GENERAL INDEX. The Roman numerals denote the volume, the figures the page. A Abbott, N. B.; portrait, II, 520 ; biography, 823. Academies and institutes, see Schools. Advent of the White Man, I, 81-104:  LaSalle’s explorations, 81, 82.  Lewis Hennepin, 81  Voyage of the Griffon, 81, 82.  LaSalle’s descent of the Mississippi, 82.  Ohio Land Company of Virginia, 82, 91.  French trading posts, 82, 83.  Bienville's reconnaissance, 83.  Indian treaty of 1744, 83.  Christopher Gist’s journey, 83, 84, 85.  Shawnee town on the Scioto, 84.  Logstown, treaty of 1752. 85.  Washington’s mission, 85, 86.  Franco-English war, 86.  Pontiac’s revolt, 86.  Bouquet's expedition, 86, 87, 88, 89, 90.  Primitive map of the Ohio country, 90, 91.  English territorial claims, 91.  Lancaster, treaty of 1744, 91.  Fort Stanwix treaty, 1768, 91.  Washington’s journey to the West, 91, 92.  Mingo town on the Ohio, 92.  Connolly’s mischiefmaking, 92, 93.  Indian war fomented, 93.  Massacre of the Mingoes, 93, 94.  Logan’s rage and revenge, 94.  Dunmore's war, 94, 95.  Battle of Point Pleasant, 95.  Camp Charlotte, 95, 96, 97.  Dunmore’s treaty, 96, 97, 98, 99.  Cornstalk’s eloquence, 96. Logan's speech, 96, 97.  Crawford's march against the Mingoes, 97, 98.  Death of Logan, 99.  Murder of Cornstalk, 99.  Renewal of hostilities, 99, 100.  Bowman's march, 100.  Clark’s expedition, 100.  Massacre of the Moravians, 100, 101. Advent of the White Man—Continued.  Crawford’s expedition, 101.  His rout, capture and torture, 101, 102.  Treaties of 1782-3-4-5-6, 102. Agricultural Societies, see Industrial. Agriculture, State Board of , see Industrial Events. Algonquins, the, see Iroquois. Alum Creek, I, 49, 51, 55. Ambos, Peter; portrait, I, 128; biography, 863. Ancient Races in the Scioto Valley, I, 19-43:  Antiquity of man in the Ohio Valley, 19, 21, 22.  Glacial period and boundary in Ohio,, 19, 20, 21.  Succession of prehistoric races, 22, 23.  Race of the moundbuilders, 23.  Their works in the Scioto Valley, 23.  Explorations of Squier and Davis, 24.  Distribution of the ancient earthworks, 23, 24, 25.  Design in the distribution, 25.  Magnitude of the works, 26, 27, 30.  Their different forms, 30, 31, 32.  Purposes of the ancient works, 25, 26, 27, 28, 29, 30, 31, 32.  Human sacrifice suggested, 31, 32.  Difference between the northern and southern works, 28.  Fort Hill, 28.  Fort Ancient, 29.  Classification of the works, 33.  Sacrificial mounds, 33, 34, 35.  Mound City group, 34.  Sepulchral mounds, 35, 36.  Grave Creek mound, 35.  Temple mounds, 36.  Cairns, 36.  Pictured rocks, 36.  Effigy works, 36, 37.  The Licking County group, 36, 37.  The Serpent Mound, Adams County, 37, 38, 39, 40.  Antiquity of the mounds, 40.  Who were the moundbuilders? 40, 41. [857] 858 - HISTORY OF THE CITY OF COLUMBUS. Ancient works in Franklin County, I, 44-61 :  The Scioto basin, 44, 45.  Effacement of its prehistoric works, 45, 51.  Ancient work at Worthington, 46, 47.  Remnants on the Cook farm, 47.  Works near Dublin, 47, 48.  Works on the Big Darby, 48.  Works near Columbus, 48, 49, 55, 59.  Works near Franklinton, 49.  Works near Shadeville, 49.  Pickaway and Delaware County, Works, 49, 50.  A work of uncertain origin, 51.  South High Street mound, 51, 52.  Pope farm mounds, 53.  Shrumm farm mounds, 54.  Mounds on the Legg, Davis, Cook and Vining farms. 54.  Mounds on the Kenney, Coe, Wetmore, White, Samuel, Buttles and Morrison farms, 55.  Works on Rocky Fork, 56.  Table mound n ear Gahanna, 56.  Mounds on the Black Lick, 56.  Works on the O'Harra. Francis, Alkire and Young farms, 57.  Works near Morgan's Station, 57.  Works on the Corry, Borror, Cloud, E. J. Young, Spangler, and Shoaf firms, 58.  O' Harra and Spangler mounds, 59.  Mounds near Canal Winchester, 59, 60.  Fairfield County mounds, 60.  Indian sepulture in the mounds, 61. Andrews, Doctor John ; portrait, I, 400; biography, 888. Armstrong, Jeremiah; I, 97, 139, 145, 149, 260, 284, 369. Artesian well, see Capitol. Aztecs, the ; I, 31, 36. B Baily, Francis ; I, 6, 10, 17. Balloon Ascensions, II, 49-54:  First ascension in Columbus, 49.  The aeronaut's account of it, 49, 50.  Ascensions by John Wise, 50, 51.  Monsieur Godard's ascension, 51.  Grimley's first ascension, 51, 52, 53.  Grimley's second ascension from Columbus, 53. Banks and Banking, I, 396-418 :  Sketch of John J. Janney, 396, 397.  Early Banks in Ohio, 397.  Currency disorders in the twenties, 398, 400, 402.  The United States bank, 398, 400, 403, 404.  Oldtime silver pieces current, 398.  The Suffolk bank system, 399.  Unreliable bank paper, 399.  Bankers' convention of 1838, 399.  Specie resumption in that year, 400.  Small banknote denominations prohibited, 400, 402, 403. Banks and Banking—Continued.  Bankers' convention of 1836, 400, 401.  Currency crisis of 1837, 401.  Ohio Life St Trust Company, 401, 402.  Bankers' convention of 1839, 402.  "Wildcat" banking in 1854, 402.  Antibank legislation, 402, 403, 405.  Benton's " mintdrops "403.  Taxation of the United States Bank in Ohio, 403, 404.  States rights doctrines asserted, 404, 405.  Banking laws of 1816 and 1819, 405.  Franklin Bank of Columbus, 405, 406.  Franklin National Bank, 406.  Franklin Savings Bank, 406.  Clinton Bank of Columbus, 406, 407, 408.  Notable bank forgery, 407, 408.  First national war loan of 1861, 408.  Clinton National Bank, 408.  First bank issue in Ohio, 409.  Miami Exporting Company, 397, 409.  State Bank of Ohio, 409, 410, 411.  Bank suspension of 1862, 410.  Mechanics' Savings Institution, 410, 411.  City Bank, 411, 412.  A cashier's Christmas story, 411, 412.  Independent banks provided for, 412.  Private banks, 413.  Robbery and attempted murder of S. S. Rickly, 413, 414.  Recent Columbus banks, 414, 415, 416.  Extent of recent banking in Columbus, 417. Baptist churches, see Church history. Bench and Bar, I, 582-615 :  The judiciary as a moral and intellectual agent, 582, 583.  Early Ohio Courts, 583.  The territorial courts, 584.  Codifying commissions, 585.  Early Franklin County judiciary, 585, 586.  Courthouse and jail in Franklinton, 585, 586.  Old United States Courthouse, 586.  First jail in Columbus, 586.  Justices of the peace, 587, 588.  The Mayor's court, 589.  The Probate court, 589.  Court of Common Pleas, 589, 590, 591, 592, 593.  The Associate Judges, 589.  Circuit Courts, 589, 590, 596.  First Common Pleas Court in Franklin County, 590, 591  Supreme Court, 593, 594. 595.  Supreme Court commissions, 594.  District Court, 595.  National Courts in Columbus, 596 597, 598.  Notable litigation, 598.  Jane Garrison fugitive slave case, 598,599.  Jerry Finney kidnapping case, 599, 600, 601. GENERAL INDEX - 859 Bench and Bar—Continued.  Case of the slave girl Rosetta, 602, 603.  Erican, Bushnell and Langston casts, 604, 605, 606.  United States Bank tax case, 606.  Virginia Military District land case, 606, 607.  Martha Washington case, 607, 608.  Hinderer landtitle case, 608, 609.  The " geography war," 609. 610.  Corbin saloon case, 610, 611.  A naturalization incident, 611.  A hogstealer's mishap, 611.  An " able argument " 611.  Criminal practice, 611, 612.  Circuit traveling in early times, 612. 613.  A neat to of Thomas Ewing, 613, 614.  Giants of the early bar, 614.  Local influence of the legal profession, 61 , 615. Benton, Thomas H. ; I, 326, 329, 403. Bienville, Celeron de ; I, 83. Big Walnut Creek, I, 49, 51, 55, 56, 58, Biographical, I. 853-917 ; II 820 855.' Black Swamp, I, 238. 241, 243, 246, 249, 318. Bloody Island ; I, 309. Blind, Institution for the ; II 611-616:  Its origin, 611.  Site chosen and architect appointed, 611.  Temporary location and first opening, 612.  First building occupied, 612.  Adult department begun, 612, 613.  The school made free, 613.  Superintendency of Doctor A. D. Lord, 614, 615  G. L. Smead's administration, 615.  Erection of present building provided for, 615.  Instruction and apparatus, 612, 613, 615, 616.  What the institution has accomplished, 616.  Its resident trustees, 616. B'nai Israel, Congregation of ; II, 714, 715. Board of Trade, see Trade. Boke's Creek, I, 138. Boone, Daniel ; I, 5, 9, 85. Bouquet's expedition, I, 75, 86, 88, 89, 90. Born, Conrad, Junior ; portrait. II, 752; biography, 832. Borough of Columbus, I, 260-280 :  The borough incorporated, 260.  First borough election, 260.  First year's finances, 261.  President Monroe's visit, 261, 272.  Financial crisis of 1819, 262.  Starling's title disputed, 263, 264.  Its confirmation celebrated, 263.  Domestic life of the borough period, 263, 264.  Borough housekeeping, 264, 265, 272.  Mrs. Merlon's adventure, 264.  Mrs. Betsy Green Deshler's letters, 265- 271. Borough of Columbus—Continued.  A struggle for a home, 265, 266, 267.  Borough prices, 262, 265-271.  Frontier fruits, 266.  Scioto River " salmon," 266.  Neighborly amenities, 266, 267.  First meetinghouse, 267.  A Statehouse contract, 267, 272.  Currency depreciation, 268.  Labor's hardships, 268, 269.  A lively season, 268.  Henry Clay in town, 268, 272.  His dress and appearance, 268.  Frontier sickness, 268, 269, 270, 271.  An unspeakable winter, 271.  Mrs. Deshler's death, 271. Borough topography, I, 273-277:  Springs and running streams, 273.  Broad Street morass. 273, 274.  Its drainage, 273.  Site of the Kelley mansion, 273.  Springs on East Broad Street, 274.  Spring Street morass, 274.  Doe Run and Lizard Creek, 274, 275.  The Cattail swamp. 274.  Crookedwood pond, 275.  Fourth and Main Street brooks, 275.  Dick's pond, 275.  The borough in 1817, 277.  The borough in 1820, 276.  A pawpaw thicket, 277.  Treestumps in High Street, 277.  High Street in 1830, 277.  Long Street in 1834, 277.  Eastward from High Street in 1834, 277, 278.  The circus lot, 277.  Nigger Hollow, 277, 278.  Peters Run, 275, 278.  Stewart Grove, 278.  Jonesburg, 278.  Earlier German immigrants, 279.  Earlier Welsh immigrants, 279.  Borough census, 1829, 279.  