250 - HISTORY OF FRANKLIN AND PICK AWAY COUNTIES, OHIO. howls around their lonely dwellings. The township was not much inhabited by bear, although they frequently came in from the hills east of it, and several were killed by the hunters of Salt Creek. The last bear killed in Pickaway county was discovered by William Drum and George Morgan, on the farm of Drum's father, and followed by them into Washington township. Pursued closely by men and dogs, the animal ran up a white-oak tree, on the farm now owned by George W. Stout. Among those who joined in the chase were Jonathan Dreisbach and John Reichelderfer, who had their guns with them, and who were both pretty good shots. Both were ambitious of the honor of killing the animal, and, in order to gratify them, it was decided by Drum and Morgan, masters of ceremonies, to let them shoot simultaneously. The bear was killed instantly. He lodged in the fork of the tree, which had to be cut down in order to get him. The animal was a very large specimen, and his hide was sold for the sum of eighteen dollars. This was in June, 1840. SETTLEMENT. Prior to the actual settlement of the township, most of the sections along Salt creek were occupied by "squatters," who began to come in about the year 1797 or 1798. Some of them had made extensive clearings, and a few, after the land came into market, purchased farms and settled upon them. One of these was Alexander Berry, who bought one hundred and twenty-seven acres in section number twenty. Afterwards he entered the southwest quarter of section fifteen, where he remained until 1820, when he sold to Jacob Markel and removed to Marion county. Another squatter was John May, who lived on land in section twenty-six. Conrad Kline was one of the earliest squatters, first locating on Plum run. He afterward entered a quarter section on Moccason creek, in section one, and lived there until his death. He was a soldier of the Revolution. Matthias Hedges moved in at a very early date, probably before 1800. He located in section twenty-five, where he lived until 1803, moving then to Fairfield county, where he died. An early squatter on the place now owned by Samuel Strous was Andrew Bussard. He died at the home of his son–in-law, Henry Reichelderfer, at the advanced age of ninety-nine years and nine months. Christopher (or Christian) Myers and family moved in from Pennsylvania as early as 1800. His log cabin stood on the brow of the hill just west of Mr. Ballard's residence, in Tarlton, and was the first building in that portion of the township. Myers subsequently moved about a mile southwest of Tarlton, where he resided until his death. Jacob Saylor, sr., about the same time, settled on Scippo creek, in section six, and George Pontious, a son-in-law of Myers, on section four, a mile west of the present village of Tarlton. He was twice married and had three children. The first man who entered land in Salt Creek township was John Shoemaker. He came from Berks county, Pennsylvania, in the spring of 1801, and at the sale of government land in May, of that year, made an entry of land, after which he returned to Pennsylvania. The first patent was issued to him. The old document is now in the possession of Samuel Lutz, who owns a part of the land for which the patent was given. It bears date April 20, 1802, and is signed by Thomas Jefferson, president of the United States, and James Madison, secretary of State. Shoemaker subsequently entered a large amount of land in Pickaway and Fairfield counties. He did not visit Ohio again, after his return to Pennsylvania, until 1806, when he moved out with his family. The brothers, Jacob and John Lutz, with their families and their mother, Elizabeth, came from Northumberland (now Union) county, Pennsylvania, in 1802. They made the journey in two canvas-covered wagons, each drawn by a four-horse team, and arrived in Salt Creek on the fifteenth day of October. Jacob Lutz purchased of John Shoemaker, in section twenty-six, four hundred and sixteen acres, paying therefor six dollars per acre. From sixty to seventy acres had been cleared in different portions of the purchase, and there were upon it two cabins, occupied by the squatters, Berry and May. Mr. Lutz and family took possession of the Berry cabin, where they spent the following winter. Subsequently he located on the site of the present residence of John Karschner, building a one and a half story hewed-log house. In T811 he erected, in the same place, a frame house, which he occupied until his death, in 1824. Jacob Lutz was born in 1762, and married Elizabeth Demuth in 1788, who survived him many years. They had five sons—Samuel, Jacob D., John D., Joseph, and Peter—all now dead but Samuel, who, at the age of nearly ninety-one years, is as clear-headed and almost as smart, physically, as ever. The son Joseph was drowned in Salt creek, about the first of March, 1805, falling into the stream while crossing on a log on his return from school, just above the present cattle bridge, near Mr. Dunkel's. His brothers, Jacob and John, were present, but were unable to render any assistance, the water being so turbulent. John Lutz settled on Moccason creek, in section thirteen, moving into a cabin which had been previously occupied by Stephen Julian. He afterwards built a large frame dwelling on the same site, and also a large frame barn, but nothing of them now remains. He erected here, in 1804, the first saw-mill in the township. His death took place in 1833. In 1803 Abraham Monett came in and entered section number thirty-four, on which he resided until his death. William Stumpf came from Berks county, Pennsylvania., in the fall of 1801, and entered section number twenty-four. He returned to Pennsylvania, and remained until 1803, when he came out and made a settlement. He married Elizabeth Reichelderfer, in 1819, and located in the northwest part of section twenty-five, a portion of which he purchased of George Dunkel. He was largely engaged in the business of buying and selling cattle; driv- HISTORY OF FRANKLIN AND PICKAWAY COUNTIES, OHIO - 251 ing stock cattle over the mountains. Several of his children now reside in the township. The family of his son, Charles, occupies the old homestead.   In the summer of 1803, George Dunkel and wife arrived from Berks county, Pennsylvania, and settled on section twenty-five, near the Hocking county line. In 1806, he sold a part of the section to William Stumpf. He and Stumpf afterwards built a saw-mill on Salt creek, a few rods above the bridge near Ade1phi, and Dunkel moved there. He afterwards resided in Laurelville, and operated the mills there, which had been erected by Jacob Strous and Adam Defenbaugh, but finally returned to Salt creek, and occupied, until his death, the farm now occupied by his son, John. He was the father of ten children, six of whom are living. Kelson lives near Kingston, Ross county; Mary, wife of Solomon Riegel, of this township; Hannah, widow of J. Schlotman, also in this township ; John, on the homestead; Susan, wife of John Horn, in Findlay, Ohio, and Abigail, wife of Conrad Ett, in Walnut township. The son, George Dunkel, deceased, was for many years one of the enterprising and prominent men of the township.   Jacob Shoemaker, in 1803, settled on section eighteen, the whole of which he owned. After the death of his first wife, he again married, and, subsequently, moved to Circleville. He was associate judge of Pickaway county for a number of years. The old homestead was the permanent residence of his son, Charles Shoemaker, who died in 1878.   Conrad Braucher entered section thirty-five, and settled upon it in 1805. He built a grist-mill in the west part of the section, the necessary power for which he obtained by digging a ditch from Bull run to Pike Hole run. Brancher died in 1822, and left, at his death, a large family surviving him.   Christopher Holderman came from Chester county, Pennsylvania, with his family of wife and three daughters, in June, 1805. He bought and settled upon a farm of two hundred and four acres, in the north part, section thirty-four, called the "Monnett section." In 1823, he moved to the place now occupied by his son, George Holderman. He died, February 22, 1838, aged nearly sixty-four, and his wife in 1856, aged seventy-six. They raised fourteen children--seven boys and seven girls—and eight are now living. George Holderman, who occupies the homestead, was born December 20, 1812, and married Mary Jones, November 12, 1835. She is a daughter of Aaron Jones, and was born January 25, 1817. Mr. and Mrs. Holder-man have five children living and one deceased.   John Shoemaker, previously mentioned, after his return to Berks county, married Elizabeth Huy, from near Reading, Pennsylvania, and moved out in 1806. He made his location in section three, half a mile south of Tarlton, his son, Joseph Shoemaker, now occupying a part of the farm. Afterwards, he bought the land on which Tarlton now stands, of Newell, after which he lived where Wiley's hotel now stands. He was out for a brief period in the war of 1812, during which he was taken sick, and came home and died soon after. Mrs. Shoemaker subsequently became the wife of Dr. Otis Ballard, by whom she had two children. There were two sons and a daughter by the first marriage. The daughter married Dr. William B. Hawks, and resides in Columbus, and the sons, Joseph and Isaac, live at Tarlton.   Samuel Lybrand moved in with his family soon after Mr. Shoemaker, and settled at Newellstown (now Tarlton). Two daughters of the family are now living in Tarlton.   John Burns and family came from Kentucky to Ohio in 1797, and settled in Colerain township, Ross county. His son, Joseph Burns, and step-son, Samuel Fowler, had come out a year or so before. John Burns soon removed to Salt Creek township, Pickaway county, locating where Abram Heffner now lives, and died there in 1823. He had a family of ten children, of whom John Burns, now living in Salt Creek, at the age of eighty-seven or eighty-eight, is the sole survivor. The house of the family was once destroyed by fire, burning up the family record, and his exact age cannot be known. He married Sarah Queen, who died in 1865. They had but one child—Margaret, wife of Jacob Heffner. Mr. Burns was a soldier in the war of 1812.   Joseph Schoots, one of the earliest of the pioneers, settled on the northwest quarter of section thirty- three. He emigrated from Virginia and died on his original location, at an advanced age. He was a substantial and worthy citizen.   Benjamin Kepner and Henry Mathias were among the earliest of the settlers on Scippo creek. They settled in section six.   John Judy and family, of Berks county, Pennsylvania, settled in section twenty-eight, on what is known as the Rhodes farm, in the fall of 1805. While residing there three of the family died—the mother and two sons—and the remnant of the family moved to the southeast quarter of section twelve. The father died here, and his son, Peter, bought the place and occupied it until a few years since, when he sold the most of it to his son, J. B. Judy, retaining about thirty acres on the east end of the farm, where he recently died, aged eighty-four. He was the father of ten children, as follows, mentioned in the order of their birth: Caroline (widow of Jacob Wolf), lives in Fairfield county; Diana (Mrs. William H. Hart), lives in Hocking county; Elizabeth (Mrs. John Wann), in Salt Creek; Mary (afterwards Mrs. Cyrus W. Houston), is dead; John B. married Margaret Ann Gougar, and resides on the homestead; Henry and Catharine (Mrs. Henry Gearhart), in Fairfield county; Sarah (unmarried), lives with her mother; Barbara (Mrs. Cornelius More), lives in Franklin county; and William, on the old homestead.   John Reichelderfer and family, and his son John and family, came to Salt Creek from Berks county, Pennsylvania, in 1806. The two families moved into a cabin which stood where the brick residence of George S. Hosler stands. John, jr., and family shortly afterwards moved on to the farm now owned by Augustus Rose.   The two oldest daughters of John Reichelderfer, sr., (Catharine and Barbara) were the wives respectively of Conrad Brancher and Jacob Spangler. The former came to Salt Creek with her husband in 1805, as before   252 - HISTORY OF FRANKLIN AND PICKAWAY COUNTIES, OHIO.   mentioned, and the latter a year or two after the rest of the family, and settled with her husband on section number nine. The other daughters, who married after they came here, were: Mary, wife of Jacob Strous; Elizabeth, wife of William Stumpf, and Susan, wife of Samuel Feterolph.   Henry Reichelderfer married Nancy Bussard, and settled just north of his father's location. Samuel G. Lutz married his daughter for his first wife. Christian Reichelderfer married Rebecca Boucher and settled east of it. Jacob returned to Pennsylvania, a few years after his arrival here, and married Rebecca Leonard, when he came out with his wife to Salt Creek, and settled on the northeast quarter of section twenty-three. Ile resided there until his death, June 25, 1875. His wife died in 1856. They had five children, as follows: Sarah, now the widow of Samuel Reichelderfer; Elizabeth, wife of Jeremiah Strasser, of Berks county, Pennsylvania; Venus, who married Leannah Mowery, died September 19, 1856. His widow married again, and now lives in Allen county, this State. Henry died in 1854.   Samuel Noble was an early settler, half a mile south of Tarlton. He was from Franklin county, Pennsylvania. He was an excellent citizen, and was an elder in the Presbyterian church of Tarlton.   John Harmon and wife, from Northumberland county, Pennsylvania, settied two miles west of Tarlton, where Ira Moody now lives, in the year 1806. Mrs. Harmon died many years ago, but he lived until within a few days of ninety years of age, dying in December, 1875. They had seven children, all of whom were born in this township. They were: David, John, Elizabeth, Susan, Leah, Samuel and Rachel. John, now nearly seventy-one years of age, is a resident of this township, as is also a sister, Mrs. Karshner. He married Rosanna Christy, and has two children. John Harmon, sr., was a blacksmith, and was a hard-working, industrious man.   Henry Wissler* came from Lancaster county, Pennsylvania, with his family, consisting of his wire and ten children, in August, 1806. He had purchased, previously, over eleven hundred acres of land of John Shoemaker, in the southwest part of the township, for which he paid five dollars per acre. He moved into a cabin which stood just across the road from where the residence of Samuel Wissler now stands, and which was occupied by a squatter family by the name of Sweigert. In a few months Mr. Wissler built a two-story log house on the location of the former shanty, and resided there until his death, about the year 1830. His. wife died in 181i. One child was born to them after their settlement. To each of his eleven children he gave one hundred and five acres of land. There are eight surviving children. Henry lives in Iowa; George lives in Illinois; Barbara (now Mrs. Weldy) in Indiana; Samuel resides in this township, in section thirty-two—he married Margaret Bunn, and has five children, one being deceased; Jacob also lives in Salt Creek; Magdalene (now Mrs. Biechler) in Iowa; Mary (Mrs. Wolf) in Marion county; Mi-   * Some of the descendants write it Whisler.   chael, who is deceased, married Rebecca Vangundy, and, after living in several places, settled where his son, Amos, now lives, and resided there until his cloth, June 30, 1865, aged seventy-five years. His wife preceded him a few years. They had a family of ten children, seven of whom are living.   The same year Abram Dreisbach and family joined the settlement. He first located where Allen Drum now lives, then moved to Tarlton, or near it, where he resided five years, when they settled in Fairfield county. He finally returned to this township, however, and died here at the house of his son-in-law, Joseph Foust, about the year 1840. Two sons and two daughters are living.   Henry Drum and family of wife and six children, from Berks county, Pennsylvania, settled in Salt Creek in 1806. He bought one hundred acres in section five, on which he erected his cabin. He subsequently entered the entire half of the section, and also lands in Fairfield county. He died in 1808, and was buried on his farm. His was among the earliest deaths in this portion of the township. His wife survived him a few years. Their son Henry, the eldest of the family, married Susannah Loughsbaugh, and settled in the same section where William Drum, his son, now lives. Near the place is a spring, which used to be a favorite resort of the Indians. A walnut tree, which stood there until a few years since, plainly showed that it had been used as a target by the Indians in their tomahawk and shooting practice. Henry Drum was the father of four children, one of whom is deceased. William, the youngest, when married, bought the farm of his father, who then moved into Fairfield county. He died at the residence of his son William, in the spring of 1861. He served in the war of 1812, being one of the forty-days men. His wife died in 1872. William Drum has a family of wife and four children, two boys and two girls: Josephus lives in Upper Sandusky; Mary Ann, wife of Captain Henry Hinson, of Circleville; Allen lives in this township; and Emma (Mrs. Walter Gray) resides in Washington township.   Abraham Heffner moved into the township from Pennsylvania, in the spring of 1807. The family lived during the ensuing summer in their covered wagon-box, a short distance north of the present residence of George Halderman. In this curious habitation the son, David, was born, November 3d, of the same year. Shortly after this event the family moved to that part of the township called Prairie View, where they settled on forty acres of land. The father died some twelve years since, in his ninetieth year, and the mother nearly four years before. They had eleven children. David Heffner, now residing in Washington township, married Lydia Bear, whose father, Peter Bear, was an early pioneer of Salt Creek.   Nicholas Whitesel and family came to Ohio from Virginia, in the year 1807, and after a short residence in Deer Creek, Fairfield county, located in the northeast corner of Salt Creek. He had a distillery on the Moccason in an early day. Considerable sickness prevailing in the family in this location, another was subsequently selected on higher ground. There were five children in the family, four of whom grew up—three sons and a   HISTORY OF FRANKLIN AND PICKAWAY COUNTIES, OHIO - 253   daughter. The sons, George, Phillip and Jacob were in the war of 1812. Jacob married, June 12, 1821, Elizabeth Thomas, whose father, George Thomas, emigrated to Ohio from Pennsylvania, in the fall of 1817, settling in Salt Creek.   Jacob Whitesel settled on the place now occupied by his son, Archibald, and continued to live there until his death, July 25, 1871. His widow still survives, and resides in Tarlton, aged about seventy-nine. Of their seven children, four are yet living, to wit: Mrs. William Dreisbach; Elizabeth, unmarried; Archibald, on the old homestead,; and Mrs. Israel Dunn, in Fairfield county.   Abraham Heffner moved in about 1807 or 1808, and settled on the northeast quarter of section thirty-two.   In 1808 David Foust settled where Adelphi now stands, and a few years after moved to Circleville. He built the old court house there. He finally returned to Salt Creek, and died here. He was the father of ten children. His son, Joseph, now nearly eighty years of age, lives in this township.   Jacob Foust came to Ohio in a very early day, as early as 1800, and lived in Salt Creek for a number of years, on section twenty-five, when he moved to Delaware, county, seven miles above the village of Delaware. He finally settled near Cardington, Morrow (then Marion) county, where he died in 1842, his wife surviving him some three years.   Andrew Foust, now living at Tarlton, was the youngest of eleven children. He came to Pickaway county and learned the carpenter's trade, after which he married, in May, 1831, and settled on the line in Fairfield county, near where John H. Zaring now lives, west of Tarlton. About twenty years ago he removed to this township, locating in Tarlton, where he has since resided. He was elected to the State legislature in 1844, as a Democratic representative from Fairfield county, and re-elected in 1845. In 1850 he was elected State senator, serving one term. During his residence in Fairfield he served as justice of the peace twenty-one years, and in this township two terms. He is now seventy years of age.   In 1811, Martin, John, George, Samuel, Benjamin, Henry, Jonathan, and Jonas Dreisbach, brothers, came from Union county, Pennsylvania. The first three were married, and brought their families. Martin settled in Ross county, John in Pickaway township, and George in Salt Creek, on the banks of the Scippo. The other brothers married, and two—Samuel and Henry—settled in this county. George Dreisbach died on his original location in 1863. His son, William, occupies the old homestead, and is the only member of the family living in the State.   Peter Spyker and family, a brother-in-law of the Dreisbachs, came out with them in 1811. He settled on Salt creek, on the farm now owned by D. K. Wilson. Mrs. Darius Pierce, of Circleville, is the only member of the family now living.   Jacob Sayler, son of Jacob Sayler previously mentioned, came from Somerset county, Pennsylvania, during the war of 1812. He settled at Tarlton, on the same. lot on which Christopher Myers had settled, and was one of the pioneer merchants of Tarlton. He was twice married, and .became the father of sixteen children, of whom eight are yet living. Adam, the oldest son by the first wife, lives at Tarlton, and is the only member of the family living in the township. Jacob Sayler died in Vinton county, at the residence of his son Orlando, aged about ninety years.   