Car Stables.

Box No. 41, stationed at Hocking Valley Railroad Shops.

ENGINE HOUSES.—There are three two-story brick engine-houses, with stables attached, belonging to the Fire Department—the Gay Street, the Donaldson, and the South High Street Engine House. The company at the first-named house has been recently disbanded, the water-works enabling the authorities to decrease the force of the fire department.

ENGINES.—The department has four first-class rotary steam-engines, built by H. C. Silsby, Seneca Falls, New York. These are Steamer No. 1, the Ben. Blake, purchased in 1860, and sta-

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tioned at the Gay Street Engine House; Steamer No. 2, the Joseph Ridgway, purchased in 1861, and stationed at the South High Street Engine House; Steamer No. 3, the John Miller, purchased in 1863, and stationed at the Donaldson Engine House; and Steamer No. 4, the Luther Donaldson, purchased in 1867, and also stationed at the Donaldson Engine House. Of these engines, Steamers Nos. 2 and 3 are not in service.

HOSE AND HOSE-REELS.—There were in,the department, April 1, 1872, six hose-reels, two with wooden and four with iron wheels, with 4,100 feet of oak-tanned leather hose and 2000, feet of rubber hose in good order.

HOOK AND LADDER.—The department has one first-class truck, with ladders, hooks, axes, and lanterns, all complete and in good order.

STOCK.—The department has ten horses, all owned by the city, and stationed : three at the Gay Street Engine House, two for the engine and one for the Bose-reel, and one extra horse, used by the chief engineer; five at the Donaldson Engine House, two for the engine, two for the hook and ladder, and one for the hose-reel.

WELLS AND CISTERNS.—The water-works having been during 1871 fully established in the city limits, as they were before the recent annexation of territory, it was not deemed necessary to keep the city wells in repair. The cisterns are kept full of water from the water-works. There are seventy-nine city fire cisterns and fifty-eight city wells.

EXPENSE.—The department runs two steam-engines, three hose-reels, and one hook and ladder, with one chief engineer, one superintendent of fire-alarm telegraph, and twelve firemen, making a total of sixteen men, running a fire department in a city of thirty-five thousand inhabitants, at an expenditure, from March 31, 1871, to April 8, 1872: for salary of chief engineer, $1,166.66; $600 for salary of superintendent of the fire-alarm telegraph; $7,846.16 for other ordinary expenses making a total of $12,676.69.

It is now about twenty years since the subject of a water supply for Columbus, otherwise than by the excavation of wells, engaged the attention of many of its most enterprising and intelligent citizens. In April, 1853, Ex-Governor Dennison, then

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CITY WATER-WORKS.

a member of the city council, procured the unanimous adoption of a resolution instructing the general improvement committee to inquire into the practicability of the city's establishing water-works, and to report at the earliest possible day. The committee referred to, consisted at that time of John Noble, Robert Howe, Benj. Blake, Theo. Comstock, L. Roster, and H. P. Howlet. In March, 1854, the committee made a report of surveys relative to water-works, which was recommitted, with instructions to make further surveys. No other report on the subject from that committee appears of record.

Joseph Sullivant, in June, 1855, by invitation, delivered an address to the council, on supplying the city with pure water, which, on motion of Mr. Gore, was ordered to be printed in pamphlet form.

In August, 1859, Jos. H. Riley presented to the council a plan and estimate of cost for constructing water-works, by J. Ball, of Jersey City, who had been for many years engaged in building Such works. Mr. Riley then obtained the adoption of a resolution appointing Joseph Sullivant, Dr. L. Goodale, John Andrews, Gee. Gere, S. Medary, John Miller (banker), and L. Roster, to examine the report of J. Ball on city water-works, and report as

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early as practicable. This committee spent some time and labor in examining the water of Alum creek and Olentangy river, but for aught that appears to the contrary, made no report to the city council.

On motion of E. B. Armstrong, in May, 1863, a resolution was adopted, by virtue of which E. B. Armstrong, John Graham, W. Failing, G. Douty, and John G. Thompson were appointed a committee to inquire into the practicability of the construction of water-works for the city, and to report at as early a day as practicable.

