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ter was changed to the Daily Dispatch and Daily Ohio Statesman.
THE COLUMBUS GAZETTE.
Several papers published in this city prior to 1840 assumed the name of the Columbus Gazette, as a part or the whole of their titles. They were all predecessors, if not ancestors of the present paper bearing that name, Elijah Glover, book and job printer, commenced, in 1840, the publication of a weekly paper called the Ohio Tribune. It was edited in succession by Walter Thrall and Gideon Stewart. George M. Swan was, in 1848, associated with Mr. Glover in its publication, and subsequently became its sole proprietor. He changed the name of the paper to that of Swan's Elevator. In May, 1854, the Maine Law Advocate, which had been published in Columbus by Charles V. Culver since the preceding October, was merged in the Elevator, which was then called the Columbus Elevator, published by Swan & Culver. It was purchased by Gamaliel Scott in 1855, and in the following year, when John Greiner became its editor, the name was again changed to the one it bears at present—the Columbus Gazette.
Mr. Scott, in the fall of 1857, transferred his interest to Charles S. Glenn, and the paper was published by Greiner & Glenn. Since that time there have been various changes in the proprietorship, but through them all Mr. Glenn has retained an interest in the establishment. The Gazette is now published by Charles S. Glenn and Charles Heide. Office on Pearl street, nearly opposite Odd Fellows' building.
THE WESTBOTE.
A German weekly and semi-weekly newspaper. Reinhard & Fieser, proprietors and publishers. Office in the Westbote building, opposite the Opera House.
The Westbote was established in this city in 1843, by its present proprietors and publishers, Jacob Reinhard and Frederick Fieser. The former was at the time assistant civil engineer on the National Road, and the latter had, until then, been editor of the Cincinnati Volksblatt. Their object was to establish in Columbus a first-class weekly newspaper, devoted to the interests
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of the German people, at that time becoming quite numerous, not only in this city and state, but generally throughout the West. Mr. Reinhard, the senior partner, became, the business manager of the new paper, and Mr. Fieser having had a varied experience in that line, took control of its columns as editor.
The Westbote was first published in a frame building on Friend, between High and Third streets. It stood on the site on which Isaac Eberly's fine residence is now located. Two years afterward the office was removed to Mechanics' Hall, southeast corner of High and Rich streets, now used by Mr. Schueller, in connection with his drug store. Here the Westbote was printed for two years and a half on a hand-press—the same now used at the Deaf and Dumb Asylum for printing the Mute.
The publication office was removed, in 1848, to the Statesman building on State street, now known as the Converse property, and remained there until 1855, when the building on Friend street, originally erected by George M. Swan as an office for the Columbus Elevator, was purchased by the proprietors of the Westbote, and used by them as an office for their paper and for their extensive book and job office. They have had for many years the contract for the state printing in German. In 1870, they erected the handsome structure known as the Westbote building, as a permanent location for their paper and printing office. The cost of the building was over $40,000.
The German population in the city having largely increased, Messrs. Reinhard & Fieser, in October, 1853, issued a semiweekly edition of the Westbote, which has been continued ever since.
The relations of the proprietors of the Westbote to each other in the management and publication of the paper have remained unchanged, and are to-day the same as when the paper was first established in 1843. Mr. Reinhard became a member of the city council in 1853, and has remained in that position since, with the exception of two years. He was president of the city council four years. In 1857 and 1858, he was the Democratic candidate for secretary of state. Mr. Fieser is the president of the board of education of Columbus, of which he has been a member since 1864.
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THE SUNDAY MORNING NEWS.
The News commenced its existence as an independent newspaper in the month of December, 1867—Dr. William Trevitt, publisher and proprietor. In 1870 he sold the paper to John M. Webb and Charles Mathews. The new proprietors immediately enlarged the paper to seven columns per page. In the spring of 1871, John M. Webb transferred his interest in the paper to Charles Mathews, who then became sole proprietor, continuing its publication to June 6, the same year, when it was purchased by W. T. Wallace. The News, from its commencement up to this date, was edited by Willoughby W. Webb. On July 2, 1871, Mr. Wallace assumed the editorial and business management of the paper. In the spring of 1872, he enlarged the paper to its present dimensions. On December 15, 1872, Mr. Wallace sold the paper to E. G. Orebaugh and F. A. Brodbeck, so that he might devote himself exclusively to the practice of his profession, the "law."
Although the News has frequently changed hands, it is regarded as one of the permanent institutions of the city.
Mr. Orebaugh is editor, and Mr. Brodbeck, business manager.
OHIO EDUCATIONAL MONTHLY.
At the annual meeting of the State Teachers' Association of Ohio, held in Columbus, December 31, 1851, and January 1, 1852, it was voted to publish monthly an educational journal, in octavo form, each number to contain thirty-two pages, at one dollar a year. The new periodical was called The Ohio Journal of Education, and was issued under the immediate supervision of the executive committee, of which Lorin Andrews was the efficient chairman. The first four volumes were edited by Dr. A. D. Lord, of Columbus, assisted by a corps of associate editors, appointed annually by the State association. The fifth volume was edited by Rev. Anson Smyth, who resigned the superintendency of the schools of' Toledo to accept the position. The sixth volume was edited by John D. Caldwell, of Cincinnati, and the seventh and eighth volumes by W. T. Coggeshall, of Columbus.