Godfrey Creamer and family emigrated from Wittemberg, Germany, to the United States, in 1817. After living for three years on the High Banks, twelve miles below Chillicothe, Ohio, they came to Salt Creek. He changed his location several times, but finally purchased twenty acres and settled on Moccason creek, section eleven, having lived for nine years previous in Clear Creek township, Fairfield county. He resided on the Moccason thirteen years, when he sold out to his son, with whom he lived until his death, which occurred in May, 1860, in his eighty-third year.   Godfrey Creamer was a soldier under Napoleon Bona- parte for seven years, and participated in twenty-seven battles. The family suffered many hardships after their arrival in this country, their goods being sold for their passage on their arrival. There were eleven children, five of whom grew up and were married. Four are living—Joshua, the youngest, in this township. He married Amanda Whisler, June 4, 1844, and settled on Moccason creek, section eleven, where he lived for twenty years, when he moved to where he now lives, in section five.   Andrew Delong came from Schuylkill county, Pennsylvania, and arrived in Colerain township, Ross county, July 4, 1830, where his brother, Jacob Delong, then lived. The same fall he moved to Salt Creek and settled in section thirty-five, where his son, Isaac Delong, now lives. He died there in 1841, but his widow is still living in Colerain, having reached the age of ninety-five years on July 12, 1879. They had eleven children, six now living, namely, Mrs. Rebecca Roose (widow), in Tarlton; Isaac, who married, December 17, 1841, Catharine Haynes, of Salt Creek township, Hocking county, and has four children living and two dead; Mrs. Catharine Wiggins, in Colerain; Caroline, wife of Conrad Ready, in Lawrence, Kansas; Sarah, wife of Samuel Betzer, in Colerain; and Amelia, widow of Erastus Reynolds, in Hallsville, Colerain township. Mrs. Delong has in her possession a flint-lock double-barreled rifle, made in Berks county, Pennsylvania, in 1812.   George Riegel, with his family, consisting of his wife and seven children, emigrated. to Ohio from Berks county, Pennsylvania, in 1832. He remained in this township for about eight months, and then bought land and settled in Fairfield county. Solomon, the third son, and now among the older residents of the township, married Mary M. Dunkel, in October, 1834, and for a few years lived on a part of his father's farm in Fairfield. He subsequently purchased a farm in Hancock county, and was engaged in farming, milling, and dealing in ,stock for nine or ten years. In 1859 he moved to Salt Creek, and located where his son, Solomon D., now lives. He resided there about fifteen years, when, after   254 - HISTORY OF FRANKLIN AND PICKAWAY COUNTIES, OHIO.   a few months' residence in Circleville, he took up his abode where he now lives. Mr. Riegel has done much for the material improvement of the township, having built a large number of excellent dwellings and other buildings, and been instrumental in the construction of the pikes in this portion of the county.   Peter Frederick, now living with his son William, in this township, was born August 6, 1801. His father, Jacob Frederick, was a pioneer of Greene township, Ross county, where he settled in 1804, removing from Buffalo Alley, Pennsylvania. Peter Frederick married, April II, 1825, Catharine Zimmerman, who died September 1, 1867. He has two children living and two dead.   EARLY SCHOOLS.   In regard to the early schools of Salt Creek, the writer has been unable to obtain exact information. A schoolhouse, probably the first in the township, was built in 1803 or 1804, on the southwest quarter of section twenty-four. About the same time, in Tarlton, a rude log structure was erected near the site of the present Methodist Episcopal church. The first term of school in this house was kept by a. man by the name of Mitchell.   The first school in the southwest part of the township was kept in a log school-house, on the farm of Joseph Schools, in section thirty-three. One of the early teachers there was Timothy Beach.   CH URCH HISTORY.   The first religious society organized in the township was probably the Baptist church, in the southwest part, formed as early as 18.05. It was called Salt'Creek Baptist church until 1812, when, the Lemuel church uniting with it, the name of Union was substituted. The meetings of the society were at first held at the dwellings of the members, but a meeting-house was soon after built on section twenty-eight. it was constructed of hickory logs, and is now generally referred to as the "old hickory church."   The brick church at "prairie view" was erected in 1841 or 1842, at a cost of about two thousand dollars. Rev. Benjamin Case was the first pastor of the society, and is supposed to have organized it.   A German Reformed church was organized at Tarlton about the year 1807, by the Rev. George Wise, of Lancaster, Ohio. About the same time a German Lutheran society was formed, and the two societies shortly afterwards united in the erection of a log meeting-house, which stood on the lot now occupied by the dwelling of Mrs. Whitesel. About 1830 they put up a log-and-frame building where the frame church of the German Lutherans now stands, which was built by the latter society about 1860, the German Reformed society having previously erected the brick church now owned by the Cumberland Presbyterians. The German Reformed society continued to prosper until sundry innovations upon established usage were introduced into the church by the pastor, Rev. Samuel Jacobs, who finally joined the Cumberland Presbyterians, taking most of his church with him. Litigation followed over the question of ownership of the church property, which resulted in favor of the new organization, and the remnant of the original society built a frame house in the southeast part of the village. The building was recently sold at sheriff's sale, to satisfy a claim which was contracted at the time of its erection, and the society has disbanded.   The Cumberland Presbyterians maintain an organization, but have no service at the present time. The Old School Presbyterians had an organization at Tarlton at an early period of the settlement, which existed for a number of years.   Rev. Jacob Leist, a Lutheran clergyman, was one of the earliest of the pioneer preachers of this region. He came to Salt. Creek in the early settlement of the township, being then a young man. He began preaching soon after his arrival, and continued in the ministry for a great many years. He preached his first sermon here in the old log meeting-house at Tarlton. The occasion brought out quite a large congregation, all anxious to see and hear the new preacher. When he entered the house his youthful appearance excited a good deal of surprise and some unfavorable comment among the audience. He proved, however, a valuable accession to the settlement, and, during the long period of his ministry, was highly esteemed for his moral worth. He married Elizabeth, daughter of Judge Shoemaker, and fixed his residence where the little hamlet of Leistville now stands, residing there until his death.   JERUSALEM CHURCH,   a German Reformed Lutheran society, was organized by Revs. Messrs. Wise and Leist, about the year 1820. A school-house then stood where the burying ground now is, in the northeast corner of section twenty-six, and in it the church held their services until 1831, when a brick house of worship was built. The present neat brick church was erected in 1877, and cost three thousand dollars. Rev. Henry King and Rev. Jacob Leist—the former a Reformed minister and the latter a Lutheran--preached for the church for upwards of twenty-five years. The present preachers are Austin Henry and David Wiseman.   The Sabbath-school of this church is in a flourishing condition, having about one hundred scholars. William Markle is the superintendent.   In 1819 or 1820, members of the German Reformed and Lutheran denominations residing in the western part of the township, built a log meeting-house, and held meetings there for a number of years, although no organization was ever effected. A United Brethren society was subsequently formed there, and occupied the house for some years, when it disbanded, and the meeting-house finally burned down.   THE DREISBACH UNITED BRETHREN CHURCH   was organized at the house of George Dreisbach (where his son, William Dreisbach, now lives), about the year 1820. The members were George Dreisbach and wife, Henry Dreisbach and wife, John Dreisbach, Elizabeth Whetsel, and a few others, whose names are now forgotten. This appointment was, and is still, on the Pick-away circuit, which originally embraced some thirty appointments, but now has only four. The regular   HISTORY OF FRANKLIN AND PICKAWAY COUNTIES, OHIO - 255   services of the class were held at the dwelling of George Dreisbach, every other Sabbath, until 1835, when the present brick church was erected, which is locacated on the north line of the township. Revs. Louis Kramer, Jacob Antrim, John Russell, Joseph Hoffman, Jacob Daup, — Benedum, and Henry Kumler, were among the early preachers on this circuit. The membership of the church is now about twenty, George W. Devers, of Tarlton, being the pastor.   THE METHODIST EPISCOPAL CHURCH AT TARLTON.   The first meetings of the Methodists in Salt Creek were held at a very early date, at the house of Abraham Monett. They kept up their meetings a number of years, and probably formed a class.   The date of the organization of the class at Tarlton cannot be stated, but it was in existence as early as 1825. The circuit was then Adelphi circuit, Chillicothe district. It embraced twenty appointments, in Pickaway, Vinton, Ross, Fairfield, and Hocking counties. In 1841 Tarlton circuit was formed, from Adelphi, with seven appointments—Tarlton and Haller's chapels being the only two in this county. In 1870 South Perry circuit was taken off from Tarlton, leaving the latter with the following appointments : Tarlton, Hopewell, Amanda, and Oakland—the last three in Fairfield county.   The church at Tarlton first held their meetings in a log school-house, which .stood just south of where the present church building stands. It was built soon after the class was formed, and was used until 1840, when the present house was erected.   The following is a list of the circuit preachers who have officiated at this point, in the order named, namely: On the Adelphi circuit—E. H. Field, George C. Crum, William Westlake, Philip Nation, John Stuart, John W. White, John Stuart, Wesley Roe, Benjamin Ellis, David Lewis, Benjamin Ellis, J. B. Austin, Charles C. Lybrand, Richard Daughty, James Parsons, and Richard Daughty.   The first preacher, after the formation of the Tarlton circuit, was Daniel Poe. There are several curious circumstances in his life worthy of mention. He was, in early life, a missionary among the Indians on the western frontier, and while there met the young lady (also engaged in mission work) who subsequently became his wife. Poe was a man of stalwart frame, standing six feet and two inches in his stockings, and his wife was nearly his equal in stature. He was a twin child, and so was she, and, lastly, they died within fifteen minutes of each other, and both are buried in one grave. Poe was on the circuit one year, when he went to Texas as a missionary, and died there two years afterwards. Mr. Poe was followed by Messrs. James Laws, Alexander Morrow, Joseph Morris, David H. Sargent, John M. Clark, Andrew Carrol, E. T. Webster, John W. Steele, McCutcheon, Gortner, Fink, Howard, Bennett, Anderson, Kirkman, G. G. West, L. Whitehead, John 1'. Miller, Isaac F. King, Benjamin Ellis, John T. Miller, Andrew Carrol, Benjamin Ellis, Thomas R. Taylor, W. C. Filler, B. Wolfe, Ross, Sibley, Weir, Ebright, Hall, Hanawalt, Thomas Hall, Pickets, McClintock, T. S. Thurston, Isaac Mackey, and Mr. Berry, the present ministor.   The presiding elders have been John Collins, Augustus Eddy, John Ferree, Joseph M. Trimble, David Whitcomb, Robert 0. Spencer, John M. Clark, Jamison, Z. Connell, D. Mather, John W. White, B. Spahr, W. T. Harvey, and Thomas Hall.   The church has, at present, a membership of about one hundred and twenty, and a Sunday-school of about one hundred and thirty, including officers and teachers.   ENGLISH EVANGELICAL LUTHERAN CHURCH,   at Tarlton, was formed by Rev. Nathan B. Little, in the year 1835, with about thirty members. The society occupied the Old School Presbyterian church building as a place of worship until 1841, when they erected a house of their own, at Tarlton, which they have since used. Rev. Mr. Little was the first pastor of the church, and has been succeeded, respectively, by Revs. Messrs. Bishop, Weddell, Kleim, Reck, Imhoff, Myers, Hill, Sprecher, Miller, Hower, and Hershiser, whose term of service has not at this writing expired. The church has a membership of about sixty, and a Sabbath-school with an attendance of about fifty. The officers are: William N. Julian and Joseph Hedges, trustees ; Joseph Boyer and Joseph Hedges, elders; James Ballard and James H. Hedges, deacons ; James H. Hedges, treasurer.   THE UNITED BRETHREN CHURCH,   at Tarlton, was organized in 1840, or about that time, by Revs. Lewis Ambrows and Joshua Montgomery, and consisted of eight members, as follows : John Boysel and wife, Jacob Larick and wife, Israel Zimmerman, Mahala Kinser, and two others, whose names cannot now be remembered. The building was erected two or three years after, and stands just north of the county line. Before the erection of the church, the society held its services at the house of Mr. Larick. The church was formerly quite prosperous, the membership numbering at one time seventy-three. There are now only about half a dozen members. Rev. George Devers is the pastor, and John Boysel is leader.   THE OAK GROVE METHODIST EPISCOPAL CHURCH   came into being in the year 1858; by a union of the Warren school-house class and that at Haller's chapel. The church building was put up that summer, and dedicated the same fall by Rev. Mr. Felton. The church is, at present, without a regular pastor, but is supplied with preaching by the Methodist clergyman from Adelphi. Mrs. Nancy Steele is superintendent of the Sunday-school, which numbers fifty scholars.   THE CUMBERLAND PRESBYTERIAN CHURCH,   at Prairie View, was organized by Rev. Archibald Brice, at the Oak Grove Methodist Episcopal church, in February, 1859, and consisted of ten or eleven members. Until the completion of their house of worship, in the fall of 1860, the services of the society were held in the frame school-house, which stood where the brick one now does, west of the Oak Grove church. The present pastor, Rev. Michael Dent, has officiated in that capacity   256 - HISTORY OF FRANKLIN AND PICKAWAY COUNTIES, OHIO.   since the church building was erected, though Mr. Brice has preached occasionally in the meantime.   In 1877 a similar society was formed at Laurelville, in Hocking county, by the members of this church, resident in that vicinity, which diminished the church to about one-half its previous membership. The officers of the church are : William Frederick and Ovid Lutz, elders ; Lewis Lecher and Emory Anderson, deacons. A Sabbath-school has existed since the organization of the church, and the first few years was very flourishing. Thomas Harmon is the present superintendent.   THE EVANGELICAL ASSOCIATION,   at Pleasant View, was formed by Rev. S. E. Rife, in January, 1875, and consisted of about twenty members. The building was erected the following summer. Rev. Mr. Rife was the first pastor, since whom Revs. Messrs. Hankey, Wingard, Ellenberger, Munn, Rineholt, and Evans have officiated. The leaders are W. B. Miesse and James Wilkins ; steward, Moses Imler ; trustees, Imler, Wilkins, Friese, Heffner, and Meisse. There has been a Sabbath-school since the organization of the -church, with the exception of the last winter. William White is the present superintendent.   Tarlton lodge No. 218, I. 0. 0. F., was organized March 16, 1853. The first officers were : J. W. Steele, N. G.; J. Metzler, V. G.; Sylvester V. Tiror, secretary; Archibald Lybrand, treasurer. The present officers are: Allen Dreisbach, N. G.; J. B. Judy, V. G.; S. Defenbach, secretary : John H. Zaring, treasurer.   The first person buried in the Stumpf burying-ground was Jane Defenbaugh, who died in October, 1804. She and her mother came out from Pennsylvania soon after Adam Defenbaugh, a brother of Jane, settled at Laurelville. She sickened and died soon after her arrival. Her brother and Jacob Strouse cut down a cherry tree, and sawed out a few boards, with which Samuel Spangler made a rude coffin for the deceased girl. The ground for her burial was donated by George Dunkel.   FIRST FRAME BUILDING.   The first frame building erected in the township was the dwelling of John Shoemaker, in Tarlton, now standing in the southwest part of the village, but originally near the location of the present residence of Mr. Ballard. The raising of the frame of the building was an event of such importance as to call out all the men for miles around.   MILLS.   The first saw-mill in Salt Creek township was built by John Lutz, on Moocason creek, in section thirteen. The earliest ojt Salt creek were those of Dunkel and Stumpf, near Adelphi, and the Reichelderfers' (John and Christian), near the present residence of Mr. Hosler.   The early settlers obtained their grinding at Crouse's mill, in the vicinity of Chillicothe. The mill was a small affair, and considerable time would be consumed in making a trip to mill. At a later date the settlers got their grist ground at Van Gundy's mill, on the Kinnickkinnick.   A grist-mill, in this township, was built by Jacob Strous, on Salt creek, in 1820, where the mill of David H. Strous now stands. The original building now stands a few rods west of its former location, and is used by Mr. Strous as a general workshop. The present grist-mill was erected by Jacob Strous, in 1831. The saw-mill was built in 1825, and the carding machine in 1844. These works are all run by water power.   The following is contributed by William W. Julian, of Tarlton :   In the year 1810 or 1811 Abraham Barnet erected a saw-mill on Salt creek, at Tarlton. This saw-mill was of simple design, being driven by the common flutter wheel, and was thus run until about the year 1815. The property was then purchased by George Wolf, who improved the mill by the addition of a tread-wheel, and the introduction of a shingle machine, capable of manufacturing five hundred shingles per hour. Mr. Wolf being a man of considerable enterprise, and having had some success, concluded to build a flouring mill, in addition to the saw-mill, and, in due time, the flouring mill was built, and in running order. But now the enterprising pioneer discovered that the new addition necessitated additional propelling power, as the tread-wheel and water power, combined, was insufficient to run the works at all seasons of the year ; and, to obviate this difficulty, resort was had to a very novel and hazardous experiment with steam power, which, in the end, proved disastrous. To carry out this new design, Wolf associated with him, in business, Timothy and Benjamin Beach, who were the principal designers of the steam works to be added. The preliminaries being settled, the steam works were at once built, but were soon to decay. An accurate description of the steam works cannot now be given, there being no person now living whose recollection is clear enough to give the requisite facts concerning them ; nevertheless, from the best information now attainable, the steam design must have been about as follows : there being an over-shot wheel attached to the flouring mill, the design was to return the water from below the wheel to the forebay, in times of low water, by means of steam power ; and, to accomplish this object, a stout box, or water receptacle, was placed low under the water-wheel. This box was divided into three parts or divisions ; two of these separate parts had pistons working into them. Into the third division of the box was inserted the conductor, to convey the water to the forebay, above. This conductor was of peculiar construction, and made in the following manner : a sycamore log, of some twenty inches in diameter, and of proper length, was secured ; a hole was bored through the center, the log then set on end, and fire set to burning, until the hole was enlarged to about eight inches diameter. This hollow log was then fitted into the third division of the water box (as above stated), which contained suitable valves for receiving and holding the water. Steam was conducted from the boiler into the first two divisions of the box having the piston heads. Arrangements had been made to shift the steam, so that, when one piston was forced down, the other would rise and fill with water from below—the downward piston forcing the water up the hollow log, and so on. All things being now ready, steam was turned on, but, to the surprise of the projectors, no water appeared above. The disappointment did not discourage these enterprising spints, who persevered until the temperature of the steam receptacles was raised so as not to condense the steam suddenly ; after which they had the gratification of seeing a small amount of water flow into the forebay from the hollow log. The proprietors now, for the first time, clearly discovered their mistake, and the steam enterprise was abandoned. These attempts at steam power, in all probability, were made during the year 183o-31. From this date to 1865, this property' passed through several hands, in the following order : George Wilbern, Jacob Lane, William Brown, Samuel Bitler, Kilion H. Dunkel, and Albert Wolf, who, in the year 1865, placed the engine which is now in the mill, and is still in good running order. Wolf conveyed the property to John Boysel, Boysel to William Dreisbach & Co., Dreisbach to present owners, Buechler & Kramer.   