POLITICAL EVENTS; 1854-1860 - 425 The Democratic nominations for State officers this year were: Governor, Henry B. Payne ; Lieutenant-Governor, William H. Lytle ; Supreme Court Judge, Henry C. Whitman ; Secretary of State, Jacob Reinhard, Board of Public Works, Abner L. Backus. During a debate in the General Assembly on January 14, Representative John P. Slough, of Hamilton County, struck Darius Caldwell, Representative from Ashtabula County, with his fist. Slough was expelled for this act January 29, whereupon an indignation meeting of his partisans was held January 30, at the City Hall. At this meeting Thomas Sparrow presided, and resolutions severely condemning Slough's expulsion were adopted. The expelled member was renominated as his own successor by his party, and in the special election which followed claimed a majority of three over his Republican competitor, Robert Hosea, but Hosea was seated. The Breslin-Gibson Treasury defalcation profoundly affected the State and local politics of this year. The events of local interest to which it gave rise have been narrated in another chapter. The famous Dred Scott slave case was decided by the National Supreme Court March 7. The Republican State Convention was held at the Theatre, August 12. William .Dennison was its temporary and Caleb B. Smith its permanent chairman. Its nominations .were: For Governor, Salmon P. Chase ; Lieutenant-Governor, Addison P. Russell; Treasurer, Alfred P. Stone ; Supreme Court Judge, Milton Sutliff; Board of Public Works, Jacob Blickensderfer, Junior. The convention was addressed by S. P. Chase and B. F. Wade. 1858. The beginning of a schism disastrous to the Democratic party, and of portentous consequences in National affairs, was signalized by a large meeting of the Anti-Lecompton, or Douglas Democracy, held March 10, afternoon and evening. George W. Manypenny presided; Frederick Fieser. of the Westbote, was one of the secretaries. Stanley Matthews and Frederick P. Stanton' were the principal speakers. Letters from Henry A. Wise, of Virginia, Senator David C. Broderick, of California, and Robert J. Walker, late Governor of Kansas, were read to the meeting. The attendance was large. To break the force of this demonstration a meeting of the Buchanan Democracy was held at the Concert Hall March 12. Speeches were made by William A. Neil, S. Medary and Sterne Chittenden. S. S. Cox, representing the Columbus district in Congress, wrote at this time that those who undertook to read out of the party the Western Democrats who were opposed to the Lecompton measure " might as well try to read the hickories out of the western woods." The Republican State Convention was held at the Concert Hall July 13, J. M. Ashley temporarily and Samuel Craighead permanently presiding. Nominations: Supreme Court Judge, William V. Peck, Scioto ; Comptroller, William B. Thrall, Franklin ; Attorney-General, Christopher P. Wolcott, Summit ; Board of Public Works, John L. Martin, Butler. The Democratic State Convention met at the Theatre July 29, T. J. S. Smith, of Montgomery County, presiding, and nominated: Supreme Court Judge, T. W. Bartley, Richland ; Comptroller, S. W. Gibson, Mahoning; Attorney-General, Durbin Ward ; Board of Public Works, R. H. Hendrickson, Butler. 1859. A Democratic festival was held at the American House January 8. Among those who responded to toasts were Allen G: Thurman, Durbin Ward and Wayne 426 - HISTORY OF THE CITY OF COLUMBUS. Griswold. The Democratic State Convention was held May 27, at Armory Hall ; temporary chairman, William B. Woods ; permanent, Barnabas Burns. Nominations: Governor, R. P. Ranney, Cuyahoga; Lieutenant-Governor, William H. Safford, Ross; Supreme Court Judge, Henry C. Whitman, Fairfield ; Auditor, G. Volney Dorsey, Miami ; Treasurer, William Bushnell, Richland; Secretary of State, Jacob Reinhard, Franklin; Board of Public Works, James Tomlinson, Washington ; School Commissioner, Charles N. Allen, Harrison. Republican State Convention, Armory Hall, June 2; temporary chairman, Benjamin Eggleston ; permanent, B. F. Wade. Nominations: Governor, William Dennison Franklin ; Lieutenant Governor, Robert C. Kirk, Knox ; Auditor, Robert W. Taylor, Mahoning; Secretary of State, Addison P. Russell Clinton ; Treasurer, Alfred P. Stone, Franklin ; Supreme Court Judge, William Y. Gholson, Hamilton ; Board of Public Works, John B. Gregory, Scioto; School Commissioner, Anson Smythe, Franklin. The convention was addressed by Henry S. Lane, of Indiana, and Benjamin F. Wade. Hon. Stephen A. Douglas addressed a large Democratic meeting on the East Terrace of the Capitol September 7. This was the first public meeting held on the terrace and was spoken of as "the inauguration of that convenient place for public assemblies." A platform for the speaking was built on the outer edge of the terrace, facing toward the building, and was canopied with brown sheeting. This arrangement proved to be a very bad one, the acoustic effect being such that Mr. Douglas could be heard only a few feet from the platform. Abraham Lincoln spoke from the Terrace September 16, but faced from the building instead of towards it. He was announced as " HOD. Abraham C. Lincoln, of Illinois," and came to Columbus under the auspices of the Young Men,s Republican Club. This was his first speech in. Ohio. He was introduced to a large audience by Hon. George M. Parsons. A political discussion between opposing candidates for the office of Governor took place on the East Terrace October 4. The John Brown raid on Harper's Ferry was announced October 17. On December 2, the day of Brown,s execution, a meeting of the colored people was held at the Second Baptist Church, James Poindexter presiding. Resolutions extolling Brown and justifying his efforts to liberate the slaves were adopted. A State Christian Anti-Slavery Convention was held at the First Congregational Church August 10-11, its delegates consisting mostly of clergymen. Resolutions were passed denouncing the fugitive slave law, and, in effect, declaring it void of obligation. The State Journal stigmatized the convention as a " farce of the preachers." Twentyone liberated slaves, manumitted by the will of Peterson Burnet, of Mecklenberg County, Virginia, arrived by canal packet in August. They were forwarded to Hardin County, where lands for their use had been purchased. A letter written by various interested persons in Columbus to Mr. Lincoln, requesting, for publication, copies of his speeches delivered in debate with Senator Douglas, elicited the following reply: SPRINGFIELD, ILLINOIS, December 19, 1859. Gentlemen : . .. With greatful acknowledgments .. . I transmit you the copies. The copies I send you are as reported And printed by the respective friends of Senator Douglas and myself, at the time — that is, his by his friends, and mine by mine. It would be an unwarrantable liberty for us to change a word or a letter in his, and the changes I have made in mine, you perceive, are verbal only, and very few in number. I wish the reprint to be precisely as the copies I send, without any comment whatever. Yours very truly, A. LINCOLN. POLITICAL EVENTS ; 1854-1860 - 427 1860. On January 26, of this year, the legislatures of Tennessee and Kentucky visited the capital of Ohio, on invitation of the General Assembly, as guests of the State. The invitation was extended at a time of critical relations between the North and South, and was meant as an expression of good will. The legislative bodies arrived at Columbus by special train from Cincinnati about four P. M., and were accompanied by the Governor and other State officers of Indiana. Four military companies—the Miami Light Guard, the Montgomery Guards and the German Jagers, from Dayton, and the Light Guards from Springfield — arrived simultaneously, and were received by the Fencibles, Vedettes, Montgomery Guards and Artillery, of Columbus. The troops, in column by companies, marched as an escort to the legislators from the railway station up High Street to the Capitol, where the guests of the State and city were received by the General Assembly in the Hall of Representatives. The visitors were welcomed on behalf of the State by Governor Dennison, who spoke as follows: Friends of Kentucky, Tennessee, and Indiana : On behalf of the people of Ohio, speaking through their General Assembly, I receive you at this their capital. I greet you as representatives of sovereign States; I salute you as brethren of the great Valley of the Mississippi, the centre and the citadel of the national confederacy. I greet you as fellow citizens of the Union so dear te us all, the source of whatever makes us most proud of our country, and the preservation of which for the equal and common benefit of all the States is alike the highest and most grateful duty of the American citizen. By all these honorable titles you are heartily welcomed here today. Response was made by Governor Magoffin, of Kentucky, and Lieutenant-Governor Newman of Tennessee. The General Assembly then adjourned and the speaking continued for some time, informally. In the evening the guests were banqueted at the hotels. At these banquets table addresses were spoken, in response to toasts, by Senators J. W. Fisk and L. W. Andrews of Kentucky ; by Honorables John W. Crockett and Curtis F. Burnham of the same State ; by Speaker Whitthorne and Hon. Jordan Stokes, of Tennessee; and by Judge T. M. Key, Ex-Governor Chase and Speaker R. C. Parsons, of Ohio. Quitting Columbus at nine A. M., January 27, the legislative party returned by rail to Cincinnati where the party was greeted with artillery salutes and was banqueted at the Burnet House. 