On the 20th of March, 1865, Mr. Armstrong, from the select committee on waterworks, presented to the council a report, signed by E. B. Armstrong, John Graham, G. Douty, and John G. Thompson, which was referred to the committe on unfinished business. In the report as referred, the committee state that they had visited several of the most important water-works in the country, and had acquired much valuable information. They had also caused surveys to be made and streams to be measured, with careful analysis of the waters, proving eminently satisfactory.

Subsequently another committee was raised, consisting of Luther Donaldson, Jacob Reinhard, Wm. Naghten, E. B. Armstrong, James Patterson, Fred. Jaeger, and C. P. L: Butler, who, near the close of the year 1868, made a report in favor of the Holly water-works.

On Monday evening, February 7, 1870, the city council, at a regular meeting, ratified a contract with the Holly Manufacturing Company, of Lockport, New York, by which the company agreed to furnish Holly's patent elliptical rotary pumps, with capacity to throw six one-inch streams of water, at the same time, to a distance of one hundred and fifty feet in the city of Columbus, without interrupting the steady supply of water for the city for domestic purposes—the pumps to have the capacity to furnish in the aggregate four million gallons of water daily for domestic purposes. And also one gang-pump, consisting of six separate force pumps, so arranged in construction as to be operated by eccentric cams in such a manner that the plungers take suction alternately at one-sixth length of stroke, or that no

MUNICIPAL GOVERNMENT - 139

two plungers take suction in unison; therefore dispensing entirely with cessation in the discharge, and giving as nearly as practicable a uniform flow and pressure to the city pipes. These pumps to be erected in a large cast-iron frame, ornamented, with capacity to discharge for domestic use two million gallons of water daily. And, also,

One set of double-cylinder, quarter-crank and variable cutoff condensing-piston steam-engines, erected on a large heavy iron frame, and of sufficient power to perform the work specified. Also,

One rotary steam-engine, capable of driving either pump for domestic or fire purposes; three large steam-boilers, with capacity to perform the work specified; one donkey engine, with capacity adequate to all its requirements. Also,

All shafting connecting the engines with the pumps ; all necessary gears, bearings, pillow-blocks, and belts, to connect the machinery ; all steam and water connecting-pipes, steam and water-gauges; all valves required, including one large safety-valve for the purpose of discharging the surplus water from all the pumps, and a graduating hydrostatic balance connected therewith; one self-acting lever-valve to each pump, so arranged as to close the aperture or connection between the pumps, when either one or two are not in use. Also,

An automatic apparatus operated by hydrostatic pressure, and so arranged as to control the pressure of water in the pipes, varying the same as may be needed for fire streams or domestic use; one condenser and one heater containing one hundred flues; all spring couplings, steam safety-valves for boilers, and all other machinery not herein enumerated, but required to finish said machinery in a complete and workmanlike manner, and adapt the same for the use for which it is intended, not including water-suction and discharge-pipes, or any work on building or smoke-stack, or foundation for machinery or boilers. The company to pay the cost of transportation and set up the machinery in a good and workmanlike manner, finished and complete in the city of Columbus, for the sum of $55,000.

OFFICERS.—At the April election, 1870, William Monypeny, Richard Nevins, and Charles Ambos were chosen trustees of

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the Columbus water-works, At the succeeding April election, William B. Hayden was chosen in place of William Monypeny. No change was made in the board at the election in 1872.

The trustees, in 1870, appointed J. L. Pillsbury, chief engineer of construction, and Charles M. Ridgway, in 1871, superintendent of the works. The present superintendent is Frank Doherty.

The secretary of the board is J. R. Armstrong, appointed in 1870, and the engineer of the works is John Kilroy, appointed in 1871.

PROGRESS OF THE WORKS.—Mr. Pillsbury, chief engineer of construction, on the 23d of May, 1870, commenced, under the direction of the trustees, preparing specifications for pipe-laying, pipe-making, and trenching, and for building-stone and other materials for beginning the construction of water-works for the city of Columbus. Measures were taken for a vigorous prosecution of the work, and contracts made for the construction of its main portions. So far had it progressed that, on the 6th of March, 1871, abundant streams of water were thrown through hose in the Statehouse yard.