Borough census, 1830, 279  Transfer of the county seat from Franklinton, 279. Brackenridge, H. M.; I, 7. Bradbury, John; I, 12, 15, 18. Breslin treasury defalcation, II, 67-70. Brickell, John ; I, 17, 97, 139, 140-145, 155, 210, 211, 216, 505. Bridges. I. 218, 235, 302, 303, 304, 310 ; II, 222, 223. Bright, George W.; portrait, II, 720; biography, 831. Bruck, Philip H ; portrait, II, 480 ; biography, 820. Buildings, the First Public ; I, 251-259:  State Director's authority, 251, 258.  His first report, 252, 254.  Plan of the first Statehouse, 251.  Plan of the, first Penitentiary, 251, 252.  Capitol Square staked out, 252.  Penitentiary located, 252. 860 - HISTORY OF THE CITY OF COLUMBUS. Buildings, the First Public—Continued.  New State Director appointed, 254.  Erection of the First Statehouse, 255, 258.  Its inscriptions, 255.  Its first carpets laid, 255.  A historic teaparty, 256.  Executive office building erected, 256.  First United States Courthouse, 256, 259.  Original County office building, 256, 257.  Primitive condition of the early capital, 257, 259.  State archives transferred from Chillicothe, 257.  First sitting of the General Assembly in Columbus, 257.  Settlement of the State with the proprietors, 257. Business, Beginnings of ; I, 368-379 :  Frontier trade in Franklinton, 368.  Business and economic effect of the War of 1812, 368.  Subsequent reaction, 369.  Whisky as a medium of exchange, 368, 369.  Early business establishments, 369.  General stores in Columbus, 369, 370.  Absconding apprentices. 370.  Trade in the twenties, 370. 371.  "The cavalry" on High Street, 371.  Trading Indians, 371.  Signboard orthography, 372.  Effect of the canal on business, 372. 373.  Trade in the thirties, 373, 374, 375, 376, 377, 378.  First trade directory, 379. Business Evolution, I, 380-395 :  Its relations to public finance, 380.  Early banking. 380.  Currency inflation and collapse, 380.  "Shinplaster" currency of 1841, 381, 382, 383, 381, 385, 400.  Lotteries and gambling, 386.  Canal debt of Ohio, 386.  Its proposed repudiation, 386.  How prevented, 386.  State Bank of Ohio incorporated, 386.  Ohio Life & Trust Company's failure, 386, 404, 410.  Prices current in Columbus, 387, 388, 389, 390.  Business in the forties, 390. 391, 392, 393.  Later drygoods trade, 394, 395. Buttles, Joel ; I, portrait, I, 56 ; biography, 857. C California Exodus, II, 30-37:  Gold discovery at Sutter's Mill, 30.  Excitement caused by it, 30.  Migration to the gold regions, 30, 31, 33, 34.  Organization of gold seekers in Columbus, 31, 32. California Exodus—Continued.  Franklin Mining Company, 31, 32, 33.  California Industrial Association, 33.  Departure of gold seekers, 33.  Franklin Company's misfortune, 34.  The Industrial Association dissolved, 35.  Gold seeking tide in 1850, 35.  Personal mention of Columbus gold seekers, 35, 36, 37. Camp Charlotte, I, 95, 96. 97. Camp Chase, see War for the Union. Canal, see Ohio Canal. Canal Winchester, I, 59, 60. Capitol, the ; II, 565-577:  Act to provide for the erection of, 565.  Premiums for plans of, 565, 566.  Capitol commissioners, 566, 567.  Cornerstone of the new Capitol laid, 566, 567, 568.  Building operations suspended, 568.  Construction resumed, 568.  Slowness of the work, 568, 569.  Supervising architects appointed, 569.  Changes of plan, 569, 572.  Old Statehouse burned, 570, 571.  Reorganization of the Capitol Commission, 571, 573, 574.  Progress of the work, 571.  Change of architects, 571.  Contracts awarded, 572.  Heating and ventilation, 572, 573, 577.  Arrangements for light, 573,  The quarry railway, 570, 573, 577.  The building inspected by a special board of architects, 574.  Report and recommendations of the inspectors, 574.  Opening of the new Capitol, 574, 575.  Demolition of the old public office building, 575.  The Artesian well, 575.  Plans for the cupola, 576.  Cause of "Statehouse malaria" discovered, 576.  The Capitol of the future, 577. Caron, Joseph le ; I, 68. Carpenter's Settlement, I, 192, 195. Carpenter, William B ; portrait, I, 720 ; biography, 909. Cartier, Jacques ; I, 67. Catholic churches ; see Church History. Cat Nation, I, 3. Cemeteries, II, 721-727. Centennial Exposition, see Industrial. Central Asylum for the Insane, see Insane. Central Christian Church, II, 710, 711. Central College, I, 55. Champlain, Samuel de ; I, 68, 71. Charities, II, 728-746. Children's Hospital, II, 745. Chillicothe, old ; I, 75, 100, 104, 112, 114. Cholera, see Hygiene. Churches of Columbus, 1892 ; II, 719, 720. GENERAL INDEX. - 861 Church History ; Baptist, II, 675.692:  Baptist churches in Columbus enumerated, 675.  First Baptist society, 675, 676.  First baptist Church, 677, 678, 679, 680, 682 686.  Welsh Baptist church organized, 678.  New church building erected, 679, 680.  Separation of white and colored Baptists, 680.  Central I Baptist Church, 681, 682.  Predestinarian society, 683.  Russell Street Baptist Church, 681, 681, 687, 688.  Hildreth Baptist Church, 684, 685.  Memorial Baptist Church, 685, 686, 687, 689.  Colored Baptist churches, 680, 688, 689, 690, 691, 692.  Church History ; Catholic, II, 631-674:  Early Catholic missions, 633, 634.  First Bishop of Cincinnati, 635.  The Columbus mission, 635.  First Catholic congregation in Columbus, 636, 637, 638.  St. Remigius's Church, 638, 639.  First resident priest, 639.  First Catholic school, 639.  Holy Cross Church, 639, 640, 641, 642.  St. Patrick's Church, 643, 644, 645.  Diocese of Columbus, 645, 646, 647.  St. Mary's Church, 647, 648.  St. Joseph's Cathedral, 648, 649, 650, 651, 652, 653.  Bishop Sylvester H. Rosecrans, 653, 654, 655, 656.  Bishop John Ambrose Watterson, 656, 657, 658, 659, 660.  Sacred Heart Church, 660, 661.  Holy Family Church, 661, 662, 663, 664.  St. Vincent de Paul's Church, 664, 665, 666.  Church of St. Francis of Assissi, 666, 667.  St. Francis Hospital, 667, 668, 669.  Mt. Camel Hospital, 669, 670.  St. Anthony's Hospital, 670, 671.  St. Vincent's Orphan. Asylum, 671.  St. Mary's of the Springs, 672, 673.  Catholic cemeteries, 673, 674. Church History ; Congregational, I, 830-852:  Talbot, Rev. Benjamin, 830.  First Congregational church in Ohio, 830.  Other early Congregational societies, 830, 831.  First Congregational society in Columbus, 831.  Congregational Club of Central Ohio, 832.  First Congregational Church of Columbus, 833-840.  Plymouth Church, 840-843.  Third Congregational Church, 843, 844.  North Columbus Church, 844, 845.  Eastwood Church, 816, 847, 848. Church History—Continued.  Mayflower Church, 848-850.  Welsh Congregational Church, 850, 851.  South Congregational Church, 851, 852.  St. Clair Avenue Chapel, 852. Church History ; Lutheran, II, 693-704:  First Lutheran services in Columbus, 693.  First Lutheran church building, 693, 694.  First Lutheran society, 694, 695, 696, 697.  St. Paul's Lutheran Church, 693-696, 697.  Trinity German Evangelical Lutheran Congregation, 696, 697, 698, 699.  Grace Lutheran Church, 699, 700.  St. Mark's English Lutheran Church, 700.  Christ Lutheran Church, 700.  St. Peter's Evangelical Lutheran Mission, 700.  Capital University, 701-704:   Its origin, 701.   Temporary location at Canton, 701.   Removal to Columbus, 701.   Original site in that city, 701.   Faculty and course of instruction, 701, 702, 703, 704.   Town Street location, 703.   Site donated by Doctor Lincoln Goodale, 703.   Removal to present site, 703. Church History ; Methodist, I, 784-829 :  Sketch of Rev. J. C. Jackson, 784.  Early Methodism in Columbus, 784, 785, 786, 787, 788.  Its origin, 784.  First Methodist society, 784, 785.  Its earlier pastors, 787, 788, 789.  Pastors during the thirties and forties, 789, 790, 791, 792, 793.  Pastors from 1850 to 1890, 796, 794, 795.  Wesley Chapel, 795-801.  Its destruction by fire, 799.  The new Wesley Chapel, 800.  Third Street Church, 801-807.  Gift Street Church, 808.  Heath Chapel, 808-812.  Neil Chapel, 813, 814.  Broad Street Church, 814-817.  King Avenue Church, 817-819.  Third Avenue Church, 801, 819-823.  Shoemaker Chapel, 823.  North Columbus Church, 824.  Christie Chapel, 825.  Mt. Avenue Church, 826, 827.  Donaldson Church, 829. Church History ; Presbyterian, I, 757-852 :  Sketch of Rev. W. E. Moore, 757.  Presbyterian pioneers of Central Ohio, 758.  Presbyterianism defined, 758, 759.  First presbytery in the United States, 759.  General Synod of 1788, 759. 862 - HISTORY OF THE CITY OF COLUMBUS. Church History—Continued.  Early churches in Ohio, 760.  Franklinton Church in 1811, 760.  Arrival of Rev. James Hoge, 760, 761.  First Presbyterian society, 761.  Its call to Rev. James Hoge, 762.  First Presbyterian society in Columbus, 762, 763.  Original First Presbyterian Church in Columbus, 764, 765, 766.  Trinity in Unity, 766.  Fiftieth anniversary of the First Church, 767.  Rev. James Hoge and the public charities, 768.  Doctor Hoge's retirement, 769.  Second Presbyterian Church. 770-778.  Westminster Church, 778, 779.  Hoge Church, 779, 780.  Fifth Avenue Church, 780, 781.  Welsh Church, 781.  United Presbyterian Church, 781, 782.  Broad Street Presbyterian Church, 782. City of Columbus, First Years of; II, 3-14:  Transition from the borough, 3.  Its business and professional personnel in 1834, 4, 5.  The capital in 1836, 5.  How it appeared in 1839, 5, 6.  Michigan boundary dispute of 1835-6, 6, 7, 8.  New Statehouse act of 1838, 8.  The capital removal episode, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14.  The William B. Lloyd incident, 9, 10.  Legislative retaliation, 9, 10.  Adoption of the Spalding resolution. 10.  The Statehouse act repealed, 11.  Proposals for relocation of the capital invited, 11.  History of the original location reviewed, 11, 12.  Effect of the location on local taxation, 12.  Financial stress as a hindrance to Statehouse construction, 12.  Licking County's bid for the seat of government, 13.  Committee report thereon, 13.  End of the capital removal schemes, 14. City, Evolution of the ; I, 199 :  The Forest Settlement, 201-235.  Original seat of State government, 201, 204.  