1860. A Republican State Convention was held at Columbus March 1, James T. Worthington presiding. Thomas Spooner, Jacob Muller, C. Brodbeck and V. B. Horton were appointed delegates-at-large to the National Convention. The delegates were instructed, by a vote of 375 to 73, to vote for S. P. Chase for President. The Democratic National Convention assembled at Charleston April 23, and after adoption of a platform as to slavery which was unsatisfactory to the Southern delegates, the latter withdrew, and on May 3 the convention adjourned to reassemble at Baltimore June 18. At the adjourned meeting thus provided for, Stephen A. Douglas, of Illinois, was nominated for President, and Benjamin Fitzpatrick, of Alabama, for Vice President. Herschel V. Johnson, of Georgia, was subsequently substituted, by the National Committee, for Mr. Fitzpatrick, who declined. The bolting delegates, immediately after their withdrawal at Charleston, adopted a slavery-extension platform and called a convention to be 428 - HISTORY OF THE CITY OF COLUMBUS. held at Richmond June 11. This convention finally met at Baltimore June 23, readopted the platform of the Charleston seceders and nominated John C. Breckenridge of Kentucky, for President, and Joseph Lane, of Oregon, for Vice President. The "Constitutional Union "party, consisting for the most part, of a residuum of Know Nothings, held its National Convention at Baltimore, May 9, and nominated John Bell of Tennessee, for President, and Edward Everett, of Massa chusetts, for Vice President. The Republican National Convention, sitting at Chicago May 16, nominated Abraham Lincoln for President, and Hannibal Hamlin for Vice 'President. On receiving the news of these nominations at three P. M., May 18, the Republicans of Columbus caused 100 guns to be fired on the Capitol Square. In the evening bonfires were lit in the streets and fireworks were displayed. A Republican mass meeting to ratify the nominations was held at the West Front during the evening of May 21. Speeches were made by R. P. L. Baber and Ex-Governor Chase, and songs were sung by the Lincoln Glee Club. The organization of " Wide Awake" companies in the interest of Lincoln and Hamlin began soon after this meeting. The officers of the first of these companies, chosen at a meeting held at the City Hall, May 30, were : Commandant, William L McMillen ; Assistant Commandants, James N. Noble and Edward Fitch; Secretary, Dwight Bannister ; Treasurer, Charles T. Wing. The Central Lincoln Club was organized at a mass meeting held in front of the Capitol June 1; President, R. W. Taylor ; Treasurer, Luther Do,naldson; Secretaries, James M. Coady and Hermann Reuss. The theatre building, on State Street, was leased for the use of Republican clubs and committees during the campaign. The Douglas wing of the Democracy held a ratification meeting in the Capitol Square June 25, J. H. Riley presiding. Speeches were made by R. B. Warden, Charles Sweetser. J. H Geiger, Sterne Chittenden and George L. Converse. A national salute was fired at the corner of State and Third, and the streets were illuminated with bonfires and enlivened by a parade of marching clubs. A Breckenridge and Lane ratification meeting, Thomas Sparrow presiding, was held at the corner of Broad and Third streets June 29. The speakers were Thomas Sparrow, William A. Neil and S. W. Andrews. The State Executive Committeemen of the Breckenridge Democracy were W. A. Neil, Thomas Sparrow, S. W. Andrews, J. A. Miller, I. A. Marrow and W. S. V. Prentiss. The Douglas Democracy held a State Convention July 4 at the Odeon, Samuel Lahm, of Stark, temporarily and Edward Kinsman, of Cuyahoga, permanently presiding. Nominations : Supreme Court Judge, Thomas J. Fitch, Montgomery; Attorney-General, Allen G. Thurman, Franklin ; Board of Public Works, Abner L. Backus, Lucas. The Breckenridge, or socalled " National " Democracy, held a State Convention in Columbus August 7. The. temporary chairman was General McLaughlin, of Richland ; the permanent one, Reuben Wood of Cuyahoga. Reso- lutions offered by C. B. Flood to nominate a State ticket were tabled. William A. Neil and Charles Reemelin were nominated as Electors-at-large. A Douglas Club was organized at the City Hall, August 11 ; President, Peter A.mbos ; Secretaries, John M. Pugh and Joseph Falkenbach ; Treasurer, S. S. Rickly. A Bell and Everett State Convention, P. Van Trump presiding, was held August 16 at Chillicothe. Allen Trimble of Highland, and John Davenport, of Belmont, were named as Electors-at-large. On July 27 John Sherman addressed a Republican meeting at the " Wigwam." A torchlight parade of Wide Awakes took place the same evening. Emancipation Day— August 1— was celebrated by the colored people at Goodale Park ; address by James Poindexter. POLITICAL EVENTS ; 1854-1860 - 429 On August 22 Cassius M. Clay addressed a large afternoon Republican meeting at the East Front of the Capitol. Au evening meeting at the Wigwam was addressed by Edward Archbold and S. P. Chase. A Republican mass meeting at the Wigwam September 21 was addressed by R. C. Schenck, Francis P. Blair, S. P. Chase and Thomas Corwin. On September 25 a large Douglas meeting was held at Goodale Park. Stephen A. Douglas and Hershel V. Johnson were both present and made speeches. A procession was formed on High Street, and moved to the Park with music and banners. A torchlight parade took place in the evening, and Messrs. Schnable, Johnson and Gibson addressed a street meeting in front of the American House. A Republican mass meeting, held at the Wigwam October 8, was addressed by H. C. Noble, S. P. Chase, William Dennison and Samuel Galloway. In the streets the Wide Awakes held a torchlight parade, accompanied by fireworks, artillery salutes and bonfires. A Democratic meeting held the same evening was addressed by S. S. Cox. A Breckenridge meeting held at the Odeon November 1 was addressed by Thomas W. Bartley and Charles Follett. A meeting of colored people held at the Second Baptist Church December 19 passed resolutions appealing to the General Assembly to repeal the "odious and unjust laws" discriminating against colored citizens. James Evans presided NOTES. 1. Ohio State Journal report. 2. Mr. Stanton had been Secretary and Acting Governor of Kansas Territory. CHAPTER XXVII. THE COALITION OF 1855. BY HON. OREN FOLLETT. [Hon. Oren Follett, of Sandusky, Ohio, was, at the time he wrote the following paper, in 1889, ninetytwo years of age, and was probably the oldest journalist then living in Ohio. He was a responsible editor of the Ohio State Journal during the campaigns of 1840 and 1844, and was editor of that paper for three years, beginning in 1854. At the period of which he writes, he was Chairman of the Republican State Central Committee. He is a brother to Mrs. William A. Platt, of Columbus.] In what I shall here say, I propose simply to review events with which as editor, and _Chairman of the Republican State Central Committee of 1855, I had connection, mentioning in my progress, as few names as possible. There are doubtless still in active life many persons who can recall the campaign of 1854, in all its essential features. It will be remembered that the State ticket of that year embraced but two offices, Judge of the Supreme Court and Member of the Board of Public Works. Judge Swan was elected by 80,000 majority! This was a" glorious victory," but wholly unexpected. It inspired the outside observer with unbounded confidence in the new party movement [then in progress]. The inside working of the political machine is not always understood by the average observer. The Know-Nothing organization was new and had manifested its power in local elections only; it was on this occasion left out of account. By means not necessary to detail, I had, early in the spring of 1855, obtained a view behind the scenes. The organization was spreading and was perfecting its machinery, but it did not think it wise or profitable to try its working power on the slim State ticket of 1854; it cast its vote, therefore, solid for Swan, as against its real object of attack. To the uninitiated, it would have been a matter of wonder and surprise to know that the order at that time had over 1,200 lodges in the State duly officered and organized. Many of the leading Whigs in the. State, strongly anti-slavery in their feelings, but unwilling to ally themselves with the so called Liberty party, were members of the Know-Nothing organization. It also had recruits from the Democratic party. There was something sectional in the new Republican party —they would wait. They did not deem it best to show their organized strength by a separate ticket in 1854, for the reasons already stated. The course adopted in 1854 was designed more for the depression of the Democratic organization than for the elevation of the Republican party, as was shown by their vigorous preparation for the campaign of 1855, as will appear. [430] THE COALITION OF 1855 - 431 I have, in as few words as possible, indicated the position of the parties in 1854. I regret that I cannot more fully enter into a history of the campaign of 1855, its hidden movements and processes, without mentioning the names of prominent persons, now passed away, who lent valuable aid to the movement by which the Know-Nothing and the Republican organizations were brought into harmonious action at a very critical period. I do not hesitate in naming Mr. Spooner (I do not remember his Christian name) recently deceased, who, at the time, was Clerk of the Superior Court of Cincinnati and was chief officer of the Know-Nothing organization. He was a total stranger, but by the intervention of friends, we were soon brought into confidential relations. His services were valuable; he betrayed no trust, and I take pleasure in paying this slight tribute to his memory. Avoiding detail which would involve the necessity of mentioning the names of men no longer on earth to speak for themselves, it will be sufficient to say that, after negotiation and due consultation, at which I %l as the only person privy on the part of the Republican party, it was determined to call a meeting of the secret organization to be composed of delegates from each Congressional District of the State, at which I might be present with such friends as I should select and would vouch for. Here was a climax. Whom could I safely approach ? I had sounded my committee. The feeling toward the Know-Nothings was one of mild indignation for failing to consider the result in 1854 as conclusive. In the course I was pursuing, secrecy all around was necessary, so far as opponents and the general public were concerned. As chairman of the State Central Committee and editor of the central organ, I was assuming a responsibility to be justified only by success. But having assured myself that to proceed as we were was certain defeat, I no longer hesitated. In the course adopted it will be seen that only open facts can be discussed. The Republican State Convention had been called for July 13, the anniversary of the Ordinance of 1787, and it was whispered that the Know-Nothing and the Democratic organizations would await its action. The most that would be conceded by our committee was to recall the announcement and to be guided by events. That, I claimed, would be a confession of weakness, a thing to be avoided when facing the enemy. The proposition was rejected. There seemed thus to be no alternative. Defeat was sure with the three parties in the field, with the probabilities largely in favor of the Democratic party in its awakened zeal. The Republican party proper had undoubtedly increased in force, but it was still the weakest of the three. Its defeat after the splendid canvass of 1854, would throw a damper over the States and, if not fatal, would certainly embarrass the movement for a time. I accepted the proposition of our Know Nothing brethren ; and, after looking over the ground in all its bearings, I selected two, and but two, friends