Forty-two permits for taking water were issued by the secretary previous to April 1, 1871. The General Assembly had, on the 16th of January previous, by joint resolution, authorized the trustees to excavate trenches across the Public Square, in front of the Capitol, and lay the necessary pipes and fixtures for the extension of' the waterworks of the city.

By the first of April, 1872, water-pipes had been laid throughout nearly the entire built-up portion of the city to operate as a fire protection. This involved the crossing of' the river at a point immediately west of the penitentiary, with a ten-inch wrought-iron pipe.

LENGTH OF PIPE LAID.—There had been laid, on the first of April 1872, throughout the city for distributing mains, of cast-iron pipes, varying in size from four to twenty inches in diameter, 123,264 feet, or twenty-three miles and thirty-four one-hundredths of a mile. Besides these, there had also been laid, for small distributingmains, 16,900 feet of wrought-iron pipe, varying in size from three-fourths of' an inch to two inches in

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diameter. This made a total of nearly twenty-seven miles of pipe.

FIRE PROTECTION.--AS in the general distribution of pipes, fire protection was considered of the first importance, fire-hydrants have been placed throughout the city at very convenient distances apart. There were, on the first of April, 184 Holly fire-hydrants, each having two outlets. Referring to this subject of fire protection, the trustees, in their last report, remark:

"With the late improvements in the boilers, together with the strength and capacity of the pipes, we are perfectly safe in saying that we have one of' the most reliable fire protections in the country, which fact should greatly reduce insurance upon the property of our citizens."

VALVES.—There are distributed throughout the lines of mains, of various sizes, 113 stop-valves. This distribution of valves precludes the possibility of the stoppage of the water supply from any cause, except the giving out of the large twenty-inch main, running from the works, on Spring street, as far east as Center alley.

WATER SUPPLY.—The machinery was started on the 1st of May, 1871, on regular domestic water supply, and the engines kept in Constant use day and night. Throughout the dry season of last year, the supply of water was sufficient for all domestic purposes; and only on an occasion or two, during fires, was the water from the river used. On the 1st of April last, the works were raising from the well about 550,000 gallons in twenty-four hours ; and the surface of the water in the well, at this rate, stood three feet below the surface of the river, with seven feet of' water over the surface of the suction-pipes.

Up to March 31, 1872, there had been issued 772 water permits. Water was then used from 702 hydrants or stop-cocks. In many cases, several families, offices, dwellings, etc., were supplied from the same hydrant. The total number of months for which water was paid for by all consumers, during the year ending March 31, 1872, was 6,010. The time paid for varied from one month to twelve. The average number of months to each consumer or hydrant was about eight and one-half. The aver-

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age amount paid by each was $14.82. The largest amount paid by any one consumer during the year was $220.60, and the smallest amount 42 cents. There were in use 48 meters by consumers, who paid water-rent according to the number of gallons used. Water had been supplied during the year, for building purposes, as follows : For 5,183,793 brick, for 9,455 perches of stone, and for 53,303 yards of plastering; besides, 9,220 barrels had been furnished to builders. The amount received for this water supply was $816.12.

RECEIPTS AND DISBURSEMENTS.—For the two years ending March 31, 1872, the receipts were: From permits to connect with service-pipe, $7,997.67; and from water-rents, $11,218.81, making a total of $19,216.48.

For the same period, the receipts from all sources were $459,123.69, and the disbursements $444,053.59, leaving a balance on hand March 31, 1872, of $15,070.10.

Deducting $19,754.08 receipts from old materials sold, permits and water-rents, from the total of disbursements for the two years ending March 31, 1872, $444,053.59. makes the net cost of the water-works to that date - $424,299 51

Cost of pipe delivered on the ground - $198,000

Paid Holly Manufacturing Company for machinery and boilers - 55,000

Water-works grounds - 8000

Making - $261000

This last amount of money was the actual cost of the above items, delivered on the ground, not including the cost of foundations for the machinery, the buildings themselves, the well, or the laying of pipes, together with the hydrants and valves, lead, levee, embankment and earth filling, or any portion whatever of the construction.