The Tarlton steam saw-mill was built in the year 1849, by a joint-stock company. The original design was what is known as a muley mill. This mill has passed through many hands, and many changes have been made. The mill is now what is known as a stationary circular mill. The original engine, which was built by Gilbert Deval, of Lancaster, Ohio, is still in the mill, and in good order.   POST-OFFICE.   The first post-office in the township was established at Tarlton, some time prior to the war of 1812.. The postmaster was Samuel Lybrand, who kept the office in his   HISTORY OF FRANKLIN AND PICKAWAY COUNTIES, OHIO - 257   dwelling, the house now occupied by Adam Kramer. The post-office route was from Chillicothe to Zanesville, and Israel Wheeler was the earliest carrier of the mail from Chillicothe to Tarlton whose name can now be remembered. Wheeler was drowned while fording Salt creek, on horseback, in the performance of his duties.   Adam Nye succeeded Lybrand, according to the best recollection of the oldest residents, and held the position until Jackson was elected, when the new departure in civil service, based upon the "to-the-victors-belong-thespoils" system was inaugurated. Nye had the office in his tavern.   Squire George W. Magee was the next postmaster, keeping the office in the house now occupied by widow Bond. After serving five or six years, he was succeeded by his son, James, who continued in the position for a couple of years. Since the younger Magee, the following named individuals have successively officiated as postmaster of the Tarlton office, viz.: Henry S. Creal, Otis Ballard, F. W. Nye, Joel Todd, Samuel Karshner, N. A. Davison, E. D. Norton, James C. Creager, and William C. Roberts, the present incumbent.   There are now also post-offices at Leistville and Stringtown, of which G. W. Corn and William Crites are the respective postmasters.   In the apportionment of justices of the peace, April 6, 180, Salt Creek had two, viz.: Jacob Lutz and William Drury. By act of the legislature, passed March 7, 1843, that part of Adelphi in Salt Creek township was attached to Ross county. The early records of the township have been lost, and we are unable to give the names of the first township officers. The present township officers are as follows: Allen S. Mowery, clerk; William H. Mowery, Willison B. Miesse, Joseph Boyer, trustees; John F. Mowery, treasurer; Henry North, assessor; S. G. Morgan and A. C. Thomas, constables.   PHYSICIANS.   The earliest doctors who practiced in the township came from Chillicothe and Lancaster. The first doctor who resided within the township was a Dr. Waldo, of whom we can learn nothing further than his name.   In 1817, Dr. Otis Ballard settled at Tarlton, arriving from Massachusetts. He soon after began the practice of his profession, and continued with success until about 1842, when he was compelled, on account of poor health, to discontinue it. He married the widow of John Shoemaker, and lived where Wiley's tavern now stands. A biographical sketch of Dr. Ballard is given elsewhere.   The present physicians are Dr. J. J. Baker and Dr. J. R. Kelch. The former derived his medical education at Ohio college, Cincinnati; practiced ten years in Muskingum county, and then came to Tarlton, where he is now engaged in the practice of his profession.   Dr. Kelch graduated at Starling medical college, Columbus, in the session of 1863-4, having practiced nine years previously. He was first assistant surgeon in the One Hundred and Fifty-first Ohio volunteer infantry during a part of the rebellion, and for a few months of the war was at Camp Chase, acting as assistant surgeon United States army. In August, 1865, he located in Tarlton, where he has since continued in practice.   TARLTON.   is situated on Salt creek, on the north line of the township, and contains about five hundred inhabitants. It was laid out about the year 180 1, by Benjamin Newell, and was first called Newellstown. The log cabin of Christopher Myers, which stood on the brow of the hill, just west of Mr. Ballard's, was the first building erected in the place. The first store was opened by a man by the name of McLane, whose location was on the lot now occupied by Kimes Brothers. Jacob Sayler kept the next store on the same lot on which the cabin of Myers stood. Samuel Lybrand, William and Stephen Julian, and Singleton & Carr, were also early traders here.   The first tavern was kept by John Shoemaker, in his log dwelling, where Wiley's hotel now stands. A man by the name of Markwood kept an early tavern in the east end of the village. Adam J. Nye settled at Tarlton soon after the close of the war of 1812, and for many years kept the tavern now conducted by Hedges. He was also in trade here, for many years. The road through Tarlton was once the principal route from Kentucky to the east, and General Jackson and Henry Clay used to stop there on their way to the seat of government.   There are, at the present time, in Tarlton, six churches, one union school, three general stores, four groceries, one drug store, one tin shop, two shoemakers, two tanneries, one grist-mill and saw-mill, four blacksmith shops, two taverns, three millinery shops, one undertaker's shop, one harness shop and one meat market. The large number of churches in the place sufficiently attests its moral character.   BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCHES,   OTIS BALLARD, M. D.   Tarlton received a valuable acquisition to its list of substantial, useful men, in the person of Dr. Otis Ballard. For whatever benefit his residence in their midst conferred upon the people of the village, and of Salt Creek township, they were indebted to one of those so-called accidents of fate, which, at the time of their occurrence, are regarded as unimportant vexations.   Dr. Ballard was born at Charlemont, Massachusetts, October 10, 1792, and there passed the years of his boyhood and early manhood. He studied medicine with Dr. Bryant, the father of the famous poet, William Cullen Bryant, and when twenty-0ne years of age, started for the great unknown west to find a place where he could establish himself in his profession. He left home in March, 1817, and upon the fourth of July, arrived at the place which he afterwards made his home. It had not been his intention to go so far west, but destiny had so decreed, or chance decided. He was unable to find his brother, whom he had expected to meet in New York   33   258 - HISTORY OF FRANKLIN AND PICKAWAY COUNTIES, OHIO.   State, and so pushed on into Ohio, then almost a wilderness. He intended to locate then in Zanesville, but, again, circumstances interfered. There was no opening there for a young physician. The only thing that remained for him to do, was to journey on until he found a place where his professional services were needed. Such a place was Tarlton. He immediately began there the practice of medicine. It was in a small way, to be sure; but it was a beginning, and as such, was welcomed. The professional services of the young pioneer physician were for sometime only called into requisition in a few families in the neighborhood, but as he became better acquainted, and favorable reports of his understanding and skill went forth, his ride became constantly larger, and his practice finally became as extensive as he could wish for ; it fully occupied his time. This practice was continued unbroken by any extended absences until as late as 1842, when the doctor experienced a slight decline of health, which became gradually more severe, until he had violent hemorrhage of the lungs, which threatened to destroy his life. He recovered complete health, however, and retained it almost unimpaired until within a short time preceding his death.   Other occupations than the practice of medicine claimed Dr. Ballard's attention. He had a farm of two hundred and fifty acres in Tarlton, and a larger one in Fairfield, for grazing purposes, and engaged in various business projects of mercantile and other nature, having active partners, who attended to the details. He raised much fine stock, and carried on an extensive business in buying and selling. In his later years he was one of the directors of .the Hocking Valley bank of Lancaster. Beside his professional duties and the attention given to farming and business interests he—being a man of large public spirit—devoted much time and effort to the furtherance of such measures as were proposed from time to time for the moral or material advancement of the community. When any project of improvement was advanced, he gave it warm support. He was one of the most zealous of those who endeavored to effect some means of railroad communication between Tarlton and neighboring centers of trade, that the farmers might have an advantageous outlet for the products of the soil, always so well tilled.   Dr. Ballard was a devotedly religious man, and was one of the founders of the English Lutheran church, in Tarlton, of Which he was, during the remainder of his life, a prominent member and liberal supporter.   Politically, he was a Whig, and then a Republican, and strong union man during the war. Although not a politician, he was a close observer of political action, and very positive in his convictions.   Dr. Ballard's strong characteristics were energy, the habit of doing with his might, and to his best ability, whatever he undertook, good judgment, strong common sense, strict integrity of purpose, and a generous disposition. He was not an educated man, in the commonly accepted meaning of that term, but he was a close observer, was well-read., and had a good knowledge of men and affairs.   Dr. Ballard died November 11, 1878, at the age of eighty-six years, one month and one day, and his death caused a general and wide-spread feeling of sorrow, and bereavement. His sickness was brief, and not excessively painful, and the end was approached imperfect peace, and n a manner fitting the character of the life that was closed.   In 1823, the doctor took as his wife Elizabeth, widow of John Shoemaker, formerly Miss Huy, of Berks county, Pennsylvania, and born in 1789. She died February 14, 1863, fifteen years before her husband. The only children of this pair were James and William H., both now living, and residing in Tarlton, upon the site of their father's home. James Ballard was born June 12, 1826. His boyhood was passed at home, and when he arrived at the age at which he needed more advanced instruction than could be there had, his father sent him to Hudson to college. He remained there one year, and then went to Williams' college, at Williamstown, Massachusetts, where he graduated with the class of '50. His subsequent life has been .passed in Tarlton, where he has heen engaged in farming and other avocations. He married, August 28, 1860, Helen F. Dwinell, of Brattleboro, Vermont, by whom he has four children, viz. : Mary E., Helen E., James Otis and Edward S. Mr. Ballard's present residence was built in the Centennial year: His brother, William H. Ballard, was born June 25, 1829. He is a farmer by occupation.   SAMUEL LUTZ.   To live ninety years on earth is the lot of very few human beings. To find one's self, at ninety, with all one's physical senses and mental faculties unimpaired, and with an almost youthful vigor, both of body and mind, is an occurrence so rare and exceptional as properly to be considered a phenomenon. Yet this, without exaggeration, is the lot of Samuel Lutz. And the ninety years which he has lived, and for seventy-five of which he has been an interested student and-observer of human affairs, have been among the most eventful the world has ever seen. It is doubtful if, even in the civil and political history of the world, any previous era of equal length has been marked by so many important changes as those which have characterized the past ninety years. And, certain it is, that the discoveries and inventions in science and the useful arts, which have been made during the same period, exceed in number and magnitude those of any previous century. A bare enumeration of the great historical events and scientific discoveries which have passed under Mr. Lutz's careful, intelligent and studious observation, would occupy more space in these pages than that which the limits of our space necessarily prescribe for his biography.   Samuel Lutz was born March 13, 1789, in Upper Saucon township, Northumberland county, Pennsylvania. His parents were Jacob and Elizabeth (Demuth) Lutz, his mother being a native of Bucks county, Ad his father of Newton. They were married about the year 1787. His grandfather, Ulrich Lutz (also a native of Pcnnsyl-   HISTORY OF FRANKLIN AND PICKAWAY COUNTIES, OHIO - 259   vania), died about 1790; his great-grandfather (and first-known ancestor) emigrated from Germany to the same German-American State, near the year 1730. Notwithstanding their remote connection with the Father-land, the family have persevered in the use of the German language, down to the present generation.   At a family re-union held at the residence of Samuel Lutz, in Salt Creek township, October 15, 1877, to commemorate the seventy-fifth anniversary of the settlement of the family in that locality, John A. Lutz, one of the sons of Samuel Lutz, the only lawyer and professional writer thus far produced by the family, thus spoke of the family name and first-known progenitor :   “The name seems to be purely arbitrary, without any known significance, and, possibly, may have been obtained from the place of nativity, as there is a town in Germany called Lutzen [Luetzen, in German], noted in history as the place where the great battle was fought during the thirty years' war, in which the brave Gustavus Adolphus, king of Sweden, was killed. The name being quite common, both in Germany and in this country, is doubtless of remote antiquity, dating back, perhaps, to the days of Herman, or even Julius Caesar."   We would remind our friend Lutz, that there is a German provincial word, luetzel, meaning the same as the English adjective; "little," and doubtless only another form of that and the common German, leitel. Luetzel might easily have been contracted into luetz, and that transformed (by a slight change of spelling, frequently met with in Germany into lutz—thus furnishing the family name. This etymology derives a singular plausibility from the diminutive size which is said to be a striking characteristic of the Lutzes.   He proceeds in the following pleasant vein:   Baron Von Lutz, the minister of education of Austria, may be a descendant of the same ancestor, and simply had the title of nobility cast won him or his immediate ancestors, by some play of fortune, during some of the revolutions and political upheavals, which have taken place in Germany, in the last few centuries; for the venerable dame is somewhat capricious in the bestowment of her favors, and has been known to make noblemen out of plowmen. But if he is of the same ancestry, his lineage is so remote that, like a distant planet, the light reflected by him does not affect us in the least, either for good or evil.   Tradition has it, and we have accepted it as true history, that about the year 1730, a little old bachelor, by the name of Michael Lutz, came from Germany and settled in Northampton county, Pennsylvania. It is not known what part of Germany he came from, and it has been suggested that, herhaps, he was a natural son, and was silent as to his ancestry, or had not sense enough to tell where he came from.   He soon found that a different state of things obtained in this country. In the densely populated States of Germany, he might have been permitted to remain an old bachelor, and to waste his sweetness on the desert air; but here, where immense forests were to be cleared and the land brought into cultivation, towns and cities to be built, the increase of population was a very important item in political economy; and the policy of the colonies was not unlike that of Brigham Young—to utilize all propagating elements. He was admonished that no such moral and social delinquincy as bachelorhood could be tolerated. For some reason, he seemed to be unsuccessful in his efforts to obtain a wife, and therefore the elders of the church to which he belonged came to his relief, either from motives of brotherly kindness, or of public policy, and soon procured for him a wife. The issue of this union was two sons, and perhaps one or two daughters.   He purchased a small tract of land in Northampton county, on the south side of the Lehigh river, and not far from its mouth, upon which he lived the remainder of his days, and which is said to be still owned by one of his descendants. Of his history, only these few fragments have escaped oblivion. What became of his daughters, if they, or either of them, lived to years of maturity, and left any children, we do not know. His elder son was named, Benedict, and the younger Ulrich. Upon the death of the father, Benedict inherited, by laws which ob tamed in Pennsylvania, twice as much of his father's estate as Ulrich; and although the estate was small, there seems to have been enough to create a coldness between the brothers; and in consequence of this, the families separated, and but little intercourse passed between them.   Benedict Lutz lived to a great age, and died about the year 1818, in Pennsylvania. Some of his descendants are still living in Pennsylvania, but further than this we have no knowledge of them.   Ulrich Lutz married Elizabeth Dice, about the year 1760. Her parents came from Dupont, Germany, and she possessed considerable native intellect, with a liberal endowment of common sense, and the improvement in intellect which the family exhibited subsequent to this, was doubtless inherited from her. Though herself of medium stature, she was descended from a family noted for their size. Two of her uncles, about seven feet in height, served in Frederick William of Prussia's celebrated regiment of giants. Though most of us are mere pigmies in stature, it would seem we have some of the blood of the giants in our veins. They lived in Springfield township, Bucks county, Pennsylvania, till about the year 1790, when they, with their sons and families, moved to Shamokin Valley, Northumberland county, where Ulrich Lutz died, the same year.   In 1794 Jacob Lutz, the father of Samuel Lutz, moved from Shamokin valley, Northumberland county, Pennsylvania, to Buffalo valley, a beautiful and fertile portion of the same county. Here he resided until September, 1802, when, with his wife, five sons and his mother, he emigrated to Ohio, and, on the fifteenth day of the same month, settled on the premises where his son, Samuel Lutz, now resides.   His sons were Samuel, Jacob D., John D., Joseph, and Peter. The last two died in their boyhood; the other three grew up to manhood, and, being trained to the occupation of farming, became leading farmers of this county. There were then no public schools in this State, but their father, appreciating the importance of an education, provided his sons with books, and encouraged them to study at home; and, in this way, they acquired a good practical education.   Samuel Lutz married Elizabeth Fetherolf on the fifteenth day of October, 1811. His father set off to him one hundred and eighty-five acres of land, from the west side of his home tract, as a part of his patrimony. Upon this he erected a cabin to live in, near the site of his present fine residence, and commenced the work of felling the native forest and bringing the land under cultivation. This was no easy task at that day, for there was very little money in circulation, and hired labor was scarce; and the following year our country became involved in a war with Great Britain, and many of the able-bodied men of the new settlement were called to the defence of the frontier, which made it still more difficult to obtain hired labor. He served, himself, a short campaign, under the general call, and he was once drafted for a thirty-days' term, for which he furnished a substitute. The financial depression, which followed the war, produced stringent times and seriously checked every form of improvement in the new States. But, notwithstanding these obstacles, he toiled on, and, after ten years or more of hard labor and self-denial, he had the pleasure of seeing himself the owner of a well-improved farm, with fair prospects of enjoying some of its comforts. He became the owner, in the meantime, of other lands, and united with farming the business of raising and dealing in live stock, which subsequently became a prominent part of his business. He was one of the pioneers   260 - HISTORY OF FRANKLIN AND PICKAWAY COUNTIES, OHIO.   in driving live stock from the Scioto valley to the eastern cities, having driven cattle to Baltimore as early as the .year 1822. The business in which he was engaged was well adapted to his habits and taste,. and he took considerable interest in live stock, being never in better spirits than when he had his farms well stocked with cattle. Though his principal business was as just stated, yet he managed to devote considerable time to surveying, which was rather a favorite pursuit with him, and one in which he acquired quite a reputation for accuracy and skill. In most of the litigated cases of disputed lines or overlapping of surveys in the Virginia military district in this county, he was employed to make surveys, and his opinions had great weight with the court and jury in deciding them.   