to accompany me to the secret convention. These were Colonel Schouler, editor at that time of the Cincinnati Gazette, and George A. Benedict, one of the editors of the Cleveland Herald. The purpose to be answered by this selection will be apparent on slight examination ; the Gazette on the southern border, the Herald at the north and the Journal in the center, all speaking in the same voice and echoing the same sentiments, and all intensely Know-Nothing on certain points in the then condition of the press of Ohio, would be potential and irresistible, as the sequel proved. The secret convention assembled (the date I do not remember) at Cincinnati, in a room on Fourth Street, occupied by the engineers and draughtsmen engaged in the construction of, the Ohio & Mississippi railroad. There was a full representation from the congressional districts and quite a number of supernumer- 432 - HISTORY OF THE CITY OF COLUMBUS. :tries, residents of the city. The Republican representation was as before stated. On taking my seat and casting my eyes over the room, I discovered Colonel Lewis Campbell, of Butler county, with whom on former occasions I had cooperated. I at once took my seat beside him. It was arranged that, after the organization, I should address the meeting. I made my speech in explanation, etc., and was followed by Campbell. The further- preliminary proceedings were mainly by direct question and answer, all in good temper and with kindly intent. After a fair understanding to divide the ticket equally on the principle that, to the contracting parties, " half a loaf is better than no bread," very unexpectedly to me, a proposition was made to nominate a ticket forthwith, instead of awaiting the action of the State Convention. After discussion, the proposition was adopted. A full State ticket from the Governor down, made a fine opening for the ambitious. Mr. Chase, I knew full well. was a candidate for Governor and one not easily dis- Posed of' with the full Liberty party to back him. I had visited Mr. Chase in May, trying to persuade him to decline, fearing the effect of his name, on the members of the defunct Whig party, but without success. At the interview, he promised to consult his friends and give me an answer in the morning. How many he consulted besides communion with himself, is of course not known, but probably the circle was not large. On the other hand, I knew for a certainty that Jacob Brinkerhoff, of Mans- field, a lawyer of some eminence who had served a term in Congress, was the intended nominee of our Know-Nothing friends. When, in spite of my objection, it was voted to nominate, a crisis was presented which it was necessary promptly to meet. I arose in my place at the proper juncture and nominated Brinkerhoff for Governor. The effect was salutary. There was present in the meeting a delegate from Cincinnati, who had fixed his eye on the nomination for Attorney-General. He was disappointed and the incident came near defeating the whole movement, for, before ten o,clock next morning, Mr. Chase was informed in full of the proceedings the evening before. Here I must interrupt my narrative long enough to say that Mr. Chase was too good a manager, where himself was concerned, to provoke outside opposition unnecessarily. He wisely and fortunately for the good of the cause, determined to await developments and see what would come of counteracting movements. Of all this, in due course, I was advised or guessed, and took measures accordingly. Mr. Chase, on his part, was active and aggressive. His Liberty friends, as a class, were men of concentrated views and of determined purpose. Mr. Chase was their man and he should be nominated for Governor, even if compelled to run on an independent ticket. At the State Convention, to make sure of their object, there were in outside attendance some three or four hundred, whose purpose it was to give him an independent nomination, in case of failure before the Convention. I had information of this fact, but not of the numbers ; the latter came afterward by confession. To return to my narrative. The outlook, with the facts foreshadowed and transpiring, was not encouraging. It was necessary, if' we would succeed, to make myself master of the situation ; and for that purpose, I paid a personal visit to Mr. Brinkerhoff at Mansfield and to another talked-of candidate in Morrow County, whose name I cannot recall, to ask of them a pledge not to withdraw from the canvass at the instance of Mr. Chase,s friends or of anybody else, without consulting with me. After due explanation, the pledge was given and kept in good faith. In due course, the Convention met at Columbus. The arrangement still stood that the ticket should be of the approved mixture —" half and half "--- in other words, haltit Republican and half Know-Nothing. It should here be understood that the Know-Nothing State Convention, which, if my memory serves me, was to have been held in Cleveland, had been quietly postponed to await events, and THE COALITION OF 1855 - 433 delegates to the Columbus Convention elected at the Republican primary meetings in which the Know-Nothings were to take part. Of course, I understood that this arrangement, with their secret organization, would give our friends a decided advantage in the selection of delegates. That was a minor risk. The Convention was to be a Republican Convention and the ticket nominated was to be a Republican ticket. I do not suppose that I was the only one who saw the ultimate outcome. But the leading men who lent themselves to the movement were men of enlarged views and patriotic sentiments. They had mostly been Whigs as long as there was a Whig party, and such of them as were Know- Nothings were so to arrest or at least check the movement of the Democratic party North, in its growing sympathy with the arrogant claims of the South. This explanation is due to the memory of the many prominent men who had allied themselves with the Know-Nothing party and without whose sympathy and hearty concurrence, I could have done nothing effectively. I return to the Convention. It met as appointed. The delegations were full to overflowing. In short, the outside attendance swelled the crowd to inconvenience, Excitement ran high. Giddings led the Liberty party crowd. I did not know, nor did I wish to know, his exact position in case of failure to nominate Chase. I repeat, the excitement ran high. Various expedients were proposed. Some Columbus friends suggested the nomination of Judge Swan for Governor ; the Judge's splendid canvass of the year before, it was thought, made him invincible. They did not understand the inside workings of the campaign. I made no attempt to explain the present condition of things; the advice was to keep cool and await events. So far as I knew, myself and the two editors named were the only persons on our side who understood the real state of things. When the excitement was at the highest, I sought out my friend Brinkerhoff. I called his attention to the excitement, which he fully recognized, and of which he had in part penetrated the cause. In view of the facts and the state of things portending, I put the question whether he had not better take the nomination of Judge, as really an office of more honor and power than that of Governor. His reply was prompt ; he thought he would ; it was more in the line of his profession, etc. The agony was over. A few words in the right place operated like oil on the troubled waters. Mr. Chase was on hand watching the course of things. I went to his room and informed him that the course was clear for his nomination. These were the first words that we had exchanged on the subject since my interview in May. He seemed incredulous, but the immediate entrance of Lew Campbell, with the same announcement, removed all doubt. But the Convention — what of it? It assembled and nominated a full ticket, every candidate being a Know-Nothing, with the exception of the head, Mr. Chase. What, then? Where was your "half and half?" Why, simple reader, we had got the whole! Were they not nominated at a Republican Convention? Were they not all Republicans? The Know-Nothing party was disbanded, dead. The Liberty party was absorbed, amalgamated. The coast was clear for the Republican party and it took possession. This history would not be complete without mention of the additional fact that a portion of the Know-Nothing party in the central and southern counties were not satisfied with the nomination of Mr. Chase. They therefore brought out Ex-Governor Trimble as a third candidate and polled some 23,000 votes for him. But, notwithstanding, by good management Mr. Chase's plurality was about 15,000 —and the whole ticket was triumphantly elected. As in 1854-5, the now compact Republican party thought that some recognition was due the editor of the Journal ; and, by due process, he became at the suc- 28* 434 - HISTORY OF THE CITY OF COLUMBUS. ceeding Congress of 1855-6, the caucus candidate for Public Printer, with General Banks, of Massachusetts, as the candidate for Speaker. History tells us that General Banks was elected, but I was not. The story, if told in detail, would be a long one ; and for many reasons had better not be told. The principal actors have all passed away ; not one, so far as I know, is now living. It was a selfish, unprincipled job from the beginning, adverse to honest party rule in its inception and its execution. Omitting details, it should be understood that the plot to capture the office and elect a Democrat as Printer (Wendell), had its inception in the ascertained close division of the parties in the House, before the assembling of Congress. Men of both parties, not members, were concerned in the plot. Touching the final issue, it is in order to say, as shown by the record, that the Indiana delegation brought forward a candidate of their own, Mr. Defrees, of Indianapolis. This looked like independent action—but it was not. In 1855, it will bear saying, Mr. Harrison, a son of President Harrison of 1840, and the father of President Harrison of 1888, was a member of the Indiana delegation and, though not a leading member, was one of the most stubborn bolters. Undoubtedly there were individuals who took part in this job who did not understand the work in all its bearings and did not know how deep they were wallowing. They were used by abler and bigger men than themselves to " pull the chestnuts out of the fire." An incident took place the evening before the election of Printer too personal to be related here. 1 forebear entering upon it at this late day. What I have set down is a fair history, in outline, of the campaign of 1855 and its attendant consequences, which I verify by my signature and would otherwise attest, if it were necessary. O. FOLLETT. CHAPTER XXVIII. POLITICAL EVENTS; 1861-1867. 