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CHAPTER IX.

THE COURTS AND COUNTY OFFICES.

AFTER Columbus became, in 1824, the county-seat of Franklin county, the courts were held in the United States courthouse, on the Public Square, north of the old State buildings, until 1840, when they were removed to the county. court-house.

THE SUPREME COURT.—Prior to 1824, the annual sessions of this court for Franklin county were held in Franklinton, and afterward in Columbus. The court in bank, a kind of special session of the Supreme Court, organized in 1823, and consisting of the four supreme judges, any three of whom might be a quorum in bank, was also held annually in Columbus, and its decisions reported.

By the present State Constitution, which took effect September 1, 1851, the Supreme Court consists of five judges, elected for five years, a majority of whom constitute a quorum. It is required to hold at least one term, in each year at the State capital. Since the completion of the State-house, it has held its terms in the rooms assigned it in that building.

In one of these rooms is the Law Library, in charge of a librarian appointed by the court for three years under the act passed February 9, 1867. This library is a branch of the State Library, and contained, November 15, 1871, 5,142 volumes. The first law librarian appointed was James H. Beebe, of this city, whose office is a permanent one.

The clerk of the Court of Common Pleas of Franklin county was also clerk of the Supreme Court while in session at the State capital, until the taking effect of the act of March 29, 1865, which provided for the triennial election of a clerk of that court at the State election in October. His office is in a room assigned him in the State capital, adjoining the room in which the sessions of the court are held. Rodney Foos, of Clinton county, was elected clerk of the Supreme Court in 1865, and re-elected in 1868, and again in 1871.

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Among the official reporters appointed by the Supreme Court to report its decisions, have been from this city P. B. Wilcox, in 1840-41; James H. Smith, in 1854, and L. J. Critchfield, first appointed in 1856, and still holding the office. Columbus has furnished two judges of the Supreme Court, Gustavus and Joseph R. Swan. both of whom had previously been • judges of the Court of Common Pleas.

COURT OF COMMON PLEAS.—In 1824, when the sessions of this court for Franklin county were transferred from Franklinton to Columbus, the judges were Gustavus Swan, president judge, and Edward Livingston, Samuel G . Flenniken, and Arora Buttles, associate judges. 'These judges, as well as the judges of the Supreme Court, were. previous to the going into effect of the present State Constitution, elected by the Legislature. The president judges of our Court of Common Pleas under the Con stitution of 1.802, after Gustavus Swan, were Frederick Grimke, elected in 1830; Joseph R. Swan, in 1834, and J. L. Torbet, in 1848.

The changes in the associate judges of the Franklin Common Pleas, after 1824, were as follows:

1829—William McElvain elected in Livingston's place; 1831Arora Buttles and Samuel G. Flenniken, both re-elected; 1836—Adam Reed, in place of William McElvain ; 1837—William McElvain, in place of Buttles; 1838—Christian Heyl, in place of A. Reed, deceased, and Samuel G. Flenniken, re-elected; 1843—James Dalzell, appointed in place of William McElvain, deceased; 1844—John A. Lazell, elected in place of James Dalzell; 1845—John Landes, in place of Flenniken, deceased, and C. Heyl, re-elected; 1851—William T. Martin, in place of Dalzell.

By our present Constitution, the State is divided into nine Common Pleas districts, and each district into subdivisions, in which Common Pleas judges are elected for five years by popular vote. Franklin, Pickawa.y, and Madison counties comprise the third subdivision of the fifth judicial district. James L. Bates, of Columbus, was elected Common Pleas judge for this subdivision in 1851, re-elected in 1856, and for the third time in 1861. In 1866, John L. Green, also of this city, succeeded Judge Bates. who declined a re-election. In 1871, Judge Green

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was re-elected. Joseph Olds, of Circleville, is an additional Common Pleas judge in this subdivision.

DISTRICT COURT.—This court, usually held by three Common Pleas judges of the proper judicial district, generally holds a short annual term in Franklin, as in other counties. The clerk of the Common Pleas is also clerk of the District Court, so that before the passage of the act of 1865, making the office of clerk of the Supreme Court an elective one, the clerk of the Franklin Common Pleas was also clerk of the Supreme and District Courts, as well as clerk of the Superior Court of Franklin county during its continuance.