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The enterprise did not prove a financial success, under the management of the association, and at the annual meeting, held in Dayton, in July, 1850, the Executive Committee, E. E. White, chairman, was authorized to make such arrangements for the future publication of the periodical as might be deemed best. In December it was sold to F. W. Hurtt and Anson Smyth, who assumed the entire responsibility of' its management. The title was changed to rule. Ohio Educational Monthly. Early in 1861 Mr. Hurtt's interest in the magazine was purchased by E. S. White. who, a few months later, bought Mr. Smyth's interest, and became editor and proprietor. Mr. White has published the Monthly for twelve years, and, under his management, the circulation has increased from less than 800 to nearly 4,000 copies. The volume for 1872 contained over five hundred pages.
The increasing circulation of the Educational Monthly in other States suggested the publication of a national edition, containing less Ohio intelligence of' local interest; and in October, 1870, Mr. White issued the first number of The National Teacher, which is already circulated in every State in the Union. It is generally conceded to be the best of all the educational journals in the country.
THE ODD FELLOWS' COMPANION.
A monthly magazine for Odd Fellows and their families. M. C. Lilley & Co., publishers and proprietors. Henry Lindenberg and H. P. Gravatt, cditors. Office in Siebert's building. 253 South High street.
This periodical was established in 1865. Such was its success that its publishers were induced the next year to issue it in the German as well as in the English language, calling the German edition Der Odd Fellow. It soon attained a circulation throughout the West and British America.
At the time this magazine was commenced there was no other publication as a representative organ of the order in the West, and but one in the United States, and that was published in New York city. The German edition was the first publication of a similar kind ever issued in that language in this country. The circulation of the Companion is, as it has been from the
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commencement, steadily on the increase. The combined circulation, in the two languages, is now twenty thousand copies monthly. At the beginning it bad, like many other enterprises in magazine publishing, to encounter difficulties and drawbacks, and many prophesied that it would fail; but perseverance and good management have overcome every obstacle, and have made the publication a complete and assured success.
The names of the individual proprietors and publishers are: M. C. Lilley, John Siebert, Henry Lindenberg, and C. H. Lindenberg.
LUTHERISCHE KIRCHEN ZEITUNG.
Issued monthly, in German. Established in 1860. Edited and published by the Evangelical Lutheran Synod.
THE MUTES' CHRONICLE.
Issued every Saturday. Established in 1868. Published at the Ohio Institution for the Education of the Deaf and Dumb.
THE OHIO CONVENTION REPORTER.
Established in 1870. Published by J. G. Adell, phonographic reporter. Devoted exclusively to reports of conventions, and designed to aid associations in their work by a general dissemination of faithful reports of their proceedings at their annual meetings.
THE LUTHERAN STANDARD.
Issued semi-monthly. Established in 1841. Editor, Rev. M. Loy. Published by the Evangelical Lutheran Joint Synod of Ohio and adjoining States.
ALLGEMIENE VOLKSZEITUNG.
John H. Orff, as editor and proprietor, commenced July 22, 1872, the issue of an independent weekly paper in German, entitled the Allgemeine Volkszeitung, or People's Gazette. The establishment is located in Kraus' building, Nos. 165 and 167 East Friend street.
COLUMBUS BULLETIN.
Established January 1, 1871, by J. A. Peasley. It is a monthly
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publication, and is issued as the organ of the Franklin Business
Institute.
THE PAPERS OF THE PAST.
We propose now to mention briefly the papers and periodicals once published here, but no longer in existence, except as they may be said to live in their successors
THE FREEMAN'S CHRONICLE.—This was the name of the second paper started in Franklin county, in the summer of 1812. It was published in Franklinton for two or three years, by James B. Gardner. Its motto was:
"Here shall the press the people's rights maintain,
Unaw'd by influence, and unbrib'd by gain;
Here patriot truth its glorious precepts draw,
Pledg'd to religion, liberty, and law."
It was printed on a small sheet, and contained the local news of the day, as well as items and advertisements relating to the business of the town and county. But the greater part of its space was taken up with army and war news, as it was published during the war with Great Britain. After Mr. Gardner discontinued the paper, the printing materials passed into the bands of John Kilbourne, who removed them to Columbus, where he published two numbers of a paper called the Columbus Gazette.
THE OHIO MONITOR.—The publication of this paper was begun in Columbus, in 1816, by David Smith and Edward Griswold, Jr. The latter, however, soon parted with his interest to Smith, who continued the paper as sole editor and proprietor. From 1831 to 1834, Judge Smith was State printer. In the summer of 1836, the Monitor was purchased by Jacob Medary, and merged in the Western Hemisphere.
THE WESTERN STATESMAN.—This was the name of a paper started in the city, in 1825, by Zachariah Mills and Martin Lewis. The next year, Elijah Glover took the place of Mills, and afterward the latter was succeeded by Freedom Sever. In 1828, the paper was merged in the Journal and Gazette.