1861. January 4 was set apart by proclamation of the National and State executives as aexecutivesting and prayer for the Union, then in imminent peril of disruption. The forces of the Southern Confederacy were at this time already organizing ; State after State was drifting towards the vortex of revolt, and political events of the highest importance followed one another, thick and fast. Party lines and factions became insignificant in the presence of the momentous crisis which involved the national existence. The Republicans, professing to renounce all mere partisan considerations for the salvation of the country, adopted the name of Union, and Democrats, in large numbers, were equally prompt to subrogate every party obligation to the higher one of maintaining the integrity and supremacy of the national compact. On January 23 the Democratic State Convention met at Armory Hall; Thomas J. S. Smith was chosen as its temporary, and Henry J. Jewett as its permanent chairman. John K. Ridgway and twenty others were appointed vice chairmen. From the Committee on Resolutions R. P. Ranney reported a declaration of principals, the fifth clause of which was objected to by Judge Key as recognizing the right of secession. The resolve objected to read : That the two hundred thousand Democrats of Ohio send to the people of the United States, both North and South, greeting ; and when the people of the North shall have fulfilled their duties to the Constitution and the South, then, and not until then, will it be proper for them to take into consideration the question of the right of the coercion of a State; and then and not until then, should they attempt to put down the alleged right of secession by the alleged right of coercion. Substitutes for this were offered by Judges Key, Warden and Thurman ; that of Judge Thurman was adopted as follows: That the two hundred thousand Democrats of Ohio send to the people of the United States, both North and South, greeting ; and when the people of the North shall have fulfilled their duties to the Constitution and the South, then, and not until then, will it be proper for them to take into consideration the question of the right and propriety of coercion. On January 28 a Union meeting, " irrespective of party," held at the City Hall, A. G. Hibbs presiding, adopted resolutions favoring the measure known as the Crittenden compromise, and declaring that the Union could not be preserved by force. This meeting was addressed by Matthias Martin, Robert Hutcheson, S. Medary and A. G. Thurman. An editorial article in the Cincinnati Commercial [435] 436 - HISTORY OF THE CITY OF COLUMBUS. of March 31, preferring the dissolution of the Union to coercion, was a subject of general and deeply interested comment throughout the city. The article was currently supposed at the time to represent the views of Mr. Chase. On February 8 the following dispatch was received by Governor Dennison : SPRINGFIELD, ILLINOIS, Feb. 18], 1861. Gov. William Dennison :—In reply to your despatch to John Y. Wilcox I would state that Mr. Lincoln will leave here on Monday, eleventh instant, arriving at Indianapolis at 5 P. M. same day ; will arrive in Cincinnati on Tuesday at 3 P. M. ; will arrive at Columbus on Wednesday at 2 P. M.; will leave Columbus on Thursday, at 8 A. M. W. S. Woel). A joint committee of the General Assembly to arrange for the reception of Mr. Lincoln at the capital of Ohio had already been appointed, its members on the part of the Senate being Messrs. James Monroe, F. P. Cuppy and George W. Holmes, and on the part of the House, Messrs. Samuel Brown, S. W. Andrews, E. Parrott, J. Scott, William J. Flagg, Isaac Welsh and Jesse Baldwin. Overtures from this committee to the City Council of Columbus to cooperate in the arrangements for the reception were cordially responded to, and Messrs. A. B. Buttles, J. A. Riley and S. E. Ogden were appointed committeemen to represent the Council in that behalf. Mayor Lorenzo English and Messrs. Donaldson, Comstock, Butler and Stauring of the Council were appointed to invite the President elect to accept the hospitalities of the city. An official programme for the reception was prepared and announced by State Adjutant-General Carrington. The weather on the day of Mr. Lincoln,s arrival (Wednesday, thirteenth) was propitious, and the city was crowded with visitors. The popular eagerness to see the coming President was intense, and when the train bearing him rolled into the station, the great crowd which had gathered there broke into prolonged huzzas, mingling with the deep-toned echoes of an artillery salute. Amid enthusiastic demonstrations Mr. Lincoln descended from the train, and was conducted to a carriage drawn by four bay horses and escorted by a civic and military procession up High Street to the Capitol, where another great crowd was in waiting. Passing, with some difficulty, through the dense throng into the Capitol building, Mr. Lincoln was introduced to the General Assembly, in the Hall of Representative's, by Lieutenant-Governor Kirk, who in the course of his remarks, said : Never, in the history of this government, has such fearful responsibility rested upon the chief executive of the nation as will now devolve upon you. Never, since the memorable time our patriotic fathers gave existence to the American Republic, have the people looked with such intensity .of feeling to the inauguration and future policy of a President, as they do to yours. Accompanied by Governor Dennison, Mr. Lincoln ascended to the Speaker,s desk and spoke as follows : Mr. President and Mr. Speaker, and Gentlemen of the General Assembly of Ohio : It is true, as has been said by the President of the Senate, that very great responsibility rests upon me in the position to which the votes of the American people have called me. I am duly sensible of that weighty responsibility. I can but know what you all know, that without a name — perhaps without a reason why I should have a name — there has fallen upon me a task such as did not rest upon the Father of his Country, and so feeling I can only turn and look for those supports without which it will be impossible for me to perform that great task. I turn, then, and look to the American people, and to that God who has never forsaken the American people. Allusion has been made to the interest felt in relation to the policy of the new administration. In reference to this I have received from some sources some degree of credit for having kept silence ; from others some degree of depreciation. I still think I was right. In the varying and repeatedly shifting scenes that never could enable us to judge by the past, it has seemed fitting that before speaking upen the difficulties of the country I should have seen the whole ground to be sure ; after all being at liberty to modify and change the course of policy as future events may make a change necessary. I have not maintained silence from POLITICAL EVENTS; 1861-1867 - 437 any real want of anxiety. It is a good thing that there is no more anxiety, for there is nothing co (mg. It is a consoling circumstance that when we look out, there is nothing that rea y hurts anybody. We entertain different views upon political questions, but nobody is suffering anything. This is a most consoling circumstance, and from it we may conclude that all we want is time, patience and reliance on that God who has never forsaken this people. Fellow citizens, what I have said, I have said altogether extemporaneously and I will now come to a close. Commenting upon this address, the Ohio State Journal said of Mr. Lincoln : The impression which the appearance of the President created was most agreeable. His great height was conspicuous even in that crowd ef goodly men. . . . At first the kindness and amiability of his face strikes you, but as he speaks, the greatness and determination of his nature are apparent. Something in his manner, even more than his words, told how deeply he was affected by the enthusiasm of the people, and when he appealed to them for encouragement and support, every heart responded with mute assurance of both. There was the simplicity of greatness in his unassuming, confiding manner that won its way to instant admiration. After the reception by the General Assembly, Mr. Lincoln was conducted to the West Front of the Capitol, where he addressed the people as follows: Ladies and Gentlemen : I appear before you only to address you very briefly. I shall do little else than thank you for this very kind reception ; to greet you and bid you farewell. I should not find strength. if I were otherwise inclined, to repeat speeches of very great length upon every occasion similar to this—although few so large—which will occur on my way to the Federal Capital. The General Assembly has just done me the honor to receive me, and to hear a few broken remarks from myself. Judging from what I see, I infer that that reception was one without party distinction, and one of entire kindness ; one that had nothing in it beyond a feeling of the citizenship of the United States of America. Knowing, as I do, that any crowd drawn together as this has been is made up of citizens near about, and that in this county of Franklin there is great difference of political sentiment, and those agreeing with me having a little the shortest row [laughter]—from this and the circumstances I have mentioned I infer that you do me honor to meet me here without distinction of party. I think this is as it should be. Many of you who were not favorable to the election of myself to the Presidency were favorable to the election of the distinguished Senator from the State in which I reside. If Senator Douglas had been elected to the Presidency in the late contest, I think my friends would have joined heartily in meeting and greeting him on his passage through your capital, as you have me today. If any of the other candidates had been elected, I think it would have been altogether becoming and proper for all to have joined in showing honor, quite as well to the office and the country as to the man. The people themselves are honored by such a concentration. I am doubly thankful that you have appeared here to give me this greeting. It is not much to me, for I shall very soon pass away from you ; but we have a large country and a large future before us, and the manifestations of good will towards the government, and affection for the Union which you may exhibit, are of immense value to you and your posterity forever. [Applause]. In this point of view it is that I thank you most heartily for the exhibition you have given me, and with this allow me to bid you an affectionate farewell. After this address the Presidentelect took a position in the rotunda, near the stairway leading to the Library, and received the people, who