SUPERIOR COURT.—The Superior Court of Franklin county was established by act of March 27, 1857, as a sort of adjunct to the Common Pleas, with a single judge elected by popular vote for five years, and having jurisdiction only in civil cases. Fitch James Matthews, of Columbus, was elected in April, 1857, judge of this court, and re-elected in 1862. Before the expiration of his term of office, Judge Matthews resigned on account of failing health, and J. William Baldwin, of this city, was appointed his successor. The Legislature, by an act which took effect April 1, 1865, abolished the court, and transferred its unfinished business to the Court of Common Pleas of Franklin county.

PROBATE COURT.—Under the constitution of 1802, the Courts of Common Pleas had jurisdiction of probate matters, which were generally disposed of by the associate judges for each county. But the constitution of 1851, divested the Common Pleas of this jurisdiction, and established a Probate Court in each county, to be Bolden by a single judge, elected by the people of the county for three years. At first, the Probate Court of this county, as well as others in the State, had jurisdiction in minor criminal cases. That jurisdiction was, however, taken away from our Probate Court, by an act of the Legislature, passed in May, 1862. The following is a list of the Probate Judges elected in Franklin county, all of whom were and are still residents of Columbus : William R. Rankin, elected in 1851; William Jamison, elected in 1854; Herman B. Albery, elected in 1857, and re-elected in 1860 ; and John M. Pugh, elected in 1863, and re-elected in 1866, 1869, and 1872.

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COUNTY OFFICERS.

COMMON PLEAS CLERKS.—Before the adoption of the present State Constitution, a clerk of the Common Pleas was appointed by that court in each county, for the term of seven years. In 1824. Abram I. McDowell was clerk of the Franklin Common Pleas, having been appointed in 1815, to succeed Lyne Starling, who, in 1810, had been appointed the successor of Lucas Sullivant, the first clerk of the court, appointed in 1803.

McDowell had been reappointed in 1822, and was again reappointed in 1829. His successors weer:

1836—Elijah Backus, appointed pro tempore, and continued until

1838—March 15, when Lyne Starling was appointed.

1845—Lyne Starling reappointed, but resigned in February, 1846.

1846—February 21, Lewis Heyl appointed, and continued to hold the appointment until the second Monday of February, 1852, when it was vacated by the Constitution of 1851.

The present Constitution provides for the election by the voters in each county, at the October election, of a clerk of the Common Pleas Court to serve for three years. The following are the clerks elected or appointed under the present Constitution :

Kendall Thomas was elected in 1851, Albert B. Buttles in 1854, and John L. Bryan in 1857. Mr. Bryan having died before the expiration of his term, James H. Smith, February 2, 1859, was appointed to the office, to which he was afterward elected by popular vote. Mr. Smith died during his term, and David W. Brooks, February 3,1862, was appointed to fill the vacancy. In 1861, Thomas S. Shepard was elected clerk, and re-elected in 1864. C. Lowenstein was elected to the office in 1868, and James S. Abbott in 1871.

PROSECUTING ATTORNEYS.—Prior to 1833, this office was filled by appointment of the Court of Common Pleas, and generally for an indefinite time. In 1833, the office was made elective through biennial elections by the voters of the county. In October of that year, Joseph R. Swan was elected to the office in this county; but he having been made Common Pleas judge, P.

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B. Wilcox was, in 1834, appointed prosecuting attorney, and in the fall of that year elected by the people. The prosecuting attorneys elected since have been: Moses H. Kirby, elected in 1836; William W. Backus, 1838; Lewis Heyl, 1842; L. H. Webster, 1846; Thomas Sparrow, 1848; B. F. Martin, 1850; Geo. L. Converse, 1854; J. O. Reamy, 1856; Milton H. Mann, 1866; E. T. De Laney, 1868; George K. Nash, 1870, and re-elected in 1872.