THE OHIO STATE BULLETIN.—This paper was first published in July, 1829, by John A. Bryan and John A. Lazell. After about three years, the paper passed into the hands of George Kesling
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and John H. Wood, who called it the Columbus Sentinel. In 1835, it was merged in the State Journal.
THE OHIO REGISTER AND ANTI-MASONIC REVIEW.—This paper came here, in 1830, from Milan, Huron county, and was published about three years by Warren Jenkins and Elijah Glover. The paper was discontinued in 1833, the Masonic lodges having, at least apparently, generally disbanded, and the anti-masonic storm having blown over.
THE WESTERN HEMISPHERE.—The publication of a Democratic paper with this title was commenced about 1832, by Gilbert & Melcher. In the winter of 1833-34, they issued the Daily Advertiser, the first daily paper ever published in Columbus. It was a small sheet, and was continued for a few months only. The interest of Melcher in the Western Hemisphere was purchased by Russell C. Bryan, and Gilbert & Bryan transferred the paper to Jacob Medary and George W. Manypenny, who transferred it to Sacket Reynolds, and he, in his turn, passed it over, in a short time, to Samuel and Jacob Medary—Samuel Medary having been elected State printer. The title was then changed to that of the Ohio Statesman.
THE PEOPLE'S PRESS.—This paper was published for six months, in 1836, by James B. Gardiner. It supported General Harrison, the Whig candidate for president, and Robert Lucas, the Democratic candidate for governor.
THE OHIO CONFEDERATE.—This paper was commenced in 1838, by John G. Miller, as a State-rights journal. In 1840, it supported General Harrison for president. In the spring of 1841, upon Mr. Miller's appointment as postmaster at Columbus, he transferred the paper to Drs. L. J. Moeller and N. M. Miller, by whom the title was changed to that of Old School Republican. It supported the administration of John Tyler, and was continued for about two years.
THE CROSS AND JOURNAL.—This was a weekly religious paper in the interest of the Baptist denomination. It was started in Cincinnati in 1831, and removed to Columbus in 1838. For nine years afterward, it was edited and published here by George Cole. By him it was sold to Revs. D. A. Randall and J. L. Batchelder, who published it for about a year. Mr. Batchelder then
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became its sole publisher for a short time. In 1849, it was taken back to Cincinnati.
THE OHIO PRESS.—This was the title of a Democratic paper commenced by Eli T. Tappan, in 1847. It was published weekly, semi-weekly, and part of the time daily. It was discontinued in a year or two.
THE OHIO CULTIVATOR.—This was a semi-monthly agricultural paper, started by M. B. Bateham in 1845, and published by him for about eleven years, when Colonel S. D. Harris purchased the establishment. Colonel Harris continued to publish the paper for some time in Columbus, but finally removed it to Cleveland.
THE WESTERN AGRICULTURIST.—This was a monthly paper, published by J. II. Riley & Co., and edited by W. W. Mather, corresponding secretary of the Ohio State Board of Agriculture. The first number was issued in January, 1851.
THE OHIO STANDARD.—This was the name of a Free-soil paper, commenced in the fall of 1848, by E. S. Hamlin and Israel Garrard. It was discontinued in February following. During a part of its time, it was issued as a daily paper as well as a weekly. In November, 1849, Franklin Gale and Thomas Cleveland began the publication of another weekly Free-soil paper, under the same name, and continued it until September, 1850. It was then bought by O. Glover, who discontinued its publication in the spring of the next year.
THE COLUMBIAN.—A Free-soil weekly paper with this name was started in January, 1853, by an association of citizens of Columbus organized for that purpose. Its principal editor was L. L. Rice, the present supervisor of state printing. After various changes in ownership, it came, in 1855, into the control of A. M. Gangewer, by whom it was the next year merged in the Ohio State Journal.
THE DAILY OHIO STATE DEMOCRAT —This paper was started December 12, 1853. It was published by Knapp, Osgood & Blake, and edited by Horace S. Knapp and Charles B. Flood. The next spring an association, called the Franklin Printing Company, was formed, composed of the publishers of the Democrat and W. H. Derby, of Cincinnati. This company, having
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become the proprietors of both the Democrat and Statesman establishments, merged the two papers into one, Balling the consolidated paper the Ohio Statesman and Democrat. The editors of the Democrat became the editors of the new paper.
THE DAILY CAPITAL CITY FACT.—The first number of this paper was issued October 1, 1851, by a company of journeymen printers. It purported to be published by H. N. Jennings & Co., and edited by E. Burke Fisher. The company consisted of E. B. Fisher, M. L. Betts, J. A. Kissinger, H. N. Jennings, and M. H. Allardt. The paper was continued under the same firm for about a year, when John Geary & Co. were announced as the publishers, Mr. Fisher still remaining editor, who retired from the paper October 2G, 1852. On the 21st of September, 1854, John Geary's name appeared as editor, and so continued until about the close of 1863, when the paper passed into the hands of W. II. Foster, who merged it in the Daily Evening Express, a paper issued from the State Journal office by Mr. Foster and having but a brief existence.