Statehouse at Chillicothe, 201, 219.  Commission to permanently locate the capital, 201, 235.  Objections to Franklinton, 204.  Columbus proprietors' proposals, 204, 205  Original owners of the Columbus plateau, 204.  Act permanently locating the seat of government, 208, 219-234. City, Evolution of the—Continued.  The capital named Columbus, 208, 234, 235.  Original plat of the city, 202, 203.  Survey of the plat, 210, 212.  Partnership of the original proprietors, 210.  First sale of the original lots, 212, 213.  Original purchasers, 213, 214.  Site of the new capital described, 212, 213, 272.  First dwellings erected, 214.  Early inns, shops and trading places, 214, 215, 216.  Christian Heyl's experiences, 215.  First postoffice, mill and markethouse, 216, 217.  First newspaper, 217.  First physicians and lawyers, 217.  First religious societies and churches, 217, 218.  First birth and first marriage, 218.  First census of the settlement, 219.  Early streets and thoroughfares, 219.  Worthington petition, 219, 220, 222, 223. City Council, see Municipality. City government, see Municipality. City Poor Fund, II, 745. Civil War, see War for the Union. Clarke, Rev. Dennis A. ; portrait, II, 640, biography, 827. Clay, Henry ; I, 263, 268, 272, 322, 323 ; II, 61, 62, 379. Climate, I, 685, 695- 715 :  Meteorology of Central Ohio, 695, 696, 697, 698, 713, 714, 715.  Earthquakes, 696, 701, 709, 715.  A summerless year, 696, 697.  Notable storms, 696, 697, 706, 707, 709.  Meteoric storm of 1833, 698, 699, 700.  Aurora borealis, 700, 702, 703, 704, 706, 707, 708, 709, 710.  Extreme cold, 697, 698, 701, 703, 704, 705, 708.  Comet of 1843, 702.  Great frost of 1859, 705.  Comet of 1860, 706.  Occultation of Venus, 706.  Comet of 1861, 706.  Lunar rainbow, 707.  Seventeen year locusts. 708.  Weather observations, 695, 696, 697, 698, 702, 709, 711, 712, 713, 714, 715. Clayton, John ; I, 18. Clinton, Governor DeWitt ; I, 72, 332, 333, 334. Coffeehouses and Taverns, I, 281.290:  Early innkeeping, 281.  Pioneer tavern in Columbus, 281.  Russell's Globe Inn, 281, 285.  The Columbus Inn, 281, 282.  White Horse Tavern, 282.  Swan Tavern, 282, 283, 284.  Red Lion Hotel, 284, GENERAL INDEX - 863 Coffeehouses and Taverns—Continued. The Ohio Tavern, 284.  The Black Bear Inn, 285.  The Golden Lamb, 284.  The Golden Plough, 284.  Gales Tavern, 285.  Union Tavern, 286.  Meneely’s wagonyard, 285.  Culbertson Tavern, 285.  John Young’s Eagle Coffeehouse, 285, 286, 287.  Tontine Coffeehouse, 287.  Temperance Tavern, 287.  National Hotel. 287, 288.  The Neil House, 288.  The American House, 288.  The Buckeye House, 288, 289.  United States Hotel, 289.  " Old Rosin the Bow," 289, 290. Colden, Cadwallader ; I. 80. Commercial Travelers, Order of; II, 772, 773. Congregational Churches, see Church History. Congress lands, I, 616. Conventions, see Political Events. Cornplanter, the Indian chief; I, 102. Cornstalk, the Indian chief ; I, 75, 93, 95, 96, 99, 104. Courts, see Bench and Bar. Courthouse, see Borough, Bench and Bar, Events, and Municipality. Countyseat, see Franklinton, Borough, City, Bench and Bar. Cox, Samuel Sullivan ; portrait, I, 448 ; biography, 893. See also Press. Crawford, Colonel William ; I, 95, 98, 101, 102. Critchfield, Leander J. ; portrait, I, 584 ; biography, 902. Croghan, Major George ; I, 18, 84, 86, 91, 92. Cumberland, Fort ; I, 325. Cutler, Manasseh ; I, 14, 107, 109, 112, 184. D Darby, the Big ; I, 9, 11, 17, 48, 57, 98, 99, 151. Dawes, E. C. ; I, 120. Deaf and Dumb, Institution for the ; II, 599610 :  Sketch of Professor Robert Patterson, 599, 600.  Origin of the institution, 601, 602.  Memorial of Rev. James Hoge, 602.  Act to establish the institution passed, 603.  The school at Tallmadge, 603.  Scope of the Columbus institution, 604.  Its first location and opening, 604.  Removal to Front Street, 606.  Erection of a building provided for, 606.  Its cornerstone laid, 606.  Its completion and opening, 606, 607.  The institution made free, 607.  Its system of instruction, 607. 608. Deaf and Dumb—Continued.  Daily routine, 608.  Superintendents and their services. 609, 610.  Beneficent work of the institution, 610. Delaware Indians, I, 40, 70, 73, 74, 79, 84, 92, 99, •01, 102, 114. Deshler, Mrs. Betsy Green ; I, 265-271, 369. Disciples of Christ, II, 710, 711. Doe Run, I, 274. Douglas, Frederick, I, 354. Douglas, Stephen A.; II, 426, 438, 439. Dunmore's War, I, 94, 95, 96, 97, 98, 99. Dutch Prairie, I, 171. E Earthquakes, see Climate. Egan, Patrick A. ; portrait, I, 736 ; biography, 909. Electric light ; see Street Lighting. Ellinipsico, the Indian chief ; 1, 95, 99. Emminger, Allen F. ; portrait, II, 760 ; biography, 840. Eries, the ; I, 6, 7, 69, 79. Esquimaux, the ; 1, 63. Ettwein, Rev. John ; I, 92. Evans, Maurice ; portrait, II, 570 ; biography, 825. Events Current in the Forties and Fifties, II, 55-71:  Prosperity and growth of the city, 55-60.  Its increase in population, 55, 56.  New additions laid out, 56.  Town Street in 1852. 56, 57.  Rich Street in 1852, 57, 58.  Improvements during the fifties, 58, 59,60.  Cuban independence meeting, 60. Thomas Francis Meagher meeting, 60, 61.  Henry Clay obsequies, 61. 62.  Know Nothing riots of 1855, 62-65.  First attack on the Turnverein, 62. The  Männerchor threatened, 63.  Riot of July 4, 1855, 63, 64.  Henry Foster killed, 65.  Arrest of the Turners, 65.  Their trial and discharge, 65, 71.  The Kane obsequies, 65, 66, 67.  Breslin-Gibson treasury defalcation,67-70.  Indignation meeting in Columbus, 68.  Particulars of the embezzlement, 68, 69.  Treasurer Gibson’s resignation, 69.  His indictment and trial, 69, 70. Events Current since 1865 ; II, 221-232 :  City improvements during the Civil War, 221, 222.  Death of Governor Brough, 221.  Visitors entertained by the Municipality, 222.  North End Markethouse, 222.  City Hall built, 222.  New bridges thrown, 222, 223.  " Old landmarks" removed, 221, 223. 864 - HISTORY OF THE CITY OF COLUMBUS. Events Current since 1865—Continued.  Reception of Ex-President Grant, 223,224, 225, 226, 227, 228  New Courthouse erected, 228, 229, 230, 231.  Schiller monument, 231, 232.  The city's growth in population, .232. F Feebleminded, Institution for the; 11,617-620 :  Suggested by Doctor William M. Aw1.617.  Recommended by Governor Medill, 617, 619, 620.  Senator Townshend's resolution and committee, 617.  First opening of the institution, 618. Its original location, 618.  Purchase of present site and erection of buildings thereon, 618.  Central building destroyed by fire, 618. Its reconstruction, 618.  The institution's plans of instruction, 619.  Its chief present need, 619. Felber, Jacob; portrait, II, 344; biography,836. Female Benevolent Society, II, 731-737. Fieser, Frederick ; portrait, I, 432 ; biography, 893. Financial disturbances, I, 262, 268, 269.  See also Banks and Banking and Business. Finley, Rev. J. B.; 1, 76. Finney kidnapping case ; see Bench and Bar. Floods ; see Scioto River and Climate. Fire Protection, II, 544-555 :  The borough fire companies and apparatus, 544, 545.  Fire service bounties, 545, 560.  Fire ordinance of 1835, 546.  Earlier organizations of firemen, 546.  Hand fireengines, 547, 548, 549, 550, 551.  The Franklin Engine Company, 547, 548.  Contemporary firemen's organizations, 548, 549.  Dispute between the fire companies and the council, 549.  The companies disband, 549.  First steam fireengine in Columbus, 549, 550.  Dissensions in the Fire Department, 549, 550.  First Silsby steamer, 551.  Office of chief engineer created, 551.  Firealarm signals, 544, 549, 552.  Important fires, 544, 545, 546, 547, 548, 549, 550, 551, 552, 553, 554.  Reliance on the Holly forcepumps, 553.  Return to the steamers, 555.  Contention over the firechieftainship,554. Fort Ancient, I, 29. Fort Hill, I, 28. Franklin County, 111, 135, 137, 152, 153, 162, 163, 174-183, 279. Franklin County Civil List, I, 174-183. Franklin County Agricultural Society, see Industrial Events. Franklinton, 173: settlement and town of ; I, 135-  Lucas Sullivant's surveying party, 135.  Sullivant's history, 135.  His assignment as surveyor, 135,  His surveys on Deer Creek, 136.  Indians attack and disperse his party, 136, 137.  His subsequent explorations in Franklin County territory, 137.  Adventure with a panther, 137.  A camp cook's expedient, 137.  An unbidden bedfellow, 137.  Adventure on the Whetstone, 137, 138.  How Boke's Creek was named, 138.  Snakeden at Marble Carr, 138, 139.  Sullivant's land acquisitions, 139.  Franklinton settlement founded, 139.  Its pioneer inhabitants, 139, 140.  Original plat of Franklinton, 140.  John Brickell's career, 140.  His captivity with the Indians, 141-145.  Adventures of Jeremiah Armstrong, 145-149.  First store in Franklinton, 149.  Primitive mealmaking, 149.  First Franklinton ferry, 150.  Lucas Sullivant's permanent settlement, 150  Lyne Starling's arrival, 150.  Other arrivals of pioneer settlers, 150, 151.  Franklin County set off and organized, 152.  Its seat of government located at Franklinton, 152, 153.  Its first courts, 153, 162.  First county jail, 157, 163.  Personal mention of Franklinton pioneers, 158, 159, 160.  Major Nathan Goodale's captivity and fate, 160, 161.  History of Franklin Township, 162, 163.  Anecdote of Lyne Starling, 163.  Pioneer life in Central Ohio, 164.  Hardships of early settlers, 164.  Pioneer housekeeping, 166.  Greiner's Song of the Pioneers, 168, 169.  Gallagher's poetry of pioneer life, 169, 170.  Indian trade at Franklinton, 170.  Adventure with a bear, 171.  A pioneer courtship, 171, 172.  First religious society in Franklinton, 172, 173.  Lyne Starling's land purchases on the Columbus plateau, 173.  His Mississippi trading ventures, 173. Freeman, George D.; portrait, Il, 192 ; biography, 812. Friends, church of the ; II, 711. Frisbie, Charles H.; portrait, I, 368 ; biography, 885. Fuel gas, II, 559, 560. GENERAL INDEX - 865 G. Gahanna, I, 56, 151. Gallagher, William D.; I, 8, 169, 449, 488. Galloway, Samuel ; portrait. I, 32 ; biography, 856. Game of the Central Ohio woods, particularly around Columbus, 291-300:  Wyandot and Mohawk hunters in the Scioto Valley, 291.  