SHERIFFS.-The sheriff of this county at the time Columbus became the county-seat, in 1824, was Robert Brotherton, elected in 1823. In 1825, he was re-elected for another two years. The office was afterward filled by election, as follows: 1827, John McElvain ; 1829 and 1831, Robert Brotherton ; 1833 and 1835, Andrew McElvain ; 1837 and 1839, James Graham; 1841 and 1843, William Domigan; 1845 and 1847, John Graham; 1849 and 1851, John Greenleaf; 1853, Thomas Miller; 1855, William Miner; 1857, Silas W. Park; 1859 and 1861, George W. Huffman; 1863 and 1865, William Domigan; 1867, George H. Earhart, who died November 27, 1868; the coroner, Elias Gayer, then filled the office until Samuel Thompson, who was elected in 1869, entered upon its duties. Mr. Thompson was re-elected in 1871, and is still sheriff.

CORONERS.-The coroner of this county, in 1824, was Adam Brotherlin, elected in 1821, and re-elected in 1823. The succeeding coroners have been: Jacob Ebey, elected in 1825; Jonathan Neereamer, 1830; George Jeffries, 1835, in place of Neereamer, who had resigned; James Walcutt, 1839; A. W. Reader, 1843; Horton Howard, 1845; A. W. Reader, 1849; James W. Barbee, 1851; A. W. Reader, 1853; Elias Gayer, 1855; Patrick Eagan, 1869, re-elected in 1871, and still coroner.

COUNTY COMMISSIONERS,-County commissioners hold their offices for three years, so that regularly one is elected in each year. But this order is often broken by the occurrence of vacancies. In 1824, when Columbus became the . county-seat, Robert Armstrong was elected or appointed commissioner. Prior to that, in 1821, Mr. Armstrong and Horace Walcutt became commissioners; James Marshall in 1822, and Andrew Dill in 1823.

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The changes in the board, since 1.824, have been as follows: 1825, William Stewart; 1826, John M. Walcutt; 1827, William McElvain ; 1828, William Stewart.; 1829, Horace Walcutt and William Miner; 1830, Matthew Matthews; 1831, William Stewart; 1832, Horace Walcutt, who died the following year; 1833, John M. White and Matthew Matthews; Timothy Lee was appointed the same year in place of White, deceased; 1834, Hiram Andrews, in place of Stewart; 1835, Robert Lisle; 1836, James Bryden; 1837, R. W. Cowles, in place of Andrews; 1838, John Tipton, in place of Lisle; 1839, James Bryden, re-elected; 1840, William Kyle, in place of Cowles; 1841, Samuel S. Davis; 1.842, John Greenwood, in place of Bryden; 1843, William W. Kyle, re-elected; 1844, Samuel S. Davis, re-elected; 1845, John Clark, in place of Greenwood; 1846, Adams Stewart, in place of Kyle; 1847, Thomas J. Moorman, in place of Davis; 1848, O. P. Mines, in place of Clark; 1849, Jacob Slyh, in place of Stewart; 1850, Eli F. Jennings, in place of Moorman; 1851, Jesse Baughman, in place of Hines; 1852, C. W. Speaks, in place of Slyh; 1853, Edward Livingston, in place of Jennings; 1854, Willis Mattoon, in place of Baughman; 1855, Theodore Comstock, in place of Speaks.; 1856, Edward Livingston, re-elected; 1.857, Mattoon having died, O. P. Hines was appointed for the remainder of the year; the same year Isaac White was elected in place of Hines; 1858, David L. Holton, in place of Comstock; 1859, Holton resigned in July, and Thomas Sparrow was appointed for the remainder of the year; the same year Jacob Snyder was elected in place of Holton, and Thomas Sparrow in place of Livingston; 1860, Dennis B. Strait, in place of White; 1861, Jacob Slyh, in place of Snyder; 1862, James W. Barbee, in place of Sparrow; 1863, Dennis B. Strait, re-elected; 1864, John M. Koenner, in place of Slyh; 1865, James W. Barbee, re-elected; 1866, John G. Edwards, in place of Strait; 1867, William Gulick, inplace of Koenner; 1868, Eli M. Lisle, in place of Barbee; 1869, J. O. B. Renick, in place of Edwards; 1870, in the spring of this year Lisle and Gulick both resigned; Francis Collins was appointed in place of the former, and William Cooper in place of the latter; in the fall, Cooper was elected in place of Gulick, or for the long term of