FORMER GERMAN PAPERS.
The first German paper issued in Columbus was the Em migrant, in 1833, edited by Henry Roeder. It only existed a single year.
The second German paper was the Ohio Staats Zeitung issued in 1840, Mr. Wistlingg, editor and proprietor. It was about as short-lived as the first.
The Ohio Adler started by Valentine Kastner, editor and proprietor, in 1841, was continued about two years.
Next came the Forewertz, a weekly paper, issued by Robert Clemen, and lived about a year.
The Volks Tribune, issued in 1856, was published by the Volks Tribune Printing Company for about two years, and afterward continued byGeorge Hessenaurr. George Brandt, and John Haiseh.
The Republicanische Presse was established about. 1858, as a campaign paper, by an association of Republicans. It afterward passed into the hands of Messrs. Siebert & Lindenberg, who continued it about a year.
The Druidenhain, a monthly magazine, was issued about1860, by Robert Clemen, editor and publisher. It did not long exist.
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MISCELLANEOUS.
The National Enquirer, edited by Harvey D. Little, was published by Horton Howard, in 1828 and 1829.
Mr. Howard also published the Eclectic, edited by William Hance.
The Thompsoniann Recorder was first published by Jarvis Pike & Co., in 1832, and continued by different proprietors until it was removed to Cincinnati, in 1842, by Dr. A. Curtis.
The Independent Press was published by Hugh M. Espy & Co., for a brief period, in 1832 or 1833.
The same publishers also issued for a short time a Budget of Fun.
Allen, Sage & Beverage issued, in 1840. the Straight-out Harrisonian.
In 1840, R. P. Sage publishedthe Tornadoo, and T. W. H. Mosely, the Anger.
Captain John Duffy, in 1842 and 1843, issued the Ohio Freeman, and afterward the Columbus Herald.
The Daily Enterprise was commenced in the summer of 1855 by John M. Kinney & Co., and published about six months.
The Western Home Visitor, E. A. Higgins, proprietor, was removed from Mt. Vernon to Columbus, in 1854, and published here a short time. -
Common Sense against the Maine Law, published for a short time by Zirchel & Johnson, was first issued August 1, 1853.
The Reveille was published about 1860 for a brief period.
The Daily Bulletin was published by an association of printers during the political campaign of 1860.
The Medical and Surgical Journal was under the control and supervision of Dr. John Dawson, Profesor of Anatomy in Starling Medical College, from 1853 until the publication was suspended. a short time before the doctor's death, which took place September 3, 1866. During the existence of the Journal, Dr. Dawson contributed many able articles to its pages.
The Daily Columbus Sentinel was commenced about the 1st of September, 1872, and issued from the Westbote office, edited
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by J. Q. Howard. It supported Horace Greeley for president, and Was discontinued soon after the close of' the campaign.
Capital Events, a weekly paper published by Samuel L. Leffingwell, editor and proprietor. was commenced in the summer of 1872. and discontinued in November following.
The Columbus Review, a monthly medical journal, edited by Dr. W. L. McMillen, appeared for a short time in 1860.
The Ark, a monthly journal, devoted to the interests of Odd Fellowship edited and published by Alexander E. Glenn, was commenced in 1853, and continued for about fifteen years. It was very popular with the order, and had a large circulation.
The Christian Witness, a weekly paper, was started about the 1st of November, 1863, by Rev. J. F. Given, editor and proprietor. Some time after Mr. Given's decease, August 31, 1867, Rev. A. D. Biddeson took charge of' the paper as its, editor.
The Columbus Review, a small daily, commenced in 1870, was published for a short time by Ezekiel Mettles.
OHIO AGRICULTURAL AND MECHANICAL COLLEGE.
The Congress of the United States, by an act passed July 2, 1863. granted to each State public lands, or scrip, equal in amount to 30,000 acres for each senator and representative then in Congress. for the endowment of one or more colleges, ''where the leading object shall be, without excluding other scientific and classi studies, and including military tactics, to teach such branches of learning as are related to agriculture and the mechanic arts, in order to promote the liberal and practical education of the industrial classes in the general pursuits and professions of life."
The State of Ohio accepted the grant of Congress, and taking possession of the land scrip, sold it through her agents and the proceeds. amounting to about $435,000, were placed in the State treasury, ready to be applied to the uses of' the contemplated institution.
At the session in 1870 the State legislature, in conformity with the grant of' Congress, passed an act incorporating “the Agricultural and Mechanical College of Ohio." A board of' trustees was nominated by the governor and elected by the Senate.
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This board met in Columbus, May 13, 1870, and completed its organization by the election of officers, and became a, corporate and legal body.
This board of trustees was required by law to locate the college by the 15th of October, 1870, " regarding the best interests of the college in the receipt of moneys. lands, or other property donated to said college by any county, town, or individual, in consideration of the location of said college at a given place." And it was further provided that said college shall not be located until there are secured thereto, for such location, donations in money, or unincumbered lands at their cash valuation, whereon the college is to be located, or in both money and such lands, a sum equal to at least one hundred thousand dollars."