Game known to the early settlers, 29, 292.  Buffaloes and elks, 11, 292.  Panthers and wildcats, 11, 292, 293.  Bears, wolves and wild deer, 10, 11, 293, 294  Squirrels and their migrations, 12, 18,2p, 296.  Grand squirrel hunt, 295, 296.  Quails and wild ducks and geese, 14, 296.  Martins, 296, 297.  Wild pigeons, 12, 13, 14, 297, 298.  Buzzards and eagles, 15, 16.  Song birds, 16.  Serpents, 299, 300.  Fish, 298, 299. Garrison fugitive slave case, see Bench and Bar. Gas, see Street Lighting. Geological Survey, I, 13, 28, 29, 39, 41, 42, 300. Geology and Geography, I, 663-694:  The Ohio geological scale, 664.  Geological situation of Columbus, 665.  Helderburg limestone, 665.   Its divisions, 665.   Its utility, 665, 666,   Its history, 666, 667.   Its fossils, 667, 668, 669, 670.  Ohio black shale, 671.   Its fossils, 671, 672, 673.   Its concretions, 673, 674.   Its petroleum and gas springs, 675, 676.   Its waterbearing qualities, 676.   Soils derived from it, 676.   Its geological history, 676.  Surface deposits :   Drift beds, 678.   Boulder clay, 678.   Sand and gravel, 678..  Alluvial and glacial action, 679, 680, 681.  Explanations of the drift, 681, 682, 683.  Geographical situation of Columbus, 683.  Its topography, 683, 684, 685.  Climate, 685.  Temperature, 686.  Rainfall, 686  Sanitary conditions, 686.  Sewerage, 684, 687, 690, 691, 692, 693, 694.  Water supply, 687, 688, 689, 690.  Analysis of water, 690. German immigrants, see Borough. Girtys, the; I, 102, 103, 104, 141. 55* Gist, Christopher ; I. 18, 73, 75, 79, 80, 83, 84, 85, 86. Glacial period and boundary, I, 19, 20, 21. Gnadenhütten, I, 20, 92, 100, 101, 102. Goldschmidt, Rev. John C. ; portrait, II, 656, biography, 829. Goodale, Major Nathan ; 1, 160, 161, 192, 217. Goodale store in Franklinton, I, 165. Graham, A.A. ; I, 195, 235. Grand Army of the Republic, see Military and National Encampment. Grant, General U. S. ; reception of ; II, 22.3228. Granville, I, 13. Graveyard in Franklinton, I, 163. Graveyard, Old. North ; I, 210. Gray, D. S. ; portrait, II, 240 ; biography, 814. Greene, Milbury M. ; portrait, I, 240; biography, 870. Grenadier Squaw, I, 75. Greenville, Treaty of ; I, 116, 170. Griffon, voyage of the ; I, 81, 82. Groveport, I, 60. Grubs, William H.; portrait, II, 784 ; biography, 838. Grün, Dietrich; portrait, II, 288; biography, 816. H Hamlin, Keziah ; I, 218. Harris, Thaddeus Mason ; I, 7. 15, 17. Harrison, Richard A.; portrait, I, 600 ; biography, 903. Harrison, W. H. ; I, 2, 17, 40, 51, 70, 72, 76, 77, 78, 79, 80, 236-250. Harrison Elm, treaty at the ; I, 244, 245, 250. Hebrew Tabernacle, II, 714, 715. Heckewelder, John ; I, 41, 76, 92, 99, 114, 115. Heddaus, Rev. Christian ; portrait, II, 701; biography, 830. Hendrickson, 0. P. ; portrait, II, 592 ; biography, 826. Hennepin, Louis ; I, 4, 81. Hildreth, Abel ; portrait, I, 376 ; biography, 885. Hillery, Luther ; portrait, I, 816 ; biography, 872. Hinman, Edward L. ; portrait, I, 256 ; biography, 872. Home for the Aged, II, 743. Horticultural Society, see Industrial. Hoster, Louis ; portrait, I, 752 ; biography, Hubbard, William B.; portrait, I, 416 ; biography, 890. Hughes, John R.; portrait, I, 264; biography, 873. Humane Society, II, 744, 745. Hutchins, Thomas ; I, 107, 108. 866 - HISTORY OF THE CITY OF COLUMBUS Hygiene, I, 716-729:  Bilious disorders in the frontier settlements, 716, 717, 718.  Milk sickness, 716, 717.  Jewett & Smith's dam as a cause of sickness at Columbus, 717, 718.  Chills and fever. 718.  Cholera, 719, 720, 721, 722, 723, 724, 725, 726, 727.  Foulness of streets and alleys, 719, 721, 722, 725, 726.  Epizootic, 726, 727.  Diphtheria, 726.  Smallpox, 727.  Yellow fever, 728.  Scarlet fever, 728.  Pinkeye, 728.  Trichina spiralis, 728.  State Sanitary Association, 728.  State Board of Health, 728. I. Idiot Asylum, see Feebleminded. Independent Protestant German Church, II, 709, 710. Indians, the ; see Iroquois. Industrial Events, II, 341-365.  Mechanics' Beneficial Society, 341-342.  Russell's Planetarium, 341.  Columbus Typographical Society, 342.  Absconding apprentices, 342.  Convict labor competition, 342, 343, 348, 351.  Ohio State Agricultural Society, 343, 334, 345, 346, 350, 351.  First Ohio agricultural paper, 344.  First State Fair, 346.  Columbus Horticultural Society, 346, 347.  Labor strikes, 348, 350, 353, 354, 355, 357, 358, 359.  First State Fair at Columbus, 348,  Franklin County Agricultural Society, 328, 349, 350, 351, 352; 353, 354, 356, 357.  Miscellaneous industrial societies, 351-359.  Agricultural schools proposed, 344, 345, 350.  Ohio Centennial Exposition, 359-365. Inns, see Coffeehouses. Insane, Central Asylum for the ; II, 591-598:  Disposal of the insane prior to the asylums, 591.  Their condition in jails and poorhouses, 591.  Doctor Awl's sympathies for them awakened, 591.  Origin of the Central Asylum, 592.  Its original site and plan of construction, 592, 593.  Its completion and first occupation, 593.  Its management under Doctor Awl, 594.  Its destruction by fire, 594, 595, 596. Insane, Central Asylum for—Continued.  Reconstruction on the old site begun, 596.  Removal to a new site urged and accomplished, 596 597.  Sale of the old site, 596.  Cornerstone of the new building laid, 597.  The chronic insane provided for, 597.  Partisanship in the care of the insane, 597, 598. Iroquois and Algonquins, I, 62-80:  Aboriginal Americans, 62, 63.  Their languages, 62.  The Indian races     1. Algonquins, 63.     2. Iroquois, 63.     3. Florida Indians, 63.  Physical characteristics, 63.  Tribal government, 64, 65, 66.  Ohio Indians, 66.  The Iroquois League, 67.  The Andastes, 68.  The Wendats, 68.  The Huron confederation, 68.  Huron cosmogony, 68.  The Ottawas, 69, 74.  Neutral Nation, 69.  The Eries, 69.  The Miamis, 69, 70, 73.  The Delawares, 70, 73.  The Shawnees, 70, 74.  The Iroquois conquest, 71, 72.  Iroquois cosmogony, 72.  Mengwe and Mingoes, 73.  Indian migrations, 73.  The Wyandots, 75, 78.  Execution of Leatherlips, 76, 77, 78. Israel, Congregation of B'nai ; II, 714, 715. J. Jaeger, Christian ; portrait, 1, 224.; biography, 869. Jaeger, Frederick ; portrait, II, 496 ; biography, 821. Jails, see Franklinton, Bench and Bar, and Municipality. Janney, John J.; biography of, I, 396 ; portrait, II, 256. Jessing, Rev. Joseph ; portrait, II, 648 ; biography, 828. Jesuits, the ; I, 3-72. Johnson, Orange ; portrait, I, 312 ; biography, 912. Joliet, Louis ; I, 4. Jones, J. K.; portrait, II, 80 ; biography, 807. Jones, Richard ; portrait, I, 304 ; biography, 876. Jonesburg, 1, 278. K Kane obsequies, II, 65, 66, 67. Kenton, Simon ; I, 96, 97, 104. GENERAL INDEX - 867   Kilbourn, James, Senior ; portrait, I, 184; biography, 866. Kilbourn, James, Junior ; portrait, II, 128; biography, 310. Kilbourn, Lincoln ; portrait, I, 336 ; biography, 878. Knight, H. W.; portrait, 11,528; biography,824. Know Nothing movement, II, 420, 430-434. Know Nothing riots, II, 62-65. Kossuth's Reception and Visit, II, 38-48:  The Hungarian revolution, 38.  Kossuth's arrival in the United States,38.  His reception and speeches, 38, 39.  His personal appearance, 39.  His westward journey, 39.  His reception in Columbus, 39, 49.  Welcoming mass meeting on High Street, 41, 42, 43.  His reception by the General Assembly, 43, 44.  Franklin County Hungarian Association, 43.  Ohio Association of Friends of Hungary, 45, 46.  Kossuth's concluding -addresses in Columbus, 45, 46.  A juvenile tribute, 47.  The City Council denounced, 47.  Kossuth's departure, 47, 48.  Columbus contributions to the Hungarian fund, 48. L Labor, see Industrial. Lands and Land Titles, I, 616-662 :  Classification of Columbus lands, 616.  The Indian and French titles, 617, 618, 620.  The English title, 619, 621, 622, 623.  Claims of the colonies, 624, 625, 626, 627, 628.  Indian titles extinguished, 629, 630.  Greenville treaty, 630, 631.  Virginia Military lands, 616, 628, 632, 637, 638.  Refugee lands, 616, 632, 634, 635, 638.  United States Military lands, 616, 632,633, 634, 635.  Congress lands, 616, 632, 638, 639, 640.  Disputed titles, 608, 609. 640, 641-647.  Conveyances by will, 647.  Rates of taxation, 647, 648, 661.  Records of land titles, 648, 649, 652, 653, 654, 655, 656.  Burning of the Franklin County records, 649-652.  Prices and growth in value of Columbus real estate, 656, 657, 658 659.  Deeds and mortgages. 661.  Cost of street improvements, 662. La Salle, Cavelier de la ; I, 3, 72, 81, 82. Leatherlips, see Iroquois and Algonquins. Lee, Alfred E.; portrait, I, 504 ; biography , 480, 481, 900. Le Moine, Simon ; I, 71. Lenni Lenape, I, 40, 41, 67, 70. Leonard, Theodore ; portrait, I, 296; biography, 876. Licking Summit, I, 18. Liederkranz, The ; II, 769, 770, 771. Light, see Street Lighting. Lilley, M. C.; portrait, II, 16; biography, 803. Lindeman, Louis ; portrait, 1, 384; biography, 887. Little Turtle, I, 115, 116. Lincoln, Abraham ; I, 97; II, 148-155, 426, 442, 436, 437, 438. Lizard Creek, I, 274. Lower, Valentine ; portrait, II, 272 ; biography, 816. Logan, the Indian chief ; I, 75, 93, 94, 96, 97, 99. Logstown, I, 84, 85, 86, 91. Lutheran churches, see Church History. M Mannerchor, The ; II, 768, 769. Masonic Bodies, II, 747-764, 775, 776. Matzel, George H. ; portrait, II, 224 ; biography, 814. Mail and Stagecoach, I, 341-356:  Colonial mail service, 341.  Early postal service in Franklin County, 341, 342.  Franklinton postoffice, 341, 342.  First Columbus postoffice, 342, 343.  Early mail routes in Ohio, 343, 344, 345.  Express post, 344.  Philip Zinn's mail service, 344, 345.  Columbus and Sandusky route, 345.  William Neil's mail and stagecoach enterprises, 345, 346, 347.  Extension of mail routes, 346, 347. Improvements in speed, 347.  Stagedriving and drivers, 348.  Stage adventure, 348, 349.  Neil Moore & Company's lines, 350, 353.  Express mail, 350.  