passed in at the south door and out at the north one in eager, impatient and apparently endless mass. For awhile Mr. Lincoln signaled his greetings with his right hand but, says an account, As the officers gave way before the irresistible crowd, he shoek hands right and left with astonishing rapidity. The physical exertion must have been tremendous. People plunged at his arms with frantic enthusiasm, and all the infinite variety of shakes, from the wild and irrepressible pumphandle movement to the dead grip, was executed upon the devoted sinister and dexter of the President. Some glanced into his face as they grasped his hand, others invoked the blessing of Heaven upon him ; others gave him their last gasping assurance of devotion ; others, bewildered and furious, with hats crushed over their eyes, seized his hand in a convulsive grasp, and passed on. . .. But at last the performance became 438 - HISTORY OF THE CITY OF COLUMBUS. intolerable to the President, who retired to the staircase, in exhaustion and contented himself with looking at the crowd.as it swept before him. Mr. Lincoln remained at the Capitol until 4:30 P. M., when he withdrew to the residence of Governor Den nison,2 where he was visited by members of the General Assembly and City Council. In the course of the evening he held another brief levee at the City ; at eight o,clock on the morning of the fourteenth he departed, by rail, for Pittsburgh. He was accompanied by members of his family and others. In January the General Assembly passed a joint resolution authorizing the Governor to appoint commissioners to represent Ohio at a Peace Conference invited by Virginia and to be held. at Washington. S. P. Chase, Thomas Ewing, John C. Wright, V. B. Horton, W. S. Groesbeck, Franklin T. Backus and Reuben. Hitchcock were the commissioners named. lion. S. P. Chase resigned from the National Senate March 6, to accept appointment as Secretary of the Treasury. John Sherman was chosen to succeed him March 21. B. F. Wade had been elected for the full term some weeks before. A very large Union meeting, at which J. R. Swan presided, was held at Armory Hall April 17. The meeting was addressed by Judges Swan, Warden, and Rankin, S. Galloway, J. A. Garfield and others. Resolutions declaring that the National Government must be sustained, at whatever sacrifice, were adopted. Senator Stephen A. Douglas arrived at ColumbusAfrom Washington, en route to Chicago, at midnight April 22-23. Sometime after midnight he was serenaded at the American House where he was stopping, and a curious scene took place which was thus described by Hon. J. D. Cox : A dark mass of men filled the dimly lit street and called for Douglas with an earnestness of tone wholly different from the enthusiasm of common political gatherings. He came halfdressed to his window and, without any light near him, spoke solemnly to the people upon the terrible crisis which had come upon the nation. . . . I remember well the solicitude with which I listened to his opening sentences as I leaned against the railing of the Statehouse Park trying in vain to see more than the dim outline of a man as he stood at the unlighted window, His deep sonorous tones rolled down through the darkness from above in an earnest, measured voice, the more solemn, the more impressive because we coal not see the speaker, and it came to us literally as "a voice in the night" —the night of our country's unspeakable trial. There was no uncertainty in his tone ; the Union must be preserved and the insurrection crushed ; he pledged his earnest support to Mr. Lincoln in doing this. Other questions must stand aside until the National authority should be everywhere recognized. I do not think we greatly cheered him. It was rather a deep amen that went up from the crowd. One the following day — twentythird — Mr. Douglas, by invitation of the General Assembly, addressed an immense audience at the North Front of the Capitol. A newspaper report thus summarized his remarks, which, we are told, were " received with universal approbation." He said he would never advise, but would resist at all times, a war against the institutions, the property and the constitutional rights of the people of the South ; on the other hand, he would resist secession, uphold the flag, and maintain the authority of the Federal Government. He would not fight the South in violation of her rights, but he would uphold the constitution of his country and not lay down our arms until the national authority was vindicated . . . The great Northwest would never consent that the Gulf States should control the mouth of the Mississippi, or interrupt the the free navigation thereof. . . The seceded states have already adopted many of the most odious features of the tyrannical governments of Europe. Passports of the most oppressive and exacting kind are now in existence there. The questions involved are such as should arouse the patriotic people of the whole Union, and the war should be one of self-defense, and for the preservation of the Government. He called upon all men, without respect to party, to rally to the defense of the Government and its constitutional head, and for the maintenance of the National Constitution, and said it was no time now to inquire what produced this state of things ; no time to discuss this platform or that platform. . . . He paid a high compliment to the patriotic citi- POLITICAL EVENTS ; 1861-1867 - 439 zens of Ohio for their loyalty to the Union, and the alacrity with which they are responding to the call of the country. At eleven A. M. Senator and Mrs. Douglas quitted the city for Chicago. He died there on the third of the ensuing June. The Democratic State Convention was held at Columbus August 7; Samuel G. Wilson, of Mahoning, was temporary, and D. A. Starkweather, of Summit, permanent chairman. Nominations: Governor, H. J. Jewett, Muskingum ; Lieutenant-Governor, J. Scott Harrison ; Supreme Court Judge, Thomas J. S. Smith ; Secretary of State, W. W. Armstrong ; State Treasurer, George W. Holmes ; Comp troller, Wayne Griswold ; Board of Public Works, J. W. Fitch. The resolutions adopted declared that the Civil War was the result of "misguided sectionalism engendered by fanatical agitators, north as well as south " that it " should not be waged for any purpose of conquest or subjection, nor for the purpose of overthrowing or interfering with the rights of established institutions of the States," but to " defend and maintain the supremacy of the Constitution and to preserve the Union, with all the dignity, equality and rights of the States unimpaired ; " and that " the legislatures of the several States " should take measures for calling a national convention to settle the existing difficulties. On July 25 the Republican State Central Committee assembled at Columbus and adopted resolutions declaring it the duty of all citizens "to put aside all political opinions and unite in defense of their government ;" that it was therefore not expedient to call a convention to nominate state officers ; that the Democratic State Central Committee be requested to unite with the Republican Committee in a call for a joint delegate convention representing all who were in favor of the maintenance of the National Government and of the vigorous and continued prosecution of the war for that purpose ; and that in the event of refusal by the Democratic Committee to accept this proposition before August 9, the Republican Executive Committee be directed to call a delegate nominating convention " to be chosen without reference to party upon the simple basis of the maintenance of the Government and the suppression of the rebellion against it." No response being received to the invitation extended to the Democratic Committee in pursuance of these resolutions within the prescribed time, and the Democrats having meanwhile nominated their own ticket, a call was issued for a " Union Convention " to be representatives of " all loyal citizens" who were in favor of maintaining the National Government and suppressing the rebellion against it. This call was signed by George M. Parsons, Samuel Galloway, John Brough, G. Volney Dorsey, David Tod, R. P. Spalding, R. B. Warden, and many others, both Democrats and Republicans. The convention thus summoned was held at Columbus September 5, Thomas Ewing presiding. Its nominations were : Governor, David Tod ; Lieutenant-Governor, Benjamin Stanton ; Supreme Court Judge, Josiah Scott; Comptroller, J. H. Riley; State Treasurer, G. Volney Dorsey ; Secretary of State, B. R. Cowen ; Board of Public Works, John Torrence. The resolutions adopted declared that the war had been "forced upon the country by the disunionists of the Southern States ;" that it was being waged on the loyal side in no spirit of resentment and for no purpose of conquest ; and that — quoting the language of Hon. Joseph Holt—" we [the Unionists] are for the Union without conditions, one and indivisible now and forever ; for its preservation at any and every cost of blood and treasure against all its assailants; and against any and every compromise that may be proposed to be made under the guns of the rebels." Union State Executive Committee : Isaac J. Allen, James H. Smith, George M. Parsons, Thomas Sparrow, C. N. Olds, John Geary, B. F. Martin. Democratic State Executive Committee : Wayne Griswold, William A. Johnson, Samuel Medary, G. W. Manypenny, Jacob Reinhard, S. R Hosmer, J. F. Bollmeyer. 440 - HISTORY OF THE CITY OF COLUMBUS. J. Scott Harrison having declined the Democratic nomination for Lieutenant-Governor, John G. Marshall, of Brow n County, was nominated in his stead by the State Executive Committee of the party, which at the same time appointed S. Medary as its chairman, and Amos Layman as its secretary. Hon. J. J. Crittenden, of Kentucky, addressed a large impromptu Democratic meeting at the West Front of the Capitol August 6. Hon. Andrew Johnson, of Tennessee, addressed a large audience in behalf of the Union at the Hall of Representatives October 5. The meeting began at the East Terrace, but rain compelled the people to go inside. 