The legislature also, on April 18, 1870, passed “an act to authorize the several counties of the State to raise money to se the location of the Ohio Agricultural and Mechanical College." By this latter act, the commissioners of any county desiring to secure the location of the college were authorized to submit, on thirty days' notice to the electors of the county, the question of making a donation by tax, the aggregate tax not to exceed ten mills on the dollar, upon the taxable property of the county, and not to exceed two mills in any one year. In case of a majority vote in favor of the proposed donation and its acceptance by the college trustees, the commissioners were authorized, in order to raise the money, to issue bonds running for ten years, at eight per cent. interest. Our commissioners, after a full consultation with many citizens and the county agricultural board, submitted to the voters of the county, at a special election held August 13, 1870, the proposition to donate three hundred thousand dollars to the college, on the condition that it should be located in this county. The vote was in its favor.
OFFICERS AND TRUSTEES.—V. B. Horton, chairman ; Joseph Sullivant, secretary; Wm. B. McClung, superintendent; Henry S. Babbitt treasurer; Aaron F. Perry, Joseph F. Wright. Cyrus Falconer, Henry S. Conklin, Wm. Sawyer, James M. Trimble. Thomas C. Jones, Warren P. Noble, James W. Ross Ralph Leete, Daniel .Keller. Marvin H. Munson. Norton S. Townshend, John
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C. Jamison, Cornelius Aultman, John R. Buchtel, and Henry B. Perkins.
FACULTY.—The board of trustees have determined to establish ten professorships as follows
1. Agriculture—Morton S. Townshend; 2. Physics and Mechanics—T. C. Mendenhall; 2. Mathematics and Civil Engineering-vacant; 4. Chemistry—Sidney S. Norton; 5. Geology—vacant: 6. Veterinary Science—vacant; 7. Botany—vacant ; 8. English and Modern Languages—Joseph F. Millikin; 9. Ancient Languages-Williams; 10. Political Economy—vacant. The chair of geology was offered to Edward Orton, president of the Antioch College. He has not yet accepted. Other appointments will be made before the opening of the college in September next.
STARLING MEDICAL COLLEGE.
In 1846, Willoughby Medical College, located at Willoughby, Lake county, Ohio, was removed to Columbus, with a reorganization of its board of trustees. Under that organization one course of lectures was delivered in this city, and then the institution abandoned. During this term Lyne Starling, one of the original proprietors of the site of Columbus, executed a deed of trust, December 18, 1847, to trustees, of thirty thousand dollars, to be paid in installments for the purchase of a lot and the erection of suitable buildings thereon for a medical college, and the establishment of a hospital in connection therewith. The trustees named in this bequest were William S. Sullivant, John W. Andrews, Robert W. McCoy, Joseph R. Swan, Francis Carter, Samuel M. Smith, and John Butterfield.
The trustees, on the 2d of January, 1848, met and accepted the trust. Mr. Starling then increased his generous donation five thousand dollars more, making it thirty-five thousand dollars, Upon application to the legislature, Starling Medical College, to be located at the State capital, was chartered by a special act. passed January 28, 1848. The board of trustees organized under the charter by electing William S. Sullivant, president, R. W. McCoy, treasurer, and Francis Carter, secretary. The following gentlemen were chosen, January 29, 1848, members of the faculty: Henry H. Childs, M. D.; John Butterfield, M. D.
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Richard L. Howard. M. D. ; Jesse P. Judkins, M. D. ; Samuel M. Smith, M. D. ; Frederick Merrick, A. M., and Francis Carter, K. D. During the first year the number of students was 160, and the degree of M. D. was conferred on thirty-two persons, and honorary degrees on six.
OFFICERS.—The following are the present officers of the institution : President, William S. Sullivant ; Secretary, Francis Carter. Trustee—William S. Sullivant, L. L. D.; Joseph Sullivant, Esq. ; Samuel NI. Smith, M. D.; Francis Carter, M. D.; Hon. Joseph R. Swan; John W. Andrews, Esq. ; James A. Wilcox, Esq.
FACULTY.—S. M. Smith, N. D., Professor of Theory and Practice; Francis Carter, M. D., Professor of Obstetrics, etc., Dean; J. N. Wheaton, M. D., Professor of Anatomy ; J. W. Hamilton, M. D., Professor of Surgery; S. Loving, M. D., Professor of Materia Medics and Therapeutics; Theo. G. Wormley, M. D., Ph. D., L. L. D., Professor of Chemistry and Toxicology; H. C. Pearce, M. D., Professor of Physiology; W. L. Peck, M. D., Professor of Insanity; D. R. Kinsman, 1I. D.. Professor of Diseases of Women and Children; Judge J. W. Baldwin, Professor of Medical Jurisprudence ; D. Halderman, M. D.. Lecturer on Venereal Diseases and Demonstrator of Anatomy; Otto Frankenberg, M. D., Prosecutor to the Chair of Anatomy; H. A. Weber, Assistant to the Professor of Chemistry.