Columbus and Cleveland line, 351.  " Unparalleled speed," 351.  Credits for postage, 352.  Coin payment required, 352.  National Road Stage Company, 352.  People's Line, 353.  Stage accidents, 353, 354.  Frederick Douglas incident, 354.  Hinton mail robberies, 354, 355.  Hinton's trial, 356.  End of the old stage service, 356. Mail and telegraph, I, 357-367 :  Imperfections of the stage mail service, 357.  Reduction of postage rates, 357, 358.  Railway postoffices, 358. 868 - HISTORY OF THE CITY OF COLUMBUS. Mail and Telegraph—Continued.  Beginning of free delivery, 358.  Free delivery in Columbus, 358, 359.  First letter carriers, 358.  Postoffice locations, 359.  Present postoffice building, 359, 360.  Criminal delinquencies in local mail service, 360, 361, 362.  For telegraph and telephone service, see Telegraph. Manufactures, II, 315-340:  Mills of the early settlers, 315, 316, 337.  The Worthington Manufacturing Company, 316.  Jewett & Hines's spinning mill, 316, 317.  Ransburg's fulling mill, 318.  The Ridgway foundry, 318, 319.  White's coach factory, 319.  Tanneries, 316, 319, 324, 331.  Breweries, 316, 319, 320, 321.  Fabrication of silk, 319, 320.  Cutler's coach and carriage factory, 320.  Gill's foundry, 320.  Franklin Foundry and Machine Shop, 320.  Paper mills, 320, 321, 322, 323.  Starch factory, 321, 338.  Carpets and cordage, 321.  Neil Moore & Company's factory and repair shop. 321, 322.  M. L. Sullivant's mill, 322.  Ambos & Lennox foundry, 332, 334, 338.  Eagle Foundry, 323  Ridgway & Company's carworks, 323.  Manufactories in leather, 319, 323.  The Peters and Hughes trunk factories, 323, 324.  Beginning and development of Columbus buggymaking, 324, 325.  Origin of the Columbus Buggy Company, 326.  The Peters Dash Company, 326, 327.  The Hayden manufacturing establishments, 427, 428.  Ohio Tool Company, 327.  Columbus Woolen Factory, 327.  Furniture factories, 327, 328, 329.  Hollow wooden ware, 328.  Ohlen's saw factory, 328, 330.  Manufactories in the fifties, 328, 329, 330.  Ohio Furniture Company, 330.  Columbus Sewer Pipe Company, 331.  Brown, Hinman & Huntington Company, 331.  Columbus Rolling Mill, 331, 332.  Blast furnaces, 332.  Later manufacturing establishments, 332-337. Manufactures in 1888, 339, 340. Markethouses, see Borough, Events, and Municipality. Marquette, Jacques ; I, 4. Massassiniway expedition, I, 239, 240. May, John ; I, 5. Mayoralty, see Municipality. McKinley, William ; portrait, II, 384; biography, 817. Membré, Father ; I, 82. Mengwe, the ; I, 41, 73. Meteorology, see Climate. Methodist churches, see Church History. Metz, C. L.; I, 22. Mexican War, see War with Mexico. Miamis, the ; I, 69, 70, 73, 84. Military organization before 1860 ; II, 7.2 87 :  Franklinton Riflemen, 72.  Franklin Dragoons, 72, 73.  Militia law of 1821, 73.  Columbus Artillery, 73, 74.  Militia musters, 74.  A militia " skedaddle," 74.  A gorgeous quartermaster, 74, 75.  The Columbus Guards of 1827;75.  Franklin Rifle Company, 75.  Mexican War veterans, 75, 81, 84, 85.  Military languor, 75, 85.  Columbus Guards of 1837, 75-79, 82.  Their service at the Clark-Foster execution, 78.  State military conventions, 78, 81, 85, 191.  German Artillery, 79, 80.  Montgomery Guards of 1846, 80, 87.  Columbus Grays, 80, 187.  Columbus Light Guards, 80, 187.  Columbus Light Artillery, 80.  German Grenadiers, 81.  Columbus Guards of 1855, 81.  State Fencibles, 82, 83, 84, 86, 87, 88, 97, 189.  Columbus Vedettes, 83, 84, 86, 87, 88, 97, 121, 128, 188.  Montgomery Guards, 83, 85, 86, 88, 97.  Steuben Guards, 84, 86, 88, 97.  State arms and arsenal, 84, 90, 91, 122.  Ijams's Light Artillery, 84, 86.  Governor's Guard, 85, 86, 88, 97, 188, 189.  Colonel Latham's funeral, 85.  Coldstream Zouaves. 86, 101, 187. Military organizations and associations since the Civil War, II, 186-198:  Grand Army of the Republic, 186, 195, 199-217.  Sons of Veterans, 187.  Exsoldiers' and Sailors' Association, 187, 193.  Various Columbus companies, 187.  Thurman Light Guards, 187.  Fourteenth Ohio National Guard, 187, 192, 196, 197, 198, 207.  Columbus Vedettes, 187, 188.  Columbus Cadets, 188.  Exprisoners of War Association, 188.  Governor's Guard, 188, 189, 191.  State Fencibles Association, 189.  Memorial Day, 189. GENERAL INDEX - 869 Military organizations—Continued.  Columbus Memorial Association, 189, 190.  Soldiers, Section in Green Lawn Cemetery, 190.  Visiting military, 191.  State convention of the National Guard,191.  Colored National Guard, 191.  Military reunions. 192, 193, 194, 195. Mingoes, the; I, 73, 84, 92, 93, 94, 96, 97, 98, 101, 291. Monroe, President James ; I, 261, 272. Moravians, massacre of the ; I, 99, 100, 101. Morgan’s escape from the Penitentiary, see Penitentiary. Morley, A. T. ; portrait, II, 360 ; biography, 839. Moundbuilders, works of the ; 1, 19-61. Mound City, I, 33, 34. Mountain ships, I, 344. Municipality, the ; II, 467-561 :  Incorporation of the borough, 467.  Powers and duties of borough officers, 467, 468.  Borough legislation, 468, 469, 470, 471, 472, 473.  Incorporation of the city, 474.  Original city boundaries, 474.  The first city charter, 474 475.  City legislation in the thirties and forties, 476-481.  Absolutism of the council, 475, 479. Early city finances, 477.  City watch and police, 480, 481, 484, 485, 486, 488, 492.  City charter of 1850, 482.  Municipal government law of 1852, 482, 483.  Its readjustment of executive and legislative functions, 483.  Basis of the municipal code, 484.  City legislation in the fifties, 484, 485.  City legislation in the sixties, seventies and eighties, 486-495.  The city in the courts, 487, 491.  Hare Orphans, Home, 486, 488.  City Park, 487.  Metropolitan Police, 488.  City Hall, 488, 489, 490, 491.  Municipal code of 1869, 489.  Mayor,s police authority in 1870, 489.  Codification of ordinances, 491, 492.  City finances, 477, 486, 490.  Ward districting, 474, 479, 491, 492.  Street improvement law, 493.  Municipal reform agitation. 493, 494.  Review of local .municipal history, 494, 495.  Roster of the borough and city governments, 496-518.  Music and the Drama, II, 782. N National Encampment of the Grand Army of the Republic, II, 199-217 :  Twenty-second National Encampment invited to Columbus, 199.  General Council organized, 200, 201, 202, 203.  Its plans, preparations and announcements, 204, 205, 206, 207.  Camps for the veterans, 205, 208.  General staff organization, 209, 210.  The great parade, 209, 210, 211, 212, 213, 214.  Programme for the Encampment Week, 214, 215.  Reunions held, 215.  Finances of the Encampment, 215, 216. National Road, I, 320-329:  Colonial highways, 320.  Early arterial thoroughfares, 320, 321.  National aid to road construction, 321, 322.  The Cumberland Road, 321, 322.  Its extension to Ohio, 322. 323.  How surveyed and built, 324.  Its continuance through Ohio, 326.  Suspension bridge at Wheeling, 327.  Travel on National Road, 327.  Importance of the road to Columbus, 328.  Its disuse and decay, 328, 329. Neil, Hannah; portrait, I, 784 ; biography, 911. Neil, Henry M. ; portrait, II, 112 ; biography, 809. Neil, Moses H. ; portrait, II, 144. Neil, Robert E. ; portrait, I, 352 ; biography, 885. Neil. William ; portrait, I, 344 ; biography, 879. Newberry, Professor J. S. ; I, 21, 22. Newsboys, Home, II, 744. Nigger Hollow, I, 277, 308. Northwest Territory, see Ohio. 0 Obetz, Nelson ; portrait, II, 608 ; biography, 825. Odd Fellowship, II, 765-768, 776. Ohio Canal, I, 330-340 :  Governor Ethan A. Brown’s canal projects, 330.  His message recommendations with respect thereto, 330.  First Canal Commission, 331.  Canal engineers and surveys, 331, 332.  Proposed canal routes, 332.  Beginning of canal construction, 332, 333.  Governor Clinton’s visit. 334.  Canal contracts and laborers, 334. 335.  The Columbus lateral built, 335, 336. 870 - HISTORY OF THE CITY OF COLUMBUS. Ohio Canal—Continued.  Its opening to traffic, 336.  Arrival of the first canal boat, 336, 337.  Commercial importance of the canals, 337, 338.  Canal passenger traffic, 338.  Present extent of the canal system, 339, 340. Ohio, Founding of ; I, 105-120:  Indian titles to the northwestern territories, 105.  Colonial claims, 105.  Claims of Great Britain, 106.  Schemes of western settlement, 106.  The Ohio Company organized, 107.  Its purchase, 107, 108.  The Scioto Company and purchase, 108.  Migration of the Ohio Company's colonists, 108, 109.  Their arrival and settlement at the mouth of the Muskingum, 109.  Political organization of the Northwest  Territory, 109, 110.  Ordinance of 1787, 110.  The territorial officers, 111.  Arrival of Governor St. Clair, 111.  First territorial courts, 111, 112.  Second white colony on the Ohio, 112.  Origin of Cincinnati, 113.  Settlement of Manchester, 113.  First white settlement in Northern Ohio, 113.  Recommencement of Indian hostilities, 114.  General Harmar's expedition, 114.  St. Clair's campaign and rout, 114, 115,  General Wayne's campaign and victory, 115, 116.  Treaty of Greenville, 116.  First territorial legislature, 116, 117, 118.  Division of the territory proposed, 117.  Territorial politics, 118.  Governor St. Clair's contentions, 119.  His removal from office, 119.  State constitution of 1802, 119.  Roster of the Territorial Government, 121-123.  Roster of the State Government, 123-132. Ohio Company, see Ohio, Founding of. Ohio country, primitive map of ; I, 90. 91. Ohio Land Company of Virginia, I, 82.91. Ohio Life & Trust Company, I. 386, 401, 409. Ohio Penitentiary, see Penitentiary. Ohio State University, see University. Ohio Wilderness, I, 3-18:  Its first explorers, 3, 17.  Its wild forest scenes. 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8.  Scenes on the Ohio River, 5, 6, 7. 17.  Wild beasts and birds, 6, 7, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 18.  The Muskingum Valley, 8, 9.  The Scioto Valley, 9.  Primitive prairies, 9. Ohio Wilderness—Continued:  The wilderness in winter, 10.  The wilderness songsters, 16.  