	Pop. 1870,	Vote 1872	Pop. 1872	Inc.
Cincinnati Cleveland Toledo Columbus Dayton Sandusky Springfield Hamilton Portsmouth Zanesville Akron Chillicothe Canton Steubenville Youngstown Mansfield Newark Xenia Piqua Ironton Tiffin Delaware Wooster Circleville Massillon Mt. Vernon Lancaster Urbana Gallipolis	216,239 92,829 31,584 31,174 30,473 13,000 12,652 11,081 10,592 10,011 10,006 8,920 8,660 8,107 8,075 8,029 6,698 6,377 5,967 5,686 5,648 5,641 5,419 5,407 5,185 4,876 4,725 4,276 3,711	35,471 15,547 5,796 7,362 6.643 2,172 2,774 2,099 1,881 3,049 2,286 1,899 1,800 2,115 1,574 1,725 1,616 1,325 1,295 1,392 1,272 1,458 1,193 1,204 1,077 1,124 1,198 1,029 659	212,826 93,252 34,776 44,172 39,858 13,032 16,644 12,594 11,286 18,294 13,716 11,394 10,800 12,690 9,444 10,350 9,696 7,950 7,770 8,352 7,632 8,748 7,152 7,224 6,462 6,744 7,188 6,174 3.954	* .... 453 3,192 12,898 9,385 32 3,992 1,513 694 8,283 3,710 2,474 2,140 4,583 1,369 2,321 2,998 1,573 1,803 2,666 1,984 3,107 1,733 1,817 1,277 1,668 2,463 1,898 243

	No.	Value.
Horses Cattle Mules Sheep Hogs	14.414 22.290 407 32,191 54,543	$1.025,416 597,119 32,970 65,364 261,967

The balance remaining in the treasury, April 8, 1871, was Amount received from the collection of June taxes, 1871 Amount received from the collection of December taxes, 1871 Amount received from George W. Meeker, Mayor, fines, etc. Amount received from James G. Bull, Mayor, fines, etc. Amount received from L. E. Wilson, City Clerk, licenses. Amount received from L. E. Wilson, City Clerk, tapping sewers Amount received from C. K. Cuckler, Clerk of Market Amount received from miscellaneous sources Here must also be added a temporary loan, due National Exchange Bank, and borrowed in anticipation of June taxes. Total receipts, including balance.	$513 10 59,737 13 87,199 91 19 00 3,505 85 509 00 430 00 2,269 15 476 05 15,000 00 $169,659 19
The disbursements were:
Total for the fiscal year, ending April 8, 1872 Balance in the treasury, April 8, 1872	$169,217 78 441 41

Main sewer seven per cent. bonds, interest payable semi-annually, dated August 1, 1868, and payable 20 years after date City Hall seven per cent. bonds, interest payable semi-annually, dated March 1, 1869, and payable 20 years after date City Hall eight per cent. bonds, interest payable semi-annually, dated March 1, 1871, and payable 15 years after date.	$100,000 00 125,000 00 25,000 00
130 - STUDER'S COLUMBUS, OHIO.
Water-works eight per cent. bonds, interest payable semi-annually, dated June 1, 1870, and payable 15 years after date, or at any time after six years, at the pleasure of the city. Water-works eight per cent, bonds, interest payable semi-annually, dated June 1, 1871, and payable 15 years after date, or at any time after six years, at the pleasure of the city Main sewer eight per cent, bonds, interest payable semi-annually, dated December 1, 1870, and payable 15 years after date Main sewer eight per cent. bonds, interest payable semi-annually, dated June 1, 1871, and payable 15 years after date City Hall eight per cent. bonds, interest payable semi-annually, dated March 1, 1871, and payable 15 years after date City Hall eight per cent. bonds, interest payable semi-annually, dated March 1, 1872, and payable 15 years after date, or at any time after six years, at the pleasure of the city. Total funded debt April 8, 1872	$250,000 00 250,000 00 83,000 00 25,000 00 10,000 00 20,000 00 $888,000 00