After the charter had been granted, in the winter of 1848, a lot was procured on the southeast corner of Sixth and State streets, on which the present college edifice, fanned for its unique design and architectural beauty, was erected. The building was commenced in the spring of 1849, under the superintendence of R. A. Sheldon, architect. The address, on laying the cornerstone, was delivered by Rev. Dr. Hoge. In the fall of 1850, the building had so far progressed that the first course of lectures, opened by a general introductory from Prof. Carter, was delivered in the new edifice that season. The superstructure of the building is of brick, with a large amount of' ornamental cut stone. Its extreme length is 135 feet, and its height from the ground to the top of the tower is 138 feet.
The Sisters of St. Francis, some years ago. leased for ninety-
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nine years that part of the building designed for a hospital, and since then open for the reception and care of the sick-poor and afflicted of all classes and conditions. Of this work of charity and labor of love, we have given an account in the chapter on charitable institutions.
The college contains a well-stored museum, an unrivaled chemical laboratory, and all the means for instruction in practical anatomy and other departments of' medicine, and the hospital conducted by the Sisters of St. Francis. Of this hospital, which is connected with the lecture-rooms, the faculty, distinguished as eminent practitioners, are the medical officers.
The Starling Medical College is an institution of which it is gratifying to speak as a credit and an ornament to our city. It has, since its commencement, graduated about a thousand students, who are now practicing in all parts of the country, many of them ranking among the most eminent physicians in the profession.
CAPITAL UNIVERSITY.
Capital University was chartered by an act of the legislature, passed March 7, 1850. It had its origin in a resolution adopted the preceding December, by the trustees of the German Evangelical Lutheran Seminary. The Seminary and University, though separate and independent institutions, have been associated ever since the organization of the latter. Both schools, in 1.850, occupied the Covert school property, on Town street, and until they were removed into the -University edifice.
The lot on North High street, east of Goodale Park, on which the college edifice stands, was donated by Dr. L. Goodale. The building was erected in 1.852 and 1853, and formally opened or dedicated on the 14th of September, 1853, when addresses were delivered by William H. Seward and Rev. Dr. Stohlman, of New York. The cost of the building was $40,000. Though the University, for several years, labored under serious pecuniary embarrassment, it is now happily out of debt. The edifice affords ample accommodations for students—lecture-rooms, society halls, and everything to render an institution of learning attractive. Its dimensions are 154 feet in length by 69 in width, three stories above the basement. It has a tower, 75 feet in
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height, and another elevation four stories high. It is situated in a square of four acres, at one of the most elevated points in the vicinity of the city, and immediately adjoining Goodale Park. It is about a quarter of a mile north of the railroad depot. The site is eminently healthful.
The first president of the University was Rev. W. M. Reynolds, D. D., who was succeeded by Rev. C. Spielman, and the latter, fifteen years or more ago, by the present president, Rev. W. F. Lehmann. The president of the board of directors is Rev. J. A. Schulze, and the secretary, Rev. Joseph Beck, both residents of Columbus.
The faculty are: Rev. W. F. Lehmann, president and professor of the German language and literature; T. G. Wormley, M. D., professor of chemistry, geology, and natural history; M. Loy, A. M., professor of mental and moral science, and George C. Dasher, A. M., professor of mathematics and natural philosophy, and principal of the preparatory department. The professorship of history is vacant; but its functions are temporarily supplied by special provisions of the board. Charles E. Herbst, J. H. Schuh, and Amon E. Gift are tutors.
The university organization includes the preparatory or grammar school, the collegiate and theological departments. There are three literary societies connected with the university —the Clio, the Hermann, and the Germania (German). These hold weekly meetings during term-time, and have valuable libraries and large halls well furnished.
At a meeting of the Joint Synod of the Lutheran Church of Ohio, convened in extra session, in February, 1873, in this city, it was decided to dispose of the present university and grounds, and accept the generous proposition made by Frederick Michael, Esq., which was to donate ten acres in a square on East Friend street, for the university proper, and five acres of ground in one-acre lots, surrounding the square, for professors' residences; and argeed to raise $5,000 toward the building of a $10,000 church, to be located opposite the university square. The location is one of the most beautiful and healthful adjoining the city, and can not but materially help the advancement of
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the East end, which has been growing very fast for the past two years. The new university is to cost about $80,000.
THE GERMAN EVANGELICAL LUTHERAN SEMINARY.
The German Evangelical Lutheran Seminary of the Joint Synod of Ohio and adjoining States was founded and established at Columbus, in 1830. Its first buildings were erected, and its first location was on a ten-acre lot in the south part of the city, eligibly and handsomely situated, now the property of Peter Hayden, to whom it was sold in 1849 or 1850.
On the sale to Mr. Hayden, the Covert school property, on Town street, was purchased for the use of the seminary and of Capital University, which had just been organized. After the erection of the university building, the seminary was located there, and though existing under a distinct charter, became virtually the theological department of the university.
The seminary was at first under the direction of a single professor, with whom afterward another was associated. The first professor having control of the institution was Rev. W. Schmidt. He was succeeded by Professor C. F. Schaeffer, D. D., about 1839, who was followed by Professors F. Winkler and C. F. Jucksch. On the resignation of the latter, Professor W. F. Lehmann took charge of the institution, with whom, for several years past, Professor M. Loy has been associated.