1862. Governor Tod was inaugurated January 13, the ceremonies being held in the rotunda of the Capitol. The Forty-sixth Ohio Infantry, from Camp Lyon, the Twenty-ninth, Fiftheighth and Sixtyninth from Camp Chase, and two companies of United States Infantry under Colonel Carrington, took part in the ceremonies. The troops assembled on State Street, whence they marched to a large field southeast of the Asylum for the Insane, where they were reviewed by Governor Dennison and staff and the Governor elect. William G. ("Parson ") Brownlow, of Tennessee, visited Columbus, April 13, and was received with special honors by the General Assembly. In the evening a soiree at which he was the principal guest, was given at the residence of Luther Donaldson, President of the City Council. The Democratic State Convention met at the Naughten Hall, where Doctor Wayne Griswold called it to order " by waving a green hickory bough " understood to symbolize an " olive branch of peace." John O,Neill, of Muskingum, was the temporary, and S. Medary, of Franklin, the permanent chairman. Among the speakers who delivered addresses during the day and evening were Messrs. Medary, Vallandigham, Thurman, Jackson, Trainer and Finck. The resolutions denounced the emancipation measures of President Lincoln. Nominations: Supreme Court Judge, R. P. Ranney; Secretary of State, W. W. Armstrong ; Attorney-General, Lyman R. Critchfield ; School Commissioner, C. W. H. Cathcart; Board of Public Works, James Gamble. The Union State Convention assembled in Naughten Hall, August 21, Benjamin Stanton chairman, both temporary and permanent. The resolutions adopted opposed all compromises with the Rebellion, and endorsed the administration of Governor Tod. Nominations: Supreme Court Judge, Franklin T. Backus ; Secretary of .State, W. S. Kennon, Attorney-General, Chauncey N. Olds; School Commissioner, William D. Henkle; Board of Public Works, John B. Gregory. On October 6, a mass meeting " without reference to party was held in the Capitol Square to "give expression of public sentiment in endorsement of the President's [emancipation] proclamation." This meeting was referred to as "one of the grandest assemblages ever witnessed in Ohio." It was addressed by Governor Tod, G. V. Dorsey, General Wallace and Samuel Galloway. T. Buchanan Read recited his poem— The Defenders. Professor Lewis Heyl presided. A meeting of colored citizens to express their joy over the Emancipation Proclamation was held October 8, at the First Baptist Church. H. B. Ferguson was chairman, J. R. Roney secretary. 1863. On January 5, Edson B. Olds, discharged from political imprisonment, was escorted from Lancaster to Columbus by his partisans. A great procession, formed POLITICAL EVENTS ; 1861-1867 - 441 six miles out, conducted him into the city. An address of welcome was delivered by George L. Converse and responded to by Mr. Olds. The marshals of the day were B. W. Carlisle and sheriff Miller, of Fairfield, and J. 0. Reamey of Franklin. On March 5, the office of Medary's Crisis was mobbed, as described in another chapter. The Eighth of January was celebrated by the Democracy at the American House, Judge R. P. Ranney presiding. Addresses were made by H. J. Jewett, Milton Saylor, E. B. Olds, Colonel Manypenny, L. R. Critchfield, William J. Flagg and A. M. Jackson. A great Union mass meeting held in Columbus. March 3, was addressed by Andrew Johnson, of Tennessee ; Governor Wright, of Indiana; Benjamin Stanton and S. F. Cary. Mr. Johnson arrived March 2, and was entertained at the residence of Governor Tod whence he was escorted to the Capitol by a detachment of the Eighteenth Regulars, Captain Eyster ; the Governor's Guard, and the Second Ohio Cavalry, Colonel Kountz. Despite a snow storm prevailing at the time, the streets through which the procession passed were crowded with people. On the Capitol grounds the party was welcomed by an artillery salute of 144 guns, fired by Captain Konkle's Battery. The meeting was held. in the Hall of Representatives, which was densely crowded. Mr. Johnson began his address at two o'clock P. M., and spoke three hours. An " overflow " meeting in the Senate Chamber was addressed by Colonel L. D. Campbell. A Union League was organized in the course of the spring ; its hall was in the Carpenter Block. C. L. Vallandigham addressed meetings of his partisans at Columbus on April 28 and 30. On May 1, he delivered an address at Mount Vernon, for the treasonable sentiments of which he was arrested at Dayton, May 5, condemned, and sent south. A so called Ohio Peace Convention was held on the East Terrace of the Capitol June 11. Its temporary chairman was John S. Trimble, of Jefferson County; its permanent chairman. William Medill, of Fairfield. Judge James of Muskingum proposed. C. L. Vallandigham for the nomination for Governor ; Henry B. Payne, of Cuyahoga, proposed H. J. Jewett. All of the votes but eleven were east for Vallandigham on the first ballot. The other nominations made were : Lieutenant-Governor, George E. Pugh ; Auditor, William Hubbard ; Treasurer, Henry S Knapp ; Supreme Court Judge, P. Van Trump; Board of Public Works, John H. Heaton. Resolutions reported by Allen G. Thurman were adopted, denouncing Vallandigham's arrest and banishment, and demanding his recall. A committee to present this demand to President Lincoln was appointed as follows : G. H. Pendleton, Alexander Long, D. A. Houk, J. F. McKinney. F C. LeBlond, Chilton A. White, S. S. Cox, T. W. Bartley, Louis Schaeffer, W. P. Noble, A. L. Backus, W. A. Hutchins, William E. Fink, John O'Neill, George Bliss, James R. Morris, J. W. White, W. J. Gordon and M. Birchard. This committee held a consultation at Columbus prior to its departure for Washington. The Union State Convention was held at the Atheneum June 17, L. D. Campbell presiding. Nominations: Governor, John Brough ; Lieutenant-Governor, Charles Anderson ; Supreme Court Judge, Hocking Hunter ; Auditor. James H. Godman ; Treasurer, G. V. Dorsey; Board of Public Works, John M. Barrere. The convention was addressed by L. D. Campbell and Benjamin F. Wade. A large street parade took place, incidental to the convention. -Union mass meetings held July 8 were addressed by J. M. Ashley, John Brough and Charles Anderson. The evening meeting in the Capitol Square was described as " immense." Another union meeting held in the Square September 7 was addressed by John Brough, David Tod, Samuel Galloway and Wager Swayne. A closing Union rally at Columbus October 8, at which William Dennison presided, was addressed by B. F. Wade, Z. Chandler and John A. Bingham. A very large street parade took place in the afternoon. A meeting of War Democrats support- 442 - HISTORY OF THE CITY OF COLUMBUS. ing Brough was held at Columbus September 22, Barnabas Burns chairman. It was addressed by Colonel McGroarty and Messrs. Fitzgerald and Burke. A large Democratic meeting, one of the incidentals of which was a long procession, took place September 21. It was addressed by D. W. Voorhes, Allen G. Thurman and William Allen. The speeches were delivered from the East Terrace of the Capitol. A Union ''jollification" over the defeat of Vallandigham took place October 14. Granville Moody, Ex-Governor Tod, N. A. Gray and Secretary S. P. Chase were the principal speakers of the occasion. On November 1 C. W. H. Cathcart, School Commissioner of Ohio ; J. D. Cresup, of Columbus ; Thomas Watson, a Confederate captain ; and Doctor Lazelle, a Confederate Surgeon, were arrested by United States Marshal Sands on charges of aiding and abetting the rebellion by furnishing information to the enemy. The accused persons were taken to Cincinnati for trial. 1864. On January 8 the two Houses of the General Assembly met jointly in the Hall of Representatives and listened to an address on the life and character of Andrew Jackson by G. V. Dorsey. The Democratic State Convention met at Naughten Hall March 23, George Rex presiding, and appointed delegates to the National Convention to be held at Chicago. An effort was made to have Vallandigham appointed as one of the delegates but failed ; R. P. Ranney was named in his stead. George E. Pugh and T. W. Bartley were nominated for Senatorial Electors. Other nominations were : Secretary of State, W. W. Armstrong ; Supreme Court Judges, P. Van Trump, M. C. Whitely and A. S. Boys ; Attorney-General, Lyman R. Critchfield ; Comptroller, W. S. V. Prentice ; School Commissioner, A. S. Ramsey ; Board of Public Works, William Larwill. Executive Committee : John G. Thompson, S. W. Andrews, F. Jaeger, George L. Converse and A. G. Thurmany The State Union Convention met May 25, Colonel T. R. Stanley, of the Eighteenth Ohio Infantay, presiding, and nominated : For Supreme Court Judges, Luther Day, William White and Horace Wilder ; Secretary of State, William H. Smith ; Attorney-General, W. P. Richardson : Comptroller, Moses R. Brailey ; Board of Public Works, Philip Herzing full term and James Moore for the vacancy. State Executive Committee : D. V. Dorsey, James Williams, A. B. Buttles, Theodore Comstock, H. Miller, B. Gillmore and William Dennison. The convention was addressed by Messrs. Brough, Stanton, Bingham, Caddis, Loudon and Brehm. The National Republican Convention assembled in Baltimore June 7. Doctor Breckenridge was its temporary and William Dennison its permanent chairman. Its nominees were Abraham Lincoln for President and Andrew Johnson for Vice President. The National Democratic Convention was held at Chicago, beginning August 29. Ex-Governor Bigler was its temporary and Horatio Seymour its permanent chairman. George B. McClellan was nominated for President and George H. Pendleton for Vice President. John C. Fremont was nominated for the Presidency by a Republican faction, and accepted the nomination, but afterwards withdrew from the field. On June 21 the Baltimore nominations were ratified by a large mass meeting held in the Capitol Square. This meeting was addressed by Messrs. Dennison, Delano, Tod and Dorsey. The Chicago nominations were ratified with bonfires, POLITICAL EVENTS; 1861-1867 - 443 speeches and fireworks September 7. The principal speakers were Judge J. L. Green—who presided—A. G. Thurman and S. S. Cox. A large Union meeting was held in the Capitol Square September 14 ; speakers, S. Galloway and William Dennison. Sheridan's victory in the Valley was announced just as the meeting was closing. A Democratic meeting held in the Courthouse yard July 24 was addressed by S. S. Cox Another Democratic meeting held at the Courthouse August 23 was addressed by Matthias Martin, George L. Converse, John G. Edwards and others. A grand Union rally was held in the Capitol Square October 8. A large street parade was one of the conspicuous features of the occasion. The principal speaker was Horace Maynard, of Tennessee. Otto Dresel having resigned his seat in the General Assembly, the Democrats nominated A. G. Hibbs and the Union party Henry Emrich, to succeed him. The special election took place December 28, and resulted in the election of Hibbs. 