He has always been a man of decided political convictions, and the exercise of the right of suffrage, with him, has been a sacred duty; and it is doubtful whether he ever failed to vote at a political election. His first vote for president was cast for James Madison, and the last for General Hayes. In the days of the old Whig party he was one of its leaders in this county, and Henry Clay was his ideal of a statesman; and, perhaps, no one suffered more keenly than he the-mortification of Clay's defeat for the presidency, in 1844. As a Whig, he was elected four times to represent this county in the legislature: the first time in 1830, and the last in 1849. He held many minor offices, and it can be said, with truth, that he performed the duties of every public trust, to which he was called, with fidelity. Upon the repeal of the Missouri compromise and the organization of the Republican party, he united with it, and became a radical anti-slavery man. He supported Lincoln for the presidency, and, when the South seceded, he was in favor of coercion, and he heartily endorsed the war measures of his administration. Though more than three-score-andten, when the Rebellion began, yet he took a deep interest in the efforts of the government to suppress it, and contributed money liberally to encourage enlistment. And, perhaps, no events which have occurred in his life were more joyful to him. than the abolition of slavery and the final triumph of our arms in the suppression of the Rebellion.   Naturally inclined to be studious, in early life he provided himself with a good library, and his leisure moments were devoted to reading and to the study of mathematics, in which he became well versed.   Endowed with a good share of common sense and a generous nature, and having acquired extensive practical knowledge and a readiness with the pen, he made himself very useful to his neighbors and to the community in which he lives.   His manner of living was plain and simple, and his habits strictly temperate. His life, in some respects, has been a success, having raised a family of nine children and accumulated an estate of three thousand acres of land in Pickaway and Ross counties, which he distributed among his children as they arrived at full age or married.   On the fifteenth day of October, 1861, he and his wife had the pleasure of celebrating their golden wedding. His wife died on the fifteenth day of April, 1868, aged seventy-four years and four months. They had fourteen children, five of whom died in infancy. The remaining nine are still living, are married, and have families. The following are the names of these surviving children : Samuel G.; Harriet, wife of Robert Zurwehly; Catharine, wife of Ovid Lutz; Isaac; John A.; Lydia, wife of Peter Lutz; George; Mary, wife of Lewis R. Lesher; and Rachel, wife of Christopher Patrick. The oldest of these is sixty-two, and the youngest forty-two, The living descendants of Samuel Lutz are nine children, forty-nine grandchildren, and thirty-one great-grandchildren.   The Lutzes are a social race, and no interesting anniversary is allowed to pass without being celebrated by its appropriate family reunion. The last of these which has thus far been held, was on the thirteenth of March, 1879, the ninetieth anniversary of Samuel Lutz's birth. The orator of that occasion was, Harry E. Lutz, a grandson of "our hero," and a son of John A Lutz, the lawyer. If it be true, as we have heard it intimated, that he is ambitious to attain a high rank in the honored profession of journalism, we hazard nothing in predicting, that at no distant day, should his life and health be spared, he `will fully realize his ambition. His address, on the occasion referred to, was so graceful and felicitious, and, withal, so fine a resume of the life and character of his honored grandfather, that we insert it here :   Nearly seventy-seven years ago two large, canvas-covered wagons plodded slowly westward from Pennsylvania. They passed over hills covered with the majestic trees of the forest ; they journeyed through valleys richly mantled with flowers and grass ; they crossed peaceful rivulets, angry torrents, and broad rivers. In one of those wagons there was a boy of thirteen summers. He was small in stature, but his bright gray eyes, which shone beneath a broad, high forehead, and lighted up a thoughtful-looking face, betokened a maturity of mind beyond his years. Untutored and inexperienced though he was, he had enough of natural force of mind to overcome the disadvantages of his position. This journey introduced him into a new life, for those wagons finally halted in the valley which has now been his home for seventy-seven years, and we meet to-day to celebrate the ninetieth birthday of that boy, who is now father, grandfather, and great-grandfather.   In 1807 he studied surveying at Chillicothe, under John G. Macan, and last year, after seventy-one years' service in that profession, bought a new stock of instruments, expecting to begin life anew. In 1810 he surveyed the first public road which the Pickaway county commissioners ordered, and recently, after an interval of sixty-nine years, he was again appointed to resurvey a portion of that same road.   In 1811 he married Elizabeth Fetherolf, and they, together, shared the joys and the sorrows of life for a full half century.   In 1813 he served a few weeks in the militia, when Ohio received a fright from the British, which has only been equalled by that which John Morgan's raid occasioned in 1863. Although it is a family trait "to snore louder in bed than to shout in battle," our hero was not without glory in this his only campaign, for he confidently affirms that he fired off his gun once, which is more than many of his .fellow warriors could say. And for this invaluable service his grateful country has pensioned him and given him one hundred and sixty acres of land. He afterwards served eighteen years as a justice of the peace, and represented his county in four sessions of the Ohio legislature.   Such is the record of his life, as it would he told to a stranger, but it is as inadequate as the boy's note of his daily experiences, that " he got up, washed, and went to bed." Behind this short account there is another, of days of joy and days of sorrow, of weeks of pain and weeks of pleasure, of years of gain and years of loss; and it is this account which truly shows the progress of his mind, but which we have not now time to trace.   We will, therefore, turn from the life to the character of our hero, and we shall find that, in the words of Emerson, the man towers head and shoulders above his deeds. The most prominent characteristic of his   HISTORY OF FRANKLIN AND PICKAWAY COUNTIES, OHIO - 261   (mind is force. He puts his whole soul into whatever he undertakes He is inclined to go over or through, rather than around. You have noticed an ant moving along on the earth, and have noticed that when it comes to an obstacle in its path it immediately turns aside. That is the way with some men; they change their course whenever anything opposes them, without trying to overcome it. But that is not the way with our hero. If it is possible, he will go over, or he will go through. Last summer, while in Adelphi, a man told me an anecdote which fully illustrates this trait in his character. About fifteen or twenty years ago, he was carrying one end of the chain, while surveying a field, and the .man was carrying the other, when they came to a large pond. He urged our hero to make a triangle and estimate the distance across, but, with scowls, was answered : "Come on, come on; what ate you about? Let's go through!" And in they plunged, up to their waists, and did go through. This same force of mind, however, makes him impatient of slow people, and causes him, also, to get into what has been called a "cast-iron sweat " at trifles.   Another trait of his character is inquisitiveness. He would walk a mile to find out a stranger's name, and think that he was amply repaid for his journey, though he should forget it the next day. He would have made a first-class newspaper reporter, if he had been taken when young, for he could get an interview with the greatest man on earth any day. While we were traveling, he wanted to know the name of every station which we passed, and asked me all sorts of questions about the things which he saw, and not unfrequently compelled me to expose my ignorance, and that was rather rough on my pride, you know. He invariably inquired the price of everything, from a boot-black's outfit to the steel bridge at St. Louis. Macaulay may have had a great memory, but I would be willing to wager a fortune that our hero has forgotten more than he knew. But, notwithstanding all the facts that have passed from his mind, his inquisitiveness has not been in vain, for he is well posted in history, and has a wide knowledge of current events, Another characteristic of his mind is studiousness. He sometimes works at a problem during a whole day, which is something that neither love nor money. could induce any of his descendants to do. Farm life has very little in it to stimulate one to hard study, but our hero overcame those discouragements, and is now well acquainted with the different branches of mathematics. But this special study did not so bias his mind that he neglected other things, for he has read much of the classical prose and poetry. Last summer, when in his ninetieth year, he bought a volume of poems, and since then has spent many of his leisure moments in reading those stirring Scottish lays of Robert Burns.   The chief characteristic of our hero's old age is vigor. To-day, were we to walk a race, he would outstrip one-half of us. Last summer, when strong men were lying under shade-trees, complaining of the heat--when people of all ages and conditions were being stricken down in the great cities--our hero surveyed a field in Ross county. When eighty-six years of age he climbed to the top of the Bunker Hill monument, and, a few days afterward, he went up the three hundred and sixty-four steps leading to the dome of the capitol at Washington. In 1876 he passed through that most wearisome of all ordeals, the attending of the Centennial. And that he fully appreciates his vigor, the following anecdote will show: Last summer, while we were at Cincinnati, he started to get into a stree-car before it should stop, but I kept him from doing so; and when we were seated in the car the driver passed through and remarked that he was too old a man to get on a car while it was in motion. At that a scowl came over our hero's face, like a thunder-cloud, and, throwing up his arms, he exclaimed, with withering contempt, "That's nothing; I could jump over the whole car." Then, seeing the general look of amused incredulity, he added, with emphasis, " Why, yes! why, yes!"   Whatever position in society our hero has attained, it has been entirely owing to his own efforts. No long line of ancestors has given him "title deeds to sloth." Others may boast of their descent, but he can glory in his ascent. As the Swedish epic says:   " Boast not thy father's fame—'tis his alone, A bow that thou canst bend is 'scarce thine own. What can a buried glory be to thee? By its own force the river gains the sea."   We are accustomed to speak of beauty as an exclusive attribute of youth, but we forget that nature has thrown a mantle of grace over old age also. One is the beauty of action; the other, the beauty of repose. One is the beauty of a torrent dashing over rocky precipices; the other is the beauty of still waters, which unchangeably mirror the heavens. The bright green of a forest in spring is beautiful; but so, also, are the golden hues of the trees in autumn. The rosy-faced child and the white-haired old man, alike command our love. And we can think of nothing in which our hero has been more fortunate than in having all the venerableness of age, without its pains and its weaknesses.   I would call him great, not only because he has performed his Part in the drama of life well, but also because I think that his natural talents are sufficiently above mediocrity to make him deserving of that name Great men do not always occupy high places, and the heroes whose names adorn the pages of history are outnumbered by heroes equally great, though unknown to fame. In the story of our family, one of the brightest pages will be the one which records the struggles and triumphs-of Samuel Lutz.   The grandmother who accompanied Mr. Lutz to Ohio, died at the home of her son, June 23, 1818, aged about seventy-five. His father died September 4, 1824, at . sixty-two, and his mother, January 27, 1842, at eighty-six.   Mr. Lutz was, as we have seen, about thirteen years of age when he left his native State, having received there only such education as the Pennsylvania common-schools afforded. After his arrival here, the only training which he received from a teacher was that obtained during the two months under Professor Macan, studying the elements of surveying. So that, even in his favorite science, it may properly be said that he was self-taught.   Always a man of scrupulous integrity, and a firm believer in christianity, it was not until about four years ago that he made an open profession of religion, and united with the Cumberland Presbyterian church, in his immediate neighborhood.   At the family re-union (the first one noticed above) held to commemorate the settlement of the Lutz family in Pickaway county, a large stone (after the good old Jewish fashion) was set up and dedicated, as a memento of the event. The formula for the dedication of this stone, pronounced by John A. Lutz at the close of his address on that occasion, will form an appropriate ending for this imperfect sketch. It is as follows:   "To perpetuate the memory of the interesting event which we to-day celebrate, and as a memorial of the divine goodness to us as a family, I now solemnly dedicate this simple monument, composed of a rude boulder, found upon these premises, and doubtless brought hither by the great northern drifts. Of itself it is a monument of the wonderful changes which have taken place on the surface of the earth in the geologic periods of the past, in the formation and preparation of these picturesque hills and beautiful fertile valleys for the abode, comfort, and happiness of man.   " May no rude hand deface it, nor unrestrained violence destroy it, but may it ever remain to remind the future generations of our children o the event we celebrate, and of the goodness of God to their ancestors. And to this let all the kindred say, Amen."   THE DREISBACH FAMILY.   The history of the Dreisbach family, which has, in Salt Creek township, a representative in William; in. Circleville, Martin E. and Mrs. D. B. Wagner; in Pickaway, Isaac E.; and in Washington township, Edward Dreisbach, with numerous others, extends back to Martin Dreisbach, who was born in the year 1717, in the earldom of Witgenstein, Germany, and his wife (Anna Eve Hoffman), the daughter of a teacher, of Nausausiegen. They emigrated from the fatherland in 1746, to the United States, and located upon a farm in Lancaster county, Pennsylvania. They had four sons and two daughters - Jacob, Henry, John, Martin, Margaret, and Catharine.   Jacob, the eldest son, married Magdalene Buchs   262 - HISTORY OF FRANKLIN AND PICKAWAY COUNTIES, OHIO.   (whose name, anglicized, is Books), and they had a family of thirteen children, eight of whom were sons, namely, Martin, John, George, Samuel, Benjamin, Henry, Jonathan, and Jonas, all of whom were early settlers in Ohio.   George, the third son, was born January 13, 1784, and his wife, whom he married in Northumberland (now Union) county, Pennsylvania, was born February 14, 1788. Her name was Catharine Betts. They were married January 10, 1809. Their children were, Mary, born November 27, r809; Hannah, January 2, 1812; Elizabeth, June 17, 1814; William, September 21, 1817; Manuel, March 9, 1820; Sarah, January 16, 1823; George, August 18, 1825; Abner, August 16, 1828; and Solomon, August 16, 1831. All are now living except Mary, Sarah (Mrs. P. Brock), Manuel, and Solomon, the last named of whom died in infancy.   Only the eldest of the children was born in Pennsylvania, and the others in Ohio, their parents moving, in 1811, to this State. They stopped at first at Peter Spyker's, on Salt creek, south of Tarlton, but in a short time removed to the farm upon which their son, William, now resides, and which the elder Dreisbach bought of Mrs. Sayler, a widow. He cleared up this farm, endured the privations and toils, braved the dangers of pioneer life, and lived to enjoy the triumph of his labors. He was a soldier in the war of 1812, and underwent, in the service as well as at his home in the back woods, the viscissitudes of a frontier life in troublous times. He was a man of hardy constitution, and one of the most actively industrious of the Inge class of fearless, thrifty men, who prepared the way for the army of civilization and hewed out the rich inheritance that the present generation enjoy. He was noted for his uprightness of character, and his long life was, in all respects, an exemplary one. The church of the United Brethren was the religious institution which most closely embodied and exemplified his ideas, and he was for long years one of its most worthy members, as well as one of its best supporters. His long life of usefulness was brought to a close November 3, 1863—ten years after the decease of his wife.   The descendents of this pioneer pair were brought up at the farm home, accustomed to the labors incident to such life as they led, enjoying its simple pleasures, and taking advantage of the few opportunities afforded for improvement. Their educational facilities were limited; their chances for social recreations of seldom occurrence; but they, had health—that best of all inheritances—the example of good lives before them, wholesome training, and the happiness—physical as well as mental—that wholesome labor and the right discharge of duty bring. They retained the traits of their parents, and matured into men and women of intrinsic worth, valuable to society and to the communities in which they dwell.   Hannah, the eldest living, married Philip Pierce, and resides near Bloomington, Illinois. Elizabeth is the wife of A. Medsker, of Fort Wayne, Indiana.   Manuel fell a victim to one of those terrible crimes of violence which grew out of the Rebellion. In 1863, he was living in Amanda township, Fairfield county, Ohio, and was a strong Union man. The drafting of men for the army by the National government was meditated, and in some sections had been begun. In his neighborhood, men were mustering, to prevent, by force of arms, its taking effect. Partisan feeling ran high, and violence was threatened in many localities. Manuel Dreisbach was not one of those who feared to speak his sentiments, and he did so, on several occasions, telling various individuals that they had no \right to resist the orders of the government, and using his influence towards creating a law-abiding sentiment. It was feared by some of his friends that he would meet with violence, but he entertained no such apprehensions. One day, while engaged upon his farm in threshing grain, he went to the house to make some arrangement for dinner for the men in his employ, and there met a man who had worked for him several years, and with whom he was on the best of terms, so far as he knew. The man had a rifle, and with scarcely a word of warning, he raised it to his shoulder and fired. The ball took effect in Mr. Dreisbach's chest, but he did not fall. The assassin drew a revolver, to finish his bloody work, but was driven away by the threshers, who pursued him with pitchforks. He escaped. Mr. Dreisbach died in a few hours. John C. Corder, the hired man who fired the fatal shot, is to-day in the State's prison, serving out a sentence for murder, having escaped, by a narrow chance, the gallows. No cause was shown for the crime, other than that Mr. Dreisbach's utterances had been distasteful to some of the people in his neighborhood. It transpired, in the trial, that Corder had, sometime. in previous years, committed a murder in Virginia; that he was a desperate character, whom a few dollars would induce to commit any crime. It was alleged that he was a hired assassin.   George Dreisbach is in Winona county, Minnesota, and has twice represented a constiuency in the legislature of that State. He married Mary Nichols. Abner is in Australia, and has been there since 1852. William lives in Salt Creek township, at the old homestead, an illustration of which is given on another page. He is a farmer by occupation, and one of the substantial, representative men of the county. Like his father, he was, in his early years, a Democrat, but since 1848 has not voted with that party, and, most of the time since its origin, he has been a supporter of the Republican party. He is a member of the United Brethren church. He was united in marriage, February 22, 1839, with Margaret, daughter of William and Jane Earnheart, of Washington township. They have had nine children: James A., Mary J., Martin, Harriet, George, Kate, Amanda, Jemima, Milton and Abner Scott, all of whom are living, except Martin and Jemima. The mother of these children died, May 28, 1863, and Mr. Dreisbach, August r, 1869, was married to his second wife, Mrs. Louisa Ford (formerly Wheitsel), a daughter of Jacob and Polly Wheitsel, of Salt Creek township, with whom he is still living.   HISTORY OF FRANKLIN AND PICKAWAY COUNTIES, OHIO - 263   THE STROUS FAMILY.   Jacob Strous, born in Mifflin county, Pennsylvania, October 27, 1775, came to Ohio in the fall of 1799, performing the journey on foot. He remained with his brother-in-law, Adam Defenbaugh, six miles below Chillicothe, until 1802, when he settled near where the village of Laurelville, in Hocking county, now stands. He and Defenbaugh, who also settled there, put up, on Laurel creek, a short distance above the present mill, the first grist-mill in this region. The mill consisted simply of forked stakes driven into the ground and covered over with slabs.   In June, 1807, Jacob Strous was married to Mary Reichelderfer, and resided in the neighborhood of Laurelville until his death, which took place in 1845. He was an active and industrious pioneer, and did much for the improvement of his neighborhood.   