The seminary is under the general supervision of the Evangelical Lutheran Synod of Ohio and adjacent States, and under the special control of a board of directors. Though this board constitutes a part of the trustees of Capital University, it has an independent organization, and regulates its own affairs. A very large proportion of the ministers representing the Lutheran Church in Ohio, and on the borders of adjoining States, were prepared for the ministry through the instrumentality of this institution. Its course embraces a series of lectures in the usual branches of exegetical, historical, systematic, and practical theology. The German and English languages are both taught, and both are used as vehicles of instruction. The regular course requires an attendance of two years and a half. The students can have access to a library containing 2,500 volumes.
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ACADEMY OF ST. MARY'S OF THE SPRINGS.
Located northeast of the state-house, near Alum creek, north of Mount Vernon avenue extended, and about two miles east of' the eastern limits of the city. Incorporated, July, 1868. Under direction of the Dominican Sisters. Superioress, Mother Rose Lynch.
Previous to the above date of incorporation, the academy was located at Somerset, Perry county, Ohio. It was established there in 1830, by Bishop Fenwick, the first Catholic bishop of Cincinnati.
The academy building at Somerset having been destroyed by fire, the Sisters were at a loss as to how they should go forward with the. work to which they had devoted themselves. While they were in this strait, Theodore Leonard, an old resident of Columbus, generously donated to them thirty-two acres of land near the city, for a site for their academy. Mr. Leonard also donated toward the erection of the buildings $10,000, to which Eugene Mageveny, of Memphis. added another $10,000.
The academy, which cost over $40,000, is a large and commodious building, well arranged, and having all the modern appliances for heating and ventilation. The grounds for recreation and promenade are spacious; and when these are properly improved and shaded by grove and forest trees, the academy will present itself as one of the finest educational institutions in the West. The location is unsurpassed in its salubrity and beauty of landscape; the distracting sights and sounds of the bustling world are excluded by shady groves and sloping hills; the tout ensemble of the scenery, as viewed from the recitation-rooms and the dormitories, is well calculated to give to the youthful mind a studious and thoughtful turn.
The special object of this institution being the education of young ladies of the higher class, every opportunity and advantage is afforded the pupils to pursue their studies in all the useful and ornamental branches becoming their station and sex. Reglious belief, it may be, forms no obstacle to the
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admission of young ladies, provided they willingly conform to the general regulations of the school.
The academic year consists of two sessions of five month, each. The annual vacation commences on the last Thursday in June, and scholastic duties are resumed on the first Monday in September. There are in the academy one hundred and twenty boarding pupils, filling it to its full capacity. Many applications were necessarily refused at the opening of the present session for want of room.
The course of instruction is thorough, embracing all that can be properly required for fitting the pupil to move in the highest social circle. The studies are divided into four departments, each having its distinct course.
The academy is under the auspices of the Bishop of Columbus, the provincial of the order of St. Dominick, the Rev. S. A. Clarkson, J. P., and the clergymen of the diocese of Columbus.
SISTERS OF NOTICE DAME.
The Sisters of Notre Dame in this city number nine. They devote their time principally to the education of the female portion of the Catholic parish schools of the city. The house of the sisterhood is located on Rich, between Sixth and Seventh streets. The foundress of the Sisters of Notre Dame was Marie Rose Julia. Billiart, who was born in Cuvilly, a village of Picardy, France, in 1751, and died in 1816. The order was first introduced into this country by the Most Reverend Archbishop Purcell, of Cincinnati, in 1840. Sister Mary Liquori is superioress in this city.
ST. ALOYSIUS SEMINARY.
Location, a short distance south of West Broad street. Instructors—Rev. N. A. Gallagher, principal ; Rev. Chancelor G. 13. Ahrens, procurator ; Rev. Francis Campbell, professor of theology, assisted by the bishop and clergy- of Columbus. Terms—Board, washing, and tuition, per session of ten months. one hundred and fifty dollars.
This seminary, like many other Catholic institutions in the city, owes its origin to the zeal of Bishop Sylvester H. Rosecrans, D. D. In 1871 he purchased of N. Merion an acre and a
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quarter of ground, on which were two brick buildings, for seven thousand dollars. After having made some alterations anti improvements, he founded on this site, September 1, 1871, the institution now called "The Seminary."
The curse of study embraces theology, philosophy. history, mathematics, and the Latin, Greek, German, and English languages, and occupies eight years of close application. The object of the seminary is the education of Catholic youth for the priesthood. It derives its chief support from the Catholics of the diocese of Columbus.
The present number of students in the institution is thirty. As this is as large a number as can be accommodated, many applications for admission have been rejected. It is in contemplation to build, at no distant day, a much larger seminary for this, as yet, infant diocese of Columbus.
OTTERBEIN UNIVERSITY.
This institution, belonging to the Church of the United Brethren in Christ. is located at Westerville, in this county, twelve miles north of Columbus, near the Cleveland, Columbus, Cincinnati and Indianapolis Railway, and directly on the new railroad, the Cleveland, Mt. Vernon and Columbus, now nearly completed. Westerville is a large. thriving town, pleasantly and healthfully situated, and noted for its quiet and good order.