Whetstone, Olentangy, Big Darby, 17. Old Joe and his Garden, I, 751, 752, 753. Olentangy, I, 9, 11, 14, 17, 45, 46. Omnibuses and carriages, see Street Transportation. Orphans' Home, II, 737-740. Orton, Edward ; I, 42, 663; portrait, 672 ; biography, 906. Otstot, John ; portrait, I, 200 ; biography, 868. Ottawas, the ; I, 74, 102, 114. P Parkman, Francis ; I, 17, 103. Parks, II, 535, 536, 537 :  Goodale Park, 535, 536.  City Park, 536.  Franklin Park, 536.  Jefferson, Lexington and Hamilton parks, 537.  Public building grounds, 537. Patterson, Robert ; biography, II, 599, 600. Patton, A. G.; portrait, II, 208 ; biography, 813. Paully, Ensign ; I, 86, 103. Penitentiary, see Buildings. and Penitentiary. Penitentiary, the Ohio ; II, 578-590.  The first State prison, 578, 579, 580.  Its government, 579, 590.  Its manufactures, 579.  New prison recommended, 579.  Its erection provided for, 580.  Its site selected, 580.  Its completion and occupation, 580.  Disciplinary reforms, 580, 582.  Old Penitentiary grounds in litigation, 581.  Execution of James Clark and Esther Foster, 581.  Cholera in the prison, 580, 581.  The plague of partisan interference, 581, 590.  Prison cruelties. 582.  Juvenile convicts, 582.  Notable escapades, 579, 583, 587, 588.  The Myers murder, 582.  John Morgan's escape, 583-587.  Case of Mary Garret, 587.  Graded punishments, 588, 589.  Enlargement of the prison, 588.  The prison reform movement, 589.  List of keepers and wardens, 590. Peters Run, I, 278. Pfaff, Carl T.; portrait, I, 272; biography, 874. Pioneer life, I, 166, 167, 168, 169. 170. Plat, original of Columbus ; I, 202, 203. Plat, original of Frank linton ; I, 140. Plat, original of Worthington ; I, 190: Platt, William A.; portrait, I, 144; biography, 864. GENERAL INDEX - 871 Political Events, II, 372-463.  Patriotism of the pioneers. 372.  How they celebrated Independence Day, 372, 373, 374, 375.  Dinner to Philemon Beecher, 375.  A legislative funeral, 376.  Habits of early legislators, 376.  Oldtime political notions and customs, 376, 377, 381.  Fugitive slave advertisements, 377.  Slavery in Ohio, 377, 378.  African exclusion, 378.  Kentucky slaves in Ohio, 378.  Eighth of January political festivals, 378, 379, 394, 395, 396, 398, 400, 401, 412,      420, 423. 424, 425, 441, 445, 456.  Dinner to Henry Clay, Harrison,s  General W. H. Harrison's political visits, 379, 390.  Hon. R. M Johnson's political visits, 379, 390.  Protest of Welsh citizens, 379.  Oldtime political meetings, 380. 381.  State conventions, 381, 382, 389, 390, 394, 396, 397, 398, 399, 400, 401, 402, 412, 413, 414, 416, 418, 419, 420, 421, 422, 423, 424, 425, 426, 427, 428, 435, 439, 440, 441, 442, 443, 444, 445, 447, 448, 449, 450, 451, 452, 453, 455, 456, 457, 458, 459, 460, 461, 462, 463.  Whig convention of 1840, 382-386, 388.  Campaign of 1840, 388, 389  Hon. John Tyler's visit, 392  President Harrison's death, 391.  Funeral honors paid him, 391, 392.  Whig revolt in the legislature of 1842, 393.  Politics of the capital removal scheme, .394.  Oregon boundary dispute, 395, 398.  Republicans of 1843, 395, 396.  Kelley versus Brough, 397.  A Whig dinner, 397  A Democratic antislavery declaration, 400, 401, 403.  A Whig supper, 401.  Death of John Q. Adams, 402.  Freesoil convention, 402.  Legislative deadlock of 1848-9, 402-412.  Origin and subjects of the contention, 404, 405.  Position and course of the Freesoil members, 405, 406, 407.  Incidents of the controversy, 407, 408.  Repeal of the Black Laws, 407.  S. P. Chase elected to the National Senate, 407.  Disappointment and rage of the Whigs, 409.  " Beelzebub's Cattle show." 409, 410, 411.  Legislative deadlock of 1849-50, 411. 412.  Battle of the sandboxes," 415.  Visits of Horace Greeley and General Scott, 415. Political Events Continued.  Henry Clay's obsequies, 415, 416.  Martin Koszta extradition case, 416.  Beginning of the Republican party, 418, 419, 420, 421, 422  Anti-Nebraska convention of 1854, 418.  The Know Nothing movement, 420, 430434.  Fusion convention of 1855, 420, 421, 422, 430-434.  The new party named Republican, 422.  Its triumph in 1855, 422, 323.  Speech by Stephen A. Douglas, 426.  Speech by Abraham Lincoln, 442.  Visit of the Kentucky and Tennessee legislatures, 427.  Dismemberment of the Democratic party, 427. 428.  Coalition of 1855, 430-434.  Outbreak of the Civil War, 435.  Reception of President Lincoln, 436, 437, 438.  Peace commissioners appointed, 438.  Last speeches of Stephen A. Douglas at Douglas’s 438.  Mr. Douglas's death, 439.  Relaxation of party lines, 439.  The Union Vallandigham’s, 439.  Vallandigham's nomination and defeat, 441, 442.  Inauguration of Governor Tod, 440.  Inauguration of Governor Cox, 444.  Speech of General B. F. Butler, 445  Johnson’s President Johnson's visit, 445.  First inauguration of Governor Hayes, 447.  His second inauguration, 448.  Inauguration of Governor Noyes, 450.  Allen County movement of 1873, 451.  Inauguration of Governor Allen, 452.  Governor Hayes nominated for the  Presidency, 453.  His farewell reception and departure for Washington, 454, 455.  Inauguration of Governor Bishop, 455.  Inauguration of Governor Foster, 456.  Assassination of President Garfield, 458.  Tallysheet frauds of 1885, 460.  Inauguration of Governor Foraker, 461, 462.  Hon. Allen G. Thurman nominated for the Vice Presidency, 462. Point Pleasant, battle at ; I, 95. Police, see Municipality. Pontiac, I, 74, 86. Population, I, 279; II, 55, 56, 232. Postoffice, see Mail. Powell, Thomas E. ; portrait, II, 400 ; biography, 819. Powell, William ; portrait, I, 392; biography, 888. Prehistoric races, see Ancient Races. Presbyterian churches, see Church History. 872 - HISTORY OF THE CITY OF COLUMBUS. Prescott, William H. ; I, 31, 32, 43. Press, the ; I, 419-493 :  First Ohio newspaper, 419.  The Ohio press in 1821, 420, 422.  Freeman's Chronicle, 421, 422, 423, 431, 455, 465  Western Intelligencer, 423, 425, 477.  Columbus Gazette of 1820-1825, 423.  Ohio State Journal, 423, 424, 425.  Ohio Monitor, 425, 426.  Ohio Statesman, 426, 427.  Miscellaneous newspapers and other periodicals, 427-451.  Difficulties of early journalism, 452-454.  Primitive editorial fairness, 454.  Free extras, 454 456.  Advent of the daily paper, 456.  First telegraphic news transmission, 456, 457.  Struggles of the first dailies, 457, 458.  Legislative reporting, 457.  Journalism of the Civil War period, 458, 459.  The Crisis office mobbed, 459.  Advent of the steam press,.460.  Newspaper office locations, 460.  Journalistic fracases, 461, 462.  Editorial associations, 462, 463, 464, 466, 467.  Journalistic biography, 467-493.  " A Great Old Sunset," 473, 474. Prices, I, 262, 265-271, 387, 389, 390. See also Business, and Lands and Land Titles. Protestant Episcopal churches, II, 705-708. Pugh, Andrew G. ; portrait, II, 544 ; biography, 840. Pugh, John M.; portrait, I, 288; biography, 874. Pulling, James G. ; portrait, II, 304; biography, 817. R Railways, II, 233-303:  Origin of railway locomotion, 233, 234.  Railway beginnings in the United States, 234, 235.  Railway beginnings in Ohio, 234, 235.  Railway projects in the thirties, 236, 237, 238.  In the forties, 238, 239.  Incorporated lines touching Columbus, 240, 303.  Little Miami Railway, 240, 241, 242.  Columbus & Xenia, 242-249.  Cleveland, Columbus & Cincinnati, 249- 258.  Central Ohio, 258-264.  Columbus, Piqua & Indiana 267-271.  Steubenville & Indiana, 267-271.  Cleveland. Akron & Columbus, 271-272.  Columbus, Springfield & Cincinnati, 272-273. Railways—Continued.  Columbus & Hocking Valley, 273-289.  Ohio & West Virginia, 289, 290.  Columbus & Toledo, 290 292.  Scioto Valley, 292-294.  Toledo & Ohio Central, 294-295.  Atlantic & Great Western, 295.  Michigan & Ohio, 295, 296.  Columbus & Ironton, 296,  Columbus & Maysville, 296.  The Union Depot Company, 296, 297.  Street obstruction by railways, 298, 299, 526. 527.  The High Street tunnel, 298.  Fast freight lines, 299, 300.  Express companies, 301, 302. Rarey, John S. ; I, 740, 741, 742. Red Hawk, I, 95, 99. Refugee Lands, I, 616. Reinhard, Jacob ; portrait, I, 328 ; biography, 877. Republican party, formation of ; see Political. Reserve, Western ; I, 106, 118. Reynolds, William C. ; portrait, II, 352 ; biography, 837. Rickly, S. S. ; biography, II, 833. Rickly, Ralph R ; portrait, II, 312. Roads, see Turnpikes and Plank Roads. Rosetta fugitive slave case ; see Bench and Bar. S Sagard, Father ; I, 68, 69. Sanitary conditions of Columbus, see Geology. Sater, John E. ; portrait, I, 616 ; biography, 905. Savage, W. M.; portrait, II, 48; biography, 805. Schiller monument, II, 231, 232. Schools, I, 494-581 :  School funds and legislation, 495-504.  Land grants for school support, 494, 495.  Virginia Military District, 494, 495, 486.  Refugee grant, 496.  First general school law of Ohio, 497.  School law of 1825, 497, 498.  Supplementary legislation, 498, 499.  Taxation for school purposes, 499, 500, 501, 502, 504.  Law of 1845, 500, 501.  Akron school law, 501.  Law of 1848, 502.  General school law of 1853, 502.  Law of 1873, 502.  Compulsory education act, 503.  Examination of teachers, 503.  Legal school age, 504.  Textbook legislation, 504, 546.  Private schools, 504-520.  How supported, 505.  Early schoolhouses, 505, 506. GENERAL INDEX - 873 Schools—Continued.  First schools in Franklinton, 494, 495, 505.  The Old Academy, 506, 509. 510, 511, 528, 529.  Teachers of priHazeltine,ss, 509. Hazeltine's school, 511, 512.  Female Academy, 512.  School on Doe Run, 513.  Lutheran Seminary, 513, 514.  Highschool of 1832, 515.  Charity school of 1836, 515.  Schools for colored youth, 516, 550, 560, 565.  Columbus institutes, 516, 517, 518.  Commercial schools, 520.  Public schools, 521-581.  Worthington College, 521.  First Sunday school, 521.  Origin of the common school system, 521.  First school examiners, 522, 538.  First certified teachers, 522  School district boundaries and householders, 497, 522, 523, 524, 525, 526, 527.  