He was the father of five children as follows: John, born January 28, 1808 ; Mary, born August 16, 1812; Samuel, born August 9, 1814; Elizabeth, born August 12, 1824; Allen, born December 26, 1826.   John married, November 13, 1832, Angeline Holder-man, born February 22, 1811, and settled where his son, David, now lives. He followed milling and farming during his life, which was one of great industry and usefulness. He died July 23, 1875, and his wife, March 21, 1879.   Mary Strous married Hiram Flannagan. She is now a widow, and resides at Laurelville.   Samuel married Mary Swoyer, January 24, 1841, with whom he is now living -in Salt Creek township, Pickaway county, Ohio. They have had five children, four of whom are living.   Elizabeth is the wife of William Webster, and resides in Pickaway township.   Allen Strous lives near Laurelville on the old homestead.   John Strous had eleven children, who are all now dead but three, and it may here be mentioned as a somewhat remarkable fact that, since 1850, there have occured at the house which is now the residence of the son, David H., and a view of which is elsewhere given, no less than fourteen funerals.   David H. Strous, one of the substantial and enterprising citizens of Salt Creek township, was the third child of John and Angeline Strous, and was born February II, 1837. At the age of twenty-one he took an equal interest with his father in the mills and farm, and at the death of his father, succeeded to the entire ownership. Mr. Strous' career has been a very successful one; his energy, industry and good management being rewarded by the accumulation of a good property.   Mr. Strous was united in 'marriage, April 22, 1858, with Ann Bochart, and to them the following named children were born, viz.: Jane Almeda, born September 10, 1858, is now the wife of Levi Lutz, of Pickaway township; Susannah, born May 29, 1860, is how the wife of Byron Mowery, of Salt Creek township; John Elsy, born August 15, 1862-died August 26, 1863; Charles, born June 3, 1864-died September 9, 1865. Mrs. Strous, the mother of these children, died September 23, 1866. August 20, of the following year, Mr. Strous was again married, to Rebecca J. Dillon, who was born May 19, 1842. The result of this union is five children, as follows: Olive D., born August 18, 1868-died December 7, 1870; Frank D., born September 3, 1869; Eddie D., born March 3, 1872; Eva Grace, born October 16, 1874; Lizzie May, born April 8, 1876.   Just west of his residence, Mr. Strous has a beautiful grove of forest trees, containing about fourteen acres. The ground is very pleasantly situated, being higher than the surrounding land, and is skirted by Salt creek, on the bank of which is a beautiful mineral spring. A company has been formed who contemplate the improvement of the place next season as a pleasure resort.   JOHN MOWERY   was the youngest son of John Mowery, sr., and was born in Berks county, Pennsylvania, August 12, 1805. When five years of age, his parents emigrated to Ohio, and settled in Salt Creek, Pickaway county, where John F. Mowery now lives. His father made a purchase of land in sections eleven and fourteen, and erected his dwelling in the southwest corner of section eleven. He died about a year after his settlement.   John Mowery, the subject of this sketch, married, September 27, 1827, Rachel Dunkel, daughter of George Dunkel, and took up his residence on the homestead which became his at his father's death, and which he occupied during his life. He died July 2, 1876. He was a prominent member of the Lutheran church, in Tarlton, and was a man of strict integrity. He was an industrious, hard-working farmer, and possessing a sound judgment, he accumulated a good property, owning at the time of his death between six and seven hundred acres of land.   Mrs. Mowery died October 8, 1878, aged sixty-nine years, nine months and eighteen days.   There were thirteen children born to John and Rachel Mowery, three of whom died in infancy, and the dates of their birth are not recorded. The others are as follows: Leannah, born March 9, 1828, married for her first 'husband Venus Reichelderfer, by whom she had two children. She is now the wife of Elias Crites, and lives in Allen county, Ohio; Catharine, born February 27, 1831, died May 3, 1862, was the first wife of her sister Leannah's present husband ; Mary, born September r8, 1833, became the wife of Jonathan J. Stout (now deceased), and resides in Washington township; Rachel, born May 2 7, 1836, married Amos Reichelderfer, and now resides near Bucyrus, Ohio ; Susannah, born January 18, 1839, is the wife of Peter Myers, and now lives near Stoutsville, Fairfield county; William H.,. born June 13, 1845, married Leahan Fetherolf, and now resides in Salt Creek, near Tarlton; John F., born February 3, 1848, married Mary Wolf, and now resides on the old homestead; Louisa Jane, born November 23, 1850, is the wife of William H. Housell, of Tarlton ; George D., born May 0, 1853, married Alice Courtright, and lives   264 - HISTORY OF FRANKLIN AND PICKAWAY COUNTIES, OHIO.   at Stringtown; Allen S., born April 9, 1857 (unmarried), lives with his brother George. The four brothers, above mentioned, wishing to perpetuate the memory of their parents, have secured the insertion of their portraits, with a view of the old home, in connection with the history of Salt Creek.   THE RIEGEL FAMILY,   of Salt Creek township, has been as prominently identified with the improvement of that part of the county, and the territory adjoining,. as any family who reside in the vicinity. Solomon Riegel, the father, is a man of great activity and industry, and ever since he came to the State has been engaged in some enterprise which has developed and enriched the neighborhoods of which he has been a. resident. He was a native of Berks county, Pennsylvania, a son of George and Elizabeth Riegel, and was born April so, 18x r. He came to Salt Creek in 1832, induced by the favorable reports of the country, made by his brother, Jesse, and others. Two years later, October 31, 1834, he married Mary, daughter of George and Mary Dunkel, natives of Berks county, Pennsylvania, who removed to Ohio in 18o2. She was born March 31. 1803. Soon after their marriage, the couple removed to Fairfield county, where they remained three and a half years. From thence they went to Hocking county, where Mr. Riegel worked for a time for his brother-in-law, George Dunkel; but Mr. Riegel securing, as a present from his father, a farm of one hundred acres in Fairfield county, removed to it, and there made the beginning of his successful and actively industrious life. After living here ten years, accumulating some property, and being generally well rewarded for hislabors, Mr. Riegel bought Mr. Dunkel's sawmill, woolen-factory and about two hundred and fifty acres of land, and engaged in business upon a large scale. He erected, at Laurelville, a hotel and other buildings, and contributed largely to the good appearance and prosperity of that village. Building has always been one of the most common exhibitions of Mr. Riegel's active creative nature, and one of his family, who has taken pains to sum up the results of his work in this line, states that within a few miles of the corners of Pickaway, Hocking and Ross counties, he has erected nineteen dwelling houses, and enough other buildings, mills, barns, etc., to make a total of one hundred. In this work he has usually been his own contractor, designer and superintendent, getting the timber from the woods manufacturing the lumber, and taking the stone from the quarry himself—that is, having it done under his supervision. He has also been an enterprising farmer, and has devoted considerable capital and time to milling, and to stock-raising and dealing. His various business ventures have, as a general thing, been thoroughly managed, and have paid well, so that he has accumulated a large property, although, like nearly all men, meeting with an occasional loss. It has been principally through his efforts that some of the best turnpikes of Pickaway county, especially the southeastern part, have been constructed.   Mr. Riegel is one of those men, who, not having the advantage of education, has still been eminently successful, through the possessi of sound native sense, good judgment, a genius for work and strict integrity of character. And we may also add, that having afteved an independency for himself, he has materially benefitted the community of which he has been a valuable member, the neighborhood in which he has lived. He is a man of strong moral character, and, religiously, is a member of the Reformed church. It is a notable fact, too, that every one of his entire family, nine persons beside himself, are members of the same church. Another fact, rather curious, is mentioned by members of the family. There has never been a death within the circle. Not one family in a thousand of as many members, and aggregating as many years, has thus been spared the terrible visitor. The mother's name (Dunkel) is honored by the insertion of its initial in the name of each of her eight children. The first-born (Febtuary 21, 1836), George D., is now in Salt Creek township, and resides at his father's residence. He married, in 1859. Lovina Werner, of Allen county, Ohio, who died, September 18, 1872. He was engaged, for a number of years, in a general mercantile business, at Laurelville, beginning at the time the civil war commenced, and continuing until 1867. From achieved 1876 he conducted a large business in produce and prov;sions, in Brooklyn, New York. Harvey D., the second son, born January 31, 1838, was, for a number of years, in California, but is, at present in the lumber and planing-mill business at Laurelville. He married Matilda Hedges, of Tarlton. Jane D., born August 6, 1840, married Andrew Defenbaugh, and resides at Cedarville, Fairfield county. Samuel D., born July 29, 1842, took for his first wife Mary Morris, of Washington township, and, after her death, married his present wife, Mary Owens. He resides in Salt Creek, and is a farmer and bee-keeper. He is publisher of the Bee Keeper's Instructor, and one of the best authorities in the country upon all matters pertaining to bee culture. Sarah Ann D., born June 28, 1843, is the wife of Wm. C. Markel, and resides in Salt Creek. Mary marriedth D., born September 2, 1845, is the wife of George H. Lutz. Solomon D., has his home in Salt Creek, a short distance from that of his father. He is one of the representative farmers of the township, and one of its most substantial, well-informed citizens. In addition to farming, he carries on the business of raising and selling stock, and is a large dealer. He married Mary A. Rush, daughter of John and Melinda Rush, of Greene township, Ross county. Emma C. D., is living in Greene township, Ross county, having married George M. Rush.   JOSEPH SHOEMAKER   was born in Tarlton, Salt Creek township, February 18, 1808. His parents, John and Elizabeth Shoemaker, of German descent, were natives of Berks county, Pennsylvania, where there is a little village called Shoemakerville, in honor of the family. They emigrated to Ohio in 1806. He was the first-born of three children—Isaac, two years his jnnior, who is still living, and Mary (afterwards the wife of Dr. William B. Hawkes, of Columbus)(Februaryd in 1837. The three children were left half-orphans, by the death of their estimable father, after only about ten years experience of pioneer life. Mrs. Shoemaker, the mother, subsequently married Dr. Otis Ballard.   Joseph Shoemaker, the subject of this brief biography, grew up in the little village of Tarlton, and, in addition to the practical education that farm life afforded, had the limited advantages provisionstion at the best schools in this part of the country—the old academies of Circleville and Lancaster. He taught school for a short time, but, resolving to lead the life of a farmer, to which he had become accustomed by all his associations as a boy, he began in earnest the chosen avocation, which he has since pursued, and in which he has been eminently successful. In addition to his regular agricultural pursuit, Mr. Shoemaker hlias been engaged in raising cattle and in extensive stock raising. His father was an active, energetic pioneer, and the son has inherited many of his qualities. The farm upon which he resides, in Tarlton, is a portion of the large body of lands his father owned.   Mr. Shoemaker has had no ambition to hold office, and has not been, in any sense of the term, a politician, although a firm supporter of the principles he believed to be best, and taking a deep interest in public affairs. He was an "old line Whig" until the formation of the Republican party, since which time he has by ballot, and by the quiet influence that every man of worth unconsciously exerts, supported the men and measures of that great political majority.   He is one of the oldest and most prominent members of the Methodist Episcopal church, but his efforts for the promotion of good morals and right living have by no means been confined to the limits of that organization, either as the field in which or the medium through which they were made. All improvements, all plans for the advancement of the best interests of the commasy, have had, in Mr. Shoemaker, a warm friend and supporter. The temperance cause, in all the forms in which it has battled Pvil for the past forty years, has had his assistance. He has been among the foremost in securing good schools for the village in which he has passed the many years of his life. In short, he is a public-spirited, though modest, man, and the community has much to thank him for.   Mr. Shoemaker was married May 22, 1832, to Eliza Carpenter, a native of Vermont, who removed, with her parents, at an early day, to Athens, Ohio. 'Their children, four in number, were Otis B., Cynthia S., Mary E., and Ann Eliza. Otis B. martied, for his first wife, Sarah Dunan, and, after her death, Mrs. Minerva Lutz ; they now live in Tarlton ; Cynthia S. lives in Greenfield, Ohio, and is the wife of R. H. Miller ; Mary E. married the Rev. T. R. Taylor, and resides in Portsmouth ; Ann Eliza married Joseph Ward, who died in 1877.   Mrs. Shoemaker died September 3o, 1859.   June 2; 1863, Mr. Shoemaker married Nancy C. Meeks, a native o f West Virginia, with whom he still lives. The offspring of this union were two children—John William, aged fourteen, and Joseph, aged nine years.   PICKAWAY.   Only a little more than eighty years ago, the territory now constituting Pickaway county, to-day teeming with busy industry, intelligence and happiness, was a complete wilderness, unvisited by the cheering rays of civilization. Over these fertile and cultivated fields—dotted with substantial dwellings, surrounded by many evidences of even luxury and refinement—roamed savage wild beasts, and a race of men more savage still than they. Here sported the timid deer, and the dismal howl of the wolf was heard. In the forest, the Indian pursued his game and sauntered along the rippling streams, obtaining thus his daily food. Here the romantic lover "wooed his dusky maid" in primitive simplicity. Everything now is changed. The wilderness that met the first gaze of the pioneers has been made to bud and blossom as the rose. Where, less than a century ago, were the scattered huts and wigwams of the Indians, are now the comfortable homes of an enlightened and happy people, blessed with abundant social, religious, and educational privileges. This amazing change was rendered possible by the enterprise, toil, and privation of those noble pioneers who are rapidly passing away, and in their commemoration the following account of their labors is written.   No place in the county—if, indeed, in the entire State—is invested with such extraordinary interest as the township of Pickaway. Here were situated the principal Indian villages, for the destruction of which Lord Dunmore's campaign was organized. On its soil the army made its encampment, and by a treaty or truce, brought to a close what threatened to be a long and bloody war. The writer will merely mention here the places of historical interest in the township, the events which make them so, being fully narrated in another portion of the book.   At the time of Lord Dunmore's incursion into the country, in 1774, there were several Indian villages on the plains and vicinity, the most important of which were Cornstalktown and Squawtown, situated on Scippo creek. The former named after the Shawnee chief, Cornstalk, was located just north of where the iron bridge crosses the creek on the Chillicothe pike, and the latter, named for the sister of Cornstalk—Grenadier Squaw—was located just south of the bridge. Camp Charlotte, the place of Lord Dunmore's encampment, was situated on Scippo creek, in the southwest quarter of section twelve, on the old Winship farm. General Lewis camped on the southeast quarter of section thirty, on Congo creek.   *The history of this township is written largely from information furnished by Jacob Hitler (since deceased), George Hitler, John D. Sharp, John Caldwell, John Boggs, and William W. Entrekin. 34   On the farm of James T. Boggs, a short distance east of his residence, is the so-called "Logan elm," under which, according to a certain tradition, the famous speech of the celebrated Mingo chief was made. This tradition relates that Col. Williamson, an officer under Lord Dunmore, recited to Captain John Boggs the circumstances of the conclusion of the treaty with the Indians, and described the place of meeting as being near Congo creek, about a mile below Camp Lewis, in a small piece of prairie of about thirty acres, in the middle of which was a mound. Logan was present, and delivered the speech under an elm that stood a short distance southwest of said mound. Captain Boggs had no difficulty in subsequently finding the tree, from the description given him by Williamson, and it has ever since been carefully preserved by members of the family, because of the historical associations that are believed by them to surround it. The tree is of regal majesty, being seventy-nine feet in height, and measuring, from the ends of the branches on one side to the other, one hundred and twenty feet. The trunk is twenty feet in circumference.   FACE OF THE COUNTRY—STREAMS.   The surface of the township is generally rolling, with the exception of that portion comprising the Pickaway "plains," where it is almost perfectly level. These "plains," so justly celebrated for their beauty, exuberant fertility, and ease of cultivation, when first discovered by the pioneers, were entirely devoid of tree or shrub, and were covered with a rank vegetation, consisting mostly of a wild grass, which old inhabitants say grew to such a height that it could be easily tied over a horse's back: The productiveness of the virgin soil of the "plains" was very great—one hundred bushels of corn, and fifty bushels of wheat to the acre being raised with scarcely any labor.   On their arrival here, the pioneers naturally located on the plains, because of the little labor required to raise a crop; but from their entire lack of timber and living water they were not considered desirable for permanent residence, and when the land was offered for sale, in 1801, the surrounding territory was generally preferred by the purchasers. The principal stream within the limits of the township is Scippo creek, which, rising in Fairfield county, enters the township in section twelve, flows a tortuous course through the north part, and reaches the Scioto about two miles north of the south line of the township. Congo creek flows through the south part, and unites with Scippo a mile above its mouth. Kinnickinnick, in the east part, and a small, unnamed tributary of the Scioto, in the west part of the township, are the only   (265)   266 - HISTORY OF FRANKLIN AND PICKAWAY COUNTIES, OHIO.   other water courses worthy of mention. On Scippo creek there were, at one time, five grist-mills in operation, as mentioned more particularly elsewhere.   In territorial extent, Pickaway exceeds any other township in the county, and in fertility of soil is second to none. It embraces all of the original surveyed township number ten, in range twenty-one (Worthington's survey), containing thirty-six square miles, and, also, the fractional township number three, in range twenty-two, lying between the west line of range twenty-one and the Scioto river, containing about eleven square miles, comprising, in all, a territory of forty-seven square miles.   WILD ANIMALS.   Game of all kinds, especially deer and wild turkeys, was abundant long after the first white settler came into the township. The killing of two or three deer in a single day, by a hunter, was an ordinary occurrence, and to shoot one from the cabin door, not an uncommon one. Wolves were so numerous as to be a great drawback to the introduction of sheep by the settlers, and rendered necessary their careful protection at night; pens being usually built for that purpose. Pickaway was not a favorite haunt for bears, but a few of them would come in every fall from the Raccoon hills. An old bear, with a cub, was shot through the body, but only wounded, by Jacob Try, at Jefferson. The animal got away, but was tracked by Try's dog over into Wayne township, where she was shot by a settler of that township. The cub, which was half grown, was subsequently taken alive in a thicket a short distance east of Jefferson, by George Try and two or three other young men, with the assistance of the dog. During the struggle between the dog and his antagonist, the young men tied the feet of the bear, using their suspenders for the purpose. They then procured a pole, strung the animal upon it, and carried him, alive, to the village, where they kept him for some time.   INDIANS.   