Otterbein University was opened for the reception of students September 1, 1847, and has therefore been in existence twenty-five years. On the night of January 26, 1870, the main college building, with its furniture; the college library of more than three thousand volumes, including a copy of the Semitic manuscript presented by the Emperor of Russia ; the finely furnished halls, and the select libraries of the literary societies, were all destroyed by fire.
But the building thus destroyed has been replaced by a larger and more convenient one, an engraving of which accompanies this sketch. It is an imposing structure. with an extreme length of 170 feet and an extreme depth of 109 feet. It contains a large chapel-room, spacious society halls, library and reading-room, laboratory, and numerous large recitation and other rooms.
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Both sexes are admitted to the institution, are instructed by the sane teachers, and recite in the same classes. There are four courses of study in the university—the classical, the scientific, the ladies', and the English course. A student may take any one of these courses according to his preference. The ladies' course is so called because it is the one usually preferred by ladies, The present number of students is 170. There are four literary societies connected with the college—the. Philomathean and Philophronean, composed of gentlemen, and the Philalethean and Cleiorhetean, composed of ladies. These societies have commodious and well-furnished halls in the college building.
The faculty consists of Rev. H. A. Thompson, A. M., President and Professor of Mental and Moral Science; John Haywood, A. M., Professor of Mathematics; Thomas McFadden, A. M.. M. D., Professor of Natural Sciences; John E. Guitner. A. M.. Professor of Greek ; Rev. Henry Gurst, A. M., Professor of Latin, and Mrs. Lizzie K. Miller, M. A., Principal of Ladies' Department.
THE PUBLIC SCHOOLS.
Notwithstanding the prosperous condition and the high repute of the public-school system of Columbus, the materials for its past history and statistics are scanty and unsatisfactory. From the organization of the system until the recent report of the superintendent, R. W. Stevenson, only two reports had been published—one in 1857, and the other in 1869. From the close of the school year, July, 1857, to the close of the year 1868, a period of eleven years, there are no reports either written or printed. We embody in a brief sketch such facts as we have been able to gather from Mr. Stevenson's late report and other sources.
The first public, school was opened in Columbus while it was vet a borough. The town part, with a part of Montgomery township. composed a single school district. The first meeting for the choice of directors was held November 21. 1826, in the Presbyterian church, on Front street, at which Orris Parish was chairman. and Wm. T. Martin, secretary. The directors chosen were Dr. P. Sisson, Rev. C. Hinkle, and Wm. T. Martin. A school was soon afterward opened. and a Mr. Smith employed as the
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teacher. For several years the school fund only sufficed to kcel) up a school for about a quarter in each year.
John Warner, Christian Heyl, and William St. Clair were chosen directors in 1830, and Wm. McElvain, Horton Howard. and Nathaniel McLean, in 1831. The name of J. M. C. Hasseltine is mentioned as first employed as teacher in 1832. A public school meeting, held in 1830, authorized the establishment of two schools, one to be taught by a male teacher for the more advanced pupils, and the other by a female teacher for the younger children. At that time, the schools were taught in rented rooms, as there were no public schoolhouses,
Previous to the year 1845, very little attention was paid to the common or public schools. Nearly all the children of the more intelligent, prosperous, and influential citizens were taught in private schools. The importance of securing the benefits of a good common-school education to all the youth of the city was brought before the public by a few earnest and active friends of common schools. The passage of a law was obtained on the 3d of February, 1845, by which the management of the public schools was committed to the board of education of Columbus, to consist of six directors, holding office for six years, one-third of the number being elected annually by general ticket.. Under the same law, the city council were empowered to appoint a board of three examiners for the examination of applicants for the position of teachers in the public schools of the city.
This act, which was entitled "an act for the support and better regulation of the public schools in the city of Columbus," was amended. March 25, 1864, so as to provide for the election of two members of the board of education for each ward of the city by the voters in the -ward, to serve for two years—one member to be elected from each ward represented by odd numbers, and from each ward represcnted by cven numbers in alternate years. Thus, on the second Monday of' April. 1872, under this law school directors were electcd in thc Second, Fourth. Sixth. Eighth, and Tenth wards, and will be elected, on the second Monday of April next, in the First, Third, Fifth, Seventh, Ninth, and Eleventh wards.
The question of levying a tax for raising the sum of eight
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thousand dollars tin' the erection of' school-houses was submitted to the people in the spring of' 1846. and decided in the affirmative by a vote of 776 to 323. Three, lots were purchased, and three brick buildings, of' six rooms each, were erected, in which the schools were opened on the 2lst of' July, 1847. The board of education appointed a superintendent. to whom was intrusted the general direction of the course of study and instruction in the schools. The school, were divided into four grades primary, secondary. grammar, and high—and the pupils were classified in each according to their standing in the prescribed studies.
A German school-building was erected in 1852, and the high school building the succeeding year. The board of education, in their report for July, 1853. made the following statement as to the cost of' the school buildings then erected, exclusive of the
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