Pioneer teachers of public schools, 528, 531, 532, 533.  Their compensation, 528.  First public school and schoolhouse in Columbus, 529.  Public school disbursements, 529, 530, 531, 532, 533, 534, 535, 536, 543, 544.  Columbus as a separate school district, 536-545.  Private versus public schools 537.  Inefficiency of the latter, 537.  State school Superintendent, 499, 537, 538.  First graded schools, 539.  Common school revival, 539, 540.  Reform in school apartments. 540, 541.  Rented schoolrooms used. 541.  Erection of school buildings proposed and provided for, 540-542.  Evening schools, 542, 558  School disbursements in 1841, 543, 544.  School organization under the act of 1845, 545.  Additional school buildings erected, 546.  Textbooks made uniform, 546.  First superintendent of Columbus schools, 547.  High school department opened, 548.  Made permanent, 549.  Earlier Highschool course, 549.  German-English Compensation. 564.  Compensation of teachers, 528, 551.  Columbus schools in 1851, 552, 553.  The different superintendents sketched, 553-568.  Present Columbus school regulations, 566, 567. Schools Continued.  Women as principals, 567.  Instruction in music and art, 567, 568.  The Normal School, 568, 569.  The school library, 550, 569.  North End Highschool, 563.  Board of Education, 570-573.  School Examiners, 573.  School sites and buildings, 574.  Enumeration, attendance and expenditure, 575.  Graduates of the Highschool, 576-581. Scioto Purchase, I, 108. Scioto River, the ; I, 301-310:  Its early navigation, 301, 302.  Its obstruction prohibited, 302.  Sullivant's Bridge, 303, 304.  The Old Ford, 304.  Floods of 1798, 1832 and 1834, 304.  Flood of 1847, 304, 305.  Floods of 1852 and 1859, 305.  Flood of 1862, 305, 306.  Floods of 1866, 1869, 1870 and 1881, 3 6.  Flood of 1883, 306, 307, 308.  High water of 1887, 308.  The Bloody Island, 308, 309.  Navigation of the river by steam, 309, 310. Seat of government, legislative proceedings as to location of; I, 208. 223-235. Serpent Mound, the ; I, 37, 39, 39. Sessions, Fracis C.; portrait, TI, 832 ; biography, 912. Sewerage, I, 684, 687, 690, 691, 692, 693, 694. Sewers, II, 529-535:  First sewers underground, 529.  Sewerage commission a 1865, 529.  The Scioto River as a sewer, 529, 532, 534.  Peters Run sewer, 529, 530, 531, 532, 533.  Fourth Street sewer, 530.  Cost of the sewers, I, 662 ; II, 530.  Absence of system in sewerage, 531.  Northeastern trunk sewer, 531, 533.  Southeastern trunk sewer, 531.  Northwestern trunk sewer, 531, 533.531.  Franklin Park ewer, 531  The intercepting sewer, 532, 534, 535.  The Canal as a sewer, 532, 533.  Peters Run sewer dam, 533 Shades of Death, I, 320. Shadeville, I, 49, 58. Shawnees, the ; I, 70, 73, 74, 84, 85, 89, 98, 100, 102. Shea, John Gilmary ; I, 17, 79. Shepard, William ; portrait, I, 704 ; biography, 908. Shrock, M. E. ; portrait, II, 32 ; biography, 804. Slade, William H. ; portrait, I, 480 ; biography, 899. Smith, David ; portrait, I, 456 ; biography, 896. Smith, James ; I, 9, 10, 11, 13, 14, 15, 17, 18. 874 - HISTORY OF THE CITY OF COLUMBUS. Societies, miscellaneous ; II, 775-781. Squier and Davis, I, 24, 25, 28, 30, 33, 37, 38, 42, 43, 46, 47, 75. Squirrel hunt, I, 294, 295. Stages and staging, see Mail. State Fair, see Industrial Events. State Government, see Ohio. Statehouse, see Public Buildings and Capitol. State University, see University. Streets, II, 519-528:  Streets of the borough, 519.  City streets during the thirties and forties, 520.  Streets during the fifties, 520, 521, 522.  High Street paving, 520, 521, 522, 523, 524, 525, 526, 527, 528.  Bridges and viaducts, 521.  Street shadetrees, 521, 522.  Street cleaning, 520, 522, 523, 525.  Street names, 521, 523, 524.  North High Street improvement, 525, 526.  Street obstruction by railways, 298, 299, 526, 527.  Numbering of houses, 520, 521, 527.  Irregularities of streets, 527.  Street assessments on public property, 528.  Recent street paving,. 538, 539, 540. Street Lighting, II, 558.559:  Candles, lardlamps and lanterns, 556, 566.  Origin of gas illumination, 555.  First gas ordinance, 556.  Columbus Gas and Coke Company organized, 556.  Gas works erected, 557, 558.  First gas supply, 557.  Amount of supply and prices, 558.  A naphtha interlude, 558.  Electric lighting, 558, 559. Street Transportation, II, 304-314:  Early omnibus and hack service, 304, 305.  Limitation of fares, 304, 305, 306.  First street railway in Columbus, 306, 307.  Its construction and opening on High Street, 307.  Its decadence, 308, 309.  North Columbus and Friend Street lines incorporated, 309.  North Columbus line built, 313.  Long Street line built, 310.  High and Friend Street lines consolidated, 3t0.  Neil Avenue line authorized, 311.  Oak Street line incorporated. 311.  Bought by the Consolidated Company; 312.  Consolidated Street Railway Company formed, 312.  Sale of its property, 309.  Electric motors introduced, 313.  Glenwood and Green Lawn line, 313, 314.  Belt railway schemes, 314. Street Railways, see Street Transportation. Sullivant’s Bridge, I, 218, 235, 302, 303, 304, 310. Sullivant, Lucas ; I, 135-139, 150, 151, 153, 157, 158, 159, 162, 163, 170, 171, 172, 189, 218, 235, 237, 244, 261, 295, 302, 313, 405, 505, 507, 509, 521. Sullivant,s Mill, I, 162. Sullivant,s Prairie, I, 173. Sullivant Store in Franklinton, 154. Swayne, Noah H.; portrait, II, 8 ; biography, 837. Swayne, Wager ; portrait, II, 96 ; biography, 808. T. Tahre, I, 77, 79. Tallegwi, the ; I, 41. Taverns, see Coffeehouses. Taylor, David ; portrait, I, 160 ; biography, 881. Tecumseh, 1, 246. Telegraph, electric, I:  Its invention and first use, 362, 363.  First lines strung, 363.  First line touching Columbus, 363.  First message over it, 363.  First telegraphic news service, 363, 364.  Additional lines in Ohio, 364.  First Atlantic cable, 365.  Magnitude of present telegraph service, 365, 366.  District telegraph, 366.  The telephone in Columbus, 366, 367. Telephone, see Telegraph. Territorial government, see Ohio. Thames, battle of the; I, 75, 170, 248, 309. Thurman, Allen G.; portrait, I, 16; biography, 855. Titles, see Lands. Titles, Indian, I, 105. Tod Barracks, see War for the Union. Townshend, Norton S.; portrait, I, 80 ; biography, 859. Townships, history of; 163. Trade, Board of ; II, 366.371:  First organization of in Franklin County, 366.  Second board organized in Columbus, 367.  Board of 1872, 368.  Organization of 1880, 368.  Reorganization of 1884, 369.  Board of Trade building, 369, 370.  Subjects to which the Board has given attention, 370, 371. Turnpikes and Plankroads, I, 311-319:  The wilderness trails and bridlepaths, 311, 312.  Early wagonroads, 312, 313.  Franklin Turnpike Company, 313, 314.  Granville Road, 314.  Columbus and Sandusky Turnpike, 314, 315, 316. GENERAL INDEX - 875 Turnpikes and Plankroads—Continued.  Turnpikes and plankroads touching Columbus, 316, 317, 318.  Difficulties of country road travel, 318, 319.  Worthington Plankroad, 319. Turnverein, II, 771, 772. Twightwees, I, 84. U. United Brethren in Christ, II, 710. United States Military Lands, I, 616. Universalist Church. II, 711, 712, 713. University, the Capital; see Lutheran. University, Ohio State ; II, 621-630 :  First demands for agricultural education in Ohio, 621.  Doctor Townshend's school at Oberlin, 621, 630.  Congressional endowment of agricultural colleges, 621.  Sale of the Ohio land scrip, 622.  Proposed division of the Ohio fund, 621, 622.  Ohio Agricultural and Mechanical College provided for, 622.  Franklin County's donation thereto, 622. The institution located, 622 623.  The main building erected, 623.  Course of study and Faculty, 623, 625, 626, 627, 628, 62:9, 630.  Opening of the institution, 624.  Additional buildings erected, 624, 625, 627, 629.  Lectures on agriculture, 625, 630.  Bureau of meteorology, 625. 630.  Veterinary department established, 626.  Chemical laboratory building burned, 626.  Manual training department proposed, 626.  Law department established, 627.  Second Congressional endowment, 627.  Permanent State levy for support of the institution, 627.  Ohio Agricultural Experiment Station, 628, 630.  Wheaton collection of birds, 628.  Moores collection of shells, 628.  The Sullivant and Deshler collections, 628.  German library, 628.  Geological museum, 628. V. Virginia Land Company, I, 83. Virginia Military District, I, 113, 494, 495, 606, 607, 616, 628. W. War of 1812, I, 236-250, 261, 262:  Declaration of, 236.  Rendezvous of Ohio troops, 236.  General Hull's conference with the Indians. 236.  Northwaid march of his army, 237.  Blockhouses in the Black Swamp, 237.  Hull's capitulation, 237.  Indian alarms, 237.  Governor Meigs and the Ohio militia, 237.  Governor Scott and the Kentucky militia, 237.  Harrison appointed to command, 237. Relief of Fort Wayne, 238.  Harrison at Franklinton, 238, 242, 244, 245, 250.  His military plans, 238.  Franklinton as a military rendezvous, 238, 239, 249.  Harrison's movements, 239, 243, 244, 250.  The Massassiniway expedition, 239, 240.  Freeman's Chronicle military news, 240, 241, 243, 244, 245, 248.  Winchester's advance, 241.  His defeat at the River Raisin, 241.  Fort Meigs built, 241.  Besieged by Proctor, 244, 250.  Harrison's conference with the Indians, 244, 245, 247, 249, 250.  Scene of the conference (Harrison Elm), 247.  Harrison's speech to the Indian warriors, 250.  Execution of a deserter. 245.  Alarming rumors, 245, 246.  An Indian foray, 246.  Harrison at Presque Isle, 246.  Proctor's feint, 246.  Croghan's disobedience, 246.  His defense of Fort Stevenson, 246, 248.  Rally of the Ohio militia, 248.  Commodore Perry's preparations, 246.  His victory, 248.  Harrison's retirement, 249.  End of the war, 249.  British captives at Franklinton, 249. War with Mexico, II, 15-29:  How it was precipitated, 15.  Contemporary condition of the militia, 15, 16.  Ohio's quota of volunteers, 16.  Organization and equipment of the troops, 16, 17.  Recruiting in Columbus, 17.  