The Indians lingered about the region for some years after the advent of the white settler. They had camping grounds in the township, but no villages after the white men came. In their intercourse with their palefaced brethren, they were uniformly friendly, and no trouble or annoyance was occasioned by their presence. They would occasionally bring in from the Raccoon hills large quantities of bear meat and venison which they would sell or "swap" to the whites.   A white man killed an Indian on Paint creek, in Ross, the report of which, on reaching the township, created some excitement among the settlers, who apprehended trouble from the red men in consequence. The people collected together in expectation of an attack, but no trouble ensuing, the excitement soon passed away.   EARLY SETTLEMENT.   The initial settlement of Pickaway county was made in this township, in the year 1796 or 1797. The first cabins were erected on Zane's "trace," which led through the plains from the crossing of the Hockhocking (now Lancaster) to Chillicothe. It cannot, with absolute certainty, be stated who was the first actual settler, but from the best -information now obtainable, we are inclined to the belief that Caleb Evans enjoys that distinction. He was a native of Pennsylvania, whence he removed to Kentucky, and resided there until the year stated, when he came to Ohio. He settled on Scippo creek, in section five, where his grandson, Samuel H. Evans, now resides. He was possessed of considerable means, for a pioneer, on coming to this country, and lost, a short time afterwards, by a fire which destroyed his house, four hundred dollars in silver coin. He was a man of strong traits of character, and a good and worthy citizen. He was married twice. By his first wife he had two children—Jonas and Joseph. Jonas went to Indiana, and died there. Joseph remained in Pennsylvania. The second wife of Caleb Evans was Elizabeth Wiggins, who became the mother of nine children, viz.: William, David, John, Archibald, Caleb, Samuel, Ruth, Mary and Elizabeth. William and John settled in Licking county, Ohio. David went south, and nothing was learned of him afterwards, and Archibald died when young. Caleb died in Mexico, while serving as a soldier in the United States army. Samuel, the best known of the sons, in this county, was twice married: first to Susannah Hitler, by whom he had two children. The mother and both of the children died, within a few days of each other, of scarlet fever, which cases are said to have been the first in the county. Mr. Evans married for his second wife, Elizabeth Hitler, sister of his first wife. Four children were the result of this union, of whom Samuel, living on the old homestead, is the only survivor. Samuel Evans, sr., died many years ago, but his wife, Elizabeth, only quite recently—July 28, 1879.   In the spring of 1798, George Fryback and family left Bedford county, Pennsylvania, for Ohio, but, arriving at Waynesburg, the family stopped there while the father, on horseback, came on to Pickaway county, and, selecting a location on Scippo creek, in seetion seven, planted a few acres of corn. He camped there through the summer, and in the fall returned for his family. During his absence, his corn was stolen. He changed his location to the mouth of Congo creek, the following spring, and remained there until the land came into market in 1801, when he entered the south half of section six. Mr. Fry-back died here in 1834. His son, John, married Lettitia Emerson, and resided on the homestead until his death, November 6, 1875, aged eighty-seven years and eight months. His wife died one year previous. Of their twelve children, eleven grew up, and eight are now living. 'Thy other children of George Fryback were Sally (Anderson), Mary (Loofburrow), Catharine (Emerson), Ann (Jackson), Susannah (Robinson), Elizabeth (Barr), Lydia and George, all now deceased.   Samuel and David Denny were among the earliest settlers of the township, although the particulars of their settlement we are unable to give. David had a blacksmith shop on Congo creek, in section thirty-two. About 1800, or soon after, he removed to the Walnut plains, in Harrison township, and was the first settler in that locality. Samuel Denny died in this township in 1822.   John Roger and Jacob Greenough were among the   MAJOR JOHN BOGGS, AND THE BOGGS FAMILY.   There was some interesting history in the Boggs family before they left Virginia. The parents of Major John Boggs, John and Jane (Irwin), lived upon a small stream in Virginia, which empties into the Ohio, named after them, " Boggs' run," and, during the time of Indian troubles, took refuge in the fort at Wheeling. A dramatic incident in the family history was enacted while they were living at Boggs' run. Indians appeared at the place one day and surprised and captured the eldest son, William, within sight of the other members of the terror-stricken family. They intended to massacre or take captive the whole family; but, upon questioning the boy whom they had caught, and conveyed to a secure place, they were told that there were seven or eight men at the house, and they considered this number too great for their band to venture out against. They had seen several men about the farm, during the day, engaged in harvesting, and supposed that William Boggs' words were true, and that they all slept in the house at night —which was not the case by any means. The elder John Boggs was the only man there. This occurred in 1781 or 5782 when Major John Boggs was but six years old. The captive William was taken to West Liberty, near the present city of Urbana, Ohio, and kept there about nineteen months, when he was exchanged, and returned home. His father did not recognize him in his Indian habiliments, even after having an extended conversation with him. Another son of John and Jane Boggs was killed on Ohio soil, just opposite Wheeling. He was returning, with half a dozen comrades, from a hunting expedition, and they were en- camped for the night, when a band of Indians stole upon them, as they were sleeping, and fired into their midst. Boggs was wounded, but sitting, crippled, on the ground, made a desperate fight before he was finally dispatched, with a tomahawk. All of the rest of the party escaped.   John Boggs, the Major, was born May so, 1775, and emigrated to Pickaway county, with his parents, in 5798. They came down the Ohio, in a keel-boat, to the mouth of the Scioto, and thence, by barge, up the laud stream, to the station below Chillicothe. There they left their boat, and went up the stream, on foot, to a point within the present limits of Greene township, Ross county, from which they could look far up the valley, upon a scene of the richest and most peaceful loveliness. But little did they then think of the teeming life that that lonely but fertile valley, should one day hold, or of the signs of industry, wealth, culture, and happiness, it was destined to display. They found that some pioneer had been here before them, and, as in the ethics of the early settlers, it was considered highly dishonorable to locate where another pioneer had made a beginning, however small, they went on, up the stream, to the Pickaway plains, where John Boggs, sr., selected a site, and subsequently entered six hundred and forty acres of land—that now owned by the heirs of Jacob Hitler and Jacob Ludwig. The son, John, went up Congo, to the place where stands the Logan elm, and where James T. Boggs now resides. After making his location, and preparing a rude home, he returned to Boggs run, Ohio county, Virginia, and there married, in the year 1800, Sarah McMicken. He brought his wife to his new home, and there reared his family, living for a time in the log house, but, at an early day, probably in 1801 or 1802, building the house which is still standing. Major Boggs was very poor, and had to struggle hard for a living. He was a man of very industrious habits, and did with a will whatever he undertook. He cleared up his farm, and toiled patiently in the work of improvement, against many disadvantages, but with ultimate success and satisfaction. He commenced boating in 1803, and took the first boat load of flour that was ever sent out of the Scioto, to New Orleans. He made three trips, and returned on foot, or on horseback, the whole distance from New Orleans to Pickaway township, passing through the Indian nation, and keeping a sharp look-out for robbers. He met with no mishap of bodily harm, and with but one loss of money. That was when a tavern-keeper, with whom he and his friend, Daniel Crouse, stopped, picked the lock of his saddle-bags, and took from them three hundred dollars in silver, with which he paid a debt to Crouse. Major Boggs never knew of his loss until he arrived at home, and, though he applied to the tavern-keeper, who acknowledged his guilt, the money was never recovered. Mr. Boggs received the title of "Major" in the war of 1812. Through his industry, economy, and good management, he became owner of about one thousand, eight hundred acres of land in Pickaway township, two thousand acres in Indiana, and a large amount of personal property.   Major Boggs was a min who had the universal respect of his neighbors and acquaintances. Although not a member of any church, he was a warm friend of religion, and contributed liberally to aid its progress among the people. Politically, he was a Democrat, and a great admirer of "Old Hickory." He died February 6, 1861, at the home of his son, Moses. He had married his second wife, a sister of the first, Mrs. Jane (McMicken) Taylor, in Zanesville, and had been, for a number of years, living in that place, when he was taken sick, and returned to Pickaway township, as he said, to die. His first wife died, December 31, 1851. His father died on the same day of the month as the son—February 6-1827, and it is a curious fact that, had they each lived until his next birthday, they would have been, at the dates of their death, at precisely the same age—eighty-seven years. The descendants of John Boggs and wife were: William, Jane, Lemuel, John, Nancy, Lydia, Moses, James, and Sidney (the latter, although the name might not be understood to signify it, a daughter). William Boggs is in Bellefontaine; Jane, Mrs. F. Shelby, died in Indiana; Lemuel was killed in 5827, in the mill which his father built, about ten years before; John is living in Pick-away township, with his second wife, Lucy H., a daughter of Judge Isaac Cook, of Ross county; his first wife was Mary Ann Evans; she died in 1852. Mr. Boggs is one of the largest land-owners in Pickaway county having about two thousand eight hundred acres in the township in which he lives, and enough more in the west to make about nine thousand acres. Nancy Boggs died when quite young; Lydia is also deceased; Moses Boggs died December 7, 1863; he married Margaret S., a daughter of Judge Cook, of Ross county, August 3, 1841, by whom he had seven children, two of whom are dead. John M., the eldest, married Fanny S. Stearns, and now resides in Lafayette, Indiana; Lemuel, a resident of Circleville, farmer, substantial man of business, and owner of the Elmwood elevator, married Jennie Groce; Scott C., married Ada Shannon, and lives on the old homestead; William is in Lafayette, Indiana, and Sally T. in Pickaway township. A view of the old home of Moses Boggs appears in this work. James Boggs, youngest son of Major John Boggs, married Minerva Whitsel, and resides on the old homestead. They are the parents of five children: Mary (Mrs John Davenport), Taylor, who married Alva, daughter of Abel Jones, of Pickaway plains, Irwin, Samuel, and James. Sidney Boggs, youngest child and daughter of Major John Boggs and wife, married Dr. L. Jones, and is living in Lafayette, Indiana.   HISTORY OF FRANKLIN AND PICKAWAY COUNTIES, OHIO - 267   first squatters on the "plains." They afterwards settled in Washington township, in the history of which mention is further made of them. James Wilson came to Chillicothe in May, 1798, and soon after removed to the banks of the Congo, just above its junction with Scippo creek. He died June 8, 1799. He was a brother to the father of Rev. Robert G. Wilson, D. D., formerly president of the Ohio university.   George Hitler, sr., and family, of Somerset county, Pennsylvania, came into the township in the spring of 1799. His family then consisted of his wife Susannah and four children—John, Catharine, Jacob, and George. He resided five or six years in Pickaway township, first locating on the lower plains, and then settled permanently in section thirty-three, Washington township. He died April 2, 1818, at the age of nearly fifty-five years. His wife survived him some thirty years. The children born in this county were Peter, Abraham, Elizabeth, Sarah, Susannah, Mary, and Joseph. Four are now living, viz.: George, in Circleville township; Mrs. Lane, Mrs. John Arnhart, and Joseph Hitler, in Indiana.   Samuel Morehead came in from Kentucky about the same time as the Hitlers. He located first on the lower plains, but afterwards moved in the vicinity of Jefferson, where he resided for many years, finally removing to Indiana.   John Gay, the father of Mrs. George Hitler, left Pennsylvania for Pickaway county, with his family, in the fall of 1798. He came by boat, and was frozen in, on the Ohio, during the winter, and did not arrive until late in the spring of 1799. He made his location on Punkin run, and resided there until his death. He lived to the great age of one hundred and two years and ten months.   Captain John Boggs, a native of Pennsylvania, removed with his family to Wheeling, Virginia, in 1771, and settled at the mouth of Boggs' run, opposite Boggs' island, near old fort Wheeling. He owned a little farm on this island, from which he was often driven to the fort by the Indians. In 1796, he and his son, John, came to Pickaway to make a selection of land for settlement. They came down the Ohio in a keel-boat, to the mouth of the Scioto, then pushed up that river, with others, on a barge, to what was called "the station," below Chillicothe. Here they landed, and came on foot along the river, until they arrived at the place afterwards entered by Major Brink, now owned by Nelson Kellenberger, in Ross county. Here was a high, beautiful location, and the captain at once decided to fix his abode there. On making further explorations, however, he discovered four logs laid apparently for a foundation of a home, and considering it unfair to dispossess the absent squatter of his "improvement," he went on to section seven, in this township, where he made a location, and which he subsequently entered and made his permanent residence. He brought out his family in 1798, and erected his cabin' a short distance east of the site of the present residence of James T. Boggs, and the old structure, erected in 1798, is yet standing. Captain Boggs subsequently moved to Scippo creek, on the hill above the present bridge, where he built a one-story brick house, one of the first brick houses erected in the township. He died at the residence of his son, Major John Boggs, in 1829.   Major Boggs settled on the farm now occupied by his son, James T., and erected the brick house thereon in 1816. It is said, that in 1803, Major Boggs took the first flat-boat down the Scioto, loaded with flour, to New Orleans, although cargoes of pork and whiskey had been shipped down before. He made several trips to New Orleans, carrying his specie home on a "pack horse." He served in the war of 1812, with the rank of major. He died at the residence of his son, Moses, February 6, 1862, aged nearly eighty-seven. His first wife died December, 1851, and he subsequently married the widow of Captain James Taylor, of Zanesville, a sister of his first wife. Four of the children are now living, to wit : William, near Bellefontaine ; John and James T., in Pickaway township ; and Mrs. Jones, in Indiana. Moses died in 1863. His wife, who was Margaret Scott Cook, daughter of Judge Cook, still survives.   Samuel Seall, sr., came from Pennsylvania in 1799, and located in Pickaway township, in section number nine, where he lived six or seven years, and then moved to Walnut township, and settled on eighty acres in section thirty-three. He died there in 1812. His son, Samuel, married Mary Gougar, in 1829, and followed blacksmithing, in the village of Jefferson, for a number of years. Afterwards, he bought and settled on a farm of two hundred and twenty acres, in Pickaway township, adjoining the farm on which his father first located. In the spring of 1845 he sold out, and settled in Washington township, on the place now occupied by his son, George, and resided there until his death, in the fall of 1870. Two of his three children are living—John, now county treasurer, in Circleville, and George, in Washington township, Pick-away county, Ohio.   Thomas and John Barr came to Pickaway, from Pennsylvania, at a very early date. Thomas located just east of where James T. Boggs now lives, and John on the place now occupied by Daniel Hitler. They were both men of more than ordinary intelligence and influence. Thomas was once associate judge of Pickaway county, and his brother a representative from this county to the legislature. Judge Barr died, September 21, 1830, aged fifty-eight years, and his wife, Sidney, February 23, 1869, aged eighty-five years and eight months.   John Sharp, originally from Pennsylvania, came to Ohio, from Wheeling, Virginia, about 1799, settling in Chillicothe. For a few years he carried on a store there, and then located on a farm near the north line of Ross county, as now constituted. Shortly afterwards, he came to this 'township, and put up a cabin on the farm now owned by Abraham Jones. Being unable to enter the section on which he had located, he left his cabin, and moved to Congo creek, entering the half section now owned and occupied by his son, John D. Sharp—number thirty-two. The log house which he erected here is still standing. He died in 1827, and his wife in 1840. John D., the only survivor of the family, resides a short distance south of the old dwelling, and is now aged nearly seventy-seven.   268 - HISTORY OF FRANKLIN AND PICKAWAY COUNTIES, OHIO.   John Rush emigrated from Kentucky as early as 1797, settling for a few years on "high bank," below Chillicothe. He then came to this township and located on Scippo creek, in section twelve, of the fractional portion of the township, where he continued to reside until the time of his death.   Henry Nevill came into the township about 1800, and purchased a large tract of land on the Pickaway plains. Subsequently, he laid out the village of Jefferson, which prospered considerably until Circleville was started, when it declined. Mr. Nevill was wealthy, but by the erection of a large grist-mill upon the Scioto, on which, together with the dam, which caused him a great deal of trouble, by repeatedly breaking away, he expended an immense sum of money, and finally became financially embarrassed. He was engaged for some years in trade in Jeffers0n, and subsequently in Circleville. He eventually moved to Illinois.   Jonathan Ellis was an early settler where William Rush now lives. He was a cabinet maker and carpenter, and built the frame of the Boggs mill. He was also an early justice of the peace of Pickaway township.   Matthew Ferguson was an early settler of this township. He lived to the advanced age of ninety-nine years, dying November 2, 1848. His wife, Ann, died December 24, 1851, aged eighty-seven years.   Jacob Stingley came in from Ross county, in 1805, and entered the west half of section number eight, settled upon it, and resided there until his death. The land now constitutes a part of the farm of Abel Jones.   Hugh Foresman settled on the plains in 1806. He was born in Ireland, December r 1, 1748, and came with his parents, when three years of age, to Westmorland county, Pennsylvania, where he resided until his removal to Ohio. He married Judeth Slocum, February 25, 1782, and had ten children—Jane, Ruth, John, William, Robert, Hugh, Mary, Judeth, Agnes, Jonathan, and Alexander. Jane became the wife of James Torbert, who came to Pickaway in 1808. Torbert was a man of local prominence, and was wealthy. Agnes (Mrs. McCrea), now residing in Circleville, is the only survivor of the family. She was born June 3, 1799, and married, September 16, 1819, Matthew McCrea, who died September 4, 1847. They had a family of eight children, three of whom are now living, namely, Adam, proprietor of the Pickaway house, in Circleville; William, in Illinois; and George, in St. Louis. Hugh Foresman, sr., died in this township, December 17, 1811, and his wife March 12, 1813.   Thomas Emerson moved in from Virginia in 1807, and located on Scippo creek, where his grandson, George Emerson, now lives—section eighteen.   About the same time Gabriel Steeley moved in from Pennsylvania, and settled in the southwest part of section twenty, where the Wilsons now live. He was the father of seven children. John resided where Abram Penn now lives, and Meek on the homestead. John married. Margaret Emerson. Two sons—Lemuel and Benjamin—now reside in the township. Edmund, Silas, and Jane, widow of Jesse B. Lutz, reside in Indiana. Nancy, wife of James Rice, lives in Pickaway; and Margaret, wife of James Hayes, in Kingston.   Jacob Wagner came to Ohio from Frederick county, Maryland, with his family, in the fall of 1807. He remained in Ross county one year, when he moved into this towhship and located where Otis Lutz now lives, in section thirty-one. He finally sold to David Crouse, and moved to Upper Sandusky, where he resided until his death. His son, Jacob Wagner, now aged eighty-three years, has resided in this township ever since he came, in 1808. He married Sarah Young, who died May 4, 1874. He has resided on the place he now occupies nearly forty years.   