1865. On February 7 Governor Brough received a dispatch from the President announcing that twothirds of all the States had adopted the thirteenth amendment to the National Constitution, abolishing slavery. At noon the two Houses of the General Assembly met jointly in the Representatives' Chamber and exchanged congratulations upon this event. Speeches were made by Governor Brough and Speaker Johnson. At five P. M. a salute of 100 guns was fired on the Capitol Square. A State Convention of County Clerks was held in Columbus January 7, and one of County Sheriffs, January 19. February 22 was celebrated by a banquet given at the Neil House by the Hamilton County members of the General Assembly to the officers and legislators of the State in honor of the anniversary and also in commemoration of the fall of Charleston. The oratorical efforts of the occasion were numerous. The Union State Convention was held June 17, General William B. Woods presiding, both temporarily and permanently. Nominations : Governor, General Jacob Dolson Cox ; Lieutenant-Governor, Andrew G. McBurney ; Treasurer, Sidney S. Warner ; Supreme Court Judges, Jacob Brinkerhoff and John Welsh ; Attorney-General, William H. West; School Commissioner, John A. Norris ; Board of Public Works, James Moore • Supreme Court Clerk, Rodney Foos. State Executive Committee, George B. Wright, James Williams, A. B. Buttles, J. J. Janney, B. R. Cowen, Merrill Barlow, J. W. Dwyer. The convention was addressed by William B. Woods and R. C. Schenck ; its music was furnished by a colored band from Chattanooga.. The Democratic State Convention was held at the Atheneum August 24 ; C. L. Vallandigham was its temporary, and R. P. Ranney, its permanent chairman. Speeches were made by Messrs. Vallandigham, Ranney, Thurman, Morgan, Pendleton and Sawyer. Nominations : Governor, George W. Morgan ; Lieutenant-Governor, William Lang ; Supreme Court Judges, P. Van Trump and Thomas M. Key; State Treasurer, George Spence ; Attorney-General, David W. Wilson ; School Commissioner, H. H. Barney ; Board of Public Works, Charles Boesel ; Supreme Court Clerk, S. Daner. State Executive Committee : John G. Thompson, Amos Layman, E. F. Bingham, A. G. Thurman and W. W. Webb. The Franklin Democratic Association was organized October 28; President, A. G. Thurman; Vice President, E. F. Bingham ; Secretaries, John G. Thompson and Jacob Lohrer ; Treasurer, Newton Gibbons. Governor John Brough died at Cleveland August 29; Lieutenant-Governor Charles Anderson was inaugurated as Governor August 30. 444 - HISTORY OF THE CITY OF COLUMBUS. 1866. General J. D. Cox was inaugurated as Governor January 9. The ceremonies took place in the rotunda of the Capitol whither General Cox was escorted by the Fourth Regiment of Veteran Reserves. The oath of office was administered by Chief Justice Brinkerhoff. John Sherman was nominated for National Senator by the Republican caucus January 17. The rival candidates for the nomination were R. C. Schenck and John A. Bingham. A lecture on the National Debt was delivered before the Franklin Democratic Association January 6 by George W. Morgan. January Eighth was celebrated by the Democracy at Naughton Hall, Hon. William Allen presiding. The principal speakers were A. G. Thurman, G. W. Morgan, G. H. Pendleton, L. R. Critchfield, F. H. Hurd, C. H. Vallandig- ham, Charles Follett and Barnabas Burns. During the latter part of 1864 Lambdin P. Milligan, William A. Bowles and Stephen Horsey, citizens of Indiana, were arrested, tried by a military commission, condemned and sentenced to be hung for alleged conspiracy against the National Government. On June 1, 1865, the day before that appointed for their execution, President Johnson commuted their sentence to life imprisonment, in the Ohio Penitentiary. On April 10, 1866, L. P. Milligan was discharged on writ of habeas corpus issued by the Probate Judge of Franklin County, Hon. John M. Pugh. The attorney who procured the writ was Milligan's fellow townsman, J. T. Coffroth. Pending additional proceedings to obtain the release of Bowles and Horsey, their discharge from further custody was telegraphically ordered by the War Department. The Democratic State Convention was held at Naughten Hall May 24; temporary chairman, H. J. Jewett ; permanent, A. G. Thurman. Nominations Secretary of State, Benjamin Le Favor ; Supreme Court Judge, Thomas M. Key ; Board of Public Works, William Larwill. Speeches were made by Messrs. Jewett, Thurman and Vallandigham. The Union State Convention was held at the Atheneum June 20 ; temporary chairman, George Hoadly ; permanent, Peter Odlin. Nominations : Secretary of State, William H. Smith ; Supreme Court Judge, Josiah Scott ; Board of Public Works, John M. Barrere. State Executive Committee : B. R. Cowen, James Williams, George B. Wright, Henry Miller, Rodney Foos, L. J. Critchfield and Isaac Aston. A Soldiers, and Sailors, State Union League was organized at Naughton Hall June 21. Resolutions were passed favoring the equalization of bounties. Hon. William Dennison, who had resigned from the Johnson cabinet, arrived from Washington August 10, and was formally welcomed by a deputation of citizens to the residence of R. E. Neil where, on introduction by L. J. Critchfield, he delivered an extended Anti-Johnson speech. A so called Johnson State Convention, to choose delegates to a National Convention of the same political complexion, to be held at Philadelphia, assembled at Naughton Hall August 7. E. Bassett Langdon presided temporarily, S. A. Strickland permanently. The delegates-at-large appointed were L. D. Campbell, J. B. Steedman and William S. Groesbeck. Among the speakers were J. H. Geiger and John M. Connell. A socalled National Union (Johnson) Club was organized in Columbus August 14; President, John Geary ; Executive Committee, S. Henkle, G. S. Innis, A. W. Dolson, C. W. Carter, John Geary, J. H. Studer and John Van Yorx. A Central Union Club was organized August 24; President, Starling Loving. A National Union (Johnson) Convention was held at Philadelphia August 14; temporary chairman John A. Dix ; permanent, Senator Doolittle. The opening Union meeting of the campaign took place at the Atheneum August 11 ; speakers, Jacob D. Cox and Samuel Shellabarger. A delegation of POLITICAL EVENTS; 1861-1867 - 445 southern loyalists, who had been in attendance upon an Anti-Johnson convention at Philadelphia, was received by the Union Club September 21, and participated, the same evening, in a political meeting at the West Front of the Capitol. An introductory address was delivered on this occasion by L. J. Critchficld. Governor Cox presided. A county convention of late Union soldiers was held at the City Hall September 22 for the purpose of choosing delegates to a National Convention of Anti-Johnson soldiers to be held at Pittsburgh, September 25. Frederick Douglas was formally received by the 'colored people of Columbus September 22. In the evening he addressed a large audience, white and black, at Naughton Hall. His remarks mostly related to the subject, of " negro suffrage," which he declared to be "the question of the hour." A political reception and welcome were given to General B. F. Butler October 4; reception committee, R. Burr, W. T. Reese, W. G. Deshler, C. N. Olds, Peter Ambos, James Patterson, George B. Wright, Royal Taylor, Theodore Comstock, W. H. Day, W. J. Fell, Starling Loving. George T. Metcalfe and T. Lough. The city was liberally decorated and a large parade took place, John G. Mitchell chief marshal. A salve of artillery was fired upon Butler's arrival. From a platform erected on the East Terrace he was introduced by L. J. Critchfield, and addressed a large audience. He was followed by S. Shellabarger and S. Galloway. An additional meeting, accompanied by a torchlight parade, took place in the evening. A Democratic meeting ratifying the action of the Johnson Convention at Philadelphia was held September 10; chairman, John Geary ; speakers, A. G: Thurman, R P. L. Baber, J. H. Geiger, Judge Rankin and others. President Andrew Johnson, accompanied by Secretaries Welles and Seward, Generals Grant, Steedman, Rousseau, McCallum and Custer and Admiral Farragut visited Columbus September 12. The movements of this distinguished party awakened much popular curiosity, and drew an immense crowd which exhibited a great deal of noisy enthusiasm. The escort, including the Columbus Zouaves, the City Council, the Fire Department .and the Fenian Society, was led by General C. C. Walcutt, chief marshal. On the East Terrace, where a platform was erected,- the President was welcomed by Mayor Bull. After the welcome Mr. Johnson delivered an extended argument in support of his political policy. After the meeting the party was banqueted at the Neil House ; no speeches. The ladies of the President's party were Mesdames Farragut, Welles, Custer, Patterson, Greer, Gooding and McGuinness. The party left for Cincinnati on the morning of the thirteenth, escorted to the railway station by the City Council and Hemmersbach's band. 1867. The Democratic State Convention was held in Columbus, January 8; temporary chairman, J. N. Christian ; permanent, G. H. Pendleton. Nominations: Governor, A. G. Thurman ; Lieutenant-Governor, Daniel S. Uhl ; Treasurer, C. Fulton ; Auditor, John McElwee; Attorney-General, Frank H. Hard; Supreme Court Judge, Thomas M. Key; Comptroller, William Sheridan ; Board of Public Works, Arthur Hughes. Among the speakers were W. M. Corry and C. L. Vallandigham. A political " jubilee " was held at the Neil House in the evening, George W. McCook presiding. The Union State Convention' assembled in the Atheneum June 19; a preliminary meeting, S. Loving presiding, was held at the West Front June 18. The chairman of the convention was R. C. Schenck. Nominations: Governor, R. B. Hayes ; Lieutenant-Governor, Samuel Galloway ; Supreme Court Judge, John Welsh ; Auditor, James H. Godman ; Treasurer, S. S. Warner ; Attorney-General, W. H. 446 - HISTORY OF THE CITY OF COLUMBUS. West ; Comptroller, M. R. Brailey ; Board of Public Works, Philip Herzing. State Executive Committee : B. R. Cowen, James Williams, Henry Miller, C. C. Walcutt, J. W. Dwyer, Rodney Foos, James Taylor. Samuel Galloway declining the nomination for Lieutenant Governor, the State Central Committee met at Columbus July 10 to nominate another candidate. The committee organized by electing Thomas L. Young chairman and Alfred E. Lee secretary. General J. D. Cox, Attorney-General West and other prominent Republicans addressed the meeting. General John C. Lee of Tiffin was nominated. The Union Club was reorganized June 14 and held frequent meetings during the canvass ; President, Starling Loving. A Central Democratic Club was also organized and was publicly addressed on various occasions. A proposed amendment striking the word " white " from the suffrage clause of the State Constitution, and disfranchising deserters and " bountyjumpers " was the principal issue of the year in Ohio. A State convention of colored citizens to endorse and support this amendment was held at Naughten Hall July 3, Moses W. Walker temporarily, and John Watson permanently presiding. Various meetings of the local colored element to further the interests of the amendment were also held. A Union mass meeting at the West Front August 27 was addressed by Hon. 0. P. Morton. General P. H. Sheridan transiently visited the city September 19, having just come from his command at New Orleans. Many buildings were decorated in his honor. Schuyler Colfax addressed a large audience at the West Front September 23. A very large Democratic mass meeting was held September 30. It was addressed by S. S. Cox, C. L. Vallandigham, D. W. Voorhes and F. H. Hurd. The chief marshal of the street procession was Frederick Beck. One of the organizations taking part in the parade was that of the White Boys in Blue, organized September 26; Commander, I. H. Marrow. A Grand Guard of White Boys in Blue, with 500 members enrolled, was organized September 27. A Democratic "jollification " over the results of the election took place November 9, accompanied by a parade of the White Boys in Blue. E. F. Bingham presided ; principal speakers, A. G. Thurman and R. P. L. Baber. NOTES. 