News of Taylor's first victories, 17.  Camp Washington, 17, 18, 19.  Columbus companies organized, 18, 19, 20, 21.  War discussions in Congress, 19.  Departure of Columbus companies, 18, 19, 20, 21. 876 - HISTORY OF THE CITY OF COLUMBUS. War with Mexico —Continued.  Return of the volunteers, 21, 22. 23.  Testimonial to Colonel Morgan, 21.  Captain William A. Latham's Company, 23, 24  Captain J. T. Mickum's Company, 24, 25.  Captain Otto Zirckel's Company, 25. 26.  Captain M. C. Lilley's Company, 27, 28, 29. War for the Union, II, 88-155:  Fort Sumter attacked, 88.  First call for volunteers, 88.  Responses to the call, 89, 90.  First enlistments at Columbus, 88, 104.  Columbus as a military rendezvous, 89.  Governor Dennison's proclamation, 90.  Temporary war loan, 90.  Million dollar bill passed, 90.  Unpreparedness of the militia, 90, 91.  Confusion at military headquarters, 91, 105.  First arrivals of volunteers, 91, 106.  How the troops were quartered, 91, 92, 96.  Scenes in the Capitol, 92.  Commissary contracts, 92, 105.  Tentpoles provided, 93.  Arrangements for obtaining arms, 93.  Contracts for clothing, 93.  Departure of the First and Second regiments, 93; 94.  Camp Jackson (Goodale Park), 92, 93, 94, 96, 97, 99, 103, 106.  Women's Soldiers' Aid Society, 95, 106, 120, 121, 124, 162, 163.  Relief of soldiers' families, 95.  Board of medial examiners, 65.  Volunteers' complaints, 96.  Legislative action thereon, 96.  Camp Dennison established, 96.  A camp incident, 96.  Third and Fourth regiments organized, 96, 97.  Camp Chase established, 97.  Reconstruction of the Governor's staff, 98, 105.  President's second call, 98.  Movements of three months regiments, 98.  Eighteenth United States Infantry, 99. Camp Lyon, 99.  Camp Carlisle, 99.  Return of threemonths men, 100.  Bull Run defeat, 100, 101.  First three-years call, 101.  New companies in Columbus, 101, 102.  First arrivals of prisoners of war, 102.  Governor Dennison's appeal for donations, 103, 104.  Contracts for army supplies, 103.  Heavy shipments of arms, 103, 105.  General Sherman's alleged insanity, 103, 104.  Military chaos reduced to order, 107.  State laboratory, 105, 122, 123, 136.  Governor Tod's administration begun, 108. War for the Union—Continued.  Staff changes, 108.  Fall of Fort Donelson announced, 108.  News of the Shiloh battle, 109.  Hospital supplies forwarded, 109.  F. C. Sessions 's letters, 109, 110, 125.  Arrivals of sick and wounded, 110.  A premature announcement, 111.  A notable war meeting, 111, 112.  Bounties for volunteers, 112, 140.  Franklin County Military Committee, 112.  A draft avoided, 113.  General Pope's battles in Virginia, 113.  Battle of Antietam, 113.  Kirby Smith's advance on Cincinnati, 113.  Rally of the squirrel hunters, 113, 114, 178, 179.  Battles of Fredericksburg and Stone River, 114, 125.  A cry for competent leadership, 114, 115.  Local record of military movements in 1862, 115, 116.  Captured Confederates at Camp Chase, 116, 117, 135, 136, 144, 157.  Insolence of paroled Confederates, 117, 120, 144.  Paroled Union soldiers, 117, 118, 136.  Camp Lew. Wallace, 118.  Camp Chase under Colonel Moody, 118  Camp Chase Military Prison, 119.  Unique flagraising, 119.  Negro slaves at the Camp Chase prison, 119.  A camp alarm, 119, 120.  War canards locally current, 121, 137.  Columbus Cadets, 102, 121.  National Arsenal and Barracks at Columbus, 123, 163, 164.  Esther Institute, hospital and prison, 125, 126.  Medary's Crisis office mobbed, 126.  Burnside's Army Corps passes west, 126.  Street fight with its stragglers, 126, 127.  An Andrews raider honored, 127.  Diplomas for "squirrel hunters," 127.  Gettysburg victory announced, 127, 128.  Surrender of Vicksburg, 128.  Milit a law of 1863, 128.  John Morgan's raid, 128, 129, 137, 180, 181.  A political incident, 129.  Chickamauga battle, 130.  F. W. Hurtt embezzlement, 130.  General court martial, 16U, 113. 161.  First colored recruits, 130, 131.  Response to the sixmonths call, 131.  Call for 300,000 more volunteers, 132.  Eleventh and Twelfth army corps pass west, 132, 181.  More militia companies organized, 133.  Twenty-second Ohio Battery recruited, 133. GENERAL INDEX - 877 War for the Union—Continued.  Camp Tod, 134.  Clearance of lounging officers, 124  Wholesale desertion, 134, 135.  Inauguration of Governor Brough, - 139  Veteran re-enlistments, 140, 145, 146.  One-hundred-days troops, 141, 142.  One-year regiments organized, 142.  The draft in Columbus, 142, 143.  Bounty jumpers and substitutes, 143.  Tod Barracks, 134, 143, 144, 145, 156, 157, 158, 159.  Department commander Heintzelman, 144.  Military campaigns of 1863, 147, 157.  General Lee's surrender, 147, 149.  Rejoicing at Columbus, 148, 149.  Speech of Senator Assassination 149.  Assassination of President Lincoln, 149, 150.  His remains at Columbus, 151, 152, 153, 154, 155.  Return of the volunteers, 156-167.  Camp Dennison discontinued, 159.  An affecting incident, 160.  A veteran's dilemma, 160, 161.  Camp Chase broken up, 161.  United States Sanitary Commission, 162.  State Soldiers' Home, 163.  State Arsenal, 164.  Welcome to General Sherman, 164, 165.  General Grant received, 165, 166. War Experiences at Columbus, II, 168 185 :  Biographical sketch of General George B. Wright, 168, 169.  Beginning of the war, 169.  The rush of volunteers, 170.  Bull Run defeat, 170.  How the volunteers were supplied, 170.  How war funds were provided, 171, 172, 173.  Transportation of thetroops, 171, 172, .173.  How the volunteers were equipped, 173, 177, 178, 182, 183.  Governor Dennison's services, 173, 174.  The Confederate captives, 174, 175.  Hon. Andrew Johnson at Columbus, 175.  "Parson" Brownlow's visit, 175.  Care of the sick and wounded, 175, 176, 177.  Ohio State Agents and their services, 176, 177, 181.  Defense of Cincinnati, 178.  Alarms on the Ohio border, 179,  How the draft was enforced, 179.  The "conscientious fund," 180.  John Morgan's raid, 180.  Vallandigham's arrest, 181.  Efficiency of repeating rifles, 182, 183.  Governor Tod's generosity, 183, 184.  Anecdotes of President Lincoln, 184, 185. Washington, George ; I, 82, 85, 86, 87, 91, 92, 98, 99, 115. Water Supply, I, 687, 688, 689, 690; II, 54L. 544:  Wells and springs, 541.  First watersupply schemes, 541, 542.  Burning of the Neil House, 542.  Burning of the Central Asylum, 542, 543, 544. Watterson, Bishop John A.; portrait, II, 632. For biography see Catholic Churches. Wayne, General Anthony ; I, 79, 106, 115, 116. Weather and weather observations, see Climate. Webster, Hon. Daniel ; I, 110, 746, 747. Wege, Charles ; portrait, II, 576; biography, 839. Wheaton, Doctor John M.; 13, 14, 16, 18, 297. Whetstone River, I, 17, 45, 55, 97, 137, 186, 191, 220, 295, 299. Whipping post. and pillory, I, 158, 163. Whittlesey, Charles ; I, 27, 43, 46, 48, 73. Wilderness, see Ohio. Wilson, Andrew ; portrait, I, 168 ; biography, 916. Wolf Ridge, I, 293. Woman's Exchange, II, 741 Woman's Home, II, 741. Woman's Hospital, II, 740. Woman's Industrial Home, II, 742. Worthington, I, 184, 197 :  New England and the Northwest, 184.  Western emigration and the slavery question, 184.  Exclusion of slavery from the Northwest Territory, 184.  James Kilbourn, founder of Worthington, 184, 185.  His first journey to the Ohio country, 185, 186.  His report thereon, 186, 187.  The Scioto Company organized, 187. Kilbourn's diary, 188, 189.  Origin of the Worthington colony,189.  Original plat of Worthington, 190.  Distribution of town lots, 191.  Diary of Joel Buttles, 192, 193.  Trying experiences of the Worthington colonists, 192, 193, 194.  First newspaper in Central Ohio, 194.  The Worthington Manufacturing Company, 194, 195, 196, 197, 214, 215.  President Monroe's reception at Worthington, 272. Wright, George B.; portrait, II, 168; biography, see War Experiences. Wright, Professor G. F.; 1,119, 21, 22, 41, 42, 61. Wright, Horatio ; portrait, 1, 192 ; biography, 917. Wright, James E.; portrait, I, 104; biography, 861. Wyandot, Billy, I, 170. Wyandot Club, II, 773, 774, 775. Wyandot Indians, I, 9, 64, 65, 66, 68, 69, 71, 75, 77, 79, 84, 86, 87, 92, 99, 100, 102, 114; 291, 878 - HISTORY OF THE CITY OF COLUMBUS. Y Young Men's Christian Association, II, 715, 716, 717, 718. Z Zane, Bill ; I, 170. Zane, Ebenezer ; I, 93, 103. Zane, Jonathan ; I, 103. Zane, Silas ; I, 103. Zane's Trace, I, 149, 151, 185, 311. Zeisberger, David ; I, 8, 92, 93. Zettler, Louis : portrait, I, 610 ; biography, 814. Zinn, Philip.; I, 344, 345, 346. ERRATA. Page 8, line 21 from bottom, read " famed " for "framed. Page 14, last note should be numbered 7 instead of 17. Page 73, line 11, read " Jacob " for " Jabob." On same page, line 9 from bottom, read "Regi- ment." Page 87, line 9 from bottom, read " II" for " III." Page 128, line 16 from bottom, read "auxiliary " for " auxilliary." Page 135, line 15 from bottom, read "army the cost" instead of "army cost." Page 164, line 20 from bottom, read " Councilmen " for " Councilman." Page 249, line 2 from bottom, read " statistics " for " statistics." Page 239, line 26 from the top, read " Darke " for " Drake." Page 240, line 3 from the bottom, read " Robert" for " Rebert." Page 246, line 18 from the bottom, omit " as a branch of their line." Page 262, line 7 from the bottom, read " of " instead of " to." Page 279, line 3 from the bottom, read "Run " instead of " River." Page 282, line 6 from the bottom, read "our " instead of " your." Page 288, line 17 from the top, read " an " instead of "a." Page 292, line 10 from the top, read " built" for " build." Page 292, line 6 from the bottom, read "Glover" for " Clover." Page 439, line 20 from the bottom, read " representative " for " representatives." Page 444, read " habeas " for " haebeas." Page 447, bottom, read " 447 " for " 477." Page 374, line 3 from the top, read " 1822 " for " 1882." Page 864, Volume I, lines 9 and 10 from top, for " a hundred," read " a few hundred." Page 865, Volume I, line 16 from the top, for " bereavement" read " bereavements."