James Hedges came from Berkeley county, Virginia, and located at Jefferson, in 1807. He married Miss Margaret Nevill, and resided in Jefferson until the fall of 1810, when he moved to Circleville. His father, Philip, and a cousin, Joseph, arrived a short time afterwards. They both married into the Nevill family, and Joseph became a partner of Henry Nevill, in the store at Jefferson, which was finally moved to Circleville.   In October, 1808, William Caldwell and family moved to Ohio from Huntingdon county, Pennsylvania, and located in Ross county, west of Kingston. After living through the winter in a cabin which he erected there, he came, in the following March, to Pickaway, and settled in section fifteen, where he resided until his death, in 1815. His wife survived him several years. Their son, John Caldwell, who came into the township with his parents in 1809, is still a resident of it.   George Kellenberger and wife, Jemima (Rice), came from near Fredericksburg, Maryland, soon after the close of the war of 1812. He located a few miles below Chillicothe, but subsequently came to Pickaway, and moved into the old house of Major Boggs. He finally purchased and settled in section thirteen, where his son George now lives. He died December 31, 1861, in his seventy-first year. His wife died December 25, 1865. Five sons were born to them, all now dead but two—Nelson, in Ross county, and George, on the old homestead.   John Entrekin, then about twenty years of age, came to Ohio from Huntingdon county, Pennylvania, in the spring of 1798. He came with a party of eight men, who made the journey on horseback, over the mountains. The party made a location at the bend of the river, three miles above Chillicothe, and grubbed out about one hundred acres, which they planted to corn. In the fall they all returned to Pennsylvania, and those of them who had families moved out. John Entrekin brought out his parents, with his brother William and sister Martha, and made settlement where he had previously made an improvement.   Mr. Entrekin married Nancy Crouse, in December, 1801, and settled on the Kinnickinnick, on the farm now owned by Z. Downs. He continued a resident into Ross county until the spring of 1828, when he came into Pick-away, and settled. where William W. Entrekin, his son, now lives, buying out a son of John McCutcheon, who came here in 1808. Colonel Entrekin died May 0,   BENJAMIN SHELBY   MRS. BENJAMIN SHELBY   was born at what in early times was called "the station," below Chillicothe, April 8, 1796. His parents, David and Mary (Williams) Shelby, were natives of Rockingham county, Virginia. David Shelby was one of the earliest pioneers in the Scioto valley, coming to Chillicothe with General Massie's party, and was one of the first settlers in Pickaway county. Sometime prior to 1800 he located in the township of Pickaway, where he afterward entered the west half of section three, erecting his cabin- on the site of the red frame dwelling-house, now occupied by Silas Saxon, which he also erected as early as 1819. David Shelby was a man of prominence in the county. He was a member of the State legislature for twenty-one consecutive years, with the exception of one term, and was the first justice of the peace in the township of Pick-away, being elected to the office before Ohio was made a State, and serving a number of years. He died December 25, 1845, at the age of eighty years. His wife died October 3, 1830, at the age of sixty-eight years. They were the parents of eight children: John, Joseph, Rachel, Hannah, Charity, Rezon, Benjamin, and Isaac. Hannah, now the widow of Rev. Joseph Curtis, and living in Illinois, is the only survivor. Charity, the only one of the family besides Benjamin, who settled in Pick-away county, was the wife of 'Henry Morris, and lived where her daughter, Mrs. Jacob Weaver, of Pickaway township, now lives.   Benjamin Shelby, at the age of nineteen, went to Indiana, and lived with his uncle two years, during which he was engaged in boating on the Wabash, taking corn, pork, and flour from Evansville to Fort Harrison, now Terre Haute, on a keel boat. He returned to Ohio, and commenced flat-boating to New Orleans, in which he continued twelve years, making two trips each year. In the fall he would buy cattle in Illinois and Missouri, which he would fatten and drive to Philadelphia or New York, and for many years was extensively engaged in this business. In 1823 he purchased, of Christopher Bartley, forty acres of land in section three, Pickaway township, including the Bartley grist-mill, on Scippo creek. He afterwards bought, of Bartley's heirs, the remainder of the quarter, and located where his daughter, Mrs. Stage, now lives. Mr. Shelby became a large land-holder, owning some sixteen or seventeen hundred acres in this county and in the west.   He had command of a company of militia, in Indiana, and was subsequently appointed colonel of militia in this county.   He married Nancy Enoex, and raised a family of five children, three of whom are now living. The eldest was Evaline, born March 28, 1825, married Jacob Reesor, and died in Illinois, October 9, 1869; Evan C., born August 25, 1828, married Elizabeth, daughter of James Rice, of Pickaway township, and resides in Circleville; Malinda H., born December 19, 1834, is the wife of Isaac W. Stage, and lives on the old homestead; David, born October 29, 1837, married Margaret Mason, and occupies the farm on which his grandfather settled; John, born November 15, 1839, was spot, ot, by accident, December 25, 1871, and died three d s afterward.   Benjamin Shelby died May 4, 1876, and Mary, his wife, October 9, 1869.   HISTORY OF FRANKLIN AND PICKAWAY COUNTIES, OHIO - 269   1842. His wife survived him, and died January 16, 1845.   FIRST EVENTS.   The first habitation erected in the township, save the huts and wigwams of the Indians, was probably the log cabin of Caleb Evans. It was located in section five, near the present site of the dwelling of Samuel H. Evans. The house was destroyed by fire. The first white child born in the township, and probably the first in Pickaway county, was Mary Evans, daughter of Caleb and Elizabeth Evans. The date of her birth was June 8, 1798. She became the wife of her cousin, Archibald Wiggins, and removed to Kentucky. The first death was that of James Wilson, who died June 8, 7799. In the fall of the same year Hugh Lynn died, and his was the second death in the township. His widow, who was a sister of Mrs. George Hitler, sr., subsequently married Samuel Morehead. The first blacksmith shop was kept by David Denny, established about 1800. Its location was on Congo creek, east of the log house of John Sharp.   CHURCH ORGANIZATION.   METHODIST EPISCOPAL CHURCH.   The first Methodist class organized in the township was at Salem. A log meeting-house was built a short distance northeast of the site of the present house, in 1802 or 1803. Some of the members of the class were: John Parsons and wife, Michael Saylor and family, Henry Houston and family, Allen Parker and family, and David Crow and family. Rev. James Quinn, a circuit preacher, preached in the old house. The present church was erected in the fall of 1816. The stone for the foundation was hauled by John Clarence. It was built of logs, and subsequently weather-boarded. Meetings have ever since been held in this house. The old structure, with its simple furniture, affords a striking contrast to the imposing city churches of to-day. The circuit was originally called Pickaway circuit; afterwards Circleville, and is now Kingston circuit. The present pastor is Rev. William C. Halliday. A Methodist class formerly held meetings in the school-house near the Evangelical church, and subsequently, for a number of years, in the church itself.   Palestine church, in the northeast part of the township,. was built about the year 1840, by a German Reformed and Lutheran society. The Methodists afterwards bought An interest in the building and held meetings there a number of years, the former society having disbanded. Services have not been held there for some years.   A Presbyterian church was organized on the plains by the Rev. James Robinson, then of the Mount Pleasant church, in 1808. The church consisted of but few members, and never had any meeting-house or fixed location, and remained in existence only a few years. The meetings were usually held at the house of John Boggs or John Ball. In 1816 Mr. Robinson commenced preaching one-third of his time in the Rawl school-house, near the present site of Emmett's chapel. The Methodists also organized a society, on the plains, at an early date, and held their meetings alternately with the former church, in the school-house, until about the year 1835, when the two societies united in the erection of a brick church, on the hill, just south of Congo-creek bridge. It was used by them, alternately, for about ten years, when some difficulty arose between the two denominations, and the Methodists withdrew and provided another place of worship. Elias Reed, a leading member, bought the farm of John Rawl, and turned the dwelling into a meeting-house. The old building, built in 1816, is still standing, though greatly dilapidated. It was used by the society until 1852, when the present Emmett's chapel (so named, in honor of the pioneer Methodist preacher, father Emmett) was built. . The Presbyterians continued to use the brick church for a few years after the withdrawal of the Methodists, when, by reason of removals and deaths, their number became so reduced that preaching could not be supported, and the house was sold and taken down.   THE EVANGELICAL CHURCH.   The class was formed by Rev. John .Dreisbach, in the year 1835. The first members were the officiating clergyman and his wife, Thomas F. Kraft and wife, Adam Boyer and wife, and John Kraft and wife. Abraham Dreisbach, who subsequently became a minister of the church, Isaac E., Catharine and Sophia Dreisbach, and Mrs. Eliza Steeley, were also early members, uniting soon after the organization was effected. The first meetings were held at the dwellings of the members, and afterwards in the log school-house, which stood where the frame school-house now stands, near the church. After the frame school-house was built, the society occupied it until the erection of their present church, in the summer of 1850. The building cost nine hundred and three dollars and sixty-one cents. It was dedicated December 22, 1850, by Bishop Joseph Long and presiding elder J. G. Zinser. Rev. Mr. Dreisbach preached for the class for a few years, and until the regular Circuit preachers were appointed. John Heisler was leader of the class until 1840, when Isaac E. Dreisbach was appointed, and-has continued its efficient head until the present. The membership is now thirty-six. The preachers are C. M. Reinehold and A. Evans. A Sabbath-school was organized soon after the church came into being, and has continued through every summer since. Isaac E. Dreisbach is its present superintendent.   EARLY BURIALS AND BURIAL PLACES.   The first place within the township chosen for the interment of the dead, was the Boggs burying-ground, situated on a little eminence. a short distance north of the residence of James T. Boggs. The first person buried there, whose grave is marked," was David Boggs, who died May 10, 1800, in the tenth year of his age. The next was Jacob Sayler, who died September 21, 1800, aged fifty-two years. William Morgan was buried there in September, 1807, aged three years ; Henry Beauchamp, son of Risdon and Mary Beauchamp, in the same year, and his sister Rachel, aged five years, the following year.   The first burials in the old, and now dilapidated, Jefferson burying-ground, were those of Nancy Evans, in   270 - HISTORY OF FRANKLIN AND PICK AWAY COUNTIES, OHIO.   August, 1813; Willard Evans, in September of the same year; James Brotherlin, in December, 1813; and Elizabeth Brotherlin, in April 1814.   In the Salem burying-ground, Susannah Crow was the first person interred. She died July 8, 1809. Thomas Crow was buried here in January, 1814.   Some of the earliest interments of the deceased pioneers of Pickaway, were made in the Mount Pleasant cemetery, in Ross county, a mile southwest of Kingston. The first grave was that of "Jane, wife of George Harrison, who died September 6, 1800, in the twenty-seventh year of her age." The next was that of Jane Denny, who died in October,_ of the same year, in the sixtieth year of her age; Matthew Ferguson, jr., was buried in May, 1810; John Ferguson, in April, 1813; Rebecca Duncan, in December,- 1813; Hugh Foresman was buried in December, 1811, and his wife, Judeth, in March, 1814.   EARLY SCHOOLS.   Little that is definite can be learned in regard to the first schools in the township. The earliest schools were kept in unoccupied cabins, and derived their support yin private subscriptions. One of the first schools was kept in a cabin which stood on the hill near Mr. Evans', where the old graveyard now is. And one, also, in a log house, in the south part of the township, a short distance southeast of where J. D. Sharp now lives. The first school in this house was taught by Jesse Bartlett, who came here from New England. He kept school here two or three years, and then settled in Ross county.   The first school-house, as near as we can learn, was the Rawl school-house, which stood just east of Reed's chapel—the old meeting-house. The first school in it was kept by Hugh Hannagan. The house was afterwards moved to near the place where James T. Boggs' dwelling house now stands. The original log meeting-house built at Salem, in 1802 or 1803, was used, also, as a school-house. David Jones kept school there, and others, whose names cannot now be remembered. John Caldwell, who is still living in the vicinity, was a scholar in this school.   PHYSICIANS.   The first physician resident within the township, was 1)r. William B. Gould, who resided at Jefferson. He settled there in 1802 or 1803, and practiced, with only moderate success, for about fifteen years.   Dr. Daniel Turney came to Jefferson in 1806. He studied medicine with Dr. Scott, of Chillicothe, and graduated in Philadelphia. He remained in Jefferson five or six years, when he removed to Circleville. Dr. Turney was a man of strong traits of character, superior professional attainments, and, in his day, was the leading practitioner of the county. He was born in 1786, and died in Columbus, in 1827.   MILLS.   The pioneers of Pickaway obtained their grist, at first, at what was called the floating mill, on the river, below Chillicothe. Mr. Jacob ler informs the writer that the mill consisted of two flat-boats, between which a wheel was placed in rig. The whole was covered over with a kind of roof. The mill lay at anchor wherever the force of the current was sufficient to run the wheel.   Subsequently, Crouse's mill was erected on Kinnickinnick, in Ross county, and the settlers then went there to mill. The grain was ground in the order of its reception, and the mill was so crowded with business, that several days would often be required in going to mill and back. There is now no mill in the township, but we will briefly mention a few that have had an existence.   The first grist-mill was built on Scippo creek, by Daniel I)reisbach, about the year 1815. On the same stream Benedict Morris had a mill at an early day.   Chrisropher Bartley erected a frame grist-mill on Scippo creek, about forty rods east of the road running past David -Shelby's, which he run until his death. Benjamin Shelby afterwards bought the .mill of Bartley's heirs, moved it down to the road, and rebuilt it. He afterwards added a saw-mill. The property was destroyed by fire in the fall of 1871.   In 1819, Major .John Boggs erected, near the mouth of Scippo creek, a frame grist-mill, of three run of stone, having previously erected a saw-mill at the same place. Major Boggs operated the mill until 1827. On Christmas day, of that year, his son, Lemuel Boggs, was caught in the machinery, and crushed to death. This terrible accident induced Major Boggs to sell a half interest in the mill to George Kellenberger, when he retired from the active control o the concern.   There were a number of saw-mills on Scippo creek, in an early day, besides those already mentioned, but the particulars of their history the writer is unable to give.   THE ELLENWOOD ELEVATORS   were erected by Lemuel Boggs, the present owner, in the fall of 1876. He built them more for his own private convenience than to engage in the grain business in a general way; yet, from the first, the elevators have done a large business. Most of the farmers in the vicinity dispose of their grain there, receiving a price for it equal to that paid in Circleville, and save the toll required in going to the latter place. The first year Mr. Boggs shipped one hundred and ninety thousand bushels of corn, and now handles one hundred and fifty to two hundred thousand bushels of' the same annually, and about seventy-five thousand bushels of wheat.   At Jefferson, Henry Nevill erected, in the first settlement in the township, a wind-mill, the only one, it is supposed, ever erected in the State. It was used for "cracking corn," for a time, but it was not very highly prized by its owner or his neighbors, and in after years was allowed to go down. It was a high structure, with long, broad wings, or fans, and was a terror to the farmers' horses, which could hardly be driven within a hundred yards of it.   THE OLD VILLAGE OF JEFFERSON.   No history of the township would be complete without at least a brief reference to the thriving village which it once contained. Jefferson was laid out by Henry Nevill, a wealthy Irishman, in 1803. Its location was near the   HISTORY OF FRANKLIN AND PICKAWAY COUNTIES, OHIO - 271   north line of the township, in section six. Nevill opened the first store, which he carried on alone for a few years, when he took in Joseph Hedges as a partner. Another store was shortly afterwards established, by George Brown, who came in from Chillicothe. Other stores were subsequently started, and. at one time Jefferson could justly boast of the extent of her mercantile trade. The goods were brought from Philadelphia and Baltimore, in wagons drawn by six-horse teams. The founder of the village built the first tavern, which was first kept by one Bobst. The sign displayed the portrait of the distinguished author of the "charter of our liberties," in whose honor the town was named. Henry Tom succeeded Bobst as landlord. The mention of his name, by old settlers, is always coupled with anecdotes of his prodigous strength. He was a man of stalwart frame, and with his hands would break a new bed-cord almost as easily as if it were made of straw. Joseph Adamson was the last proprietor of the house. He afterwards moved to Circleville, where he kept the Valley house. There were two other hotels built in Jefferson, one of which was the Caldwell house, kept by its owner, William Caldwell, and others. Besides the business places mentioned, there were the usual mechanic shops and other establishments necessary to a first-class town with a population of some three or four hundred. There were several physicians, the best and most favorably known of whom was Dr. Daniel Turney, of whom mention is made elsewhere.   The only brick building erected in the place was the dwelling of Major Putoff, an officer in the war of 1812. The house was finally purchased by John B. Moore, who took it down and rebuilt it in Circleville, on Union street, opposite Colonel Anderson's. It is now awned and occupied by G. F. Wittich.   The first courts held in the county were held at Jefferson, and a strong effort was made by the proprietor and inhabitants of the place to secure the location of the :county seat. When this failed, the town began to go down, stores and many dwellings were moved away, and in 1840, the place had decreased to eighty-five inhabitants. No vestige of a town now remains, and only a single house (the old office of Dr. Turney, now the dwelling of Mrs. Kinmore) is left to mark its former site.   BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCHES,   THE ENTREKIN FAMILY.   James Entrekin, the original representative of his family in America, was a native of the Highlands of Scotland, and resided in a mountain pass known as the Entrekin pass. His wife was from the north of Ireland, and was of Scotch-Irish extraction. She reached the great age of one hundred and three years. They' came to America and settled in what is now the eastern part of Adams county, Pennsylvania. One son, William, with his entire family, was killed by the Indians at a small stream called Bloody run. James, the other son, married Elizabeth Hall, who, like him, was of Scotch-Irish descent, and they settled near Gettysburg, upon the ground where the great battle was fought in the war of the Rebellion. Their children were three sons and four daughters, namely, James, John, William, Elizabeth, Jane, Ester, and Martha.   John Entrekin, horn April 22, 1778, moved with his father's family, when fourteen years old, and in the year 1792, to Huntingdon county; Pennsylvania. In April, 1798, he removed, with eight others, to the northwest territory, and settled in Ross county. They traveled from Wheeling to Chillicothe by the bridle-path known as Zane's trace, and saw only four houses while making their slow, journey. John Entrekin and his ,eight friends cleared, that season, ninety-nine acres of land, which was afterward entered by Cryder, and is now known as the Dunn farm. After this was done, and a crop of corn raised, they all returned to their homes in Pennsylvania and made preparations to move their families to the new home in the wilderness. They returned in October, 1798. John Entrekin was not married. The family con-. sisted of the father, mother, John, William, and Martha. Mrs. Elizabeth Entrekin died September 5, 1800,- at the age of sixty-seven years; and was buried on the farm now owned by D. Umsted. Through this death the family was broken up. The husband returned to Pennsylvania and lived with his son James. Martha, the youngest ,daughter, went to Kentucky, and lived with her married sister, Mrs. James Parks, and there married Thomas McCutchen, a brother of John McCutchen, who lived and kept a tavern near where William W. Entrekin now resides. William Entrekin returned to Pennsylvania, where he died in 1854, in the month of July. On December 25, 1801, John Entrekin married Nancy Crouse, a daughter of John and Catharine Crouse, who emigrated to Ross county with their entire family, in April, 1798, and settled there permanently. John Crouse and wife were both born near Baltimore, Maryland, he on the thirteenth of January, 1759, and she on the first of May, 1764. He was of German extraction, and she of Welsh. Mr. Crouse purchased, in 1798, the mill erected by William McCoy and John D. Rush, on Kinnickinnick, in the same year—the first mill in the Scioto valley. Mr. Crouse died September 5, 1847, at the age of eighty-eight years; and his wife September 12, 1845, aged eighty-one years. He served his country with great credit in the Revolutionary war.   