1. Ohio State Journal report. 2. Then on North High Street, about where the Chittenden Hotel now stands, 3. The name Republican, dropped during the war, had not yet been resumed by the party which had borne it at the outbreak of the Rebellion. CHAPTER XXIX. POLITICAL EVENTS; 1868-1889. 1868. Governor R. B. Hayes was inaugurated January 13. The weather being very cold, although the skies were clear, the ceremonies took place in the rotunda. The Governor elect was escorted from his residence on State Street to the Capitol by the Sherman Guards, holding the right of the column, and the Emmitt Guards holding the left. At the rotunda the proceedings were opened with prayer by Reverend Doctor Trimble, after which the new Governor delivered his inauguaral address and the oath of office was administered to him by Chief Justice Day. The ceremonies being concluded, Governor Hayes received the congratulations of his friends at the Executive Chamber. The election of Allen G. Thurman to the National Senate was finally announced in the General Assembly January 15. W. H. Smith resigned the office of Secretary of State January 14; his successor, by appointment, was John Russell, of Champaign County. On January 20 a Pendleton Club, with Allen G. Thurman as president, was organized. Its purpose was to advance the interests of George H. Pendleton as a candidate for the National Presidency. The election of John Beatty to Congress at a special election in the Eighth District was the occasion for a Republican " jollification " meeting, at which speeches were made by J. W. Keifer, B. F. Potts, S. Galloway and others. A Grant Club — the first in the city — was organized March 7. The Republican State Convention assembled at the Atheneum March 4; temporary chairman, A. G. McBurney; permanent, John C. Lee. The resolutions adopted proposed General U. S. Grant for the Presidency and B. F. Wade for the Vice Presidency, and commended the attempted impeachment of President Andrew Johnson. Nominations : Secretary of State, Isaac R. Sherwood; Supreme Court Judge, William White; Board of Public Works, James Moore; School Commissioner, John A. Norris; Supreme Court Clerk, Rodney Foos; Electors-at-large, David Tod and Samuel Galloway. The Democratic State Convention, H. J. Jewett presiding, made the following nominations: Secretary of State, Thomas Hubbard; Supreme Court Judge, William E. Finch ; Board of Public Works, Arthur Hughes; School Commissioner, J. F. Kirkwood ; Supreme Court Clerk, John M. Webb. State Executive Committee: E. F. Bingham, T. S. Shepherd, W. P. Brown, W. W. Webb, F. Jaeger. The Republican National Convention assembled at Chicago May 21— Carl Schurz temporarily and Joseph R. Hawley permanently presiding —and nominated U. S. Grant for President and Schuyler Colfax for Vice President. The Democratic National Convention —John A. McClernand temporarily and Wil- [447] 448 - HISTORY OF THE CITY OF COLUMBUS. liam B. Franklin permanently presiding — assembled at New York July 4 and nominated Horatio Seymour for President and Francis P. Blair for Vice President. On July 13 a Democratic ratification meeting was held at which speeches were made by A. G. Thurman, E. B. Eshelman and R. P. L. Baber. The White Boys in Blue were reorganized August 15, with Isaac H. Marrow as commander. Many of the Republican campaign clubs took the name of Grant Tanners. At a Republican meeting on the evening of August 9, the Tanners paraded in uniform, carrying torches; speakers, R. W. Thompson, of Indiana, and Samuel Galloway. Additional Republican meetings, accompanied by torchlight parades, were held August 21 and October 9. A Democratic mass meeting, at which the White Boys in Blue paraded, was held at the West Front September 10; speakers, John H. Thomas, G. W. McCook and G. L. Converse. General Thomas Ewing addressed a Democratic meeting at the West Front September 2. General F. P. Blair addressed a large Democratic meeting on the Capitol Square October 4. He was followed by Joseph H. Geiger.. A Democratic meeting, accompanied by torch. light parade, was held at the West Front October 10; speakers, P. Van Trump, E. B. Eshelman, G. W. Manypenny and J. H. Geiger. Horatio Seymour, the Democratic candidate for the Presidency, arrived October 27, and was met and escorted by the White Boys in Blue, the Hickory Sprouts and a reception committee. Mr. Seymour delivered a political address at the West Front, where he was introduced by Judge Thurman. He was accompanied by Governor S. E. Church, Augustus Schell and Francis Kernan. The Jeffersonian Guard, a Democratic club, held its first meeting at Duffy's Hall October 6. 1869. Republican State Convention, Opera House, June 23; temporary chairman, Benjamin Eggleston; permanent, John Sherman. Nominations : Governor, R. B. Hayes; Lieutenant-Governor, John C. Lee; Supreme Court Judge, Luther Day; State Treasurer, S. S. Warner ; Attorney-General, Frank B. Pond ; Board of Public Works, Richard A. Porter. State Executive Committee, R. D. Harrison, Rodney Foos, S. S. Warner, W. R. Thrall, E. T. Hall, William Dennison, J. Q. Howard. Democratic State Convention, Opera House, July 7 ; temporary chairman, J. F. Follett; permanent, P. Van Trump. Nominations: Governor, W. S. Rosecrans; Lieutenant-Governor, T. J. Godfrey ; Supreme Court Judge, William J. Gilmore; Treasurer, Stephen H. Buhrer; Attorney-General, John M. Connell; Board of Public Works, Benjamin F. Churchill. General Rosecrans declined the nomination for Governor ; the Democratic State Central Committee therefore met at Columbus August 11 and nominated George H. itPendleton. A ratification meeting held the evening following this action was addressed by Messrs. Thurman, McKinney, Connell and Callen. A Democratic meeting held at the West Front September 24 was addressed by Thomas A. Hendricks, George L. Converse and W. R. Golden. A Republican " jollification " over the results of the election took place October 13. A free trade meeting at the City Hall November 16 was addressed by Professor A. F. Perry, and was approvingly reported and commented upon by the local Republican press. A State Municipal Code Convention met at the Senate Chamber December 8; numerous cities represented — Columbus by Luther Donaldson, Jacob Reinhard and J. G. Thompson. The Ohio Auditors' Association met at the Senate Chamber December 14. 1870. Governor R. B. Hayes was inaugurated for a second term January 10 ; ceremonies in the rotunda ; escort, Sherman Guards; oath of office administered by Chief POLITICAL EVENTS ; 1868-1889 - 449 The Luther Day. The XVth amendment to the National Constitution was ratified by the General Assembly January 20 ; its ratification as part of the Constitution was announced by Governor Hayes March 31 and on April 13 this event was rated by the colored people of Columbus, who signified their joy by holding, at occasion, a public meeting and parade. The meeting took place at the House, J. P. Underwood presiding. Addresses were delivered by J. Pohl, S. Galloway, J. P. Underwood, Grafton H. Graham, E. E. White and R. B. ;. A State Woman Suffrage Convention was held at the Opera House January 10, Mrs. Tracy Cutler presiding. An evening meeting took place at the e Chamber. One of the principal speakers was Mrs. Lucy Stone. A free meeting at the West Front July 26 was addressed by Professor A. L. Perry, Wiliams College. William B. Thrall presided.  State Temperance Convention was held at Temperance Hall June 1; man, G. T. Stewart. Nominations : Secretary of State, Jay Odell ; Comptor, Thomas Edmundson ; Board of Public Works, Enoch P. Collins ; Supreme Judge, G. T. Stewart. The convention was small. Democratic State Conn', Opera House, June 1; temporary chairman, D. J. Callen ; permanent, Campbell. Nominations : Secretary of State, William Heisley ; Supreme Judge, R. A. Harrison ; Comptroller, John H. Heaton ; Board of Public s, William Spencer. State Executive Committee : John G. Thompson, Jacob ard, J. G. McGuffey, H. C. Helmick and Levi Wilson. Republican State Con•n, Opera House, August 10; temporary chairman, B. F. Potts; permanent, loway. Nominations : Secretary of State, I. R. Sherwood ; Supreme Court , George W. McElvaine ; Comptroller, William T. Wilson ; Board of Public s, Philip Herzing. State Executive Committee : R. D. Harrison, Rodney Foos, e K. Nash, C. C. Walcutt, James Williams, W. B. Thrall. The emancipation of saves in the Southern States was celebrated by the colored people at Goodale September 22. In the evening a festival took place at the Rink. A Republican meeting at the Opera House October 10 was addressed by J. A. Garfield and Shellabarger. A Democratic meeting at the West Front October 8 was addressed F. Hunt and H. J. Jewett. A Republican "jollification" meeting at the Front October 13 was addressed by S. Shellabarger, A. F. Perry, S. Galloway R. Sherwood. The State Board of Equalization, W. S. Groesbeck president, Columbus November 7. An Ohio Woman Suffrage Convention was held Opera House November 16 ; addressed by Lucy Stone, Mrs. W. V. Longley, glary Graham and others. 1871. State convention of colored men, held at the City Hall, January 18, John er presiding, passed resolutions demanding the repeal of all laws making ctions on account of color. The County Auditors' Association held its sitting in Columbus, January 25. A peace jubilee of German citizens, L, in honor of the peace concluded between Germany and France, was signal oy the largest procession seen in the city since the Civil War. Public experience took place at the City Park. Addresses by Henry Olnhausen, Rev. C. Hed R. Wirth, J. H. Heitman, and the Prince de Lynar, of the Emperor Wil staff. Republican State Convention. Opera House, June 21; temporary chairman, Grosvenor ; permanent, William Dennison. Nominations : Governor, E. F. s; Lieutenant-Governor, Jacob Muller; Supreme Court Judge, W. H. West ; 29*