John Entrekin was one of the prominent men of -Ross and Pickaway counties. His life up to 1828 was identified with the former county. By crumbling papers, yellow with age, now in the possession of William W. Entrekin, we obtain the dates of some of the events of his life. The oldest is one which is dated "January 14th, 1802, Territory of the United States Northwest of the Ohio," appointing John Entrekin as captain of a company of militia of the First regiment of the county of Ross. A little later he received the following lerter, which serves to show that it meant something to belong to the militia in those days:   "CHILLICOTHE, May 20, 1803. "SIR:—You will please immediately to inform your neighborhood that the Indians are in force on our frontiers, and that they ought immediately to arm and equip themselves for the defense of the neighborhood, and be ready to obey such further orders as they may receive. "G. LANGHAM   " It is certain they have killed Captain Herod.   "JESSE PRENTISS."   Fortunately for the subject of our sketch, and for the people of Chillicothe and vicinity, the attack at this time apprehended did not take place.   Mr. Entrekin received his commission as captain of the Second company, First battalion, First regiment, Second brigade, of the Territorial militia in 1809. It bears the date March 24th, and the signature of Samuel Huntington, then governor.   In June, 1817, he received from Governor Thomas Worthington, a notification of appointment as major of the Second regiment, and only a few days later he was made lieutenant-colonel. November 13, 1818, he was made colonel of the Third regiment, Third brigade, Second division.   Mr. Entrekin was three times appointed justice of the peace: in 2815 by Governor Worthington, in 1819 by Governor Ethan A. Brown, and in 2822 by Governor Allan Trimble. He was Ross county's representative in the legislature in 1821. Mr. Entrekin's was one of the half-dozen families which composed the society of the Mt. Pleasant Presbyterian church, the first church in Ross county.   During the war of 1812, he performed considerable very arduous service for his country. He at first had charge of a company of horse, in the Auglaize country, whither he was sent to aid in the relief of Fort Defiance. He returned from there to Chillicothe, and in the following fall and winter had charge of the force which guarded the wagon trains which transported supplies from the then capital to Upper Sandusky, and also had charge of the business in a commercial way. Toward the close of the war, he was captain of a company of infantry. After the close of the war, in 1814, he had an adventure with some Indians, near Little Sandusky, and the sword which saved his life from their knives is now in the possession of his son.   After the war he engaged in farming and other business, and estab-   272 - HISTORY OF FRANKLIN AND PICKAWAY COUNTIES, OHIO.   lished his sons in the occupation of cattle breeding and dealing. He moved from Ross county to Pickaway township, Pickaway county, in March, 1828, and first lived in a log and frame house which stood just south of the present residence of William W. Entrekin. He was elected common pleas judge of Pickaway county, by the Legislature, in 1838, and served until his death. He died May 1842, at the age of sixty-four years, from a surgical operation performed by Dr. Mussey, of Cincinnati. He was a man of great activity and force, influential, highly respected, generous and just. Mrs. Entrekin was born February 16, 1783, and died January 16, 1845, at the age of sixty-one.   The children of John and Nancy Crouse Entrekin, were four sons and six daughters: •Elizabeth, James, Catharine, John, William W., Dan. Crouse, Pheraby, Diantha, Jane and Nancy- Clouse. Elizabeth was born January 4, 1803; married James McCoy; died August 23, 1872. James was born October 18, 1804; he married Margaret Steele, and after her death, married Elizabeth Shirley; died October 19, 1875; Catharine, born November 1, 1806; married John Carter, of Nicholas county, Kentucky, and died in Missouri, November, 1867; John was born April 9, 18o9, and now resides in Saline county, Missouri; he married Frances More, now deceased; William W. was horn March 12, 1852; he married Jane Bell, daughter of Thomas and Ruth Bell, of Circleville; their children were John Rockwell, born October 1, 1844; Creaton, born March. 24, 1847; Flora Bell, born September 18, 1849, and Tacy Crouse, born February 24, 1862. William W. Entrekin is the only son of John Entrekin now living in the State. He is a large landholder, and prominent farmer of Pickaway township, and has been a successful man in varied and extensive affairs of business. His influence and activity have been largely instrumental in securing to the people of the Scioto valley a railroad, and he has labored to bring about the construction of others, which, if ever completed, will be of great advantage to the country. His residence (subject of illustration) is one of the beautiful homes of the southern part of the county, and was built by him with funds furnished by his father, in 5840. He is a member of the Presbyterian church, as are also all the members of his family. In politics, he was, originally, an old line Whig, but since 1854 has belonged to the Republican party.   Dan. Crouse, next younger, bother of William W., was born September 21, 1814, and is now living in Independence, Jackson county, Missouri. He married Jane Torbet.   Pheraby was born May 25, 1817. She was first married to Russell D. Rockwell, but is now living with her second husband, Abram Jones, one mile south of Kingston, in Ross county.   Diantha was born August r, 1819, and married Dr. A. W. Thompson, of Circleville. She died August 22, 1858.   Jane, born January 30, 1822, died in infancy.   Nancy Crouse, born December 8, 1831, is living with her brother, in Independence, Missouri.   JOHN CALDWELL,   seventh child of William and Jane (Moore) Caldwell, was born in Huntingdon county, Pennsylvania, February 5, 1800, His parents were natives of the same county, but of Irish ancestry, and emigrated from Pennsylvania to Ohio, with their family, in October, 1808, locating, first, about a mile west of Kingston, on the old Lancaster road. In March, 5809, Mr. Caldwell removed to Pickaway township and settled on the west half of section fifteen, where he resided until his death, March 21, 1815, aged fifty-two years. Mrs. Caldwell died September 1, 1823. They were among the early members of the Mount Pleasant Presbyterian church, in Ross county, of which Mr. Caldwell was elected a ruling elder, and ordained to that office August 7, air. Their children, besides John, with the dates of their birth, were as follows : James and David, twins, born July 28, 1787 ; Robert, born January 25, 5790 ; Samuel, born June 14, 1792 ; William, born August 29, 1794 ; Elizabeth (Mrs. Elias Benton), born June 52, 1797; Daniel, born July 9, 1802; Joseph, born May 1, 1804; Johnson, born January 12, 1805.   John Caldwell, the subject of this sketch, married, January 24, 1828, Elizabeth, daughter of Isaac and Elizabeth Monnett, and resided on the homestead until 1855, when he moved to the place where he now lives. Mrs. Caldwell died June 22, 1838. By this marriage there were seven children, as follows : Elizabeth Jane, born February 23, 1829, married Dwight Calhoun, October 29, 1848, and now lives near Kenton, Hardin county, Ohio ; has six children. Isaac M., born February 2, 1830, married Sophronia Morris, November 7, 1852, died May 4, 1863, in camp, near Memphis, Tennessee. His widow, with three children, lives in Pickaway township, Pickaway county, Ohio. Robert, born February 22, 1831, married Cynthia Pinneo, August, 1856. He now lives in Sheldon, Illinois ; has three children. William Lewis, born March 12, 1832, married Alvina Tobias, October, 1860, and died July 8, 1876. His widow lives in Sheldon, Illinois, and has five children. Amos B., born December 17, 1833, married first, Margaret Pinneo, and second (February 13, 1866), Lovinia Holmes, and is now a resident of Sheldon, Illinois. He has five children, one by his first wife. John Wesley, born February is, 1835, married Virilla Shoecraft, June, 1867. He is at present superintendent of public works, of Seymour, Indiana. He has one child living, and one deceased. Sarah B., born June 22, 1837 ; died, March 59, 1838.   Mr. Caldwell was married November 12, 1839, to Rebecca McClellan, daughter of Thomas and Ann (Kinnear) McClellan, who was born February 13, 1810. The fruit of this marriage was three children, the eldest of whom, born August 19, 1840, died in infancy. Ann Maria, born November 24, 1845, is unmarried, and is at present a teacher, with her brother, in the schools at Seymour, Indiana. Thomas McClellan, the youngest, was born June 20, 1843, and died September 23, 1852.   Mr. Caldwell has filled the office of township clerk of Pickaway for a number of years, and served as -justice of the peace three successive terms, beginning in 1836. He has given all of his children a fair education, two of whom-John Wesley and Ann Maria-having graduated, in 1861, respectively, at Ohio Wesleyan university, and Ohio Wesleyan female college, Delaware, Ohio.   Mr. Caldwell is a devoted member of the Methodist Episcopal church, of which he is a liberal supporter, and enjoys the universal respect of his fellow citizens.   WALNUT.   Bounded on the north by Madison township, on the east by Fairfield county, on the south by Washington and Circleville townships, on the west by the Scioto river, and on the northwest by Walnut creek, lies Walnut, one of the most fertile and productive townships in Pickaway county. It contains a large proportion of excellent corn land, and produces, also, abundant crops of wheat, oats, and grass.   The surface is generally undulating, though the eastern part of the township is considerably more rolling than the western and central portions. The highest point is Ringgold, where an elevation of over five hundred feet above Circleville is attained. There are several mounds and ancient remains in the township, the most interesting of which are found near Ringgold. In a timbered piece of land on the farm of Mr. Snyder, are three mounds, of conical shape, in a nearly straight line east and west, and only a few rods from each other, each from twelve to fifteen feet in height. A few rods to the east of these mounds is a slight depression in the surface of the ground, in the form of an exact circle, of about two hundred feet in circumference and four or five feet in width. Old residents report that the ditch, when first seen by them, forty or fifty years ago, was several feet deep, and that it was surrounded by an embankment, but no traces of this are now discernible. On the farm of Mrs. Spade, in the same vicinity, is a similar specimen of antiquity, though the ditch is less distinct. The mounds above described are hollowed out, and are full of stone, and in the early settlement of the township were inhabited by countless numbers of snakes, of almost every variety of species, and the place was called "snakes' den," and it is still so designated. The reptiles would crawl out in the spring of the year and infest every portion of the township during the summer, returning to their nests in the fall, and such a pest did they become, that it was necessary, finally, to attack them in their nests and destroy them.   WATER COURSES AND TIMBER.   The principal stream is Little Walnut creek, which flows a general east and west course through the township, uniting with Walnut creek in section eighteen. Its main branch is Turkey run, which, rising in Fairfield county, enters the township on section thirteen, flows in a westerly direction until it reaches section sixteen, when its course lies northwest, entering the parent stream in the north part of that section.   The original varities of timber consisted principally of   *We are indebted to Jabez Hedges for much information furnished in the preparation of this history.   35   walnut, maple, oak, butternut, hickory, and a large proportion of wild cherry of splendid growth, many of the trees measuring five or six feet through. There was also a great deal of buckeye, but it was not valued as timber, and the tree proved very unwholesome to the cattle, which ate freely of the branches and nuts, and sickened, and sometimes died, in consequence.   SETTLEMENT.   Tradition relates that several years prior to the arrival of the first settler, a company of six men, from Virginia, had visited the township, making the journey in a canoe. They started out to explore the country with the view of selecting a place for settlement, and halted only when they reached section sixteen in what is now Walnut township, Pickaway county. Here they made an encamp- ment, cleared off a small piece of ground, trapped and hunted a few months, and then returned to Virginia. When the pioneer, Williamson, came he erected his cabin on the spot where the party had camped.   The pioneer settler in Walnut was William Williamson, who came into its forests from Hampshire county, Virginia, in the spring of 1797 or 1798. He leased some school land in section sixteen, and, assisted by his brothers, Cornelius and John, who came out with him, erected a cabin and put in six or seven acres of corn, on land now constituting a part of the farm of Joshua Hedges. In the fall they returned to Virginia, and the following winter William brought out his family, consisting of his wife and one small child. The parents performed the entire journey on foot, carrying the child in their arms, while the few goods they had were transported on a packhorse. Williamson's cabin stood on the site of the old log-and-frame dwelling of Jabez Hedges, about thirty rods northeast of the present brick residence of Joshua Hedges. Tere he lived until 1812, when he bought the, northwest quarter of section fifteen, to which he removed, and which he made his permanent residence. Williamson was born in Hampshire county, Virginia, June 23, 1768, and was, consequently, about twenty-eight years of age when he came into the township. He died June 17, 1844, and is buried in the old burying-ground, a short distance north of where he first lived. His wife, Sarah, died October 13, 1831, aged fifty-two years. The names of the children of this pioneer family, mentioned in The order of their births, are as follows : John, Eliza, Maria, Hiram, Mary, Mahala, and Jackson—all born in this township, with the exception of John. Eliza became the wife of John Kimble; Maria, of Jabez Hedges; Mary, of Williamson, her cousin; and' Mahala, of Theophilus Nicholson. Cornelius Williamson and family   (273)   274 - HISTORY OF FRANKLIN AND PICKAWAY COUNTIES, OHIO.   moved out a short time after his return to Virginia, and located near the site of the old graveyard previously mentioned. A child died soon after, and the family, thinking the new country sickly, went back to Virginia, In about 1830, however, they came out again, and made a permanent settlement. John Williamson, sr., father of William and Cornelius, with his family, joined the settlement in 1815.   William and Joseph Buck and their families, originally from Pennsylvania, removed to this State from Kentucky, and arrived in the township about a year after Williamson. William took a lease, for seven years, of about thirty acres in section sixteen. At the expiration of his lease, he removed from the township, going south, somewhere on the Mississippi river. Joseph Buck entered one hundred and sixty acres in section eighteen, where he resided until his death, about 1808. His life was cut short by accident. He was testing a mowing scythe, which he had just "hung," when Henry Reader, his neighbor, passing by the field in which he was at work, was asked to stop and try it. He did so. The first stroke he made the scythe choked, and, in forcing it through the grass, the point struck Buck, who was standing near, in the back of the leg, just above the knee. An artery was severed and he bled to death in the field before surgical aid could be obtained.   James Martin settled, as early as 1798, in section thirty-three, on land now occupied by John Reber. Mr. Martin came from Pennsylvania. He had two sons and several daughters, one of whom became the wife of Andrew Cradlebaugh, a former resident of Circleville, and whose son, Colonel John Cradlebaugh, was a prominent member of the bar of that city.   Abraham Crist settled, about the year 1800, where Stevenson Peters now lives. He had a saw-mill there in an early day, with a run of stone for grinding. The machinery was run by a tread-wheel, propelled by a yoke of oxen. He had also a small distillery, which he operated until his death—in 1833 or 1834. He was taking a load of whiskey to Circleville, and while watering his team at Hargus creek, the horses became frightened in some way and ran over him, causing his death.   William Ward and family came from Pendleton county, Virginia, in the spring of 1802. The family consisted of his wife and seven children; a married daughter remaining behind. They came to Wheeling by wagon, and thence on a flat-boat to Portsmouth. From Portsmouth they journeyed, through the almost trackless forest, with team and wagon. Ward settled on three hundred acres in section seventeen, and moved into a cabin until then occupied by William Buck, a squatter, who vacated on the arrival of Ward. The daughter, Elizabeth, with her family, came out about a year afterward, and re. mained about two years on section eight, when they returned to Virginia. The other children were Charles, William, Robert, Mary, James, George, and Richard. Charles, William, George, and Robert settled in Fairfield county. Mary died unmarried. James married Elizabeth Brobst, and settled on a part of the old homestead. He died in 1863. Four of his sons live in this township -–William, Peter, Josiah, and Daniel Richard Ward married Mary Rout, and settled on the old homestead. Two sons—William Harvey and Sidner J.—are at present residing in Walnut.   In 1803 John Morris moved in and settled on a quarter section in number thirty-three, the farm being now owned by Johnson Bowman. The only settler then in this portion of the township was James Martin, who adjoined him on the north. Morris occupied his original location until his death. A son—Ezekiel—resides in Washington, aged seventy-eight years, and James in Walnut. John died June 5, 1877, and his widow occupies the farm.   Thomas Longworth settled a short distance north of the present residence of John Haas, near where the old graveyard now is, in about 1803. He had a large family, but none of them are now left.   Joshua Hedges, with his wife, and eleven children, came into the country in 1804. They came with team and wagon from Berkeley county, Virginia, their native place, to Brownsville, Pennsylvania, a town on the Monongahela river. There they loaded everything on to a flat-boat, and traveled thus to Marietta, and thence by wagon, over the rough and almost impassable roads, to Zanesville. Their household goods, which were packed in eight or nine large trunks, were left at Marietta, to be shipped up the Muskingum. The shipping agent neglected to send them for several wefts, leaving them exposed to the weather, and the goods were utterly destroyed. The family went to Lancaster in Fairfield county, where they made a temporary location, arriving the seventeenth day of May, of the above year. Mr. Hedges died there the same summer, and in the fall the family came to Walnut. They put up a cabin on section nine, which, with other lands, the father had entered, and moved into it on Christmas day. In 1812, Mrs. Hedges married Henry Dreisbach, of Pickaway township, and moved with him to Bloomfield, where they kept a tavern. The children of Joshua Hedges were Joshua, jr., John, Obed, Jabez, Cynthia, Phebe, Rhoda, Julia, Cyrus, Morgan and William. All are now dead but Jabez. He was born December 28, 1789, near Martinsburg, Virginia. He married Maria Williamson, and first settled on Walnut creek, but in 1829 moved to his present location in section sixteen. His wife died May 13, 1868, and he now lives with his son Joshua. Mr. Hedges was a volunteer for a few months, in the war of 1812, but lay sick most of the time at Fort McArthur.   William Tallman, a Pennsylvanian, settled where Absalom A. Peters now lives, section twenty-four, about the year 1805. He possessed considerable means when he arrived, and subsequently owned a large amount of land. He died in Royalton, Fairfield county, but his body was brought to Walnut, and buried on the farm. He was the father of Judge George Tallman, formerly a resident of New Holland, this county.   Richard Hooker, son-in-law of Tallman, came from Brownsville, Pennsylvania, in 1805, and settled a short distance north of Ringgold, where he resided until some time after the war of 1812, when he returned to Penn-